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285791183
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Invitations: Speech (1) [3 of 11] [1991]
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285791183
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Invitations: Speech (1) [3 of 11] [1991]
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Records pertain to the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
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Records of the White House Office of Science and Technology (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Allan D. Bromley Files
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
2005-0336-F
2005-0336-F
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Science and Technology Policy, Office of (OSTP)
Series:
Bromley, D. Allan, Files
Subseries:
Correspondence Files
OA/ID Number:
62016
Folder ID Number:
62016-003
Folder Title:
Invitations: Speech (1) [3 of 11] [1991]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
0
0
0
0
"CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING"
TYPE:
INFORMATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9122382
ORIGINATOR: 02
STATUS C
DIRECTORATE STATUS
FROM:
O'NEAL, Russell: ERIM
TO:
DR. D.A. BROMLEY
DATE OF
CORRESPONDENCE: 07/12/91
SUBJECT: RE: DR. BROMLEY'S ACCEPTANCE TO PRESENT THE KEYNOTE
SPEECH AT THE THIRD ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON "EARTH
OBSERVATIONS AND GLOBAL CHANGE DECISION MAKING: A
NATIONAL PARTNERSHIP".
DIRECTORATE
STAFF
ASSIGNED:
ASSIGNED:
ACTION
STAFF
REQUIRED:
ACTION:
SENDER'S DUE DATE:
OSTP DUE DATE:
STAFF DUE DATE
DATE COMPLETED:
DATE COMPLETED/DEPT:
COPIES TO: D. Allan Bromley
ENVIRONMENT
WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #:
CONTACT PERSON:
PHONE:
EXT:
REMARKS:
CLOSED
OSTP RECEIVED: 07/18/91
FILE: P-INVITATION-SPEECH
DEPT RECEIVED:
2382
AND
OCEANIC
NOAA
NASA
NATIONAL
ERIM
OF
COMMERCE
RECEIVED
Earth Observations & Global Change
Decision Making: A National Partnership
91 JUL 18 P 6 09
Fall Conference
12 July 1991
OFFICE OF THE
DIRECTOR
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President for
Science & Technology
Room 358
17th & Pennsylvania Ave.
Washington, DC 20506
Dear Dr. Bromley:
On behalf of NOAA, NASA, and ERIM, sponsors of the Third Annual Conference on "Earth
Observations and Global Change Decision Making: A National Partnership", I am again
delighted that you, as Chief Scientist of the United States, will be able to join us on
October 22, 1991 at the National Press Club as the conference's keynote speaker.
It has been very meaningful for you to articulate your vision of the United States'
efforts in Global Change Research. Judging from participant and audience response
following the first two national conferences, the meeting has proven to be a key forum
for stimulating dialogue among U.S. partners and clarifying current thinking on global
change science and policy issues. The conference proceedings, an important and widely
distributed reference publication, provide an important record of our nation's science
and policy efforts to respond to the needs of global environmental change. We are
particularly grateful for your contribution to these meetings.
A program and list of participants will be sent to you under separate cover. Also, a
member of the program committee will contact your staff to work out the details. The
meetings will be held at the National Press Club and the keynote address is scheduled
for 0915 on October 22.
Again, our thanks and I look forward to seeing you.
Sincerely,
Russ Oneals
Russell D. O'Neal
P.O. Box 8618, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 313-994-1200, Ext. 3234 Fax: 313-994-0944 Telex: 4940991 ERIMARB
"CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING"
TYPE:
INFORMATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121911
ORIGINATOR: 02
STATUS C
DIRECTORATE STATUS
FROM:
WEERTMAN, Julia: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
TO:
DR. D.A. BROMLEY
DATE OF
CORRESPONDENCE: 06/27/91
SUBJECT: A THANK YOU FOR VISITING THE FACULTY AND STUDENTS OF
THE MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF
NORTHWESTERN.
DIRECTORATE
STAFF
ASSIGNED:
ASSIGNED:
ACTION
STAFF
REQUIRED:
ACTION:
SENDER'S DUE DATE:
OSTP DUE DATE:
STAFF DUE DATE
DATE COMPLETED:
DATE COMPLETED/DEPT:
COPIES TO: Steve Olson
WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #:
CONTACT PERSON:
PHONE:
EXT:
REMARKS:
OSTP RECEIVED: 06/27/91
FILE: P INVITATION-SPEECH FOLLOW-UP UP
DEPT RECEIVED:
9121911
NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
RECEIVED
ROBERT R. McCORMICK SCHOOL OF
91 JUN 27 P4: 55
ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
OFFICE OF THE
DIRECTOR
24 June 1991
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Science Advisor to the President
Old Executive Building, Room 360
17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20506
Dear Allan:
On behalf of all of us at Northwestern, and especially for the
faculty and students of the Materials Science and Engineering
Department, I wish to thank you for visiting us this past
weekend. I have received many highly positive comments from my
colleagues concerning your lecture. I think your lessons on the
realities of the politics of science funding will be very
beneficial for us all.
Quite apart from the Hilliard lecture, it was a great pleasure
for Hans and me to meet you. I hope you made it back to NIH in
time. I forgot to ask you about your air fare and cab fare when
the limo broke down. We will be happy to reimburse you for these
and any other expenses for the trip, but we do need the air
ticket receipt.
Again, thank you for delivering our Hilliard Memorial lecture.
It was a high point of our academic year.
With best regards,
Julia
Julia Weertman
TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 2145 SHERIDAN ROAD EVANSTON, ILLINOIS 60208-3108 708-491-3537 708-491-3587 FAX 708-491-7820
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
9123028
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
HARRIS, Jack H.
DATE OF EVENT: 06/27/91
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT: 00 A.M.
SUBJECT:
A BREAKFAST FEATURING A SPEECH ON THE SCIENCE
ASPECTS OF SPACE STATION FREEDOM
RSVP:
CONTACT PERSON: MARGARET ROBERTS
CONTACT NUMBER: (703)391-6414
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
REMARKS:
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
06/19/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/19/91
FILE:
P-INVITATION-SPEECH
3028 June27
CENTER for NATIONAL PROGRAM EVALUATION
June 19, 1991
Dr. D. Allen Bromley
President's Science Advisor
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Dr. Bromley:
Senator Garn, Senator Mikulksi, Senator Gore and the Center for
National Program Evaluation, would like to invite you to speak
on the science aspects of Space Station Freedom, at a breakfast
to be given on June 27, 1991 from 8:30 to 10:00 in Dirksen 116
Senate Office Building.
The Center for National Program Evaluation is a nonprofit
501 (c) (3) organization set up in 1988 to study, review, and
analyze significant information and events relating to U.S.
national security and space policy.
The breakfasts are open to Congressional Members and staff
only. This provides a good opportunity for candid discussion
following your remarks.
Other planned breakfasts include the Astronaut crew from STS-40
on July 11, 1991 and one on the international aspects of the
Space Station, speaker and date to be determined.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call
Margaret Roberts at 703-391-6414.
Sincerely,
Jack H. Harris
President
cc: Steve Olson
P.O. Box 3571, Reston, VA 22090 (703) 860-5150
13:58 16. 61 NNS
THE CENTER FOR NATIONAL
PROGRAM EVALUATION
1801 ROBERT FULTON DRIVE
RESTON, VIRGINIA 22091
TELECOPY TRANSMISSION SHEET
DATE: June 20 TIME:
1:30
PAGE 1 OF 2 PAGES
Marian Nida
TO:
TO TELECOPIER NO:
CNPE CONFIRMATION NO: 703-391-6414
FROM: Margaret Roberts
TELECOPIER (703)391-6495
ALTERNATE (703)391-6496
MESSAGE:
BreakFast cosponsors include
Senators: Cranston
Dodd
Garn
Gore
Heflin
Mikulski
Robb
Warner
100 PAGE
08:91 16. 02 NOS
SENATOR CRANSTON
SENATOR DODD
SENATOR GARN
SENATOR GORE
SENATOR HEFLIN
SENATOR MIKULSKI
SENATOR ROBB
SENATOR WARNER
AND THE CENTER FOR NATIONAL PROGRAM EVALUATION
INVITE YOU TO ATTEND A BREAKFAST ON
THE SCIENCE ASPECTS OF
SPACE STATION FREEDOM
SPEAKER
DR. D. ALLAN BROMLEY
SCIENCE ADVISOR TO THE PRESIDENT
THURSDAY JUNE 27, 1991
8:30 AM TO 10:00 AM
116 DIRKSEN SENATE OFFICE BUILDING
SENATORS, CONGRESSMEN AND KEY STAFF ARE WELCOME
QUESTION AND ANSWER PERIOD TO FOLLOW
PLEASE RSVP TO MARGARET ROBERTS AT (703) 860-5150
CENTER FOR NATIONAL PROGRAM EVALUATION
Space Station
Breakfast
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121725
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
ARCHES, William T.: U.S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
DATE OF EVENT: 07/16/91
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT: -9:15AM
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO ADDRESS THE U.S. CHAMBER'S
INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON THE TOPIC "RESEARCH &
DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT & PRIVITE
ENTERPRISE".
RSVP:
06/26/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
REMARKS: 6/18/91- Regetted to Gail!
mn
DATE OF LETTER:
06/10/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/12/91
FILE:
INVITATION-SPEECH
9121725
1615 H Street, N.W.
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
Washington, D.C. 20062
RECEIVED
202/463-5455
OF
THE SPIRIT
91 JUN 12 P4: 53
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
OFFICE OF THE
William T. Archey
DiRtine 10, 1991
Vice President
International
The Honorable D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President for Science
and Technology
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Old Executive Office Building, Room 358
17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20506
Dear Dr. Bromley:
In February 1991, I wrote you inviting you to address the U.S. Chamber's
International Forum on March 12 on the topic "Research and Development: The Role of
Government and Private Enterprise." You did indeed show up on March 12 to speak at
our Forum, but because your office had not notified us of your acceptance of our invitation,
we reluctantly cancelled the meeting.
I hope you will once again consider an invitation to address our International Forum
on the above-mentioned subject. Our members would be delighted if you could join us on
Tuesday, July 16, and share your views of the current trends in U.S. competitiveness in the
"cutting edge" technologies and the way you believe business and government need to
interact in order to improve our future performance. An analysis of the recent report on
the 22 critical technologies of the present and future would be of considerable interest to
our audience.
The International Forum has become one of Washington's most prestigious platforms
for the discussion of trade, foreign affairs and international economic policy. The Forum
membership consists of over 200 senior executives of U.S. and foreign multinationals,
corporate representatives, trade experts, and members of the diplomatic community.
Members of the press also regularly attend our meetings, as they are on the record.
Distinguished Forum speakers have included President Ronald Reagan, U.S. Trade
Representative Carla Hills, House Majority Leader Richard Gephardt, and Senator Lloyd
Bentsen.
The Forum meets from 8:00 to 9:15 a.m. in the Anheuser-Busch Briefing Center,
located in the U.S. Chamber building at 1615 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. Upon
completion of breakfast at approximately 8:20, we would like you to make brief formal
remarks (about 15-20 minutes), followed by questions from the audience.
Telex: RCA 248302 (Int'l) TWX 710 822 9382 (Domestic) Cable: COCUSA
- 2 -
I hope you will be able to join us on July 16 and look forward to hearing from you
soon as to whether or not you will be able to accept this invitation. If you have any
questions about this event, please don't hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
William T. Archey
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: CONGRESSIONAL INVITATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
9121772
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
McCAIN, John: U.S. SENATE
DATE OF EVENT: 01/17/92
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE IN A CONFERENCE ENTITLED,
"ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT: INTERSECTING GLOBAL
ISSUES", AND A REQUEST TO PRESENT A KEYNOTE PAPER AT
THE CONFERENCE.
RSVP:
06/21/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
Carl Bretscher
Ken Yale
Damar Hawkins
ENVIRONMENT
REMARKS:
DATE OF LETTER:
06/10/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/17/91
FILE:
P
CONGRESSIONAL*INVITATION SPEECH
1772
JOHN McCAIN
111 RUSSELL SENATE OFFICE BUILDING
ARIZONA
WASHINGTON, DC 20510-0303
(202) 224-2235
COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES
TELEPHONE FOR HEARING IMPAIRED
COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE,
AND TRANSPORTATION
RECEIVED States Senate
(202) 224-7132
SELECT COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS
151 NORTH CENTENNIAL WAY
SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING
SUITE 1000
91 JUN 17 P2: 53
MESA, AZ 85201
(602) 835-8994
5353 NORTH 16TH STREET
SUITE 190
PHOENIX, AZ 85016
OFFICE OF THE
(602) 640-2567
DIRECTOR
5151 EAST BROADWAY
SUITE 170
June 10, 1991
TUCSON, AZ 85711
(602) 670-6334
The Honorable D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President for
Science and Technology
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Old Executive Office Building, Room 360
17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20506
Dear Dr. Bromley:
On behalf of the University of Arizona, I would like to
invite you to participate in a conference entitled Energy and
the Environment: Intersecting Global Issues, to be held January
17 and 18, 1992, in Tucson, Arizona.
I understand that you have been contacted by Professor
Guruswamy from the University, and that you have received
preliminary information concerning this conference. It is
hoped that you will be able to present a keynote paper at the
conference, and participate in a national television seminar.
The University has invited some of the most eminent scholars to
participate in this event, and has already received many
positive responses.
Your attendance at the conference would add to its
success, and would highlight the importance of issues
concerning energy and the environment.
I hope that you will be able to fit this most worthwhile
event into your busy schedule. Thank you for your attention to
this matter.
Sincerely,
John John McCain
United States Senator
JM/vp
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
June 25, 1991
Dear Senator McCain:
Thank you for your invitation of June 10 for me to participate in the conference
"Energy and the Environment: Intersecting Global Issues" on January 17 and 18,
1992, in Tucson, Arizona. Unfortunately, prior commitments make it impossible for
me to accept the invitation, as much as I would have liked to visit Arizona in the
middle of winter. I have contacted Professor Guruswamy from the University of
Arizona to convey my regrets.
Thank you for thinking of me.
Sincerely,
DANAN fremley.
D. Allan Bromley
Director
The Honorable John McCain
United States Senate
Washington, D.C. 20510-0303
"CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING"
TYPE:
INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121680
ORIGINATOR: 02
STATUS I
DIRECTORATE STATUS
FROM:
SPAETH, Merrie: ARTHUR ANDERSEN & co.
TO:
DR. D.A. BROMLEY
DATE OF
CORRESPONDENCE: 06/04/91
SUBJECT: INVITATION TO SPEAK TO A GROUP OF NORTH TEXAS
BUSINESS LEADERS. (THEY WILL CALL NEXT WEEK TO CHECK
ON DR. BROMLEY'S AVAILABILITY)
DIRECTORATE
STAFF
ASSIGNED:
DIRECTOR'S OFFICE
ASSIGNED:
ACTION
STAFF
REQUIRED: AS NECESSARY
ACTION:
SENDER'S DUE DATE:
OSTP DUE DATE:
06/24/91
STAFF DUE DATE
DATE COMPLETED:
DATE COMPLETED/DEPT:
COPIES TO: INDUSTRIAL
D. Allan Bromley
WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #:
CONTACT PERSON:
PHONE:
EXT:
REMARKS:
CLOSED
OSTP RECEIVED: 06/10/91
FILE: P-INVITATION-SPEECH
DEPT RECEIVED:
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 2, 1991
Dear Ms. Spaeth:
Some time ago you wrote me to ask if I could come to Texas to speak to a group of
North Texas business leaders. As may have been conveyed to you by telephone, I
would very much be interested in giving such a talk, but I cannot make a separate
trip to Texas to do so.
What I would propose is that I keep your invitation available and if another event
brings me south I will contact you.
Thank you for thinking of me.
Sincerely,
Эмиаи Reauly
D. Allan Bromley
The Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Ms. Merrie Spaeth
Arthur Andersen & Co.
901 Main Street
Suite 5600
Dallas, Texas 75202
ARTHUR
9121680
ANDERSEN
ARTHUR ANDERSEN & CO., S.C.
Policy Briefings RECEIVED
Recent Briefings
91 JUN 10 A10 58
Gerald Ford
June 4, 1991
Former President of
the United States
OFFICE OF THE
Edward Heath
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
DIRECTOR
Former Prime Minister,
Great Britain
Executive Office of the President
Carla Hills
Office of Science and Technology Policy
United States
Trade Representative
17th and Pennsylvania Ave.
Casper Weinberger
OEOB - Room 360
Former Secretary,
Department of Defense
Washington, DC 20503
Jeane Kirkpatrick
Former U.S. Ambassador,
United Nations
Dear Dr. Bromley:
Wendy Gramm
Chairman, Commodities Futures
Trading Commission
We wish to invite you to speak to a group of North Texas business
Michael Shepherd
leaders. We established a CEO Policy Briefing series more than four
Deputy Comptroller
of the Currency
years ago, and we have accumulated quite a distinguished list of guest
Carol Hallett
speakers during that time. The attendees are primarily corporate
Commissioner, U.S.
Customs Service
CEOs, presidents and other high level business executives
Michael Darby
representing a wide range of industries -- from Fortune 500 to
Under Secretary-Economic
Affairs, U.S.
emerging growth companies. The group numbers about 500, and
Department of Commerce
attendance is usually between 25 and 80 or more.
Hideo Kagami
Ambassador, Japanese
delegation, United Nations
The purpose of the Policy Briefing is to expose leaders in the business
Fred Zeder
CEO, Overseas Private
community to the trends and policies of the current administration and
Investment Corp.
to allow the exchange of ideas between government and the private
Gen. Thomas Draude
sector.
Director, Defense Mgt. Review,
Department of Defense
Dr. Richard Cyert
President, Carnegie
These breakfasts are sponsored as a public service by Arthur
Mellon University
Andersen & Co., one of the largest accounting and consulting firms
Roger Wallace
Deputy Under Secretary,
in the country. Since Arthur Andersen has offices across the nation,
International Trade
Administration, United States
we could easily arrange events in other cities in addition to your stop
Department of Commerce
in Dallas/Fort Worth. Most recently we scheduled events and press
Dr. Sidney Jones
Assistant Secretary for
interviews for U.S. Trade Representative Carla Hills in both Dallas
Economic Policy,
Department of Treasury
and Atlanta, SEC Chairman Richard Breeden in San Francisco,
Philip Lochner
Treasury Deputy Secretary John Robson in Memphis, and others.
Commissioner, Securities &
Exchange Commission
You can see from the partial listing of past speakers at left that we
have both prestige and diversity.
901 Main Street, Suite 5600
801 Cherry Street, Suite 1200
777 East Campbell Road, Suite 600
Dallas, Texas 75202
Fort Worth, Texas 76102
Richardson, Texas 75081
(214) 741-8300
(817) 335-7352
(214) 952-8500
These events are an excellent way to present your views to a key constituency and
enlist them as your ambassadors. I learned the importance of these forums as a
tool to reach key leaders and decision-makers in local business communities when
I worked at the FBI, the FTC and in the Office of Media Relations at the White
House under Reagan. We can maximize your exposure in a given area by
arranging press interviews or selected company visits. For example, we would be
able to coordinate newspaper editorial board meetings in both Dallas and Fort
Worth, and/or interviews with local television and radio stations, including KRLD,
the second largest all-news radio station in the country. KRLD feeds into the
Texas State Network for statewide coverage.
Please let us know if you are planning a trip to the Southwest. We are also able
to coordinate joint events with large non-profit organizations such as SMU, the
Chamber of Commerce or the North Texas Commission, a group devoted to the
economic advancement of North Texas. We will be in touch next week to check
on your availability. We look forward to the opportunity to work with you and
your staff in the future.
Sincerely,
MerrieSpacth
Merrie Spaeth
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
9121625
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
HOLME, Thomas A.: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
DATE OF EVENT: 10/06/92
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO PRESENT THE ESTEE LECTURE WHICH IS
PART OF A FALL SEMESTER SERIES THAT EMPHASIZES THE
IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE EDUCATION, TO BE PRESENTED
10/92 IN SOUTH DAKOTA.
RSVP:
06/18/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
INTERNATIONAL/POL
REMARKS:
DATE OF LETTER:
05/30/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/04/91
FILE: P INVITATION-SPEECH
9121625
RECEIVED
91 JUN 4 A10 44
May 30, 1991
OFFICE OF THE
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
DIRECTOR
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Old Executive Office Building
17th St. and Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20506
Dear Dr. Bromley;
The chemistry department of the University of South Dakota has
recently instituted a fall seminar series that emphasizes the
importance of science education. This series is named for
Professor Charles Estee who was a dedicated chemical educator at
the university for 44 years until his retirement this past spring.
The department views the Estee Lecture as the premiere lecture
event during the fall semester, serving as a counterpoise to our
spring, research oriented keynote lecture, the Haines Lecture.
We have already scheduled the speaker for the lecture to be
given in the fall of 1991. At this time, we would like to extend
to you an invitation to present the Estee Lecture in October 1992.
This far in advance, we have not set a specific date, but generally
speaking Tuesdays are most convenient. If possible, October 6,
1992 would be ideal. This lecture includes a modest honorarium of
$500, in addition to travel expenses for the speaker.
Our department has built a solid reputation for excellence in
both education and research. We view the Estee Lecture as a
cornerstone in our efforts to emphasize the role of universities in
science education. Accordingly, we arrange our lecture series to
separately highlight the role of higher education in research and
education. We believe that such an environment is appropriate in
the face of growing challenges to the scientific prowess of the
country. Our hope is that by inviting you to address our campus,
we will accentuate the expanded need for science education as a
critical component of national science policy.
We recognize fully that your schedule may forbid you from
accepting our invitation. We hope that by providing you with early
notification we will be able to make arrangements for you to travel
to South Dakota. Thank you for your consideration of this
invitation. We look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely;
Im AKlm
Thomas A. Holme
Assistant Professor of Chemsitry
(605) 677-6189
THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
414 E. CLARK STREET
VERMILLION, SOUTH DAKOTA 57069
Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer
THE WHITE HOUSE
June 10, 1999 N
Dear Professor Holme:
Thank you for your letter of May 30, 1991, inviting me to present the Estee Lecture
in October 1992.
Since the date is so far in advance, would you please contact me again around the
middle of 1992? As I am sure you are aware, Presidential requests require that I
have a great deal of flexibility in my scheduling, particularly so close to an election,
but I will be happy to try to accommodate your request.
I appreciate your thinking of me and look forward to hearing from you later next
year.
Sincerely yours,
D. Allan Bromley
The Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Professor Thomas A. Holme
Chemistry Department
The University of South Dakota
414 East Clark Street
Vermillion, South Dakota 57069
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
9121604
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
REISENFELD, Herb: NATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR THE
MENTALLY ILL.
DATE OF EVENT: 07/06/91
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT: 3:00PM
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO PRESENT THE KEYNOTE ADDRESS AT NAMI'S
ANNUAL CONVENTION IN SAN FRANCISCO.
RSVP:
06/18/91
CONTACT PERSON: HERB REISENFELD
CONTACT NUMBER: 513/321-6228
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
LIFE SCIENCES
REMARKS: 6/26/91 - Regutted to mr. Reiserfeld.
(DAH is not rither!) available
mn
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
05/30/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/04/91
FILE: INVITATION-SPEECH
9121604
NAMI
RECEIVED
May 30, 1991
91 JUN 4 A10: 44
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
D. Allan Bromley, MD
Assistant to the President
OFFICE OF THE
for Science and Technology
DIRECTOR
THOMAS M. POSEY
President
Old Executive Office Building, Room 360
Billings, Montana
17th St. & Pennsylvania Ave., NW
SYBLE SECKINGER
Washington, DC 20506
First Vice President
Serafina, New Mexico
Dear Dr. Bromley:
ROBERT G. HAACK
Second Vice President
San Diego, California
I have read with great interest and admiration your comments in the recent
DALE L. JOHNSON
edition of NAMI's research quarterly, The Decade of the Brain and that your office has
Secretary
been in close communication with NAMI's Office of Government Relations. Quite
Houston, Texas
coincidentally, I am the father of Dan Reisenfeld, one of your former physics students at
HERBERT S. REISENFELD
Yale. You may remember helping Dan gain admission to graduate work at Harvard's
Treasurer
Cincinnati, Ohio
astrophysics program. For personal and professional reasons, I am therefore very grateful
to you and wish to thank you.
NANCY DOMENICI
New Mexico / Washington, DC
I have also been heavily involved in NAMI's family movement, for the reason that
CLAIRE GRIFFIN-FRANCELL
Dunwoody, Georgia
Dan has an older brother who has been suffering from schizophrenia for twenty years.
As a long-standing member of the NAMI Board of Directors, and its Treasurer, I would
GENEVIEVE HEARON
Austin, Texas
be thrilled if you could present the Keynote Address at our annual convention in San
Francisco. I would be honored if you could find the time to attend the entire 3-day
BRENDA W. LYLES
Houston, Texas
convention, which is scheduled for July 6th through 9th, but I would understand if your
schedule permitted attendance on the date of the Keynote itself, currently scheduled for
RONALD F. NORRIS
Newark, Delaware
3PM on Saturday, the 6th.
CAROL REES
Ann Arbor, Michigan
As I am sure you know, NAMI's 130,000 members have been the leading
advocacy voice in the nation for implementation of the landmark national research plan
RISH VAN DEVERE SCOTT
Malibu, California
in the neurosciences. Through research funding and support, family members of persons
KATIE VATH
with serious mental illnesses, as well as those persons themselves, can envision a day
Lee's Summit, Missouri
when improved treatments, and ultimately cures, become available through scientific
JUNE WILD
inquiry--and then life will once again become bearable for all of these people.
Pewaukee, Wisconsin
Please feel free to contact me at the address or telephone number shown on the
letterhead, or by calling my office in Cincinnati at 513/321-6228. I look forward to
LAURIE M. FLYNN
Executive Director
hearing from you at your earliest convenience.
LYNN BORTON
Deputy Director
Sincerely yours,
FREDERICK FEDELI, III
Director
ffice of Government Relations
Herb Prisenfeld
Herb Reisenfeld
11th ANNUAL
Treasurer
CONVENTION
San Francisco, California
July 6 9, 1991
HR/bt
NATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR THE MENTALLY ILL
2101 WILSON BOULEVARD, SUITE 302
ARLINGTON, VA 22201
703-524-7600
FAX 703-524-9094
Golden Gateway To The
DECADE
OF THE
BRAIN
July 6-9, 1991
X X
@NAMI
ANNUAL CONVENTION
San Francisco Hilton
AT LAST
The National Alliance for the Mentally Ill '91 Convention
will be in everybody's favorite city-SAN FRANCISCO
The City
San Francisco! Beautiful, famous, controversial, exciting, and the ideal convention site. It's a city where you can scale home-grown alps in antique
cable cars, walk across the Pacific (on the Golden Gate Bridge), and island-hop by ferry. Keep reading for information on all of the exciting events we've
planned for the 1991 Convention!
Program Highlights
OPENING SESSION (July 6)
Looking Ahead to the Decade of the Brain We've invited a very special keynote speaker to this year's opening session, Dr. Oliver Sacks, author
of Awakenings. Don't miss this exciting presentation!
SERVICES DAY (July 7)
Services Plenary We've invited some of our top congressional supporters from California to address issues of vital importance to NAMI members-
the national service system and the current state of services for those who depend on government-supported programs.
Special Topic Symposia and Workshops-Planned sessions include:
Public and Private Partnership in New Drug Development
Advocating for Access to Medications
New Directions in Family Support and Education Programs
Housing and the Homeless: How to Create One and Help the Other
Employment and Rehabilitation Programs That Work!
What Every NAMI Member Needs to Know About the New P&A Law
Forensic Problems of the Mentally Ill
Siblings and Adult Children's Network: Where Do We Go From Here?
Research on MH Services: Results of the MacArthur Project
Compassionate Intervention-Not Police Action
RESEARCH DAY (July 8)
Research Plenary We will highlight the work of three of NAMI's favorite researchers:
Floyd Bloom, M.D.; Director, Division of Preclinical Neuroscience, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation
Jack Barchas, M.D.; Associate Dean of Neuroscience, UCLA School of Medicine
William Bunney, M.D.; Department of Psychiatry, University of California at Irvine
Ask the Doctors Sessions and Research Workshops will give you the opportunity to ask leading experts about mental illness and discover "the
state of the art" in treatment. Sessions include:
The Genetics of Mental Illness
Update on Medication and Side Effects
How Body Chemistry Affects the Mind
Overview of New Research in Schizophrenia
New Research in Affective Disorders
New Research in Obsessive Compulsive Disorders
Sexuality and Mental Illness
The Assessment and Management of Violent Behavior
Understanding Psychiatric Disorders in Children
AIDS Related Problems and Mental Illness
Awards Dinner (July 8) Keynote Speaker: The Honorable Pete Wilson, Governor of California (invited)
SPECIAL TOURS There will be many interesting activities to partake in including a wonderful introductory tour of the city, a tour of the wine country,
and a visit to Napa State Hospital. Register early and we'll send you details on each of these tours in your confirmation packet.
PRE-CONFERENCE SESSIONS: (To attend these sessions you must pre-register for them.)
Affiliate and Network Fundraising Day-July 5, 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.) The $10 registration fee includes morning coffee and meeting materials.
This conference will teach you valuable fundraising skills to share with your affiliate and network. For more information contact Lynne Saunders in
Member Services at (703) 524-7600.
Curriculum & Training Forum-(July 5, 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.) The $10 registration fee includes morning coffee and meeting materials. For more
information call Vicky Conn, C & T Chair, at (215) 356-1541.
Children and Adolescents' (NAMI-CAN) Network Meeting-July 5, 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.) The $10 fee includes meeting materials and morning
coffee. This full day conference will cover the following topics: Effectively Treating Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Creating
Respite Services: Developing Comprehensive Community Services for Children; Planning Appropriate Education Programs; and Strengthening the
Resiliency of Families. For more information call Rebecca Viers, NAMI-CAN Chair, at (505) 766-3034.
Golden Gateway To The
DECADE
OFTHE
BRAIN
July 6-9, 1991
Convention Fees
Early Bird Rates-NAMI members registering before May 31, 1991, will pay $160 per person.
Nonmembers registering before May 31, 1991, will pay $200 per person.
Last Minute Rates-NAMI members registering after May 31, 1991, will pay $175 per person.
Nonmembers registering after May 31, 1991, will pay $220 per person.
Consumer Rate-Consumers registering before May 31, 1991, will pay $100.
Your registration fee covers the convention fee, the opening reception, the awards dinner on July 8, registration materials, and attendance at all
sessions. It does not include your lodging or transportation costs. You must make these arrangements yourself.
Day Rates-NAMI members registering for only one or two days will pay a registration fee of $60 per day.
Nonmembers registering for only one or two days will pay a registration fee of $80 per day.
Reduced fees for early registration will not be available for day rate attendees. Day registrants will receive meal tickets for all meal functions which are
scheduled on that day.
The deadline for all registrations is June 10, 1991!
Lodging Choices
San Francisco Hilton on Hilton Square
The Hilton is the site of all the convention activities and the most convenient lodging choice. NAMI recommends that attendees make their reservations at
the Hilton. It is a beautiful hotel with sleeping rooms that are large and comfortable.
Single/Double-$90.00 per night
Triple-$110.00 per night
To make reservations at the Hilton complete the hotel reservation form in this flyer or call Hilton Reservations (415) 771-1400. Be certain to tell them
you are with the NAMI Convention.
Holiday Inn Union Square
The Holiday Inn, located at 480 Sutter Street, is a ten minute walk from the Hilton and has good-sized rooms. To make a reservation call (415) 398-
8900. Be certain to tell them that you are with NAMI.
Single/Double-$70.00 per night
Triple-$90.00 per night
King George Hotel
The King George, located at 334 Mason Street, is one block from the Hilton. Keep in mind that although it is a pleasant little hotel, the sleeping rooms
are small. To make a reservation call (415) 781-5050. Be certain to tell them that you are with NAMI.
Single/Double Occupancy-$70.00 per night
ALL HOTEL RESERVATIONS MUST BE MADE BY JUNE 4, 1991!
Transportation
The Convention is scheduled to begin at 3:00 p.m. on Saturday, July 6 and conclude at 12:00 noon on Tuesday, July 9, so make your travel arrangements
accordingly. (If you plan to attend a pre-conference session on July 5th be certain your travel plans reflect this.)
For your convenience we have designated three airlines as the official air carriers for the 1991 convention. Each of these airlines is offering a convention
discount to NAMI members. You may choose to fly on whichever of the three airlines best meets your travel needs and still be guaranteed the convention
discount. This discount can range from 40%-45% off normal coach fares!
To make reservations on United Airlines: Call United toll-free at 1-800-521-4041. Be certain to give them the NAMI account number: 432RK.
To make reservations on American Airlines: Call American toll-free at 1-800-433-1790. Be certain to give them the NAMI Star account:
#SO271VR.
To make reservations on Northwest Airlines: Call Northwest toll-free at 1-800-328-1111. Be certain to give them the NAMI Profile #08143.
All three of the official airlines fly into San Francisco International Airport, the most convenient airport to the convention site. Either you or your travel
agent can make reservations by calling the appropriate numbers listed above. If you need assistance with your travel, call Karen Otter at Global Travel,
the official travel agency of the NAMI convention, at 1-800-447-2455.
Registration Form
Hotel Reservation Form
NAMI 1991 Annual Convention
San Francisco Hilton on Hilton Square
NAME(s)
Single (1 person)
$90
(Print/type as you wish name(s) to appear on badge.)
FULL ADDRESS
Double (2 persons, 1 bed)
$90
CITY
STATE
ZIP
Twin (2 persons, 2 beds)
$90
DAYTIME TELEPHONE Area Code: (
)
Check-in time is 3:00 p.m. Check-out time is 12:00 noon.
NAMI ID#
(# off NAMI Newsletter label)
Each additional person in room (non-family member) is $20 per night.
PAYMENT INFORMATION (Check appropriate category of payment)
Maximum number in guest room is four.
$160 Early Bird member paid before May 31, 1991
$200 Early Bird nonmember paid before May 31, 1991
$175 Last Minute member paid after May 31, 1991
Suites available starting at $195 & up. For suite information
$220 Last Minute nonmember paid after May 31, 1991
contact the Hilton at (415) 771-1400.
$100 Consumer Rate paid before May 31, 1991
$ 60 Day Rate (member)
$80 Day Rate (nonmember)
For day rates check day(s) you plan to attend:
(Please type or print)
July 6,
July 7,
July 8,
July 9
NAME
Pre-conference Sessions:
$10 Fundraising Day (July 5)
SHARING WITH
$10 Curriculum & Training Forum (July 5)
$10 NAMI-CAN Network Meeting (July 5)
CONFIRM TO (Address)
AMOUNT OF CHECK ENCLOSED $
CITY
STATE
ZIP
AMOUNT OF CHARGE $
to: (check one.)
DAYTIME PHONE Area Code:
(
)
VISA
MASTERCARD
ARR. DATE
HOUR
CHARGE ACCOUNT NUMBER
a.m. p.m.
EXPIRATION DATE
DEPARTURE DATE
SIGNATURE
Rooms will be held until 6:00 p.m. To guarantee a late arrival, please provide
a major credit card number:
Make check payable to and return to: NAMI '91 Convention
2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 302, Arlington, VA 22201.
CARD NAME
Cancellation Policy: It will be necessary to charge a $25 cancellation
CARD NUMBER
fee to cover operating costs if you cannot attend after registering.
To cancel you must notify the NAMI Registrar in writing prior to
EXPIRATION DATE
June 20. No refunds can be made after this date!
SCHOLARSHIP FUND
All room rates are subject to the prevailing California and San Francisco
Your donation will help us to sponsor client scholarships for the
Accommodations Taxes which currently are 11%.
convention. You can contribute to the scholarship fund by adding a
donation to your registration check or charge amount.
ROOM RESERVATIONS MUST BE MADE BY JUNE 4, 1991!
$
Amount of Donation
NATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR THE MENTALLY ILL
JULY 5-9, 1991
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY:
Return this form to: Reservations Manager
REG.#
AMOUNT
San Francisco Hilton on Hilton Square
DATE RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED
One Hilton Square
CHECK#
INITIALS
San Francisco, CA 94102-9751
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER:
9121589
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
TREAT, John E.: FORUM ON BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
DATE OF EVENT: 09/25/91
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO ADDRESS THE CONFERENCE, "THE FUTURE OF
ACADEMIC RESEARCH AND SCIENCE FACILITIES" IN
PHILADELPHIA.
RSVP:
06/17/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
NO
COPIES TO:
INTERNATIONAL/POL
REMARKS: 6/26/91- Regretted to John Treat!
mr
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
05/27/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/03/91
FILE: l'INVITATION-SPEECH
9121589
FORUM ON BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
91 3 35
May 27, 1991
The Hon. D. Allan Bromley, Ph.D.
Assistant to the President for Science and Technology
Old Executive Office Building
17th Street and Pennsylvania Ave., NW -- Suite 358
Washington, DC 20506
Re: The Future of Academic Research and Science Facilities
-- conference in Philadelphia, September 25-27, 1991
Dear Dr. Bromley:
I'm writing to request your active support for this important meeting, at which a group of
senior administrators and planners from U.S. universities will discuss plans and strategies for
rejuvenating and maintaining our national academic research infrastructure. Enclosed is a full
conference prospectus, for your reference.
We at Tradeline have been actively involved in coordinating opportunities for these people to
exchange successful planning concepts, innovative financing approaches, and cost-effective
design ideas. Inside the conference prospectus, you'll find a sample invitation from our last
such event.
We have also been working recently with the "Higher Education Colloquium on Science
Facilities," chaired by Senator Terry Sanford, in support of their efforts to establish guidelines
for "efficient building methods," and to gather data on actual construction costs for university
and industry labs.
I would like to invite you to address the audience at our next conference, sharing your insights
into the changing environment for academic research, and offering your encouragement to
those who are "in the trenches," working to create and re-create the infrastructure that will
support U.S. science and science teaching. This would be a 30-minute presentation, preferably
during the morning of September 25, though another day or time might also work.
I urge you to accept this invitation, and eagerly await your reply.
Very truly ours,
John E. Treat
Director of Program Planning
Enclosures: as described
TRADELINE, INC.
P.O. BOX 1568
115 ORINDA WAY
ORINDA, CALIFORNIA 94563
TELEPHONE (415) 254-1744
FAX (415) 254-2744
FORUM ON BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE FACILITIES:
COST-EFFECTIVE PLANS AND MANAGEMENT
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
September 25-27, 1991
Sheraton Society Hill
Philadelphia
FORUM ON BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
TRADELINE, INC. P.O. BOX 1568 115 ORINDA WAY ORINDA, CA 94563 TELEPHONE: (415)254-1744
TRADELINE, INC.
Contents
Conference:
Event Profile
1
Audience
2
Program
3
Conference Facilities
6
Promotion & Endorsements
7
Background:
Program Evaluations
8
Tradeline Sponsors
9
Tradeline Programs
10
TRADELINE, INC.
Event Profile
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE FACILITIES:
COST-EFFECTIVE PLANS AND MANAGEMENT
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
September 25-27, 1991
Sheraton Society Hill, Philadelphia
The New Environment for University Science
Key Design Features for Successful Labs
New Plans and Designs for Flexibility
Decision-Making on Lab Interiors and Support Space
Key Planning Issues for Lab Renovations
Criteria for Selecting M/E Designs
Latest Findings on Lab Standards
Design Concepts for Research Productivity
Project Delivery Strategies
User Reports on Notable Recent Projects
Strategies for Selecting A/Es and Contractors
Costs, budgets and financial planning
A three-day planning conference on the latest concepts and strategies for creating successful, cost-effective
research and science facilities. The program will be attended by research administrators, facilities planners
and project managers from a variety of public and private institutions with major research programs and plans
for upcoming facilities projects.
Management & Planning Presentations
Technical Workshops
Case Reports
Open Forum Discussion Sessions
Luncheons
Hosted Breakfast
Wine Tasting Reception
Pre-Conference Reception
1
TRADELINE, INC.
Audience
Universities, colleges and medical schools that have been represented at recent Tradeline
facilities planning conferences:
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Baylor College of Medicine
Stanford University
Boston University Medical Campus
Stanford University Medical School
Brandeis University
State University Construction Fund
Brigham Young University
State University of New York at Buffalo
Brown University
Thomas Jefferson University
Carnegie Mellon University
UBC-Campus Planning & Development
Clemson University
UC/Davis
Cornell University
UC/Irvine
Cornell University Medical College
UC/Irvine-College of Medicine
Dartmouth College
UCLA
Duke University
UC/Riverside
E Carolina University
UC/San Diego
Eastern Virginia Medical School
UC/San Francisco
Frank J Seiler Research Lab USAFA
UC/Santa Cruz
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
University of Alabama at Birmingham
George Washington University
University of Alberta
Georgetown University
University of Arizona
Grand Valley State University
University of Chicago/Bioscience Div.
Harvard Medical School
University of Cincinnati
Harvard University
University of Colorado Medical School
Howard University
University of Connecticut Health Center
Indiana University Medical School
University of Idaho
James Madison University
University of Illinois College of Medicine
Johns Hopkins University
University of Illinois/Chicago
Kansas State University
University of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign
LSU Medical Center
University of Iowa
LSU School of Medicine
University of Kentucky
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Kentucky Medical Center
Medical College of Ohio
University of Maryland
Medical University of South Carolina
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Michigan State University
University of Maryland Foundation
MIT Sloan School of Management
University of Massachusetts Medical Center
Moffitt Cancer Center
University of Michigan
National Science Foundation
University of Michigan-Cancer Center
North Carolina State University
University of Michigan Medical School
Northeastern University
University of Missouri at Columbia
NYU Medical Center
University of Nebraska-College of Medicine
Oak Ridge Assoc. Universities
University of North Carolina
Ohio State University
University of North Dakota
Oklahoma University
University of Oklahoma-Health Sciences Center
Penn State University
University of Pennsylvania
Presbyterian Hospital
University of South Carolina
Princeton University
University of South Florida
Purdue University
University of Tennessee
(continued)
2-a
TRADELINE, INC.
Audience
University of Texas
University of Texas Health Science Center
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
University of Texas Medical Branch
University of Toronto-Facility of Medicine
University of Virginia
University of Washington
University System of New Hampshire
Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Tech University
Washington University
Wichita State University
Yale Medical School
2-b
TRADELINE, INC.
Program
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE FACILITIES: COST-EFFECTIVE PLANS AND MANAGEMENT
Day 1: Wednesday, September 25, 1991
CONFERENCE OVERVIEW (8:30-8:55 a.m.)
GUEST SPEAKER PRESENTATIONS (8:55-9:55 a.m.)
New National Priorities for Science and Research
Emerging and fast-growing fields to watch. Scientists and funds: where they will come from and where
they will go. The effects of merging disciplines and interdisciplinary research. Specialty areas vs. broad
programs. Implications for new university science programs, facilities and research environments.
The Latest Success Features for Functional, Cost-Effective Labs
Winning ideas to know about: corridor shcemes, "shell" lab space, lab mock-ups, cable tray systems.
Mistakes to avoid: video-teleconferencing rooms, exposed roof-top HVAC, bench-top exhaust. Ideas still
out for review: interstitial floors, programmatic buildings.
BREAK (9:55-10:20 a.m.)
PREVIEW OF CONCURRENT FORUMS (10:20-10:50 a.m.)
Brief introduction to each of the first day presentations.
CONCURRENT FORUM PRESENTATIONS (Session 1: 11:00 a.m.-12:15 p.m.)
Presentations on five of the following topics. Sponsors may submit alternate topics for consideration.
(1) New Directions and Key Planning Issues for Labs
Survey and analysis of recent successful lab projects. Evolving trends. Advanced concepts for laboratory
support zones and work environments. Flexible approaches for lab layouts and usages. Strategies for
interactive/intelligent building control systems. Designing for air quality.
(2) Decision-Making on Overall Building Concepts
Building shapes and number of floors. Options for image. Programming for modules and interiors. Open
vs. closed labs. Windows for labs and offices. Utility distribution. Circulation, public spaces and service
access. Flexibility, space efficiency and costs.
(3) Renovation Strategies for Research Buildings
New design criteria for exising labs. Evaluation of existing structures and utilities. Budgets and project
feasibility. Strategies for continued occupancy. Wet vs. dry lab renovations. Pitfalls to avoid. Scheduling,
staging and construction methodologies.
(4) Cost and Budget Implications of Key Project Elements
Results from an in-depth survey of university spending. Who's spending how much on what and why.
Major decisions that impact costs. Trends and priorities. Justification of selected premiums.
Recommendations.
(5) Decision-Making on Overall Mechanical System Approach
Survey and evaluation of alternative approaches to secondary air-handling systems for labs: VAV vs.
constant-volume. Advantages and disadvantages of each. Cost comparisons. Criteria for decision-
making. Examples from recent projects. Lessons and recommendations.
(continued)
3
TRADELINE, INC.
Program
Day 1: Wednesday, September 25, 1991 (continued)
(6) Flexible M/E Design for Multi-Function Buildings
Design parameters that facilitate future modifications and adaptations. Criteria for evaluating alternative
designs. Integration with architecture and structures. Special considerations for lab areas, classrooms and
offices. Examples. Costs.
(7) Construction Lessons for Cost-Efficiency
Cost implications of flexibility and building systems issues: lab modules, hood/bench design standards,
systems distribution. Survey of current costs of key lab components. Successful value-engineering target
items. Design-phase management ideas.
HOSTED LUNCHEON (12:15-1:30 p.m.)
CONCURRENT FORUM PRESENTATIONS (Session 2: 1:30-2:45 p.m.)
BREAK (2:45-3:00 p.m.)
ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSIONS (3:00-3:45 p.m.)
Open discussions on topics of current interest: Siting decisions. Programming data. HVAC. Lab modules.
Renovation projects. Project management. Costs, budgets and financial planning.
CASE STUDIES (3:45-4:35 p.m.)
Two reports on notable recent projects. Example follows:
Baylor College of Medicine's Taub and Smith Buildings
Two new institutional spec buildings for research, part of the east campus development project. Space
palnning and development. Building systems. Cost-saving decisions and trade-offs. Forward planning for
"Research 2000." Recommendations.
WINE TASTING RECEPTION (4:35-6:00 p.m.)
*
*
*
Day 2: Thursday, September 26, 1991
HOSTED BREAKFAST MEETING (7:00-8:00 a.m.)
ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSIONS (8:10-8:55 a.m.)
Open discussions on topics of current interest: Siting decisions. Programming data. HVAC. Lab modules.
Renovation projects. Project management. Costs, budgets and financial planning.
CASE REPORTS (9:00-9:50 a.m.)
Two reports on notable recent projects. Example follows:
UC San Diego's Engineering Building Unit I
Post-occupancy evaluation of this 215,000 sf, $46 million project, completed in March 1989. Program
requirements and design solutions. Concepts for research and teaching labs. Building systems and utilities.
User reactions. Best ideas for other projects. Lessons learned
(continued)
4
TRADELINE, INC.
Program
Day 2: Thursday, September 26, 1991 (continued)
PREVIEW OF "ARMCHAIR TOURS" (9:50-10:20 a.m.)
Brief introduction to each of the second day presentations.
BREAK (10:20-10:40 a.m.)
CONCURRENT "ARMCHAIR TOURS" (10:40-11:30 a.m.; 11:40 a.m.-12:30 p.m.; 1:40-2:30 p.m.)
Six presentations on recent projects of national significance. Example follows:
U. Penn's Institute of Advanced Science and Technology
A new 260,000 sf complex which will incorporate facilities for bioengineering, chemical engineering,
chemistry, computer sciences, and cognitive sciences research. Integration of architectural and engineering
systems. Daylighting concepts. Project costs. Recommendations.
HOSTED LUNCHEON (12:35-1:35 p.m.)
BREAK (2:30-2:45 p.m.)
SPECIAL REPORT (2:45-3:15 p.m.)
Report on recent technological developments and facilities planning implications. Example follows:
Strategies for Low-Level Radioactive Wastes
Coming changes in legislation and disposal methods. Management and technical issues. Survey of
technologies for handling and disposal. Options and decision-making. Costs. Implications for facilities
plans and operations.
HOSTED DINNER/ENTERTAINMENT EXTRAVAGANZA: TO BE ANNOUNCED (4:00-7:00 p.m.)
*
*
*
Day 3: Friday, September 27, 1991
HOSTED BREAKFAST MEETING (8:00-9:00 a.m.)
SURVEY RESULTS FOR KEY LAB DESIGN ISSUES (9:00-11:15)
Three reports on the pros and cons of specific solutions to pressing design challenges, based on actual field
data from a selection of recent projects. Example follows:
Lab-Office Relationships
Results from a survey of six university science buildings. What was built and why. Programmatic
requirements. Trade-offs. Costs. User reactions and feedback. Analysis of successful and unsuccessful
approaches. Lessons and recommendations. Planning lessons.
FOCUSING ON FACILITY INVESTMENTS THAT WORK (11:15 a.m.-12:00 noon)
Nine key features for university science building plans. Overall facility concepts. Work environments. Utility
systems. Project organization and management. Managing user groups. What others are doing. Questions and
answers.
ADJOURN (12:00 noon)
5
Sheraton Society Hill
Philadelphia
SHIPPEN
REYNOLDS
WHITPEN
TO KITCHEN
Conference Facilities
FRAMPTON
CLAYPOOLE
6
A1
E1
SOCIETY HILL
BALLROOM
OUTDOOR
FLOWER
GARDEN
B
C
D
BROMLEY
A2
E2
COOK
GUEST ELEVATORS
PREFUNCTION AREA
TO LOBBY, RESTAURANT
AND LOUNGE
CONVENTION
M
W
SERVICES
BOARDROOM
HOUSE
PHONES
OUTDOOR GARDEN
TRADELINE, INC.
TRADELINE, INC.
Promotion & Endorsements
Advance publicity and direct mail invitations
handled by Tradeline. Tradeline's prime list
consists of approximately 3,000 names. Spon-
sors may furnish their own lists of firms to be
invited.
Formal invitations to be mailed July 19, 1991.
Advertising and stories in Facilities Planning
News, July 1991 issue.
7
TRADELINE, INC.
Background
PROGRAM EVALUATIONS
Tradeline conferences consistently receive high audience ratings for providing substan-
tive, leading-edge content and for being exceptionally well-organized. On average, more
than 90% of attendees rate the conference as good or excellent. The average rating for the
nine most recent conferences is as follows:
Excellent
Good
Satisfactory
Poor
55%
40%
4%
1%
The highest-rated program in the past year earned this audience rating:
Excellent
Good
Satisfactory
Poor
70%
30%
0%
0%
Here are some of the things attendees say about the conference:
"Very nice; well organized; good speakers."
"I came back with helpful suggestions from all sessions."
"Please notify me of future conferences!"
"The conference was professionally organized, well thought out & planned, highly informative
and educational. Thanks!"
"My compliments for a well-organized, well-planned and well- presented conference."
"I must list this conference among the best that I have attended, start to finish."
"Fantastic format - especially beneficial since it permitted ample opportunity to interact."
"Easily the best conference I have attended for some time."
"The conference was intense, informative, helpful and enjoyable."
"The format was excellent, interesting and quick!"
"The first conference I've been to where everything started on time. Good job!"
8
TRADELINE, INC.
Background
Representative sponsors of past Tradeline conferences include:
Service Organizations
McCarthy
3D International
McLellan & Copenhagen
A.M. Kinney Associates
Marenzana Group
MBT Associates
Affiliated Engineers, Inc.
Anderson DeBartolo Pan
NBBJ Group
O'Brein/Atkins Associates
Anshen - Allen
Odell Associates
Arthur D. Little, Inc
BBN Laboratories
Payette Associates
Perkins & Will
Ballinger
Peter A. Lendrum Associates
Barton Malow
Bobrow/Thomas and Associates
PBS Building Systems
Brown & Caldwell
Research Facilities Design
Buss, Silvers and Hughes
R.G. Vanderweil Engineers
Robert Morris Associates
Cabot Cabot & Forbes
CH2M-Hill
Robinson, Mills and Williams
Russell Gibson von Dohlen
CRSS
RTKL Associates
CUH2A
Curtis Cox Kennerly
Smith Hincvhman & Grylls
Daverman Associates
Stone, Marraccini & Patterson
Davis Brody & Associates
Symmes, Maini & McKee Associates
TAC, The Architects Collaborative
Davy McKee
deTienne Associates
The Austin Group
DMJM
The Carlson Group
Earl Walls Associates
The Hillier Group
Ellerbe Beckett
The Kling-Lindquist Partnership
Engineering Science, Inc. (Parsons)
The PHH Design Group
Fitness Systems, Inc.
The Sigel Group
The Stubbins Associates
Flack + Kurtz
Flad & Associates
Triad Technologies
Whisler-Patri
Gilbane Building Company
Greiner Engineering
Woodward-Clyde
H2L2
Haines Lundberg Waehler
Furniture & Equipment Suppliers
Hansen Lind Meyer
Auto-Trol Technology
Harley Ellington Pierce Yee
Fisher Scientific - Comtempra
The H.K. Ferguson Company
Hamilton
HMBH Architects
Haworth
HOK Architects
HEMCO
Holabird & Root
ISEC
Jacobs Engineering Group
JG Furniture Systems
Kaplan/McLaughlin/Diaz
Labmarc Corporation
KZF Incorporated
Permalab Equipment Company
Leo A. Daly Company
Phoenix Controls Corporation
Lester B. Knight & Associates
SunarHauserman
Lockwood, Andrews and Newnam
Tate Access Floors
Lockwood Greene
Thomas & Betts
Lohan Associates
(continued)
9-a
TRADELINE, INC.
Background
Development Agencies
Anne Arundel County Office of Economic Development
Arkansas Industrial Development Commission
Baltimore Gas & Electric
Blount County/Tenn.
Cache County Economic Development/Utah
California Dept. of Commerce
Charlotte Chamber of Commerce
Colorado Office of Business Development
Dayton Development Council
Denver Chamber of Commerce
Florida Industrial Development Department
Illinois Department of Commerce
Ireland Industrial Development Authority
Massachusetts Dept. of Commerce & Development
METRO-UTAH
Nebraska Department of Economic Development
Oklahoma Department of Economic Development
Pacific Gas & Electric
San Antonio Economic Development Foundation
San Diego Economic Development Corp.
Solano County Development Corp./CA
State of Arizona
State of Colorado
State of Iowa High-Tech Council
State of Maryland
Texas Economic Development Commission
Utah Economic Development Office
Other Organizations
Corporate Design & Realty
Facilities Planning News
Hospital Council of Southern California
Semiconductor Industry Association
9-b
TRADELINE, INC.
Background
Other recent Tradeline conferences on national management and technical issues include:
R&D Facilities: New Concepts for Flexible, Cost-Effective Buildings
San Diego, 1990
Corporate Training, Education and Conference Facilities
San Francisco, 1990
Cost-Effective Corporate Facilities: The Next Generation
Boston, 1990
Animal Research Facilities: Advanced Planning Concepts
Philadelphia, 1990
University Science & Research Facilities
San Francisco, 1990
Healthcare Facilities: The Next Generation
Boston, 1990
R&D Facilities: New Concepts for Flexible, Cost-Effective Buildings
Philadelphia, 1990
Cost-Effective Corporate Facilities of the Future
Newport Beach, 1990
Research Animal Facilities: New Plans & Designs
Austin, 1990
R&D Facilities: The Next Generation
San Francisco, 1989
Planning & Constructing Special-Purpose Facilities
San Francisco, 1989
University Research Facilities: New Plans & Systems
Boston, 1989
Process & Production Facilities for the 1990's
Philadelphia, 1989
Corporate Training Facilities: New Plans & Designs
Boston, 1989
R&D Facilities: The Next Generation
Philadelphia, 1989
Cost-Effective Corporate Facilities of the Future
Phoenix, 1989
(continued)
10-a
TRADELINE, INC.
Background
R&D Facilities: Changing Concepts & Standards
San Francisco, 1988
New Biotechnology Facilities for the 1990's
San Francisco, 1988
Flexible Open/Closed Offices of the Future
Philadelphia, 1988
User/Developer Joint Venture Projects
Boston, 1988
Flexible High-Tech Facilities
San Francisco, 1988
New Biotechnology Facilities for the 1990's
Boston, 1988
R&D Facilities: Changing Concepts & Standards
Philadelphia, 1988
New Corporate Facilities for the 1990's
San Diego, 1988
The R&D Facility of the Future
San Francisco, 1987
Planning New Biotechnology Facilities for the 1990's
San Francisco, 1987
Knowledge Workers: High-Tech Facilities for the 1990's
Boston, 1987
The 1987 High-Tech Facilities Conference
San Francisco, 1987
Flexible Corporate Facilities for the 1990's
Boston, 1987
R&D Facilities: Changing Concepts & Standards
Boston, 1987
Elderly Care Programs for the 1990's
Tampa, 1987
The R&D Facility of the Future
San Francisco, 1986
10-b
PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA
S
PHILADELPHIA
Sheraton Society Hill
PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia
S
The hospitality people of ITT
One Dock Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Sheraton Society Hill
215-238-6000
332
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FORGE
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CHURCH
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AV
276
FIRST
73
SCHUYLKILL
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SOCIETY
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AIRPT
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611
76
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ADEMY AND
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291
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73
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CHESTNUT
295
WALNUT
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EXIT
WHITMAN,
70
95
BRIDGE
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CHERRY HILL
291
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JERSEY
PHILADELPHIA
DELAWARE RIVER
295
INTL AIRPORT
For reservations at one of over 500 Sheratons worldwide
call toll-free 800-325-3535 in the U.S. and Canada. Or call
your travel agent.
For free Sheraton Hotels & Inns Directory write Sheraton
Directory, Sixty State Street, Boston, MA 02109
(150,000)
Red carpet on t
The Sheraton Society Hill is the only fine hotel
Surround yourself in the comfort of The Courtyard.
designed and built with the success of your
Our four-story atrium, with it's splendid skylight ceiling,
meeting in mind. Our Society Hill Ballroom is an
captures all the charm of a lush Society Hill garden.
impressive setting for meetings, receptions and
Settle down to coffee and the morning paper in an
grand banquets. We feature a plush executive
overstuffed chair. Or gather for cocktails and conver-
boardroom and nine private meeting rooms, most
sation under the trees. It's the perfect prelude to a
of which open out onto a formal garden. There's
night on the town. Or the perfect place to just relax
even an in-house audio visual company and a staff
and enjoy the sounds of Chopin on the grand piano.
of Conference Coordinators to assist in keeping
plans and proceedings running smoothly.
Take a moment and escape to our tropical indoor
pool, sparkling beneath a glass sunroof. Or, for a
fresh change of pace, make arrangements to enjoy
he cobblestones
a poolside breakfast or afternoon salad. Our room
service staff is attentively at your call 24 hours
a day.
Float tension away in our heated whirlpool or
gear up for a work-out and sauna in our fitness
Welcome to the only fine hotel in the heart of
center.
Philadelphia's most historic and exciting neighbor-
hood. The only fine hotel to anticipate your every
need. With an attentive and professional staff devoted
to the belief that little things mean a lot.
Welcome to the Sheraton Society Hill.
Discover Americus, our premier restaurant, and
enjoy sumptuous fare, delicately prepared with
imagination and flair.
Built on the site of the colonial Dock Street
Market, Americus blends the traditions of freshness
and quality of that bygone era with contemporary
culinary know-how. The result is innovative
cuisine served morning, noon and night, in the
most elegant surroundings.
For centuries, attention to personal service has
been the hallmark of the Concierge. In keeping
with this tradition, we've assembled a full
Concierge staff who go beyond the expected to
perform last minute miracles.
Accommodations number 365 guest rooms, in-
cluding 17 suites. Each is thoughtfully appointed in
traditional style. Yet all feature up-to-the-minute
amenities as a private bar and first-run movies on
your remote control television.
Step out on the town without ever leaving the
hotel. Our own video dance club, Spectacles, is
one of Philadelphia's sizzling hot spots. Enjoy com-
plimentary hors d'oeuvres, great dancing and the
most sophisticated music video entertainment
around. Everybody looks better in Spectacles!
We're the only fine hotel surrounded by a 300-
year old Colonial neighborhood. And a shopping,
restaurant and nightlife renaissance that's making
new history in Philadelphia.
Ride a horse-drawn carriage and tour the most
historic square mile in America. Independence
National Historic Park, with Independence Hall
and the Liberty Bell, is right next door. And the
vibrant Penn's Landing riverfront, site of city
celebrations, fairs and festivals, is right in our
own backyard.
Stroll down cobblestone streets where quaint
shops and trendsetting boutiques wait to be
explored. Then sample a famous Philly cheese-
steak or soft pretzel on the same corner where
you'll find Cajun gumbo and country paté. It's
all just steps away from your room.
Photographs of historic sites courtesy of
the Philadelphia Convention and Visitors Bureau
FACILITIES
THE NEXT GENERATION
1991 CONFERENCES:
New Building Concepts, Systems, & Work Environments
1
254-1744
BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
TRADELINE, INC. P.O. BOX 1568 ORINDA, CA 94563 (415)
FORUM ON
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NEW DATA,
STANDARDS
NEW OMEDICA April 4-5 AL standards.
ARPORTS: 5. 31 August ANSION STRATEGIES plans.
Invitation and Program
to the 1991 Conferences:
New
plans.
Houston
1
BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
April 4-5
FACILITIES
&
San Diego
2.
MANAGEMENT OF
Photo Balthazar Korab Courtesy HLM
Courtesy Warren Aerial Photography, Inc.
April 18-19
FACILITIES ORGANIZATIONS
RECENT
Philadelphia
3.
R&D FACILITIES
May 8-9
AND LABS
FINDINGS
San Measures MANAGEMENT OF and and FACILITIES charge-backs. ORGANIZATIONS Project
IIIIIII IIIIIM
=
4.
HEALTHCARE
in
IIIIIII
" ...... September Flexibility. 25-26 ARCH New CHILDINGS renovations.
Boston
May
16-17
FACILITIES
Philadelphia
5.
AIRPORTS:
IIIIIG
31
Aug
1
NEW EXPANSION STRATEGIES
July
YOU CAN
Philadelphia September 25-26
6.
UNIVERSITY RESEARCH
BUILDINGS
Space
7.
CORPORATE
BUILD ON
Boston October 10-11
TRAINING FACILITIES
Courtesy Eli Lilly & SH&G Assoc
Blessing Courtesy Ellerbe Beckett
San Diego
8.
R&D FACILITIES
December 4-5
AND LABS
in
RED FACILITIES 3. labs,s. support
7.CORPORATE TRAIN CORPORPORATE CORPORATE TRAINE long-range Costs.
NAME
TITLE
COMPANY
FORUM ON
space
ADDRESS
M/S#
BUSINESS
Photo David Wakely Courtesy Anshen Allen
Photo Ron Jordan Courtesy HLW
CITY/STATE/ZIP
and
PHONE
(
)
TECHNOLOGY
standards Costs.
support
Costs.
OUR COMPANY IS A:
High-tech Firm
Developer
A/E Firm
CHEALTHCARE Flexible Facility ALTHCARE FACILICATION
R & D Organzation
Financial Firm
Supplier
TRADELINE, INC.
Healthcare Firm
University
P.O. BOX 1568
Other
ORINDA, CA 94563
415-254-1744
space
Complete and return this section
Photo Steve Rosenthal Courtesy Payette Assoc
Courtesy SH&G Assoc.
Cover Photo: Hedrich Blessing Courtesy Burt Hill Kosar Rittelmann
SAMPLE INVITATION
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
& RESEARCH FACILITIES
June 13-14, 1990 — San Francisco
Photo by Craig Baird
Courtesy Haines Lundberg Waehler
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13, 1990 (8:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m.)
Registration and Conference Materials (8:00 a.m.)
Conference Overview
Westfall
New National Priorities for Science and Research (8:55 a.m.)-Emerging and fast-
growing fields to watch. Scientists and funds: where will they come from and where will they go? The
effects of merging disciplines and interdisciplinary research. Specialty areas vs. broad programs. Im-
plications for new university science programs, facilities and research environments. Hagstrom
Survey of Recent U.S. University and Industry Laboratory Projects (9:25 a.m.)-New
programming, design and project delivery methods. Unique lab buildings. Lessons to be learned from
industry. Successful ideas for flexibility, renovation, building systems, teaching environments, interac-
tion and amenities.
Rietz
Preview of Concurrent Forums (10:15 a.m.)
Concurrent Forums A, B, C, D and E (10:50 a.m.-12:05 p.m., repeated 1:20-2:35 p.m.)
Forum A: Decision-Making on Overall Building Concepts-Building shapes and
number of floors. Options for image. Programming for modules and interiors. Open VS. closed labs.
Windows for labs and offices. Utility distribution. Circulation, public spaces and service access.
Flexibility, space efficiency and costs.
Garretson/Nunemaker
Forum B: Special Problems & Solutions for Grant-Funded Projects-Effects of
partial and full grant funding on programming, planning and design. Architectural and engineering
considerations. Project management issues. Scheduling and decision-making. Proven solutions. Ex-
amples from recent projects.
Muskat/Kaplan
Forum C: Latest Findings on University Lab Standards-Survey and analysis of critical
numbers for labs. Modules. Hood provisions. CFM capacities. Floor-to-floor heights. Floor loading.
Photo by Balthazar Korab
C
Facility population. Building efficiencies. Costs. Developing a pro forma lab for the future. Henry
Forum D: Flexible M/E Design for Multi-Function Buildings-Presentation of design
parameters that facilitate future modifications and adaptations. Criteria for evaluating alternative
designs. Integration with architecture and structures. Special considerations for lab areas,
classrooms and offices. Examples. Costs.
Rebak/Clark
Forum E: Strategies for Saving Construction Dollars-Proprietary systems buying
strategies. Negotiating strategies, purchase orders, contract language. Competitive bidding. Alter-
nates for equipment and equipment features under bidding and negotiated strategies.
Bishop/Chappell/Carroll
Hosted Luncheon (12:05-1:20 p.m.)
Concurrent Forums A, B, C, D and E (1:20-2:35 p.m.)
Roundtable Discussions (2:55 p.m.)-Open discussions on topics of current interest. Siting deci-
sions. Programming data. HVAC. Lab modules. Renovation projects. Project management. Costs,
budgets and financial planning.
Taub Research Center & Smith Research Building, Baylor College of Medicine
(3:40 p.m.)-Two new institutional spec buildings for research, part of the east campus development
project. Space planning and development. Building systems. Cost-saving decisions and trade-offs. For-
ward planning for "Research 2000." Recommendations.
Scoular
UC San Diego's Engineering Building Unit I (4:05 p.m.)-A 215,000 sf, $46 million project,
completed in March 1989. Program requirements and design solutions. Research and teaching labs.
Building systems and utilities. Best ideas for others. Lessons learned.
Hellmann
Hosted Wine Tasting Reception (4:30-6:00 p.m.)
Preprogram Recept
There will be a hosted dessert and
Hyatt on Union Square on Tuesda
Attendees may pre-register and pi
Photo by Timothy Hursley
Courtesy Harley Ellington Pierce Yee Associates, Inc.
this time.
&
RESEARCH FACILITIES
The Future of University Research
Survey of Recent Science Building Projects
Overall Building Concepts
Latest Findings on Lab Standards
Flexible Systems & Utilities
Special Planning for Grant-Funded Projects
Latest Project Design Solutions
Strategies for Saving Construction Dollars
Reports on Nationally Significant Projects
Capital Project Management Approaches
Costs and Budgets
with special reports from:
Baylor, University of California, Cornell, University of lowa, Stanford, Rutgers, Princeton,
University of Michigan, Indiana University, Colorado State and Rensselaer Polytechnic
Wednesday and Thursday, June 13-14, 1990
at the Grand Hyatt, San Francisco
— A Tradeline Program -
415/254-1744 (San Francisco)
Session Leaders
Henry Abernathy, AIA, Managing Principal, THE HILLIER GROUP
Victor A. Amoroso, P.E., Project Engineer, HANSEN LIND MEYER, INC.
Richard L. Anderson, FAIA, Principal, ANDERSON DeBARTOLO PAN, INC.
Malcolm Barksdale, AIA, Principal, RESEARCH FACILITIES DESIGN
Del Bishop, Senior Vice President, McCARTHY
John J. Carroll, Vice President, Construction, UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF CLEVELAND
Carter Chappell, Vice President Operations, Pacific Division, McCARTHY
Alan Chimacoff, AIA, Principal and Director of Design, THE HILLIER GROUP
Kenneth M. Clark, P.E., Project Manager, BURNS & McDONNELL
Jim Garretson, Vice President, PERKINS & WILL
Paul Griffen, Vice President, Facilities Planning & Construction, CORNELL UNIFERSITY
Dr. Stig Hagstrom, Department Chairman, Materials Science and Engineering, and Director,
Center for Materials Research, STANFORD UNIVERSITY
M. Boone Hellmann, AIA, Assistant Vice Chancellor, Office of Facilities Design &
Construction, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
Richard Henry, AIA, Partner, CUH2A
Alan Kaplan, Partner, HAINES LUNDBERG WAEHLER
Jan Keene, AIA, Partner-in-Charge, MITCHELL/GIURGOLA ARCHITECTS
Dennis M. King, AIA, Senior Vice President, Principal, HARLEY ELLINGTON PIERCE YEE
ASSOCIATES, INC.
Jerry Kinkade, AIA, Project Architect, HANSEN LIND MEYER, INC.
Martin J. Meisel, AIA, Principal-in-Charge, HANSEN LIND MEYER, INC.
Carl Muskat, Partner, HAINES LUNDBERG WAEHLER
John Nunemaker, AIA, Executive Vice President, PERKINS & WILL
JohnJ. Rehak, AIA, Project Architect, BURNS & McDONNELL
Richard R. Rietz, Ph.D., R&D facilities consultant and advisor
David N. Scoular, AIA, Director of Planning, BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
Gary L. Skog, AIA, Vice President, Principal, Director of Design, HARLEY ELLINGTON
PIERCE YEE ASSOCIATES, INC.
Steve Westfall, President, TRADELINE, INC., and Publisher, Facilities Planning News
William F. Wilson, AIA, Principal, PAYETTE ASSOCIATES
Firms practicing in the design and planning of university facilities that have assisted
in the organization and production of this program:
Anderson DeBartolo Pan, Inc.
Burns & McDonnell
Phoenix
Kansas City, Mo.
CUH2A
Haines Lundberg Waehler
Princeton
New York
Hansen Lind Meyer
Harley Ellington Pierce Yee
lowa City, lowa
Southfield, Mich.
The Hiller Group
McCarthy
Princeton
St. Louis
Mitchell/Giurgola Architects
Payette Associates
New York
Boston
Perkins & Will
Research Facilities Design
Chicago
San Diego
In cooperation with:
Hamilton Industries
Facilities Planning News
The conference fee is $740/attendee. Make checks payable to TRADELINE, INC.
TO REGISTER BY PHONE: Call Tradeline at 415/254-1744 (San Francisco) FAX: 415/254-2744
&
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Photo by Craig Baird
Courtesy Haines Lundberg Waehler
THURSDAY, JUNE 14, 1990 (7:30 a.m.-3:30 p.m.)
purtesy Harley Ellington Pierce Yee Associates, Inc.
Hosted Breakfast Meeting (7:30-8:30 a.m.)
Roundtable Discussions (8:45 a.m.)-Open discussions on topics of current interest. Siting deci-
sions. Programming data. HVAC. Lab modules. Renovation projects. Project management. Costs,
budgets and financial planning.
Capital Project Lessons from Cornell University (9:40 a.m.)-Major planning determinants
for research programs and facilities. Research labs. Teaching spaces. Specialized facilities. Capital proj-
ect management. Funding. Lessons from joint ventures with industry. Best ideas for others. Griffen
Six Project Case Reports of Notable University Facility Projects-Six concurrent case
reports on projects of national significance. What was built and why. The key programming issues and
facility standards that dictated building design. Special and unusual features. Amenities. Building
systems and utility schemes. Architectural systems. Where the money was spent. Budgets. What
worked and why. Ideas for the future.
(Reports #1 through #6 repeated concurrently at 10:30 a.m., 11:35 a.m. and 1:35 p.m.)
#1 University of Iowa's Medical Research Building-A 132,000 sf facility housing a vari-
ety of specialized medical research disciplines. Survey of program requirements. Lab module flex-
ibility. Daylighting for offices and labs. Provisions for reconfiguration of services. Common and
dining areas. Amenities.
Meisel/Kinkade/Amoroso
#2 The Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine-A joint-venture between
Rutgers and UMDNJ, founded to provide a focal point for industrial and academic biotechnology.
Special requirements for technical equipment. Interaction concepts. Provisions for natural light and
views. Amenities. Costs. Lessons.
Wilson
#3 The Chemistry Labs at University of Michigan and Indiana University-A com-
parison of flexibility, image, security, work environments and building systems for the 280,000 sf
addition/240,000 sf renovation program at University of Michigan, and the 85,000 sf addi-
tion/176,000 sf renovation program at Indiana University.
King/Skog
#4 Research Facilities at Rutgers University and Princeton University-Comparative
programming, design, budget and mechanical/electrical issues at Rutgers' Environmental &
Occupational Health Safety Institute and Princeton's Photonics and Opto-Electronics Mater-
ials Center.
Abernathy/Chimacoff
#5 The Center for Industrial Innovation at Rensselaer Polytechnic-This 200,000 sf
facility houses a high-bay laboratory for manufacturing technology experiments, an integrated cir-
cuit process facility, CAD space, and seminar and conference facilities. Lab modules. Service core
concept. Comparisons to other projects.
Keene
#6 Lab Buildings for Colorado State University and UCSD-Two new buildings re-
flecting different research programs: single-purpose and multi-disciplinary. Research and teaching
Courtesy Perkins & Will
labs. Open vs. dedicated labs. Flexibility. VAV and constant-volume HVAC systems. Costs and
critical ratios.
Barksdale
Hosted Luncheon (12:30-1:30 p.m.)
Where Did All the Money Go? (2:45 p.m.)-Survey of costs for university research buildings.
Costing models for new buildings, additions and renovations. Standards and trends. Examples of
ion: Tuesday Evening
successful cost-controlling decisions, and some that did the opposite. Where the money should
Irish Coffee reception at the Grand
have gone.
Anderson
June 12, from 8:30 to 9:30 p.m.
Adjourn 3:30 p.m.
up their conference materials at
Tradeline, Inc.
P.O. Box 1568
115 Orinda Way
Orinda, CA 94563
(415) 254-1744
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121584
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
MACKE, R.C.: THE JOINT STAFF
DATE OF EVENT: 08/06/91
LOCATION OF EVENT:
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
REQUEST TO ADDRESS THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL COMMAND,
CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER CONFERENCE
ATTENDEES AT THEIR LUNCHEON AT THE FORT MCNAIR
OFFICER'S CLUB.
RSVP:
06/17/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
for
NO
COPIES TO:
NATIONAL SECURITY
REMARKS:
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
05/24/91
DATE RECEIVED: 06/03/91
FILE: P- INVITATION-SPEECH
9121584
DEPARTMENT OF DETENSE
THE JOINT STAFF
WASHINGTON, D.C, RECEIVED
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
JUNE
91 MAY 3 A9:24
24 May 1991
Reply ZIP Code:
20318-6000
OFFICE OF THE
Honorable D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President for
Science and Technology
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20506
Dear Dr. Bromley:
The Eleventh Annual Command, Control, Communications and
Computer (C4) Conference will be held 5 and 6 August, at Baruch
Auditorium, Industrial College of the Armed Forces, Fort McNair,
Washington, D.C. The theme for this year's conference will be
"Changing World/Changing Requirements."
The conference brings together the C4 leadership from the
Services and unified and specified commands to discuss a wide
range of topics and issues pertaining to the entire spectrum of
C4. Given the extensive communications employed during
operations DESERT SHIELD/STORM, this year's conference promises
to be exciting.
It would be our great honor and pleasure if you could address
the conference attendees at our luncheon on 6 August at the Fort
McNair Officers' Club from 11:30 AM to 1:30 PM. Your insight
into the future of information management technology would be
extremely important as we prepare for the next century.
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely,
Dalade
R. C. MACKE
Vice Admiral, USN
Director for Command, Control,
Communications and Computer
Systems
"CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING"
TYPE:
INFORMATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121502
FROM:
NELSON, Frederick C.: TUFTS UNIVERSITY
TO:
DR. BROMLEY
DATE OF
CORRESPONDENCE: 05/20/91
SUBJECT: REGRET FOR ANY INCONVENIENCE THE CANCELLATION OF THE
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DINNER PLANNED FOR MAY 4 MAY
HAVE CAUSED.
ASSIGNED TO:
ACTION REQUIRED:
SENDER'S DUE DATE:
OSTP DUE DATE:
DATE COMPLETED:
COPIES TO: D. Allan Bromley
WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #:
CONTACT PERSON:
REMARKS:
DATE RECEIVED: 05/23/91
FILE: P INVITATION-SPEECH
9121502
SIGILLIN UNIVERSITATIS PAX ET LUX 1852 TUFTENSIS
RECEIVED
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
91 MAY 23 All /
College of Engineering
Office of the Dean
'OFFICE OF THE
DIRECTOR
May 20, 1991
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President
for Science & Technology
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Dr. Bromley:
Thank you for your willingness to address the Science &
Technology Dinner which Tufts University had planned for May 4
at the Plaza in New York. We considered your presence and
remarks to be the centerpieces of the entire event.
Thus, we were thoroughly disappointed when a number of
events conspired which forced Tufts to postpone the occasion.
Mr. and Mrs. Richardson, President Mayer, and I anticipate the
dinner to be rescheduled to a date six to eight months hence.
They join me in expressing regret for any inconvenience
which our cancellation might have caused. In addition, we all
ask your indulgence in hopes that once our plans for the
rescheduled event are firm, we can review them with you and
again invite your participation.
I extend best wishes to you and continued success in your
contributions to the country.
Sincerely yours,
JCNelm
Frederick C. Nelson
Dean of Engineering
/mp
CC: Mr. & Mrs. D. Kenneth Richardson
Medford, Massachusetts 02155
617 381-3237
SIGLEAM UNIVERSITATIS PAX ET LUX TUFTENSIS
Sent to you with the compliments of
Frederick C. Nelson
Dean of Engineering
Tufts University
Document Originally
Attached to
Following Page
TUFTS
WINTER 1991
ENGINEERING NEWS
Tufts welcomes high-tech at Sci-Tech
A
sustained commitment to
research and development is
needed to restore the nation's
RICHARDSON
economic strength, U.S. Energy
Secretary Adm. James D. Watkins
told 400 invitees at the dedication of
Tufts' Science and Technology
Center Nov. 3.
"Unless we better link basic
research activities to national goals,
we assuredly will not achieve one of
the most important of these-namely
economic competitiveness.
"The center you are dedicating
today at Tufts demonstrates your
commitment to these principles,"
Watkins said.
The $13.3 million, 89,000 square-
foot center on Tufts' Medford/
Somerville campus houses the
College of Engineering's Laboratory
for Materials and Interfaces and
Above: At the dedication, Dean Frederick
Electro-Optics Technology Center,
C. Nelson greeted honored guests
which have both framed research to
(from left) Constance Rogers Richardson,
meet the current and future needs of
D. Kenneth Richardson, Secretary James
D. Watkins and Sheila Watkins. In back
American business and industry.
is Anthony Cortese, Dean of Environ-
The new Science and Technology
mental Programs. Right: Main entrance
Center, founded in part by a $10
to the Science and Technology Center.
million grant from the Department
of Energy under the sponsorship of
The center contains more than
U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.),
$500,000 worth of energy-saving
is also a national model for retrofit-
features from a heat recovery system
ting commercial buildings to make
to a variable air volume handling
them energy conserving.
continued on p. 4
D. Sloan
Astill retires
Farewell to a man of many talents
WHAT'S INSIDE
P
eople in Winchester, Mass.,
An ability to make people laugh is
still remember Kenneth N.
one of the traits that has made Astill,
Astill as Paul Revere.
professor of mechanical engineering
Raytheon backs LMI
2
Actually, they remember him as a
at Tufts, one of the most endearing
Sci-Tech Center dedicated
4
statue of Revere. Astill once gamely
figures around the College of Engi-
EOTC thrives
6
covered himself in bronze makeup to
neering for the past 44 years.
play the statue, complete with
Robots help disabled
8
"He has a terrific sense of humor,"
pigeons on his head. Leaving the
said Allan M. Cormack, University
"Composing" a better bat
9
pedestal and the pigeons, he con-
Professor of Physics, who often shares
Remember knickers?
13
tinued as master of ceremonies in a
a morning cup of coffee with Astill
When engineering meets art
15
show sponsored by a volunteer
in Anderson Hall. "He's also very
organization.
continued on p. 14
ENGINEERING NEWS
THE NEW CAMPAIGN
Raytheon backs LMI with $250,000 equipment grant
L
ast fall, engineering managers
departments through the company's
from Raytheon Co. toured
active liaison chaired by
Tufts' new Science and Tech-
Elizabeth Benedict, J59, manager of
nology Center. They liked what they
saw. So much so that Raytheon
INSTRON
the automated test department in
Raytheon's Missile Systems Division.
recently awarded a $250,000 equip-
The liaison group meets regularly
ment grant to support the Labora-
with faculty and students to transfer
tory for Materials and Interfaces,
information about industry's needs
housed in the new center.
and open channels for recruitment.
"The aspect that very much
But this gift to the LMI represents
impressed me was Tufts' commit-
Raytheon's commitment to building
ment to developing interdisciplinary
stronger ties with Tufts researchers,
engineering study. We were very
according to Guild.
pleased to see that Tufts had made a
"In 1990, we decided to take a look
tangible academic and facility com-
at our efforts with Tufts and see if
mitment to that area," said Carl H.
there is a broader-based program we
Guild Jr., E65, program manager of the
could put into place. The LMI was
Hawk missile system in Raytheon's
seen as a particularly interesting
Missile Systems Division.
area," Guild said.
To insiders, it's no surprise that
The work being done at the LMI
Tufts University actively promotes
relates to component-level work in
interdisciplinary approaches to
semiconductors, of interest to
engineering teaching and research.
Sloan
Raytheon's Research Division, as
But to the engineering community
well as to research that concerns
at large, the opening of the Sci-Tech
several of the firm's operating
Center gives eloquent proof of that
Nakho Sung
divisions.
fact. The new facility's design is
As more funds become available,
expressly geared to prompt collabo-
the LMI will develop an undergrad-
rative projects-particularly in
tional philosophy," wrote Thomas L.
uate internship program to engage
materials-between the electrical
Phillips, retiring chairman and CEO
students in materials sciences
and chemical engineers and high-
of Raytheon, in a letter announcing
research and a seed fund to spur
energy and condensed-matter physi-
the grant.
more interdisciplinary faculty
cists who occupy it.
The five-year Raytheon grant will
research.
"We extend our best wishes as you
pay for new equipment for the LMI-
Currently, materials science and
dedicate this new facility with its
the College of Engineering's newest
engineering courses and research are
interdisciplinary approach, a hall-
center for technology-which focuses
scattered throughout the university,
mark of Tufts University's educa-
on materials science research. For
unconnected with a department or
his first purchase, Nakho Sung, direc-
core center. "We are planning to have
tor of the LMI and professor of chem-
the LMI fill this role," Sung said.
ical engineering, has his eye on an X-
ray photospectrometer (XPS) or
Diane R. Krieger
Auger/SIMMS/UHV system -
pieces of equipment that let engi-
neers analyze and monitor the
ENGINEERING NEWS
chemical composition of surfaces.
"These instruments are basic
Engineering News is a periodical report of the
Tufts University College of Engineering,
materials research tools, so I antici-
distributed to alumni, faculty and students of
pate many people would use them- -
the school.
both faculty and graduate students,"
Editor - Diane R. Krieger
Sung said.
Editorial Advisers - Rosemarie Van Camp,
Currently, LMI researchers who
Dean Frederick C. Nelson, Laurence Herron
Contributing Writers - Pamela Benson, Deborah
need surface analysis capabilities
Halber, Gail Bambrick, Jay Chrepta
must rely on equipment at other
Art Director - Suzanne Perry
institutions in the region for this
Design - Julie Steinhilber
part of their work.
Comments and suggestions are welcome and should
Raytheon has a long-standing rela-
be directed to Engineering News, Editor, Tufts
Carl H. Guild Jr., E65
University, 550 Boston Ave., Medford, Mass. 02155.
tionship with Tufts' engineering
2
ENGINEERING NEWS
Training an environmental work force
E
very day, the city of Shanghai,
neering were first offered in 1961,
"We are heartened by the donors'
China, discharges 95 percent of
and an undergraduate major and grad-
decision to endow a scholarship for
its untreated sewage directly
uate program were formalized in
students preparing for a career in the
into the Hangpu River-th main
1963. According to Hanes, Tufts-
environment," said Frederick C.
source of drinking water for the city's
educated environmental engineers
Nelson, dean of the engineering col-
12 million inhabitants. In Mexico
can be found today in important
lege. "The fund will strengthen the
City, 20 million people breathe air
policy-making roles: a few examples
college's ability both to attract the
that contains ozone levels exceeding
are two high-level U.S. Environmen-
best students and support their envi-
World Health Organization guidelines
tal Protection Agency officials in
ronmental study."
by more than 50 percent. Lettuce
charge of drinking water, several
In addition to undergraduate envi-
and apples grown in Poland contain
senior assistants to the Massachu-
ronmental programs, Tufts sponsors
10 times as much lead as WHO guide-
setts Secretary of Environment, the
numerous graduate programs stress-
lines allow for human ingestion.
CEO of a major hazardous materials
ing environmental issues, including
These are examples of how envi-
management consulting firm, a
one of only three master's degree pro-
ronmental conditions around the
trustee of Tufts University and the
grams in the nation focused on
world are threatening human health,
dean of Tufts' environmental
hazardous materials management.
if not human survival. Tufts Univer-
programs.
Last year, Tufts created the first eco-
sity devotes a good deal of attention
Today, of the approximately 100
deanship in America when it named
to environmental issues through its
undergraduate and 90 graduate stu-
Anthony Cortese, E68, G72, former
environmental programs in the Col-
dents in civil engineering at Tufts,
director of CEM, dean of Tufts' envi-
lege of Engineering and the Center
half specialize in environmental
ronmental programs.
for Environmental Management.
engineering. Many other students
Another distinguishing character-
An anonymous $150,000 pledge
choose double majors combining
istic of environmental programs at
from two Tufts engineering alumni
environmental engineering with
Tufts is their global emphasis. Last
recently strengthened the university's
another discipline or enter the envi-
fall, the university hosted an interna-
efforts in this area. Their support
ronmental health program within
tional conference on environmental
focuses on the most obvious need-
the civil engineering major.
education at its European Center in
the need for trained environmental
Students in environmental pro-
Talloires, France. The conference,
professionals. The funds will build
grams can also pursue their interests
which was endorsed by the EPA and
an endowment that will provide two
through CEM, an independent center
the United Nations Environment
yearly $3,500 undergraduate scholar-
that conducts multidisciplinary
Programme, was attended by 40
ships in environmental engineering.
research, organizes seminars and
university presidents from around
"This nation has never made a
analyzes policy relating to environ-
the world.
commitment to develop an effective
mental problems linked to toxic sub-
environmental work force. As we
stances and solid wastes.
Diane R. Krieger
look back over the past two decades,
we note many achievements in the
war on pollution; however, we also
Tufts welcomes new engineering overseer
note mistakes, failures and wasted
President Jean Mayer
resources," said N. Bruce Hanes, pro-
and Stig Host, G86P,
fessor of civil engineering at Tufts.
at the recent
"The lack of environmentally
Alexander Host
knowledgeable individuals in pol-
Foundation dinner
itical, regulatory, educational and
in New York. Host,
technical roles has resulted in
president of the
implementation of the expedient
foundation and a
rather than the most environmen-
strong supporter of
Tufts' environmen-
tally sound solutions to many of our
tal programs, has
problems. Precious resources will be
joined the College
squandered over the next two decades
of Engineering's
unless a concerted effort is made to
Board of Overseers.
develop an environmentally sound
work force," Hanes said.
Tufts has been in the business of
training such an environmental work
force for nearly 30 years. Undergrad-
uate courses in environmental engi-
ENGINEERING NEWS
3
THE NEW CAMPAIGN
High-tech at Sci-Tech
continued from p. 1
system controlled by electronic
sensors throughout the building.
"Lab buildings are energy hogs,
and we wanted to test energy con-
servation measures that would save
energy in the long run," said Robert P.
Guertin, dean of Tufts' Graduate
School of Arts and Sciences and
chief planner for the project.
Both the research and teaching at
Tufts' Science and Technology
Center will be critical for the
nation's economic recovery and
global competitiveness, Markey said
at the dedication.
Markey focused on Tufts' Electro-
Optics Technology Center, winner of
the U.S. Department of Energy
Innovation Award in 1987 for its
development of electrochromic
windows.
"Tufts is in the international fore-
An EOTC graduate student demon-
front in developing smart windows,
strates the floating bench for laser experi-
which know when to be clear and
ments to children from neighboring
when to be shaded. Smart windows
Lincoln Junior High/Kennedy Elemen-
will be able to reduce heating, cool-
tary School during a walk-through of
ing and lighting requirements by
the center.
one-fourth or more," Markey said.
"This work, which has already
Guests watched the dedication ceremony
moved into Sci-Tech, holds tremen-
from the walkway that bisects the cen-
dous promise to improve our nation's
ter's dramatic entrance atrium.
energy, economy, environment and
trade balance."
Markey said that because energy
President Mayer shows Terry Haas, pro-
losses and gains through windows
fessor of chemistry, his newly repaired
glasses. The branches broke during the
account for 5 percent of the total U.S.
dedication and were fixed on the spot
energy consumption, and electric
courtesy of the Sci-Tech Center's new
lighting for an additional 5 percent,
machine shop.
the savings and impact from this
technology could be tremendous.
"Energy Secretary Watkins has
School children from the Lincoln/Kennedy
promised the nation a reinvigoration
According to Tufts President Jean
School sit behind the wheel of Tufts'
of energy efficiency R&D, and let me
solar car during an open house held the
Mayer, the center is the fulfillment
day before the dedication, while Tufts
say to Secretary Watkins right here
of his vision of ongoing interdisci-
engineering overseer Jordan Birger, E43,
and now that high quality research
plinary research in the sciences.
looks on.
into electrochromic windows merits
"We believe the work that will
a prominent place within your
happen at this center will have pro-
efforts," Markey said.
found implications for the country
Other dedication speakers were
as it educates its next generation of
D. Kenneth Richardson, E52, presi-
scientists and pursues those research
dent and chief operating officer of
avenues that will keep it a competi-
Hughes Aircraft Co., and his wife
tive force in the global marketplace,"
Constance Rogers Richardson, J52,
Mayer said.
who established the Richardson
Conference Center in the facility.
Gail Bambrick
Photography by J. D. Sloan
4
ENGINEERING NEWS
U.S. Rep. Edward
J. Markey
Secretary James D. Watkins and Sheila
Watkins with Robert Guertin, dean of
the Graduate School of Arts and Sci-
ences, and engineering dean Frederick
C. Nelson.
Constance Rogers Richardson addresses
the assembled guests at the dedication,
while her husband, D. Kenneth
Richardson, stands by.
4
ENGINEERING NEWS
5
THE NEW CAMPAIGN
EOTC corporate affiliates program thrives
Looking toward the future, this year
14 major high-tech companies are
supporting cutting-edge research and
educational programs at Tufts'
Electro-Optics Technology Center.
"Electro-optics is the future of
information transfer and will have a
major impact on the high-tech indus-
try by the year 2000," said Robert
Gonsalves, professor of electrical
engineering and director of the
EOTC. "It's important for companies
to think about what will be happen-
ing 10 to 15 years down the road."
Corporate affiliates provide funds
and equipment to help the center
maintain its unique laboratory cur-
riculum. In return, members receive
benefits such as regular consulta-
tions with EOTC faculty and staff,
copies of research reports, access to
students for possible employment
© Seth Resnick
and the opportunity to nominate a
professional for a visiting industry
Robert Gonsalves, director of EOTC, with a group of students.
professorship. Many of the EOTC's
students are also employees of cor-
junction with Mark Cronin-Golomb,
center include GTE Laboratories of
porate affiliates.
associate professor of electrical engi-
Waltham, Mass.; Newport Research
Raytheon Co. of Lexington, Mass.,
neering at Tufts. Cronin-Golomb's
Corp. of Fountain Valley, Calif.;
has 12 employees enrolled in courses
research also is supported by a grant
Research Systems of Boulder, Colo.;
at the EOTC. This is the third year
from Litton/Itek Optical Systems of
and Digital Equipment Corp. of
that Raytheon has been a corporate
Lexington, Mass.
Maynard, Mass.
affiliate.
Also sponsoring research at the
Last September, the EOTC moved
Pilkington of Lancashire, England,
center is Radiation Science of
from Halligan Hall to Tufts' new
has renewed its corporate affiliate
Newton, Mass. The company is sup-
Science and Technology Center.
membership with Tufts. Pilkington
porting EOTC work to improve CAT-
During the same weekend that dedi-
is the largest glass company in the
scan technology.
cation ceremonies were held for the
world and has a special interest in
Draper Labs of Cambridge, Mass.,
building (Nov. 3-4), the EOTC hosted
the EOTC's research on Smart
is supporting the center for the
its first workshop in the new center.
Glassᵀ technology.
second year and has awarded a fel-
The Workshop on Lasers and Elec-
AT&T Network Systems of North
lowship to an EOTC graduate
tronics for engineering faculty was
Andover, Mass., also has pledged its
student covering tuition and a one-
jointly sponsored by Tufts and the
support as a corporate affiliate. The
year stipend.
Laser Institute of America. Part of
company is working with researchers
Ebara Research Co. of Japan is
the International Congress on the
at the center to improve fiber-optic
entering its second year as a member
Applications of Lasers and Electro-
links used in telephone lines.
of the corporate affiliates program.
Optics (ICALEO), held in Boston the
A new corporate affiliate, Textron
The company is interested in the
first week of November, the work-
Inc. of Wilmington, Del., has pledged
center's work on Smart Glass.ᵀᵐ
shop gave faculty from 25 colleges
its support for EOTC. Textron is
For the fourth year, Hughes Aircraft
and universities up-to-date informa-
interested in the EOTC's work on the
Co. of Los Angeles is supporting
tion and experimental skills for use
"smart sensor"-an electro-optical
the center. Hughes is also doing col-
in lab courses.
device that simulates how the eye
laborative research with faculty at
Topics covered in the two-day work-
tracks an object.
the EOTC.
shop included Fourier optics, thin
Sanders Associates of Nashua,
Apollo/Hewlett Packard of Billerica,
films, nonlinear optics, computer-
N.H., renewed its corporate affiliate
Mass., is supporting the EOTC's labs
generated holograms and lasers.
contract for the sixth year. Sanders
with computer work stations valued
employees are working at the center
at $100,000. Other corporate affil-
Pamela Benson
on non-linear optic research in con-
iates supplying equipment to the
6
ENGINEERING NEWS
At 75, Brooks still sways science policy
D
uring the last 40 years per-
joining forming- the right
Technology for Development, and he
haps the most dynamic in the
committee.
only recently stepped down as chair-
history of Harvey
He has exhibited this talent for 40
man of the U.S. Committee for the
Brooks has been an observer and key
years. In the 1950s, Brooks chaired
International Institute for Applied
player in the emerging field of science
the Undersea Warfare Committee of
Systems Analysis. In several com-
public policy. He has witnessed
the National Research Council and
mittees of the National Academy of
everything from the spread of nuclear
sat on the Advisory Committee on
Engineering, he is studying the role
power plants in the '60s to the spread
Reactor Safeguards with the U.S.
of technology in U.S. economic com-
of recycling plants in the '90s.
Atomic Energy Commission. During
petitiveness, and, through a research
But encouraging as the environ-
the Eisenhower, Kennedy and
program at the Kennedy School, he
mental movement is, Brooks sees a
Johnson administrations, he served
is studying U.S. management of
future fraught with challenges for
on the President's Science Advisory
technologies that have both military
science policymakers.
Committee. In the 1960s, he was a
and civilian applications - so called
"The big issues in the future will
member of the National Science
dual-use technologies.
certainly be the management of
Board and chaired the Committee on
"We're interested in the question of
global environmental problems:
Science and Public Policy of the
what leadership the government
How can you manage the environ-
National Academy of Sciences. In
should take in supporting and foster-
ment in a way that doesn't destroy
the 1970s, he chaired the Commis-
ing civilian technologies of value to
economic growth?
sion on Sociotechnical Systems of
business and industry," Brooks said.
"We also have to face a future
the National Research Council and
As a Tufts trustee from 1981 to
world with 10 billion people in it.
served on the Joint U.S.-U.S.S.R.
1987, Brooks was a strong advocate
(Global population is now 5.2 bil-
Commission on Scientific and Tech-
of President Jean Mayer's program to
lion.) There's a growing gap between
nological Cooperation.
create engineering centers of excel-
the affluent countries, whose popu-
Though he is now officially retired,
lence as a way to strengthen existing
lations are growing slowly or remain
Brooks continues to teach and
engineering programs and promote
static, and the poor countries, whose
remains a force in the science and
expansion into new areas.
populations are exploding," Brooks
public policy arena. Currently, he is
"Dr. Brooks has been a particularly
said. "Whether the world can survive
a member of the United Nations
effective trustee in support of faculty
this problem is the big question.
Advisory Committee on Science and
because of his own background as an
Nobody believes we can close the
academic with Harvard University,"
gap just by transferring the present
said Joseph Lambert, Tufts' overseer
technologies of the industrial world
and secretary of the corporation.
to the Third World. Even if that were
Brooks was vice chairman of Tufts'
possible, the environment couldn't
academic affairs committee while he
stand it."
served as a trustee, and also chaired
On Oct. 27, Harvard University
the Engineering Visiting Committee,
held a symposium to mark Brooks'
the precursor to Tufts' Board of Over-
75th birthday. Though Brooks' scien-
seers for Engineering, which he now
tific work has focused on solid state
chairs.
physics, nuclear engineering and
"We congratulate Harvey Brooks
underwater acoustics, he is best
on his 75th birthday," said Frederick
known for his work on domestic and
C. Nelson, dean of Tufts' College of
international policy in energy and
Engineering. "He brings to the role of
the environment and the support of
chairman of the Board of Overseers
research and technology.
for Engineering his extraordinarily
Brooks, emeritus professor at
international perspective on science
Harvard's Kennedy School of Govern-
and technology. He has a special con-
ment and the Division of Applied
cern not just for the nuts-and-bolts
Sciences, is a Tufts trustee emeritus
of technology, but for technology's
and chairman of the university's
effects on society and the policy
Board of Overseers for Engineering.
issues that emanate from it. He has
At the symposium, Brooks' col-
had a broadening influence on the
leagues fondly described him as the
kinds of questions and issues on
scholar who, having come to a sound
which the overseers advise me."
opinion on a public policy issue,
knows how to bring about change by
Harvey Brooks
Diane R. Krieger
ENGINEERING NEWS
7
RESEARCH
Robots will help disabled perform common tasks
A
design breakthrough by a Tufts
engineer has brought the per-
sonal-care robot- a mechani-
cal, table-top arm that could be used
by disabled people for tasks such as
brushing hair-one step closer to
reality.
William Crochetiere, professor of
engineering design, has come up with
a concept that represents a significant
improvement in the control of a robot
by a disabled user.
The way robot arms are currently
manipulated, he said, can be com-
pared with trying to draw a circle on
an Etch-A-Sketch. It's difficult to
create an arc with controls that move
a device straight up and down and
back and forth.
Changing the function of a dial so
that it controls motion along an arc is
the principle behind Crochetiere's
approach to controlling the robot.
Unlike the two dials on an Etch-A-
Sketch, a robot arm requires the
equivalent of six dials to locate the
robot hand and point it in the right
direction. Controlling these six dials
simultaneously is very difficult, but
Crochetiere's proposed scenario
would require the disabled user to
manipulate the equivalent of only
two dials at a time.
Task-related motions of the arm
could include moving a comb toward
the head and sweeping it through the
hair and other everyday activities that
would increase the independence of
disabled users.
Determining the relationship
between a given motion, such as
Mark Morelli
following the curvature of the head,
and the corresponding robot joint
William Crochetiere fine-tunes a robot arm.
motions involves very complex
geometry. Crochetiere reported his
her head. Using "sweep mode," the
the task.
findings at the 13th annual meeting of
arm runs a comb or brush through
"It is also necessary to be able to
the Rehabilitation Engineering
the user's hair. The sequence could be
control the force exerted by the arm,"
Society of North America, held in
repeated on another swatch of hair.
Crochetiere said, which is his next
Washington, D.C., where his work
A model representing Crochetiere's
project. And although robot arms are
was recognized as among the three
idea in three dimensions looks like
based on the look and function of
best presentations in rehabilita-
three moveable joints (similar to the
the human arm, Crochetiere said,
tion robotics.
shoulder, elbow and wrist of a human
"assistive machinery of the future for
His formula involves breaking the
arm) protruding from a sphere repre-
the disabled or industry might not
grooming task down into several
senting the human head. This anchor-
look human at all and serve its
steps. First, the user has the robot arm
ing of the arm constrains the pos-
purpose better."
reach toward an implement and grasp
sible range of movement, simplifying
it. She then has the arm approach
the computations needed to perform
Deborah Halber
8
ENGINEERING NEWS
Shushing a jumbo
jet's whoosh
DELTA
S
omething as simple as placing
little triangular tabs on the
Robert Collier
inside of a nozzle may make it
(right) and grad-
possible for jumbo jets to operate
uate student Paul
more quietly and for combustion to
Dresens grip test
take place more efficiently, a Tufts
models of the
engineer has found.
new Baum bat.
Chris Rogers, assistant professor
of mechanical engineering, is using
lasers, water tunnels and a super-
sonic wind tunnel at aircraft manu-
facturer McDonnell Douglas' plant
Mark Morelli
to analyze the way a jet of air or
water emerges from a nozzle.
He has discovered that if a little
Engineers take a swing at bat
triangular tab, called a delta wing, is
M
embers of Tufts' baseball
placed inside the nozzle at a certain
bats were introduced, three out of
team were recently enlisted
four bats sold are aluminum. But
angle, the resulting jet flow mixes
faster and is quieter. The method
by the mechanical engi-
aluminum is very different from
neering department to test bats
hardwood, so the search is on to find
works especially well for extremely
fast jet streams, such as those in air-
made of a patent-pending new wood
a composite that performs like the
composite.
plane exhaust pipes, Rogers said. His
real thing.
Field research on the composite's
work may make it possible for air-
On an unseasonably warm after-
performance has compared it to that
craft manufacturers to retrofit
noon this winter, Collier set up
of standard hardwood and aluminum
planes inexpensively and substan-
an experiment on a Tufts baseball
bats. In preliminary tests, the per-
diamond. Team members hit balls
tially reduce the amount of noise
formance of the composite bat com-
created during take off and landing.
pitched at 75 mph from a pitching
pares favorably to that of aluminum
Because his work also analyzes the
machine with the new Baum bat,
bats with more hits and greater
amount of air that mixes with sub-
aluminum bats and professional
distances.
stances such as fuel in a fuel-injec-
hardwood bats. Then the players
The bat, the invention of Michigan
tion system, it also has implications
were asked to evaluate the way the
entrepreneur Steve Baum, is made of
bats felt and how the ball flew off
for improving fuel efficiency.
a high-tech wood composite similar
"Depending on where you place
the sweet spot, the best place to hit
to materials used for aerospace appli-
the ball.
(the delta wings), you can change the
cations.
amount of mixing (of air and fuel, for
The reviews by the players and
The stiffness, strength and vibra-
example) that is taking place and vary
coach were positive. The ball "ex-
the noise generated," Rogers said.
tion characteristics of different types
plodes" off the bat with greater veloc-
of bats are being tested in Tufts'
The laboratory where Rogers does
ity, the coach said of the Baum bat.
laboratories. In field tests, research-
his work is outfitted with a huge tank
The nice, sharp crack of a hard-
ers are measuring the bat's acoustics
through which a dyed jet of water is
wood bat is important to people who
- the quality of the sound the bat
sprayed. A laser is used to make the
play and watch baseball, Collier said,
makes when it comes in contact
dyes fluorescent. This allows re-
and is quite different from the high-
with the ball. Acoustics is the spe-
searchers to see the jet and measure
pitched, ringing sound of an alumi-
cialty of Robert Collier, professor of
its velocity.
num bat. Frequency analysis shows
mechanical engineering, who is
When placed inside a nozzle at a
that the new wood composite bat
leading the project with graduate
certain angle, the delta tabs create a
has the same "signature" as hard-
students Paul Dresens and Michael
wood.
small vortex or whirlpool behind the
Kratochwill, who play on Tufts'
"If an aluminum bat can be
tab. By changing the angle, the vor-
baseball team.
tex can be made stronger. Rogers'
certified, it seems that this wood
Hardwood bats have changed since
current research focuses on where to
composite would meet the criteria
the days of Babe Ruth, who is said to
place the tabs inside the nozzle, be-
set by players and baseball organi-
have swung a much heavier bat, 50
cause even a slight difference in
zations. Our research is helping
ounces, compared to today's 31- to
angle can make a large difference in
provide the data needed to support
36-ounce bats. Professional players
sound and mixing.
such decisions and lead to improved
go through almost 100 hardwood
bats," Collier said.
bats a year because of breakage. And
Deborah Halber
15 years after unbreakable aluminum
Deborah Halber
ENGINEERING NEWS
9
STUDENTS
Seven Tufts students win Draper Fellowships
M
arking the third year in a
elements in the same way that they
David Coppeta, E90, is studying
growing association between
design computer chips. "In the future,
how optical processing systems can
The Charles Stark Draper
binary optics will make optical sys-
be applied to pattern recognition and
Laboratory and Tufts' College of
tems more compact, more feasible,
tracking tasks.
Engineering, the laboratory has
and will enhance system perfor-
Scott Reitsma, E86, G90, is a
awarded Draper Fellowships to seven
mance," Kazlas said.
doctoral student working in compu-
Tufts engineering graduate students.
Nicholas Katis, a Draper Fellow
tational fluid dynamics. As a Draper
The students are David Coppeta,
for the second year, is developing an
Fellow, he is searching for a time-
Peter Kazlas, Arthur Zemke, Stuart
automated fabrication process for
accurate solution of the Navier-
David, Anne Marie Biernacki,
optical couplers-devices that allow
Stokes equation for nearly incom-
Nicholas Katis and Scott Reitsma.
the coherent splitting and combining
pressible laminar flows. Several
As Draper Fellows, students receive
of light in optical fibers. Couplers
methods already exist to solve this
approximately $20,000-the cost of
play a critical role in fiber-optic
problem in steady-state flows, but
a year's tuition and a stipend equal to
sensors, instrumentation and com-
few can accommodate variation in
Tufts' own research assistantships. In
munications systems. Katis plans to
time. By developing a time-accurate
exchange, students work on projects
study couplers' applications in bio-
solution, Reitsma hopes to obtain
of interest to Draper Laboratory.
medical sciences.
complex acoustic information.
"What we're looking for is the inno-
Anne Marie Biernacki, G90, a
"Charles Stark Draper, our founder,
vation and energy that comes with
doctoral student in electrical engi-
felt that hands-on engineering work
student involvement in the lab," said
neering, is also a Draper Fellow for
was an essential part of an engineer-
John Sweeney, Draper Laboratory's
the second year. She is working on a
ing education," Sweeney said. Draper
director of education. "Tufts has
hybrid digital/coherent optical pro-
Laboratory employs roughly 200 stu-
proved to be a valuable source of
cessing system that lets scientists
dents, including undergraduates in
talented engineers."
measure an object's phase. Measure-
co-op programs, from four institu-
Students also benefit. As Draper
ment of the phase, which contains
tions: MIT, Boston University, North-
Fellows, they get a chance to work on
important information about thick-
eastern University and Tufts. Accord-
their projects in a non-academic
ness, index of refraction and time or
ing to Sweeney, many of these students
setting.
motion changes, is currently lost in
end up coming to work for Draper
Peter Kazlas, E90, is investigating
the imaging process. "I am using
Laboratory after they graduate.
the advantages and limits of binary-
devices that exploit the real-time
Draper Laboratory, once a unit of
optics technology, with specific appli-
holographic capabilities of electro-
MIT, has been an independent non-
cation to automatic target recog-
optic crystals to solve a problem that
profit research and development
nition systems. Binary optics uses
previously was regarded as a com-
institute since 1973.
VLSI fabrication processes, allowing
puter-simulation problem,"
researchers to design custom optical
Biernacki said.
Diane R. Krieger
Draper Lab
Tufts' Draper Fellows, from left, David Coppeta, E90, Peter Kazlas, E90, Arthur Zemke, Stuart David, Anne Marie Biernacki,
G90, Nicholas Katis and Scott Reitsma, E86, G90.
10
ENGINEERING NEWS
Anna Jensen, E92, and Rob Becker, E91,
watch as teaching assistant Suresh Babu
adds another weight to their bridge's
load. The team's diamond-shaped entry
tied for first place in the aesthetics
category and won third place in both of
the other categories.
Student contest bridges gap
Patrick Johnson, E92, steadies his team's
bridge while Masoud Sanayei, assistant
professor of civil engineering, carefully
between theory and practice
attaches the steel-weight anchor device.
W
orking in pairs, 42 civil
the magic of civil engineering: If you
engineering students de-
put these balsa wood pieces together
signed and built struc-
side-by-side, they might not even
turally sound, miniature balsa wood
support 10 pounds in compression,
bridges as their final projects for a
but with good planning and careful
structural analysis course. In a con-
analysis, they can carry much more."
test on Dec. 3, the 21 bridges were
The first prize in the maximum
tested and judged in three categories:
capacity category went to Chris
maximum bridge capacity, maximum
D'Annunzio, A91, (an art history
efficiency (bridge weight/capacity
major), and Jon McFarland, E91,
ratio) and aesthetics.
whose 1.2 ounce triangle-shaped
"I gave them 20 feet of balsa wood,
bridge sustained a 121-pound load.
40 inches of steel wire, four 1/2-inch-
The team also took second place in
square aluminum plates and some
the bridge weight/capacity ratio
wood glue. Then I asked them to build
category.
the best bridge they could," said Masoud
"The problem was finding a way to
Sanayei, assistant professor of civil
strengthen the balsa, which is very
engineering, who teaches the course.
soft. We solved this by making I-beams
"In a way, this resembles actual prac-
from the wood," D'Annunzio said.
tice, because no matter what you
"Then, because the bottom part of the
build, you always have limited time,
bridge was under the most tension,
limited material, limited money and
we decided to build it entirely from
limited knowledge."
wire. This kept the diagonal members
Chris D'Annunzio, A91, and Jon
Typically, the model bridges were
of the triangle from pushing out."
McFarland, E91, hold up in triumph
about 15 inches long, five to seven
their now-shattered winning entry.
Robert Kefalas, E92, and Christopher
inches high and two to five inches
Price, E92, won first place in the
wide. To test their strength, Sanayei
weight/capacity ratio category, and
suspended steel weights from each
they finished second in the maxi-
bridge, adding to the total load until
mum capacity category. Four teams
the bridge would collapse.
were tied for first place in the
"These bridges can carry some-
aesthetics category.
Photography by J. D. Sloan
thing in the order of 1,600 times
their weight," Sanayei said. "That is
Diane R. Krieger
ENGINEERING NEWS
11
STUDENTS
ALUMNI
Cultivating cells on polyester
Mark your
calendar
Save the date! The departments of
the College of Engineering are host-
ing reunions for their alumni this
spring. All alumni will receive invi-
tations and detailed programs in the
mail. Mark your calendar and plan
to attend.
Electrical Engineering
Sat., March 23
For information, call (617) 381-3217.
Chemical Engineering
Sat., April 6
Mark Morelli
For information, call (617) 381-3900.
Civil Engineering
Sat., April 13
Daniel Baker with a prototype of the bioreactor in which he grows cells that cling
For information, call (617) 381-3211.
to polyester fabric fibers.
Mechanical Engineering
S any backyard gardener can
to cling to, and growth improves
Fri., April 26
A
tell you, it takes a mighty
proportionately.
For information, call (617) 381-3239.
long time to grow ivy on a
In the lab, Baker's procedure
stone wall -decades and then some.
involves suspending many small
To the people in the pharmaceu-
discs of polyester fabric in a solution
tical industry, cultivating cells for
of cell-nurturing liquid. The solu-
vaccines is, in some respects, similar
tion is contained in a bioreactor
Job fair offered
to waiting for ivy to grow. It doesn't
system that provides food, removes
to Tufts alumni
take decades to do, but the process
wastes, recirculates the solution and
that produces a liter of usable cell
monitors acidity, oxygen content
culture requires a bioreactor system
and temperature.
Do you have job openings that you
would like to fill with Tufts
as large as a refrigerator. The larger
In a paper presented at the annual
meeting of the American Chemical
alums? Are you considering
the bioreactor, the more cells it
Society in Washington, D.C., Baker
changing jobs or careers in the
produces.
near future?
Daniel J. Baker, a master's degree
said his process produced 2 to 10
student in chemical engineering at
times as many cells (more than 10
On May 2, 1991, Tufts, with
Tufts, is developing a method of
million cells per cubic centimeter of
seven other area colleges, will
growing more cells in a smaller
culture) as conventional processes
host a job fair for alumni with at
space - in a bioreactor system the
that do not use polyester.
least one year of work experience.
size of a large breadbox-that could
In recent lab trials, Baker has
The fair will be held from 5 to 8
signal less expensive vaccines for
increased the yield to 23 million
p.m. at the Hynes Convention
hepatitis, measles and polio.
cells per cubic centimeter, and he
Center in Boston and is open only
sees the potential in future trials to
to alumni from the eight schools.
Baker's secret is using non-woven
increase the capacity of the system
In addition to meeting corporate
polyester fabric (the same material
representatives from all over the
that lines disposable diapers) as an
even more.
Northeast, there will be seminars
attachment surface for the cells.
Baker, originally from Allentown,
Because the substance is made up of
Pa., is working with Ana C. Lages,
on topics such as resume writing
a lattice work of thousands of tiny
research associate at Tufts' Biotech-
and interviewing skills.
fibers per square inch of fabric, there
nology Engineering Center, and
Call the Tufts Alumni Office at
is an immense surface area on which
Martin V. Sussman, professor of
(617) 381-3577 inside Massachu-
cells can grow.
chemical engineering, who discov-
setts, or 1-800-THE ALUM from
Going back to the ivy-on-the-
ered the use of polyester non-woven
outside Massachusetts for more
brick-wall analogy, Baker compares
fabrics as support matrices for
information.
the procedure to a gardener erecting
human cell culture while at the
a trellis next to a brick wall. The
Weizman Institute of Science in
climbing plants now have a surface
Rehovot, Israel.
Jay Chrepta
12
ENGINEERING NEWS
Stone & Webster names
Remember knickers?
Tufts alum president of
environmental division
A
lot more than the
may take classes in optical elec-
preferred pant length has
tronics and laser systems, but
changed at Tufts between
engineering students of the '20s
the time these two photos were
like Mitchell and McCaul took
taken in front of East Hall.
courses on such hot topics as
For one, when Donald Mitchell,
steam and railroad engineering,
E30, Paul Giblin, A30, and Edward
refrigeration and telephone and
McCaul, E30, mugged the camera
telegraph systems.
as Tufts undergraduates in 1930,
Time has marched well over half
East Hall was not a classroom and
a century between the first photo
office building but their dormi-
and the second, taken last year at
tory, and the price per room for
the Class of 1930's 60th reunion,
the academic year ranged from
but one thing has remained con-
$35 to $70.
stant through the decades: the
Joseph L. Petrillo, E68, G70
There was a reservoir and a golf
friendship of these three men.
course on campus, and all the Col-
"We've all kept in touch over the
lege of Engineering classrooms
years and enjoy each other's com-
Joseph L. Petrillo, E68, G70, has been
and offices were in the Bromfield-
pany now as we did then," McCaul
named president of Stone & Webster
Pearson building (currently home
said.
Environmental Services, a division
to the math department).
of the Boston-based Stone & Webster
Engineering students in 1991
Pamela Benson
Engineering Corp. that employs
more than 1,500 technical and
engineering experts in environ-
1930
1990
mental services.
Petrillo, who joined Stone &
Webster in 1968, specializes in envi-
TUFTS
ronmental issues as they relate to
East Hall
conventional and advanced energy
technologies; refineries, petro-
chemical and chemical complexes;
pulp and paper mills; and municipal
water and wastewater treatment
facilities. Since coming to the firm,
he has directed environmental resto-
ration programs at U.S. Department
of Energy and Department of Defense
facilities and served as an environmen-
tal consultant to Stone & Webster's
clients in Canada, Mexico, the United
Kingdom, Italy, New Zealand, Egypt,
Pakistan, Taiwan and the People's
Republic of China.
Stone & Webster provides environ-
mental services to federal, state and
municipal agencies, electric and gas
utilities and industrial and manufac-
turing companies. The company's
current projects include the Boston
Roommates Donald Mitchell, E30, Paul Giblin, A30, and Edward McCaul, E30,
Harbor cleanup, New York City's
pose before East Hall as students in 1930 and, again, as alumni during their 60th
reunion in 1990.
sludge management program, the
Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company's
projects to bring new natural gas sup-
plies to the Northeast and various
hazardous waste management
projects across the nation.
ENGINEERING NEWS
13
FACULTY
Astill retires after 44 years at Tufts
continued from p. 1
realistic-he tends to see things in
ing education became much more
sensible proportion."
science-oriented. More recently, the
Astill, 67, who was associate dean
trend is toward a heavier emphasis on
of the college from 1980 to 1990,
design. Astill put it this way:
retired in December. He has contrib-
"Through these changes in engineer-
uted his human touch to the engi-
ing education, I have seen Tufts
neering college for almost as long as
evolve into the sort of institution I
anyone there can remember. Astill
always hoped it would become,
said he often thought he would have
thanks greatly to the leadership
liked to be a newspaper reporter or
of President Jean Mayer and Fred
an actor. In high school, he wrote
Nelson. The College of Engineering
numerous stories and was editor of
has a well-balanced curriculum, able
the yearbook. Influenced by a profes-
students at the undergraduate and
sor of journalism in college, he wrote
graduate levels, a faculty with
frequently for local newspapers. He
healthy research interests and an
recalls a profile of the college janitor
international reputation."
he once wrote, and how appreciative
One of Astill's students went on to
the man was when it was published
become Tufts' dean of engineering.
in the local paper.
Ironically, when Nelson was ready to
His thespian abilities surfaced
got him involved in community
Mark Morelli
graduate from Tufts in 1954, he hadn't
when, about 30 years ago, a friend
really considered graduate work in
engineering. Astill gently prodded
theater in Winchester, where he
him toward graduate education, for
lives. Astill made a name for himself
Kenneth N. Astill
which Nelson is still grateful. "In
locally doing character roles such as
tion. He believes that one of his
retrospect, it was one of the best deci-
the cemetery lot salesman in "Send
most important contributions to
sions I made," he said. "I'm not sure I
Me No Flowers" and Teddy in "Arsenic
education at Tufts was the devel-
was alone in the category of students
and Old Lace." Eventually, the exten-
opment of the exchange program
that Ken gently pushed in that direc-
sion of his activities to other local
between Tufts and the University of
tion. It's a measure of what Tufts
drama groups and dinner theater in
Sussex in England that has benefited
used to be and I hope still is - a place
Boston became too time-consuming.
dozens of students since Astill
where the interaction between stu-
Instead of pursuing a career in
helped create it in 1971.
dents and faculty results in people
journalism or theater, Astill brought
He also helped focus attention on
changing the direction of their lives."
his personable outlook to engineer-
a fluid mechanics phenomenon called
Astill sees his retirement as an
ing at Tufts.
Taylor vortex flow, which occurs
opportunity to make way for his
His foray into engineering was
between two concentric cylinders.
younger colleagues, whose energy
almost accidental. He and a friend
Astill co-organized the first meeting
and creativity he admires. His famil-
who lived next door in Westerly, R.I.,
on the subject at the University of
iar figure will be visible in Anderson
decided to give the field a try at the
Leeds in England in 1979, attended
Hall for some time to come, because
University of Rhode Island. Astill
by about 20 reseachers. Subsequent
he is running a mechanical engineer-
stuck with it, and after a brief stint
gatherings mushroomed into inter-
ing laboratory course with Vincent
in automotive engineering, his career
national conferences with 70 to 80
Miraglia, laboratory coordinator for
has centered mostly around Tufts.
participants.
Bray Laboratory. As for the rest of his
The College of Engineering in the
Astill has taught several genera-
time, he intends to see friends ("The
post-World War II days when Astill
tions of mechanical engineering
people I know here and friends in
arrived attracted mostly commuter
students everything from fluid
Winchester are very important to
students who received an intensely
mechanics, the focus of his graduate
me," he says), play golf and tennis
practical education. There were no
work at Harvard and MIT, to numeri-
(once his recently broken right wrist
graduate students and little research,
cal methods, which in the early '60s
is fully mended) and relax at his
but Astill was one of the few to
offered students their first and often
vacation home in the scenic corner
become an important researcher, said
only opportunity to work with a dig-
of Rhode Island where he grew up.
Frederick C. Nelson, dean of the
ital computer. The university's first
Retirement will provide a chance
College of Engineering and a long-
computer occupied an entire class-
for Astill to change focus from the
time friend and colleague of Astill's.
room in Anderson Hall and was
technical to the personal. It will
Astill saw-and helped-the col-
primitive by today's standards and
probably be an easy transition.
lege grow into an internationally
much more difficult to program.
recognized and respected institu-
In the late '50s and '60s, engineer-
Deborah Halber
14
ENGINEERING NEWS
Is it art or science
or both?
RECYCLING VESSEL
BIOLUMINESCENCE
FEEDING VESSEL
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
BASE
ACID
ARTIFICIAL LIFE
PUMP
PUMP
HOLOGRAM
NATURAL ORGANISM
HOLOGRAM
ARTIFICIAL ORGANISM
COMPUTER
INTERFACE
LIGHT AUTOMATA
The high-tech sculpture, which melds
art and science, uses bacteria found on
fish to achieve a luminescent glow.
A Tufts biotechnology researcher
bacteria that will grow steadily and
grams are being developed in con-
recently assisted an artist who is
have a luminescent glow. She said
junction with the MIT Media Lab.
creating a high-tech sculpture that
they are using Photobacterium Phos-
Sensors attached to the fermenter
will include a self-sustaining sys-
phorium, bacteria from a deep-sea
will record changes in the tempera-
tem of living organisms that glow in
ecosystem that is found on fish and
ture, chemical composition and
the dark.
has a symbiotic relationship with
aeration of the bacterial environment.
"Light Automata"- a large, ambi-
the ocean's flora and fauna.
These changes will be depicted on the
tious environmental sculpture that
Garcia said that the sculpture will
computer screen in real time. Viewers
will consist of holograms, a compu-
be the first in a series that explores
may be able to interact with the
ter and a bioreactor housing a bac-
the relationship between live and
sculpture through the computer, pos-
terial culture - is the brainchild of
artificial systems.
sibly by altering the properties that
Jose Wagner Garcia, a Brazilian archi-
"I believe that in the not-too-
affect the bacteria's light emission.
tect and artist who is a research
distant future, the distinction
The computer set up involves collab-
fellow at MIT's Center for Advanced
between real life and artificial life
oration with Fluid Management Sys-
Visual Studies.
will become fuzzy enough to force
tems of Watertown, Mass.
Ana Lages, a research associate at
us to conceptually redefine all
Garcia, who came to the United
Tufts' Biotechnology Engineering
parameters, properties and condi-
States from Brazil last winter, said
Center, helped Garcia create the
tions currently associated with the
his country does not have the equip-
conditions that will allow a strain of
term 'life,'' Garcia said.
ment and technology for him to
deep-sea bacteria, when agitated, to
The sculpture will consist of two
create a work of this nature. "It is my
steadily produce a milky, ethereal
glass pillars containing a nutrient
hope that this and other projects will
glow of light in a variety of colors- -
fluid that will circulate to the bio-
generate new ideas and concepts for
yellow, bluish-green and white.
reactor in which the bacteria grow.
the deeper exploration of the inter-
"Light Automata" will be exhibited
Between the pillars, there will be
face between art and science," Garcia
at MIT, Tufts and elsewhere upon its
two panels with holograms of three-
said.
completion this year.
dimensional images of individual
Lages helped Garcia develop a
bacteria. The bioreactor will be sus-
Deborah Halber
suitable artificial environment
pended between the panels. The holo-
ENGINEERING NEWS
15
Steely resolve brings students victory
Greg Imbaro, E94.
In a total of 55 "person" minutes
(five students building the bridge in
11 minutes), the Tufts bridge also
was constructed in the shortest time.
"The pipe sections were our key to
speed. We just used Allen wrenches
to tighten our connections, while the
other teams used crescent wrenches
and socket sets," Imbaro said.
Because Tufts secured first place
in both the speed and weight cate-
gories, it was the automatic winner
in the most economical category,
which averaged the two.
Other categories in the bridge-
building contest evaluated capacity,
aesthetics and efficiency (best
capacity-to-weight ratio). Tufts took
third place in the efficiency and
Members of Tufts' bridge-building team climb on their winning entry in the
aesthetics categories.
annual Northeastern Bridge Building Competition, held at the University of
"But we thought nothing else
Massachusetts at Amherst last fall.
looked anything like or nearly as
he Tufts team suffered a minor
The event was held Nov. 3 at the
good as our bridge," said team mem-
T
medical emergency in the
University of Massachusetts at
ber Robert Becker, E91.
first few seconds of the annual
Amherst. It was the first year that
Sponsored jointly by the ASCE
Northeastern Bridge Building Com-
Tufts' student chapter of the Ameri-
and the American Institute of Steel
petition - one team member cut
can Society of Civil Engineers
Construction, the competition was
herself on a piece of steel while
participated.
designed to give students hands-on
assembling the bridge - but in the
Weighing in at a mere 249.5
experience with steel, construction
end, the six-member team emerged
pounds, the Tufts bridge took first
planning and practice and teamwork.
victorious, winning three of the
place in the lightest total weight
Other colleges represented at this
competition's six first-place awards.
category.
year's competition were Norwich
"Given the rigid constraints of the
"The closest thing to our bridge
University, the University of
contest, the students did an excep-
was 302 pounds. It wasn't the type of
Vermont, Union College and the
tional job and came up with a very
steel we used but the configuration
University of Massachusetts at
novel design," said Richard Vogel,
that made our bridge so light. We also
Amherst. Next year, eight teams are
associate professor of civil engineer-
used pipe where everybody else used
expected to enter the competition to
ing at Tufts and faculty adviser to
angles (steel sections rolled into an
be held at Tufts.
the student team.
L-shape)," said Tufts team member
Pamela Benson
NONPROFIT ORG.
ENGINEERING NEWS
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
Tufts University
BOSTON, MASS.
College of Engineering
PERMIT NO. 1161
Medford, Massachusetts 02155
TUFTS
Recycled Paper
ENGINEERING NEWS
"CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING"
TYPE:
INFORMATION
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121502
FROM:
NELSON, Frederick C.: TUFTS UNIVERSITY
TO:
DR. BROMLEY
DATE OF
CORRESPONDENCE: 05/20/91
SUBJECT: REGRET FOR ANY INCONVENIENCE THE CANCELLATION OF THE
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DINNER PLANNED FOR MAY 4 MAY
HAVE CAUSED.
ASSIGNED TO:
ACTION REQUIRED:
SENDER'S DUE DATE:
OSTP DUE DATE:
DATE COMPLETED:
COPIES TO: D. Allan Bromley
WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #:
CONTACT PERSON:
REMARKS:
DATE RECEIVED: 05/23/91
FILE:P- P- INVITATION-SPEECH FOLLOWERLD
UNIVERSITATIS
9121502
SIGILLUM PAX ET LUX 1852 TUFTENSIS
RECEIVE
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
91 MAY 23 All:
College of Engineering
Office of the Dean
OFFICE CF The OF
DIRECTOR
May 20, 1991
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President
for Science & Technology
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Dr. Bromley:
Thank you for your willingness to address the Science &
Technology Dinner which Tufts University had planned for May 4
at the Plaza in New York. We considered your presence and
remarks to be the centerpieces of the entire event.
Thus, we were thoroughly disappointed when a number of
events conspired which forced Tufts to postpone the occasion.
Mr. and Mrs. Richardson, President Mayer, and I anticipate the
dinner to be rescheduled to a date six to eight months hence.
They join me in expressing regret for any inconvenience
which our cancellation might have caused. In addition, we all
ask your indulgence in hopes that once our plans for the
rescheduled event are firm, we can review them with you and
again invite your participation.
I extend best wishes to you and continued success in your
contributions to the country.
Sincerely yours,
JCNelm
Frederick C. Nelson
Dean of Engineering
/mp
CC: Mr. & Mrs. D. Kenneth Richardson
Medford, Massachusetts 02155
617 381-3237
TUFTS
WINTER 1991
ENGINEERING NEWS
Tufts welcomes high-tech at Sci-Tech
A
sustained commitment to
research and development is
needed to restore the nation's
RICHARDSON
economic strength, U.S. Energy
Secretary Adm. James D. Watkins
told 400 invitees at the dedication of
Tufts' Science and Technology
Center Nov. 3.
"Unless we better link basic
research activities to national goals,
we assuredly will not achieve one of
the most important of these-namely
economic competitiveness.
"The center you are dedicating
today at Tufts demonstrates your
commitment to these principles,"
Watkins said.
The $13.3 million, 89,000 square-
foot center on Tufts' Medford/
Somerville campus houses the
College of Engineering's Laboratory
for Materials and Interfaces and
Above: At the dedication, Dean Frederick
Electro-Optics Technology Center,
C. Nelson greeted honored guests
which have both framed research to
(from left) Constance Rogers Richardson,
meet the current and future needs of
D. Kenneth Richardson, Secretary James
D. Watkins and Sheila Watkins. In back
American business and industry.
is Anthony Cortese, Dean of Environ-
The new Science and Technology
mental Programs. Right: Main entrance
Center, founded in part by a $10
to the Science and Technology Center.
million grant from the Department
of Energy under the sponsorship of
The center contains more than
U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.),
$500,000 worth of energy-saving
is also a national model for retrofit-
features from a heat recovery system
ting commercial buildings to make
to a variable air volume handling
Sloan
them energy conserving.
continued on p. 4
Astill retires
Farewell to a man of many talents
WHAT'S INSIDE
P
eople in Winchester, Mass.,
An ability to make people laugh is
still remember Kenneth N.
one of the traits that has made Astill,
Astill as Paul Revere.
professor of mechanical engineering
Raytheon backs LMI
2
Actually, they remember him as a
at Tufts, one of the most endearing
Sci-Tech Center dedicated
4
statue of Revere. Astill once gamely
figures around the College of Engi-
EOTC thrives
6
covered himself in bronze makeup to
neering for the past 44 years.
Robots help disabled
8
play the statue, complete with
"He has a terrific sense of humor,"
pigeons on his head. Leaving the
said Allan M. Cormack, University
"Composing" a better bat
9
pedestal and the pigeons, he con-
Professor of Physics, who often shares
Remember knickers?
13
tinued as master of ceremonies in a
a morning cup of coffee with Astill
When engineering meets art
15
show sponsored by a volunteer
in Anderson Hall. "He's also very
organization.
continued on p. 14
ENGINEERING NEWS
VIVERSITATIS PAX LUX TUFTENSIS
ET
Sent to you with the compliments of
Frederick C. Nelson
Dean of Engineering
Tufts University
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 9, 1991
Dear Dean Nelson:
Many thanks for your letter of May 20 which I am very belatedly answering because I
have been on travel status for much of the intervening period.
It was thoughtful of you to write concerning the postponed dinner originally scheduled
for May 4th at the Plaza in New York.
Once you and your colleagues fix on possible alternate dates I would be happy to try
to fit one of them into my schedule if that remains your wish.
With all best wishes,
Sincerely yours,
DAnan Bromley.
D. Allan Bromley
The Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Professor Frederick C. Nelson
Dean of Engineering
Tufts University
Medford, Massachusetts 02155
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121545
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
ROSSITER, Bryant: CHEMRAWN VII
DATE OF EVENT: 12/05/91
LOCATION OF EVENT: BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE IN THE CHEMRAWN VII WORLD
CONFERENCE ON THE CHEMISTRY OF THE ATMOSPHERE, AS A
PLENARY PRE-DINNER SPEAKER.
RSVP:
06/12/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
O
COPIES TO:
ENVIRONMENT
REMARKS:
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
05/22/91
DATE RECEIVED: 05/29/91
FILE: P- INVITATION-SPEECH
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 24, 1991
Dear Bryant:
Thank you for inviting me to be a speaker at the CHEMRAWN Conference scheduled
to be held in Baltimore on December 2-6, 1991. I apologize for the much belated
response.
With the understanding that it is always possible that Presidential scheduling may
force a change in my plans, I would be delighted to accept your invitation. December
2 at 9:30 a.m. would work best for my schedule. I hope that all will go as planned.
I appreciate your thinking of me and look forward to joining you.
Sincerely yours,
Allan
D. Allan Bromley
The Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Dr. Bryant W. Rossiter
CHEMRAWN VII
American Chemical Society
Room 205
1155 16th Street, Northwest
Washington, D.C. 20036
9121545
IUPAC
CHEMRAWN VII
WORLD CONFERENCE ON
THE CHEMISTRY OF THE ATMOSPHERE:
ITS IMPACT ON GLOBAL CHANGE
Co-sponsors:
Baltimore, Maryland
May 22, 1991 reply to:
International Union of
December 2-6, 1991
25662 Dillon Road
Pure and Applied Chemistry
Laguna Hills, Ca 92653
American Chemical Society
Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President
For Science and Technology
The White House
DIRECTOR
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
BHL 30 OFFERE
91 MAY 29 A 9 : 30
RECEIVED
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Allan:
You may recall that we corresponded earlier concerning the possibility
that President Bush might serve as the Key Note Speaker for CHEMRAWN
VII, "The World Conference on the Chemistry of the Atmosphere:Its Impact
on Global Change," scheduled for December 2-6, 1991 at Baltimore,
Maryland. We still hold hope for the possibility that the President might
participate and will renew our invitation, if you feel it is appropriate, ten to
twelve weeks in advance of the Conference as suggested in Joseph W. Hagin
II letter to me of October 4, 1989. In the meantime, planning for the
Conference is progressing well and we expect to make a significant
contribution to a dialog that will help you, your colleagues in Washington,
and decision makers from abroad to chart a wise and cost-effective course
in a very difficult and emotional field.
Today, I am writing on behalf of Dr. Robert E. Sievers, Conference
Chairman, and my colleagues who have the responsibility to draft
recommendations from the Conference, to invite you to participate as a
Plenary Pre-Dinner speaker on Thursday Evening, December 5, 1991. Your
comments would provide a crucial input to the Conference and will appear
verbatim in the "Perspectives and Recommendations." Similar publications
from previous CHEMRAWN conferences have given important policy and
technical guidance to members of the United States Congress, key U.S.
industrial decision makers, academic and government scientists, public
interest groups, and their counterparts in other nations.
I realize that in extending invitations to you and the President that we
may be asking for more than is possible. This is something that might have
to be worked out at your level. What is important is that we not lose your
CHEMRAWN VII SECRETARIAT: AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, ROOM 205,
1155-16th ST., N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036, USA
sound, science-based views for solving broad technical, economic and
political problems relating to the environment and global climate change.
Your consideration of our invitation will be greatly appreciated.
Sincerely yours,
Brjant Bryant V Rossiter
CHEMRAWN VII
CC. Dr. D.A. Henderson
Dr. Robert E. Sievers
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
RECEIVED
August 24, 1989
Dear Bryant:
Many thanks for your letter of August 16th.
I shall be happy to recommend to President Bush that he
consider giving the keynote address at CHEMRAWN VII because
I do believe it to be one of the very important scientific
activities of the year. Whether he would be able to follow
through, you will realize of course, depends on matters
outside of all our control, but I know that he would be
interested in the possibility.
Your comments regarding Nyle Brady are very much to the
point. I got to know Nyle quite well over the years while I
served as chairman -- and indeed still do -- of the American
side of the Indo-U.S. Bilateral Science and Technology
Initiative set up by Indira Gandhi and Ronald Reagan in 1982
and subsequently renewed on a periodic basis.
I shall make a point of recommending Nyle's reappointment
because it would indeed be most unfortunate to lose his
talents prematurely.
Many thanks for alerting me to these matters. I would again
congratulate you on the remarkable standard of excellence
that you have achieved for the CHEMRAWN series and I will
look forward to the proceedings of CHEMRAWN VII.
With all best wishes,
Sincerely yours,
Duan
D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Dr. Bryant W. Rossiter
Senior Vice President
ICN Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated
3300 Hyland Avenue
Costa Mesa, California 92626
10/13/89
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
October 4, 1989
Dear Dr. Rossiter:
Thank you for your invitation for the President to give the
keynote address at the CHEMRAWN VII Conference, to be held
in Baltimore, Maryland, May 20-25, 1991.
We appreciate your extending this opportunity. We hope you
will understand we are unable to make a commitment for the
President this far in advance. In order not to delay your
planning, we suggest you proceed with your program not
counting on his acceptance. If you wish, you may then feel
free to renew your invitation closer to the date -- perhaps
ten to twelve weeks in advance -- for consideration at that
time.
With best wishes,
Sincerely,
Jush . Hagin
JOSEPH W. HAGIN II
Deputy Assistant to the President
for Appointments and Scheduling
Dr. B. W. Rossiter
Senior Vice President
ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
3300 Hyland Avenue
Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Second Circular
CHEMRAWN VII
WORLD CONFERENCE ON THE CHEMISTRY OF THE ATMOSPHERE:
ITS IMPACT ON GLOBAL CHANGE
Preliminary Program & Call For Papers
December 2-6, 1991
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Sponsored by The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Co-sponsored by The American Chemical Society
in association with The National Academy of Science, The Third World Academy of Science, and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
PURPOSE
The earth's atmosphere is a key component of the global commons. The responsibility falls to all mankind to preserve the
virtues and augment the bounties of the commons. Chemistry can play a creative role in bringing about better environmental
quality. This conference will differ from others by endeavoring to assess the latest scientific understandings and translate
these into policy recommendations that will alter beneficially the future actions of governments, corporations, and individuals.
PROGRAM
MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 2, 1991
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1991
Registration
Reception
Global Warming: The Greenhouse Effect
R.J. Charlson (University of Washington, USA)
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1991
R. J. Cicerone (University of California, Irvine, USA)
Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change
V. Ramanathan (Scripps Institute of Oceanography, USA)
X. J. Zhou (Academy of Meteorological Science, China)
D. L. Albritton (NOAA, Aeronomy Laboratory, USA)
E.P. Blanchard (Du Pont, USA)
G. M. Hidy (Electric Power Research Institute, USA)
Tropospheric Build-up of Oxidants
V.A. Koptyug (USSR Academy of Sciences, USSR)
C. H. Krauch (Chemische Werke Hüls AG, Germany)
H. Akimoto (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan)
A. P. Mitra (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, India)
D. V. Bates (University of British Columbia, Canada)
M. Oppenheimer (Environmental Defense Fund, USA)
D. Kley (KFA, Julich, Germany)
S.C. Liu (NOAA, Aeronomy Laboratory, USA)
G.S. Samuelsen (University of California, Irvine, USA)
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1991
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
G. Brasseur (National Center for Atmospheric Research, USA)
Acid Generation in the Troposphere: Acid Rain
H. Johnston (University of California, Berkeley USA)
J. Ando (Chuo University, Japan)
R. Jones (Cambridge University, England)
T. E. Graedel (AT&T Bell Laboratories, USA)
G. Mégie (Université Paris, France)
Φ. Hov (University of Bergen, Norway)
M.J. Molina (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA)
T.C. Hutchinson (University of Toronto, Canada)
F.S. Rowland (University of California, Irvine, USA)
S. A. Penkett (University of East Anglia, England)
I. Shankland (Allied-Signal Inc., USA)
H. Rodhe (University of Stockholm, Sweden)
S. Solomon (NOAA, Aeronomy Laboratory, USA)
R.C. Worrest (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA)
Methods of Measurement of Atmospheric Trace Species
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1991
E. V. Browell (NASA, Langley, USA)
Future Actions Committee Discussions and Recommendations
D. H. Ehhalt (KFA, Julich, Germany)
This session will be organized by the CHEMRAWN VII Future Actions
H.I. Schiff (York University, Canada)
Committee Chairman J. W. Birks, Program Chairman J. Calvert, Vice
S. Slanina (ECN, Petten, The Netherlands)
Chairman and CHEMRAWN Committee Representative R. Pariser, and
V.E. Zuev (Institute of Atmospheric Optics, USSR)
General Chairman R.E. Sievers
CHEMRAWN VII ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
R. E. Sievers (General Chairman); R. Pariser (Vice Chairman & CHEMRAWN Committee Representative);
J. W. Birks (Future Actions Chairman); J. Calvert (Program Chairman); T. E. Graedel (Posters Chairman);
C. Ponnamperuma (Third World Chairman); W.E. Wilson (Workshop Chairman);
D. B. Ruddy (American Chemical Society Representative); R. M. Barkley, N. Brady, E.E. Ferguson,
B. W. Rossiter and W. G. Schneider (Advisors)
IUPAC sponsorship implies that entry visas will be granted to all bona fide chemists provided application is
made not less than three months in advance. If a visa is not granted one month before the meeting, the
IUPAC Secretariat should be notified without delay by the applicant.
FUTURE ACTIONS COMMITTEE
J. W. Birks (University of Colorado, USA, Chairman); D. L. Albritton (NOAA, Aeronomy Laboratory, USA);
P.J. Crutzen (Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Germany); R. A. Duce (University of Rhode Island, USA);
A. H. Ehrlich (Stanford University, USA); K. Fuwa (Japan Environmental Agency);
M.L. Good (Allied Signal Inc., USA); A. Hayes (ICI Agrochemicals, England);
B.W. Karrh (Du Pont, USA); M. Kassas (Cairo University, Egypt);
V.A. Koptyug (Presidium of Academy of Sciences, USSR); J. E. Lovelock (Coombe Mill, England);
G. Mégie (Université Paris, France); M. J. Molina (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA);
L. Nondek (Water Research Institute, Czechoslovakia); M. Oppenheimer (Environmental Defense Fund, USA);
J.W.M. la Rivière (International Council of Scientific Unions, France);
B. W. Rossiter (Eastman Kodak, retired, USA); H. I. Schiff (York University, Canada);
A. Salam (International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Italy); M. S. Swaminathan (India);
X. Tang (Beijing University, Beijing, China); C. Tickell (UK Mission to the United Nations);
D. Wyrsch (CIBA-GEIGY, Limited, Switzerland)
THE FOLLOWING ORGANIZATIONS HAVE GENEROUSLY CONTRIBUTED
OR PLEDGED SUPPORT TO CHEMRAWN VII:
American Cyanamid Company
ARCO Chemical Company
BASF Corporation
Dow Chemical, USA
E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
Ethyl Corporation
Fiat, USA, Inc.
Hercules Incorporated
Hoechst Celanese Corporation
ICI Americas, Inc.
Eastman Kodak Company
Monsanto
Nissan Motor Company, Ltd.
National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration
Olin Corporation
PPG Industries, Inc.
Sony Corporation
Texaco, Inc.
Toyota Motor Corporation
Union Carbide Corporation
United Technologies
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Instructions for student registrants:
A limited number of reduced-fee registrations are available for full-time students (pre-doctorate). Written
applications for these partial scholarships should be received by the CHEMRAWN VII Secretariat by
August 1, 1991 and should be endorsed by the student's supervisor on university letterhead stationery.
Students are encouraged to present a poster paper.
(To be filled in by Committee)
Paper number as listed on program
CHEMRAWN VII
Abstract Form
A. TITLE OF PAPER:
B.
SUBJECT AREA (See List):
C.
AUTHOR(S):
D.
TELEPHONE, TELEX, AND/OR FACSIMILE NUMBERS:
E.
WORK PERFORMED AT:
F.
ABSTRACT (150 words maximum see sample on reverse side):
Application for Travel Grant
PLEASE MAIL UNFOLDED TO ELIMINATE REPRODUCTION PROBLEMS
CHEMRAWN VII
December 2-6, 1991 0 Baltimore, Maryland - USA
Preliminary Registration Form
Print or type all information
Prof.
Dr.
Mr.
Mrs.
Ms.
Name
Title
Affiliation
Address
City
State/Zip
Country
Phone
Fax/Telex
Please check if you would like further information:
Please send further information on the training workshop being arranged at the area Training Center by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
Mail completed form to: CHEMRAWN VII Secretariat, c/o American Chemical Society, 1155 16th Street, N.W., Room 205,
Washington, D.C. 20036-4899 USA FAX: (202) 872-6128/PHONE: (202) 872-6286
(3/91)
SAMPLE ABSTRACT FORM & INSTRUCTIONS FOR CHEMRAWN VII
Use the form on the reverse side to provide the
(To be filled in by Committee)
following information.
Paper number as listed on program
A. TITLE OF PAPER
CHEMRAWN VII
Use capital and small letters for the benefit of the editors.
Abstract Form
Example only
B. CONFERENCE SUBJECT AREAS
A. TITLE OF PAPER: Northern Hemisphere Ozone Depletion
Instruments and Techniques for Atmospheric Chemistry
Chemistry of the Urban Atmosphere
B. SUBJECT AREA (See List): Chemistry of the Stratosphere
Chemistry of the Remote Atmosphere
Chemistry of the Stratosphere
C. AUTHOR(S): Dr. Thomas Smith,
Chemistry of Clouds and Precipitation
Georgia Tech, Box 999, Atlanta, GA 62214-1234 USA
Biogeochemical Processes
Inventories and Budgets
D. TELEPHONE, TELEX, AND/OR FACSIMILE NUMBERS:
Reaction Kinetics and Mechanisms
(404) 999-9998
Global Scale Data and Models
Chemistry and Physics of Atmospheric Aerosols
E WORK PERFORMED AT: Georgia Tech
Paleoatmospheric Chemistry
Interactive Chemistry of the Atmosphere and Oceans
F. ABSTRACT (150 words maximum see sample on reverse side):
C. AUTHOR(S)
Application for Travel Grant
Given name first, family name next (IN CAPITAL
LETTERS) with name of presenter underlined
PLEASE MAIL UNFOLDED TO ELIMINATE REPRODUCTION PROBLEMS
D. TELEPHONE, TELEX, AND/OR
START THE ABSTRACT TITLE HERE USING CAPITAL LETTERS.
FACSIMILE NUMBERS
Follow with author's names, full business address. Underline presen-
ter's name. Start third line and any subsequent lines in the heading,
if needed, just inside the blue line at left.
E. WHERE REPORTED WORK WAS
PERFORMED
Leave a space between heading and abstract proper. Indent as shown for para-
graph. Keep all lines as wide as possible without touching the blue lines at either
F. ABSTRACT
side. Short lines create extra pages and add to publication expense. Avoid them
where possible. Keep the text in one paragraph. If literature citations are need-
(See sample at right for instructions on
ed, insert them in parentheses and not as footnotes. Credits, if any, should be
typing abstract)
added at the end of the abstract, but not as a new paragraph. If structures or
other forms of illustration are used, drawings should be part of the overall
abstract, not submitted separately. Use an electric typewriter, with carbon rib-
bon, if possible, and a type size to give 90 characters (letter plus spaces) per
7-1/2 inch (190mm) line. Before submitting your abstract, check format, nomen-
clature, and spelling. Make sure that erasures do not show. Abstracts will not be
retyped, but will be reproduced photographically. Please mail the abstract unfolded
TRAINING WORKSHOP TO BE SPONSORED BY THE U.S. EPA
A
two-week training workshop will be arranged by the Office of Research and Development of the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). The workshop will be held at the Area Training
Center at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, just prior to the CHEMRAWN VII Conference.
It will be structured around two of EPA's standard training courses: 1) Atmospheric Sampling and, 2) Quality
Assurance for Air Pollution Measurement Systems. Much of the material in these courses is applicable to
both health-related and global-climate pollutants. Laboratory work includes sampling and analysis of fine,
coarse and respirable particles. The participants will be introduced to new, simple, passive techniques for
monitoring ozone and other gaseous pollutants. The training program will include instruction in the use of
simple models to predict ozone. Scientists from several agencies will discuss ways for developing countries
to participate in research and monitoring related to global warming and stratospheric ozone destruction. This
workshop will provide an excellent opportunity for young chemists from around the world to interact with
experts in the field of atmospheric chemistry. It is open only to CHEMRAWN VII registrants.
MEETING ANNOUNCEMENT/CALL FOR PAPERS
T
he third and final circular, including registration and hotel information, will be mailed in September, 1991.
To receive the final circular, please complete and return the preliminary registration form. Hotel rooms have
been set aside, at reduced rates, for conference attendees and a social program will be offered for accompanying
guests. Detailed information will be available in the final circular. Some financial assistance may become
available to support travel to the conference for scientists from developing countries. Funds are also being
raised to enable scientists from developing countries to attend a training workshop which will be held immedi-
ately preceding CHEMRAWN VII. To receive further information on the EPA workshops check the box on the
preliminary registration form.
DEADLINE
The deadline for receipt of abstracts is May 30, 1991.
INFORMATION REQUIRED
The camera-ready 150-word original on the Conference Abstract Form plus one copy. Authors must also sub-
mit one copy of a long abstract of 500 to 1,000 words plus critically important tables, graphs, and figures to
assist the referees who will evaluate contributed papers.
MAILING INFORMATION
Completed Abstract Form (and long abstract) should be mailed to:
CHEMRAWN VII
American Chemical Society
1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036-4899
USA
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
The official language of the conference for both abstracts and poster presentations is English.
World Conference on
The Chemistry of the Atmosphere:
Its Impact on Global Change
One of a continuing series devoted to
Chemical Research Applied to World Needs
December 2-6, 1991
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
IUPAC
CHEMRAWN VII
Preliminary Program & Call for Papers
CHEMRAWN VII SECRETARIAT
NON-PROFIT
American Chemical Society
ORGANIZATION
Room 205
U.S. POSTAGE
1155 16th St., N.W.
PAID
Washington, DC 20036-4899
AMERICAN
U.S.A.
CHEMICAL
SOCIETY
CHEMRAWN: Chemical Research Applied to World Needs
"INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY"
TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH
DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121512
SPEECH:
YES
NO
FROM:
GURUSWAMY, Lakshman D.: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
DATE OF EVENT: 01/17/92
LOCATION OF EVENT: TUCSON, ARIZONA
TIME OF EVENT:
SUBJECT:
INVITATION TO PRESENT A KEYNOTE PAPER AT THE
CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT:
INTERSECTING GLOBAL ISSUES.
RSVP:
06/07/91
CONTACT PERSON:
CONTACT NUMBER:
INVITATION ACCEPTED?
YES
NO
COPIES TO:
ENVIRONMENT
REMARKS:
CLOSED
DATE OF LETTER:
05/17/91
DATE RECEIVED: 05/28/91
FILE: P- INVITATION-SPEECH
THE UNIVERSITY OF
College of Law
ARIZONA
RECEIV
Tucson, Arizona 85721
TUCSON ARIZONA
(602) 621-1373
May 17, 1991
FAX (602) 621-9140
91 MAY 28 A 9 : 23
OFFICE OF THE
The Honorable D. Allan Bromley DIRECTOR
Assistant to the President for
Science and Technology
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Dr. Bromley:
CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT:
INTERSECTING GLOBAL ISSUES
JANUARY 17-18, TUCSON, ARIZONA, USA
I am writing to invite you to present a keynote paper at a
major scholarly conference on energy and the environment to be
held in Tucson, Arizona, from January 17-18, 1992. A Preliminary
Notice is enclosed.
The conference will analyze prominent themes about the
environment/energy interface generated by the negotiations for a
world climate treaty regulating carbon dioxide emissions. The
themes also presage those to be canvassed at the Earth Summit in
June 1992. Might you be interested in delivering the first
keynote speech on January 17, titled: "Should We Stabilize or
Curtail Carbon Dioxide Emissions?" Keynote speakers are expected
to submit a paper at least one month before the conference. We
will, of course, be happy to pay for your travel and stay in
Tucson, and offer you a small honorarium of $1,000.
You will see from the announcement that we have drawn up a
viable conceptual framework, and have invited other eminent
scholars to participate in the conference. A number of them have
already accepted our invitation. The conference will be followed
by a national television program based on the "Advocates." You
may, however, notice that your name does not now appear in the
Preliminary Announcement. Please allow me to explain this omis-
sion. This was due to the fact that an interdisciplinary com-
mittee which selected the speakers did not expect the con-
ference would be of sufficient importance to attract your par-
ticipation. Quite to the contrary, it now appears, based on
reports in The New York Times and conversations with other
participants, that the issues being canvassed at the conference
are engaging your attention. You would both illuminate the
The Honorable D. Allan Bromley
May 17, 1991
Page Two
issues and laud the conference by presenting the first keynote
speech.
The University of Arizona is a "Research 1" university in
the USA, and has numerous established interdisciplinary research
programmes dealing with global change. The city of Tucson is
surrounded by mountains, and is a very beautiful winter resort.
Governor Symington and Senator McCain will be writing to you
in support of this invitation. We are all excited at the
prospect of having you here, and I look forward to hearing from
you.
Sincerely Yours,
Lakshman D. Guruswamy
Professor of Law
LDG:jr
enc.
Preliminary
Announcement
ENERGY
AND THE
ENVIRONMENT:
INTERSECTING GLOBAL ISSUES
January 17 & 18
1992
College of Law
THE UNIVERSITY OF
ARIZONA
TUCSON ARIZONA
with
Udall Center for Public Policy & College of Engineering
ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT:
D.
THE ENERGY ENVIRONMENT INTERFACE
INTERSECTING GLOBAL ISSUES
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
William D. Ruckelshaus, Former Administrator, EPA., OR
James Schlesinger, Former Secretary, Department of Energy, OR
"In crisis there is opportunity"
Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
DISCUSSANTS
The prospect of a world climate treaty, under which emissions of carbon
Lakshman Guruswamy: Professor of Law, University of Arizona
dioxide are stabilized and then reduced, crystallizes the complicated and difficult
Donald Elliott, Professor of Law, Yale University; General Counsel, EPA.
questions we confront. Caught in a vise, the United States and the international
community, struggle to avoid making an almost impossible choice between
material prosperity and a clean environment.
E.
IS THE CUTTING DOWN OF CARBON DIOXIDE ECONOMICALLY
VIABLE FOR POOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES?
Cheap energy, and energy driven technology, have ushered us into realms of
prosperity unparalleled in the history of the world. At the same time, fossil fuels, that
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
provide this energy, are held responsible for our environmental degradation. Fossil
Jose Goldemberg (Secretary for Science and Technology, Government of
fuels have caused diverse forms of air pollution, acid rain, and urban smog. It is
Brazil)
alleged that global warming should be added to this list. When carbon loaded fossil
Amulya K.N. Reddy (Indian Institute for Science)
fuels like coal and oil are burned they yield energy and carbon dioxide. Since carbon
dioxide is the most important of the trace gases held responsible for global warming,
DISCUSSANTS
fossil fuels are accused of causing adverse climatic change.
Developing Countries: Malta; Bangladesh; Egypt
To what extent should we abandon our reliance on fossil fuels in the face of the
environmental evidence? Are we willing to pay the staggering price of reducing coal
F.
DECISIONMAKING IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY
and oil in the absence of viable alternatives? On the other hand, should not the cost
of the Gulf war be internalized in calculating the true cost of oil? Will the reduction
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
of emissions lead to the development of alternative fuels or the crippling of
economic growth? Are we, as the U.S. and the USSR suggest, engaged in the folly
William Reilly, Administrator, EPA., OR
of killing phantom dragons at enormous costs? Is there a middle way of sustainable
Harvey Brooks, Professor, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard
development that could steer us between the extremes of a pristine environment and
University
unbridled, uconscionable development? At the Earth Summit in 1992, world
leaders will be asked to choose the middle way of sustainable development. Is this
TWO (2) DISCUSSANTS
wise or practicable? How may such policies be implemented?
William Rodgers, Professor of Law, University of Washington
These are among the hard questions, that will exercise this two day scholarly
Victor Baker, Regents Professor of Geosciences, University of Arizona
con ference. The conference will invite the most eminent scholars, thinkers and
Stuart Eizenstat, Lecturer, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
policymakers in the world to present papers on the various questions raised. The
Private Practice, Washington D.C.
proceedings will be published in the Arizona Journal of International and Compara-
tive Law. These papers will be further edited and developed into a book that will
constitute a creative and definitve benchmark in the formulation of energy and
environmental policy in these areas.
B. SHOULD WE CURTAIL CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS IN THE
ABSENCE OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS?
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
Senator Albert Gore, OR
Claudine Schneider, OR
Senator Timothy Wirth, OR
Jessica Mathews, World Resources Institute, OR
OPENING ADDRESS
Daniel Evans, Former Governor and Senator, Seattle, Washington
THREE (3) DISCUSSANTS
Ralph D'Arge, Professor of Economics, University of Wyoming, OR
Maurice Strong, Secretary General, United Nations Conference on Environment
James Porteba, Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of
and Development.
Technology
Blair Bower, Conservation Foundation
THEMES
Another
FOCUS OF DISCUSSION
- YES; the price of fossil fuels is too high and emission limitations will
A. SHOULD WE STABILIZE OR CURTAIL CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS?
lead to the adoption of fuel efficiencies and the development of other fuels.
- NO; the cost of such reduc tions are staggeringly high, and there are no
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
satisfactory alternatives.
Richard Lindzen, Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, OR
George Kukla, Professor, Columbia University, OR
C. IS IT MORE PRUDENT TO CONCENTRATE ON THE EFFECTS AND NOT
Patrick Michaels, Professor, University of Virginia
THE CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING?
TWO (2) DISCUSSANTS
ONE (1) KEYNOTE PAPER
Stephen H. Schneider, National Center for Atmospheric Research
Bruce Babbit, Former Governor, Arizona, OR
James Hansen, Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Carl Sagan, Professor, Department of Astronomy, Cornell University
Daniel Evans, Former Governor and Senator, Seattle, Washington
Robert E. Dickinson, Professor, University of Arizona
THREE (3) DISCUSSANTS
Peter Gleick, Pacific Institute for Studies in Development,
FOCUS OF DISCUSSION
Environment and Security
- YES; because there is strong evidence that carbon dioxide is responsible
Ian Burton, International Federation of Institutes for Advanced Study
for global warming, and the adverse effects of such global warming are very
B. Fischoff, Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, OR
serious.
P. Slovic, Professor, University of Oregon
- NO; either because the evidence is deficient or the effects of carbon
Julian Simon, Professor, University of Maryland
dioxide are benign.
FOCUS OF DISCUSSION
- YES; it is more sensible and economically viable to deal with effects by crop
adaptation and building sea walls rather than dealing with causes i.e., reduction of
trace gases.
- NO; Causes not effects should be dealt with, because we do not know what
the real effects might be.
- The need to deal with effects should be seen as complementary and not as an
alternative to action dealing with causes.
over
FALL-WINTER 1990
VOLUME 7, NUMBER 1
REPORT ON RESEARCH
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
THE UNIVERSITY OF
ARIZONA
TUCSON ARIZONA
REPORT ON RESEARCH
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
TUCSON, ARIZONA
FALL-WINTER 1990
VOLUME 7, NUMBER 1
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
CONTENTS
Introduction
2
Understanding
Global Change
3
Climate Modeling
5
Cataclysmic Changes
7
Surveying The Past
11
Frozen in Time
14
Answers from the Sea
18
View from the Sky
22
Down to Earth
23
E.O.S. Earth
Observing System
25
EOS at work
27
Statistics and Data
29
From Research
to Teaching
30
Directory
31
Research Support
32
Credits
36
COVER:
Alexander T. Wilson
demonstrates the apparatus he
built to sublimate Polar ice cores
to extract and measure their car-
bon dioxide content.
Photo by Lori Stiles
Introduction
W
e - humanity - may have enough environmental
research cannot be contained within the boundaries of exist-
muscle to change the climate of our planet. It is very
ing academic disciplines. Global change projects typically
possible that we have already started this process, but
involve scientists from more than one department and often
we do not yet understand our life support system well
more than one college. I hope you will also gain a sense of the
enough to know where our actions will lead. It is this realiza-
urgent curiosity that drives our research. The best motivation
tion, that we are 'strong in the arm but weak in the head'
for doing science is a compulsive wish to know and under-
when it comes to looking after our global environment, that
stand how and why things work.
has jolted governments around the world into concern about
This is almost always linked with an equally compulsive
global change. There is fear of the consequences of a possible
urge to share our findings with others, especially our stu-
massive and rapid global warming, and of other effects such
dents. In all the great universities of the world, scientists and
as a weakening of the screen of ozone in the upper atmos-
scholars are engaged in both these pursuits, advancing
phere that protects life from damage by ultraviolet light.
knowledge and sharing it, in an inextricable mixture of
It is clear from this that we need a much better under-
research and teaching. At an early stage in the development
standing of how our life support system works. In particular,
of the Arizona Research Laboratories' Global Change Divi-
we must look at the way its major components are linked, at
sion, an entity established to stimulate and facilitate global
a global scale. These include the atmosphere, the oceans, the
change research, a proposal emerged for the development of
ice of high latitudes and elevations, the land and the living
courses on global change. The first was offered, most suc-
world. A framework for doing this is provided by the emerg-
cessfully, in Spring 1990, and several others are being offered
ing discipline of Earth System Science, in which the kind of
this academic year. This, coupled with The University of
integrated approach to the study of a planet, developed in the
Arizona faculty's achievements in global change research, led
exploration of the Solar System, is applied to the third planet,
to our being one of five universities selected to take part in a
our home.
NASA - funded curriculum project. We will cooperate with
Researchers here have been engaged for many decades in
NASA and the other universities in the consortium in the
the study of the processes linking the components of the
development of graduate and undergraduate courses in
Earth System, its history over all time scales, and the devel-
Earth System Science. A key feature of this will be a course
opment of techniques for monitoring its vital signs. Some of
for freshmen not majoring in science, in which senior NASA
The University of Arizona's most distinctive programs, for
scientists as well as UA faculty will participate. These citizens
example the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, the Laboratory
of the 21st century will be able to get news directly from the
of Tree-Ring Research, and the Department of Hydrology
scientific front-line that will enable them to make educated
and Water Resources, have played a leading role in this,
choices in their economic and political life. I hope this issue
along with departments such as Geoscience and Physics. An
of Report on Research will give you some idea of the under-
extraordinary wealth of talent has been involved, from
standing and stimulation we hope to transmit to them.
graduate students to several members of the National
Academies of Science and Engineering. More recently, scien-
tists at the UA have been playing an important part in the de-
velopment of Earth System Science, the science of global
change. Faculty from several departments have been in-
volved in the planning and design of both the United States
Global Change research program, a billion-dollar federal ef-
Malcolm K. Hughes, Ph.D.
fort, and the multinational International Geosphere-Biosphere
Professor of Dendrochronology
Program. Arizona has no national laboratories, and few fed-
Director of the Laboratory
eral research facilities. If our state is to participate in the na-
of Tree-Ring Research,
tional and international global change research efforts, the
and Director of the ARL
universities must play the major role.
Global Change Division.
In this issue of Report on Research we introduce you to
some of the ongoing projects at The University of Arizona in
Tucson that are part of these programs. You will notice that,
as is often the case with truly innovative work, global change
Precipitation
Albedo
Interception
and Evaporation
Wind
uspiration
IR
Leaf drip
Ste
down
IR
Surface
runoff
up
Evaporation
Snow
H2O
Upper
Infiltration
Soil
Percolation
Groundwater
Total Soil
Runoff
Understanding
"The atmosphere puts pre-
atmosphere find its way back
cipitation and net radiation
to the earth.
onto the land. The land
But to understand the effect
Global
responds by developing temp-
of the Earth's vegetation, or
erature, which depends on the
biomass, on global change,
Change
various energy balance pro-
one must first understand
cesses,' he says.
what global change really is,
One of those processes, and
and the effect humans have on
o R.E. Dickinson, the real
one which Dickinson says is
their environment.
T
question of global climate
extremely important to the
"Global change (is the)
warming is not if it is
understanding of global
broad background of geologi-
occurring, but to what extent.
change, is "evapotranspira-
cal processes against which
Dickinson's research has to do
tion," or the movement of
human activities are embed-
with land surfaces and how
water from the Earth to the at-
ded," Dickinson explains.
they interact with the atmos-
mosphere through plant life.
But now, within this cen-
phere to produce changes in
While water finds its way back
tury, changes caused by the
the Earth's climate.
to the atmosphere through
plants, SO does carbon in the
3
"The problem of greenhouse warming is that the carbon
we add to the atmosphere will take hundreds of years to
go away once we put it in, so in our lifetime it's irreversible."
activities of people are occur-
process of carbon dioxide
ring faster than the geological
coming into the plant. (Then
processes of the Earth. For in-
we) try to figure for the whole
stance, the use of fossil fuels
global surface area that is cov-
has skewed what is called the
ered by vegetation." he says.
"carbon cycle." As humans
To Dickinson, global
burn fossil fuels for heating,
warming issues fit in quite
cooling and transportation,
nicely with energy conserva-
the end result is the freeing of
tion issues. He says the use of
carbon from where it is trapped
solar and other non-fossil-
in the Earth, and releasing it
based energy could slow the
into the atmosphere.
changes being caused by
About five times 10 to the
burning fossil fuels, which he
ninth power (five billion tons
labels as "dangerous. "There
per year) of excess carbon are
is much more future in vari-
released into the atmosphere,
ous sources such as solar or
but only three billion tons stay
burning wood. If you grow
there. The rest goes into the
wood and burn it, that's sort
ocean and other reservoirs.
of no gain of carbon in the at-
"And this is a result of human
mosphere,' he says.
activity," Dickinson says.
"People worry about nu-
But, Dickinson points out
clear energy because of possi-
that there is 100 times as
ble catastrophic events that
much carbon as that captured
Robert E. Dickinson
have a very low probability of
in the biological reservoirs of
occurring. "I don't advocate
the Earth, and 20 times more
nuclear energy, but people
than that taken out annually
The carbon introduced into
"For my own specialty, I am
don't realize the serious health
by the natural processes of
the atmosphere by human ac-
concerned about land surface
effects of fossil energy, which
trees and vegetation and then
tivity has resulted in the start
processes and how they work
are greater than those posed
put back into the atmosphere
of a process that will warm the
in a climate model. "Evapo-
by nuclear.
by the death and decay of the
Earth's atmosphere.
transpiration, or the moving
vegetation.
"The problem of
of water, is a very important
by Dennis St. Germaine
Though the amount of in-
greenhouse warming is that
energy balance process. A lot
crease by human activity is
the carbon we add to the at-
of my work is concerned with
relatively small in comparison
mosphere will take hundreds
how vegetation participates,"
with that turned over by the
of years to go away once we
he says.
Earth's natural processes,
put it in, so in our lifetime, it's
"What I'm trying to model
Dickinson believes the
irreversible,' he says.
(deals with) vegetation,
changes created by human
"But the temperature of the
leaves. Water goes up through
activity have serious and long-
atmosphere won't rise until
(plant) stems to 'stomates' in
term implications.
the first couple hundred me-
the leaves. The stomates con-
ters (in depth) of the ocean
trol how much water gets out
warm up. It takes from 30-50
at the same time carbon comes
years for a warming today to
in. We model the movement
heat up the ocean, he says.
of water through the stomates.
To better understand the
We also model the reverse
processes involved, much of
his work is in the develop-
ment of a climate model.
4
Climate Modeling
ew research at The Uni-
Parrish is documenting
a continent the size of Pangea,
of how reptile and dinosaur
N
versity of Arizona is be-
what climate was like in the
continentality must have
physiology dealt with such
ginning to show how
past. She says her research is
really been something."
extremes.
much climate fluctuated in
beginning to show that the
Two different, and still
Parrish also does research
Earth's ancient history.
largest climate changes have
unproven, climate models
primarily in northern Alaska,
While Earth has been much
occurred because of continen-
recently came up with an un-
and she has shown that during
warmer and much colder than
tal drift.
settling picture of what cli-
the middle of the Cretaceous
today, in the most general
One of her particular in-
mate on Pangea may have
Period, about 90 million years
aspects of atmospheric circu-
terests is the early Mesozoic,
been like. Both models pre-
ago, the mean annual temper-
lation, climate patterns have
when most of Earth's land
dicted fluctuations of monthly
ature in the Arctic was about
not changed all that much
mass existed in a single, giant
mean temperatures from sum-
10 degrees Celsius, similar to
through time, says UA geo-
continent - Pangea - that
mer to winter of almost 100
western Oregon today. The
scientist Judith Totman Par-
stretched from the North to
degrees in the interior of the
Cretaceous fossils Parrish is
rish. "There have been ice age
the South Pole. "That geog-
continent. (Tucson typically
investigating are located at 68
and greenhouse times, but no
raphy almost certainly created
varies 7-32 degrees Fahren-
degrees latitude, but when the
complete reorganization of
very strange and extreme
heit by comparison, a 25 de-
plants grew, the site was at 85
climate systems, despite all
climatic conditions," says Par-
gree spread.) If those models
degrees north, close to the
these big fluctuations," Parrish
rish, "especially extreme 'con-
hold up, Parrish says paleon-
says. "That's sort of comfort-
tinentality.' Chicago for exam-
tologists will almost certainly
ing, in a way, from the point of
ple has a much more extreme
have to rethink their notions
view of society."
climates than San Francisco
(both cities are about 40 de-
grees north of the Equator). In
5
"Because we are trying to make policy decisions based on
model predictions, we want those models to be as robust
as possible. One way to make sure the models work is
to get them to simulate past climates that we know were
very different from ours
North Pole. This coming sum-
petroleum source rocks, the
temperatures were, on aver-
very different from ours. If the
mer, she will check prelimi-
fine-grained rocks where
age, 20 degrees Celsius
models can handle those con-
nary evidence that suggests
petroleum is generated before
warmer than now, and if we
ditions, that is if they can suc-
that several million years later
it moves to the more porous
can get the models to come up
cessfully replicate the patterns
the region may have been
rock that it is pumped from.
with the same kinds results,
we see in the geologic record,
even warmer, as warm as 13
In order to understand the
then we have some idea of
then they are truly modeling
degrees Celsius.
role of climate, I had to do some
how the system works. But if
climate dynamics."
Tree rings in fossil wood
paleoclimate modeling. The
we throw an extreme case at it
This spring, Parrish will
and the leaves of angiosperms,
models turned out to be useful
and the model blows up, then
travel to Australia and New
plants that flower and grow
for other kinds of studies, too,
we know it may be tuned too
Zealand to look for fossil
seeds, are the main lines of
so I've done some work on the
much to present conditions,
equivalents in the Southern
evidence in Parrish's work in
distribution of coal, phos-
which is what most models
Hemisphere of plants she has
Alaska. She says that for
phate, chert and some similar
were built for.
found in Alaska and Canada.
reasons not yet fully under-
rock used in industrial filters.
"Because we are trying to
"In Victoria, there is a high-
stood, a very good empirical
"We are still trying to un-
make policy decisions based
latitude dinosaur site where
relationship exists between
derstand the climate system.
on model predictions, we
the vegetation just predates
leaf morphology, overall vege-
One of the ways we can test
want those models to be as
the arrival of angiosperms. We
tation, mean annual tempera-
climate models is to throw
robust as possible. One way to
have that transition on the
ture and mean annual range of
some really extreme cases at
make sure the models work is
North Slope of Alaska. We are
temperature. "We have been
them. If we have a time in
to get them to simulate past
hoping maybe we can start
applying these methods,
Earth history when polar
climates that we know were
reading out the climate from
which were determined from
the pre-angiosperm vegeta-
modern floras, back to floras
tion, which until now has
in the Cretaceous and the re-
been, in the minds of paleo-
sults make sense in terms of
climatologists, a kind of
temperatures we get world-
homogeneous mess for about
wide for that time," she says.
60 million years. Well, we
Parrish's goal is documenting
know it couldn't have been
a latitudinal temperature gra-
that homogeneous. It's just
dient for that time in North
that no one has been able to
America.
tackle the problem of inter-
Parrish's research has direct
preting climates from the
ties to industry. "I got into
geologic record.
paleoclimatology because an-
"That's one of the things
cient climate patterns and
we're trying to do."
ocean current patterns have
played a big role in determin-
by Jeff Harrison
ing the distribution of
Judith Parrish
6
Cataclysmic
Changes
e can't understand
taken him from the Pacific
for measuring and analyzing
reached between 15 million
W
global change while
Northwest and the American
the size and frequency of
and 17 million cubic meters of
ignoring nature's most
Southwest to India, Australia
paleofloods. Learning to inter-
water per second, churning
spectacular events of the past
and beyond. The physical evi-
pret the natural phenomena
up house-sized boulders and
- the very rare but real cata-
dence argues that nature's in-
has been a very humbling ex-
carving great cataracts,
clysms that have left their
tense cataclysms can change
perience, he says.
potholes and grooves into the
mark on the landscape.
the global system as drasti-
Baker has studied the
bizarre landscape today called
Yet, says UA geosciences
cally as do long, slow, gradual
mightiest freshwater floods
the Channeled Scabland.
and planetary sciences Re-
geologic processes, he finds.
known on Earth, the Missoula
More important to global
gents Professor Victor R.
"One reason I focus on
floods that ravaged the Pacific
change scholars, however, are
Baker, many undervalue an
catastrophic events is because
Northwest between 17,000
the cataclysmic floods that
adolescent science called
in these events there is a warp-
and 12,000 years ago. These
have recurred over the last few
"cataclysmic geomorphol-
ing of time. The power of
were created when advancing
thousand years. Water, Baker
ogy." It is the study of the
energy expenditure that na-
glacial ice dammed the Co-
notes, is one of the most sensi-
rarest and most intense pro-
ture tends to spread uniformly
lumbia Basin River drainage
tive measures of past climate
cesses that shape the surface
over long periods is concen-
until the whole unstable busi-
change in the global system.
of the Earth.
trated instantaneously, Baker
ness eventually gave way.
He and his current and former
Baker is a pioneer in the
says. His specialty is studying
Baker calculates that the late
students have studied scores
field. His more than 20-year
ancient cataclysmic floods.
Pleistocene glacial Lake Mis-
search of the geological record
Among other contributions,
soula released a gargantuan
for cataclysmic droughts,
he and his students have de-
deluge 30,000 times as pow-
landslides, earthquakes, vol-
veloped techniques and tools
erful as flooding produced by
canic eruptions, windstorms,
the Amazon, the world's
seismic seawaves or
largest river. Peak discharges
"tsunamis" and floods has
7
of such cataclysmic paleoflood
sites around the world. Study-
ing Earth's landscapes for evi-
dence on the location, size
Mars
and frequency of past great
floods ultimately might lead to
A
team of UA planetary sci-
the discovery of global-scale
entists has a new theory
change mechanisms.
to explain past environ-
"One of the things we've
mental change on Mars. It is
been trying to do is look for
cause for hope, they say, that
places where the natural sys-
scientists similarly can dis-
tem acts as a faithful recorder
cover the mechanisms of en-
of past cataclysmic floods, be-
vironmental change on Earth.
cause we would like to see if
Victor R. Baker, Robert G.
these natural recording sites
Strom, Steven K. Croft, Vir-
scattered around the world
ginia C. Gulick, Jeffrey S.
give some pattern or pulse to
Kargel and Goro Komatsu say
these catastrophic events,"
that the seemingly nonsensi-
Baker says. "Are these com-
cal evidence of extraordinary
pletely random, as some
flooding on Mars strongly
theorists have thought, or are
suggests an absolutely bizarre,
they clustered in time? And if
if naturally feasible,
they are clustered, is there
mechanism of global Martian
some kind of climatic, global
environmental change.
mechanism that clusters
According to previously
them? If there is a clustering
Victor R. Baker reconstructs the size of a cataclysmic flood at
known scientific evidence,
system, that could be very
the Channeled Scabland of eastern Washington state. The
profound for the future of
flood is the largest seen in Earth's geologic record. It occurred
global change. A clustering of
between 18,000 and 12,000 years ago. (Photo by Jim E.
catastrophies could have over-
O'Connor.)
whelmingly disruptive influ-
ences, may be much more de-
vastating on society than
were dumped in pockets of
that large floods over the last
tree rings and packrat mid-
progressive temperature in-
slackwater by torrential flows
1,000 to 2,000 years - in-
dens. (UA scientists analyze
creases, for example."
centuries and millennia ago.
cluding 19th century through
the seeds, leaves and other
The American Southwest
They also discovered that irri-
present — do cluster into dis-
macrofossil remains in pack-
has proved an excellent
gation canals constructed by
crete time periods. Climate
rat "middens." Middens are
natural site for this work.
Hohokam Indians in central
change - perhaps changing
piles of debris that packrats
Baker and his students have
Arizona in prehistoric times
tropical monsoon patterns in
collect and horde in dry caves,
found it possible to accurately
are filled with flood deposits.
the Southwest - are likely the
where the material becomes
These record a monster flood
gauge the sizes and ages of
cause, they say.
cemented by the animals'
paleofloods in bedrock gorges
around 1,100 years ago and
To really understand the re-
urine and can remain pre-
where sand and silt deposits
an interval of unusually large
lationship between flooding
served for thousands of years.)
floods during the last 400
and climate, Baker and other
Catastrophic paleoflood
years.
UA paleoflood researchers
studies are necessary if we are
Preliminary results from an
would like to study their
to discover how Earth's water
analysis of many southwest-
record in the context of other
system works, Baker says. Sci-
ern paleoflood records show
records of past southwestern
entists study the past - which
environment compiled by UA
is the only record of reality
and other scientists who
that we have - to learn what
analyze fossil plant pollen,
8
"Real discovery is being delighted when we find
something that violates our preconceptions so that we
have to improve our conceptions of how the world works."
floods far more powerful than
one-hundredth the pressure
warmed the climate of Mars
be perplexing problems of
any known on Earth flowed
of that on Earth, so what water
just as the burning of fossil
past environmental change on
over Mars billions of years
could have washed over Mars
fuels causes a global warming
the planet. We have a new
ago. Nearly all the water-
to create such features so
of Earth. That is, Martian
confidence on how Mars
carved channels and valleys
recently?
floods induced a cataclysmic
works as a planet, how its
appear to be very old, having
Any way you look at the
warming. Martian climate be-
water-related systems have
formed in the first billion
known evidence, it fits to-
came relatively warm and wet,
evolved through time.
years of the planet's history.
gether to suggest this, the UA
and glaciers formed in the
"We need a similar confi-
That seems to make sense,
scientists say: The northern
highlands and southern
dence for Earth. Rather than
theorist agree, because early
hemisphere of Mars was not
hemisphere of the planet.
idealized future 'scenarios'
Mars had a thicker atmos-
once, as has been previously
Through time, the ocean
given to us by computers, we
phere that might have been
thought, but repeatedly, inun-
gradually evaporated or froze,
need an understanding of how
able to rain.
dated by ocean. Intense
returning the planet to its
the whole planet works. If we
What conventional theory
periods of volcanic activity
cold, dry climate, the condi-
can figure it out for a slightly
doesn't explain is why some of
triggered each episode of
tions we see on Mars today.
smaller, slightly colder ver-
the youngest valleys on the
catalcysmic ocean formation.
During these epochs, the
sion of Earth known as Mars,
planet - those near active
And each time it appeared,
water on Mars is trapped as
that process of common sense
volcanoes - so obviously ap-
"Oceanus Borealis," as they
ground ice in underground
should allow us the same reve-
pear to have been formed by
call it, had an immediate im-
permafrost. "This idea com-
lation about Earth and its
water. Modern climate on
pact on climate: Water that
pletely changes how we view
global changes."
Mars is too cold and dry for
evaporated from the ocean
Mars," Baker says. "We feel we
active water flow. The modern
and carbon dioxide released
have found a way to make
by Lori Stiles
atmosphere has less than one
from the melting polar ice cap
sense out of what seemed to
is actually possible in nature.
Theoretical models are very
selves that we know how the
how the world works. We
But there is a human tendancy
necessary and powerful tools
world works and that we can
have to let things blow our
to idealize how nature works
scientists need to test their
predict the future. If one
minds. Our minds have to be
that makes scientists, who are
ideas of how natural
makes a discovery in one's
boggled, stimulated; it's one of
after all people, forget that
phenomena might be related,
theoretical model, one is only
the things that attracted me to
"Nature is the one that should
but prediction is not their end
discovering idealizations
studying catastrophes in the
be telling us how it works, not
result, Baker says.
which may have no relation to
first place. Science, for me, is
the other way around."
"There's a grand myth that
anything. We are overly in-
an enterprise that attempts to
He worries that too many
science will deliver a perfect
fatuated with our logical
make common sense out of
global change scientists are
prediction of what the future
structures.
natural phenomena. It offers a
seduced, pressured or funded
will be. The enterprise of
"Real discovery is being
truer understanding of reality
into constructing complex
designing for control of the
delighted when we find some-
that we can act upon without
computer models designed to
future is engineering, not
thing that violates our precon-
fear in shaping our future."
predict the future. Such mod-
science. The two are necessary
ceptions so that we have to
els are endowed with the
and complementary, but they
improve our conceptions of
modelers' built-in idealized
are not the same thing. Sci-
theories of what the future will
ence isn't the deluding of our-
be. They aren't structured to
best test all the real-world
possibilities nature suggests.
9
Flood studies typically
focus on only small or
medium-sized events mea-
sured and recorded by mod-
ern scientific instruments.
One reason researchers have
been reluctant to study na-
ture's cataclysms is that they
are individual, unique,
"messy" events that don't fit
any general picture.
Generalizing and extrapolat-
ing from only modern-day,
common and average-sized
events gives a false picture of
how floods work in the real
world, Baker says, and that's
dangerous for practical
reasons.
Cataclysmic floods are very
rare, but they do happen.
They must be considered
when designing dams, nuclear
facilities, hazardous waste
storage sites and other kinds
Victor R. Baker
of projects where the con-
sequences of design failure are
so great that the risks must be
hazards which previously af-
thinking of 17th-18th century
considered. Hydrologists in
fected only outlying com-
scientists who tried to inter-
China, India and Australia use
munities in a drastic way now
pret features in the geological
paleoflood data in planning
have the potential of affecting
landscape as evidence of bib-
large dams, for example. In
the whole interaction on the
ilical catastrophes. Lyell and
the U.S. they do not.
planet."
others successfully pro-
"As human societies be-
Part of the reason the U.S.
pounded a new concept of
come increasingly complex, as
science community has ne-
gradualism, the idea that land
populations expand from safe
glected serious study of cata-
features develop slowly
places into hazardous sites,
clysmic floods, Baker
through time by orderly pro-
cataclysms that once seemed
suggests, has to do with the
cesses. Since then, geologists
local and unimportant have
history of Western science.
who argue cataclysmic origins
the ability to disrupt global
Throughout the 19th cen-
for certain land features have
transportation, communica-
tury, the study of extraordi-
seen their ideas downplayed
tion, information and other
nary floods was regarded as a
or even dismissed altogether.
complicated, vulnerable sys-
"somewhat disreputable sci-
tems, he says. "Natural
entific activity," he explains.
by Lori Stiles
The great geologists of the
18th-19th centuries - James
Hutton, John Playfair and
Charles Lyell - countered the
10
Surveying
the Past
D
uring the last two
and one of six researchers
"depths" of the Little Ice
director emeritus of climate
millenia, two time
from across the country in-
Age - that depict ice fairs and
research at the University of
periods stand out that
volved in a study titled
frozen canals. There is also
East Anglia. Lamb analyzed
may help global change
"Analysis of Recent and Rapid
some recorded evidence from
reports dating from 12th and
researchers in their efforts to
Climate Change (ARRCC)."
that period that indicates the
13th century Europe that
understand the dynamics of
The two periods are the
advance of European glaciers.
recorded crop successes,
our climate and how its
"Little Ice Age," from about
"One inference you can draw
failures and prices. In his
changes have impacted life on
A.D. 1450 to 1890, and "the
from that is that it was cooler
research, Lamb found grape-
Earth.
Medieval Warming Epoch,"
then," Hughes says. He says it
growing terrain where such
"What we hope to do even-
lasting from about A.D. 800 to
is alleged in the scientific com-
crops had not been grown in
tually is a year-by-year and
1300.
munity that the world was
modern times until the last
season-by-season picture of
"The idea of those two
cooler by about one degree
few years, says Hughes.
the world's climate change for
periods very largely comes
Celsius.
the last 2,000 years," says Pro-
from records in northwest
Evidence indicating the
fessor Malcolm Hughes, direc-
Europe and to a lesser extent
Medieval Warming Epoch in-
tor of The University of
from North America," Hughes
clude information unearthed
Arizona Tree Ring Laboratory
says. The records, though
by Professor Hubert Lamb,
sparse, come from varied and
surprising sources.
Hughes cites classical paint-
ings from late in the 17th cen-
tury - thought to be the
11
"Tree rings are going to provide the spine for the study.
There are a lot more of them than any other record."
in different parts of the world
during that few hundred
years,' Hughes says.
If indeed the data Hughes
and his colleagues on the
ARRCC project are collecting
bear out the notion that the
two periods' weather trends
encompassed the globe, the
experiment will expand to in-
volve many more people and
a larger time span.
Hughes compares earlier
studies to the exploration of a
continent by early adventur-
ers. They performed prelimi-
nary work much the same as
Lewis and Clark performed
1850's temperature recording sites
1890 temperature recording sites.
when they mapped the
Louisiana Territory.
"It is the equivalent of
people coming to a continent
Another bit of evidence
are global,
but people
Sierra Nevada Mountain
to gather some data. Then,
pointing to a warming in the
assumed they are global and
Range in California show
when you send in a profes-
Ninth and 10th centuries
went on to seek explanations.
cooling during that period.
sional surveyor, you may get
comes from Lamb's research
We think it's rather dangerous
"We have phenomena pop-
quite a different picture," he
of early Viking settlements in
at this point, so ARRCC is col-
ping up in different intensities
says.
Iceland and Greenland. "Con-
lecting global records from
ditions were good enough for
those periods to see the
the Vikings to actually make
broader picture," Hughes
voyages and establish Iceland
says.
and Greenland settlements,"
He says conflicting evi-
Hughes says.
dence found in different loca-
But pinpointing the cooling
tions must be resolved.
and warming periods through
Another UA researcher,
such sketchy evidence is
Don Graybill, has compiled
dangerous, Hughes notes.
tree ring records from the
"The tendency has been to
Polar Ural Mountains in the
assume that these phenomena
Soviet Union, above 65 de-
are global in extent. There is a
grees north, that make a case
little bit of evidence that they
for cooling during the Little
Ice Age, but other records
from Scandanavian countries
seem to indicate that it was
not cooler. Still other bits of
tree-ring evidence from the
Tree-ring series covering AD 1680-1715
12
To fill in the gaps, as a pro-
ARRCC project are Clima-
fessional surveyor would,
tologist Ray Bradley, Univer-
Hughes and colleagues are
sity of Massachusetts,
amassing data such as temper-
Amherst; Gordon Jacoby of
ature records, records of rain-
Columbia University, who
fall, layered sediments of the
will share tree ring investiga-
world's oceans and ice cores
tions with Hughes; Jonathon
from the frozen North and
Overpeck, of Columbia Uni-
South Poles.
versity who will study
"Tree rings are going to pro-
offshsore areas and lakes; Lon-
vide the spine for the study.
nie Thompson of Ohio State
There are more of them than
University, studying annual
any other record of climate,"
layers in glaciers in the Andes,
he says.
northwest China and Tibet;
"Once we get a better re-
and David Rind, a climate
cord, and are able to ask (the
modeler with the National
right) questions, maybe we
Malcolm K. Hughes
Aeronautics and Space Ad-
will end up confirming that
ministration's Goddard Insti-
the Little Ice Age and the
tute for Space Studies.
Medieval Warming Epoch
ing changes in the Earth's
"We need to know the
were global. But until we have
climate. The project should
natural variations so we can
by Dennis St. Germaine
maps, it's of little value to do
provide a better picture of his-
tell what's unnatural (caused
that," he says.
torical variations than can be
by human activity), he says.
In addition, scientists know
gleaned from records taken
"We are about as ignorant of
that some past temperature
during the last 100 years, a
the last millenium on this
variations occured naturally,
period when such records be-
planet as we were 20 years ago
and did not signal any sweep-
came more comprehensive.
about the Solar System.
Because Hughes' colleagues
on the ARRCC team come
from different institutions,
they will conduct their own
research in their own special-
ties, and conference periodi-
cally via a computer network.
"Hopefully, this group will
discover many fascinating
things during the course of the
next 10 years that will be im-
portant to understanding
what human induced changes
are happening and how the
'greenhouse effect' works out
Historical records
Ice cores
and why," Hughes says.
Layered late sediments
Joining Hughes in the
Marine records in corals
Other series covering AD 1680-1715
13
Frozen
In Time
Alexander T. Wilson
A
two-mile-long ice cube
Once cored, scientists will
short by Iraqi President Sad-
A major focus of the ice-
may help scientists
be able to study the history of
dam Hussein; U.S. military
core research is to try to dis-
figure out whether Earth
climatic ups and downs re-
aircraft, which shuttle scien-
cern what has triggered ice
is heating up.
corded in the ice as though it
tists to the remote site, were
ages and warm periods in
It is actually a long cylinder,
were a time line.
pulled out of Greenland for
Earth's history. Scientists
five inches in diameter, that a
Alexander T. Wilson, Uni-
assignment to the Middle East
hope to find out how these
100-foot-tall rig is drilling
versity of Arizona adjunct pro-
after Iraq invaded Kuwait.
phenomena have happened in
from the 10,000-foot top of
fessor of geosciences, has gone
"I was only able to be there
the past so they can build
the Greenland ice sheet
to the site at the top of the
for six weeks," says Wilson,
computer models to try to
straight to the bottom, which
Earth for two years running to
who transports his precious
predict what's ahead.
is not much above sea level.
help unplug history from this
ice-core samples back to Tuc-
In particular, there is in-
huge deep freeze.
son, nervously, in ordinary
tense interest in developing a
His trip this year was cut
picnic coolers. "When I left,
better understanding of the
the rig was down to about 350
meters (almost 1, 150 feet)."
14
"The Earth is a complex system, and it's simplistic to say,
'Well, carbon dioxide is increasing and it absorbs
infrared and therefore the Earth is heating up.' Scientists
can't really make predictions until they understand the
underlying principles involved."
"greenhouse effect," a theory
Carbon dioxide, a compo-
glish grew grapes then, and
levels of carbon dioxide in the
that a massive build-up of
nent of the air in the bubbles,
wheat flourished halfway up
atmosphere drop during ice
gases generated by modern
comprises only about 0.03
Norway.
ages and rise during warm
man's fossil-fuel burning is
percent of the complex mix-
On the other hand, when
periods startled scientists,
drastically altering the com-
ture of gases that envelops
the planet cooled only about
Long says.
position of our atmosphere.
Earth, but it plays an impor-
3 degrees Fahrenheit between
The difference suggests that
Earth may be on the verge of
tant role in sustaining life by
1350 and 1850, a period
carbon dioxide levels may be
becoming too hot for humans
trapping the sun's heat after it
known as the "Little Ice Age,"
connected to global climate,
to continue business as usual
hits the planet's surface.
crops failed all across north-
he adds, but the connection
- drying up the grain belt in
Carbon dioxide is causing
ern Europe.
may not be cause-and-effect:
the U.S. midwest or swim-
alarm because researchers
A multitude of "forcing fac-
Both phenomena may be re-
ming pools in Los Angeles, for
have established that carbon
tors" may have prodded these
lated to some process that can
example. We may have to
dioxide in today's atmosphere
changes, according to Austin
rapidly alter the distribution
move farther north or south
is higher than it has been for at
Long, a University of Arizona
of carbon on Earth. One possi-
on the globe to be comfort-
least the last few million years.
professor of geosciences.
ble culprit, Long says, could
able.
Today's level of 350 parts per
"The Earth is a complex sys-
be changes in oceanic circula-
Wilson and two other Uni-
million compares with 270
tem, and it's simplistic to say,
tion.
versity of Arizona scientists
parts per million 150 years
'Well, carbon dioxide is
Carbon dioxide exchanges
are interested in carbon
ago when the planet suddenly
increasing, and it absorbs in-
rapidly between the oceans
dioxide locked in air bubbles
heated up and the "Little Ice
frared, and therefore the Earth
and the atmosphere, Long
in the Greenland ice.
Age" ended, a phenomenon
is heating up," Long says.
says. Earth's oceans contain
The UA studies make up a
that coincides with human
"Scientists can't really make
60 times more carbon than the
part of the total Greenland Ice
agricultural and industrial
predictions until they under-
atmosphere, mostly because
Sheet Project Two, sponsored
activity starting in earnest.
stand the underlying princi-
of the biological systems that
by the National Science Foun-
The Soviets have reported
ples involved."
live in them. Organisms near
dation's Division of Polar
ice-core evidence from the
Long, chief scientist for the
the oceans' surfaces convert
Programs. GISP2, a five-year,
coldest spot on Earth, their
UA's Laboratory of Isotope
carbon dioxide into organic
$15 million coalition of 15
Vostok station in Antarctica,
Geochemistry, is part of a
matter by the process of
U.S. institutions, seeks to
that levels of atmospheric car-
GISP2 project that will com-
photosynthesis. Some of the
generate the longest, clearest
bon dioxide have gone up
pare carbon-12 and carbon-
organisms produce shells,
record of global change ever
during periods of global
13 ratios in carbon dioxide
which convert carbon dioxide
compiled.
warming.
from the Greenland ice to try
to calcium carbonate. After
An ice sheet is essentially a
Some scientists argue, how-
to determine whether plant
the organisms die, their re-
circular glacier, Wilson says.
ever, that the "greenhouse"
life in Earth's oceans contri-
mains sink from the surface to
Air on its permanently frozen
idea is simplistic, that such
butes to massive shifts in the
the depths, where they may be
surface becomes trapped
fluctuations are normal over
globe's weather patterns.
dissolved or oxidized back
when snowfall after snowfall
the long term.
Long is interested in dis-
into carbon dioxide that dis-
accumulates in layers. Pres-
For example, during the
cerning whether the oceans'
solves in the water. Then, in
sure from the top layers even-
years from about 950 to 1350,
normal carbon-dioxide ex-
full-circle pattern, the ocean
tually compresses buried
which are known as the
change with the atmosphere
currents return the carbon
snowflakes into grains of ice.
"Medieval Warming Epoch,"
suddenly alters when some
dioxide and nutrients to the
As the grains pack ever more
the temperature of the globe
factor yet unknown triggers
surface.
tightly together, they encapsu-
rose by about 3 degrees
an ice age or warming period.
late any air that happens to be
Fahrenheit. European histori-
He is working with Wilson on
between them.
cal records show that the En-
this five-year, $85,000-a-year
These air bubbles serve as
study.
miniature time capsules. The
The discovery from ice-core
deeper the ice, the older the
studies already completed that
captive air.
15
"The trick was to sublime the ice in a glass vacuum
system."
Oceanographers refer to
study might never have
million dollars on a method
Eventually, his technique
this process as "biological
materialized had Wilson failed
that involved crushing the ice,
overcame both disadvantages
pumping," says Long, who
to jerry-build an ingenious
without melting, to release the
inherent in the Swiss group's
wants to test the hypothesis
apparatus that separates
trapped air. The process, how-
method.
that the oceans leave more or-
carbon dioxide from the
ever, had two drawbacks:
Wilson credits recalling an
ganic carbon at their depths in
Greenland ice without allow-
It required 30 to 40
incident that occurred during
unoxidized form during
ing it to melt. It looks at first
pounds of ice for each experi-
an Antarctic expedition as the
cooling periods with his
glance like a Rube Goldberg
ment, a huge amount of a pre-
spark that led to developing
stable-isotope studies of the
invention for mass producing
cious commodity that is both
his successful method.
carbon-12 to carbon-13 ratio
iced lemonade.
expensive and difficult to re-
"We were drilling ice cores
in carbon dioxide from the
Scientists such as Wilson
trieve from the polar regions.
in the McMurdo dry valleys,
Greenland ice. If the theory is
and Long realized long ago
It failed to capture as much
and we just stood the cores up
true, he says, he expects to
that air trapped in polar ice
carbon dioxide as possible.
in a row outside our tent," he
find higher levels of carbon 13
offers one of the best records
The crushing process released
says. "Within a week, the ice
in the samples.
available for studying global
only the gases trapped in
would almost be gone from
"Exactly how such a dra-
climatic change, but they were
bubbles and not all of the
natural evaporation."
matic switch might happen is
stumped over how to get the
atmospheric gases that had
Voila. The Antarctic mem-
subject to intense scientific
gases out of the ice.
penetrated the ice itself.
ory connected in Wilson's
effort and debate at this time,"
Studies such as Long's on
Wilson, a native of New
mind with another of his areas
Long says. "Some recent work
the carbon-12 to carbon-13
Zealand and veteran of 12
of expertise to trigger the solu-
has demonstrated that there's
ratio must be done with snow
research expeditions to Ant-
tion.
a hemispherical difference in
that has never melted, Wilson
arctica, fused his expertise in
"The trick was to sublime
the atmospheric-carbon part
says.
glacier phenomena, physical
the ice in a glass vacuum sys-
of the carbon cycle at the pres-
The process of evaporating
chemistry, radiocarbon dating
tem,' Wilson says. "Also, if
ent time, and we expect to be
ice directly from its solid state
and vacuum systems when he
you use a glass vacuum sys-
going into more detail on this
to a gaseous state, without
went to work on the problem.
tem, you don't incorporate
by looking at Antarctic ice
melting, is called sublimation.
samples from the Soviets,
Polar ice has to be sublimed in
comparing those trapped
order to extract carbon
gases with Greenland gas."
dioxide from it because the
Long and Wilson will begin
trapped air harbors a pollu-
making these assessments
tant, calcium carbonate, that
once their long-awaited,
blows in with dirt particles
highly precise mass spec-
over the Greenland ice sheet.
trometer specially designed to
If the ice cores were melted,
measure stable- isotope ratios
carbonate would mix with the
in carbon dioxide and other
atmospheric carbon and skew
light gases arrives this fall and
studies such as those the UA
is installed in a new laboratory
researchers are conducting.
in the basement of the Gould-
Researchers began trying to
Simpson Building.
extract atmospheric gases
Long's ability to do this
from polar ice in the 1950s.
The strongest report of suc-
cess came from a Swiss group
that spent years and about a
Douglas J. Donahue
16
much contemporary carbon
says. "If you measure the vol-
milligram of carbon was con-
dioxide that's floating around
ume of air (in each sample)
sidered a very small sample,
in the air into it, because if you
compared to the weight of the
and it was wonderful that we
have such a little bit of carbon
and get a little bit of modern
dulling rig
ice, you can tell the altitude of
could do that. We now
the ice sheet. If you measure
semiroutinely run samples of
stuff in there, it makes accu-
the volume of air and compare
50 to 100 micrograms, which
racy very uncertain."
it to the volume of carbon
is considerably smaller."
Scientific vacuum systems
dioxide, you can tell the con-
Wilson's apparatus allows
that could accommodate
centration of carbon dioxide."
them to retrieve sufficient car-
3-foot by 5-inch samples of
Once the carbon dioxide has
bon for TAMS to date from
ice were nonexistent, so Wil-
been extracted, Wilson puts it
only 2.5 kilograms of ice.
son designed his own, using
through a reaction process
Donahue says they plan to
industrial equipment and
with zinc and iron to convert
date ice-core samples back as
glass components fabricated
the gas to graphite, the soft,
far as radiocarbon dating al-
by UA glass blower Charles M.
pure form of carbon most
lows, about 45,000 years,
Amling.
familiar to people as pencil
then use glaciological theory
The technique involves
lead. The samples are the size
to extend the record back
placing the ice core in a large
of a pencil dot.
hundreds of thousands of
glass tube, applying infrared
These tiny samples then go
years. The limit is set by the
heat from about six lamps -
to Douglas J. Donahue, a
samples themselves: Their
the kind that can be purch-
10,000 feet
pioneer in accelerator radio-
carbon content decreases by
ased at hardware or drug
carbon dating and co-director
half every 5,700 years.
stores - and collecting water
of the University's National
Samples from ancient ice
vapor and carbon dioxide
ice cap
Science Foundation Arizona
ages may contain concentra-
sublimed from it in separate
Accelerator Facility for Radio-
tions of carbon dioxide as low
cold traps maintained at
isotope Analysis.
as 180 parts per million,
minus 80 degrees Celsius.
Donahue analyzes the
which will force them either to
"One reason no one had
carbon-14 content of the ice-
process more ice to create
done this before is they think
locked atmosphere on the
larger samples or to figure out
subliming is a slow process,"
tandem accelerator mass
how to process even smaller
Wilson says, "but if we pour
spectrometer, TAMS, and pin-
samples on the accelerator,
enough infrared radiation on
points the age of ice-core
Wilson says.
it, then we get it very quickly."
samples.
Not only is all available car-
Wilson is principal inves-
by Marilyn Johnson
bon dioxide recovered from
tigator on this five-year,
the ice cores in this process,
$85,000-a-year GISP2 grant
Wilson says, but other atmos-
with Donahue.
pheric gases also may be
"We've had to develop
trapped and made available
techniques to deal with these
for study.
very small samples," Donahue
"There are a lot of clever
says. "When we started, one
things you can do,' Wilson
Scale diagram of Greenland
drilling rig.
17
Answers
From the Sea
S
cientists at UA's visionary
crops for food, fodder and
Environmental Research
fuel. These crops are now
Laboratory have long
farmed on desert sand irri-
viewed desert wastelands as
gated directly with seawater in
lands of opportunity for
Mexico, the United Arab Emi-
feeding the growing world
rates, Egypt and, at least until
population. The off-campus,
recently, Kuwait. ERL re-
non-teaching department
searchers concluded in a feasi-
focuses on developing new
bility study last May that
environmentally sound and
halophytes can do as much,
economical technologies for
perhaps more, than trees
growing food, designing
when it comes to pulling car-
habitat and harnessing solar
bon from the atmosphere.
energy.
This year ERL launched two
Now ERL scientists believe
separate research projects to
that some of their most impor-
test the potential of
tant research will help answer
halophytes for removing ex-
one of the biggest global
cess carbon from the air and
change problems we face:
storing it in organically poor
How can we clean the air of all
desert soil. One project is on
the carbon dioxide pouring
the Gulf of California coast in
out of fossil-fuel-burning
Mexico and is funded by the
power plants and automobile
research arm of the U.S. elec-
tailpipes?
tric power industry, the Elec-
Over the past 12 years, ERL
tric Power Research Institute
plant scientists have screened
(EPRI) in Palo Alto, and by the
more than a thousand salt-
Salt River Project, an Arizona
tolerant plants, or halophytes,
utility and EPRI member. The
gathered in worldwide col-
other project is halfway
lecting expeditions, to
around the world on the Per-
develop choice wild desert
sian Gulf and the Red Sea
species into new domestic
coasts of Saudi Arabia. It is
funded by the kingdom's
Royal Commission for Jubail
and Yanbu. Jubail and Yanbu
are new major industrial cities
developed in the late 1970s,
P MIROCHA 89
respectively, on the Persian
Gulf and the Red Sea as
national centers for the
18
petrochemical and secondary
"sink" for carbon, all that
industries.
forest would have to be cut
"Only 40 years ago, as a re-
down and replanted every
sult of our use of energy, we
couple of decades.
put 6,000 billion tons of car-
Another major drawback:
bon dioxide into the air per
Land for tree plantations is
year. Today, we put more than
land people want for cropland
25,000 billion tons of carbon
or pasture. "People are focus-
dioxide into the air," says ERL
ing on growing trees in the
director Carl N. Hodges. "We
roughly two million square
have forced the carbon cycle
kilometers of tropical forest
of the Earth's atmosphere out
fallow," or land cleared by
of balance. At the rate carbon
slash-and-burn agriculture
dioxide is being added to the
that now is in various stages of
atmosphere now, we will dou-
regrowth, Glenn says. That
ble the carbon dioxide in the
much land would soak up
atmosphere by the year 2030."
about a third of the excess car-
He and Saudi officials re-
Carl Hodges
bon in the atmosphere, but it's
cently agreed to establish two
also just the amount of new
15-acre halophyte farms at
"Re-leafing" some of Earth
accumulated in our atmos-
modern farmland experts pro-
Jubail and Yanbu, farms that
will grow to 150 acres,
with vast tree plantations
phere, and that presents an in-
ject will be needed in the next
perhaps 1,500 acres, over the
could slow, but won't stop,
credible storage problem,"
30 years to support added
the accumulation of carbon in
next four years. The farms will
Glenn says. There are about
world population.
test the carbon-sequestering
the atmosphere, ERL botanist
200 years' worth of fossil fuels
The ERL scientists report it
Edward P. Glenn and other
yet to be burned according to
would be economically and
performance of halophytes on
ERL scientists concluded in
best estimates, and after about
technically feasible to plant
a large scale.
Carbon dioxide is called a
the May feasibility study, "Sea-
200 years, the oceans begin to
halophytes on 17 percent of
the world's coastal desert and
weeds and Halophytes to
absorb the excess carbon
"greenhouse" gas because it
Remove Carbon from the
traps heat in the atmosphere,
dioxide, which explains the
15 percent of Earth's inland
salt desert - a total 1.3 mil-
just as glass traps heat in a
Atmosphere." Glenn headed
length of the problem, he
that study, which was funded
adds. Until then, three tons of
lion square kilometer area, or
greenhouse. If rising levels of
atmospheric carbon dioxide
by EPRI and the Salt River
biomass per person, per year,
roughly the same amount of
do result in a drastic warming
Project, and he heads the
is too much to use up, and
land environmentalists hope
of the Earth, as some scientists
3- year followup laboratory
would have to be somehow
to plant in trees, the land
needed to reduce a third of the
project, Hodges says, the con-
and field project at Puerto
stored - if that much could
annual excess carbon dioxide
Peñasco, Sonora, Mexico, to
sequences for humans would
be planted.
test two methods for planting
How much would have to
emissions. One big advantage
be disastrous. "A global warm-
is that land available for
ing of 4.5 degrees in only four
halophytes to remove carbon
be planted? Covering 15 states
from the air and store it in
the size of Arizona, or the en-
halophyte farming is now not
to five decades would exceed
desert soil.
tire continent of Australia,
wanted or used, Glenn says.
the entire rise in temperature
"You'd need three tons of
since the last ice age. It would
with fast-growing trees would
Another great advantage is
result in reduced rainfall in
biomass (plant material) per
do it. But because trees mature
halophytes are a potential car-
many areas, and a possible
person, per year, for the next
after 20 to 30 years, and so
bon-recycling fuel. "These
200 years to take out the ex-
end their usefulness as a
dramatic rise of the oceans,
which would flood cities on
cess carbon that already has
the world's coasts.
19
plants are used as food and
minor modifications, instead
animal fodder, but their main
burn two-thirds coal and one-
use is they can directly replace
third halophytes for fuel for a
fossil fuel. That's the main use
25 percent net savings in car-
for any biomass crop, because
bon dioxide emission.
it overcomes the storage prob-
Glenn says their new study
lem. When you burn biomass,
with halophytes at ERL
you release carbon dioxide
greenhouses in Tucson and at
into the air, but it's a kind of
an acre field site at Puerto
'current accounts' way of mak-
Peñasco has added relevance
ing electricity," Glenn ex-
to utilities in arid regions,
plains. Which is why respon-
where plentiful salty water
sible members of the utility
and vacant desert land needed
industry - those represented
for halophyte farms so far
in EPRI and in the Salt River
have been regarded as
Project who sponsor research
liabilities. His team hopes to
on climate change and the
get enough information in the
greenhouse effect - are in-
next three years to put a
Edward Glenn
terested, he adds.
halophyte farm-power-
"Say you've got a halophyte
generating utility system into
100%
farm that takes 10 tons of car-
operation.
bon out of the air. It's hauled
Key questions they first
to the electric generating
need to answer in the field
plant, burned, and puts the
trials include the rates at
same 10 tons of carbon back
which various halophytes fix
into the atmosphere. The next
carbon in plant tissue, how
500mw
year, when you repeat that
much carbon in that tissue is
procedure, you are recycling
then stored in desert soil and
that 10 tons of carbon be-
how much is returned to the
tween the atmosphere and the
atmosphere, the net carbon-
farm, then the power plant
removal rate of different
COAL
and the atmosphere, so you're
halophytes, whether carbon is
75%
MINE
not adding an extra burden of
stored more efficiently in dry
100%
carbon to the atmosphere over
or in seawater-irrigated desert,
25%
time. Coal took 200 million
and the role of halophytes in
years to produce. Burning it in
fixing nitrogen in the soil. The
just a few years does add that
lab experiments in Tucson are
500mw
burden to the atmosphere."
designed to answer how
Glenn and others at ERL
quickly these plants decom-
calculate that a typical large-
pose in soils of different
scale coal-burning power
salinities and carbon levels.
plant that now burns 100 per-
Meanwhile, the ERL scien-
cent coal could, with only
tists are collaborating with sci-
COAL
entists at the University Center
MINE
for Atmospheric Research in
67%
HALOPHYTE
Boulder, Colo., on proposals
33%
for future large-scale
halophyte farms, farms large
Schematic of two 500 MW power plants, one fueled with
coal alone and the other with a 2:1 mixture of coal and
halophyte biomass. The coal - halophyte plant results in 25%
less carbon in the atmosphere due to the recycling of carbon
back into biomass.
20
"Only 40 years ago, as a result of our use of energy, we
put 6,000 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air per
year. Today, we put more than 25,000 billion tons of
carbon dioxide into the air. We have forced the carbon
cycle of the Earth's atmosphere out of balance."
A
DISORDER INCREASING DEVELOPMENT (ENTROPY INCREASING)
CO
ONE-HALF CARBON DIOXIDE
co
2
2
ACCUMULATES IN THE ATMOSPHERE
(EARTH WARMS)
co₂
EROSION NUTRIENTS TO THE SEA
NON-ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRIAL CITY
PETROCHEMICAL INPUT
B
ORDERING BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT (OBD) (ENTROPY DECREASING)
co₂
CO2
co
2
NUTRIENTS FROM THE SEA
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRIAL CITY
FOOD AND MATERIALS TO THE INTERIOR
OBD INCREASES FOOD PRODUCTION,HELPS BALANCE THE EARTH'S CARBON CYCLE, AND INCREASES ORDER (REDUCES ENTROPY)
enough to test a predicted
not just a wild idea - there
bon in the air, over years of
"greening effect" on local cli-
are places where this happens
growing you will create local
mate. A leading UCAR scien-
naturally."
rainfall, and when it starts to
tist has modeled the effect of
He adds, "It's just as likely
rain, you can reclaim that soil
planting strips of vegetation
that this optimistic scenario
for freshwater agriculture."
on the desert and theorized
will happen as some of the
Desiccated Africa, with all
the result is increased rain.
pessimistic scenarios will hap-
its salty deserts, would be an
"There's plenty of moisture
pen. They're all just projec-
ideal site for this project,
in the air over a coastal desert,
tions," Glenn says. "You can
Glenn says. That's a future
but there's nothing to help
make the case that if you plant
story, though.
make it rain. The idea is that
halophytes to absorb carbon
strips of vegetation with bare
in the atmosphere to help
by Lori Stiles
desert in between would
solve the greenhouse effect,
create convective cells that
and build up the carbon in the
would take that moisture-
soil as you get rid of the car-
laden air high enough for
clouds to form and rain. It's
21
View
From the Sky
cientists at The Univer-
S
"The 1950s, the height of
sity of Arizona are using
colonial activity, was a wet
satellites and other
period in Africa. People were
remote sensing techniques to
expanding agricultural pro-
develop systems for anticipat-
duction from subsistence to
ing crop failures before they
cash crops, and pushing ag-
become full-blown catas-
riculture into areas where it
trophes. The same studies
probably didn't belong. This
might also help show whether
may sound vaguely familiar if
land use patterns affect cli-
you remember the Dust Bowl
The U.N. Food and Ag-
mate.
in the United States in the
riculture Organization (FAO)
The immediate goal is pre-
1930s.
has been working on early
dicting famine early enough to
"The 1960s, when coun-
warning systems since 1975.
Accurate population data
avoid the kind of devastation
tries were gaining indepen-
Early attempts took a balance
are also difficult to come by,
much of Africa has experi-
dence, was not great for rain-
sheet approach, estimating
so understanding either the
enced during the past decade.
fall. By the 1970s we saw the
crop production, food on
supply or the demand side is
Charles F. Hutchinson, as-
great droughts begin, with the
hand and food imports on the
problematic.
sociate director of the UA Of-
worst coming in 1983.
supply side, and measuring
In 1985, the U.S. Agency
fice of Arid Lands Studies,
Hutchinson says the
against demand to know how
for International Develop-
says Africa has been a "hot
drought of 1983-84 was the
much grain to import.
ment began its Famine Early
spot" of famine-related re-
worst in a century, and caught
The system has problems.
Warning System (FEWS) to
search.
disaster relief agencies by sur-
Gathering production data is
look at the Sahel region. What
difficult since countries have
FEWS had that FAO did not
prise. Their response was
heartfelt and well-meaning,
their own reasons for overes-
was a satellite component re-
but slow.
timating or underestimating
port of what growing condi-
crop size.
tions were like on the ground.
"It isn't forecasting weather,"
says Hutchinson. "FEWS tries
22
to project what the harvest is
based only on precipitation
likely to be. It tracks data over
data," he says.
the current growing season,
Cumulative data can be
looking at precipitation values
used to show where the cur-
over ten day periods (called
rent growing season is com-
decades).
pared to last year or other
"Using water balance mod-
years.
els to estimate the amount of
In addition to FEWS, the
water available for plant
Dutch government started
growth, you look at what has
their own project, the Africa
happened in the period.
Real Time Environmental
"From that, you can pro-
Monitoring Using Imaging
duce a kind of generalized
Satellites, or ARTEMIS.
crop condition assessment,
"ARTEMIS began produc-
and make predictions on
ing data sets for the entire Af-
whether it is going to be a
rican continent, including
good season or a bad season
vegetation index images, cold
Charles F. Hutchinson
Down
our needs are, and then send
that band plants appear dark
of a fence built 75 years ago to
a guy to sample where we
and soil appears bright. Plants
separate the two countries.
To Earth
need samples."
also reflect in the infrared
Hutchinson assumes that
Hutchinson says the idea
band, much more than the
when the fence was built, the
that satellites can see just
green band, but since human
border was an artificial deline-
about everything in detail
eyes are not sensitive to in-
ation, and had no effect on cli-
e use remote sens-
"W
from space is a little exagger-
frared, what we see is green.
mate or land use.
ing as a tool for
ated. "Birds," as they are infor-
The remote sensing scien-
Today, however, an in-
ground sampling,"
mally referred to, are invalu-
tist computes the ratio by
frared photograph from space
Charles F. Hutchinson, the
able tools in studying climate
dividing the value for red into
shows two distinct vegetation
associate director of the Office
change, but they have their
the infrared - the higher the
patterns, separated by a line
of Arid Lands Studies at The
limitations.
number, the more vegetation
that corresponds precisely to
University of Arizona.
One is estimating biomass
on the ground.
the border.
"In the kind of work we do
on the Earth's surface.
There are exceptions.
From far away, the grass ap-
in assessing rangeland and ag-
Scientists use satellite data to
One can be found near Tuc-
pears greener on the Mexican
ricultural resources, at some
estimate biomass, and Hutch-
son, close to the twin cities of
side. During the growing sea-
point you have to go on the
inson says a frequently used
Nogales, Ariz., U.S.A. and
son, the Sonoran side appears
ground and see what's hap-
technique is calculating a ratio
Nogales, Son., Mexico.
much more photosyntheti-
pening.
between reflectance in the red
Hutchinson recently
cally active than the Arizona
"We can draw large, broad-
part of the light spectrum
finished a study of the range-
side.
brush units with satellite data,
against the infrared part of the
land within ten kilometers of
The paradox becomes evi-
refine those data with video or
spectrum.
the international border at
dent when you observe the re-
35 mm photography from an
Plants absorb red light to
Nogales. The study was de-
gion from the ground.
airplane, depending on what
use in photosynthesis, so in
signed to measure the impact
Hutchinson says the
23
"Can land use influence climate?
We're finding out that it does."
cloud duration images derived
"The poor devils at GIEWS
about this problem that there
"We figured there were
from a meteorological satel-
are under the gun to publish
are about seven different
about 100 different file trans-
lite, and estimated number of
reports every two weeks,
software packages GIEWS
fer routines they would need.
rainfall days based on cold
when others only have to do
analysts need to do their job,
Between the 100 file transfer
cloud duration," says Hutch-
reports every month or even
including Word Perfect,
routines and the seven
inson.
three months.
Lotus, data base management,
software packages and all the
ARTEMIS has also begun
"Generally, they are
map data, map graphics, and
files they were creating, it was
shipping its data to the Global
economists or food security
so on.
obvious they weren't going
Informational Early Warning
experts. They are not compu-
"When you have that many
anywhere.
System (GIEWS), which is
ter jocks, or remote sensors or
software packages, you also
Our proposal was to create
looking at global climate mod-
meteorologists."
have geometrically larger
a work station geared to their
els.
Frustration levels rose on
numbers of file transfer
specific needs."
The problem, says Hutch-
both sides. ARTEMIS protested
routines to move data be-
Hutchinson succeeded in
inson, is that the people at
that GIEWS was ignoring per-
tween the packages. You have
selling the idea to FAO and is
GIEWS do not have the tech-
fectly good data. GIEWS com-
to move data, for example,
just now finishing the design
nical capability to handle the
plained that they did not have
from Lotus into the geographic
phase. The fun and challeng-
volumes of data that AR-
the time to make sense of it all.
information system to make
ing part, he says, is actually
TEMIS dumps on them.
"We came along, worried
a map.
building the system, which
will be located in Rome.
"Up until now, it sounds
like a straightforward data
processing job that you hire a
couple of programmers to do.
canopy in Mexico during the
Water, he says, is another
mals running on it. The Sono-
"The problem is no one
season is two or three inches
key factor.
ran side is overstocked by as
knows yet how to use these
above the surface, and only
Both sides still receive
much as 200 percent.
data in a useful, consistent
covers between 30 and 40 per-
about the same amount of
"The Arizona side is under-
and scientific way. There is
cent of the ground.
rainfall. A significant amount
utilized. The land is in private
going to be a substantial
On the Arizona side, the
of what falls on the Arizona
ranches and the ranchers are
amount of research in estab-
coverage is nearly 100 percent
side is absorbed by the plants
very prudent managers."
lishing the best way to use
and the canopy is almost a
and is cycled back to the at-
Hutchinson has submitted
these data. People are still de-
meter off the ground.
mosphere.
a proposal to the National
bating whether or not this is
"What we learned was the
Rainfall on the Sonoran side
Aeronautics and Space Ad-
the best way to do it."
Mexican side appears greener
largely runs off into the Santa
ministration (NASA) to work
because you can see it growing
Cruz River Basin and into
with the UA tree ring labora-
by Jeff Harrison
at the surface.
Arizona.
tory on earlier records.
"The Arizona side is a pe-
"Can land use influence
Hutchinson surmises that if
rennial grass that grows, puts
climate?" asks Hutchinson.
these changes existed, they
out leaves, and at the end of
"We're finding that it does.
probably happened 1840-90,
the season, dies. At the begin-
"The result may be small,
when herds were increasing in
ning of the next growing sea-
and locally it may have some
Arizona and removing a lot of
son, there is a brown canopy.
significance. It can be as much
vegetation. It is possible, he
The plants green up under-
as four degrees Centigrade
says, there might be a signal in
neath all this stuff, but you
warmer in Sonora.
the tree ring record toward an
can't see it. And, as it turns
"This is all rangeland, so it
increase in temperature.
out, there is a great deal more
is based on the number of ani-
biomass on the Arizona side."
by Jeff Harrison
24
A
nyone who has peered
serving System (EOS) satel-
into a petri dish and
lites beginning in 1998. Pres-
watched once-thriving
ent plans call for two series of
bacteria pay the ultimate price
polar-orbiting platforms:
for a dirty environment
EOS-A and EOS-B. The 15-
squirms a bit when conversa-
year observational period will
tion turns to global change.
be achieved by using three
Is our own little petri dish,
identical satellites per series,
circling its tiny yellow sun, in
each having a five-year flight.
similar trouble? What are the
When these high-tech birds
ultimate effects of greenhouse
begin sending data back to
gases, acid rain, deforestation,
Earth, University of Arizona
and ozone holes?
scientists will play a big role.
So far, it's anyone's guess.
With world-class expertise in
Despite our sophisticated
optics, remote sensing, and
technology, scientists have
hydrology, UA researchers sit
been unable to accurately pre-
at the hub of scientific disci-
dict the consequences of
plines that fit well into the
human actions on the rate of
EOS project.
global change, the magnitude
- Philip N. Slater, of the
of that change or when it
Optical Sciences Center and
might happen.
chairman of the UA Commit-
They just don't have the
tee on Remote Sensing, is an
data.
expert in calibration of remote
Which is the reason NASA
sensing instruments, and one
EOS
and its international partners
of the key people NASA turns
plan to launch six Earth Ob-
to for such work. He is work-
Earth
Observing
System
Borral
Philip N. Slater
25
"What we get from remote sensing at this point are
electromagnetic signals. The question is, 'What do these
little wiggly lines mean in terms of soil moisture, canopy,
vegetation cover and topographic features?' We want to
get the algorithms that convert these signals into useful
information in place before the first launch."
ing on two of the instruments
being flown over the Walnut
that will ride the spacecraft.
Gulch experimental water-
- Alfredo Huete, of soil
shed, operated by USDA's
and water science, is working
Agricultural Research Service.
on the portion of the project
This area is filled with gauges
dealing with the interactions
that measure rainfall, stream
between vegetation, soil, and
flow, soil moisture, and other
organic carbon.
factors that influence the
- Benjamin M. Herman, of
hydrologic cycle.
UA's Institute of Atmospheric
"What we get from remote
Physics, will be studying at-
sensing at this point are elec-
mospheric gases.
tromagnetic signals," Soroo-
- The National Academy
shian said. "The question is,
of Science's Committee on
'what do these little wiggly
Global Change has identified
lines mean in terms of soil
climate and hydrologic sys-
moisture, canopy, vegetation
tems as the most important
cover, and topographic fea-
area of study that EOS will
tures?' We want to get the
undertake, and UA is particu-
algorithms that convert these
larly well suited to provide
signals into useful information
vital expertise in this area.
in place before the first
The UA Department of Hy-
launch."
drology and Water Resources,
Sorooshian noted that
founded in 1961, was one of
much of this calibration effort
the first of its kind in the
Soroosh Sorooshian
is being coordinated by Ad-
world, and has continued to
junct Assistant Professor
be a leader in the study of hy-
David Goodrich, David
Research that will use EOS
drology, particularly of arid
Earth. Water also governs the
Woolhiser, Huete and many
regions. Department head
data for modeling on global
location and level of agricul-
graduate students. Goodrich
Soroosh Sorooshian and Pro-
and regional scales.
ture, energy production, and
and Woolhiser are employees
fessor Robert E. Dickinson
Another hydrology depart-
industry.
of the Agricultural Research
head two of the 28 inter-
ment researcher, Roger C.
Although EOS is not
Service.
disciplinary teams NASA has
Bales, is working with a group
scheduled to fly until 1998,
Once the satellites begin
appointed to analyze data
from the University of Califor-
scientific work on the project
sending back data, Soroo-
nia at Santa Barbara on EOS
from the spacecraft. Dickin-
already is underway, Soroo-
shian's group will focus first at
son (who came to UA only this
observations of alpine water-
shian explained.
the watershed level to be sure
fall with a triple appointment
sheds, snow cover, and the
His group has started flying
everything is working well.
in hydrology, atmospheric sci-
bio-geochemical interactions
remote sensing instruments
Then they will move on to
ences and the Laboratory for
of mountainous regions.
on various aircraft. Research-
larger and larger areas, con-
Much EOS work will focus
Tree Ring Research) heads the
ers on this project are taking
on water because the redis-
no chances on another Hub-
stantly tweaking their models
a project for the National
to be sure they accurately rep-
Center for Atmospheric
tribution of heat that governs
ble Space Telescope debacle.
resent the real world as the
the Earth's climate depends
"We want to see how we can
scale increases.
largely on the transport, evap-
calibrate the information we
Meanwhile, a group of
oration, condensation, and
get from the remote sensing
French scientists will be doing
freezing of water, as well as
instruments to what we see on
the role water plays in trap-
the ground,' he said.
ping radiation that warms the
For these calibration exper-
iments, the instruments are
26
is not subject to errors that
Although the sensors and
would be introduced by
spacecraft are sophisticated
gathering it in different places
and complex, the project is
at different times. "From a
made up of proven
scientific point of view, it is
technologies, which means
wise to get as many of the
that EOS will not be a major
instruments as you can on a
engineering experiment like
single platform so the infor-
the Hubble was.
mation flows together," he
"We have quite a lot of
said.
experience with this type of
Separate spacecraft dedi-
mission, Sorooshian said. "We
cated to a single facet of the
have had the LANDSAT satel-
problem are not likely to come
lites, the French have had
up with the answers needed,
SPOT, and spy satellites have
Sorooshian added. "When we
capabilities beyond both of
talk about hydrology in the
those. It is a proven
EOS era, it is no longer a dis-
technology."
Benjamin M. Herman
cipline in itself," he said. "We
Scientists hope it is a
have to look at its interlinkage
technology that will give us a
similar work top-down, start-
But, he added, there are
with the carbon cycle, the bio-
view of our blue-green petri
ing with a large area of north-
geochemical cycle, the nitro-
dish from the outside, and,
good reasons for the project to
ern Africa, and then focusing
be a big one, for all the instru-
gen cycle. These things are all
perhaps, the knowledge to
in on ever-smaller areas. "We
ments to be together. Gather-
tied together. You cut down
constructively guide its future.
hope that our results will
ing the data at the same time
vegetation, and you affect the
closely correlate as we meet in
from the same point is vital, he
hydrologic cycle. But cutting
by Ed Stiles
the middle," Sorooshian said.
said. This allows data to be
the vegetation is part of the
EOS is a big, expensive proj-
compared and shared be-
bio-geochemical cycle."
ect slated to cost $17 billion
tween experiments because it
by the year 2000. The instru-
ment-packed platform, longer
than the Hubble scope, will
weigh 7,700 pounds and will
provide 3.2 kilowatts of
EOS at Work
power to the payload.
The project is not without
its detractors, who think it's
too big, too complex and too
T
he Earth constantly
Aeronautics and Space Ad-
various sensors on EOS' four
communicates informa-
ministration's 15-year Earth
Earth-orbiting platforms.
costly, particularly in view of
tion about its changing
Observing System (EOS) mis-
"Information from the sur-
the top-to-bottom scrutiny of
surface with either reflected or
sion to monitor the Earth's en-
face of the Earth comes in the
NASA in the wake of Hubble
emitted energy. Remote sens-
vironment. NASA selected
form of reflected energy from
and repeated shuttle break-
ing expert Alfredo Huete is
Huete and six other UA re-
the sun, or through emitted
downs. Budget director Dick
part of a global effort to better
searchers in March 1989 to
energy, such as temperature,"
Darman, for instance, has pri-
understand what the planet is
participate in the mission.
Huete says. "Images from
vately called EOS "the $34
saying.
Huete is principal inves-
satellite data are two-
billion thermometer."
Huete, a University of
tigator on a project to develop
dimensional representations
"I think this criticism is a
Arizona associate professor of
more accurate and reliable
of the watts of energy that hit
healthy process," Sorooshian
soil and water science, is one
means of interpreting data
said. "It keeps the project
of more than 500 scientists
that will be transmitted by
planners alert, to be sure they
participating in the National
have covered every angle."
27
"Information from the surface of the Earth comes in the
form of reflected energy from the sun or through emitted
energy such as temperature. Images from satellite data
are two-dimensional representation of the watts of
energy that hit satellite sensors from a particular
location on Earth."
satellite sensors from a par-
team will be concentrating on
ticular location on Earth."
finding test sites where we can
Satellite sensors are equipped
do ground-based validation of
with filters that allow them to
the satellite system."
"see" the visible, infrared,
One test site has been estab-
thermal and microwave por-
lished in Niger, West Africa,
tions of the electromagnetic
where, due to its particular
spectrum. The information is
sensitivity to environmental
digitized, radioed back to Earth
changes, numerous interna-
in pixels, the tiny elements
tional research projects al-
that make up the image pro-
ready are in place.
duced by a television camera,
Huete will spend the sum-
and converted into various
mer of 1992 in Niger coor-
geophysical maps.
dinating preliminary work.
But "when you are getting
"Everything will be set up
an energy measurement from
as if we were going to go
each of these pixels, it's never
through the whole ground
just from plants or soil alone,"
validation of the satellite sys-
Huete says. "It's a mixed signal
tem," he says. "We'll set up a
from both plants and soil. You
weather station and measure
want to be able to manipulate
soil moisture, vegetation pro-
the data so that you either
duction, evapotranspiration
extract the vegetation-
and land temperature. Then,
reflected signal or the soil-
using the satellites already in
reflected signal. If you want to
Alfredo Huete
space, we'll try to simulate
know how much water is
what the MODIS sensor will
being transpired from the veg-
do under a series of worse-
etation surface, you have to
the soil signal as well as that of
will be able to produce maps
case scenarios that should tax
the vegetation. This kind of
that will indicate vegetation
eliminate the soil effect and
activity on any part of the
the system to its limit."
fine-tuning of satellite infor-
vice-versa."
mation will be critical to the
planet. We're making sure we
Ideally, the MODIS team
His place on the EOS mis-
would like to establish 20
efficiency of MODIS, the sen-
have all this dirty work com-
sion is due largely to the SAVI
sor Huete will be using on the
pleted before the launch."
ground-based test sites
he developed.
The Soil-Adjusted Vegeta-
EOS project. MODIS, the
The EOS project now is in
around the world, but budget
Moderate Resolution Imaging
its first year. This "definition
realities will probably allow
tion Index is a refined version
period" is spent in meetings
for just six or seven sites.
of a long-used method of in-
Spectrometer, will determine
Huete also is a co-inves-
terpreting satellite data to
tropical deforestation, the
with team members, other
effects of acid rain, the process
teams and writing funding
tigator on another EOS proj-
measure vegetation density.
ect with UA hydrologist,
of land degradation and the
proposals.
He spent about four years
Soroosh Sorooshian. Soroo-
distribution of phytoplankton
Huete says NASA is stress-
showing that the Normalized
in the oceans.
ing that team members be able
shian's project will examine
Difference Vegetation Index,
"When NASA launches its
to validate their work.
the hydrology and climate in
or NDVI, needs to be im-
arid and semiarid lands.
proved. NDVI provides a dis-
satellites in 1998," Huete says,
"Once the instruments are
"all the equations, computer
in space, we will need to know
torted image of vegetation
if they are giving accurate in-
by Jan McCoy
activity because it responds to
code and programs have to be
implemented so, rather than
formation,' he says. "So, in the
turning raw data over to the
next six months, the MODIS
scientific community, NASA
28
Statistics and Data
S
tatistics can prove to be
Myers and 11 graduate stu-
whether other chemicals
areas to do their work.
as vital as sunscreen in
dents have been working on a
characteristic of a lake affected
"I'm not a chemist, a soil
Arizona - or only as
segment of that study, trying
by acid rain will appear in the
physicist, a geologist or a hy-
suggestive as a bikini.
to ascertain statistically
water.
drologist," he says, "but I've
The level of usefulness
whether there are clusters of
This finding surprised
had to learn the language and
often hinges as much on the
similarity in the chemistry of
them, Myers says, since pH
terminology of these fields."
data provided the statistician
lakes considered highly sus-
normally is used to indicate
Myers currently is working
as on the need for information
ceptible to acid-rain pollution.
acidity. But the chemists will
on two other environmental
that provokes the research.
They have recently completed
have to deal with why this is
studies: a survey of the extent
In the case of acid rain and
one segment, a study of lakes
so, he adds, because "the data
to which humans have ac-
questions about how it affects
in the Adirondack Mountains
doesn't provide that kind of
cumulated toxic substances
the environment, the need to
in northeastern New York.
information."
that may be byproducts of
know is crucial. Acid rain
For the eastern-lakes survey,
Levels of acid neutralization
pesticides or herbicides in
results from heavy sulfur
Myers and his students ascer-
factor also help predict
their bodies; and an analysis
emissions emitted by power
tained that out of 26 interre-
whether nearby lakes have
of tree-ring data and drought
plants and heavy industries.
lated chemical factors that
been affected by acid rain,
cycles.
The emissions react in the at-
could influence acidity of the
Myers says.
Myers says he expects to
mosphere to produce precipi-
water, the "acid neutralization
Geostatisticians deal with
continue working on the EPA
tation with high levels of acid.
factor," or amount of bicarbo-
data that is located in space,
acid-rain study; the next
Acid rain can kill fish, plants
nate in samples, proves most
Myers says, so they have to
phase covers lakes in the west-
and trees.
important. It helps predict
delve into a variety of subject
ern United States.
Donald E. Myers, Univer-
sity of Arizona mathematics
by Marilyn Johnson
professor, conducts geostatis-
tical research on acid rain for
Ned,
the U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency.
Questions abound around
Dec
the issue. In Myers' case, the
EPA wants to know about pat-
terns in the way acid rain
affects lakes. The EPA
initiated a national water sur-
vey in 1983 to assess the
chemistry of lakes across the
United States. The survey was
part of a National Acid Pre-
cipitation Assessment Pro-
gram conducted from 1980 to
this year. The sweeping pro-
gram, mandated by Congress,
was carried out by a number
of federal agencies, including
the EPA.
Donald E. Myers
29
From Research
To Teaching
A
S the interdisciplinary
The UA proposal was one of
field of "Earth Systems
five selected for funding out of
Sciences" emerges as a
26 reviewed by USRA.
focus of scientific research and
In the spring of 1989 the
inquiry, several scientists at
UA Coordinating Committee
The University of Arizona are
on Global Change began de-
forecasting the need for both
veloping several Earth system
more scientists and an in-
science courses. More are in
formed non-scientific public.
the planning stages. The first
To that end, a team headed
course offered was "Global
by UA tree ring scientist Lisa
Change," taught by Graum-
Graumlich has devised an in-
lich. It was offered in spring
terdisciplinary curriculum
1990, and the second course,
that will give undergraduate
"Monitoring Biosphere Pro-
and graduate students an op-
cesses," taught by Huete, was
portunity to learn more about
started in the fall 1990 semes-
Earth System Sciences.
ter.
"This course work repre-
Graumlich describes her
Lisa Graumlich
sents truly interdisciplinary
course as being for "a broad
cooperation," Graumlich says.
range of students who have
It represents scientists from
varying fields of expertise."
Change and Earth Systems," is
exhibit such complex feed-
hydrology, soil sciences, geo-
"The course is structured so
in the planning stages. Huete,
backs whereby a change in
that initially I give a number of
Entekhabi and Parrish will
sciences, atmospherics and
one part of the system affects
lectures presenting basic con-
teach the course.
the Laboratory for Tree Ring
another part of the system
Research
cepts. As the course proceeds
Graumlich describes Earth
which in turn causes changes
Graumlich, along with UA
the students interact in such a
Systems Science as "an emerg-
in the original variable. Such
scientists Robert E. Dickinson,
way that they share knowl-
ing way of studying the entire
feedbacks exist on a multitude
atmospheric physics; Dara
edge from their respective
Earth system by seeking to un-
of temporal and spatial scales
Entekhabi, hydrology and
disciplinary backgrounds.
derstand the interrelation-
and represent one of the
water resources; Alfredo
The multi-disciplinary ex-
ships between its component
biggest challenges in the effort
Huete, soil and water science;
change increases the breadth
parts and the nature of its var-
to understand and model
Malcolm Hughes, director of
of the course's content and ex-
iability on all timescales".
Earth systems.
the Laboratory for Tree Ring
poses students to a wealth of
For example, discussions
Those changes in turn may
on the nature of climate and
Research; Judith Totman Par-
ideas and approaches,"
have feedback effects that may
rish, geosciences; and Soroosh
vegetation change in the arid
further alter both climate and
Graumlich says.
Sorooshian, head of hydrol-
Parrish started an honors
Southwest might include a
vegetation, Graumlich says.
ogy and water resources; pre-
seminar in the fall 1990 titled
discussion of how changes in
"What happens in class is
pared a proposal for funding
"Hot and Cold, Wet and Dry,
vegetation alter the albedo or
(students) try to develop mod-
accepted by the Universities
Climate and Earth History."
reflectivity of the land surface
els for how all these systems
Dickinson, Sorooshian and
which in turn affects the cli-
Space Research Association
work together. It is very im-
(USRA), sponsored by the
Hughes will conduct a
mate of the land surface.
portant to try to determine
U.S. National Aeronautics and
graduate seminar in Earth Sys-
Vegetation change also af-
how sensitive a system is. In
Space Administration.
tem Science beginning in
fects the patterns of rainfall in-
other words, what is the de-
spring 1991. A survey course
filtration leading to changes in
gree to which a change in one
for both science and non-
soil moisture and changes in
component changes another
science majors, "Global
stream channel morphology
component?,' she asks.
and these changes in climate
and soil moisture can result in
by Dennis St. Germaine
further changes in vegetation.
Environmental systems often
30
Directory:
Charles M. Amling
Dara Entekhabi Ph.D.
Carl N. Hodges
Philip N. Slater, Ph.D
Research Glass Blower
Hydrology and Water
Director, Environmental
Optical Sciences Center
Chemistry
Resources
Research Laboratory
Chairperson, UA Committee
621-3463
621-8787
741-1990
on Remote Sensing
621-4242
Victor R. Baker, Ph.D
Edward P. Glenn III, Ph.D
Alfredo R. Huete, Ph.D
Geosciences and Planetary
Environmental Research
Soil and Water Science
Soroosh Sorooshian, Ph.D
Sciences
Laboratory
621-3228
Head, Dept. of Hydrology
621-6003
741-1990
and Water Resources
Malcolm K. Hughes, Ph.D.
621-7120
Roger C. Bales, Ph.D
David Goodrich, Ph.D
Director, Tree Ring Laboratory
Department of Hydrology
USDA Agricultural Research
Coordinating Committee
Robert G. Strom, MS
and Water Resources
Service
on Global Change Chair
Lunar and Planetary
621-7113
670-6481
621-2191
Laboratory
621-2720
Steven K. Croft, Ph.D
LisaJ. Graumlich, Ph.D.
Charles F. Hutchinson, Ph.D.
Senior Research Associate
Tree Ring Laboratory
Associate Director, Office
Alexander T. Wilson, Ph.D
Lunar and Planetary
621-6465
of Arid Lands
Geosciences
Laboratory
621-7896
621-2117
621-6963
Donald A. Graybill Ph.D.
Tree Ring Laboratory
Austin Long, Ph.D
Robert E. Dickinson, Ph.D
David Woolhiser, Ph.D
621-2945
Geosciences
Atmospheric Sciences
USDA Agricultural Research
621-2191
Laboratory for Isotope
Service
Institute of Atmospheric
Geochemistry
670-6481
Physics
Virginia C. Gulick,
621-8888
621-2810
Jeffrey S. Kargel,
Goro Komatsu,
Donald E. Myers, Ph.D
Douglas J. Donahue, Ph.D
Graduate students,
Department of Mathematics
Physics
Lunar and Planetary
621-6859
Co-director, UA office,
Laboratory
National Science Foundation
621-6963
Judith Totman Parrish Ph.D.
Arizona Accelerator Facility
Geosciences
for Radioisotope Analysis
Benjamin M. Herman, Ph.D
621-4595 or
621-2480
Atmospheric Sciences
621-6024
Institute of Atmospheric
Physics
621-6846
31
Summary of
Support Received
Fiscal Year July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1990
Instruction
$ 6,464,511
Research
149,400,326
Public Service
3,798,516
Academic Support
5,525,311
Student Services
8,842,590
Institutional Support
611,568
Total
$174,642,822
Support Totals by College, Faculty and Administrative Division
College/Department
Instruction
Research
Public
Academic
Student
Institutional
Total
Service
Support
Services
Support
Amount
Agriculture, College of
AG Experiment Station Research
6,803
6,803
Agricultural Economics Research
8,500
193,375
5,951
207,826
Agricultural Education
777
398
1,175
Agricultural Education Research
2,945
22,246
25,191
Agricultural Engineering
322,077
322,077
Agriculture Administration
10,000
22,397
16,055
10,156
58,608
Agriculture Development
13,273
13,273
Animal Sciences Research
1,083,958
120,050
10,000
1,214,008
Arboretum Affairs
78,574
108,500
187,074
Arid Lands Studies
800
1,176,915
1,000
1,178,715
Biochemistry - College of Agriculture
173,906
173,906
Cooperative Extension Service
11,997
11,997
County Office - Pima
164,000
164,000
County Office - Pinal
9,700
9,700
County Office - Yuma
5,450
5,450
Entomology Public Service
27,000
27,000
Entomology Research
1,019,371
1,164
1,020,535
Family and Consumer Resources
96,562
361,304
1,000
458,866
Family and Consumer Resources Extension
51,665
51,665
International Programs
1,489,641
1,489,641
Maricopa Agricultural Center
262,649
1,625
264,274
Natural Resources Rural
Devel - Public Service
28,000
28,000
Nutrition and Food Science Research
504,138
504,138
Plant Pathology Research
266,410
800
267,210
Plant Sciences Public Service
84,820
4,000
88,820
Plant Sciences Research
1,797,229
250
1,422
1,798,901
Renewable Natural Resources Research
1,525,909
250
1,526,159
Safford Farm Rsch
200
200.00
Soils and Water Science Research
522,210
522,210
Veterinary Science
1,000,051
1,000,051
Yuma Agriculture Center
29,700
100
29,800
Yuma Farm
12,025
12,025
Agriculture, College of
119,584
12,062,720
306,125
143,854
26,015
11,000
12,669,298
Architecture, College of
127,739
18,453
7,000
32,000
185,192
Arts & Sciences Administration
8,000
8,000
32
Support Totals by College, Faculty and Administrative Division
College/Department
Instruction
Research
Public
Academic
Student
Institutional
Total
Service
Support
Services
Support
Amount
Business and Public Administration
500
2,026,586
24,854
110,260
74,277
2,236,477
Education, College of
1,402,404
1,006,216
26,622
533
9,690
2,445,465
Engineering and Mines, College of
Aerospace/Mechan Engr
1,334,024
5,400
27,000
1,366,424
Chemical Engineering
205,055
11,960
14,875
231,890
Civil Engr/Engr Mechan
962,167
3,200
965,367
Elec/Computer Engr
2,500
3,556,046
284,948
24,500
25,000
3,892,994
Engineering Experiment Station
2,741,480
25,365
600
2,767,445
Engr/Mines Coll Admin
188,000
334,500
58,849
581,349
Hydrology/Water Res
1,341,380
5,310
1,346,690
Materials Sci/Engr
1,231,008
59,828
1,290,836
Mining/Geological Engr
602
1,019,476
9,681
947
1,030,706
Nuclear/Energy Engr
296,811
296,811
Systems/Indus Engr
503,542
503,542
Water Resources Research Center
106,316
184
2,000
108,500
Engineering and Mines, College of
3,102
13,485,305
740,376
128,771
25,000
14,382,554
Fine Arts, Faculty of
7,000
190,771
3,550
201,321
General Departments
Intercollegiate Athletics
625,757
63,664
689,421
Military Aerospace
315
315.00
Graduate College
167,300
118,710
286,010
Humanities, Faculty of
491,970
367,835
1,105
7,500
868,410
Law, College of
57,507
57,507
Medicine, College of
2,365,869
49,625,475
856,601
2,075,873
63,538
42,230
55,029,586
Nursing, College of
19,344
1,268,600
67,373
1,355,317
Office of the VP for Business Affairs
170,838
5,125
1,225
177,188
Pharmacy, College of
10,000
3,038,205
9,500
62,688
12,000
3,132,393
33
Support Totals by College, Faculty and Administrative Division
College/Department
Instruction
Research
Public
Academic
Student
Institutional
Total
Service
Support
Services
Support
Amount
Sciences, Faculty of
Atmospheric Physics, Institute of
342,607
22,500
365,107
Biochemistry Main Campus
1,966,174
1,636
1,967,810
Chemistry
222,168
5,044,778
11,299
12,325
5,290,570
Computer Science
2,168,487
51,300
2,219,787
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
958,650
2,361
961,011
Flandrau Planetarium
18,765
25,000
43,765
Geosciences
1,840,485
31,197
10,000
1,881,682
Lunar and Planetary Laboratory
40,130
9,955,133
125
9,995,388
Mathematics
242,435
1,265,752
186
7,000
1,515,373
Microbiology/Immunology Main Campus
363,236
363,236
Molecular/Cellular Biology Main Campus
1,319,027
15,413
1,334,440
Multiple Mirror Telescope Observatory
372,910
372,910
Physics
170,411
2,632,016
2,802,427
Sciences Faculty Administration
144
144.00
Speech and Hearing Sciences
306,177
1,140,047
52
1,446,276
Steward Observatory
440,875
18,662,030
37,364
19,140,269
Tree Ring Laboratory
322,140
495
4,610
327,245
Senior VP for Academic Affairs & Provost
Academic Computing
37,036
37,036
Arizona State Museum
308,444
4,275
312,719
Art Museum
3,985
65,410
3,200
72,595
Centr for Computing/Info Tech
20,379
4,000
24,379
Exercise and Sport Sciences
33,747
1,286,988
2,000
1,445
1,324,180
Health Education
4,050
4,050
Library
9,000
155,111
149,367
313,478
Media and Instructional Services
1,512,669
1,512,669
Medical Technology Program
40,000
50
40,050
Optical Sciences Center
28,994
9,009,381
19,000
8,300
9,065,675
School of Health Related Professions
56,694
34,395
91,089
Technical Services
26,118
26,118
Udall Center
131,000
131,000
University Press
500
500.00
Social/Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of
American Indian Studies
11,996
11,996
Anthropology
330,667
3,361
11,700
401
346,129
Bur. Applied Research in Anthropology
292,204
100
292,304
34
Support Totals by College, Faculty and Administrative Division
College/Department
Instruction
Research
Public
Academic
Student
Institutional
Total
Service
Support
Services
Support
Amount
Center for Middle Eastern Studies
137,842
36,100
173,942
Communication
321,159
9,000
330,159
Geography and Regional Development
6,099
6,099
Graduate Library School
21,342
21,342
History
500
50
550.00
Journalism
21,691
1,000
22,691
Latin American Area Center
63,429
63,429
Linguistics
169,963
169,963
Mexican American Studies
132,606
26,210
225
159,041
Oriental Studies
85,044
37,000
122,044
Philosophy
24,704
24,704
Political Science
47,576
47,576
Psychology
1,045,777
63,257
1,109,034
Russian and Soviet Studies
117,242
2,607
119,849
Social and Behavioral Sciences Admin
1,000
1,000
Social/Behavioral Sciences Research
Institute
62,004
9,990
71,994
Sociology
138,946
138,946
Southwest Studies Center
198
198.00
Women's Studies
30,965
6,400
4,950
2,000
44,315
Social/Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of
546,801
2,525,374
63,982
125,849
14,700
599
3,277,305
Vice President Undergraduate Affairs
6,000
6,000
Vice President Planning and Budgeting
15,517
13,845
29,362
Vice President Research
20,000
4,782,842
22,764
4,825,606
Vice President Student Affairs
30,000
9,800
921
4,117,070
4,157,791
Vice President University Relations
& Development
Community and Public Service
40,000
1,225
41,225
Cultural Affairs, Office of
162,762
162,762
Development Office
15,000
919,268
4,103,741
397,330
5,435,339
GRAND TOTALS
6,464,511
149,400,326
3,798,516
5,525,311
8,842,590
611,568
174,642,822
35
Credits
Articles published in The University
Arizona Board of Regents
of Arizona Report on Research may be
Esther N. Capin, president
reprinted without special permission.
Credit will be appreciated.
Esther N. Capin
Edith S. Auslander
Published by
Herman Chanen
Office of the Vice President
Andrew D. Hurwitz
for Research
Eddie Basha
Michael A. Cusanovich,
Donald Pitt
vice president for research and
Art Chapa
dean of the graduate college
Douglas J. Wall
Danny Siciliano, student regent
Charles A. Geoffrion,
associate vice president for research
Ex Officio:
Rose Mofford, Governor of Arizona
Editorial inquiries and comments
Editor:
C. Diane Bishop, State
should be sent to:
Dennis D. St. Germaine
Superintendent of Public
Editor, Report on Research
Manager, University Publications:
Instruction
Office of Public Information
Office of Public Information
The University of Arizona
Tucson, Arizona 85721
Writers:
(602) 621-1877
Lori Stiles,
Office of Public Information
Jeff Harrison,
Office of Public Information
Dennis D. St. Germaine,
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Marilyn Johnson,
Faculty of Science
Jan McCoy,
Agricultural Communications
Design:
Lee Barker, UA Graphic Services
Photography:
Bill Keller, UA Graphic Services
Lori Stiles,
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The University of Arizona is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action
employer in compliance with Title
VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
the educational amendments of
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36
Vice President for Research
Nonprofit Org.
601 Administration Building
US Postage
The University of Arizona
PAID
Tucson, Arizona 85721
Permit No. 190
Tucson, Arizona
Address Correction
Requested
A
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
June 4, 1991
Dear Professor Guruswamy:
Thank you for your letter of May 17, 1991, inviting me to give the opening address at
your Conference on Energy and The Environment: Intersecting Global Issues
scheduled for January 17-18, 1992. I apologize for the much belated response.
As much as I would like to join you at the conference, I have a long-standing
commitment on those dates, so I must regretfully decline.
I appreciate your thinking of me and would like to offer my best wishes for a
successful conference.
Sincerely yours,
Dman D. Allan Bromley Branley
The Assistant to the President
for
Science and Technology
Professor Lakshman D. Guruswamy
College of Law
The University of Arizona
Tucson, Arizona 85721