Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323153337
label
Hampton University 5/12/91 [OA 8323] [2]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323153337
contentType
document
title
Hampton University 5/12/91 [OA 8323] [2]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13756-005
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323153337
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
d9a5206868c3e6d1
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13756
Folder ID Number:
13756-005
Folder Title:
Hampton University 5/12/91 [OA 8323] [2]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
21
4
2
05/07/91
09:34
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
001
GROUND
FACSIMILE DOCUMENT
91 MAY 7 FROM
2
7248
STATE UNITED
202/456-6218
*
1868
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
HAMPTON, VIRGINIA 23668
Home of The
"Fighting Pirates"
DATE: 5/7/91
TO: PE664 DOOCEY, HITE HOUSE RESEARCH
FROM: TIM ALL STON, SPECIAL EVENTS CONSOLTANT
12 PAGES - IF ANY - TO FOLLOW THIS SHEET. PLEASE
NOTIFY SENDER OF ANY MISSING PAGES.
CALL (804) 727-5384 or FAX (804) 727-5084
MESSAGE:
AS REQUESTED You
05/07/91
09:34
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
002
VIA FAX
May 7, 1991
MEMORANDUM
TO:
Ms. Peggy Dooley
FROM:
White House Pri Research
Tim Allston
Special Events Consultant
RE:
Requested Hampton University Information
Over the last ten or twelve years, Hampton University
has been the scene of a qualitative growth and development
phase unprecedented in its history and unparalleled by other
modest-size colleges and universities in the country. This
phenomenon did not just happen. It happened because of the
leadership of the President, Dr. William R. Harvey, the
support of the many thousands of loyal alumni, the
stewardship and wisdom of the Board of Trustees, and the
choice of Hampton by some of the brightest students in the
country. Listed below are some of the specifics which
support the unprecedented qualitative growth and
development.
DEVELOPMENT AND FINANCE
The endowment has grown from $29 million in 1978
when Dr. Harvey became President to $80 million
today.
Eight new buildings have been constructed.
Despite seven consecutive years of red ink before
1978, Dr. Harvey has balanced the budget for 13
straight years.
Hampton University has long been considered the role
model for both private fundraising and fiscal
accountability and austerity. Upon his start in
1978, Dr. Harvey announced a financial about-face to
the then college community stating, "You cannot have
one dollar and buy $1.25 worth of groceries. The
same is true of Hampton. We must stay within
established budgets and run Hampton like a business
for educational objectives."
Hampton University is the largest minority owned and
operated business enterprise in the Hampton Roads
area, arguably the state, with its approximate 1,000
employees and approximate $60 million annual budget.
05/07/91
09:35
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
004
Hampton University Information
Page 2
One stern example of its continued role model for
African American self-sufficiency and economic
development has been the creation of the Hampton
Harbor commercial/residential development. This
development has 250 luxury apartments and a 60,000
sq. ft. commercial shopping center. Profits
from this venture will go toward student
scholarships. This means that some young man or
woman who may not have had an opportunity to go to
college and certainly not come to Hampton will be
able to do so from this commercial venture and
vision on the part of Hampton University (see
enclosed press release).
ACADEMICS
o
Since 1978, there have been 24 new degree-granting
programs established. These include a heavy
concentration in the quantitative sciences, such as
Marine Science, Airway Science, Computer Science,
Naval ROTC, Chemical and Electrical Engineering, an
MBA and other master's degrees in Business, Physics,
Museum Studies, and Nutrition.
Overall, HU's strongest academic programs are:
Mass Media Arts - established in 1966 as the first such
degree-granting program in both virginia, as well as at an
HBCU; ABC-TV's "Good Morning, America" weatherman Spencer
Christian ('70) was one of its first graduates;
Marine Science - inaugurated by Dr. Harvey in 1979, it
became the first degree-granting program at an historically
black college or university (HBCU), as it takes full
advantage of our campus' being bordered on three sides by
the Hampton River, Chesapeake Bay;
Nursing - celebrating its centennial year and recognized as
Virginia's oldest baccalaureate nursing program, as well as
the first graduate program at any HBCU;
Airway Science - begun in 1985 as the first program at an
HBCU, now it holds the unique position as the nation's only
program at a college or university to directly train air
traffic controllers for the nation's airport towers;
05/07/91
09:35
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
003
Hampton University Information
Page 3
the Non-Graded Laboratory School - began as the first such
school in Virginia in 1962 by Dr. Martha Dawson (who, at
this Commencement, will retire as HU's Vice President for
Academic Affairs). This multi-aged homogeneous grouping of
elementary students encourages its 186 youngsters to work,
achieve at own individual levels. In lieu of awarding
grades, parent-teacher conferences are held to review the
"skill mastery" of each student. Such a 19-year program
closely mirrors President Bush's recent proposals for
elementary education;
University 101 (The Individual and Life) - piloted in 1989,
it represents a radical departure from the models on which
orientation courses are usually based. Its subject matter
is derived from students' own experiences as young black
Americans and from larger issues affecting society as a
whole. As such, the subject matter in certain respects
serves as an introduction to the new general education core
curriculum. At the same time, the course also offers
students a common core of experiences to facilitate their
transition to the university environment.
University 101 consists of a coordinated series of units
that include "Learning as Innovation," "History of Hampton
University," "Science and Technology," and "African-American
Art." The course format includes plenary sessions and
breakout (small group) sessions. Plenary session
presentations are given by Hampton University
administrators, senior professors, distinguished scholars
from other institutions and prominent individuals with
expertise in one of the subject areas that comprise the
course. For example, John Biggers, perhaps the greatest
living black painter and Hampton graduate, addressed the
students on his art.
- the school's Career Planning & Placement Office
aggressively prepares HU students for the world of work,
both through internships and actual job placements. The
Co-operative Education Program component has placed an
average of 100 students annually in pre-graduation work
internships;
- 86% of all HU students are placed in jobs within 6 months
of graduation;
- throughout the 1980's, an average of 80% of graduates
were employed, with more than 40% earning salaries exceeding
$15,000;
05/07/91
09:36
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
005
Hampton University Information
Page 4
- consistent with national employment trends, the following
HU schools possess these employment percentages through the
80's
School of Nursing
95.8%
School of Business
86.9%
School of Lib. Arts & Ed.
78.6%
School of Pure & Appl. Sci.
70.0%
- throughout the 80's, an average of 22% of graduates
attend graduate schools, predominated by Ohio State, North
Carolina, Virginia, Howard, Purdue, Stanford, Harvard,
University of California at Berkeley, Florida and Texas
Health Sciences Center in Houston;
- the predominant professions for recent HU grads are
nursing, accounting, management, sales, health care
administration and teaching. There is an ever-escalating
groundswell of grads becoming entrepreneurs and consultants
through the application of their work experience and strong
networking opportunities encouraged in the Hampton Family;
- HU's student retention rate stands at 87%; and
- this year, more than 460 corporations and graduate
schools came to the campus to recruit HU students.
ALUMNI AFFAIRS
- since 1871, Hampton has graduated more than 26,000
students;
- HU alums generated more than $618,000 in last year's
annual campaign;
- the average alum gift is approximately $235, the highest
for all HBCUs;
- although the largest alumni gifts come from the emeritus
classes (50 year reunion classes and above), there is an
ever-growing body of younger alums who are beginning their
alumni-giving pattern, with smaller consistent gifts;
05/07/91
09:36
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
006
Hampton University Information
Page 5
- some of Hampton's more noted alumni are:
- without hesitation, Hampton's most noted alumnus
is Booker T. Washington ('75), founder of
Tuskegee Institute (now University) in Alabama
(note: Hampton was responsible for the founding
of 27 similar schools, colleges and universities
- among them St. Paul's College, Bowling Green
Academy, Kittrell College and Princess Anne
Academy);
- the Hon. Bernard Fielding ('53) who, as Probate
Judge, County of Charleston, SC, is the first
black in the Southeast to become a probate
judge;
- the Hon. Cecil B. Patterson ('63), Superior
Court Judge, Phoenix, AZ, the state's first
black judge;
- John Sengstacke ('34), owner of the Chicago
Defender and a chain of other black newspapers
across the U.S.;
- Ms. Jeri Warrick-Crisman ('52), president/owner
of WNJR Radio (Union, NJ);
- William P. Sykes ('56), director of
Administrative Services, State of Ohio; current
member, HU Board of Trustees and former deputy
director of the Peace Corps;
- Douglas Palmer ('73), Mayor, Trenton, NJ;
- Spencer Christian ('70), weatherman, ABC-TV's
"Good Morning, America";
- George Lewis ('63), Vice President and
Treasurer, Philip Morris Companies;
- Dr. Thomas Casey ('48), retired as Vice
President and Medical Director, General Electric
Company;
- Rick Mahorn ('80), starting forward,
Philadelphia 76ers, NBA;
- the Hon. Rudolph Aggrey ('46), former U.S.
Ambassador to Rumania;
05/07/91
09:37
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
007
Hampton University Information
Page 6
- Wallace C. Arnold ('60), Brigadier General, U.S.
Army;
- Arthur Holmes, Jr. ('52), Major General, U.S.
Army; and
- Ms. Frankie Freeman ('37), former U.S. Civil
Rights Commissioner.
HISTORICAL HIGHLIGHTS
Without any hesitation, Hampton University was a Republican
experiment in terms of philanthropy and corporate
leadership. When he founded the school in 1868 General
Samuel Armstrong, a GOP, successfully enlisted such party
stalwarts and philanthropists as George Foster Peabody,
William Cameron Forbes, Collis P. Huntington, John D.
Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, et al, to establish and
sustain this school;
- President Bush's visit to HU will mark the 10th visit of
a U.S. President (or his designee, as Mrs. Roosevelt came
here in '38), the clear majority of whom were GOPs (see
enclosure);
- The University Museum, the state's oldest museum, holds
the largest collection of African and American Indian art in
the South; and
- HU served as an early pioneer of multicultural education
and self-help when, from 1875-1922, American Indians were
educated on this campus.
THE "HARVEY FACTOR"
When he claims repeatedly that "HU is in the forefront of
the American educational enterprise," President Harvey can
say so because of his legacy of leadership and
accomplishment. In short, President Bush could not have
selected a better demonstration of his administration's
ideals than Dr. Harvey. A quick thumbnail sketch of his
work shows:
- beginning in his first year, Harvey reversed a
seven-year pattern of deficit budgets with 13
consecutive years of "black" budgets with modest
surplusses;
05/07/91
09:37
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
008
Hampton University Information
Page 7
- having raised more than $53 million for the
endowment;
- created 24 new degree-granting programs on
undergraduate and grad levels, focused heavily in
the quantitative sciences where minorities are
historically underrepresented;
- increased the academic standards with a
maverick-like, 187-point-SAT-scores increase;
- inspired a 123% enrollment increase, making HU the
largest private HBCU;
- introduced a university-wide Read-In campaign, to
enhance and underscore a joy-in-literacy atmosphere;
and
- re-established the Sunday School program - after a
20-year cessation - to reaffirm the voluntary study
of God's Word as a foundation of American values and
ethics.
Peggy, I hope that this material will assist you in your
preparations. Do not hesitate to call me if needed.
05/07/91
09:38
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
009
HAMPTON
UNIVERSITY
THINK
HAMPTON, VIRGINIA 23668
(804) 727-5231
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
May 6, 1991
The Honorable George Bush
President of the United States
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear President Bush:
1 look forward with great anticipation to your visit on Sunday to
deliver the 121st Hampton University Commencement Address. You
have truly provided productive and remarkable leadership over your
entire career. 1 write now to try to influence not only a direction that you
might take, but also to suggest a passage in your Commencement speech
on May 12th.
The debates over the proposed Civil Rights legislation last year
and this year have exacerbated an already difficult situation. The unique
American commitment to civil rights became submerged by an even more
shrill debate between special interest groups and Washington lobbyists
over mind numbing legal technicalities and arcane judicial rulings.
Rather than coalescing once again behind Civil Rights legislation which
promises fairness and equality of opportunity, our political system found
itself mired in conflict.
Your commencement address on May 12 offers you a unique
opportunity and forum to begin a national healing and regeneration of
racial harmony. No one can question your commitment to black colleges.
You were with us before it was fashionable and stayed with us after some
thought us anachronisms. Attached you will find a memo that I sent to
the Hampton University Community outlining some of the very positive
steps that you have taken with black higher education.
Your commencement address, then, is more than just another
Presidential appearance; it represents a homecoming which honors
Hampton University. I, therefore, hope that you will use this occasion to
call upon the enormous moral authority, which is yours personally and
yours because of your high office, to call together those who believe they
are still the victims of unlawful discrimination -- persons of color and
women, the legitimate representatives of employers, to include
representatives of the Business Round Table and the Chamber of
Commerce, and our legislators and Executive Branch officials, to a Civil
Rights Summit with the charge to reach a consensus on the shape and
content of civil rights legislation that does not involve quotas.
COLLEGE OF
HAMPTON INSTITUTE
GRADUATE COLLEGE
CONTINUING EDUCATION
THE UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE
05/07/91
09:38
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
010
The Honorable George Bush
May 6, 1991
Page 2
Because of your justifiable record of support for black higher
education, let me suggest that you utilize education as the foundation for
calling such a summit. You might say that education is the key because
the acquiring of skills is the first step in finding useful productive
employment. Education breaks down walls of ignorance, and builds
bridges of understanding and respect as opposed to widening chasms.
There is perhaps no other foundation--save the Holy Bible-that equalizes
fellow man more than the process and acquisition of education. Therefore,
education needs to be the focus and the new launch pad for civil rights
understanding and agreement.
In my judgment, the call for such a Civil Rights Summit (on this
occasion) would serve a number of useful purposes. First it would enable
you to reaffirm your commitment to equality of opportunity. Secondly, it
would send a clear message that your administration is interested in a
very proactive way in exploring and moving off center the complicated
debate surrounding the failure to gain consensus on the proposed civil
rights legislation. Thirdly, I believe your commitment to expanding the
frontiers of educational opportunity can be used as a forceful rallying call
to gain broad political consensus for the type of legislation you can
endorse. Fourthly, the call for such a Summit silences unnecessary
criticisms and opens the door for constructive reconciliation. I hasten to
add that I would be pleased to assist you in any manner to help you
convene such a Summit and advance its strategic goals and objectives.
I believe it a national imperative that you make it clear that
minorities and women who support Civil Rights legislation are not the
enemy of society. Rather, all individuals are equal participants in the
American drama, and all views and opinions are entitled to a respectful
reception. By this action, you can achieve an even larger historic status as
anational healer. This step can constitute a defining moment in renewing
the commitment to fairness and elevating the national debate over civil
rights. You can make it clear that the government's role is not to dole out
preferences, but to serve as the facilitator of the dialogue and the forger of
the consensus. By this act you may make May 12th and Hampton
University synonymous with one of the most important domestic
achievements of your Presidency.
With all good wishes,
W.R.Ham William R. Harvey
President
WRH:wr
05/07/91
09:39
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
011
Hampton University
News Release
#11 (9/13/90)
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
HU PRESIDENT WILLIAM R. HARVEY HONORED BY WHITE HOUSE
INITIATIVE
UNi
Washington /1111emrR Harvey, President of
Hampton University, was honored on Monday by the White House
Initiative /Jon Historically, Black Colledes and Universities
for his outstanding eacership in the areas of
building and conomic development that have garnered
profitable resources For Hambton University"
Dr. THarvey was presented the award by Assistant
Secretary 32 Education Leonard chaynes, 1772 on behalf of
President Bush and Secretary of Education Lawrence Cavazos
at a luncheon held: In: Washington. Robert K. Goodwin,
Executive Directors of the White House Initiative on
Historically Black Colleges and Universities said that Dr.
Harvey received the award in recognition of his tireless
efforts and outstanding management which have helped ensure
continuous growth and economic development in the entire
Hampton University Community. "
-more-
University Relations a Hampton, Virginia 23668 (804) 727-5253/5254/5255
05/07/91
09:41
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
012
2-2-2-2 HU
He added, "More of us need to take note of Dr Harvey's
success with the thought of learning what we can to improve
other situations,"
It was noted specifically that Dr. Harvey worked to
increase Hampton's endowment from $29 million in 1978, when
he became president, to approximately $80 million where it
stands now. During the last decade, a $30 million 5-year
fund-raising goal realized approximately $46.4 million in 2
1/2 years. Additionally, he pioneered the use of alternate
sources of revenue for Black colleges and universities
through the development of a $14 million shopping center and
apartment complex called Hampton Harbor located on the
campus. Profits from the project are targeted to support
student scholarships and faculty salaries.
Dr. Harvey is an appointed member of the President is
Board of Advisors on HBCUs. Other members of the Board
include Dr. Caspa L. Harris, Jr. President of the National
Association of College and University Business Officers
(NACUBO) Dr. Dorothy I. Height, President of the National
Council of Negro Women (NCNW) ; Mr. John Carter, immediate
past President and CEO of The Equitable Financial Companies;
Dr. James E. Cheek, President Emeritus, Howard University;
and others.
(
-30-
U.S. PRESIDENTS VISIT TO
HAMPTON INSTITUTE
1. President Hayes, Republican - May 23, 1878
2. President Arthur, Republican - May 13, 1882
3. Presidont Ulysses S. Grant, Republican - visited after
retirement from office. (3/4/69-3/3/73)
4. President William McKinley, Republican - visited
5. President James A. Garfield, Republican - visited 1881
6. President Theodore Roosevelt, Republican - visited July 1906
7. President William Howard Taft, Republican - President of
Board of Trustees
8. President Woodrow Wilson , Democratic - Founders Day
Address, 1897
9.
10. Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt - 1938 (Represented her husband)
MAY-10-1991 14:27 FROM
TO
12024562820 P.01
/
OFFICE OF
PRESIDENTIAL ADVANCE
COVER PAGE
TO:
CRiSTiNA MARTIN
FROM:
C. RAY HAMPTON, VA
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES:
4
(including cover page)
DATE:
TIME:
MESSAGE:
INfo ON MS. Dinee Riley
from HAMPTON, University.
Highest Grade PT. Avenue Student.
Comp Rg
IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS WITH THE TRANSMISSION PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONE NUMBER: 104-873-6876
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
01. Resume
Re: Dinee M. Riley; personal information. (2 pp.)
n.d.
P-6, (b)(6)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File, Backup
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Hampton University 5/12/91 [2]
Date Closed:
10/27/2004
OA/ID Number:
08323
FOIA/SYS Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2004-2265-S
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
MR Case #:
Appeal Case #:
MR Disposition:
Appeal Disposition:
Disposition Date:
Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
Thank you Dr. Harvey. All the members of the Hampton
University administration, and especially the Hampton Class of
1991. It's great to be here.
Southern
Warkman.
DEVOTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL CLASSES OF THE SOUTH.
OL. VII.
HAMPTON, VA., JUNE, 1878.
NO 6.
and $1,800.00 were granted from its con-
school is, substantially, built up, out of
OF GRADUATES AND STUDENTS,
outhern
struction funds. Two wooden barracks,
debt, and in good working order.
The total number of admissions during
each 140x24 feet, on whose site, very near-
The next thing is a solid financial foun-
the past ten years has been 927. Of these,
ly, Virginia Hall now stands, with other
dation.
277, including this year's class, have taken
needed work were commenced and soon
ISSUED MONTHLY.
INDUSTRIAL
a full course. Generally speaking; one-
exhausted the government grant. Oper-
third of those we admit, leave too soon to
ations would have been suspended had
The following is a list of school indus"
be improved, about one third graduate,
not the late Mrs. Stephen Griggs of N. Y.
tries
i. C. ARMSTRONG,
and the remaining third also decidedly
Editors.
1. W. LUDLOW,
City, an entire stranger, presented,
The Farm, with bone grinding, grist
benefitted. Poverty, sickness, home
through the American Missionary Asso-
mill, soap making, blacksmith's shop,
troubles, limited capacity and bad conduct
ciation, out of a moderate competency,
butcher's shop, and milk dairy.
account for the shortened course of
S. M. F. ARMSTRONG,
The Engineer's Department, with knitting
W. N. ARMSTRONG
Regular
the sum of ten thousand dollars. From
many. A large majority of our non-
Contributors.
T. T. BRYCE,
this turning-point the life of the school
machines, broom shop, shop for iron work,
graduates are doing good work as teach-
seemed assured.
rag-carpet weaving, and carpenter shop.
ers. Not much labor has been wasted.
us ONE DOLLAR a year IN
Indeed, from the first it has had a
Girls' Industrial Department, for making
The dullest students have often proved
steady growth, sometimes passing through
and mending garments, and learning to
efficient as teachers. Last winter 125 re-
ADVANCE.
difficulties in ways that have seemed mys-
sew by hand and machine.
ported themselves as in active service.
terious.
Household work, including washing,
Many we hear of indirectly and at long
ACENTS WANTED.
General O. O. Howard, Commissioner
ironing, table duty, and cooking lessons
intervals.
of the Freedmen's Bureau, made succes-
for the girls.
Being able to teach, and teachers being
Liberal Terms offered.
sive grants for building and repairs
The details for work this year have been
in demand, students, at graduation, or
amounting to $58,327.89. The Bureau
as follows:
after the second and sometimes even after
ceased to assist in 1870. The Trustees
Girls. Housework, 98; Industrial Room,
the first year, are independent. It seems
cimen copies sent upon application.
secure safety, it is important that money
of the Peabody Fund have given since the
52; Knitting Machine, 21; Laundry, 24;
impossible to supply the need of colored
d be sent by checks, Post-office orders, or
school opened to June 30, 1877, $6,300,
Weaving Rag-Carpets, 1; Cooking, 20; No
teachers in this and other Southern States.
ered letters. Write plainly give name
viz. $800 annually to 1876-$500 in
work has yet been found for day scholars, 32.
Sessions continue from three to six
II, and name of Post-office, County, and
1877.
Boys. Farm, 91; Painters, 1; Carpenters,
On the foundation thus laid the benevo-
5; Broom Making, 2; Steam Engine, 1; Bone
months, and salaries, in country places,
to which the papers are to be sent.
further information, address
Mill, 2; Shoemakers, 4; Janitors, 8; Knit-
are from $25.00 to $35.00 a month payable
lent of the North have, in ten years, ex-
J. F. B. MARSHALL,
ting Room, 6; Blacksmiths, 1; Office duty, 3;
in orders on the County Treasurer, who
pended for permanent improvements $150,-
Mail-Carrier, 1; Green-house, 1; Waiters, 16;
cashes them in from three to fifteen
Business Manager, Hampton, Va.
000.00, and are giving for current expenses
Laundry, 5; General Duty, 5; Employed by
months There is often distress and dis-
an average of $24,000.00 yearly.
teachers, 2; Day-scholars on orderly duty, 38:
couragement from this delay. Teachers are
PREMIUM.
In 1872, the State of Virginia designated
Students' earnings have been as follows.
compelled to discount their small wages
r
one
year's subscription to the
the Hampton Institute as Trustee of that
1875-6. 101 Boys. $5,983.04; 59 Girls,
@ from 10 to 25 per cent. and serious in-
'HERN
WORKMAN, we will send to
portion of the Agricultural land fund
$1,647 93; total, $7,629.97.
jury to school interests is likely to result.
one who shall forward five} cents
which was assigned to the colored people,
1876-7. 125 Boys. $7,440.79: 73 Girls, $2,-
In the cities wages are better, sessions
postage, a neat pamphlet entitled
namely one-third of the proceeds of the
total, $9,580.35.
continue for eight and ten months, and
bin and Plantation Songs, as Sung
sale of 300,000 acres. The amount, $95,-
1877-8 (est'd). 138 Boys, $8,934.28: 87
payment is more prompt
he Hampton Students," containing
000.00, less one-tenth expended for land,
Girls, $3,302.47; total, $12,236.75.
The value of the free school systems of
ges of original negro music, with
was invested in State bonds at 8 low fig-
Average earnings in 1875-6, Boys $59.23
the South depends on the supply of teach-
's in dialect.
ure, on which full interest has been paid.
each, Girls $27.92 each.
!ese songs, arranged by Prof. T. P.
The State holds the principal and reserves
Average earnings in 1876-7, Boys $59.58
ers; those trained by Northern educators
each, Girls $29.00 each.
are universally acceptable, because care-
er, were sung in the three hundred
the right to withdraw it, but has yearly
Average earnings in 1877-8, Boys $64.75
fully taught morally as well as in book
erts, throughout the United States,
paid the liberal sum of ten thousand dol-
each, Girls $37.96 each.
knowledge, and not disposed to take an ac-
by the Company in 1873-4-5. The
lars as interest money, over twice the
The problem of the school, industrially,
tive part in politica. There is no "chasm"
; are sold at forty ceats apiece.
amount required by the Act of Congress
is,
between the graduates of the higher negro
making the grant.
1st, To make labor as instructive as
schools of the South and the patronage of
REPORT OF THE PRINCIPAL
FINANCIAL
possible.
the school officers of the states. The real
"HE HAMPTON NORMAL AND AGRI-
2d, To turn it to the best account.
trouble of colored teachers is with a
The annual running expenses of he in-
By giving each student one and a-half
class of preachers, politicians and editors
CULTURAL INSTITUTE
stitution are now estimated at $34,000.00.
or two days of work each week and four
of their own race who resent the in-
They are met as follows
Hampton, Va., May 23d, 1878.
whole days for study (by having a detail
troduction of intelligent ideas into re-
Donations for general purposes, $5,600; An-
of one-fifth out each school day, and all or
ligion and into the relations of life. They
ie Trustees of the Hampton Normal and
nual Scholarships, @ $70.00 each. $13.000;
one-half on Saturdays), his mental interests
could easily be conciliated by substitu-
Agricultural Institute.
Personal Aid to Students, $2,500; Interest on
do not suffer materially he is physicaHy
ting Latin for labor. The colored people at
:NTLEMEN In April last this insti-
Endowment Fund, $2,500; State Aid, Interest
completed its tenth year. The first
on Land Scrip Fund, $10,400.
better off, is able to pay about one-half-
large and their leading men, as a whole,
in some cases the whole-of his personal
are most appreciative and give the school
was the purchase, in June, 1867,
Aside from state aid our income is prin-
expenses, is better fitted to take care of
and its graduates the heartiest support
é " Wood farm" of 160, acres for
cipally from the cities of Boston, New
himself and becomes more of a man.
But negro opposition is no novelty.
00.00. On Oct. 1st, of the same
York and Philadelphia, and from Massa-
Labor schools are expensive. We do
It is as much a national as a race inter-
ground was broken for tempora-
chusetts and Connecticut. New Haven,
not expect our industries as a whole to
est that the negro race be elevated. The
mildings, and on April 1st, 1868,
Hartford, and Providence, R. I. are gen-
pay. They are primarily educational, yet
success of the negro teacher indicates the
ol opened with fifteen boarding stu-
erous auxiliaries.
they have, under the circumstances, done
way it is to be done. In ten years not a
3, and one teacher and a matron.
For one-half of our income there is no
well this year, and, in time, some of them
serious grievance has been reported by
ie farm was soon reduced to 125 acres
guarantee whatever; yet support is mor-
will, I think, be remunerative; but that is
a student to this office; nor a complaint
ie sale of outlying lots, but was in-
ally certain from the confidence of friends
not the point.
by a state officer of the conduct of a teach-
sed in 1872 to 197 acres by the pur-
both North and South.
In respect to its manual labor feature,
er. Troubles and annoyances have 00-
3 of 72 acres of the Segar" estate,
There is, however, need of an endow-
the school has been considered an experi-
cured, but nothing like outrages."
Ining, with one tenth of the proceeds
ment fund of more than two hundred thou-
ment. A fair conclusion is this: If its
It remains to push carefully selected
e sale of the Agricultural land scrip
sand dollars, the interest of which would
friends are ready to pay the increased
and fitted colored youth into the field.
ved by law for that purpose.
lessen the severe and, in more ways than
cost of giving a practical education, by
There are, at the South, thousands of them
1e first payment of $10,000.00 was
one, costly labor of collecting income,
training both hand and head, the work can
of excellent capacity and spirit, who would,
by the Hon. Josiah King of Pitts-
give the school a life of its own, indepen-
be done here and the student will be fitted
were the way opened, work for their race,
h, Pa., executor of the estate of Mr.
dence of any one man's life or power, and
for life far better than he would be with-
and be welcomed and encouraged by good
iam Avery of that city, whose legacy
better secure it against exigencies.
out that drill.
men of every class.
:50,000.00 left in 1858 for negro edu-
The condition of the freedmen called for
The success of our graduates is due, in
Hampton graduates find it easy to se-
n has been most wisely used in a way
complete educational machinery; the
a large degree, to the common sense and
cure general confidence and respect.
ttle dreamed of. The remaining
higher schools devoted to their welfare
clear ideas with which those who work
To the question, then What becomes of
0.00 was paid by the American
have not, as in the case of the whites, been
their way are imbued.
your graduates? we answer: Not less
ionary Association of New York who
a part of the growth of the race. They
The increase of students demands in-
than ninety per cent. have taught school.
the property, and were responsible
bring to bear a force from without; they
creased facilities for giving them employ-
We are satisfied that eighty per cent. were
he school till the year 1870, when the
do not express negro sentiment they in-
ment, but few are willing to aid directly
teaching last winter, and that the large
:ral Assembly of Virginia granted it
tend to create it they are no product of
in this department
majority will devote themselves to the
eral charter creating a Board of Trus-
negro civilization; they are aiding to es-
To the question, Do your gradu-
good of their people. Those who do not
to whom the Association transferred
tablish it. Hence the need of powerful,
ates become farmers or mechanics ? I
teach are generally working for themselves
property upon condition that its relig-
well-equipped institutions to act on a vast,
reply that they generally buy land, and
or others. I know of but few worthless ones.
teaching should forever be evangeli-
ignorant mass of people easily deluded and
have frequent use for their agricultural
There seems to be no general tendency to
There is, however, a majority of no
possessing immense power for good or
training. As they can teach usually less
relapse from the tone given to their lives at
on the Board.
evil to themselves and the country.
than half the year, this practical knowl-
the school. I have observed in many, a mor-
is Association could not spare more
For the past ten years, a great part of
edge is indispensable. Very few take up
al growth after graduation, the reaction of
3 from its great work in the South.
our resources has gone into building and
farming exclusively, as teaching pays bet-
right life upon character. That some will
Freedmen's Bureau was appealed to
'outfit. This work is nearly done. The
ter.
(Continued on page 44.)
46
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
ANNIVERSARY DAY AT HAMPTON
THE ORDER OF THE DAY
Egyptian art, and they are allowed here, as
exercises, which were conducted accord-
The Tenth Anniversary of Hampton
was very much as usual with some inter-
they were in St. Augustine, to paint pictures
to the following programme:
Institute was celebrated on the 23d of
esting variations, however. The morning
and fans for sale, the money going to them-
May. It was marked with peculiar in-
was devoted as always to the examination
selves and used for clothing. Many of the
MUSIC. Chorus: Men of Harlech."
of the graduating class, and the ordinary
visitors took away such mementoes of their
Salutatory. Essay, Suggestions to my Classmates.
terest, as being the tenth, and by the
visit. But though fond of painting wild
Catharine Fields, Hampton, Va.
presence of President Hayes, who thus
recitations of the other classes. The visit-
hunts, and war dances, and grand battles,
Essay,
The Dangers of Universal Suffrage.
ors, among whom were the President and
they are not fond of recounting their own
Jacob T. Brown, Hilton Head, 8. C.
confirmed the pledges of his inaugural,
and his repeated declarations of his in-
his party, who arrived about ten o'clock,
savage deeds, and confided to Captain Pratt
Selection,
Telling the Bees,'
Whitter.
Dixie Clementine Lumpkin, Williamsburg, Va.
terest in education and the progress of
going as they liked from class-room to
that they do not like to be asked by visitors
the colored race. A very large number
class-room, or scattering over the place to
if they have scalped and killed people. It
MUSIC. Plantation Songs.
of visitors attended, some of whom came,
inspect the buildings and various indus-
would be best certainly to avoid such curi-
Essay,
Homes for Our People.
ous questioning and let their dead past bury
Angelina Talliferro, Lynchburg, Va.
no doubt, chiefly to see the President,
tries. The farm was represented by a good-
its dead and its tomahawk.
Dialogue, "The Swiss Patriot" Sheridan Knowles.
though his coming was not announced,
ly show of vegetables, fruit and sheaves of
WILLIAM TELL Thos. W. Bolling, Charles City Ca, Va.
ALBERT,
but all of whom seemed greatly inter-
waving grains, and, as at the last anniversa-
THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH.
VERNER,
Wm. H. Dagge, Washington, D. C.
ry, two knitting machines were running on
GESLER,
Wm. H. Johnson, Petersburg, Va.
ested in the school and its exercises.
The President was accompanied by two
a platform built up for them by & stairway
At noon the graduates marched, as usu-
MUSIC. Glee: All Among the Barley." Stirling.
in the Academic building, and attracted
al, to their dinner, escorted by their
Easay,
The Present Condition of the West Indies.
of his cabinet, Hon. G. W. McCrary, Sec-
rather more than the usual group of vis-
schoolmates and the school band, and
Thomas Reese, Kingston, Jamaica.
retary of War, and Attorney General
Selection,
the invited guests of various colors
"A Dutchman's Dolly Varden."
itors, because one of the operators was an
Caspar Titus, New York.
Devens, also by his son, Mr. Webb C.
Indian, who worked as deftly and cheer-
and sections sat down on the broad
Hayes, Col. R. K. Rogers, private Secre-
MUSIC. Glee: Hark, the lark." Cooks.
tary, and Mr. R. A. Evarts, son of Secre-
fully as if such peaceful occupation had
piazza of General Armstrong's house,
Debate
How can we do Most Good for Our People,
been the chief pursuit of his life.
and under the trees on the lawn, to re-
as Farmers, Ministers, or Teachers!
tary Evarts, and five ladies. The Presi-
The senior class was examined in
fresh themselves with a lunch, after which
As Farmers:
Charles H. Jones, Sanlsbury, N o.
dent's party was accompanied from Balti-
As Ministers;
President Haves in response to an invi-
Joa. 8. Davis, Pittsylvania a H, Va.
more by Hon. S. M. Shoemaker, Rev. C.
Book-keeping, Universal History, Arith-
As Teachers;
Valedictory,
Charles A. Anderson, Standon, Va.
metic, Algebra, Civil Government and the
tation which expressed the desire of all
R. Weld, Enoch Pratt, Esq., Mr. Mat-
thews of the Baltimore American, Messrs.
science of Agriculture and Agricultural
present, made the following excellent
MUBIO. Flantation Senga.
John L. Thomas, Harvey Shriver, R. P.
Chemistry.
speech, from the steps of the piazza.
Post Graduate's Address, Who are Needed in Africa!
James C. Robbins, Bristol, R.
Bland, H. C. Cramp, E. Carrington, E. H.
The recitations of the other classes em-
The announcement that I am to make an
address is unexpected, and of course it must
PRESENTATION OF DIPLOMAR."
Stimson, C. K. Wild, and several ladies.
braced Arithmetic, Geography, History of
the United States, Reading and Spelling,
be without premeditation. We all must have
MUSIC. Plantation Sengs.
Besides these, among the visitors were
many whose names are prominent in the
Physiology and Natural Philosophy. The
been very much interested in what we have
observed. When now about one-half through,
The music, which has been directed
North and South. Of the trustees of the
Seniors passed very creditable examina-
as is usual in such cases, we assume that the
this year by Mr. Charles G. Buck, former-
school, were present, Rev. M. E. Strieby,
tions. As usual, the class in Agriculture
one-half that remains will be more interesting.
ly of the Mendelssohn Glee Club of New
D.D., New York, Hon. R. W. Hughes,
attracted most attention, from its novel-
In some entertainments, we are assured that
York city, was particularly good. The
Norfolk, Va., Hon. Alex. Hyde, Lee,
ty and practical bearing. The greatest
the second half is better than the first. If
old English glees, sung without accom-
Mass., Rev. Thomas K. Fessenden, Farm-
throng, however, was found very naturally
this is the case to-day, I am sure we may con-
paniment, were delightful, and highly ap-
ington, Conn., Mr. Robert C. Ogden,
in the class-room of
gratulate heartily, the teachers, the pupils, the
patrons of this Institution.
preciated by the audience. Several of the
Brooklyn, N. Y., Mr. Samuel Holmes,
THE INDIANS.
Whenever I am called upon to talk to our
original band of Hampton student sing-
Montclair, N. J., Mr. Anthony M. Kim-
Our readers may be as interested as the vis-
newly made citizens-to young colored people
ers, now graduates, had returned, and the
ber, Philadelphia, Hon. Edgar Ketchum,
itors were in the roll-call of this class. It
especially, I always feel like giving them good
Plantation songs rang out with the old
New York, Mr. Z. S. Ely, New York, Dr.
consists of
advice. It is 80 easy, you know, to give ad-
fire.
Lewis H. Stiner, Baltimore (State Sena-
CHEVENNES:-*Ma-ah-chia, Soaring Eagle;
vice. We all do it,-we like to do it. New
The readings were good, and the essays
tor), Rev. A. N. Arnold, D.D., Pawtucket,
*Cow-way-how-nif, Little Chief Mar-cu-ve-
there rests-evidently-on this generation of
and speeches were marked by good com-
kist, Howard Charlton; We-ho-no-cas, White
American people, a great duty -the duty
R. I., Judge F. N. Watkins, Farmville,
Man Nu-ne-cas, Kohoe *Nan-hi-yurs,
of educating this people lately freed from
mon sense, and a very fair average of ex-
Va., Rev. J. H. Means, D. D., Bcston,
cellence.
Matches; Tich-ke-mat-se, Squint Eyes; Pa-a-
bondage, to rear them up to the full status of
Mass. Of the Curators, were present,
cys, Nick Pratt; Nock-ko-ist, Bear's Heart,
American citizenship. I am very glad to learn
Fifty-four seniors received diplomas,
Col. Thomas Tabb of Hampton, Mr. J.
KIOWAS To-un-ke-ah Etabd-le-sh
that the State of Virginia has contributed so
twenty young women, and thirty-four
H. Holmes, Richmond, A. Kenan, Peters-
Ohet-toint: Tsadle-tah; Koba.
yearly-to this great. duty,
young men. The diplomas were present-
burgh, Rev. William Thornton, Hampton,
ARAPAHOE:-*Nar-cu-bo-ist, White Bear.
and that there are such large voluntary con-
ed by the president of the Board of
and Rev. John M. Dawson, Williams-
Those whose names are marked with an are
tributions to it in support of this institution.
Trustees, Rev. M. E. Strieby, D. D., with
burgh (State Senator).
to be transferred in September to Bishop
And what we have seen here shows that both
the following address to the graduat-
Whipple's school in Minnesota.
sides of education to citizenship are attended
Among the guests were, also, Mrs. E.L.
to here. Knowing how to work to support
ing class.
Having been at Hampton but five or six weeks,
Youmans of New York, Mrs. Walter Ba-
their knowledge of English, and so forth, had
oneself is an important part of civilized life.
My young friends, & fair field and chance
ker and friends of Dorchester, Mass., Miss
been chiefly acquired at St. Augustine. Their
The man who cannot earn a home for himself-
are the right of every human being, and al.
M. A. Longstreth of Philadelphia, Mrs. C.
former commandant and good friend, Cap-
who cannot lay up something against & wet
most all men are willing to grant that right,
Boswell, Mrs. E. G. Sessons, and Rev. F.
tain Pratt, who came to see them examined,
day, is not quite prepared for American citi-
and most, a little more. If a man falls into the
S. Hatch of New Hartford, Ct., Mr. G. E.
says, however, that they have perceptibly
zenship. So this is what I have to say to my
water, or drives his team into a ditch, al-
improved since they came, particularly in dis-
colored friends: You have learned to work.
most any one who passes by will turn to
Brown of Boston, Hon. Chas. Kimball and
tinctness of speech-and who is a better judge
In these two hundred years that you have been
and work hard to help him out and set him
wife, of Lowell, Mass., Capt. R. K. Pratt,
of them than he 1 He declares himself more
in America your people have done agreat deal
on his feet again, There is a very general
A., Rev. John Harding of Springfield,
and more convinced that they are in just
of work. Now learn to save. The question all
instinctive desire for fair play among men.
Mass. (representing the Springfield Re-
the right place, and remarked, I had
intelligent people interested in your progress
Now, I believe this is true in regard to the
publican), Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Hall of
known you would take my speech down that
ask is, they accumulate property? Do they
efforts now making in behalf of your race.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Miss Day of Elizabeth, N.
I made when they first came, I would have
pay taxes I Do they own homes ? The great
In the attendance here to-day the Govern-
J., Dr. A. T. Ball, Mr. Willmott Williams
explained more fully just why I said I was
Doctor Johnson said, Frugality is the
ment of the United States is represented by
and Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Bartlett of New
sure there would be no trouble between them
daughter of Prudence, the sister of Tem-
its presiding officer. The old mother State,
York, Misses L. and E. L. Austin of
and the other students. It in, that they have
perance, the mother of Liberty.' Re-
Virginia, is represented by the noblest
come with a purpose. They have come not
member there is no independence to be
of her sons and daughters, and more sub-
Philadelphia, Mr. Clark (Max Adeler) of
to quarrel, but to study and work. And when
gained without frugality. I said about this
stantially by her noble gift of $10,000 a
the Evening Bulletin, Philadelphia, and
they have a purpose, they stick to it. Then,
same thing the other day to the students of
year. The South is represented. Southern
Messrs. S. C. Hubbard and John Aitkin
all are too busy here to quarrel. When peo-
Howard University. The real way to this
people are coming more and more every year
of New York.
ple are kept busy they do not quarrel." The
glorious privilege of independence is for every
to recognize the effort made here in your be-
From nearer home, two excursion steam-
Indians were examined in spelling, reading
young colored man to learn to labor and to
half. And the North is represented by the
ers brought & large number of visitors
and writing and geography. The general at-
save. As Burns says:
many of its best people who come here to vis-
mosphere of excitement around them seemed to
it you, or teach you. Many noble hearts'are
from Norfolk, about two hundred and fif-
Not for to hide it & hedge,
rouse them out of their ordinary shyness before
Not for a train-attendant;
seeking your good. These are represented
ty in all. Among them were Capt. Trux-
visitors for shy they are, and capable of blush-
But for the glorious privilege
here to-day.
ton, U. S. N., with a party of ladies and
ing, conventional ideas of Indian equanimity
Of being independent.
You have had this help, and now you are
officers from the Navy Yard, General
notwithstanding - and they answered ques-
Now, this is a simple thing, but it is the real
going out to use what you have gained. You
Groner and family, General T. H. Webb,
tions, bounded states and spelled their long
thing. If you earn $10-save a little of it.
will no longer have these opportunities of aid,
Captain and Mrs. Pegram, Capt. Taylor,
names with a wide-awake celerity and smil-
If you earn $100, save more. The differ-
these helpers all around you.
Mrs. Capt. Boutelle, and Mr. A. F. Cun-
ing eagerness that brought frequent respon-
ence between spending all and saving some-
We may all come here next year, President
ningham.
sive smiles from the interested throng about
thing is the difference between misery and hap-
Hayes may come perhaps, other of your friends
them.
will come, but you will be far off. Your
From Fortress Monroe, General Getty,
piness. I was riding with a friend of mine
Any incidents concerning these Indian stu-
teacher will be here-the school work will all
General Upton, Major Calif, Major and
the other day, and talking about this, and
dents will no doubt be interesting to our
he reminded me of the words of that great
go on as usual, but you will be off in the field,
Mrs. Campbell, and Lieuts. Zalinski,
readers at this early stage of their connection
moral philosopher in whose mouth Dickens
hard at work, alone. You are going forth,
Clark, Smith and Paddock, with other
with the school, and one may be told which will
puts & better expression of this truth than I
and I feel I speak the sentiments of this as-
citizens and ladies.
illustrate their characteristic, as Capt. Pratt
can give. Mr. Wilkins Micarober-you know,
sembly of your friends in saying that you give
From the Chesapeake National Soldiers'
says, of sticking to their purpose. The use of
who said to David Copperfield-
us evidence that you go forth to do & noble
Home, were present, its governor, Capt. P.
tobacco in any form is contrary to the laws of
My other piece of advice, Copperfield,
work for yourselves and for your people, and
T. Woodfin, Dr. Hare, and others. The
the Institution. The rule was explained to
you know. Annual income twenty pounds,
when I give you these diplomas, it is in evi-
them, but it was thought to be scarcely pos-
annual expenditure nineteen ninteen six,
dence to you that we believe this.
school is indebted, as in former years, to
sible that they could be brought to yield their
result happiness. Annual income twenty
When you are far off, in the lonesome places
the courtesy of Capt. Woodfin, who placed
consent to it. They stood in solemn silence
pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds
where your work is, remember this day, and
his yacht and other conveyances at its
for some time, then one looked up and with
ought and six, result misery. The blossom
these people, to cheer and comfort and encour-
disposal, and also to the Quarter Master,
one quick gesture of his hand across his lipa,
is blighted, the leaf is withered, the god
age you in your work. And remember, too,
and Mr. Phoebus, proprietor of the Hy-
as if striking a pipe away, and a short ejacu-
of day goes down upon the dreary scene, and
that wherever you are the eye of God is upon
latory grunt, indicated, in the most expressive
you, net to mark your failures only, but in
geia Hotel, for similar favors.
-and in short you are forever floored."
Hampton was represented by leading
manner possible, his resolve to give up the In-
And this is all I have to say to you: Be
tenderest pity for your weakness.
dian weed. One after another followed, af-
determined to work-to earn-to save.
By the judgment of your teachers, and in
citizens of all classes, the ministers of the
ter due deliberation, the last one taking quite
And let all of us, in any event, join in 8
evidence of their opinion of you, I am au-
white and colored churches, and its North-
a while to bring himself to the point, but final-
prayer that this Institution may be blessed
thorized to-day to present you these diplo-
ern and Southern residents, all of whom
mas."
ly all had given their consent, and Captain
in its endeavors-that its pupils, its teach-
have manifested a spirit of cordiality and
Pratt says that after they make up their mind
ers, and all its friends may be blessed."
After the distribution of the diplomas, Gen-
good will toward the school.
to a thing it is made up and they do not
The procession was then fornfed, headed
eral Armstrong remarked,
The colored race was well represented
like even to be asked again about it. They
by the officers of the school and the Pres-
am very was my mistake-that
by the parents of the graduating class,
have certainly kept to their resolve thus far
with a firmness which would do honor to
idential party, and marched to Virginia
the Senior class did not hear the noble and
leading clergymen and prominent colored
Hall chapel, which was soon filled to its
earnest words of the President in front of my
any man.
house. I asked him to speak there, thinking
citizens of Hampton, Portsmouth and
The Indians have quite a remarkable nat-
utmost. Crowds are likely to be over-es-
that some might have the opportunity of hear-
Norfolk, and colored visitors and friends
ural talent for drawing and painting, in their
timated. At least twelve hundred must
ing him who would not be able to here. It
of the students from a distance.
own peculiar style, which reminds one of
have gathered to listen to the afternoon
would not be fair to ask him to speak again,
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
47
of course, but we shall have the pleasure of
ic lives. Then, if success comes, well; if not,
general diffusion of knowledge in the town
tial election In Florida and Louisiana. The Republicans
listening to the Attorney General of the United
the brave heart within you will enable you
of Hampton, the attempt to provide him
did not vote. President Hayes sent brief measage to
the Senate, accompanied by long letter from Secreta-
States-General Devens, whom I have the
to bear safely up against any ille this life is
with a class of twenty children who had
ry Evarta, in relation to the Hallfax Fishery Award
honor to introduce to you."
heir to."
never had any instruction whatever, was a
The Presiden recommends that the appropriation be
made, "with such direction to the Executive in regard
General Devens responded.
Amid the loud applause which followed
failure, but he succeeded admirably in fixing
to Its payment as in the wisdom Congress the public
It is very embarrassing, after se polite an
this speech, 8 call for the President-the
the attention of the little ones upon the
may seem to require. The House Commit-
india-rubber rat in his pocket and its written
tee to investigate the alleged election frauds was an
introduction, to come forward with the full
President I" was raised by some insatiate
nounced 00 the of seven Democrats and
consciousness that I cannot come up to the
American sovereign, and the President very
name on the blackboard.
four Republicans. A bill was introduced In the House
complimentary notice. But I must express the
kindly responded, seeming glad, indeed, to
The lectures will continue till the close of
asking for an appropriation of $189,000,000 for internal
improvements, mainly for old Southern Canals. The
very great satisfaction I have experienced here
add & few more cordial words to those he had
the term, June 13th, and it is hoped that
government in asked to issue fifty-year five cent
in all I have seen to-day.
already spoken. He said-
the graduates may gain from them much
bond as special loan for this the Senate,
on the 21st, the house bill to forbid the further retire-
is now fourteen years since I was here
Friends: I came here this morning, as I
that is suggestive and helpful in their work
ment of legal tender notes was reported favorably by
lying for three months over in Chesspeake
think we all did, with very friendly feelings
as teachers.
the Finance Committee-On the 221, in the House, Mr.
Harrison, of Illinois, offered resolutions to extend the
Hospital-which is now the Soldiers' Home,
and favorable impressions of Hampton Insti-
investigation of alleged frauds in the late Presidential
but was then a hospital for officers-after the
tute. I may not at this time detain you in at-
election to the States of South Carolina and Oregon,
battle of Cold Harbor. The same nature lies
tempting to describe what I have seen and
A VISIT TO WICHITA AGENCY.
and not to disturb the President's title. The House, by
71 years and 50 nass, decided that a question of privi-
around me to-day. The Hampton River slips
heard that enables me to feel sure that all
Lawrie Tatum writing from Wichita Agen-
lege was involved, but than & quorum voted, the
resolutions were withdrawn. a resolo-
lazily to the sea, the ardent Virginia sun
who came will leave with feelings more friend-
cy, Fourth mo. 29th, Indian pris-
tion was adopted authorizing the select committee to to
spreads its effulgence over the broad road-
ly and impressions more favorable for all we
oners from Florida arrived here to-day, except
vestigate electoral frauds in any State where there is
stead. It is the same sea of molten silver-
have seen and heard to-day.
probable cause to believe that such frauds prac-
seventeen, who preferred to remain behind to
ticed. House, on the 23d, in Committee of the
large enough then as now for thenavies of the
You are dealing here with some of the
attend school and trades. I had a talk with
Whole, voted notto reduce the army.
world, filled now as then with great ships.
greatest problems of America; the problem
them. Lone Wolf, Double Bit, White Horse,
But now they are the ships of peace, bearing
of education, the problem of race. In both
ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS has written 8 letter do-
and Black Horse replied. The latter said, 'I
nouncing the Potter resolution as calculated to disturb
the wealth of nations, the commerce of the
of these, I think this Institution is doing
remember the time when we were all taken to
the peace of the country, declaring the opinion that
world. Then they were the iron-clad messen-
something to furnish us with a wise and safe
Forida. While there, the white people used
the affair will prove in the end, either a contemptible
farce or a horrible tragedy."
gers of war and death. And on this Peninsu-
solution. Why, think of all we have heard
to tell us what we ought to do. From them
la all is changed, 80 wonderfully changed.
this afternoon. We all know what is said to
we learned about Jesus, our Saviour. At
SATURDAY, May 25th, the Senste passed a consurred
In Chesapeake Hospital then, were five or six
be the weakest point of our colored brethren.
night, before retiring to bed, we used to read
resolution declaring that the treaty with China, allow.
hundred wounded officers; on this place,
Yet in what college commencement have. we
ing emigration to this country, might
of the Great Spirit, and talk about Jesus. I
X be modified, to subserve the best interests of both
three or_ four thousand wounded men. What
over heard more common sense expressed in
have thrown away all my bad ways and now
Governmenta
a change. The tents are struck, the bugles
simpler, purer English, than we have heard to-
love only the good. They all professed friend-
have sounded their last note of war on this
day.
ship for the white people, and an intention to
DOMESTIC
peninsula. (appplanse.) I rejoice that on the
And then, that other race. Those who
abandon the war-path, and be peaceable. Sev-
spot where those brave men lay suffering,
were present in their class room to-day, and
eral of the prisoners were young, apparently
THE Woman's Hotel to New York city, procted by
rises this institution of learning.
heard their strange names, the Soaring Eagle,
not grown, while others had their hair silver-
A. T. Stewart for the benefit of working women, who
could pay $3a week. has proyed a failure from wast of
There is a Greek story that Cadmus sowed
and the White Bear, and all the rest of the
ed with gray."
patronage, and will be opened as an ordinary hotal.
dragons' teeth in Greece, and there sprang up
big warriors led by Miss Hyde, will be glad
from them a terrible harvest of armed men for
that it is within their power to be educated
A GREAT tornado has passed over Wisconsin, destroy-
conflict and battle. But on these fields where
here.
INVENTION OF A COLORED MISSISSIP-
ing life and property.
hostile armies camped, and the dreadful needs
And I adopt the sentiment I heard expressed
PIAN.
THE American Social Science Amoriation met in Chs-
of war were sown, I rejoice that this institu-
at the lunch table. I believe that to elevate
cinnati, Ohio, May 18-94. Ameng the topics discussed
tion has sprung, devoted to liberty and learn-
any race, we must give the women equal ad-
Ben. Taylor, a colored man living in this
were Health in Schools. Money in relation to the Indos-
trious Poor, Public and Private Charity, Labor and Me
ing. That is a noble monument which Miss
vantages with the men. This is done here,
place, has lately returned from Washington,
chinery, Tramps and Tramp legislation.
Dix raised in the cemetery here to the hrave
and for these fifty-four young men and women
whither he has been to secure a patent for
men who fell fighting for their country's lib-
who graduate from here to-day, we all unite in
new steam engine which be has invented, and
THE African Methodist Episcopal Conference met in
New York city, May 23-29. passed resolution con-
erty and yours. But I thought as I looked
praying that God may bless them."
which, if the judgment of many experienced
demning the African Emigration scheme as it pre-
up to it day that a more beautiful one had
The President's hearty impromptu
and scientific men to whom he has shown his
sents itself in South Carolina.
been raised here to that army, which vindicated
speech was received with great applause.
model is correct, is calculated to revolutionize
MONTANA is overrun with grasshoppers.
the authority of 8 President elected by all the
the present application of steam. The engine
forms of law-which stood for the country's
The audience then joined by request in
is rotary, having the steam applied at the cir-
WILLIAM CULLEN BEYANT on returning from the tin-
honor, for the liberty of all men. It seemed
the old ringing missionary hymn,
cumference of a wheel, giving this treble the
veiling of & status in Central Park, May 81, alpped
on a door-step and struck his head, becoming at once
to me that a nobler monument than brass or
From Greenland's icy mountains,"
force of ordinary engines. with no distinguish-
unconsclous.
marble or granite, is an institution like this,
and a prayer by Rev. Dr. Means closed
ing of power at the various stages of the revo-
THE General Association of the Baptist Church is now
built for instruction; SO well and 80 strongly
the exercises of the day, which, from
lution of the wheel. This invention dispenses
sitting at Norfolk. and the ministers will visit Hampton
built, and to last, and to carry forward the
beginning to end, may be called a suc-
with all the machinery except the one wheel,
Institute to-day (May 31).
benefits of instruction from generation to gen-
cessful close of Hampton's first decade,
which answers at once the purpose of cylinder
THE annual convention of the Educational Associa-
eration. I recall the language of a brave offi-
and driving wheel, and two steam boxes
tion of Virginia will be held in Hempton, July 9-12.
and a promising send off for her next one.
cer whom I knew well, who was welcomed
through which the steam is applied. It is esti-
Four thousand operatives are thrown out of employ-
on the battleffeld of Gettysburgh by every one
mated that engines on this plan can be man-
ment by the stopping of the Mills at Fall River, Mass.
who saw him with, How glad I am to see
ufactured at one-fourth, or less, the cost of
you are come." Yes, he replied, I've
ALUMNI ASSOCIATION.
thome now in use, and their simplicity and the
THE American Institute & Instruction hold is
forty wisth annual meeting at the White Modertains,
come, and I've come to stay. And stay he
An interesting feature of this tenth anniver-
possibility of making them of extremely light
New Hampshire, July B, 10, 11, 12. Headquarters at Fa-
did, and sleeping on the battle-field, awaits
sary was the presence of over fifty of the past
weight will extend the use of steam engines
bynn's. This meeting is expected to bring together the
his just reward. I am glad that this Institu-
beyond the present limit. Ben. Taylor, the
leading and be the Burgest education most-
graduates representing all of the seven
ing ever held to the country, and the refroads and to
has come to stay. I am glad to see these col-
inventor, is sort of mechanical genius, having
tels have resuced their rates to those who attend, mak-
classes which had graduated from the Insti-
lege walls 80 well and strongly built, to give
before manifested an insight into mechanics
ing the round trip from Boston, including betal, bills
tute, now returning to establish for the first
days, ticket and travel, $14, or $15
shelter to those who seek instruction for
time an Alumni Association. Hampton wel-
ordinary degree. invention, if nothing
with excursions to ML Washington, and Special these
hundreds of years.
comed back her children, with most of whom,
fails-and the probabilities are in his favor-
are also made with other cities and any further infor-
I see above me the name of John C. Whitin
will rank him among the rstinventors of the
may be had by addressing the Secretary, Ges.
indeed, she has been in constant and frequent
A. Littlefield, Malden, Mans.
inscribed upon this marble on the wall, as
communication of friendship and help, ever
day.-[Rosedale (Muss.) Journal.
giver of this chapel to your Institution.
I
A SUCCESSFUL experiment in silk culture has been
since they went out. These young people
made by Mr. Banuel Lowery, a colored of
know John Whitin well, and his brother Paul
have been and still are doing excellent work
Huntsville, Alabama. For three years past he has
-they are two of the noblest men, and most
NEWS OF THE MONTH.
been engaged in this enterprise, and has now about
in the field, a field of much labor, some hard-
successful manufacturers, of this country. And
quarter of an acre planted with mulberry trees, and is
ship, temptations and struggles of various
the owner of more than 100,000 worms The mulberry.
I know that they never did B piece of work
FOREIGN.
kinda, but still 8 field of glorious opportuni-
grows well in Southern Alabama; and the silk-worms
in the world which they did not mean should
THE Shah of Persia is to visit the Paris Exhibition.
have proved unusually healthy. Mr. thinks
ties for serving their people and their coun-
the cost per acre of allk culture would be about the
last. So this Hall is placed here that it may
try, opportunities which they have eagerly
Taxas have been great labor strikes in England
same as that of cotton. The experiment is of such in-
last.
sought and to a great extent appreciated and
among the colliers and the cotton operatives, throwing
dustrial importance to the South that Mr. Lowery has
thousands of mea out of employment and occasioning
come Nort to establish the necessary market, and to
Now my young friends who are about to go
improved. It is believed that this meeting of
out from his Institution: after all, all that
great suffering and disturbance.
procure all labor-saving appliances which are now am-
the Alumni has resulted, and will result, in
ployed in the preparation of silk for the market.
can be done in the way of material aid to an
good-that these graduate teachers go forth
THE leader of the Cuban rebellion has come to New
institution like this is of little importance in
York. He reports the Cuban patriots still 1,000
again with increased appreciation of the ad-
well armed and drilled, but with 40,600 opposed. He
helping it compared with the results it can
vantages they have received and the work
thinks the war will continue, but that the late concilia-
show. By its fruits is every work known.
tory policy of Spain has done against the cause of
DR. JORDAN'S
they have to do, strengthened confidence in
the patriots than all the Spanish forces combined.
Every institution can show reasons for its ex-
their Alma Mater, and renewed enthusiasm
istence, only by the sort of men and women it
Earl John Russell the great English statesman and
Chest Protecting Full Bosom
for the work to which they have devoted
turns out for the duties of life. How long
twice prime minister, died May 98th, at the age of 86.
themselves.
He has had probably, a longer public life than any of
H
would the military institution at West Point
One of the number brought with him, as
his having entered Parliament state
stand-over which my brother the Secretary
years ag o, and has always been active on the side of
Is the Latest and Best.
specimens of his work, one of his advanced
liberal measures and reform.
of War presidea,-if the American people did
It is made in accordance with the best medical
scholars, a bright little boy of twelve or four-
not see that it turns out competent officers,
Tax Congress of the Powers to discuss the treaty be-
and scientific authorities It entirely protects the
teen, and a number of map drawings very well
tween Busila and Turkey and arrange the Eastern
chest from pressure of bone, horn or steel, a prin-
brave and honest men 1 And no Institution
done in colored crayon pencils, by his pupila,
question, is to meet at Berlin, probably June 11th.
ciple unknown in all other correta.
after it is once fairly established, can stand
and some of their compositions. The exam-
except on its own character, and the charac-
Tun EASTERN QUENTION.-Hopes of peace are exain
ination of his school just out of Norfolk was
renewed. Count Schouvalor to London May
ter of the men or women it sends out into the
22, via Berlin. Speaking of the results of his mission,
Mrs. H. S. Hutchinson's
attended recently by some of his former teach-
world. I-believe that, up to this time, this
the London Port says, in semi-official form Count
ers. It did crédit to his work and we hope
Schouvaloff brings the assurance that the disposition
Institution has done all that could be expected
HYGIENIC UNDERGARMENTS
to have a more extended report of it in next
in St. Petersburg for peace quite equals that in Lon-
of it. Notwithstanding all the help that has
don."
FOR LADIES AND CHILDREN.
been given there are still great difficulties be-
month's paper.
STEAMER advices from Venezuels state that the earth-
fore it, I know, but we are entitled to BBY that
quake April 14 entirely destroyed the town of Cus
Shoulder Braces, Stocking & Skirt Supporters.
the experiment has succeeded, and that it will
and all the surrounding farms.
THE TEACHERS' INSTITUTE LECTURES.
Illustrated Catalogue and Price List sent free
continue to succeed,
POLITICAL
application. Address Mrs. H. B. HUTCHINSON,
Twenty-three of the Alumni have remained
or the Manufacturer,
I wish I could give you one word of encour-
agement which would be of use to you, which
to attend with this year's graduating class
CONGRESS: The Democrate of the House, May 17, se-
E. G. GRANVILLE, Box 86, Norfolk, Va
you could carry away and lean upon. For
the course of lectures on teaching at the In-
a quorum, and passed the Potter resolution for
the investigation of alleged frauds in the Last Presiden-
6-78-3
Agents Wanted.
there is no more interesting occasion than that
stitute, given this year by Col. F. W. Parker
when young men and women stand thus to-
of Quincy, Mass. CoL Parker has the con-
gether as fellow students for the last time, in
fidence and high recommendation of the
one moment more to separate forever. One
principal educators of New England, and is,
ENAMEL
PAINT
PAINT YOUR BUILDINGS
no doubt, one of the ablest teachers of the
The New York Enamel Paint will not only beautify your buildings,
would say to such, Be of good cheer; take up
the burden of life hopefully; do your duty
well-known system of object tesching in
manfully, cheerfully.
YORK
but preserve them.
TRADE
MARK
this country. Over nineteen hundred little
I wish you had heard the good words of
to add to them more than my own good wish-
NEW
COMPANY.
It is made of Pure Lead Zino and Linseed Oil, and is prepared ready
children are under his superintendence in
for use, & fair trial will satisfy you as to the quality, one gallon will
advice of our President. I shall not presume
the schools of Quincey, and his success is
cover twenty square yards-two coats.
there considered as established. On Anni-
Sample Cards, of 30 shades of color, sent free on application, our
es. I am sure that I speak the feelings of all
versary Day, he gave a specimen of meth-
white, as well as colors, has no superior for outside or inside work.
here present, when I wish you all success,
od of primary instruction. Unfortunately
Best of references given.
Address
for the full illustration of the theories he
New York Enamel Paint Co.,
prosperous, happy lives, and something better
advocates, though speaking volumes for the
178 PRINCE ST., New York.
than prosperous lives-manly, womanly, hero-
Sen. Warner
Cang. Bateman
Snow/Dooley
Draft Two
May 10, 1991
HAMPTON.TS
PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS: COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES, HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
MAY 12, 1991
10 A.M.
Thank you, President Harvey. [introductory acknowledgments]
You all probably know that President Harvey is an avid
tennis player. Really avid. When I shook his hand, he corrected
my grip. / /
Actually, I play both tennis and golf, and I've been
described as a cross between Jack Nicklaus and Jimmy Connors. I
play tennis like Nicklaus and golf like Connors. //
At any rate, it's a real pleasure to join you today. I am
the ninth president to visit your campus. I'm proud to say that
eight have been Republicans.
Hampton is an elite institution. It boasts the largest
endowment of any historically black college or university in the
United States. Its graduates contribute daily to our national
progress and well-being. Patricia Stevens Funderburk, whom you
honor today, serves in our Department of Health and Human
Services. Kay James also played a major role, when she served at
an assistant secretary at HHS.
You will all make your mark in the world. Today, I would
like to talk about the new world that you -- and all this year's
college graduates -- will enter. A world no longer divided by
superpower confrontation, but defined by economic competition.
2
You in the Hampton Roads area understand this world better
than most. The broad waters that surround you flow directly into
the Atlantic Ocean. Businesses in this area look abroad for
markets and opportunities. More than 100 firms in the Hampton
Roads region conduct business beyond our border. When many of
you leave this university, you look out at distant shores, places
where you hope to spread American ingenuity -- your ingenuity.
You ought to be excited about your opportunities: I know I
am. We stand on the verge of a new age of freedom. If we build
upon our strengths, and if we join hands as a people, we can
build a nation and a future unlike any ever seen in human
history.
Our first and greatest strength, of course, is our
intelligence, and our greatest tool for developing that strength
is our educational system.
But we have to be honest with ourselves: Our educational
system has slipped in recent years. Test scores continue to
fall. Dropout rates soar in many of our cities. Businesses
complain that some high school graduates don't have basic
reading, writing or math skills.
One study ranked The Educational Testing Service our 13-
year-olds last among the students of 11 industrialized nations in
math and near the bottom in science. Another placed our fifth,
ninth and 12th graders far down a list of 17 nations in math and
science proficiency.
3
We've got to do better. Too many schools, not disciplined
by competition, have become money burners. In some systems, as
much as two thirds of the educational dollar never gets to the
classroom. It vanishes in bureaucracy.
We ought to improve our schools the old-fashioned way:
through commitment and competition. Our America 2000 strategy is
aimed at making a quality education available to every child --
and every citizen -- who wants to learn. Perhaps our most
ambitous proposal involves re-inventing the American school --
not by turning the task over to a group of experts in Washington
-- by inviting a nationwide competiton to create better schools.
The concept of choice -- letting parents choose schools for
their children -- plays a role. Its time has come: Polls show
that 62 percent of the American public favors choice. 72 percent
of minority Americans advocate choice in the schools.
This should surprise no one. Choice means hope: It lets
children from poor neighborhoods enroll in the same schools as
children from wealthier ones; it gives parents the freedom to
find good schools for their sons and daughters; it frees students
from the tyranny of inadequate education.
We remain committed to such programs as Head Start, which
help prepare young students for school. Indeed, at least one
graduate in this year's class, Margorie Scott of the nursing
school, attended the Head Start program in Newport News.
We also have encouraged communities and businesses to roll
up their sleeves and help: communities, by taking on crime,
4
hunger and other disturbances that make it almost impossible to
learn. Businesses, by contributing expertise to local schools
and by developing education programs at the workplace. You've
set a great example right here with your Hampton Harbor
development. You not only have built a successful
commercial/residential area: You're turning the profits into
student scholarships.
This is appropriate: The business of education is the
business of creating better worlds. A good education enables you
to see possibilities that you would never have imagined before -
- and to reach them. But education also is a labor of love and
commitment.
I recently got a letter from an Army Sergeant serving in
Saudi Arabia. He talked about his daughter. He wrote: "I am
very proud of her and would like for her to know this; I am
thinking of her even as I sit in the Gulf, serving my country." "
Nilka Bacilio, who will receive a Bachelor's of Science from
the School of Education and Liberal Arts -- with honors in
Therapeutic Recreation -- your father says "hi. "//
Other parents, some of whom are here today, also have
written me, praising their children. I love receiving letters
like that. After all, nothing is more natural than pride in your
children. When I talk about educational choice, or educational
reform, keep in mind that we can't go anywhere go without the
support of people who love and believe in us. And if there is
5
any advice I can give today, it is this: Cherish those who give
you this kind of lift -- and return the favor whenever you can.
In fact, let me depart from my address for a moment to honor
another graduate of the Class of 1991. Dinee Riley, you have
Aurora,
i
achieved the highest grade point average of anyone in this class.
It's my privilege and honor today to hand you your diploma. //
[[[ HAND HER A DIPLOMA
]]]
Dinee, you and all your classmates should be proud of your
accomplishments. But you also know that education alone won't
let us lead the world. We must be able to make use of our
knowledge once we get out of school.
We must build a society in which everyone has a chance to
make full use of their imagination and intelligence. Our
administration does this by trying to free people from barriers
to progress.
We want to free people now trapped in hoplessness and
despair. We have put together an ambitious housing reform
package -- we call it HOPE -- which extends the promise of home
ownership to people who live in public housing communities. The
idea is simple: Give people assets. Give them permanent wealth,
not just consumable scraps of paper. Offer people independence.
Don't hold them in the bondage of dependency. HOPE replaces
traditional welfare with an ethic of encouragement. It gives
poor residents a stake in ownership -- and in prosperity.
6
We must free people who want to work, but who have been
held back by barriers of discrimination. This administration
will fight discrimination vigorously. A kinder, gentler nation
must not be gentle or kind to those who practice prejudice -- who
withhold opportunity from people because of their race, their
sex, their background. //
We must free people who want to work, but who have been
bound by red tape and unnecessary regulation. Last year,
Americans devoted 5.3 billion hours to filling out regulatory
paperwork -- 5.3 billion hours! -- at a cost to the economy of
$185 billion. This can't continue.
We must free people from punitive taxation, which takes
money that might otherwise help buy a home, pay for a child's
college education, establish a family nest-egg. The
controversial budget agreement we signed last year restrains the
growth of federal spending. It offers hope that workers in the
future will be able to spend less time working for the tax
collecter and more time working for their families.
We must free people to create the next great new invention.
Our administration repeatedly has pushed for a cut in the capital
gains tax. The cut -- contrary to what political propagandists
say -- is not a tax break for the rich. It removes a tax on
wealth that has yet to be created -- such as the wealth you will
create when you start businesses and build careers. The capital
gains tax punishes people for creating wealth and opportunities.
It is a tax on ideas, on innovation, on the American dream.
7
But mainly, we must free ourselves from doubts and fears.
We can't afford to segregate ourselves from the rest of the world
by erecting high protectionist walls. If we want to learn, we
have to compete. If we want to test ourselves, we have to
compete. If we want to take full advantage of all the wonderful
ideas and innovations appearing around the globe -- we must mix
it up in the world marketplace.
Our future lies in the world economy. Last year, exports
accounted for 88 percent of our economic growth and out trade
with other nations grows each year. Between 1986 and 1990, our
exports to the rest of the world increased 73 percent, and our
exports to our major competitors grew even more: to Germany, 80
percent; Japan, 82 percent; the European Economic Community, by
87 percent. We exported $673 billion in goods last year.
Our future depends on trade. We have asked Congress to
extend the fast-track trade procedures that presidents have been
able to use since 1974. Without fast track, we will be hard
pressed to move forward with a number of critical trade
initiatives, including the Uruguay Round of GATT talks, the North
American Free Trade Agreement and the Enterprise for the Americas
initiative. Unfortunately, some opponents of free trade have
resorted to slurs against our Mexican neighbors in hopes of
derailing fast track.
I can think of no more revealing contrast between a free-
enterprise view of the human community and the protectionist
view. Prejudice usually is nothing more than a breed of
8
cowardice. People afraid to test themselves, or to risk
challenging their own assumptions, hide behind restrictive laws
and restrictive walls.
If we want to lead the post-Cold War world -- we must
segregate ourselves behind walls of prejudice and doubt. We must
involve ourselves in the world around us. We must build ties of
mutual interest and affection -- everywhere.
The very same sentiments ought to guide us at home. In the
end, prosperity requires trust. You cannot build a business if
you must worry about being cheated, conned, attacked. Societies
divided by suspicion and strife can never move ahead. They spend
all their time fighting.
In the end, true brotherhood represents the key to happiness
-- and growth.
The programs I have discussed today give every American,
white or black or brown, rich or poor or middle class, a fair
chance to pursue his or her destiny. They try to harness the
engine of ambition in service to the common good. They do not
divide people along race or class lines; they give everyone a
shared stake in everyone else's success.
We have a chance to rekindle the kind of optimism that
characterized the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s -- one in
which men and women of all races and backgrounds joined to pursue
a common cause, a right cause -- in purusit of the goals we all
hold dear: opportunity, prosperity, justice, freedom, tolerance.
9
Today, as you take your diplomas, you have a chance to shape
a new international commonwealth of freedom. Believe in
yourselves. Trust in yourselves. Don't stop learning now.
Don't abandon your passion for ideas or causes. Work hard -- but
serve your community. Attend to the thousands of tiny deeds that
constitute a good and decent life: Treat yourself well and
respect others. Be a point of light.
To you, and to the friends and families who have supported
you over the years, congratulations on earning degrees from this
fine, historic institution. Thank you for letting me share in
your commencement exercises. God bless you and God bless the
United States of America.
#
#
#
#
Namey Mitchell
X 6222
THE REGULATORY MACHINE
Last year, regulations cost the economy at least $185 billion
or $1,700 for every taxpayer. The government generated more
than 5.3 billion hours of paperwork last year -- that's enough to
keep 2 million people doing nothing but filling out forms year
round. The following are some of the more egregious examples of
what the Washington regulatory machine produces:
"Easter Bonnet Hard Hat Rule. When OSHA changed its
rules on hard hats, it included a new requirement that
all hard hats be"disinfected. This disinfection would
have cost some $60 million a year with no measurable
benefit. There was not one documented case of someone
catching anything from a hard hat! OIRA stopped them.
OMB
"Happy Animals Rule.' Right now, the Department of
Agriculture is trying to issue animal welfare rules which
call for protection of the "psychological well-being of
primates. Climate, size of cage, time of feeding, type
of feeding, etc. are all spelled out in rigorous
detail. OIRA estimates cost of implementation at some
$3 billion annually and is trying to cut the cost by at
least two-thirds.
"Formaldehyde Safer than Peanut Butter.' OSHA wants to
require any product that contains formaldehyde --
plywood, fabric, furniture -- be labelled "carcinogenic"
even if it has only trace amounts of the chemical.
Such labelling would be required even if the formaldehyde
cannot be aspirated and there is literally no danger from
it. A person is 18 times more likely to contract cancer
and die from eating 4 tablespoons of peanut butter every
day of his life than from working in a plant producing
these products for 45 years.
"Flooding Balcony Rule." In implementing the Fair
Housing Act, HUD wanted to require all multi-unit housing
with balconies to make these balconies "flush" (with no
more than three-quarters of an inch variation) with the
inside floor level. Unfortunately, as any engineer,
architect, or home builder will tell you, doing so would
cause water to pour into the home any time it rained!
OMBOIRA made HUD change the floor/balcony variation to four
inches.
"Mechanics Nightmare." OSHA wrote regulations (called
lock-out/tag-out) designed to prevent the injury of
people who fix large, complex machinery such as a
printing press. They outlined an elaborate plan to be
followed each time the equipment was to be turned off
before someone went "in" to fix it. While such a
detailed, step-by-step procedure may be necessary to
ensure the safety of those fixing printing presses,
OSHA's complicated regulations were also written to apply
to the mechanic who turns off a car engine before
sticking his head under the hood and the electrician who
unplugs a lamp before re-wiring it. OIRA made them match
the level of regulation to the level of risk.
"Christopher Columbus Rule.' At the cost of $2.3
billion, EPA has wanted to regulate radioactive waste of
such a low level that it could only result in 13
incidents of cancer over a 10,000 year period. In most
of these cases, it would be 500 years before the cancer
occurred. Thus, if Christopher Columbus had made this
pricey investment when he "sailed the ocean blue in
1492," the first death averted would just now be
occurring.
P.1
'91-05-10 14:28 DOUG GAMBLE
DOUG GAMBLE
424-36th Place
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266
May 10/91
(213) 546-6409
TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN
2 Pages
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY (Tony Snow)
1 WAS TOLD THAT PRESIDENT HARVEY WANTED THIS YEAR'S SPEAKER TO BE THE MAN
HE MOST ADMIRED. BUT SINCE ARTHUR ASHE COULDN'T MAKE IT, I'M FILLING IN.
I COULD TELL THAT PRESIDENT HARVEY IS AN AVID TENNIS PLAYER. WHEN I SHOOK
HIS HAND HE CORRECTED MY GRIP.
-
PLAY BOTH TENNIS AND GOLF, AND I'VE BEEN DESCRIBED AS A CROSS BETWEEN JACK
NICKLAUS AND JIMMY CONNORS. 1 PLAY TENNIS LIKE NICKLAUS AND GOLF LIKE CONNORS.
THIS HAS BEEN QUITE A WEEK. MY HEALTH HAS HAD ALMOST AS MUCH PUBLICITY AS
MADONNA.
LAST SATURDAY WAS QUITE AN EXPERIENCE. MY HEART HASN'T FLUTTERED LIKE THAT SINCE
THE NIGHT I FIRST MET BARBARA.
WHEN I WAS IN THE HOSPITAL LAST SATURDAY, SOMEONE ASKED IF I THOUGHT THE POWERS
NECESSARY TO RUN THE COUNTRY SHOULD BE TRANSFERRED OVER. I SAID "I SURE DO,
BUT I DON'T THINK CONGRESS WILL GIVE THEM TO ME."
MORE
'91-05-10 14:28 DOUG GAMBLE
P.2
- 2 -
DOUG GAMBLE
TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN - HAMPTON U. (CONT'D)
PEOPLE IN NEIGHBORHOODS I'VE TRAVELLED THROUGH WERE GLAD WHEN I FINALLY TOOK
OFF THE ELECTRONIC MONITORING DEVICE I WAS € WEARING TO TRANSMIT CONTINUOUS
ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS TO THE DOCTORS. EVERYTIME MY PULSE RATE INCREASED,
GARAGE DOORS WOULD OPEN.
IT'S ONE THING FOR BOTH ME AND BARBARA TO HAVE THE SAME THYROID CONDITION,
BUT I'LL CONSIDER IT TAKING TOGETHERNESS TOO FAR IF MY HAIR ALSO TURNS WHITE.
AS BARBARA SAID LAST NIGHT "DON'T SAY I'VE NEVER GIVEN YOU ANYTHING."
I DIDN'T MIND THE DOCTOR EXAMINING MY THYROID, BUT I WANTED TO MAKE SURE HE
WASN'T A DEMOCRAT BEFORE I LET HIM PUT HIS HANDS AROUND MY THROAT.
WHEN I GOT INTO POLITICS I KNEW THERE WOULD BE TIMES WHEN I'D HAVE TO EAT CROW,
BUT I NEVER BARGAINED ON HAVING TO DRINK RADIOACTIVE IODINE.
AT LEAST THE RADIOACTIVE IODINE SERVED A PRACTICAL PURPOSE. I WANTED TO GO
RIGHT TO SLEEP LAST NIGHT BUT BARBARA WANTED TO READ, S0 SHE USED MY GLOW AS
A NIGHT LIGHT.
I'LL TELL YOU SOMETHING ABOUT THAT RADIOACTIVE IODINE I HAD TO DRINK. IT MAY
HAVE BEEN "LESS FILLING," BUT IT DIDN'T "TASTE GREAT."
will mgpts productions- -
Lorna Grenadier
514-4853
David
race?
time ? 3845-
514-3845 514- new racent in
year
FOR RELEASE UPON DELIVERY
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 13, 1991
*REMARKS BY
LOUIS W. SULLIVAN, M.D.
SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
13TH ANNUAL BLACK FAMILY CONFERENCE
HAMPTON, VIRGINIA
*TEXT IS THE BASIS OF SECRETARY SULLIVAN'S ORAL REMARKS.
IT SHOULD BE USED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT SOME MATERIAL MAY
BE ADDED OR OMITTED DURING PRESENTATION.
PO2
16S2-972 SOI/SHHO* 03:40PM 16 '80 90
1
Thank you Dr. Harvey. And thank you students, faculty and
friends of Hampton University for welcoming me here tonight.
Tonight I am going to talk about our most precious national
treasure -- our children. The theme for my remarks comes from a
famous Hampton alumnus, Booker T. Washington, who said,
"Character, not circumstances, makes a man."
I believe Washington was right. Discussions about our
children are dominated by the often deplorable circumstances too
many of them face. As essential as it is to address these
conditions, we must not forget an even more critical question --
are we nurturing and raising children with character?
Unquestionably, the circumstances facing many of our
children are not ideal: too many are living in a. poverty of
means and opportunity; too many lack access to adequate health
care; too many are too frightened to play in their own
neighborhoods because of violence and crime; and far too many are
without the support and guidance of both parents.
And yet the Black community is a community of survivors.
Black history is a history of overcoming negative circumstances
by the force of our character -- character forged by the twin
sources of our strength, family and community.
We endured 200 years of slavery and more than 80 years of
segregation. Throughout these difficult times we embraced the
values of kinship, solidarity, and perseverance. However I fear
that in the past few decades, on our road toward economic,
political and educational attainment, we have put aside many
things that have been critical to our survival. In the past we
did not have access to many social institutions, those doors were
closed. And yet, in many respects, we survived better as a
people. It is time to remember what worked.
What worked is tight-knit families and strong communities.
I think back to my own childhood in Blakely, Georgia. My parents
faced very difficult circumstances trying to raise children in
the segregated South of the forties and fifties. But even though
our family lacked many material goods, we did not consider
ourselves poor. There was a richness which came from the
resources of a caring community and two loving parents.
I was not just the child of my father and mother -- I was,
in effect, a child of the entire neighborhood. When I was out of
sight of the folks and I thought that I could get away with
something, Mr. Williams or Mrs. Lewis down the block was sure to
step in and point out the error of my ways, and administer
appropriate corrective therapy.
1
16S2-92 SHHO* 03:408M 16 '90 'SO
Now, I have to admit, there were times when all this
attention to my personal life was not particularly welcome. But
looking back, I see that the attention and discipline from my
family and neighbors, was the basis of a healthy, happy
childhood.
Too many children in the nineties are missing childhood.
It is a trend affecting children across every racial and socio-
economic group. Children of the nineties have more gadgets than
guidance. They have Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle dolls and
Nintendo cartridges, and a new pair of sneakers every month. Yet
they lack the essential ingredients of childhood: the love,
support and guidance of their family and their neighborhood.
The collapse of the American family in the past few decades
is historically unprecedented in the U.S., and possibly in the
world. In 1988, more than 1 in 5 families with children were
headed by a single parent. That's quite a dramatic change since
1960, when the figure was 1 in 12.
The vast majority of those single parents are women raising
children without the biological father in the home. Nowhere is
this trend more apparent than in the Black community where 86
percent of children spend part of their childhood living in a
mother-only family.
During the sixties and seventies, the proportion of children
raised in a single parent family skyrocketed. Today, two out of
three Black babies are born to unmarried women; as are one out of
three Hispanic babies and one out of five white babies. That's
more than one million babies a year!
We all know how difficult it is to juggle the many competing
demands on our time and attention. So one parent trying to do
the job of two faces an unenviable, and daunting task. Some
argue that the high rate of single-parenthood has not adversely
affected our children. But, sadly, the research does not bear
them out. Family structure -- the presence of both a mother and
a father -- has a significant effect on the health and well-being
of children.
Study after study has shown that children from single-parent
families are five times more likely to be poor and twice as
likely to drop out of school, than their counterparts who grew up
with both parents. They are also more likely to be involved in
criminal activity, to abuse drugs and alcohol, to suffer ill-
health, and to become trapped in welfare dependency.
2
P04
16SL-SPZ SOT/SHHO* WI0:S0 IS '80 90
This is not to say that children raised by a single-parent
are doomed to failure. There are conditions and behavior
patterns which make for family success regardless of family
structure. A recent HHS study looked at successful families,
both two-parent and single-parent families, to discover the
distinguishing characteristics of strong families.
We found that strong families exhibit a great deal of
commitment to one another. Family members express appreciation
to each other, and have good communication. In spite of hectic
days and busy schedules, they make time to be together. I was
shocked and saddened to read recently that parents today spend 40
percent less time with their children than parents did in 1965.
In 1985, parents spent only about 17 hours a week interacting
with their children, down from 30 hours a week in 1965.
Spiritual wellness is another quality found in strong
families which typically manifests itself by attending a church,
a mosque or a synagogue; showing a genuine concern for others;
having a sense of purpose in life; and a feeling of being part of
something larger than themselves. Strong families displayed an
ability to deal with crisis and stress, and family members often
reported a sense of community and a connectedness with others.
For too many children in America, childhood is marred by the
instability of their family, and the lack of time their parents
spend with them. Another factor robbing children of a healthy
and happy childhood, is the senseless violence ripping apart our
communities.
The news during the last several weeks from the Persian Gulf
has captured the thoughts and prayers of all Americans. I, like
many Americans, was awed by a victory won in 100 hours. I was
struck by the heartfelt concern of the American people for our
troops, a concern evidenced by the many yellow ribbons of hope
and remembrance. I sense on the part of our nation, a profound
sense of loss for the young men and women who were killed or
injured in that campaign, and compassion for their families and
friends.
Yet during the same 100 hours when we lost some of our fine
young troops -- we suffered a far greater loss here at home. In
100 hours here on the streets of America, we lose three times as
many young people to violent death by firearms! Where are the
yellow ribbons of hope and remembrance for our youth dying in the
streets? Where is the concerted, heartfelt commitment to
supporting the children of this war?
3
POR
SOT/SHHG* '80 'SO
Tomorrow, my Department is going to release a new report,
"Firearm Mortality Among Children, Youth and Young Adults." That
report paints a startling picture:
One out of five deaths of teens and young adults in 1988 was
gun-related. That's more than 16,000 of our young people!
For the first time, the firearm death rates for both white
and black male teenagers exceeded the total from all natural
causes of death.
Black male teens were 11 times more likely to be killed by a
gun than their white counterparts. In one year, 1988, the
firearm homicide rate for Black teenagers jumped 38 percent!
As Secretary of Health and Human Services, and as a
physician, I find these figures deeply disturbing. As a Black
man and a father of three, this reality shakes me to the core of
my being. Do you realize that the leading killer of young black
males, is young black males?
We are seeing our communities, especially our inner-city
neighborhoods, ripped apart by a culture of violence. How does
it start, where does this violence come from? From some
unexpected places. Many of our children are being raised by a TV
nanny, spending more waking hours in front of the television than
with their parents. Our children under six watch some of the
most violent scenes on television in cartoon programs.
But for many of the children in poor America, the violence
isn't fictional. The National Institute of Mental Health has
shown that even when a child is off the streets, and "safe at
home," they may not be safe. A study of 137 children in a low-
income neighborhood in Washington D.C. revealed that these
children experienced six times as much violence in their homes as
the national norm. One in three of the children studied had seen
either a shooting or stabbing in their neighborhood. This
ecology of violence takes its toll. The children displayed three
times the national average of "clinically deviant" signs of
depression, fear or hyperactivity.
Well, I am not here as a prophet of doom, to weep about what
was, and may never be again. No, I am here to sound a call, a
challenge. During my tenure as a Cabinet Secretary, I have been
"beating the drum" for a return to a culture of character. A
culture in which parents invest time and attention in their
children, and the children of the neighborhood. A culture in
which children growing up without a father are a small minority,
not the majority. And a culture in which neighbors become
actively involved in making their neighborhood a safe haven for
children.
4
PO9
245-7591 SOI/SHHO* 03:40PM 16 9090
Lasting solutions to the problems of the Black community
will be found within the Black community, and will involve the
revitalization of the spirit of family and community.
Let me give you some examples of communities taking
responsibility for their neighborhoods and their children. In
January I visited Memphis, Tennessee, which has one of the
highest rates of child poverty in the nation. Community leaders
including the Mayor, business leaders, teachers, clergy and
others have banded together to form an innovative anti-poverty
strategy called "Free the Children." So far the group has
created a business association in an economically depressed
neighborhood, paired churches in affluent areas with churches in
impoverished areas, and set up after-school tutoring centers
staffed by volunteers. Free the Children also links caring
adults with at-risk youth in a mentoring program.
In Boston, the Violence Prevention Project operates on the
assumption that education can change behavior. Community members
developed a conflict resolution curriculum for local schools
which makes students aware of homicide and the factors associated
with it, presents positive ways to deal with anger and arguments,
and explores choices, other than fighting, to resolve conflicts.
The curriculum is used in community settings -- in places like
churches, housing developments, and neighborhood health centers -
- in order to deliver the message of violence prevention.
I believe the Federal government's role should be to
encourage and assist in the spread of local, indigenous efforts -
- not to supplant those efforts with massive bureaucratic
interventions as happened so often in the past. Our goal is to
empower active, involved communities to address problems with
creative programs tailored to local needs.
Building upon the principle that effective strategies must
work through the people closest to the individual -- that is, the
family and community -- HHS has launched the Minority Male
Initiative to reach out to at-risk youth. The initiative
provides "seed money" to communities in the form of competitive
grants. We began this initiative last fall, by awarding $2.4
million to 83 organizations to support conferences and to help
launch community-based coalitions. In April, we will award
grants for more and larger, demonstration projects.
Yes, the government has a role in solving the problems of
violence, and drugs, and teenage pregnancy, and AIDS. But it is
far more important what ye are doing to help ourselves -- what we
are doing to help each other. Around this country, hundreds of
families, neighborhoods and community groups are coming together
in coalitions to develop a culture of character. And these
community-based efforts are working! We are seeing encouraging
trends.
5
POP
05. 08. 91 03:40PM *DHHS/IOS 245-7591
For example, a recent national study of high school seniors
reported that for the first time since 1975, less than half of
high school seniors have tried an illicit drug.
We are presently conducting a racial breakdown of the data.
Our findings from this study run counter to the negative image of
Black youth held by many in our society. Stereotyped media
images of gold-ladened hustlers and jewel-bedecked drug dealers
have impressed a myth upon American minds. This myth belies the
facts about the majority of our young men and women.
The fact is that the majority of Black youth do complete
high school. The fact is that Black high school students are
more likely than any other racial group to perceive alcohol use
and other drug use as risks not worth taking. The fact is that
Black high school students are more likely to disapprove, and to
disapprove strongly, of drug use. And the fact is that Black
high school students are less likely than their white
counterparts to use alcohol. cigarettes. or cocaine.
This is an impressive report! Now we need to make a
concerted effort to reach all our young people -- especially
those who have dropped out of school -- with the message that
drug use is not a rite of passage, but a road to disaster.
The explanation for the improvement given by the project
director points back to community involvement. One of the key
factors influencing attitudes about drug use -- the perception of
risk, and the approval or disapproval of drug use -- is religious
influence. This study of over 70,000 high school seniors
reaffirms what many of you already know, involvement in value
generating institutions, like churches, correlates consistently
with lower drug use.
Another encouraging trend is a slow down in the breakup of
traditional families, where "traditional" is defined as a married
mother and father raising children. Among Blacks, the average
annual increase of fatherless families fell from 6.8 percent
during the seventies, to 2.7 percent in the eighties.
Ann Hill, director of program development for the National
Urban League attributes the change to a culmination of efforts
within communities, "to stress values and to help young people
to act more responsibly." The hard work of churches and
community groups, schools and civic groups, is paying off. Black
families and communities are making a comeback.
6
PO9
16S2-962 SOI/SHHG* IS '80 90
I have a special message for the Hampton University
community here tonight. As the economy continues to mature into
a high-tech manufacturing and service-sector based economy,
America will need literate, skilled, highly trained workers.
Workers who use their brains rather than their backs. As
scholars, you are on the right track to assume a leadership role
in this restructured economy.
As a graduate of Morehouse College, and founder of the
Morehouse School of Medicine, I have a deep appreciation of
Historically Black Colleges and Universities. HBCUs provide an
essential service by preparing Black students for leadership
positions in an ever-changing economy. That is why my Department
has devoted $84 million to HCBUs in fiscal year 1990.
I am not the only one who believes in HBCUs, and understands
their importance to the Black community and to the nation. I am
pleased to announce that in recognition of Hampton's outstanding
achievement, President Bush has chosen to speak at Hampton
University's commencement. I congratulate you on this singular
honor, for the President speaks at only a select few Universities
each year.
In closing I would like to quote someone who profoundly
influenced me when I was a student at Morehouse College, the late
Dr. Benjamin E. Mays. Dr. Mays said, "We make our living by
what we get. We get our life by what we give." Hampton
University has given me hope tonight, hope and a vision -- a
vision for a reinvigorated culture of character, and hope for the
future of the Black family.
####
7
PO9
SOT/SHHO* WI0:S0 IS 80 90
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
To : ms. Dooley
From: Namper Mckemy
df any questions, plane
9.00 men - call.
Gilesa McKenney
301/977-9682 (n)
Don Richard Assoc
15245 Shady Grove Road
Rockville, MD
TRANSMITTAL FORM CD-82A (10-67)
PRESCRIBED BY DAO 214-2
401-0409
Selected Educational Attainment Summary Measures for Black
Persons 25 to 34 Years Old : March 1990, Spring 1987 and
March 1980
Educational
1990
1980
Attainment
Black
White
Black
White
Percent completed-
Less than 5 years
1.1
1.1
0.5
1.0
4 yrs. of high School
or more
82.3
86.8
80.5
87.2
4 yrs. of college
12.4
or more
13.6
24.8
13.2
24.5
In 1980, 75 percent of Blacks 25 to 34 years old had completed at
least 4 years of high school; by 1990, this proportion had
increased to 82 percent. The corresponding figures for Whites
were 87 percent for both 1980 and 1990. Hence the educational
differential between Black and White young adults narrowed
between 1980 and 1990.
In 1990, the proportion of Black young adults 25 to 34 years old
who completed 4 years of college or more increased from 12.4
percent in 1980 to 13.6 percent in 1990.
The median earnings of Black female year-round, full-time workers
increased from $16,180 in 1979 to $17,390 in 1989. The median
earnings of Black male year-round full-time workers declined
during the decade. In 1979 Black males median earnings were
($21,760) and ($20,430) in 1989.
In 1989, the median earnings of Black females year-round, full-
time workers with a high school education ($16,440) was 81
percent of their Black male counterparts. However, Black females
with 4 or more years of college had median earnings of ($26,730)
for about 85 percent of their Black male counterparts.
The annual labor force participation rate of Black women
increased from 53 percent in 1980 to 58 percent in 1990.
Based on data from the 1987 Survey of Income Program and
Participation, the average monthly income of Black persons 18
years old and over with a Bachelor's degree was $1,596, compared
with $2,159 for Whites. Persons with a Master's degree had
average monthly incomes of $2,180 for Blacks and $2,825 for
Whites. Hence, an advance education degree does pay off. (These
data were not available for persons 25 to 34 years old.)
04/05/91 09:35 a
HAMPTON COLISEUM
0002
H.U. GRADUATION
86 43
STAGE
225
OS
RIGHT
ORCHESTRA
ORCHESTRA
ARENA
S
5
(5)
a
CAPACITY
I-R
J-Q
K-P
U.S. PRESIDENTS WHO HAVE VISITED
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
1.
President Hayes
Republican
May 23, 1878
2.
President Arthur
Republican
May 13, 1882
3.
President Ulysses S. Grant
Republican
Visited after
retirement from
office (3/4/69 -
3/3/73)
4.
President William McKinley
Republican
Visited
5.
President James A. Garfield
Republican
Visited 1881
6.
President Theodore Roosevelt
Republican
Visited July 1906
7.
President William Howard Taft
Republican
President of the
Board of Trustees
8.
President Woodrow Wilson
Democrat
Founders Day
Address, 1897
FIRST LADY
9.
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt
Represented her
husband
1938
The Southern Workman
Published monthly by Hampton Institute
VOL. LXVII
JUNE 1938
No. 6
Mrs. Roosevelt's Address
163
St. Paul's Jubilee
164
SEEKING A PLACE IN THE COMMUNITY
MRS. F. D. ROOSEVELT
165
GREETINGS TO THE SENIOR CLASSES
DR. CHESTER B. EMERSON 171
SEVENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF HAMPTON
INSTITUTE
173
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE BOARD
OF TRUSTEES OF HAMPTON INSTITUTE DR. ARTHUR HOWE
178
HAMPTON INCIDENTS
190
ISAAC FISHER, Editor
THE SOUTHERN WORKMAN was founded by
Samuel Chapman Armstrong in 1872, and is a
Contributing Editors
monthly magazine devoted to the interests of
WILLIAM ANTHONY AERY
undeveloped races.
GEORGE ADRIAN KUYPER
WILLIAM M. COOPER
It contains reports from Negro and Indian
Viticles in the SOUTHERN WORKMAN are in-
populations, with pictures of reservations and
leved in the International Index to Periodicals.
plantation life, as well as information concern-
ing Hampton graduates and ex-students. It also
TERMS: One dollar a year in advance; ten
provides a forum for the discussion of race
this copy.
problems. The late Dr. Francis G. Peabody,
CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Persons making a
Plummer Professor of Christian Morals, Emeri-
Lange of address should send the old as well
tus, of Harvard University, said, "The Southern
med address to
Workman is admirable, both in its report of
news and in its literary form. It should have a
THE SOUTHERN WORKMAN
real influence in the education of public
Hampton, Virginia
opinion."
Entered as second-class matter August 13, 1908,
CONTRIBUTIONS. The editors do not hold
Post Office at Hampton, Virginia, under
Act of July 16, 1894.
themselves responsible for the opinions express-
ed in contributed matter. Their aim is simply
Acceptance for mailing at special rate of
to place before readers statements by men and
postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of
women of ability without regard to opinions
authorized on July 3, 1918.
held.
The Southern Workman
VOL. LXVII
JUNE 1938
No. 6
EDITORIALS
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt stood on the stage in
Mrs. Roosevelt's Ogden Hall Auditorium and, looking the audi-
Address
ence squarely in the face, spoke to it out of her
heart.
There was no manuscript before her. She made no at-
tempt to dramatize her message by studied oratorical manner-
isms. There were exhibited none of the devices of those public
speakers who play upon the feelings of an audience to pro-
duce certain visible and emotional effects. But with the mov-
ing power of a person deeply sincere and in earnest, Mrs.
Roosevelt delivered a message that was in strictest conformity
to the ideals of Hampton Institute, the seventieth anniversary
of which her address signalized.
Common sense, practicality and simplicity were the key-
notes of her address. In assuming that a common-sense present-
ment would be acceptable to her audience, she paid it the un-
expressed tribute of belief that it is making progress, accord-
ing to the Founder's yardstick of measurement. Said General
Armstrong, at one time: "Only so far as common sense and
character influence a people and make a public sentiment are
they advancing"; for, as he said later: "Sanctified common
sense is the force that wins."
Mrs. Roosevelt's subject, "Seeking a Place in a Commun-
ity," her simple, earnest manner of presenting it and her em-
phasis upon high character were in strictest harmony with
General Armstrong's explanation of what Hampton is to do
for the schools and the community at large. The common
schools, he said, were to be used by the Institute as a leverage
in the redemptive process, "by supplying them with the best
of teachers; with men whose knowledge has cost them some-
thing, who are able to win their bread, as the people must,
and can tell them how to do it; who shall be not only peda-
gogues but guides and civilizers, whose power shall be that of
character and example, not of sounding words."
In her closing remarks relative to the existing situation
which requires that "anyone in a minority group has got to
strive to do a better job" than other persons, Mrs. Roosevelt
164
The Southern Workman
was, in wisdom and a sense of the realities, walking with him
who founded Hampton Institute in 1868. Before the American
Missionary Association, in 1877, General Armstrong, speaking
of the means by which the Negro must overcome his serious
handicaps, said: "In salvation by hard hard work is his hope,
his in hoc vinces."
For her example of unstudied simplicity by a person set
in high estate, for daring to treat a simple but necessary topic,
for the friendliness and democracy of her appearance here
and for holding her discussion to the common-sense doctrines
which are the heritages of this school, Mrs. Roosevelt has laid
Hampton Institute under a great debt of gratitude.
The interest of Hampton Institute in St. Paul
St. Paul's
Normal and Industrial School has been recently
Jubilee
reaffirmed through THE SOUTHERN WORKMAN. It
remains to express a word of satisfaction for
the celebration of the school's Fiftieth Anniversary through
May 1-3, 1938.
Attended by its friends, cheered by its alumni, stimulated
by its students and praised by public men of standing whose
words count for much, St. Paul had an opportunity to see how
highly its work is valued.
The warm words of appreciation from His Excellency,
James H. Price, Governor of Virginia, bespoke the tribute of
all men and women of good will in this Commonwealth. He
reflected the verdict of those who know and who agree with
the statement of Presiding Bishop H. St. George Tucker that
"St. Paul's School has conferred a benefit not only upon the
Negro Race, but upon the whole section of the country to which
this school ministers."
The spontaneous evidences of public appreciation, which
the Golden Jubilee Celebration has uncovered should encour-
age President Russell to persevere in the work to which he
has been called-work which he is doing so well.
J
Vol. 26, No. 3.
HH
March, 1897.
SOUTHERNWORKMAN
AND
HAMPTON SCHOOL
RECORD
Idleness is worse than ignorance : the unlettered
are often powerful, but indolence is weak, and always
goes down before energy.
S.C. ARMSTRONG.
March, 1897.
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
51.
You know we lost our little boy two years ago and
Virginia is honored in having the name of Aimstrong en-
our little baby has died also. O. we have had a hard
rolled upon her roster of brave and honorable men, for
time out here. I was sick and could not help myself
Virginia has given birth to many heroic souls. and while
in any way: I almost died out here, and the baby was
she did not produce Armstrong, he too has consecrated
sick and died after that. The doctor at the Agency treat-
her soil.
ed me so well that now I am quite well and am teaching
It would be presumptuous in me, who did not know
every day. Our little girl, Mercy, is well too, and is very
General Armstrong, to speak about him to you who did
bright and smart in school. She is in her fifth year now.
know him. I could only speak of him as the world at large
You know we used to live on the White River. but
can-as of one of whom I had heard great and no-
the Indians all moved away last fall. so we have had to
ble things. as of the man whose name is known wherev-
move too to their new place here. We lived before in a
er devotion and the heroic performance of duty are held
house with two rooms in it, and a little chapel near by
in grateful memory, but not as of one whom I had been
where we had services and day school too. We went
privileged to know personally.
back to Santee last summer in August to spend one month
I think the best way to present General Armstrong
and came to Rosebud the last part of September, but as
to you to-day, will be by doing what I may suppose Gen-
we could not go back to our place at White River we
eral Armstrong himself would have done-by speaking
had to work just as hard as we could to make a new
to you simply and frankly about things I know some-
home for ourselves and to get our work in line again.
thing of. General Armstrong knew a great deal about an
We have had to build the house where we are now.
astonishing number of things, of which he spoke out in
It is called the the Redfish's camp. First we lived in a
characteristic fashion. He seldom spoke of anything he
wall tent, without any stove for a week or two. Then
did not directly know: he spoke always of what he had
we had to bring this log house clear away from White
seen, whether with the eyes of his body or the eyes of his
River, nearly twenty miles north. We took two teams
spirit. It behooves any one, therefore, who would honor
beside our own and I drove one of them. We had to
him in speaking in this place to this audience, to speak
make two trips to haul all the logs, beside our cooking
only offsuch things as he has seen or experienced for
stove, table, and chairs, bedsteads. and other furniture.
himself. Therefore, I am going to speak, not of a man
Then we put the stove in the tent and Lot began to build
but of a theme: a theme commonplace enough in a way,
the log house. Just before he was to finish a blizzard or a
but a theme that is difficult and complex; a theme that
very heavy snow storm came, and I thought we were going
it behooves every man to think about again and again. I
to freeze, but we didn't, you see. After we got into our
am going to speak to you about Liberty: because liber-
new house we began with our work again. We have
service every Sunday morning, then Sunday School and
ty is a thing most dear to us, but a thing we are sadly
ignorant how to use; a thing we talk much about but, it
prayer meeting in the evening, We have school every
is to be feared. very imperfectly understand.
day and a Women's Sewing Society that meets every
Wednesday.
It is not permitted a layman to preach a sermon, but
I have nine scholars; I have four big girls, a boy, and
the Bible is full of texts that would fit this afternoon's
four little ones just the same age as my little Mercy. I
subject You know that in one place we are told that Je-
ch in both English and Indian. Some of them do not
sus said; "Ye shall know the truth. and the truth shall
OW how to read in Indian so I teach them. I teach
make you free," and that later, Paul. in his letter to the
geography, reading, spelling, writing, and arithmetic. I
Galatians, said Stand fast, therefore, in the liberty
can not get enough reading books for all of them. Ev-
wherewith Christ has made you free: and be not entang-
erything out here is scarce and hard to buy and I can
led again with the yoke of bondage." You will see at
not get cheap or easy reading books. I have only two
the outset that there is something of a practical contra-
of the Appleton's Third Reader; those two books we
diction in the meaning of these texts. We indeed know,
could not get along without.
in a measure, the blessedness of the freedom that comes
This last Christmas day we could not get any thing
from knowing the truth" that Christ came into the
out here cheap enough so we had to get along just on
world to show us; and yet we know also as Paul did,
what came to us. We set upa cedar tree for a Christ-
that the liberty wherewith Christ has made us free is
mas tree. We gave the children toys, dolls. candies, and
expressed in a life of service Our Christian liberty is
pop-corn. That night the little chapel was full of men,
expressed in a life of obedience to the Captain of our Sal-
women, and children and we had a service in the even-
vation and is obedience your ordinary conception of
ing. Then we distributed the things from the tree to
liberty? Does the man in the ranks think the order of
the children, and about midnight we gave four big pails
his general a sign of his liberty? And yet does not his
of coffee and a box full of crackers, and bread and baked
freedom in fact consist in the fact that he knows how to
beans to all; they all seemed to enjoy the feast.
obey orders? That makes him part of the army. Do
You know this is a little missionary day-school and
you yourselves think of a life of service as consistent
has no help from the Government. I am just back from
with freedom? And yet service is efficiency, and effi-
Sewing Society and it is a stormy, cold day. It is windy.
ciency is freedom,
and snowing too.
We see a man working with a tool-a man without
Write to me soon and tell me some Hampton news
skill in its use. The tool slips and cuts his finger. Was
and of the friends there, I am so anxious to hear from
he not enslaved to the tool by his own lack of knowl-
you."
edge, or skill in the mastery of the tool? Learn to use
your tools well and you are free.
I am free, as men say, to go to the top of yonder
LIBERTY.
tower and throw myself to the ground. But after I am
down -what? Am T then free? Does not nature say to
Address delivered on Founder's Day, by
me in the hot language of the injury I have sustained.
Prof. Woodrow И ilson.
You fool, not to know that to throw yourself down
It ought to hearten a man to come and stand in this
there would be destruction. Learn my laws and you
place. It ought to hearten him to return to his native
shall be free: free from physical pain, free from damage,
state to see such an institution as this. I cannot help
free to use as you will the forces of my power." It is
feeling, asa Virginian, that Virginia is honored in having
my knowledge of the laws of health that, keeps me fic m
Hampton planted on her soil. I cannot help feeling that
disease. It is my knowledge of the laws of society that
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
March, 1897.
makes me a free man in society;-those laws which say to
Such thoughts put us in the way of understanding
a man" You are put upon your honor; obey and you are
the liberty of races and peoples. Many have speculated
free, obey not and you must stand without, an outcast,
about liberty. few have understood or possessed it. What
or a prisoner.
is the liberty of society? The subjection of men to the
We go out on the water in a boat. when she skims
right laws of society, and their adjustment one to anoth.
before the wind. we say She sails free." When she is
er in the life of communities.
thrown up into the wind and we see her canvas shiver,
The freedom of a machine comes from the perfect
we say She is in irons." What do we mean? We mean
adjustment of all its parts. When it runs asif there was
that when the boat defies the wind, the wind takes her
no restraint it does so because restraint is in fact perfected
prisoner; when she goes with the wind, the wind sets her
by adjustment. If it were not so. if each part was allow-
free. We mean that her freedom lies in her cooperation
ed to work independently of all the rest, would the ma-
with the forces of nature, in her obedience.
chine, be free? There would be no machine, it would
We say a skein of thread is free when it is disentan-
ny to pieces and every part would suffer its separate de-
gied, and every thread is set in perfect order. We say
struction.
we are free. when (and this is what makes the real dif-
So the strength of society consists in the perfect and
ference between man and beast) the spirit is at the helm
easy adjustment of each man to his fellows. The search af-
and we have the perfect use and control of all our facul-
ter freedom, is a search after the best adjustment. 1
ties. If the steersman knows not the course, the "essel
do not say adjustment simply, for some adjustments -
shall be thrown upon the shore, however anxious he may
adjustments.-cause friction, and men begin to find they
be to guide her safe to port. It is the spirit's knowledge
are not free. There is now a constant friction be-
as well as intention that sets a man free. It is free
tween Labor and Capital for example, so that it is said
when it has found its adjustment to the forces about it.
that Capital runs free and without friction, but Labor
Most men read books for this purpose. Judging
does not," This friction becomes so great now and again
from my own experience, I feel that it is not normal for
that we fear conflagration, if the sparks should fall any-
the natural, carnal man to sit down and read a book; it
where into combustible matter.
is only an incentive for broader living that leads
We can hardly say that the laborer is in slavery. be-
him to do it. I read books of adventure because I
cause there is a specific legal meaning attached to that
am exceedingly fond of active, out of-door, life of which
word. Yet it is true that the laborer hasnot full liberty;
I cannot get all that I would get. and which I would rath-
we have not yet rightly adjusted him to the other parts
er have by proxy than not all I read to liberate myself
of our social machinery, so that his associations with
from my limited surroundings. I read books of science,
Capital may always be harmonious.
because I want my mind to be set free from misconcep-
Look the world over, and you shall find find that ev-
tions to which I have been in bondage. I enlarge my
erywhere men are striving for this particular thing-the
life by annexing the territory other men have discovered:
adjustment ot privilege and power; in order, that while
patch out my thought by adding theirs: make myself
every man shall have privilege and some men power,
free to wander at large and with knowledge in the world
power shall not crowd or kill privilege.
of men and nature. We study and read in foreign lan-
We have what is called a constitutional government.
guages that we may become familiar with the thoughts
There never has been a government of course, that did
and customs of other lands, and in some measure become
not have a constitution. Some constitutions have been
citizens of the world.
written down. some have not been written, but every
You should follow Emerson's advice. to Hitch your
government that has ever existed has had a constitution
wagon to a star." But you say, what did he mean by
-a way of doing things. By a constitutional" govern-
that? He only meant, go the way all the forces of na-
ment we do not mean simply a govenme t with a consti-
ture are going and you will feel the pull of the universe.
tution. What de we mean? We mean a government in
You shall then be free indeed.
which there is a constitution of liberty.
It is said of us Americans that we are immoderately
England has the oldest written constitution of liber-
vain of our continent, and we are laughed at for always
ty,-none other than the Charter itself. When, for ex-
boasting of its size: just as it is said of our English
ample thegreat document says in the 29th Article. No
brother that
freeman shall be taken. or imprisoned, or disseised, or
outlawed. or banished or any way distroyed; not will
In spite of all temptations
we pass upon him. nor will we set upon him. unless by
To belong to other nations.
the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the
He remains an Englishman
land," it is giving a definition of liberty. a statement of
And its greatly to his credit
the way Englishmen shall be treated,-a definition of
their relations with the government Did this curtail
As if he had anything to do.with his being an English-
King John's lawful power? Not a bit. But it did change
man, or we could have made this continent small and snug
his attitude and method of rule. When England's bar-
instead of huge. if we had wished. But is there anything
ons met King John and parleyed and made terms with
so ridiculous about it after all? It cannot but be said
him at Runnymede they said in effect: Come not be-
that it is a credit to have subdued so much of this conti-
yond this covenanted line, and we will kneel at your
nent to our own use; a puny race could not have done
feet: overstep it, and we meet you with swords." This
that. We matched ourselves with the size of the conti-
is adjustment between power and privilege, and such
nent: we have used it and have not let anybody else use
should it be when power of necessity is lodged in a few
or share its immense domain. Power comes "with real
persons.
possession. A man possesses. not that which he stands
No government can get along without a constitution
upon. but that which he uses. A man may have a great
of liberty. written or implied: and notice that a constitu-
deal of money and may surround himself with books,
tion of liberty is expressed in negative and not positive
but if he has no education and cannot read the books
terms. We might think that Belgium's constitution dif-
they are none of his. I might line the walls of my room
fered from this, because Belgium does say "There shall be
with books: but, if I do not use them. I might as well
liberty of the press. Very well, what is meant by that Is
have walls of plaster. It would be cheaper; and, if I
she going to admit absolute freedom of the press? No.
knew about plaster and did not know about books, it
society cannot permit that. You have got to have the
would be more fitting.
liberty of the press defined. You have got to have def-
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
53
lite laws of libel and sedition. English law says. not
John Stuart Mill complains because the world is not
that you can say what please, but that you can say or
more hospitable to new ideas: that men will not soon
print anything that twelve of your fellow countrymen
tolerate any thing that is brought forward in opposition
impanelled in a jury, shall say is not outrageous. If you
to the common faith
He deplores this
want to pay your price. you can say anything you please,
state of affairs, shall we deplore it ?
but you must pay for it. The average jury respects and
I remember a legend about a man who dreamed
serves public opinion.
that he went into a great hall in a cavern under the
Our Bill of Rights is our Constitution, and in the first
earth. On a dais at the head of the hall there lay a
clause of the 14th Amendment it says, that no man shall
horn and a sword. Arranged around the room were
be deprived of life, liberty: or property, without due
knights in armor. standing beside their horses ready
process of law." Can I not be deprived of my life by my
too for battle, but all cast into some mysterious sleep.
country? Yes: by any due process of law. If I do some-
Suddenly a voice said to him Choose between the
thing for which the state has affixed the penalty of death.
horn and the sword and wake these men." He raised
can it not demand that my life shall pay the forfeit? If
the horn and blew a lusty blast upon it. Instantly the
the government is at war and needs every man in her
cavern. men, and horses vanished; and again he heard
service, cannot she draft me for her service; must I not
the voice cry, meekingly now:
go even if it be unto death There is not a drop of blood
Cursed be the fool that ever he was born.
in my body that is not at the disposal of the government,
Who did not take the sword before he took the horn."
or the community in which I live:-but I must be treated
as every other man is under the same circumstances.
And so today. some men think they can rouse the
The picking out of a man because of personal dislike, or
world by blowing the horn rather than by using the
ill-will is despotism. Liberty consists in adjustments
sword. But you must first take your swords, and do
that are equal.
your fighting, and that before you and not behind.
I do not want to see the world like Athens, running
Cannot the government take my property? Do we
about after every new thing. The ship must have bal-
not know that our property can be taxed out of our
last as well as sails, or else suffer shipwreck. I do not
possession by our government if need be ? We insist
want new ideas coming into the world that are not worth
only that every man's property shall be treated just as
every other man's property is. The law must be imper-
fighting for. I don't want to be led by a poltroon. Many
a man is willing to speak about a new idea quietly in a
sonal, impartial. It must say that every man who does such
and such things must suffer the penalty. Our liberty
parlor who would not fight for it in public. The man
for us to follow is the man who is willing to fight for
consists, not in the fact that we are unmolested, but in
his ideas.
the circumstance that we are not exasperated. If a man
Is not this the lesson of the life of Armstrong? Did
breaks a law of the government under which he lives.
he expect every heart to beat in unison with his? Did
he is not exasperated if he is arrested and put in prison.
he not meet contradiction. opposition. discouragement.
It may disgrace him: it may break his heart; but he does
in making visible to the world the idea that possessed
not feel angry at the government. He knows that he
him
has brought the shame on himself. But if we had such
But are you sorry-forfArmstrong because he didn't
a state of things that we would never know for what rea-
have an easy time Can any body here find it in his
n we might be picked out and cast into prison. then
heart to pity him Do you pity the forces of nature be-
e heart would rebel. We would say this was not a
cause of their hard work. Do you pity the sun because
crime until I did it; we might die. but we would not
it cannot get out of its ecliptic ? It must be burning
feel that we were disgraced.
work for the sun to keep on sending its rays down on
Think of the time of the French Revolution in France.
our earth, but you don't dream of pitying it. The man
The people who could best afford to pay the taxes were
who want things easy, and expects have his ideals reali-
exempt by the laws of the land from paying them. but
zed without a struggle, might as well have been left out
the poor people were taxed beyond all measure. One
of the world. The man I pity is the man who has no
class was put as a weight upon another class that did not
disposition to struggle. Without earnestness and mind
have the same chance of development or life. There was
to struggle we lose the prize, and what one man loses
on adjustment here: no equal place of equity for all who
another man gains. Conquest is the crown of his liberty.
were governed.
The only nobility is the nobility of achievement. Never
Do not some of the characteristics of liberty begin
a man met with success without sweat of the brow or
to show themselves in such examples? In a community
spirit. Never a man achieved anything without a per
where all men are not equal under the law, there is no
fect knowledge of what he wanted to achieve.
liberty. There must be a right adjustment of individ-
uals to one another, of classes to one another. and of the
Slight those who say, amidst their sickly health.
Thou livest by rule. What doth not so but man?
government to all. But this adjustment is infinitely
Houses are built by rule and commonweaths.
difficult to make, and must be made anew from age to
Entice the trusty sun if that you can,
age. No man ought to be impatient to see it speedily
effected. It must come from day to day. Any man
From his ecliptic line. beckon the sky.
Who lives by rule. then, keep good company.-
who expects to bring the millenium by a sudden and vio-
lent effort at reform, is fit for the lunatic asylum. No
man in his senses believes that these things can be done
in a night. It takes infinite patience to learn a trade.
or to read a book: it takes an infinite deal of patience
THE NEED OF SKILL ED FARMERS AMONG THE
to solve a simple problem, and this is not a simple pro-
COLORED PEOPLE.
blem. It exercises the minds of all men, because it in-
cludes the welfare of all men.
J. A. LEMON, CALHOUN, ALA.
I have no patience with those who are offering a
panacea that shall do away with all the misfortures,
There is nothing to be made at home" -a farmer's
sickness, sin,--a pillto stopan earthquake, -but am will
son in the Black Belt of Alabama, said to me one day last
ing to do my share, however infinitesimal, in bringing
spring, "I am plum tired of the way that I have to
about this perfect adjustment.
work and am going where I can make something. I
The Southern Workman
VOL. XXXVIII
DECEMBER, 1909
NO. 12
The death of Lieutenant-General Oliver Otis Howard,
General
O. O. Howard
U. S. A., almost the last survivor of the regular army
generals who commanded Union armies in the Civil
War, has revived the records of his brilliant military career during
and since that national crisis, his unique service as Commissioner
of the Freedmen's Bureau from 1865 to 1870, and his life-long religious
faith and zeal.
Soldier, philanthropist, and Christian, the threefold record is,
after all, but one. He was a Christian soldier, a militant Christian.
He fought the battles of the Union for the love of God and country,
and then, selected by Abraham Lincoln for a command requiring no
less inspiration, courage, and strategic ability, he risked his laurels as
he had given his good right arm, that all might rise, the rich and the
poor together, into the liberty of intelligence, the glory of the united
Republic's manifest destiny.
Through the educational part of the Bureau's work, building more
than a hundred schoolhouses, establishing or aiding to start large
permanent institutions for the ex-slaves, more than a million of the
freedmen's children have been trained for usefulness, and millions
more will be, to the benefit not of one race alone but of the whole
nation.
To General Howard, Hampton Institute, the earliest of these
institutions, owes, first of all and inclusive of all, its founder, General
Armstrong, who at the close of the war asking whether his country
still had need of him, was in 1866 put in charge of Freedmen's Bureau
affairs in Tidewater Virginia, with headquarters at Hampton. When
two years later he persuaded the American Missionary Association to
buy land and supply for'a time running expenses for a new experiment
in practical education, it was to his friend and chief, General Howard,
that General Armstrong turned for help to secure the necessary build-
ings. General Howard responded by turning over the hospital barracks
of Camp Hamilton to the school's use and by successive appropria-
tions-in all over $58,000-from the Bureau's construction fund.
When the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute was incor-
porated by the State of Virginia in 1870, General Howard, with General
Garfield, became a member of its first board of trustees.
In 1881, on the school's thirteenth anniversary, General Howard
dedicated the new Academic Hall, which had risen from the ashes of
the original one, which he helped to build. A dramatic incident of
that day was the affectionate, unexpected meeting of General Howard
and the Pima Indian student, Antonito, who had been his helpful
HAMPTON'S RELATION TO RACE PROBLEMS
An address delivered in the Hampton Institute gymnasium on
Saturday, November twentieth, nineteen hundred nine by William
Howard Taft, President of the United States.
I have had to do, during the last sixty days, a good deal of
speaking without preparation, and it was my habit to gather the ideas
of those who had preceded me and mix them up and use them to the
best advantage. But the trouble about this afternoon has been that
I have been so intensely interested in everything that I have heard
that I have not had any time to mix them up, or give them in any
different form from that beautiful one in which they have been pre-
sented.
I am very proud that I had the honor to be elected a member of
the board of trustees of this institution, and I am proud because I have
been thought worthy. I am glad because I know that I cannot come
into contact with men like Dr. Frissell, Mr. Ogden, Bishop McVickar,
George Foster Peabody and others who for the joy of service have
developed this institution, without absorbing some of those virtues
which have guided their efforts in building up this wonderful work.
Now in the first place, I could not help thinking as I heard Dr. Eliot say
what I hoped was true, and what I have ventured to say before, and
what I now know is true because he said it of the reform in education
here, of another great reform that had come to the English people in a
similar way. The depraved condition of the Civil Service in the
English Government reçeived its remedy and became better, and
such a model service as it is now, through the lessons that were learned
by the English statesmen from the Indian Civil Service, and so it is
here.
We had been struggling along for several hundred years with our
system of education. There was presented to General Armstrong,
the founder of this institution, the question of what we should do for
the Negro and the Indian races in their almost helpless conditions as
we found them after the war. The necessity for helping their condi-
tion led him to undertake this system of education, that of manual
dexterity, united with the teaching of life as it was to be. It has now
developed not alone for Negroes and Indians, but for the white
people throughout the land. I have always thought that, and when
the foremost educator of the land says so, I am going to assert it.
The second thought, and in certain aspects the most important
phase of this system which General Armstrong founded and which
Dr. Frissell has continued with such success is the fact that right here
in Hampton, in Little Scotland," we have seen worked out what
I regard as the solution of what we call the race question in this
country. I do not mean that it is settled and I do not mean that the
problem is solved, because problems like that are not solved in a
decade. It takes a number of decades. But when you take the speech
650
Southern Workman
of former Governor Montague on the one side, and the speech of
Major Moton on the other, and put together and give effect to the
spirit that actuated both, you have the solution of the race question.
Major Moton was sure that he wouldn't make a good Indian or a good
white man. Well, I don't know about that but I am sure that he
makes a pretty good Scotchman, if one can judge by the way he leads
his chorus in Scotch airs. If ever those beautiful airs were rendered
with finer harmony, and better understanding of their meaning, and
sweeter tones, than were rendered here this afternoon, I have never
heard them ; perhaps they are in Scotland. (Mr. Carnegie: No, no !)
I am not going to detain you long. I am glad to be here to testify
my deep personal interest in this institution, my deep respect for those
who have brought it to what it is, my recognition of it as a national
institution, the wisdom of the suggestion of Dr. Eliot that there ought
to be schools all over this country patterned after it, and while I hold,
temporarily, the presidency of the United States, I am glad to use
that office, so far as I can by representation, to testify to the interest
of the American people in the problem which is being worked out
here.
TAFT DAY AT HAMPTON
WILLIAM A. AERY
A
little after eight-thirty on Saturday morning, November 20, 1909,
Dr. Frissell, Dr. Roland Cotton Smith of Washington, D. C.,
Dr. William J. Schieffelin, Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., and Mr. William
H. Scoville, left the Long Wharf and proceeded to the President's
yacht "Mayflower," which was moored off Old Point, in a gaso-
line launch called the " Lady Gay." After remaining on board the
Mayflower' for about fifteen minutes, Dr. Frissell and his party
started back again for Hampton with President William Howard Taft,
Captain A. W. Butt, Assistant Secretary Mischler, Messrs. Wheeland
and Sloane of the Secret Service, and an official messenger.
The school band, under the able leadership of Mr. William M. O.
Tessmann, was ready to receive the President on his arrival at the
school wharf. Hail to the Chief' was played with spirit and
good tone as Dr. Frissell escorted Mr. Taft to the lawn in front of the
Mansion House, where the Hampton trustees had assembled to meet
their distinguished co-worker. For ten minutes an informal reception
was given to the chief magistrate of the land by the trustees, the
school officials. and the prominent visitors, who had gladly come
together to see and meet the President of the United States, as well as
get a better idea of the working of the many parts of the busy,
industrial village at Hampton, where Negro and Indian youth are
given an opportunity of learning how to become good and efficient
citizens.
Taft Day at Hampton
651
Mr. Taft was next afforded the pleasure of seeing the Hampton
students at work in the Armstrong-Slater Memorial Trade School
and on the farm. The school was thrown open to his inspection.
Mr. Taft's enthusiastic and simple message delivered during the
afternoon exercises, which were held in the school gymnasium, showed
that he thoroughly approved of Hampton's method of educating
Negro and Indian youth for efficient citizenship.
At the trustees' meeting Mr. Taft had the privilege of meeting
in a close and intimate way the men of the land who are doing
splendid work every day of the year to bring about a better race
feeling and relations throughout the whole country. Mr. Taft, who
was elected to the Hampton board of trustees last May, met for the
first time the men who have done so much to make not only
Hampton a success but all schools-white, black, and red-the means
of producing able-bodied, mentally alert, and spiritually sound citizens,
capable of living pure, honest, industrial lives.
Mr. Clarence H. Kelsey, president of the Title Guarantee and
Trust Company of New York, was elected a member of the Hampton
board of trustees. This action of the trustees was publicly announced
by Dr. Frissell during the public exercises of the afternoon.
The President's luncheon was served to a party of seventy-five
school guests in the recreation room of the Mansion House. About
two o'clock President Taft appeared on the Mansion House porch.
The Hampton officers, teachers, and workers with their families,
formed in single file and were presented to Mr. Taft by Captain
A. W. Butt.
Meanwhile great crowds had gathered along the guard lines, which
had been established early on Saturday morning, and were clamoring
for admittance. After the speakers, guests, Hampton workers, and
students had taken their seats the gymnasium was thrown open to the
public. Shortly after half past two o'clock the public exercises were
opened with the singing of plantation songs by the large student
chorus under the direction of Major Robert R. Moton. Dr. Herbert
B. Turner, the school chaplain, led the students in the repeating of
the Twenty-third Psalm. Then Dr. William F. Slocum, president of
Colorado College, offered prayer.
Dr. Frissell announced that on account of the critical illness of his
wife Mr. Robert C. Ogden, president of the Hampton board of trus-
tees, had been called back to New York and would be unable to deliver
the address of welcome. He then called upon the Rev. William
N. McVickar, bishop of Rhode Island, and a vice president of the
Hampton board of trustees, to deliver some words of welcome to
President Taft and the distinguished visitors. Dr. McVickar referred
to Mr. Taft as a man interested in Hampton not only from the outside
but as one of its governors.
652
Southern Workman
Dr. Frissell then asked former governor A. J. Montague, of
Richmond, Va., to say a few words. He responded as follows
Mr. Ogden is one of the great men of the American republic
and after he is gone we shall understand fully the proportion of his
worth and greatness.
May I say a word of cheer and encouragement to the colored
people of Virginia, especially of this school, a word of hope, if you
please.
A race that can advance one step can advance two steps.
A race that can climb one hill can climb another. Do not count the
hills as a disadvantage. Life consists in the removing and overcom-
ing of obstacles to make it worth living. No race can rise or go
toward or even stand upon the misfortunes of another race. The
colored race and the white race must both suffer in the joint cause.
We must also fight together against the worst elements amongst us.
Therefore the Southern people, it seems to me, must find more and
more that the best hope of the white man is to do the best he can for
the colored man, and that we can live more advantageously as we
make the Negro a better man to live with."
Dr. Frissell asked five Hampton graduates-Mr. W. T. B. Will-
iams, '88, Mrs. Harris Barrett, '84, Mr. J. B. Pierce, '02, Miss Lena
Ludwick, 'o8, and Major R. R. Moton, '90,to tell something of the
work in which they had engaged since leaving the school.
Mr. Williams said that General Armstrong had laid down a plan
of education which was designed to uplift the masses. He then out-
lined Hampton's school-extension and emphasized the important influ-
ence of Hampton in the founding of the Penn School on the Island
of St. Helena, Frogmore, S. C., the Calhoun Colored School, Lowndes
County, Ala., Miss Georgia Washington's school at Mount Meigs,
Ala., and Tuskegee Institute. Mr. Williams referred to Hampton's
community work and to the school's activity under the leadership of
Mr. William S. Dodd, who is in charge of the business course, in the
interests of Negro insurance and benevolent societies. Mr. Williams
declared that 175 Negro beneficiary organizations were known to the
Hampton authorities. The membership of these 175 organizations he
said numbered 3,000,000, had an annual income of $4,000,000, and were
responsible for outstanding contracts amounting to over $ 100,000,000.
Mrs. Barrett, whose excellent social settlement work among
Negroes in Hampton, Va., is well known to many friends of Hampton,
spoke on the work of the Virginia Federation of Negro Women's
Clubs and its relation to the ideas of individual and group efficiency
and purity for which Hampton has been so constantly working.
Mrs. Barrett pointed out that Negro women were learning how to
co-operate effectively for the improvement of the home and the foster-
ing of those elements which tend to produce pure and capable men
and women.
Taft Day at Hampton
653
Mr. Pierce, who was graduated in 1902 from the Hampton agri-
cultural department and is now working in three counties of Virginia,
under the direction of Dr. Seaman A. Knapp, special agent in charge
of Farmers' Co-operative Demonstration Work, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, told in a simple and graphic style the story of the
progress which is being made by those Negro farmers who have had
the opportunity of learning how to apply scientific principles of soil
cultivation to the growing of corn.
He showed clearly that the return in money, in home comforts,
and in all-round improvement has been out of all proportion to the
added cost and care of farming. He touched on the great problem of
conservation, when he declared that a considerable part of his own
work consisted in showing people how to save what under ordinary
circumstances would be wasted.
Lena Ludwick, an Oneida Indian girl from Wisconsin, told of the
need among her people of strong leaders-men and women who yould
prove themselves fitting examples of the gospel of service. She
naively referred to the Government's appropriation of forty-four cents
per capita, once a year, in recognition of the splendid services rendered
by her people during the Revolutionary War. She also emphasized
the need of protecting the weak and ignorant from the evils of the
liquor traffic.
Major Moton spoke with rare force on the relation of Hampton
to the work of improving the conditions of the Negroes and Indians.
He said that he was very happy to know that Hampton had found a
platform upon which all men can stand and do good work for the
promotion of better race relations. Major Moton declared his faith in
the value of Hampton's training of the Negroes to respect themselves
and the best things in Negro life. Among other things Major Moton
said : " Ever since the black man set foot on the shores of this country
he has been a problem. I sympathize with the white people that they
have this problem on their hands, but, my friends, I am very glad we
are here, and I'm going to do all in my power to keep all our people
here.
" We have imbibed many of the traits and imbitions of the Anglo-
Saxon race, and I believe that the American Negro is five hundred
years ahead of any body of ten millions of black men to be found any-
where in the world. I have never found my color a disadvtntage. It
has been an inconvenience at times, but never a disadvantage.
Governor Claude A. Swanson's telegram was then read by Dr.
Frissell. The governor of Virginia said he regretted exceedingly that
a previous and imperative engagement prevented him from coming to
Hampton to welcome the President of the United States and bear
testimony to the splendid work which Hampton in doing.
654
Southern Workman
During the public exercises the large student chorus sang with
spirit and rich tone some of the well-known Negro plantation melodies,
including Want to go to heaven when I die," Couldn't hear
nobody pray,' Who'll join that union?" Daniel saw de stone,"
and There'll be a great meeting in the promised land." The
students also sang some familiar Scotch songs-" Annie Laurie,"
" Loch Lomond," and Bonnie Charlie is now awa'."
Mr. Andrew Carnegie, who had come South on Friday, Novem-
ber 19, to take part in the President Day" celebration at Norfolk,
arrived at Hampton at noon on Saturday, with Sir Horace Plunkett
and Dr. Charles W. Eliot, in time to see the students pass in review
before President Taft.
Mr. Carnegie spoke in part as follows How is it that whenever
some great work is to be accomplished, the man, the fitting agent,
appears to do it. Men never congregate to do any good, or to advance
any good cause, not for themselves but for others, but a consolidating
force is developed and they become a band of brothers, happier in the
work for others than they ever were when working for themselves.
But take men gathered together for any evil or nefarious purpose, say
for cheating others, and the fates take a sweeping revenge. They
take to cheating each other and the conspiracy is a failure. Hence
comes ultimately the preservation of that which is good and the failure
.
of that which is evil.
The most welcome words I have heard to-day came from ex-
Governor Montague of Virginia, and he told you the truth, which was
to the effect that it was impossible for the white race to be happy and
the black race unhappy, and equally impossible for the black race to be
happy, while the white race was unhappy. We are all in the same boat,
and it is through co-operation, one with another, under the wise guid-
ance of the white men who are laboring for the benefit of the blacks,
that we shall succeed in obliterating as completely the lines between
the white and black as we have between the Blue and the Gray.
That day is not so far distant as you might think. I do not mean
that the blacks will not remain black, or the whites will not remain
white, but I do mean that they will live together, each wishing the
prosperity of the other, because there can be no common prosperity
for our country until they go hand in hand and march forward, North
and South."
Dr. Charles W. Eliot, president emeritus of Harvard, emphasized
in his address the uplifting value of steady, productive labor. He
urged the Hampton students to make their education continuous.
Do not think of education," he said, "as though it were con-
fined to the period of childhood and youth. Education should be, and
among civilized people it is, continuous, lasting through life; and the
most precious part of your education you will receive after you leave
Hampton Institute, out in the world, in contact and competition with
Hampton Institute Calendar, 1910
655
your fellow-beings, in the trades you follow, the industries you engage
in, and in your home life. That is continuous education. Go on
with it; never stop; improve all your lives; never despair; learn
something new every day and apply it in your daily work grow more
industrious, frugal, and persistent. Work not three days a week, but
five and a half days a week, every week."
Dr. Eliot then declared that at Hampton boys and girls have the
opportunity of learning the elements of hygiene, which is a much
neglected subject in American schools and colleges. He urged the
Hampton students to spread among their peoples the hygienic princi-
ples which they have learned and which are so important for the
reduction of the death rate among Negroes and Indians.
Dr. Eliot closed his address with these stirring words In the
interest of both the white people and the colored people, every South-
ern state ought to have an institution like Hampton. I wish they
might be promptly created, either by the National Government acting
through the states, or by private benevolence, or by the two agencies
combined; and when they have been created, I wish they might all be
called the Armstrong Institutes. Armstrong was a genuine prophet
and apostle of sound educational and social progress. He had not
only a strong arm, but also a clear head, and a brave and tender heart.
His countrymen ought to build him monuments which will commend
his character and career to coming generations."
Dr. Frissell, in introducing President Taft, referred to the chief
magistrate of the land as a man who stood for the principle of giving
everybody, everywhere, a fair chance. When Mr. Taft stepped for-
ward to speak, the great audience rose as one man and amid the
waving of arms and handkerchiefs a loud applause was sounded.
Everybody listened intently to Mr. Taft's simple words expressing his
appreciation of the work which Hampton is doing for the American
people. At the close of his brief address there came another hearty
greeting from the audience.
NOTE
The addresses of Dr. Eliot, Mr. Carnegie, Dr. Robertson, and
others will be printed in the January SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
HAMPTON INSTITUTE CALENDAR, 1910
The Hampton Institute Camera Club has issued an attractive and
useful calendar for 1910, which is seven by ten inches in size, and is
printed in brown ink on heavy, cream-colored paper, with a substantial
dark-brown cover containing a good-sized, detachable, medallion print
of General Armstrong.
The calendar aims to present an all round view of life at Hampton.
On the first sheet appears the pictures of Dr. Robert C. Ogden, presi-
dent of Hampton's board of trustees and Dr. Frissell.
Then follow these pictures Dr. Frissell's home (the Mansion
House), President Roosevelt addressing Hampton students, Wigwam
and the boys' hospital, Mr. Briggs, Virginia and Cleveland Halls,
Memorial Church, Whittier Training School, students marching to
the dining-room, on Anniversary Day, Major Moton, Huntington
THE SOUTHERN
W
ORKMAN
Vol. (Theodore) XXXV
July, 1906
No. 7
The visit of President Roosevelt to the Hampton
President Roosevelt's
Visit
School was full of interest and help. No man could
have expressed more sympathy with the school's ob-
jects or more approved of its methods than he did. That in his busy
life he should have taken the time to visit an institution for the educa-
tion of Indian and Negro youth means much both to students and
teachers and officers. At his request none but the school's family was
allowed to be present. His words were more direct and sympathetic
than would have been the case had he spoken to a more mixed audi-
ence. He commenced by saying that no decent American citizen in
or out of office could fail to be interested in the work of the Hampton
School. He expressed his strong feeling that the education of the
black man is of vital importance to the white men among whom he
lives. He scouted the idea that proper education results in crime, and
spoke of the sort of education that has to do merely with books, as
"twisted." He laid emphasis upon the training of the hand and de-
clared that no education is properly so called that does not help a man
to do his work in the world. He expressed a warm interest in agri-
cultural education and stated his belief that the future of the Ameri-
can people depends upon the ability of the nation to keep the best ele-
ments of its population on the land. He voiced his appreciation of
the work the school is doing in character building and home making.
No speaker has more clearly set forth Hampton's aims and methods
than he. His address, which appears in full in the present issue of
the SOUTHERN WORKMAN, will be published as a campaign document
and scattered broadcast over the land. No Hampton student will for-
get his words or his visit. His vigorous movements about the grounds,
and his cordial sympathy, evinced in every word and action, made a
deep impression.
It is interesting to recall the relations of some of the
Other Presidents
and Hampton
nation's presidents to Hampton's work. President
Garfield was a Williams College man, a friend of Gen-
eral Armstrong, and one of the school's trustees. His last public ad-
372
Southern Workman
dress was delivered in the chapel built by the soldiers in the National
Cemetery where the school worshipped for many years. Speaking to
the Indians, he said, You come from a people who have been
taught to destroy-to fight but not to labor. Therefore the first text
in your civilization is : Labor must be. To the Negroes he added,
" You of the African race have learned this text but you learned it
under the lash. Slavery taught you that labor must be. The mighty
voice of the war spoke out to you and to us all : Labor must be free."
The relation of President Hayes to Hampton Institute was most inti-
mate and friendly. He was especially interested in the Indians who
came to Hampton and at least twice during his term of office, in com-
pany with General Schurz, then Secretary of the Interior, came to ob-
serve the progress they were making. President Grant visited Hamp-
ton after his retirement from office, and Mr. McKinley before he be-
came President. While the school is a private institution and receives
comparatively little of its support from public sources it has always
worked in cordial sympathy with the state and the general government.
When the help for all other private Indian schools was withdrawn Con-
gress showed its appreciation of what Hampton had done by continu-
ing its small annual appropriation. The system of Indian industrial
schools in the West was modeled on the Hampton plan. The state
has always appropriated to Hampton one-third of the interest on the
Land Scrip Fund of Virginia, received from the general government.
Thus while the school is thoroughly independent it has sustained a
sort of national character, and no president since its founding has
failed to show in some way his appreciation of its work.
Every year the assertion continues to be made that
Does Indian
the returned student-meaning thereby the young In-
Education Pay?
dian returned to the reservation from boarding school
-almost invariably goes back to the blanket, or to whatever manner
of clothing is in vogue among the older Indians of the tribe. Meta-
phorically this means that he goes back to savagery, and that is the
meaning generally conveyed and usually understood by the assertion.
Probably very few people think enough about it to realize that this
assertion may be true literally while it is not at all true metaphorically
in other words, that the returned student may go back to the blanket
without going back to savagery. The casual observer upon the reser-
vation sees the Indian boy come back from school in a neat uniform.
He sees the girl, who went away some years before in a shawl and
moccasins, come back in a dress and hat sufficiently stylish and be-
coming to pass without notice in the city street. In a little while the
boy appears in blue jeans with a red handkerchief around his neck, and
the girl, hatless, corsetless, and beshawled. Perhaps the observer no-
ADDRESS OF
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, Theodore
AT HAMPTON INSTITUTE
FOREWORD
The Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute was founded in 1868, five years
after the proclamation of the emancipation of slaves. The founder, General S. C.
Armstrong, led colored troops during the war and believed firmly in the possibilities
of the Negroes while he realized the dangers to which their ignorance exposed them
and the nation. At a time when industrial education was practically unknown in this
country General Armstrong saw its value in training the masses of the freedmen
suddenly thrown upon their own resources. Such training was most unpopular with the
Negroes themselves who expected to leave behind all the toils of slavery. Notwith-
standing opposition and discouragements and the constant necessity of raising funds,
the institution has grown from its opening with 15 colored students to an average
attendance of 800 young men and women boarders (including about 125 Indians) and 450
colored children who attend the model training school as day students. Trades,
riculture, and domestic science are taught in connection with a thorough course in
grammar school and English high school studies. It is the purpose of the school to
train only those who shall become teachers, leaders of industry, and examples of
Christian living for the less enlightened of their people to follow. Booker Washington
is the most illustrious example of the type of graduate sent out.
The visit of President Roosevelt has meant much to Hampton Institute and to these
Negro and Indian students. No speaker has more clearly set forth Hampton's aims and
methods than he. He has voiced the ideal of education for which the school has been
working since its foundation. The success that has been achieved in the past has been made
possible only through the generosity of men and women who have believed in the
capability of these two races and who have realized that they themselves have an
individual responsibility in helping to make "good citizens" of those who would
otherwise become a menace and a burden to our land. Many have given in the past from
their abundance, and many from their poverty. Some of these good friends have laid
aside their earthly cares and Hampton is poorer for the loss of their support and
sympathy. Others must take their places if the work is to go on.
To all thoughtful men and women and to all loyal Americans North and South, WE
commend these utterances of one of the foremost statesmen of the time.
H. B. Frissell
Principal
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S ADDRESS
Decoration Day, 1906
I can assure you that Hampton cannot have been more anxious to have a visit
from me than I have been to visit Hampton. If there is any work in which every
decent American, in or out of office, must believe, it is the work that you are
doing here.
What I am going to say to you to-day is only to repeat certain homely rules of
life which are so homely and so plain that there ought to be no necessity to
repeat them. But homely truths are the ones that are apt to be forgotten and to
need repetition.
The first one that I will repeat is that a school like this which strives to raise
colored men and colored women (I will have something to say of the Indian men and
women later) -- strives to make of them better men and better women and better
citizens -- such a school is also pre-eminently for the interest of white men and
white women. There is nothing that can be done more to the interest of the white men
and women who live side by side with the colored than to train the colored to be
good citizens. In every community it is for the interest of every man -- and when I
say man I of course mean woman too -- it is for the interest of every man, no matter
what his color, to have every other man, no matter what his color, a good citizen.
The safety of the white man is to have the colored man grow to be a good and
decent man. From the standpoint of the white man the safest thing for him is to have
the colored man become thrifty, industrious, a good home-maker, and a good home-
keeper. Never yet has there been a. formidable quantity of criminals from a people
or a locality where the average type was a good home-maker and home-keeper. So,
from the standpoint of the white man, there is nothing better than to give the
colored man the real training which he gets here and in similar institutions.
-2-
From the standpoint of the colored man, the only real way to help him is to help
him to help himself. In the long run in this world no man can be helped in any other
way. Everyone sometimes stumbles. You can help him up, but you can't help him by
carrying him. He has got to learn to walk himself. What this institution is doing is to
teach just that.
You are going to find things not all smooth as you go out into life. Life is
not all smooth for any of US. For you it is not as smooth as it is for some; but
the only way to make it easier and better for yourself, for your children, and
for your children's children, is to put into practice in your actual life the precepts
you have been taught here. When once, in any given locality, the average colored
man becomes thrifty, law-abiding, and industrious, recognized to be a good,
intelligent worker and a desirable neighbor, you may rest assured that you have
taken the only step that ever can be taken to do away with race antagonism. That
colored man helps his race most who helps teach his people to conduct themselves
with self-respect as law-abiding, intelligent, hard-working citizens.
It is the homely virtues that count in the long run. No race, no nationality,
ever really raises itself by the exhibition of genius in a few; what counts is the
character of the average man and average woman. If you can develop in the average
colored citizen the traits of courage, truthfulness, the sense of obligation in
contracts, willingness to work, the desire to act decently, you have taken the
longest step toward gaining for your race respect -- self-respect and the respect
of others which follows in its train.
In saying this I am not advancing a theory, but I am appealing to invariable
experience in the past, notably to the experience of this very institution of
Hampton. If I remember rightly you have sent out from here something like six
thousand graduates and undergraduates and so few of them have gone hopelessly wrong
-3-
that of all the number only two have been recorded as criminals. That fact. is an
all-sufficient answer to the blind people who say that no good will come from
educating the Negro. So far is this from the truth that it may be said the only hope
for the Negro -- as also for the white man -- is education, if we understand the word
education in its proper sense. Most emphatically I say that education is the
turning out of people who can read, write, and cipher and yet do nothing practical.
Some of the best educated people I know -- using the word with reference to the
work they have to do -- read but little and write not any too well; but they can
do their work right up to the handle. If I were asked, on the other hand, to pick out
the uneducated men of the community, I should include a great many, white as well as
colored, who have learned how to read and write and have thought that that fact
excused them from learning how to earn their own livelihood and become good
citizens. Any education that teaches that reading, writing, and ciphering are
everything is a misfortune to black, white, or red.
You girls, if you don't learn to become good housewives, and, if you marry, to
be good help-meets to your husbands, good mothers to your children, then you are not
well educated, no matter what else you know.
You men, if you learn all that any institution can teach you of books, and yet
are not able to turn your hands to usefulness, to earn your own livelihood, to be
of use to yourselves and to society at large, then you are not well educated, no matter
how many academic prizes you take; and this is as true of white men as of colored.
It is a significant thing that, during the period covered by the life of
Hampton Institute, while we have seen the growth of industrial schools for the
colored people, we have also seen an extraordinary growth in agricultural and
industrial schools for whites. We are beginning -- just beginning -- to realize
as a nation that we can't afford to believe that we can eliminate from education the
-4-
aining of the hand to work with and under the head. It is often said that the true
place for the Negro is in industrial work. Yes, that is true; true of the average
Negro; and no less true of the average white man. And we shall not get our
civilization on a true basis until we root out from the minds of the average man
and the average woman -- of any color -- the idea that to be a poor clerk is better
than to be a first-class handworker, a first-class machinist, or first-class
agricultural laborer.
The wrong twist that has been given to our education in the past is greatly
responsible for the very unhealthy development of our cities at the expense of the
country. Never in the past has any nation been permanently great whose city
population has become abnormal in size as compared with that of the country; for the
people of the farms conserve certain qualities which those who dwell in the great,
swollen cities tend to lose.
If there is one thing I wish to emphasize more than another it is this: to advise
as many of you as can to work upon the farm, and that with the idea and purpose to eventu-
ally own your own farm. Take up agricultural work. In doing this you will be
doing what, more and more, the most intelligent and advanced white people are
growing to recognize as necessary for their own race.
The growth of agricultural colleges has become one of the significant features
of educational work for the white race in nearly every state in the Union, because
more and more it is realized that the trade of the farmer must be developed
scientifically; so that, on the one hand, the profession of agriculture may become
more and more attractive to men of brains, and on the other hand, even more clearly
recognized as the one profession, the failure to develop which would mean that the
development of all the rest of the professions would count but little.
-5-
This great continent of ours can go forward in the long run only if there is
the right kind of population in it. Cities play a great part in it, and as city
people are more able to talk for themselves there is no danger of our forgetting
it; and yet their part is the most important of all.
Now, in closing, just remember these facts:-
First: The trend of civilization is more and more to recognize and put weight
upon the vital part played by the manual worker, but the man who actually works
with his hands, whether in the workshop or on the farm. Things are more and more
going to shape thèmselves so that he shall have full recognition; not that there should
ever be recognition of a laboring man's right to be lazy or envious, but of the right
on his part to the respectful recognition. by everyone of the importance of the work
that he does. It is the work of the man who works with his hands which counts for the
most in the end, provided that the hand work is directed by an intelligent brain.
Instead of striving, as we have so often done in the past, to divide the work of the
brain from the work of the hand, more and more our effort must be to keep the hand-
worker as a hand-worker, but to make him work with his brains too; so that the majority
of our people will naturally turn to hand-work but will do it in conjunction with the
best kind of mental effort.
I want to see the colored man share in the benefits of this movement. He can
do this only by becoming the best, most intelligent kind of hand-worker himself,
and above all by becoming this kind of hand-worker on the farm, working for others
first but ultimately for himself; ultimately owning and tilling his own farm.
Second: The next thing for you to remember is that the greatness of any
nation, the success of any race, must always, in the last analysis, depend upon the
kind of home-life, of family life, to be found in its average family group. If it
has the right type of home life it will be successful; if not, nothing else can avail
-6-
to bring real success. Let every man and woman, every boy and girl here, keep
this in mind; that the true success of your peo; le must come in developing and
raising family life; so that the average husband and the average son shall be of
the best type of respectable, hard-working, intelligent bread-winners; the average
mother and the average daughter be the fitting helpmeets of the men, able to make
the home attractive, and of such character that the race shall be elevated, generation
by generation.
And I am certain that all who admire, as I do, the work of Hampton, will agree
with me that great. as has been its work for the development of the mind, great as
has been its work for the training of the hand in the work of the farm and the shop
and the home, the work that has counted most is the training that Hampton gives to
character. The most important thing of all is character. I mean not only that which
makes you good, but that which makes you strong; which makes you not only careful
not to offend others but possessors of. a rugged strength to better yourselves and
others.
While I have been speaking to the colored people, what I have said applies just as
much to the Indian; and indeed just as much to white people. I don't know any code
of morality, I don't know any words of advice, which can be put advantageously to one
race alone. Character is not a thing that depends upon race characteristics any
more than the ability to perform manual labor. If you are good, you are good,
whatever your color. If you are worthless, you are worthless, whatever your color.
There is one distinction to be made. Remember that while a good man of your race
may help any other race as well as his own, a bad man of your race is infinitely
worse for your race than for any other. A Negro criminal, no matter at whose
expense the particular crime may be committed, is a hundred-fold more dangerous to
the Negro race than he is to the white race; because his criminality tends to arouse
race animosity and the bitter prejudices from which not only he but his whole race
will suffer.
-7-
In the interest of the colored folk, see to it, every colored man here, that
you war against criminality in your own race with peculiar zeal; because, in the
ultimate analysis, it is a greater danger to your own race to any other.
I ask then, you colored people, that you show the same virtues that the
white people must show if they are to be good citizens; to remember that it is good
to have a trained mind, that it is better to have also a trained body to work under
the direction of the trained mind, and that it is better than all to have a good
and strong character.
In the name of the people of the United States I say Godspeed to Hampton,
because it has developed and is developing character, not only to benefit its pupils
of the colored and Indian races but to benefit all the people among whom they go.
I congratulate you upon your work and upon your opportunity here, and I
charge you, not only for the sake of Hampton but for the sake of your country and for
the sake of your own races, to use aright the opportunity that has been given you.
President Garfield's Address in Bethesda
Chapel, Hampton Institute, Sunday, Fune
5. 1581.
"As I drove through these grounds to-
day I was impressed with the thought that I
was between the representatives of the past
and the future.
"Crippled and bent with service and years
those veterans in the Soldiers' Home repre-
sent the past. You represent the future-
the future of your race-a future made pos
sible by the past, by these graves around us.
"Two phases of the future strike me as I
look over this assemblage. For I sec an-
other race here, a race from the far West.
These two classes of people are approach-
ing the great problem of humanity, which
is Labor, from different sides.
" I would put that problem into four
words: Labor must be frie. And for those of
you from the far West I would omit the last
word in order to enforce the first lesson, To
you I would say: Labor must be-for you, for
all. Without it there can be no civilization
The white race has learned that truth. They
came here as pioneers, felled the forests, and
swept away all obstacles before them by la-
bor. You come from a people who have
been taught to destroy-to fight, but not to
labor. Therefore to you I would say that
without labor you can be nothing. The first
text in your civilization is. Labor must be!
" You of the African race have learned
this text, but you learned it from under the
lash. Slavery taught you that labor must
bc. The mighty voice of war spoke out to
you, and to us all, that Labor must be for-
ever free.
" The basis of all civilization is that Labor
must be. The basis of everything great in
civilization, the glory of our civilization, is
that Labor must be free !
" I am glad to see that General Armstrong
is working out this problem on both sides-
reaching one hand to the South and one
hand to the West with all this continent of
Anglo-Saxon civilization behind him work-
ing it out in the only way that will give us a
country without sections, a people without
a stain."
5. W. August
Southern Workman.
DEVOTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL CLASSES OF THE SOUTH.
VOL. X.
HAMPTON, VA., JULY, 1881.
NO. 7
the
Vis, a resident grad-
for the Times, by
and essays
Thomas
È
74
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
CORRESPONDENCE.
must be met at the threshold of the residence.
relate hereafter.
nating of all stories of Arctic exploration.
Shanghai, April 5, 1881.
When the Viceroy met us, he shook hands
It now pays largely, and is destined, it is
"An iceberg is one of God's own build--
with us, for he has adopted this European
quite probable, to control the vast commerce
ings: preaching its lessons of bumility to the
Though I am attending the King of the
custom, while dealing with Europeans or
of the Pacific.
ministure structures of man. Its material,
Hawaiian Islands, on his trip around the
foreigners. Then he led us through two lines
I will close by describing the modern meth-
one colossal Pentelicus; its mass, the repre-
world, I do not forget that I am rated as a
of bowing officials to the reception room, and
od of conveyance in the cities of the East,
sentative of power in repose; its distribution
"special contributor' to the Southern Work-
to a round table in the center of the room.
occupied by foreigners. About ten years ago,
simulating every architectural type. It makes
man. My relations are such that much which
Etiquette was carefully preserved. The King
& missionary in Japan built a large, two
one smile at those classical remnants which
I see here I cannot make public; but there are
sat on the Viceroy's right; I sat on his left,
wheeled baby carriage. Shafts were attached
our own period reproduces in its Madaleine,
some subjects upon which I am at liberty to
and the others were seated below us. Tea in
to it. A coolie or laborer's pay is about ten
Walhallas, and Girard colleges, Certain.
write, because they do not concern national
beautiful porcelain cups was at once served.
cents a day; so he put a coolie behind the
I am that no objects ever impressed me
or private affairs.
The Viceroy is & tall man, with a keen, bright
shafts, got into the wagon and started off; at
more. There was something about them so
A few days ago, the steamer Pau-tah, be-
eye, and & spare frame. He commenced
once the invention took. At present in
slumberous and so pure, so massive yet 80
longing to the China Merchants' Steamship
talking at once, through his interpreter. His
Japan and China, one sees everywhere these
evanescent, 80 majestic in their cheerless beau-
Company, was put at the disposal of the King
questions were many and to the point. After
carriages, called jin-rik-shas, in all the
ty, without, after of the salient points
of the Hawaiians, to make such use of as he
twenty minutes talk, we were led into an ad-
streets. If one wishes to ride, he calls one
which give character to description, that they
chose. She is R large, swift steamer, built
joining room, and were seated at a table
up, steps in, and is carried off at full speed.
almost seemed to me the material for & dream
in England. Some of her cabins were es-
covered with sweetmeats, etiqutte being
He never walks. Sometimes an extra coolie
rather than things to be definitely painted in
pecially refitted for the reception of the King.
carefully preserved during the seating. I did
is hired to push. The effect of & hundred of
words. The first that we approached was en-
He, and his Chamberlain, and I embarked.
not touch the sweetmeats, but I did think of
these big baby wagons, in which large portly
tirely unaccessible. Our commander, in whose
We were the only passengers. In sixty hours,
my boys in Hampton, who would have readily
men are seated, is curious and amusing.
estimates of distance and magnitude I have.
we reached the mouth of the Peiho river, and
taken my place on the occasion. After an
But the coolies die rapidly. Running at full
great confidence, made it nearly a mile in cir-
after passing many forta, reached Tientsin, &
hour's talk we left, and returned in the chairs
speed they become heated, and as in the
cumference. With the exception of one rug-
large city, about fifty miles from the mouth
to our ships, the same ceremony being ob-
winter time they frequently have to stand in
ged corner, it was in shape & truncated wedge,
of the river. At that city, the teas from the
served in returning as in coming. The next
the cold air for hours, they take heavy colds
and its surface & nearly horizontal plateau.
southern part of China are collected and dis-
morning the Viceroy returned the call. It
and do not live long.
Another was & monster ice mountain, at least
patched to Russia, on the backs of camels,
was done with great ceremony. He invited
W. N. A.
two hundred feet high, irregular in shape,
for the Russians believe that fine teas are in-
us to dine with him in the evening, 80 we
and its surface diversified with hill and dale.
jured by sen voyages. That city is also the
went at seven o'clock. to a large hall, where
Upon this one we landed.
seaport of Peking, the capital of China, and is
we again met him. The high officials of the
A VISIT FROM THE PRESIDENT.
The general color of a berg may be com-
also the residence of Li Hung Chang, the
Empire, residing in the city, and the repre-
President Garfield accompanied by his
pared to frosted silver, but when its fractures.
Viceroy of the province of Chilhi, the Com-
sentatives of foreign nations were also invited.
mander in chief of the armies of China; the
daughter and son, Secretary Hunt and Mrs.
are very extensive, the exposed faces have a
The Hawaiian and Chinese flags were draped
Hunt, Col. and Mrs. Rockwell, and daugh-
very brilliant lustre; nothing can be more ex-
greatest of living Chinese generals. He rules
together about the room. Pieces of splendid
ter, visited Fortress Monroe, and Portsmouth
quisite. The iceberg is always dreaded by ships
despotically over forty millions of people, and
lacquer work were about the room. Extracts
Navy Yard, on Saturday, June 4, in the Gov-
In Melville Bay, we were completely surround-
is, to all intents and purposes, an absolute
from the sayings of Confucius, in Chinese
monarch. He is a made man During
ernment steam yacht Dispatch, and on Sun-
ed by them. We made fast on the shore side,
characters, were written on the walls. One of
the great Taiping rebellion, in which some
day morning, drove out to the Chesapeake
to one of majesterial proportion that had an-
these translated, reads: "Only he who is wise,
millions of men were killed, and eighty thou-
Soldiers' Home, and to Hampton Institute,
chored itself in the floe. To seaward I counted
prudent, and obeys parents can be happy.
sand beheaded for rebellion, in Canton alone,
attending The Normal School service at
seventy-three. As the tide ebbed, the floes
It was not a bad sentiment for men whom the
Bethesda Chapel, in the National Cemetery.
choked in around us, 80 as to prevent the
he rose to the supreme military command,
English people call "pagans." Twenty-five
After service, the Principal announced-th
possibility of warping from our position, and
and is now the first man of this Empire of
persons were at the table, seated according to
presence of the President of the United
the kingly bergs began their impressive march.
four hundred millions. Moreever, he is pro-
rank. The King sat on the Viceroy's right, I
gressive: his troops are Grilled in European
States, and expressed the hope that he would
One of them in bulk more than equal to two
sat on his left. The King's Chamberlain sat
tactics, owns war vessels, powder facto-
speak to the school of which he had so long
of our own,advanced at the rate of a knot an
opposite next to the "Tontai." Next to me,
been & friend, and was once a Trustee; in this
hour, crumbling all opposing floes before it.
ries, and arsenals, he employs Europeans,
sat the Viceroy's son, a bright looking man,
Cand watches them too; he keeps around him
most fitting place, with the graves around us
The two bergs were just about to meet,crush-
twenty-seven years old. He speaks English
able Chinamen, who have lived in Europe,
of those who have died that these might be
ing our little vessel to atoms in their em-
well, and has learned it through an English
here to-day.
brace. It was a sight to make the bravest hold
and speak the European languages. Last
teacher The dinner was not purely Chinese,
The President responded to the request as
his breath. But we doubled & projecting cape
winter he went to & dinner party at the
for European dishes were intermixed. Ivorv
follows:
and the perit was past. Just as the drifting
Russian Embassy, and, to the horror of all
chop-sticks were beside each plate, and knives
conservative Chinese, sat at the table with
"As I drove through these grounds to-
berg was about impinging on the other, if
and forks were added. The courses numbered
European ladies ;though he has not gone so far
day, I was impressed with the thought that
yielded & very little to some inexplicable
about twenty. In a purely Chinese dinner,
as to produce in public the female members
I was between the representatives of the
counter-drift, moved slowly round on its axis
they reach & hundred. The principal Chinese
past and the future.
to the northward, and passing within fifty
of his own family. Moreover he is pure
dishes were bird's soup, and shark's fins.
Chinese. The reigning dynasty at Peking is
Crippled and bent with service and years,
yards of the brig, continued its majestic pro-
The bird's nest soup for twenty-five people
those veterans in the Soldiers' Home,
gress directly in the wind's eye. It was & nar-
Tartar, and it has kept its grasp over these
cost not less than three hundred dollars. At
millions of Chinese for some centuries, by
represent the past. You represent the
row escape; the Rescue was keeled over con-
the close of the dinner, one of the high
the force of its superior ability and skill. But
future, future of your race-a future
siderably by the floes which were forced in
officials, who spoke English well, rose, and
made possible by the past, by these graves
upon her, driving in her port bulwarks, and
many of the Chinese look forward to & time,
said that be would propose & toast, by the
around us.
demolishing her monkey rail."
when the Tartars will be overthrown and &
direction of the Viceroy. He said "The
Chinaman will become Emperor, as the Tartar
Two phases of the future strike me as I
Viceroy desires me to propose your Majes-
dynasty is becoming weak, vacillating, and
look over this assemblage. For I see
ty's health. He wishes to thank you for the
"bebind the times;" it is believed that before
another race here; a race from the far west.
kind treatment which the Chinese have
These two classes of people are approaching the
A SOUTHERN SUPERINTENDENT'S TRI-
long another revolution will take place, that
received in your Kingdom, and he hopes that
Li-Hung will lead it, and in the end
great problem of humanity, which is Labor,
the relations of the two countries will always
from different sides.
BUTE TO A COLORED TEACHER.
become Emperor, and throw down, on all
be pleasant." At the King's request, I re-
sides. the walls of seclusion which nearly en-
I would put that problem into four words:
plied, through the interpreter, saying in sub-
Labor must be free. And for those of you
The death of Mr. Lindsey Hayden, & gradu-
circle this vast nation. I was, therefore,
stance that the King was glad of the good
ate of Hampton, of the class of 77, has been
from the far west, I would omit the last
deeply interested in meeting this great man.
opinion which the Chinese had of his King-
noticed before in the Southern Workman.
Shortly after our arrival at the dock in Tient-
word in order to enforce the first lesson. To you
dom: that it was the aim of the government
sin, an official came on board, and said that
I would say: Labor must be/-for you, for all.-
His widow, also & Hampton graduate, has
to make all men equal before the Courts, and
sent us to read the following kind letter of
the "Tontai" (the Mayor) of the place would
Without it there can be no civilization. The
especial care was taken of those who did not
sympathy which she has received from the
pay his respects to the King. The King went
understand the language of the country.
white race has learned that truth. They
County Superintendent of schools under
on shore, to & large house, put at his disposal,
came here as pioneers, felled the forests
After this we left the table, after & four hours'
and swept away all obstacles before them by
whom she and her husband were teaching.
and shortly after entered the reception room.
session. The next morning we left the city.
labor. You come from & people who have
We take the liberty of publishing it, sure that
The "Tontai" sent in his cards, his name and
When we reached the mouth of the Pei ho
titles being printed on large red pieces of
been taught to destroy;-to tight but not to
its tone of cordial respect and appreciation
river, the great forts which line the river
paper. The "Tontai" entered the room,
labor. Therefore to you I would say that
will give to many 8 pleasant, and perhaps &
banks on each side for two miles, fired &
without labor you can be nothing. The first
new idea of the relations which may exist be-
leaving his retinue behind him. After & form-
royal salute. while the ramparts were covered
tween the colored teacher and the Southern
al reception, he presented the cards of the
text in your civilization is: Labor must be!
with men, displaying banuers. Every tenth
You of the African race have learned this text
superintendent, though in many cases one is
Viceroy, and said that the Viceroy would
soldier carries a banner in the Chinese army,
an ex-slave and the other an ex-slave holder.
receive the King at three o'clock the next
and the effect of some hundreds of these,
but you learned tunder the lash. Slavery taught
Race prejudice exists— as well as South.
day at his own palace. The next day at 2,
waving above the high, massive walls, was
you that labor must be. The mighty voice of
Education is the only upward road out of it.
P. M. three sedan chairs were brought to the
war spoke out to you, and to us all,
picturesque and grand. The Hawaiiant flag
steamer's side. Each chair was carried by
that Labor must be forever free.
Many & Hampton graduate is proving that
dipped in reply. and we moved out 0 the
four men. called "coolies" by Europeans.
The basis of all civilization is that Labor
true and unassuming worth will find its own
river into the Chinese or Yellow Sea.
level. Mrs. Hayden writes:
The King, his Chamberlain and I, dressed in
The steamer on which we took passage,
must be. The basis of every thing great in
full uniform, entered these chairs, which were
belongs to the China Merchants' Steamship
civilization, the glory of our civilization, is
"I am trying to teach again, and give this
sad event up to the Master, but it is the hard-
lifted up at once, and the procession moved
that Labor must be free !
Co. The Chinamen are rapidly overtaking
I am glad to see that General Armstrong is
est thing I ever tried to do. General, I be-
away. At the back were four mandarins, on
the Europeans, in the steamship race. This
lieve my dear husband is in Heaven, for he
horseback. A large square banner was
line runs at present over thirty steamers, and
working out this problem on both sides-
certainly tried to live the life of & christian.
carried in front. Behind them came police-
they trade with all ports of the Pacific.
reaching one hand to the South: and one
hand to the all this Continent
I mean to try and meet him there. I ask you
men. Behind the four men who carried
There is a vast money capital in China, but
to pray for me.
sedan chairs, there were men of petty rank.
the people are conservative about investment.
of Anglo-Saxon civilization behind him;
working it out in the only way it can ever
Your sincerely grateful pupil"
who trotted beside the chairs and pushed
Some of the more enterprising engaged in
be worked out; the way that will give u a
Della E. Hayden."
away any obstacles. Three miles of streets
the steamship business, but did not succeed
The enclosed letter is as follows:
had to be passed before the Viceroy's resi-
at first. They bought English ships at large
country without sections; a people without
a stain."
Office of County Supt. of Public Schools,
dence could be reached, and these streets were
prices. They did not know how to manage
them. Like all men who go into affairs in
After church, the President and his party
BEDFORD COUNTY,
hardly twelve feet wide. The buildings are
made of bamboo plastered with mud. So the
which they have had no experience, they had
walked through some of the buildings, saw
Liberty, Va., February 5th, 1881.
the students at dinner, and then took lunch
Mrs. Della E. Hayden:
color of the land and of the buildings is the
much to learn, and their lesson cost them
same. Hardly & building is over one story
at the house of Gen. Marshall, Treasurer of
I desire to express my sincere
dearly. Mariners cannot be made in a day.
the Normal School; where the teachers and
sympathy for you in your bereavement. The
high. The houses swarmed with peor le.
Captains, and engineers of steamers, cannot
They came to the front as we passed. Ox
be had out of a race that never built steam-
officers of the School were presented to the
death of your hnsband (Lindsey Hayden) is
carts, donkeys, men carrying burdens were
President, who pleasantly said that he felt
& sad loss, not only to the colored people of
ships, or sailed over distant seas. Though
these men could match Europeans in trade,
like wishing he were a Hampton teacher.
this immediate community, but throughout
hustled into side streets.
After listening to a little singing by the
the County. He was an excellent teacher and
The people knew about our coming, and
"could make the Pacific coast of America
showed the greatest curiosity. Finally we
tremble at their thrift and economy; they
Normal School choir, the party left for the
loved the employment for the good which
reached the Viceroy's residence. Our chairs
could not manage steamships. It was a new
Fort, and returned to Washington the same
he thereby aimed to accomplish. I sought
evening.
his co-operation in efforts for the improvement
were carried through a gate set in an im-
business to them. They had money in vast
well. within were two lines of soldiers.
End
of the colored teachers of the County, and
onantities. but it paid no interest A vast
found him ready to do all in his power towards
A GUIDE TO THE ARCHIVES
OF HAMPTON INSTITUTE
Compiled by
Fritz J. Malval
Bibliographies and Indexes in Afro-American and African Studies, Number 5
G
P
GREENWOOD PRESS
Westport, Connecticut London, England
10
33 James Abram Garfield
Twentieth president of the United States. He studied to be
a teacher and taught in several country schools in Ohio. In
1853 he entered Williams College. From 1855-1856 he campaigned
for John Fremont in the newly formed Republican party. In
1856 he joined the staff of Hiram College, teaching ancient
languages and literature. In 1857 Mr. Garfield was appointed
president of Hiram College and became active in local and
national politics. He served in the military during the Civil
War as a brigadier general and in 1863 resigned his commission
in the United States Army. In 1880, he was elected president
of the United States. President Garfield was an incorporator
of Hampton Institute and served on the Board of Trustees from
1870-1876.
.34 Reginald E. Gillmore.
Corporation president. Graduating from the United States Naval
Academy in 1907, he was vice-president of Sperry Gyroscope.
He served in the United States Navy from 1907-1912 and again
from 1917-1918. Mr. Gillmore was a member of the Board of
Trustees of Hampton Institute from 1946-1956 before resigning.
.35 Frank Porter Graham.
Educator and government official. Mr. Graham was president of
the University of North Carolina (1930-1949), United States
Representative on the United Nations Committee in the Dutch-
Indonesian dispute (1947-1948), and United States senator
from North Carolina (1949-1950). In 1951 he was appointed
United States Representative for India and Pakistan. He
served on the Board of Trustees of Hampton Institute from
1934-1940 and on several committees. On January 26, 1936, he
was keynote speaker for Founder's Day; his address was entitled
"The Hampton Idea - Cooperation".
.36 Lester B. Granger.
Social Service administrator. Mr. Granger was born in Newport
News, Virginia, graduated in 1918 from Dartmouth College, and
completed his professional studies at the New York School of
Social Work in 1924. He received many honorary degrees and
in 1952 completed his course of study for LL.D. at Oberlin
College. Mr. Granger served on many federal and civic committees
and in 1941 became executive secretary of the National Urban
League. He delivered the 1945 Founder's Day address and was
keynote speaker at the inauguration of Dr. Jerome Holland. Mr.
Granger served on the Board of Trustees of Hampton Institute
from 1944-1959.
THE SOUTHERN W ORKMAN
Vol. XXX
October, 1901
No. 10
William McKinley
IT
is noteworthy that no stronger expressions of esteem for
our late beloved and lamented president have come from
any part of the world than those from the South. He was a
broad-minded statesman," says a leading Southern democratic
paper, with no sectional prejudices; the best type of an
American citizen; a loyal and kindly gentleman; a brave, true
man." Virginia, especially, has shown great sorrow, sending
to represent her at the public funeral in Washington, a com-
mittee of the constitutional convention now in session at Rich-
mond, and showing in every possible way her recognition of
Mr. McKinley's great qualities and of her personal loss in his
death. The observance of Thursday, September nineteenth,
as a memorial day was general throughout the South. Impres-
sive services were held in Hampton, at the National Soldiers'
Home and at the Normal School. Mr. McKinley was a lover
of humanity-a friend of the common man, of whatever race or
color. He was profoundly interested in all undeveloped races,
and especially in the Negroes as forming so large a proportion
of our population. It was fitting that one of this race should
have been among those who helped to disarm his assailant.
He appreciated highly Mr. Washington's work at Tuskegee
and made the school a memorable visit in February, 1899. In
his speech on that occasion, he said " Integrity and industry
are the best possessions which any man can have and every
man can have them. They make happy homes; they achieve
suc cess in every walk of life. They give one moral and ma-
terial power. There is no good citizenship without them.
They are indispensable to success; they areinvincible". No
better illustration could be found of the truth of these words
than President McKinley's own career. In life he was an hon-
orable Christian gentleman and statesman; in death, a Christ-
like soldier. With General Armstrong, he put "God and
country first"; himself afterwards.
572
Southern Workman
dollars to transport might have been produced by the missions them-
selves, while their production would have afforded the most valuable
kind of education. This article emphasizes what Hampton is continually
preaching-that we need to follow the Great Master and help men en-
ter into life and into more abundant life; and that cannot come to them
merely through a knowledge of books.
The last report of the American Marathi Mission of Western In-
dia under the American Board, shows how the famine has forced upon
the workers there also, the necessity of industrial training. As the re-
port says: "It is incumbent on us not only to see that the 3000 famine
children taken under our care are fed and clothed, given some school-
ing and trained in Christian character, but they must also be guided
in some honorable occupations by which they can both earn a decent
livelihood and be able to support Christian institutions hereafter."
The report goes on to tell of the opening of a factory for wood- and
metal-work, where articles are to be made for profit, which is a training
school for fifty boys, each boy receiving at first one pice a day if he is
industrious and capable, this amount to be increased as his value as a
laborer increases, half of the money going toward a fund which shall
help to establish him later in business. In another place a farm school
has been started. Some boys are trained in tailoring and some in
trading. At still another station various industries are being planned,
such as poultry raising, sewing, preparing raw wool for weaving, cook-
ing and houşekeeping for the girls, farming, weaving country blankets,
country carpentry, sheep herding and preparing charcoal and lime for
market.
The death of President McKinley by an assassin's har 1
The Anarchist
Problem
has emphasized the fact, of which many have long been
conscious, that there are a large number of people whose
minds have been so warped by long years of oppression that they look
upon the rulers of the nation as well as the prosperous members of the
community as their enemies.
We talk about conquering race prejudice in ourselves, and it is
most important that we do so. It is hard for us to realize, however,
that there is a stronger prejudice on the part of a large portion of the
community toward us than it is possible for us to feel toward them.
The oft-quoted remark of the Indian boy who said, when he was asked
by his teacher what he thought of white men before he came to Hamp-
ton, " I thought they were devils shows a state of mind that is not
confined to Indians or to colored people. It is probable that a large pro-
portion of the outrages in the South are outgrowths of this feeling of
prejudice against another race. So eminent a sociologist as Profes-
sor Goldwin Smith of Toronto, in a recent letter to one of the New
York daily papers, accounts in this way for much of the crime in the
South. But this condition of affairs is not confined to any part of the
Field Work among the Indians
573
country. Anyone who is acquainted with the foreign quarters of any
of our large cities is familiar with a type of face that tells of years of
oppression and a bitterness that is the direct result of it. The assas-
sination was the expression of a feeling that is widespread; namely,
hatred of rulers and of those who govern the business world by
reason of their great wealth.
We have heard much since the President's death of the passing
of laws to prevent this sort of thing in the future, we have also heard
many suggestions in regard to the transportation of anarchists to some
island of the sea-similar counsel to that which advises the deporta-
tion of the blacks or the extermination of the Indian All these sug-
gestions are utterly futile. Wise laws may help, but the only solu-
tion of the problem lies in the proper education of these people, bring
ing to them the proper moral and religious ideas, changing and
improving their homes and bringing them in touch with the best
thought and feeling of this land of liberty to which they have come.
In her usual forceful way, Miss Annie B. Scoville
Field Work
among the Indians
pleads, in a recent article, for more thoroughly trained
field matrons and farmers among the Indians. She
has been spending part of the summer among the Sioux, and has been
impressed with the necessity of helping the women of the tribe to a
better knowledge of home life.
The difficulty of the Indian's passage from the old life to the new
can only be understood by one who has lived among them. Speaking
of the Sioux mothers, Miss Scoville says : " They are strong women
who once faced life bravely, made their huts and clothes, planted corn
and looked well to their families, but the life they understood went with
the old days. The white man's way is perplexing and, as they say, how
can they learn except some one pity them ? The trouble encountered
in endeavoring to induce the men to farm and live after the white man's
way, the writer thus describes: : " The government tried to civilize
these Indians by issuing wagons and they used them to feed the ponies
from ; stoves, and they knocked off the tops and used them over the
camp-fire; cows, and the Indian saw in them what he had in the buffa-
lo-meat-and ate them up. "
Our Indian government schools have done excellent work and
their teachers deserve all praise, but what is needed vastly more than
the teacher in the school-room is the Christian missionary worker, who
shall act, as Miss Scoville says, as " doctor, nurse, cook, farmer, teach-
er, seamstress and general counselor." Just such work as this is being
admirably done by Miss Anna Dawson, one of Hampton's early gradu-
ates, who has been for six years field matron on the Fort Berthold
reservation in North Dakota.
June 1872
into the field At the same time." To
eye which acience constituted for
a meeting which bad just been
me use, the wide realm of the material
Comperance.
FORT MON
exhorted that repentance was never too
heavens, shall not He ho sitteth upon
late, for sinner blown up da a
their circuit be able to know all that
der mill could make his peace with
transpires upon the earth, which he has
The Humseller.
Old Point Comfor
before, he fell to the earth;
made the resting s-place of his feet ? Let
Father mid, as Do not trust to
the
three
little.
words at the head of
Every individual in society is ex
such chances brethren dont wait
this
article
not
be forgotten, but let
pected to contribute something to its
GENERAL FORW
for your dying hour before you repent
young and
old
remember the great
advancement and interest. We TO
perhaps you never will be blown up in
truth W hien
they
contai
d. 'Thou God,
member tol have read many years ago,
the
powder-mill! MITH Somebody
once
neest me
of a company of tradesmen who united
FIRE & I
Com-
asked him why he was not called Dr.
themselves into a mutual benefit soel-
he
Taylor "-why they did not make him
General
U.
8
Grant
ety, and each one had to contribute to
did
that
last
a doctor of divinity " suppose it
its support.
is because my divinity never needed
We) present to our readers a portrait
First, the blacksmith came forward
INSURA
Ave
especially
doctoring," was his answer.
of
General
U.
S.
Grant, President of the
and said
United
States. Born in Ohio, in April,
oved friend, who relieved the recent
" Gentlemen, I with to become .
1822; he graduated from West Point in
with of a superabusted ministry with
member of your association."
Father Taylor, and the Young
1839.- He followed General Scott and
his cultivation of grapes, announced
Preacher.
Taylor in their Mexican Campaigns, and
Well, what can you do?"
a his text, I'am the true rine." and
distinguished himself by bravery and good
" Oh ! I can iron your carriages, shoe
egain by mying, There are some
On one Monday morning, by the
judgment.
He was there associated with
your horses, and make all kinds of ind-
ines that will not bear good grapos,
special invitation of a Methodist min-
General
Stondwall. Jackson," General
plements."
That and n broaks in Father 1a lor
ister, I, a Congregationalist minister,
Robert
E. Lee, and imany others whose
Very well, come in Mr. Black
Adams Express 1
yea sold me one of that sort,
was present at The Ministers' Meet-
whose names have passed into history
smith.
GREAT EASTERN, WK
BOUTHERN BXP
Forwarders
PICKISES. TALUMBLES, ⑉
M we Rates, with prompts
executed
and
rates
In
all
parts
of
LAMON
FINK
OR
reforted
I
all
kinds
of
Honorbold furniture
Leasen,
and
all
able
rates
consistent
responsible passion
Royal Insurance
OF LIVERPOOL
Cold
CONTINENTAL INSURANCE
NEW you
Cash landle
Home Insurance
or
Cash
smoke
AMERICAN FIDE HISORAI
or a
Capital
All equitably
full.
lug
-
are solicited to give - their
LIFE
INSL
of every from I
terms
as
150
and
GLODE MOTUAL LIFE INSUR
or
Cash
small
The principal Ivalures of
why 3 lbv Insurance
REPUBLIC LIFE INSURAN
THE
July
Capital
Insurance
Innual
Its
of
the
-
CENTRAL
.
May
A VISIT- FROM PRESIDENT
ARTHUR.
On the thirteenth of last month, Presi-
dent Arthur made his first official visit
of inspection to the Chesapeake National
Soldiers' Home, and afterwards visited
the Normal School, accompanied by Sec-
retary Lincoln, with his little son Abra-
ham, Hon. Rutus Ingalls, U. S. Quarter-
master-General, Senator Hawley, of Con-
necticut, Senator Edmunds, of Vermont,
who has been boarding with his family in
the vicinity of Hampton for some weeks,
Hon. Martin Maginnis, delegate from
Montana, Commodore S. R. Franklin, U.
S. N., and others. After seeing the stu-
dents march into their dining hall, the
Presidential party drove through the
grounds, and visited some of the buildings,
after which the school was assembled in
the chapel of Virginia Hall, and sang
some plantation songs and glees for the
entertainment of the distinguished visitors,
and short, kindly addresses were made by
the President, Secretary Lincoln, and Sen-
ators Hawley and Edmunds.
In introducing President Arthur, the
Principal told the students of his well-
known, brave championship of the slave,
in the courts of New York, in 1855, and
requested them, as a matter of interest to
one who had thus proved his sympathy
for their race, to make the same avowal
they had once made to President Garfield,
letting him know by rising how many of
them had been born in slavery. Perhaps
three-quarters of the school rose, a larger
proportion than might have been expected
by one who realized how fast we are leav-
ing the war behind, and a touching sight
to all who appreciated its meaning to
them.
President Arthur said:
Ladies and Gentlemen: I can stay with
you but & few minutes, and can say but a few
words. The question concerning your race
to my part in which your Principal has al-
luded, was the question whether a slave-owner
could bring his slave into a free State and
still hold him in slavery. A slave-owner
named Lemon wished to bring a slave into
New York and be protected in holding him
there temporarily, and then take him to
Texas. The question was brought into the
New York court, and there decided-No-
decided that the moment & slave was brought
by his master on to free soil, that moment his
shackles should fall off, and he should be
free That decision settled the question virtu-
ally for the whole North, and had its part,
no doubt, in thechain of causes which brought
on the war between slavery and freedom. I
never was prouder of anything in my life than
of a share in that decision. And now I am
glad to see before me such results as these
which have grown out of the war. I am glad
that General Hawley is here, who will say
something more to you."
General Hawley, thus called out, re-
sponded by saying:
You are used, no doubt, to what we say
at such times as this. I will only say that the
thought which has been running through my
mind as we have sat here is, that all the peo-
ple in this land are now absolutely free. You
are absolutely free, and the only reason for
talking about blacks and whites, as far as the
law is concerned, has passed away. You own
yourselves now. The time was when the law
was nursing your race-now the time has
come when you must stand on your feet, and
do for yourselves. And that is the reason
why such a school as this is 80 deeply interest-
ing. Go out from it to live up to its teach-
ings I should feel personally disappointed
ever to hear of any graduate from here who
failed to be worthy of these advantages."
The Principal replied:
it the name of these young men and wo-
men and their race I answer: We own our-
selves-give us 8 chance to be ourselves, which 2
now we have not. The nation has freed us-
but in our weakness and ignorance we need
its help to teach us to use our freedom."
He then introduced Secretary Lincoln,
who was greeted with enthusiatic applause,
and responded :
" One of the last things I expected to do
here to-day was to say anything. I thank you
for your reception, which I know was for the
name I bear, the name of one who felt always
a great interest in the colored race, because
he felt that it had been long and greatly in-
jured. It was the labor of his life, to repair,
as far as he could, that injury, by giving you
the right to your own labor. Asit happened,
that right was given to you before he died,
and that, as General Hawley said, is your
path of progress. I hope you will all takeit."
Senator Edmunds, being introduced,
said pleasantly:
"Time flies, and I.can bat say ditto to all
that has been said. I will only say further to
you all-my young friends, Indians and all:
In one sense we are not free-in one sense
every one of us is a slave. or ought to be-
a slave to Duty, 8 slave to Virtue-to that law
which would compel each one to do always
that which is honest. brave, and good. So,
my young friends, of both races. when you
go home to the prairies of the West, or the
sunny fields of the South, remember this, and
ever obey that master."
Southern Workman.
DEVOTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL CLASSES OF THE SOUTH.
XI.
HAMPTON. VA.. MAY. 1882
NO. 4
CHARGE
a
TRAD-IDET
refesti
3th
Licensed
SDOE
wait transact
which
F
equiate past
order statement
am R
when
52
SOUTHERN WORKMAN.
the further question: How is the State to
miles north of Providence, R. I., a vil-
required for him. Help first those who
men and their race I answer: We
us 8 chance to be ourselves,
be protected aginst his vote, and how is
lage which has been known as Slaterville.
help themselves.
The best work of Christian philan-
now we have not. The nation has freed
its safety to be secured while he is pro-
About 1822, John F. took the leading
but in our weakness and ignorance we
tected in his rights? And that question
interest in what have since become, the
thropy is to create chances for men.
its help to teach us to use our freedom."
receives fearful emphasis from the facts
famous Amoskeag Mills, of Manchester,
The Slater fund, by creating chances
He then introduced Secretary Lincola,
just stated.
N. H.
for 550 men a year for all time, will prove
who was greeted with enthusiatic applanse,
That the Government has the same
John Slater had three children, who
a god-send to our country. To make the
right to send forth the school master that
are now alive, all born at Slaterville-
teachers is to make the people.
and responded
it has to send forth the recruiting ser-
John F. the present giver; William S.,
This noble gift of a private citizen is an
One of the last things I expected to do
of Providence, president of the Worcester
example and a reproach to our sluggish
here to-day was to say anything. I thank you
geant, and for the same reason, cannot be
for your reception, which I know was for the
denied except by a solecism in logic and
and Providence R. R. Co., and the
Congress, which is bound to fis the freed-
name I bear, the name of one who felt always
common sense too obvious to require con-
Rhode Island Locomotive Works; and
men for freedom as much as to give it to
a great interest in the colored race, because
sideration. That it has been urged to do
Elizabeth.
them. We trust that the measure now
he felt that it had been long and greatly in-
so by many of our wisest and best Chief
John F. Slater was trained to the in-
pending to provide special aid for primary
jured. It was the labor of his life, to repair,
Magistrates; and that it has done 80
dustry in which his father and uncle were
education in the South will not fail to
as far as he could, that injury, by giving you
many, many times, from its very organi-
pass, and to open a wide way for the thous-
the right to your own labor. Asit happened,
engaged, and in 1834 was sent to take
zation, is a mere matter of history, which
charge of their mill at Jewett City, where
ands who are waiting for the light.
that right was given to you before he died,
and that, as General Hawley said, is your
ought to be so familiar that no one en-
be lived until about the year 1840, when
path of progress. I hope you will all take it.
trusted with the duty of legislating for
he took up his residence in Norwich.
Senator Edmunds, being introduced,
its welfare, need ask for Constitutional
Upon the death of their father in 1843,
A VISIT FROM PRESIDENT
said pleasantly:
power or repeated precedent to justify
John F. and Wm. T. Slater, formed a
the action which is now sought. The last
partnership. In 1872 they separated,
ARTHUR.
"Time flies, and I can but say ditto to all
that has been said. I will only say further to
four Presidents have only repeated in
William taking the Slaterville property,
and John F. that at Jewett City. A few
On the thirteenth of last month, Presi-
you all-my young friends, Indians and all:
urgent language what the first five had
dent Arthur made his first official visit
In one sense we are not one sense
strongly urged, when they asked that the
years before this time, Edward P. Taft,
of Providence, with three or four others,
of inspection to the Chesapeake National
every one of us is & slave, or ought to
general Government shall take prompt
& slave to Duty, & slave to Virtue- to that
Soldiers' Home, and afterwards visited
and efficient action in providing for the
organized a company to engage in manu-
which would compel each one to de
general diffusion of knowledge as necessary
facturing on the Shetucket River, four
the Normal School, accompanied by Sec-
that which is honest. brave, and good,
miles above Norwich. The mill village
retary Lincoln, with his little son Abra-
my young friends, of both racea,
to the safety of our institutions and if
ham, Hon. Rutus Ingalls, U. S. Quarter-
go home to the prairies of the West, or
Congress shall make liberal appropria-
at that point is now known as Taftville.
tions either from public Iands, from pro-
In 1869 the corporation was reorganized
master-General, Senator Hawley, of Con-
sunny fields of the South, remember this,
with a capital of $1,500,000, Mr. John F.
necticut, Senator Edmunds, of Vermont,
ever obey that master."
ceeds from sale of public lands, or from
Slater being one of the principal stock-
who has been boarding with his family in
surplus revenues in the treasury, it will
holders and president of the company
the vicinity of Hampton for some weeks,
only repeat what has been done many
Hon. Martin Maginnis, delegate from
DEATH OF THE POST
times from 1787 down to 1862.
ever since. The Ponemah mill was com-
pleted and the machinery started Novem-
Montana, Commodore S. R. Franklin, U.
C. C. PAINTER.
ber 16, "Il. Its one roof, nearly one-fourth
8. N., and others. After seeing the stu-
The death of the venerable and
Washington City, March 18th, 1882.
dents march into their dining hall, the
poet Longfellow, so BOOD
of & mile in length, covers a larger cotton
Presidential party drove through the
national celebration of his birthday,
manufacturing business than any other in
grounds, and visited some of the buildings,
has brought & велве of personal loss into
THE JOHN P. SLATER FUND.
America, although there are two or three
after which the school was assembled in
homes high and humble, all over our
concerns which, in a group of adjacent
He was the post of the people." All the
buildings, do more than this. Exchange.
the chapel of Virginia Hall, and sang
John F. Slater, a manufacturer of Nor-
some plantation songs and glees for the
breadth of his culture and learning served
wich, Conn., has decided to give $1,000,-
entertainment of the distinguished visitors,
to increase the range of
000 for the education of colored people of
and short, kindly addresses were made by
with common humanity, and his
the South, the fund to be put into the
the President, Secretary Lincoln, and Sen-
interpreting it to itself. If as Tennyson
hands of trustees, under the laws of the
THE Slater fund of one million dollars,
ators Hawley and Edmunds.
beautifully says of him, be
State of New York. The trustees are to
to be devoted to the training of Negro
In introducing President Arthur, the
be x-President Hayes, Chief Justice
Waite, President Gilman, of Johns Hop-
Principal told the students of his well-
To one clear herp in divers tomon,
teachers, is the gift of a representative
kins University, the Rev. Dr. Phillips
New England man. Probably no charity
known, brave championship of the slave,
the tones are always those which echo
has ever touched the Northern or the Na-
in the courts of New York, in 1855, and
in every heart. So his simple
Brooks, of Boston, Governor Colquitt, of
tion's heart or sense as more wise and
requested them, as a matter of interest to
measures, never straining after
Georgia," James P. Boyce, of Kentucky,
timely.
one who had thus proved his sympathy
ways have one. The very commoniess
William A. Slater of Norwish, the son of
Since emancipation, New England
for their race; to make the same avowal
of some of his verses show their
the giver, and John A. Stewart, William
R. Dodge, and Morris K. Jesup, of New
has assumed peculiar charge over the
they had once made to President Garfield,
How many young souls have
manhood and development of the ex-
letting him know by rising how many of
strength and inspiration from the
York. Ex-President Hayes is to be the
first president. Mr. Slater, in a letter
slave. More is yet to come from that
them had been born in slavery. Perhaps
of Life, and the Builders and
quarter for this cause.
three-quarters of the school rose, & larger
how many hearts have by
explaining his gift and his aims, says:
"The general object which I desire to have
Its purpose, its grip in this matter, is
proportion than might have been expected
the magic of this master
excusively pursued is the uplifting of the late-
characteristically determined. Wise and
by one who realized how fast we are leav-
hose songel gushed from his heart,
ly emancipated populations of the Southern
well-done work for the welfare of the
ing the war behind, and a touching sight
As showers from the clouds of number,
States and their postarity by conferring on
despised races of America will not suf-
to all who appreciated its meaning to
Or boars from the eyelida
them the blessings of Christian education.
fice. Such effort is watched studiously
them.
It is pleasant to think of our first mar-
The disabilities formerly suffered by these
by many who will help it along, and
President Arthur said
tyred President Lincoln, under
people, and their singular patience and fideli-
finally crown it with adequate endowment.
Ladies and Gentlemen: I can stay with
the crushing burdens that most
ty in the great crisis of the nation, establish a
just claim on the sympathy and good will of
Our Southern schools do not need full
you but a few minutes, and can say but & few
whelmed his
endowment just now that would set
words. The question concerning your race
closing apostrophe in
humane and patriotic men. I cannot but feel
the compassion that is due in view of their
them on one side; they would cease to
to my part in which your Principal has al-
ing of the Ship," that be heard for
be & living issue, and public interest
luded, was the question whether & slave-owner
prevailing ignorance, which exists by no fault
first time from # friend; and how his
could bring his slave into a free State and
of their own. But it is not only for their own
and sympathy would take other directions.
deep eyes filled with tears as the
still hold him in slavery. A slave-owner
sake, but also for the safety of our common
But they need all the resources that
were quoted to him-
named Lemon wished to bring a slave into
country, in which they have been invested
private benevolence can bestow to build
New York and be protected in holding him
"Thou, too, sail on, ship of State,
with equal political rights, that I am desirous
accommodations for the steady increase
there temporarily, and then take him to
Bail on, 0 Union, strong and great!
to aid in providing them with the means of
of students and to maintain teachers.
Texas. The question was brought into the
Humanity, with all its
such education as shall tend to make them
New York court, and there decided-No-
With all the hopes of future years,
good men and good citizens-education in
Bricks and brains just now is the de-
decided that the moment a slave was brought
Is hanging breathless on thy fatal
which the instruction of the mind in the com-
mand. When the maximum is reached, the
tendency will be to establish foundations
by his master on to free soil, that moment his
mon branches of secular learning shall be as-
shackles should fall off, and he should be
In spite of rock and tempeat's roar,
sociated with training in just notions of duty
at well approved places. We must not
free That decision settled the question virtu-
In spite of false lights on the shore,
toward God and man in the light of the Holy
complain of a long probation.
ally for the whole North, and had its part,
Bail on, nor fear to breast the seal
Scriptures.
The advance of ideas at the South was
no doubt, in the chain of causes which brought
Our hearts, our hopes, are all with then
The means to be used in the prosecution of
the general object above described, I leave to
never so rapid as now. Bourbonism is
on the war between slavery and freedom. I
Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers,
fast passing away. The right of every
never was prouder of anything in my life than
tears,
the discretion of the corporation, only indica-
of a share in that decision. And now I am
Our faith triumphant er our fears,
ting, as lines of operation adapted to the
man to himself, and to make the best man
present condition of things, the training of
that he can of himself, by the use of his
glad to see before me such results as these
Are all with thee, are all with then
which have grown out of the war. I am giad
There is no class of people in this
teachers from among the people requiring to
unimpeded energies, has overshadowed
that General Hawley is here, who will say
be taught, if in the opinion of the corpora-
try who should cherish Mr.
aristocratic notions. Schools of both
something more to you."
tion, by such limited selection the purposes
memory. more tenderly than the
races are fuller then ever before; note
of the trust can be best accomplished, and
General Hawley, thus called out, re-
should. Like all the rest of the
the encouragement of such institutions as are
what Dr. Mayo says of North Carolina,
most effectually useful in promoting this
in another column.
sponded by saying:
poets of America, who, with Bryant, 4a
The part of the North is to send and
You are used, no doubt, to what we say
begun to pass away from us, he has
training of teachers.
support its best heart and brain and skill
at such times as this. I will only say that the
ways given his voice for treedom
It is my wish that this trust be administered
to lift up the destitute but deserving and
thought which has been running through my
justice to the oppressed, and has
mind as we have sat here is, that all the peo-
in no partisan, sectional, or sectarian spirit,
determined youths of the South. Here
lived to sing the glad evangel
ple in this land are now absolutely free. You
but in the interest of a generous patriotism,
erty through all the land to every
Mr. Slater's gift applies. It will suffice
are absolutely free, and the only reason for
and an enlightened Christian faith, and that
for the free tuition which must be made
talking about blacks and whites, as far as the
tant thereof," and the new song of
the corporation about to be formed may con-
practically free to Negro youth, and help
law is concerned, has passed away. You own
Bo perish the old gods;
tinue to be constituted of men distinguished
yourselves now. The time was when the law
But out of the sea of time
wither by honorable success in business or by
in & measure those who cannot pay for
services to literature, education, religion, or
board and clothes besides. If it shall
was nursing your race-now the time has
Rises a new land of glory
yield say $50,000 a year, it would aid
come when you must stand on your feet, and
Fairer than the old.
the State."
do for yourselves. And that is the reason
Over its meadows green
John F. Slater is a son of John Sla-
550 students, allowing each one, say
why such & school as this is so deeply interest-
Walk the young bards and
ter, who, with his brother Samuel, was a
$90 per annum.
ing. Go out from it to live ap to its teach-
pioneer in the work of cotton spinning in
Fourteen years' experience at Hampton
ings. I should feel personally disappointed
Build It again
New England. In 1806 the two brothers,
has shown the capacity of the average
ever to hear of any graduate from here who
0 yo barda,
with Almy & Brown, formed a partner-
Negro youth to pay, by his labor, much
failed to be worthy of these advantages."
Fairer than before)
ship for the establishment of an extensive
over half his board and clothing bills, and
The Principal replied
Ye fathers of the new I
Feed upon morning dew,
mill property at a point about thirteen
that but little more than free tuition is
"In the name of these young men and wo-
Sing the new Song of Love,
05/01/91
16:46
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
001
FACSIMILE
DOCUMENT
THE Them, FROM UNIT
202/456-6218
1868
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
HAMPTON, VIRGINIA 23668
Home of The
"Fighting Pirates"
DATE: 5/1/91
TO: PEGGT DOOLET, WHITEHOUSE RESEARCH
FROM: TIM ALLETON, SPECIAL EVENTS CONSOLTANT
4 PAGES - IF ANY - TO FOLLOW THIS SHEET. PLEASE
NOTIFY SENDER OF ANY MISSING PAGES.
CALL (804) 727-5384 or FAX (804) 727-5084
MESSAGE:
PER YOUR INITIAL DEADLINE MORE
10 FOLLOW InmORBon
05/01/91
16:46
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
002
Hampton University
News Release
(4/25/91 #61)
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
9,000 HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS VIE FOR 1,000 HU FROSH SLOTS
Hampton, VA - Nine applicants are competing for each
available slot in Hampton University's upcoming freshman
class, according to figures released from the school's
admissions office today. Dean of Admissions, Dr. Ollie
Bowman reported that his office has received approximately
9,000 applications for admission to the university for the
1991 Fall semester Letters of acceptance have gone out to
(
2,500 of those applicants.
The number of applications has steadily increased in
the last several years. Figures from 1990 showed the
largest increase, Kup 16 percent from the previous year.
This year's figures mark a 6 percent increase from 1990.
According to Hampton University President William R.
Harvey, "The university expected an increase of applications
this year, but did not expect the percentage to rise as much
as last year due to the state of the economy."
(more)
University Relations
Hampton, Virginia 23668
(804) 727-5253/5254/5255
05/01/91
16:48
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
003
HU applications 2-2-2-2-2
The College Board recently released figures on the
colleges who received the largest number of SAT scores sent
by high school students. Hampton was sent 10,682 SAT scores
by black high school students which put the university in
the number two spot in the country for receiving the largest
amount. These figures afford Hampton the opportunity the
pick "the cream of the crop", and to boast as having one of
the highest average SAT scores of entering freshmen among
historically black colleges and universities.
The Office of the Executive Vice President annually
polls the freshman class to examine the reasons that
students choose to attend Hampton. Seventy-five to eighty
percent of the freshmen surveyed claim that they chose
Hampton because of its excellent academic reputation.
In addition, Dr. Bowman has discovered through
informal surveys, that many students choose Hampton because
of its modest size. "Students like the idea of getting to
know their professors. It encourages intellectual
stimulation. With a student/faculty ratio of 16 to 1, that
close interaction is not only possible, it's a part of the
Hampton experience.
(more)
05/01/91
16:48
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
004
HU applications 3-3-3-3-3
The average SAT scores of Hampton's freshman class
could be higher than it is, were it not for Hampton's
traditional commitment of helping less advantaged students
obtain a higher education. Twenty percent of the
university's freshman class annually consists of students
whose promise for an education may have been inhibited by
lack of economic, social and/or educational opportunity.
These students are accepted to Hampton through the
Summer Bridge Program which admits students into the
summer session to help prepare them for the academic
challenges they will face at the university. Successful
completion of this program is mandatory for Fall admission
for this particular group of students.
In an attempt to address the crisis that exists for
black males in the country today, the university has also
initiated the program HOPE (Hampton's Opportunity Program
for Enhancement). This program is designed to provide an
opportunity for black males who lack academic preparation
needed to matriculate at Hampton University. Special
mandatory study sessions and tutorial sessions are provided
for the participants. Students will remain in the program
for one year. At year's end, the student must have met or
exceeded the minimum retention standards established by the
university.
-30-
05/01/91
16:49
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
005
STUDENT AFFAIRS
A
nother area that has experienced
As members of the Honors College, stu-
Topics treated in the program include, but
substantial growth is the area of
dents are assigned advanced courses; are
are not limited to drugs, AIDS, family
student personal development,
exposed to numerous intellectual activities,
planning, health care, and a variety
unrelated to the formal academic
such as special lectures, workshops, and
of other subjects. The program is well
programs. The growth of our student pop-
conferences; and live in the Honors Dormi-
received by students.
ulation and developments in Student
tory. The cost for occupancy in this dor-
Affairs further attest to the University's
mitory is less than the normal cost for
Strong support for the program of residen-
overall progress during the last decade.
dormitory living. Although the Honors
tial life is provided by the Student Health
The student body increased some 123%
College is in an embryonic stage, it is
Center, which is committed to the concepts
over the past ten-year period. The increase
expected to expand into one of the
of health protection, health prevention and
in the size of the student body was accom-
milestones at the University,
health promotion. To this end, the Health
Center, during the last decade, developed
panied by an increase in the academic
The University also has in place a com-
and implemented a comprehensive health
preparation of the students entering the
prehensive program of student activities.
education program which is very beneficial
University, A report prepared by the Office
Since 1978, these programs have been sub-
to the University community.
of Administrative Services in 1979 revealed
stantially upgraded and expanded. Pres-
that students attending Hampton Univer-
ently, approximately ninety chartered clubs
Another strong feature of Student Affairs
sity were academically less well prepared
and organizations are available to students
is its provision of cultural arts activities,
than were first-time students attending col-
and are designed to complement, support
which have continuously improved over
leges throughout the nation, as indicated
and enhance the academic program. These
the last decade. Among the many activities
by SAT scores, For example, in 1978 the
clubs and organizations fall into the follow-
available to students are the Musical Arts
average SAT score for the nation was 141
ing groups:
Series, periodic performances by the Vir-
points higher than that for students attend-
Greek Letter Organizations
ginia Symphony, the Virginia Choral Soci-
ing Hampton University. Following 1978;
Class-related Clubs and Organizations
cty, the Hampton Arts Commission Great
the gap between the average SAT score for
Honors Organizations
Performers Series, the Hampton Players
the national average and the average for,
Campus-wide Organizations
series, faculty recitals, and choir and dance
students entering dampton began to close.
Student Leadership Training Program
concerts by both internal and external
In 1987. for example, the average SAT score
groups. Over the last five-year period,
at Hampton exceeded that for the national
The Student Leadership Training Program
the cultural arts series has sponsored the
average. In 1988, the average SAT score
is one of the more unique student activities.
following performers:
exceeded that for the nation by fifteen
Leadership training is provided for stu-
points. During this ten-year time period,
dents through workshops, retreats, and
Dance Theatre of
The Dimensions Dance
Harlem
SAT scores increased by 187 points for
seminars. Beginning in 1978, under the
Theatre, Inc.
Chuck David and the
direction of Dr. Greer Wilson, the program
Robert Mayo
Hampton University students, but only ten
African Dance
Dr. Margaret Burroughs
points for the nation. The increase in the
annually selects approximately 150 stu-
Ensemble
David McDonals
academic preparation of the students as
dents for participation. The Student Lead-
The Cleo Parker
John Biggers
measured by SAT scores resulted from spe-
ership Training Program has received
Dance Co.
William Tolliver
cific university actions designed to achieve
widespread national recognition, and
Maya Angelou
William Owens-Hart
this goal. One such activity was the Presi-
members of the staff and the leadership
Dorothy Redford
Delphine and Romain
dent's Scholars Program.
group have assisted several other colleges
Paul Goodnight
Phyllis Hyman
in developing similar programs.
Tyronne Geter
Pieces of a Dream
The University initiated the President's
Elton Flax
Case Me Down
Scholars Program for freshmen in 1979
During the period between 1978 and 1988,
Elizabeth Catlett
Production
Members of this program become mem-
student publications have vastly improved
Persis Jennings
Jean Carne
Richard Mayhew
Hooks Gospel Tour
bers of the newly initiated Honors College.
in quality. Major publications include
Claude Clarke
The Hampton Script, The Hamplonian, and
Connie Parker
Students selected for the Scholars Program
Junius Redwood
Commissioned
receive an academic award based on their
The New Voice. These publications have
Najee
Marcus Thompson
SAT scores, with stipends ranging from
received awards on the national, regional
Marilyn Thompson
Gerald Albright
$1,000 to full room, board and tuition costs:
and local levels.
Delfield Marsalis
Handel's Messiah
Since implementation, the cost of the pro-
Peral Williams
To assist students with residential living,
gram has grown from $75,000 a year to
Synegal Singers
several years ago the University estab-
and Dancers
over $300,000 per year.
lished a program for residential life. The
objectives were to provide the highest qual-
Through these and similar programs, the
ity of life for all students; to provide each
Student Affairs area has significantly aug-
student an opportunity for additional per-
mented the University's efforts to provide
sonal growth and development through
meaningful academic and cultural enrich-
educational, social, recreational and cul-
ment activities for its students.
tural programs; and to provide a residence
hall atmosphere conducive to academic
achievement. Lectures and workshops for
dormitory residents are vital components
of these programs. Although students
are not required to participate in these
Honors Donnitory, home of the new Honors College
activities, a vast majority of students do.
NAME
AFFILIATION
TEL #
Patricia Conrcel
WH Advance
202 456.7565
Bran montgomery (Press)
"
Leo Tomed
"
was Muckerman (Press)
(.
Office 5231
Peggy Dooley
WH Speechwriting
202/456 - 7750
Katherine Edwards
University Relations
(804)777-5253
SpecialEweits Consultant
TIM ALLSTON
(804)727-5754
Hamptern University
766-1625
Doug Adair
WH Cabinet Affairs
202/456-2800
Finis E. Schneider
HU Communications (804)727-5412
833-56504 733-4664
B.S. ROBERTS
HU CAMPUS Police (804) 727-5259
Coliseum
LARRY LANDRUM
WH Comm AGCY
(202) 395-4040
Omni
N.
Margaret Summors
HCl Ceremonial Occusin
804 727-5421
907-909
staff
Mantha E Davin
Hampton Univ (VPAR)
804 727-5201
Lynn LAWSON
WH Political Affairs
2024566510
WAYNE JUSTICE
COAST FUND NIDE TO PRESIDENT/MILITARY OFFICE
202
3951747
BRUCE BOWEN
V.S. SECKET DIVISION PROT.
202/395-4011
BARNEY GARY
U.S Scceet Service/Norfolk
80+-441-3200
u.
HRt. Univ. 727-5461
JOE WATKINS
WH PUBLIC LIALSON
(202)456/7845
The Scorpiens
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY
May 12 Hampton, VA
Mrs. Simmons Ceremonial
Dr. Snyder - Communications
Dr. Emestine
Harpyton Coliseum /indoor)
Robinson
12/13.000
exec. asst to Preg.
1000 grade
Dan Degrees - POTUS; Ella Fitz/Mayo Angelou
Senior Class Pres. Carvel Lewis
700 sign. over 1 1/2 month
Wm. Howard Taft - Chair of Board
Hampton Road 5
Chesaprake Bay
Mansion House, Gen Armstrong
Football Hampton Pirates
basketball-CIAA champions
tennis- a have been nath champs
Emanupation Oak - imane proc read under
that the tree
Dr. Harvey - fundraring, tennis
Jessie Brown
Dr. Wm. Near Kearney - Mass Media
Faitmern
CO @ Langloy Hampton
'91-05-10 14:28 DOUG GAMBLE
P.1
DOUG GAMBLE
424-36th Place
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266
May 10/91
(213) 546-6409
TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN
2 Pages
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY (Tony Snow)
I WAS. TOLD THAT PRESIDENT HARVEY WANTED THIS YEAR'S SPEAKER TO BE THE MAN
HE MOST ADMIRED. BUT SINCE ARTHUR ASHE COULDN'T MAKE IT, I'M FILLING IN.
I COULD TELL THAT PRESIDENT HARVEY IS AN AVID TENNIS PLAYER. WHEN I SHOOK
HIS HAND HE CORRECTED MY GRIP.
: PLAY BOTH TENNIS AND GOLF, AND I'VE BEEN DESCRIBED AS A CROSS BETWEEN JACK
NICKLAUS AND JIMMY CONNORS. I PLAY TENNIS LIKE NICKLAUS AND GOLF LIKE CONNORS.
THIS HAS BEEN QUITE A WEEK. MY HEALTH HAS HAD ALMOST AS MUCH PUBLICITY AS
MADONNA.
LAST SATURDAY WAS QUITE AN EXPERIENCE. MY HEART HASN'T FLUTTERED LIKE THAT SINCE
THE NIGHT I FIRST MET BARBARA.
WHEN I WAS IN THE HOSPITAL LAST SATURDAY, SOMEONE ASKED IF I THOUGHT THE POWERS
NECESSARY TO RUN THE COUNTRY SHOULD BE TRANSFERRED OVER. I SAID "I SURE DO,
BUT I DON'T THINK CONGRESS WILL GIVE THEM TO ME."
MORE
'91-05-10 14:28 DOUG GAMBLE
P.2
- 2 -
DOUG GAMBLE
TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN - HAMPTON U. (CONT'D)
PEOPLE IN NEIGHBORHOODS I'VE TRAVELLED THROUGH WERE GLAD WHEN I FINALLY TOOK
OFF THE ELECTRONIC MONITORING DEVICE I WAS % WEARING TO TRANSMIT CONTINUOUS
ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS TO THE DOCTORS. EVERYTIME MY PULSE RATE INCREASED,
GARAGE DOORS WOULD OPEN.
IT'S ONE THING FOR BOTH ME AND BARBARA TO HAVE THE SAME THYROID CONDITION,
BUT I'LL CONSIDER IT TAKING TOGETHERNESS TOO FAR IF MY HAIR ALSO TURNS WHITE.
AS BARBARA SAID LAST NIGHT "DON'T SAY I'VE NEVER GIVEN YOU ANYTHING."
I DIDN'T MIND THE DOCTOR EXAMINING MY THYROID, BUT I WANTED TO MAKE SURE HE
WASN'T A DEMOCRAT BEFORE I LET HIM PUT - HIS HANDS AROUND MY THROAT.
WHEN I GOT INTO POLITICS I KNEW THERE WOULD BE TIMES WHEN I'D HAVE TO EAT CROW,
BUT I NEVER BARGAINED ON HAVING TO DRINK RADIOACTIVE IODINE.
AT LEAST THE RADIOACTIVE IODINE SERVED A PRACTICAL PURPOSE. I WANTED TO GO
RIGHT TO SLEEP LAST NIGHT BUT BARBARA WANTED TO READ, SO SHE USED MY GLOW AS
A NIGHT LIGHT.
I'LL TELL YOU SOMETHING ABOUT THAT RADIOACTIVE IODINE I HAD TO DRINK. IT MAY
HAVE BEEN "LESS FILLING," BUT IT DIDN'T "TASTE GREAT."
Webster
your
To
Peggy
To
5/9
Peggy
Date
Time 12:00
Date
Time
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M
Cathy Namara
M
Jack Clenk
of
Polyeonomics
of
US Dept of Edue
Phone 201-267-2515
Phone
401 1341 on 0413
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message
Message
JAC
Operator
Operator
AMPAD
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY®
23-023
CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
To
Peggy
To
Date
5/7
Time Ri10
Date
Time
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M Harper Wilson
M
of
1
of
Phone
324-2614
Phone
401-3026
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message
Message
Prisoia - 1763
public
Operator
fally mc Elray Operator
AMPAD
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY@
23-023 CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
To
Pegary
To
Peggy
Date
5/8
Time 10:15
Date
5/8
Time 9:00
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M
David Simon
M
David Watters
of
Justice Pep
of
Phone
514-3845
Phone
395 - 3583
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message
Message
Jap 520+ + 4 Tigers
Get EC 1
Operator
lxp
Operator
AMPAD
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY®
23-023
CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023
CARBONLESS
To
Peggy
To
Peggy
Date
5/7
Time 10:35
Date
5/9
Time 10:40
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M
Mr. Furse
M
David Simon
of
How photo Haspton
of
Justice Dep.
Phone
you have the #
Phone
514-3845
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message about Hempton Speech
Message
Operator
Operator
AMPAD
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY®
23-023
CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
To Pessy
To Prsy
Date 5-7
Time 4:55
Date
5-7 Time 4:55
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M Bill Taboya
M
Bob Bork
of
US made
of
703 640 1226
Phone
6120
Phone
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message
Message
JAG
DAC
Operator
Operator
AMPAD
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
To
Peggy
To
Pegary
Date
Time
Date
Time
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M
Kim Allston
M
Patty
of
Hempton Univ.
of
Dep of Educ
Phone 804 - 727 - 5754
Phone
401 - 3078
Area Code
Number
Extension
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message Corporations
Message
Desert Storm
5000
Jack Klenk
Ctr. for Choice
Mark James
401-1341
Carvel Lewis -
804/245-2825
Operator
Operator
AMPAD
727-5691
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY®
23-023 CARBONLESS
EFFICIENCY®
23-023
CARBONLESS