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PPF 9: Gifts - B
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PRESIDENT'S PERSONAL FILE
PPF 9
Gifts B
April-May 1937
PPF900056
The flow of
'KS everything.
This unit re
on of time is the means
of selecting
ourse through which
the United S
ermanently remain a
Bueld
pp.7.7
q-B
April 27, 1937
My dear Mr. Brown:
The President has asked me to thank you
ever so much for your courtesy in sending him that
manuscript and he wants you to know that he deeply
appreciates the friendly thought which prompted
your act.
He sends his best wishes to you.
Very sincerely yours,
filed
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Brown, Esq.,
1128 N. W. 36th Street,
Oklahoma City,
Oklahoma.
es
The flow of time governs everything.
This unit representation of time is the means
of selecting the only course through which
the United States can permanently remain a
unit.
It provides a form of absolute reality, a
balance undisturbed by change, to which
everything can be simultaneously referred.
It brings into the realm of reality an
irreversible interpretation of Americanism
which is not a split verdict.
Money is the denominator for rating the
separate works of man in terms of them all.
The procedure prescribed herein will provide
the only monetary process of uniform rating,
balanced by reference to time, through the
agency of which the greatest advantage of
every individual element of the community
coincides with the greatest advantage of
them all combined. It is worthy of the
attention of the highest interpreter of
Americanism.
Submitted to the President of the United
States.
OF
E
Respectfully Submitted
to
The President of the United States.
3
AT LAST, AMERICANISM.
by
J.B. Brown.
CONTENTS.
Introduction,
Money and Time.
Time as an Absolute Base of Reference.
Prescribed Procedure.
Appendix.- - "The World Synchronometer".
AT LAST, AMERICANISM.
by
J. B. Brown.
Introduction.
Americanism is not, as an analysis of its outer
manifestations might indicate, a dog fight, in which
equality of opportunity is construed to mean that all
shall have the same chance to grab for special favors
at the expense of the community. Nor is it a slogan to
spur an overworked and unimaginative section of the
community into supporting the more cunning and unscrupulous
in a state of nervous extravagance, and a shackled but
very numerous section in a state slightly above destitution
ironically associated with the name of relief. It is a
spiritual, political and economic form in which a very
dynamic section of mankind is blazing its way through a
process of major change in which all divisions of mankind
are in dangerous confusion for lack of a moving base of
reference. Such a base exists, but it has not been utilized.
It is time. Time is the one thing which provides a form
of absolute reality to which the inevitable process of
2.
change can be referred. A moment's reflection will
convince the reader that his own personal course of
action in all of his undertakings is laid out by reference
to time, but the possibilities of steering the course
of a community by reference to time have not been utilized.
A new and uniform representation of the entire world in
relation to one governing time, as described and diagrammed
in the appendix, furnishes an absolute form to which
everything can be referred, and brings into the realm of
reality an irreversible interpretation of Americanism
which is not a split verdict.
The Constitution of the United States furnishes
a written definition of Americanism, and the Supreme
Court hands down a reversible, or relative, version of
what is meant by the Constitution, but that does not
provide a uniform direction for citizenship. The meaning
of Americanism, when referred back to citizens, can only
be interpreted by their action. How long, in consequence
of a financial form whose governing motive is the
acceptance of favors at the expense of the community,
this action will demand that Americanism be measured in
terms of violence, crime, corruption, enforced idleness
and misery, can only be referred to time. Reference to
time encounters a balanced form in reality which places
3.
in our hands the means of bringing the equality of
opportunity from the realm of vision into the realm
of reality.
The means is a pay-as-we-go, or concurrent,
financial form in which the interests of all elements
of the community meet in agreement. It is outlined
herein. Elaboration of detail at this place would
obscure the outline, but a specific statement of the
prescribed course of action is essential to its
examination by the public. What may, through the
limitations inherent in outlining a new form by words,
seem like a complicated affair, is far simpler than
the monetary form to which we are still trying to cling,
but which has already collapsed under its own weight.
MONEY and TIME.
by
J. B. Brown.
Money is a human device for promoting the development
of mankind, and is in itself a development. The extent
to which the development of money can be influenced by
abstract reasoning is a matter on which opinions differ,
but if abstract reason plays a part in the development of
mankind, then, by its own application, it must play a
part in the development of money. The rumblings of conflict
throughout the world do not necessarily mean that reason
is submerged, but only that there is something false in
the reasoning of mankind. It is the purpose of this writing
to point out a falsity in basic conception which has a
direct bearing on money, and to outline a procedure
designed to substitute concurrence for conflict in
community affairs.
Money is a, device for spanning an interval of time.
It is some form of credit, and credit cannot be considered
without reference to an interval of time. No representation
2.
of community continuity can be made without reference to
the passage of time. But, with representation of the
passage of time furnished in part by the calendar and
in part by the clock, in forms which conflict with each
other, there is no uniform representation to which
problems involving equilibrium in community procedure
can be referred. It is for this reason that reference is
made to a newly devised instrument for the designation of
which the name "world synchronometer" has been coined.
A description of this instrument and reference to the
significance of the form in which it expresses the
passage of time, is presented as an appendix, to avoid
confusion, but the text which here follows assumes the
investigation of this new form by the reader.
The prevailing conception of time is evidenced by
this simple statement quoted from Rand, McNally's Premier
Atlas of the World:
"As the world makes one complete revolution on its
axis from west to east in about 24 hours, and being
approximately 25,000 miles in circumference at the
equator and in the temporate zones, it follows that
time travels westward at the rate of about 1,000
miles an hour."
3.
That statement completely ignores the revolution of the
earth around the sun as a function of time. According
to that conception the people of San Francisco exist at
a subsequent time to those in New York, and existence at
any meridian is at a subsequent time to that at any other
meridian farther east. That is a delusion. The "world
synchronometer" furnishes visible evidence that existence
is concurrent at all meridians of the earth. The money
systems of the world were developed on the basis that
community existence is not concurrent, but the motive in
that development was the flow of population by migration
of people to new lands. With no more virgin continents
to settle, and the flow of population stopped, new means
of propelling the mechanism of organized society must be
found. Human energy can not be repressed, and when there
are no new lands on which to settle a flowing stream of
population, a money system which acts as an anchor becomes
a potent cause of conflict. Confining discussion to conditions
in the United States, a money mechanism developed to stabilize
an incoming stream of population spreading out over a rapidly
developing continent, needs adjustment to promote the
interchange of services in a non-migratory community
whose producing capacity is so great that it creates a
4.
back pressure which not only nullifies its benefits,
but which menaces the stability of the community.
Time as a Base of Reference.
A money mechanism designed to serve a community
whose members are considered to be at different time
stages, suggests an elevator to serve different floors of
a high building, when all of the people are on the ground
floor. As existence at different meridians is not recognized
to be concurrent, or contemporary, there is no concurrent
medium of exchange. Instead, the attempt has been made to
jump a concurrent interval by using capital as a medium of
exchange and counterbalancing by contracting debt against
the future. Capital is an accumulation of past work to
serve as a reserve for the future. Referred to time, capital
pertains to either the past or future tense, but is not
concurrent. It should be the object to be negotiated as
distinguished from the means of negotiation, but our
practice has been to use it as a medium of negotiation
counterbalanced by the contracting of debt. Our medium
of exchange is created by compounding in the banks, but
when it leaves their possession it does SO as capital,
and a corresponding debt is created.
5.
It is possible to prescribe a procedure for creating
a concurrent medium balanced within itself, which would
bestow upon the people of the United States, and any
others whose capacity might enable them to accept it,
benefits which surpass their capacity to visualize.
To assume that such a concurrent medium is unattainable
in the near future is beside the point, because attainment
depends solely upon the effort made. An investigation
of this prescribed procedure by people competent to
analyze and compare its proposals with existing forms,
would be a step which might prove very important in
lightening the burden and increasing the happiness of
everybody.
The United States of America is well on its way to
the establishment of a concurrent money, or medium, which
would make effective the ideals expressed in our Constitution,
which aim at national control in response to a directorship
diversified and diffused throughout the mass of individual
citizens. A suggestion that legislators have in mind some
system by which the work done by a citizen in his younger
years would provide him with an income when he is no longer
required in organized industry, is evidenced by the Social
Security Act. But that Act is only a. gesture. Economic
6.
independence for the mass of citizens in their declining
years, and opportunity for all in their younger years, can
be attained only by the creation of a concurrent medium
for the interchange of services. Such a concurrent money
can not originate in either the Government or the banks.
It must spring from the people who have participated in
the development of the reserve held by the Government in
the gold base, and who are no longer of necessity required
in organized industry. A citizen does not have to be
sixtyfive years old to enter that classification. To
attain a workable balance, concurrent money must spring
from all citizens, and people of foreign birth now resident
here who wish to become citizens, who have attained the
age of fortyfive or fifty. Penalties involving forfeiture
of participation by the vicious and certain incompetents
will not be discussed here.
Every individual in addition to being an individual
is an element in a community. The expression "rugged
individualism" is applicable only to one who might be the
only inhabitant on an isolated island. The creation of a
concurrent medium for the exchange of services of individuals
would result in a harmonious working order, in which the
efforts of people would be successfully applied to eliminate
7.
economic distress and provide a balance between our society
as a whole and the individuals comprising it. That is
the condition in which the individual, whether rich or
poor, can have the utmost freedom of action, and in which
he has the maximum prospect of a most happy existence and
of giving the utmost to the society of which he is a part.
There are four major forces which guide the money
of the United States:
1.- Government outgo.
2.- Government income.
3.- Credit extended by banks.
4.- Liquidation of credit extended by banks.
To provide a continuous balance free from conflict
between society as a whole and the individuals comprising
it, these four forces must all balance with each other,
and stay in balance with the passage of time. Referring
these forces to the concurrent form for expressing the
passage of time furnished by the "world synchronometer",
a condition of unending equilibrium free from conflict
may be represented diagramatically as follows:
8.
Money is the denominator for rating the separate works
of man in terms of them all. It can be measured only by
the flow of time. Refer this diagram to the unit
representation of time in the appendix.
by banks
extended x noled a
credit
Concurrent
Accumulation
of past work
Government
(Capital)
Liquidation of credit
income
extended
Reserve Exchange. for
by banks
the future
Medium
of
Outgo,
Y
Government
The procedure prescribed on the following pages will provide
the only monetary process of uniform rating through the
agency of which the greatest advantage of every individual
element of the community coincides with the greatest
advantage of them all combined.
9.
Prescribed Procedure.
Authority.
The Constitution of the United States,
in Article I, Section 8, vests in
Congress the power to prescribe the
money of the nation.
Preliminaries.
A workable tecnique of procedure is
here outlined. Assuming a central
bank establishment to represent the
Government, and authorization of the
President to proceed, let a date be
set on which a new money would become
Starting Point.
effective. On that date all of the
funds on deposit in the banks would
be earmarked, and the right of the
banks to extend credit would be suspended
until new rights were granted. These
deposits are now treated as both capital
and current money. When earmarked they
would definitely become capital, which
could be withdrawn by the depositors
in the form of
either
10.
Government Bonds
or
in amounts limited to nearby spending needs,
Drafts from the Government,
based on the gold reserve, which could
immediately be re-deposited in the banks for
the opening of a current checking account.
The maximum total sum to which the
Government could issue drafts, would be
that represented by the silver reserve,
which would serve to compensate the banks
for the return of drafts honored. This silver
would be used by the banks for balancing
with each other and with foreign accounts.
The flow of silver would hold the exchange
rate constant in relation to the gold base.
The Government purchase price of gold would
fix the nominal par value of the new money;
the price ratio of gold to silver would
determine its actual exchange value in
relation to par. The ratio at which the
exchange value would be at par is treated
under the later heading "Scale of Rating".
11.
Currency.
Currency is in reality a form of
Government Bond. It would continue to
be used by the public as at present.
If troublesome hoarding should develop,
this is a detail of banking easily
solved by dated currency. The circulation
of currency offers no real problem.
Preparation.
In preparation for this
transformation in banking practice,
with a knowledge of methods. used during
the world war for the enlistment of
men, and on information supplied by
the Census, subject to revision upon
authentic evidence of omission, the
Federal Government, in cooperation
with the separate States, would mail to
every eligible citizen and prospective
citizen having attained the age of fifty
years, an order to be known as an
EQUAL OPPORTUNITY BOND
(called a bond because it is a guarantee)
to be presented at the banks on the date
fixed, with allowance for delay proved
unavoidable.
12.
Equal Opportunity Bonds should be mailed
to the banks in advance to permit ample
time for preparation. Officially, the
deposit would be on the date set by
presidential proclamation.
Origin of
Concurrent Money.
The deposit of these Equal
Opportunity Bonds in the banks by
qualified citizens would originate
the new concurrent money. Simultaneously,
they would provide a spending account
for elder citizens, based upon the
reserve in gold held by the Government,
which the work of their younger years,
even if only spent in looking for a place,
had helped to create,
and
Expansion.
they would provide the bank with a draft
on the Government reserve, which is
contained in gold, double in amount to
that credited elder citizens for
spending account.
13.
For the presentation of these drafts to
the Government, the banks would be
compensated by
Gold Shares
or rights in the gold reserve,
Credit
which would constitute their authority
Extension.
to extend credit to people engaged in
productive capacity. That is to say,
the banks could extend credit to producers
to an amount double that credited to
elder citizens for spending account through
Equal Opportunity Bonds.
Thus, the loaning capacity of banks to
producers would be double the paying
capacity of citizens resulting from the
deposit of Equal Opportunity Bonds.
Balancing.
The Government would bring the paying
capacity of citizens to a balance with the
loaning capacity of banks, by disbursing
during the first cycle, for purposes
specified below, an amount equal to that
furnished citizens through Equal Opportunity
Bonds.
14.
Balancing.
These Government disbursements would
become paying capacity of citizens
in compensation for:
1,- Work expended in Government operation.
2.- Public works and lands.
3.- Purchase of gold by the Government.
4.- Liquidation of Government Bonds.
Stabilizing.
Simultaneously with the second
distribution of Equal Opportunity Bonds,
the Government would initiate the
retirement of money put into circulation
on the first cycle, by the collection
of taxes on current transactions.
With certain overlap provisions
to permit continuity and flexibility,
the banks would not be able to make new
loans until the liquidation of the old
signalized compensation to the Government
for the funds based on the gold reserve
already drawn for loaning purposes.
Failure to compensate would be charged
against a bank's silver credits.
15.
The idea is to keep a stabilized balance
combined
between the citizens' capacity to liquidate
and the amount to which they are obligated
for the liquidation of bank loans. Citizens'
obligation to the Government would be
liquidated by the collection of taxes.
A discussion here of all of the details and
kinks would only lead to confusion. Loans by
the banks would be for comparatively short
periods of time to finance operations of
individuals and corporations engaged in
productive enterprise, and to finance
seasonal and other periodical movements
in agriculture, commerce and miscellaneous
transitory service.
Function
of
Bank loans could not be made to finance
Capital
investment. That is the function of capital.
The liquidation of Government Bonds when
required would provide the banks with ample
funds to underwrite, or finance, new
investment issues to be bought by individual
citizens or their trusts.
16.
Function and
The purpose of banks is to preserve
Compensation
of Banks.
a balance all around between individuals
and communities. Their service is that of
community broker. For this valuable service
they would be compensated by a reasonable
commission on all business transacted
through them. The banks would continue
to be a source of capital. They now hold
vast sums in Government Bonds which would
be liquidated as needed to stabilize the
structure of corporate finance, which is
intricately involved with the banks.
Government spending for public works
woulddvary inversely to the demand for
liquidation of Government Bonds to
finance investment.
Interval of
For meeting peak loads developing
Successive
Distributions.
through seasonal requirements, Equal
Opportunity Bonds could be distributed
at intervals of, say, six months. As all of
our other calculations are based on time,
17.
it seems that the ideal balance would be
struck by dividing the year into two
halves, and distributing Equal Opportunity
Bonds at intervals of six months.
Amounts.
The amount per person in Equal
Opportunity Bonds to be issued on the
first cycle would be a matter of
estimation based on expert calculation.
Each State, in cooperation with the
Federal Government, would determine the
amount per person required to meet its
individual needs and hold the local
economic balance. States whose requirements
per person were less than the average
would receive a corresponding increase in
Federal allotment for public work to
promote their development and maintain
the exchange demand steady between sections.
States whose requirements might call for
a greater-than-average amount per person
in Equal Opportunity Bonds would receive
a corresponding reduction in the amount
alloted by the Federal Government for
public work.
18.
Adjustment.
Adjustment would be brought about
in response to demand. The demand on the
banks for current loans by eligible
borrowers engaged in productive capacity
would be an unfailing guide to indicate
the amount required in Equal Opportunity
Bonds after the system got under way.
Volume of
The amount could be increased to meet
Money.
a pressure of demand SO long as the
borrowers duly liquidated their current
loans and the demands for public works
were met. The all-important thing is to
maintain a balance between obligation
contracted and capacity to liquidate it.
So long as this balance is maintained,
the volume of money would be adjustable
to the standard of living, which could be
just as high in one section as another
if its people should desire to make it so.
Standard
Our standard of living would be just
of
Living.
as high as our capacity. The denominator
of rating would be supported on a foundation
of gold and measured on aa uniform scale.
19.
Scale
Money is the denominator for rating
of
Rating.
special works of man in terms of them all.
To do this it must be related to work, and
work in one country must be related to that
in others, and all must be related to the base
of money and to the banks through which it
functions. Silver is the only agent which can
perform these services and serve as the scale
of rating. The price ratio of silver to gold
should be that of one to 14.5. This is the ratio
of the amount of gold to the amount of silver,
by weight, produced in the world over a period
of 438 years - from 1493 to 1930. At this ratio
the purchase of all of the silver produced
during a long period of time would call for the
same amount of money as the purchase of all of
the gold produced during the same period, and
thus, the exchange value of the money would
be at par.
Foot Note.- An accurate estimate of the ratio
at which the exchange value of money would be
par, is made possible through statistics
furnished by Constantino Perez Duarte, Consulting
Engineer of the Treasury of Mexico,
Mexico City, and published in his superb
20.
pamphlet "The World Crisis and the
Depreciation of Silver". In the
preparation of this work no world source
of information was neglected. This
author believes these to be the most
reliable statistics in existence, and is
indebted to Constantino Perez Duarte for
valuable conversations and permission to
use his statistics as desired.
In accepting bar silver at the fixed price,
the banks would have assurance that they
could dispose of it to the Government
at the same price. Payment would be in Gov't.
Bonds, convertible into money as needed.
The application of that scale of rating
would bring the entire world into balance.
No coordinated international action would
be necessary. The United States, on account
of its tremendous consuming and producing
capacity, coupled with its unique position
with respect to international debts, is
the key to the world situation.
21.
Taxes.
Economists may say that taxes on
current transactions would compound to
defeat their purpose. But they can be excused
because they figure on a basis of compounding
time, and in terms of a money which compounds
in favor of the banks, and attribute the
burden on the people to taxation. The
difference, in figuring the effect on the
people of taxes collected in capital
counterbalanced by debt and taxes collected
in a concurrent flowing medium, can best be
expressed by a comparison in which we have
the ground as a basis. It is the difference
between a man walking along on foot packing
a tax load of international metals and allied
armaments, the weight of which increases at
every step, and a man riding along in an
automobile with taxes as one of the four
wheels of the mechanism.
The principal thing to watch about
taxation is a tax on large land holdings
to forestall monopoly, and to insure a wide
22.
distribution in land ownership. The rest
is a matter of detail which, when referred
to absolute time as a guide, presents no
major difficulty. All taxes except those
on large land tracts and current
transactions would be abolished. All
savings which can be reproduced by the
concurrent work of man, and which would
not be subject to harmful monopoly, and
treasures which are not essential to
living needs, would be taxed by a concurrent
transactions levy. That is to say, they
would be taxed at the time of acquisition.
A citizen would be secure in the knowledge
that his savings, once acquired, could
not be taxed away from him.
NO Enforced
Citizens receiving benefits from
Spending.
Equal Opportunity Bonds would not be
required to spend them if they did not
want to. Freedom of action is one of
our main objectives. But provision would
be necessary for converting excess current
funds to capital by the transfer of
23.
accumulations in current bank accounts
to savings in the form of Government Bonds,
and, if the amount of such transfer was
significant, the Government would be
compelled to put out current money through
the outlet of public works or in paying
off other Bonds. The whole question of
shifting balances is one of banking detail
which offers no difficulty.
No Enforced
There should be no age restrictions
Idleness.
on the eligibility of adults to work.
The essence of our whole endeavor is to
adjust our form to the demands of absolute
forces, and hence there must be freedom
of action to form a natural balance. All
economic slack would be taken up by
technical adjustment in the sphere of money.
Those for whose services there would be
no demand by organized industry, would
have the means of working in the way
which best suited them. The fact of no
demand for their services by organized
industry, furnishes ample evidence that
24.
these services would be more valuable to
the community if applied in some other form.
The embellishment of their own homes to
provide the community with a pleasing aspect
would alone justify their efforts. The
major productive effort for organized
industry would be supplied by citizens in
their younger years.
All
With shackles removed, the work of
Interests
citizens in their younger years would alone
Are
supply all elements of society with the
Identical.
necessities and comforts of life, and an
abundance of finery and an increasing and
diversified stock of treasured works would
be available. With a concurrent medium
of exchange, the services of both young
and old would be applied to the greatest
advantage of themselves and of society as
a whole, and their interests are identical.
With the establishment of a concurrent
medium of exchange, Government Bonds
become the form in which uninvested
private capital would be held. All
25.
investment of private capital would be in
private enterprise or property. No interest
would be paid on Government Bonds after the
retirement of outstanding interest bearing
issues. All return on capital investment
would come from private enterprise and would
accrue to citizens. Enterprise would not be
hampered by artificial shackles. Society as
a whole would flourish through the elimination
of economic, and hence, social and military
conflict.
The benefits to everybody, rich and
poor alike, to be gained through a system
in which the efforts of people are not
dissipated in shackling the hands of each
other, are so great that any attempt to
specify them here seems ridiculous. A
concurrent medium of exchange and its
incalculable benefits is within our grasp.
This is not Utopia. It is the reality
of dawn in the United States of America.
APPENDIX.
The World Synchronometer.
Original Design
and
Description
by
J.B. Brown.
FL
June 23, 1936.
J.B. BROWN
Des. 100,150
HOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENT
Filed May 1, 1936
8
John B. Brown. INVENTOR
ATTORNEY
THE WORLD SYNCHRONOMETER
SKETCH-A
PATENTED
MIN.
1 12 11
2
10
3
DAYLIGHT
9
4
8
M
A
5
GREENWICH
7
HOUR
DAY
6
N.Pole
6
7
5
P
1
REV. THE PER EARTH 24 HOURS
M
8
4
9
DARKNESS
3
10
2
11 12 1
SEC.
NUMERATION
HOUR WHEEL - 2 REV. PER 24 HOURS
12 11 10 9 8 7 65432112
MINUTE WHEEL - 1 REV. PER HOUR
o
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
O
SEC. WHEEL - 1 REV.PER MINUTE
0 0 5 -55 50 35 25 40 15 10 45 -20 -30
DAY WHEEL - 1 REV. PER. WEEK
SUN.
MON,
TUE.
WED
THU.
FRI.
SAT.
The World Synchronometer.
by
J.B.Brown.
This is a description of the first instrument ever
designed to express the passage of absolute time, or one
governing time for the world as a whole.
The description refers to sketch A.
In the center is a rotating sphere representing
the earth, but for this sphere may be substituted a disc
carrying a map of a hemisphere or other representation of
respective places on the earth's surface. This central sphere
is driven to make one complete rotation in 24 hours. Connected
to the central shaft by suitable mechanism for producing
the proper speeds, are four wheels placed symmetrically
with respect to the central sphere, as shown in sketch A.
As the central sphere rotates, the four wheels
expressing time turn in the directions indicated by the
arrows in sketch A, the direction of hours and days being
in convergence, while the differential, or the direction
of minutes and seconds, is in divergence. The speeds of
2.
the respective wheels are such that a reading at the high
points indicates the day of the week, the hour, minute
and second. This furnishes a uniform representation of
the passage of time of the world as a whole.
On the enclosing case, and radially with respect
to the sphere, are fixed numbers which by reference to
time correlate respective places on the earth's surface with
respect to light. For human convenience it is desirable to
relation the day to light, SO that different points on
the earth's surface will have similar light effect at
approximately the same nominal hour. It is a human belief
that time is subject to the travel of light, but this time
instrument presents very vivid evidence that time is absolute,
and it is human convenience, not time, that is subject to
light. As the earth rotates on its axis, the time at which
any radial of the earth bisects the sun is fixed and absolute,
and there is a fixed and absolute time at which any point
on the earth's surface reaches any position. To maintain a
relationship between different points on the earth's
surface and light, time is used as the guide because that
is one thing that is the same for all. Failure to understand
that simple fact has deprived mankind of an absolute guide
3.
to which may be referred problems involving community
concurrence and its alternative, community conflict.
From lack of any visible form with which to express the truth
that existence is contemporary, or concurrent, at all
meridians of the earth, some vital forms which effect
community relationships are based on the delusion that
existence at any meridian is at a subsequent time to that
at a meridian farther east. Community relationships
expressed in a form based on a conception of non-concurrence
can result in nothing else than conflict in practice.
A uniform representation of the passage of time furnishes
an absolute base of reference.
This new instrument, for the designation of which
the name "world synchronometer" has been coined, furnishes
the first form which has ever been devised to express the
truth that existence is concurrent at all meridians, but
that the light effect at different places is different at
the same time. The rate at which the position of a place
changes in relation to light is subject to the passage of
time, and this position is identified by reference to time.
Hence the position of a place in relation to light has come
to be known as the time of that place. To avoid innovations
4.
in nomenclature that meaning is adopted here.
The observations at Greenwich are those to which
the time of the world is referred. When a radial of the
earth through the meridian of Greenwich bisects the sun,
that is 12 o'clock, noon, at Greenwich. All other points
on the earth's surface exist at exactly the same time,
but because they are in different positions in relation
to light they are said to be at different times. The
position identification of a place is by common usage
called the time at that place. The fixed radial numbers
on the case of the "world synchronometer" show the nominal
time of every place in relation to that of every other
place on the earth's surface. If the observed time at
Greenwich be taken as the time of the world it is necessary
in order to make daylight at different places fall at a
desired nominal hour, to adjust the time setting of other
places to correspond to differences in position on the
earth's surface. Hence, for convenience, the world is
divided into 24 time zones. The "world synchronometer"
may be set to express the nominal time at any place at
which it is to be used, and reference to the radial numbers
on the case indicates simultaneously the nominal time at
other places throughout the world.
5.
For instance, if the instrument is set to express
time at Greenwich,- at 12 o'clock, noon, on Monday, which
hour represents the crossing of the meridian at Greenwich
by the sun, the position of the central sphere will be
such that Greenwich is uppermost and opposite the number
12 of the radial numbers on the case, while the high point
on each of the coordinated wheels will read, respectively:
0 min
hour
day
12
Mon.
0 sec,
As the earth rotates with the passage of time and
the position of Greenwich changes, the exact hour, minute,
second, and day of the week will be expressed by the high
points of the coordinated wheels, and the hour position of
Greenwich will be checked by the radial number on the case
opposite Greenwich. It is purely a matter of observation
to note the nominal hour at other places throughout the
world by the radial numbers opposite them. The minutes and
seconds are the same for all. The relation of the respective
6.
places to day and night is shown, those in the upper
hemisphere being in day while those in the lower
hemisphere are in night.
By placing a mirror behind the central rotating
sphere, the nominal hour of points in the southern
hemisphere may be noted simultaneously with those in
the northern.
This form expresses two motions of the earth as an
equalized and uniform function of time. It is an
interminable, or absolute mathematical balance, which is
not disturbed by change. The succession of hours expresses
the rate at which the earth rotates on its axis, while
the concurrent succession of days expresses the rate at
which the earth is concurrently revolving around the sun.
The differential of minutes and seconds is the scale of
rating common to the two. The "world synchronometer"
furnishes uniform representation of the passage of time
in contrast to the conflicting forms by which the rate
of rotation of the earth on its axis is expressed by the
hour hand of the clock, and the rate at which the earth
revolves around the sun is expressed statically by the
calendar.
7.
If the radial numbers on the case were left off
entirely, the instrument would register the passage of
one governing time for the whole world, or absolute time.
Although this is the first form ever devised for
representing one governing time for everything, the
conception of time as absolute is not new. The following
statements are quoted from definition 24 of time, in
Webster's New International Dictionary:
"The oldest conception of time is that of an absolute
flowing, which is a reality apart from the events
which fill it and has a fixed uniform rate in terms
of which all change is measured. The classic
expression of this conception of absolute time
is in Newton's Principia.
More recent conceptions take time to be objectively
real but emphasize the impossibility of any
determination of time apart from the observable
process of change in things, and hence conceive
time as relative or consisting in the relations
of phenomena, not as absolute.'
The emphasis of more recent conceptions on the
impossibility of any determination of time apart from
the observable process of change in things, is significant
only in that it emphasizes the truth that everything,
even the meaning of the word "impossible", is subject to
time. What appears as the impossible at one date is
accepted later as the actual. The physical evidence which
led to the design of the "world synchronometer" was
8.
furnished by the action of mercury. Diagramatic
representation of a time difference in performance
as between mercury and other matter, compared to their
respective reactions with light, resulted in the balanced
form of expressing the passage of time herein described,
which speaks for itself.
With a partial expression of the passage of time
furnished in one form by the calendar, and a partial
expression furnished in another and conflicting form by
the clock, the attempt to represent continuous equilibrium
results in a confliction for lack of a uniform basis of
reference. The "world synchronometer" furnishes a uniform
representation to which problems involving equilibrium in
community procedure may be referred. Solution of community
problems aiming at the elimination of conflict, which
has heretofore appeared as impossible, now appears as
possible as a consequence of discovering a form in which
the absolute base of reference can be shown.
3
E
park q-B
April 27, 1937
Builly
My dear Governor Bartlett:
The President asks me to send you
this little note to express his thanks to you
for your kindness in sending him that delicious
maple syrup. He more than appreciates your
thoughtfulness in the matter.
Very sincerely yours,
M.A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Honorable John H. Bartlett,
Box 271, Franklin Station,
Washington, D. C.
RR
Namel
JOHN HENRY BARTLETT
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Box 271 FRANKLIN STATION
my Dear mr Roosevelt,-
This is maple syrup sent to
me by an old friend in Croydon,
New Hampshire, so I know it is
safe, and I hope good and tastay,
yes, as tasley as the election news
from my state
yours as Ever
April 26-37 april 26-37
P.P.7B
Buchly
May 5, 1937
My dear Mr. Blalock:
The President has asked me to thank you
very much for your courtesy in sending him that
inscribed copy of "The Road to San Jacinto". He
appreciates your kind thought of him and your
friendly good wishes.
Very sincerely yours,
Fite care
II. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Myron G. Blalock, Esq.,
Marshall,
Texas.
es
To: President Roountt ts
VL
old
7
5/5/378 Q an interesting short
oak
In
Me
for
story of Early pioneer life
The
of Sam Houston E other Texas
herora. Light reading
11 The Road to San gacinto"
f
for a Than feshing
hing
ed
trip
tire
T
with every wish for
4
a great time, a big catch,
e
e
and a complete rest, and
with cordinal mel come &
Byon evaters
Xordeally
Myron 9, Blalock'
Chairman State Dear
Marshall dyes scrate Expenting bom.
april 20"1937
mw
Washington, D.C.
Cherokees
The Kings
THE BOWL
Highway
Trinity
Nacogdoches
Sabine River
LOUISIANA
Minnick's
River
San Felipe
San Jacinto Jacinto R.
Anahuac
Harrisburg
olumbia
SAN JACINTO
Brazoria
LOST Velasco TRAIL Gulf
of
Mexico nextray
P.P.7
May 11, 1937
9-B
the
The
My dear Mr. Beck:
Please let me acknowledge your note of
May seventh respecting B. J. Bordallo.
As you know, the President is now fishing
in waters of the Gulf of Mexico and is scheduled
to return here probably Friday of this week.
the
McIntyre is in charge of temporary White House
touc
headquarters at Galveston. He, of course, will
return with the President. I will take up the
question of Bordallo's appointment with McIntyre
upon his return and he will do the best possible
and advise you.
R
With kindest regards,
Very sincerely yours,
noted
STEPHEN EARLY
Assistant Secretary
to the President
Mr. Thomas H. Beck,
The Crowell Publishing Company,
250 Park Avenue,
New York, N. Y.
mw
Washington, D. C.
IRMAN
F COUNCIL
:ONGRESS
ORDALLO
NAL DELEGATE
ES SENATE OFFICE
TON, D.C.
Bushly
b 5/11/37 mw
what were the
May 20, 1937
2 small e
p.p.7.
f what was
q-B
done with them?
,
favor of present-
EB
uveniers of the
President. They
have not Exem
I feel certain the
nem. They are
tle, but after all
: go with them
We sincerely hope you will not dis-
appoint our people.
Very sincerely yours,
B. 8. Bordallo
X
Tom
Thomas H. Beck.
Mr. Stephen Early
Assistant Secretary to the President
The White House
Washington, D. C.
CHAIRMAN
HOUSE OF COUNCIL
guam CONGRESS
B. J. BORDALLO
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATE
448 UNITED STATES SENATE OFFICE
WASHINGTON. D. C.
b 5/11/37 mw
May 20, 1937
Mr. Marvin H. McIntyre
White House
p.p.7.
Washington, D. C.
q-B
Dear Mr. McIntyre:
Please do us the favor of present-
ing these two small souveniers of the
people of Guam to the President. They
go with the Table and I feel certain the
President would like them. They are
small and are worth little, but after all
its the sentiments that go with them
that count.
We sincerely hope you will not dis-
appoint our people.
Very sincerely yours,
B. D. Bordallo
x
Tom
Thomas H. Beck.
Mr. Stephen Early
Assistant Secretary to the President
The White House
Washington, D. C.
BALTASAR J. BORDALLO
711/37
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION
mw
CHAIRMAN
HOUSE OF COUNCIL
GUAM CONGRESS
now
Thomas H. Beck.
Mr. Stephen Early
Assistant Secretary to the President
The White House
Washington, D. C.
FRANCISCO B. LEON GUERRERO
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION
a 5/11/37 mw
VICE-CHAIRMAN
HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY
GUAM CONGRESS
vom
Thomas H. Beck.
Mr. Stephen Early
Assistant Secretary to the President
The White House
Washington, D. C.
THE CROWELL PUBLISHING COMPANY
250 PARK AVENUE
acts 5/11/37 mw
NEW YORK
WOMANS HOME COMPANION
THE AMERICAN MAGAZINE
COLLIER'S, THE NATIONAL WEEKLY
THE COUNTRY HOME
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
May 10, 1937
Dear Steve:
Please do me the favor to read the en-
closed letter from Mr. B. J. Bordallo.
If you agree with me that he ought not
be allowed to leave Washington without the Presi-
dent's seeing him for a minute or two, I will
appreciate it if you will arrange with Mac as soon
as he and the Chief return, so that Mr. Bordallo
can be sent for and given an opportunity to present
the articles for the President and Mrs. Roosevelt.
As you probably remember, I have been to
Guam on the Pan American Clipper, and I know these
people are steamed up to the "nth" degree about
this Administration. They are more patriotic than
the average American. I really think it is import-
ant that we save Mr. Bordallo's face. He is a
nice, quiet, unassuming young man. If he has to
go back without having seen the Chief, he is not
only going to be disappointed but so are the people
of Guam. Finally, it makes damn bad copy - just
the kind the President does not want.
Tom Sincerely yours,
Thomas H. Beck.
Mr. Stephen Early
Assistant Secretary to the President
The White House
Washington, D. C.
CHAIRMAN
HOUSE OF COUNCIL
guam CONGRESS
B. J. BORDALLO
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATE
448 UNITED STATES SENATE OFFICE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
April may 7, 1937
id presented
Mr. Thos. H. Beck, President
The Crowell Publishing Co.
250 Park Avenue
New York City
x18-g
My dear Mr. Beck:
I am writing you this letter knowing that
you are much interested in the progress of our
mission here in Washington, and I now find myself
compelled to ask for your assistance or at least
inform you of our difficulties which have and still
confront us.
When we arrived in Washington in January, we
naturally placed ourselves at the service of Senator
Gibson of Vermont (a Republican unfortunately), who
has always and still is deeply interested in the
welfare of the people of Guam. He has been out there
on two occasions and has seen, known and loved our
people which fact I presumed, prompted him to make
the statement before the Senate floor, that he has
never been to any American possession where he saw
United States subjects so loyal and respectful to
the American Flag as in the Island of Guam. We
asked him after our arrival in Washington to help
us obtain an audience with President Roosevelt so
that we may present him with some souveniers which
were prepared and donated by the people of Guam
as a token of their respect and admiration. Well,
Senator Gibson had called up Secretary McIntyre,
time and again requesting to grant us an interview
with the President and without results. Finally
to leave alone on the 17th of May and my Colleagu
I went to see Secretary McIntyre myself a few
will remain until probably Congress adjourns.
days before the President left for Louisiana, and
the Secretary said he would try, if time would allow
It is now my earnest desire to appeal to you
it, to arrange for an interview. After the President
if at all possible or within your power, to in-
left I received a telephone message from the White
tercede for us. Perhaps a Republican does not ha
House that Mr. McIntyre was very sorry but that he
a chance to see the President but a Democrat es-
couldn't make the arrangement due to very pressing
pecially one in your standing and knowing the
business that the President had.
President intimately as you do will find no dif-
ficulty in obtaining an audience for us, if just
Now, I am due to go back to my people with
for a few minutes in order to enable us to prese n
these souvenior articles in my hands and I know that
these souveniers to him.
the people of Guam will be deeply disappointed and
disillusioned in their esteem of our great President
Following is a list of the things we now hol
if I were to take their things back to Guam. It may
for the President:
also interest you to know that several years ago a
One hand made machete (with carabao horn
Guam citizen thru the influence of an Officer in
handle and four silver stars)
the Marine Corps, was granted an audience with the
One book case
President, while we two Guam Delegates representing
One Ifil wood cane (with Presidents name
the 21,000 inhabitants of Guam had been denied this
engraved on silver band around it.)
honor and special privilege. Are the inhabitants of
Guam after humbly submitting to American Military
For Mrs. Roosevelt:
rules for thirty-nine years, voluntarily offering
One Coffee table, Ifil
their lives to the defense of the Stars and Stripes
One pair of large shell boudoir lamps
in the last war, deserving of this humiliating
One cocoanut powder box.
treatment? There are many reasons other than the
above that I can cite to show and prove that we are
Should you be able to help us out of this ve:
not only deserving but entitled to see your President
embarrassing situation I can assure you that you
even for just a few minutes. But it is not my
will receive the deep appreciation and everlastin
intention to make this letter long. Surely those few
gratitude of a most generous and grateful people,
minutes which we asked for, time and again, could
the people of Guam.
have been spared sometime between January 1937 to
May 1, 1937.
Very sincerely yours,
Our people have affectionately entrusted their
things made by their own hands, into our care that
I feel duty-bound to try all possible means in order
to discharge this responsibility. It is only then,
B. J. Bordallo
that I can go back to Guam and face them with a
light heart and a clear conscience. I am planning
FILE NOTE:
Miss Barrows says that Mr. Bordallo came in on May 17th and presented
the gifts mentioned.
ilp
June 3, 1937.
My dear Mr. Bordallo:
Referring to your recent call at
the Executive Office, I am sending you this
note again to thank you, in behalf of the
President and Mrs. Roosevelt, for your cour-
tesy in presenting the souvenir articles sent
to them by the residents of Guam.
If an opportunity offers, will you
please be good enough to convey an expression
of the President's appreciation to those who
were interested in sending these souvenirs to
them?
Very sincerely yours,
M. A. LeHAND
Private Secretary
em
Baltasar J. Bordallo, Esq.,
1359 Columbia Road, N. W.,
Washington, D. C.
IRF- table,
RERO
THE The PRESIDENT White House thanked the for
OF ASSEMBLY
THITE HOUSE
IN TOKEN OF OUR ESTEEM AND ADMIRATION
9 1937
WE PRESENT YOU THIS SOUVENIR OF GUAM
ECEIVED
IN BEHALF OF OUR PEOPLE.
GUAM CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION
We also take this occasion to thank the President
for his favorable reception extended the Guam Delegates
and the encouraging statements made in reference to our
mission.
Very respectfuly yours,
B. J. Bordallo
F. B. Leon Guerrero
F.B. LEON GUERRERO
B.J. BORDALLO
VICE-CHAIRMAN, HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY
CHAIRMAN. HOUSE OF COUNCIL
Guam Congressional Delegation
Washington, D. C.
THE WHITE HOUSE
June 6, 1937
JUN I 1937
RECEIVED
The Honorable, Franklin D. Roosevelt
President of the United States
Executive Mansion
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. President:
In the name of the 21,000 unrecognized but loyal
"Americans" in Guam whom we have the honor to represent
before the United States Congress, we sincerely thank
you and Mrs. Roosevelt for your acknowledgment of appre-
ciation for the Guam souveniers.
We also take this occasion to thank the President
for his favorable reception extended the Guam Delegates
and the encouraging statements made in reference to our
mission.
Very respectfuly yours,
B. J. Bordallo
F. B. Leon Guerrero
Buchly
May 14, 1937
TPA q-B
you
My dear Mr. Black:
Tegrap
The President has read with interest
your kind letter of April twenty-sixth. He is
very glad indeed to have the picture to add to
his collection of family photographs and thanks
you ever so much for your friendly thought in
sending 1t to him.
He has asked me to convey his sincere
good wishes to you.
Very sincerely yours,
nur hemate
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
E. H. Black, Esq.,
Superintendent Bristow Public Schools,
Bristow,
Oklahoma.
es
X
BIOOUSE
E. H. BLACK, SUPERINTENDENT
BRISTOW. OKLAHOMA
April 26
19
Harils 37 to eall have
Honorable Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
President of the United States,
Executive Offices,
Washington, D. C.
Pus The add family The
Dear Mr. Roosevelt:
The city of Bristow had the honor of enter-
taining Mrs. Roosevelt during her tour of Oklahoma.
She stopped here to dedicate a building we had erected
for the youth of our community.
After her splendid address I presented her
a scroll from the Bristow chamber of commerce and ex-
tended the Roosevelts an invitation to make their home
on the banks of the Little Deep Fork after they have
finished their residence in the beautiful home on the
banks of the Potomac. The photographer took her picture
as she was responding to this invitation. It reveals her
wonderful personality SO well that I thought you would
like to have the photograph. Please accept it with my
compliments.
Respectfully yours,
EntBlack
EHB/lc
May 14, 1937
p.o.7.
My dear Mr. Boruff:
Mrs. Roosevelt has referred to me
your letter of May third, and I wish to as-
sure you that your kind thought of the Pres-
ident is greatly appreciated.
The length of the President's cane
is thirty-seven and a half inches.
Very sincerely yours,
M. A. Le Hand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Frederick L. Boruff, Esq.,
Lankershim Hotel,
San Francisco,
California.
elb
,
TELEPHONE
GARFIELD 6818
Wagner what pend
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 12, 1937
[ HOTEL
and
W
EET
MISSION
SCO
5/1/16
May 3rd, 1937.
MEMORANDUM FOR MISS LEHAND:
See Mrs. Roosevelt's
note on the back of letter;
"Give Missy and ask her to get
and send."
raham Lincoln X169 from
ighly, and for
rtune moment to
sident.
will be in the
f you will have one
resident prefers
sent me, I will
and will then send
her on Fathers' Day
ly I suggest you have
SS Reference Library,
le Public Library.
le very happy on
Forderrak Frederick Lineaen Lincoln Boruff. Boruff
TELEPHONE
GARFIELD 6818
ANKERSHIM HOTEL
whit
FIFTH STREET
BETWEEN MARKET & MISSION
SAN FRANCISCO
5/1/16
FIRE-PROOF HOTEL
AT MODERATE PRICES
May 3rd, 1937.
Mrs. Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
Seattle,
Washington.
My dear First Lady:
I have a cane made by Abraham Lincoln xx169 from
second growth hickory, which I value very highly, and for
several years have been waiting for an opportune moment to
present it to your husband, our beloved President.
I am of the opinion you will be in the
White House on Mothers' Day, May 9th, and if you will have one
of your big boys get the exact length the President prefers
(measured by yard stick) and have the same sent me, I will
have the cane adjusted to that measurement and will then send
to you and ask you go get your family together on Fathers' Day
for the presentation.
As an identification, may I suggest you have
Mr. or Mrs. Boettinger show you Vol.1, Press Reference Library,
which is available at their office or in the Public Library.
Trusting you will be made very happy on
Mothers' Day, I am,
Yours truly,
Frederrek Frederick Lineaen Lincoln Boruff. Boruff
will have Facit
Then send him
hill Refection
nb
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The willy okk her
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extired
HARRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes
-
pl.t
q-B
May 14, 1937
Bucker
My dear Friends:
The President was delighted to receive
those beautiful flowers which you presented to
him while in Houston, and has asked me to 000->
press his sincere appreciation of your friendly
thoughtfulness. He sends his very best wishes
to all of you.
Very sincerely yours,
Mr Latta
II. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Boy Scouts of America
x69
Club U.S.A., Troupe J,
c/o Lelss Dutch Gardens,
1109 Broadway,
Houston,
Texas.
es
RRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes
of Acouts of amina
pt a copy of a book entitled "Under Sail
anking Mr. Harris for his letter and say-
but W. S. aird a.
37,4/3781
Troupe I
1937
Bushly
1-12
My dear Friends:
The President was pleased to receive that
box of fine maple sugar and has asked no to express
his cordial appreciation of your Icind thought in
sending it to him. He wants you to know that he
is most grateful for this evidence of your good
will.
Very sincerely yours,
Mrs harrates
N. A. Lolland
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Brassknocker Farm,
East Craftsbury,
Vermont.
es
Lelsz
DUTCH GARDENS
POT PLANTS . Horist . SHRUBS
Phone 5213
1109 Broadway
AS Floust is in
Houston- cannot
locate Troupe
accept a copy of a book entitled "Under Sail
commander
:, thanking Mr. Harris for his letter and say-
P.P.7
May 17, 1937
Bushly
9-B
My dear Friends:
The President was pleased to receive that
box of fine maple sugar and has asked no to express
his cordial appreciation of your Icind thought in
sending it to him. He wants you to know that he
is most grateful for this evidence of your good
will.
Very sincerely yours,
Mrs harrates
M. 1. LoHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Brasslmocker Farm,
East Craftsbury,
Vermont.
es
HARRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes President asking if he will accept a copy of a book entitled "Under
to Greenland" President replied, May 21st, thanking Mr. Harris for his letter and Sail say-
P.P.7
May 17, 1937
Buckly
9-B
My dear Friends:
The President was pleased to receive that
box of fine maple sugar and has asked me to express
his cordial appreciation of your Icind thought in
sending it to him. He wants you to know that he
is most grateful for this evidence of your good
will.
Very sincerely yours,
Mrs harrates
N. 1. LoHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Brasslmocker Farm,
East Craftsbury,
Vermont.
es
HARRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes President asking if he will accept a copy of a book entitled
7
to ing Greenland" he will be President replied, May 21st, thanking Mr. Harris for his letter "Under and Sail say-
delighted to have the copy of the book.
P.P.7
q-B
May 17, 1937
Buchly
My dear Mr. Beveridge:
The President has asked no to express
his appreciation of your courtesy in sending
him a copy of the book "Acts of the 42nd
Legislature of West Virginia". He is glad to
have the volume.
Very sincerely yours,
Filicare
N. 4. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
R. R. Beveridge, Esq.,
Pursglove,
West Virginia.
es
HARRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes President asking if he will accept a copy of a book entitled "Under Sail
to Greenland" President replied, May 21st, thanking Mr. Harris for his letter and say-
ing he will be delighted to have the copy of the book.
SEE P.P.F. 2877
P.P.F. F.
PP7 q-B
May 18, 1937
Buchly
My dear Rabbi Bloom:
The President thanks you very much indeed
for your courtesy in sending him the inscribed
copy of your book. He is glad to have the volume
and deeply appreciates your kind thoughtfulness.
He asks me to convey his best wishes to
you.
Very sincerely yours,
TP
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Rabbi Herbert I. Bloom,
225 Main Street,
Kingston,
New York.
HARRIS, Ray Baker
Washington, D. C.,
May 19, 1937.
Writes President asking if he will accept a copy of a book entitled "Under
to Greenland" he will - President replied, May 21st, thanking Mr. Harris for his letter and Sail say-
ing be delighted to have the copy of the book.
SEE P.P.F. 2877
P.P.F. P. F.
9-B
Buchy
37
Pet
May 19, 1937
9-B
My dear Mrs. Burleson:
It was nice of you to send that gift
to the President in Galveston and I want to
assure you that he appreciates the friendly
spirit which prompted your act.
Very sincerely yours,
M.A.LeHand
not
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Mrs. Richard Coke Burleson,
Galveston,
Texas.
ek
\
Why dear we President
as d Could not have
37
the great honor at what
1937
of
Mrs. Richard boke Burleson
5/1798
hour in galueston please
your presence at my
accept the specialite
xican blanket.
de la maison.
br
P.P.7
9-B
37
May 24, 1937
of
KAHN, Eugene H.,
Phila., Pa.
May 21, 1937.
Presents Mr. McIntyre with a Mexican blanket.
See M.H.McI-Gffts-
br
P.P.7
9-B
37
May 24, 1937
May 21, 1937
P.P.7
q-B
Respectfully referred to the State
Department.
M. H. MeINTYRE
Assistant Secretary
to the President
er/
Nicolas Teofilo Kraglievich, San Juan 3148 Buenos Aires, Argentina,
Booklet: "Desierto" and Book: "John Pueblo's reflections".
Josefina Passadori, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Book: "Geografia de
America".
Bren Dallander, Hyresgasternas Forlage A.B. Stockholm, Sweden.
Book: "H.S.B." illustrating work of the Swedish Housing
Corporation.
Dorothea Blom, Kristiansand,? 3 bookless: "Harbardliod;
Grimnismal; Svipdagmae".
Demetrio Lemos, Hotel Rio Branco, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Magazine: "Revista do club Militar".
P.P.7
May 24, 1937
9-B
My dear Mr. Bandler
Your letter of May fourteenth has
been received and the President asks me to
thank you for your courtesy in sending him
the book to which you refer. He appreciates
this evidence of your interest and your good
will.
Very sincerely yours,
Min Lanaher
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
David Bandler, Esq.,
25 Broad Street,
New York, N.Y.
es
DAVID BANDLER
ached
ATTORNEY AT LAW
5/24/37
25 BROAD STREET
peep
TELEPHONE HANOVER 2-1000
NEW YORK, N.Y.
May 14, 1937.
Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States,
Washington,
D.C.
My dear Mr. President:
I am sending you under separate cover,
a book entitled - "Death to Panics and Depressions. Higher
Wages and Lower Prices. An end to Excessive Profits. A
Remedy".
As the purposes advocated in this book
are the same as those which have been urged by you, I trust
that the remedy suggested will meet with your approval, and
if so, that you will have it properly applied to accomplish
those purposes.
Very respectfully yours,
Warid Bandler
Wadsworth, Kans
np7,
First
Bubly
q-B
May 25, 1937
My dear Mrs. Birchfield:
Your letter has been received and the
President end Mrs. Roosevelt thank you very
much for your courtesy in sending them that
beautiful / crocheted pillow, a product of your
own handiwork. They want you to lanow that your
friendly thoughtfulness is deeply appreciated
and have asked me to convey their best wishes
to you.
Very sincerely yours,
the Lanaber
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Mrs. J. F. Birchfield,
Box 174,
Paint Rock,
Alabama.
es
Wadsworth, Kans
I
and
alsoh
5/25/33 &
pp7.7
5/25
of
dear Mrs + mr Roasenelt
I am send you
of the Navy thanking him in
a preason it in not
copy of the "Annuaire de la
much but I want
to send your sampy
I have sald
this Wenter to kuh
My little girl in
school and have
I can Let samply
J els to da by
Nett menter far
I eant sell Na
M are hear it
will be mash
loak better when
up but it will
it is ant dayare to
L
P.7.7.
Aa I hape to
hear bath from you
of the Navy thanking him in
copy of the "Annuaire de la
your
tenty
very
mes If It Birchpild ham
Pant Bach
Bat / 74
ala
Wadsworth, Kans
pp7
vah.
THE HONORABLE
THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
Washington, D. C.
May 26, 1937
On above date Miss LeHand wrote to the Secretary of the Navy thanking him in
Marine Francaise, 1937" (book) to him.
the President's behalf for his kindness in sending the copy of the "Annuaire de la
See 18
P.P.7,
9-B
P.P.7.
May 27, 1937
9-B
My dear Mr. Bingham:
Your letter of May eighteenth has been
received and the President has read it with
interest. He thanks you very much for your
courtesy in sending him that beautifully carved
cane and wants you to know that he deeply appre-
ciates the friendly thought which prompted you
to present it to him.
Very sincerely yours,
TA,
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Lonnie Bingham, Esq.,
Wadsworth,
Kansas.
es
donnee Bingham,
Wadsworth,
Co. 9.
Kans
Wadsworth Kans
1937.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Barn up present J hope you will accept, it is am
Thank
ack
5/24/2
Washington, D. C.
E
Dear Friend, - I am sending your
orramemtal or novelty came, their is no more like it
in the country J think, as it is my our idea of a
strong light novelty care, I thinks and have been told
you use an came some and g thought male you
would enjoy this one once in a while for a change
every one that has seem it thinks it is a good design
and mabe it will suit you to,
Bottom, I act the little tree late last fall green
It is made of Willows from the Missouri River
and bent the havidle and dried it am Trago of an steam
radiator and threragh the cold days last winter
I carved it areat and finished it up. it is all hand
work with a pocket knife and sand paper, it takes
lots of time and patience for that Kind of work,
Willow is an tough light wood and I think it
will be strong enough.
I thought it would be a big thing for me to
make an came for the President of then United States
and 2 hope it pleases you as a novelty.
2 will mail it Parsal Post in a round package,
the taken it out handle first as it will not through
package with areat scratching the handle. go
Very Respectfully,
Lonnie Bingham,
Wadsworth,
Co.9. 9.
Kans.
Bulla
May 28, 1937
P.P.7.
9-B
My dear Mr. Broxmeyer:
Your note has been received and I want
to thank you in the President's behalf for your
courtesy in sending him your drawing. I can
assure you that he will appreciate your thought-
fulness.
Very sincerely yours,
M. A. LeHand
PRIVATE SECRETARY
Louis Bruxmeyer, Esq.,
251 Vernon Avenue,
Brooklyn,
New York.
es
dent Brooklyn. book N. Y. MY
accept my drawing
wishes from and
Sincerely ropmeyer
TA Dear 251 Vernon President Ave, Brooklyn. book N.Y. MY
admirer. and best wishes from and
Kindly accept my drawing
Sincerely Bropmeyon