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PSF Francis J. Spellman Subject File Box 185 tele you 3 ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK may 27. 1939 Dear mr. President, The letter which you so graciously addressed to me on the occasion of my installation touched me deeply. And not only do I appreciate the letter itself; I am still more graliful for its contents and for the circumstance that it was written in your own handwriting. needless to say it is one of my most treasured possessions. thank you very much for the invitation to visit you. Islall of course be honored and delighted to go to you any time that you are free to receive me. Hones REN - - INVOICE - ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK Thope your health continues to be excellent a its unewed expressions of esteem and gratitude, Ireman Faithfully yours Hon. Franklin H. Rossevelt President of u United States. 452 MADISON AVENUE UNITED UNITED STREET STATE NEW YORK, N.Y. SPECIAL DELIVERY Special STATES sure SISTACE ENTEL 49 Delivery ANDE 5 CL S 5 5 + & Hon. Franklin D. 66 Milly is ONLY GENT 1933 NEW Marias ANNE President of the Vnity OH Hyde Park new your spellmin Mem file fumil. 3 new new york york. HATE HOUSE Oct 25,1939 SEDUENT DEUM Oct 26 35 AM '39 hlear mr. President RECEIVED I am very grateful to you for your kindness in having me with you yesterday, I did so enjoy the lunchem also, And I feel that as an American and as a Catholic I should that you from my heart for what you desire to do, which l frimly believe will benefit humanity our nation and every nation and benefit religion also. With affectionate gradeful good urshes I am Herotedly Hon Fanklin H. Roseralt President the United States PSF spellman Letter from Berle-Dec 26, 1939 Enclosing last draft of the letter sent by President "cosevelt to Pope Pius TIIon Dec 23rd. Glad the President approves idea of sending aphotostat copy of the drafts to Archbishop Spellman in N. F. In view of his great work in the matter, Attached is copy of transmission letter to Archbishop Spellman. See: Italy folder-Drawer 1-1939 Oh 02 HOUSE 6 RECEIVED 01 83: Feb. 5,1940 Dlear mr. President:- Trank Walker told me of reports that With your kind permission Achbishop Stritch was favorable to Falley coughlin and that he was not in sympathy with some of the measures that you were sponsoring and supporting. Twite naturally I was upset at these reports and I assumed to telephone to milusakes to ask Achbishop Stritch the precise question whether or not he was unfavorable to your administration He categorically and emphatically denied it. Later linguined about articles appearing in the miluaule Catholic Citizen, and I ashed him to unite me a letter concerning the whole matter. He stated to me that he would gladly do this and sent this letter which I'am enclosing. In all sincerely and frankness I believe him to be a supporter of the policies of your administration, as l certainly am proud and pinileged to be. Herotedly +Francis Jspelman trancis ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE 2000 W. WISCONSIN AVENUE MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN January 20th 1940. My dear Archbishop:- From several sources lately there has come to me the report that I have been represented in some quarters as being out of sympathy with the program of our Presi- dent and indeed on certain points in opposition to it. As those who know me and are familiar with my attitudes and activities would not take seriously such false rep- resentation my first inclination was not to dignify such gossip with more than a passing denial. However since I have learned that it has been made a matter of wide comment in certain quarters I am taking this opportunity to give my comments on it. My policy has been to support in every possible way civil authority and to inculcate respect for 1t. In my statements and activities I have tried to keep within the Mandate of my Sacred Office and carefully to avoid entering the field of the purely political or purely economic. Indeed it has pained me when ecolesiastics, claiming to speak merely as citizens, have conducted crusades of vituperation, supported by appeals to senti- ment, half-truths and downright misrepresentations, in fields which are surely not within the compass of their sacred calling. Frankly I know the mind of our people and I know that they resent taking counsel on purely political or economic matters from ecclesiastics. On the other hand many public questions do involve religious or moral principles and openly I have condemned the position that the Church must confine itself to matters of private morality and the bare statement of christian principles. It is the Mission of the Church to interpret the moral law and christian principles in the terms of the expe- riences of succeeding generations. There is such a thing as a mass sin and it should be condemmed. During the difficult times through which we have passed it has been fortunate that there was given to our country the courageous enlightened leadership of President Roosevelt. He aid not hesitate to bring relief to the distressed but intelligently has sought to widen the reaches of our democratic institutions and make our democ- racy a full reality. A less able leader would have failed to reach under the surface of things and discover evils which are the very source of our difficulties. Consistently the President has refuted the new theorists, who would -2- ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE 2000 W. WISCONSIN AVENUE MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN make Democracy a failure, by making Democracy a full reality. It has not been hard to support the President for he has sought to protect the dignity of the individual and to emphasize the social nature of man. For my part I have been in full sympathy with his objectives and endor- sed such of his proposals as came within the Mandate of my Office. It is true that I refused to ask a Senator to vote for the President's proposal on the changes in the number of Justices on the Supreme Court but my reason was that such an action was outside the Mandate of my Sacred Office. It 1s also true that when certain individuals circulated the false rumor that I opposed the President's proposal on a change in the Neutrality Law, I issued B. statement branding this rumor as false and saying that in this matter I was neutral for again I thought that a position on this question was outside the Mandate of my Sacred Office. From what I have written I think that I have made it clearthat any attempt to class me as an opponent of the President is false and dishonest. I have tried to support civil authority in every possible way and the fact is that I have been quite sympathetic to the program of the Presi- dent. Now I do not want it understood that I have not opposed others who in the employ of the Government have taken certain positions which I cannot support or that I have always felt that the means proposed for certain de- sirable ends were opportune. The fact is that I am not a politician or an economist and I have sought to keep my activities within the compass of Religion. Will you pardon me for writing you this long letter? A shorter one would not make my mind clear. Cordially yours in Christ, + Vamme a. Chase Archbishop-Elect of Chicago. The Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., Archbishop of New York. PSF Spelman February 13, 1940. My dear Friend: Ever so many thanks for that nice letter of yours. I had hoped to get a chance to see you before leaving -- but now I an off on Wednesday. first. I hope to see you soon after my return on March I am delighted to see Archbishop Stritch's letter and I hope, too, that I can have the pleasure of seeing him in March. I and sure that he will prove & great success 1a the Chicago Diocese, not only along spiritual lines but also in pushing forward with the splendid social policies of the late Cardinel. Also, I hope that 31shop Sheil will receive recognition for the able assistance which he gave to my old friend. Taking It all in all, I think things are going along all right and I have much to tell you when I see you next. As ever, your old friend, The Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., Archbishop of New York, New York City, N. Y. STANDARD FORM No. 14A APPROVED BY THE PRESIDENT Spllman MARCH 10, 1926 FROM The White House TELEGRAM Sent out Washington 3/12/40 OFFICIAL BUSINESS-GOVERNMENT RATES March 11, 1940 PSE/ NIGHT LETTER dost Reverend Francis J. Spellman, D.D. ... 10-0481 Archbishop of New York, New York, N. Y. May 1, 48 you receive the Sacred Pallium, wish you long years of health and happiness in cischar dug the outies of the exalted office to which you have been called. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT PSF fellmany fill fill mal mal march 21,1940 Hear m. President Frank Walker is bringing my Easter greatings to you. I hope that your cold is all better. I know you will be interested in reading copies of the editorials in some of the papers and letters which I received after spoke in St. Patucks Cathedral thanking you in the name of 21, 000,000 Callotics for your logical and courageous action in sending mr. Tayla to the Holy Father. I thought it was about time to clarify the atmosphere and so I took advantage of the occasion of a very important function with bishops in attendance from all over the United States, sixtyfies of them, and also advantage of a national hook up on the radio, to explain our gratitude to you and the perfect propriety and desirability of your action from the point of view of our country and the world as well as from to viewpoint of the Holy see. l am frankly amaged to have received only me letter critical of my explanation of the situation and lendse also this letter together with a copy of my reply. With affectionate regards lremain Hevoted Fispellman Hon. Fanblin H. Rossevelt President of the United states The JEWISH CHRONICLE The Heartening Viewpoint Of Archbishop Spellman Encouraging, indeed, and eveny inspiring, were the words of Archbishop Francis J. Spellman of News York at the ceremonial this week which invested himsliwith the Sacred Pallium symbol of ecclesiastical authority. We quote in part from the Archbishop address, have professed my Catholic faith 15 and my loyal devotion to my country, the United States Sharing kindr ed feelings: with approximately milhon Americans who are Catholics) and many millions of men and women of good will who it lieve God, and who believe in [peace with tice express gratification that Pret ident Roose the in his histori Amessages of Chri stmastime sent this personal representative to the Holy th the rank of an ambassador, in order what parallel endeavors for peace and the alleviation fguffering be assisted, Perce with justice is the motto of Pope Pius XII, Peace with justice 18 what call peoples of the world devoutly yearn for sand pray, for mow, cand not after world exhaustion androhaos Catholics, Protestants and Jews cana concum in that tex pression and be heartened at the collabo cration of a Funion of endeavor, if notr in belief OF all those who are on the side of right and justice all those and they comprise. the overwhelming majority of mankind who still believe in @God and pay him homage' in the words of Pope Pius XL "* (The latter -statement was made just two years ngowby therlate Poper) and Whis is an: important statement in assime of such great world@tragedy with asseven moretsignifi- cant when weaconsider. that the conbishop. rightlygeriti- - cized certain ireligions leaders who found ault&with the appointment of Mr. Myron Taylor to the Vatican sand short sightedly edeclared (in+trespassed Eupon Theyseparation of church and state, & But the Archbishop's clear-cut de- clarations stand yout even-more when we 11 consider? that just about the time he was preparing for. the sacred cere- monial in St, Patrick's Cathedral. the Holy Father in the Vatican was giving the cold shoulder to use a popular expression, to Hitler's puppet. Mon Ribbent rops Pope Pius, according toirpress preports maderits pretty evident) sto this diplomatic. visitori that the has *scant MMC regard, forstheiscum WHO Germany today, THE THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, MARCHA13, 1940, ARCHBISHOP SPELLMAN - city like&ours the personality of a Catholic Archbishop La ofdmportance to men of good-will of all faiths The address given by Archbishop Spellman yesterday, the occasion of his in- vestiture with the Sacred Pallium, will confirm the high opinion that the pub-, lic has formed of his earnestness, sin- cerity. and generosity of .spiriti The authority exercised by the beloved Car- dinal Hayes has fallen into "worthy hands One or two passages in the address were manifestly intended for all of us, Catholic and Catholic alike **Arch- bishop Spellman added to his profession of Catholic faith equally warm pro- fession of mefican ideals "I pledge m myself, herdeclared. Tito main- tain and (defend our fundamental 11b- ertica. NI amdor all of our.freedoms and/our freedom PI am repposed to tyranny-even though at calls Staelf free- dom.AI am (opposed to ankrehy,seven though calls itself liberty posedito traitorsito the United States, though they wave American Tlags and 211 themselves patriots Nam opposed: to lawlessness and eviolence in speech9and "in action: . greaffirm my:falth In America and in temerican institutions. 04/24/2020 4 Archbishop Spellman did not heed to (reassure us on these points ord speaks for Staelf. His Ekindliness and tolerance were obvious from the first S.Yet, in this day of misunder- istandings, of sinister hates and yeal- ousies, of deliberate unreason, his words are brave and timely. THE YORK SUNDATIONAR Union of Endeavor The address of Archbishop Spellman in:st Patrick's Cathedralkupon the occasionjof;his In estiture was such an éloquent statement of alth in America and American Institutions that t)deserves be recalled Land stressed. Misunderstandings: ncross the Doundaries of religious faith are easy to awaken's Herewas a statement," admirable Instone and temper, and so completely loyal in Its pledge as to clear the air/of any possible doubt or suspicion by the prejudiced SR This community has hardly had time to be come acquainted with the new Archbishop His recent utteranceiwas in the naturelor a broad profession of faith and if addressed primarily to his town (flock) was plainly Intended for a wider,audietice The simplicity and forthright- ness yor MI cappearance sechoed debis phraseology (But there was alsogn Warmth of expression that gave his sentencess singularly moving (uatity) It'lls good Tor Payary Ameri- regardless of manthis rellgious with may Four IUN datrien liliberties Ade- scribed to "Daming Trame of governmen all-necal America and American Institutions' fundamental tebusmess offour Constitution The moral basis DI the republic never Suceded wetelling more than today the note of peace S the Arch bishop ended Quoting the sink DENV beauti- ful-prayer-of Francis of Assist beginning "Lord make me an instrument peace!' His own.phrase & sunion of endeavor, (If not n belief of all,those whome One Mide of right and Justice, seemed a pecularly apt definition of his whole thesis.Such alimity is gravely needed within America as Jamong the nations. It's a precious thing to the commu- nity to have this sense of common effort up- held so :wisely and nobly from St Ratrick's Cathedra creeds varyeas they may MORRIDAYA ELOQUENT witho words of Archbishop Spell- mad Not New York ne:solemn ceremony in which he was honored on Tuesday were extremely eloquent. A part of his sermon WAS pro- feis and glory in my American citi- xenship and N pledge myself to wefend and Amaintain our funda- mental liberties 9 am all of your dreedoms and PRINT freedom: Therefore, I tamropposed to tyranny, even though it callsfitself freetiom I Jam Popposed: even though 1 11) itself/libed, (1 am) opposed to traitors Z to the United States, Given *though the wave American Dags and themselves patriots XII am opposed to Hawless- ness vand violence in speecheand in THE would be hard to 6nd a better Adefinition Vol-real Americanism; in Achurch or but. THIS DOCUMENT IS THE BEST AVAILABLE. EVERY TECHNICAL EFFORT HAS BEEN TAKEN TO INSURE LEGIBILITY. Calor Archbisho p.Spellman Loved In State, The Tablet Asserts Colora and Brooklyn Diocesant Newspaper Pays Editorial ribute to name Metropolitan of the Province an Protections mem Diditerial limithe Tablets March Tuesday Inst this esteemed prel. begn made A specialdelegate-from of axcolorful theiRoly Fatherichy the-bestowal 1thin efother Palliumul If whilbefitting stately. st Cathedral that: thet Decardo Ashould Shave. framed: ttention the across the Abouthim Christy int Romests For /as Arthur the Cardinal hirchbishop of:Phila Krock Sinc the New delphis, brother York Times, Pope Plus XII, with Bishops dance of Misurinse ofijuative knd his leader- priests, Brothamand ship:of/thes Catholic Church, has Unityde flocked storthef exercises in within his thate 3 ush flattering numbers. remember: Relatives and the atd/Mass: on Tuesday this already occurion For that morning Arch: distinguished Fisherman of Souls invested inehis.prograntfof-restoringothe with Holp Pallium, symbol of ranks of mankind to the peace of: he Christ From.out of the ceremony, Shephard's Universal Church) evention its smallest detail has fourth time that the coms.afrealha.realization that our witnessed accere. monyay similar anduthat,the-Church-in-America Civenty bulwark yearstage. forsther sainted) and Already3Archbishop.Spellman mented The hastskens himself the faith and admiration of the Catholicator power of the State: Quietly,he hamllyed, Archutshop Spellman Arch- butsnot:witho teapprecial Bonstor bishops Naws York Metro- depth: of Taithpecharm of-person- politary ality and devotion to. the ardous Yorks to cannot Bei fully-real3 duties Chimoffice The Cathelics Then wills of Brooklyn diocese 51m words withinmillions theiry walcomed Metropolitan. without the Church His deadership will-find People no tham.readywtofollow and to servel creed FORM long. and applaudibis courag the has our hoper best senser the word he hase hasalso our prayer's Boston Trabeler ATT American Speaks Out Of far reaching significance were the words uttered by Archbishop Francis J. Spellman on the occasion of his investure with the sacred pallium a St. Patrick's Cathedral, New FY ork. 102 22 Frankly, and with characteristic sincerity, and learnest- pess Archbishop "Spellman assured This listeners that not, alone doll profess my Catholic faith before you, (profess and glory in my American citizenship, and I pledge myself to maintain and defend our fundamental liberties, shining as they do like) flaming jewels in our frame- of govern- ment /priceless and precious. "I am for all of our freedoms and our.freedom. There- fore, I am opposed to* tyranny, even though it calls itself freedom? I am opposed to traitors to the United States, even though they wave American flags and call themselves patriots.,.) am opposed to lawlessness and violence in speech and action. (Well aware of the serious menace of some, modern trendsin our political and economic life, I reaffirm my daith in America and American institutions Such a strong expression of faith on the part of Arch- bishop Spellman is not surprising to Bostonians flor: while he was here herwas well known as an outstanding exponent of true Americanism will has become New York' good fortune to have the services of this man of high Vprinciple and endeavor in matters religious and American, van Already in many quartersking the New. ark diocese, the belief is freely *expressed that the authorit exercised by the late beloved Cardinal Hayes has fallen intorworthy hands. and As a churchman, and as van American, Archbishop Spellman has again-clearly defined his position. Heihas set an example, both courageous and timely. 51 EMILITANTDEFENDER 12002 -OR-AMERICANISM di) DI albas as The of Brooklyn Daily E e street Lawa FArchbishop's 08 E (Editorial Thank n 10 but and 3 Formal investitures Marchbish- op) Francis wSpellmanrwithithe Sacredo symboling of ethe high **ecclesiasticality market)(was marked vesterday, with medemo services Invest. Cathe dralysiss 10 STATES AM axast It DE One of the moststhpociant rites In the Catholic Church-4t also had special signifi Brook- Byn diocese asia patifolithe Prov. ince of Zowbich Archbishop Spellman inlso thas aus thoritydes its Metropolitanwodz $ Beautiful and impressive though the pservice was with Candinal Dougherty of oPhiladelphia? offi= clating city took abhvevenagreater importance because of the March 2 bishop's for thrighttend mimple.ex-> pression of his faith in his Church: and his acountry. Yan'it she crededi- cated_himselfgasss/militantarie. Zender of-Americanismyasewelb as, of Catholicism UM Americans bf every delthmoarinot but be deepligistired by/Chis estate- ment the the Moried his TAmer-1 Ican citizenshiplend pledgedghin- self, to-maintain,and-defend-our fundaments) as they, do.like flaming ewelssin our frame ADIs government Assoriocless and precious Nonde inb. COPY THE NEW YORK TIMES TIMES SQUARE March 12, 1940 Dear Archbishop Spellman: I have just come from the Cathedral, where I had the privilege of seeing the ceremony at which you were invested with the pallium. I am writing you at once to tell you how beautiful and how moving the ceremony seemed to me to be and how splendidly you rose to a great opportunity in your fine statement on this important occasion. You spoke beautifully, truthfully and with courage. My hat if off to you. May you have many years in which to employ your ability in the great opportunity that lies before you! Sincerely yours, Signed) Charles Merz. Editor. Archbishop Francis J. Spellman, The Archbishop's House, 452 Madison Avenue, New York City. COPY St. Catharine's Rectory 506 West 153rd Street New York March 13, 1940 Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D. Archbishop of New York Your Excellency: In my many attendances as a Navy Chaplain at Cathedral services in many cities, never have I seen a member of the Hierarchy more an Archbishop than when I saw you in the pulpit of the Cathedral on last Tuesday, speaking as another Paul of Tarsus, with a message to deliver and unafraid to deliver that message. There Was not a useless word in your declar- ation on policy. Every sentence was a clearly cut statement that defied any attempt at refutation. Everyone in the Cathedral knew he was listening to a Master. So many things were said that others have been afraid to say. The times require a great fearless leader to stand out as the representative of the Catholic Church in the United States and I am proud and happy that that great, fearless leader is our Archbishop. Yours very respectfully, Signed) John J. Brady COPY THE POWERS AGENCY March 13, 1940 The Most Reverend Francis J. Spellman Archbishop of New York Madison Avenue at 50th Street New York, New York Your Grace: I trust that you will not think me presumptuous if, as a former newspaper man, I send you this note of commendation and praise for the courageous, significant, and masterly address which you delivered in St. Patrick's Cathedral yesterday. The note of simplicity and humility which ran through it gave it rare beauty and added to its forcefulness. Your profession of your Catholic faith and allegiance to the Holy Father were, of course, to be expected. But your profession of loyalty and patriotic devotion to your Country; your declaration of opposition to tyranny, anarchy, traitors to the United States, lawlessness and violence in speech and action; and your disposition of the controversy over our President's noble collaboration with Pope Pius X11 in the interest of Peace came as a surprising and satisfying high-light and were of marked excellence. May God give you continued health and strength to carry on the holy and important tasks you have undertaken. Your Grace's humble servant, Signed) Edward M. Carney P.S. The writer is, as you may know, the brother of Mollie Crohan and father of Bob Carney. DRUID HILLS BAPTIST CHURCH Louie D. Newton, Pastor Atlanta, Ga. March 13, 1940 Reverend Francis J. Spellman, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, New York City, New York My dear Mr. Spellman: Allow me to thank you for your revealing remarks at St. Patrick's Cathedral a few days ago, as reported through Associated Press dispatches, and heralded by newspaper headlines locally as: "Myron Taylor's Critics Rebuked by Archbishop" and "Vatican Emissary Critics are Flayed". Your published remarks should help very definitely to further arouse the people of our country to the significance of this vitally important matter. Let me say first, that there is no point in centering attention upon Mr. Taylor as an individual. It is the position which he has been asked to fili, and not Mr. Taylor, which concerns many of us. I have never heard anything except words of highest appreciation for Mr. Taylor as a successful and honored American business man. But when you "rebuke and flay" those of us who protest the action of the President in appointing an ambassador to the Vatican, saying, "The only reason which nonapprovalists seem to have for their position is the shibboleth of separation of church and state", you get to the heart of the matter, and your apparent ridicule of us in holding to this "shibooleth" will serve, I fancy, to stir many an American to yet firmer conviction regarding the priceless and ,recious principle of religious liberty and its inevitable corollary, complete separation of church and state. You are well familiar with the original meaning and history of the word "shibboleth"- "an ear of corn, a stream, a flood." It was a symbol of something very vital. And although the word may have fallen into lower meaning with the passing of time, it is, perhaps, a very good one for you to have employed in this situation. We, like the Ephraimites of old, may be at the fores- at the crossing of a stream wider and deeper than we think. And Like the Ephraimites of old, we may not be able to pronounce -2- the word at first, but we, like they, have a pretty clear under- standing of what is involved. Your argument for the President sending an ambassador to the Vatican as a parallel to our government sending ambassadors to the governments of Great Britain and Japan would be much more convincing, it seems to me, if you would include in your statement the fact that in these instances, as in every other instance where we have duly appointed ambassadors, our government first recognized, through constitutional procedure, such neighbor governments, and authorized the President to nominate ambassadors thereto; nor has it ever been remotely suggested that in so doing WG were sending an ambassador to the Church of England or to any religious body in Japan, or elsewhere, for the very good reason that the Constitution of the United States explicitly forbids such a course on the part of our country. The implication of your statement that 21 million or Roman Catholics prayerfully and gratefully approve the action of our President fails to take into account at least some Catholics who disapprove his action, as, for example, the article of Mr. Lawrence A. Fernsworth, appearing in the March, 1940, issue of the Protestant Digest. Nor do you acknowledge the position of such prominent evangelicals as the President of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, Dr. George A. Buttrick, who, under date of February 27, 1940, definitely calls upon the President to publicly state his interpretation of the status of Mr. Taylor as officially declared by spokesmen for the Vatican in Rome and in this country. Our apprehension of the status of Mr. Taylor is further deepened by the President's letter to him, instructing him to "communicate to this government any matters which may come to your attention In the performance of your mission. ", which sounds very much like language describing diplomatic relations de jure as well SS de facto, Permit me, therefore, to again thank you for what I believe will prove a very real service in further arousing our people to the full significance of the President's altogether unique course of action, and to say to you, and through you to the President and the Pope, that there are many of us who hold more firmly than ever to the "shibboleth" of complete separation of church and state. Sincerely yours, signed) Louie D. Newton. COPY Congregation Emanu-el of the city of New York Fifth Avenue at sixty-Fifth Street Office of the President Your Grace: On the solemn occasion of your Con- secration may I be ermitted to add my respect ful felicitations and to express the earnest and profound admiration to which I am moved by your sermon. It will long be remembered by the people of this city of all creeds and will be an encouragement and a rallying point for men of good will, everywhere. Very respectfully, Signed) Lewis Strauss To His Grace The Archbishop of New York March 13, 1940 COPY Henry R. Luce 9 Rockefeller Plaza New York Dear Archbishop Spellman, Let me thank you for an experience which I shall always cherish in recollection, that of having been a part of the great congregation at your investiture. Your speech was a most moving reaffirmation of faith in--faith itself. And may I add my prayers, however uncannonical, that you be blessed through many years as an instrument of peace in this city and in this world. Sincerely, Signed) Henry R. Luce March 15, 1940 COPY JOSEPH V. CONNOLLY March 15, 1940 Your Excellency: I heard the ceremonies by radio and I am glad that they were so wonderfully impressive because they were the form of a fitting introduction to the magnificent pronouncement you made from the pulpit. Your family and Jack Conway and your host of friends must have thrilled at the splendor of your words. I assigned Edwin C. Hill to cover the story and I think he did a good job. I am going to have a collection of the photographs bound for you as a souvenir of this wonderful event. The lesson of your Proclamation of Americanism and Christianity will be bound everlastingly in the hearts of the faithful of your diocese. My heartiest felicitations to Your Excellency on this memorable occasion. Your Obedient Servant, Signed) J.V. Connolly His Excellency, Francis J. Spellman, Archbishop of New York, 452 Madison Avenue New York City. COPY March 15, 1840 Rev. Louie D. Newton, Pastor Druid Hills Baptist Church Atlanta, Georgia, Dear Doctor Newton: Thank you very much for writing to me. I feel that when you read my remarks in their entirety, you will not believe that the newspaper headlines, which you quote, were justified in using such terms as "rebuked" and "flayed". As you will note in the text of my address, I said that I was opposed to violence in speech and in action. You will agree, I am sure, that the tenure of what I said was explanatory rather than critical. With very best wishes for your health and happiness, and with renewed expression of thanks for your consideration in writing to me, I am Very sincerely yours, Archbishop of New York. COPY ST. BARNABAS RECTORY 409 East 241st Street New York, N.Y. March 16, 1940 His Excellency The Most Reverend Francis J. Spellman D.D.,L.L.D. Archbishop of New York Your Excellency: It will surely please God to have you assured of the respectful, joyous and proud reception of your Pallium address. All I have spoken to about it are most enthusiastic. It was truly religious, reassuring, uncom- promising, spiritually American, fearlessly yet tactfully challenging. Priests and people are heartened by it and pray fervently for their Christly shepherd. The N.Y. Times report multiplied your audience innumerably. Its admiration. editorial commands non-Catholic respect and May our Divine Lord sustain and His Holy Spirit guide you always thus to say and to do the right thing in the right way at the richt time. Respectfully yours in Christ, Signed) Michael A. Reilly P.S. No acknowledgment of this is necessary COPY STATE OF NEW YORK ALBANY CHARLES POLETTI LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR March 16, 1940 My dear Bishop Spellman: May I use a fraction of your valuable time to tell you how much pleasure the ceremony of last Tuesday gave us. We feel strongly that it is good for all the people of the State to have you as the Archbishop of the Catholic Church. Your remarks were superb - so polite and restrained and yet definite and firm. The objections on the part of a few Protestants to the appointment of Ambassador Taylor to His Holiness transcend our simple comprehension. We admired what you said on the subject and also your forceful words on the integrity of our free institutions. Having grown up with the working man and women, I have deep faith in their decision to adhere closely to the path of American liberties and traditions. And I fully realize that in the process the Church has a tremendous role to play. With you 88 a guide end inspiration, we know the role will be carried on courageously end brilliently. With the profound admiration and warm regards of Mrs. Poletti and myself, Respectfuly yours, signed Charlie Poletti His Eminence the Archbishop of N. Y. COPY E. T. WRIGHT & COMPANY, INC. ROCKLAND, MASSACHUSETTS Office of the President March 19, 1940 The Most Reverend Francis J. Spellman Archbishop of New York 452 Madison Avenue New York Your Grace: Now that a few days have elapsed since your Investiture I want to express to you how impressed I was, not only with the ceremonials, but particularly with your message to the congregation. Once and for all you have laid down a yardstick which measures the amount of illegiance one owes to God and to Country, and the manner in which you expressed the facts leaves no doubt in the mind of any thinking man that your profession of the Catholic Faith and your American Citizenship surely meets the need of our day and will stand alongside Lincoln's Address at Gettysburg. In fact, I believe sincerely that it is more important to us today than was Lincoln's pronouncement at the time of its delivery. It was as great privilege to have been one of those having the opportunity to be present at your Investi- ture. With kindest personal regards, and the best wishes for you at this Easter Time, I am Sincerely yours, Signed) Alfred H. Donovan file foollman jum pers' PSF ISSUEM DEAM Spril April 17,1940 17,1940 Dear mr. President, have just arrived back from another one of those memorable experiences of my life, another visit with you. I am deeply grateful. Though we were gloomier today than any day before, were must still continues praying hoping and working. thought all the way back to how york how well you articulate the thoughts and desires of all my thoughts and desires and prayers and of those who still constitute is great majority of men and wimen or every country. Once more thank you for the honor, the pleasure, the encouragement and inspitation you gave me and give me, I am enclosing a press release from me Protestant group that seems to have a good and for as. Herstedly Fanbspelleney Hon Famblin Ll. Roosevelt President & the United tale From: RELIGIOUS NEWS SERVICE (3/30/40)- 300 Fourth Avenue New York City FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE OPPOSITION TO TAYLOR APPOINTMENT HELD UNREPRESENTATIVE OF AMERICAN PROTESTANTISM. By Religious News Service. (3/30/40) ST. LOUIS -- Opposition to President Roosevelt's appointment of Myron C. Taylor as his personal envoy to the Vatioan is not representative of American Protestantism, according to a leading editorial in the Christian-Evangelist, national weekly of the Disciples of Christ denomination. Pointing out that "there has been no rank and file uprising against the Presi- dent's appointment that we have been able to discover," the editorial oited two church groups that had refused to disapprove the appointment and added that "not nearly all of the church papers are lined up with the opposition." According to the editorial the Christian Advocate, The Messenger, The Christian Leader, and Unity, which is edited by John Haynes Holmes, have each approved the President's action. "There is some evidence," concluded the editorial, "that approval of the appoint- ment is widespread." Quoting the United States Baptist, which recently predicted that the religious issue (the separation of church and state) will play a major part in the 1940 eleo- tion, the editorial voiced regret that "the opposition, unwillingly, we feel sure, is creating a vicious and un-American anti-Catholic prejudice." "We fear," continued the editorial, "that anti-Catholicism is still 80 deeply in- grained in many Protestant leaders in the United States that they are blinded with passionate prejudice and unable to see that Mr. Roosevelt has taken a tremendous for- ward step by mobilizing the strength of religious forces in this country in behalf of peace. The possibility of a just peace is the basio issue in this matter." STATE ASSEMBLY OKAYS BILL PERMITTING ABSENCE FOR RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION. By Religious News Service. (3/30/40) ALBANY, N.Y. -- A bill amending the present section of the education law to in- olude a declaration that school absence for religious observance and education shall be permitted passed the Assembly here with seven dissenting votes. The State Catholic Welfare Committee and the New York State Council of Churches (representing federated Protestantism) are among the organizations supporting the measure. PSF Spellman Min Core 4-41 s copy Oct. 25, 1941 My dear Friend: I am enclosing what I spoke to you about the other day and I know that this 1s confirmatory of other information which has been received in other places. It was grand to see you and do come down again soon (I mean after Monday). Faithfully yours, Franklin D. Roosevelt His Excellency Most. Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D. Archbishop of New York, 452 Madison Avenue New York, N.Y. See Germany folder for complete corres. Enclosure 1s regarding the Natl. Reich's Church (Germany) fill PSF 442 S. March 14, 1942. My dear old Friend:- I think that you would want me, because of our long friendship, to tell you personally and frankly about a matter which has disturbed me very much. A short time ago I got word from the Vatican that there was a real possibility that the Papal Secretary of State had agreed to receive a diplomatic mission from Japan. The Acting Secretary of State, at my request, immediately got in touch with the Apostolic Delegate, expressing the hope that the rumor was not true and that such a course would create an extramely bad reaction on public opinion both here in the United States and in the other American Republics. Now comes word from the Vatican that the story is, in effect, true. The ground given is essentially that this is the carrying out of conversations which have been held with Japan since 1922 -- which, however, seem to have lain dormant since 1939. To this is added, of course, the normal reasons, based on the vast interests of the Church in the Far East. Finally, the message from the Papal Secretary of State presents the dilemma that the Holy See would find it difficult to withdraw under any form of protest by the United States or Great Britain. I can well understand this, but the fact remains that the dilemma should not have been created in the first place. I want you to know, unofficially and off the record of course, that it is my thought that a very great error of judgment was made by reopening the old negotiations, which in effect had been laid on the shelf in 1939. There must have been a dosen ways of deferring action, for one reason or another, at this time. I shall say nothing officially, in all probability, but my heart is torn because it is bound to get out and there will be definitely a bad reaction to thus unnecessary nove. Monsignor Ready knows about all of this, of course. With my affectionate regards, As ever yours, His Excellency Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., Archbishop of New York, 452 Madison Avenue, New York, N. Y. THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON March 14, 1942 My dear Mr. President: You will remember, with regard to the reports we have received that the Vatican had agreed to receive a diplomatic mission from Japan, that I communicated your message concerning this question to the Apostolic Delegate. The Apostolic Delegate sent an extremely strong telegram to the Holy See urging reconsideration of this step and emphasizing the extremely bad reaction which this agreement on the part of the Vatican would have on public opinion both in the United States and in the other American Republics. I have seen subsequently several members of the American hierarchy, including Bishop Hurley of Florida, all of whom have been horrified when they learned that it actually was true that the Vatican was receiving a diplomatic mission from Japan. Yesterday I received a visit from Monsignor Ready. He handed me, with what he said was "profound regret", The President, The White House. -2- a message transmitted to me, through the Apostolic Dele- gate, by Cardinal Maglione, the Papal Secretary of State. I am enclosing a copy of this message for your in- formation. Monsignor Ready, who is profoundly outraged, said he felt it would be most helpful if you personally would let Archbishop Spellman know how strongly the Government of the United States feels about this decision on the part of the Vatican. Will you let me know if you wish me to prepare a draft personal letter for you to send to Archbishop Spellman in this sense. Believe me A thfully yours, Enc. MEMORANDUM In further reference to the matter of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Japan, this Apostolic Delegation has been directed by His Eminence, the Cardinal Secretary of State, to furnish the Government of the United States with more detailed explanation of the principles and particular reasons that have in- duced the Holy See to take such steps. As was intimated in the Memorandum of March 3, 1942, the present attitude of the Holy See is nothing more than a confirmation of the answer regarding diplo- matic relations with Japan given as far back as 1922. If no conclusion was reached at that time it was due to opposition in Japan. The project was again serious- ly discussed in 1939. Now the Japanese Government, enjoying special powers, has renewed such request, and the Holy See could not contradict its previous adher- ence to the plan, especially lest a negative reply be interpreted as a mark of political partiality. The presence in the Vatican of missions of various belligerent countries which are at war with each other, does not diminish but rather emphasizes the strictest impartiality of the Holy See. In fact during the first World War, in the year 1914, a diplomatic mission of Great Britain was accepted by the Holy See after the -2- outbreak of hostilities, and no difficulties were occa- sioned by this act. It is obvious moreover, both in the present time of war, as in time of peace, that the presence of diplomatic missions in the Vatican from various nations of the world, does not signify approval by the Holy See of every action or attitude of the Nations sending such missions. Certain- ly the acceptance of these missions cannot legitimately be interpreted as an adherence of the Holy See to one or the other of the groups of nations engaged in the present conflict. From the practical point of view it must be admitted that the Holy See has vast interests in the Far East, and these she has the right and duty to safeguard by every available means. The missionary enterprises of the Catho- lic Church in the Far East are the fruits of centuries of sacrifice and blood of martyrs, and in the present cir- cumstances the Holy See is faced with the alternative of either completely abandoning these fields or contin- uing by every legitimate means to foster these under- takings for the good of souls. The relations of the Holy See with belligerent na- tions, as with those at peace, are most useful for its works of charity, and particularly for its constant -3- efforts for peace, especially in seeking the collabora- tion of all nations for charitable enterprises and for the return of international concord. The Holy See confidentially and as a mark of courtesy communicated to the Governments of Great Britain and the United States the answer given to the Government of Japan. To the great surprise of the Holy See this news appeared in the press of Switzerland on February 23, and again on March 3, the Reuter Agency published that the British Gov- ernment would protest. In view of this publicity, any change in the attitude of the Holy See would certainly be interpreted as an adherence to the will of one of the belligerent groups, with the consequent lessening of her complete impartiality. In presenting these further clarifications to the Government of the United States, the Holy See expresses the hope that both the general and particular motives above expressed will be fully appreciated, and if the occasion arises, made known to the authorities con- cerned, and also to the general public if need be, in the interest of truth, justice and harmony. March 13, 1942. I PSF spellman spellman COPY Dear Friend: A little bird told me that something had gone wrong with your furnace and that you would probably freeze this winter. I was naturally much distressed at this news BO I asked if something couldn't be done to keep you warm. I am enclosing herewith a memorandum which should set your mind at rest. It was grand to have that visit with you and I do hope I shall see you very soon again. Always sincerely, His Excellency Most Reverend Francis J. Spellman, D.D., The Archbishop of New York, 452 Madison Avenue, New York, New York. Enclosure Copy of attach to the P. from Donald Nelson 10/19/42 s E / the 7 way. smilt / SEAL WAR PRODUCTION BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. OFFICE OF DONALD M. NELSON CHAIRMAN October 19, 1942 Dear Mr. President: We shall certainly see to it that Archbishop Spellman is not cold this winter. I have asked Mr. John P. Maguire, of our New York office, to handle this matter per- sonally, and we will see that the Archbishop is thoroughly satisfied. Respectfully yours, Donald M. Nelson The President The White House FORVICTORY BUY WAR BONDS - STAMPS is my C' to SOURD 's' gen. 4-42 Corres. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 15, 1942. MEMORANDUM FOR HON. DONALD M. NELSON A little bird tells me that the furnace at 51st Street and Madison Avenue, New York City, really does need repairs. It happens to be the residence of Archbishop Spellman, and I hear that this repair has been turned down for a priority by EPB locally in New York and also in Washington. Don't say anything about it to anyone but I really think the Archbishop ought to be kept warm during the Winter! F. D. R. PSF. file NJ speciman foldu 4-43 you DEUM January 1943. 15 blear Sray l feel that these documents directly from the Holy Father will be interesting to the President. I theil the President has been super - admirable in everything. However I feel that reading these letters will be information and helpful to him in getting a complete picture of the Italian situation w its ate regards and gratitude 15th I remain your sincere friend Spellne TRANSLATION LIST OF DOCUMENTS SENT: GENOA 1. Letter: Cardinal Boetto to the Holy Father; November 8, 1942. 2. Letter: Holy Father to Cardinal Boetto; November 16, 1942. 3. Report of Cardinal Boetto concerning the damages to the city of Genoa; December 6, 1942. TURIN 4. Letter: Cardinal Rossati to the Holy Father; November 21, 1942. 5. Letter: Holy Father to Cardinal Rossati; November 30, 1942. 6. Copy of two telegrams: (1) Cardinal Rossati to Holy Father; December 9, 1942. (2) Secretary of State to Cardinal Rossati; December 11, 1942. 7. Most recent letter: Cardinal Rossati to Cardinal Maglione; December 9, 1942. MILAN 8. Letter: Cardinal Shuster to the Holy Father; October 26, 1942. 9. Letter: Holy Father to Cardinal Shuster; December 2, 1942. NAPLES 10. Letter: Cardinal Ascalesi to the Holy Father; December 7, 1942. 11. Letter: Holy Father to Cardinal Ascalesi; December 8, 1942. GENOA -1- Most Holy Father: I beg Your Holiness' pardon if in the midst of the grave and immense anxieties which are tormenting Your paternal heart, I come to add a new grief. I explain the sorrowful situation. Certainly we all understand that the demands of war require that the civilian population suffer from grave consequences. How- ever, the events of the last twenty days or so in the center of the city of Genoa surpass all limits. The devastation caused in the center of the city by enemy air attacks with inflammable projectiles and incendiary bombs 1s wrought in the great majority of cases on private homes of peaceful citizens and especially on the residences of poor people or on harmless buildings. There exist no military objectives in the center of the city of Genoa. More than twenty churches were damaged- among them, various important parishes rendered unusable; we do not know what provisions to make for the spiritual good of souls, which is so very necessary in these sad circumstances. Several religious communi- ties( they are quite numerous in the center of the city) among them some Orders of strict claustration and many charitable Institutes, homes for children and the aged, including the Home for the Aged of the Sis- ters of the Poor, had to leave their quarters and go elsewhere. The 3 large Hospitals were more or less impaired; and one of the two Semina- ries was destroyed partially and the other, damaged. Sadly enough, the list of damages wrought to peaceful civilians and harmless people, could be continued to a great length. It is estimated at this time that about 30,000 people are homeless. If the material damages are very grave, I am even more serious- ly concerned about the moral harm done to the flock which Your Holiness has entrusted to my care, necause all the spiritual life here is com- pletely disturbed. In the face of this terrifying spectacle, I have often asked myself: "How does all this help the ends of war?" Only one answer has come to me: "It serves solely to foment hatred among nations.* Because of the knowledge I have of my people, who on the whole are calm and level-headed, I can say that they harbored a sincere nope have that the enemy would have a more understanding feeling towards the sentiment of our population and a greater humanity- all of which redounded to the honor of the enemy themselves. However, what now transpires is, sadly, a demonstration of something totally different from what the people thought. Just as the people have never approved of the atrocities committed against the enemy, so they do not approve what is being done to hurt them without their being at all to blame. (signed) PIETRO CARD. BOETTO Archbishop of Genoa Genoa, November 8, 1942. -2- "To Our Beloved Son, Cardinal Pietro Boetto, Archbishop of Genoa.: With bitter grief did We learn of the news contained in the letter you addressed to Us, in which letter We found another demonstration of your filial confidence in Us and of your pastoral solicitude towards the flook which is entrusted to you. Let it serve as a comfort to you to know that in this sad hour, We are particularly close to you and to your people who have been so sadly tried, because the sufferings of all Our children re-echo in Our heart. We can assure you that on Our part, as We have done up to the present, no occasion will be overlooked to see to it that the sufferings caused by the war to the civilian population will be spared or attenuated. In the measwhile, we hope that the misfortune itself, now the source of such suffering in your city, will be a font of greater and real spiritual good; let charity flourish abundantly and readily among the ruins, an augury of future peaceful re-edification and a symbol of renewed brotherhood; let the struggle possess an element and strength of salutary penance, expiating the ills which have given rise in the world to so much chaos and have provoked the Divine punishments; and let the prayer arise to God , ever more fer#ent through the tears, the prayer Which We ourselves are invoking for all those suffering in your city and throughout the world. And in the hope of Divine mercy, We impart with all Our heart, to you and all your faithful, and in a special way to those most af- flicted, Our Apostolic Blessing. PIUS PP. XII Vatican, November 16, 1942 -3- OUTLINE REPORT OF THE DAMAGES WROUGHT IN THE CENTER OF THE CITY OF GENOA TO CHURCHES, SCHOOLS, RELIGIOUS HOUSES AND INSTITUTES DURING THE COURSE OF SIX ENEMY AIR RAIDS. PAROCHIAL CHURCHES: In the central part of the city of Genoa, there are 61 parochial churches. of these 61, there were damaged very seriously, in a manner necessitating reconstruction "ex novo" (among them Annunziata, S. Siro, S. Stefano, Immacolata, the richest and most artistic in the city of Genoa) 14 parochial churches Damaged less seriously but badly enough 11 " If With lesser damaged, more easily repairable 17 - # of these a, there are now unusable 42 " " PUBLIC OR SEMI-PUBLIC CHURCHES: of the 75 listed up to the present, 27 were damaged, some very seriously, necessitating complete recon- struction; others, less seriously but still important damages were incurred. The Archdiocesan Chancery adjoining the Archipeiscopal Resi- dence was completely destroyed and the Archiepiscopal Residence re- ceived damages which will be more easily repairable. We have two Seminaries. The one was damaged in such a way that the two upper stories of dormitories with all their furniture, supplies etc. were completely destroyed. The lower stories received serious damages, too. In our other Seminary, a portion of the dormi- tory was destroyed, and there were other minor damages, but it is at the present time not fit for habitation. The rich Library for the Clergy in this latter Seminary was also completely destroyed. RELIGIOUS HOUSES, PIOUS INSTITUTES AND SCHOOLS Up to the present, we have listed 43 damaged. (See list-*- at end of this report). Actually, all homes for infants, child care, orphans etc. have been closed down as are closed down all the schools and homes and residences directed by Religious Orders of men and women. of our 14 Cloistered Monasteries and Convents, not one is in a habitable state. Two have been completely wrecked and many dhers have suffered very serious damages. The three large Hospitals of this archdiocese were completely shaken and seriously damaged. The Home and Hospital for the Sick Poor(with its capacity of 1800 filled at the time of the attack), the two Rest Houses or Sanatoria, the Home of the Little Sisters of the Poor, the Rest Home and Hospital for Old and Invalid Priests were all seriously damaged. OTHERS All the most important edifices of the city from an historical, a religious or an artistic point of view were destroyed seriously in some way or another. For example, the Ducal Palace, Tursi, Spinola(cen ter of the Prefecture), St. George (the most important historical center of the city), The Palace called THE RED AND WHITE, which for its historic treasures was continuously visited by tourists. Also- the Chiossone Oriental Museum, believed to be the best and richest in the world. Also the greater part of the old Palaces of the nobles of Genoe have been lost. IMPORTANT:: What has attracted everyone's attention is the fact that the air attacks, it can be said, had as objectives only the center of the city of Genoa, which is practically all residences and harm- less edifices. Genoa, December 6, 1942. (signed) PIETRO CARD. BOETTO Archbishop of Genoa. LIST * Schools, Educational Institutes and Convents and Monasteries Destroyed or Seriously Damaged. 1. Home of the Daughters of Mary 2. Arreco Institute 3. Institute of the Medean Sisters 4. Home of the Servants of the Sacred Heart 5. Institute of the Negrone Durazzo Sisters 6. Institute of the Pinus Mothers of Ovada 7. Institute of the Assumption 8. Lateran Canonesses' Convent 9. Home for the Protection of Young Ladies 10. Institute of the Filippini Sisters 11. Convent of the Tertiary Carmelites 12. Convent of the Nazzarene Sisters 13. Convent of the Tertiary Franciscan Sisters 14. Ravasco Institute 15. Convent of the Filippini Nuns 16. The Minor Cottolengo 17. Institute of the Auxiliary Sisters 18. Paverano Institute 19. Home of the Tertiary Dominican Sisters 20. The Vittorino da Feltre Institute 21. St. John the Baptist Orphan Asylum 22. Catholic Home for the Aged 23. Fieschina Conservatory 24. Institute of the Purification 25. The Liturgical Apostolate 26. Institute for the Deaf-Mutes 27. Gianelline Nuns' Convent 28. Hostel for the Poor 29. Hone for the Poor, Benedict XV 30. Convent of the Minimi 31. Institute of St. Joseph (Bonarian Sisters) 32. St. Catherine of Siena Institute 33. Home of the Missionary Priests 34. Artigianelli Institute 35. Marcelline Institute 36. Institute of the Dorothean Sisters 37. Home of the Little Sisters of the Sick Poor 38. Marcelline Institute 39. Baptistine Sisters' Convent 40. Convent of the Clarist Nuns 41. Convent of the Discalced Augustinian Nuns 42. Institute of the Sisters, Daughters of the Will of God. 43. St. Nicholas' Home * * * * T U R I N -4- bishop of Turin, November 21, 1942.) (From a letter of His Eminence, Cardinal Maurilio Fossati, Arch- I write with my heart broken. Last night between the hours of eight and nine was indeed bedevilled. How many bombs rained down? How many inflammable projectiles were hurled against us? No one could count them? For several hours, the Archbishop's house was in the midst of the flames of the surrounding buildings all afire- while it (Archbishop's house) was saved only through speedy aid from the hundreds of projectiles which shot down. It is impossible to list the churches whose windows crashed in from the shock of exploding bombs. According to the first news this morning, four churches are now unusable, as are many rectories. It is likewise impossible to enumerate the buildings burned down. Tele- phone, trolley, electric connections are impossible. Running water has been cut off. Early this morning I felt it my duty to go to the Seminary to dismiss the students. I could not face the parents and the diocese and assume the responsibility of keeping these students in the midst of certain danger. Sisters, institutes under the direction of the Religious Or- ders of men and women, etc.- have all vacated their premises and are travelling about on foot seeking shelter wherever they can. Just now it was reported to me that a large house of the Cottolengo Community (detached, however, from the little House called the Porziun- cula) 1s aflame and that the Sisters are being escorted to safety. I implore for this City, which has been 80 sorely tried, a special Apostolic Blessing which will be miraculous in stemming this tide of sorrows. (signed) M. CARD. FOSSATI Archbishop of Turin -5- To Our Beloved Son, Cardinal M. Fossati, Archbishop of Turin: The news which you send Us- your fatherly and shepherdly heart brimming over with bitter grief- lead Us who Ourselves are grieving with you to the midst of the ruins, the mourning and the tears into which the war has these days plunged the noble, indus- trious city of Turin, which is a city most dear to Us for many reasons. Even while We grieve over your sorrow and that of your child- ren, however, We are strengthened and uplifted by the certainty that the traditional faith and religious spirit of the Turinese people even when harshly tried, will never diminish; and looking to God, ali-merciful and good, trusting in Him especially in this their hour of trial, the people of Turin will know how to await from Him the grace which transforms our 111s into a means of purification and sanctification in Jesus Christ. As for Us, We shall continue to avail Ourselves of every means within Our power to lessen the public suffering of all Our children; and We shall not cease to send to God the most ardent prayers that He curtail this strife and that He again lead all peoples to order and peace. Meanwhile We wish to assure you and your spiritual children that Our thought and Our heart are strongly with you. And while We do not doubt that in the midst of this public calamity the prayer of all will rise more fervent and confident, with Our heart We invoke the consoling Blessed Virgin, to whom the city of Turin is so devoted, and with Our heart do We impart to you, Beloved Son, to your clergy and to the entire flock entrusted to your care, the Apostolic Bene- diction. PIUS PP. XII VaticanCity, November 30, 1942. -6- COPY OF TWO TELEGRAMS TURIN, DECEMBER 9, 1942, 4:50 p.m. LAST NIGHT RENEWED VIOLENT AIR RAID. CHURCHES, HOSPITALS RUINED. SEMINARY AND CATHEDRAL INTACT. HOUSEHOLD AND MYSELF SAFE. RESPECTFULLY, CARDINAL FOSSATI VATICANCITY, DECEMBER 11, 1942, 7:30 p.m. His Eminence Cardinal Fossati Archbishop of Turin TELEGRAM DECEMBER 9TH RECEIVED. HOLY FATHER DEEPLY MOVED AT YOUR REPEATED SORROWFUL TRIAL, RENEWS TO YOUR EMINENCE, CLERGY AND FAITHFUL OF ARCHDIOCESE OF TURIN HIS COMFORTING APOSTOLIC BENEDIC- TION. CARDINAL MAGLIONE. -7- Most Recent Letter from the Cardinal Archbishop of Turin received in the Secretariate of State on December 12, 1942. Turin, December 9, 1942 My heart is broken and my eyes are filled with spectacles of fire and blood! Last night between 9 and 10 p.m., a most violent air raid with innumerable bursting bombs and incendiary projectiles once more attacked this martyred city. Since my telephone has again been impaired, I am able to relay only little news for the present. Three immense bombs fell near the Archbishop's House, causing ruins, but I suffered grave harm only from the severe drafts caused by the destruction of many doors and windows. The Social Action Institute of the Jesuit Fathers burned down; the Capuschin Parish of the Madonna della Campagna was razed to the ground with many dead and many wounded (the Pastor and four of his Religious perished). The Parish Church of St. Gioachinno was very seriously damaged; the cupola of the Church of Santa Croce was burned; many other churches were impaired, among them the Church of the Jesuit Martyrs. The old St. Giovanni Hospital was burned. Two bombs de- stroyed the Surgical Wing of the new Hospital at Molinetto and also the convent of the Nursing Order of Sisters. One Sister 18 dead and one 18 dying, while among the patients of the Hospital there are many dead and wounded. The Mother House of the Missionaries of the Consola- ta is badly impaired and the Fathers have to vacate the premises. A few yards from the Cottolengo, a bursting bomb destroyed the great Infirmary Building and broke every pane of glass in the small house. No wounded have yet been reported. Among the buildings burned down, I mention merely the Uni- versity, the Politechnic Institute, and the L.I.C.E., our splendid library agency. (signed) M. CARD. FOSSATI Archbishop of Turin MILAN -8- Excerpt of a Letter from His Eminence, Cardinal Ildefonso Schuster, Archbishop of Milan, to the Holy Father, October 26, 1942. Here is a succint report. I found the parochial Church of Santa Maria alla Fontana all aflame. The transept of the Church of santa Croce was destroyed. That of the Church of SS. Nereus and Achilles was rent by a bomb. With his own hands, the Rector of the church succeeded in throwing out a bomb which fell right into his house, before it caused further damage. More than one hundred public buildings and homes were devoured by flames, wmong them the Home and Hospital, "Regina Elena", the Brefo- trofio(Orphan Asylum); the Misericordia Hospital. The Greater Hos- pital was also an objective of the bombs and the Archivium was aflame, too. Worst of all was the nocturnal bombardment. Numerous houses crashed to the ground and there 18 a relatively large number of dead and injured. How the Duomo (Cathedral) was spared, 1s a thing I do not understand, since from the first bombs rained down by the dozens on the Hospital, which is a mere one hundred yeards from the Archbishop's House and Cathedral. As a matter of fact, the airplanes circled over the Arch- bishop's House and so we found in our courtyard the remains of things they had set afire and which had fallen down. -9- Letter from the Holy Father to Cardinal Schuster; December 2, 1942 The Christmas greetings to Us from you and your diocese come to Us with such affectionate filial solicitude and though they call us back to the mystical B weetness of a peace loftier than all world- ly happenings, still they do not obliterate the deep sorrow with which We feel ourselves overcome because of the bitter trials which in these very days have stricken Milan and her generous children. And so, while We express to you and them Our paternal grati- tude for your greetings, rejoicing that the Babe of Peace will re- new in all our hearts the great message of Bethlehem;- not an empty word for those who believe in Him and champion Him in all circum- stances,- We cannot refrain from revealing to your grieving hearts Our same grief; while on the other hand, We send to God and to man Our pleas that the cruelty of this scourge end and that there be a cessation to the carnage, the ruins, the mourning. It is true that We are consoled to learn how present trials are being translated into as many incentives for pious acts; through these, goodness increases and in the greater number of cases, there is reborn the feeling for God, the disposition towards good and the consideration of values eternal. But this very thought strengthens Our desire that our prayers, your prayers, the prayers of all, be heard; that security be restored to all hearts; and that to so indus- trious a city, beneficent, productive work be restored in order and justice. With these feelings do We also invoke with special fervor the intercession of the Divine Queen and of your Patron Saints; and in the faith that the Father of Mercy will hasten for all the hoped-for peace, We impart to you, Beloved Son, to your clergy and your entire great family in Christ, our Apostolic Blessing. Vatican City, December 2, 1942 PIUS PP. XII N A P L E S -10- Naples, December 7, 1942 Most Holy Father: with my heart intensely grieved do I fulfill my filial duty to appeal to Your august Heart, 80 extremely feeling and already so profoundly afflicted by the awful scourge incumbent on humanity. The recent violent attack on Naples surprised the civilian population and has stricken persons intent on their daily tasks, thus thrusting into mourning 80 many families who also have been deprived of their very homes. With air raids that spare no person and no object, this great people now finds itself exposed continuously to every danger and must face most difficult trials. For this people of Naples do I implore of Your paternal good- ness, a special, comforting Apostolic Blessing and special prayers. Tomorrow, Feast of the Immaculate Conception, all of us, clergy and people, shall be gathered in prayer- joining in the inten- tions of Your Holiness and we shall consecrate the city and diocese to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. We shall make a VOW to the Heaven- ly Mother and to St. Januarius, our Patron, to complete the facade of the Cathedral Church just as soon as Naples is free from the scourge of these calamities of war. 0 Most Holy Father, do Thou bless these plans of ours and bless all our Archdiocese, which looks to You as to the only Beacon of Light, the only Hope of Peace and Salvation. Humbling kissing Your Sacred Foot, I am Your Holiness' most humble and obedient servant and child, (signed) A.CARD. ASCALESI Archbishop of Naples -11- To Our beloved son, Cardinal Alessio Ascalesi, Archbishop of Naples. Called by the unsearchable ways of the Lord even from the very beginning of Our pontificate to drink deeply of the bitter chal- ice of the Divine Master as the entire human family is swept in the maelstrom of war, We are today with you, Beloved Son, participating in your sorrow and the sorrow of your flock, which is today deep in mourning. But as We suffer with you, We well perceive, in this so try- ing crisis, the strong and living faith of a people which has not belied its fervent religious spirit and which in its most difficult trials, feels God closer than ever as it accepts His wishes and rec- ognizes His mercy; a God Whose scourges are sent to uplift us and Who, humiliating us His children, recalls, purifies, relieves, leads His children to the Light of Truth and Justice of heart. Supported by this knowledge, We do not doubt that everyone will find his solace in the God of Mercy; end this compassionate Father, Who consoles even while permitting sorrows, will even today make His afflicted children feel His soothing Hand so that no one will fall or falter but everyone will find the loftier ways of Christ- 1an strength. With this hope, which in Our heart is a certainty- so great is Our esteem for the Neapolitan people- do we offer today to the Heavenly Comforter for your intentions- as We did yesterday for your brothers' intentions and those of Our beloved children- the most earnest prayer that soon the dawn of a just, and happy peace will follow these sad nights of mourning. And 80, may the Almighty God, through the intercession of the Immaculate Virgin and of your glorious Patron Saint who is al- ways so close to you, hear Our pleas; and may you, Beloved Son, and all your flock, especially the ones most sadly afflicted, have as a token of Divine Assistance Our heartfelt Apostolic Blessing. Vatican City, December 8, 1942. PIUS PP. XII \ PSF Spellman 4-43 folder PERSONAL February 5, 1943. My dear Ike:- My very old friend, His Excellency, Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., the Arch- bishop of New York, and, as you know, Chaplain Bishop of the Army and Navy, is about to leave for many of our various fronts. I much hope that when no comes to your area you will have a chance to have a good talk with him. Be is doing a splendid piece of work. With my warm regards, Always sincerely, Lt. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Commander-in-Chief, Allied Forces in North Africa. Superver 2' PERSONAL February 5, 1943. My dear George:- My very old friend, His Excellency, Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., the Arch- bishop of New York, and, as you know, Chaplain Bishop of the Army and Navy, is about to leave for many of our various fronts. I much hope that when he comes to your area you will have a chance to have a good talk with him. He is doing a splendid piece of work. With my warm regards, Always sincerely, Major General George S. Patton, Jr., Casablanca, North Africa. APPLIMENT 2' TAY3* PERSONAL February 5, 1943. My dear Generalissimo:- My very old friend, His Excellency, Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., the Arch- bishop of New York and also Chaplain Bishop of the Army and Navy, is about to leave for many of our various fronts. I much hope that when he comes to your area you will have a chance to have a good talk with him. He is doing a splendid piece of work. With my warm regards, Always sincerely, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek, Chungking, China. ROPLINTA ⑇ rars. PERSONAL February 5, 1943. Dear Bill:- My very old friend, His Excellency, Most Rev. Francis J. Spellman, D.D., the Arch- bishop of New York, and, as you know, Chaplain Bishop of the Army and Navy, is about to leave for many of our various fronts. I much hope that when he comes to your area you will have a chance to have a good talk with him. He is doing'a splendid piece of work. With my warm regards, Always sincerely, Honorable William Phillips, Personal Representative of the President of the U.S., New Delhi, India. fill mal THE WHITE HOUSE PSF Spellmanfolder 4.43 WASHINGTON February 7, 1943. MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF STATE Archbishop Spellman is about to leave by plane for Lisbon to inspect our troops in North Africa and to go on to the Near East and India and China. He 15, as you know, the Chaplain Bishop of the Army and Navy. He got word from the Vatioan that the Pope hopes he will come to Rome from Lisbon and Madrid. I also hope he can do this if it can be arranged. I suggest an immediate telegram to Hayes to see whether this can be worked out through the Papal Nuncio in Madrid. I take it it means crossing German occupied France and also Italy. After Myron Tyalor's visit 18 was int timated the Italians would never allow it again but in view of the fact that this is wholly a church matter they wight do so. Will you wire Hayes to tell him that Spellman will see him very shortly in Madrid and to do what he can. Isn't this the best approach 7. D. R. DEPARTMENT OF STATE file THE SECRETARY Personsl April 3, 1943 MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT Read with much interest and returned with thanks. spellman folder 4-43 126 AIR MAIL PSF Seville, Spain, March 4, 1943. Personal The President, The White House, Washington, D.C. My dear Mr. President: It is just a month ago today that I had my very pleasant visit with you and said good-bye. I renew the expression of my heartfelt thanks to you for per- mitting me to make this trip which, in more than three weeks since I left New York, has been extremely inter- esting. First of all I tell you of my prayerful gratitude to God for your complete recovery from the influenza attack, which worried me. It is the best news possible to hear that you are completely well again. I remained only 24 hours in Lisbon, and Mr. Fish and the members of his staff were exceedingly kind. I hurried on to Spain as I was desirous to get to the Vatican as soon as possible. Ambassador Hayes took me to his home and being with him and Mrs. Hayes was a delight. Because of lack of airplane connections I remained five days in Madrid, during which I net a great many people. It was a pleasure to hear from everyone of the esteem in which Dr. Hayes is held. Generalissimo Franco invited me to call on him and I wrote a note which I asked the Ambassador to forward as I felt the account would be interesting to you and to Secretary Hull. I know that I took full advantage of the opportunity to present America's position in the war and to explain America's war aims fully and forcefully; and I emphasized what I had to say with quotations from your own addresses, especially the one on Lincoln's Birthday, and also with references to Dr. Hayes' address of January 16th on "American War Aims". In the opinion of everyone with whom I talked, there is a definite decline in the Axis influence in Spain. In fact the only reason, as far as I can note, for any pro-Axis feeling, is the fear of Communism, which extends all over Europe. In this matter also I did my best on every occasion to indicate Mr. Stalin's adherence to the Atlantic Charter and other subsequent statements by himself and other leaders in Allied countries. I referred to statements attributed to Mr. Stalin that Russia does not wish to possess any non- Russian territory or to impose its form of government on -2- AIR MAIL on any nation. Certainly if people could be made to believe that this will be a fact, it would be a tre- mendous help to the Allied cause. There are, however, many communists in Spain, France, the Low Countries, Italy, Germany and other countries, who are not Russians, but who are hungry and who believe that Communism will deliver them from all evil. I had a two day enforced stop at Barcelona due to airplane difficulties, and arrived in Rome on Saturday, February 20th. It was an emotional experience to return there after more than ten years' absence. I was treated with almost too much courtesy and lodged in the American College property. The first thing the Holy Father did was to inquire about you and express gratitude for you and to you for many, many reasons. He deeply and con- tinually appreciates Mr. Myron Taylor and for Mr. Taylor the Pope has the highest esteem and appreciation. I can truthfully state that despite everything the Italian Government has done, the Italians do not regard the Americans as their enemies. The contrary 1s the truth and I myself received many letters which began "Caro Nemi- co" (Dear Enemy). The Italians especially appreciate the fact that the Italian Nationals in America have not been treated as enemy aliens. They are actually hoping for America to liberate Italy, a feeling the sincerity of which is illustrated best by a story told about the people of Sicily, who say that they are terribly unlucky and un- fortunate for the following reasons: first of all because they have been invaded by the Germans, secondly because their cities have been bombed with resulting great de- vastation, and now, after all these misfortunes, the Americans are not going to land in Sicily but in Sardinia!! The people are suffering tremendously. There is much hunger and weakness. The bread is black and just like straw and the prices are definitely and increasingly in- flationary. A camera costing new 2000 lire is offered se- cond-hand for 10,000 lire. An individual, for example, is allowed one egg every two weeks and I quote an official order appearing in the newspaper of February 27th: "From today, February 27th, to March 5th, consumers may buy one egg with coupon No. of the ration card now in use in Rome, covering the four months from November to February. The coupons collected by the retailers should be delivered, together with other coupons, to the Rationing Office at Via Labicana 121. The price of one egg is Lire 1.80. In the black market an egg costs eight lire. The anti-German feeling is very strong and deep. Stories of wounded officers and men of the few survivors from the Russian front are heartrending, especially in those details which describe the action of the Germans in abandoning wounded Italian soldiers in their retreat. Ninety-nine percent of the Italians, in my oninion, would, if they could, make peace tomorrow, and the only obstacles to peace that I see are Mussolini and the fact that if peace were obtained, then the Germans would retaliate by bombing Rome. That is why there 18 such anguish and such a -3- AIR MAIL a desire for the Americans to come, and to come quickly. I do not think that there 18 anyone in Italy who thinks that Italy can win the war, with the exception of Mussolini, and the position of Mussolini can be best described by another story, as follows: Ever since the war Mussolini has been greeted by the word "Vinceremo" (We shall conquer), and a Prefect 80 greeted him recently thinking to flatter him. Mussolini must have been in a particularly insane mood because he replied "Imbecile:, abbiamo vinto!! (Fool, we have already won) :. In conclusion, Mr. President, it has been stated some months ago that in the war "we are at the end of the beginning". I make no pretence to have any better in- formation than the ordinary lay American, but from what I see and from what I hear, I really feel that we are now approaching the beginning of the end. I know the terribly hard, costly and sad road still to go, but under your leadership and inspiration I am sure that we are well en- tered upon that road. I have many more interesting things to tell you and I was really in a quandary whether or not I was doing right to continue on my way or if I should re- turn immediately to report to you. But I have decided to keep to my schedule. With affectionate regards, I remain, Devotedly yours, Francis Jspellmay P.S.- If you think that these thoughts would be helpful to Mr. Hull and Mr. Welles, they may read this letter, but afterwards may I ask that it be destroyed. I am now in Seville, where Consul and Mrs. Hamlin and Vice Consul and Mrs. Granata, are most kind. ** (811) spellman folder 4-43 her THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON March 20, 1943. MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF STATE AND THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE To read and return for my files. F.D.R. Letter from Francis J. Spellman, Seville, Spain, 3/4/43, to the President, reporting on his trip to Italy, etc. PSF Speciman folder 4-43 June 10, 1943. MEMORANDUM FOR MR. MORELAND STATE DEPARTMENT Will you be good enough to see that the enclosed message is sent through the Code Room? Grace G. Tully Private Secretary for Miss Jully from B.V.C. have the FOR ARCHBISHOP SPELLMAN: Your message deeply appreciated by all of us. The answer to your question is he speaks, reads and writes in Spanish and has been using that language professionally in the Mexican divisions of his work (signed) TOM DEPARTMENT OF STATE THE SECRETARY June 7, 1943 MEMORANDUM FOR MISS TULLY A copy has not been furnished Mr. Corcoran direct. John Ileon F. Stone HB Cairo This telagram must bE paraphrased before being Dated June 5, 1943 communicated to anyone other than a Governmental Reo'd 7:12 p.m. agency. (BR) / Secretary of State, Washington 1013, June 5, 12 p.m. Department's May 28, 9 -n.m. to Tehran FOLLOWING FROM ARCHBISHOP SPELLMAN TO THOM.S CORCORAN "Haturally deeply interested in welfare and happiness of our friend and know that you both realize difficulties. Does hE speak Spanish?" KIRK. WSB American Consulate General, Nairobi, Colony of Kenya, Africa, June 30, 1943. Letter from Archbishop Spellman, visit- ing Africa in connection with American mili- tary chapels, for transmission to President Roosevelt. spellman fredies.,43 PSF NAIROBI P.O. Box 1031 DELEGATIO APOSTOLICA June 26.1943 Dear mr President- Please accept this little gift not as an evidence of my prowess as a marksmay but as a token of my grateful thought and preyerful remembrance of you at all times Herotedly Hyspellman mr. E ben: - No you have any idea what the gift was which was sent by arch biship Spell man. m. Latta has some time try/ing to find bun holding this for THE FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA The President, The White House. out thanked. M he cauld he have with 1 ,It as 1 Times win met NET Vaga It wat purpost sind more Henry Mencenture Galeazzi Lisbon spillman folder 4-43 file THE WHITE HOUSE 3:30 tomorrow WASHINGTON Sept. 3, 1943. HOLD About Sept. 9th Archbishop Spellman will get in touch with us a little later and ask for an appoint- ment with the President for the person whose name is attached. Woodley 1773 or at the Delegates Conference- - Archbeshop Stritch Archbishop Momey PSF spellman forder file 4-44 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 7, 1944. MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT: I spoke last evening with Arch- bishop Spellman and he is very anxious to have a chance to see you before he makes any arrangements for his trip to the South Pacific. He would like to leave about a month from now. Do you think you could see him next week sometime and should I make the necessary appoint- ments for him with the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy, or Judge Patterson to work out his plans? He was, as you can imagine, delighted over the taking of Rome by the Allies and sent you his love. GGT Smith the Prident made list June If Jun general alan, su T Sity fn mi. m in spellman PSF freden ly. 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK June F, 1944 Dear Srace,- I am on my may to Detroit and since there been unable to contact you by phone l wish to report termons, Ready denies that he made any such statement. Secondly So was insited to to home of to Finnish minister since he Rad given from time to time different gifts for to Children of Frinland as he had done officially for the children or other countries, He knew mothing 9th impending action by S State Department again 6 Ministry two Frank The harriage case will be investigated promptly and you will get a report Everyone, Judge Patterson, m. Forestal, m. Hull were most kind and seemed pleased the I was taking another trip. Ide not wish to latter to last time Re gave my letters to Generals Eisenhower, Clarl and Patton and to the Inbasators and ministers. Perhaps if it is not too unreasmable, thesesides might give me letter to Jone of to others, especially Admiral himity. But if it is to unusual, and lanow it is unlesual, lets forget it Sincerely and grate fully PSF spellman freder 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK July 51 1944, hlear Erace.- Thank you so much for your note. just as everything for appareatly all set, breceied and via the Spostolic Melegation that a Holy Father would like me to go to Rome - just like be last time. So I'll be going last. hards instead of lardready phoned col. heland whom Judge Patterson designated to plan my intirery and le is . most bind. lplan to leave M July 18. na England and if the President will give me a very PSF spellman freder 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK July 51 1944, hlear Srace- Thank you so much for your note. just as everything for apparently all set, becaused and via the Spostolic Melegation that a Holy Father would like me to go to Rome - just like to last time. So I'll be going last. wards instead of lardready phoned Col. heland whom Judge Patterson designated to plan my intinerary and le is most bind. lplan to leave M July 18. nia England and if the President will give me a very special letter to General "llse "if would like to have a not to France and Several Bradly So in regard to to letters l would need I shall leave it to you. l have still to letter to Generalisms Chiang Kai Chek and do not think lneed a fresh one and lbnow Ambassador Winant and Bob murphy, Alexander Kirk and Bob murphy After Italy l hope to and of course myror Taylor, continue on to China, India, Australia and then to to jurisdictions of solminals . and Holsey, Perhaps I might be permitted to make a cruip on "Sara" as Captain Cassady suggested an the enclosed memo Incaived from m. Forestal were wonderful to me chaplain Sleehy, Judge Patterson and your cincere friend Fyspellan U. S.S. SARATOGA Time MEMORANDUM March dlay 1944 From: Commanding Officer. Capt J.H Cassady In ne: action This Day To Chapting Therry Returned, showhs of you shaned have recasion to mate to the please tell him that, while liming 78 The Marahatls, I thoroughly ungaged his writings. I "," think that be shaned visit and an what the armed faces are damy and here, and I budy retund a most condial invitotion for him to make a ermise in Sara 2006 ISS-A-M.I.N.Y. 12-17-48-2500 ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE 452 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK 22 July 5, 1944 Dear Grace: I am enclosing herewith a copy of the July issue of the Cathedral Bulletin which contains a reference on Page 11. With kind regards, I remain Your sincere friend, Holpelena Archbishop of New York Miss Grace Tully The White House Washington, D. C. 20 he athedral ulletin ] July. 1944 B. ALTMAN & CO. The Cathedral Bulletin OFFICIAL PUBLICATION of ST. PATRICK'S CATHEDRAL NEW YORK, N. Y. Meadorstrook VOL. XXIV JULY, 1944 No. 7 & CO. E. ALTMAN SEQUERE DEUM THE MOST REV. FRANCIS J. SPELLMAN, D.D. Archbishop of New York THE MOST REV. J. FRANCIS A. McINTYRE, D.D. Auxiliary Bishop and Chancellor THE MOST REV. JOHN F. O'HARA, C.S.C. Meadowbrook Military Delegate RIGHT REV. MSGR. JOSEPH F. FLANNELLY IT'S A OF COURSE! Administrator RIGHT REV. MSGR. WILLIAM A. SCULLY ONE OF ALTMAN'S TAILORED CLASSICS Secretary for Education RIGHT REV. MSGR. FRANCIS X. SHEA and it's only at Altman's that you can find Meadowbrook* Secretary to the Archbishop fashions. Here we show just one from our town-and- RIGHT REV. MSGR. JAMES H. GRIFFITHS country collection: the overplaid wool tweed jacket with Chancellor of the Military Ordinariate matching skirt, both in sizes 12 to 20; the jacket, 35.00; VERY REV. MSGR. WALTER P. KELLENBERG Vice-Chancellor the skirt. 16.95. third floor REV. ROBERT E. WOODS REV. THOMAS L. GRAHAM Fifth Avenue of 34th Street Telephone MU. 9-7000 REV. MICHAEL J. DEACY REV. GEORGE H. GUILPOYLE Also of our East Orange and White Plains Shops REV. THOMAS J. McMAHON REV. THOMAS A. DONNELLAN "trademant National Secretary of the Catholic Near East Welfare Association Assistant-Chancellor 2 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 3 SERVICES SUNDAYS ANNA S. BURKE Just One Block from the Cathedral Hair and Scalp Specialist for Low Masses-6, 7, 8, 9, 11:45 and Ladies and Gentlemen 12:45 o'clock. Swedlsh Method. No Washing. LYONS' Solemn Mass-10 o'clock. Over Twenty Years' Practice at This Address Solemn Vespers-Every Sunday 665 FIFTH AVENUE afternoon at 4 o'clock. At 53rd Street PLaza 3-2812 50th St. and 6th Ave. "Send for Booklet" -one door west HOLYDAYS Low Masses-6, 7, 7:30, 8, 8:30, 9, 11, 11:30, 12:15 and 12:55 o'clock. REgent 4-5404 JOHN J. LYONS WYNNE & TREANOR Solemn Mass-10 o'clock. Sea Food Market WEEK DAYS 712 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK New York's own former Secretary of the State Masses-7, 8, 8:30, 9, 12:15 May we recommend Deviled Crobs of New York carries on the old tradition of o'clock. prepared with our large lump Maryland Crob Meat which Jack's, Burns's, Murray's, Shanley's - those First Friday-6, 7, 7:30, 8, 8:30. we make up daily. 9, 12:15 o'clock. glorious rendezvous of yore. Confessions-Every day, after each Mass; Saturdays, the eves of EYE EXAMINATIONS festivals, and the first Thursday of Charcoal Broiled Steaks, Chops and Sea Food. each month, 4 to 10 p. m. Bringing back memories - when eating was a MISCELLANEOUS pleasure, not a habit. Where the old meets the Baptisms-Sundays after Vespers. new, where fragrant memories of an era gone, Other days by appointment. come back to spend their hour. Sick Calls-Attended any time of need. There should be no delay in Three registered optome- sending for the priest in case of trists having years of experi- serious illness. There is always ence are at your service, to give danger in delay. Besides, the visit you examination and advice. of the priest is frequently a great GLASSES at reasonable help towards cure, because of the prices. JACK LYONS' CHOP HOUSE effect of the Sacraments, and of the cheer of his presence. For con- ESTABLISHED 1892 50th Street and 6th Avenue venience, send sick calls as early in JOHN J. HOGAN, Inc. the day as possible. SIX EAST 34th STREET SPECIAL LUNCH-The Talk of Radio City "Marriages-By appointment. No- NEW YORK tice should be given three weeks in Telephone CAledonia 5-6774 advance, to allow time for calling Louis Merckling & Staff, Optomatrists of banns. 4 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 5 SOCIETIES WORTH New York's League of the Sacred Heart. Regu- SAVING FOR lar monthly meeting first Friday, Leading Catholic 8 p. m. Promoters' meeting third Funeral Home Sunday at 4 p. m. in the High School Auditorium. Spiritual Di- rector: The Reverend Robert E. "The Woods. St. Vincent de Paul Society. Mod- Abbey" erator: The Right Reverend Mon- signor Joseph F. Flannelly. 132 EAST 70th STREET Holy Name Society for men. Meets the Monday following the REgent 4-3500 Established 40 years first Sunday of each month at 9 p. m. in the Army and Navy Building, 462 JAMES A. McCABE Madison Avenue. Spiritual Direc- tor: The Reverend Michael J. Deacy. Managing Director Children of Mary Sodality and OLNY Roundtable meets twice a month at Cathedral High School. Spiritual Director: The Reverend William F. King. Distinguished by the Cathedral Branch of the New excellence of our per- York Public Library, 564 Lexington sonnel, location and Avenue, corner 50th Street. Here fine funeral service. can be obtained all the books that are flt to read. Society for the Propagation of the Funerals from your Faith. Spiritual Director: Reverend home, your church or EMIGRANT Thomas L. Graham. our beautiful chapel. INDUSTRIAL SAVINGS BANK FRIDAY UNTIL EXTRA HOURS Sunday School. Classes for all children who do not attend Catholic . P. M. Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (4) 47ml Street schools or high schools are con- Your inspection 51 Chambers Street 5 East 42nd Street ducted every Sunday morning at 10 invited o'clock by the faculty of Cathedral Regular deposits in a savings bank are the fightingest dollars in the world High School at 117 East 50th Street. THIS BANK a À MEMBER 07 THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 7 6 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN Cathedral Calendar for July. 1944 1. Saturday Feast of the Most Precious Blood. EVENTS OF THE MONTH 2. Sunday FIFTH AFTER PENTECOST.-Visitation - of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Shop 3. Monday St. Leo 11. July 23rd-8 A. M., Lady 4. Tuesday St. Bertha, W. Chapel- Society of St. 5. Wednesday St. Anthony Mary Zaccaria. Vincent de Paul. 6. Thursday St. Isales, Prophet. for today's 7, Friday SS. Cyril and Methodius, Bpp. CC. 8. Saturday St. Elizabeth of Portugal, Q. W. 9. Sunday SIXTH AFTER PENTECOST.-St. Veron- ica, V. busy women 10. Monday Seven Holy Brothers and Comp., MM. 11, Tuesday St. Pius I. 12. Wednesday St. John Gualbert, Ab. 13. Thursday St. Anacletus, P. M. 14. Friday St. Bonaventure, Bp. D. Bonwit Teller 15. Saturday St. Henry, K. C. 16. Sunday SEVENTH AFTER PENTECOST.-Our Lady of Mount Carmel. fin Acenue et Didh Street 17. Monday St. Alexius, C. 18. Tuesday St. Camillus de Lellis, C.F. 19. Wednesday St. Vincent de Paul, C. F. 20. Thursday St. Jerome Emiliani, C. F. 21. Friday St. Praxedes, V, 22. Saturday St. Mary Magdalene. Beautiful Hair! 23. Sunday EIGHTH AFTER PENTECOST.-St. Apol- linaris, Bp. M. Visit an Ogilvie Sisters' 24. Monday St. Christina, V. M. salon for a complimentary 25. Tuesday St. James the Greater, Ap. hair-beauty analysis! We'll 26. Wednesday St. Ann, Mother of Blessed Virgin Mary. 27. Thursday St. Pantaleon, M. give you a specialist's ad- 28. Friday SS. Nazarius and Celsus, MM. vice and show you the 29. Saturday St. Martha, V. right way to achieve truly 30. Sunday NINTH AFTER PENTECOST-SS. Ab- lovely hair! don and Sennen, MM. 31. Monday St. Ignatius Loyola, S.J., C. F. Ogiloix Sisters DR. H. B. CAINE, Surgeon Dentist HAIR SPECIALISTS 779 LEXINGTON AVENUE Between 60th-61st Streets Preparations at better drug, department stores Telephone REgent 4-3446 Hours: 9 a. m. to & P. m. Salons: 604 FIFTH AVENUE For Men-50 EAST 42nd STREET EVENINGS BY APPOINTMENT NEW YORK CITY 8 THE. CATHEDRAL BULLETIN The Cathedral Rectory 460 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 12, N.Y. Café TELEPHONE. PLAZA 3-226 July 1, 1944. prove ourselves ingrates and un- Louis MY DEAR PARISHIONERS: worthy of another favor from Since we last wrote to you, two Heaven if we neglect to thank major historical events occurred. God, every day that we live, for Rome was rescued from the domi- this great blessing. nation of the Nazi and "D" Day "D" DAY came. was anxiously awaited, deservedly ROME, NEW YORK'S SMART dreaded and yet, whole-heartedly FRENCH RESTAURANT scarcely scathed, delivered again welcomed by us and our Allies. to its rightful owners, with its Would that it had never been priceless treasures, is, as our necessary. But since unwanted There is no compliment more charming Archbishop said, a lasting trib- circumstances demanded it, we ute to the military ingenuity of than an invitation to Louis XIV hope that the sun of "D" Day General Clark's army and the will peacefully set upon a better where dining is ever a completely satis- armies of our Allies. And it is world, a healthier civilization and fying experience. also an indisputable proof of the a more Christlike Society of Na- power of prayer. Joining with tions. Luncheon prix fixe $1.50. Pre-theatre us Catholics were millions in We must not forget that "D" dinner (from 6 p. m.) from $2.00. Also other Religions, throughout the Day began but did not end on a la carte. William Adler and his Violin. world, who asked the God of June 6th. It will not end until Phone CIrcle 6-5800 for reservations. Abraham, Moses, Peter and Paul our arms have won the Victory, to save the Eternal City from the and the God-loving, God-fearing destructive hand of the pagan nations have established Peace JACQUES BONAUDI, Manager usurper. Particularly did we with Justice. That is the goal pray that the person of our Holy for which our warriors are fight- Father, the protector of all de- ing and dying. We would be un- 15 West 49th Street fenseless people, would be pro- faithful to them if we did not tected; that the Vicar of Christ work and pray for the same. We ROCKEFELLER CENTER on earth would not be defiled by will be traitors, unworthy of the un-Christian hands; that the cor- life of free men, if we do only nerstone of Society would not be our BIT. We must do our BEST. crushed. Our prayer was an- It was reassuring to know that swered, even beyond our most millions of Americans and Allies, sanguine expectations. We will Jews, Catholics and Protestants, THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 11 10 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN rushed to prayer as soon as the We beg Thee to have pity on all Invasion had been announced. who suffer, on all who are weak, STOP AT THE SIGN OF THE About 75,000 prayed in the Cathe- on all who are tempted to despair. dral, alone. It was inspiring to Faith is the master of fear. WHITE TURKEY read on the first page of every Faith is also the mother of free- newspaper in the country the dom. And in this fateful hour, Traditionally fine cuisine served in prayer offered by our President. we plead with Thee, 0 God, to be Until "D" Day has come to a per- our solace, our strength and our distinctive Early American atmosphere. fect ending, don't stop praying. Divine support. We pray that Cocktails. Open Sunday. Pray where you will. The best the lamp of our faith may light place is God's house. Pray when the Road to Victory and guide Madison Avenue at 37th Street you will. The best time is dur- peoples of the world to freedom 1 University Place at Washington Square ing the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. and peace. But do pray every day. Our boys God bless America with faith "over there" do not take a "day to preserve her freedom. God off." Pray the prayer you find bless her fighting men in this United States Patents and Trademarks most efficacious. The following critical hour of our nation's life. GEORGE A. SENIOR prayer was offered in the Cathe- God strengthen our valiant wives, dral on June 6th. It was com- mothers and fathers. God guard PATENT ATTORNEY 60 EAST 42nd STREET NEW YORK posed by Archbishop Spellman: our children and preserve to them Telephone MUrray Hill 2-2288 God of wisdom, comfort and the fruits of faith in freedom. strength, we come to Thee with "IN God WE TRUST" humble, contrite and suppliant hearts. On the battleflelds of the "D" Day proved that America world, our America fights for still trusts in God. Otherwise, faith and freedom. Like bril- why did we pray? "D" Day gave liantly burning lights our ideals the lie to the false prophets, blind march with our armed forces. leaders and hireling shepherds Our soldiers do not pray and who, for the past generation, fight for a selfish, cruel victory. have been trying to lead Ameri- MARTINJ.KENNEDY FOR Insurance They struggle, suffer and die for cans away from Americanism. a victory that is lasting peace, Most of these traitors are edu- We suffer with them; and we cators (God save the mark). pray that justice may give to They have attempted to deceive them strength and courage. In us into believing that the Ameri- ESTABLISHED 1916 our loneliness, sorrow and pain, can of the Twentieth Century we beg Thee, Almighty God, to must discard the Americanism of have mercy on those whom life Washington and Jefferson, Lin- NEW YORK CENTRAL BUILDING and death have separated from coln and Coolidge, who believed their loved ones. We beg Thee in God, trusted in God and were to help those who now have fear. sustained by God through holy 12 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 13 religion. In its stead they have The men and women of our offered a pagan system, if it could be called a system, which placed Armed Forces practice religion. Have they sub-average, childish A complete assortment of its store only in the material minds? things. They have declared that Summer dogma and creed were opiates, Marshall, MacArthur, Nimitz, Eisenhower, Halsey, Alexander, Fabrics-for Sport Coats and compounded by medieval minds, to render men unconscious of King, Clark, Montgomery and Sport Trousers. their proper place in this world. Cunningham - have they sub- Also delightfully cool Tropical Dedicated average, childish minds? They have ridiculed eternal, Worsteds. Made to order from The President of the United $115.00. to Friendliness unchanging principles before ado- lescent minds, and have advo- States practices religion and Ready to Wear prays publicly. Is his mind be- and Service cated license in whatever ap- low that of the average child? '75 pealed to the senses. They have We think that the Regents of substituted expediency for legal- THE the State of New York were re- ity. SHOTLAND AND miss when they hired Dr. Stod- WALDORF-ASTORIA RELIGION, A MYTH? dard. His book condemns the SHOTLAND INC. Park Avenue 49th to 50th New York Most unfortunately, our own author. His attempt at explana- Three blocks from St. Patrick's Calbedral tion is, to say the least, very Men's Tailors State of New York now has one such "educator" occupying the weak. Apologies from him would 574 Fifth Avenue New York very important post of Superin- be utterly worthless. The man tendent of Education. His name has at least one idea, and that a COLUMBIAN is Dr. George D. Stoddard. In most fundamental one, that is When ill consult your physician Summer High School his book, The Meaning of Intel- diametrically opposed to real for 189 East 76th Street, New York ligence, published this year, he Americanism. He would poison (Between Lexington and Third Avenues) BUtterfield 8-4455 dares to tell us Americans that the mind of every Jewish, Catho- prescriptions religion is, as Mr. George Sokol- lic and Protestant child that calvin berger Make-up courses in all High School Subjects. ADVANCE Courses sky expressed it, "The Bunk." would be confided to his care by chemists and apothecaries for those eligible. $15.00 a Subject their trusting parents. He would Sixth Avenue at 59th Street Dr. Stoddard says that "through- out the world of religion, a ma- teach them that Religion is only COlumbus 5-7295 Day or Evening Classes Write for Booklet "M" Rapid pick-up and delivery service ture intellect is expected to em- a myth. REGENTS EXAMS brace concepts and relationships The Greeks condemned Socra- AUGUST 23rd DR. H. E. MANTEL, Principal abhorrent to the inquiring mind tes to death because they said of an average child." he corrupted the youth. As a ALgonquin 4-1793 Classes start July 5th- Day Session 9-1 We wonder what Dr. Stoddard matter of fact he didn't and the Evening Session, 7-9:40 Greeks were wrong in their find- CHARLES T. HENRY CO-EDUCATIONAL thought of the countless demon- A CATHOLIC strations of religion on "D" Day. ings, but that is how seriously SUMMER HIGH SCHOOL LIGHTING Were they the babble and chat- they viewed the corruption of Approved by The Catholic School Board, N. Y. C. ter of children? We have never adolescent minds. State Board of Regents Board of Education, N. Y. C. seen men and women more seri- Sorry to say, there are hun- 114-116 EAST 13th STREET ous. dreds of "Stoddards" teaching in NEW YORK 14 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 15 the schools, high schools, col- New York 21. N. Y., will start Tel. PLase 8-0681 leges and universities of our classes July 5th. FAMOUS FOR POPOVERS PARC VENDOME Land. All are agents of destruc- This Co-educational Summer tion to real Americanism. How Grocery and Delicatessen High School is registered by the RESTAURANT Frosted Food long will they abuse our patience? New York State Board of Regents Fruits and Vegetobles When will our patience be ex- and approved by the Board of Drury Lane Cigars and Cigarettes hausted? Millions of real Ameri- PROMPT SERVICE Education of New York City and Bast 49 PARK MADISON AVE Regional American Dishes can young men are risking their 623 LEXINGTON AVENUE by the Catholic School Board. An Excellent Bar (Between 53rd and 54th Streets) lives on the battlefields and Archdiocese of New York. oceans to rid Europe and Asia of It is planned to meet the needs the plague of materialism. And of: SUNDAY BRUNCH NOON UNTIL 4 when they come back home are Repeating pupils who desire to they and their children expected make up deficiencies in certain to embrace, or at least close their subjects. Advance pupils who Phone CAledonia 5-3607 eyes to, the same evil here? Our wish to advance one term in regu- ESTABLISHED 1879 boys are not fighting for Europe lar school work. CHAS. HOENNINGER, Inc. or Asia. They are fighting to Special students who desire to JEWELERS stamp out that pest lest it might 519 Third Avenue, New York pass Regents or other examina- Near 35th Street spread here. Therefore, while tions. RELIABLE REPAIRING AND REMOUNTING they are away fighting for us, we College Entrance-Those stu- Estimates and Designs Purnished have a bounden duty to keep this dents who wish to make up work The Store with a Reputation Nation American for them. To do You Can Buy Here with Confidence for admission to college. this, it is of primary importance Regents examinations will be to keep our educational system given at this school on August American. The school is the 23rd. Standings earned in exam- That great electrical genius, Stein- fountain head. If it is polluted. metz, the wizard of Breslau, once inations given in August may be said that the most important ad- the streams running down every applied toward a Regents aca- vances in human knowledge during avenue of life will all be poisoned. demic or College Entrance di- the next half century would be in the It remains for those who support ploma. City wide examinations realm of the spiritual. Steinmetz be- our institutions of learning to de- in non-Regents subjects will be lieved that the tame intelligence MEMORIALSby mand that they be purged of un- which had produced marvelous ma- given on August 22nd. The pass- chines would be directed to produce American teachers. The bene- ing mark is 65 per cent for ad- marvelous men men who would PRESBREY-LELAND factors, the parents, the public vance or repeat subjects. know God better, men who could officials, and, in the case of state enunciate the whole law of Divine schools, the voters must awake CATHOLIC EDUCATION 681FIFTHAVE-NEWYORK guidance, men who could live be- to their patriotic duty of ridding is foremost in our mind today. cause they could really pray. If this EXHIBITS AT WOODIAWN great dream of Steinmetz is to be- them of the "Stoddards." Let me close by reminding par- come a reality, it must come through AND KENSICO BRANCHES ents that they should determine the medium of deeper, richer, and SUMMER SCHOOL at this season of the year to what more intelligent prayer. How well ILLVSTRATED BOOKLET The Columbian Summer High schools their children will go in do you pray?-Mildred L King, in School at 189 East 76th Street, the Fall. Do not wait until the "The Torch." 16 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 17 last minute to make such an im- INSPIRING SAINTS FOR FOR AN IDEAL GIFT portant decision. We remind you again that God gave your THE MONTH HANAN LINEN SHOP 60 WEST 50th STREET, Rockefeller Center children a triple birthright-He Telephone Circle 6-2757 Open 9:30 A. M. to 10:30 P. M. wants them to have a physical, JULY 10TH HANDKERCHIEFS AND LINENS-Exquisitely different, from all parts of the an intellectual and a moral de- THE SEVEN HOLY BROTHERS world. Prices exceptionally reasonable. INFANTS' AND CHILDREN'S WEAR-A complete and beautiful selection. velopment. It is your serious THE illustrious martyrdom of obligation to provide these devel- these Saints happened at Rome, opments, and they can be ac- under the Emperor Antoninus. quired only in a Catholic school. The seven brothers were the sons GEORGE H. SHAFFER'S MARKET, INC. Sincerely yours, of St. Felicitas, a noble, pious, 673 MADISON AVENUE REgent 4-6240 New York, N. Y. Established 1886 Christian widow in Rome, who, JOSEPH F. FLANNELLY, Purveyors of the Highest Quality Food Products after the death of her husband, Administrator. Fruit Baskets of All Descriptions Made up on Short Notice and Sent served God in a state of conti- Wherever Directed nency and employed herself Price $5.00 up wholly in prayer, fasting, and Agents for the Famous S. S. Pierce Company-Boston Groceries Daily Suburban and Long Island Deliveries Direct to Your Door by Auto Express Defense of the Church.-We works of charity. By the pub- lic and edifying example of this may not be called on to de- lady and her whole family many fend the temporal rights of the Phone VOlunteer 5-2290 idolaters were moved to renounce Church, but we, ought to be DR. I. F. RELKIN the worship of their false gods, valiant defenders of Catholic SURGEON DENTIST and to embrace the Faith of doctrine, studying it with affec- Christ. This excited the anger of 1108 SECOND AVENUE, Bet. 58th and 59th Streets, NEW YORK Open Daily Until 8 P. M. Sunday by Appointment tion in order to answer when the heathen priests, who com- attacked, or to impart it to plained to the emperor that the souls who come for instruction. boldness with which Felicitas CHURCH OF ST. JEAN BAPTISTE, Lexington Avenue and 76th Street, New York 1892 - ANNUAL NOVENA TO ST. ANN 1944 publicly practiced the Christian From July 17th to July 26th. Every day during the Novena, 5:30, 6. 6:30. 7, 7:30, & 8:30 and 9 4. m. Masses. Blessed Sacrament. religion drew many from the Mass of the Novena, followed by the prayers of the The Relle of St. Ann is exposed to the veneration Novena at the shrine of St. Ann. worship of the immortal gods, of the Faithful and applied to the sick from 8 a. m. 4:15 p. m., Recitation of the Rosary followed. for to 9 & m. Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament. July 26th. Teast of St. Ann. Massee will be said GARDEN who were the guardians and pro- # a m., Prayers of the Novena, Benediction of the at 5:30. 6. 7. 8. 9, 10, 11 o'clock. DINING tectors of the empire, and that, This year is the 52nd anniversary of the Advent of Good St. Ann's Relic. Country in order to appease these false Town 60 EAST RESTAURANT 49TH N.Y.C. gods, it was necessary to com- pel this lady and her children to MAISON MAURICE RAVIOL sacrifice to them. Publius, the French Table d'Hôte of Distinction prefect of Rome, caused the LUNCHEON, 75c up DINNER, $1.25 up LUNCHEON from PM mother and her sons to be ap- DINNE from up Come in and admire the murals of the DRUBY LANE MANAGEMENT AN EXCELLENT BAR prehended and brought before French Pavilion of the N. Y. World's Fair hands. him, and, addressing her, said, 3 EAST 48th STREET FAMOUS FOR POPOVERS "Take pity on your children, AIR CONDITIONED PLaza 3-1806 Felicitas; they are in the bloom 18 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 19 of youth, and may aspire to the to adore the gods. His arguments greatest honors and preferments." and threats were equally in vain, The holy mother answered, "Your and the brothers were condemned pity is really impiety, and the to be scourged. After being compassion to which you exhort whipped, they were remanded to THE FISHERY me would make me the most prison, and the prefect despair- cruel of mothers." Then turn- ing to overcome their resolution, ing herself towards her children, laid the whole process before the A Restaurant of Distinction she said to them, "My sons, look emperor. Antoninus gave an or- up to heaven, where Jesus Christ der that they should be sent to 2 WEST 46th STREET AT FIFTH AVENUE BRyant 9-0081 with His Saints expects you. Be different judges, and be con- faithful in His love, and fight demned to different deaths. Janu- courageously for your souls." arius was scourged to death with Cordially invites you to partake of the finest Publius, being exasperated at whips loaded with plummets of Sea Food served in this new establishment where this behavior, commanded her to lead. The two next. Felix and be cruelly buffeted; he then Philip, were beaten with clubs the atmosphere and service is on a par with the called the children to him one till they expired. Sylvanus, the excellent food. after another, and used many fourth, was thrown headlong artful speeches, mingling prom- down a steep precipice. The It is a short walk from the Cathedral and ises with threats to induce them three youngest, Alexander, Vita- is easily reached by uptown and downtown residents via the Fifth Avenue Bus. MAISON LOUIS We specialize in Sea Food prepared to order 108 West 49th Street and we serve the best and finest Shore Dinner (formerly at 67 West 52nd Street) in town. Famous Prench- American Cul- sine for the Last Twenty Years. We know that after you visit us you will enjoy Full Course Luncheon, 55e the food, the place and the service sufficiently and up Dinners: $1.10, $1.40 to recommend us to your friends. Music Entertainment Nightly In Fish Dinners - Luncheons - Shore Dinners Lounge No Cover nor Minimum Buffet Table Luncheons, 75 Cents up - Dinners $1.35 and up Accommodation for Banquets and Parties- 500 Capacity, CLOSED SUNDAYS Open Sunday LOngaere 5-0997 20 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 21 lis, and Martialis, were beheaded, charity. His special love was for and the same sentence was exe- the deserted orphan children cuted upon the mother. whom, in the times of the plague and famine, he found wandering ESTABLISHED 1853 JULY 20TH in the streets. He took them ST. JEROME EMILIANI home, clothed and fed them, and ST. JEROME EMILIANI was a taught them the Christian truths. member of one of the patrician From Venice he passed to Padua families of Venice, and, like many and Verona, and in a few years Corn Exchange Bank other Saints, in early life a sol- had founded orphanages through dier. He was appointed governor Northern Italy. Some pious cler- of a fortress among the moun- ics and laymen, who had been his Trust Company tains of Treviso, and whilst fellow-workers, fixed their abode bravely defending his post, was in one of these establishments, made prisoner by the enemy. In and devoted themselves to the the misery of his dungeon he in- cause of education. The Saint TRUST SERVICE voked the great Mother of God, drew up for them a rule of life, and promised, if she would set and thus was founded the Con- him free, to lead a new and a bet- gregation, which still exists, of ter life. Our Lady appeared, the Clerks Regular of Somascha. broke his fetters and led him St. Jerome died February 8, 1537. The advantage of a corporate executor forth through the midst of his enemies. At Treviso he hung up JULY 25TH or trustee is well recognized. his chains at her altar, dedicated ST. JAMES, APOSTLE himself to her service, and on AMONG the twelve, three were Permanency and years of experience reaching his home at Venice de- voted himself to a life of active chosen as the familiar compan- prove most valuable in solving problems ions of our blessed Lord, and of these James was one. He alone, arising in the administration of an estate Luncheon 11 to 2:30 with Peter and John, was admit- or trust. Dinner $ to 7:45 P. M. ted to the house of Jairus when the dead maiden was raised to We Serve a Good Variety of Fresh Vegetables, Home-made Pies life. They alone were taken up The officers of our branches will be glad to the high mountain apart, and Eugenia Allen saw the face of Jesus shining as to discuss trust service with you. Cafeteria the sun, and His garments white at snow; and these three alone AT RADIO CITY witnessed the fearful agony in Gethsemane. What was it that Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 8 WEST 49TH STREET, N. Y. C. won James a place among the BRyant 9-0461 favorite three? Faith, burning, impetuous, and outspoken, but 22 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN 23 which needed purifying before St. Peter, or his disciples, in the CONQUEST OF FEAR Mortification.-Mortification is the "Son of Thunder" could pro- most perfect maxims of our holy self denial, and its practice claim the gospel of peace. It was faith. Nazarius embraced it with I N a recent Catholic Hour broad- should be something for any and James who demanded fire from so much ardor that he copied in cast, the Rev. John Carter every day. heaven to consume the inhospita- his life all the great virtues he Smyth, C.S.P., reminded us that ble Samaritans, and who sought saw in his teachers; and out of the Christian faith of a man and Perfection.- He who would the place of honor by Christ in zeal for the salvation of others, the spiritual resources that it reach that perfection which His kingdom. Yet our Lord, in re- he left Rome, his native city, and provides are the dynamic forces should be his, let him think of buking his presumption, prophe- preached the Faith in many places that empower him to hold in sub- the particular judgment. sied his faithfulness to death. with a fervor and disinterested- jection the fears a dangerous When St. James was brought be- ness becoming a disciple of the world may provoke-fear of oth- Uprightness.-We are called to fore King Herod Agrippa, his apostles. Arriving at Milan, he ers, fear of himself, fear of suf- a goodness of soul and shall we fearless confession of Jesus cru- was there beheaded for the Faith, fering and of poverty, fear of be more or less slaves to imper- cified so moved the public prose- together with Celsus, a youth sickness and of death. "All fection? cutor that he declared himself a whom he carried with him to as- life," he declared, "is a battle be- Christian on the spot. Accused sist him in his travels. These tween good and evil, and the con- Confession. Confession is a and accuser were hurried off to- martyrs suffered soon after Nero flict does not end until we are source of happiness, for being at gether to execution. and on the had raised the first persecution. done with life itself. But it means peace with God brings a peace to road the latter begged pardon of Their bodies were buried sepa- much to us in power and and en- self. the Saint. The apostle had long rately in a garden without the durance if we know that we bat- since forgiven him, but hesitated city, where they were discovered tle for truth and righteousness. for a moment whether publicly and taken up by St. Ambrose, in And when we believe these shall to accept as a brother one still 395. In the tomb of St. Nazarius, prevail in and through us, in this unbaptized. God quickly recalled a vial of the Saint's blood was world, we can look upon the to him the Church's faith, that found as fresh and red as if it wounds we suffer with patient Variety the blood of martyrdom supplies had been spilt that day. The endurance. This is the Chris- for every sacrament, and, falling THE GREATEST faithful stained handkerchiefs tian's faith; this is his armor in VARIETY OF GOOD on his companion's neck, he em- with some drops, and also formed an evil day. He does not look FOOD IS FOUND braced him, with the words, a certain paste with it, a portion for an untroubled life. He does HERE. FOR JADED APPETITES TRY "Peace be with thee. Together of which St. Ambrose sent to St. not dodge the truth. He expects CARUSO'S TO- then they knelt for the sword and DAY. Gaudentius, Bishop of Brescia. St. conflict and suffering. But he re- together received the crown. Ambrose conveyed the bodies of members the assurances of the FAMOUS FOR the two martyrs into the new Saviour: 'Be of good heart.' 'I Chicken and Spa- JULY 28TH ghetti. Popular price church of the apostles, which he have overcome the world." club luncheon and SS. NAZARIUS AND CELSUS, dinner. MARTYRS had just built. A woman was delivered of an evil spirit in their ST. NAZARIUS'S father was a presence. St. Ambrose sent some heathen, and held a considerable Joy. The daily practice of of these relics to St. Paulinus of putting joy into one's way of post in the Roman army. His Nola, who received them with living can be the remedy in the mother, Perpetua, was a zealous great respect, as a most valuable getting rid of depression and Christian, and was instructed by 125 West 45th Street 42 West 33rd Street present, as he testifies. ill-temper. 230 West 14th Street 19 East 59th Street Newark-124 Market Street 24 THE CATHEDRAL BULLETIN AGENTS V ERY naturally agents for books, 1847 1944 tion were so worthy, that it was magazines, periodicals, etc., of practically impossible to discrimi- a religious nature canvass among nate between them. To send them the people of the Cathedra: district, all with commendation would be for the purpose of distributing their to impose upon you a burden that 97 Years of Service wares. Frequently, the agents in would soon become intolerable. question are reputable, and what Consequently, until we find some they offer for sale is well worth the wiser course to pursue, you will FOR 97 years the Society of St. Vincent de Paul has been serving price. Sometimes, however, these know that anyone who says he has the poor of New York City. Quietly, constantly, effectively, 75,000 agents say that they have the ap- such commendation for the articles proval and the commendation of the St. Vincent de Paul men have visited and assisted families where pov- he is selling is not acting in good Administrator of the Cathedral for faith, and is, therefore not deserv- crty, sickness and death have brought distress. Through its Special the vending of their wares. This ing of your patronage. This must Works Committees the members of the Society visit weekly the aged statement, if made, will not-at least not mean, of course, that you are and sick poor in homes and hospitals and the inmates of prisons. until further notice-be true. Such not at perfect liberty to use your commendation was given two or own judgment with regard to the SINCE the founding of the St. Vincent de Paul Convalescent Home three times to very desirable ob- value of any articles presented to jects. But the number who applied and Summer Camp in 1899, the Society has been privileged to provide you, provided no false commenda- for it immedately thereafter was convalescent care for 30,560 women and a two weeks vacation in the tion be urged as a reason for your very great, and the articles in ques- procuring it. country for 77,672 children. LOST AND FOUND ALL this has been possible because of the generosity of our bene- 1. FOUND articles should be But we must look facts in the factors. handed at once to the Verger, at face. Our own people are abso- his desk, near the bookrack. lutely, and in every respect, trust- THE need is just as pressing today as ever. To continue this worthy 2. Lost articles may be ob- worthy. But a church like the work we again appeal to you for support. tained by application to the Ver- Cathedral is likely at any time ger at the same place. to be infested by thieves who SEND your contribution to- 3. Please do not leave furs, hope for booty through the sim- reticules, umbrellas, purses, etc., ple confidence of the people. We in the pews, unless in custody of do everything in our power to someone whom you know. Society of St. Vincent de Paul prevent this, but we can eradicate This may seem a strange warn- it only with your intelligent and Manhatton Office: Bronx Office: ing to utter in the House of God. constant co-operation. 289 FOURTH AVENUE 3430 THIRD AVENUE New York 10, N. Y. Bronx 56, N. Y. Published once a month, For Advertising rates address the Business Office, Room 513, 7 East 42nd Street, New York 17, N. Y. Telephone MUrray Hill 2-4196 PST CATHEDRAL FUNERAL DIRECTOR FOR St. Patrick's Cathedral OWEN J. McCORMACK Successor to BRADY & McCORMACK INCORPORATED Licensed Undertaker Reposing Parlors Home Atmosphere Personal Service Distinctive and Dignified Funerals at Moderate Cost , 65 EAST 52ND STREET NEW YORK CITY Reposing Parlors Are Located Two Blocks From the Cathedral NO BRANCHES Phone PLaza 3 { 1383 9368 } Service any distance any hour OWEN J. McCORMACK, Sexton #1 PSF Spellman folder 4-44 THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF WASHINGTON 13 July 1944 MEMORANDUM FOR ADMIRAL LEAHY: The enclosed memorandum for the President in connection with Arch- bishop Spellman's remarks on the military control of Rome has been prepared by the Joint Strategic Survey Committee. It is forwarded in response to your request of 11 July. Wirland McFARLAND To miss Tully WSL. DRAFT MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT In connection with Archbishop Spellman's remarks on the use of Rome and its facilities by the Allied forces in Italy, the situation presently is as follows: General Wilson has laid down a policy that Allied troops stationed in Rome will be kept strictly to & minimum number although he does plan to set up rest camps near Rome and to use the facili- ties of the city for relaxation purposes. This plan isalready in operation to some extent and troops are brought into the city in the morning in trucks and returned to camps outside the city in the evening. It 1s the feeling of the Joint Chiefs of Staff that this is an excellent idea and that those allied soldiers who have fought to liberate Rome should be given an opportunity of visiting the wonders of the city of which they have read and heard. So far as is known here, the only important military installa- tion which it is intended to establish in Rome 1s the administrative echelon of General Alexander's headquarters for the Allied Armies in Italy. This decision was reached because of the excellent communi- cations facilities available in the Air Ministry building which enabled the headquarters to move out of Caserta and begin functioning in the new location without the delay attendant upon setting up a com- plete signal installation. The tactical echelon of these headquarters is established north of Rome and it is intended that the administrative echelon will be moved to the north as the fighting shifts further in that direction. Thus the use of the Air Ministry facilities in Rome may be regarded as temporary in nature. If you desire to comment on His Excellency's remarks, he might be assured that the Theater Commander has stated his firm intention of holding Allied military installations in Rome to the minimum, con- sistent with expeditiously and efficiently getting on with the war and that Allied soldiers permitted to visit Rome are quartered outside the city in rest camps established for that purpose. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 11, 1944. MEMORANDUM FOR ADMIRAL LEAHY: FOR PREPARATION OF A MEMO- RANDUM ON THIS. F.D.R. (3243) hms spellman fredu 4-44 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 11, 1944. MEMORANDUM FOR ADMIRAL LEAHY: FOR PREPARATION OF A MEMO- RANDUM ON THIS. F.D.R. Memorandum for the President from Miss Tully, 7/10/44, in re her talk with Archbishop Spellman in re desire of the Pope to have the Archbishop come to Rome to discuss, among other things, the military control of Rome. Mants to know 0 if the President has any comment to make on this situation which the Archbishop could x convey to His Holiness. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 10, 1944. MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT: I spoke with Archbishop Spellman today and he has a feeling that His Holiness wants him to come to Rome to discuss, among other things, the military control of Rome. The Archbishop thinks His Holiness feels that as the latter used all the arguments we gave him to the Germans in order to have them move out and declare Rome an open city, that it would be very helpful if we could take our military installations out of Rome and just leave the civil affairs govern- ment people to carry on. Of course, the Archbishop says he realizes some troops would have to re- main there to keep law and order and soldiers could take their furloughs in Rome, but he feels the bulk of the Army perhaps could be moved out of Rome. The military authorities there, I believe, have assured the Holy Father they could take care of any German planes coming over, but the Archbishop says it 1s just the principle of the thing that is 1m- portant. Have you any comment to make on this situation which His Excellency could convey to His Holiness? GGT COPY fill mal sent Spellinm DRAFT MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT In connection with Archbishop Spellman's remarks on the use of Rome and its facilities by the Allied forces in Italy, the situation presently is as follows: General Wilson has laid down a policy that Allied troops stationed in Rome will be kept strictly to a minimum number although he does plan to set up rest camps near Rome and to use the facilities of the city for relaxation purposes. This plan is already in operation to some extent and troops are brought into the city in the morning in trucks and returned to camps outside the city in the evening. It is the feeling of the Joint Chiefs of Staff that this is an excellent idea and that those allied soldiers who have fought to liberate Rome should be given an opportunity of visiting the wonders of the city of which they have read and heard. So far as is known here, the only important military installation which it is intended to establish in Rome is the administrative echelon of General Alexander's headquarters for the Allied Armies in Italy. This decision was reached because of the excellent communications facilities available in the Air Ministry building which enabled the headquarters to move out of Caserta and begin functioning in the new location without the delay attendant upon setting up a complete signal installation. The tactical echelon of these headquarters is established north of Rome and it is intended that the admin- istrative schelon will be moved to the north as the fighting shifts further in that direction. Thus the use of the Air Ministry facilities in Rome may be regarded as temporary in nature. If you desire to comment on His Excellency's remarks, he might be as- sured that the Theater Commander has stated his firm intention of holding Allied military installations in Rome to the minimum, consistent with expe- ditiously and efficiently getting on with the war and that Allied soldiers permitted to visit Rome are quartered outside the city in rest camps estab- lished for that purpose. 1 spillman freder, -4V PSF THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 27, 1944 MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT. Don't you think it would be a good idea if you could ask Archbishop Spellman to come down to have lunch with you. I understand that he is abroad, but of course he could be asked to come baok earlier than originally intended. My idea would be that after lunch he might make some statement which would be very help- ful in New York City. fin S. I. R. PSF speciman 4-44 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON filgersmed October 10, 1944 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT I understand that Archbishop Spellman is on his way back to this country. I think it would be advisable if, on his return, he had an "on the record" visit with you. I also think it might be advisable to have a picture of you and the Archbishop together. I feel that just his presence in Washington and his picture with you would alleviate some- what the situation that now exists in New York State. J. JAMES N. BARNES PSF spellman focder 4-44 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 18, 1944. MEMORANDUM FOR H.L.H. His Excellency asks me to send you the following: "One ton of fertilizer now would save seven tons of shipping supplies for food later on. More than half million tons of fertilizer are available in Tunisia. If the Allied Governments would allocate 10 LST ships now in ports of the Medi- terranean --- not being used -- they could bring fertilizer from Africa, coal from Sardinia and foodstuff from the coastal ports of liberated Italy." G.G.T. spellman polder 4-44 Spellmen PSF 1 I have just returned from Europe where I visited our soldiers who are fighting and not brutally to kill and to enslave, but to achieve that men may live once more as men and not as wolves; for America fights not for earthly gain but for the liberty of men and of nations. The goal for which we fight is something beyond the defeating of an enemy, it is for peace both among men and among nations. In our own United States there is a feeling of human brotherhood which exerts an influence in civil life and in daily habits. This spirit is the support of our whole political structure and the cohesive force of its integrity and endurance. I have come back from Europe where I have seen and known many of our soldiers. They are strong, serene and brave. They longed for news from home and they longed that news of them be given to their mothers, wives and children. Never more than in these circumstances when I am with soldiers do I feel myself to be a minister of God and servant of men. Never more am I inspired to be a follower of Christ and a brother to my fellow man than in these missions of peace in the midst of war, On these journies which in some way, be it ever 80 small, link America with her sons at war in distant lands. P/Nev Never in modern time have we Americans experienced what the actual presence of war means to a country and God grant that never again shall we have these experiences. We have had our losses and they have been great and grievous, irretrievable losses of the flower of our youth. But by their sacrifices and the sacrifices of those who loved them our country and our homes have been preserved and are 2 in fact. all the more deeply are we moved to be grateful to Almighty God and to those of our sons and brothers who have offered the supreme sacrifices of life and sacrifices of health and limbs that never shall America bear in her own body the awful scourge of war's destruction. But what has happened in other countries that have been visited with war's savage brutality should make us deeply conscious of what might have been our own plight if we were not victorious in war. This war has sowed more destruction than was ever caused in Europe's barbarian invasions of the Dark Ages. For in a few months the heritage of centuries has been destroyed, a heritage not alone in material achievement but a heritage in moral values. Every nation, great and small, has its greatness and its glory. Every nation has its role in history and its destiny and the phrase "peace-loving nations", great and small, has become almost a sanctified expression and a beacon of hope to all peoples that have been grounded under the chariot of war. Every nation has been mother and father to America: for America is the whole world in less space, with men and women of all nations numbered among her sons. At this time I wish to speak of conditions in Italy. I need not recall that millions of Italians form a part of our people and that they are today true Americans, even though they came over to this country on the Lusitania or the Roma and not on the Mayflower. However, allow me to recognize their patriotism in this hour which is so tragic for Italy, that is, at a time when Italy's imprudent and impudent rulers involved their country in a war against America and instigated their men to a provocation that was both foolish and wicked. We who are blessed with freedom will never be able to 3 realize the national tragedy of the Italians who were obliged to accept a war which they detested. The Italians were wedged between a force that compelled them to fight and a longing that urged them to join us. They found themselves in the distressing position of having to wish for Italy's defeat in a war they did not wish to fight. Now the Americans of Italian origin and descent did not hesitate to take up arms against their own brothers and their cities. The terrible consequences of Italy's irresponsible act is now apparent in all its gravity. Mountain caves have become hiding places for those who flee, roads have been torn up and mined, the drainage systems of swamp lands destroyed with a consequent return of malaria. Every energy that is necessary to life is lacking. Not a single railroad remains in order, not a train or means for travel or transport is functioning except for military uses. Flocks have been stolen and massacred, and men like herds of cattle, have been deported and families have been torn apart forever. This is the Italy of today. Entire cities and towns have been reduced to rubble and ashes; churches and famous monuments are in ruins, whole regions have been mined, factories have been destroyed or sacked of every machine. There is a scarcity of the most indispensable objects, a lack of medicines and above all an extreme lack of food. Italy belongs to Italians but it also belongs to the whole civilized world; and if today America is in the first ranks in the struggle for civilization, we Americans must feel that Italy is ours, because it belongs to civilization. If Italy be abandoned to destruction, a part and a great part of all that renders beautiful the history of mankind, will go into decay. Can we permit it, can we be indifferent? 4 I do not believe that America will permit, nor even for her own interest should permit, Italy to become a land of beggars, a land of starving and desperate people or a land of slaves. If in driving the wolves from their hiding places we were obliged to damage homes and churches, we must show the world that we wished to destroy the wolves and not the flock, and that it was not without sorrow that we destroyed entire cities and towns. We must show that we are not heartless destroyers but intrepid liberators. Those who have seen Italy lying in ruins and blood from south to north, those who have seen its overturned cities, its crumbled glorious monuments, its homeless, shelterless. starving, sick and dying people, can forget the picture or remembering it remain heart hardened or dry-eyed. Let me now become specific and factual and let instances form for you the picture of Italy today, and let you imagine the Italy of tomorrow unless We implement our words and promises with acts. a BRIEF DIGEST of the ECONOMIC SITUATION IN ITALY OCTOBER 1944 The various Allied Missions which have come to Italy since the invasion to diagnose and treat the social and economic dislocations of a conquered nation have had a surplus of technical advice but a scarcity of constructive action. In more than a year of occupation the Allied Govern- ments' blue-prints for helping to rebuild the initiative and independence of a battered and broken nation are still in the talking and testing stage but the words are beginning to lose their meaning for the Italian people. Italy as a proving-ground of Allied techniques of liberation has become a land of the hungry and the hopeless. The lack of an over-all policy, the failure to phase and implement a clear-cut program to bind Italy's economic and social wounds has produced a cleavage between the Allied liberators and the Italian people that widens daily. The Allied Control Commission appears to have succumbed to the bureaucratic blight that it came to cure. Competent and dispassionate observers on the Italian scene appraise the Allied occupation in terms of Britain's post-hostility plans to dominate the Mediterraneen. I do not think that a powerful Britain needs a prostrate Italy to achieve that destiny and allow her traditional aspirations in the Mediterranean to prevail. Many sincere and forward-looking Italians are accepting reluctantly the conviction that the muddled policy and meager performance of Allied Control are deliberate. Millions of Italians on the bottom are bewildered and bitter about the many unfulfilled promises that in the early days of occupation encouraged and solidified their support of the liberators. - 1 - The Italian occupation is not a balanced Anglo-American effort. In the men who control policy, the weight is British. In the supplies that flow to the Armies and civilians, the bulk is American. An analysis of the top-ranking officers in the Mediterranean Theatre Command, whether dealing with tactical military operations or civilian administration, strengthens the assumption that Italy is to become a British sphere of influence. An audit of the military equipment, foodstuffs, medicines, and other supplies off-loaded in Italy since the invasion are in great measure the product of America's industrial and agricultural plant but the channels of distribution are in greater measure under British guidance. The United States faces a decision of immediate and long-term consequence in relation to Italy. Three vital considerations are basic to that far-reaching decision. First, in accepting the humanitarian responsi- bilities of a world leader will the United States create and implement a program for alleviating impending starvation and economic prostration of a vanquished and penitent people in the family of nations. Secondly, will the United States be satisfied to become a minor partner in the Mediterranean and sanction the present static and unproductive type of control that appears to suppress Italian initiative and advance the Imperial reach and weakening reprisals of Great Britain. Thirdly, in paying lip service to the Atlantic Charter while abandoning Italy to civil disorders and famine, will the United States fail to realize that such an action will permit the rise and return of the totalitarian forces opposed irrevocably to the safeguards that democracy demands for humanity and the individual. - 2 - The economic devastation in Italy caused by Fascist misrule, German sabotage, and defeat in the war is almost total. Few people outside of Italy and even the the Italians themselves can conceive the death-blow that has been dealt the Italian economy. The wanton scorched-earth tactics of the German Army have caused one of the greatest tragedies of this war. Deliberate mining of the power and industrial plants, bombing of bridges and strategic rail- centers, systematic flooding of vast land reclamation projects, expert demolition of port facilities and communications, the looting and leveling of homes have set Italy back half a century. The reduction in the quantity and quality of the national diet leaves in its wake widespread malnutrition, disease, and moral degeneration. The in- vasion of hunger has taken a heavy toll in juvenile delinquency, prostitution and infant mortality. Information from an official Allied source revealed recently that thousands of minor girls between the ages of 10 and 12 were being treated in Naples hospitals for diseases that came from selling their bodies for bread. The answer to most of Italy's human needs is more food. Top-priority in Italy's economics requirements goes to transportation. Most of the Italian main railway lines were electrified. The systematic demolition of railroad bridges, road beds, and marshalling yards has curtailed traffic movements drastically. Even in the restoration of key railway lines, military freight requirements have absorbed practically the entire railway transport. A half dozen locomotives from North Africa would improve the internal transport picture immeasurably. At present there is a need for an estimated 5,000 trucks. This will have to be doubled to meet minimum transportation needs when all of Italy is liberated. Presently there are many hundreds of Italian - 3 - civilian and military trucks now idle which could be used if spare parts and tires were imported. As military requirements lessen, the civilian truck needs could be supplied from excess military equipment. Here again there are many hundreds of military trucks awaiting repairs deadlined in military parking areas. The efforts of the Allied Control Commission in endeavoring to have the Theatre Command release certain military vehicles have been partially successful, and your announcement that 1700 trucks are to be made available is heartening. Action 1s required immediately, however, if we hope to smash the transportation bottlenecks and avert penic shortages in certain deficit areas this coming winter. Italy in its best years has been a grain-deficit nation. Normally 45 million Italians would require in excess of 8 million tons of wheat a year. Peak harvest years netted approximately 72 million tons and somewhere between 600,000 to 800,000 tons of wheat had to be imported. Many difficulties have been encountered in the grain amassing program. Much hoarding has taken place by farmers who have little confidence in the lire and would rather use their wheat for barter purposes. The root economic difficulty in Italy's comeback is "The Poor Earth". It does not yield enough raw materials and it does not yield sufficient food crops without considerable stimulation by fertilizers. Pre-war Italy had to import one million tons of coal per month--almost 100 per cent of her liquid fuels, and over one-third of her ferrous metals. The electric situation in liberated Italy 16 desperate. Ninety per cent of Italy's industrial production depended upon electric power which was concentrated in the north. The installed capacity of Italy's electric - 4 - power was 5,250,000 kilowatts. Seventy-five per cent of that installed capacity is above the Pisa-Rimini line. Present reports indicate that it is undergoing the same ruthless demolition when the Nazis evacuate as in central and southern Italy. Approximately one million kilowatts below the Pisa-Rimini line were all but annihilated. Only six per cent of central Italy's industrial capacity 18 operating. Over 60 per cent of southern Italy's capacity was put out of action. Emergency power equipment will have to be imported, but it is just as imperative to expedite the procurement of machinery for winding armatures and repairing dynamoes. In liberated Italy over 50 per of the hydro-electric stations were totally destroyed. The Italian State budget is 82 per cent unbalanced, with an over-all deficit of 650 billion lire. Deficit financing for 1944 and 1945 will be required to carry out commitments of the Italian government to the extent of 82 lire out of every 100. The system of domestic revenue and taxation 16 archaic and ineffective. The Italian government might be encouraged to launch a low-interest, long-term "Reconstruction Loan Drive" for building her way into the peace. An intensive Peace Loan Campaign similar to our War Bond Drives could help to refinance the public debt, could blotter up excessive currency, and gain popular support to initiate public works, repair reads and bridges, reclaim land for farming, restore homes and buildings, selecting projects have minimum requirements of critical material and employing a maximum amount of manpower. This type of "Rebuild Italy" bond could be one of the best stimulants toward reviving the domestic economy and stemming inflation. Twenty-two years of Fascist domination and the war years under the Nazi heel have left the Italian people discouraged, cynical, confused. Their - 5 - total defeat by the Allies and the terms of the Armistice, which though un- revealed are believed to be far more stringent than those accorded by Russia to Roumania and Finland, have been responsible in great part for the emergence of many political federations. Most of them are born of desperation, expousing impractical alms and generating unhealthy class conflicts. There are six parties in the government, but it 1s estimated that there are 63 other parties in liberated Italy and approximately 45 in enemy-occupied Italy. The Italian press, enjoying its first freedom in many years, has openly flayed the vacillation and postponements in rehabilitating their country. Prominent Socialist and Communist leaders have become hypercritical of the Allied occupation and are developing a militant resistance to Allied controls. The mounting numbers of adherents to their cause have been further encouraged by membership subsidies in money and bread. Many reports are current and valid that large quantities of arms and ammunition are being stolen and sequestered by Italians, most of them with Communistic leanings, who have the definite intent of being prepared for internal revolt. Italy cannot escape food riots and civil strife this winter 1f an 1 mediate program for the importation of food, clothing, medical supplies, and soap 1s not expedited. The planned plunder of the Germans may divert much of the harvest in what is now enemy- occupied Italy. Your announcement of 150,000 tons of wheat scheduled to be shipped would have to be on the basis of every month if a basic ration of 300 grams is to be sustained for all Italy. Industrial Italy has been ransacked of useful implements and machinery. In many areas it is difficult to get enough power to mill the wheat and the grinding program in the north is now facing extreme difficulties. - 6 - Italy has been forced back into primitive types of handicrafts and agriculture. These ancient methods of production and distribution mean low productivity and high costs. Almost 10 million Italian people are concentrated in 25 cities. These areas are deficit areas which must draw upon the surplus areas for food which are often at great distances. Today Italy could not survive without the black market. This illicit trading seeks out the highest bidders not buyers, encourages hoarding of essential commodities and creates strong inflationary trends. Price controls and rationing systems have been only partially effective. Under the pressure of tremendous shortages this winter, these controls will disintegrate. Wage levels and price structures present a woeful disparity. The devaluation of the Italian currency has worked the greatest injustices on the middle and lower classes with fixed incomes. Life- time savings, insurance annuities, and pensions may represent one-fifth of their former value on paper but in purchasing power it is far lower. The worker who made 15 lire at the 20-to-a-dollar rate before the invasion could not procure as much with ten times that amount today. Only about 50 per cent of the heating-fuel requirements can be met for Italy this winter and lack of clothing will further aggravate deaths by freezing. Medicines are in short supply in many communes. The tubercular death rate is rising rapidly from malnutrition. Infant mortality has increased sharply. Too few programs for rebuilding and repairing the homes of the bombed-out have been started. Thousands are living in the fields, under bridges, in barns and barracks, and within the shells of devastated buildings. Two considerations are fundamental to any consideration of the economic problems which block Itely's recovery. First, under the shattering - 7 - impact of war these skilled technicians of Itely's modern industrial economy cannot revert to medieval guilds and feudal handicrafts. Second, the production of goods and services under the handicraft system cannot sustain the population of Italy as it 1s now grouped. Inflation 1s aggrevated by the constant flow of money incomes into markets where small and inadequate quantities of handicraft goods and agricultural products--freighted with high transportation costs--have replaced the plentiful and cheap products of modern industry and commerce. The problem of food supply becomes more acute because a substantial segment of the population is concentrated in industrial centers which constitute important deficit areas that had been supplied through the operation of a modern, well- organized exchange system. When that system collapsed in Itely these deficit food areas became the biggest economic liabilities of the nation. The Allied occupation of Italy can aggravate or ameliorate the problems of post-war adjustment. It is setting a pattern for the peace that can breed good-will or hatred. Artificial restoratives and short-term rehabilitation cannot be the brief and short-sighted undertaking of the larger nations who wish to safeguard the peace. The economic rebirth of Italy cannot be incubated in B. primitive nationalism. Fascism spawned a false concept of autarchy diverting and grooving productive capacity, streight-jacketting management and labor, manipulating currency and creating fake price ceilings. Command and coercion replaced competition. Its sordid and sudden collapse is tragic and lasting proof that total and unrealistic national planning leads to international frictions. We cannot afford to create an ersatz peace. The Have-gotanations will have to share something more than paper propagenda and surplus foodstuffs with the Have-not nations. - 8 - Italy cannot be amputated from the European and Mediterranean economy, where Italian exports have been a healthy factor in the economic life of neighboring countries. Nor can Italy be sliced up internally 8.5 fair loot for international free-booters. If the Italian people are to make a significant contribution to the reconstruction of their own country and implement the international program of recovery, the Allied nations must help to reactivate Italian industry by supplying certain raw materials and machine tools. Italy cannot face a stealthy invasion of foreign monopoly money or cartel control to revive her industry and methods of distribution. Italy does not need to import engineering skills because she has a surplus of highly stratified technicians to do the job if they have the tools. Italy can take her place and pay her share among other nations in the European economy if selective rehabilitations of certain industries are effected promptly such as soap, leather, textiles, food-processing, paint, glass, and paper. Italy has the head, heart, and hands to rebuild her economic structure if given a chance. The immediate necessities for industrial production are kindred to the long-term program. One ton of imported coal will make five tons of cement 80 vital in rebuilding plants--that coal requirement should be accurately assessed and provided. One ton of fertilizer will save seven tons of imported foodstuffs. There are thousands of tons in North Africa that could be shuttled to Italy if a few of the so-called LST boats now idle in ports of the Mediterranean could be made available. It is reported that over 50,000 tons of coal are - 9 - stock-piled in Sardinia that could be brought to the mainland by the same means. One emergency electric-power generator could help to start many small industries that make clothes, process foods, or make shoes. You have indicated in the press that it is planned to send one. This should have an over-riding priority. Many small industries, likewise, are stalled, lacking spare parts and machine tools. Supplying these items 1s the best investment that could be made in Italy's energetic come-back and the pay-off of her obligations. Italy knows it must return the hard way but in clearing away the wreckage strewn by Fascism and the war, the road back should not lead to economic and political enslavement. Evidence is not lacking from open declarations and tactical operations that Marshall Tito, with the approval of Marshall Stalin, will grab the Istrian peninsula. If we permit now the carving up of Italy, it sets a precedent for all countries in Europe to slice the sovereignty of neighboring nations at will. Foreign Secretary Eden's statement that Italy's colonies are "irrevocably lost" is 8 trend in international power- politics that can make the Atlantic Charter a scrap of paper. The peace can be lost before the war is won if such planned expropriations of lands and resources are not halted. What shall we do if the Tito-Stalin forces get to Istria first? The growth of lawlessness, the rise of guerrilla raiding bands in vacuum areas of political action and policies control, is causing grave concern - 10 - to Allied authorities and all law-respecting Italians. What will happen to the unpoliced Southern areas of Italy when the ration is cut back due to lack of wheat imports? How much olive oil will be amassed when the No. 1 commodity-- wheat--in terms of bread--1s reduced to the grower? How fast will the flight from the lire be when wheat and oil and pulses are hoarded at the grower level? The co-belligerency status of Italy has created wide-spread confusion about the treatment of prisoners of war. How much land is going un-tilled because hundreds of thousands of Italian Prisoners of War have not been released? The stifling effect of naval regulations on fishing is curtailing a productive food source. How soon will this stringent regulation release the fishing fleets? The greater part of the economic emergence of Italy is predicated on the liberation of the Industrial North. With the disassembly of Bailey bridges whole areas are isolated that might provide food and other supplies to the urban- packed populations in the North. If Italy's Industrial North can be reactivated promptly in the production of consumer goods, the gap between supply and demand can be shortened and inflationary onslaughts checked. What will be done about linking the roads and rails of and to the Industrial North? How soon will thousands of trucks now deadlined be released for civilian transport through the importation of spare parts and tires? Private enterprise will not develop without political security. Capital, whether foreign or domestic, will not invest without confidence in the existing government. The central government will rise or fall on the integrity of its financial program. How soon will a plan be divulged for the stabilization of Italy's currency? - 11 - The Itelian people and their government are told consistently that the present activities of the Allied occupation are motivated wholly by military necessity. When the last shot is fired--then what? Will the Italian people look backward toward Fascism with more satisfaction than they look forward to the Four Freedoms? The answer to these and many other vital questions pleads for a program of action that will equivocate or compromise with human needs. If the Allied nations retreat from their responsibility in under- writing Italy's fight for survival, the break-through of hunger and unemployment and Communism will mean a sweeping victory for godless government. *********** - 12 -