National Science Foundation Report on the International Geophysical Year
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OCR Page 1 of 5NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION XOF39
Washington 25, D. C.
June 2, 1954
THE INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL YEAR
The International Geophysical Year designates a program of
cooperative research by more than 30 nations in some ten fields of
geophysics. This international effort will occur during 1957-58,
when intensive observations and measurements will be made simul-
taneously throughout the world. Studies at existing stations and
observatories will be intensified; new stations will be established
at critical sites, ranging from the North Polar regions to the
Antarctic. Every major land and sea mass will be covered in this
study, and the measurements will extend from oceanic depths to a
hundred and more miles above the surface of the earth where rockets
will carry instruments to determine directly the nature of the
upper atmosphere.
The period of actual observations, as well as the stations which
will be used, have been selected with the object of having a minimum
program with maximum results. Since the sun is the key to many
geophysical problems, especially those related to weather and tele-
communications, the time set was based on the increased probability
of occurrence of solar flares and other disturbances during 1957-58,
a period of sunspot maximum.
The need for an international program in geophysics stems largely
from the global nature of the phenomena. The weather in one place,
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