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Melbourne Business Lunch 1/3/92 [OA 8332] [1]
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Melbourne Business Lunch 1/3/92 [OA 8332] [1]
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S; 2003-0345-F; 2004-2265-S
S
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This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
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Speech File Backup Files
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Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13788
Folder ID Number:
13788-016
Folder Title:
Melbourne Business Lunch 1/3/92 [OA 8332] [1]
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26
22
1
6
2ND FACT-CHECK COPY
Smith/Aarhus
Draft Six
December 18, 1991
A:MELBLNCH
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: BUSINESS LUNCHEON
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
FRIDAY, JANUARY 3, 1991
[Acknowledgements.) Thank you for that introduction. Your
National Anthem speaks of a land "abound[ing] in Nature's gifts,
of beauty rich and rare. " // Barbara and I feel richer for the
rare privilege of being with you today.
Skippy the Bush Kangaroo, X and of course Greg Norman. // Greg XX may
/ (It is a pleasure to be in the country of Paul Hogan,
Christobel
-- but when I'm on the
or NEKIS
course I spend a lot more time in the water. )) //
((If I wasn't sure I was in Australia, it was confirmed
today when "Hail to the Chief" was replaced with "Tie Me Kangaroo
Down Sport. "// Actually, I like the song -- just as I do your
beautiful land known as "Bush Country." // Now, if I can just
get that description to apply to all 50 States back home. )) //
((I have also enjoyed this luncheon. // Earlier, someone
was kidding me about the menu. / He said the good news was that
flavoring had been added to the vegemite to make it more
appealing to Americans. / He said the bad news was that the
flavoring was broccoli. )) //
Ten years ago this May I first visited Australia to mark
X X XX X
"hristobel
the fortieth anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea. Last
June, former-Prime Minister Hawke made his fifth visit to
Washington, where we met in the Oval Office. / "What we want,"
2
he has said, "is not going to fall into our lap... The
obligation is to work together to get it. " //
I am here to talk of that work -- and how, together,
Australia and America can help to build a better world. We will
build it through liberty, and opportunity -- and through trade
that is both free and fair. // We will build it by using our
common culture and heritage, language and principles to promote
prosperity at home and democracy abroad. //
This morning, I visited the Australian War Memorial, where
the power of this alliance -- in Lincoln's words "crowded upon
my mind.
It evoke the memoiles af those
while Astea
World Wars I and II, Korea, Viet Nam, and xt the Persian Gulf --
There lie the X heroes who stood with America in
/christobel
Christobel
heroes who fought together to defend our ideals. // Our task now
is to join together to create a world where the force of law
outlasts the use of force. //
We term this the New World Order -- a world of peace and
human dignity. Its triumph is inevitable -- but only if
democracies are resolute. // Globally, you have encouraged this
by supporting a more engaged United Nations. Nearby, you helped
shape the framework for the Cambodia peace settlement agreed to
by warring factions -- and I assure you: Here, too, America is
your partner. We will not abandon the search for stability in
this region. //
( (More than 150 years ago, President Andrew Jackson
appointed J.H. Williams as the first American Consul here.
Arriving from Boston, Williams was greeted by a newspaper
3
article: "We welcome his arrival " read the Australian paper,
"as a pledge of increasing intimacy between the two countries,
from which mutual advantages may be expected to flow.
In the Persian Gulf conflict, those advantages served a
cause both right, and true. // You were quick to condemn the
Iraqi invasion / to endorse economic sanctions / and to send
ships to engage in the multi-national coalition. I thank you for
also sending medical teams and humanitarian relief to Kurds and
Iraqis fleeing Saddam's oppression. // Australia stood fast so
that decency could stand tall. This is no surprise. I remember
how, in 1984, you acted with equal dispatch to achieve the common
good. What you helped create -- the "Australia Group" -- today
has twenty-two member nations: each dedicated to preventing the
use and spread of chemical and biological weapons.
Australia believes that multilateral solutions can solve
global problems. So do I. // Fifty years ago, we found that
what happened in Europe and Asia could not be divorced from
America. Political isolationism doesn't work. // We must now
recall that lesson -- but this time in peace, not in war. // The X
Christobel
Australian statesman, Alfred Deakin, once said, "Next XXXX to our own
nation we place our kindred in America. He knew that we are all
members of the world community. // So we need to strengthen our
already steadfast commitment to Asia and the Pacific region --
increasing democracy, free expression, and, yes, free markets. //
In 1990
Already, the two-way trade between this region and XXX the U.S.
1990
Elaine Brown
X
totals over $300 billion. // I say: We can, and must, expand it.
USTR33
4
( (You know, we have to think of free trade like Australia
and that other Nation, my native Texas. // They show us how to
think big. // For instance, I'm impressed that the flag of
Australia is the only one to fly over a whole continent. // I'm
even more struck by the fact that Australia has more sheep than
people. That's impressive -- but Washington has more lawyers
than you have sheep.) ) //
In America, one-third of our GDP growth between 1986 and
1990 flowed from merchandise exports. To increase that growth
-- which means more jobs -- we need the cooperation that is a
cornerstone of the New World Order: The cooperation that will
increase free trade / open markets / and ensure jobs. // On the
other hand, we must reject the economic isolationism that's been
tried before -- and found wanting: The protectionism that will
close markets / ensure poverty / and cost jobs. // We can't go
down that dead-end street again, and won't: Not as long as I am
President. / /
In 1990, free trade helped our merchandise exports to
Economisa
Australia total $8.5 billion -- up nearly $200 million from 1989.
Aus.
I commend your policies to foster greater openness and
competitiveness in the economy. You xxx eliminated most import
X
quotas, X cut domestic subsidies and tariffs. // I also
applaud your efforts to strengthen the international economic
State
system spurring a regional effort to promote freer trade by
erasing trade barriers.
5
None of this has come easily -- but thanks to you, it's
come steadily. // I can sum up this trip's purpose in three
words: Jobs, jobs, jobs. So I am grateful that several years
ago, Australia helped create the Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation (APEC), a key economic forum. Since APEC's first
ministerial meeting in Canberra 2 years ago, it has mobilized the
support of all fifteen participants to push for progress in the
GATT Uruguay Round. / APEC members want to find ways to achieve
sustainable growth, increase employment, and preserve the
environment. So do we. We want the jobs that stem from economic
cooperation among Pacific Rim market economies, including the
United States. // Just as we need your help, so I pledge ours.
It is true our two Nations generally agree on goals. It is
also true that we sometimes differ on means. // One difference
is our use of the Export Enhancement Program (EEP) to counter the
agricultural subsidies of the European Community. Let me be
clear: I don't favor subsidy programs. They burden the taxpayer
/ reduce the benefits of free trade / and make industry less
competitive. / In the long run, they stifle growth and cost jobs.
I know negotiations on this issue will be difficult. Yet
let us show how the "Texas Two-Step" can meet "Waltzing Matilda. "
Christobel
// Recently, in an effort to defuse EEP tensions, an Australian
delegation visited our Department of Agriculture. We heard your
perspective on the current world market situation, and your plea
for sensitivity to Australian trade. / Australian officials have
expressed interest in holding follow-up talks early this year. I
6
hope that the long-term gain for Americans and Australians from a
successful Uruguay Round will outweigh the short-term pain. //
I have agreed to greater bilateral dialogue on this and
other economic issues. We will seek understanding in the future
as in the past. // We can be proud of working together over the
last five decades. Yet a record is not something to stand upon.
A record is something to build upon. //
We must expand our bilateral relationship in ways which
benefit our countries. // We both breathe the same air. So last
April, we agreed to pursue energy policies which will increase
exports while preserving our environment. // We know that
we will be launching
education is our most enduring legacy.
So yesterday we launched
the Australian Center for American Studies.
This new center will
expand bilateral links by developing programs of value to
business, education, and the universities. / We hope this center
will cause future generations to say of America and Australia, in
the words of a great hymn: "Blest be the ties that bind.' " //
These ties are economic, military, social, cultural. They
rest on shared values -- love of family, faith in God, pride in
country, love of the unknown. // The first pictures of Neil
Armstrong's adventure on the moon were beamed from Australia's
radio telescope at Parkes to a waiting world. Later, Apollo XV
was named "Endeavour" after Captain Cook's ship -- in the hope of
many future endeavors between our two Nations.
This new year, let's look forward to our next century
together. Let's expand the bonds of friendship for ourselves,
7
and our children. / Let's help them meet the challenges of their
time, as we have met ours: Building the peace / creating
opportunity / increasing the benefit of God's bounty for all.
Thank you very much, and may God bless the people of this great
land -- Australia.
# # #
October 30, 1991
MEMORANDUM FOR SPEECHWRITERS
RESEARCHERS
FROM:
JENNIFER GROSSMAN
SUBJECT:
ASIA PRE-ADVANCE RESEARCH
JAPAN
SCHEDULE
FRIDAY:
--arrival ceremony with Emperor (open press, troop
review), then courtesy call on Emperor at Imperial
Palace
-meeting with Prime Minister Miyazawa at Akasaka
Palace
-Imperial Banquet, Imperial Palace, after dinner toast
SATURDAY:
-tennis and breakfast with the Emperor
-visit Mita Senior High School (visit geography lab,
then nationally televised 5 min. remarks followed by
Q&A with students from around the world).
major speech at Japanese Diet, lower house. 15-20
minutes, focusing on the responsibilities of
interdependence, and maybe Japan's role in NWO.
brief remarks at Kodak R&D plant in Yokohama. First,
lunch with U.S. business leaders, Visit Kodak
Laboratory, then address to U.S. business leaders and
Kodak staff.
--one on one meeting with PM, then expanded bilaterals,
then joint press statement
welcoming reception at Hotel New Otani with brief
remarks to 2000 -- a kind of welcoming committee of
business leaders, politicoes, etc. Tone should be real
upbeat.
Dinner with PM at PM's residence, after dinner toast
SUNDAY:
private breakfast
Emperor makes goodbye call to POTUS
attend church (maybe)
Embassy greetings
AF1 to Kyoto, accompanied by PM
walking tour of Imperial Palace
lunch with PM at Omiya Palace, (Secretary Alexander
may simultaneously lunch with Stanford students and
JET, Japan English Teaching Program, teachers).
Walking tour of Omiya gardens. Brief remarks to
American and Japanese students.
may visit Nijo Castle
JAPAN
POLICY THEMES
Torkel Patterson of the NSC has advised me that while the
main focus of the President's trip here will obviously be on
trade issues, there will be a strong effort to tie in American
domestic concerns wherever possible. The context: the global
neighborhood; interdependence in communication/technology
revolutionized, politically post-modern (Pinkerton) new world
order.
Two challenges. One: selling a responsible trade policy
toward Japan back home, when the protectionist/isolationist
harangues from the right and left offer such politically
hysterical appeal. Two: eliciting concessions and continued
progress from the Japanese at a time when tolerance for continued
American Japan-bashing is reaching its limits.
A couple of notes on first challenge. Japanese buy more per
capita from America than Americans buy per capita from Japan (the
"trade deficit" as commonly heralded fails to account for
population ration, i.e. far greater U.S. pop than Japan pop).
The Japanese buy more from the United States than they buy from
the U.K., France, and Italy combined.
When addressing trade issues with the Japanese we might
stress "the opportunities and responsibilities of
interdependence." We want to challenge Japan to have the most
open market by the year 2000. (Incidentally, in technical terms,
tariff barriers for instance, Japan's market is more open than
ours. Impenetrability more often comes from hidden barriers ---
like regulation size paper or car manufacturing standards -- and
on Japanese consumer preferences for the familiar.) Anecdote:
Japan used to exclude American baseball bats because they didn't
carry the right seal, a seal only available to Japanese firms.
Encouraging continued Japanese progress on rectifying
environmental abuses: While industrializing, Japan was one of
the worst environmental offenders internationally. Since then,
they have made great strides in cleaning up their act. For
instance, all their taxicabs run on natural gas. While the
Japanese are generally willing to move forward on environmental
issues, intransigence stems from anxiety over "keeping your rice
bowl filled, i.e. concern over loss of jobs in professions with
incidental abuse (e.g. fishermen, tortoise shell craftsmen). The
Japanese usually ask for "transition time" to retrain, relocate
those put out of work by conservation measures, while we want
change "now. "
TOKYO SITES
1)
Imperial Palace: I was unable to go on this walk-through
but here's what I gather from other sources. The imperial
banquet will be held in a room called Homei-Den Hall. From
postcards, it looks kind of like a hotel ballroom, with some
kind of abstract Japanese painting of clouds on the wall.
This, apparently, is the way much of the palace looks. The
palace is actually only about 20 years old. The initial
greeting will take place in the Asahi-no-ma, or "Room of the
Rising Sun."
We had bombed the original Imperial Palace in World War
II; it was rebuilt in '69. The palace surrounds a huge
courtyard. The overriding characteristic of the place is a
vast emptiness -- large rectangular rooms with little or no
furniture, walls with sliding panels. The dining room table
will be a big U-shaped deal.
2)
Mita Senior High School: President will tour a couple of
classrooms, go to larger room with Mita students where he
will deliver brief remarks nationally televised. Then he
will field questions from students around the country via a
satellite hook-up. FYI: There's a concern that Japanese
students, generally not encouraged to participate or ask
questions in class, will be so awed by presidential presence
that they'l simply clam up. Perhaps there's some way
(joke? comparison to American students?) that we can
sensitively circumvent such a scenario.
School itself not much different looking from American
high schools. 1,100 students. Was founded as a public
girls' school in 1923. Became coed in 1950, renamed Tokyo
Public Mita Senior High School. In 1977, Mita opened a
class for students returning from abroad. On a couple of
bulletin boards I saw improvised scrawled student demands
manifestos, requesting more interesting classes, more
understanding teachers, etc. These were the work of such
returning students, who are generally more outspoken and
participatory than their colleagues.
While part of our purpose is to show admiration for
Japanese academic excellence, it's ironic that the Japanese
themselves are quite critical of their own system. They in
turn look to our institutions for inspiration. The Japanese
criticize their schools for their emphasis on rote
memorization, aversion to innovation, and lack of
encouragement for independent, critical analysis by their
students. Recently they even passed legislation to stop
Saturday schooling.
I suggest we deal with this by stressing a theme of "we
have so much to learn from each other," rather than, "we
have so much to learn from you. Moreover, we can touch on
several non-school factors that account for Japanese
academic excellence -- strong family support, recognition of
the link between learning and success, early engendered work
ethic, etc.
3)
Japanese Diet, lower house: parliamentary amphitheater
style hall with large balcony. Rich wood detailing and
carving. POTUS to address reps from podium. 500 Diet
members. See pictures. In the entrance hall/lobby, there
are four pedestals in each corner. Three support statues of
great Japanese statesmen/historical figures, the fourth is
left empty as a symbol of hope, i.e. looking forward to the
great statesmen to come.
4)
Kodak, Yokahama: POTUS will see several gee-whiz high tech
developments in progress, like a super high definition TV.
Brief remarks to Kodak staff. Kudos; America can compete;
appreciation for their hard work and investment; POTUS is
taking steps to improve America's competitiveness.
5)
Prime Minister's residence: unable to go on walkthrough.
CONTACTS: -Blair Hall of AmEmbTokyo, (03) 3224-5336
--Hiroshi Furusana, MOFA 3581-3802
KYOTO SITES
1)
Kyoto Imperial Palace (FYI, I don't think there are any
remarks) : Originally built as the Emperor's second palace,
Kyoto Imperial Palace was used as the Imperial Palace from
1331-1867 after the original main palace burnt down. The
Imperial Throne and the August Seat of the Empress, still
used for coronations, are located here. Each rests on a
platform, and is covered with an octagonal canopy, decorated
with a large phoenix and eight small phoenixes.
The last "Ceremony of the Enthronement of His Majesty
the Emperor at the Seiden" took place in the Imperial Palace
on November 12, 1990
2)
Omiya Palace: remarks to students should focus on building
bridges between our two countries through education, facing
the future together. See proverbs.
Some of the students are with the Stanford Japan
Center, established by Stanford University, "for the purpose
of educating future generations of Americans about Japan.
The Center also will provide an institutional link between
American and Japanese research in science, technology, and
social science with the aim of opening up crucial channels
of information and by embarking on new cooperative
initiatives in research between the two nations."
2)
Nijo Castle (again, no remarks) : The castle was originally
built in 1603 to be the official Kyoto residence of the
first Tokugawa Shogun Ieyasu, and it was completed in 1626
by the third Shogun Iemitsu. The lavishly decorated castle
stands as a symbol of the power of the Tokugawa military
government. It contains the famous "Nightingale Corridor,"
whose floors are designed to creak with birdlike noises when
tread upon, thus foreboding an enemy approach.
JAPANESE COLOR:
1)
Finding humor is difficult. Most people I've spoken to say
that the Japanese aren't big on jokes, humor. Moreover,
they will not know to laugh if POTUS tells a joke.
2)
The "Japan Series" (similar to our 'world series') in
baseball has just started. This years favorites are the
Hiroshima Carp and the Seibu Lions.
3)
Sumo wrestling is Japan's national sport. Recently an
exhibition tournament was held in London. Two very popular
wrestlers are a pair of American brothers from Hawaii --
Konishiki, who's the biggest Sumo wrestler (600 lbs), and
Ake Bono, who's the tallest. Who knows, maybe we could make
a joke about "gross national products" to an American
audience -- large American exports.
4)
American movies, rock, and rap music are very popular.
Disneyland opened in Japan 6 years ago; Japanese love Mickey
Mouse.
5)
Karaoke is a popular Japanese social activity. Literally
meaning "empty orchestra," karaoke bars play music without
lyrics so that the patrons can star on vocals. Maybe
there's a joke about Barbara wanting to go Karaoke.
6)
Women control the finances in Japanese families -- when to
buy the car, when to invest, etc. The husband often asks
his wife for money for his expenses; this allowance is
called "Kozu Kai." Maybe POTUS can say, "I wanted to buy
some souvenirs, but Barbara cut my kozu kai."
7)
of all their qualities, Japanese are proudest of their
perseverance, endurance, called "gamman." They rate harmony
as highest on their scale of social values.
8)
Relevant to Omiya in Kyoto: a handbook called A Look into
Japan tells us "The Japanese garden is designed to be a
faithful representation of nature and to impart a sense of
simple, unspoiled beauty."
9)
December 23 is the Emperor's birthday.
10) The speechwriting god (Curt, sit down) : Benten, one of the
seven deities of good fortune, is the goddess of eloquence,
music and wisdom.
11)
"Banzai," literally meaning 'ten thousand years, is the
Japanese equivalent of 'three cheers.' It's usually
expressed at the high point or end of a celebration.
12) Japanese proverbs:
"The past is not to be blamed." (Ki-o wa togamezu) English
parallel would be: "let bygones be bygones."
"The lantern-bearer should go ahead." (Chochin-mochi wa saki
ni tate) Meaning, he who bears the light, whether material,
intellectual, or spiritual, should lead the way.
"A treasure decaying in one's hands.' (Takara no mochi-
kusare) Meaning, those with talent or money should but them
to good use, or else they will rot away.
"To the upper hand there is an upper hand.' (Uwate ni wa
uwate ari). In other words, everyone has to answer to
someone. Maybe there's a first lady joke in here.
"Seven falls and eight rises. (Nana-korobi-ya-oki)
Perseverance will win in the end.
"There are no national frontiers to learning." (Gakumon ni
kokkyo nashi) i.e. scholarship knows no boundaries.
"To study penmanship at eighty." (Hachiju no te-narai)
Meaning, it's never too late to learn. Could apply to
lifelong learning, or joke on POTUS computer lessons.
"Books are preserved minds." (Shomotsu wa hozon-sareta
kokoro nari) Reminiscent of Highet quote, 'Books aren't
lifeless lumps of paper, but minds alive on a shelf.'
KOREA
POLICY THEMES
Korea wants to have its cake and eat it too. On one hand,
it wants to have a close relationship with U.S., play the big
league with the big boys. On the other hand, it claims the
fragility of a developing economy to justify protectionist
policies. We think they're strong enough to forgo such a
handicap, with ultimately hampers true growth on both sides.
(Note: GB visited Korea after he went to Hirohito's funeral)
Politics: Korea only recently became democratized. We want
to encourage democracy, praise them for ongoing efforts and
progress in that direction.
(War) Heads up: North Korea is developing a nuclear weapon.
There are fears of his becoming the region's Saddam Hussein.
This issue requires some delicacy because a) we support
reunification and b) South Koreans regard their northern
neighbors as brethren. Kim Il Sung, the 82 year old "Great
Leader" of North Korea, will pass the reigns to his son, Kim Jung
Il, widely regarded as less than competent. Fears of a military
coup against the latter complicate the situation.
POTUS SCHEDULE
SUNDAY:
--AF1 to Korea for 3:30 arrival
wreath laying ceremony at National Cemetery, no
remarks
--American community greetings at Collier Field House
--private dinner with President Roh at the Blue House
MONDAY:
-breakfast with US and Korean business community at
Hotel Shilla, 5-10 min. remarks (themes similar to
Kodak speech: U.S. can compete, we're working together
to expand trade, importance of GATT
--Arrival ceremony at Blue House
--one on one with President Roh, expanded bilaterals,
joint press statement at Blue House
--State Luncheon at Blue House hosted by Korean
President, after lunch toast
-Address to the National Assembly, 15 minutes
-travel to Camp Casey, press the flesh with American
soldiers, 5 min. remarks. Jovial, what a great job
you're doing, last of the front lines type speech.
Acknowledge difficulty of 1 year unaccompanied tour
SITES
1)
Blue House: not on walkthrough, but the scoop as far as I
know is that the Blue House is the official residence of the
President of ROK. The Blue House was constructed in 1927 as
the Japanese government's residence for its Governor-
General. It occupies the grounds of the Yi-Koong palace of
the Koryo Dynasty.
In '48, when ROK was established, the building was
designated the Presidential Residence. After the student
revolution of 1960, it was renamed Chong Wa Dae (Blue Tile
House), a name derived from its unique blue roof tiles.
2)
National Assembly: not on walkthrough, but apparently it's
your usual, rococo, elaborate parliamentary style. I'm told
there's a large symbol behind where POTUS will be standing:
the Flower of Eternal Life framing a Korean character.
The Assembly building is located on Yoido, a large
island on the Han River. Completed in 1975, it houses
offices, meeting rooms, and the Assembly's library. The
current National Assembly is composed of 299 members from
two political parties. It is the thirteenth National
Assembly since the founding of the Republic in 1948. The
Assembly Speaker is Park, Jyun Kyu.
3)
Camp Casey: not on walkthrough, but this base houses U.S.
servicemen on a one-year unaccompanied tour. Their duty is
an uneasy vigil at one of the world's last front lines.
Part of their work is to patrol the DMZ (demilitarized zone)
often camping out in no man's land.
While we honor the returning heroes of Desert Storm, we
should remember also courage and commitment of our men in
Korea -- whose courage and commitment often go
unacknowledged. POTUS should recognize the difficulty of a
one year unaccompanied tour; Camp Casey is what is commonly
referred to as a "hardship post. "
CONTACTS: --AmEmbSeoul, 82-2-732-2106
COLOR
1)
Koreans, I'm told, like the Japanese, would have trouble
knowing how to respond to a joke by POTUS. One way,
however, to break the ice and establish rapport, would be to
mention family --- his family, the American family, family
values, whatever.
2)
POTUS was here in '89, and also in '82 as vice president.
SINGAPORE
POLICY THEMES
Singapore is the only ASEAN country we'll visit -- therefore
we'll want to touch on issues common to those countries. (ASEAN
is made up of Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, and the
Phillippines.) Singapore is our strongest ally in the region.
Singaporeans welcome us as a balance to Japanese investment.
They have a longstanding fear that Japan eyes them with military
interest.
We'll want to talk about South East Asia and Cambodia,
setting the stage for future dealings with Viet Nam. Instability
in the region: Thailand just had a coup, Burma has a
dictatorship. Cambodia, however, is soon to have UN sanctioned
elections. Ultimately, we'll want to resolve the POW/MIA
question -- an issue some unscrupulous people in the are have
exploited for profit. Resolution will require that Viet Nam be
completely open so we can scrutinize all the records. Until we
get to the bottom of POW/MIA, we can't really say that Viet Nam
is truly over.
I believe there are also some human rights concerns in
Singapore itself.
POTUS SCHEDULE
MONDAY:
--AF1 to Singapore
TUESDAY: --Breakfast meeting at Raffles with U.S. ambassadors to
ASEAN countries, no formal remarks
--Arrival ceremony at Istana Palace
POTUS makes courtesy call on President and Mrs. Wee
Kim Wee at the Istana Palace
--meeting with Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong, then
expanded bilaterals
--15 min. speech at lecture series to the
Singapore/American Business community, held in Westin
Hotel (Security and Trade: U.S. engagement in the
Peter PUSTR Collins
region; importance of working together towards the
x3430
future)
-Business Roundtable meeting at Hewlett-Packard, no
formal remarks
-groundbreaking ceremony for new American Chancery,
embassy greetings type remarks
courtesy call on Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew.
State Dinner at Istana Palace hosted by President Wee
Kim Wee, after dinner toast
WEDNESDAY: view static display at Changi airport
AF1 to Australia
SITES
1)
Raffles Hotel (just FYI, no formal remarks planned at this
point). Wrote Rudyard Kipling, "Feed at Raffles when
visiting Singapore." Established in 1887, the hotel
symbolizes the exotic charm and colonial nostalgia often
associated with the area. The hotel was named after Sir
Stamford Raffles, founder of modern Singapore in 1819.
Celebs who added their aura to Raffles': Joseph Conrad,
Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, Somerset Maugham, Nowel
Coward, and sundry sultans, kings, and politicians. Raffles
embodied colonial high life: tea-dances, Charleston, jazz
bands, and billiards. Raffles is the birthplace of the
Singapore Sling. In 1902, the last tiger to be shot in
Singapore was pursued in Raffles, and finally dispatched
under the Bar & Billiard Room.
The hotel was declared a protected monument in 1987.
2)
Westin Hotel: the hotel is supposedly the tallest hotel in
the world. The lecture series in which the President takes
part is designed to give political, academic, and financial
eminentoes the opportunity to visit Singapore and mouth off.
Singapore gets to bask in their wisdom.
The series, inaugurated in 1980, is organized by the
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Previous speakers
include Henry Kissinger, Milton Friedman, Brian Mulroney,
Raymond Barre, and Giscard D'Estang. 1,500-2,000 will
attend speech.
3)
Groundbreaking ceremony for new American Chancery: this
event will basically take the place of Embassy
Greetings/American community remarks. Projected completion
for new embassy is 1995-6. 150-200 embassy staff, loads of
Singaporean schoolchildren. 2,000 guests in all. Site is
basically just a hill. Use your imagination. Building
metaphors applied to broader scope of U.S.-Singapore
relations might be appropriate.
The U.S. Ambassador in Singapore is Robert Orr. DCM is
Arthur Kobler.
4)
Istana Palace: previously called Government House, the
Istana was built in 1869 to house the British Governor of
LOC.
Singapore. The grounds had been the nutmeg estate of
Charles Robert Princep. A statue of Queen Victoria was
installed in the drawing room to mark her jubilee in 1889.
Queen Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh stayed there in
February 1972. The edifice itself looks like a cross
between a mini-Versailles and a southern plantation.
Adorning the entry foyer are a matching set of tusks
presented by the Sultan of Singapore to the British
government.
The staff of the President, the Cabinet Office, and a
section of the Prime Minister's office work at the Istana.
CONTACTS: --DCM, AmEmbSingapore, Arthur Kobler, 338-0251, ext.
217
--USIS, Dennis Donahue, 244-5233
COLOR
1)
Singapore is a country of many races, languages and
cultures. The population is made up of Chinese, Malays,
Indians and Eurasians. Harmonious multiculturalism. One
often hears the phrase, "many races, one people." Maybe we
can make some "E Pluribus Unum" connection.
2)
The first American consul in Singapore, Joseph Balestier,
came to the area in 1834 and took up his post in 1837 --
inaugurating 154 years of diplomatic relations. His wife,
Maria Revere Balestier, was the daughter of Paul Revere.
Balestier's memory lives on in a bell, now in
Singapore's National Museum, cast in Boston's Revere Works.
Mrs. Balestier, presented the bell to the original Church of
St. Andrew.
3)
American Embassy Singapore suggests a Pearl Harbor footnote
to our Singapore stop: POTUS will be at Pearl Harbor on
Saturday, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Japanese
attack, and honoring the resultant 2,400 Americans dead or
missing. We might also remember that on the same day, but
on Singapore's side of the international dateline, the war
began for the Philippines, for Thailand, for Malaysia, and
for Singapore. Bombers appeared over Clark Field and over
Singapore. Ground troops landed at Songkhla and Pattani
(Thailand) and at Kota Baharu (Malaya). Singapore did not
then have an army (British and Australian forces were
there) ; Singaporeans who were either killed or injured were
civilians.
4)
Singaporean suffrage is universal and compulsory.
5)
Orchids are a major Singaporean product (and they're
beautiful).
6)
While there is no compulsory education in Singapore,
attendance is 94% and the literacy rate is over 87%.
7)
POTUS and FLOTUS visited Singapore when Bush was Vice
President.
8)
When the President called Orr to offer him the
ambassadorship, one of his selling points was to tell the
future ambassador how comfy the Residence is. (Orr was
previously Governor of Indiana).
9)
Quayle was here on May 22.
10) The origin of the name "Singapore" comes from the 13th
century's appellation of "Singapura," meaning "Lion City."
AUSTRALIA
POLICY THEMES
The last President to go down under was LBJ, 21 years ago.
Australia feels left out. They've been a strong ally -- there in
WWII, there in Nam, there in the Gulf. The Australians have been
very grateful to us for saving them from the Japanese in WWII.
But those warm feelings are now being tried by their anger over
trade policies (agricultural subsidies).
Oops on EEPS: Our Economic Enhancement Programs (an American
domestic subsidy so that we can export our products abroad at a
lower price) and the EC's strict protectionist policies have left
Aussies demonstrably furious -- riots, strikes. Need some
stroking action. POTUS needs to show himself as a champion of
free trade, "that's why the Uruguay round is so important," blah,
blah. Hopefully we'll have GATT progress we can highlight by
that time.
Generally, stress "harmony/kinship with the Australians."
CANBERRA
POTUS SCHEDULE
WED. DEC 4:
--arrival ceremony
THUR., DEC 5:
--Embassy greetings, hosted at Ambassador
Sembler's residence
--luncheon hosted by Prime Minister in Australian
Parliament Building's Great Hall. Toasts after
lunch; PM's toast/speech will be 5-10 mins., intro
POTUS for 3-5 mins. (may have to stretch if PM's
speech is longer).
--15-20 min. remarks to Australian Parliament
--meeting with Australian academic community;
talking points (don't know if we're responsible)
--Australian War Memorial
--Governor General Hayden's State Dinner at the
Government House
--RON Canberra
SITES
1)
Embassy Greetings: The Ambassador's Residence is 50 years
old, as are formal Australian-American diplomatic relations.
The ground lease for the mansion was signed while the
Japanese were bombing Australia. The house was built during
the war, and completed in 1943. Mrs. Roosevelt had a
personal interest here, and came out after the building's
completion to plant a tree.
The current Ambassador to Australia is Mr. Mel Sembler.
Ambassador and Mrs. Sembler are from Treasure Island,
Florida. In addition to the Embassy in Canberra, the U.S.
has three Consulates General in Australia -- one in Sydney,
Melbourne and Perth -- and a Consulate in Brisbane. There
is also a Consular Agent in Adelaide.
2)
Address to Australian Parliament:
The building itself is a striking postmodern palace,
designed by Roman Giurgola, and completed for the Australian
Bicentennial in 1988. The structure incorporates many
symbolic features which strive to reflect certain Australian
values, and resonate with Australian history, geography, and
culture.
For instance, on one side the earth, rather than
meeting the building at a right angle, runs gradually from a
distance and at an angle right up to the buildings peak
flagpole. This design twist represents the accessibility
and accountability of Australian government -- that the
government are subservient to those they serve.
Another example: in the forecourt of the Parliament,
along the walkway POTUS will follow, is a mandelic mosaic
design called "Meeting Place" which represents a meeting
place for all races and cultures. The work also celebrates
Australia's earliest settlers, so it is appropriate that an
Aboriginal artist, Michael Nelson Tjakamara, was asked to
create the centerpiece. It's pointillist strokes are
reminiscent of his tribes sand paintings.
Also neat: one of the original copies of the Magna
Carta is housed in the Parliament building.
POTUS will be greeted by the PM, walk up to the mosaic
in the middle, walk over and shake some Australian hands.
He then goes to lunch (check) in the Great Hall with the
ugly tapestry.
Parliament speech: POTUS starts out, "Thank you, Mr.
Speaker." (Speaker is Leo McLeay. Speech is not
teleprompted. House of Representatives: amphitheater-
like, modern, bathroom-tile-green. NOTE: this will be the
first time a foreign head of state has addressed a joint
session of parliament -- ever (POTUS should stress what a
great honor it is).
VERY IMPORTANT: We were going to do an event with the
Australia/USA Parliamentary Group which has now been cut --
so a specific reference should be included as to who they
are, what they do, kudos. The group is not a standing
committee or anything like that, just an association of
upper and lower house parliamentarians working to promote
US-Australian friendship ties. The group was formed under
the auspices of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Australian
National Group in May '88. The bipartisan group is the most
active of all Parliamentary Friendship groups. For more
info, contact: Nonda on MP Eamon Lindsay's staff at 077-
724844.
3)
Australian War Memorial: (No remarks, just FYI) Built
roughly in the shape of a Byzantine church, the memorial is
the most popular tourist attraction in the nation's capital.
Event will take place in the rectangular, central
courtyard, which includes a commemorative stone, a pool of
reflection, the Eternal Flame, a commemorative area, and
then, enclosed, the Hall of Memory. The dome inside the
Hall bears a radial pattern which represents the spirits of
the war dead rising towards the central circle (heaven).
The memorial also contains a museum, whose galleries
evoke and explain the Australian experience of war.
Australians in combat: New Zealand (1860), Sudan (1885),
South Africa (1899-1902), China (1900-01), WW1 (1914-18),
WWII (1939-45), Korea (1950-53), Malaya (1950-60), Malaysia
(1963-66), Vietnam (1962-72), Persian Gulf (1991) -- we
might remember that the Aussies responded immediately in the
Gulf, needing no prompting.
Plaque in memorial reads: "The Australian War Memorial
commemorates those 100,000 Australians who have died in war
and recalls the service and sacrifice of all Australians in
wartime." Also, museum holds a mini-copy of Eugeni
Vouchetich's famous statue, "Beat the swords into
ploughshares." NOTE: Australian repatriation hospitals are
still treating men wounded in WWI. 496 Australians died in
Viet Nam; 2,398 were wounded.
4)
(no remarks, just FYI) After dinner, when POTUS toasts, the
only thing he says is: "Ladies and Gentlemen, Her Majesty
the Queen of Australia," in response to the Governor
General's "Ladies and Gentlemen, the President of the United
States of America." Hayden is Queen Elizabeth's
representative; there is a such a representative in each of
the 6 Australian states (Australia is a commonwealth).
Governor Generals are Australian citizens; their posts are
purely ceremonial. Hayden is Australia's former Foreign
Minister.
The Government House is an old cattle "station," or
property. It is a simple, classical mansion on the rim of
Lake Burley Griffin.
CONTACTS: Lew Luchs, Media Counsellor, AmEmbCanberra, 270-5872
--Ray Burson, USIS, (062) 705966
-Marilyn Meyers, DCM, 270-5000
-AmEmbCanberra, after hours, 270-5900
SYDNEY
POTUS SCHEDULE
FRIDAY (DEC. 6th) :
--noon arrival at Sydney airport (QANTAS Jet Base)
--Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre: 12:30-12:45
pre-lunch reception with South Wales Premier Grenier's
50 guests, 1:00 p.m. State Luncheon with remarks after
remarks and intro by Premier, 15-20 mins., 1,000 guests
--post-lunch reception with Australian American Coral
Sea Commemorative Council
--visit Australian National Maritime Museum, visit
American Gallery, brief remarks in dedication of
museum.
--harbor cruise on John Cadman III to Sydney Opera
House
--press conference at Sydney Opera House
--over to Kirribilli House for dinner?
-RON Sydney
SITES
1)
State Luncheon at Convention Centre: Both anthems played,
grace said, lunch served. After lunch, Premier Grenier
speaks then intros POTUS. Audience will be a cross-section
of the New South Wales Community. Centre is beautiful, yet
modern and antiseptic. Themes focus on our trade, joint
longterm commitments, the global marketplace, the coming
century, thread of education, etc.
If we touch on Asian topics, we might note that, for
more than a year, Australia has taken a leading role in
seeking a comprehensive solution to the Cambodian conflict
under UN auspices.
2)
Australian National Maritime Museum: Present are Prime
Minister and Mrs. Hawke, Chairman and Mrs. Doyle, Premier
and Mrs. Grenier, Ambassador and Mrs. Sembler. The event
serves as the official opening and USA Gallery Dedication.
2-3 min. remarks required, after brief remarks by Prime
Minister.
The building occupies a waterfront site on an arm of
Sydney Harbor, described by Mark Twain as "the darling of
Sydney and the wonder of the world." The sweeping curves of
the museum's white painted roof are reminiscent of waves,
clouds, and sails. It's interior is kind of split-level,
post-modern white. Almost warehouse looking, with hanging
mobiles and high ceilings. Out front, next to the museum's
sign, is a large mobile with fluctuating signal flags, the
kind used for intership communication. In one section is a
model of the Endeavor, presented as a gift by Queen
Elizabeth. The Endeavor was the ship commanded by Captain
Cooke when he discovered Australia. Also, there's a section
with surfboards (joke material?)
The American Gallery was our 1988 bicentennial gift to
Australia. Here, POTUS will unveil a plaque and then
briefly tour the gallery. The opening exhibit is called:
"Linked by the Sea," and that name is carved into the wall.
It explores the similar origins of our two countries. We
might use that as a theme, touching upon how our two
maritime traditions, among many other bonds, help contribute
to our mutual sense of kinship. One of the most powerful
links: The Australian and US navies fought side by side to
turn back the Japanese military advance in WWII. Five
months after the outbreak of war in the Pacific, the Battle
of the Coral Sea in May 1942 was a crucial strategic victory
for the allies, and the first reverse for the Imperial
Japanese Army.
FUN FACTS:
*Australia has a long maritime heritage,
going back at least 50,000 years to the
probable arrival of the first humans from
Asia.
*There were three Americans on board Endeavor
when Cook discovered the east coast of
Australia in 1770 (but they were British
loyalists).
*The first foreign merchant vessel to arrive
in New South Wales was a US ship with a
welcome cargo of rum and other supplies.
*The first person to ride a surfboard in
Australia was a Hawaiian -- Duke Kahanamoku.
****Note: The exhibit houses two periscopes, one of
which is from the same class of submarine as the one which
collected the President after he was shot down in WWII.
More information is on the way via fax.
CONTACTS: --Margaret Eubank, Public Affairs Officer (USIS) 261-
9244
--Consulate General (after hours) 963-1209
--Ian Wilcock, Asst. Sec. Americas Branch, Australian
Dept. of Foreign Affairs and Trade, (06) 261-2711
--John Wade, Sr. Curator, Australian National Maritime
Museum, (02)552-7728
AUSTRALIA COLOR
(among other materials, files include extensive info on above
sites, speech excerpts from American Ambassador Sembler
GENERAL
1) Australians in film: Errol Flynn, Mel Gibson, Paul Hogan
(one of screenwriters and main actor in "Crocodile Dundee),
Dean Semler (cinematographer of "Dances with Wolves.")
2) Australians in music: Olivia Newton John, Men At Work, Bee
Gees.
3) Washington Post cartoonist Patrick Oliphant is from
Australia.
4) James Tuckey, a lieutenant aboard the ship which took the
first unwilling settlers into Port Phillip Bay (the future
Melbourne) in 1803 wrote:
"I beheld a second Rome rising from a coalition of banditti.
I beheld it giving laws to the world, and superlative in
arms and in arts, looking down with proud superiority upon
the barbarous nations of the northern hemisphere."
5) Maybe POTUS could do a joke about vegemite, or vegemite
sandwiches. There's potential for humor in the fact that
Australians love the stuff while we think it's yucho. Maybe
at a luncheon, "Despite our many similarities, Americans
have never really developed a taste for your vegemite. In
fact, when I asked about today's menu, I was assured -- no
vegemite. \ Actually, I was worried about the broccoli."
6) On Australian TV there's a very famous show called, "Skippy
the Bush Kangaroo." Everyone knows about Skippy, he's kind
of equivalent to our Lassie. Maybe a joke about, "I hear
that here in Australia, you have 'Skippy the Bush Kangaroo.'
Well, back home we have 'Millie the Bush Canine. (Tony
Mauro: Millie the Bush Scoobydoo). Or, "I was a little
nervous about playing golf here, what with all the kangaroos
running around. \ Fortunately, I've got Skippy on my side."
7) In May 1836, President Jackson appointed J.H. Williams as
the first American Consul in Australia. The "Colonist," a
newspaper of the day, welcomed his arrival, praising America
thus: "Scarcely is there a sea which their ships do not
plough, or a port in which they do not ride..." (maybe for
Maritime Museum?)
8)
"The Australians did not seem to me to differ noticeably
from Americans, either in dress, carriage, ways
or
general
appearance."
--Mark Twain, 1895.
9)
Another link between Australia and the United States during
the 19th century: from 1897-1898, Herbert Hoover, later to
become the 31st U.S. President, worked in Western Australia
as a young mining engineer.
10) "Next to our own nation we place our kindred in America."
--Alfread Deakin, 1905 (Australian statesman?)
11) In September 1918, Australian and American troops fought
alongside each other in the main attack on the Hindenburg
Line which ended World War I, a battle experience to be
shared again in WWII, Korea and Vietnam.
12) In 1969, an Australian radio telescope and an American
antenna brought us the historic television pictures of the
first manned landing on the moon. The picture everyone
remembers -- Neil Armstrong's leg searching for the surface
-- was first seen in a tracking station briefing room near
Canberra. As a compliment to Australia, NASA in 1971 named
Apollo 15 "Endeavor after Captain Cook's Endeavor.
13) Australia's coat of arms consist of a shield containing the
badges of the 6 states. The supporters are native
Australian fauna -- a kangaroo and an emu. A yellow-
flowered native plant, wattle, also appears in the design.
14) Note: Australia taxes capital gains. (Individuals and
companies pay at different rates)
15) Bush has called the Australian-American relationship "an
intimate partnership between two peoples."
16) In the Persian Gulf, the first combined boarding to enforce
UN resolutions was by the USS Brewton and the HMAS Darwin.
17) 300,000 US tourists visit Australia annually.
18) "It will be a very poor day when little Australia won't be
able to summon up its traditional impudence by looking at
the U.S. and saying, 'What do you mean, you big stiff?'"
--Sir Robert Menzies in the Sydney Morning Herald,
27 June 1964. (Possible rejoinder: "Well,
Australia is not all that little, and I hope that
America is not all that stiff." Could be relevant
re. trade disputes)
19) "You must be the most beautiful people in the world."
--Duke Ellington, in the Sydney Morning Herald, 7
Feb. 1970.
20) Every year, America sends a high level delegation to
participate in the Coral Sea Commemoration. Dan Quayle was
here in '89 and Bush was here in '82.
21) Rugby and Cricket are Australian national pastimes. Rugby's
World Cup will be over by the end of October. It will be
the first time an American team has participated.
22) One of the most popular Australian television shows is
called "The Flying Doctor." Joke potential? LA Law is the
most popular American TV show here. The Civil War series
was also very popular.
CANBERRA
1)
American architect Walter Burley Griffin designed
Australia's capital. Griffin was from Chicago; studied
under Frank Lloyd Wright.
2)
Canberra is known as "The Bush Capital." I think there is
joke potential here, e.g. 'I know Australians and Americans
are close, but you didn't have to name your capital after
me.')
3)
Canberra's detractors often refer to the capital as
"Monumentsville," "a city without a mind," "the city of the
gray flannel mind, and "a great waste of sheep country."
Canberra's fans call her "the garden city of the
Commonwealth" or "the front window of the nation." They
also say that "to know Canberra is to love it.'
4)
The name "Canberra" comes from "Canberry," an Aboriginal
word meaning "meeting place."
5)
In Canberra, the kangaroos have a habit of falling people's
swimming pools (don't worry, they don't drown) joke
potential?
6)
Australia has the 10 most popular snakes in the world,
starting with the Death Adder.
7)
POTUS visit coincides with the annual advent of fly season.
Aussies are constantly waving off the insects, a gesture so
common it's nicknamed the "Australian Wave." Maybe POTUS
can joke: "Australians have a reputation for warmth and
hospitality. In fact when I got off the plane, I told
Barbara how flattered I was that they were all waving to me.
She said, 'Sorry to burst your bubble, George, but it's fly
season.
8)
Kangaroos abound on tennis courts, golfing greens. Maybe
there's a joke about POTUS asking PM what kind of penalty
you get for hitting a roo.
SYDNEY
1)
In the bay cradled by Darling Harbor stands a little rook
named Fort Denison. It was built in the 1840's to keep
Americans away at a time when the colonists in Sydney were
concerned about possible American aggression springing from
Anglo-American contention. It's a cute, little-known fact,
which reflects the loyalty of the early Australian colony.
2)
During World War II, Japanese submarines actually made it in
to Sydney Harbor. This illustrates what a mortal threat
Japan posed at the time, and provides a sharp contrast with
present relations.
3)
Looking out upon Sydney Harbor, the eye is drawn to the
Pacific horizon. Given our policy themes, we might want to
talk about Australia's "window on the Pacific,"
geographically as well as politically and economically.
3)
Aside from the Sydney Opera House, the Sydney Harbor Bridge
is also considered a famous symbol of the City.
4)
On the state crest of South Wales appear a latin motto that
translated means: "Newly Risen, How Brightly We Shine."
HONOLULU
THEMES:
The stop centers around the 50th Commemoration of Pearl
Harbor. We want to recognize the sacrifice of those
who lost their lives and those who lost their loved
ones on December 7, 1941. Lt. Gen. Fields talked of
creating a realization for the American people that the
attack changed America forever. We went from being an
isolationist nation to an international superpower.
POTUS SCHEDULE
FRI, 12/6:
--evening AF1 to Honolulu
SAT, 12/7:
--7:30 helo to naval base, barge to USS Arizona
for memorial ceremony. Presidential honors, brief
remarks by Admiral Larson, Rear Admiral White,
Moment of Silence, ship whistle, missing man
flyover, national anthem, flag raising, 5 min.
remarks.
--8:20 depart for K-8 (Kilo 8, it's like a pier),
honors arrival, Joo intros POTUS, remarks 15-20
mins.
--9:00 depart for Hickam AFB, proceed to Kenney
Conference room for brief remarks to Asian
Ambassadors (in Honolulu attending annual meeting
of Chiefs of Missions Conference).
--depart Honolulu
SITES
1)
USS Arizona: The memorial itself is a bier-like structure,
white, with open windows on the sky. Supported above the
water, it straddles the midsection of the sunken Arizona,
whose bow and stern are marked by buoys. Toward the back of
the memorial is a chapel-like enclosure housing a wall with
all the names of Arizona's drowned. POTUS's back will be to
this wall, in front of him is a cutaway section in the
memorial's floor, where one can peer down on the submerged
starboard.
Remarks here are brief, as they are part of a larger,
hour-long ceremony. Here, as in the longer speech,
acknowledgments are key: both sites are far too small to
accommodate the vast number of veterans, families, and
guests. POTUS will be introduced by a survivor.
Acknowledgements should be handled with care to make sure
that no group (particular ship vets, vet organizations,
etc.) are slighted.
In particular, while the memorial is for the Arizona,
mentions should be made of USS Utah. The two downed ships
are the only that have people entombed in them (1, 177 went
down with the Arizona, 58 went down with the Utah). Also,
while the longer speech contains a more general Pearl Harbor
focus, the memorial speech should be more specific to those
who went down with the Arizona and other ships, more of a
naval aspect.
Notes on the Arizona:
*One-third of all those who died at Pearl Harbor went down
with the Arizona.
*USS Arizona is still commissioned.
*USS Nevada, there during the attack, will be in port to
take part in the ceremony.
*Over 34 sets of brothers were killed on the Arizona.
*While I was there, I saw old women throwing leis in the
water; they were crying. I'm told Japanese visitors also
make their own pilgrimage to give leis.
*There is still oil leaking from the wreck; its viscous
iridescence coats the water under and around the memorial.
*In the same harbor as the memorial is the Bowfin -- the
sister submarine to the one that picked up POTUS when shot
down.
*It's possible that commemoration will include the same
vintage plane that POTUS flew in WWII.
*Sec. Cheney might take part in the day's events.
To come: I'm having faxed extensive detail on the memorial,
a history of the attack, letters sent by those aboard
Arizona shortly before it was bombed, letters written by
family members of the fallen, letters written by contrite
Japanese, survivor quotes on reconciliation, and more.
Research: get book, The Day of Infamy. Also, look for
recent Approach magazine with Bush on cover; it has a
detailed description of his involvement in WWII.
2)
Major speech at K-8: Kilo 8 is a fairly nondescript pier,
though apparently they'll fix it up for the commemoration.
These longer remarks will be teleprompted. POTUS will be
speaking with his back to the water, historical battleship
row, and then Ford Island. Behind his right shoulder is the
Arizona, behind his left, the Missouri. Note: look at
above, Arizona info for color, etc.
3)
Remarks to Asian Ambassadors: Conference room within AFB
administrative building. Building exterior retains strafed
pocks of Japanese attack. Remarks are kind of wrap up of
themes and policy objectives of whole Asia swing. Asst.
Secretary for East Asia Solomon is the host of the
ambassadors, but he probably won't be in on meeting.
Remarks are brief; wouldn't be surprised if talking points
get substituted.1
12. 11. 91 03:21 PM
PO1
U.S. Department of State
EAP
FAX
Date: 12/11/91
TO: White House Research- - Michele Mix
FAX Phone Number: 456-6218
Addressee's Phone:
FROM: EAP/ANZ ANZ - Brian Woo
FAX Phone Number: 202-647-7350; 647-4402
Sender's Phone: 202-647-9690
NUMBER of PAGES INCLUDING COVER SHEET
2
Remarks: As requested.
UNCLASSIFIED ONLY
12. 11.91 03:21 PM
P O 2
3. EVENT: PRE-LUNCHEON DRINKS.
FRIDAY JANUARY 3, 1280, WORLD CONGRESS CENTER, HOWQUA
ROOM 1, MELBOURNE
PURPOSE: TO INTRODUCE DISTINGUISNED VICTORIAN STATE
GUESTS
SETTING: HOSTED BY PREMIER JOAN KIRNER.
PARTICIPANTS: THE STATE CABINET, THE LEADERS OF THE
TWO STATE OPPOSITION PARTIES, THE LORD MAYOR OF
MELBOURNE, THE STATE CHIEF JUSTICE, THE LIEUTENANT
GOVERNOR, AND THEIR SPOUSES. TOTAL NUMBER: 30-48
LIKELY.
4.
EVENT: LUNCHEON/SPEECH
FRIDAY JANUARY 3, 121E, WORLD CONGRESS CENTER,
BELLARINE ROOM, MELBOURNE
SETTING: ALL OTHER LUNCHEON GUESTS WILL BE SEATED IN
ADVANCE, INCLUDING MOST OF THOSE FROM PRE-LUNCHEON
DRINKS. THE PRESIDENT, PREMIER AND REMAINDER OF
HEAD-TABLE PARTY MOVE TOGETHER TO THE BELLARINE ROOM TO
A DAIS AT THE FRONT. BOTH NATIONAL ANTHEMS WILL BE
PLAYED, AFTER WHICH THE PREMIER WILL MAKE BRIEF
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. THE PRESIDENT WILL DELIVER HIS
SPEECH, AFTER WHICH THE PARTY MOVES FROM THE DAIS TO
THE HEAD TABLE FOR LUNCH.
PARTICIPANTS: APPROX 1900 GUESTS, INCLUDING SPOUSES
TALKING POINTS (LOCAL COLOR):
-- MELBOURNE BEGAN ITS DEVELOPMENT AS A MAJOR CITY WITH
THE DISCOVERY OF GOLD IN THE SURROUNDING AREA.
AMERICANS WERE THERE RIGHT AT THE OUTSET, BOTH AS
PROSPECTORS AND AS BUSINESSMEN. SOME 10.000 AMERICANS
JOINED THE AUSTRALIAN GOLD RUSH IN THE EARLY 1850'S.
-- ANOTHER AMERICAN INFLUX TOOK PLACE AFTER PEARL
HARBOR IN 1942. WHEN MELBOURNE BECAME A MAJOR STAGING
AREA FOR U.S. FORCES IN THE PACIFIC. MELBOURNE WAS
AUSTRALIA'S DEFENSE HEADQUARTERS AND WAS GENERAL
MACARTHUR'S FIRST HEADQUARTERS AFTER HE WAS EVACUATED
FROM CORREGIDOR.
-- AS AUSTRALIA'S MANUFACTURING CENTER, MELBOURNE IS
THE HOME OF MANY AFFILIATES OF U.S. COMPANIES. IT ALSO
MAINTAINS A THRIVING SISTER-CITY RELATIONSHIP WITH
BOSTON.
-- ONE MELBOURNE INVENTION WHICH HAS INFLUENCED THE
WORLD IS THE "BLACK BOX" RECORDER NOW IN USE IN ALL
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT.
ON A MORE PERSONAL LEVEL, AMERICAN WOMEN LIVING IN
MELBOURNE SIXTY YEARS AGO FORMED THE AMERICAN WOMEN'S
AUXILIARY TO THE ROYAL MELBOURNE CHILDRENS HOSPITAL.
TODAY, SIXTY YEARS LATER, THIS ORGANIZATION IS STILL
GOING STRONG, RAISING THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS EVERY YEAR
FOR THE HOSPITAL.
12. U S. 09:07 PM
P01
U.S. Department of State
01 DEC 10 A7: A 10
EAP
FAX
Date: 12-9-91
TO: Carol Aarhus. - White House Speech writers
FAX Phone Number: 456-6218
Addressee's Phone:
FROM: EAP/ANZ - Brian Woo
FAX Phone Number: 202-647-7350; 647-4402
Sender's Phone: 202-647- 9690
NUMBER of PAGES INCLUDING COVER SHEET
$
20
Remarks: per your request advance copies of Australia
speech / event themes.
UNCLASSIFIED ONLY
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P02
12/7- not fully cleaned
THEMES AND TOPICS FOR PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(To Be Provided to WH Speech Staff)
There will be two opportunities for the President to make
major speeches while in Australia. The first will be in
Canberra on Thursday, January 2, when he addresses a joint
session of parliament. The general focus of this address
should be on the bilateral relationship, although global
regional themes should also be included. A second speaking
engagement will be on Friday, January 3, in Melbourne, where he
is invited to speak on regional/global themes at a luncheon for
business executives and others hosted by Victoria State Premier
Joan Kierner.
Parliament Address on U.S.-Australia Bilateral Relations
Themes to Include: Though largely focused on bilateral issues,
global themes should be included. The address should recognize
the important relationship that has existed bilaterally, the
success of this relationship, and the continued relevance of
our partnership in the face of post-Cold War era challenges.
Bilateral, regional and global economic issues should be
addressed and explicit recognition made of our major bilateral
friction point -- U.S. agriculture export subsidies. Finally,
there should be an invitation for increased bilateral dialogue
and cooperation in areas of particular interest to younger
(post-WWII) Australians, such as economic policies and trade
development, conservation and environmental protection,
education, resource development, narcotics control, and the
arts.
Continuing Importance of the Alliance:
o
Our long-standing key alliance has served us well. Next
year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Battle of the
Coral Sea. It will be a special commemoration of the close
and special defense partnership that had origins in the
Second World War. (The President's personal involvement in
the Pacific theater during that war can lend special
significance to this testimonial.)
o
However, looking ahead over the next fifty years, the
post-Cold War Era presents new challenges for our
alliance. While East-West tensions have diminished, other
problems such as ethnic rivalries, nationalist aspirations
and territorial or political disputes -- suppressed during
the Cold War period -- are now arising.
12. 09. 91
09:07
PM
P03
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o
In these endeavors, Australia has and continues to play an
important role:
--
Note contributions to the Multinational Gulf
Coalition, refugee assistance and the ongoing naval
interdiction effort in the region. Express
appreciation for Australian public support during the
Gulf Coalition and its policies.
---
Note Australia's active role in developing a framework
for the current peace process which is taking place in
Cambodia, as well as Australia's contribution to the
peace keeping force.
--
Note strong efforts on proliferation issues,
particularly regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
proliferation.
o
At this point, provide the American definition of the New
World Order, an explanation of the vision which guides us,
and a statement of the welcome and constructive role
Australia is playing and will play in such a new order.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
o
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
--
Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
--
Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
--
Note Australia's leadership of the Cairns Group of
countries which is working for agricultural trade
liberalization in the Uruguay Round.
--
Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
12. 09. 91
09:07 PM
P 0 4
- 3 -
Reassure on U.S. Engagement in the Region:
o
Our reasons for remaining engaged and active in Asia and
the Pacific are obvious. The U.S. is a Pacific nation.
The Asia-Pacific region is now America's largest trading
partner, with trans-Pacific commerce totalling more than
$300 billion in annual two-way trade. This is nearly
one-third larger than that across the Atlantic.
o
We will remain committed to our allies and to fulfilling
our security obligations. The U.S. will remain engaged in
Asia and the Pacific.
o
The regional partnerships which the U.S. enjoys with
Australia and other countries have and will provide the
foundation for economic and political stability in the
region.
o
Building on those, we need to define a renewed defense
structure for the Asia-Pacific theater that reflects the
regions's diverse security concerns and mitigates
intra-regional fears and suspicions - a prerequisite for
maintaining the stability required for continuing economic
and political progress.
Future Relations Between Australia and the U.S.:
o
We have points of differences, but overall our relations
are excellent. We share common histories and similar
values. And we see this relationship strengthening further
in the years shead. There are many contemporary issues in
which Americans and Australians have much to learn from
each other:
In culture and education:
--- Australian culture increasingly influences American
music, cinema and sports.
-- There is also a solid basis of bilateral academic
interchange, including the 40-year-old Fulbright
program in Australia and numerous private exchanges
involving younger Australians at the secondary level.
--- The U.S. 4-H organization, Future Farmers of America,
and Rotary are among the groups with active exchange
programs with Australian counterparts.
12. 09. 91
09:07 PM
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In bilateral economic relations:
--
The importance of bilateral trade: after Japan, the
U.S. is Australia's largest trade partner. Annual
bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion. The U.S. is a
major purchaser of Australian beef, veal, lamb and
cheese.
:
U.S. firms have over US$ 15 billion invested in
Australia, the second highest in Asia after Japan,
much of it in leading edge technology in
telecommunications, aviation, and informatics, as well
as manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and energy.
-- Tourism remains very big business for both countries.
Nearly one-half million people travel each way each
year. U.S. airlines have inaugurated new routes to
Australia in 1991.
--
We are broadening economic dialogue, this year
initiating bilateral consultations on agricultural
issues and continuing our consultations and joint
efforts in important international economic fora such
as APEC and the GATT.
In environmental and resource management:
--
Cooperation in conservation and environmental
protection is expanding; we have many shared interests
and similarities in resource endowments (i.e., coal,
oil, gas, hard rock minerals) and topography. There
are many recent examples of cooperation:
--
Our two governments have established a High Level
Group on Energy to exchange information on energy
policy, programs, demand; to review ongoing research
and development; and to engage in joint research
efforts.
I
US Interior Department (DOI) Minerals Management
Service has recently signed a bilateral MOU with
Australia's Department of Primary Industries and
Energy (DPIE) for sharing data on offshore minerals
development, including environmental protection
aspects.
12. u 9. 91 09:07 PM
P06
- 5 -
--
DOI Bureau of Land Management has initiated a dialogue
with DPIE that is focused on the need to balance the
extraction of minerals, oil, gas, and timber with the
growing demands for recreation, and management of
cultural resources, and wildlife and fisheries
habitats. Plans include an exchange of technical
personnel between our countries.
-- USDOC/NOAA officials have recently met with their
Australian counterparts to discuss ways in which our
two nations can strengthen efforts regarding the
important environmental problems of driftnet fishing,
endangered species, and the monitoring/assessment of
the global warming threat.
--
In APEC, where Australia leads the Energy Working
Group, our two governments are considering, with other
governments, establishing a regional clean coal
technology utilization center.
--
The U.S. and Australia recently co-sponsored the
creation of an International Forestry Research
Institute to focus on issues related to the
conservation of tropical forests and the arrest of
deforestation and environmental degradation.
In fighting illicit narcotics:
--
Australia has done much to assist regional countries
in their counternarcotics efforts and is an active
member of the "Dublin Group" of donor nations that
coordinates counternarcotics aid to producer nations.
--
Our countries are united in the worldwide fight
against drug abuse and trafficking, which is becoming
a security threat of the 1990s,
Other Issues:
o
There are some issues on which we do not meet eye-to-eye
but which should also be mentioned.
o
One particularly difficult issue is Australian continuing
concern over the impact on Australian farmers of the U.S.
Export Enhancement Program for agriculture. This issue
should be confronted sympathetically but directly:
12. 09. 91
09:07 PM
P07
- 6 -
--
Note the plight of American as well as Australian
farmers, our legitimate stake in world grain markets,
our intention to continue EEP as leverage on the EC,
and our hope that export subsidies will be sharply
reduced in the Uruguay Round.
--
Recognize and regret that EEP is a factor affecting
Australian farmers, but note other factors --
especially EC dumping, higher global production,
Australia's transport/port inefficiencies affecting
competitiveness, the drought, the high cost of
agricultural inputs, and the simultaneous collapse of
the wool market.
---
Mention that he (the President) has just met with
representatives of rural organizations and that they
have been forthright in describing their concerns.
--
Stress that we take Australian interests into account
in implementing EEP, including setting up a bilateral
consultative mechanism that met in August for the
first time, and will continue.
1 U E. 09:07 M
P08
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Melbourne Luncheon Speech on Global/Regional Issues
Overall themes: Begin with the changes in Europe and move on
to the latest initiatives in the Middle East and Southeast
Asia. While addressing the changing political winds in the
world, the President should also assure continued U.S.
commitment to regional stability in Asia and the Pacific.
Finally, focus should be placed upon international economic
issues of mutual concern, as well as benefits to both nations
of an open trading system.
Recognize Australia's Growing International Role;
O
Express appreciation for the leadership role Australia has
assumed in the world.
--
Australia's contribution to the Multinational Gulf
Coalition
--
Active role in working toward a settlement in Cambodia
--
Leadership in forming APEC
--
Strong efforts on proliferation issues, particularly
regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
O
Our partnership has become increasingly important,
especially in the wake of the tremendous changes that have
occurred in the world over the last two years.
U.S. Regional Role to Remain Strong:
o
The regional partnership which the U.S. has enjoyed with
Australia and other countries has been the foundation for
economic and political stability in the region.
12.
09:07
FUS
- 8 -
Despite the changes elsewhere in the world, the U.S. will
remain engaged, concerned and active in Asia and the
Pacific, both in strategic and economic terms.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
o
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
--
Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
--
Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
--
Note Australia's leadership of the Cairns Group of
countries which is working for agricultural trade
liberalization in the Uruguay Round.
---
Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
Facing Challenges Ahead:
o
This is not to say that there are no challenges ahead:
---
The proliferation of chemical, nuclear and biological
weapons of mass destruction remains a problem;
Australia's role in achieving international safeguards
to reverse the proliferation trend has been critical
to this effort.
--
We share a common view that the formation of
protective trading blocs must be avoided, and support
for cooperative frameworks such as APEC must be
vigorously continued.
--
We should do all we can to open markets and foster
free trade in order to strengthen international
economic cooperation, confidence and recovery.
POSSIBLE LANGUAGE FOR THE PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
-- This is only my second visit to Australia, but my
impressions of your vast and beautiful country will always be
very special ones.
-- (Insert complimentary remarks on Canberra, Sydney and
Melbourne -- depending on itinerary. Could also make reference
to Australia's size by noting that several states the size of
Texas would fit in Western Australia.)
THE ALLIANCE
-- It isn't just Australia's natural beauty that draws
Americans "down under." We share a long-standing friendship
based on common language, heritage and origins and embodied in
a special alliance that has served our two countries so well.
-- We also share a democratic openness and willingness to
accept substantial immigration as a means of further enriching
our societies.
-- I was deeply moved by my visit to the Australian War
Memorial. It evoked memories of the sacrifices that both our
countries have made, often side by side. (n.b. - Can only be
used in Melbourne speech after visit to Memorial.)
-- Yanks and Aussies fought together in World War I, helping to
liberate France. The first U.S.-Australian military
cooperation took place when elements of the U.S. 33rd Division
joined Australian troops in the capture of Le Hamel, France.
-- And in World War II, our troops again fought side by side,
and half a million U.S. military men and women served in
Australia through that war.
-- Together, U.S. and Australian forces fought throughout the
Pacific, in tough land, sea, and air combat. Our alliance and
partnership has been solid ever since == in Korea, Vietnam, and
most recently in the Persian Gulf.
12. U 9. 91 09:07 PM
F 1 1
- 2 -
RECOGNIZING AUSTRALIA'S INDEPENDENT INTERNATIONAL ROLE
-- While our close and important strategic relationship will
continue to be of great mutual benefit, Australia has become a
positive force of its own in world affairs. Your views are
valued and while we may not see eye-to-eye on every issue, the
direction of your policies are complementary to our own and are
consistent with my vision of a new world order, an order where
democratic ideals of peace, freedom, and respect for human
dignity bond nations in a common purpose. Let me cite some
examples:
-- In the post-Cold War era, we are witnessing a reinvigorated
role for the United Nations. Much credit goes to Australia for
facilitating this.
-- Your initiative and persistence were key to shaping the
framework for the Cambodia peace settlement finally agreed to
by all warring factions last October. And Australia continues
to ensure that the process toward democracy and lasting peace
in Cambodia does not falter.
-- You were among the first to dispatch aid and technical
support under the United Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC), which an Australian was appointed by the UN
Secretary General to command.
-- Australians also serve under the UN banner in the Western
Sahara and are a vital part of the Multinational Interdiction
Force, ensuring that UN sanctions against Iraq are enforced
under international law. In the Middle East, as in Cambodia,
you have been quick to provide humanitarian relief. Last May
your defense force provided medical teams and water
purification equipment and services to Kurds and Iraqis fleeing
Saddam's oppression.
-- But even long before the Gulf War, Australia had the
foresight to focus world attention on the problems which are
now emerging as key concerns for the world community. Thanks
to your efforts, the "Australia Group" was established in 1984,
and is currently comprised of 22 nations dedicated to
preventing the use and spread of chemical and biological
weapons throughout the world.
-- Australia also plays a major constructive role in
strengthening the international economic system. It was Prime
Minister Hawke who pushed the idea of a regional effort to
promote freer trade by eliminating trade barriers and
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P 1 2
- 3 -
establishing common policies. Through his vision and efforts
was born the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, a key economic
forum we know as APEC. And since its first ministerial meeting
in Canberra two years ago, APEC has succeeded in mobilizing the
support of all fifteen participants to push for substantive
progress in this key GATT Uruguay Round, and to explore ways
that countries in this dynamic region can better cooperate to
achieve sustainable growth, to increase employment, and to
preserve the environment.
- Clearly, Australia has established itself as a strong
promoter of multilateral solutions to important international
problems, be they military, social, political or social in
nature. And in large measure, your goals are shared by the
United States.
ASSURING CONTINUED U.S. ENGAGEMENT IN THE REGION
-- Let me take this opportunity to assure you that we, too, are
committed to remaining engaged throughout the world. There are
some naysayers who wrongly predict that recent events in Europe
and Asia will lead to a more isolationist America. This could
not be farther from the truth.
-- America tried to isolate itself politically from the world
in the past, and we ended up fighting two bloody world wars.
We also tried economic isolation that only helped to set off a
devastating world depression.
-- Current trends point to our strengthened engagement in Asia
and the Pacific in the decades ahead. This region has become
our largest and fastest growing trade partner. Two-way trade
between the region and the U.S. now amounts to more than $300
billion, nearly one-third larger than that across the
Atlantic.
-- American firms have invested more than $61 billion in the
region, and that will certainly grow. On the other hand,
investors from the Asia-Pacific have invested more than $95
billion in the U.S. We welcome this investment, which results
techniques. in new jobs, new technology and new, more effective management
-- Our bilateral trade relationship with Australia is strong
and growing. Total bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion,
having grown over 20 percent in the last five years. After
Japan, the U.S. is Australia's most important trading partner,
taking 12 percent of her exports, and providing 23 percent of
her imports. At US$ 15 billion, Australia is the largest
recipient of total U.S. direct investment in the Asia-Pacific
region, again next to Japan.
P13
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-- Cooperation and dialogue on economic issues can only benefit
our respective economies. We must continue this openness in
our relationship, and indeed work for greater openness in our
trade relations, particularly as we both continue to face
economic difficulties on the domestic front.
REMARKS ON THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
-- But while we generally agree on the goals, we sometimes
differ on the means. Our use of the Export Enhancement Program
to counter the agricultural subsidies of the European Community
is one point of difference.
-- I appreciated the opportunity to meet with rural
representatives earlier today (or yesterday if said in
Melbourne). I can assure you, American and Australian farmers
have much in common.
-- Let me be clear in stating that I don't favor subsidy
programs. They are a burden to the taxpayer. They weaken the
mechanism and reduce the benefits of a free trading system.
And subsidies take the competitive edge out of industry.
-- But let me be equally clear in pointing out that we did not
start the wheat war. Talks with the EC on this issue had
previously led nowhere. And it is our farmers in the U.S. and
Australia who have been badly hurt by continued EC subsidies of
wheat.
-- We must both remember that the basic cause of depressed
international agricultural prices, which have been hurting both
our farm sectors, lies with the European Community.
-- We are now seeing glimmers of hope. And I believe it is
because we have countered EC subsidies with the EEP. It is in
the long-term interest of all non-subsidizing nations that this
pressure on the EC be maintained.
-- At the same time, we in the U.S. will try to limit the harm
that our EEP does to non-subsidizers like Australia. This does
not mean, however, that Australian farmers, or American
taxpayers, will be immune from the costs of the fight against
subsidies. I firmly hope that the long term gain for American
and Australian farmers from a successful Uruguay Round will
outweigh the short term pain.
12. U 9. 91 09:07 PM
P 1 4
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-- Any mature relationship, even between close allies, cannot
be without differences. I have agreed to greater bilateral
dialogue on this and other economic issues of bilateral
concern. We must continue to seek understanding and work to
iron out our differences.
THE NEXT FIFTY YEARS
The Environment
-- We can be proud as we look back over the accomplishments of
the last five decades. But we can and must do more to expand
our bilateral relationship in ways which will be beneficial to
future generations of Australians and Americans. A key area is
the environment.
-- We share common energy interests which are derived from our
large domestic energy resource bases. Together, we are the
world's largest coal exporters. Ministerial meetings were held
here last year to discuss upgrading our cooperative research
and development efforts in the area of energy.
== At the ensuing high level group meeting held in Washington
last April, Australia and the U.S. agreed on the importance of
pursuing energy policies that will help promote our energy
exports while addressing environmental issues.
-- Together, U.S. Energy Department officials are working with
their Australian counterparts to develop clean coal technology,
energy efficient technologies, and other programs of importance
to the environment.
-- Our governments also have agreed to share information on
offshore minerals development, which include environmental
protection aspects. And there is an increase in our sharing of
experiences in balancing the extraction of minerals, oil, gas,
and timber with the growing demands for recreation, better
management of cultural resources, and environmental
preservation.
-- Our scientists also are working alongside your scientists to
better understand the global climate system. The U.S. National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, collaborates with
Flinders University of South Australia in tidal research. NOAA
and the University of Tasmania also have a cooperative
arrangement for climate and global change research.
12. US. 91 09:07 PM
P15
- 6 -
-- We are collaborating on providing regional governments much
needed information and training in preserving endangered
forests. Toward this end, the Australian and U.S. Governments
are co-sponsoring an International Forestry Research Institute
to address conservation, deforestation, and environmental
degradation.
-- And in managing the delicate balance of our ocean fisheries,
Australia and the United States have shared concerns over
driftnet fisheries for albacore and other tuna in the South
Pacific. We have joined other nations in remedying this
serious conservation threat to tuna stocks in the Pacific.
Educational and Artistic Interchange
-- I began my remarks today noting that Australia is a country
graced with much natural beauty. But it is really the spirit
of your people which has made it a country so admired by
Americans and others throughout the world.
--- We see this in the arts, with the creative works of
Australians in all media, including painting, sculpture, dance
and, of course, film making. And we hear it in your music,
where Australian artists remain extremely popular in the United
States.
-- We must continue to facilitate this rich interchange between
our people. Let me give you one recent example. Our Consul
General in Perth last November invited American musical artist
Paul Simon, who was in Australia then on tour, to meet with a
number of West Australian Aboriginal musicians in his
residence. After the guests had arrived, it was the
Australians who made the first move, setting up their
traditional instruments on the coffee table. Soon, Mr. Simon
and his fellow American musicians were receiving didgeridoo
lessons. And by the end of the evening, he was sharing a few
of his own skills with the guitar, completing an evening of
musical fellowship.
- At a more institutional level, we (if in Canberra remarks,
text should read will launch today; if Melbourne, text should
read, launched yesterday in Canberra) the Australian Center for
American Studies. This new national center will expand our
bilateral links through the development of programs of
practical benefit to business, higher education, and the
universities. We hope this new national center will serve as a
forum in which interdisciplinary study and discussion of
contemporary issues will be conducted to the mutual benefit of
both our nations.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P16
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-- While we may have our differences over the EEP program, our
young people look beyond the present. In preparing for this
trip I was very pleased to learn that our 4-H program and our
Future Farmers of America have active exchange programs with
young people in your farm communities.
Easing Travel Access
-- Nearly one-half million Australians visit the U.S. each
year, and an equal number of Americans come here.
-- We are working together on facilitating freer travel between
our countries for visitors and business persons. The U.S. has
offered to waive the issuance of temporary visitor visas for
Australian nationals, but this can only be done on a reciprocal
basis. Our two governments are also discussing modifications
in your business visa issuing regime which would permit us to
legally offer treaty trader and investor visas to Australians
under our own laws.
Conclusion
-- These examples are real indications of the cooperative
spirit that exists between our two nations as we seek to
strengthen our economic, cultural and educational ties. They
are positive signs of the shape which our bilateral
relationship will take over the next five decades.
-- Let us continue to work closely together to ensure that the
future of our relationship will be as productive a partnership
as it has been over the last fifty years.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P17
cleaned
SUGGESTED POINTS FOR TOAST AT THE STATE DINNER
Hosted by the Governor General and Mrs. Hayden
January 1, 1992 - Canberra
Before proposing a toast to the Queen, I would like to make
a few brief remarks.
First and foremost, I can't express strongly enough how
pleased Barbara and I are to be here with you, Mr. Governor
General, your gracious wife, Dallas, and the other
distinguished guests.
Barbara and I recall fondly the warmth we felt during our
1982 visit during Coral Sea Week. We are feeling that warmth
again on this visit. Other than Kennebunkport, I can't think
of another place we would rather have seen in this new year.
Our shared values, history, culture, and struggles through
war and peace together have created a bond between our two
peoples that is close and lasting.
We shared the burdens of the Cold War together. Now let's
look together to the next fifty years. Let's seek ways to
expand the bonds of friendship for the next generation of young
Americans and Australians, to help them face the challenges of
thair time, building 8A the peace, conserving the environment,
educating their children, and sharing the benefit of God's
bounty with all.
Ladies and gentlemen, a toast to Her Majesty the Queen.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P18
SUGGESTED POINTS FOR TOAST AT PRIME MINISTER'S DINNER
Hosted by Prime Minister and Mrs. Hawke
January 2, 1991 - Canberra
Before proposing my toast to the Queen, I should like to
offer a brief observation on our host this evening.
You, Mr. Prime Minister, and your government, have been
good and true friends as we together have faced the challenges
of a rapidly changing world order.
I have valued your counsel especially over the past year as
we brought a tyrant to task in Iraq, moved the peace process
forward in the Middle East, responded to democratic openings in
Eastern Europe, and established a framework for peace in
Cambodia.
Finally, you and your Ministers, by continuing to press for
real progress in the Uruguay Round, have helped bring us close
to a worthwhile outcome. We thank you for that.
Ladies and gentlemen, a toast to Her Majesty the Queen.
2. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P19
UNCLASSIFIED
MEETING WITH MEMBERS OF THE AUSTRALIA-UNITED STATES
CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE COUNCIL
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
The purpose of your meeting with members of the Australia-U.S.
Coral Sea Commemorative Council will be to express appreciation
to the Council for assuring that the 50th anniversary of the
origins of the bilateral alliance is given the prominence it
deserves.
SETTING
Approximately 50 members of the Council, distinguished and
influential citizens from many sectors of Australian society,
will have gathered in Otway Room No. 1 of the World Congress
Centre. The Ambassador will introduce you to the Chairman of
the Council, Sir Eric Neal, and the Council Vice Chairman, Vice
Admiral Michael Hudson. Sir Eric will then invite you to
address the Council. Following your remarks, Sir Eric will
make concluding remarks and introduce you to the Committee
Chairmen and to the other Members of the Council.
KEY OBJECTIVES
== To thank members of the Council, especially chairman Sir
Eric Neal, for their contributions to Council programs and
projects that will commemorate the World War II origins of
our bilateral alliance in 1992.
-- To focus press attention on the Council and stimulate
general public interest in the cycle of commemorative
events planned in Australia during 1992, especially the
50th anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea.
To acknowledge the contributions of th thousands of
Australians who are working to develop commemorative
activities during 1992.
-- To underline the importance the U.S. attaches to younger
Australians and the future of the alliance.
Attached is a list of participants.
UNCLASSIFIED
09.
09:07 PM
P20
UNCLASSIFIED
POINTS TO BE MADE WITH THE AUSTRALIA-UNITED STATES
CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE COUNCIL
I am pleased to have the opportunity this morning to thank
all of you personally for your participation in the
Australia - U.S. Coral Sea Commemorative Council.
-- The programs and activities you coordinate or sponsor will
ensure that events which shaped the beginnings of our
bilateral alliance -- especially the 50th anniversary of
the Battle of the Coral Sea -- receive the attention they
deserve in 1992.
-- I also want to convey to this Council and to all
Australians who are developing commemorative programs this
year the appreciation of the over one million American men
and women who served in Australia during World War II.
-- The participation of so many prominent Australians on this
Council is evidence that the defense of freedom here and in
the South Pacific during World War II by Australians and
Americans has not been forgotten.
-- I share your hope that many of our veterans will return to
Australia with their families in 1992 to take part in the
activities that are being planned. I know they will
receive the same open, warmhearted Aussie welcome that I
have received.
-- I am sure that the actions of this Council will strengthen
and sustain an alliance that has matured and is as relevant
today as it ever was.
-- My best wishes to you throughout this commemorative year.
UNCLASSIFIED
Time Difference: hrs.ahead
FACT- CHECK COPY
Lead Advance: BobAithy
Smith/Aarhus
Draft Six
X=Ds partondist already
December 18, 1991
A:MELBLNCH
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: BUSINESS LUNCHEON
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
FRIDAY, JANUARY 3, 1991
Acknowledgements. Thank you for that introduction. Your
Nat' Anthem
National Anthem speaks of a land "abound ing] in Nature's gifts,
of beauty rich XX and rare.' // Barbara and I feel richer for the
rare privilege of being with you today. //
( (It is a pleasure to be in the country of Paul Hogan,
Christobel
Skippy the Bush Kangaroo, and of course Greg Norman. // Greg may
be nicknamed "The Great White Shark" -- but when I'm on the
course I spend a lot more time in the water. )) //
( (If I wasn't sure I was in Australia, it was confirmed
today when "Hail to the Chief" was replaced with "Tie Me Kangaroo
Curt
Mate
Down Sport. // Actually, I like the song -- just as I do your
beautiful land known as "Bush Country." // Now, if I can just
get that description to apply to all 50 States back home. )) //
((I have also enjoyed this luncheon. // Earlier, someone
was kidding me about the menu. / He said the good news was that
flavoring had been added to the vegemite to make it more
appealing to Americans. / He said the bad news was that the
flavoring was broccoli. )) //
X
Ten years ago this May, I first visited Australia to mark
Ency,
Brianwo, 647-9690 State -9690
the fortieth anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea. Last
June, Prime Minister Hawke made his fifth visit to Washington,
647
of
former
2
where we met in the Oval Office. / "What XXX we want, " he said, "is
XXXXX
X
XXX
not going X to fall into XT our lap We XX must work together to XX get
X
X
L
+
X
it." //
The obligation isto The is
I am here to talk of that work -- and how, together,
Australia and America can help to build a better world. We will
build it through liberty, and opportunity -- and through trade
that is both free and fair. // We will build it by using our
common culture and heritage, language and principles to promote
Thistni
prosperity at home and democracy abroad. //
morning
Yesterday, I visited the Australian War Memorial, where the
power of this alliance -- in Lincoln's words -- "crowded upon my
mind." // There lie the heroes who stood with America in World
Christobel
Wars I and II, Korea, Viet Nam, and of course the Persian Gulf
-- heroes who fought together to defend our ideals. // Our task
now is to join together to create a world where the force of law
outlasts the use of force. //
We term this the New World Order -- a world of peace and
human dignity. Its triumph is inevitable -- but only if
X
Brianho, State
democracies are resolute. // Globally, you have encouraged this
by supporting a XX more engaged United Nations. Nearby, you helped
shape the framework for the Cambodia peace settlement agreed XX to
by warring factions -- and I assure you: Here, too, America is
your partner. We will not abandon the search for stability in
this XXXXXXX
x
President Andrew Jackson
appointed J.H. Williams as the first American counsel here.
Consulx
newspaper
3
Arriving from Boston, Williams was X greeted X by an editorial: "We
article
X
welcome
usis
regard his arrival" read the Australian paper, "as XX a pledge of
increasing intimacy between the two countries, from X which mutual
from JAG fax
advantages may be expected to flow. ) )
One year ago, in the Persian Gulf conflict, those
X
advantages served a cause both right, and true. // You were
quick to condemn the Iraqi invasion / to endorse economic x
Brian
sanctions / and to send X ships to engage in the multi-national x
Y
state
WOD
coalition. I thank you for also sending medical teams and
humanitarian relief to Kurds and Iraqis fleeing Saddam's
oppression. // Australia stood fast so that decency could stand
tall. This is no surprise. I remember X how, in 1984 you acted
with equal dispatch to achieve the X common good. What you x helped
Briancoo State, woo
create -- the "Australia Group" -- today has twenty-two X member nations,
x
each
Each nation dedicated to preventing the use and spread of
chemical and biological weapons.
Australia believes that multilateral solutions can solve
global problems. So do I. // Fifty years ago, we found that
what happened in Europe and Asia could not be divorced from
America. Political isolationism doesn't work. // We must now
recall that lesson -- but this time in peace, not in war. // The
Australian statesman, Alfred Deakin, once said, "Next to our own
Jen
nation we place our kindred in America." He knew that we are all
Aus. Book quotes
members of the world community. // So we need to strengthen our
already steadfast commitment to Asia and the Pacific region --
increasing democracy, free expression, and, yes, free markets. //
region
Aus,
Brunai
China Twain
Indo Hong Kong Singapore
Japan
NZ
Malaypia
Macao
From us Commerce Dept Data Book
Phillipples
torea
Thatand
1990
exports NIX 40.7 b
toptsia
exp. Japan 48.6 b
Pacific Rim
ASEAN
what's Matuda
in regia
THE WHITE HOUSE
Elaine ustr brown
WASHINGTON
Already, the two-way trade between this region and the U.S.
totals over $300 billion. // I say: We can, and must, expand it.
((You know, we have to think of free trade like Australia
and that other Nation, my native Texas. // They show us how to
XXXX
Australia in brief
think big. / For instance, I'm impressed that the flag of
X Xt XXX
Australia is the only one to fly over a whole continent. // I'm
in
even more struck by the fact that Australia has more sheep than
people. That's impressive -- but Washington has more lawyers
than you have sheep. )
nearly'l3
GDR
XXX
In America, half. of our GNP growth between 1985 and 1990
flowed from exports. To increase that growth -- which means more
boustr
jobs -- we need the cooperation that is a cornerstone of the New
World Order: The cooperation that will increase free trade /
open markets / and ensure jobs. // On the other hand, we must
reject the economic isolationism that's been tried before -- and
found wanting: The protectionism that will close markets /
ensure poverty / and cost jobs. // We can't go down that dead-
end street again, and won't: Not as long as I am President. //
In1990,
Two years ago, free trade helped our merchandise exports
$200
(2.4%
X
to Australia total $8.5 billion -- up $188 million from 1989. I
commend your policies to foster greater openness and
competitiveness in the economy. You have eliminated most import
Brian
quotas, and cut domestic subsidies and tariffs. // I also
woo
applaud your efforts to strengthen the international economic
system -- spurring a regional effort to promote freer trade by
erasing trade barriers.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
None of this has come easily -- but thanks to you, it's
come steadily. // I can sum up this trip's purpose in three
words: Jobs, jobs, jobs. So XXX I am grateful that several years
t
X
ago, Australia helped create the X Asia-Pacific Economic
X
Briancio,
Cooperation (APEC), a xx key economic forum. Since APEC's first
x
X
X
State
ministerial meeting in Canberra XX 2 years ago, it has mobilized all
+X
+
Desupportof
X
fifteen participants to push for progress in the GATT Uruguay
Round. / APEC members want to find ways to achieve sustainable
X
t
growth, increase employment, and preserve the environment. So do
we. We want the jobs that stem from economic cooperation among
Pacific Rim market economies, including the United States. //
Just as we need your help, so I pledge ours.
It is true our two Nations generally agree on goals. It is
also true that we sometimes differ on means. // One difference
is XXXXX our use of the Export Enhancement Program (EEP) to counter the
Brian woo state
XXX
agricultural subsidies of the European Community. Let me be
don't
favor
subsidy
programs
X
clear: I oppose such subsidies They burden the taxpayer
/
+
reduce the benefits of free trade / and make industry less
competitive. / In XX the long run, they stifle growth and cost jobs.
I know negotiations on this issue will be difficult. Yet
>Christobe
let us show how the "Texas Two-Step" can meet "Waltzing Matilda.'
//
Recently, in an effort to defuse EEP tensions, an Australian
USTR,
Y
delegation visited our Department of Agriculture. We heard your
laura
perspective on the current world market situation, and your plea
295-6813
for sensitivity to Australian trade. / Australian officials have
expressed interest in holding follow-up talks early this year. I
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
hope that the long-term gain for Americans and Australians from a
successful Uruguay Round will outweigh the short-term pain. //
I have agreed to greater bilateral dialogue on this and
other economic issues. We will seek understanding in the future
as in the past. // We can be proud of working together over the
last five decades. Yet a record is not something to stand upon.
A record is something to build upon. //
We must expand our bilateral relationship in ways which
benefit our countries. // We both breathe the same air. So last
Brian
April, we agreed to pursue energy X policies which will increase
X
+
X
woo, State
exports X while preserving our X environment. // We know that
education is our most enduring legacy. So yesterday we launched Advance
the Australian Center for American Studies.
Sched.
This new center will
expand bilateral links by developing programs of value to
business, education, and the universities. / We hope this center
will cause future generations to say of America and Australia, in
Hymn book
the words of a XX great hymn: "Blest be the ties that bind. //
These ties are economic, military, social, cultural. They
rest on shared values -- love of family, faith in God, pride in
country, love of the unknown. / The first pictures of Neil
USIS
Armstrong's adventure on the moon were beamed from Australia's
radio telescope at Parkes to a waiting world. Later, in return
X
Apollo XV was named "Endeavor" after Captain Cook's ship -- in
the hope of many future endeavors between our two Nations.
This new year, let's look forward to our next century
together. Let's expand the bonds of friendship for ourselves,
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
and our children. / Let's help them meet the challenges of their
time, as we have met ours: Building the peace / creating
opportunity / increasing the benefit of God's bounty for all.
Thank you very much, and may God bless the people of this great
land -- Australia.
# # #
AUSTRALIA NOTES
From Australia in Brief:
Trade: Australia ranks about 20th in the world in international
trade.
Flag: The flag of Australia is the only one to fly over a whole
continent. The Union Jack in the upper left corner represents the
historical link with Britain; the large seven-point star represents
the six states and the territories, and the small stars form the
Southern Cross -- a prominent feature of the southern hemisphere
night sky.
Colors: Green and gold; adopted in 1984.
Coat of Arms: Australia's coat of arms -- the official emblem of
the Australian Government -- was granted by King George V in 1912.
The arms consist of a shield containing the badges of the six
states. The supporters are native australian fauna -- a kangaroo
and an emu. A yellow-flowered native plant, wattle, also appears
on the design.
(NSEW points) From Wyndham to Whyalla, from Bunbury to Bundaberg
Encyclopedia notes:
-- Much attention and support (public and private) have been given
to the expression of distinctively Australian qualities in all art
forms.
-- Quote these literary figures: Henry Kendall, Henry Kingsley,
Marcus Clarke, Fergus Hume, Rolf Boldrewood (aka Thomas Alexander
Browne), Adam Lindsay Gordon, Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson, Henry
Lawson (the best to quote)
-- Poetry quotables: Robert David Fitzgerald, Kenneth Slessor,
Judith Wright
Movies: Mad Max-
Stars: Mel Gibson, Paul Hogan
Music: the Bee Gees, INXS, Olivia Newton-John, Helen Reddy
From Bartlett's
Sir Thomas Browne: "When we desire to confine our words, we
commonly say they are spoken under the rose."
Adam Lindsey Gordon: "Question not, but live and labour till yon
goal be won, Helping every feeble neighbor, seeking help from
none; Life is mostly froth and bubble, Two things stand like
stone -- Kindness in another's trouble, courage in your own.
From USIS:
Us-Australia Historical References
-- In May, 1836, President Jackson appointed J.H. Williams as the
first American Consul in Australia. Mr. Williams arrived from
Boston on January 10, 1837. The Colonist, a newspaper of the day,
said
"We welcome his arrival with unfeigned goodwill, regarding it
as a pledge of increasing intimacy between the two countries, from
which mutual advantages may be expected to flow."
-- Upon entering Sydney Harbor via ship, Mark Twain was asked by
a local citizen what he thought of it. "I said it was beautiful -
- superbly beautiful. Then by a natural impulse I gave God the
praise.'
-- Sydney: Mark Twain said, "A person ought to see Sydney in the
summertime if he wanted to know what warm weather is; and he ought
to go north ten or fifteen hundred miles if he wanted to know what
hot weather is. they said that away up there toward the equator
the hens laid fried eggs."
-- Aussie/US military history: In September 1918, Australian and
American troops fought alongside each other in the main attack on
the Hindenburg Line which ended WWI, a battle experience to be
shared again in WWII, korea, and Vietnam.
-- In 1969, Australia's radio telescope at Parkes was used in
conjunction with another 210 foot antenna in the US to carry the
historic television pictures of the first manned landing on the
moon. The picture everybody remembers -- Neil Armstrong's leg
searching for the surface of the moon -- was first seen in the
briefing room of the Honeysuckle Creek tracking station near
Canberra. As a compliment to Australia, NASA in 1971 named Apollo
15 "Endeavour" after Captain Cook's "Endeavour".
Sports: Greg Norman-golf, Rod Laver-tennis, Dawn Fraser-swimmer,
John Landy-running.
Author: Colleen McCullough "The Thorn Birds"
Other notable Aussies:
Rupert Murdoch--media guru
Jim Wolfensohn--chairman at kennedy center
Patrick oliphant--cartoonist at WPost
State's Office of the Historian
Highlights in relations between the US and Australia
May 1, 1982, Bush as VP visited Australia to commemorate the 30th
anniversary of the ANZUS Treaty
June 24-27: PM Hawke made his 5th visit to W,DC to meet w/ GB.
Australia Overview
Bilateral relations are excellent, but australian concerns over US
trade policies have caused problems. We are working closely in the
GATT Uruguay Round to resolve trade issues. On issues of major
importance to the US, we can count on Australian support.
The US and Australia are important trading partners, with 2-way
trade exceeding $12 billion in 1990. From that trade, the US
enjoyed a surplus of about $4.1 billion. US investment in
Australia totals over $30 billion. Australia's investment in the
US is about $15 billion. The US is Australia's second largest
investor and second largest export market.
Australia was quick to condemn the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, to
endorse economic sanctions, and to send naval forces (3 ships) to
participate in the multinational force in the Gulf. Australia also
sent 4 military medical teams and a specialized team of divers.
Concerned that European economic integration and the US-Canada Free
Trade Agreement could lead to diminution of Australian markets
overseas, Hawke took the lead in organizing the first APEC (Asian-
Pacific Economic Cooperation) ministerial conference in November
1989. APEC's goal is to promote economic cooperation among Pacific
Rim market economies, including the US.
Australia National Anthem
Australians all let us rejoice, for we are young and free;
We've golden soil and wealth for toil, our home is girt by the sea.
Our land abounds in Nature's gifts, of beauty rich and rare;
In hist'ry's page, let ev'ry stage advance Australia fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing, "Advance Australia Fair."
Beneath our radiant Southern Cross we'll toil with hearts and
hands;
To make this Commonwealth of ours renowned of all the lands;
For those who've come across the seas we've boundless plains to
share;
With courage let us all combine to advance Australia fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing, "Advance Australia Fair".
From Cities of the World (3rd Edition)
Geologically, Australia is one of the oldest continents; in
civilization, the most recent.
Its 16 million (1986 estimate) people enjoy a high standard of
living which is still in the process of developing its great
natural resources.
Canberra
Canberra: an aboriginal word meaning "meeting place". Often called
the "garden city" because of the millions of trees and shrubs which
enhance the parks and thoroughfares of the entire area.
Increasingly, Canberra is becoming the nation's political,
administrative, commercial, educational, and scientific hub.
Lake Burley Griffin (named after the architect of the city, Walter
Burley Griffin) is supplied annually with rainbow trout and brown
trout, which may be taken only with line and rod.
Canberra was chosen as the capital when the rival claims of Sydney
and Melbourne could not be satisfied after the unification of
Australia in 1901.
Sydney
Sydney is the capital of the State of New South Wales. It is
Australia's largest city and it is situated on the magnificent
harbor of Port Jackson. It was the first European settlement in
Australia, founded in 1788 as a penal colony.
Sydney was named for Thomas Townsend, the first Viscount Sydney,
secretary of the Home Department, who was responsible for colonial
affairs when New South Wales was established.
Sydney is in many ways like San Francisco. It has an international
seaport with a scenic harbor, home of a world-famous opera house,
old homes perched alongside modern apartment buildings on hills
overlooking picturesque bays and coves. In other ways, the city
resembles LA, with its pleasant climate and informal outdoor life.
Sydney grew rapidly with the arrival of free settlers; the
establishment of wool raising and wheat growing in New South Wales;
gold rushes; building of road and rail networks focusing on the
harbor; and the growth of commerce, industry and banking. The
development was largely unplanned, and the winding narrow streets
and jumbled buildings which add to Sydney's charm also aggravate
traffic problems.
Bushwalking (hiking) is very popular -- joke potential.
Melbourne
Melbourne was the capital of Australia until 1927, and several
Commonwealth government departments and offices are still located
here. It is a major port city and rail hub, as well as a principal
center of industry, business, and finance. Major traffic problems
here.
Australia's program of immigration has brought to Melbourne many
"new Australians" from western and southern European countries.
This has been especially noticeable since WWII. These people have
injected a continental influence that is reflected in
delicatessens, restaurants, and shops, and in sports, music, and
cultural programs, as well as the frequency with which foreign
languages are heard.
Australia's Commerce and Industry
Australia's economy is based on a combination of free enterprise
and state-owned or-licensed monopolies (with considerable federal
government authority) in banking, credit, and agriculture.
Railroads and utilities are owned by state and federal governments.
Telecommunications are a responsibility of the latter. Wages are
determined by state and federal boards and, to some degree, by
collective bargaining. Most major agricultural products are
subject to marketing controls or stabilization arrangements.
Australia's economy was traditionally based on agricultural and
mineral production, mainly for export. In recent decades, the
economic structure has changed. The manufacturing sector's share
of GDP rose after WWII, under the impetus of import restriction
policies. More recently, finance, business services, and community
services have accounted for an increasing share of the GDP, while
the manufacturing share declined.
Important shifts in overseas trade patterns have occurred since
WWII. The UK is now much less important in Australia as a trading
partner than it once was. Asian countries and the European
Communities have recently become prominent markets for Australian
products. Japan is the nation's best export market, especially for
wool. Japan also ranks first as a source of Australian imports.
Australia imports a wide range of goods from the US -- machines and
machinery, transport equipment, scientific and professional
instruments, and other business equipment. Exports to the US are
mainly beef and veal, chemicals, ores and minerals, sugar, and
seafood.
American Chamber of Commerce in Australia is located at 50 Pitt
Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2000.
Australian Tourist Commission; 489 Fifth Avenue, NY, NY 10017
(212) 687-6300.
From ACT Tourism Commission/Australia's Natural Capital
Canberra can be described as a park with a city scattered through
a park. No matter where you look, you see trees.
Seasons -- pink spring blossoms, sun-drenched summers, crisp orange
autumns, and crystal blue winter skies.
"Get to know Canberra, go and visit it, spend a little time here
to get to know your way around and you'll love it just as much as
I do."
-- Dame Pattie Menzies
Canberra, born in 1913, is the tailor-made national capital of
Australia. Meticulously planned and carefully laid out, it is a
world capital of undeniable beauty, merging with nature at every
opportunity.
"The morning and evening lights at Canberra are wonderful. The
shadows of the clouds and the mists as they cross the mountains are
very beautiful indeed. " -- Walter Burley Griffin, Canberra's
designer
Nearly 70% of the ACT is national park or native bushland.
Population 300,000 "friendly souls".
From National Geographic, Feb 1988
Australia has always been a land of immigrants. Aborigines arrived
from Southeast Asia at least 40,000 years ago. The British came
in 1788, followed by Germans, Chinese, Italians, and Greeks.
By 1850, australia had 400,000 people and 13 million sheep. Sheep
still outnumber people, and Australia's wool exports were worth 2.7
billion US dollars in 1987.
The term "mate" arose on the goldfields, and, in the era of the
bushman portrayed in the film "Crocodile Dundee", it remains the
trademark term of address of the ordinary Australian.
In WWI, more Australians than Americans died in battle -- though
America was 20 times more populous.
Pearl Harbor awoke Australians to the existence of Asia. The
Japanese attack also pushed Australia closer to the US. With the
Pacific world in shock, PM John Curtin told his nervous fellow
Australians, "Without any inhibitions of any kind, I make it quite
clear that Australia looks to America free of any pangs as to our
traditional links or kinship with the United Kingdom." It was
almost like a divorce and remarriage.
There are ten times as many jumbuck as people
How to speak Strine:
bonzer: great, terrific
bush: country away from the city
chook: chicken
dingo: Australian wild dog
dinkum, fair dinkum: honest, genuine
jumbuck: deer
ocker: basic, down-to-earth Aussie
outback: remote bush
Strine: what Aussies speak
tucker: food
Australia contains the oldest known fragments of the earth's crust,
from the Jack Hills, at 4.3 billion years.
Literacy is virtually 100%
American influence is felt through the economy, popular culture,
and technology, and is always in flux. "We are becoming
Americanized only in the sense that we're becoming universalized,'
observed Tony Staley, a former cabinet minister. "It so happens
that the US is at the forefront of may things; the whole world is
going in that direction."
"What we want is not going to fall into our lap the way it did
before. The obligation is to work together to get it.'
-- PM Hawke
Photo caption: A "regular bloke" to voters who first elected him
in 1983, PM Robert Hawke attributes his success to a strong Labor
Party Platform and to his wife Hazel. A former Rhodes Scholar, and
1954 world beer-drinking champion, the now teetotaling Hawke has
won enactment of a tax overhaul and opened the economy to foreign
banks.
"There is a certain innocence about being an Australian," " painter
Sidney Nolan said years ago. Perhaps it stems from the
youthfulness of the nation. Or perhaps it results from closeness
to nature.
"Australia's lost its feeling that it could never do anything,"
said New South Wales environment minister, Bob Carr.
Despite skillful efforts at disciplined economic management by the
Hawke government, economic crisis still shadows the face of
Australia. Nothing can take away the unpleasant facts. The
Australian dollar has lost 50% of its value against the Japanese
yen in the past three years. Australia's foreign indebtedness is
so huge that nearly a fifth of yearly export income goes to pay
interest on it. Both the inflation rate (8.3%) and the
unemployment rate (7.7%) are well above the average of Western
industrialized nations. Savings are low, and business investment
is even lower. In some realms the "lucky country", as Australia
sometimes calls itself, seems out of luck. The farmers are in
debt. Industry labors under the disadvantages of protectionism's
lull, a small internal market, and high costs. Mining has not yet
proved a panacea.
Get 1990 Figures
ECONOMIC THEMES FOR THE PRESIDENT'S TRIP TO ASIA
Both the U.S. and Asia benefit from free trade and open markets:
Our economic relationship is not a zero-sum game for either
partner.
The American economy and American jobs increasingly depend
on free trade and open markets.
-
In the United States, nearly half (49%) of our GNP
growth between 1985 and 1990 was attributable to
exports.
$550
-
In 1991, U.S. will export close to
billion worth
of merchandise and services.
-
Record 7.2 million jobs were supported directly and
indirectly by U.S. merchandise exports alone in 1990.
-
More than 19,000 jobs are supported per billion
dollars of U.S. exports.
Asia's stake in the trading system is greater than ours.
The export strength and economic growth of Asian economies
will continue to be dependent upon open international
markets for goods, services, and investment.
-
Asian economies are relatively more dependent than the
U.S. economy on exports and imports.
-
In 1990, exports amounted to 32% of GNP in Korea and
15% of GNP in Japan; by comparison, U.S. figure is 10%.
If the open trading system cannot be preserved and expanded
in the Uruguay Round, Asia's prosperity could be jeopardized
by stagnant world trade.
Asia is increasingly important to the U.S. economy:
The United States is a Pacific power, with vital economic,
as well as political, interests in the region.
Asia is an important and growing market for U.S. exports and
a source of U.S. job creation.
Japan (#2), Korea (#6), and Taiwan (#9) were among top
10 markets for U.S. exports in 1990.
1996 389. $333 6 merch 3 8N
In 1990, U.S. manufacturers sold $115 billion of goods
in the Asia-Pacific region (29% of total U.S. exports) ;
by comparison, $113 billion in goods were sold in
Western Europe.
breeg
- 2 -
-
Exports to Japan and the four Asian NIE's alone support
an estimated 1.7 million U.S. jobs.
Trade with Asia accounts for large and growing proportion of
total U.S. trade.
-
In 1980, U.S.-Asia trade accounted for 24% of total
U.S. trade (imports and exports). By 1990, Asia
accounted for 34% of total trade.
Asia is also a large consumer of U.S. services, including
financial services, an area in which the United States has
special expertise.
-
In 1990, U.S. sold $22.9 billion in services to Japan
and Australia alone.
The westward shift of U.S. population, immigration patterns,
and increased cultural diversity in the United States point
to ever closer economic relations with Asia and the Pacific.
-
The U.S. population is increasingly concentrated in the
Western states (21.2% of total U.S. population in
1990).
-
A large and increasing share of U.S. GNP is produced in
the Western states.
-
Asians represent growing share of U.S. population (6.9
million in 1990 or 2.8% of total VS. 1.6% in 1980) and
growing share of U.S. immigration.
Asia needs our exports:
Asia's demand for imports -- our exports -- will increase as
Asian economies grow wealthier.
Asian consumers need access to foreign goods and services if
they are to raise their standard of living and enjoy the
fruits of their labors.
-
Japanese Prime Minister Miyazawa, for example, recently
stated that Japan should become a "lifestyle
superpower". This will benefit our economy by
increasing opportunities for U.S. exporters.
Asian countries have cooperated with the U.S.:
The U.S.-Asia relationship helps reinforce global
cooperation for the benefit of citizens of all nations.
Several Asian nations helped shoulder the economic burden of
- 3 -
the international effort to counter Iraq's aggression.
-
$10.4 billion was committed by Japan ($10.0 billion)
and Korea ($355 million) to offset U.S. military costs
of Operation Desert Storm.
-
$2.8 billion in economic assistance was committed by
Australia ($14 million), Japan ($2.7 billion), and
Korea ($115 million) to ease impact of Gulf Crisis on
the frontline states in the Middle East (Egupt, Turkey,
and Jordan).
In the G-7 and Economic Summit fora, Japan has helped foster
sustainable world growth with low inflation.
Japan has also supported U.S. initiatives to resolve the
international debt problems of the developing nations. For
example:
-
It pledged $500 million for the Multilateral Investment
Fund (MIF) for Latin America, one third of total MIF
funding.
-
Japan contributed almost $500 million to international
efforts to clear the arrears owed by Panama, Nicaragua,
and Panama to the international financial institutions.
Asian countries have helped the U.S. in efforts to
strengthen market forces in Eastern Europe and in developing
countries. This will help open up these economies for U.S.
trade and investment.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
KOREA
FINANCIAL SERVICES
The Korean financial system is antiquated, over-regulated,
and ill-suited to the needs of Korea's dynamic economy.
U.S. banks and securities firms face numerous barriers to
entering and operating in the Korean market.
In addition, elimination of Korea's pervasive controls over
interest rates, credit allocation, and capital flows is
essential if U.S. financial institutions are to enjoy long-
term competitiveness in Korea, and U.S. businesses are to
find adequate funding sources.
The Treasury Department and Korean Ministry of Finance have
made some progress in bilateral talks in addressing both
specific national treatment issues and broader financial
liberalization. However, much work remains to be done.
The USG has also sought Korean cooperation in bringing about
a strong financial services agreement in the Uruguay Round;
Korea's support thus far has been very disappointing.
Our specific objectives for the President's trip include:
-
A public statement by the ROKG of its commitment to
financial liberalization, including support for a
strong Uruguay Round financial services agreement.
-
Issuance of a comprehensive blueprint for financial
market liberalization, with a clear timetable for
implementation.
-
Implementation of a commitment last spring to ease
restrictions on deferred payment terms for imports by
the end of 1991.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
JAPAN
ECONOMIC THEMES
The U.S. and Japan have the single most important
bilateral economic relationship in the world.
-
With the world's two largest economies, their
actions impact many other nations, as well.
Despite disputes over trade issues, Japan has
cooperated closely with the U.S. (e.g. in the Economic
Summit and G-7 framework) to foster sustainable world
growth with low inflation, and has been very supportive
of a number of U.S. initiatives, including resolving
the debt crisis in developing countries.
However, a number of contentious economic issues in the
area of trade, financial services, and investment
plague the bilateral relationship, despite continuous
bilateral consultations.
Uruguay Round:
Agriculture is the key to compromise; Japanese need to
show leadership and contribute to a successful
conclusion.
Also need liberalization in financial services area.
Japan's External Surpluses:
We are concerned about Japan's rising current account
surplus
-
Surplus is expected to rise from $36 billion in 1990 to
$68 billion in 1991, according to the IMF). This
imbalance can disturb financial markets and feed
protectionism.
Although the U.S. trade deficit with Japan fell from a
peak of $57 billion in 1987 to about $42 billion last
year, it is beginning to increase again and still
accounted for two-thirds of the overall U.S. trade
deficit through September, 1991.
This highlights need for Japanese to maintain economic
growth and open markets.
Export Dependency and Bilateral Trade:
Although both the U.S. and Japan have major stakes in
preserving the open trading system, Japan is somewhat
more dependent on exports than the U.S.
- 2 -
-
Japan's exports of goods and services accounted
for 15 percent of GNP in 1990. For the U.S., the
figure was 10 percent.
-
The U.S. is Japan's most important market,
accounting for almost 32% of Japan's exports and
almost 22% of Japan's imports in 1990.
-
Japan is the U.S.' second most important market,
accounting for 12% of U.S. exports and 18% of U.S.
imports in 1990.
-
In finance-related service transactions (royalties
and license fees, financial services and
insurance) the U.S. has a surplus with Japan.
U.S. receipts amounted to $4.0 billion in 1990,
compared to payments of $1.4 billion.
Foreign Investment:
The U.S. market is far more open to foreign direct
investment than Japan's. This has fed Congressional
and popular concern in the U.S.
Cumulative direct investment inflows into the U.S. during
the period 1981-90 amounted to $355 billion ($80 billion
from Japan alone), compared with only $6 billion in the same
ten year period into Japan from all sources.
-
During the period 1981-90, cumulative foreign
direct investment in the U.S. represented about
5.7% of total U.S. fixed investment. In Japan,
the equivalent number was 0.1%, a difference of
more than 50:1.
Exchange Rate:
Yen/dollar rate has been quite stable since October
1991 G-7 Ministers meeting.
U.S. believes rates in G-7 countries are consistent
with balance of payments adjustment needs and
underlying economic fundamentals.
Japanese Financial Markets:
Despite U.S. efforts to open up Japan's financial
markets, Japanese banks are far more important in the
U.S. than U.S. banks in Japan. Japanese banks in the
U.S. hold 11% of U.S. banking assets; U.S. banks in
Japan hold less than 1% of Japanese bank assets.
- 3 -
We have been negotiating with the Japanese since 1984
to liberalize financial markets. Significant progess
has been achieved, but more needs to be done.
Recent financial scandals are symptomatic of the continued
lack of transparency and competition in the Japanese market.
Japan needs to take steps to reform its system and restore
international confidence.
Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) :
SII represents an important initiative to reduce
impediments to competition and adjustment of external
imbalances. SII success can help to head off
protectionism.
-
For example, U.S. has urged Japan to: increase
public infrastructure investment to improve
economic well being; reduce monopolistic effects
of keiretsu business practices; and open up
distribution system to imports,
Some progress has been achieved, but it is essential
that we re-energize the SII process by introducing new
commitments on both sides.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
AUSTRALIA
ECONOMIC THEMES
Australia has been an invaluable negotiating partner in the
Uruguay Round, especially on agricultural issues like the
CAP.
Facing its fourth year of declining agricultural income,
Australia has pressed the U.S. on farm issues:
-
It has complained about U.S. subsidized wheat sales, is
unhappy with having to negotiate with the U.S. a
voluntary restraint agreement on beef, and is concerned
about a 34% cut in its sugar import quota due to
increased U.S. production.
Australia's financial markets have been relatively closed to
foreign entry. However, under reforms recommended to
Parliament in November, foreign banks would be allowed
easier entry and operation.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
SINGAPORE
FINANCIAL SERVICES
Singapore is an important offshore financial center, and
maintains a relatively open market for foreign firms.
However, U.S. firms face discrimination in the significantly
smaller domestic market.
The U.S. seeks Singapore's support for a strong financial
services agreement in the Uruguay Round. At a minimum, the
U.S. would like to see Singapore stop blocking progress and
play a more constructive leadership role.
-
The lack of support from Singapore and the other ASEAN
countries for a strong financial services agreement in
the Uruguay Round has been very disappointing.
In the bilateral financial services negotiations, the U.S.
seeks a commitment from Singapore for a level local playing
field in both the banking and securities sectors.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
SII - U.S. Commitments
Issue:
GOJ officials have criticized the USG for not following
through on as many of its commitments as the GOJ has done. By
their count, Japan has completed 80 percent of its commitments,
while the USG has completed 20 percent, at best.
Suggested Talking Points:
--
What matters most in SII is the significance of the
undertakings, not the quantity.
--
The U.S. deserves credit for making substantial progress on
its commitments, which, in many respects, have been more
difficult politically than those that Japan has undertaken.
There is an asymmetry to U.S. and Japanese undertakings. In
many cases, Japan is being asked to open up its economy and
improve the lifestyle of its people, while the U.S. is
trying to cut public expenditures to reduce its budget
deficit and stave off protectionist pressure to close the
U.S. market.
The GOJ may have passed a larger number of pieces of SII
legislation than in the U.S., but the U.S. has resisted a
larger number of protectionist and budget-busting bills than
Japan.
In both countries, we are trying to deal with ingrained
structural problems in a way which will have a lasting
effect, even if it takes some time for their effects to be
felt.
The two most important efforts by the United States include:
o
undertaking major budget reforms, which are holding the
line on deficit spending, even in a difficult recession
year;
-
This package included tax increases that were
undertaken at great political cost, and an even
tighter rein on discretionary spending.
-
We haven't seen a sustained reduction in the
deficit numbers yet; nor has Japan in its trade
numbers. The U.S. budget deficit will come down,
though, and the reduction will be lasting.
-
In comparison, the parallel Japanese commitment to
increase public infrastructure spending benefits
numerous Japanese constituencies and is
politically popular.
2
vigorously defending open investment policy;
-
Administration has maintained its open investment
policy in the face of numerous protectionist
proposals and growing mood of isolationism.
-
In contrast, Japan's commitments are aimed at
opening its markets, with benefits for the
consumer.
[May wish to note Presidential Statement
strongly reaffirming open investment policy,
if released.]
--
In addition, U.S. has taken a number of other measures:
intensified export promotion efforts, with a particular
focus on Japan;
embarked on an ambitious program to improve workforce
education and training;
-
In April 1991, President Bush outlined strategy to
achieve national education goals, called "America
2000," which involves major reforms to primary and
secondary education system.
increased Federal support for research and development
efforts;
--
The FY 1992 budget proposed to allocate about $76
billion for R&D in 1992, an increase of over $8
billion, or 13 percent over 1991 levels. This is
the highest level ever.
and
continued to work toward strengthening incentives for
private saving and long-term investment (e.g.,
reduction of capital gains tax; enhanced IRAs; Family
Savings Accounts), despite strong political resistance.
U.S. intends to intensify these efforts.
12/9/91
Treasury