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Institute - International Union of Pure and Applied Physics [1991]
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: 2005-0336-F 2005-0336-F FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Science and Technology Policy, Office of (OSTP) Series: Bromley, D. Allan, Files Subseries: Organization Files - Non-Government Organizations OA/ID Number: 62085 Folder ID Number: 62085-016 Folder Title: Institute - International Union of Pure and Applied Physics [1991] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: 0 0 0 0 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 8, 1991 MEMORANDUM FOR JOHN SUNUNU FROM: D. ALLAN BROMLEY Ana SUBJECT: TECHNOLOGY AND A PRODUCTIVE AMERICA We recently discussed the possibility of recapturing for the President the political initiative in the area of technology and its impact on American productivity. As a first step in a program to this end, building on one of your specific suggestions, I enclose herein three short documents. 1. An overall statement of the Bush Administration's policies in this area. 2. A brief listing of activities and accomplishments of the Bush Administration. 3. An outline proposal for a Presidential level conference that could be announced before the end of the year and held in March or April of 1992. These are attached as appendices 1, 2, and 3, respectively. I would very much appreciate your suggestions and reactions. If you agree with the general thrust, after making whatever changes you may wish to suggest I would want to get the input and support of Dick Darman, Mike Boskin, and Roger Porter in developing a document that we could present to the President for his possible approval. I am confident that we can count on enthusiastic participation from most of the Cabinet Members, based on general conversations that I have had with many - of them over the past two months. I am confident that industrial leaders would respond equally well. I would look forward to discussing this with you once you have had an opportunity to glance through the enclosed material and will welcome your comments and suggestions. I remain convinced that there is a very exciting opportunity here, if properly addressed, to highlight the President's leadership in an area of critical importance to our Nation. Attachments APPENDIX 1: THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN BUSH ADMINISTRATION POLICIES CONCEPT That the President should adopt technological excellence as a theme of the 1992 campaign and as an important component of the Administration's focus on investing in the future. As part of this effort, the President should convene and host in early 1992 a national conference on "Technology for a Productive America," which would bring together key government officials and business leaders to establish a shared vision of how America can more effectively develop and deploy technology. BACKGROUND Throughout its history, the United States has served as a magnet for people who wished to live and work in a country that permits the fullest expression of their innate abilities. Our traditions of freedom, individual mobility, access to quality education, and minimal government interference have led to America's becoming a world leader in such diverse areas as the arts, higher education, business, scientific research, defense capability, economic growth, manufacturing productivity, and concern for the environment. In our ability to work and express ourselves in unfettered fashion, the United States has also served as a model to which other nations have aspired. Today the results of those aspirations are abundantly evident. The dramatic tide of political and economic reform in the Eastern European countries and Soviet Union is only the most recent example, with other examples sure to follow. The development and application of technology have been integral parts of America's history and of our ideas about ourselves. This country was born during the Industrial Revolution, pioneered many of the inventions that shaped life in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is today leading the world through the Information Age into an era of unimagined possibilities. We are known worldwide for our "can do" spirit and for the work ethic of our people. In science fairs and engineering competitions, our best students stand head and shoulders above students from any other country. Appendix 1 Page 2 Our workforce, schooled in the American tradition of freedom and self-reliance, is among the most adaptable and flexible in the world. The effective application of technology has become a key element in the success of virtually every company in America -- and therefore a major source of economic growth. To achieve its greatest returns, leading-edge technology must be fully integrated with astute management practices, skilled workers, and high levels of investment. But world leadership in commerce is no longer possible without world- class technology. Similarly, technology is playing an ever more pervasive and influential part in our daily lives. Today most Americans take for granted a standard of warmth, cleanliness, food, medical care, music, and entertainment that was undreamt of 150 -- or even 50 -- years ago. This great surge forward in our standard of living can and will continue, and one of our greatest challenges is to ensure that an ever greater fraction of our citizenry enjoys this heightened quality of life. Our resourcefulness, optimism, and entrepreneurial genius, coupled with our abundant natural resources and favorable political climate, have fueled our long history of unparalleled agricultural and industrial growth. This growth, in turn, has created opportunities for vast improvements in health care, education, and science, which has led to still further advances in productivity. This powerful reinforcing cycle has made America one of the most creative and productive societies in history. This country has many other strengths. In most respects, the United States continues to have the strongest science and technology enterprise the world has ever known. Quality in all sectors of the economy is becoming a national focus. The success of Operation Desert Storm restored pride and confidence in the American ability to innovate, organize, meet the challenge of an external threat, and work together in achieving a shared objective. That same spirit can spur greater productivity, quality improvement, and economic growth. But past successes must not lead to complacency. One of the most important lessons of history is that a nation must continuously renew itself and strive for improvement if it is to continue to prosper. Several emerging trends are grounds for concern and renewed American commitment. Low savings rates, compounded by the size of the U.S. budget deficit, have reduced investment in new productive capacity. For example, Japan, with an economy half the size of America's, now invests more each year than we do in new plant and equipment. As a result, new technologies are incorporated into productive capacity in Japan much more rapidly than they are here. In addition, a number of countries have become more adept than have U.S. innovators at incorporating new ideas and devices into new products and processes. Successful industrial production is today characterized by continuous innovation and unprecedented levels of production flexibility. Appendix 1 Page 3 The United States has been and will remain vigilant and prepared in all matters concerning national security. We must be equally conscious of the need to ensure that our institutions and individuals have the opportunity to achieve everything they set out to achieve. The Development and Deployment of Technology The public and private sectors both support extensive technology development. The private sector spent $46 billion on the development of products and processes in 1989; the federal government spent $31 billion. Private industry supports the development of technology to achieve greater success in the marketplace. The federal government supports technology development to meet broad national needs in such areas as defense, health, energy, space exploration, and agriculture. But continued improvement in national productivity and therefore in the American standard of living -- depends not only on the development of technology but on its effective deployment. In 1990 U.S. business invested over $500 billion in new plant and equipment; a substantial fraction of this investment incorporated advanced technology. Firms also continually make decisions about what kinds of goods and services to offer, how best to produce those goods or provide those services, what kinds of employees to hire, how best to train those employees and all of these decisions increasingly involve technology. Government cannot and should not make those decisions for private industry. But government can help create an environment in which institutions have the opportunity to achieve their fullest technological potential. Through its fiscal, regulatory, and trade policies, the federal government can reduce the risk for companies that are developing and deploying advanced technologies. It can work with the private sector to foster technologies that have broad application in both government and industry. It can catalyze educational reform to help ensure adequate levels of training in the - workforce. And the President, as the leader of the nation, can provide a national vision and the leadership needed for all Americans and their institutions to realize that vision. Political Considerations and Future Prospects Early statements by the Democratic Presidential candidates indicate that technology will be a major focus of the 1992 Presidential election. The Democrats are positioning themselves to seize the initiative on this issue, despite the Administration's solid record of accomplishments in technology. The upcoming campaign will therefore require that the President reiterate Bush Administration policies and focus on the tremendous benefits to be gained by the more effective development and deployment of technology. Appendix 1 Page 4 The stakes surrounding technology development are large. Over the next few decades, scientific research and technological advances are going to present us with unprecedented opportunities. The transformation of the workplace through its integration into global networks of information, new forms of energy and transportation, the conquest of illness -- including mental illness -- all of these developments and many more are now within our reach. Furthermore, the greatest opportunities are likely to be those that we cannot today foresee. The United States will have a tremendous opportunity to strengthen its economy and boost its citizens' quality of life if it can develop and apply the technologies that emerge from these advances. We must take steps now to prepare ourselves for these difficult-to-predict but inevitable developments. We must challenge all Americans to realize their fullest potential, strive for continuous improvement, and rededicate themselves to excellence. # APPENDIX 2: CURRENT BUSH ADMINISTRATION POLICIES THAT AFFECT TECHNOLOGY The Bush Administration has an outstanding record of supporting and fostering the creation of innovative technology. These efforts must continue if the United States is to remain at the forefront of the technological frontier. Many Administration policies are not generally framed in terms of their direct or indirect effect on technology. Viewing these policies in the context of technology casts them in a new light, suggesting new means of implementing and promoting Administration positions. What follows is a very selective view of Administration policies as they affect technology -- a "technology policy" in the broadest sense of the phrase. Fiscal and Monetary Policy The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 will reduce federal deficits by nearly $500 billion over the next five years, increasing the pool of capital available to fuel technological advances and economic growth. Better control of the deficit also enhances the opportunity for the Federal Reserve to pursue a noninflationary monetary policy. The proposed reduction in the tax rate on capital gains, greater flexibility for IRA withdrawals, and family savings accounts would all encourage long-term investments - in resources and activities that enhance productivity. It would also encourage the entrepreneurship that is essential to the creation of new jobs and the commercialization of new ideas. Making the research and experimentation (R&E) tax credit permanent, as proposed by the Administration, would boost private sector R&D and provide more certainty for firms as they make investment plans. Legal and Regulatory Policy The Administration is promoting a legal and regulatory environment that provides stability for innovation without unnecessary barriers to private investments in R&D and domestic production. Appendix 2 Page 2 The proposed expansion of the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984, which allowed companies to form consortia for precompetitive research and technology development, would extend the same provisions to joint production ventures, promoting the commercialization of new technologies. Support for a single uniform liability law, as proposed by the Administration, would restore balance to the tort system and reduce the uncertainty surrounding the introduction of new products. International Policies The Administration is continuing to encourage international cooperation in science and technology for the benefit of all nations. The Federal Government has participated aggressively in international standardization efforts to achieve greater harmonization of regulations and standards for products and processes. The Administration has been working for better international protection of intellectual property to allow more benefits to be recovered from R&D investments. Support for Research and Development The Bush Administration has proposed substantial increases in research and development in each of its budgets. In the FY 1992 budget, for example, the Administration proposed a record $76 billion in research and development, an increase of 13 percent over FY 1991 enacted levels, despite the constraints of the budget agreement. Activities targeted for increases include: -- Basic research at the National Institutes of Health -- Basic research at the National Science Foundation -- R&D at the National Institute of Standards and Technology -- Defense R&D -- Space activities -- Global change research -- Biotechnology R&D -- Competitive grants at the Department of Agriculture -- Superconducting Super Collider -- High performance computing and communications -- Energy R&D -- Aeronautics R&D The President has announced several major budget-related initiatives that heavily Appendix 2 Page 3 involve technology, including Presidential initiatives in high performance computing and communications and mathematics and science education. The Administration has been participating with the private sector in precompetitive research on generic, enabling technologies that have the potential to contribute to a broad range of government and commercial applications. The Administration is maintaining a strong defense technology base to provide options for future weapons systems and countermeasures development and to help avoid technological surprises by potential adversaries. Emphasis must be placed on shortening the time requirements for transferring R&D results to production and on using commercial products to the maximum extent possible. Federal-Private Partnerships and Technology Transfer The Administration is increasing collaborations among industry, Federal laboratories, and universities, including personnel exchanges, to help convert Federally supported R&D into new technologies that the private sector can then turn into commercial products and processes. More than 500 cooperative R&D agreements between private sector entities and Federal laboratories are in effect, as provided for by the Technology Transfer Act of 1986. The Federal Government has improved opportunities for the private sector to commercialize technologies and computer software developed during the performance of government contracts by allowing contractors to retain rights in technical data and by protecting their trade secrets. Education and Training The Administration has organized all federal activities in mathematics and science education into an integrated interagency program and has recommended, in the FY 1992 budget, a 13 percent increase for that effort. The AMERICA 2000 strategy has furthered the national goal of establishing standards for what students should know in mathematics and science as they progress through elementary and secondary school, fostering new methods of assessment that can spur educational reform and achievement. # APPENDIX 3: PROPOSAL FOR A CONFERENCE ON "TECHNOLOGY FOR A PRODUCTIVE AMERICA" The shared interest of the federal government and the private sector in fostering technological excellence calls for a close working relationship between government and industry. The proposed conference "Technology for a Productive America" is to be a clarion call for forging such a long-term relationship. The conference would be held in early 1992. Attendees would include the President, key Administration officials, up to 200 industrial leaders (including Chief Executive Officers, Chief Financial Officers, Presidents, Chief Operating Officers, and top technical and research officials), and labor leaders. At an opening plenary session, the President could summarize the current state of American technological achievement and present a vision of where we hope to be as we enter the 21st century. The vision could focus on American strengths in science and technology and on ways of using those strengths to enhance economic growth. It would emphasize the factors that allow us to make the best use of our technology: the creative genius and entrepreneurial spirit of our citizens, the political and economic systems that allow these attributes to flourish. After the opening plenary session, conference attendees would divide into working groups in which each level of federal official would meet with the corresponding level of private sector official: the President with CEOs; appropriate Cabinet officers with Presidents, Chief Operating Officers, and labor leaders; and R&D executives with federal science and technology officials. Summaries of the working group deliberations and conclusions would be available in a final plenary session and could be woven into a closing address by the President. Among the desired outcomes of the conference are: A consensus on the basic principles that inform both public sector and private sector actions affecting technology. Enhanced visibility for Administration initiatives and a commitment for further action. The development of mechanisms to follow up on actions emerging from the conference. Appendix 3 Page 2 A final Presidential statement summarizing the results of the conference and the steps needed to realize the vision developed at the conference. As the first step in the planning of such a conference, a steering group of Administration officials should be formed -- augmented by private sector leaders at a somewhat later date -- to plan its format and agenda and to discuss its relationship to other Administration activities. # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 8, 1991 MEMORANDUM FOR JOHN SUNUNU FROM: D. ALLAN BROMLEY Mar SUBJECT: TECHNOLOGY AND A PRODUCTIVE AMERICA We recently discussed the possibility of recapturing for the President the political initiative in the area of technology and its impact on American productivity. As a first step in a program to this end, building on one of your specific suggestions, I enclose herein three short documents. 1. An overall statement of the Bush Administration's policies in this area. 2. A brief listing of activities and accomplishments of the Bush Administration. 3. An outline proposal for a Presidential level conference that could be announced before the end of the year and held in March or April of 1992. These are attached as appendices 1, 2, and 3, respectively. I would very much appreciate your suggestions and reactions. If you agree with the general thrust, after making whatever changes you may wish to suggest I would want to get the input and support of Dick Darman, Mike Boskin, and Roger Porter in developing a document that we could present to the President for his possible approval. I am confident that we can count on enthusiastic participation from most of the Cabinet Members, based on general conversations that I have had with many - of them over the past two months. I am confident that industrial leaders would respond equally well. I would look forward to discussing this with you once you have had an opportunity to glance through the enclosed material and will welcome your comments and suggestions. I remain convinced that there is a very exciting opportunity here, if properly addressed, to highlight the President's leadership in an area of critical importance to our Nation. Attachments APPENDIX 1: THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN BUSH ADMINISTRATION POLICIES CONCEPT That the President should adopt technological excellence as a theme of the 1992 campaign and as an important component of the Administration's focus on investing in the future. As part of this effort, the President should convene and host in early 1992 a national conference on "Technology for a Productive America," which would bring together key government officials and business leaders to establish a shared vision of how America can more effectively develop and deploy technology. BACKGROUND Throughout its history, the United States has served as a magnet for people who wished to live and work in a country that permits the fullest expression of their innate abilities. Our traditions of freedom, individual mobility, access to quality education, and minimal government interference have led to America's becoming a world leader in such diverse areas as the arts, higher education, business, scientific research, defense capability, economic growth, manufacturing productivity, and concern for the environment. In our ability to work and express ourselves in unfettered fashion, the United States has also served as a model to which other nations have aspired. Today the results of those aspirations are abundantly evident. The dramatic tide of political and economic reform in the Eastern European countries and Soviet Union is only the most recent example, with other examples sure to follow. The development and application of technology have been integral parts of America's history and of our ideas about ourselves. This country was born during the Industrial Revolution, pioneered many of the inventions that shaped life in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is today leading the world through the Information Age into an era of unimagined possibilities. We are known worldwide for our "can do" spirit and for the work ethic of our people. In science fairs and engineering competitions, our best students stand head and shoulders above students from any other country. Appendix 1 Page 2 Our workforce, schooled in the American tradition of freedom and self-reliance, is among the most adaptable and flexible in the world. The effective application of technology has become a key element in the success of virtually every company in America and therefore a major source of economic growth. To achieve its greatest returns, leading-edge technology must be fully integrated with astute management practices, skilled workers, and high levels of investment. But world leadership in commerce is no longer possible without world- class technology. Similarly, technology is playing an ever more pervasive and influential part in our daily lives. Today most Americans take for granted a standard of warmth, cleanliness, food, medical care, music, and entertainment that was undreamt of 150 -- or even 50 -- years ago. This great surge forward in our standard of living can and will continue, and one of our greatest challenges is to ensure that an ever greater fraction of our citizenry enjoys this heightened quality of life. Our resourcefulness, optimism, and entrepreneurial genius, coupled with our abundant natural resources and favorable political climate, have fueled our long history of unparalleled agricultural and industrial growth. This growth, in turn, has created opportunities for vast improvements in health care, education, and science, which has led to still further advances in productivity. This powerful reinforcing cycle has made America one of the most creative and productive societies in history. This country has many other strengths. In most respects, the United States continues to have the strongest science and technology enterprise the world has ever known. Quality in all sectors of the economy is becoming a national focus. The success of Operation Desert Storm restored pride and confidence in the American ability to innovate, organize, meet the challenge of an external threat, and work together in achieving a shared objective. That same spirit can spur greater productivity, quality improvement, and economic growth. But past successes must not lead to complacency. One of the most important lessons of history is that a nation must continuously renew itself and strive for improvement if it is to continue to prosper. Several emerging trends are grounds for concern and renewed American commitment. Low savings rates, compounded by the size of the U.S. budget deficit, have reduced investment in new productive capacity. For example, Japan, with an economy half the size of America's, now invests more each year than we do in new plant and equipment. As a result, new technologies are incorporated into productive capacity in Japan much more rapidly than they are here. In addition, a number of countries have become more adept than have U.S. innovators at incorporating new ideas and devices into new products and processes. Successful industrial production is today characterized by continuous innovation and unprecedented levels of production flexibility. Appendix 1 Page 3 The United States has been and will remain vigilant and prepared in all matters concerning national security. We must be equally conscious of the need to ensure that our institutions and individuals have the opportunity to achieve everything they set out to achieve. The Development and Deployment of Technology The public and private sectors both support extensive technology development. The private sector spent $46 billion on the development of products and processes in 1989; the federal government spent $31 billion. Private industry supports the development of technology to achieve greater success in the marketplace. The federal government supports technology development to meet broad national needs in such areas as defense, health, energy, space exploration, and agriculture. But continued improvement in national productivity -- and therefore in the American standard of living depends not only on the development of technology but on its effective deployment. In 1990 U.S. business invested over $500 billion in new plant and equipment; a substantial fraction of this investment incorporated advanced technology. Firms also continually make decisions about what kinds of goods and services to offer, how best to produce those goods or provide those services, what kinds of employees to hire, how best to train those employees -- and all of these decisions increasingly involve technology. Government cannot and should not make those decisions for private industry. But government can help create an environment in which institutions have the opportunity to achieve their fullest technological potential. Through its fiscal, regulatory, and trade policies, the federal government can reduce the risk for companies that are developing and deploying advanced technologies. It can work with the private sector to foster technologies that have broad application in both government and industry. It can catalyze educational reform to help ensure adequate levels of training in the workforce. And the President, as the leader of the nation, can provide a national vision and the leadership needed for all Americans and their institutions to realize that vision. Political Considerations and Future Prospects Early statements by the Democratic Presidential candidates indicate that technology will be a major focus of the 1992 Presidential election. The Democrats are positioning themselves to seize the initiative on this issue, despite the Administration's solid record of accomplishments in technology. The upcoming campaign will therefore require that the President reiterate Bush Administration policies and focus on the tremendous benefits to be gained by the more effective development and deployment of technology. Appendix 1 Page 4 The stakes surrounding technology development are large. Over the next few decades, scientific research and technological advances are going to present us with unprecedented opportunities. The transformation of the workplace through its integration into global networks of information, new forms of energy and transportation, the conquest of illness -- including mental illness -- all of these developments and many more are now within our reach. Furthermore, the greatest opportunities are likely to be those that we cannot today foresee. The United States will have a tremendous opportunity to strengthen its economy and boost its citizens' quality of life if it can develop and apply the technologies that emerge from these advances. We must take steps now to prepare ourselves for these difficult-to-predict but inevitable developments. We must challenge all Americans to realize their fullest potential, strive for continuous improvement, and rededicate themselves to excellence. # APPENDIX 2: CURRENT BUSH ADMINISTRATION POLICIES THAT AFFECT TECHNOLOGY The Bush Administration has an outstanding record of supporting and fostering the creation of innovative technology. These efforts must continue if the United States is to remain at the forefront of the technological frontier. Many Administration policies are not generally framed in terms of their direct or indirect effect on technology. Viewing these policies in the context of technology casts them in a new light, suggesting new means of implementing and promoting Administration positions. What follows is a very selective view of Administration policies as they affect technology -- a "technology policy" in the broadest sense of the phrase. Fiscal and Monetary Policy The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 will reduce federal deficits by nearly $500 billion over the next five years, increasing the pool of capital available to fuel technological advances and economic growth. Better control of the deficit also enhances the opportunity for the Federal Reserve to pursue a noninflationary monetary policy. The proposed reduction in the tax rate on capital gains, greater flexibility for IRA withdrawals, and family savings accounts would all encourage long-term investments in resources and activities that enhance productivity. It would also encourage the entrepreneurship that is essential to the creation of new jobs and the commercialization of new ideas. Making the research and experimentation (R&E) tax credit permanent, as proposed by the Administration, would boost private sector R&D and provide more certainty for firms as they make investment plans. Legal and Regulatory Policy The Administration is promoting a legal and regulatory environment that provides stability for innovation without unnecessary barriers to private investments in R&D and domestic production. Appendix 2 Page 2 The proposed expansion of the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984, which allowed companies to form consortia for precompetitive research and technology development, would extend the same provisions to joint production ventures, promoting the commercialization of new technologies. Support for a single uniform liability law, as proposed by the Administration, would restore balance to the tort system and reduce the uncertainty surrounding the introduction of new products. International Policies The Administration is continuing to encourage international cooperation in science and technology for the benefit of all nations. The Federal Government has participated aggressively in international standardization efforts to achieve greater harmonization of regulations and standards for products and processes. The Administration has been working for better international protection of intellectual property to allow more benefits to be recovered from R&D investments. Support for Research and Development The Bush Administration has proposed substantial increases in research and development in each of its budgets. In the FY 1992 budget, for example, the Administration proposed a record $76 billion in research and development, an increase of 13 percent over FY 1991 enacted levels, despite the constraints of the budget agreement. Activities targeted for increases include: -- Basic research at the National Institutes of Health -- Basic research at the National Science Foundation -- R&D at the National Institute of Standards and Technology -- Defense R&D -- Space activities -- Global change research -- Biotechnology R&D -- Competitive grants at the Department of Agriculture -- Superconducting Super Collider -- High performance computing and communications -- Energy R&D -- Aeronautics R&D The President has announced several major budget-related initiatives that heavily Appendix 2 Page 3 involve technology, including Presidential initiatives in high performance computing and communications and mathematics and science education. The Administration has been participating with the private sector in precompetitive research on generic, enabling technologies that have the potential to contribute to a broad range of government and commercial applications. The Administration is maintaining a strong defense technology base to provide options for future weapons systems and countermeasures development and to help avoid technological surprises by potential adversaries. Emphasis must be placed on shortening the time requirements for transferring R&D results to production and on using commercial products to the maximum extent possible. Federal-Private Partnerships and Technology Transfer The Administration is increasing collaborations among industry, Federal laboratories, and universities, including personnel exchanges, to help convert Federally supported R&D into new technologies that the private sector can then turn into commercial products and processes. More than 500 cooperative R&D agreements between private sector entities and Federal laboratories are in effect, as provided for by the Technology Transfer Act of 1986. The Federal Government has improved opportunities for the private sector to commercialize technologies and computer software developed during the performance of government contracts by allowing contractors to retain rights in technical data and by protecting their trade secrets. Education and Training The Administration has organized all federal activities in mathematics and science education into an integrated interagency program and has recommended, in the FY 1992 budget, a 13 percent increase for that effort. The AMERICA 2000 strategy has furthered the national goal of establishing standards for what students should know in mathematics and science as they progress through elementary and secondary school, fostering new methods of assessment that can spur educational reform and achievement. # APPENDIX 3: PROPOSAL FOR A CONFERENCE ON "TECHNOLOGY FOR A PRODUCTIVE AMERICA" The shared interest of the federal government and the private sector in fostering technological excellence calls for a close working relationship between government and industry. The proposed conference "Technology for a Productive America" is to be a clarion call for forging such a long-term relationship. The conference would be held in early 1992. Attendees would include the President, key Administration officials, up to 200 industrial leaders (including Chief Executive Officers, Chief Financial Officers, Presidents, Chief Operating Officers, and top technical and research officials), and labor leaders. At an opening plenary session, the President could summarize the current state of American technological achievement and present a vision of where we hope to be as we enter the 21st century. The vision could focus on American strengths in science and technology and on ways of using those strengths to enhance economic growth. It would emphasize the factors that allow us to make the best use of our technology: the creative genius and entrepreneurial spirit of our citizens, the political and economic systems that allow these attributes to flourish. After the opening plenary session, conference attendees would divide into working groups in which each level of federal official would meet with the corresponding level of private sector official: the President with CEOs; appropriate Cabinet officers with Presidents, Chief Operating Officers, and labor leaders; and R&D executives with federal science and technology officials. Summaries of the working group deliberations and conclusions would be available in a final plenary session and could be woven into a closing address by the President. Among the desired outcomes of the conference are: A consensus on the basic principles that inform both public sector and private sector actions affecting technology. Enhanced visibility for Administration initiatives and a commitment for further action. The development of mechanisms to follow up on actions emerging from the conference. Appendix 3 Page 2 A final Presidential statement summarizing the results of the conference and the steps needed to realize the vision developed at the conference. As the first step in the planning of such a conference, a steering group of Administration officials should be formed -- augmented by private sector leaders at a somewhat later date -- to plan its format and agenda and to discuss its relationship to other Administration activities. # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON April 18, 1991 Dear Mr. Fisher: Thank you for your letter of March 26 inviting me to be the keynote speaker at your Annual Conference scheduled for June 27 in Long Island, New York. Although I would very much like to join you, particularly given the importance and potential of the communications industry, my schedule for the month of June is completely booked, so I must regretfully decline. I appreciate your thinking of me and would like to offer my best wishes for a successful conference. Sincerely yours, Damn Romley. D. Allan Bromley The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology Mr. Fen Fisher, Chairman Long Island Forum for Technology, Inc. P.O. Box 170 Farmingdale, Long Island, New York 11735 "INVITATION FOR DR. BROMLEY" TYPE: INVITATION-SPEECH DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9120958 SPEECH: YES NO FROM: FISHER, Fen: LIFT DATE OF EVENT: 06/27/91 LOCATION OF EVENT: RADISSON PLAZA HOTEL, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK TIME OF EVENT: 01:15PM SUBJECT: INVITATION TO BE THE KEYNOTE SPEAKER AT LIFT'S ANNUAL CONFERENCE TITLED, "INFORMATION IN THE 21st CENTURY: POTENTIALS AND OPPORTUNITIES." RSVP: CONTACT PERSON: CONTACT NUMBER: INVITATION ACCEPTED? App NO COPIES TO: Dr. Wong REMARKS: DATE OF LETTER: 03/26/91 DATE RECEIVED: 04/01/91 FILE: INVITATION-SPEECH LIFT LONG ISLAND FORUM FOR TECHNOLOGY, INC., P.O. Box 170, Farmingdale, Long Island, New York 11735 (516) 755-3321 FAX (516) 755-9264 CHAIRMAN FENIMORE FISHER. Synergy Gas PRESIDENT March 26, 1991 GEORGE C. SOOS FIRST VICE CHAIRMAN 2 BRIAN M. MALONEY. Harris Corp-GSSD Dr. Allan Bromley 48 SECOND VICE CHAIRMAN BERNARD LEIBOWITZ. Loral Microwave-Narda Director THIRD VICE CHAIRMAN ALLAN E. GREENBERG. Cardion Electronics Office of Science Technology Policy *VICE PRESIDENTS Executive Office of the President STEPHEN A. BARRE. Servo Corp of America JAMES J. CONTI. Webb Institute Washington, D.C. 20500 ALEXANDER COVER. Ernst & Young CHARLES H. HERBERT. General Instrument-GSD IRA H. LEIBOWITZ. Leibowitz, Peterson & Kane KENT R. MARTIN. Republic Electronics Dear Dr. Bromley: C. KENNETH MORRELLY, Dayton T. Brown. Inc MICHAEL A. PELLE. Loral Fairchild Systems ERNEST B. RACZ. Polytechnic University DAVID G. SALTEN. Nassau County IDA The Long Island Forum for Technology, Inc. (LIFT) invites you to JERRY R. SCHUBEL SUNY at Stony Brook be the luncheon keynote speaker at our Annual Conference, on SECRETARY *ROBERT J. CIOVACCO. Whitman. Ciovacco & Gorray. PC Thursday, June 27, 1991. Titled, "INFORMATION IN THE 21ST TREASURER *RICHARD E. MAIKIS. Maikis Associates. Inc CENTURY: POTENTIALS AND OPPORTUNITIES", this full day ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR conference will be held at Radisson Plaza Hotel, 1350 Old Walt STEFANIE M. EISNER CHIEF EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Whitman Road, Melville, Long Island, NY 11747. CHARLES E. BARRON. AIL Systems. Inc *GEORGE BUGLIARELLO. Polytechnic University As Long Island seeks to diversify its high technology industry base, ALLEN E. BUSCHING. Lambda Electronics we believe our region is well positioned to capitalize on the RONALD S. COOPER. Ernst & Young HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY. 2nd C.D. extraordinary foreseeable growth of the information industry. For ANGELO FILOSA, Hazeltine Corp. JOEL M. GAZES. Coopers & Lybrand example, our region is home to the world's leading independent software HON GEORGE J. HOCHBRUECKNER. 1st CD GEORGE G. HOUSER. Unisys provider Computer Associates International; the world's leading HON NORMAN F. LENT. 4th C.D. *RICHARD E. MAIKIS. Maikis Associates. Inc information systems company Reuters Information Services; and, the *BRIAN M MALONEY. Harris Corp-GSSD HON. RAYMOND J. McGRATH, 5th C.D. world's leading developer of bar code scanning - Symbol Technologies. *VICTOR P. MESKILL. Dowling College In addition, a significant portion of our core defense industry is devoted HON. ROBERT J MRAZEK. 3rd C.D. HON. JAMES T. SCHEUER 8th C.D. to information products, including command and control systems, avionics BOARD OF DIRECTORS and telecommunications. RALPH A. BAUM. ILC Data Device Corp DANIEL A. CASTELLANO, Biscotti. Grassi & Co FRANK A CIPRIANI. SUNY at Farmingdale Lunch is at 12:30 p.m. You will be introduced at 1:15 p.m. Currently, THOMAS J. DEGNAN. NSHUH-Biomedical Research Ctr the time allotted for your remarks is 45 minutes with or without Q/A GENE DeMARK. KPMG Peat Marwick WILLIAM EWING. Nat'l Westminster Bank USA as you prefer. The Conference will reconvene at 2:30 p.m. The JOHN A. FARRIS. Pall Corporation MURRAY H. FEIGENBAUM, Logimetrics Conference will include top business executives and senior government GRAHME FISCHER. Technical Problem Solvers Inc. PAUL R FREEMAN. P.R. Freeman & Co Inc officials. I have enclosed an initial draft conference program which STEVEN M. GOLDSCHEIN. Lambda Electronics J RUSSELL HAWKINS. A T & T illustrates the flavor of the event. We expect 250 people to be in EDWARD A. HEIL Deloitte Touche attendance. RICHARD K. KOEHN. Center for Biotechnology DOUGLAS W. KURZ. Coopers & Lybrand JOHN H. MARBURGER. SUNY at Stony Brook LIFT is a nonprofit organization prepared to reimburse your round JAMES T McCARTHY. Norstar Bank RONALD M MILLER Marks Polarized Corporation trip travel expenses from Washington, D.C., to Long Island, New York. RICHARD C. ORTH. Gen'l Applied Science Labs. Inc Details of your travel schedule, including pickup at the airport and L. EUDORA PETTIGREW SUNY at Old Westbury A.C. PROVIDENTI. Precision Electronics. Inc return transport to your next appointment, will be worked out with your KENNETH C RISCICA. Arthur Andersen & Co staff. HEINZ ROSEN. Underwriters Laboratories ARTHUR L. ROSSOFF. Arthur Rossoff & Associates CHARLES N RUGGIERO. Grimes & Battersby Since we are attempting to confirm the conference program as soon DONALD L SCHILLING SCS Telecom PATRICIA A SCHOPPMEYER. Unisys as practicable, your reply before April 15 would be appreciated. We MURRAY SIMPSON Sedco Systems await your favorable response to our invitation and look forward to JOHN P TUTUNJIAN. Consultant LEONARD ZUCKERMAN. Electronic Dev Assoc Inc. greeting you on June 27. PAST PRESIDENTS/CHAIRMEN SANTOS T. ABRILZ Apoca Industries HENRY BACHMAN Hazeltine Corp. *HERMAN FIALKOV. PolyVentures Sincerely, *PAUL G. HOLCOMBE. Consultant LAWRENCE M. MEAD *KARLE S. PACKARD. Consultant *BERNARD "BUD" PEYTON, AIL Systems. Inc. 7en Fusher *ROBERT J. SANATOR. Geotel. Inc. *ELSTON SWANSON. Instruments for Industry. Inc. DAVID WESTERMANN. Westermann & Tryon Fen Fisher, Chairman *Board Member THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON January 3, 1991 Dear Jim: Thank you for your letter of December 12, 1990 outlining DOE's responses to the review of technology transfer contract clause provisions under the National Competitive Technology Transfer Act of 1989 (NCTTA). Although much remains to be accomplished, I feel, as you know, that DOE has made remarkable progress over the past two years in the area of technology transfer. Based on my conversations with DOE laboratory directors, it is clear that technology transfer, as well as the alliances that can be built among laboratories, industries and universities, are priority items. While this mission requires further strengthening, much progress has obviously been made. In addition, the streamlining of the contractual process and the strengthening of industry's rights under a CRADA, has remarkably enhanced industry's interest in working with DOE laboratories. This process is going to take time. Industry and the DOE laboratories simply are not accustomed to working together in this mode. DOE laboratories must be maintained from a marketing standpoint to appear more attractive to industry. We look forward to working with you in this important endeavor. Sincerely, Ima D. Allan Bromley Assistant to the President for Science and Technology The Honorable James D. Watkins Secretary of Energy Washington, D.C. 20585 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 9, 1991 Dear Jim: Many thanks for sending me a copy of "Technology '90." This is a very impressive document that I have read with both pleasure and profit. I am happy to know that you have found our document "US Technology Policy" to be useful and I hope that the later report on critical technologies will also be of use to the people in the DOE laboratories and to you and your staff. I consider that it is very important to produce reports of this nature and to do them in an attractive fashion so that the contents are not only accessible but attractive to people other than the scientific audience to whom we normally speak. In that light, I would ask that you pass on my congratulations to whoever was responsible for producing this particular volume because I think it marks a new level of sophistication and attractiveness for such reports. I look forward to seeing you soon. With warmest best wishes, Sincerely yours, Danan D. Allan Bromley Romby The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology The Honorable James D. Watkins Department of Energy Washington, D.C. 20585 "CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING" TYPE: CABINET MEMBER INFORMATION DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121773 ORIGINATOR: 02 STATUS I DIRECTORATE STATUS FROM: WATKINS, James D.: THE SECRETARY OF ENERGY TO: DR. D.A. BROMLEY DATE OF CORRESPONDENCE: 06/17/91 SUBJECT: A COPY OF "TECHNOLOGY 90" AND A THANK YOU FOR DR. BROMLEY'S CONTINUED SUPPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT'S SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS. DIRECTORATE STAFF ASSIGNED: ASSIGNED: ACTION STAFF REQUIRED: ACTION: SENDER'S DUE DATE: OSTP DUE DATE: STAFF DUE DATE DATE COMPLETED: DATE COMPLETED/DEPT: COPIES TO: D. Allan Bromley Carl Bretscher Ken Yale INDUSTRIAL PHYSICAL SCIENCES WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #: CONTACT PERSON: PHONE: EXT: REMARKS: OSTP RECEIVED: 06/17/91 FILE: CABINET MEMBER*TECHNOLOGY DEPT RECEIVED: 9121773 BRKIMENT OF ENERGY The Secretary of Energy STATES OF AMERICA Washington, DC 20585 RECEIVED June 13, 1991 91 JUN 17 P2: 56 OFFICE C The Honorable D. Allan Bromley DIRECTOR Assistant to the President for Science and Technology The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Allan Dear Dr. Bromley: It is a pleasure to send you a copy of "Technology '90," the latest in a series of reports describing technology transfer accomplishments and opportunities at Department of Energy (DOE) laboratories. Continued leadership in science and technology is a key to improving U.S. industrial competitiveness. The science and technology of the DOE research programs and laboratories are a valuable national asset. Consistent with recent legislation and Administration policy, I am committed to maintaining this strong technology base and to transferring the scientific knowledge and enabling technologies that it produces to the private sector. The work of your organization in developing the Administration's "Technology Policy" report and in assisting in the identification of technologies critical to U.S. competitiveness has provided an invaluable roadmap for structuring our national research and development and technology transfer strategy. As part of implementing this strategy, I have tasked DOE programs and laboratories to strengthen and expand their relationships with private industry, academia, and State and local government agencies. Such collaboration will be essential to increasing and accelerating the transfer of technology to private industry. The enclosed report highlights technologies in the areas of energy, environment and waste management, instrumentation, biology and medicine, computers, materials science, and manufacturing processes. It is being widely distributed to key members of industry, academia, and the media. We welcome your comments on "Technology '90" as we seek to expand awareness of the technological capabilities of the DOE laboratories. I wish to take this opportunity to thank you for your continued support of the Department's science and technology programs. DOE is committed to working with you in a concerted effort to continue -2- to enhance our Nation's science and technology resources and to make these resources more accessible to U.S. industry. Sincerely, Jin James D. Watkins Admiral U.S. Navy (Retired) Enclosure THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON January 2, 1991 Dear Mr. Secretary: I would like to call your attention to an October 1991, Department of Energy publication, Health Bulletin, recently called to my notice, which reports a study of male breast cancer in males occupationally exposed to electromagnetic ~fields (copy enclosed). A memorandum from Dr. Paul Ziemer asked that this be distributed to all DOE and DOE- contractor workers. I am deeply concerned about a communication such as this which highlights a single study showing an association of uncertain meaning between an occupational exposure and the development of a disease. In distributing the document as has been done, it implies a DOE endorsement that EMF is an exposure risk which supervisors should address. However, as the authors themselves have cautioned, care must be taken in interpreting the results of the study. This is indeed pointed out in the Health Bulletin but from a casual reading of the document, I suspect that the average unsophisticated supervisor might well conclude that EMF was a proven risk in the development of breast cancer, at least in males, and endeavor to take action accordingly. The broader problem, as I see it, is the fact that there are increasing numbers of studies of all types showing all manner of "associations" between environmental insults and health, many of which are contradictory and some of which are biologically dubious. I am sure you would agree that from a practical policy perspective, we would be ill- advised to encourage action with respect to supposed environmental hazards until a reasonably solid scientific case had been made. It would seem to me that a document such as the Health Bulletin which is sent to all manner of persons, both scientists and non-scientists, bears a special responsibility in maintaining an appropriate perspective. Let me take this occasion to wish you, and all the Watkins, a very healthy, happy and rewarding 1992. Sincerely, Dra D. Allan Bromley The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology Enclosure The Honorable James D. Watkins Secretary of Energy 1000 Independence Aveune, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20585 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 9, 1991 Dear Jim: Many thanks for sending me the detailed breakdown of the "pork" in your Department. I agree totally that it will be important to get equivalent numbers for as many other departments as possible. Only by making very evident what is taking place can we hope to in fact force a more rational distribution of Federal funding. I much appreciate your help in getting this documentation and I am looking forward to meeting with you in the very near future because there are a number of rather important topics that we should discuss. With warmest best wishes, Sincerely yours, Anan D. Allan Bromley The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology The Honorable James D. Watkins Secretary Department of Energy Washington, D.C. 20585 "CORRESPONDENCE TRACKING" TYPE: INFORMATION DOCUMENT NUMBER: 9121405 FROM: WATKINS, James D.: SECRETARY OF ENERGY TO: DR. BROMLEY DATE OF CORRESPONDENCE: 05/08/91 SUBJECT: MEMORANDUM FOR DR. BROMLEY REGARDING INFORMATION ON CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED PROJECTS ("PORK") AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. ASSIGNED TO: ACTION REQUIRED: SENDER'S DUE DATE: OSTP DUE DATE: DATE COMPLETED: COPIES TO: D. Allan Bromley Dr. Phillips Thomas Ratchford Ken Yale Dr. Wong Dr. Henderson WHITE HOUSE TRACKING #: CONTACT PERSON: REMARKS: DATE RECEIVED: FILE: 1121403 RIMENT OF ENERGY STATES OF The Secretary of Energy RECEIVED DC 20585 May 8, 1991 91 MAY 14 P12:31 OFFICE DIRECTOR MEMORANDUM FOR THE HONORABLE D. ALLAN BROMLEY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT: INFORMATION ON CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED PROJECTS ("PORK") AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Allan: At our last FCCSET meeting, I promised to send you a list of the congressionally directed projects in DOE's FY 1991 budget. I have attached two papers that delineate the pork that was put in our budget. Attachment I shows the pork that was added and the cuts in the legitimate science projects that we requested in the President's FY 1991 budget proposal. You will see that we lost a total of $143.7 million in good science and gained $141.6 million in pork. Attachment II shows how the congressionally directed funds are to be spent. As you will see, the vast majority are used for "bricks and mortar" projects. As a first step toward a coordinated effort against "pork", I think it would be worthwhile to collect this type of data from all science agencies. Sin James D. Watkins Admiral, U.S. Navy (Retired) Attachments P.S. "Directed Projects" = "Pork" ATTACHMENT I DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY FY 1991 CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED PROJECTS ANALYSIS (Dollars in millions) FY 1991 FY 1991 REQUEST APPROPRIATION CHANGE Biological and Environmental Research R&D $338.8 $321.7 -17.1 Directed Projects -- 72.2 +72.2 TOTAL: $338.8 $393.9 +55.1 Basic Energy Sciences R&D $648.7 $652.6 +3.9 Directed Projects -- 59.2 +59.2 TOTAL: $648.7 $711.8 +63.1 University and Science Education DOE Program $34.7 $36.4 +1.7 Directed Projects -- 10.2 +10.2 TOTAL: $34.7 $46.6 +11.9 Fusion Energy $325.2 $273.6 * -51.6 Superconducting Super Collider $317.9 $242.9 -75.0 * Excludes $16 million reprogramming Summary: Cuts to R&D -143.7 Adds for Directed Projects +141.6 ATTACHMENT II DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 1991 Congressionally Directed Projects UNIVERSITY AND SCIENCE EDUCATION EPSCoR Planning Grants * $2,000,000 EPSCoR Graduate Traineeships * 2,000,000 Nuclear Engineering; University Nuclear Engineering Programs 5,000,000 Upgrading of University Reactors 1,000,000 Rural Enterprises, Inc. 200,000 Clark Atlanta University; Research Center for Science & Tech. a/.. Total University and Science Education $10,200,000 BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Alabama, University of; Biomedical Research Facility $9,942,000 Case Western Reserve University; Biomedical Research Facility 9,942,000 Childrens Hospital, Detroit, MI; Equip to support demo on Position Electron Tomography 7,953,600 Laser Medical Applications Centers; Est. Cntrs. of Excellence 1,472,659 Louisiana State University; Biomedical Research Institute 12,427,500 Misericordia Hospital, Phila, PA; 6-MEV linear Accl. for Cancer 2,087,820 Oregon Health Sciences University; Neurosurgery Research Institute 12,427,500 South Carolina, Medical University of; Cardiac Research Institute 5,965,200 West Virginia University; Center for Nuclear Medicine in Alzheimers 9,942,000 Total-Biological and Environmental Research $72,160,279 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCE Material Sciences Fort Hayes State University; Physical Science Center $1,988,400 Oklahoma State Univ.; Advance Technology Research Center 4,971,000 Indiana State Univ.; Advanced Technology Center 4,814,414 Univ. Of New Orleans,; Center for Energy Resources Management 9,942,000 Boston College; Energy Sciences Research Facility 9,942,000 Purdue; Hqs. of Midwest Superconductivity Consortium 2,982,600 N. Iowa, University of; Center for Energy & Environmental Educ. 3,976,800 Center of Excellence 4,971,000 Ames: Technical and Admin. Services Facility 2,982,600 West Virginia University; planning of proposed Research Center 248,550 ENGINEERING AND GEOSCIENCES Fort Hayes State University; Physical Science Center $1,988,400 ADVANCED ENERGY PROJECTS Louisiana Tech. University; Manufacturing Systems Engineering Research Center $745,650 Nebraska Univ. of; Nebraska Center for Science & Tech. 5,666,940 Diag. Instr. Anal. Lab., Miss. St. Univ.; Tech Transfer 3,976,800 Total-Basic Energy Science $59,197,154 TOTAL CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED PROJECTS: $141,557,433 a/ No amount specified, just language encouraging support * EPSCoR, Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research Programs