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Secretary 103 DREW 5246 HEW Bldg HUNTER--EX 3-6300 Ext. 3178 ROSS - --Ext. 2125 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Bethesda, Maryland The uwiaht FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE D. Saturday, April 30, 1955 HEW-C15 The Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, made public late today a summary of conclusions and recommendations of an advisory group of experts in the fields of poliomyelitis and immunology which has just concluded a two-day meeting at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. The meeting was called by Surgeon General Leonard A. Scheele to advise on an investigation of the poliomyelitis vaccine produced by the Cutter Laboratories of Berkeley, California, which was withdrawn from distribution this week. In addition to the consulting group and staff members of the Public Health Service, today's meeting included technical representatives of the six pharma- ceutical houses manufacturing the vaccine. Dr. Scheele said they were included so that the Service might benefit from their special knowledge regarding the production and distribution of vaccine. In arriving at its conclusions and recommendations, the group was guided by last minute data obtained by telephone from health officials in various parts of the country concerning cases of paralytic poliomyelitis occurring among children who have been vaccinated. As of Noon Saturday, the number of cases reported to the Public Health Service was as follows: California, 16; Idaho, 8; Louisiana, 2; Illinois, 1; Colorado, 1; and Georgia, 1. (More) - 2 - HEW-C15 The vaccine manufactured by the Cutter Laboratories had been used in all but 3 of these cases. In releasing the latest tabulation, the Surgeon General pointed out that as of the present moment this represented a total of only 29 cases. Approximately 4 million children have been vaccinated. "It is important to remember," Dr. Scheele said, "that the field trials of the vaccine indicated that it was from 60 to 90 percent effective. It must be anticipated that additional cases will inevitably occur among some of those for whom the vaccine is not effective." The Surgeon General reiterated the belief of the Service that the mass inoculations now under way should be continued. It was emphasized in the advisory group!s report that at the present time there is no reason to suggest that vaccine of manufacturers other than Cutter should be withheld. The Dwight D. A summary of the recommendations follows: The consultants agreed that the data presented on reported cases of paralysis following infection with vaccine manufactured by the Cutter Laboratories justify the action of the Public Health Service in ordering discontinuance of the use of Cutter vaccine pending necessary investigations. The group said that the failure of significant numbers of cases to occur following the administration of vaccine prepared by manufacturers other than Cutter warrants the continuation of vaccination with products prepared by other manufacturers. The group's discussion of the Cutter vaccine centered around three basic questions, upon which continuing studies were recommended: (More) - 3 - HEW C15 (1) Is the appearance of poliomyelitis among people inoculated with the Cutter vaccine merely coincidental? (2) Could the injection of the vaccine have provoked the appearance of paralysis in a manner similar to the provocative effect which has been observed after the use of other immunizing agents? (3) Was a live virus introduced by the injection of vaccine? The consultant group agreed that the incidence and distribution of polio- myelitis in the next several weeks would shed light on these questions. The D. The group recommended that every effort be exerted to stay abreast, on a day-to-day basis, of the incidence of poliomyelitis among those who have received vaccine--securing both medical and laboratory data on each case reported. In addition, the group felt that it is particularly important that prac- ticing physicians themselves should keep careful data on all inoculations they administer, including manufacturer's name, lot number, site of inoculation, and general health of the individual and that these data be reported to health departments. In addition to obtaining epidemiclogical and physical data, the group recommended that careful laboratory studies be conducted on affected individuals who have been injected with vaccine and their families. The group recognized that this will mean a severe strain on the laboratory facilities of the Public Health Service and suggested that the Surgeon General investigate the possibility of enlisting other laboratory resources. The group agreed to serve on a con- tinuing basis to advise the Surgeon General as necessary. The names of the scientific consultants follow: (More) - 4 - HEW-C15 Dr. David Bodian, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene & Public Health, Polio Laboratory Dr. John Enders, Head, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Harvard University Medical School Dr. Thomas F. Francis, Jr., University of Michigan School of Public Health Dr. W. McD. Hammon, Head, Department of Epidemiology & Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Dr. Edward Lennette, California State Health Department, Director, Viral & Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Dr. Ford McGinnes, Medical Consultant, National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis The D. Dr. H. J. Shaughnessy, Director of Laboratories, Illinois Department of Public Health Dr. John R. Paul, Professor, Preventive Medicine, Yale University Medical School Dr. Albert Sabin, Fellow-in-Charge, Infectious Disease Division, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Dr. Jonas E. Salk, University of Pittsourgh, Virus Research Laboratory Dr. Joseph Smadel, Chief, Department of Virus & Rickettsial Diseases, Army Medical Service Graduate School, Walter Reed Army Medical Center. - 30 -

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    "ocrText": "Secretary\n103\nDREW\n5246 HEW Bldg\nHUNTER--EX 3-6300\nExt. 3178\nROSS - --Ext. 2125\nU. S. DEPARTMENT OF\nHEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE\nPublic Health Service\nBethesda, Maryland\nThe\nuwiaht\nFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE\nD.\nSaturday, April 30, 1955\nHEW-C15\nThe Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and\nWelfare, made public late today a summary of conclusions and recommendations of\nan advisory group of experts in the fields of poliomyelitis and immunology which\nhas just concluded a two-day meeting at the National Institutes of Health,\nBethesda, Maryland.\nThe meeting was called by Surgeon General Leonard A. Scheele to advise on\nan investigation of the poliomyelitis vaccine produced by the Cutter Laboratories\nof Berkeley, California, which was withdrawn from distribution this week.\nIn addition to the consulting group and staff members of the Public Health\nService, today's meeting included technical representatives of the six pharma-\nceutical houses manufacturing the vaccine. Dr. Scheele said they were included\nso that the Service might benefit from their special knowledge regarding the\nproduction and distribution of vaccine.\nIn arriving at its conclusions and recommendations, the group was guided\nby last minute data obtained by telephone from health officials in various parts\nof the country concerning cases of paralytic poliomyelitis occurring among\nchildren who have been vaccinated.\nAs of Noon Saturday, the number of cases reported to the Public Health\nService was as follows: California, 16; Idaho, 8; Louisiana, 2; Illinois, 1;\nColorado, 1; and Georgia, 1.\n(More)\n- 2 -\nHEW-C15\nThe vaccine manufactured by the Cutter Laboratories had been used in all\nbut 3 of these cases.\nIn releasing the latest tabulation, the Surgeon General pointed out that\nas of the present moment this represented a total of only 29 cases.\nApproximately 4 million children have been vaccinated.\n\"It is important to remember,\" Dr. Scheele said, \"that the field trials of\nthe vaccine indicated that it was from 60 to 90 percent effective. It must be\nanticipated that additional cases will inevitably occur among some of those for\nwhom the vaccine is not effective.\"\nThe Surgeon General reiterated the belief of the Service that the mass\ninoculations now under way should be continued.\nIt was emphasized in the advisory group!s report that at the present time\nthere is no reason to suggest that vaccine of manufacturers other than Cutter\nshould be withheld.\nThe\nDwight\nD.\nA summary of the recommendations follows:\nThe consultants agreed that the data presented on reported cases of\nparalysis following infection with vaccine manufactured by the Cutter Laboratories\njustify the action of the Public Health Service in ordering discontinuance of the\nuse of Cutter vaccine pending necessary investigations.\nThe group said that the failure of significant numbers of cases to occur\nfollowing the administration of vaccine prepared by manufacturers other than\nCutter warrants the continuation of vaccination with products prepared by other\nmanufacturers.\nThe group's discussion of the Cutter vaccine centered around three basic\nquestions, upon which continuing studies were recommended:\n(More)\n- 3 -\nHEW C15\n(1) Is the appearance of poliomyelitis among people inoculated with the\nCutter vaccine merely coincidental?\n(2) Could the injection of the vaccine have provoked the appearance of\nparalysis in a manner similar to the provocative effect which has been\nobserved after the use of other immunizing agents?\n(3) Was a live virus introduced by the injection of vaccine?\nThe consultant group agreed that the incidence and distribution of polio-\nmyelitis in the next several weeks would shed light on these questions.\nThe\nD.\nThe group recommended that every effort be exerted to stay abreast, on\na day-to-day basis, of the incidence of poliomyelitis among those who have\nreceived vaccine--securing both medical and laboratory data on each case reported.\nIn addition, the group felt that it is particularly important that prac-\nticing physicians themselves should keep careful data on all inoculations they\nadminister, including manufacturer's name, lot number, site of inoculation, and\ngeneral health of the individual and that these data be reported to health\ndepartments.\nIn addition to obtaining epidemiclogical and physical data, the group\nrecommended that careful laboratory studies be conducted on affected individuals\nwho have been injected with vaccine and their families. The group recognized\nthat this will mean a severe strain on the laboratory facilities of the Public\nHealth Service and suggested that the Surgeon General investigate the possibility\nof enlisting other laboratory resources. The group agreed to serve on a con-\ntinuing basis to advise the Surgeon General as necessary.\nThe names of the scientific consultants follow:\n(More)\n- 4 -\nHEW-C15\nDr. David Bodian, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene &\nPublic Health, Polio Laboratory\nDr. John Enders, Head, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology,\nHarvard University Medical School\nDr. Thomas F. Francis, Jr., University of Michigan School of\nPublic Health\nDr. W. McD. Hammon, Head, Department of Epidemiology & Microbiology,\nUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health\nDr. Edward Lennette, California State Health Department, Director,\nViral & Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California\nDr. Ford McGinnes, Medical Consultant, National Foundation for\nInfantile Paralysis\nThe\nD.\nDr. H. J. Shaughnessy, Director of Laboratories, Illinois\nDepartment of Public Health\nDr. John R. Paul, Professor, Preventive Medicine, Yale University\nMedical School\nDr. Albert Sabin, Fellow-in-Charge, Infectious Disease Division,\nChildren's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Department of\nPediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati\nDr. Jonas E. Salk, University of Pittsourgh, Virus Research Laboratory\nDr. Joseph Smadel, Chief, Department of Virus & Rickettsial Diseases,\nArmy Medical Service Graduate School, Walter Reed Army Medical Center.\n- 30 -"
}