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This painting is from a series of four illustrating a series of critical events in the life of the biblical figure Susanna from the Book of Daniel. The first panel in the series, now at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool, shows the beautiful Susanna confronted by two community elders while bathing in her private garden. The elders told Susanna that they would accuse her of adultery unless she submitted to their sexual advances. When Susanna refused, the two men brought her to trial. This is the subject of the present painting, with the two elders—standing at the center of the picture—delivering their verdict and condemning Susanna to death. The third panel, now at the Walters (37.485), shows the young Daniel halting Susanna’s execution outside the city walls. The fourth, also at the Walters (37.490), shows Daniel vindicating Susanna after a thorough questioning of the elders and their subsequent execution by stoning. These paintings are a type of object known as "spalliera" panels. Derived from the Italian word “spalla,” meaning "shoulder," spalliera panels were originally displayed at shoulder height as part of the wall paneling in the room of an Italian palace. The individual compositions may seem similar to those for the fronts of marriage chests but the dimensions are much larger.