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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: 2009-0275-S 2009-0275-S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection Series: Chronological Files Subseries: OA/ID Number: 91148 Folder ID Number: 91148-009 Folder Title: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 34 48 6 6 Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Doc. No. / Type Subject/Title Date Restriction Classification 01. Report Re: Political Committee: Dublin, 19-20 April; Lithuania (5 pp.) n.d. (b)(1) C 02a. Summary Re: Heads of State Correspondence Summary (1 pp.) 4/24 (b)(1) C 02b. Letter Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to President Bush (2 pp.) 4/10/89 (b)(1) 02c. Letter Prime Minister Anibal Cavaco Silva to President Bush (2 pp.) 4/17/90 (b)(1) 02d. Letter Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers to President Bush (2 pp.) 4/18/90 (b)(1) 03a. Memo Brent Scowcroft to J. Stapleton Roy 5/1/90 (b)(1) Re: Memorandum of Conversation with President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria (1 pp.) 03b. Telcon Re: Telephone Conversation with Presidentt Hafiz al-Assad of 4/23/90 (b)(1) Syria (4 pp.) 03c. Telcon C. David Welch to Brent Scowcroft 4/27/90 (b)(1) Re: Memorandum of Conversation with President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria (1 pp.) 04a. Memo Brent Scowcroft to POTUS 4/23/90 (b)(1) Re; Telephone Call to President Assad of Syria (2 pp.) Page 1 of 3 Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Pinksheet Number: cap1240 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 Date Closed: 7/10/2009 FOIA/Sys Case #: 2009-0275-S Re-review Case #: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Doc. No. / Type Subject/Title Date Restriction Classification 04b. Talking Points Re: Points To Be Made for Telephone Conversation with n.d. (b)(1) $ President Assad (2 pp.) 04c. Cable Department of State 3/15/90 (b)(1) Re: Letter to Syrian President Hafiz al-Assad (3 pp.) 04d. Cable To White House, Re: Letter Presented to the Ambassador by 12/23/89 (b)(1) S Minister of State Nasser Qaddur [231914Z Dec 89] [FOIA restrictions redacted] (5 pp.) 04e. Memo C. David Welch to Brent Scowcroft 4/23/90 (b)(1) Re: Telephone Call to President Assad of Syria (1 pp.) 05a. Memo Brent Scowcroft to POTUS 4/27/90 Re: Telephone Call to President Barco of Colombia (1 pp.) 05b. Talking Points Re: Points To Be Made for Telephone Conversation with n.d. (b)(1) President Barco (1 pp.) 05c. Note Re: Situation Room Note (1 pp.) 4/26/90 (b)(1) 05d. Memo Donald C. Johnson to Brent Scowcroft 4/27/90 (b)(1) Re: Telephone Call to President Barco of Colombia (1 pp.) 06a. Memo Wendy Chamberlin to Brent Scowcroft 5/1/90 (b) (1) Re: Annual Submission to Congress of "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" Report (2 pp.) Page 2 of 3 Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Pinksheet Number: cap1240 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 Date Closed: 7/10/2009 FOIA/Sys Case #: 2009-0275-S Re-review Case #: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Doc. No. / Type Subject/Title Date Restriction Classification 06b. Report Re: Sensitivities in the Legislatively-Mandated Report "Patterns n.d. (b)(1) of Global Terrorism - 1989" (4 pp.) 07a. Memo From Brent Scowcroft to POTUS, Re: Notions of American 5/14/90 (b)(1) S "Decline": Addendum [FOIA restrictions redacted] (1 pp.) 07b. Cable Re: Consensus Among Africans That the Nonaligned Movement 4/12/90 (b)(1) S and Group 77 Are Deteriorating Rapidly as a Result of Superpower Rapprochement and Communism's Collapse (3 pp.) 07c. Memo Peter W. Rodman to Brent Scowcroft 5/2/90 (b)(1) S Re: Notions of American "Decline": Addendum (1 pp.) Page 3 of 3 Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Pinksheet Number: cap1240 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 Date Closed: 7/10/2009 FOIA/Sys Case #: 2009-0275-S Re-review Case #: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: CONFIDENTIAL RECORD ID: 9003151 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 23 APR 90 12 TO: SCOWCROFT CHRON FILE FROM: GATES DOC DATE: 20 APR 90 SOURCE REF: KEYWORDS: USSR EC other PERSONS: SUBJECT: RPT ON POLITICAL COM / DUBLIN / RE LITHUANIA ACTION: NOTED BY SCOWCROFT DUE DATE: 26 APR 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: NONE LOGREF: FILES: PA NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO BLACKWILL MELBY RICE DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSMDC CLOSED BY: NSMDC DOC 1 OF 1 CONF IDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL RECORD ID: 9003151 ACTION DATA SUMMARY REPORT DOC ACTION OFFICER CAO ASSIGNED ACTION REQUIRED 001 X 90042312 NOTED BY SCOWCROFT DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 CONFIDENTIAL 0101 CLASSIFICATION CIRCLE ONE BELOW MODE PAGES 6 IMMEDIATE SECURE FAX # 15 DTG 3022207APRa 2022207 APRa PRIORITY ADMIN FAX # RELEASER 89 ROUTINE FROM/LOCATION 1. Robert Gates / White House / Washington, D.C TO/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT Orlando 1. Brent Scowcroft / = / Florida 2. 3. APNSA Has Seen 4. 5. 6. 7. INFORMATION ADDEES/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT 1. 2. 1 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/REMARIS: DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 CONFIDENTIAL By CAP NARA, Date7/10/09 7/10/09 CLASSIFICATION THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 20 April 1990 DELIVER TO SCOWCROFT NEXT ROUTINE TIME TO: Brent Scowcroft FROM: Robert Gates Attached is a report from the British on the EC Political Committee Meeting Thursday and Friday. Recommend you look at the draft EC statement on Lithuania on very last page. Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 01. Report Re: Political Committee: Dublin, 19-20 April; Lithuania (5 n.d. (b)(1) C pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act- [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile. CONFIDENTIAL RECORD ID: 9003105 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 20 APR 90 14 CHRON FILE TO: SCOWCROFT FROM: VAN ERON DOC DATE: 20 APR 90 SITTMANN SOURCE REF: KEYWORDS: HS NETHERLANDS PORTUGAL GREAT BRITAIN other PERSONS: LUBBERS, RUUD CAVACO SILVA, ANIBAL THATCHER, MARGARET SUBJECT: HS CORRESPONDENCE SUMMARY FOR 20 APR ACTION: NOTED BY PRES DUE DATE: 24 APR 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: VAN ERON LOGREF: FILES: WH NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 BYCAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY 'v. DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSJRP CLOSED BY: NSLMS DOC 1 OF 1 CONFIDENTIAL Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 02a. Summary Re: Heads of State Correspondence Summary (1 pp.) 4/24 (b)(1) C Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Document Partially Declassified Series: Chronological Files (Copy of Document Follows) Subseries: By Es On 7/19/22 WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: 2010-0772-MR (501) AR Disposition: MR Disposition: Released in Part AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: 2/2/2015 RESTRICTION CODES Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] Deed of Gift Restrictions (b)(1) National security classified information C(1) Closed by Executive Order 13526, governing access to national (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an security information agency C(2) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the information (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute C(3) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial gift [formerly listed as only C] information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement Presidential Records Act [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] purposes (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] financial institutions P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President and (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information his advisors, or between such advisors [(a)(5) of the PRA] concerning wells CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL CHRON FILE GEORGE H.W. 501 HSn8 3105 2010-0772-M THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN Heads of State Correspondence Summary 24-24 PRESIDENTIAL Prime Minister Lubbers of the Netherlands - April 18, 1990 (Received April 19) PM Lubbers acknowledges U.S. support for the agreement which established the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) He is concerned about the appointment of a President for the EBRD and remarks that Mr. Ruding was nominated for the post and was generally acclaimed as the right man for the position. Since then, Mr. Attali has been nominated as President and is 1.4(b); 1.4(d) being supported by President Mitterrand. Prime Minister Silva of Portugal - April 17, 1990 (Received April 18) PM Silva informs you that President Pinta da Costa, of the Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, intends to announce his candidacy as Chairman of the Organization of African Unity. Although the U.S. and Portugal, are not members of the OAU, both could provide positive support to Pinta da Costa's candidacy. Silva also believes that the peace process in Mozambique will soon result in direct talks between the Government and Renamo. Angola and Luanda have also agreed to participate in direct negotiations. Silva suggests that it would also be advantageous to hold these negotiations in Portugal. Prime Minister Thatcher of the UK - April 10, 1990 (Received April 18) PM Thatcher acknowledges your March 26 letter concerning the site for the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. She notes your comments about Prague, but believes that locating the EBRD in London would allow it to function with maximum efficiency. 1.4(b); 1.4(d) DECLASSIFIED IN PART CONFIDENTIAL PER E.O. 13526 Declassify on: OADR CONFIDENTIAL 2010-0772-MR Es 2/5/15 Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 02b. Letter Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to President Bush (2 pp.) 4/10/89 (b)(1) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile. 3039 EMBAIXADA DE PORTUGAL WASHINGTON PRES NOTED SUMMARY His Excellency The President of the United States of America Mr. George Bush Washington, D.C. Lisbon April 17, 1990 Dear George, The President of the Republic of S. Tome and Principe, Manuel Pinto da Costa, intends to present his candidacy to the Chairmanship of the Organization of African Unity. His is a small african nation of Portuguese expression, with whom Portugal maintains appreciable level of cooperation. Mr. Pinto da Costa, with whom I maintain cordial relations, has recently initiated a democratization process there with the institution of a multi party system. I believe that President Pinto da Costa deserves to be supported in his candidacy. Although our two countries are not members of the O.A.U. I believe that the joint intervention of the United States and Portugal toward our African friends would have a positive effect in the possible election of the President of S. Tome and Principe. The President of Mozambique, Joaquim Chissano, was recently in Lisbon. After a long exchange of views I am convinced that the peace process in Mozambique can soon reach the stage of direct talks between the Government and Renamo. The same applies to Angola where the Government of Luanda and Unita have already stated that they are willing to accept direct negotiations. Portugal as the former colonial power of both Angola and Mozambique, gathers the right conditions for some of those meetings, whether between Angolans or Mozambicans, to be reld here. In what concerns Angola, Unita itself has out foward the possibility of the meetings taking place 10 Lisbon, and I have been informed that the Angolan Government would consider that cossibility favourably. I think that would be important for the West and for the cause of peace and that this would be an environment more adequate than any other. My wife and I treasure in our memory the very pleasant moments that we have spent at the White House last January and send our best wishes to Barbara. In friendship, Signed: Anibal Cavaco Silva Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 02d. Letter Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers to President Bush (2 pp.) 4/18/90 (b)(1) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile. SECRET RECORD ID: 9003169 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 23 APR 90 18 TO: ROY, J CHRON FILE FROM: SCOWCROFT DOC DATE: 01 MAY 90 SOURCE REF: other KEYWORDS: SYRIA TELCON PERSONS: ASSAD, HAFIZ SUBJECT: MEMO OF TELCON W/ PRES ASSAD OF SYRIA ACTION: GATES SGD MEMO DUE DATE: 26 APR 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: WELCH LOGREF: FILES: WH NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO WELCH DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY Am DATE 5/1 BY HAND WATTCH W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSJRP CLOSED BY: NSAMM DOC 3 OF 3 SECRET SECRET/NODIS 3169 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON May 1, 1990 MEMORANDUM FOR J. STAPLETON ROY Executive Secretary Department of State SUBJECT: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation with President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria (U) Stape - Attached at Tab A is a copy of the Memorandum of Telephone Conversation between the President and President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria, April 23, 1990. I am providing this memorandum with the understanding that distribution will be limited to 7th floor principals, the NEA Assistant Secretary and Ambassador Djerejian only. ($) Brent Scowcroft Attachment Tab A Memorandum of Telephone Conversation DECLASSIFIED SECRET/NODIS PER E.O. 13526 Declassify on: OADR SECRET 2010-0772MR Ef 2/2/15 SECRET SECRET/NODIS 3169 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON MEMORANDUM OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATION SUBJECT: Telephone Conversation with President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria (U) PARTICIPANTS: The President President Hafiz al-Assad Notetaker: David Welch Interpreter: Shukran Kamal DATE, TIME April 23, 1990, 1:31 - 1:59 p.m. AND PLACE: The Oval Office President Bush initiated the call. The President: Mr. President, I'm George Bush. How are you? (U) President Assad: Greetings to you, Mr. President. Thank you very much. How are you? (U) President Bush: Mr. President, let me say first of all that I am pleased to have this opportunity to talk to you personally. You' re very kind to take my call, and I hope that in the future you will not hesitate to call me if there is something you would like to discuss. (U) President Assad: Thank you. I'm very happy to talk with you. I will speak to you in the future if there are matters that would be helped if we were to talk together. (U) President Bush: It is good that our first conversation comes at. a moment of joy for Robert Polhill and his family. Mr. President, I want you to know how sincerely thankful I am for your personal efforts for the release of Mr. Polhill. I know that this could not have been accomplished without Syria, and I am grateful. I have said this publicly. In my public remarks, I have also signalled my appreciation of Iran's role, although I am not sure I fully understand what that was. But if they did play a helpful role, then I'm grateful. (U) DECLASSIFIED SECRET/NODIS Declassify on: OADR PER E.O. 12958, SECRET AS AMENDED 2000-0429-F 0429- 8/21/2009 MM SECRET SECRET/NODIS 2 President Bush: In my last letter to you, I wrote of the importance of the hostages to me and to my country. I just know that you took my words seriously, as demonstrated by recent events. I realize that you have the other innocent Western hostages on your mind, SO I think you will understand that my thoughts have now turned to them. I would like to close this sad chapter. With mutual respect and cooperation, I think you and I can work together to do this. I have said that goodwill begets goodwill, and I mean it. As I hope was clear in my messages to you, I truly believe in the possibility of better U.S. -Syrian relations. I wanted you to hear that directly from me. I am willing to work toward this goal, with fairness and objectivity on my part. Your recent role in the release of Polhill has increased the chances for success; I believe that the chances are brighter now. And now, sir, I would be delighted to hear from you. President Assad: I share your pleasure about the release of the western hostage yesterday. I was very happy that we were able to make a contribution to this noble, humanitarian effort. Syrian officials and citizens were following all the events on the television news, regarding Polhill and his release. We appreciate the importance of the hostages question and their situation -- including Polhill but also the others. We want this situation to end. We undoubtedly realize and we hope that you recall the efforts we made in the past to obtain the release of other hostages. (U) President Bush: I do indeed, and with gratitude. (U) President Assad: In every instance, we felt happy to offer our assistance. Of course, I read with care your letter. The letter strengthened the impression I had of the importance of the hostage question, not just to you but to the U.S. people and to the world. I agree that we must work together to get this matter to the best resolution. I also want to affirm that with regard to your comment on Iran, Iran played a very important role and we cooperated closely with Iran. Iran and Syria have been looking into the matter for some time. We sensed on their part earnestness and sincerity regarding this matter. An agreement between us was necessary to achieve successfully the result that was achieved. I wanted to make this clear to you, Mr. President, so that the picture would be clear to all of us at this time. I repeat that we will work with you to alleviate the pain of the families and to relieve it altogether. () President Bush: I'm convinced that a new day is possible -- at least from the American standpoint -- with Iran if all the hostages are out. We can then open a new book and turn a fresh leaf. But we must get them out. I have said that goodwill SECRET/NODIS SECRET SECRET/NODIS 3 begets goodwill, and I was serious when I said that, but I cannot operate on a piecemeal basis. I cannot relax as long as one American is held. When no Americans are held, then relations will be instantly improved. You can pass this on through your Foreign Minister or others. () President Assad: That's true. Our conversation between us now is an important conversation. It will help all the parties, especially Iran. I have my impression and I know that you are serious when you speak to me about these matters. The spirit and atmosphere of this conversation will help us and those who will be working with us in achieving what we want to achieve. This matter requires patience, persistence and wisdom. We all must have these three requirements, but the most important thing is that we should persevere. President Bush: We appreciate the cooperation of your Foreign Minister, Mr. Shara', who personally helped and was very cooperative with our Ambassador. I hope you will convey my respects and gratitude to him. I know Secretary Baker sent him a message. If you don't mind, please tell him I noted his role and I'm grateful. (U) President Assad: Thank you. The Foreign Minister informed me this morning that Secretary Baker had called him last night. Actually, the Foreign Minister was very delighted with the release of Polhill. There is no doubt that he has the enthusiasm to continue his efforts in this matter. (U) President Bush: Thank you for the time that you gave to Senator Dole and his colleagues. They gave me a debriefing of their visit and their meeting with you, and I thank you for seeing them. (U) President Assad: Thank you. Senator Dole left a good impression in Syria. The impressions and good feelings he left were different than the impressions and feelings left by other U.S. official visitors. I hope that his views are not far from your views. (U) President Bush: He's a good man. He knows you have an important role to play in the quest for an overall peace in the Middle East and Dole made that clear to me after he met with you. (U) President Assad: I'm certain that Senator Dole conveyed the spirit of our talk. We agreed regarding the importance of peace in the area. We also agreed on the interest of all parties inside and outside the area to reach a comprehensive peace settlement. Peace cannot be complete unless it is comprehensive, and there will be no stability without comprehensive peace. (U) SECRET/NODIS SECRET SECRET/NODIS 4 President Bush: I understand. I wish you well, Mr. President, and I have great gratitude to you for the significant role you played in freeing this man. If you have any ideas on how to get the others out, I would welcome hearing from you directly or through Ambassador Djerejian, my able Ambassador in whom I have full confidence. (S) President Assad: God willing. Thank you. I hope we will talk again in the future and I hope that we will achieve more success in the future. (U) President Bush: Thanks. I would like to wish you and the Syrian people a blessed 'Id holiday. (U) President Assad: If necessary, we will continue our communications through the channels you have suggested. I wish you good health. Good-bye. (U) SECRET NODIS SECRET OLUALR SECRET/NODIS 3169 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506 April 27, 1990 SIGNED ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT THROUGH: RICHARD N. HAASS R FROM: C. DAVID WELCH SUBJECT: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation with President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria Attached at Tab I is a memorandum to Stapleton Roy forwarding a copy of the Memorandum of Telephone Conversation between the President and President Hafiz al-Assad of Syria. The memo to Roy asks that the distribution of the MEMCON be controlled tightly. RECOMMENDATION That you sign the memo to Stapleton Roy at Tab I. Attachments Tab I Memo to Roy Tab A Memorandum of Telephone Conversation DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 13526, SEC 3.4 (b), September 11, 2006 By MM NARA, Date 10/23/2013 SECRET/NODIS Declassify on: OADR SECRET SECRET RECORD ID: 9003129 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 23 APR 90 09 TO: PRESIDENT CHRON FILE FROM: SCOWCROFT DOC DATE: 23 APR 90 SOURCE REF: other KEYWORDS: SYRIA TELCALL PERSONS: ASSAD, HAFIZ SUBJECT: PRES TELCALL TO PRES ASSAD OF SYRIA ON 23 APR / TALKING POINTS ACTION: NOTED BY PRES DUE DATE: 26 APR 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: WELCH LOGREF: FILES: PA NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO WELCH DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSMDC CLOSED BY: NSMDC DOC 2 OF 2 SECRET SECRET RECORD ID: 9003129 ACTION DATA SUMMARY REPORT DOC ACTION OFFICER CAO ASSIGNED ACTION REQUIRED 001 SCOWCROFT Z 90042311 FWD TO PRES FOR INFORMATION 002 PRESIDENT Z 90042311 FOR INFORMATION 002 X 90042411 NOTED BY PRES DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 SECRET SECKET CONFIDENTIAL 3129 with SECRET/NODIS Attachment THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 1900 APR 23 PM !?: 08 April 23, 1990 FOR: THE PRESIDENT B FROM: BRENT SCOWCROFT SUBJECT: Telephone Call to President Assad of Syria DATE: April 23, 1990 PURPOSE: To thank President Assad for Syria's help in Robert Polhill's release. SECURE OR OPEN: Open Line Call INTERPRETER: President Assad requires an Arabic interpreter. However, he understands English quite well; the interpretation gives him time to formulate his thoughts. He is a deliberate, sometimes elliptical speaker. PHONE NUMBER: 450-211 TIME DIFFERENCE: +7 Hours SUGGESTED TIMES: 1:00 - 1:55 p.m., EDT TOPICS OF 1. Express gratitude for Syria's help DISCUSSION: in the release of Robert Polhill and particularly for President Assad's responsiveness to your request (in your letter of March 15 -- Tab B) for help. 2. Indicate your understanding that Iran played a role in this release and point out that you acknowledged that role in public. 3. State your hope that efforts to secure release of the remaining Western DECLASSIFIED hostages can proceed forthwith so that PER E.O. 13526 this chapter can be put behind us. 2010-0772-MR Es 2/2/15 CONFIDENTIAL CC: Vice President with SECRET/NODIS Attachment Chief of Staff Declassify on: OADR SECRET 174070 CONFIDENTIAL 2 with SECRET NODIS Attachment 4. Reaffirm to Assad, as noted in your letters to him, that you are willing to pursue better U.S. -Syrian relations, that you want to be fair and objective in doing so, and that the possibilities for progress are brighter. Date of Submission: Action: Attachments Tab A Points to be Made Tab B March 15, 1990 Letter to President Assad Tab C December 23, 1989 Letter from President Assad CONFIDENTIAL with SECRET NODIS Attachment SECRET OLVAL CONFIDENTIAL with SECRET NODIS Attachment POINTS TO BE MADE FOR TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH PRESIDENT ASSAD Mr. President, let me say first of all that I am pleased to have this opportunity to talk to you personally. You are very kind to take my call, and I hope that in the future you would not hesitate to call me if there is something on your mind. It is good that our first conversation comes at a moment of joy for Robert Polhill and his family. Mr. President, I am sincerely thankful for your personal efforts for the release of Mr. Polhill. I know that this could not have been accomplished without Syria, and I am grateful. In my public remarks, I also signalled my appreciation of Iran's role. I'm if qrateful Iran helpful for un In my last letter to you, I wrote of the importance of the hostages to me and to my country. I know that you took my words seriously, as demonstrated by recent events. I realize that you have the other innocent Western hostages on your mind also, so I think you will understand that my thoughts have now turned to them. I would like to close this sad chapter. With mutual respect and cooperation, I think you and I can work together to do this. I have said that goodwill begets goodwill, and I mean it. CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED with SECRET NODIS Attachment Declassify on: OADR PER E.O. 13526 2010-0772-14R SECRET Es 2/2/15 OCURE CONFIDENTIAL 2 with SECRET NODIS Attachment -- As I hope was clear in my messages to you, I truly believe in the possibility of better U.S. -Syrian relations. I am willing to work toward this goal, with fairness and objectivity on my part. Our chances for success have, I believe, brightened considerably. -- Again, Mr. President, I thank you for your help. Thank you too for the courtesy and hospitality you extended to Senator Dole and his delegation. May I offer you and the Syrian people my best wishes for a blessed 'Id (EYE-eed) holiday. CONFIDENTIAL with SECRET NODIS Attachment SECRET K Op state SECRET 575-0 OUTGOING Department of State 200_n of STATE UNITED AMERICA PAGE 02 OF 04 STATE 982729 C01/06 002406 NOD473 ORIGIN NODS-00 INFO LOG-00 ADS- 00 /000 R DRAFTED BY: NEA: TEXT AS RECEIVED FROM WHITE HOUSE: KLO APPROVED BY: NEA: JHKELLY NEA: JCOVEY S/P: DROSS. S/S: JSROY S/S-0 GSTAPLES DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S/S FOR STAPLETON ROY EYES ONLY 020032 150011Z /61 0 150006Z MAR 90 ZFF6 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY DAMASCUS NIACT IMMEDIATE SECRET STATE 082729 NODIS EYES ONLY FOR AMBASSADOR DJEREJIAN E.0. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PTER, LE, SY SUBJECT: LETTER TO SYRIAN PRESIDENT HAFIZ AL- ASSAD 1. (SECRET - - ENTIRE TEXT.) 2. PLEASE DELIVER ASAP THE FOLLOWING LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT TO SYRIAN PRESIDENT HAFIZ AL-ASSAD. 3. BEGIN TEXT: DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: THANK YOU FOR YOUR LETTER OF DECEMBER 23. I PARTICULARLY APPRECIATE THE THOUGHTFUL WORDS ABOUT OUR OVERALL RELATIONSHIP FOLLOWING YOUR GRACIOUS RECEPTION OF GENERAL DECLASSIFIED PER E.O. 13526 SECRET 0773-MR Mill 10/17/2016 OO exate SECKET OUTGOING Department of State GELINO / 200_0 STATE or PAGE 03 OF 04 STATE 982729 C01/06 002406 NOD473 WALTERS WHO REPORTED FULLY TO ME ON YOUR CONVERSATION. I WANTED TO WRITE YOU, MR. PRESIDENT ABOUT ONE MATTER THAT IS VERY MUCH ON MY MIND AND OF GREAT CONCERN TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. IN RECENT DAYS, I HAVE NOTED MANY STATEMENTS, REPORTS, PRESS STORIES, AND RUMORS ABOUT THE HOSTAGES HELD IN LEBANON. NOTWITHSTANDING THE DUBIOUS MERITS OF SOME OF THESE ACCOUNTS, I AM COMMITTED TO EXAMINING EACH ONE USING OUR OWN INFORMATION AND MEANS. FOR OBVIOUS REASONS, HOWEVER, OUR ABILITY TO INFLUENCE THOSE HOLDING THESE INNOCENT PEOPLE IS LIMITED. YOU HAVE RECIPROCATED MY EXPRESSED DEEPLY FELT INTEREST IN FREEDOM FOR THE HOSTAGES WITH AN OFFER TO HELP. I WOULD BE GRATEFUL FOR ANYTHING YOU CAN DO WITH IRAN OR IN LEBANON TO SPEED THEIR RELEASE. TO THIS I ADD A SPECIAL POINT: I HAVE LEARNED THAT SHEIKH FADLALLAH MAY BE IN POSSESSION OR_ CONTROL OF THE REMAINS OF COLONEL HIGGINS. WE WANT HIS BODY, MR. PRESIDENT, SO THAT THIS BRAVE AMERICAN SOLDIER MAY REST IN PEACE IN HIS OWN SOIL. IN CLOSING, LET ME JUST ADD THE FACT THAT ONE OF MY PREDECESSORS, JIMMY CARTER, IS VISITING SYRIA. HIS VISIT IS NOT OFFICIAL BUT PURELY PRIVATE. I KNOW FROM PAST EXPERIENCE THAT YOU WILL EXTEND HIM EVERY COURTESY. OF COURSE, ANY COMMUNICATION RELATING TO SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES, INCLUDING THE HOSTAGES, SHOULD BE THROUGH OUR VERY ABLE AMBASSADOR EDWARD DJEREJIAN. PLEASE ACCEPT MY PERSONAL GOOD WISHES WITH RESPECT SINCERELY, SECRET - - 0 DEPARTMENT STATE OUTGOING Department of State : STATES GELINO AMERICA PAGE 94 OF 04 STATE 082729 C01/06 002406 NOD473 GEORGE BUSH HIS EXCELLENCY HAFIZ AL - ASSAD PRESIDENT OF THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC DAMASCUS END TEXT. 3. ANY RESPONSES TO THIS LETTER OR OTHER TRAFFIC MAKING REFERENCE TO IT SHOULD BE IN THIS CHANNEL SLUGGED "S/S FOR STAPLETON ROY EYES ONLY. BAKER SECRET Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 04d. Cable To White House, Re: Letter Presented to the Ambassador by 12/23/89 (b)(1) S Minister of State Nasser Qaddur [231914Z Dec 89] [FOIA restrictions redacted] (5 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Document Partially Declassified Series: Chronological Files (Copy of Document Follows) By MM on 3/27/2023 Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: 2010-0773-MR(503.03) AR Disposition: MR Disposition: Released in Part AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: 10/17/2016 RESTRICTION CODES Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)] Deed of Gift Restrictions (b)(1) National security classified information C(1) Closed by Executive Order 13526, governing access to national (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an security information agency C(2) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the information (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute C(3) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial gift [formerly listed as only C] information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement Presidential Records Act |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] purposes (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] financial institutions P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President and (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information his advisors, or between such advisors [(a)(5) of the PRA] concerning wells PRIVACY IN <PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> SECRET 1.4(c) <DTG> 2319142 DEC 89 1.4(c); 1.4(d) <TO>TO THE WHITE HOUSE PRESIDENTIAL" <TEXT>ZEM SECRET 231914Z DEC 89 VIA PRIVACY CHANNELS BUSH 503.03 SECTION 1 OF 2 LIBRARY FM AMBASSADOR DJERIJIAN, 1.4(c) SECTION 01 OF 02 TO NSC, EYES ONLY FOR SCOWCROFT, NIACT IMMEDIATE SCOWCROFT PLEASE PASS COPY TO SECRETARY BAKER 1. THE FOLLOWING LETTER WAS PRESENTED TO THE AMBASSADOR BY MINISTER OF STATE NASSER QADDUR AT NOON DAMASCUS TIME, DECEMBER 23, 1989. DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, I WISH TO EXPRESS MY SATISFACTION WITH THE THOUGHTS AND CONCEPTS CONTAINED IN YOUR MESSAGE DATED OCTOBER 18, 1989 WHICH WAS DELIVERED TO ME BY YOUR PERSONAL ENVOY GENERAL WALTERS. I, INDEED, APPRECIATE THE EFFORTS HE EXERTED TO IMPROVE THE CLIMATE OF RELATIONS BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES. I SHARE WITH YOU THE OPINION THAT IT IS NOW TIME TO FORGO THE PAST WITH ITS BITTERNESS AND TO WORK FOR ESTABLISHING RELATIONS CHARACTERIZED BY UNDERSTAND- ING AND COOPERATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF MUTUAL RESPECT FOR THE INTERESTS OF EACH OF OUR TWO COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY THAT SUCH COOPERATION WOULD BE TO THE BENEFIT OF BOTH COUNTRIES AS WELL AS THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST REGION. DESPITE THE PRESENCE OF SOME DIFFERENCES IN OUR POINTS OF VIEW ON CERTAIN ISSUES WHICH ARE OF CONCERN TO BOTH SYRIA AND THE UNITED STATES, THERE ARE, HOWEVER, REAL AND EARNEST POROSPECTS TO REACH AN UNDERSTANDING WHICH LEADS TO TERMINATE THESE DIFFERENCES AND THEN TO PROCEED TO A NEW STAGE IN OUR RELATIONS, A STAGE WHICH HAS BECOME NECESSARY FOR THE INTEREST OF PEACE AND SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND SERVES THE PROCESS OF PEACE AND DETENTE IN THE WORLD. CERTAINLY, MORE DIRECT CONTACTS BETWEEN US ARE APT TO REMOVE MUCH OF THE NEGATIVE ACCUMULATIONS WHICH WE HAVE TOGETHER TO WORK FOR SURPASSING THEM. I WELCOME THE SUGGESTION BY GENERAL WALTERS TO ESTABLISH A HIGH LEVEL, FRANK AND FULL DIALOGUE, FOR THE INTERESTS OF BOTH COUNTRIES MAY BE BETTER ACHIEVED THROUGH COMMUNICATION AND INTERACTION RATHER THAN THROUGH APARTNESS AND ANTAGONISM. DIALOGUE IS NOT AN AIM IN ITSELF, BUT A MEANS TO ACHIEVE CONCRETE AND PRACTICAL RESULTS EACH OF WHICH CONSTITUTES A BASIS OF BETTER DEVELOPMENT OF BILATERAL RELATIONS. PLEASE BE SURE, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, THAT WHAT MOTIVATES SYRIA TOWARDS THE RELATIONS BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES SINCERE DESIRE TO MOVE TO A NEW CLIMATE OF THESE RELATIONS. DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, GENERAL WALTERS CONVEYED TO ME CERTAIN IDEAS WITH RESPECT TO ISSUES WHICH CONCERN BOTH SYRIA AND THE UNITED STATES AND ARE OF GREAT INTEREST TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. I WISH NOW TO SEND TO YOU MY IDEAS ON DECLASSIFIED IN PART THESE ISSUES, AND I TRUST THAT THIS EXCHANGE OF IDEAS PER E.O. 13526 AND CONTINUED DIALOGUE ABOUT THEM WILL LEAD US TO WHAT 2010-0773-MR mm 10/17/2016 SHOULD BE MORE ADVANTAGEOUS TO ALL SIDES. FIRST - THE PEACE PROCESS: DUE TO HER POSITION IN THE AREA, AND BEING A MAJOR PARTY DIRECTLY CONCERNED WITH THE SO-CALLED MIDDLE EAST CRISIS, SYRIA BELIEVES IN THE NECESSITY OF SEEKING COMPREHENSIVE AND JUST PEACE IN THE AREA. PEACE IS NO MORE A SIMPLE REQUIREMENT FOR THE REGION; IT IS RATHER A FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE WITH RESPECT TO ITS FUTURE AND TO THE CONTINUITY OF THE PROCESS OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND DETENTE. WE STRONGLY SUPPORT THIS PROCESS BECAUSE THE REMOVAL OF THE SPECTER OF WARS AND DESTRUCTION WHICH PERTURBS THE WORLD GIVES MANKIND THE STABILITY NEEDED TO ESTABLISH THE SOCIETIES OF JUSTICE, GOOD AND EQUALITY AMONG PEOPLE REGARDLESS OF COLOR, FAITH OR GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION. AS I EXPRESS MY SATISFACTION WITH THE ASSURANCE OF YOUR ENVOY, GENERAL WALTERS, THAT THE UNITED STATES BELIEVES IN A COMPREHENSIVE SETTLEMENT INVOLVING ALL FRONTS INCLUDING THE OCCUPIED SYRIAN GOLAN, AND THAT IT WILL NEVER SUPPORT ANNEXATION OR PERMANENT ISRAELI DOMINATION OF ANY OF THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES, I ALSO WANT TO REAFFIRM, OUT OF OUR CON- VICTION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPREHENSIVENESS, THAT DIVISION OF SOLUTIONS AND CONDUCTING THEM INTO DIVIDED GEOGRAPHICAL PHASES, DO NOT CONSTITUTE THE SECURE ROAD, BECAUSE THIS METHOD REQUIRES A LONG TIME, AND NOBODY CAN CONTROL THE PROSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENTS WHEN TIME IS ALLOWED TO PROLONG AND WHEN ANTI-PEACE FORCES ARE ACTIVE. TWO CONCEPTS GUIDE SYRIA'S FUTURE STEPS: FIRST, HER BELIEF IN THE NECESSITY OF ISRAELI COMPLETE WITHDRAWAL FROM ALL OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES AND OF SECURING THE NATIONAL RIGHTS OF THE PALESTINIAN PEOPLE. SECOND, HER ATTACHMENT TO PEACE AS AN AIM TO BE SOUGHT AND AS A MEANS TO ACHIEVE SECURITY AND STABILITY IN THE REGION. I AM CONVINCED THE SEARCH OF A COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK FOR THE PEACE PROCESS IS THE MORE EFFECTIVE WAY OF SUCH SEARCH. SECOND LEBANON: WITH REGARD TO LEBANON, I WANT TO REFER TO THE EXCHANGE OF VIEWS BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES, WHICH CONTRIBUTED TO THE SUCCESS OF THE LEBANESE NATIONAL RECONCILIATION CONFERENCE AT TAIF, WITH THE RESULTING ADOPTION OF THE RECONCILIATION DOCUMENT, THE TWO PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS WHICH FOLLOWED AND THE #3953 ZEM S E e R E T 2319142 DEC 89 PRIVACY CHANNELS SECTION 2 OF 2 1.4(c) FM AMBASSADOR DJERIJIAN, FINAL SECTION OF 02 TO NSC, EYES ONLY FOR SCOWCROFT, NIACT IMMEDIATE ESTABLISHING OF THE LEGITIMATE CONSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONS, DESPITE ALL THE DIFFICULT AND COMPLICATED CIRCUMSTANCES OF WHICH YOU ARE AWARE. AS YOU KNOW, SYRIA EXERTED BIG PRESSURES AGAINST THE MOSLEM LEBANESE WHO COMPRISE AT LEAST SEVENTY PERCENT OF THE LEBANESE POPULATION, TO MAKE THEM ACCEPT A HALF SHARE IN GOVERN- MENT AND THE ELECTION OF A MARONITE PRESIDENT. OUR ARGUMENT WITH THEM WAS THAT SUCH CONCESSIONS ON THEIR PART WOULD LEAD TO THE RESTORATION OF PEACE TO THE COUNTRY. HOWEVER, THE CONTINUATION OF THE PRESENT SITUATION, WHICH IS A DIVISIONAL SITUATION, MAY MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE TO PERSUADE THE MOSLEMS ONCE MORE TO ACCEPT THE TAIF DOCUMNET, BECAUSE THEY WOULD HAVE NOT MADE THE CONCESSIONS THEY HAVE MADE UNLESS THESE CONCESSIONS LEAD TO THE RESTORATION OF UNITY, SECURITY AND PEACE TO THE COUNTRY. ALREADY THERE ARE SIGNS OF AN INCREASING CURRENT AMONG MOSLEMS ATTACKING THE TAIF DOCUMENT ON THE BASIS THAT IT HAS NOT GIVEN THE MOSLEMS THE RIGHTS CORRESPONDING TO THEIR SIZE IN THE COUNTRY, AND DEMAND- ING NUMERICAL DEMOCRACY. I SHARE WITH YOU THE OPINION THAT AOUN IS AN OBSTACLE ON THE ROAD TO NATIONAL RECONCILIATION AND PEACE AND THAT THIS OBSTACLE SHOULD BE REMOVED. I BELIEVE THAT YOU AGREE WITH ME THAT THE ELEMENT OF TIME IS IMPORTANT; EXTENDED TIME CARRIES THE FEAR THAT ALL THAT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED BY THE LEBANESE TOWARDS PEACE AND NATIONAL UNITY, MAY DISINTEGRATE ALTOGETHER. IT IS WORTHWHILE MENTIONING THAT THE HARDENING OF AOUN'S ATTITUDE AND HIS REFUSAL TO ACCEPT THE CON- STITUTIONAL LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT AND TO OBEY THE ORDERS OF THE GOVERNMENT HAVE ESCALATED FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ISSUED BY THE BIG POWERS SUPPORTING THE LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT ON ONE HAND, AND PRESSURING THIS GOVERNMENT ON THE OTHER HAD TO PREVENT IT FROM TAKING THE ACTIONS THAT MIGHT BE TAKEN BY ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT WHICH FACES A SIMILAR SITUATION. I SHOULD ASSURE YOU THAT CONTINUITY OF THE MILITARY INSUBORDINATION WILL MAKE IT DIFFICULT TO CONTAIN THE SITUATION IN LEBANON. THE THING I FEAR MOST IS THE RESUMPTION OF FIERCER AND MORE DESTRUCTIVE FIGHTING AMONG THE LEBANESE PARTIES. IF THIS HAPPENS THE RESULTING HUMAN, MATERIAL AND NATIONAL LOSSES WILL MUCH EXCEED ANY LOSSES RESULTING FROM THE USE BY THE LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT OF LEBANON OF ALL AVAILABLE MEANS TO IMPOSE ITS AUTHORITY. I AM CONVINCED, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, THAT A CLEAR AMERICAN POSITION CALLING FOR THE BACKING OF THE LEGIT- IMATE GOVERNMENT IN ITS EFFORTS TO RESTORE THE UNITY OF THE COUNTRY, TO SPREAD THE STATE OF AUTHORITY AND 2 TO ACHIEVE NATIONAL RECONCILIATION, AND SUPPORTING ITS RIGHT TO TAKE THE MEASURES IT DEEMS NECESSARY TO DO ALL THAT - WILL BE A BIG CONTRIBUTION TO PURSUING THE PROCESS OF SECURITY, PEACE AND RECONCILIATION IN LEBANON. I SHARE WITH YOU THE OPINION THAT THE USE OF FORCE SHOULD NOT BE THE PREFERRED OPTION FOR ENDING THIS CASE OF INSUBORDINATION. BUT WHEN OTHER OPTIONS FAIL, THEN WE HAVE TO WEIGH THIS OPTION AGAINST THE FALLDOWN OF THE LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT AND EVERYTHING ELSE AND THE RESUMPTION OF FIGHTING, VIOLENCE AND CHAOS. IN THESE CONDITIONS EVERYBODY WILL FAIL TO ANSWER A QUESTION PUT OUT BY PRESIDENT ELIAS HRAWI AND HIS GOVERNMENT TO ALL OF US: "HOW TO REMOVE THE OBSTACLE OF AOUN, AND UNTIL WHEN CAN WE TOLERATE THIS SITUATION AS A STATE, WE ARE ADVISED NOT TO RESORT TO THE MEANS ALLOWED BY THE LEBANESE CONSTITUTION, THE LAW AND THE CHARTER OF NATIONAL RECONCILIATION IN ORDER TO RESTORE THE UNITY OF THE COUNTRY, IMPOSE THE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE, LAW AND PUBLIC ORDER." THE GENERAL RULES IN THE INTERNATIONAL LIFE, ARE THAT THE USE BY THE STATE, ANY STATE, OF FORCE TO IMPOSE ORDER AND LAW, IS ONE OF THE RIGHTS OF SOVEREIGNTY AND IS ONE OF THE CONDITIONS OF MAINTAINING PUBLIC ORDER AND DETERRING THOSE WHO RESORT TO VIOLENCE AND TRY TO VIOLATE THE LAW AND ORDER. I MUST TELL YOU THAT WE HAVE REAL FEAR THAT THE LEBANESE PRESIDENT MIGHT ANNOUNCE HIS RESIGNATION REGARDLESS OF THE CONSEQUENCES, TO HIS COUNTRY. I HOPE THAT YOU WOULD ASSESS FULLY THE PRESENT SITUATION IN LEBANON, TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE FACTORS I HAVE MENTIONED. AT THE SAME TIME I ASSURE YOU OF OUR COMPLETE READINESS TO COOPERATE IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS THAT WE BOTH DECLARED OUR INTENTION TO ACHIEVE, NAMELY: NATIONAL RECONCILIATION, THE ESTABLISHING OF A STRONG CENTRAL AUTHORITY, THE EXER- CISE BY THE GOVERNMENT OF ITS AUTHORITY THROUGHOUT THE LEBANESE TERRITORY. BESIDES, I SHOULD POINT OUT THAT THE TAIF DOCUMENT WHICH HAS BEEN ADOPTED BY THE LEBANESE PARLIAMENT ENTRUSTED SYRIA WITH GIVING ALL HELP TO THE LEBANESE LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT IN SPREADING ITS AUTHORITY. WE ACCEPTED THIS COMMIT- MENT BEFORE THE ARAB TRIPARTITE COMMITTEE WHICH, IN TURN, NOTIFIED THE LEBANESE PARTIES OF THIS ACCEPTANCE. THIRD - HOSTAGES AND TERRORISM I WANT TO ASSURE YOU, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, THAT SYRIA IS CONCERNED ABOUT THE TERRORIST ACTS AGAINST CITIZENS OF VARIOUS COUNTRIES. SUCH ACTS ARE AGAINST OUR PRINCIPLES AND DO NOT SERVE OUR CAUSES. OUR POSITION TOWARDS SUCH ACTS EMANATES FROM OUR CONDEMNATION OF TERRORISM IN ALL ITS FORMS, BECAUSE WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN NATIONAL STRUGGLE FOR LIBERATION AND TERRORIST ACTS WHICH CAUSE GREAT DAMAGE AND INJURIES TO LIVES AND PROPERTIES OF INNOCENT PEOPLE AND CAUSES HARM TO THE CONCEPT OF RESHSTANCE OF OCCUPATION. AS YOU KNOW, WE MADE EFFORTS IN THE PAST, AND WE SHALL CONTINUE TO EXERT SUCH EFFORTS TO SECURE THE RELEASE OF THE HOSTAGES. WE SHALL ALSO CONTINUE OUR CONTACTS WITH THOSE SIDES WHICH MAY HE HELPFUL IN THERE IS NO DOUBT THAT THE ESTABLISHING OF A CENTRAL LEBANESE AUTHORITY AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CHARTER OF NATIONAL RECONCILIATION WILL LEAD TO ENDING ALL SUCH NEGATIVE MANIFESTATIONS. BEING A COUNTRY WHOSE CITIZENS WERE MOST SUBJECTED TO TERRORIST ACTS THAT CAUSED THE DEATH OF HUNDREDS OF OUR ELITE CITIZENS, INCLUDING DOCTORS, LAWYERS, UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS, ENGINEERS, ARMY OFFICERS, ETC., SYRIA IS VERY SENSITIVE TO TERRORISM. OUR ATTITUDE TOWARD TERRORISM IS ONE OF PRINCIPLE. WE HAVE SEVERAL TIMES AFFIRMED TO THE AMERICAN SIDE THAT WE SHALL NEVER SHOW LENIENCY TO ANYONE COMMITTING A TERRORIST ACT IN SYRIA OR ORIGINATING FROM SYRIAN TERRITORY. I REPEAT OUR READINESS TO COOPERATE AND TO TAKE THE STRONGEST MEASURES AND ACTIONS WHENEVER CLEAR EVIDENCE IS GIVEN TO US, SPECIALLY THAT WE BELIEVE THAT WHOEVER COMMITS SUCH AN ACT CAUSES HARM TO SYRIA, TRANSGRESSES HER LAWS AND DEFIES HER DELCARED POSITIONS. YOUR SECRETARY OF STATE MR. JAMES BAKER TOLD OUR FOREIGN MINISTER THAT YOU HAD INFORMATION ON THE INVOLVE- MENT OF CERTAIN PALESTINIANS IN THE DESTRUCTION OF PAN AMERICAN FLIGHT 103. HE PROMISED TO SEND THAT INFORMA- TION TO US. ALTHOUGH TWO MONTHS HAVE ELAPSED SINCE THEN, THAT INFORMATION HAS NOT REACHED US. I TRUST THAT YOU AGREE WITH ME THAT TAKING ACTION ON THE BASIS OF RUMORS SPREAD BY SOME NEWSPAPERS DOES NOT SERVE OUR REAL EFFORTS TO COMBAT TERRORISM. IN ANY CASE WE REAFFIRM OUR REJECTION AND CONDEMANTION OF EVERY TERRORIST ACT WHEREVER IT MAY TAKE PLACE AND BY WHOEVER IT IS COMMITTED. PLEASE ACCEPT, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, MY EXPRESSION OF HIGH CONSIDERATION AND MY BEST WISHES FOR YOUR GOOD HEALTH AND HAPPINESS. YOUR SINCERELY HAFEZ AL-ASSAD PRESIDENT OF THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC DECEMBER 23, 1989 EMBASSY UNDERSTANDS THAT SCOWCROFT WANTS NO DISTRIBUTION OF THIS MESSAGE WITHOUT HIS PERSONAL AUTHORIZATION. S E e R E T #3953 <SECT>SECTION: 01 OF 02 <SSN> 3953 <TOR> 891223162601 MSG000251742361 <SECT>SECTION: 02 OF 02 <SSN> 3953 <TOR> 891223162747 MSG000251742467 OLURET CONFIDENTIAL 3129 with SECRET NODIS Attachment NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506 April 23, 1990 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT MOTTO THROUGH: RICHARD N. HAASS nut FROM: C. DAVID WELCH NW SUBJECT: Telephone Call to President Assad of Syria We understand that the President would like to call President Assad to express his appreciation for Syria's help in the release of hostage Robert Polhill and to indicate our strong hope that Syria continues to use its influence to bring about the release of the remaining hostages. A telephone call proposal with talking points is attached. RECOMMENDATION That you sign the Telephone Call Proposal to the President at Tab I. Attachments Tab I Telephone Call Proposal Tab A Points to be Made Tab B March 15, 1990 Letter to President Assad Tab C December 23, 1989 Letter from President Assad DECLASSIFIED PER E.O. 13526 2010-0773-MR CONFIDENTIAL mm 10/17/2016 with SECRET NODIS Attachment Declassify on: OADR SECRET CONFIDENTIAL RECORD ID: 9003338 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 27 APR 90 10 TO: PRESIDENT CHRON FILE FROM: SCOWCROFT DOC DATE: 27 APR 90 SOURCE REF: KEYWORDS: COLOMBIA DRUGS TELCALL other PERSONS: BARCO, VIRGILIO PIZZARO, CARLOS SUBJECT: TELCALL TO PRES BARCO OF COLOMBIA ACTION: NOTED BY SCOWCROFT DUE DATE: 01 MAY 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: JOHNSON LOGREF: FILES: WH NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO JOHNSON DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSDAI CLOSED BY: NSAMM DOC 2 OF 2 CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 3338 THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN THE WHITE HOUSE 4-27-98 WASHINGTON 1990 APR 27 AH 11: 09 April 27, 1990 FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRENT SCOWCROFT R8yer SUBJECT: Telephone Call to President Barco of Colombia DATE: April 27, 1990 PURPOSE: Express your outrage over Pizarro killing. SECURE OR OPEN: Open line call INTERPRETER: To be determined PHONE NUMBER: 011-57-12-84-3300 CONTACT PERSON: None TIME DIFFERENCE: -1 SUGGESTED TIMES: 11:00-11:30 a.m. TOPICS OF 1. Express outrage and condolences over DISCUSSION: Pizarro killing. 2. Reaffirm our support. 3. Ask Barco to reaffirm publicly that ex-guerrillas can find political space in a democracy. Date of Submission: Action: Attachment Tab A Points to be Made CC: Vice President Chief of Staff DECLASSIFIED PER E.O. 13526 CONFIDENTIAL mm 10/17/2016 Declassify on: OADR CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL CONF IDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED PER E.O. 13526 POINTS TO BE MADE FOR 2010-0773-MR TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH mm 10/17/2016 PRESIDENT BARCO I'm calling you to express my outrage over the murder of presidential candidate Carlos Pizarro. Just when it appears that the drug lords have reached the outer limits of brutality, they carry out some even more terrible act. I request that you convey my condolences to Pizarro's family and friends. We may not have shared a common ideology, but Mr. Pizarro had renounced violence and was looking for political space in a democratic system. Through your courageous leadership, he had been convinced to compete in the marketplace of ideas, through ballots and not bullets. We applauded that. You and the law-abiding majority of citizens of Colombia have our full support and sympathy. We have stood by you, we will continue to work with you to destroy the menace posed to both our societies by this type of violence. small 6% I hope that in your public statements you will consider saying that you will work to maintain political space for group slood n1 will Kti> play speple polit. help these who compete in the democratic arena. Such a statement could be very relevant not only in Colombia, but also for our efforts to bring peace to El Salvador and other countries of Central America. As always, Barbara and I send our warmest regards. You are often in our prayers was very bad CONFIDENTINE 2) example of change - may enemis lassify on: OADR 6) Devenstration? narcos have internal fight 7) stanted play polit. paid suicide 9am 4) we people UNCLASSIFIED THE WHITE HOUSE RESIDENT HAS SEEN WASHINGTON 4-27-90 SITUATION ROOM NOTE April 26, 1990 1155 EDT UNCLASSIFIED Colombian Presidential Candidate Shot Colombian presidential candidate Carlos Pizarro, leader of the M-19 movement, was shot onboard an Avianca flight. Our Embassy reports Pizarro is gravely injured and may be dead. No group has yet claimed responsibility for the attack; however, one assassin has been killed and another wounded. Sources: State NOIWON; Reuter 261552 UNCLASSIFIED DECLASSIFY ON: OADR UNCLASSIFIED CONF IDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 3338 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506 April 27, 1990 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT THROUGH: WILLIAM T. PRYCE pgs FROM: DONALD C. JOHNSON SUBJECT: Telephone Call to President Barco of Colombia The President will be calling President Barco today to express his outrage over the killing of former guerrilla leader and far left presidential candidate Carlos Pizarro. The Points to be Made at Tab A have been cleared with State. Assistant Secretary Aronson suggested that the President ask Barco to reaffirm publicly that former guerrillas can find security and political space in a democracy, as this is particularly relevant to the peace effort in El Salvador. RECOMMENDATION That you sign the Telephone Call Proposal to the President at Tab I. Attachments Tab I Telephone Call Proposal Tab A Points to be Made DECLASSIFIED PER E.O. 13526 MR mm 10/17/2016 CONFIDENTIAL Declassify on: OADR CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL RECORD ID: 9003267 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 25 APR 90 17 TO: SCOWCROFT CUDON FILE FROM: CHAMBERLIN DOC DATE: 01 MAY 90 MILLER SOURCE REF: KEYWORDS: TERRORISM CONGRESSIONAL PERSONS: SUBJECT: ANNUAL SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS OF PATTERNS OF GLOBAL TERRORISM / 1989 RPT ACTION: NOTED BY GATES DUE DATE: 28 APR 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: CHAMBERLIN LOGREF: FILES: WH NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO CHAMBERLIN MILLER NSC CHRON DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 By CAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSLMS CLOSED BY: NSALW DOC 2 OF 2 CONFIDENTIAL CONF IDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 3267 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506 May 1, 1990 INFORMATION Deputy Nati Sec Advisor has seen MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT THROUGH: DAVID C. ILLER, JR. FROM: WENDY CHAMBERLIN SUBJECT: Annual Submission to Congress of "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" Report The Department of State has provided for your information a summary of the most sensitive judgments of the "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" Report, Tab I. A summary of the report is found at Tab II. State will provide the full text of the Congressionally mandated annual report to us later. Among the most sensitive judgments are: -- Omission of intra-Palestinian violence from the data-base of international incidents. -- Inclusion of the PLO, with the caveat that since the beginning of our dialogue we have not been able "to independently confirm any act of international terrorism authorized by the PLO leadership although some hardline PLO elements, apparently acting independently, claimed responsibility for several cross border attacks aimed at Israeli civilian targets." -- Retention of the ANC in the "Groups" section. The section changed in name, however, from "Worldwide Overview of Organizations that Engage in Terrorism" to "Background Information on Major Groups Discussed in the Report." Criticism of Israel for Obeid abduction, Sicarii terrorist and settler attacks on Palestinians, and the commutation of sentences of Jewish terrorists. -- Movement of Soviet Union and some East European countries out of the State Support and into the Europe section. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED Declassify on: OADR PER E.O. 13526 2010-0773-MR MM 10/17/2016 IF CONF IDENTIAL 2 Criticism of Greece's 1989 counterterrorism efforts, particularly failure to extradite Rashid. -- Inclusion of the FMLN in the "Groups" section. -- Movement of Afghanistan to the Asia section from the State Support section. -- Criticism of South Africa in the introduction of the State Support section. -- Criticism of Nicaragua for providing safehaven and training to terrorist groups. Concurrences by: Nick Rost dw Attachments Tab I Report on "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" Tab II Summary Report CONFIDENTIAL CONF IDENTIAL 326+ 9009461 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 April 25, 1990 UNCLASSIFIED (WITH CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT) MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT THE WHITE HOUSE Subject: "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" Report to be Submitted to Congress on April 30, 1990 In accordance with the State Department's authorization bill, PL 100-204, December 1987, the Department is required to report annually to Congress on international terrorism. The 1987 and 1988 reports, "Patterns of Global Terrorism, have since been submitted to Congress. The 1989 report is due to Congress on April 30. We also plan to release it to the general public on this date. The public release of the report will be low-key, with a brief announcement at the noon press briefing that the report is available. Press guidance will be provided as needed if reporters raise questions at subsequent press briefings. The report fulfills the legislative requirement to provide "full and complete" reports on terrorism, including assessments on countries in which significant international terrorist acts have occurred or which themselves support terrorism, and assessments on terrorist groups and umbrella groups. UNCLASSIFIED (WITH CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT) 18 is UNCLASSIFIED UPON REMOVAL OF CLASSIFIED ATTACHMENTS CAP 7/10/09 UNCLASSIFIED (WITH CONF IDENTIAL ATTACHMENT) -2- The CIA's Counter-Terrorism Center initially drafts the report from the interagency database which it maintains. The Department adds information on host country counterterrorism measures taken during the reporting period, including judicial and extradition responses. The draft is thoroughly reviewed and revised at the Department to take into account bilateral and policy concerns as well as analytical differences of opinions. A list of the report's most sensitive judgments is at Tab 1. A summary of the report is at Tab 2. A copy of the report will be provided to your staff when it becomes available from the printers. J. Stapleton Roy Executive Secretary Attachments: Tab 1 - List of Sensitivities (C) Tab 2 - Summary of Report (U) UNCLASSIFIED UPON REMOVAL OF CLASSIFIED ATTACHMENTS CAP 7/10/09 UNCLASSIFIED (WITH CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT) Drafted: S/CT-RWharton x78873) 4/23/90 Cleared: S/CT-MDBusby S/CT-KShirley/EAWayne C-CSchroeder P-MMalinowski RN, for S/P-JHughes H-GChafin (info) SUBJECT: Sensitivities in the Legislatively-Mandated Report "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" During the course of the discussions within the Department, a number of particularly sensitive points were raised and dealt with. 1. Particularly Sensitive Issues -- PLO The PLO is included in the 1989 report, as it was in the previous two reports, and is listed among groups which have engaged in terrorism. (It was Congress' intent that it be treated in this report.) We note in the Middle East section that since the beginning of our dialogue with the PLO, "we have not been able to independently confirm any act of international terrorism authorized by the PLO leadership although some hardline PLO elements, apparently acting independently, claimed responsibility for several cross border attacks aimed at Israeli civilian targets." Also, in the section dealing with groups that have engaged in terrorism, we mention Arafat's December 1988 renunciation of terrorism and our intention to hold him to it. This is similar to what we said in the 1988 report. -- Treatment of the Intifada Characterization of the intifada presented one of our most serious policy and statistical problems. While few of the intifada incidents technically fall squarely within the borders of our working definition of terrorism, they do meet its most salient features: premeditated violence against non-combatants for political purposes. Intifada violence may, however, be often undertaken by an individual and not by or in the name of an organization. Intifada incidents, if directed against Israelis or otherwise having an international character, were counted in our data base of international incidents, similar to previous years. Intifada violence is discussed in the box entitled "The Palestinian Uprising." Similar to last year, this box makes clear that we consider the intifada a "civil insurrection" (not terrorism) and that in the vast majority of cases it is difficult to assign precise responsibility for the actions in question. DECLASSIFIED CONF IDENTIAL PER E.O. 13526 DECL: OADR 0773-MR mm 10/17/2016 CONF TAB -2- Treatment of Intra-Palestinian Violence Attacks by Palestinians against other Palestinians are an element of the violence associated with the intifada. How to count these attacks became our most serious problem, requiring discussions by senior Department officials with the CIA and involvement at high levels by NSA and DIA. After extensive interagency discussion, it was determined that these incidents would be deleted from the data base of international incidents, since intra-Palestinian violence should not be viewed differently from intra-ethnic violence elsewhere in the world, and most of these incidents do not fit the definition of terrorism. These incidents increased significantly in 1989 (to 132) from just over a handful in previous years. Whereas in the past intra-Palestinian violence was not statistically important, counting them this year would have given a distorted view of the actual worldwide terrorism situation. There is now a larger drop in international terrorism worldwide than previously estimated -- a near 38 percent drop compared to 1988 statistics -- which more accurately reflects 1989 international terrorism trends. We have added a footnote to the beginning of the report explaining this change in methodology. Intra-Palestinian violence is also mentioned in the box, "The Palestinian Uprising." -- Retention of the ANC in the Group Section Similar to the 1987 and 1988 reports, the ANC is included in the Groups' section at the end of the report. Although there was some reluctance to continue including the ANC in view of the positive developments taking place in South Africa, the record for 1989 did not allow us to treat the ANC significantly differently than in previous reports. Some modifications were made, however, in view of current developments. For example, we changed the title of the groups section from "Worldwide Overview of Organizations That Engage in Terrorism," to "Background Information on Major Groups Discussed in the Report. This change in title was done to avoid any mistaken assumption that we consider the ANC to be a terrorist group. CONF IDENTIAL CONF IDENTIAL -3- 2. Other sensitive issues: -- Israel Although most references to Israel are positive, negative references are also included. We include the seizure of Shia cleric Obeid as an "abduction" (vice hostage taking); we discuss attacks on Palestinians by the Israeli terrorist group Sicarii and by settlers; and we note the Israeli President's commutation of a life sentence to ten years in prison for three Jewish Underground terrorists convicted several years ago of killing three Arabs and wounding 30 others. -- Treatment of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Unlike previous reports, the Soviet Union and some East European countries, which have indirectly supported terrorism through their relationships with terrorist supporting states, have now been moved out of the State Support section and into the Europe section. We have similarly moved Iraq, Nicaragua and Afghanistan, which have also supported terrorism in various ways but which are not on our formal list of state supporters, into their respective regional sections. We made the decision that the State Support section would deal only with the six countries -- Libya, Iran, Syria, S.Yemen, Cuba and N. Korea -- on the official list. The others, to include the Soviet Union and some East European countries, are now only briefly mentioned in the State Support section's introduction. -- Greece As in last year's report, the current Patterns report gives a generally negative characterization of Greece's 1989 counterterrorism efforts. In particular, we discuss GOG delays in making a decision on our Rashid extradition request and the lack of law enforcement success against indigenous terrorist groups. -- Nicaragua As in past reports, Nicaragua is criticized for providing safehaven and training to Latin American and other terrorist groups in 1989. Its actions are discussed in the Latin American section, while adverse mention of the GON is also made in the introduction to the State Support section. CONF IDENTIAL CONF IDENTIAL -4- -- FMLN The FMLN is included in the Groups' section and its terrorist actions are discussed. Such attacks, as well as the November offensive, are also discussed in the El Salvador section. -- Afghanistan WAD attacks decreased significantly in 1989, down to 18 from 1988's total of 118. This decrease is likely due to Kabul's need to redirect its manpower resources following the Soviet troop withdrawal. WAD retains the capability, however, of conducting terrorist attacks in Pakistan. Afghanistan is discussed in the Asia section, although reference to its continued terrorist activity is made in the State Support section. -- South Africa The SAG is implicitly criticized in the report for its alleged responsibility for bombings of ANC facilities in neighboring countries and for fatal attacks on ANC, SWAPO and other anti-apartheid leaders. We also mention the allegations of police death squad activities, although we point out that the SAG has now launched an independent judicial investigation into these charges. For the first time, we introduce a negative reference to South Africa in the introduction to the State Support section. Following release of last year's report in which other adverse SAG references were made, there were some public calls that South Africa be put on the terrorism list. CONFIDENTIAL SUBJECT: Summary: "Patterns of Global Terrorism - 1989" 1. Terrorism Down in 1989 -- The level of international terrorism worldwide in 1989 declined sharply from that of 1988, dropping by almost 38 percent from 856 incidents in 1988 to 528. -- International terrorists attacked the citizens and property of 74 countries in a total of 60 countries. -- The U.S. was the most frequently targeted, followed by Israel. -- Terrorists carried out most of their attacks, nearly 75 percent of the total, against businesses, tourists, and other non-official targets, most likely reflecting the increase in security for official interests. 2. Reasons for the Decrease in International Terrorism -- The Afghan Government curtailed its terrorist campaign in Pakistan after Soviet troops were withdrawn. -- Yasser Arafat's renunciation of terrorism resulted in a sharp decline in operations by groups affiliated with the PLO. -- Dissension within the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) previously one of the most active and deadly terrorist groups--and its focus on Lebanese militia matters decreased the group's operations. -- A number of states involved in terrorism, including Libya and Syria, remained wary of getting caught sponsoring terrorists and reduced their support. Iran was a notable exception to the trend. -- Partly in response to internal problems and enhanced counterterrorist measures, many terrorist groups focused on building their infrastructure throughout the world to support attacks in the future. -- Counterterrorist capabilities continued to improve in most parts of the world, and cooperation among governments increased. 3. Regional Overviews: a. The Middle East -- The Middle East continued to experience the largest number of incidents of international terrorism, incurring 193 attacks--37 percent of the total worldwide. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIPTED -2- -- The proportion of international terrorism connected with the Middle East increased to 45 percent when Middle East spillover attacks into other regions are added. These compare to statistics of 36 percent and 41 percent respectively in 1988. (The September bombing of a UTA flight over Niger is believed to be a Middle East spillover attack.) -- The Iranian campaign against The Satanic Verses author Salman Rushdie accounted for a major portion of the attacks of Middle East origin in Western Europe. -- Violence by Palestinians against other Palestinians in the Occupied Territories is no longer counted in the international terrorism database so as not to treat these incidents differently from intra-ethnic violence in other parts of the world. Such violence remains a serious concern and is rising. While in 1988 there were approximately 25 attacks against alleged collaborators, in 1989 there were over 120 such attacks. b. Latin America -- With 131 attacks, or 25 percent of the total, Latin America ranked second after the Middle East for numbers of international terrorist incidents. This is down slightly from 1988 when there were 146 such attacks. -- The largest number of 1989 attacks were in Colombia, primarily against the oil pipeline which is owned by a consortium of international interests, including American. -- Although not counted in the international terrorism statistics because of their primarily domestic nature and criminal motivation, indiscriminate narco-terrorist attacks increased significantly in Colombia and caused many civilian deaths. C. West Europe and North America -- Western Europe ranked third with 96 incidents, a substantial decrease from 150 in 1988. -- Thirty-one of these resulted from Middle Eastern spillover. -- The decrease in international attacks was due to continued counterterrorism efforts throughout the region and caution on the part of state sponsors of terrorism. -- One incident was recorded in Eastern Europe during the year, although Soviet and East European interests were attacked in other parts of the world. -- Three international terrorist attacks took place in the U.S. against bookstores selling The Satanic Verses. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIPTED -3- d. Asia, including South Asia -- With the reduction of Afghan-sponsored attacks in Pakistan, Asia dropped to fourth place with 55 incidents. In 1988 it held second place with 194 incidents. -- The Communist New People's Army in the Philippines launched several attacks against Americans, including the assassinations of U.S. Army Colonel James Rowe in April and two DOD contractors in September. e. Sub-Saharan Africa -- Africa was fifth with 48 attacks, a slight decrease from 1988's total of 52. -- The most significant terrorist attack for the year took place in September over Niger when a bomb destroyed a French UTA airliner killing all 171 people on board, including seven Americans. -- Cross-border raids into Zimbabwe by RENAMO accounted for more than a third of the 1989 attacks in Africa. -- South Africa continued to be suspected of sponsoring bombing and other attacks against ANC dissidents in neighboring states. 4. Worldwide Casualties -- The 528 international terrorist incidents recorded in 1989 resulted in 390 victims killed and 397 wounded. This represents a significant drop from 1988 when 638 victims were killed and 1,125 wounded. -- The downing of UTA Flight 772 emphasized the continuing growth of casualties in Africa, from a 1988 total of 125 killed and 130 wounded to 269 killed and 39 wounded in 1989. -- Asia experienced the most significant decline in casualties with the reduction in the Afghan campaign in Pakistan, dropping from 156 killed and 599 wounded in 1988 to 57 killed and 153 wounded in 1989. -- The Middle East accounted for 29 people killed and 111 injured. Twenty-one people were killed and 73 wounded in Latin America. In Western Europe, there were 14 victims killed and 21 wounded. -- The number of terrorist attacks and casualties suffered by the United States declined from 192 killed and 40 wounded in 1988 to 16 killed and 19 injured in 1989. The drop reflects the absence of a major incident that caused a large number of casualties, such as the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 in 1988. -- U.S. interests, however, continued to be the most frequently targeted by international terrorists, although declining almost 15 percent, from 193 attacks in 1988 to 165 in 1989. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFTED -4- 5. Sponsorship of Terrorism by Sovereign States -- The number of terrorist incidents that could be attributed to state sponsors declined in 1989 to 58 attacks, a drop of 67 percent from 1988's tally of 176 incidents. -- The decrease was partly due to the ability of a number of states that have aided terrorist groups to effectively mask their involvement. -- The greatest portion of the drop resulted from Kabul's apparent curtailment of its bombing campaign in Pakistan following the removal of Soviet military forces. Afghanistan sponsored 18 incidents in 1989, compared to 118 in 1988. -- Iran's involvement in terrorism was not detected as frequently in 1989, but we suspect an upturn in its support during the second half of the year reflects a return to a greater pace of operations. Iran sponsored 28 attacks in 1989. -- Libya and Syria were not directly tied to any attacks in 1989, but they continue to provide various forms of support for several terrorist groups. South Yemen continued to be a safehaven for radical Palestinian groups. -- North Korea continued to provide funding and training for terrorists. -- Cuba and Nicaragua provided weapons, training, and safehaven mostly to Latin American groups that employ terrorism. -- South Africa attacked ANC and other dissidents outside its borders, although embarrassing public revelations about police "death squads", a recent change in government, and current political developments in the region may stem these activities. -- The Soviet Union and several East European governments continued to provide military and economic support to several radical regimes involved in terrorism. 6. Future Outlook -- Despite the 1989 decline in international terrorism, terrorists retain the potential for resuming a greater level of violence, particularly against the U.S. -- Terrorists in the Philippines appear more likely to broaden their targeting of U.S. citizens to increase pressure on the United States to withdraw, and rebel soldiers may retaliate for U.S. support to the Aquino Government during the failed coup in December. UNCLASSIFIED -5- In Latin America, U.S. interests in Panama may be targeted by diehard supporters of General Noriega, and other radicals in the region and in other parts of the world may use Washington's military action as a pretext for stepped up targeting. -- Other developments worldwide could spark increased terrorist operations. Rivalries among Middle Eastern governments--particularly between Iran and Saudi Arabia, which has already generated a campaign of violence by Iran--and emerging alliances among Middle Eastern sponsors and groups, such as between Iran and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLP-GC) and other radical Palestinian groups, are of special concern. -- Ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Moldavia, and other areas of the Soviet Union may resort to terrorism to achieve their goals, as could some of the numerous factions throughout Eastern Europe. Emigre communities in Western Europe and the United States could be drawn into supporting the violence. -- West European terrorist groups remain a major threat. Basque and Northern Ireland terrorists are unlikely to reduce the pace of their attacks, and other groups, like the Red Army Faction (RAF) in West Germany and the Revolutionary Organization 17 November in Greece, have increased their technical capabilities. In Turkey, domestic problems seem to be fostering an increase of violence by long-dormant groups. UNCLASSIFIED SECRET RECORD ID: 9003289 NSC/S PROFILE RECEIVED: 26 APR 90 10 TO: PRESIDENT CHRON TILE FROM: SCOWCROFT DOC DATE: 14 MAY 90 SOURCE REF: KEYWORDS: INTELLIGENCE MIDDLE EAST other ECONOMICS IMF PERSONS: SUBJECT: NOTIONS OF AMER DECLINE / ADDENDUM ACTION: NOTED BY PRES DUE DATE: 14 MAY 90 STATUS: C STAFF OFFICER: RODMAN LOGREF: FILES: WH NSCP: CODES: DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO RODMAN DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B) September 11, 2006 BYCAP NARA, Date 7/10/09 COMMENTS: DISPATCHED BY DATE BY HAND W/ATTCH OPENED BY: NSMDC CLOSED BY: NSAMM DOC 3 OF 3 SECRET Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 07a. Memo From Brent Scowcroft to POTUS, Re: Notions of American 5/14/90 (b)(1) S "Decline": Addendum [FOIA restrictions redacted] (1 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Files Document Partially Declassified Series: Chronological Files (Copy of Document Follows) By MM on 3/27/2023 Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: 2010-0773-MR(506) AR Disposition: MR Disposition: Released in Part AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: 10/17/2016 RESTRICTION CODES Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] Deed of Gift Restrictions (b)(1) National security classified information C(1) Closed by Executive Order 13526, governing access to national (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an security information agency C(2) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the information (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute C(3) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial gift [formerly listed as only C] information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement Presidential Records Act [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] purposes (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] financial institutions P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President and (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information his advisors, or between such advisors [(a)(5) of the PRA] concerning wells SECRET THE PRESIDER HAS SEEN SECRET BUSH PRESIDENTIAL 506 LIBRARY THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 1000 3289 Redo INFORMATION May 14, 1990 Peter You MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRENT SCOWCROFT Decline SUBJECT: Notions of American "Decline": Addendum The attached report confirms the absurdity of notions of Amer can decline in the world. On the contrary, in Africa and elsewhere in the Third World, there is a spreading perception that, with the collapse of Communism and discrediting of socialist economics, U.S. influence is greater than before. The report cites African diplomats lamenting the collapse of the Non-Aligned Movement and Group of 77 along with the radical philosophy that guided them. The power of the United States in the World Bank and IMF was becoming a decisive factor: 1.4(c) This is a healthy reminder of our continuing strength. It also, of course, reminds us of the importance of maintaining our contributions to these multilateral institutions in order to exercise the leadership role that is being handed to us on a silver platter. Worth noting also is a somewhat defensive comment on the same subject attributed to Hafez Asad -- in, of all places, the official Soviet account of his meeting with Gorbachev. Recorded in the April 29 Pravda account is Asad's concern at "attempts by certain circles in the West to use the fact that the Soviet Union is occupied with its own internal affairs to strengthen pressure on progressive forces and on the Arab world." Prepared by: Peter W. Rodman Attachment Tab A 1.4(c) 121539 Apr 90 CC: Vice President Chief of Staff SECRET Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED IN PART SECRET PER E.O. 13526 MM 10/17/2016 Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 07b. Cable Re: Consensus Among Africans That the Nonaligned 4/12/90 (b)(1) S Movement and Group 77 Are Deteriorating Rapidly as a Result of Superpower Rapprochement and Communism's Collapse (3 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection Series: Chronological Files Subseries: WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile. Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date and Type Restriction Class. 07c. Memo Peter W. Rodman to Brent Scowcroft 5/2/90 (b)(1) S Re: Notions of American "Decline": Addendum (1 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: Document Partially Declassified Scowcroft, Brent, Files Series: (Copy of Document Follows) Chronological Files By 55 Subseries: on 9/25/13 WHORM Cat.: File Location: Other (January - May 1990) [2] Date Closed: 7/10/2009 OA/ID Number: 91148-009 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2009-0275-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: 2010-0774-MR (500.01) AR Disposition: MR Disposition: Released in Part AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: 5/24/2011 RESTRICTION CODES Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] Deed of Gift Restrictions (b)(1) National security classified information C(1) Closed by Executive Order 13526, governing access to national (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an security information agency C(2) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the information (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute C(3) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial gift [formerly listed as only C] information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] purposes (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] financial institutions P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President and (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information his advisors, or between such advisors [(a)(5) of the PRA] concerning wells SECRET NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRET WASHINGTON D.C. 20506 3289 Redo May 2, 1990 ACTION BUSH PRESIDENTIAL 500.01 LIBRARY MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT FROM: PETER W. RODMAN MR SUBJECT: Notions of American "Decline": Addendum A recent intelligence report offers new evidence that some Third World nations see the U.S. as inheriting an almost decisive position of influence, with the collapse of Communism. The President might be interested in reading it. Also noted is a somewhat defensive comment attributed to Asad. Concurrence by: David Miller, Tim purr for Deal, for Condi CR Rice PWR for for RECOMMENDATION That you sign the attached memo for the President. Attachments Tab I Memorandum for the President Tab A (b)(1) DECLASSIFIED IN PART PER E.O. 13526 2010-0774-MR SCS 5/24/11 SECRET Declassify on: OADR SECRET