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Global Change Research Institutes [1991]
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
2005-0336-F
2005-0336-F
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Science and Technology Policy, Office of (OSTP)
Series:
Bromley, D. Allan, Files
Subseries:
Global Climate Change Files
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62052
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62052-010
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Global Change Research Institutes [1991]
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O
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
May 7, 1991
MEMORANDUM TO CHASE UNTERMEYER
Anan
FROM:
D. ALLAN BROMLEY
SUBJECT:
WORKSHOP IN PUERTO RICO TO DEVELOP PLANS FOR
A WESTERN HEMISPHERE GLOBAL CHANGE
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
You may recall that the concept of a regional global change institute was proposed
during the White House Conference on the Science and Economics of Global Change last
April. During the President's very successful Latin American trip last December, I had
the opportunity to discuss the proposed institute, along with other science, technology and
environmental issues with senior officials in Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, and
Venezuela. The meetings resulted in a good exchange of views and enthusiastic support
for the institute concept in each of the five countries visited.
Armed with this enthusiastic response, I have asked the Committee on Earth and
Environmental Sciences of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and
Technology (FCCSET) to plan and host a scientific workshop. It will provide a forum
for discussion of the concept of a regional global change institute by the countries in the
Western Hemisphere.
We are planning to hold the workshop in San Juan, Puerto Rico from July 15 to July 18,
1991. Because of your responsibilities for and interest in Puerto Rico, I wanted to let
you know of our plans. I am attaching a copy of the draft agenda and the participant
list to date. I would be happy to receive any advice that you may have.
Attachments
WORKSHOP AGENDA -- PUERTO RICO
Monday, July 15 - Arrival
3:00 - 6:00:
Registration
6:00 - 7:00:
Reception
Introduction: Dallas Peck
Welcome: President U.P.R. (tentative)
7:00 - 9:00:
Dinner (Speaker: TBD)
Possible candidates:
Noel Brown - UNEP Amb. to UN
Ariel Lugo - LTER, Puerto Rico
M.G.K. Menon - Minister S&T, India
Jose Sarukhan - - Mexico
Raphael Steer - Columbia (IOCARIBE)
M. Swaminathan - - Int. Union
Sir Crispin Tickell - (former) UK Amb. to UN
Tuesday, July 16
9:00 - 10:30:
Plenary Session I (Chair: R. Corell)
Peck introduces Bromley
Bromley opens (30 min.)
Setting stage, charge, objectives, etc. (60
min.)
10:30 - 11:00:
Coffee Break
11:00 1:00:
Plenary Session II (Chair: R.W. Corell)
Delegation Presentations
1:00 - 2:30:
Lunch
2:30 - 4:00:
Plenary Session II cont.
Delegation Presentations
4:00 - 4:30:
Coffee Break
4:30 - 6:30:
Chair's Summary, General Discussion of Working Group
Tasks (see below), Instructions for Sign-up, Chair's
instructions to Working Group Chairs and Rapporteur
appointments
6:30 - 10:00:
Sign up for Working Groups
Dinner (individual arrangements)
(Staff prepares and posts sign-up lists for next
day's discussion)
Wednesday, July 17
9:00 - 10:30:
Working Group 1 (Plenary Working Group) - Laying out
the issues; country priorities on the science agenda:
What are the regionally relevant scientific issues worth
studying in terms of the causes and effects of global
change and the interactions between change, ecological
processes, and economic impacts?
What type of evaluation mechanism will assure the
excellence and credibility of the scientific research?
How can this inter-disciplinary scientific agenda be
structured in order to be receptive to broader public
policy needs?
What functions are necessary for the support of the
scientific agenda (in terms of the conduct of research,
management of data, organization of education programs and
regional/global interactions)?
10:30 - 11:00:
Coffee Break
11:00 - 1:00:
Working Group 1 (continued)
1:00 - 2:30:
Lunch Break
2:30 - 4:00:
Working Group 1: Continues to pursue the issues from
the morning session; purpose is to work out the
details based on opinions/positions expressed in the
earlier session.
Working Group 2: What type of facilities, management
structure, and staffing requirements are necessary
for the Institute to fulfill these functions? What
are the most necessary, viable and appropriate long-
term funding mechanisms for the core facility and
what are the funding needs and/or possibilities to
augment research at affiliated locations within the
region?
4:00 - 4:30:
Coffee Break
4:30 - 6:30:
Working Group 1 (complete work and set up drafting
groups)
Working Group 2 (continue)
6:30 on
Dinner (individual arrangements)
Thursday, July 18
9:00 - 10:30:
Plenary: Chair ?
Working Group 1 delivers draft
Working Group 2 delivers status report
10:30 - 11:00:
Coffee Break
11:00 - 1:00:
Working Group 1 (finalizing recommendations)
Working Group 2 (complete work and begin drafting)
1:00 - 2:30:
Lunch Break
2:30 - 4:00:
Working Group 2 (drafting)
Working Group 3 (Plenary minus drafters)
(Based on the recommendations of Working Group 1
and the status report of Working Group 2) What
should the criteria be for locating the
Institute's core facility and developing links
to affiliated research sites, assuming that the
objectives are responsiveness to regional needs
and interests, a global orientation, and linking
to and augmenting existing resources?
4:00 -4:30:
Coffee Break
4:30 - 6:30:
Working Group 3 (complete work and draft)
6:30 on
Dinner (individual arrangements)
Friday, July 19
9:00 - 10:30:
Plenary: Consideration and Adoption of Report
10:30 - 11:00:
Coffee Break
11:00 - 1:00:
Concluding Remarks: R.W. Corell
Closing of the Workshop: Dallas Peck
04/25/91 10:45
202 647 0191
STATE OES/EGC - AD GEO
5.
007/011
Western Hemisphere Institute Planning Workshop
Antigua: NO RESPONSE
Argentina: NO RESPONSE
Bahamas: NO RESPONSE
Barbados: NO RESPONSE
Belize: NO RESPONSE
Bolivia: NO RESPONSE
Brazil: WILL PARTICIPATE
Edson Machada, Deputy Secretary of Science and Technology
Eneas Salati, Director of National Institute for Amazon
Research (INPA)
Canada: PENDING DECISION will participate 4/30
Government will probably participate but has not yet made a
final decision. "Initial Canadian reaction to the
Institute proposal is lukewarm. Funding is a major
concern. concerned that call for institute in Western
Hemishphere might lead to call for others. Canada would
like to see more use of IIASA.
Chile: WILL PARTICIPATE
Dr. Humberto Fuenzalida
National Coordinator, Chilean Working Group for Global
Change
Columbia: NO RESPONSE
Costa Rica: WILL PARTICIPATE
Max Campos
Jefe Del Departmento De Climatologia Bm
Dzyan Jose 1000
San Jose, Costa Rica
Eduardo Lopez
Subdirector General del Servicio Forestero
04/25/91 10:47
202 647 0191
STATE OES/EGC
+++ AD GEO
1
009/011
Honduras: WILL PARTICIPATE
Ingeniero Franklin Bertrand Anduray
Executive Secretary
National Commision for Environment and Development (CONAMA)
Edificio Palmira
Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Jamaica: WILL PARTICIPATE
GOJ is uncertain about level of participation until receipt
of invitation. Invitations should be sent to :
Dr. Gladstone V. Taylor, Executive Director
Scientific Research Council
Hope Gardens, P.O. Box 350
Kingston 6, Jamaica
Dr. Allan G. Kirton
Permanent Secretary
Ministry of Finance, Development and Planning
11A Oxford Road
Kingston 5, Jamaica
Dr. Ted Aldridge, Special Advisor on
Environment/Conservation
Ministry of Finance, Development and Planning
11A Oxford Road
Kingston 5, Jamaica
Mexico: WILL PARTICIPATE
No official designation has been made. Environment
Undersecretary Sergio Reyes thinks he might attend.
Soberon is interested. Foreign Ministry will probably make
final decision and send at least one representative,
possibly Victor Lichtinger
Netherland Antilles: WILL NOT PARTICIPATE
04/25/91
10:48
202 647 0191
STATE OES/EGC
--- AD GEO
5.
011/011
Uruguay: WILL PARTICIPATE
Ing. Fredrico Garcia Brum
Presidente de la Commision
Iniciativa del Cono Sur - Uruguay
Edil Pratto 2197
Montevideo - CP 11200
Uruguay
Tel: (5982) 48-82-48 FAX: (5982) 48-70-37
Lic. Annie Hareau
Asistente Tecnico
Inicíativa del Cono Sur - Uruguay
Edil Pratto 2197
Montevideo - CP 11200
Uruguay
Venezuela: WILL PARTICIPATE
Ing. Adalberto Gabaldon Asuaje
Director General
Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales
Renovables
Torre Sur, Piso 25
Caracas, Venezuela
Tel: (582) 483-7915 FAX: (582) 483-1749
Ing. Claudio Caponi Trombi
Director de Hirologia y Meteorologia
Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales y
Renovables
Edificio Camejo, piso 5
Avendia Este 6, Esquina Camejo
Centro Simon Bolivar
Caracas, Venezuela
Tel: (582) 545-0030 FAX: (582) 545-0607
dill
Document Originally
Attached to
Following Page
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
July 30, 1991
MEMORANDUM FOR D. ALLAN BROMLEY
FROM:
NANCY G. MAYNARD
SUBJECT
(1) Global Change Research Institutes: Status
(2) Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research
Workshop: July 15-19, 1991
To provide you with a summary document on the global change research institutes
(concept development and status), I have prepared a brief outline of events leading
up to the workshop as well as a description of the details of the workshop itself.
Background
At the White House Conference on Science and Economics Research Related to
Global Change in April 1990, a proposal was presented by the US to establish several
global change research institutes to bring together the critical mass of research and
capabilities to undertake global change research in three important regions of the
world: the Americas, Europe/Africa, and the far East/SW Pacific.
During the year following this proposal, Dr. D. Allan Bromley encouraged the further
development of the concept and it was decided that the first institute to be set up
should be an Institute in the Western Hemisphere (the Americas). It was also
decided to hold a workshop to carry out the detailed planning for the Western
Hemisphere Institute. It was concluded that, in order to be successful, the countries
of the region would have to have a strong feeling of ownership of the institute
development and implementation. To accomplish this, the specific scientific and
organizational elements had to be designed by the participating countries from that
region. In fact, the workshop was conducted accordingly and I think that this
approach was the key to the overwhelming success (both politically and substantively)
of the workshop.
To carry out the planning and organization of the workshop, Dr. Bromley determined
that the workshop should be under the sponsorship of the Committee on Earth and
Environmental Sciences (CEES) Global Change Working Group (GCWG) and he
appointed Dr. Robert Corell, Chairman of the GCWG, as Director of the Workshop.
Dr. Corell, in turn, set up a small ad hoc, interagency group to coordinate planning
activities for the institute, and, in addition, tasked the GCWG Task Group on
International Coordination and Development ("TG 10") to assist the ad hoc group in
the planning for the workshop.
Over the months preceding the July workshop, the small ad hoc group and the TG-10
Task Force, in close cooperation with OSTP, developed the detailed plans for the
workshop. As a result of this planning effort plus a number of consultations with
high level representatives from a number of Latin American Countries, it was decided
to hold the workshop in Puerto Rico in July 1991.
The Workshop
Representatives of 22 countries from the region plus a number of "observer" countries
and international organizations attended the workshop in San Juan, Puerto Rico,
from July 15-19, 1991. [A participant list is attached at Tab A]
During the workshop, the attendees were asked to consider and to prepare
options/recommendations on three specific issues: (1) The science agenda, (2)
Organization and management, and (3) Criteria for selection of a site or sites.
[Agenda is attached at Tab B]
To lay a foundation for the Workshop's discussions, the representatives of the
countries of the region, the observer countries, and the participating international
organizations made brief presentations on their interests in global change research
and related activities in the region. Following the country and organization
presentations, the Workshop participants then addressed the main objectives of the
Workshop through three working groups: (1) the Science Agenda, (2) Organization
and Management, and (3) Criteria for Site Selection. Each working group had a
chair and two vice chairs from various countries in the region. In addition, in order
to expedite the preparation of a preliminary report to be distributed at the
workshop, a Secretariat team was assigned to each working group to take notes and
develop a working draft report from each of the working groups. After extensive
discussion in the working groups, draft report were prepared by each group.
The three working groups presented their reports to the full Plenary session on the
morning of the final day of the workshop for review and discussion by all
participants. A draft workshop report, consisting of the three working group reports
and statements delivered by participating countries and organizations was approved
by participants in final Plenary. The draft report is presently being further reviewed
by workshop participants and, upon completion of that review, a Final Report of the
Workshop will be distributed to governments, interested international organizations,
and other potential participants and sponsors in preparation for subsequent meetings.
[Draft report attached at Tab C]
Post-Workshop Activities:
(1) Interim Working Group
During the final session of the workshop in Puerto Rico, on July 19, the
representatives of the participating countries established an interim Working Group
to address follow-up actions from the workshop and to prepare more detailed
proposals to be presented to a second workshop to be held in 1992.
The working group shall be composed of 12 members. These shall include 8
participants from the San Juan workshop - 2 from North America, 1 from Central
America, 1 from the Caribbean, and 4 from southern South America (1 from
northern South America, 1 from southern South America; 1 at-large, and 1 from
Brazil). Four members shall be scientists designated by ICSU, taking into account
nominations from the countries in the region. The Group would select its chairman
from among its members. The Working Group will be supported by the services of a
small secretariat provided by the USA.
The members of the working group representing the Puerto Rico Workshop (and
selected by the participants during the final session) are as follows (an alternate
country/delegate was also chosen in most cases - a few names are presently being
settled):
Delegate
Alternate
Brazil (no name)
Brazil
Venezuela (Herrera)
Colombia (Casas)
Argentina (Cersosimo)
Uruguay (Brum)
Chile (Fuenzalida)
Chile
Jamaica (Taylor)
Dominican Republic (Moya Saba)
Nicaragua (Jerez)
Panama (Garibaldi)
Mexico (DeAlba)
Canada (no name)
United States (Corell)
US (Hall)
The Charge of the Working Group is presented in detail in the Terms of Reference
developed by the workshop participants. [The TORs are attached at Tab D]
(2) Second Workshop
A second workshop has been planned for March 1992 with the same composition as
the Puerto Rico workshop to finish the work of the Interim Group and plan for the
high level meeting in April 1992.
Future Actions:
1. A small secretariat (in NSF) is being set up to assist the Interim Working Group
in its activities. OSTP staff will work with the secretariat to insure close
cooperation.
2. Dr. Corell (with Michael Hall as back-up) will serve as US interface through his
membership on the Interim Working Group.
3. It is anticipated that a second workshop will be held in March 1992 to finish the
details from the first workshop and to prepare for the high level meeting in April.
4. It is proposed that a high level meeting will be held in April 1992 to consider the
options, recommendations, and other results from the second workshop.
OSTP Follow-up Actions:
1. Maynard will continue to serve as OSTP interface to US coordination
group/secretariat
2. Letters of thank you to the US team should be sent by Dr. Bromley (drafts for
editing are forthcoming). The success of this effort is due in large part to very
careful work and long hours of the US team both in the months prior to the
workshop and during the workshop.
Comment
In my estimation, the workshop was a complete success scientifically, politically, and
substantively - in terms of meeting stated objectives. The original premise of this
workshop was to have the concept development and the detailed planning for an
institute to be accomplished by the countries in the region, not through directives by
the United States. This objective was accomplished through a remarkable degree of
cooperation by the participants and all recommendations prepared by the workshop
participants were unanimously adopted by the workshop attendees.
Through the combined success of this first workshop and the subsequent planning
effort of the Interim Working Group (and its second workshop), it would appear that
a detailed set of recommendations and options for the development of a global
change research institute will be ready for discussion by a high level group of country
representatives at a meeting in April 1992.
It is significant that this first institute as a prototype for the others proposed by
the US to follow will be a tangible and very positive indication that the US means
business in our pledge to work with developing countries as well as other developed
countries to address the important science questions on global change - on both a
global and regional basis. In addition, it also makes clear that we are serious in our
statements that we do want to help developing countries strengthen their own
infrastructure, expertise, and capabilities to study and deal with global climate
change and its impacts. Furthermore, it is also a tangible contribution/proposal that
the US may wish to bring to the table at UNCED.
Workshop for Development of a
Western Hemisphere Institute for Global Change Research
Taller Para el Desarrollo de un Instituto de las Américas
Para Investigaciones Sobre el Cambio Global
San Juan, Puerto Rico
15 -19 July 1991
Participant List
Argentina
Bahamas
Juan lacinto Burgos
Trevor Basden
Vice President, Committee on Global Climate Change
Secretariat of Science and Technology
Senior Meteorological Officer/Computer Programmer
Avda Cordoba 831 - piso 2
Bahamas Meteorological Department
1054 Buenos Aires, Argentina
P.O. Box N-8330
(tel) 54 1 312 8364
Nassau, N.P. Bahamas
(fax) 54 1 312 1706
(tel) 809 325 4048/9
(lax) 809 326 7596
Luis Angel Cersosimo
Subsecretario Tecnico y de Asuntos Internacionales
Brazil
Secretaria de Ciencia y Technologia
Presidencia de la Nacion Argentina
Edson Machado de Sousa
1054 Cordoba 831
Secretario Adjunto
Buenos Aires
Secretaria da Ciencia e Tecnologia
Argenuna
Espi. dus Ministerios, Bloco E. 1 Andar
(tel) 54 311 3178
70062 Brasilia, DF
(1ax) 54 312 1706
Brazil
(tel) 61 224 0457, 61 224 0270
Carlos Eduardo Ereno
(lax) 61 225 1141
Servicio de Hidrograma Navai
Montes de Oca 2124
Encas Salati
1271 Buenos Aires
Director General
Argentina
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA)
(lel) 51 1 21 7576
Alameda Cosme Ferreira, 1756
(fax) 51 1 21 7797
Caiza Postal 478
(telex) 21338 RACEL AR
69000 Manaus, AM
Brazil
Carlos Foradori
(tel) 55 92 236 9899
First Secretary
(Tax) 55 22 236 0255
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Argentina
(telex) 092 2269
1600 New Hampshire Ave, NW
Washington, D.C. 20009
Luiz Fernando Ligiero
USA
Embassy 01 Brazil
(tel) 202/939-6440
3006 Massachusetts Ave., NW
(fax) 202/337-3171
Washington, D.C. 20008
(tel) 202/745-2775
(fax) 202/745-2827
(Brazil continued)
(Chile continued)
Luiz Gylvan Meira
Director, Earth Observations
Humberto A. Fuenzatida
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espciales (INPE)
National Coordinator
P.O. Box 515
Chilean Working Group for Global Change
12.201 Sao Jose dos Campos-S.P.
Department of Geophysics
Brazil
University of Chile
(tel) 55 1 9256
Casilla 2771
(fax) 55 1 23 22 9285
Santiago, Chile
(telex) 123 2320 INPE BR
(tel) 56 2 696 8790
(e-mail) INPE
(tax) 56 2 712 799
(telex) 243302 INCEN CL
Joao Ferraz
Researcher
Colombia
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espciales (INPE)
CP 478
Fernando Casas Castaneda
69011 Manaus AM
Environmental Special Advisor to the
Brazil
Minister of Foreign Affairs
(tel) 092 236 9633 128
Ministry of Foreign Allairs
(fax) 092 642218
Bogota, Colombia
(telex) 922269 INPA BR
(161) 2863925, 2818723, 2861802
(lax) 2819170, 2812099
Canada
Costa Rica
John M.R. Stone
Director of Climate Research
Max Campos
Canadian Climate Centre
Instituto Meteorologico Nacional
Atmospheric Environment Service
Programa Cambio Climaticu
373 Sussex Dr.
Apartado 7-3350 1000
Ottawa
San Jose
Canada
Costa Rica
(tel) 416 739 4432
(tel) 506 23 8467
(fax) 416 739 5700
(lux) 506 23 1837
Anne V. Whyte
Dominican Republic
Director, Social Sciences Division
International Development Research Centre (IDRC)
Silvestre A. de Moya Saba
P.O. Box 8500, Ottawa, Ontario
Secretario Elecutivo
K1C 3M9, Canada
(tel) 613 236 6163, x 2558
Comision Nacional de Sancamiento Ecologico
Calle Las Damas 7 Zona
(fax) 613 238 7230
(telex) 053 3753
Colonial Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
(tel) 562 3500 X 272
(lux) 686 8403
Chile
EI Salvador
Claudio Anguita
Advisor to the Rector for Climate Change
Jonge Alberto Rodriguez Deras
University of Chile
Director, Centro de Investigaciones Geotecnicas
Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 1058
Ministerio de Obras Publicas
Santiago, Chile
(tel) 56 2 2296267
Calle Antigua la Charca, Cigo. Talleres Dua
P.O. Box 109
San Salvador, El Salvador
(tel) 21 1933
(fax) 21 1933
2
European Community
(Italy continued)
Pierre Mathy
Ciorgio Fiocco
Commission of the European Communities
Directorate General for Science, Research, and
Professor, Physics Department
Development, XII
University "La Sapienza"
00161 Roma
200 Rue de la Lui
Huly
1049 Brussels, Belgium
(tel) 39 6 4453245
(tel) 32 235 8160, 32 235 9135
(tax) 39 6 4463158
(lax) 32 2 236 3024
(telex) 215655 INFNRO
(telex) 21877 COMEU B
Germany
Jamaica
Manfred Lange
Cladstone V. Taylor
Executive Director
Federal Ministry for Research and Technology
Scientific Research Council
National Global Change Secretariat
Hope Cardens, P.O. Box 350
c/o Altred Wegener institute
P.O. Box 1201 61
Kingston 6, Jamaica W.I.
(tel) 809 927 1912
D-2850 Bremernaven
(lax) 809 927 5347
Germany
(tel) 0471 4831 217/349
(telex) 3631 SRCSTIN IA
(lax) 0471 1831 149
(e-mail) Allred.Wegener
Japan
Guatemala
Hajime Akimoto
Director, Clobal Environment Research Division
Antonio Ferrate
National Institute for Environmental Studies
National Coordinator for the National Commission for the
16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba City
!barakı 305, Japan
Protection of the Environment (CONAMA)
(tel) 0298-51-811, x320
Guatemala City
(lax) 0298 51 2854
Guatemala
(tel) 502 2 535109
Mexico
(fax) 502 2 535108
Guyana
Edmundo De Alba
Executive Coordinator
Sudama Raghunandan
National Commission of Ecology
Rio Elba 20 -14th
Specialist Meteorologist
Mexico City
Hydrometeorological Service
Mexico
Ministry of Argriculture
(tel) 553 9601
Homestretch Avenue
(lux) 553 9753
Georgetown
Guyana
(tel) 02 53477
Victor L Urquidi
Miembro del Consejo Consultivo de Ciencia (CCC)
Italy
Profesor Investigador
El Colegio de Mexico
Camino al Ajusco 20
Giuseppe Biorci
01000 Mexico DF
Science Advisor to the Minister for
Mexico
University and Scientific Research
(tel) 525 568 6033 x217
Lungotevere Thaon di Ravel, 76
(lux) 525 652 6233
Roma
Italy
(tel) 39 6 49931
(fax) 39 6 4461954
2. I I
(Mexico continued)
Paraguay
Daniel Pinero
Centro de Ecologia, UNAM
Manuel Caceres
Director
Director General
Apartado Postal 70-275
Ministerio de Releciones Exteriores
Mexico D.F. 04510
222 O'Leary
Mexico
Asuncion, Paraguay
(tel) 5505485
(tel) 44 6168
(fax) 5485259
(lax) 493 910
The Netherlands
Peru
Wim G. Sombroek
Alberto Giesecke
International Soil Reference and Information Centre
Director
P.O. Box 353
Regional Center for Seismology for South America
6700 AJ Wageningen
(CERESIS)
The Netherlands
Lima, Peru
(tel) 31 8370 19063
(tel) 51 14 414860
(lax) 31 8370 24460
(lax) 51 14 336750
(telex) 45888 INTAL NL
Spain
Nicaragua
Bartolome Orfila-Estrada
Patricio C. Jerez
Consejero Tecnico
Vice Ministro Director
Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia de Espana-
Instituto Ambiente Nicaraguense de Recursos Naturales y del
Apdo. 285
Madrid 28040
KM. 12 Carretera Norte
Spain
Managua, Nicaragua
(tel) 34 1 5 81 98 04
(tel) 505 2 31916/31343
(lax) 34 1 5 81 97 67
(fax) 505 2 31504
Jose M. Moruno
Claudio Gutierrez
Scientific Advisor
Director General
Ceneral Secretariat for the National R&D Plan.
Instituto Nicaraguense de Estudios Territoriales (INETER)
Interministerial Commission for Science and Technology
Apartado 2110
Rosario Pino, 1-1-16
Managua, Nicaragua
28020 Madrid
(tel) 505 2 44739, 505 2 41890
Spain
(fax) 505 2 41890
(tel) 341 572 00 98
(telex) 1084 INETER M
(lux) 341 571 57 81
Panama
Suriname
Vielka Caribaldi
Directora Nacional de Cuencas Hidrograticas
Leendert William Fung
Apdo. 2016, Paraiso, Anoon
Director, Meteorological Service
Panama, Panama
Permanent Representative of Suriname to WMO
(tel) 507 32 4578
Ministry of l'ublic Works
(lax) 507 32 1518
Duisburgluan/Leysweyey,
P.O. Box 2273
Paramaribo, Suriname
(tel) 60029
(lax) 597 64901
4
Uruguav
(United States continued)
Fedrico Carcia Brum
Paul C. Risser
Presidente de la Commision
Iniciative del Cono Sur
Provost & Vice President for Academic Affairs
Edil Pratto 2197
University of New Mexico
Scholes Hall 108
Montevideo - CP 11200
Uruguay
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
USA
(tel) 59 82 48 8 248
(tel) 505/277-5064
(fax) 59 H2 48 7 037
(fax) 505/277-5567
Annie Hareau
Venezuela
Iniciative del Cono Sur
Edil H. Pratto 2197
Montevideo, - CP 11200
Rafael Herrera
Uruguay
Centro de Ecologia y Ciencia Ambientales
(tel) 59 82 48 8248
Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC)
(lax) 59 82 48 7037
Apdu. 21827 Caracas 1020A
Venezuela
Edward MacGillycuddy
(tel) 58 2 5011014
Ambassador to the United States
(Tax) 58 2 5713164
Embassy of Uruguay
(telex) 21657 VC
Washington, D.C.
USA
Anibal Rosales Hernandez
(tel) 202/331-1313
Dir. Cen Sect de ICASV del Ministeno del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables
Alvaro Musso
Edificio Camejo, piso 5
Iniciative Cono Sur
Avendia Este 6, Esquina Canejo
Edil Prato 2197
Centro Simon Bolivar
Montevideo - CP 1120
Caracas, Venezuela
Uruguay
(tel) 58 2 4081601 /02
(tel) 59 82 48 8 248
(fax) 58 2 5450607
(fax) 59 82 48 7037
Jean Francois Pulvenis
United States
Director de Fronteras Terrestres y Maritimas.
Ministerio de Relacions Exteriores
Edificio B.N.D. Piso 13
J. Michael Hall
Avenida Urdaneta
Director, Office of Global Programs
Carmelitas
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Caracas, Venezuela
SSMC #1, Office 4210
(tel) 58 2 828886
1335 East-West Highway
(fax) 58 2 819372
Silver Spring, MD 20910
USA
(tel) 301 /427-2A74
International Council of Scientific Unions
(fax) 301 608-3979
(ICSU)
(telex) 258960 KLL CUR
(e-mail) M.Hall/Omnet
J.W. Maurits LaRiviere
Secretary Ceneral, ICSU
Thomas Lovejoy
51 Boulevard de Montmorency
Assistant Secretary for External Affairs
F75016 Paris
Smithsonian Institution
France
Washington, D.C. 20560
(tel) 33 1 4525 0329
USA
(lax) 33 1 4288 9431
(tel) 202/786-2263
(telex) 630 443 F
(fax) 202/786-2304
(e-mail) ICSU.PARIS/Omnet, [email protected],
Econet: ICSU
- 5 -
International Geosphere - Biosphere
Program (IGBP)
Organization of American States (OAS)
Thomas Rosswall
Sonia Saumier-Finch
Director
Executive Director, ICBP
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Department of Scientific and Technological Affairs
Organization of American States
(telex) (fax) (tel) Stockhoim, Box 50005, 46 46 17509 8 8 166448 166405 S-104 Sweden IGBPS 05
1889 F St., NW Room 270-J
Washington, D.C. 20006
USA
(tel) 202 458-3368
(fax) 202 458-3167
(e-mai) T.Rosswail.Omnet
International Social Science Council (ISSC)
World Climate Research Programme
(WCRP)
Richard Rockweil
Staff Associate
J. Michael Hall
Social Science Research Council
Director, Office of Global Programs
605 3rd Avenue
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
New York, NY 10158
SSMC #1, Office 4210
USA
1335 East-West Highway
(tel) 212 661 0280
Silver Spring, MD 20910
(tax) 212 370 7896
USA
(e-mail) R.Rockweil/Omnet
(tel) 301/427-2474
(lax) 301/608-3979
(telex) 258960 KLL CUR
(e-mail) M.Hall/Omnet
6
"n.a.
Workshop Officials
D. Allan Bromley
Assistant to the President for Science and Technology
Robert W. Corell
Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy
Assistant Director for Geosciences
Executive Office of the President
National Science Foundation
Washington, D.C 20506
1800 C SL, NW
USA
Washington, D.C. 20550
(tel) 202/456-7116
USA
(fax) 202/395-3261
(tel) 202/357-9715
(lax) 202/357-9629
Dallas L. Peck
Director
United States Geological Survey
Department of the Interior
Reston, VA 22092
USA
(tel) 703/620-3700
Workshop Staff
Ralph P. Brescia
International Planning and Programs Office
Stephanie Smith Kinney
National Aeronautics and Spaa Administration
Deputy Director
400 Maryland Ave., SW
Office of Global Change (OES/ECC)
Washington, D.C. 20546
Room 4329A
USA
Department of State
(tel) 202/453-8452
Washington, D.C. 20008
(fax) 202/453-2628
USA
(Telex) 479 9843 NASA WSH
(tel) 202/647-4069
(e-mail) RBRESCIA/NASAMAIL
(lax) 202/647-0191
(e-mail) State.OCC/Omnet
Louis B. Brown
National Science Foundation
Ariel Lugo
1800 C. SL NW
Director
Washington, D.C. 20550
Institute of Tropical Forestry
USA
USDA Forest Service
(tel) 202/357-9809
Call Box 25000
(fax) 202/357-9629
Rio Piedras, PR 00928
(tel) 809/766-5335 or 6569
James Buizer
(lux) 809/250-6924
Director, International Development
(telex) 237 408083
Office 01 Global Programs
(e-mail) [email protected]
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
SSMC #1, Office -1200
Cene Martin
1335 East-West Highway
JCP/PO, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Silver Spring, MD 20910
P.O. Box 3000
USA
Boulder, CO 80307
(tel) 301/427-2474
USA
(lax) 301/608-3979
(tel) 303/497-8682
(telex) 258 960 KLL CUR
(tax) 03/497-8633
(e-mail) J.Buizer/Omnet
(telex) 740 1432 UCAR UC
(e-mai) C.Martin/Omnet
1 7 -
Nancy Maynard
Arturo Torres
Assistant Director for the Environment
Associate District Chief, Water Resources Division
Executive Office of the President
United States Geological Survey
Office of Science and Technology Policy
P.O. Box 364424
Old Executive Office Building
San Juan, PR 00936-4424
Washington, D.C. 20506
(tel) 809/749-4417
USA
(e-mail) AETORRES
(tel) 202/456-6202
(fax) 202/395-3719
Robert B. Waide
(e-mail) N.Maynard/Omnet
Head, Terrestrial Ecology Division
University of Puerto Rico
Bruce F. Molnia
GPO Box 363682
Deputy Chief, Office of International Geology
San Juan, PR 00936
United States Geological Survey
(tel) 809/767-0371
Department of the Interior
(tax) 809/758-0815
917 National Center
(e-mail) [email protected]
Reston, VA 22092
USA
Allen Zack
(tel) 703/648-4120
District Chief, Water Resources Division
(fax) 703/648-4227
(telex) 248 418 CEOINT UR
United States Geological Survey
P.O. Box 364424
(e-mail) B.Molnia/Omnet
San Juan, PR 00936-4424
(tel) 809/749-4346
Claudia Nierenberg
National Science Foundation
1800 C. SL NW, Room 644
Washington, D.C. 20550
USA
(tel) 202/357-9715
(fax) 202/357-9629
(e-mail) C.Nierenberg/Omnet
Elliot Rivera
Water Resources Division
United States Geological Survey
P.O. Box 364424
San Juan, PR 00936-4424
(tel) 809/749-4346
Karyn Sawyer-Crouch
JCP/PO, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
P.O. Box 3000
Boulder, CO 80307
USA
(tel) 303/497-8681
(fax) 303/497-8633
(telex) 740 1432 UCAR UC
(e-mail) KSawyer.Crouch/Omnet
Vickie Sutton
Senior Policy Analyst
Office of Science and Technology Policy
431 1/2 Old Executive Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20506
USA
(tel) 202/456-6203
(fax) 202/395-3719
- 8 -
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Workshop for Development of a
Western Hemisphere Institute for Global Change Research
Taller Para el Desarrollo de un Instituto de las Américas para
Investigaciones Sobre el Cambio Global
PROPOSED AGENDA
Monday, July 15
3:00 - 6:00
Registration
(outside Room 602)
7:00- 8:00
Reception
(7th floor, La Galeria)
8:00 1
Dinner
(6th floor, Silver East))
Tuesday, July 16
8:00 - 9:00
Sign-up for Statements:
Countries, Observers (for Plenary Session I)
International Scientific Organizations (for Working
Group 1)
9:00 10:30
Plenary Session I (Gold Room)
Introductory Remarks: Dr. Dallas L. Peck
Keynote Address: Dr. D. Allan Bromley
Overview of Objectives: Dr. Robert W. Corell
Review of Agenda and Working Group
Arrangements: Dr. Corell
10:30 - 11:00
Morning Break
11:00 - 1:00
Plenary Session II (Gold Room)
Country Statements: Brief discussions (approximately 8 -
10 minutes) on each country's specific research interests and
priorities in the field of global change.
Agenda - page I
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11:00- 1:00
Working Group 1 (continued)
1:00 - 2:30
Lunch Break (Silver West 3 and Silver East 2) (Gold Room)
2:30 - 4:00
Working Group 1 (continued)
2:30 - 4:00
Working Group 2: Organization and Management (Gold Room)
Topics suggested for discussion:
What facilities should the Institute have?
How should the Institute be organized and staffed?
What management structure would be appropriate?
What are the financial implications of these requirements?
4:00 - 4:30
Afternoon Break
4:30 - 6:30
Working Group 1 (completes work and begins drafting)
4:30 - 6:30
Working Group 2 (continued)
Dinner (individual arrangements)
Thursday, July 18
9:00 - 10:30
Plenary Session III (Silver East)
Working Group 1 delivers draft report
Working Group 2 presents progress report
10:30 - 11:00
Morning Break
11:00- 1:00
Working Group 1 (finalizes report) (Silver West 1 & 2)
11:00- 1:00
Working Group 2 (completes work and begins drafting) (Silver East)
1:00 - 2:30
Lunch Break
Agenda - page 3
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1:00 - 2:30
Lunch (Silver West 1 & 2)
2:30 - 4:00
Plenary Session II (Country Statements continued)
4:00 - 4:30
Afternoon Break
4:30 - 6:30
Plenary Session II (continued)
Observer Statements
Chair's Summary and Charge to Working Groups.
Dinner (individual arrangements)
Wednesday, July 17
9:00 - 10:30
Working Group 1: Science Agenda (Silver West 1 & 2)
International Scientific Organizations Presentations: Brief
discussions (approximately 8 - - 10 minutes) on each organization's
research interests in the field of global change.
Discussions:
Topics suggested for Working Group discussion:
What are the regionally relevant scientific issues worth
studying in terms of the causes and effects of global change
and the interactions between change, ecological processes,
and economic impacts?
How can this inter-disciplinary scientific agenda be
structured in order to be receptive to broader public policy
needs?
What functions are necessary for the support of the
scientific agenda (in terms of the conduct of research,
management of data, organization of education programs
and regional/global interactions)?
What type of evaluation mechanism will assure the
excellence and credibility of the scientific research?
10:30 - 11:00
Morning Break
Agenda - page 2
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2:30 - 4:00
Working Group 2 (finalizes report)
2:30 - 4:00
Working Group 3 - - Criteria for Site Selection (Silver West 1 & 2)
Topics suggested for discussion:
Based on the recommendations for the scientific agenda
and the organization and structure of the Institute, what
criteria should govern site selection for the Institute?
4:00 -4:30
Afternoon Break
4:30 - 6:30
Working Group 3 (completes work and drafts report)
Dinner (individual arrangements)
Friday, July 19
9:00 - 9:30
Working Group 3 (finalizes report)
9:30 - 10:30
Plenary Session IV (Silver East)
Working Groups 2 and 3 Deliver Reports
Review and Adoption of Final Report
10:30 - 11:00
Morning Break
11:00- - 1:00
Plenary Session IV (continued)
1:00
Closure of Meeting
Agenda - page 4
Development
of a
Western Hemisphere Institute
for
Global Change Research
Taller Para el Desarrollo de un Institute de las Americas para
Investigaciones Sobre el Cambio Global
A Report of a Workshop
San Juan, Puerto Rico
15-19 July 1991
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i.
Executive Summary
1.
An Introduction and Overview to a Western Hemisphere
Institute for Global Change Research
2.
The Science Agenda
3.
Management and Organizational Arrangements for the
Institute
4.
Criteria for Selection of Sites
Appendices:
I.
Participants List
II.
Dr. D. Allan Bromley's Keynote Address
III.
Workshop Agenda
IV.
Summaries of Statements delivered by
participating countries, observers, and
international scientific organizations.
V.
Glossary
VI.
List of Acronyms
Overview and Background
DRAFT
In order to understand global change, it is essential to study important aspects
of such change on a regional as well as global basis. Improved knowledge of
regional physical and biogeochemical processes, and their social and economic
causes and implications is needed to determine how these dynamic processes and
trends interact with and affect the total Earth system.
To this end, the U.S. proposed establishment of several global change research
institutes to bring together the critical mass of resources and capabilities to
undertake global change research in three important regions of the world: the
Western Hemisphere, Europe/Africa, and the Far East/Southwest Pacific. This
proposal was presented during the White House Conference on Science and
Economics Research Related to Global Change in April 1990. In his closing speech to
the Conference, President Bush endorsed these institutes as joint partnerships
between industrialized and developing countries.
Overall Strategy and Concept
To further develop this concept, a "Workshop for Development of a Western
Hemisphere Institute for Global Change Research" was convened on July 16-19,
1991, in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The goal of this Workshop was to design an institute
to conduct and facilitate scientific, social and economics research on global change
issues that are both unique to the region and important to the world. The objectives
of the Workshop were: (1) to develop a regional consensus for a scientific and
management agenda for such an institute; (2) to decide on the overall role such an
institute should play in global change research and develop an organizational plan;
(3) to identify criteria for the siting of such an institute; and (4) to discuss funding
requirements and mechanisms for obtaining funding.
This Report presents the results of the Workshop. Participants prepared
options and/or recommendations regarding the scientific agenda, organization and
structure, and siting criteria for a regional institute which the Workshop decided
should be called the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research. It was
decided that options/recommendations should be distributed to governments and
to interested international organizations for their consideration in preparation for a
subsequent meeting to (1) consider, modify (if necessary), and approve these recom-
mendations, and (2) commit financial and in-kind resources for the Institute's
establishment and operations.
Opening of the Meeting
Dr. Dallas L. Peck, Chairman of the U.S. interagency Committee on Earth and
Environmental Sciences (CEES) and Host for the Workshop, opened the meeting
and welcomed the participants. Representatives of twenty-two countries
DRAFT participated in the Workshop, as did representatives of other countries and
international organizations interested in this concept (a list of participants is
DRAFT
provided in Appendix I). Dr. Peck introduced Dr. D. Allan Bromley, Assistant to the
President for Science and Technology, who presented the keynote address. Dr.
Bromley indicated that the most important objective for the Workshop should be to
develop a scientific agenda for a Western Hemisphere Institute for Global Change
Research. He urged that this agenda reflect consensus and be based on the widest
possible inputs from the countries of the region. He recommended that such a
scientific agenda be built on existing capabilities and take full advantage of unique
local and regional opportunities.
Dr. Bromley noted that such a global change research agenda should include
engineering and social sciences, especially economics. He emphasized the
importance of studies of the interactions between global change, ecological processes,
and economic impacts (this address is included as Appendix II).
Dr. Peck then introduced Dr. Robert W. Corell, Chairman of the CEES
Working Group on Global Change and Chairman of the Workshop. Dr. Corell
presented the draft agenda, a slightly revised version of the first draft agenda which
had been distributed to potential participants prior to the Workshop. The revised
agenda called upon the Workshop to consider and to prepare
options/recommendations on three specific issues -- a scientific agenda;
organization and management; and criteria for selection of a site (or sites) for an
institute. The Workshop approved the Agenda (see Appendix III).
To lay a foundation for the Workshop's discussions, the representatives of
the countries of the region; the observer countries; and the participating
international organizations made brief presentations on their interests in global
change research and related activities in the region (summaries of these presenta-
tions are provided in Appendix IV). These presentations demonstrated strong
support for the concept of a Western Hemisphere Institute for Global Change
Research.
The presentations also emphasized the importance of addressing global
change problems in a regional context in order to meet the needs of the countries of
the region, as well as to take advantage of the unique features of these countries.
The presentations emphasized the need for interdisciplinary research, based upon
reliable and compatible data, to understand atmospheric, terrestrial, and oceanic
processes. This emphasis was carried over into the Workshop's discussions of a
scientific agenda for the Institute.
Following the country and organization presentations, the Workshop
participants then addressed the main objectives of the Workshop through three
Working Groups: (1) The Science Agenda, (2) Organization and Management, and
(3) Criteria for Site Selection. Each working group had a chair and two vice chairs
DRAFT
2
from various countries in the region. In addition, in order to expedite the
DRAFT
preparation of a preliminary report to be distributed at the workshop, a Secretariat
team was assigned to each working group to take notes and develop a working draft
report from each of the working groups. After extensive discussion in the working
groups, draft reports were prepared by each group.
The three Working Groups presented their reports to the full Plenary session
on the morning of the final day of the Workshop for review and discussion by all
participants. The report/which follows is a compilation of the three working group
reports as approved by the participants during the final Plenary session and
statements delivered by participating countries and organizations.
This report was distributed to all participants at the conclusion of the
Workshop, and, after each participant has reviewed the draft, a Final Report of the
Workshop will be prepared and distributed to governments, interested
international organizations and other potential participants and sponsors in
preparation for the subsequent meeting.
DRAFT
3
The Regional Scientific Agenda for Global Change Research -
DRAFT
A Framework for the Work of the Institute
Working Group One
A.
Rationale
After several rounds of consultation and discussion, both within the
Working Group on Science Agenda and within Plenary Sessions, Workshop
participants agreed to formulate an illustrative, but not comprehensive, list of items
for inclusion in the scientific agenda. This summary compilation reflects
commonalities in the country statements and lists of important global change
research interests for the region provided by each of the participating Western
Hemisphere countries.
Several general guidelines became evident, including:
a recognition of the need to integrate the agenda of social and economic
aspects of global change with the natural science aspects of the
programme
a convergence of the proposed themes with the approach taken by the
international scientific community as expressed in the ongoing
programmes such as WCRP, IGBP and HDGEC
the willingness to establish scientific cooperation with other
international efforts in other regions where global change research
centres might become operative. The IGBP-START initiative can serve
as the most appropriate vehicle to foster global cooperation between
regional centres for global change research.
In addition to compiling a broad list of scientific topics, the Working Group
discussed certain unique and significant characteristics and requirements of the
region. These issues are accordingly reflected in the listing of the scientific agenda
presented in section 4B. Included in this compilation of unusual characteristics and
needs of the region are:
The importance of the hydrologic cycle, especially in large basins;
Improvements in detection, monitoring, and research needed to better
understand the role of stratospheric ozone and UV radiation as it
DRAFT
4
affects populations living at high altitudes, high-southern latitudes,
DRAFT
and in high radiation areas of the region;
the study of the role of large continental-scale fluxes from the land to
the oceans, especially through the great rivers;
the need to greatly improve the resolution of GCMs as applied to the
region, especially taking into consideration the Andean Cordillera;
the need for a better parameterization of land surface processes in
GCMs. Similarly, better parameterization is needed to simulate the
effect of man-made land-use changes;
development of a more complete understanding of coastal/oceanic
phenomena such as ENSO, Atlantic surface temperature effects,
hurricanes, and their regional and global significance;
understanding of the role of the large biomass of the tropical forests
and its soils in the carbon (C) cycle;
understanding of the interplay of coral reefs with the carbon (C) cycle
and marine pollution. The role of coral reefs as indicators of past and
present global change;
the impact of global change on the indigenous populations of the
region;
the study of the cryosphere, both at high altitude and high latitude for
the interpretation of past global change. Use of cryosphere studies as a
tool to improve the understanding of the processes and feedbacks of
global change;
the study of population growth, population dynamics, and
consumption patterns;
the use of biodiversity as a sensitive early warning signal of global
change. Determining the scientific basis for the conservation of
biodiversity; and
determining the impact of global change processes on very diverse
ecosystems.
Detailed national scientific agendas, as already adopted by the National
Committees for IGBP-WCRP, as well as future modifications to these agendas as
DRAFT
5
international collaboration is established, will be refined and defined in greater
DRAFT
detail through the National Committees. Development of specific mechanisms and
structures necessary to produce the results expected from the regional centres will
have to respond to a judicious and pragmatic mix of scientific, biogeographic, and
political considerations.
This proposed Western Hemisphere initiative for the Development of an
Institute for Global Change Research is consistent with the objectives and structure
of the IGBP Global Change System for Analysis, Research and Training (START).
Therefore, discussions should begin immediately with the START standing
Committee to ensure that the proposed Western Hemisphere Institute becomes a
part of Global Change START. The institute would then become the first important
initiative in the development of a network of regional centres with global coverage.
B.
The Regional Scientific Agenda for Global Change Research
The following scientific agenda was produced by the Working Group
synthesizing input from each of the participating countries. The connection of each
of the agenda's four sections to existing international global change and climate
programs is shown in each of four rectangular boxes displayed to the right of each
section.
1.
Identification, detection, background and monitoring
Monitoring along ecotones, land use, data collection and retrieval,
recent and distant past climate
Continental and sea ice variations
Coral Reefs
WCRP - IGBP
O₃
WCDP (WMO)
Biodiversity
Public attitudes, traditional knowledge
2.
Understanding mechanisms
Atmospheric chemistry and dynamics
Ocean dynamics, coastal zone, sea level changes, marine-biological
processes
Hurricane modelling, frequency, tracks
ENSO phenomena, Atlantic surface temperature effects
Climatic numerical simulation (GCM's, fine-mesh techniques [Andes-
plains effects])
Ecosystem dynamics
Past global changes
DRAFT
6
O₃
DRAFT
Hydrologic cycle
Tropical forests and C cycle
IGBP - WCRP
Coral reefs
HDGEC
Sediment dynamics
Natural gas emissions, waste disposal, land fills
Forest dynamics
Volcanoes
Economic models including environmental variables
Demographic processes including migration and urbanization
Lifestyle and consumption patterns, industrial metabolism
Sectoral policy
Poverty and equity issues
Conflict and national security
Land use change
3.
Impact estimation
Sea level rise, ground water (islands)
Climate impact on agriculture, forests, and natural ecosystems
Differential distribution of impact
International equity issues
IGBP
Vulnerability
HDGEC
Human comfort(?) and public health
4.
Mitigation, adaptation
Technological adaptation
Technology transfer, cooperation
Conservation
HDGEC
Ecologic/economic zoning
Energy
Education and public policy
Reclamation of degraded areas and reforestation
Macroeconomic management, sectoral policy
DRAFT
7
C.
Structuring this Inter-Disciplinary Scientific Agenda in Order to Be Receptive
DRAFT
to Broader Public Policy Needs
The Working Group considered ways in which the Institute could support
and incorporate broader public policy objectives. These are through:
I.
COOPERATION
A.
Encourage broad regional partnership amongst scientists and
policy-makers in the Institute's mission in order to promote
maximum regional cooperation;
B.
Cooperate with national, regional, and international institutions
and organizations concerned with global change research;
C.
Establish close links to other global change regional research
centres in order to develop the network of cooperating centres in
all parts of the globe as envisioned in the IGBP START
initiative.
II.
LINKAGES
A.
Define global change issues in a regional context and identify
regional scientific problems which might have global affects;
B.
Emphasize regionally relevant scientific parameters of global
change and their interrelationship with ecological processes, and
social and economic impacts.
C.
Develop the region's indigenous capacity to conduct scientific
assessments that cannot be carried out by international bodies.
III.
EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND DISSEMINATION OF
INFORMATION
A.
Educate a new cadre of scientists capable of pursuing
interdisciplinary and other broad-scale research relevant to
global change.
B.
Provide training in specific areas to fulfill the regional research
needs in global change.
C.
Identify ways to make policy-makers and private sector actors
more aware of global change issues (whether local, regional, or
DRAFT
8
global) in order to invoke, implement, or influence new policies
DRAFT
and to modify or change old policies.
D.
Concentrate on providing information to appropriate policy-
making bodies on local, national, regional, and international
levels.
E.
Identify the effects of cultural practices on global change and
investigate ways to mitigate their effects.
F.
Based on quantitative data about already detectable local or
environmental changes, prepare reports easily accessible to a
broader public.
G.
Establish mechanisms, such as a separate public relations
function, to synthesize and disseminate information and
research results as well as collect information regarding policy
needs from local and regional sources.
H.
Encourage improved use of the media to make global change
issues more understandable in local and national terms;
D.
Functions Needed to Support the Scientific Agenda
The Working Group addressed key issues necessary to support the scientific
Education. agenda. Four broad topics were identified. These are: Data, Research, Analysis, and
I.
DATA
A.
Promote the collection and analysis of global change data and
related information, including algorithms and research results.
B.
Provide a capability for data rescue and retrieval.
C.
Provide for the management of large data banks to allow for
appropriate data archival and exchange.
D.
Guarantee a data-interchange network among the parts of the
institute and national, regional, and international organizations
involved in global change research.
DRAFT
9
E.
Encourage the use of existing world standards for data collection
DRAFT
and exchange.
F.
Establish a library in which a directory is maintained of research
activities related to global change.
II.
RESEARCH
A.
Provide a capability for the conduct and/or support of basic and
applied research, including interdisciplinary studies of the
science, economics, and social impacts of global change.
B.
Coordinate and interact with the research programs of other
international and national organizations and universities
involved in global change research to promote complementarity
and avoid duplication of efforts.
C.
Encourage the sharing of scientific and technical resources
among countries in the region, and institutions ranging from
first-line, large, state-of-the-art technological institutions to other
smaller institutions, including a mechanism for the exchange of
scientists and staff.
D.
Provide a mechanism to ensure consistency among the
countries of the region regarding technical methodologies and
instrumentation needed to monitor and quantify change.
E.
Provide a mechanism to conduct research reviews.
III.
ANALYSIS
A.
Identify and provide access to equipment needed for the conduct
of monitoring programs.
B.
Encourage the development of regional conceptual and
predictive models that parallel and enhance the regional
resolution of global models.
IV.
HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
A.
Promote the continuous exchange of ideas for cooperative
global change research among countries of the region and
outside the region through a variety of fora (workshops,
conferences, training programs, etc.).
DRAFT
10
B.
Maintain a record of countries' needs, scientific questions, and
DRAFT
economic problems related to global change in an effort to
encourage focused research in these areas.
C.
Encourage policies that promote and advance the scientific
agenda.
E.
Evaluation Mechanisms Which Will Assure the Excellence and Credibility of
the Scientific Research Agenda
The Working Group addressed the question of how to assure excellence and
credibility of the scientific research agenda. Four key points were identified. These
are:
I.
Peer review of scientific projects should be conducted at more than one
stage in the proposal process.
II.
Working relationships should be promoted with academic institutions
and international organizations interested in participating in and
supporting peer review of regional research projects;
A.
The Institute should establish a data base of qualified individuals
in universities and institutions throughout the world who are
interested in acting as reviewers.
B.
The Institute should work closely with university
administration to attract young scientists as reviewers as well as
established researchers and academics.
III.
Scientists associated with the Institute should be encouraged to submit
project results to established scientific journals;
IV.
Every effort should be made to attract highly-qualified, independent
research scientists to manage the Institute's evaluation processes.
Working Group 2
The Working Group moved immediately to address how an Institute should
best be organized and also addressed questions related to its management and
functions. Subsequent discussion focussed on actions needed to follow-up on
DRAFT
11
implementing the Institute concept and identifying financial implications of
DRAFT
proposed activities.
Working Group members agreed that the Institute should be seen as a system
that would focus on multidisciplinary research related to global change and that it
should build on capabilities and facilities of existing institutions. It was noted,
however, that creating a new entity might ensure a truly regional programmatic
focus and avoid conflicts that could arise from trying to change or modify an
existing institution with ongoing research programs. The importance of reinforcing
institutional capacities and, where appropriate, creating new ones, in less well
endowed countries was also noted.
It was suggested that an Institute be established and organized on the basis of
several principles: the use a legal framework to establish long-term commitments;
use of geographical considerations in organizing the Institute's work, recognizing
that fulfillment of the scientific agenda requires involvement of all sub-regions
(The Bellagio Report may provide a useful guideline for the identification of sub-
regions); and the use of topical scientific considerations to insure that transregional
issues. Strong support was voiced for establishment of national coordinating
committees for global change research which could serve as national focal points for
the Institute.
The Working Group members accordingly concurred that the structure of the
Institute include activities at the national, sub-regional, and regional levels.
National research programs defined in response to national priorities and
coordinated through national mechanisms could be associated or affiliated with the
Institute and could be supported by and benefit from institute centers.
A central facility could conduct systematic observations and monitoring;
provide a range of data management functions. It could also provide
standardization and intercalibration of scientific instrumentation and methods;
high-capacity computer services; and conduct scientific seminars and conferences.
Special emphasis was given to the need for the Institute to play an active role
in training and technical assistance, especially for smaller countries which might be
more vulnerable to global change and which lack some of the technological
advantages of larger countries.
It was recommended that the Institute serve as a clearinghouse for
information and data on global change in the region. Such information is already
available in the region, but the mechanisms to share it are lacking. In this context it
was recognized that it will be necessary to assure that arrangements are made for the
open, free, and efficient exchange of data and information between the Institute and
the countries of the region.
DRAFT
12
DRAFT
It was recognized it will be necessary for the Institute to ensure that its
scientific programs are developed, reviewed, approved and funded on the basis of
scientific merit determined through a peer review process. This would require that
the Institute's organization provide for an independent scientific advisory body.
At the same time, the Institute will require a strong and effective
management structure which can assure appropriate interaction between the
Institute and its financial sponsors to, among other things, ensure accountability of
allocated funds.
The Working Group established a small sub-group which discussed a number
of different approaches to the structure and management of the Institute, based on
proposed topical and regional functions. The Working Group subsequently
recommended that the Institute be governed and directed by a management
structure which includes a General Assembly, a Science Advisory Committee, an
Executive Board, and an Director:
the General Assembly would meet every two years and be composed of
one Governmental representative from each participating country.
Such delegates should ideally represent their countries national
institutions involved in the Institute's research program and have the
authority to commit national resources. The Assembly would set
general policy direction; and approve the general scientific program
and budget, which would be developed by the Director, in consultation
with the Scientific Advisory Committee, and submitted by the
Executive Board; and approve the general financial policies, including
funding. The Assembly would designate the members who serve on
the Board.
the Scientific Advisory Committee would consist of individuals
recognized internationally for their scientific expertise in areas,
including the natural, social and political sciences, within the domain
of the Institute. This committee would provide regular scientific
advice and review of projects and make recommendations, for final
approval, to the General Assembly through the Executive Board. The
Scientific Advisory Committee would also advise the Director on
programme-related issues.
the Executive Board would consist of between six and ten voting
Members from the General Assembly and up to five ex-officio
nonvoting Members from other relevant scientific, policy-making, or
regional communities. The Board would serve as the executive body
for the Assembly. The Board would define the mission and provide
DRAFT
13
strategic policy direction and be responsible for implementing Institute
DRAFT
policy as approved by the Assembly.. The Board would meet at least
twice yearly to monitor progress and to receive and review
programmatic and budget recommendations developed by the Director
for submission to the General Assembly.
the Director would be appointed by and serve at the discretion of the
Executive Board. The Director would prepare programmatic and
budget recommendations for submission to the General Assembly
through the Executive Board. The Director would also obtain and
manage resources provided to the Institute, in consultation with the
Scientific Advisory Committee and the Executive Board. The Director
would be responsible for day-to-day coordination and execution of the
Institute's program as approved by the General Assembly. The Director
would ensure that the Institute's research program complements
related international programs and would assure effective interaction
among the programs. (See Appendix for a graphic representation of
the Institute's proposed governing structure.)
Working Group II set-up a small working group to propose outlines for the
development and implementation of the Institute concept. Among other things,
the group was to clarify the relative strength of the Director and the Board, the
relationship between the regional coordinating center and sub-regional centers, and
the relationship between national components and the Institute's program.
Working Group 2 discussed these proposals and as a result established a subsequent
sub-group to develop terms of reference (see Annex ) for an interim Working
Group, to be approved by the Workshop plenary, that should function as soon as
possible after the Workshop to further elaborate and follow up the proposals. The
Interim Working Group should complete its work by 15 January 1992 in order to
report to a second meeting of this Workshop, shortly thereafter. It is hoped that
detailed proposals for establishing the Institute would be ready for ministerial
approval by April/May 1992, in time for announcement at the June 1992 U.N.
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).
Working Group II discussed at some length the financing of the Institute. It
was noted that funding for the Institute's core program would probably be provided
by participating countries, and funds for special projects and programs would likely
be provided by multilateral institutions such as the World Bank, IDB, and
nongovernmental organizations.
It was recognized that it would be important to define the funding
requirements for start-up of the Institute and the method by which such funds
should be provided. It was noted that consideration should be given to the levels of
resources which potential host countries might be called upon to provide in
DRAFT
14
conjunction with the establishment and operation of a central facility or sub.
DRAFT
regional center. It was noted that local or sub-regional institutions associated with
the work of the Institute would be in a position to contribute resources in kind
through use of equipment and facilities, and through computer and other services.
It was agreed that countries would need time to adequately estimate the scope of
potential needs in both of these areas and of national contributions to meet them.
It was agreed that it would be important to establish and endowment for the
Institute in order to assure a degree of stability for funding of the Institute's
operations. All agreed that this concept has merit and should be explored further.
The suggestion that the Institute could perhaps be partially financed with debt
conversion sparked great interest. It was pointed out that, although using debt
conversion to finance operating expenses could in some instances add to
inflationary pressures, using debt conversion to build up the endowment would not
have the same effect.
Opinions varied on the desirability of permitting contributors to "earmark"
funds. While some found this desirable and practical, others expressed concern that
earmarking funds could make it difficult to attract funds for the core operating
budget, which donors might not consider as interesting as special projects.
It was agreed that establishment and effective long-term operation of the
Institute could have substantial financial implications for the countries of the
region, as well as other potential sponsors. Therefore, it is essential that budgets for
the start-up and operating costs be thoughtfully and carefully prepared. In addition,
it will be important to consider the extent to which the system should fund sub-
regional and/or centers. It was agreed that the proposed working group should
address these issues as a matter of priority.
REPORT OF WORKING GROUP 3:
CRITERIA FOR SITE SELECTION
The criteria developed by Working Group 3 to govern site selection for the
sub-regional centers which, together, comprise the Institute, were based on the
recommendations from the other working groups as to the scientific agenda and the
overall organization of the Institute.
Taking into consideration the proposed organizational chart for the execution
of the general program for global change in the Western Hemisphere, it was
considered that the overall Institute administration could be located at any one of
the sub-regional centers which contain the necessary facilities for the effective
implementation of its functions.
DRAFT
15
DRAFT
The Working Group began deliberations by considering relevant criteria
developed through the IGBP/Bellagio meeting of December 1990 which compiled
recommendations for the IGBP/START initiative.
Overall, it was agreed that efforts should be made to promote the affiliation
and, whenever necessary, the development of centers in major areas of the region
defined in terms of one or more of the following: biome, climate, geography and
relevance to global change.
The number of these areas should not be predetermined; the Bellagio Report
may provide a useful guideline for identification of potential sub-regions.
It was further agreed that the sub-regional centers of the Institute need not be
wholly devoted to global change research but rather should contain sectors fully
competent in critical aspects of global change research.
The Working Group considered that the use of existing resources as a criteria
for selecting sub-regional centers be applied carefully so as not to bias the selection of
sites to those that are currently most fully equipped. The Working Group agreed
that the potential for subsequently obtaining resources through Institute funding
and/or other means should be taken into consideration when selecting sites. This
will provide means to complement established facilities. In addition, it was noted
that some potential sites might be able to contribute valuable in-kind resources,
including experienced personnel and/or unique location, and therefore should not
be eliminated from consideration solely on the basis of their limited physical
facilities. Concern was expressed that the Institute not serve to enhance already well-
equipped centers at the expense of more modest research facilities.
The Working Group also agreed that sub-regional centers not be forced to
adhere to or be derived from pre-determined geographic boundaries, but rather that
sites be selected based on their ability to contribute to the overall objectives of the
Institute. There should be no artificial limit to the number of centers in a given
geographic region. When conditions require it and/or possibilities permit it, sub-
centers in each of the identified regions could be established.
It was recommended that the centers should provide opportunities for
education and training to improve the professional skills of local and foreign
scientists, and to contribute to the development of interdisciplinary studies.
Computing and library facilities will be necessary to fulfill these objectives.
The Working Group also discussed adopting a mechanism for evaluating
offers for hosting sub-regional centers. It was agreed that actual site selection must
not begin until the governing bodies have been established. The interim committee
DRAFT
16
should, however, begin developing a process, drawing upon these criteria, for
DRAFT
reviewing proposals which will later be submitted by interested countries.
Working Group 3 recommended that the following criteria be applied in
evaluating proposals for sub-regional centers of the Institute:
CRITERIA
(No priority implied)
Ease of access to the site for visiting scientists and technicians (including
transportation, immigration, etc.);
Availability of essential logistics support (mail, reasonable
telecommunications capability, housing, etc.);
Demonstrable interest of scientists and governments in conducting global
change research, and cooperating with other institutions;
The existence of a scientific institution or "nucleus" at the site engaged, in
whole or in substantive part, in active global change research;
Presumption of long-term stability of interest and support for research
objectives of the Institute;
Ability to contribute resources to the overall Institute (through areas of
specialty, expertise, location, etc.).
DRAFT
17
Terms of Reference for Working Group on a
Western Hemisphere Research Institute for Global Change
(revised)
Authority
To further the work of the "Workshop for the Development of a Western
Hemisphere Institute for Global Change Research," held in San Juan, Puerto Rico,
15-19 July 1991, the representatives of the participating countries established an
interim Working Group to prepare more detailed proposals to be presented to a
second workshop to be held in 1992.
Composition
The Working Group shall be composed of 12 members. These shall include
8 participants in the San Juan Workshop -- 2 from North America, 1 from Central
America; 1 from the Caribean; and 4 from South America (1 from northern South
America; 1 from southern South America; 1 at-large; and 1 from Brazil). Four
members shall be scientists designated by ICSU, taking into account nominations
from the countries of the region. The Group would select its chairman from among
its members. The Working Group will be supported by the services of a small
secretariat, provided by the U.S.A.
Mandate
The Working Group is charged to develop options and prepare detailed
proposals, including, where appropriate, alternative options, based on the
deliberations and outcomes of the San Juan Workshop for the Development of a
Western Hemisphere Research Institute for Global Change.
Tasks
Specifically, the Working Group is tasked to develop options and prepare
proposals for:
Institute; the organization, structure, functions and governing body for the
operational procedures and staffing;
incorporating the needs of the scientific agenda in the structure and
operation of the Institute;
preparation of a budget and funding strategy, including the need to
include multiple funding sources (national contriutions, private
foundations, and innovative sources such as "debt for science swaps"),
and the possibilities for establishing an endowment fund;
criteria for location of the centralized Institute(s) and regional institutes
within a research network for global change;
develop procedures for consideration of proposals from countries
interested in hosting the Institute and components thereof; and
framework options for a legal agreement to establish an institute, its
legal identity, and its legal and institutional relationships with
institutes in the research network.
Consultation
In preparing the proposals, the Working Group will consult with all
interested countries in the hemisphere and with potential donors, and may seek
advice from other relevant bodies, as appropriate.
Reporting
The Working Group will prepare a draft report, in English and Spanish, for
circulation and comment to all interested countries in the region by 15 January 1992.
Dissolution
The Working Group will be dissolved at the high-level meeting, probably to
be held in April/May 1992, when their report will be tabled.
High-Level Meeting
It is proposed that a high-level meeting be convened in April/May 1992 to
consider the options, recommendations, and other results of the second Workshop.
Beener
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 12, 1991
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
Anan
FROM:
D. ALLAN BROMLEY
SUBJECT
Global Change Research Institutes
The purpose of this memo is to provide you with some information on a very successful,
recent development from your April 1990 White House Conference on Science and
Economics Research Related to Global Change.
Background
At the White House Conference on Science and Economics Research Related to Global
Change in April 1990, you proposed the establishment of several global change research
institutes to bring together the critical mass of research and capabilities to undertake
global change research in three important regions of the world: the Americas,
Europe/Africa, and the far East/SW Pacific.
It was decided that the first institute to be set up should be an Institute in the Western
Hemisphere (the Americas) and, to carry out the detailed planning for setting up such
an institute, the U.S. hosted an international workshop this past July in Puerto Rico.
The workshop was sponsored by the FCCSET Committee on Earth and Environmental
Sciences (CEES) Global Change Working Group.
The Workshop
Representatives of 22 countries from the region plus a number of "observer" countries
and international organizations attended the workshop in San Juan, Puerto Rico, from
July 15-19, 1991. All of the countries you visited during your trip to Latin America
were enthusiastically represented and provided very constructive support for the
institute concept.
During the workshop, the attendees prepared options/recommendations on three
specific issues: (1) The science agenda, (2) Organization and management, and (3)
Criteria for selection of a site or sites. A draft workshop report was produced,
consisting of the three working group reports and statements delivered by participating
countries and organizations. An interim Working Group of representatives from
participating countries was formed to further develop the specific options for
consideration by a high-level group in April 1992.
Future Actions:
A second workshop has been planned for March 1992 with the same composition as the
Puerto Rico workshop to finish the work of the Interim Group and plan for the high
level meeting in April 1992 where commitments will be made on the science agenda,
organization/management details, and selection of the site(s) for the institute. It is
hoped that detailed proposals for establishing this first InterAmerican Institute for
Global Change Research will be ready for high-level approval by April/May 1992, in
time for announcement at the June 1992 UN Conference on Environment and
Development (UNCED).
Comment
In my estimation, the workshop was a genuine success scientifically, politically, and
substantively. The original premise of this workshop was to have the concept
development and the detailed planning accomplished by the countries in the region in
order to promote a sense of ownership by those countries. This objective was, indeed,
accomplished and there was a remarkable degree of cooperation among the
participants.
It is significant that this first institute - as a prototype for the others proposed by the
US to follow - will be a concrete and very positive indication that the US means
business in our pledge to work with developing countries as well as other developed
countries to address the important science questions on global change on both a
global and regional basis. In addition, it also makes clear that we are serious in our
statements that we do want to help developing countries strengthen their own
infrastructure, expertise, and capabilities to study and deal with global climate change
and its impacts.
The successful implementation of the institute concept will strengthen our position in
the continuing climate change discussions by demonstrating that your administration is,
indeed, continuing to take action.
The institute concept is also a positive, new tangible contribution/proposal that the US
may wish to bring to the table at UNCED.
I shall be happy to provide any additional details that might be of interest concerning
this Western Hemisphere Institute.
In parallel with this we are concentrating our efforts thus far successfully to redirect
the activities of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), that
we rejoined recently, toward environmental matters so that it can provide the Europe
-Africa focus for a second institute. We are also in contact with the Indonesians,
Japanese, Koreans, Australians, and New Zealanders concerning a Western Pacific rim
institute. The Indonesians are particularly enthusiastic about hosting such an institute
but are waiting to see how the Western Hemisphere one develops as a possible model
for their efforts. Once all three of the institutes that you suggested last April are in
place we can work to build strong latitudinal ties and thus have a global network to
address what is truly a global issue.
The response in general has been enthusiastic and I shall keep you informed.
bcc: The Honorbale John H. Sununu
OSTP STAFFING SHEET would fred dotted
Presidential letter W BCC-Senere
SUBJECT:
ORIGINATOR: Nancy May rod
PHONE X6202
DATE ORIGINATED: 8-10
DATE DUE
CORR TRACKING NO:
EXTERNAL COORDINATION:
COMMENTS
DATE
DIRECTOR
CHIEF OF STAFF
GENERAL COUNSEL
EXEC. ASST.
ACTION REQUESTED:
COMMENTS
COORDINATION
DATE
Concur
Henderson, D.A.
Nonconcur
Concur
Phillips, W.
Nonconcur
Concur
Ratchford, J.T.
Nonconcur
Concur
Wong, E.
Nonconcur
Concur
Nt.M
8-13
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
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Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
Concur
Nonconcur
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 30, 1991
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
D. ALLAN BROMLEY
SUBJECT
Global Change Research Institutes
The purpose of this memo is to provide your you with some information on a very
successful, recent development from the April 1990 White House Conference on
Science and Economics Research Related to Global Change.
Background
you The
At the White House Conference on Science and Economics
Global Change in April 1990, a proposal was presented by the US to establish several
global change research institutes to bring together the critical mass of research and
capabilities to undertake global change research in three important regions of the
world: the Americas, Europe/Africa, and the far East/SW Pacific.
It was decided that the first institute to be set up should be an Institute in the
Western Hemisphere (the Americas) and, to carry out the detailed planning for
setting up such an institute, the U.S. hosted an international workshop this past July
in Puerto Rico. The workshop was sponsored by the FCCSET Committee on Earth
and Environmental Sciences (CEES) Global Change Working Group.
The Workshop
Representatives of 22 countries from the region plus a number of "observer" countries
and international organizations attended the workshop in San Juan, Puerto Rico,
from July 15-19, 1991. All of the countries you visited during your trip to Latin
America were enthusiastically represented and provided very constructive support for
the institute concept.
During the workshop, the attendees prepared options/recommendations on three
specific issues: (1) The science agenda, (2) Organization and management, and (3)
Criteria for selection of a site or sites. A draft workshop report was produced,
consisting of the three working group reports and statements delivered by
participating countries and organizations. An interim Working Group of
representatives from participating countries was formed to further develop the specific
options for consideration by a high-level group in April 1992.
thatar pepined recently turard
environmalmatter to that it an puovide
the Surope-Africa focas for a recead Institudi.
my are also in contact m Th The Indonesian
Japaniae, Variam, Autralians and New
zealanders concerning a writern Pacific
run institute. the Indinirians all
particularly enthuraster about
hasting puchan institute but are
waiting to fu how the Western
Hemisphu one develops ala passible
madel fritheir effacts.
Once all Thru дтим institutes that you
puggested last sprilare in place are
can mark to build latterdinal
strong
ties and Thus have a hetwork to
andrea what is truly 9 global has issue.
the perponse in general the been
enthurastic and Ishall kup you
informed.
Future Actions:
A second workshop has been planned for March 1992 with the same composition as
the Puerto Rico workshop to finish the work of the Interim Group and plan for the
high level meeting in April 1992 where commitments will be made on the science
agenda, organization/management details, and selection of the site(s) for the institute.
It is hoped that detailed proposals for establishing this first InterAmerican Institute
for Global Change Research will be ready for high-level approval by April/May 1992,
in time for announcement at the June 1992 UN Conference on Environment and
Development (UNCED).
Comment
In my estimation, the workshop was a genuine success - scientifically, politically, and
substantively. The original premise of this workshop was to have the concept
development and the detailed planning accomplished by the countries in the
region in order to promote a sense of ownership by those countries. This objective
was, indeed, accomplished and there was a remarkable degree of cooperation among
the participants.
It is significant that this first institute - as a prototype for the others proposed by
the US to follow - will be a concrete and very positive indication that the US means
business in our pledge to work with developing countries as well as other developed
countries to address the important science questions on global change - on both a
global and regional basis. In addition, it also makes clear that we are serious in our
statements that we do want to help developing countries strengthen their own
infrastructure, expertise, and capabilities to study and deal with global climate
change and its impacts.
There is по question The that successful implementation of the institute concept will
strengthen our position in the continuing climate change discussions by
demonstrating that is, indeed, continuing to take action.
your Ad-ninistrction
Finally,The institute concept is also a positive, new tangible contribution/proposal
that the US may wish to bring to the table at UNCED.
Ishall be happyto frairds any additional
ddadi that muga be conserning this
queatera Hemis phere initiative
dhuallel with This we are continueng
our effarto-Thuefar successfully-to
reduct The activities the International (TTASA)
Institute fn Applied Sy time Analy seon