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Knights of Columbus 8/5/92 [OA 7578] [1]
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Knights of Columbus 8/5/92 [OA 7578] [1]
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Knights of Columbus 8/5/92 [OA 7578] [1]
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(Duggan/Bunton)
August 4, 1992
Draft Eight
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m.
Thank you, Virgil Dechant [DECK-ant]. Your Eminence,
Cardinal O'Connor; Cardinal Law; Cardinal Hickey; Ambassador
Meladay; Attorney General Barr; Bishop Daily; reverend clergy;
ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the evening news. 11
But what I was reading was not a report about Nineteen
ninety-two. It was a history of public attitudes in Europe in
Fourteen ninety-two! 11
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth
a man of vision and
courage.
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Now I know that every speaker comes before you and says they
identify with Columbus. But I really mean it.
Think about it. The guy was faced with questions at home
about whether his global efforts were worth a darn. Some critics
wanted him to cut his voyage short. He even faced the threat of
2
mutiny. And yet Columbus persevered and won -- (not a bad
analogy, huh?)
Now I admit
Columbus also had to worry about a lack of
wind -- I don't have that problem. I have Congress. //
This year, as in Columbus's time -- we hear a lot of talk
about change. And sure, change is natural. But maybe a better
word is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
principles that never change. 11
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They taught me that if you have something for
yourself, you should give half to a friend. They taught me to
take the blame when things go wrong and share the credit when
things go right. These ideas were supported by society.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal
theories and practices that reject our Judeo-Christian tradition.
Cardinal O'Connor eloquently describes this as an "inversion of
values." It's a deeply disturbing trend -- and it is
diametrically opposed to my idea of the kind of change that's
good for our country. 11
Last month, just 12 blocks from here, there was another
convention. Now, I didn't hear any of those speeches -- I was up
in the mountains fishing. But I understand one of the speakers,
known for his florid language, called me "the captain of the ship
of state. " 11 I'm not sure the guy meant it as a compliment, but
3
believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights of Columbus convention
the term suits me just fine. 11
I look at this office you have entrusted me with as more
than managing the economy -- more even than being Commander in
Chief. I stake my claim to a simple belief -- the President
should set the moral tone for this nation.
All around us, we see evidence that America's moral compass
has gone awry. We seem to be moving away from the enduring idea
of taking responsibility for our actions.
Our city newspapers are filled with stories of drive-by
shootings -- the taking of human life made more horrible by the
awful anonymity through which it is accomplished. And recently I
read a story of a kid from a good neighborhood charged in a gun
store robbery. He told the police -- "it's not like I'm a
criminal, I'm on the Dean's list. "//
What is happening to America? As a nation -- we face
enormous challenges in education, crime, drugs -- yet each of
them come back to the challenge of pointing our moral compass in
the right direction.
So I believe that a central issue of this election should be
-- who do you trust to renew America's moral purpose? Who do you
trust to fight for the ideas that will help rebuild our families
and restore our fundamental values?
On this -- as in so many other issues -- the other side is
talking a good game, saying the right words -- and yet when you
get down to specifics, I wonder if their commitment is to do
4
what's right to win an election, or to do what's right to win
back America?
Look at welfare.
We all know that our welfare system has destroyed the
concept of responsibility -- tearing families apart, with no
incentives for people to work and save and improve.
I want something different -- I have fought for a new
welfare system that says yes to people's lives.
Today, as we speak, states are changing welfare rules to
encourage families to stick together, not fall apart. They are
saying to recipients -- either you get training, or you don't get
a check. They are even going so far as to make the tough call of
saying to single mothers -- if you can't afford another child,
don't expect the taxpayer to pick up the added costs.
These are tough choices, but they are all intended to
promote responsibility.
The other side says they agree with us. But if you look
close, they argue that the ultimate solution to welfare is to
guarantee a government job for every recipient.
And I ask -- is this any way to promote responsibility? If
we guarantee everyone a government job -- how can we reward
initiative? -- how can we reward industry? -- how can we break
the cycles of dependency and despair?
Look at education. We know that renewing education depends
on giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kid's schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
8
Here's the case I will be taking to the American people:
Now that we have changed the world, we can change America. But
we must keep something in mind. Now that our moral values are
victorious around the globe -- we cannot and we will not abandon
them at home!
Let the other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral
fashions, I'll stick to 100 percent family values. I'm going to
defend the principles for which you stand so firm. \ We'll keep
our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our focus on
the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep a
reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest sailing
trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
#
7
Let me be clear to the American people. If you're looking
to restore America's moral fiber, why buy synthetic, when you can
get real cotton?
This is the choice we face. Nowhere is it more clear in the
decisions a President must make every day to build real peace: to
establish freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third world war. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more --- and our kids no
longer face the threat of nuclear war.
But while the Soviet bear is no more, there are still plenty
of wolves in the woods. When we faced our first big challenge
after the Cold War, we didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam's
aggression and expelled him from Kuwait. We protected the people
of Israel and Saudi Arabia. Now we've brought age-old
adversaries to the peace table for the first time. His Holiness,
Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work and in
prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am President,
I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about that peace
that so many pray for. 11
5
of parents, but I don't think anyone will be fooled. Remember
how old Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they could have
any color Model T they wanted -- so long as it was black? Well,
the other side says their ideal is that parents could choose any
school for their kids -- so long as it's run by the government.
11 My opponent won the teachers union endorsement by saying he's
"unalterably opposed" -- those are his words, "unalterably
opposed" -- to letting Catholic parents and other private school
parents have a fair share of education benefits. 11
My plan is different -- I call it the G.I. Bill for Kids. \
Right now, if you want an alternative to public schools, you have
to pay twice -- first for tuition and again through taxes. A
couple weeks ago, I was in Philadelphia. A group of parents told
me, "we want our kids to go to Catholic school, but we just can't
afford it.' So my solution is the G.I. Bill. Like the original
G.I. Bill, my new bill offers scholarships or vouchers for
students to take to any qualified school -- not only public
schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas, and Catholic parish
schools. The principle is basic. When it comes to schools, let
the parents choose! 11
What about promoting religion as a force for good in our
society. I'm reminded of the story about a small boy who once
began a prayer this way: "God bless mother and daddy, my brother
and sister. And, God," he said, "do take care of yourself. If
anything happens to you, we're all sunk." America is still the
most religious nation on earth, and I want to strengthen our
6
faith further. The other side gathered here in New York and
crammed 10,000 words into their party platform. I would have
found room for three simple letters -- "G-O-D."/ The other side
thinks it's fine to hand-out condoms in school but not to put
your hands together to say a prayer. I disagree. I call again
on Congress to pass a constitutional amendment restoring
voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's allow the faith of our
Fathers back into our schools. 11
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence.
Seven times I have ignored the polls and acted on principle --
and vetoed abortion legislation. And I promise you again today,
no matter the political price, I will stand on conscience, I will
turn away any abortion-on demand legislation. //
As you look at all these issues, a clear pattern emerges.
Both sides talk about restoring values like personal
responsibility, but only one side has the courage to take a
stand.
So the question is -- Who do you trust: those with the
courage to stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? or
the side that talks a good game -- but whose record and example
make a mockery of their words?
looking h can
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THE WHITE house
WASHINGTON
Paul Simmos
Dep. Ast. See
Pubhi Heal th Health
sevin
690-6867
Doug Johnson- Fed. legis
National Right to Life Committee
Noone in CEC- has anything
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Philis Schey Engle Form
[Faning WDC life Foundation]
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Michael 546-3000 Schwartz
SENT BY:
7-27-92 : 15:18 :
2024566218:# 1/13
8
Michal
RIGHT TO LIFE
Suite 500, 419 7th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20004-2293 - (202) 626-8800
committee, inc.
- - 619-9610
FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION COVER SHEET
690-6867
DATE: 7/27/92
Phblic health
seni @HAS
TO:
Lars Pierson
EMILY
NAME:
OF:
W.H. SPEECHWRITING
FAX NUMBER:
456-6218
FROM:
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COMMENTS DUE 1V80N 12
PAGE
1
LEVEL 1 - 1 OF 15 STORIES
Copyright 1992 The Atlanta Constitution
The Atlanta Journal and Constitution
June 30, 1992
SECTION: STATE NEWS; Section D; Page 4
LENGTH: 134 words
HEADLINE: Parental consent backed
BYLINE: By John Harmon STAFF WRITER
KEYWORD: courts; regulations; law; government; rights; voting; elections;
reviews; legislation; abortion; protests
BODY:
One aspect the Supreme Court upheld was the requirement that at least one
parent consent before a minor child can have an abortion. Mr. Deal said he
supports that limitation.
"We require parental permission in this state to go to summer camp or get
your ears pierced, 11 he noted. "I think we should require at least that much
for something this serious."
But on the issue of gun control, all but one candidate took a conservative
tack more in keeping with the mostly rural North Georgia district. Only Mr. Orr
said he supports a nationwide waiting period on handgun purchases.
The same was true for giving the president a line-item veto over spending
legislation, a power many governors have; only Mr. Orr voiced opposition.
"It would give dictatorial powers to one person," he contended.
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PAGE
4
LEVEL 1 - 3 OF 15 STORIES
Copyright 1992 Newsday, Inc.
Newsday
May 11, 1992, Monday, CITY EDITION
SECTION: NEWS; Pg. 19
LENGTH: 597 words
HEADLINE: 0' Connor Backs Bill;
Doctors may have to notify parents before teen abortion
BYLINE: By David Glovin. STAFF WRITER
KEYWORD: JOHN O'CONNOR; ABORTION; PARENT; LAW; PROPOSED; MOTHERS DAY
BODY:
As abortion-rights activists marched outside, Cardinal John O'Connor
yesterday used part of his Mother's Day sermon to praise pending state
legislation that would require doctors to notify the parents of minors before
performing an abortion.
Speaking in his weekly sermon, O'Connor also extolled the Bronx legislator
who introduced the bill. "God bless you," he said to Assemb. John Dearie
(D-Bronx), as applause filled St. Patrick's Cathedral.
"In a state in which, as far as I know, you must have parental permission
to have your ears pierced or your tonsils out, one would think few if any
legislators would resist proposed legislation that would require merely
notifying a parent if it's reasonably possible," 0' Connor said.
Dearie's bill would require parental notification 48 hours before a doctor
performs an abortion on a woman 17 or younger, unless there is a medical
emergency or the woman has obtained a family court judge's authorization.
Dearie's bill does not require a parent's consent for the operation.
The U.S. Supreme Court in 1990 upheld parental notification laws that provide
teenagers with the option of gaining a judge's approval. Last year, the first
parental notification bill ever introduced in New York failed to pass the
Assembly, where numerous parental consent bills have failed to pass in the last
decade.
0' Connor also used his Mother's Day sermon to honor single mothers, who he
said are "so often treated with contempt, so infrequently appreciated, deserted
by the man responsible for their babies, yet courageously bringing those babies
into the world."
0' Connor restated the archdiocese's offer of free medical care, legal
assistance or adoption counseling to women who choose not to have an abortion.
And the Cardinal praised "those who mother children spiritually" those "who
are laying down their lives to protect and to enhance other human lives,"
including "the unborn."
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PAGE
5
Newsday, May 11, 1992
Outside St. Patrick's, about 40 members of a group called Women's Health
Action and Mobilization condemned Dearie's bill and 0' Connor's involvement.
Calling the Cardinal sexist, the group marched amid a gauntlet of police as
parishioners arrived at church.
One of the protestors, Christine Ryan, 17, of Richmond Hill, Queens, said, "I
do not come from a family where I can sit down at breakfast and say, 'Mom, Dad,
I had sexual relations with a guy. I'm pregnant. I'm going to get an abortion.
See you at five."
The group also criticized a reception in support of Dearie's bill which
0' Connor sponsored for legislators in March.
Dearie's bill is pending in the Assembly's Health Committee and needs 10
committee members' support before it reaches the full house. Dearie said the
bill lacks the necessary backing but that several pro-choice legislators have
quietly voiced their approval. He would not identify the legislators.
The Bronx Democrat added that the bill is backed by 50 legislators in the
full Assembly and 15 in the State Senate, where it is sponsored by Sen. Frank
Padavan (R-Queens).
"Those who oppose this legislation are going to try to make this a litmus
test for people - pro-choice or pro-life - [but] I want to underscore that our
anaylsis of the bill is that it is a pro-family bill," Dearie said during a news
conference immediately after yesterday's service.
Dearie said he recognized that "a byproduct of this legislation" may be fewer
teenage abortions. According to a fact sheet distributed by a St. Patrick's
spokesman yesterday, a similar Massachusetts law produced a 28 percent drop in
teenage abortions.
GRAPHIC: Newsday Photo by Jon Naso- Abortion-rights demonstrators in costume for
march near St. Patrick's Cathedral
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PAGE
2
LEVEL 1 - 2 OF 15 STORIES
Copyright 1992 American Political Network, Inc.
Health Line
June 24, 1992
SECTION: THE NATIONAL DEBATE
LENGTH: 1027 words
HEADLINE: ABORTION: LEGISLATORS PUSH FOR SAFEGUARD
BODY:
SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER reports, "Pro-choice legislators
in Congress stand ready to push ahead with a bill to guarantee
abortion rights by statute if the Supreme Court decides to
seriously limit access to abortions." The Freedom of Choice Act
(F OCA) was designed by the legislators to safeguard the rights
protected by Roe V. Wade. FOCA reads: "A state may not restrict
the reproductive right of a woman to choose to terminate a
pregnancy before fetal viability." After viability, states could
restrict abortions except in cases where the health or life of
the woman are at risk. Supporters of the bill say it serves to
"codify Roe" while opponents of the bill say it is "more sweeping
than the original Roe decision and would strip away state
abortion curbs that the Supreme Court has allowed over the years,
including restrictions on abortions in the second trimester of
pregnancy and requirements that minors get the permission of
parents before having an abortion." FOCA could "increase the
importance of abortion as a congressional campaign issue" because
members who "might prefer to waffle will be forced to take a
clear position -- voting on the bill and perhaps on a series of
weakening amendments that anti-abortion forces will try to
offer." Advocates of the bill, such as House Speaker Tom Foley
(D-WA), hope to force floor action and a "showdown vote" by the
end of summer. President Bush: "I will veto it now, I will veto
it again, it will not become a law as long as I am president."
It is extremely unlikely that the bill will draw support from two
thirds of each chamber to override the veto this year. Nat'l.
Abortion Rights Action League spokeswoman Loretta Ucelli said
that forcing a vote, even in the event of a veto, would be
worthwhile because it will show voters that "either a pro-choice
president or a veto-proof, pro-choice Congress" is needed to
safeguard abortion rights. From a legal standpoint, however,
there is debate over whether Congress has the power to "force
such legislation upon unwilling states" without a constitutional
amendment (Christopher Hanson, 6/23).
MINORS: According to the CHICAGO SUN-TIMES, the AMA "is
considering a policy that for the first time explicitly states
that doctors do not need parental permission before performing an
abortion on an unmarried minor." The AMA's policy-setting House
of Delegates will vote this week on the proposal. Joseph
Scheidler, director of the Pro-Life Action League says, "My
daughter cannot have her ears pierced without my permission. Now
the AMA is saying that they want doctors to be able to take a
girl in for major surgery" without parental notification (Howard
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3
Health Line, June 24, 1992
Wolinsky, 6/23). Eighteen states currently require parental
consent for a teen to have an abortion. Similar laws have been
blocked by the courts in nine other states (Tim Friend, USA
TODAY, 6/24).
NUMBERS: CBS/N.Y. Times poll (see HEALTH LINE, 6/23) of
1,315 adults surveyed 6/17-20; margin of error +/- 3% asked the
following abortion-related questions (CBS release, 6/22).
IF COURT OVERTURNS ROE, SHOULD STATES LIMIT ABORTION?
TOT
GOP
DEM
IND
Yes
56%
57%
55%
56%
No
41
40
41
40
Don't Know
3
3
4
4
ABORTION AVAILABILITY SHOULD BE
...
TOT
GOP
DEM
IND
Made to all
42%
40%
42%
43%
Available but stricter
39
41
38
39
No permitted
17
18
17
16
Don't Know
2
1
3
2
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OFFICE OF PRESIDENTIAL SPEECHWRITING
FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET
Number of Pages (Including Cover) 9
To JANE BARNETT
Fax Number 212-421-7631
Date 5 AUGUST 1992
From JEANNIE BUNTON
Office Number 202-456-7750
******
COMMENTS
******
As PROMSED. CLOSE HOLD.
BRINE ME A NEWYORK BAGEL/ OR
A FUNNY HAT.
JBUNTON
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
August 4, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
THROUGH:
STEVE PROVOST
FROM:
JOSEPH P. DUGGAN DPA
SUBJECT:
PROPOSED REMARKS TO KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
I. SUMMARY
On Wednesday, August 5 at 11:00 a.m., you will deliver
remarks to an audience of 2,200 members of the Knights of
Columbus at their 110th Annual Supreme Council Convention at the
Marriott Marquis in New York City.
II. DISCUSSION
Your remarks (approximately 15 minutes / teleprompter),
follow the theme that change must be based on principles that
never change, such as family and personal responsibility. This
theme is tied to the issues of welfare, education, school prayer
and abortion. The sound bite of the day is: when it comes to
restoring America's moral fiber, why choose synthetics when you
can get real cotton?
(Duggan/Bunton)
August 4, 1992
Draft Eight
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m.
Thank you, Virgil Dechant. Your Eminence, Cardinal
'Connor; reverend clergy; ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the evening news. 11
But what I was reading was not a report about Nineteen
ninety-two. It was a history of public attitudes in Europe in
Fourteen ninety-two! 11
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth.
a man of vision and
courage.
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Now I know that every speaker comes before you and says they
identify with Columbus. But I really mean it.
Think about it. The guy was faced with questions at home
about whether his global efforts were worth a darn. Some critics
2
wanted him to cut his voyage short. He even faced the threat of
mutiny. And yet Columbus perservered and won -- (not a bad
analogy, huh?)
Now I admit
Columbus also had to combat food shortages
and hurricanes -- which I don't face at all. But then again, did
Columbus ever have to deal with Congress?
This year, as in Columbus's time --- we hear a lot of talk
about change. And sure, change is natural. But maybe a better
word is. renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
principles that never change. 11
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They taught me that if you have something for
yourself, you should give half to a friend. They taught me to
take the blame when things go wrong and share the credit when
things go right. These ideas were supported by society.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal
theories and practices that reject our Judeo-Christian tradition.
Cardinal O'Connor eloquently describes this as an "inversion of
values.' It's a deeply disturbing trend -- and it is
diametrically opposed to my idea of the kind of change that's
good for our country. 11
Last month, just 12 blocks from here, there was another
convention. Now, I didn't hear any of those speeches -- I was up
in the mountains fishing. But I understand one of the speakers,
known for his florid language, called me "the captain of the ship
3
of state. I'm not sure the guy meant it as a compliment, but
believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights of Columbus convention
...
the term suits me just fine. 11
I look at this office you have entrusted me with as more
than managing the economy -- more even than being Commander in
Chief. I stake my claim to a simple belief -- the President
should set the moral tone for this nation.
All around us, we see evidence that America's moral compass
has gone awry. We seem to be moving away from the enduring idea
of taking responsibility for our actions.
Our city newspapers are filled with stories of drive-by
shootings -- the taking of human life made more horrible by the
awful anonymity through which it is accomplished. And recently I
read a story of a kid from a good neighborhood charged with gun-
running. He told the police -- "it's not like I'm a criminal,
I'm on the Dean's list. "//
What is happening to America? As a nation -- we face
enormous challenges in education, crime, drugs -- yet each of
them come back to the challenge of pointing our moral compass in
the right direction.
So I believe that a central issue of this election should be
-- who do you trust to renew America's moral purpose? Who do you
trust to fight for the ideas that will help rebuild our families
and restore our fundamental values?
On this -- as in so many other issues -- the other side is
talking a good game, saying the right words -- and yet when you
4
get down to specifics, I wonder if their commitment is to do
what's right to win an election, or to do what's right to win
back America?
Look at welfare.
We all know that our welfare system has destroyed the
concept of responsibility -- tearing families apart, with no
incentives for people to work and save and improve.
I want something different -- I have fought for a new
welfare system that says yes to people's lives.
Today, as we speak, states are changing welfare rules to
encourage families to stick together, not fall apart. They
are saying to recipients -- either you get training, or you
don't get a check. They are even going so far as to make the
tough call of saying to single mothers -- if you can't afford
another child, don't expect the taxpayer to pick up the added
costs.
These are tough choices, but they are all intended to
promote responsibility.
The other side says they agree with us. But if you look
close, they argue that the ultimate solution to welfare is to
gaurantee a government job for every recipient.
And I ask -- is this any way to promote responsibility? If
we guarantee everyone a government job -- how can we reward
initiative? -- how can we reward industry? -- how can we break
the cycles of dependency and despair?
5
Look at education. We know that renewing education depends
on giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kid's schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone will be fooled. Remember
how old Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they could have
any color Model T they wanted -- so long as it's black? Well,
n 92 151/
the other side says their ideal is that parents could choose any
school for their kids -- so long as it's run by the government.
11 My opponent won the teachers union endorsement by saying he's
"unalterably opposed" -- those are his words, "unalterably
opposed" -- to letting Catholic parents and other private school
parents have a fair share of education benefits. 11
I
it
children
My plan is different -- it's called the G.I. Bill for Kids
Right now, if you want an alternative to public schools, you
have to pay twice -- first for tuition and again through taxes.
A couple weeks ago, I was in Philadelphia. A group of parents
told me, "we want our kids to go to Catholic school, but we just
can't afford it.' So my solution is the G.I. Bill. Like the
original G.I. Bill, my new bill offers scholarships or vouchers
for students to take to any qualified school -- not only public
schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas, and Catholic parish
schools. The principle is basic. When it comes to schools, let
the parents choose! 11
What about promoting religion as a force for good in our
society. I'm reminded of the story about a small boy who once
began a prayer this way: "God bless mother and daddy, my brother
- J.Stindmer 7th is China rather
than us
(carrey say. POTUS her) )
Whoer
6
spacing
and sister. And, God, " he said, "do take care of yourself. If
anything happens to you, we're all sunk." America is still the
most religious nation on earth, and I want to strengthen our
faith further.
The other side gathered here in New York and
words
crammed 10,000 letters into their party platform. I probably
}
would have found room for three simple letters -- "G-O-D."/
The other side thinks it's fine to hand-out condoms in school but
not to put your hands together to say a prayer. I disagree. I
call again on Congress to pass a constitutional amendment
restoring voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's allow the
faith of our Fathers back into our schools.
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence
Six
times I have ignored the polls and acted on principle -- and
vetoed abortion legislation. And I promise again to you today,
no matter the political price, I will stand on conscience, I will
turn away any abortion-on demand legislation. //
As you look at all these issues, a clear pattern emerges.
Both sides talk about restoring values like personal
responsibility, but only one side has the courage to take a
stand.
Metzaer and
So the question is -- Who do you trust: those with the John Earcher
courage to stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? or
times $
I time pokay
7
the side that talks a good game -- but whose record and example
make a mockery of their words?
Let me be clear to the American people. If you're looking
to restore America's moral fiber, why buy synthetic, when you can
get real cotton?
This is the choice we face. Nowhere is it more clear in the
decisions a President must make every day to build real peace: to
establish freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third world war. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the threat of nuclear war.
Soviety
But while the Russian bear is no more, there are still
plenty of wolves in the woods. When we faced our first big
challenge after the Cold War, we didn't shrink. We stood up to
Saddam's aggression and expelled him from Kuwait. We protected
the people of Israel and Saudi Arabia. Now we've brought age-
old adversaries to the peace table for the first time. His
Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work
and in prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am
8
President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about
that peace that so many pray for. 11
Here's the case I will be taking to the American people:
Now that we have changed the world, we can change America. But
we must keep something in mind. Now that our moral values are
victorious around the globe -- we cannot and we will not abandon
them at home!
Let the other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral
fashions, I'll stick to 100 percent family values. I'm going to
defend the principles for which you stand so firm. \ We'll keep
our sights on what's good. in America. We'll keep our focus on
the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep a
reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest sailing
trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
" tip top shape"
#
#
#
blue collar
OSA
t
BISHOP DAILY (Thomas)
27 of DAIS BHIND POTUS
Ambassador thomas Melady - to Am. Emb.@Vatican
XX
Cardinal HICKEY
Cardinal Lan
)
Vaser. Barr attorning Gen.
1
several have brought their wives 847-ROAM
D
Supreme pir ; C offin
Bob Poviable Barnett
Van Pinef ph.
-wice
kale
then you
fu a Jane
fut p to stall officen officer
Jane Barnett
*** w/ACKS
(Duggan/Bunton)
August 4, 1992
Draft Eight
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m.
Thank you, Virgil Dechant [DECK-ant]. Your Eminence,
Cardinal O'Connor; Cardinal Law; Cardinal Hickey; Ambassador
Meladay; Attorney General Barr; Bishop Daily; reverend clergy;
ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the evening news.
But what I was reading was not a report about Nineteen
ninety-two. It was a history of public attitudes in Europe in
Fourteen ninety-two!
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth.
a man of vision and
courage
a man named Christopher Columbus.
nouble check
Now I know that every speaker comes before you and says they
identify with Columbus. But I really mean it.
Think about it. The guy was faced with questions at home
about whether his global efforts were worth a darn. Some critics
wanted him to cut his voyage short. He even faced the threat of
198-M
donble check
wronged change:
Chapter Admiral 14-17 occard SCR)
2
[WS]. 3 Aug
mutiny. And yet Columbus persevered and won -- (not a bad
analogy, huh?)
wong also a lack of wind
inconstant winds
Now I admit
Columbus also had to combat food shortages
a flat sca
have that prob worried about running outof food
and hurricanes
)
which I don't face at all. But then again, did
was
I have
Columbus ever have to deal with Congress?
than then thought a should
took/tabing them longer
This year, as in Columbus's time -- we hear a lot of talk
take
about change. And sure, change is natural. But maybe a better
word is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
principles that never change.
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They taught me that if you have something for
yourself, you should give half to a friend. They taught me to
take the blame when things go wrong and share the credit when
things go right. These ideas were supported by society.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal
theories and practices that reject our Judeo-Christian tradition.
Cardinal O'Connor eloquently describes this as an "inversion of
values." It's a deeply disturbing trend -- and it is
diametrically opposed to my idea of the kin
good for our country.
Last month, just 12 blocks from here,
Leigh Ann Metzger
convention. Now, I didn't hear any of thos
final on either
in the mountains fishing. But I understand
speech?
known for his florid language, called me "t
of state. " \\ I'm not sure the guy meant i
3
believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights of Columbus convention
the term suits me just fine.
I look at this office you have entrusted me with as more
no
than managing the economy -- more even than being Commander in
Chief. I stake my claim to a simple belief -- the President
hyphers
should set the moral tone for this nation.
All around us, we see evidence that America's moral compass
has gone awry. We seem to be moving away from the enduring idea
of taking responsibility for our actions.
Our city newspapers are filled with stories of drive-by
shootings -- the taking of human life made more horrible by the
awful anonymity through which it is accomplished. And recently I
POST ARTICLE "29th
read a story of a kid from a good neighborhood charged with gun
m a major
Store burglary
drop major
running. He told the police -- "it's not like I'm a criminal,
I'm on the Dean's list. "//
What is happening to America? As a nation -- we face
MC me Now
enormous challenges in education, crime, drugs -- yet each of
them come back to the challenge of pointing our moral compass in
the right direction.
So I believe that a central issue of this election should be
-- who do you trust to renew America's moral purpose? Who do you
trust to fight for the ideas that will help rebuild our families
and restore our fundamental values?
On this -- as in so many other issues -- the other side is
talking a good game, saying the right words -- and yet when you
get down to specifics, I wonder if their commitment is to do
4
what's right to win an election, or to do what's right to win
back America?
Look at welfare.
We all know that our welfare system has destroyed the
concept of responsibility -- tearing families apart, with no
incentives for people to work and save and improve.
I want something different -- I have fought for a new
welfare system that says yes to people's lives.
Today, as we speak, states are changing welfare rules to
encourage families to stick together, not fall apart. They
are saying to recipients -- either you get training, or you
don't get a check. They are even going so far as to make the
tough call of saying to single mothers -- if you can't afford
another child, don't expect the taxpayer to pick up the added
costs.
These are tough choices, but they are all intended to
promote responsibility.
The other side says they agree with us. But if you look
close, they argue that the ultimate solution to welfare is to
guarantee a government job for every recipient.
And I ask -- is this any way to promote responsibility? If
we guarantee everyone a government job -- how can we reward
initiative? -- how can we reward industry? -- how can we break
the cycles of dependency and despair?
Look at education. We know that renewing education depends
on giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
5
their kid's schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone will be fooled. Remember
how old Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they could have
was
any color Model T they wanted -- so long as it's black? Well,
the other side says their ideal is that parents could choose any
school for their kids -- so long as it's run by the government.
11 My opponent won the teachers union endorsement by saying he's
"unalterably opposed" -- those are his words, "unalterably
opposed" -- to letting Catholic parents and other private school
parents have a fair share of education benefits. \\
My plan is different -- I call it the G.I. Bill for Kids. \
Right now, if you want an alternative to public schools, you have
to pay twice -- first for tuition and again through taxes. A
couple weeks ago, I was in Philadelphia. A group of parents told
me, "we want our kids to go to Catholic school, but we just can't
afford it. " So my solution is the G.I. Bill. Like the original
G.I. Bill, my new bill offers scholarships or vouchers for
students to take to any qualified school --- not only public
schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas, and Catholic parish
schools. The principle is basic. When it comes to schools, let
the parents choose! \\
What about promoting religion as a force for good in our
society. I'm reminded of the story about a small boy who once
began a prayer this way: "God bless mother and daddy, my brother
and sister. And, God," he said, "do take care of yourself. If
anything happens to you, we're all sunk." America is still the
6
most religious nation on earth, and I want to strengthen our
faith further. The other side gathered here in New York and
crammed 10,000 words into their party platform. I would have
found room for three simple letters -- "G-O-D."/ The other side
thinks it's fine to hand-out condoms in school but not to put
your hands together to say a prayer. I disagree. I call again
on Congress to pass a constitutional amendment restoring
voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's allow the faith of our
Fathers back into our schools.
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence.
Seven times I have ignored the polls and acted on principle --
and vetoed abortion legislation. And I promise you again today,
no matter the political price, I will stand on conscience, I will
turn away any abortion-on demand legislation.//
)
As you look at all these issues, a clear pattern emerges.
Both sides talk about restoring values like personal
responsibility, but only one side has the courage to take a
stand.
So the question is -- Who do you trust: those with the
courage to stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? Or
the side that talks a good game -- but whose record and example
make a mockery of their words?
7
Let me be clear to the American people. If you're looking
to restore America's moral fiber, why buy synthetic, when you can
get real cotton?
This is the choice we face. Nowhere is it more clear in the
decisions a President must make every day to build real peace: to
establish freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third world war. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the threat of nuclear war.
But while the Soviet bear is no more, there are still plenty
of wolves in the woods. When we faced our first big challenge
after the Cold War, we didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam's
aggression and expelled him from Kuwait. We protected the people
of Israel and Saudi Arabia. Now we've brought age-old
adversaries to the peace table for the first time. His
Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work
and in prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am
President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about
that peace that so many pray for.
8
Here's the case I will be taking to the American people:
Now that we have changed the world, we can change America. But
we must keep something in mind. Now that our moral values are
victorious around the globe -- we cannot and we will not abandon
them at home!
Let the other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral
fashions, I'll stick to 100 percent family values. I'm going to
defend the principles for which you stand so firm. \ We'll keep
our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our focus on
the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep a
reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest sailing
trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons.
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
#
PAGE
2
2ND STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1992 The Washington Post
The Washington Post
June 29, 1992, Monday, Final Edition
SECTION: METRO; PAGE D1
LENGTH: 1122 words
HEADLINE: Youth in Gun Case Proves a Puzzlement;
Suspect Is Business Student on Dean's List
SERIES: Occasional
BYLINE: Pierre Thomas, Washington Post Staff Writer
BODY:
Matthew Stong, 20 years old, former Eagle Scout and an honor roll student
at George Washington University, did not fit the usual profile of a gunrunner.
But there he was, his wiry frame in the shadows of the Potomac Arms gun store
in Old Town Alexandria and 90 powerful handguns worth $ 75,000 stuffed in three
nearby duffel bags.
It was shortly before daybreak on April 24, during a two-year stretch in
which more than 40 robberies and burglaries of area gun stores had netted more
than 1,300 firearms, that business major Stong was arrested with William 0.
Lara, 30, a convicted felon from Texas, and led away in handcuffs.
The question of how Stong, who as a teenager had minor brushes with the law,
came to be charged in a major gun store burglary has intrigued federal and local
authorities, who are examining whether he and Lara may have been involved in
gunrunning in the District.
Police say Stong is not the type of person they would expect to have
connections to the dangerous and highly profitable underworld of weapons
trafficking.
Now authorities are trying to determine whether Stong was an equal partner in
the alleged crime or a young overachiever caught in a misadventure.
Charged with statutory burglary, the college junior and Lara each face a
20-year prison sentence if convicted. They are scheduled to face grand jury
proceedings this summer.
"It's not like I am a criminal," said Stong, sporting a new-wave haircut,
Mickey Mouse T-shirt and shorts imprinted with green turtles during an interview
outside his Foggy Bottom town house. "I scored 1,400 on my SAT.
I'm on the
dean's list here
Now they want to throw me in prison."
In statements to police and in two interviews, Stong said he was coerced into
the burglary attempt.
At the same time, some statements Stong has made to police suggest he had
knowledge of illegal gun activity, court records show. And he once told police
TM
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The Washington Post, June 29, 1992
that going to the gun store was "daring."
He has told police that in recent months, he had allowed Lara to store
weapons briefly in his apartment and later saw the weapons in a drug-plagued
Southeast Washington neighborhood that he visited with Lara, the records say. He
also said Lara gave a weapon to a friend while the two were visiting Arizona.
Lara, who declined to be interviewed, recently was charged with burglary in
an earlier incident at Potomac Arms in which dozens of guns were stolen. Two of
those weapons have been recovered from District residents, one in a drug raid
near Potomac Gardens, which has been targeted recently by police officials, the
other from a District man wearing a bulletproof vest at the time he was
interviewed by police.
Stong was reared as one of seven children in a military family that spent
time in Kansas, New Mexico, Mississippi and Germany before moving to Fairfax
County.
Stong's parents would not comment about their son's case, but by all accounts
he was a young man living a decidedly middle-class life in a conservative Mormon
family, according to several sources.
Active in the church, Stong was in the top 10 percent of his class at West
Potomac High School, from which he graduated in 1989. He was a member of the
debate team and the Future Business Leaders of America club.
"Matt was a bright kid," said Charles J. Little, who coached Stong's crew
team for two years. "He was a good kid.
When I heard about the arrest, I
was surprised because it did not fit the Matt I know
I would expect Matt
to do something mischievous, but nothing illegal."
After graduation, Stong enrolled in George Washington University, a private
institution with about 8,000 undergraduates that charges $ 15,900 a year in
tuition for a full-time student. He has studied business and economics, making
the dean's list, a university official confirmed.
Stong was arrested by police in 1990. He was convicted in Prince William
County of stealing stereo equipment, two speakers, a walkie-talkie, tapes and
tools. After two felony larceny charges were reduced to misdemeanor counts,
Stong received suspended sentences and was ordered to do 40 hours of community
service work.
Stong's family supported him throughout the ordeal and suggested that he was
a naive youth swept into trouble by other juveniles.
According to several sources, Stong's father wrote a letter reminding court
officials that his son had cooperated with police and was an exemplary youth
whose immaturity led him to become entangled with delinquents.
Stong met Lara in February or March of this year through a former student at
George Washington University, police sources and Stong said.
Stong said he did not know about Lara's criminal record, including an
eight-year prison sentence in Texas on burglary charges. Before his release in
June 1990, Lara had violated parole three times and his release was revoked
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The Washington Post, June 29, 1992
twice, Texas corrections officials said. He came to Washington soon after.
The two began partying together, and Lara soon became a companion,
occasionally staying over at Stong's home, police and Stong said.
It was then, Stong said in interviews and statements to police, that he
sometimes saw Lara with heavy-duty firearms.
Before their April arrests, "Willie Lara brought a bag with four guns to my
apartment," Stong said in a statement to police. The weapons included an assault
rifle and a machine pistol. He said he later saw the guns at an apartment in
Potomac Gardens, which he visited with Lara.
On another occasion, when he and Lara traveled to Phoenix, Lara gave a friend
of Stong's a Smith & Wesson 9mm handgun, Stong said.
On the day of the break-in, Stong said in the interview, he "didn't know
[Lara] was planning on breaking in until we got there."
"He asked me to take him to Chadwick's, an Old Town restaurant, Stong said.
"The next thing I knew he was up on the roof."
The arrest of the two men has left members of the District's Rapid Deployment
Unit, Alexandria police and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms trying
to find out where the guns were destined. Much of the focus has been on Lara,
who has been arrested twice since the April burglary attempt.
Lara was released on $ 5,000 bond by Alexandria officials, and was arrested
again on May 21 in the District by U.S. Park Police and charged with carrying a
pistol without a license. A few days later, Lara was arrested again and charged
with another burglary after the firearm was traced to a February theft at
Potomac Arms, when 41 guns were stolen.
In an interview, Stong said he felt "terrible" about his arrest and the
events that led to it.
"I know that people in D.C. get killed every day," he said.
Staff writer Avis Thomas-Lester contributed to this report.
GRAPHIC: PHOTO, MATTHEW STONG
TYPE: VIRGINIA NEWS, DC NEWS
SUBJECT: ARRESTS; FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES LAWS; BURGLARY AND THEFT AND LARCENY
ORGANIZATION: ALEXANDRIA CITY
NAMED-PERSONS: MATTHEW STONG; WILLIAM O. LARA
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WASH POST: 07/01/92
DOROTHY GILLIAM
120
Crime and Stereotypes
he conceit of the honor roll student is daring.
T
The George Washington University
Stong told police that he had allowed Lara to
business student was caught by police near
store assault weapons in his Foggy Bottom
the Potomac Arms gun store in Old Town
apartment and later saw some of the same weapons
Alexandria with 90 handguns worth $75,000
at an apartment in Potomac Gardens in Southeast.
jammed into three duffel bags. Along with a
Gunrunning in the District of Columbia is a
convicted felon from Texas, he was arrested and
serious matter; during just a four-year period, the
charged with statutory burglary.
number of homicides has doubled. The villains are
Not the type! said the police.
crack cocaine and semiautomatic weapons.
Surprised! said a former instructor.
A Washington Post editorial yesterday was on
A puzzlement! said the media.
target in observing: "The drugs and guns fueling
Impossible! said the alleged felon.
"It's not like I am a criminal," Matthew Stong,
the city's violence are strictly smuggled imports:
20, told this newspaper. "I scored 1,400 on my
the cocaine from overseas, the weapons from a
SAT
I'm on the dean's list here.
Now they
black market trade that probably couldn't survive
want to throw me in prison."
without the gun stores of Virginia and Maryland."
Why is there such incredulity here? The annals of
So this young man-who seems to believe his
crime are paved with the names of people with high
credentials put him above the law-allegedly is
credentials.
involved in a dangerous, extremely volatile crime
We make the mistake of equating intelligence
with honesty, when criminal behavior has to do
that is killing at an alarming rate, wrecking
with the absence of character.
families, destroying neighborhoods and setting this
Certainly it is unusual for a college student to be
whole city atremble.
caught before daybreak with $75,000 worth of
Stong told police, and said in two interviews, that
guns in tow-and that uniqueness was in large part
he was coerced into the burglary attempt by Lara.
the reason the incident received so much attention.
But even if you accept that, he not only let a friend
A college student, after all, is expected to be more
come to his apartment with weapons and store
idealistically career-oriented.
them there, but also saw the friend give another
The case has yet to come to trial. But I was
man a weapon. Yet he told none of this to
disturbed by the implication that being on the
authorities.
dean's list bestows automatic integrity, or that high
Now he says he knows that "people in D.C. get
Scholastic Aptitude Test scores eliminate greed.
killed every day." But curiously, he was not worried
That this youth seems to believe that his academic
about that until he was caught.
success should excuse his alleged behavior is
His story, at a minimum, calls into question a
mind-boggling.
rampant stereotype: White college boys don't
When the motivation is greed and when
commit felonies.
Well, it's not true.
character is flawed, it is just as plausible for a
And this incident, whatever the outcome, should
college student as it is for some poor guy from
teach police and the media that crime-not culture,
Southeast Washington to get involved in crime.
not color, not intelligence-makes the criminal.
That the items allegedly stolen are guns and that
police are examining whether Stong and William O.
Lara, the convicted felon from Texas, may have
been involved in gunrunning make the young man's
attitude even more surprising.
much
They are planning to spend well over $350 billion for
new planes now on the drawing boards when a
the
fraction of that will do.
troops
On the ground, the Army has five light infantry
tegic bom.
divisions for rapid deployment to brush-fire wars
air cover foi
and the Marines have three, costing $2 billion apiece
Neither the 1
per year. The Pentagon is spending billions more on
buy airlift to transpo.
fast sealift ships to transport the Army, amphibious
idly to the fighting front.
ships for the Marines and prepositioning ships to
Marines have air forces of in
store equipment and supplies for both.
cover their troops. Army helice,
Such duplication of effort wastes billions of
aren't deemed good enough to trans,
dollars and still leaves holes in America's defenses.
The Marines want to spend billions on a
As defense budgets shrink, it will be imperative to
aircraft, the part-helicopter, part-plane Os,
reshape the armed forces to retain their potency
Back in 1948, an agreement was negotial
despite reduced rations.
Key West, Fla., to divide responsibilities among
That's why Senator Sam Nunn is bravely
services. It barred the Army, for example, from
mounting a frontal assault to redefine service roles
having fixed-wing aircraft. But changing military
and missions. His colleagues in Congress would do
technology and expanding bureaucracies have
t
well to rally to his cause.
made the existing division of responsibilities obso-
er A
lete. There is no good reason today why the Army
and the Marines need different helicopters, or the
Each service fights for its preferred roles and
Air Force needs helicopters at all.
Pla.
missions and tries to keep its rivals from perform-
As the Persian Gulf war showed, the military
ing them. Marines complain, for example, that they
that can integrate forces for combined operations
To the 1
were left offshore as decoys during the Persian Gulf
has an enormous battlefield advantage. If the serv-
The P
war while the Army got the glory on the ground in
ices can now redefine their roles and missions, they
er Hom
Kuwait
could become more efficient and affordable as well.
half-righ
high sche
but your S
Editorial Notebook
decision to
sheltered
mory is ba
On August 3, He Put to Sea
gle men. I
armories.
unsafe. Bui
"We departed Friday the third
third day out: sabotage, by her own-
Columbus's Journal
will be put
day of August of the year 1492 from
er and a crewman. "Neither of
has now be
the bar of Saltes at the eighth hour."
these men wanted to make this voy-
Logs the Journey
space has b.
Thus, in Columbus's own words,
age," he wrote, "and even before we
space avail.
did the Niña, Pinta and Santa Maria
departed Palos they attempted to
sonal variat
set out 500 years ago today from the little Spanish port of
delay or prevent the enterprise."
The city-o
Palos de la Frontera on a voyage that would change the
The damage forced a long layover in the Canary Islands
are so unde
world. Ten weeks later, in the small hours of Oct. 12, a
while Columbus sought another ship and finally repaired
whenever p
crewman aboard the Pinta sighted land, at last, and the
the rudder. After four weeks' delay, the westward voyage
avoid them
three ships lowered sail to wait for daylight. "At dawn,"
resumed on Sept. 6.
weather is
Columbus wrote in his journal, "we saw naked people, and
Sept. 9: Mindful of the crews' marginal commitment to
indoor accon
I went ashore in the ship's boat, armed."
his mission, Columbus admits in his journal that he plans
That Columbus kept a journal is remarkable in itself;
to give them false reports on each day's progress, so that
This "new SI
so far as is known, he was the first explorer to do so. The
"they might not think themselves so great a distance
pied in less
original, which he presented to Queen Isabella, has been
from Spain as they really were."
cold weather
lost; likewise the copy that royal scribes made for Colum-
Sept. 15: "I saw a marvelous meteorite fall into the
homeless me
bus. But the essential content, much of it verbatim,
sea." To some of the crew it was a bad omen. He told them
The lawsu
survives in Madrid's Biblioteca Nacional in a detailed
not to worry; he'd seen many before. But in private he
requires the
abstract of the duplicate copy.
wrote; "I have to confess that this is the closest a falling
action in the
This priceless documentation was done by Bartolomé
star has ever come to my ship."
sues before t.
de Las Casas, a Dominican friar and friend of the Colum-
Sept. 23: Concern for his own safety. Inconstant winds
clients. Such
bus family, who spent years recording West Indies history
and a flat sea have "led the men to believe we will never
be done befor
and exposing Spain's mistreatment of the natives. The
get home," he wrote. "Later, when the sea made up
regardless of
best English translation was published in 1989 by Oliver
considerably without wind, they were astonished. I saw
may have for
Dunn and James Kelley, two American scholars; another,
this as a sign from God. As with Moses when he led his
happen in the
Robert Fuson, has done a more fluid, less precise version,
people out of captivity, my people were humbled."
A move froi
fleshed out with detail from other writings by Las Casas
Not for long. The next day he says "a few trusted men
a plan for de
and Columbus's son Fernando, and transposed into an
and these are few in number!)" have reported talk of
(estimated to
imagined first-person narrative throughout.
throwing him overboard some night if he persists in
night) is ir
From these two works one learns, for example, what
sailing on.
Homeless sing:
Columbus thought when the Pinta's rudder broke on the
He persisted.
RICHARD E. MOONEY
than the armor
To: J. Bunton
From: G Kinahan
8-4-92
1:48pm
p.
2
of
2
The Challenger
Clinton Offers National Education Plan
By GWEN IFILL
Special B The New York Times
LOS ANGELES, May 14 - Gov. Bill
Clinton sald today that America's com-
mitment to bettering itself economical-
by and socially had been hurt by a
failure to place education at the top of
the nation's priorities, and he called for
a revived commitment to schools and
job training.
In a speech delivered at a distressed
public college in East Los Angeles, Mr.
for bilingual education, job training,
Clinton outlined an education plan that
literacy programs and college aid.
calls for Federal college tuition assist-
Trickle-Down Education'
nince, job training for high school drop-
"The President's education plan
outs and graduates who choose not to
amounts to a form of trickle-down edu-
30 on to college, and legislation that
cation that won't help America any-
that opportunity channel," he said.
would allow parents to choose which
more than trickle-down economics has
Mr. Clinton repeated his call for al-
public school their children will attend.
helped us in the 1980's," he said.
lowing parents to choose the public
"We know we have real gaps in
Mr. Clinton's speech was received
schools their children should attend, an
American education, he said. Oppor-
warmly by the audience of several
approach he has championed in Arkan-
tunity gaps and responsibility gaps
hundred students and administrators
sas. But he said he "unalterably op-
which are more important to our na-
at East Los Angeles College, a two-
posed" the proposal favored by the
tional security today than the missile
Bush Administration that would allow
year school where recent tuition in-
gap that played such an important role
creases made the audience especially
parents to use vouchers to send their
in the Presidential election of 1960.
receptive to his assistance proposal.
students to private schools if they
"The education opportunity gaps be-
wished.
(ween ourselves and the rest of the
Inner-City Links
Now is not the time to further dt-
world and among our own people are
Mr. Clinton also used the opportunity
minish the financial resources of
Immense."
to link his education proposals to the
schools when budgets are being
New National Goals
problems of inner-city crime that have
slashed by states all across America,"
preoccupied elected officials and Cali-
Mr. Clinton said his administration
Mr. Clinton said, "when the Federal
fornia voters since the Los Angeles
Government has restricted its commit-
would set new education goals. includ.
riots.
ment to education."
ing a plan to increase high school grad-
Recalling a 1989 visit he made to a
uation rates to 90 percent of enrolled
South-Central Los Angeles school, the
Mr. Clinton has delivered formal
students, "meaningful" national ex-
Arkansas governor said the students
speeches on foreign affairs, economic
Imination standards for students and
he talked to then "were most worried
teachers and increased Federal spend-
about being shot going to and from
policy and the environment to stress
school."
the substantive differences between
ing on-programs to reduce class size
and expand preschool opportunities.
"Those kids are now in ninth grade,"
his campaign and the President's and
he said. "I have often wondered in the
to try to put behind him the constant
His remarks today, which were es-
last few days, after what happened
discussion of character questions that
sentially a repackaged version of the
here, how many of them wound up in
had dominated his campaign.
education speech he has delivered at
gangs, whether they looted, whether
schools and colleges throughout the
they'r still alive
We need to make
He said he did not want to spend the
country this year, featured sharp parti-
something of the lives we're wasting."
bulk of his speech today blaming Re-
san attacks on President Bush.
publican administrations for the fail-
Tuition Plan Is Popular
ures in education. But in the end, he
AS has become Mr. Clinton's habit in
Mr. Clinton's most popular proposal,
was unable to resist taking repeated
the weeks since he began transforming
judging by the applause he typically
aim at President Bush, who declared
his campaign into a general election
gets from audiences around the coun-
during the 1988 campaign that he
effort almed at stressing the failures of
try, is a plan to replace the existing
would be the "education President."
White House policy, he faulted the Ad-
Federal student loan programs with a
Of his own education reform pack-
ministration for not living up to prom-
program that would allow any student
age, Mr. Clinton said: "I'll work day
ises Mr. Bush made as a candidate in
to borrow money for college if the
and night to get It passed, unlike our
1988 and during an education summit
student promised to repay the loan
current President, who often proposes
with governor's in 1989.
either by committing to pay a small
and then leaves it to someone else to
"America needs an education Presi-
percentage of income over a period of
dispose or not to act at all."
dent who shows up for class every day.
time or by agreeing to join a national
not just once every four years," he
service program as a teacher, police
said. Mr. Bush, he said, has CUE funding
officer or other public servant for re-
duced pay.
Such a plan, his aides have estimat-
ed, would cost about $8 billion by its
fourth year. Mr. Clinton has said he
would pay for this and other priority
programs - including health care and
deficit reduction - by instituting cost
controls and trimming defense spend-
NEWYORKTIMES
ing.
Mr. Clinton drew heavily upon his
experience as governor of Arkansas
and parent of a I2-year-old public
5.15.92
school student to illustrate his commit-
ment to improving education. Recall-
ing his own education, he said he had
used loans and scholarships and had
CLINTON
worked six jobs to go to college and law
school.
MOCRAT.
Fants Parental Choice
What bothers me so much about
America today is that there are so
Bush.
many people who are being left out of
To: J. Bunton
From: G Kinahan
8-4-92 1:47pm P. 1 of 2
©
Republican
National
Committee
Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican Center 310 First Street Southeast Washington, D.C. 20003 (202) 863-8638
Telex: 701144 FAX: (202) 863-8820
To: J. Bunton
Date: 8-4-92
From: G Kinahan
Page 1 of 2
B
SENT BY:A
; 8- 4-92 11 :38AM ;
44364->
2024566218:# 1
PRRC
The Georg e H. Gallup International Institute
100 Palmer Square P.O. Box 140; Princeton, NJ 08542 USA
TEL: (609) 921 6200
359
FAX: (609) 924 0228 or (609) 924 2584
FAX TRANSMISSION:
DATE: 8/4/92
TO FAX NUMBER: 202-456-6218
NO. OF PAGES (Including cover):
2
ATTENTION:
Jeannie Bunton
FROM:
Alison Gallup, PRRC
COMPANY:
White House, Pres. speech
(were out of fax paper
CITY:
D.C.
writing
wour letterhead)
Please call (509) 921 6200 If this tax does not transmit correctly.
office
COMMENTS:
This appeared in our Jan '91 issue of "Emerging Trends".
you'll Sile the U.S. is 2nd on two questions and
1st CA the third, and most telling, question.
It's important to note that we didn't question every
country you could say that 'of' 14 countries
polled (by the Gallup Org. in 1989 and 1990), the
U.S. rated the importance of God in One's life
the highest (scale of 1-10)
SENT BY:A
; 8- 4-92 11:39AM ;
44364->
2024566218:# 2
Religion Triumphs Over
Despite the aggressive espousal of
Consider Selves
atheism under communist rule, there
Atheism in Enstern
is actually a lower percentage of "con-
Religious Persons
vinced atheists" in Lithuania than in
Italy
83%
Europe
many Western European countries.
United States
81
Just 2 percent of ethnic Lithuanians
Ireland
64
and 4 percent of other Lithuanians
Spain
63
el: gious belief in
say they are convinced atheists. The
Great Britain
58
Ea: tern Europe has
average for Western Europe is 5 per-
West Germany
58
per sisted at high lev-
cent, ranging from 1 percent in Ire-
Hungary
56
els despite nearly a
land, 3 percent in West Germany and
France
51
hal f century of sup-
Scandinavia, 4 percent each in Great
Other Lithuanians
50
pl ssion. Resisting
Britain, Italy and Spain to a high of 10
Ethnic Lithuanians
45
aggressive official policies and
percent in France. In the United
Czechoslovakia
49
indoctrination in atheism, the level
States, 5% of Americans say they do
Slovaks only
69
of those professire not to believe in
not believe in God.
Czechs only
38
God has remaine small. For most
Weekly church attendance for the
Scandinavia
46
measures there is little apparent dif-
Eastern Europeans appears to be
ference in religious attitudes and
remarkably high when the compara-
behavior between Eastern and West-
tive scarcity of places of worship and
em Europeans.
clergy are considered, not to mention
These findin S emerged from
frequent official discouragement of
Attend Church At Least Weekly
Gallup survey conducted in
attendance in the past. Attending at
Czechoslovakia and Hungary in late
least once a week now are 17% of
Ireland
82%
Czechoslovaks, 15% of ethnic Lithua-
United States
43
1989 and in Lith. ania in 1990. Gor-
don Heald, mana; ;ing director of the
nians, 12% of other Lithuanians, and
Spain
41
Gallup Poll in G:- eat Britain, provid-
13% of Hungarians.
Italy
36
ed the survey rest Its at a recent sem-
In the Hungarian study, the people
West Germany
21
of that country average 4.8 in rating
Czechoslovakia
17
inar sponsored by the Center for
the importance of God in their lives,
Ethnic Lithuanians
15
Applied Researc! in the Apostolate
on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 means
Other Lithuanians
12
at Georgetown University.
The surveys si ow that from four
one does not consider God at all
Great Britain
14
to five persons :.1 10 in each of the
important and 10 means God is
Hungary
13
believed to be of paramount impor-
France
12
countries and groups surveyed
describe thems Ives as "religious
tance. This is a lower rating than
Scandinavia
5
persons." In Lith ania, 45% of ethnic
found in most Western European
Lithuanians desc ibe themselves this
countries and the United States, but
way, and 50% ron-ethnic Lithuani-
still higher than the average ratings in
Denmark, France and Sweden.
ans consider the mselves to be reli-
gious persons. Comparable self-
A high proportion of the people of
Czechoslovakia and Hungary have
Average Ratings of Importance
descriptions we:e given by 56% of
been baptized. Two in three Czech-
of God in One's Life
the Hungarians and by 49% of the
oslovaks (66%) were baptized as
Czechoslovakin is interviewed on
United States
8.2
Catholics, 10% in Protestant denomi-
Republic of Ireland
8.0
the surveys. There is a considerable
nations, 1% Orthodox, and 1% in
Northern Ireland
7.5
religious gap bt tween Czechs and
another faith. Only 19% were not bap-
Italy
6.9
Slovaks, with 69% of Slovaks saying
tized, and 3% are unaware if they had
they are religious persons, compared
Spain
6.4
been baptized. Seven in 10 Hungari-
Finland
6.2
to 38% of the Crechs, The Eastern
ans (71%) were baptized as Catholics,
Europeans are the middle of the
22% Reformed Church, and 4%
Belgium
5.9
Great Britain
5.7
religious spectrum in comparison to
Lutheran. Only 1% said they" were
the West, where between 62% of
West Germany
5.7
never baptized, and 2% did not know
Norway
5,4
Western Europeans and 46% of
if they had been.
Scandinavians onsider themselves
The findings for each question are
Netherlands
5.3
to be religious ersons. By compari-
based on probability samples of at
Hungary
4.8
son, 81% of A nericans describe
least 1,000 interviews conducted in
France
4.7
themselves as re: igious persons.
each country in 1989 and 1990.
Denmark
4.4
-5-
PAGE
2
4TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1992 News World Communications, Inc.
The Washington Times
July 27, 1992, Monday, Final Edition
SECTION: Part E; COMMENTARY; Pg. E3
LENGTH: 860 words
HEADLINE: Clinton's convoluted school choice record
BYLINE: Donald Lambro; THE WASHINGTON TIMES
BODY:
On Oct. 18, 1990, Bill Clinton wrote a letter to Wisconsin state Rep.
Polly Williams to encourage her crusade for a school choice program that helps
bright but poor inner-city Milwaukee children attend local private schools.
The governor had read a column I had written supporting Mrs. Williams' work
as the author of a state law that was bitterly opposed by the NAACP, teachers
unions, the local news media and an assortment of other liberal litmus groups.
This spunky and articulate former welfare mother, who was state chairwoman
for Jesse Jackson's 1988 presidential campaign, was stunned to find that her
support came not from her liberal friends, but from the editorial page of the
Wall Street Journal and conservative activists who believe school choice is the
only way to force meaningful educational reforms.
"I read Don Lambro's recent column about your version of the school choice
bill in Milwaukee, Mr. Clinton wrote her. "I am fascinated by that proposal
and am having my staff analyze it.
"I'm concerned that the traditional Democratic Party establishment has not
given you more encouragement. The visionary is rarely embraced by the status
quo."
Mr. Clinton is running this year as the candidate who is challenging the
status quo, but he isn't supporting Polly Williams' plan anymore.
Sometime in the middle of his campaign for president he addressed the
National Education Association, which opposes Mrs. Williams' school choice
program, and told the nation's public school teachers that he was for public
school choice but against any choice program that included private schools.
Mr. Clinton had a choice between a big powerful union that could deliver
votes and a modest state program that helps academically qualified, inner-city
children shift from badly run public schools to local, non-sectarian private
schools that offer them a better education and a step up the ladder of
opportunity. He sided with the union.
Mrs. Williams' pilot program offers her constituents a way out of poverty.
Under its terms, 1,000 school children are eligible for up to $2,500 for tuition
costs that comes out of the public school budget.
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The Washington Times, July 27, 1992
The purpose is not to hurt the public schools but to force them to change
through healthy competition. Yet the NEA wants no such competition with their
public school monopoly, and the Democratic Party has sided with the elitists
against those who are trying to break the status quo.
Earlier this year, Mrs. Williams' program was the subject of a highly
positive report on the CBS "60 Minutes" program. One viewer was so moved by
this story that he offered a full college scholarship to one of the young, black
students who is in Mrs. Williams' program.
Mr. Clinton pays lip service to "public school choice" in his speeches
and in his party platform. But he does not want the federal government
encouraging choice programs - as President Bush has proposed - that would
empower poor and median income families to choose from a broader range of school
choices, including private schools.
This is not the only case where Mr. Clinton has said one thing and done
another.
Not that long ago, he was critical of federal funding for abortions, only to
change his mind to win the votes of the pro-choice lobby.
"There's a big difference between being pro-choice and being for spending
tax dollars for any kind of abortion," Mr. Clinton said last October. "I
don't think that's appropriate."
Now he is a down-the-line supporter of the Democrats' pro-abortion choice
act that would use tax dollars to finance abortions.
Somewhere in his long political career, Mr. Bush also changed from a more
pro-choice to a staunch pro-life position on abortion. But changing positions
from one year to the next, as Mr. Clinton has done, is a remarkably fast
switch on an issue of such deep moral complexity.
Meantime, much was made at the Democratic National Convention of Mr.
Clinton's moderate image and the so-called moderate positions in his party
platform.
But a careful reading of the party platform reveals that Mr. Clinton
would create nearly two dozen new federal programs. And many of them are
proposals long promoted by Jesse Jackson's far-left Rainbow Coalition.
Indeed, at the end of the convention Mr. Jackson held a news conference in
which he proudly listed a number of Clinton programs that his organization and
the AFL-CIO have been pushing for years. Among them: Indexing the minimum wage
so that it rises with the rate of inflation (which would destroy entry-level
jobs and worsen youth unemployment); a $220 billion public works jobs program;
pushing affirmative action programs; and sharply raising taxes on business and
upper-income people making $90,000 and up.
"These are positions that the Rainbow Coalition took in 1984 and 1988," said
a satisfied Mr. Jackson. So much for moderation and change.
Donald Lambro, chief political correspondent of The Washington Times, is a
nationally syndicated columnist.
TM
TM
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GRAPHIC: Cartoon, "DON'T LET THIS UNDERWEAR WORRY YOU...MY SUIT HERE IS PRETTY
MODERATE! ", By Gorrell/The Richmond Times-Dispatch
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August 3, 1992
Draft Six
Knights
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m
Thank you, Virgil Dechant. Your Eminence, Cardinal O'Connor
and reverend clergy; distinguished Knights; ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
gamuel
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
Eliots
meaning people were growing cynical.
"Admiral the Morison occan of ga"
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the network evening news. 11
ind
But what I was reading was not a report about 1992. It was
a history of public attitudes in 1492.
Public moods are prone to\change. When some people turn
negative, all I can do is hold the rudder firm.
((I told Barbara that the more I'm criticized, the more I
turn it into humor. She said, "At this rate, you'll soon be
funnier than Jay Leno."))
As I said, public moods are prone to change. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth
a man of vision and
courage.
..
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Columbus opened up a new world of opportunity
...
for the
spread of commerce \ culture \ and faith. \ In this 500th
anniversary year of his voyage of discovery, I'm honored to meet
2
with a group of Americans dedicated to his ideals.
This year we hear a lot of talk about change. And sure,
renewal
there are things I'd like to change. Though maybe a better word
is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
principles that never change.
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that mankind's fundamental moral standards were
established by Almighty God. They're as natural and unchangeable
as the laws of physics. Our common law, our Constitution and our
Bill of Rights are firmly rooted in this tradition -- the Judaeo-
Christian tradition. Only recently in America have we seen the
rise of legal theories and practices that reject our tradition.
Cardinal speech on 1991
Cardinal O'Connor eloquently describes this as an "inversion of
values." It's a deeply disturbing trend -- and it is
diametrically opposed to my idea of the kind of change that's
MSG
good for our country.
ison
convention
46th
st
Last month on a stage
just 12 blocks from here,
there was
July DNC 13-18,
Marriott is
another convention -- very different from this one. Now,
I
on 34th
didn't hear any of those speeches. I was up in the mountains
fishing -- where the air was clear, not hot. But I understand
one of the speakers, known for his florid language, called me
Cuomo
Maino Nomination spach
"the captain of the ship of state. He didn't mean it as a
POTUS
compliment, but believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights of
Lt.J.G.
July 15, 1992
Columbus convention
the term suits me just fine.
Whoever is chosen to pilot the ship of state must have a
reliable moral compass. Personal responsibility -- among the
3
people and in our leaders -- must be more than just a slogan. It
must be embodied in our ideas and actions.
Americans will make a choice this year about economic
freedom and growth, and about keeping our defenses second to none
-- keeping America safe and strong. But the choice is about more
than that: It is about renewing our moral strength.
Principles don't change from one day to the next.
Principles aren't driven by opinion polls. Principles endure.
This year, one side offers real change to make America One Nation
all
under God. The other side -- in that convention I spoke of --
wrote a 10,000 word platform -- and never once mentioned the one
In as 16, 16,1992
word that counts the most: God.
You can see the differences of philosophy reflected in our
policies. As a baseball umpire would put it, "You make the
call."
Consider our system of welfare. In too many cases, it's not
lifting people up, it's holding them down. This system is
neither well nor fair. The key to reform: personal
responsibility. Now, on the other side of the debate are the
interests that want to protect bureaucracy and spending -- even
if it means saying no to unwed mothers who want to get married.
Even if it means saying no to families on public aid who somehow
manage to put money aside in savings.
It's time the system started saying yes: Yes to people like
15 NYT MAY 92
Sandra Rosato, who worked and saved money for college because she
didn't want to leave a legacy of welfare to her kids. The system
NYT May 15, 1992
4
said her family couldn't continue to get benefits while she saved
$ 4,900
money for school. She saved $4,000. I call that amazing. The
welfare bureaucrats? They called it fraud. Something is wrong
here. That's why I aim to shake up the top-down bureaucratic way
of welfare and let our states innovate to reward people like
Sandra -- reward work and responsibility. 11
Take education. We know that renewing education depends on
giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kids' schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone is fooled. Remember how old
Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they can have any color
INTERN puòb
Model T they want -- so long as it's black? Well, the other side
says their ideal is that parents could choose any school for
their kids -- as long as it's run by the government. 11
My plan is different -- it's called the G.I. Bill for
Children. Right now, if parents choose a Catholic school or any
other alternative to the public schools, they have to pay twice -
with
- first for tuition and again through taxes. Catholic parents I
met in Philadelphia last month made it plain to me: that makes
21,92
it hard to exercise your religious freedom. Like the original
July
G.I. Bill, my new bill offers scholarships or vouchers for
students to take to any qualified school -- not only public
schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas, and Catholic parish schools
if that is what parents want. 11
My plan for education preserves religious freedom. That's
also true of another issue where there's a Grand Canyon of a
Montor america
says India
5
A-609-924-9600
Griup Gallup
Seience
divide. ( (A small boy once began a prayer this way: "God bless
christmay 1984 123
mother and daddy, my brother and sister."
He
continued,
"And,
Graham kinihan
oh, God, do take care of yourself, because if anything happens to 336-
598L
Elders
you, we're all sunk.")) That boy knew why,
according to the
one of
Gallup Poll, America is the most religious nation on earth
Dir, Ark Public chinton
Sadly, one side this year thinks it's fine to give out condoms
school but not to say a prayer.
I totally disagree.
So
today,
school based
Appointee
Clinton to
is amendment prayer
again call on Congress to pass a Constitutional Amendment
An Graham on School ham kinanan
restoring voluntary prayer to our classrooms -- and I
Gra Research
my opponent to support me. Let's bring the Faith of our Fathers
336 B/Q 7865
back to our schools. 11
Jerry Bennutt in Dr. Archeis office
@ HHH say this is right
Center for Pisease Control
And there's the issue of a national tragedy: more than a
million and a half abortions in this country every year. We know
404-639-3311
there must be a better way. The other side turns a deaf ear
lisa 404- koonin 488-5774
to humane and responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like
abstinence. The other side refuses to let the Governor of
Aboutionsin
Pennsylvania present a pro-life view at his own party's
Gov. Casey
1989-
1,396,658
convention. The other side is pushing a so-called "Freedom of
Alan & Gutmaker NYC
Choice" bill, which is in fact the most radical abortion-on-
demand legislation ever offered.
inst. IN
This bill would prevent states from enacting even modest
says
restraints against abortion on demand. It would threaten the
1987- 1,559, 110
autonomy of Catholic hospitals and other private institutions
Dr. Stankey
that refuse as a matter of conscience to perform abortions.
Suffice it to say: This radical abortion on demand bill will
212- susan Tew
Reproductive Health Data
1,590,
1988
750
never become law as long as I am President of the United States
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
CDC- STATE HEALTH DEPTS CHARACTERISTICS] COMPLETE cov. ALL STATES INC. NYC/DC
AGI DIR TD ABDRNSN PROVIDERS
#T rate - bleage of women
6
of America. 11
On each of these issues, the choice is clear. Who do you
trust to change America -- to renew timeless values like personal
responsibility? Who do you trust: those with the courage to
stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? Or the side
that talks a good game -- mouths the right rhetoric about values
-- but whose record and example make a mockery of their words?
Nowhere is this choice more vital than in the decisions a
President must make every day to build what I call real peace:
the triumph of freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of
war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third World War. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
ANPA
TO WAGE THE COLD WAR
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
April 9,
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the kind of nuclear threat that used to haunt us.
I'll always be grateful for the Knights of Columbus' support
on the morality of our strategic deterrence. Because Americans
understood the moral stakes in the Cold War, because we
persevered -- we're now able to work at building a lasting peace
between East and West. We're working with democratic Russia to
7
reduce the arsenals that once threatened to unleash a nuclear war
and to cooperate on defenses against ballistic missiles.
When we faced our first big challenge after the Cold War, we
didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam Hussein's aggression and
expelled him from Kuwait. We protected the people of Israel and
Saudi Arabia. Now we've brought age-old adversaries to the peace
table for the first time. We've gained the greatest opportunity
in centuries to establish peace and stability in the Holy Land.
His Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many sleepless nights in
prayer and endeavor for peace in the Middle East. As long as I
am President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring
about that peace that so many pray for. 11
Respect for life \ for freedom \ for human dignity \ forms
the common basis both for peace in the world and for renewal at
home. The Knights of Columbus are in the forefront of this
? aggie
effort. In countless ways you help your neighbors: Organizing
Scout Troops. Sponsoring that magnificent program, the Special
Olympics. Visiting the sick and the elderly. Nourishing minds
carl
and souls that hunger for sound values. You bear witness to the
Andwson
you
fact that real compassion and tolerance cannot abide abandonment
of standards of right and wrong. 11
I try to keep that at my core. Whatever the political cost,
underline
I intend to do what's right for America. I'll work to protect
and renew America -- with a strong national defense, and with a
true and steady moral compass. 11 Now that America's moral
values -- liberty, honor, personal responsibility -- are
8
victorious around the globe -- why in the world would we abandon
them at home?
We cannot. As long as I'm President, we will not. Let the
other side traffic in values that are trendy and transitory. I'm
going to defend the principles for which you stand so firm.
We'll keep our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our
focus on the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep
a reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest
sailing trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
#
A = applause line
(Duggan/Bunton)
August 4, 1992
Draft Eight
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m
Thank you, Virgil Dechant. Your Eminence, Cardinal
Connor; reverend clergy; ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the network evening news. 11 laugh line
But what I was reading was not a report about Nineteen
ninety-two. It was a history of public attitudes in Europe in
Fourteen ninety-two! 11
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth.
a man of vision and
courage.
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Columbus opened up a new world of opportunity
for the
spread of commerce \ culture \ and faith. \ In this 500th
anniversary year of his voyage of discovery, I'm honored to meet
with a group of Americans dedicated to his ideals.
This year we hear a lot of talk about change. And sure,
there are things I'd like to change. Though maybe a better word
is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
2
principles that never change. IA
My parents were like yours: They brought Ee up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They're as natural and unchangeable as the laws
of physics. 11 Our common law, our Constitution and our Bill of
Rights are firmly rooted in this Judaeo-Christian tradition.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal theories
and practices that reject our tradition. Cardinal 'Connor
eloquently describes this as an "inversion of values." It's a
deeply disturbing trend -- and it is diametrically opposed to my
idea of the kind of change that's good for our country. 11 DD
Last month just 12 blocks from here, there was another
(+)
convention -- very different from this one. Now, I didn't hear
any of those speeches. I was laugh up in the mountains fishing. But
layl
understand one of the speakers, known for his florid language,
called me "the captain of the ship of state.' 11 He didn't mean
it as a compliment, but believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights
of Columbus convention
the term suits me just fine.
11$
...
That reminds me of a story about Columbus. He wrote in his
log that the longer he stayed on course -- the farther he
traveled on his mission -- the more he faced threats from crewmen
who wanted to throw him overboard and turn the ship around. 11
up
Let me make you this promise: No matter how rough the going
gets, I won't turn around. *11 I'm going to stay on course. All
front
I'm going to finish what I've started.
11
A
Whoever is chosen to pilot the ship of state must have a
A
3
reliable moral compass. Personal responsibility -- among the
people and in our leaders -- must be more than just a slogan. It
must be embodied in our ideas and actions. 11#
Americans will make a choice this year about economic
freedom and growth, and about keeping our defenses second to none
-- keeping America safe and strong. But the choice is about more
than that: It is about renewing our moral strength. A
Every day we hear stories showing the human cost of the
breakdown in values. Somewhere in this country every day, an
innocent kid gets killed in the crossfire of the drug wars. Just
last month we read of an honor student, a kid from a good
neighborhood, charged with gun-running. He tried to make his
privilege a cover for his lack of responsibility. "It's not like
I'm a criminal," he told the police. "I'm on the dean's list.'
Well, you and I know that the Ten Commandments don't have
exclusions for the poor -- or the rich. Principles don't change
from one day to the next. \ Principles aren't driven by opinion
polls. \ Principles endure. A
This year, one side offers real change to renew America as
One Nation under God. The other side -- in that convention I
spoke of -- wrote a 10,000 word platform -- and never once
sentioned the one word that counts the most: God. You can see
the differences of philosophy reflected in our policies. As a
baseball umpire would put it, "You make the call."
Consider our system of welfare. In too many cases, it's not
lifting people up, it's holding them down. This system is
4
neither well nor fair The key to reform: personal
responsibility. Now, on the other side of the debate are the
interests that want to protect bureaucracy and spending -- even
if it means saying no to people who want to take responsibility.
It's time the system started saying yes: Yes to people like
Sandra Rosado, who worked and saved money for college because she
didn't want to leave a legacy of welfare to her kids. The system
said her family couldn't get benefits while she saved money for
school. She saved $4,900. I call that amazing. The bureaucrats
called it fraud. Something's wrong here. That's why I aim to
shake up the old bureaucratic ways and let our states reward
people like Sandra -- reward work and responsibility. IM
Take education. We know that renewing education depends on
giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kids schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone is fooled. Remember how old
Graham
Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they can have any color
laugh line
Model T they want -- so long as it's black? Well, the other side
says their ideal is that parents could choose any school for
long
splance
their kids -- as long as it's run by the government.
And
NEA CUNTON ABC 135 DNC
*
their leader won the teachers union endorsement by saying he's
unalterably opposed" -- those are his words, "unalterably
SPEECH
opposed" -- to letting Catholic parents and other private school
parents have a fair share of education benefits. 11
provention
My plan is different -- it's called the G.I. Bill for
Children. \ Right now, if parents want any alternative to the
5
public schools, they have to pay twice -- first for tuition and
again through taxes. As Catholic parents told Be in Philadelphia
last month: That makes it hard to exercise your religious
freedom. Like the original G.I. Bill, my new bill offers
scholarships or vouchers for students to take to any qualified
school -- not only public schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas,
and Catholic parish schools if that is what parents want.
My education plan preserves religious freedom. That's also
true of another issue where there's a Grand Canyon of a divide.
((A small boy once began a prayer this way: "God bless mother
and daddy, my brother and sister. And, God,' he said, "do take
lough
care of yourself. If anything happens to you, we're all sunk.
That boy knew why, according to the Gallup Poll, America is the
one of the
V
post religious nation on earth. Now, one side thinks it's fine
to give out condoms in school but not to say a prayer. I totally
disagree. II call again on Congress to pass a constitutional A
amendment restoring voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's
allow the faith of our Fathers back into our schools.
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence. The
other side refuses to let the Governor of Pennsylvania present a
pro-life view at his own party's convention.
The leader of the
other side has promised to appoint only judges who would uphold
29 Jung w5
Roe versus Wade -- in other words, an out-and-out litmus test for
Rubong Blendow
6
appointments to the court.
The other side is pushing a so-
called "Freedom of Choice" bill, which is in fact the most
radical abortion-on-demand legislation ever offered. 11
This bill would prevent states from enacting even modest
restraints against abortion on demand. It would threaten the
autonomy of Catholic hospitals and other private institutions
that refuse as a matter of conscience to perform abortions.
Suffice it to say: This radical abortion on demand bill will
never become law as long as I am President.
11
On each of these issues, the choice is clear. Who do you
trust to change America -- to renew timeless values like personal
responsibility? Who do you trust: those with the courage to
stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? or the side
that talks a good game -- mouths the right rhetoric about values
-- but whose record and example make a mockery of their words?
Nowhere is the choice more vital than in the decisions a
President must make every day to build real peace: to establish
freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third World War. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
7
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the kind of nuclear threat that used to haunt us.
I'll always be grateful for the Knights of Columbus' support
on the morality of our strategic deterrence. Because Americans
understood the moral stakes in the Cold War, because we
persevered -- now we're able to work at building a lasting peace
between East and West. We're working with democratic Russia to
reduce the arsenals that once threatened to unleash a nuclear war
and to cooperate on defenses against ballistic missiles.
When we faced our first big challenge after the Cold War, we
didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam's aggression and expelled
him from Kuwait We protected the people of Israel and Saudi
Arabia. Now we've brought age-old adversaries to the peace table
for the first time. We've gained the greatest opportunity in
centuries to establish real peace in the Holy Land. His
Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work
and in prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am
President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about
that peace that so many pray for. A
Respect for life \ for freedom \ for human dignity \ forms
the common basis both for peace in the world and for renewal at
home. The Knights of Columbus are in the forefront of this
Spnsory
effort. In countless ways you help your neighbors: Organizing
Scout troops. Sponsoring the Special Olympics. Visiting the
sick. Nourishing minds and souls that hunger for sound values.
You bear witness to the fact that real compassion and tolerance
8
cannot abide abandonment of standards of right and wrong.
11
I try to keep that at my core. Whatever the cost, I intend
to do what's right for America. I'll work to protect and renew
America -- with a strong national defense, and with a true and
steady moral compass. AT Now that America's moral values --
liberty, honor, personal responsibility -- are victorious around
the globe -- why in the world would we abandon them at home?
We cannot. As long as I'm President, we will not
Let
the other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral fashions.
I'm going to defend the principles for which you stand so firm.
We'll keep our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our
focus on the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep
a reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest
sailing trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
;
PAGE
1
LEVEL 1 - 1 OF 1 STORY
Copyright (c) 1984 The Christian Science Publishing Society;
The Christian Science Monitor
July 23, 1984, Monday
SECTION: Ideas; Perspectives; A Monday Column; Pg. 19
LENGTH: 750 words
HEADLINE:
Gallup's poll of pacesetters suggests the shape of the year 2000
BYLINE: RUSHWORTH M. KIDDER
BODY:
...
confused and ambivalent in our feelings about marriage and the family.
Confused, too, is the view of religion. After citing poll results showing
that America, second only to India, is ''the most religious nation in the
world, he notes that only 29 percent of these opinion leaders thought that
organized religion is ''giving adequate answers. 'We lack
NJ
609-921-8112
Prinaton Rengion Resturce Center
Call Gallup
609-924-9600
through Gathy
-
organization
Lydia News service
passed to Religious section [allison Gallup]
header by Ges. Gallup Jr.
full church attenderm han't
changed in 30 yrs. 1 pretty stable
TM
TM
TM
LEXIS:NEXIS®
LEXIS·NEXIS®
LEXIS-NEXIS®
Services of Mead Data Central, Inc.
Recyclable
(Duggan/Bunton)
August 4, 1992
Draft Eight
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m.
Thank you, Virgil Dechant. Your Eminence, Cardinal
0' Connor; reverend clergy; ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future." It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the network evening news. 11
But what I was reading was not a report about Nineteen
ninety-two. It was a history of public attitudes in Europe in
Fourteen ninety-two!
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth.
a man of vision and
courage.
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Columbus opened up a new world of opportunity
for the
spread of commerce \ culture \ and faith. \ In this 500th
anniversary year of his voyage of discovery, I'm honored to meet
with a group of Americans dedicated to his ideals.
This year we hear a lot of talk about change. And sure,
there are things I'd like to change. Though maybe a better word
is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
2
principles that never change. 11
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They're as natural and unchangeable as the laws
of physics. 11 Our common law, our Constitution and our Bill of
Rights are firmly rooted in this Judaeo-Christian tradition.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal theories
and practices that reject our tradition. Cardinal O'Connor
eloquently describes this as an "inversion of values." It's a
deeply disturbing trend -- and it is diametrically opposed to my
idea of the kind of change that's good for our country. 11
Last month just 12 blocks from here, there was another
convention -- very different from this one. Now, I didn't hear
any of those speeches. I was up in the mountains fishing. But I
understand one of the speakers, known for his florid language,
called me "the captain of the ship of state. 11 He didn't mean
it as a compliment, but believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights
of Columbus convention
the term suits me just fine. 11
That reminds me of a story about Columbus. He wrote in his
log that the longer he stayed on course -- the farther he
traveled on his mission -- the more he faced threats from crewmen
who wanted to throw him overboard and turn the ship around. 11
Let me make you this promise: No matter how rough the going
gets, I won't turn around. 11 I'm going to stay on course. 11
I'm going to finish what I've started. 11
Whoever is chosen to pilot the ship of state must have a
3
reliable moral compass. 11 Personal responsibility -- among the
people and in our leaders -- must be more than just a slogan. It
must be embodied in our ideas and actions. 11
Americans will make a choice this year about economic
freedom and growth, and about keeping our defenses second to none
-- keeping America safe and strong. But the choice is about more
than that: It is about renewing our moral strength.
Every day we hear stories showing the human cost of the
breakdown in values. Somewhere in this country every day, an
innocent kid gets killed in the crossfire of the drug wars. Just
last month we read of an honor student, a kid from a good
neighborhood, charged with gun-running. He tried to make his
privilege a cover for his lack of responsibility. "It's not like
I'm a criminal," he told the police. "I'm on the dean's list.' "
Well, you and I know that the Ten Commandments don't have
exclusions for the poor -- or the rich. Principles don't change
from one day to the next. \ Principles aren't driven by opinion
polls. \ Principles endure. 11
This year, one side offers real change to renew America as
One Nation under God. The other side -- in that convention I
spoke of -- wrote a 10,000 word platform -- and never once
mentioned the one word that counts the most: God. You can see
the differences of philosophy reflected in our policies. As a
baseball umpire would put it, "You make the call."
Consider our system of welfare. In too many cases, it's not
lifting people up, it's holding them down. This system is
4
neither well nor fair. 11 The key to reform: personal
responsibility. Now, on the other side of the debate are the
interests that want to protect bureaucracy and spending -- even
if it means saying no to people who want to take responsibility.
It's time the system started saying yes: Yes to people like
Sandra Rosado, who worked and saved money for college because she
didn't want to leave a legacy of welfare to her kids. The system
said her family couldn't get benefits while she saved money for
school. She saved $4,900. I call that amazing. The bureaucrats
called it fraud. Something's wrong here. That's why I aim to
shake up the old bureaucratic ways and let our states reward
people like Sandra -- reward work and responsibility. 11
Take education. We know that renewing education depends on
giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kids' schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone is fooled. Remember how old
Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they can have any color
Model T they want -- so long as it's black? Well, the other side
says their ideal is that parents could choose any school for
their kids -- as long as it's run by the government. 11 And
their leader won the teachers union endorsement by saying he's
"unalterably opposed" -- those are his words, "unalterably
opposed" -- to letting Catholic parents and other private school
parents have a fair share of education benefits. 11
My plan is different -- it's called the G.I. Bill for
Children. \ Right now, if parents want any alternative to the
5
public schools, they have to pay twice -- first for tuition and
again through taxes. As Catholic parents told me in Philadelphia
last month: That makes it hard to exercise your religious
freedom. Like the original G.I. Bill, my new bill offers
scholarships or vouchers for students to take to any qualified
school -- not only public schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas,
and Catholic parish schools if that is what parents want. 11
My education plan preserves religious freedom. That's also
true of another issue where there's a Grand Canyon of a divide.
((A small boy once began a prayer this way: "God bless mother
and daddy, my brother and sister. And, God," he said, "do take
care of yourself. If anything happens to you, we're all sunk."))
That boy knew why, according to the Gallup Poll, America is the
most religious nation on earth. Now, one side thinks it's fine
to give out condoms in school but not to say a prayer. I totally
disagree. I call again on Congress to pass a constitutional
amendment restoring voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's
allow the faith of our Fathers back into our schools. 11
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. 11 The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence. The
other side refuses to let the Governor of Pennsylvania present a
pro-life view at his own party's convention. The leader of the
other side has promised to appoint only judges who would uphold
Roe versus Wade -- in other words, an out-and-out litmus test for
6
appointments to the court. The other side is pushing a so-
called "Freedom of Choice" bill, which is in fact the most
radical abortion-on-demand legislation ever offered. 11
This bill would prevent states from enacting even modest
restraints against abortion on demand. It would threaten the
autonomy of Catholic hospitals and other private institutions
that refuse as a matter of conscience to perform abortions.
Suffice it to say: This radical abortion on demand bill will
never become law as long as I am President. 11
On each of these issues, the choice is clear. Who do you
trust to change America -- to renew timeless values like personal
responsibility? Who do you trust: those with the courage to
stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? Or the side
that talks a good game -- mouths the right rhetoric about values
-- but whose record and example make a mockery of their words?
Nowhere is the choice more vital than in the decisions a
President must make every day to build real peace: to establish
freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third World War. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
7
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the kind of nuclear threat that used to haunt us.
I'll always be grateful for the Knights of Columbus' support
on the morality of our strategic deterrence. Because Americans
understood the moral stakes in the Cold War, because we
persevered -- now we're able to work at building a lasting peace
between East and West. We're working with democratic Russia to
reduce the arsenals that once threatened to unleash a nuclear war
and to cooperate on defenses against ballistic missiles.
When we faced our first big challenge after the Cold War, we
didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam's aggression and expelled
him from Kuwait. We protected the people of Israel and Saudi
Arabia. Now we've brought age-old adversaries to the peace table
for the first time. We've gained the greatest opportunity in
centuries to establish real peace in the Holy Land. His
Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work
and in prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am
President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about
that peace that so many pray for. 11
Respect for life \ for freedom \ for human dignity \ forms
the common basis both for peace in the world and for renewal at
home. The Knights of Columbus are in the forefront of this
effort. In countless ways you help your neighbors: Organizing
Scout troops. Sponsoring the Special Olympics. Visiting the
sick. Nourishing minds and souls that hunger for sound values.
You bear witness to the fact that real compassion and tolerance
8
cannot abide abandonment of standards of right and wrong. 11
I try to keep that at my core. Whatever the cost, I intend
to do what's right for America. I'll work to protect and renew
America -- with a strong national defense, and with a true and
steady moral compass. 11 Now that America's moral values --
liberty, honor, personal responsibility -- are victorious around
the globe -- why in the world would we abandon them at home?
We cannot. As long as I'm President, we will not. 11 Let
the other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral fashions.
I'm going to defend the principles for which you stand so firm. \
We'll keep our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our
focus on the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep
a reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest
sailing trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
#
(Duggan/Bunton)
August 3, 1992
Draft Seven
Knights.2
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS:
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
WEDNESDAY AUGUST 5, 1992
11:00 a.m
Thank you, Virgil Dechant. Your Eminence, Cardinal
'Connor; reverend clergy; ladies and gentlemen:
A report came across my desk the other day. It stated that
most people in the Western world "felt exceedingly gloomy about
the future.' It said that "institutions were decaying, well-
meaning people were growing cynical."
My first thought was: That's what happens when people spend
too much time watching the network evening news. 11
But what I was reading was not a report about 1992. It was
a history of public attitudes in Europe in 1492.
Public moods are prone to change, of course. We know the
gloom of 1492 was not to last for long. It was dispelled by the
achievement of a man of humble birth.
a man of vision and
courage
a man named Christopher Columbus. 11
Columbus opened up a new world of opportunity
for the
spread of commerce \ culture \ and faith. \ In this 500th
anniversary year of his voyage of discovery, I'm honored to meet
with a group of Americans dedicated to his ideals.
This year we hear a lot of talk about change. And sure,
there are things I'd like to change. Though maybe a better word
is renewal -- because the changes we need must be based on
principles that never change.
2
My parents were like yours: They brought me up to
understand that our fundamental moral standards were established
by Almighty God. They're as natural and unchangeable as the laws
of physics. Our common law, our Constitution and our Bill of
Rights are firmly rooted in this Judaeo-Christian tradition.
Only recently in America have we seen the rise of legal theories
and practices that reject our tradition. Cardinal O'Connor
eloquently describes this as an "inversion of values." It's a
deeply disturbing trend -- and it is diametrically opposed to my
idea of the kind of change that's good for our country. 11
Last month just 12 blocks from here, there was another
convention -- very different from this one. Now, I didn't hear
any of those speeches. I was up in the mountains fishing. But I
understand one of the speakers, known for his florid language,
called me "the captain of the ship of state." He didn't mean it
as a compliment, but believe me: As a Navy man at a Knights of
Columbus convention
...
the term suits me just fine. 11
That reminds me of a story about Columbus. He wrote in his
log that the longer he stayed on course -- the farther he
traveled on his mission -- the more he faced threats from crewmen
who wanted to throw him overboard and turn the ship around. 11
Let me make you this promise: No matter how rough the going
gets, I won't turn around. 11 I'm going to stay on course. 11
I'm going to finish what I've started. 11
Whoever is chosen to pilot the ship of state must have a
reliable moral compass. 11 Personal responsibility -- among the
3
people and in our leaders -- must be more than just a. slogan. It
must be embodied in our ideas and actions. 11
Americans will make a choice this year about economic
freedom and growth, and about keeping our defenses second to none
-- keeping America safe and strong. But the choice is about more
than that: It is about renewing our moral strength.
Every day we hear stories showing the human cost of the
breakdown in values. Somewhere in this country every day, an
innocent kid gets killed in the crossfire of the drug wars. Just
last month we read of an honor student, a kid from a good
neighborhood, charged with gun-running. He tried to make his
privilege a cover for his lack of responsibility. "It's not like
I'm a criminal," he told the police. "I'm on the dean's list."
Well, you and I know that the Ten Commandments don't have
exclusions for the poor -- or the rich. And principles don't
change from one day to the next. Principles aren't driven by
opinion polls. Principles endure. 11
This year, one side offers real change to renew America as
One Nation under God. The other side -- in that convention I
spoke of -- wrote a 10,000 word platform -- and never once
mentioned the one word that counts the most: God. You can see
the differences of philosophy reflected in our policies. As a
baseball umpire would put it, "You make the call."
Consider our system of welfare. In too many cases, it's not
lifting people up, it's holding them down. This system is
neither well nor fair. 11 The key to reform: personal
4
responsibility. Now, on the other side of the debate are the
interests that want to protect bureaucracy and spending -- even
if it means saying no to people who want to take responsibility.
It's time the system started saying yes: Yes to people like
Sandra Rosado, who worked and saved money for college because she
didn't want to leave a legacy of welfare to her kids. The system
said her family couldn't get benefits while she saved money for
school. She saved $4,900. I call that amazing. The bureaucrats
called it fraud. Something's wrong here. That's why I aim to
shake up the old bureaucratic ways and let our states reward
people like Sandra -- reward work and responsibility. 11
Take education. We know that renewing education depends on
giving parents real freedom and real responsibility to choose
their kids' schools. The other side tries to posture on the side
of parents, but I don't think anyone is fooled. Remember how old
Henry Ford used to tell his customers, they can have any color
Model T they want -- so long as it's black? Well, the other side
says their ideal is that parents could choose any school for
their kids -- as long as it's run by the government. 11
My plan is different -- it's called the G.I. Bill for
Children. Right now, if parents want any alternative to the
public schools, they have to pay twice -- first for tuition and
again through taxes. As Catholic parents told me in Philadelphia
last month: That makes it hard to exercise your religious
freedom. Like the original G.I. Bill, my new bill offers
scholarships or vouchers for students to take to any qualified
5
school -- not only public schools, but Bible schools, yeshivas,
and Catholic parish schools if that is what parents want. 11
My education plan preserves religious freedom. That's also
true of another issue where there's a Grand Canyon of a divide.
((A small boy once began a prayer this way: "God bless mother
and daddy, my brother and sister. And, God," he said, "do take
care of yourself. If anything happens to you, we're all sunk."))
That boy knew why, according to the Gallup Poll, America is the
most religious nation on earth. Now, one side thinks it's fine
to give out condoms in school but not to say a prayer. I totally
disagree. I call again on Congress to pass a constitutional
amendment restoring voluntary prayer to our classrooms. Let's
allow the faith of our Fathers back into our schools. 11
And there's a national tragedy: more than a million and a
half abortions in this country every year. We know there must be
a better way. 11 The other side turns a deaf ear to humane and
responsible alternatives -- like adoption; like abstinence. The
other side refuses to let the Governor of Pennsylvania present a
pro-life view at his own party's convention. The other side is
pushing a so-called "Freedom of Choice" bill, which is in fact
the most radical abortion-on-demand legislation ever offered.
This bill would prevent states from enacting even modest
restraints against abortion on demand. It would threaten the
autonomy of Catholic hospitals and other private institutions
that refuse as a matter of conscience to perform abortions.
Suffice it to say: This radical abortion on demand bill will
6
never become law as long as I am President.
On each of these issues, the choice is clear. Who do you
trust to change America -- to renew timeless values like personal
responsibility? Who do you trust: those with the courage to
stand for what may not be popular -- but is right? Or the side
that talks a good game -- mouths the right rhetoric about values
-- but whose record and example make a mockery of their words?
Nowhere is the choice more vital than in the decisions a
President must make every day to build real peace: to establish
freedom and democracy, not the mere absence of war.
Saint Ignatius said, "Work as though all depended upon
yourself, and pray as though all depended on God." The practice
of that motto conquered Communism. Ceaseless prayer and tireless
work halted the Cold War \ and spared us from the catastrophe of
a third World War. Believers behind the Iron Curtain defied
persecution; believers in the West defied indifference. Over
four decades, our servicemen trained -- our taxpayers paid four
trillion dollars -- to keep our defenses strong. And as a
consequence, the Iron Curtain is no more -- and our kids no
longer face the kind of nuclear threat that used to haunt us.
I'll always be grateful for the Knights of Columbus' support
on the morality of our strategic deterrence. Because Americans
understood the moral stakes in the Cold War, because we
persevered -- now we're able to work at building a lasting peace
between East and West. We're working with democratic Russia to
reduce the arsenals that once threatened to unleash a nuclear war
7
and to cooperate on defenses against ballistic missiles.
When we faced our first big challenge after the Cold War, we
didn't shrink. We stood up to Saddam's aggression and expelled
him from Kuwait. We protected the people of Israel and Saudi
Arabia. Now we've brought age-old adversaries to the peace table
for the first time. We've gained the greatest opportunity in
centuries to establish real peace in the Holy Land. His
Holiness, Pope John Paul, has spent many days and nights at work
and in prayer for peace in the Middle East. As long as I am
President, I assure you I'll do everything I can to bring about
that peace that so many pray for. 11
Respect for life \ for freedom \ for human dignity \ forms
the common basis both for peace in the world and for renewal at
home. The Knights of Columbus are in the forefront of this
effort. In countless ways you help your neighbors: Organizing
Scout troops. Sponsoring the Special Olympics. Visiting the
sick. Nourishing minds and souls that hunger for sound values.
You bear witness to the fact that real compassion and tolerance
cannot abide abandonment of standards of right and wrong. 11
I try to keep that at my core. Whatever the cost, I intend
to do what's right for America. I'll work to protect and renew
America -- with a strong national defense, and with a true and
steady moral compass. 11 Now that America's moral values --
liberty, honor, personal responsibility -- are victorious around
the globe -- why in the world would we abandon them at home?
We cannot. As long as I'm President, we will not. Let the
8
other side traffic in trendy and transitory moral fashions. I'm
going to defend the principles for which you stand so firm.
We'll keep our sights on what's good in America. We'll keep our
focus on the potential in our families and our kids. We'll keep
a reliable compass. We'll put our ship of state in finest
sailing trim. We'll navigate our way to shining new horizons. 11
Thank you. May God bless you and our beloved country.
#
#
#
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:28 OPD
P.01
Fires
TELE-FAX COVER SHEET
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
OFFICE OF POLICY & COMMUNICATIONS
10TH AND CONSTITUTION AVENUE, NW
WASHINGTON, DC 20530
DATE: 8/3
SEND TO:
Jeannie Butnam
COMMENTS:
Goldpill included -
I also have a thick packet of the summaries of
actual investigations
FAX NUMBER: 456-6218
CONTACT PERSON: Kimberly Booth
PHONE: 514-9205
NUMBER OF PAGES (INCLUDING THIS ONE): 6
OUR TELE-FAX NUMBER IS (202)-514-2424
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:29 OPD
P.02
U.S. Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Office of the Director
Washington, D.C. 20535
Contact: FBI Press Office
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
(202) 324-3691
June 30, 1992
"OPERATION GOLDPILL" TARGETS HEALTH CARE CRIME
Attorney General William P. Barr and Director
William S. Sessions announced today that more than 1,000 FBI
Agents and 120 other law enforcement officers are making arrests,
conducting searches, and seizing assets in over 50 cities and
towns as part of "Operation Goldpill," the most widespread
criminal fraud investigation of the health care industry ever
carried out.
Agents are expected to arrest more than 100 persons--
including pharmacists and prescription drug distributors.
Barr said, "In February, the Justice Department
released a report which underscored our continuing commitment to
leading the effort to combat health care fraud. At that time, I
announced resource enhancements in the FBI and Justice
Department's efforts against this insidious type of white collar
crime. Today, I congratulate the FBI, Director Sessions, the
United States Attorneys and all those who have contributed to
this most successful example of a nationally coordinated probe of
fraud in the health care field.
"Health care fraud is a serious crime that cheats the
government and private industry, taking vast numbers of dollars
from the pockets of Americans who pay taxes and insurance
premiums. This type of fraud hurts all who use the health care
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:29 OPD
P.03
Medical Licensing Boards, Blue Cross and Blue Shield Special
Investigative Units, pharmaceutical industry managers, and the
United States Attorneys.
Sessions said, "our objective today is to focus the
attention of the American people on the issue of health care
fraud and on those who are responsible for this epidemic of fraud
and abuse."
"Information gathered during the first portion of this
investigation showed us that, in order to address the problem of
health care fraud more adequately, we needed to assign more
agents. Therefore, last February I redirected 50 FBI Agents
because we want those engaged in health care fraud to know we
will use all available investigative tools to stop them from
lining their pockets by risking the health and well-being of the
American public," Sessions said.
Dr. Louis W. Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human
Services, said, "While only at tiny fraction of the medical
community might by involved, for me, 'Operation Goldpill' is a
bitter pill. As a physician, I find it unconscionable that any
health care professional would sacrifice a patient's welfare for
economic gain."
"Operation Goldpill" is the first of many
investigations being pursued to preserve the quality and
integrity of our health care system," Sessions said. "Today's
actions are part of the first phase of "Operation Goldpill" which
intended to produce ongoing evidence against people who
- 3 -
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:30 OPD
P.04
fraudulently siphon money from the health care system and prey on
others without regard for the health risks or financial problems
they cause.
I want to assure the American public that at no time
during this investigation did the FBI allow tainted or outdated
pharmaceuticals to reach the public. During every step of this
operation, the FBI worked closely with the FDA to carefully
monitor potential sales of inferior medications. Whenever the
FBI and FDA suspected any medications of being adulterated or
expired, they were seized. Public safety was paramount, and
plans were put in place to ensure that affected customers had
continued access to medication. Signs advising patients to
contact their physician if they require medications will be
posted at pharmacies that are being closed. Hotline numbers will
also be posted," Sessions said.
The investigation uncovered two schemes: Illegal
diversion of non-controlled pharmaceutical medications and
fraudulent billings.
ILLEGAL DIVERSION
*
Individuals who are eligible to receive Medicaid obtain
prescriptions for expensive medications through an unscrupulous
physician, who may have recruited the patient.
*
The physician would bill Medicaid for extensive office
visits by these patients who are not ill and may only stay five
minutes or less, just long enough for the doctor to write out the
prescription.
- 4 -
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:31 OPD
P.05
The patients then have the prescription filled by a
pharmacist who is involved in the scheme. Medicaid is also
billed for the medicine.
*
The patient then turns around and sells the
prescription drugs for approximately ten percent of their value
to a "non-con" man, a street term for criminals who trade in non-
narcotic prescription medication.
*
The "non-con" men, or diverters, purchase the drugs for
resale to other "non-con" men or, sometimes pharmacies which, in
turn, then sell them to the unsuspecting public. In most cases,
the drugs are repackaged to disguise the origin of the
medications. FBI investigations show this criminal activity is
occurring in many metropolitan areas throughout the United
States.
FRAUDULENT BILLING
*
Filling prescriptions with generic drugs and billing
for the more expensive brand name products;
*
Billing Medicaid and insurance carriers multiple times
for the same prescription;
*
Billing Medicaid and insurance carriers for
prescriptions never written or filled; and,
Filling only a portion of the prescriptions, causing
patients to return at a later date to get the rest of their
medications. By splitting the prescription, the pharmacist is
paid two dispensing fees instead of the one he normally receives
when he fills a prescription.
- 5 -
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:31 OPD
P. 06
"Despite the number of arrests, searches and seizures
executed today, it is essential that the American public continue
to have faith in those health care professionals who work
diligently to provide the very best medical care possible," said
Sessions.
###
- 6 -
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:32 OPD
P.07
VL01 WI - .... --
SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-30-92 : 13:55 :
The White House-
OPD:# 2
THE WHITE HOUSE
office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
June 30, 1992
STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT
The federal government took another major step today to protect
our citizens against & type of crime which victimizes all
Americans: health care fraud.
More than 1,000 FBI agents carried out early morning raids in
over 50 cities nationwide as part of "Operation Goldpill" and we
expect charges against some 200 individuals, cerporations, and
pharmacies.
The targets of this unprecedented crackdown are pharmacists,
other health care professionals, and prescription drug
distributors who are charged with carrying out widespread fraud
through excessive billings and the illegal diversion, repackaging
and distribution of prescription medicine.
These health care professionals are charged with betraying a
sacred trust to their patients. These frauds steal billions from
the pockets of every American who pays taxes and health insurance
premiums. These crimes also pose potentially grave health
hasards to patients.
Health care and health care fraud have long been enforcement
The government also has a sacred trust: to protect all Americans.
priorities Service for the Justice Department and Department of
Health and Human Services.
Let those medical professionals and others who pray on the public
take need: This is only Phase One of operation Goldpill. The
FBI and other enforcement agencies working with them are using
every law enforcement tool in our arsenal against these serious
crimes, including court-approved wiretapping and undercover
agents.
H wish to take this opportunity to congratulate the FBI, Attorney
General Barr, and Health and Human services Secretary Sullivan
for this outstanding example of a nationally coordinated effort.
I look forward to the continued results of Operation Goldpill.
# # #
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:36 OPD
P.01
TELE-FAX COVER SHEET
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
OFFICE OF POLICY & COMMUNICATIONS
10TH AND CONSTITUTION AVENUE, NW
WASHINGTON, DC 20530
DATE: 8/3
SEND TO:
Jeannie Butname
COMMENTS:
Goldpill included -
I also have a thick packet of the summaries of
actual investigations
FAX NUMBER: 456-6218
CONTACT PERSON: Kimberly Booth
PHONE: 514-9205
NUMBER OF PAGES (INCLUDING THIS ONE):
15
OUR TELE-FAX NUMBER IS (202)-514-2424
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:36 OPD
P.02
Accorup. keport
FIGHTING FRAUD AND PUBLIC CORRUPTION
The Justice Department considers white collar crime -- fraud and public
corruption a top priority and a major threat to the nation's well-being and
economic health. In addition to the huge financial losses they impose on their
victims, these crimes can undermine confidence in the nation's public and
private institutions. During the past three years, the Department through
the FBI, U.S. Attorneys, and the Civil, Tax, and Criminal Divisions -- has
expanded its resources to deal firmly and swiftly with white collar crime.
These new efforts include special offices and task forces to investigate and
prosecute patterns of white collar crime as well as emerging areas of economic
crime.
FINANCIAL INSTITUTION FRAUD. In June 1990, the Attorney General appointed a
Special Counsel for Financial Institutions to coordinate investigations and prosecutions in
this area. In February 1991, the Attorney General created the New England Regional Bank
Fraud Task Force with its headquarters in Boston. In addition, 323 prosecutors have been
added in U.S. Attorneys Offices and 100 U.S. Secret Service Agents have been assigned to
financial institution fraud (FIF) cases as a result of resource enhancements in 1989 and 1990;
a total of 853 FBI agents are presently working these important matters. During the
summer of 1991, 30 AUSA positions were dedicated in 8 districts to work on a pilot project
to recover fines, restitution and seek affirmative civil recoveries in these FIF matters in
coordination with the regulatory agencies.
o
Overall Statistics. From FY 1989 through the third quarter of FY 1992, the
Department charged 3,270 defendants in major financial institution fraud cases.
During that period, 2,603 defendants were convicted - a 95.9% conviction rate. Of
those convicted, 77% were sentenced to prison terms. In addition, $18 million in
fines were imposed, and nearly $800 million in restitution ordered. 1,188 defendants
were charged, and 862 were convicted in major S&L cases. The convictions resulted
in 542 defendants being sentenced to prison, and nearly $11 million in fines imposed.
o
Dallas Task Force. Since the Task Force began in 1987, 190 people have been
charged and 142 of those charged have been convicted. It has achieved convictions
in all the major failure cases commonly associated with the S&L crisis in Texas
Sunbelt, Vernon, Western, Caprock, Security, Southwest and First Western.
Sentences ranging to 30 years in prison and millions in fines have been achieved.
0
BCCI. The Bank of Credit and Commerce International pleaded guilty to federal
racketeering charges in January 1992. In December 1991, BCCI agreed to plead
DOJ Accomplishments 1989 H (July) 1992
19
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:37 OPD
P.03
guilty to federal and state charges of conspiracy to commit racketeering and fraud. As
part of the agreement, BCCI will forfeit all of its assets in the United States ($550
million), the largest forfeiture in history, and will cooperate fully in ongoing
investigations of individuals. The plea agreement covers all three of the BCCI
corporate entities and a closely related organization. On January 24, 1992 the Court
accepted the plea and ordered the $550 million forfeiture. On July 29, 1992, Clark
Clifford and Robert Altman were indicted separately by federal and state authorities.
o
In California and Arizona, the infamous Lincoln Savings case has produced several
indictments and convictions. Recently indicted and awaiting trial was the head of
Lincoln - Charles Keating. Three of the initial five people indicted in the Lincoln
case pleaded guilty and are cooperating as government witnesses. Charles Keating,
III also has been indicted and is awaiting trial. Both Keatings are scheduled for trial
on October 20, 1992.
SECURITIES FRAUD. To combat fraud in the nation's securities and commodities
markets, the Department established Securities and Commodities Fraud Task Forces in
selected U.S. Attorneys offices in January 1989.
More than 400 cases are now under investigation by the Task Forces in Chicago, Los
Angeles, San Francisco, Kansas City, Denver, New York (Manhattan), Philadelphia,
Salt Lake City, and Newark. Major successes have been scored by the Department
against traders and their firms as well as individuals engaging in illegal trading and
market manipulation.
In addition to the Department's successful prosecution of the massive Boesky-Milken-
Drexel-Burnham securities fraud, a major Department undercover investigation into
illegal floor trading at the Chicago Board of Trade and the Chicago Mercantile
Exchange resulted in 48 indictments returned on August 3, 1989; 36 convictions have
been obtained to date. Eleven of those convicted were found guilty on RICO
charges.
HUD FRAUD. In 1989, the Attorney General directed all U.S. Attorneys to "give HUD
fraud cases a top priority." In addition, a HUD Fraud and Corruption Coordinating Group
was created in the Criminal Division.
During FY 1989-91, the Department has obtained 386 convictions; over $48.4 million
in fines, recoveries and restitution have been ordered.
In Oklahoma City, a HUD task force established in October 1988 to investigate HUD
fraud secured 40 convictions and more than $6.4 million in fines and court-ordered
restitution.
DOJ Accomplishments 1989 - (July) 1992
20
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:38 OPD
P.04
HEALTH CARE FRAUD
I. Introduction
In 1991, the United States expended $738 billion in
providing health care to the public. This equates to an
expenditure in excess of $24,000 per second. By comparison, in
1980, health care cost approximately $282 billion. By 1994, the
United States Chamber of Commerce estimates the United States
health care costs will eclipse $1 trillion, and $1.6 trillion by
the turn of the century.
By the year 2000 health care will consume up to 16.4
percent of the Nation's gross national product (GNP).
Health care frauds and crimes committed by health care
professionals affect our income and imperil the safety of
patients. People stricken with illnesses seeking medical
treatment are the unwitting victims of unnecessary laboratory
tests, surgeries, x-rays, prescriptions, supplies, and other
ancillary services which defraud Government-funded programs and
private insurance carriers. Additionally, these frauds expose
patients to treatments which potentially subject them to
unwarranted dangers.
Health care fraud continues to be a top investigative
priority within the FBI's White-Collar Crimes Program (WCCP).
Additionally, the Attorney General's Economic Crime Council has
mandated health care fraud as a top prosecutive priority, having
recognized the safety issues and the enormous economic
considerations involved.
The Chamber of Commerce estimates that between 5 to 20
percent of all paid insurance claims are fraudulent or
questionable.
HEALTH CARE COSTS
5%
15%
FRAUDULENT
QUESTIONABLE
LEGITIMATE
SOURCE . CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
AUG- G 3-92 3 MON 10:39 OPD
P.05
While a number of law enforcement and commercial
investigative agencies look into allegations of criminal activity
by health care professionals, the FBI has taken a prominent role
in bringing these cases to prosecution. During the past fifteen
years, the FBI has focused on a variety of criminal activities by
different types of health care providers, including:
false billings and excessive diagnostic tests by
physicians
controlled substance and prescription distribution
abuse by pharmacies and physicians
pharmaceutical diversions, false billings, generic
substitutions and kickbacks by pharmacies
kickbacks and false test results by medical
laboratories
false cost reports by hospitals and nursing homes
kickbacks or patient screening by health maintenance
organizations (HMO)
false billings and kickback activities by
therapists, ambulance service companies, and other
ancillary health care providers
A. The Historical Perspective
The FBI's initial investigations into health care fraud
during the 1970s were viewed favorably because this type of fraud
had not been investigated before. But there were also some
negative aspects. First, the investigative efforts were
restricted to a few field offices and the FBI's national coverage
was spotty. Second, these investigations were almost exclusively
traditional in that field divisions overwhelmingly resolved
criminal allegations through strictly overt investigative
techniques such as record reviews and interviews.
During the early to late 1980s, the FBI's resources in
health care fraud investigations were diverted from the WCCP to
address two major crime problems: drugs matters and the savings
and loan crisis. FBI offices were only able to address
significant investigative health care fraud matters. By 1990,
the FBI's trained investigators and the criminal intelligence
base in health care frauds diminished.
P.06
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:39 OPD
B. The FBI's Current Perspective
However, during the past two years, the FBI's efforts
in health care investigations have been redefined and focused on
addressing significant crime problems, developing an extensive
intelligence base and training field Agents in the complex
aspects of conducting health care investigations. As a result of
an aggressive training program and increased interest from field
divisions, the FBI coverage of health care fraud has become less
localized and is pursued nationally by virtually all FBI field
offices. Currently, present day health care efforts involve
broader participation by most field divisions with a focus on
larger regional and national crime problems.
Since 1989, FBI expenditures in health care fraud
investigations have more than doubled from $4.2 million to
expenditures of $9.3 million in Fiscal Year 1991. At the same
time, manpower committments have increased by 150 percent.
Currently, 147 Agents are working on health care violations.
FBI MANPOWER UTILIZATION
HEALTH CARE
AGENT WORKYEARS
160
140
120
100
80
60
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
FISCAL YEARS
(INCLUDES GOVERNMENT FRAUD & ECONOMIC CRIMES WORKYEARS)
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:40 OPD
P.07
As in the early 1980s, where the FBI used its arsenal
of sophisticated investigative techniques to address organized
crime families, white-collar crime investigations, and more
specifically health care frauds, have also been addressed through
undercover operations, consensual monitoring and Title III
electronic surveillance.
single defendant prosecutions have given way to multi-
defendant conspiracy indictments; and, rather than "reacting" to
isolated complaints, the current initiatives include the
deployment of unique and sophisticated proactive investigative
techniques. The FBI's efforts now focus on the larger crime
problems and are evidenced by recent successes in:
pharmaceutical frauds and diversions
medicare frauds
medicaid clinic frauds
The FBI has also taken a broader approach to health
care provider fraud cases. While it has been recognized that
Government-funded health care frauds are significant criminal
problems, it has been repeatedly shown that providers who defraud
the Government also defraud commercial insurance carriers.
Field offices have more effectively addressed
Government frauds by investigating the same provider for
commercial insurance fraud. This approach not only deals with
significant financial ramifications of health care fraud on the
commercial insurance industry, but also streamlines the inherent
difficulties in investigating many Medicare cases. Medicare
patients can make good witnesses, but often they are reluctant to
testify or cannot produce the evidence needed to bring the case
to prosecution. Also, for age reasons, undercover efforts are
difficult in many Medicare cases.
Consequently, a broader investigative approach to
health care fraud is necessary to more effectively address crimes
perpetrated by health care providers and unscrupulous
businessmen. Recent results have been extremely successful with
a certain expectation there will be significant prosecutions of
professionals and businessmen engaged in criminal activity.
AUG- G 3-92 MON 10:41 OPD
P.08
II. The Health Care Industry
Medicaid is funded by both the Federal and state
governments with each state contributing up to 50 percent to the
program. Many states fund substantially less than 50 percent.
In 1991, Federal/state contributions to Medicaid totalled
approximately $80 billion. The Federal Government's share of
contributions was approximately $40 billion.
Medicare is funded entirely by the U.S. Government. In
1991, $112.2 billion was expended in medical claims for the
elderly. Medicare's high cost and continued rapid growth are
evidence of inadequate economic incentives for patients and
providers to contain costs.
Other Government-sponsored programs, which include
benefits provided to Federal employees, retired and active
military and their dependents, veterans, and others, account for
$92.4 billion in current expenditures.
Private health insurers, through contributions by
employee benefit plans and the general population, support and
pay the expenses of the substantial balance of health care costs.
Private insurance costs as well as out-of-pocket expenses account
for the majority of expenditures or $400 billion.
The Nation's Health Dollar: 1990
Private Insurance
Hospital Care
Medicare
Other
38%
17%
20%
23%
Nursing
14%
19%
Home
Medicaid
Out-of-pocket
Personal
Physician
Other Govt.
Payments
Health Care
Services
Programs
Where it came from
Where it went
Source - HCFA
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:41 OPD
P.09
III. Health Care Crime Problems
Health care fraud is a criminal activity which is
committed by both highly educated health care professionals and
specialized business entities. Health care frauds occur in every
segment of the health care industry. Frauds have been uncovered
in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, and pharmacies. Health
care frauds have been committed by durable medical equipment
(DME) companies and suppliers, pharmaceutical representatives,
medical testing laboratories, and others who provide services to
health care professionals and institutions.
Deception, violations of professional ethics, and
betrayal of the public trust are key incentives to providers and
businessmen committing health care frauds.
Distribution of Cases Investigated
Services not
Rendered
3%
Other
14%
Employment
Falsification
Fraudulent
Copay/Deductible
Diagnosis
Waiver
Brand/Generic
Substitution
Source: 1989 HIAA Survey
3-92 MON 10:42 OPD
P.10
A. Billing Frauds
Primarily frauds revolve around the submission of false
claims. False billings by health care providers generally occur
when:
the service was never rendered
a service was in fact rendered, but a more expensive
procedure (unperformed) was billed
the service was preformed fewer times than it was
billed
the diagnosis code on the billing is altered to
purportedly justify more expensive treatment and
procedures
the service was not rendered by the qualified
professional but was rendered by lesser or
unqualified individual
One example of false billing for services not rendered
involves medical laboratories who "sink test" a procedure which
essentially involves dumping blood and urine specimens down the
sink without performing the tests and then reporting test results
within the normal range. Another example is a pharmacy which,
upon receiving a prescription from a patient, dispenses an
inexpensive generic drug but bills for a more expensive or brand
name drug.
A similar type of pharmacy crime occurs when the
pharmacist has purchased devalued, diverted, or stolen
pharmaceuticals. Because pharmacies are required to bill
insurance carriers on a cost basis, their billings should reflect
actual costs incurred in the acquisition of pharmaceuticals. If
the pharmacy has obtained stolen pharmaceuticals or dispensed
samples, their acquisition costs are, of course, negligible. To
bill legitimately the pharmacy should be reporting these reduced
costs to insurers. If they do not accurately represent the
costs, fraudulent billings result.
Other examples of false billings include:
clinics billing for patient examinations when none
have been performed
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:43 OPD
P.11
physical therapists performing two modes of therapy
on a patient and then billing for four separate
procedures
physicians representing that a more expensive
plaster cast was placed on the patient rather than
the less expensive splint
pharmacies billing for refilled prescriptions when
the prescriptions are not refilled
ambulance companies billing for emergency conveyance
when no "emergency" existed
podiatrists billing for extensive medical procedures
while simply clipping a patients toenails
durable equipment providers who bill for the
purchase or rental of medical equipment well beyond
the time period the equipment is used or on a more
frequent basis than actually provided
In addition to the myriad of services that health care
providers bill for without actually providing the services,
criminal activity is being conducted to a number of less obvious
yet insignificant segments of the health care industry.
B. Hospital and Nursing Homes
False cost reports filed by nursing homes or hospitals
can also be prosecuted through Federal criminal statutes.
Nursing homes and hospitals bill insurers on a cost basis. The
greater the cost of operating their facility the greater the
reimbursement rates for room use, treatments, and other
components of in-patient care. Insurers, intermediaries, and
auditors rely upon the representations these facilities make
concerning their operating costs. Therefore, if the facility
falsely inflates the reported costs, the insurer pays a higher
fee structure than it should.
Since these cost reviews are mostly an auditing
function, the FBI's role has been to work closely with other
investigators and auditors, who conduct the initial review and
determine the accuracy and necessity of charges generated by
hospitals and nursing homes.
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:43 OPD
P.12
C. Health Maintenance and Preferred Provider
Organizations
Additional criminal activities involve the "screening"
of patients who obtain treatment through Health Maintenance
Organizations (HMO) and Preferred Provider Maintenance
Organizations (PPMO). Both HMOS and PPMOs are multipurpose
provider organizations which charge reduced fees for services
because they service large groups of the patient population.
The fees are usually paid on a per capita or patient
basis. Both HMOs and PPMOs generally bill employers or insurers
a single fee for each patient or employee on a annual basis,
regardless of the number of patients, visits or number of
procedures performed. Naturally, the HMOs profits are greater
when fewer procedures need to be performed on patients.
Therefore, the healthier the patients, the more profitable the
HMO becomes.
"Screening" is the fraudulent practice that the HMO
performs when it excludes or "screens" the sick patients and
accepts only the healthy patients. The HMO falsely reports to
the insurers, however, that it has not discriminated against
individuals by not providing services to otherwise qualified
persons.
Another type of false billing takes place if the
physician or other primary care professional enters a false
diagnosis code. Before ordering expensive laboratory x-rays or
other similar services, physicians justify the ordering of such
procedures by determining that a need exists to make such
diagnostic inquiries.
They accomplish this by entering a diagnosis code on
the service order forms. For example, a physician examines a
healthy patient and orders extensive diagnostic tests for the
patient based upon a knowingly false diagnosis, the physician has
submitted a false billing. Prosecutions of this type of criminal
activity has historically been limited to egregious situations.
It must be remembered that a physician has a professional
prerogative to treat patients with wide latitude. To be pursued
criminally, it must be shown that the services billed bear
absolutely no relationship to the patients' actual condition and
therefore are a sham. Evidence in these situations must be
exceptionally strong to sustain successful prosecution.
AUG- G 3-92 MON 10:44 OPD
P.13
D. Diet Clinics
Current intelligence data shows that diet clinics
commit significant frauds upon Government and private carriers.
Clinics involved in criminal activity perpetuate fraud by
soliciting patients (usually through mass media) and promise
weight loss at nominal expense to the patient. Customers who
frequent diet clinics are often required to undergo a series of
blood tests, x-rays, and other ancillary tests. These services
are then billed to insurers under the false pretense of a
manufactured psychological malady.
The clinics solicit patients promising an in-house
respite at a country club-type facility usually at a warm climate
location. Patients are provided airfare and are often
chauffeured to the club. Services such as trips to Disney World
or deep sea-fishing are billed as therapy. The hospital stay as
well as all services provided is billed to the Government and
insured carriers based upon a purported psychiatric diagnosis
when in fact the patients were at the clinic to lose weight or
simply a respite-type vacation.
The clinics accomplish the fraud by misstating medical
conditions of their customers in order to justify payments for
the tests and other services. Frauds of this nature have been
documented in the millions with little investigative emphasis.
E. Psychiatric Hospitals
In recent years, employers have expanded health care
benefits to employees to cover treatments for substance abuse,
alcoholism, and mental depression. Generally, health insurance
allows for coverage of in-patient treatment for up to 28 days on
an annual basis.
Current intelligence shows that psychiatric hospitals
and clinics are defrauding Government programs and private
insurers of hundreds of millions of dollars annually when out-
patient treatment was appropriate. Patients have been forcibly
admitted into psychiatric treatment programs in situations where
they posed no threat to the community or themselves.
Often patients are subject to batteries of blood tests,
x-rays, shock treatment, and other services. Investigations to
date have disclosed billings to the Government in the hundreds of
millions of dollars. Private insurers have also provided similar
allegations involving hundreds of millions of dollars of
billings.
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:45 OPD
P. 14
F. Durable Medical Equipment Frauds
Current investigations and the intelligence base have
shown that DME fraud is a significant criminal problem. DME
frauds are perpetrated through several schemes. Subject
companies often pay kickbacks to nursing homes and hospitals for
obtaining supply contracts. Subjects have been known to use
aggressive telemarketing scams to fraudulently bill unnecessary
DME supplies and services. Other subjects obtain patient lists
from nursing homes and routinely bill for products or services
which are neither needed or rendered.
G. Senior Citizens' Homes
Senior citizens' homes often accommodate patients long-
term medical attention to a lesser degree than care provided in
nursing homes and hospitals. With "baby boomers" reaching
retirement age, senior citizen homes are fast becoming a growing
industry. The intelligence base has also indicated substantial
fraud at these facilities. DME suppliers, pharmaceutical
suppliers, physical therapists, and other ancillary care
providers perpetrate fraud by paying kickbacks to the home's
managers or bill for phony services.
Controlled substance violations
Title 21, USC, Section 841 addresses criminal behavior
in the dispensing of controlled substances and issuance of
prescriptions for controlled substances. This statute prohibits
health care facilities from issuing prescriptions for controlled
substances unless the physician has made medical inquiry through
examination and has come to a bona fide conclusion that the
patient has a need for controlled substances. (Pharmacists have
similar obligations.)
The prosecution of health care providers for fraud
coupled with narcotics-related offenses has been encouraged in
White-Collar Crimes investigations for several reasons. Such
prosecutions are usually more appealing to Assistant U.S.
Attorneys and the criminal penalties are generally more severe
and much more likely to result in significant jail sentences.
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:45 OPD
P.15
IV. Related Health Insurance Frauds
A. Slip and Fall Cases
Private insurers and the Government lose millions of
dollars annually to phony automobile and "slip-and-fall" claims.
Ongoing investigative matters and the intelligence base indicate
that billions of dollars in medical and liability claims are paid
annually to medical doctors, lawyers, and parties faking injury.
Normally, to avoid litigation costs, insurance companies
generally agree to settle claims through arbitration. The
cooperating doctor will have conspired in structuring the fraud
and the arbitrator generally is not able to determine that the
claim is valid.
B. Multiple Employer Welfare Arrangements
A Multiple Employer Welfare Arrangement (MEWA)
constitutes part of an employee welfare benefit plan, or any
other arrangement, that is established or maintained for the
purpose of offering or providing medical, surgical, or hospital
benefits, or benefits in the event of sickness, accident,
disability, or death to the employees of two or more employers,
or to their beneficiaries.
Small employers lacking the expertise and desperate to
cope with high health insurance costs, are turning to these
arrangements on the erroneous assumption that they are safe,
either regulated by the state insurance department or adequately
protected under Federal law.
Operators forming fraudulent MEWAS use proposals,
application forms, benefit booklets, and other materials that
make them appear to be licensed insurance companies or which
suggest that large legitimate insurers stand behind their
policies. The low rates, offered by fraudulent MEWAS, may be
very alluring to small businesses who require low cost insurance.
However, these low rates provide for actuarially unsound
insurance plans. The fraudulent MEWA represents a high-stakes
Ponzi scheme paying today's claims with tomorrow's premiums.
Fraudulent MEWA operators deliberately design their
scheme to pay small claims on time and in full during the early
stages of operation. This process avoids consumer complaints
that would normally alert insurance regulators and criminal
investigators. When a fraudulent or unauthorized MEWA is
discovered, regulators must initiate an investigation and bring
civil proceedings in court to obtain an injunction to stop the
MEWA. This process has built in delays which allow the
fraudulent MEWA operator to collect additional contributions.
A fraudulent MEWA typically involves violations of the
Federal Fraud by Wire, Mail Fraud, and various banking and/or
securities fraud statutes. These statutes directly convey to the
FBI authority to conduct investigations.
AUG- 3-92 MON 10:46 OPD
P.16
V. Development of a National Strategic Investigative Plan
this country, the FBI has adopted the following:
- In order to impact on health care frauds affecting
- Assigned resources to address identified health care
problems, using a national concept, "Goldpill," which will
address & local problem nationally.
- Devoted resources to cases focused at national
health providers such as psychiatric hospitals and diet centers
which are committing frauds nationwide.
- Devoted resources to investigations involving
ancillary services provided to the health care industry.
- Devoted a sufficient number of resources which will
penetrate and attack health care frauds in every segment of the
industry in a coordinated effort.
- Have resources able to follow up on intelligence
obtained through current investigations and initiatives in order
to expand upon existing efforts.
To attack the further problems which have already been
defined will require an infusion of investigative resources and
coordinated effort with both law enforcement and private
insurers. The most fundamental hurdle to overcome in tackling
health care frauds afflicting the Nation will be determining the
magnitude of the crime problem.
TEL:
Aug 03'92 16:36 No 016 P.01
FAX
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Date:
8/3/92
To:
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Organization:
Fax Number:
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From: Grahams Kinahan
Organization:
Number of Pages to Follow:
Phone Number:
336-7865
Comments:
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Aug 03'92 16:36 No 016 P.02
Note: The following points are for partisan use, and are written and constructed accordingly.
They should be shared and copied within GOP circles only.
Clinton and Family Values
On Mother's Day, Clinton spoke in San Francisco and said, "For all the talk of family
values by those who have governed this country for 20 of the last 24 years, we don't do
anything like we should in the rearing and educating of children." He continued, "All
the people who thump their convictions and religion and pretend to be so righteous,
where are they when the family values can't be found on the streets of this country?
When there is no health care for pregnant women? When too many children are born
with low birth weights?
...
Where are they?"
Well, maybe they're somewhere in Arkansas. During Clinton's tenure as governor for
12 of the last 14 years, Arkansas has remained or sunk even lower in a mire of
afflictions that threaten Arkansas' families. Clinton also said in San Francisco, "I
grieve for the causes that led to" the riots and looting. Yet, he has done little or
nothing to deal with the very same problems in Arkansas.
Families and Family Values in Clinton's Arkansas
Despite objection from many churches and parents, Arkansas is one of the few
condoms
states to have school-based health clinics which are encouraged to dispense condoms
to children. The program was initiated and sustained under the Clinton
administration in order to fight the second highest teenage birth-rate in the nation.
According to the Wall Street Journal in 1986, teenage family planning clinics have
led to lower birthrates nationally, but not lower pregnancy rates.
Dr. Joycelyn Elders, the Clinton-appointed director of the Arkansas Department of
Health, told 60 Minutes in 1990 that, "It's apparent that preaching abstinence does
not work." Elders also admitted that the school-based health clinics counsel girls
on their options abortion being one such option. But, Clinton said during the
1990 gubernatorial campaign that the school clinics did not give abortion
counseling.
Though Clinton admits that unmarried pregnant women are a serious problem for
America, pregnancy out of wedlock is rampant in Arkansas. The number of
unmarried pregnant women rose from 20.5 percent in 1980 to 26.5 percent in 1988.
In 1986, Arkansas ranked 17th nationally for unmarried women giving birth.
On the campaign trail, Clinton has said that illegal drugs are a scourge, and yet the
Arkansas high school dropout rate due to drug and alcohol abuse rose 29 percent
from 1987-88 to 1988-89.
TEL:
Aug
03'92
16:37 No. 016 P.03
see next page for School prayer
DOCUMENT-
72 OF
914
PAGE =
1 OF
7
ACCESS # AG21329
HEADLINE Special session to start Monday, focus on damage control from last
Byline:
JOHN BRUMMETT
DATE
06/16/85
SOURCE
THE ARKANSAS GAZETTE
(AG)
Section: CITY
Page:
1A
(Copyright 1989)
RE
AR
The 75th General Assembly will convene in special session at 4
p.m. Monday, not quite three months since adjourning its regular
session, for a meeting that is expected to last a week or two and is
primarily designed to head off damage that could result from actions
taken in the regular session.
The session, called by Governor Bill Clinton and encouraged by
Attorney General Steve Clark, will deal mainly with the proposed
amending, and perhaps repeal, of three laws that many now acknowledge
were ill-conceived, or at least a bit freewheeling.
Three main issues
These are the laws:
Act 740 of 1985, which grants tax credits, meaning direct
reductions in tax liability, for donations during 1985 and 1986 to
public or private colleges and universities to maximum amounts of
$200 for individuals, $400 for couples and $5,000 for corporations.
In other words, a person could donate $200 to a college and reduce
his tax debt by $200. The state, in effect, would reimburse him, and
the taxpayer conceivably could profit by itemizing the contribution
as a deduction in a federal tax return. The law would take effect
June 28, the 90th day after adjournment of the regular session, but
Mr. Clinton wants to restrict it before the effective date because of
fear that the drain on the state treasury could reach $9 million a
year or more. He has proposed granting a 33 per cent credit on
donations to maximums equal to half those in the current law for
individuals and couples, and $1,000 for corporations. That might
reduce the state's loss to $1.5 million or SO. Senator Ben Allen of
Little Rock, chairman of the Senate Revenue and Taxation Committee,
has promised to fight for outright repeal of the law. Colleges and
universities, both public and private, have indicated a willingness
to reduce the credit, though most oppose repeal.
Act 491 of 1985, which legalizes home schools, provides only that
home-educated youths must pass a test after reaching age 9 and gives
the state Education Department no authority to enforce regulations it
has proposed on the subject. Mr. Clinton has avoided specifics and
has asked the legislative Joint Interim Education Committee for
advice. The Committee met Thursday and will meet again Monday
morning. The governor has mentioned earlier testing requirements.
Clark has said the law should require testing of parents who choose
to teach their children and curriculum and attendance requirements.
Some legislators can be expected to favor repeal of the law, while
home school advocates want to keep the bill in its current form.
Act 417 of 1985, which grants tax credits of up to $4,000 a year
for up to 10 years to defray the costs of individuals or businesses
who build surface water impoundments for storage, conservation or
wildlife management. The bill is intended to encourage the
preservation of groundwater and was popular with many East Arkansas
TEL:
Aug
03'92 16:38 No.016 P.04
legislators who considered it an alternative to the
twice-unsuccessful efforts to adopt a comprehensive state water code.
Mahlon Martin, the director of the Finance and Administration
Department, has warned of a substantial, though undeterminable,
revenue loss to the state. It is conceivable that the tax credits
could extend to the building of stock ponds. Again, Mr. Clinton
hasn't yet offered specifics, other than to say he wants to reduce
the size of the tax credit.
Other issues are bound to attract attention and cause dispute,
and it's possible the Grand Gulf matter will rear its head.
Grand Gulf not on list now
Friday, Mr. Clinton asked the state Public Service Commission to
recommend any possible pieces of legislation that might help the
state deal with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ruling last
week requiring the Arkansas Power and Light Company to pay 36 per
cent of the Middle South Utilities share of the Grand Gulf nuclear
power plant in Mississippi. He hadn't mentioned any Grand Gulf
issues in the formal proclamation for the session, but he could amend
the proclamation later.
The governor has said a state takeover of AP and L is a last
resort and that the point of last resort hasn't been reached. State
Representative Lloyd George of Danville has a takeover bill ready for
filing and has indicated a willingness to introduce it as an
alternative to increases of 40 per cent or more in residential
electric rates. (Increases that high only would come at the end of
the phase-in of Grand Gulf costs and including a pending retail rate
increase request.)
In a special session, the General Assembly may consider only
those measures proposed by the governor or bills initiated by
legislators that are germane to the subjects enumerated by the
governor in his formal proclamation - unless it votes by two-thirds
majority to consider something else.
School prayer on agenda
School prayer will be on the agenda. Mr. Clinton wants to amend
the state law permitting school prayer to make it conform to the
ruling last week by the United States Supreme Court that struck down
an Alabama law on silent school prayer. The Supreme Court indicated
states could permit moments of silence or meditation as long as they
were not for the expressed purpose of religious prayer.
As is the case with the college tax credit and home school
issues, Clark had encouraged Mr. Clinton to include the school prayer
issue in the session.
Splitting parimutuel handle
The potentially volatile issue of distributing the parimutuel
handle from Oaklawn Park's horse racing season is also on the agenda.
Until last year, the Arkansas Thoroughbred Breeders Association had
received a portion of the handle for purses and breeders' awards.
But a new law enacted in 1984 said the breeders would get a portion
of the handle exceeding the handle of the previous year. What
happened this year was that the handle was down for the first time in
recent memory, so the breeders got nothing. Mr. Clinton wants to
write the breeders into the distribution formula, assuring them some
money.
The governor listed 21 items in his proclamation, issued
Thursday, and most were houskeeping matters. His office said an
amended proclamation could be expected Monday adding three or four
more items.
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The
FACTS
Alan
Guttmacher
Institute
An Independent, Nonprofit
Corporation for
Research, Policy Analysis
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BRIEF
Fax: 212 254-9891
2010 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Washington. DC 20036
Telephone: 202 296 4012
Fax. 202 223-5756
Abortion in the United States
Catholic women are about as likely to obtain an abortion as
INCIDENCE OF ABORTION
are all women nationally, while Protestants and Jews are
More than 50% of the pregnancies among American
less likely. Catholic women are 30% more likely than
women are unintended-1/2 of these are terminated by
Protestants to have abortions.
abortion. In 1988, there were 1.6 million abortions in the United
1 in 6 abortion patients in 1987 described herself as a born-
States. From 1973 through 1988, more than 22 million legal
again or Evangelical Christian; they are half as likely as
other women to obtain an abortion.
abortions took place in the United States. Since 1967, when
70% of women having an abortion say that they intend to
many states began liberalizing their abortion laws, almost
have children in the future.
24 million legal abortions have been performed.
On average, women report more than 3 reasons that lead
Each year nearly 3 out of 100 women aged 15-44 have an
them to choose abortion: 3/4 say that having a baby would
abortion-43% have had at least one previous abortion and
interfere with work, school or other responsibilities; about
49% have had a previous birth.
2/3 say they cannot afford to have a child; and 1/2 say they
The abortion rate-the number of abortions per 1,000
do not want to be a single parent or have problems in their
women aged 15-44-in 1975 was 22; in 1980, 29; in 1985, 28;
Of women having abortions, 1% have been advised that the
relationship with their husband or partner.
and in 1988, 27.
The United States has one of the higher abortion rates
fetus has a defect and an additional 12% fear that the fetus
among developed countries; U.S. rates of abortion and
may have been harmed by medications or other conditions.
unintended pregnancy are about 5 times those of the
About 16,000 women have abortions each year because
Netherlands.
they become pregnant as a result of rape or incest.
Most women who have an abortion after 15 weeks of
pregnancy have had problems detecting their pregnancy,
WHO HAS ABORTIONS AND WHY?
and almost 1/2 are delayed because of problems, usually
The majority of women obtaining abortions are young: 58%
financial, in arranging an abortion.
are under age 25, including about 26% who are teenagers
(aged 11-19); only 20% are aged 30 and older.
18-19-year-old women have the highest abortion rate-64
ABORTION AND TEENAGERS
The proportion of pregnancies terminated by abortion is
per 1,000 women.
Among teenagers, 82% of pregnancies are unintended.
Of the 1.6 million abortions obtained by U.S. women in
higher among unmarried women (56%), women aged 40
1988, 406,000 were obtained by teenagers.
and older (44%), teenagers (41%) and nonwhite women
41% of women who become pregnant as teenagers choose
(39%) than among all women (29%).
abortion, while 59% continue their pregnancies to term
Unmarried women are 5 times more likely than married
(excluding those who miscarry).
women to have an abortion.
Of teenagers having abortions, 3/4 say they cannot afford
Poor women are about 3 times more likely than women
to have a taby, and 2/3 think they are not mature enough.
who are financially better off to have abortions. Neverthe-
More than 1/4 of unmarried teenagers under age 18 who
less, 11% of abortions are obtained by women whose
get abortions have never used birth control. Of those who
household incomes are $50,000 or more.
have, most have often used one of the less effective ones,
While white women account for 65% of all abortions, the
such as the condom or withdrawal.
nonwhite abortion rate is more than twice the white rate
Teenagers are more likely than older women to have
(57 vs. 21 per 1,000).
abortions during the second 3 months of pregnancy, when
Hispanic women are 60% more likely than non-Hispanic
health risks associated with abortion increase significantly.
women to have abortions.
55% of teenagers under age 18 who obtain an abortion do
Women who report no religious affiliation have a higher
so with their parents' knowledge-the younger the
rate of abortion than women who report some affiliation.
teenager, the more likely that her parents know.
20
FAX NO. 6149203
ALAN GUTTMACHER INST.
AUG- 3-92 MON 16:44
18 states currently have mandatory parental Involvement
HOW SAFE IS ABORTION?
laws in effect for a minor to obtain an abortion: AL, AR,
The risk of complications with abortion is minimal-less
GA, ID, IN, LA, MA, MI, MN, MO, NB, ND, OH, RI, SC,
than 1% of all abortion patients experience a major compli-
UT, WV, WY. The laws in all of these states except ID and
cation associated with the procedure, such as A serious
UT stipulate that a minor can seek a court order authoriz-
pelvic Infection, hemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion
ing the procedure without parental knowledge. CT
or unintended major surgery,
requires counseling by a professional for minors under age
There is no evidence of problems with later childbearing
16; ME requires parental consent or counseling by a
among women who have an early abortion performed by
professional (as of 4/92).
the most common method-vacium aspiration,
The risk of death associated with childbirth is about 11
times as high as that associated with abortion.
WHEN DO WOMEN HAVE ABORTIONS?
The risk of death associated with abortion increases with
89% of abortions take place in the first trimester of preg-
the length of pregnancy, from 1 death for every 500,000
abortions at 8 weeks or less to 1 per 30,000 at 16-20 weeks
50% nancy. of the 1.6 million abortions each year take place at 8
and 1 per 8,000 at 21 or more weeks.
The risk of death associated with abortion decreased more
weeks or less from the last time the woman menstruated
than fivefold from 1973 to 1985, with 3.4 deaths per 100,000
(LMP); 27% at 9-10 weeks LMP; and 12% at 11-12 weeks
LMP. 6% of abortions take place at 13-15 weeks LMP; 4%
legal abortions in 1973 to 0.4 in 1985.
at 16-20 weeks LMP; and less than 1% at 21 weeks LMP or
more (0.6%).
About 100 or 0.01% of abortions take place after 24 weeks.
PUBLIC FUNDING AND ABORTION
One study found that of 78 reported abortions past 24
Since 1977, the U.S. Congress has barred the use of federal
weeks of pregnancy, 75 were classified incorrectly and
funds to pay for abortions for Medicaid-eligible women
were actually in utero fetal deaths or occurred at earlier
except when the woman's life would be endangered by a
gestation, and two of the three correctly classified abortions
full-term pregnancy. However, 13 states use their own
were for anencephaly.
funds to pay for abortions for low-income women: AK, CA,
CT, HL MA, MD, NJ, NY, NC, OR, VT, WA, WV (as of
4/92).
WHERE DO WOMEN HAVE ABORTIONS?
In 1987, 12% of all abortions in the United States were paid
9 out of 10 abortions take place in clinics or doctors' offices.
for with public funds, virtually all of which were state
In 1989, the cost of a first-trimester nonhospital abortion
funds.
ranged from $95 to over $1,000, and the average amount
For every $1.00 spent by government to pay for abortions
for poor women, about $4.00 is saved in public medical and
paid was $250; charges are elightly higher now.
The number of abortion providers declined by 4% between
welfare expenditures incurred as a result of the unintended
1983 and 1988 (from 2,680 to 2,582). The geographic
birth.
distribution of services is markedly uneven: 83% of all U.S.
When public funds are unavailable, 20% of Medicaid-
counties lacked an abortion provider in 1988 yet these
eligible women who want to have an abortion carry their
counties were home to 31% of all women aged 15-44.
pregnancy to term.
An estimated 22% of the Medicaid-eligible women who
2% of all abortions took place outside of metropolitan areas
had second-trimester abortions would have had first-
in 1988.
trimester abortions if the lack of public funds had not
Only 43% of all abortion facilities provide services to
women after the 12th week of pregnancy.
resulted in delay in trying to raise funds.
The states with the highest abortion rates (according to the
state in which the abortion occurred) in 1988 were: CA (46);
NY (43); HI (43); NV (40); and DE (36). Like other large
FOR MORE INFORMATION
citles, the District of Columbia has a higher rate (163) than
FROM THE ALAN GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE:
any state.
Abortion and Women's Health: A Turning Point for America?, 1990, 74 PP- $15.00.
The states with the lowest abortion occurrence rates In 1988
Abortion Factbook, 1992 Edition: Readings, Trands, and State and Local Date le 1988.
were: WY (5); SD (6); WV (8); ID (8); and MS (8).
212 PP. $90.00,
Induced Abortion, A World Register 1986, 152 PP- $15.00.
Inducal Abortion, A World Review 1990 Supplement, 120 PP- $5.00
ABORTION AND CONTRACEPTIVE USE
Our Drughters' Decisions: The Conflict In State Law on Abortion and Other Issues,
In 1988, there were 579 million women of reproductive
1992, 35pp. $10.00.
age-generally considered to be those aged 15-44,
Preventing Pregnancy. Protecting Health: A New Look at Birth Control Choices in the
67% of women of reproductive age, or 39 million, are at risk
United States, 1991, 129 PP" $20.00,
for unintended pregnancy (women who are sexually active,
Testage Pregnancy In the United States: The Scope of the Problem and State
fertile, and not pregnant or seeking pregnancy).
Responses, 1989, 72 PP. $15.00.
90% or 35 million women at risk for unintended pregnancy
Family Planning Perspections, 1-year subscription: $38.00 for Institutions, $28.00
use some method of contraception: 10% or 3.9 million
for Individuals. Back issues avellable for $8.00,
women are not contraceptive users.
State Repreduction Health Monitor: Logislative Proposals and Actions, 1-year
Women using contraceptives account for 43% of 1.7 million
subscription $120.00 for Institutions, $100.00 for individuals.
of unintended pregnancies a year; 57% or 1.9 million
Washington Mano, 1-year subscription: $60.00 for Institutions, $50.00 for
pregnancies occur among women not using contraceptives.
Individuals.
Only 9% of women having abortions have never used a
Plane include 10% for postage and handling. Prepaid orders only.
birth control method; nonuse is greatest among those who
are young, unmarried, poor, black, Hispanic or less
Additional copies of this factshest may be purchased for $0.40 each-volume
discounts are available.
educated.
The preparation of this "Facts in Drief" was made possible by & grant from the
A. L. Mailman Foundation.
4/92
80
FAX NO. 6149203
ALAN GUTTMACHER INST.
AUG- 3-92 MON 16:45
RESEARCH NOTE
Abortion Trends in 1987
And 1988: Age and Race
By Stanley K. Henshaw
This research note updates and re-
Most age-groups had a slightly higher
higher fertility and lower abortion rates
T
vises the numbers, percentage dis-
abortion rate in 1988 than in 1987. The
among women aged 40 and older.
tributions, rates and ratios of U.S.
largest increases (3% or more) occurred
Large differences exist in the abortion
abortion patients, according to age and
among women aged 18-29 and those aged
rates, ratios and recent trends among white
race.¹ New data for 1988 are presented,
40 and older. Among women aged 18-39,
women, compared with those of nonwhite
and the statistics for 1987 have been re-
rates were slightly higher in 1988 than in
women. In 1988, minority women (black
calculated to correct an anomaly in the
any other year since 1980.+ The rate
and other races) obtained 565,100 abortions,
1987 data that occurred when one large
among women under age 15 increased
or 36% of total abortions. Their abortion rate
state overstated the proportion of abor-
from 8.4 abortions per 1,000 in 1980 to 9.3
of 57 per 1,000 women was 2.7 times that
tions that occurred among women under
per 1,000 in 1984, then decreased to 8.6 per
of white women, whose rate was 21 abor-
age 18. Data for 1980 and 1986 are shown
1,000 in 1988. No clear trend was found
tions per 1,000 women. The abortion ratio
to illustrate recent trends.
among women aged 15-17 during this pe-
of nonwhite women was also higher than
riod. Among women aged 40 and older,
that of white women at all ages except
Methods
the abortion rate declined 20% between
among teenagers, whose ratio was 41 abor-
The total number of abortions that have
1980 and 1986, then increased slightly be-
tions per 100 pregnancies in both groups.
occurred in the United States was derived
tween 1986 and 1988.
Between 1987 and 1988, abortion rates
from periodic surveys by. The Alan Gutt-
The abortion ratios in Table 1, which
among white women remained stable or
macher Institute of all abortion providers
equal the percentage of pregnancies (ex-
increased slightly among women of all
in the United States.* The distributions
cluding miscarriages) terminated by abor-
ages except those younger than 15, whose
by age and race were obtained from the
tion, were calculated after adjustment of
rate decreased from 5.1 abortions per 1,000
abortion surveillance reports of the U.S.
births and abortions to the woman's age
to 4.5 per 1,000. Between 1980 and 1987, a
Centers for Disease Control² and include
when she became pregnant. The ratios
downward trend occurred among white
adjustments to eliminate the effects of
were lowest among women aged 25-29
women in the following age-groups: 15-19
year-to-year changes in the states pro-
(22 abortions per 100 pregnancies) and
(down 7%), 20-24 and 25-29 (down 4%),
viding data and in the completeness of
those aged 30-34 (21 per 100). At these
and 40 and over (down 23%). The other
the data collected by the states. The num-
ages, women are most likely to accept
age-groups experienced a slight upward
bers of births as published by the U.S.
childbearing even when pregnancies are
trend, with increases of 4% or less. Al-
National Center for, Health Statistics³
unintentional. The ratios were about twice
though most abortion ratios were stable
were used to calculate abortion ratios per
as high among teenagers (41 abortions per
between 1987 and 1988, those of women
100 births plus abortions, and population
100 pregnancies) and among women aged
in their 30s and 40s declined considerably
estimates from the Census Bureau were
40 and older (45 per 100).
between 1980 and 1988.
used to calculate abortion rates.4
Between 1987 and 1988, abortion ratios
Greater changes in abortion rates have
fell by 3-5% among women under age 18
occurred among minority women than
Findings
and women aged 35 and older. Among
among white women. Between 1987 and
As in previous years, the majority of wo-
women younger than 15, the ratio declined
1988, abortion rates increased 5-6% among
men who had abortions in 1988 were under
from a high of 46 in 1984-1985 (not shown)
minority women younger than 25 and in-
25 years old: 33% were aged 20-24 and 26%
to 39 per 100 in 1988. Pregnant women
creased 3% among those aged 25-29. The
were under age 20 (Table 1, page 86). Of the
younger than 15 were slightly less likely
estimated 406,400 teenagers who had abor-
to terminate their pregnancies by abortion
'An exception is the total for 1986, which was estimated
tions in 1988, 13,700 were younger than 15.
than were older teenagers. The ratio
by Interpolation between the figures for 1985 and 1987.
The highest abortion rate, 64 per 1,000
among women aged 15-17 has also de-
The survey methodology is described in S.K. Henshaw
and J. Van Vort, "Abortion Services in the United States,
women in the age-group, occurred among
creased since 1986, from 43 abortions per
1987 and 1988," Family Planning Perspectives, 22:102. 1990.
women aged 18-19, followed by a rate of
100 pregnancies to 41 per 100. Among
+For the abortion rates and ratios by age for the years be-
54 per 1,000 among women aged 20-24.
women aged 30 and older, the trend has
tween 1980 and 1986, sec S.K. Henshaw and J. Van Vort,
been downward since 1980, reflecting high-
eds., Abortion Facibook, 1992 Edition: Readings. Trends, and
Stanley K. Henshaw is deputy director of research at The
er fertility rates rather than lower abortion
State and Local Data to 1988, The Alan Guitmacher Insti-
Alan Guttmacher Institute.
rates among women in their 30s, and both
tute, New York, 1992 (forthcoming), Detailed Table 1.
Volume 24, Number 2, March/April 1992
85
04
FAX NO. 6149203
ALAN GUTTMACHER INST.
AUG- 3-92 MON 16:46
Abortion Trends by Age and Race
Table 1. Number and percentage distribution of legal abortions, rate of abortions per 1,000 women and ratio of abortions per 100 live births
plus abortions, by race and age, according to year
Race and age
N
%
Rate*
Ratiot
1987
1988
1987
1988
1980
1986
1987
1988
1980
1986
1987
1988
Total
1,559,110
1,590,750
100.0
100.0
29.3
27.4
26.9
27.3
30.0
29.4
28.8
28.6
<20
395,910
406,370
25.4
25.6
44.4
44.4
43.8
45.5
41.2
41.8
41.0
40.7
<15
14,270
13,650
0.9
0.9
8.4
9.2
8.8
8.6
42.7
438
41.0
39.1
44.0
41.1
41.7
41.0
40.7
15-19
381,640
392.720
24.5
24.7
42.9
42.6
42.2
15-17
161,120
158,330
10,3
10.0
30.2
30.0
29.7
30.3
42.4
42.9
42.0
40.9
18-19
220,520
234,390
14.2
14.7
61.0
61.9
61.0
63.5
40.1
40.7
40 2
40.6
20-24
518,290
519.600
33.2
32.7
51.4
52.2
52.5
54.2
30.1
31.5
31.3
31.3
25-29
337,450
347,250
21.6
21.8
30.8
30.9
30.8
31,8
21.8
22.0
21.6
21.7
23.3
21,5
21.1
20.6
30-34
191,540
197,210
12.3
12.4
17.1
17.9
17.9
16.1
35-39
93,030
95,870
6.0
6.0
9.3
9.7
9.6
9.9
37.2
31.9
30.4
29.1
>40
22,890
24,450
1.5
1.5
3.5
2.8
2.9
3.0
51.7
46.2
45.3
43 9
White
1,017,310
1,025,670
100.0
100.0
24.3
21.8
21.1
21.2
27.4
25.9
25.2
25.0
<20
267,280
269,390
26.3
26.3
39.2
36.8
36.4
37.3
41.8
41.6
41.1
40.5
4.5
U
U
<15
6,650
5,740
0,7
0.6
5.0
4.8
5.1
U
u
15-19
260,630
263,650
25.6
25.7
38.3
35.9
35.5
36.6
u
U
V
u
20-24
337.270
332.280
33.2
32.4
43.1
42.2
41.5
42.3
27.4
28.3
27,8
27.7
25-29
213,920
218,690
21.0
21.3
24.5
23.9
23.5
24.1
18.1
18,0
17.5
17.6
30-34
121,920
124,920
12.0
12.2
13.3
13.8
13.7
13.8
19.6
17.6
17.1
16.7
26.4
25.2
35-39
61,240
63,340
6.0
6.2
7.4
7,7
7.7
7.8
33.8
28.1
240
15,680
17,050
1.5
1.6
3.0
2.3
2.3
2.4
50.5
44.0
42.1
41.2
Black and other
541,800
565,080
100.0
100.0
56.8
55.9
56.0
57.3
39.2
39.8
39.3
38.9
<20
128.630
136.980
23.7
24.2
70.4
77.9
75.8
80.1
39.3
419
40.8
40.7
<15
7.620
7,910
1.4
1.4
24.4
27.0
23.4
24.9
W
W
U
u
15-19
121,010
129,070
22.3
22.8
66.0
72.5
71,3
75.5
u
u
U
u
20-24
181,020
187,320
33.4
33.1
95.6
99.4
103.6
108.5
40.3
40.9
41.0
40.9
25-29
123,530
128,560
228
22.7
64.7
657
66.8
68.8
36.8
36.8
36.4
36.0
30-34
69,620
72,290
12.9
12.9
38.9
38.7
39.3
39.6
37.5
36.1
35.6
34.7
35-39
31,790
32.530
5,9
5.8
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.0
47.6
44.0
43.2
41.5
240
7,210
7,400
1.3
1.3
6.7
5.8
6.4
6.2
54,9
52.7
54.6
52.0
"Denominator for ages <20 IS number of women aged 15-19; for ages <15. denominator is number of 14-year-old Temales: for ages 240, denominator IS number of women aged 40-44, denominator for
total IS women aged 15-44. Denominator 15 number of abortions plus live births SIX months later (to maich times of conception for pregnancies ending in births and pregnancies ending in abortions). both
adjusted 10 age of woman at time of conception Sources: Total number of abortions-AGI abortion provider surveys Distribution by age and rece-see reference 2. data have been adjusted TO as-
sure comparability between years: joint distribution was adjusted by ilerative proportional fitting to the marginal distributions Number of women-lor 1980 US Bureau of the Cansus, "Preliminary Esti-
mates of the Population of the United States. by Age. Sex, and Race: 1970 to 1981,7 Current Population Reports, Series P-25. No 917, Table 2: for 1986-1988. see reference 4. Number of births-see
reference 3. Note: usunavailable.
1988 rate was higher than that of any other
a factor for miscarriages.* The rate declined
cording to data from the National Surveys
year since 1980 for women aged 15-34. The
slightly, from 111 pregnancies per 1,000
of Family Growth. Among minority
abortion rates for minority women have
women aged 15-19 in 1980 and 1981 to a
women aged 15-19, on the other hand, the
increased considerably since 1984: In 1988,
low of 108 pregnancies per 1,000 in 1986
pregnancy rate increased even though the
the rate was 13% higher than in 1984
and 1987, then rose to 113 per 1,000 in 1988.
proportion of sexually active young
among women aged 15-19, 16% higher for
Because births and abortions increased by
women remained virtually unchanged.
those aged 20-24, 8% higher among those
about the same percentage, the proportion
Table 2 also shows pregnancy rates
aged 25-29 and 6% higher for those aged
of pregnancies ending in abortion changed
based on sexually active teenagers. The
30-34. Rates declined 13%, however,
little. Although the pregnancy rate in-
rate among teenagers who have ever had
among women younger than 15 and
creased between 1987 and 1988 by about
intercourse fell from 232 pregnancies per
changed little among women aged 35-39
the same percentage among white and
1,000 women aged 15-19 to 212 pregnan-
and those aged 40 and older.
nonwhite teenagers, the trends since 1980
cies per 1,000. The rate for sexually active
Abortion ratios for minority women
differ: The rate for white women aged
(Continued on page 96)
younger than 20 and aged 20-24 have
15-19 fell from 96 pregnancies per 1,000 in
1980 to 93 per 1,000 in 1988, while the rate
Table 2. Pregnancy rates per 1,000 women
changed much less, reflecting increases in
aged 15-19, and rates per 1,000 women aged
childbearing that approximate increases
for minority teenagers rose from 186 preg-
15-19 who have ever had Intercourse, by race,
in abortion. Increased fertility among
nancies per 1,000 to 197 per 1,000. The in-
according to year
women in their 30s has reduced the abor-
crease among minority teenagers has been
especially marked since 1984, when their
Race
1982
1988
tion ratios for those age groups.
We were able to calculate approximate
rate was 181 per 1,000.
All women
Total
110
113
pregnancy rates for teenagers by totaling
Trends in the pregnancy rates of teen-
White
95
93
the abortion and birth rates, then adding
agers cannot be attributed to changes in
Other races
181
197
the proportions initiating sexual activity.
Women who have ever had intercourse"
"Miscarriages are estimated to equal 10% of abortions
Between 1982 and 1988, the pregnancy
Total
232
212
plus 20% of births. These proportions attempt to account
rate for white women aged 15-19 de-
White
211
177
for pregnancies that miscarry after lasting long enough
Other races
322
352
creased, as shown in Table 2, even though
to be noted by the woman (six to seven weeks after the
the proportion of women in this age-
'The proportions who have ever had intercourse were derived from
last menstrual period). See H. Leridon, Human Fertility:
group who had ever had sexual inter-
special tabulations of the 1982 and 1986 National Surveys of Fam-
The Basic Components, University of Chicago Press, Chica-
By Growth.
go, 1977, Table 4.20.
course increased from 45% to 53%, ac-
86
Family Planning Perspectives
P.05
FAX NO. 6149203
ALAN GUTTMACHER INST.
AUG- 3-92 MON 16:47
Digests
There were significant differences in birth
pregnancy had a 10% risk of delivering a
between race and low birth weight among
low-birth-weight baby, but a black woman
the poor, and conclude that factors pre-
weights of white infants who were poor
and those who were not poor, according
who was poor at both times was only 1.3
ceding the specific pregnancy, such as
times more likely to do so (13%).
poverty or prior low-birth-weight deliver-
to poverty status in the year of sample se-
lection and in the year pregnancy began,
A 31% risk of low birth weight was
ies, have more of an effect. They point out
but not when the measure was the gener-
found among women whose prior birth
that "the possible role of social class in ex-
was of low birth weight, compared with
plaining variations in birthweight distrib-
al poverty pattern.
4% among women whose prior birth was
utions and, thereby, prognostic differentials
A white woman who was poor both at
of normal birth weight. Among poor
is generally recognized but unexplored,"
sample selection and at pregnancy was
women with a prior low-birth-weight de-
and suggest that "a focus on women who
three times more likely to deliver a low-
birth-weight infant as was a woman who
livery, the risk of having another was 39%;
are white and poor as well as on those who
was not poor at either time (14% vs. 4%).
among women in this category who were
are black may provide a better under-
However, women who went from being
not poor, the risk was 27%. If the woman's
standing of the social factors that predispose
poor to not being poor had a risk of low
prior birth was of normal birth weight, the
to poor pregnancy outcome."-R. Turner
birth weight of 8%, while women who
risk of having a low-birth-weight infant
went from not being poor to being poor
was 7% among the poor and 3% among
Reference
had a risk of 10%. A black woman who
those who were not poor.
1. B. Starfield et al., "Race, Family Income and Low Birth
was not poor at either sample selection or
The investigators find little relationship
Weight," American Journal of Epidentiology, 134:1167. 1991.
tion, 1986; and J.). Card and R.T. Rengan, "Strategies for
ture: An Agenda for the 1990s, Washington, D.C., 1989: and
Program for Adolescent Mothers
Evaluating Adolescent Pregnancy Programs," Family
K. Pittman and F. Adams, Tecnage Pregnancy: An Advo-
(Continued from page 71)
Planning Perspectives, 21:27, 1989.
cale's Cuide to the Numbers. Children's Defense Fund,
Washington, D.C.. 1988.
Consequences of Teenage Childbearing," in5. Hofferth and
10. S. Kagan et al., eds., America's Family Support Programs.
C. Hayes, cds., Risking the Future: Adolescent Sexuality, Preg-
Yale University Press, New Haven. 1987; and H. Welss and
14. lbid.
numby and Childbearing. Volume 11. National Academy Press,
R. Halpern, "Community-Based Family Support and Ed-
15. D.F. Polit and R. Kahn, "Project Redirection: Eval-
Washington, D.C., 1987; and D. Polit, "Comprehensive
ucation Programs. Something Old or Something New?"
uation of a Comprehensive Program for Disadvantaged
Programs for Pregnant and Parenting Teenagers: An As-
The National Center for Children in Poverty, Columbia
Tecnaged Mothers," Family Planning Perspectives, 17:150,
sessinent," Humanalysis, Inc., Jefferson City, Mo., 1986.
University School of Public Health, New York, 1991.
1985.
8. D.F. Polit and C.M. White, "The Lives of Young Dis
11. Department of Research, "Attrition from OFF/PTS
16. Ibid.
advantaged Mothers: The Five Year Follow-Up of the Pro-
Programs," unpublished report, Ounce of Prevention
jeet Redirection Sample," Humanalysis, Inc., Saratoga
Fund. Chicago.
17- C. Hayes, ed., 1987, op cit. (see reference 2).
Springs, N. Y., 1988: and A. M. Mitchell and D.K. Walk-
12. H. Ruch-Ross and M. Fernandez, "The Impact of
18. E.D. Jones and H.S. Ruch-Ross, "A Room Full of
er, "Final Report: Impact Evaluation of Too-Early Child-
Agency and Community Characteristics on Service De-
Your Sisters," unpublished manuscript.
bearing Programs," Southwest Regional Laboratories,
livery and Outcomes for Pregnant and Parenting Ado-
Los Alamitos, Calif., 1989.
lescents in Illinois," paper presented at the annual meet-
19. Ibid.
ting of the American Public Health Association, Atlanta,
20. G.J. Stahler and J. Ducette, "Evaluating Adoles-
9. ].]. Card, "Summary and Recommendations: Evalu-
November 10-14, 1991.
cent Pregnancy Programs: Rethinking Our Priorities,"
ating and Monitoring Programs for Fregnant and Par-
enting Teens," Palo Alto, Calif., Soclometrics Corpora-
13. Children's Defense Fund, A Vision for America's Fu-
Family Planning Perspectives. 23:29, 1991.
Abortion Trends
the fertility rates increased an additional
for Disease Control, Abortion Surveillance 1979-1980. At-
4-7% in 1989.5 (The fertility rate also in-
lanta, Ca., 1983.
(Continued from page 86)
creased among white women in 1989.)
3. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), "Ad-
These results suggest that young minori-
vance Report of Final Natality Statistics, 1989," Monthly
white teenagers decreased from 211 preg-
nancies per 1,000 to 177 per 1,000 (down
ty women are having increasing difficul-
Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 40, No. 8, Supplement, 1991:
"Advance Report of Final Natality Statistics, 1988,"
16%), while the rate for comparable mi-
ty controlling their fertility. Further re-
Monthly Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 39, No. 4, Supplement,
nority teenagers increased from 322 to 352
search is needed to determine the causes
1990; "Advance Report of Final Natality Statistics,
pregnancies per 1,000 (up 9%). These re-
for this and to develop strategies to pre-
1987," Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 38, No. 3, Sup-
sults may indicate improved contracep-
vent unwanted pregnancies.
plement, 1989; Advance Report of Final Natality
Statistics, 1986," Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 37.
tive use among white teenagers and less
No.
3,
Supplement,
1988;-
"Advance
Report?'
Final
effective use among nonwhite teenagers.
References
Natality Statistics, 1981," Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1. S.K. Henshaw. L M. Koonin and J.C. Smith, "Char"
Vol. 32, No. 9, Supplement, 1983; and "Advance Re-
Conclusion
acteristics of U.S. Women Having Abortions, 1987." Fam-
port of Final Natality Statistics, 1980," Monthly Vital Sta-
Although overall abortion rates have de-
ily Planning Perspectives. 23:75. 1991.
tistics Report, Vol. 31, No. &, Supplement, 1982.
clined slightly in recent years, both abor-
2. L. M. Koonin et al., "Abortion Surveillance, United
4. U.S. Bureau of the Census, "United States Population
tion rates and birthrates have increased
States, 1988," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Vol.
Estimates, by Age. Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1980
markedly since 1984 among minority
40, No. SS-2, July 1991, P. 15:-,
Surveillance,
to 1988," Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No. 1045.
"Abortion
women aged 15-30. The increases were es-
United States, 1986-1987." Morbidity and Mortality Week-
1990, Table 2.
pecially large between 1987 and 1988, and
ly Report. Vol. 39, No. SS-2, June 1990, P. 23: and Centers
5. NCHS, 1991, op. cit. (see reference 3).
Family Planning Perspectives
96
90 'd
FAX NO. 6149203
ALAN GUTTMACHER INST.
AUG- 3-92 MON 16:48
Catholic New York
February 21, 1991
5
From My Viewpoint
'Connor's Folly'-to Make Kids Wise
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
T
he truth about our Catholic schools, like the
Anyway, everybody knows that property is beg-
graduation.
truth about how much money the Archdio-
ging for buyers these days, and that buyers don't
But the money does not come in. The bills
cese of New York has, is open to anybody who is
have the money. And would anybody really want
scream to be paid. Praise doesn't pay them. Yet
open to it. That's why I can never get over the fact
us to sell St. Patrick's Cathedral?
the moment we talk about closing a single school,
that so many people find the truth so strange that
Moreover, schools aren't our only problem. We
we are flooded with protests. What in the world
they refuse to believe it.
are trying desperately to keep our hospitals open,
are we going to do?
There are so many myths about our schools that
our nursing homes, our child care facilities. We
I'll tell you what I, personally, am going to do. I
we couldn't begin to talk about them in an entire
are trying to help provide homes for the homeless,
am going to continue trying to move heaven and
issue of Catholic New York. So let's take just a
and to feed the hungry. If we closed down the
earth. With the help of my immediate associates
few.
buildings we use to take care of persons with
and our pastors and parents, religious sisters and
First, there's the myth that we take only the
AIDS, where would they go? Some day visit the
brothers and magnificent lay teachers, I believe
best and brightest young people from the "best"
brain-damaged children we care for, the utterly
we can keep schools closures to a bare-bone mini-
families (by which they mean all white, all Catho-
helpless, the twisted and deformed who in another
mum, but we will have to close some schools be-
lic), and that we throw everyone out who causes
society not so long ago would have been gassed to
fore September of 1991-this year. 1 am commit-
the slightest bit of trouble.
death.
ted to an outstanding network of schools, with a
The truth is that in our inner-city schools (ap-
school within a reasonable distance for every
proximately 140 of them), the student bodies are
With federal, state, county and city budgets cut
youngster who really wants to get there.
85 percent minority: black, Hispanic, Asian or
by billions of dollars, the Church has to take care
I can no longer keep two schools open which are
Oriental. In many inner-city schools, at least 50
of even more of the poor, the hungry, the home-
only a short distance from each other if neither
percent are not Catholic. In one Catholic school
less, the helpless. Where is all the money SO many
has enough students, or one has a building falling
you may have read about in The New York
people believe we have? Where are we going to
down. We must make changes in such cases. In
Times, 95 percent of the youngsters are Chinese,
get what is needed?
some instances, one school can better take care of
almost 80 percent Buddhist. In upper counties the
You who believe the Church has an immense
pre-school youngsters, while other schools are
figures vary, but we have a mix of color, ethnic
amount of money, please-please-show me
better suited to handle upper grades.
backgrounds and religion.
where it is. Tell me which buildings we should
But something must give this year, that is, by
In the inner-city schools at least half of the
sell, which hospitals or daycare centers or homes
September of 1991. No decisions will be made ar-
youngsters are from families living at below pov-
for the retarded we should close down. You decide
bitrarily or callously. I am keenly aware of the
erty level, with a significant number from one-
which children don't deserve. a Catholic educa-
need to place faithful, loyal teachers in schools as
parent families.
tion.
close as possible to the schools in which they al-
Yet some 85 percent or more of our graduates
Those who live in the worst drug-infested neigh-
ready teach.
go on to college. Fewer than 1 percent drop out of
borhoods? Those who are surrounded by daily
I will continue efforts to raise monies, as will
our schools, and we throw out even fewer than
murders as a way of life? Shall we close schools in
our pastors and others. I will continue to ask busi-
that, and then only after consultation with par-
Harlem or in the South Bronx? In Newburgh or in
ness people and others to pick up tuition costs for
ents, pastors, teachers, principals, district super-
Yonkers? Shall we close schools where there are
individual students. Some tuition charges will
intendents and others. To be thrown out of one of
no others for miles and miles? Should we tell one
have to be increased, but I'm well aware that if
our Catholic schools is not easy!
of two or three families living together in a tiny
we increase them too much, we will drive away
One of the biggest myths is that tuition paid by
apartment not large enough for one family:
the poor. I hope I will be able to get everyone to
parents covers the cost to the school or the parish.
You're too poor to send your kids to our schools?
understand that tuition pays only a portion of the
Tuition pays only a portion of the cost. Average
Shall we tell working mothers they can't rely on
real cost of teaching each student.
tuition in Catholic elementary school is $962. The
our schools to take their youngsters during the
Very soon the schools that will close will be in-
actual cost is $1,768. Average tuition in Catholic
day?
formed. They will be as few as possible this year.
high school is $2,289. The actual cost is $3,352. Tu-
You may know that there are 312 Catholic elemen-
ition in some elementary and high schools Is a lot
tary and secondary schools in the archdiocese.
lower, in some it's a bit higher.
W
e are engaged at this moment in the third
The status of any school under the direction of the
How do we make up the difference? In some
intensive study of our schools since I have
archdiocese will be changed only with my per-
cases, the people of the parish pay the difference,
been Archbishop of New York, slightly less than
sonal study and permission, and until I have as-
whether they have youngsters in school or not. In
seven years. Despite the finding of study after
sured myself that pastors and representatives of
a great many cases, the Archdiocese of New York
study, telling us we must close a large number of
parents, teachers, principals, supervisors and
raises the money to pay the difference. We don't
schools, and should have closed them years ago, I
others have been consulted. So whoever is looking
raise nearly enough. That's what's killing us, and
have refused to take such action. Some of my
for someone to blame can blame me. I have per-
putting our schools in grave jeopardy-that and
most responsible and efficient advisers have been
sonally examined all reports and all recommen-
the ever increasing cost of personnel and taking
angry at me. They tell me we have no choice.
dations on every school, and have prayed might-
care of buildings. If we are going to teach justice,
Some make clear they think I am bankrupting the
ily for guidance in each case. Every change can
we have to pay just wages.
archdiocese. They are sincere and responsible
be a painful one. No matter how many schools
Last year the Archdiocese of New York made
people.
may be closed, one is many to the individuals in-
up a more than $20 million deficit between tuition
But I believe desperately in our Catholic
volved.
and parish payments, other school income and the
schools. I have fought to keep every single one of
Next year will be a different story. I can't guar-
actual costs of keeping youngsters in school. For
them open. I have literally begged people for
antee what we can do. The problems won't have
this coming year we don't have that money to
money. Day after day, night after night I meet
ended. Nevertheless, I am foolish enough to hope
give.
with business people, with wealthy contributors,
we can raise the money.
That takes us to the myth about the wealth of
with practically anyone who will meet with me
I suspect that a lot of "little people" would be
the Archdiocese of New York. That really is a
with money or ideas to save our schools. Many
willing to support a youngster through school, if
myth. Why can people see so easily that the fed-
people in the business community have been very
we made arrangements. I suspect a lot more busi-
eral government is running at an enormous defi-
generous, with their time and their money. Many
ness people will be willing to help once they real-
cit, as is the State of New York and the City of
others have not been able to help or have refused
ize the need and appreciate what our schools do
New York, but insist that the Church has untold
to do SO.
for them. We're trying to raise $100 million
wealth? One reason is that they see a lot of build-
It is SO ironic. Some of the major research orga-
largely from the business community. Our pas-
ings owned by the Church, SO they ask why we
nizations in the United States have studied our
tors are busily engaged in parish campaigns that
don't sell them.
Catholic schools and have marveled at our
will help a great deal.
Did you ever try to sell a school that needs capi-
achievements. Every once In a while a newspaper
When Archbishop John Hughes built St.
tal repairs to the tune of $800,000? How about a
or magazine reports on our schools and heaps
Patrick's Cathedral against great odds, a lot of
church with the walls caving in? More important-
praise on them. We save city, counties and state
people thought he was out of his mind. They called
ly, what do you do if you sell them? Where do you
hundreds of millions of dollars in building and
the cathedral "Hughes' Folly." Well, maybe I'm
hold school-on a vacant lot? But the people who
teacher costs every year, to say nothing of the
out of my mind, but I am fiercely committed to
bought the building either want to use it for some-
long-term monies we save such governments be-
saving our schools. Some may call that
thing else or tear it down and build something
cause so few of our youngsters drop out, and so
"O'Connor's Folly." That's all right. I'm willing
else. Pretty soon you have no buildings left and
many are ready to enter the work force as con-
to be called a fool, if It makes it possible for a lot
tributing, reliable citizens immediately after
of kids to be wise.
nowhere to go.
Catholic New York
Augus
1990
From My Viewpoint
'At Issue Are Hundreds of Helpless'
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
0
n March 2 of this year, while disagreeing with
ingness to see AIDS transmitted, and therefore of
killing people. A year or so later, city health care
with AIDS on the grounds of how it has been ac-
our position on AIDS prevention, The New
authorities withdrew the clean needle program on
quired, or the nature of a person's sexual orienta-
York Times nonetheless observed: it would be
unreasonable to expect the Church to teach other-
grounds that it didn't work!
tion. I invite-no, I urge,-public health authori-
wise in its own institutions and programs." On
Many medical doctors and other health care
ties to examine every one of our Catholic hospi-
workers recommend the use of condoms to pre-
tals that care for persons with AIDS. They will
July 27, the Times made a similar observation.
Addressing the conflict surrounding our refusal to
vent transmitting AIDS. A number of medical
find persons with AIDS from all ethnic and racial
put into practice certain state requirements op-
doctors and health care workers do not trust con-
groups, of all religious backgrounds, who have
Barlond
posed to our "institutional conscience" in caring
doms to prevent transmitting AIDS. Are the
acquired AIDS in different ways. They will find
all of these receiving quality care, and more, be-
for persons with AIDS, the Times editorialized:
former "good" people and the latter "evil"? We
"If the archdiocese's position is regrettable, it is
recommend abstinence and nonuse of drugs to
ing treated with dignity and respect. What do
nonetheless unreasonable to expect the Church to
prevent transmitting AIDS. Does that make us
those who call us killers have to say of the count-
teach otherwise in its own institutions and
"killers"? Our country has never before known
less numbers of doctors, nurses, assistants, vol-
the number of condoms in existence today, or the
unteers who work day and night to care for the
programs."
amount of instruction in their use to prevent teen-
fever-wracked, the emaciated, the convulsive,
I don't agree, of course, that our position is re-
age pregnancy. Our country has never before
the blind, the dying? I have seen them at work,
grettable, but sincerely appreciate the Times' ob-
jectivity and understanding. Further, I appreci-
known the staggering number of teenage preg-
lovingly, tirelessly, or rather, exhausted but still
nancies. So much for quick fixes.
going. I saw them in the earliest days of the AIDS
ate its recognition of the issue: homes for
epidemic, washing sores and emptying bedpans
"hundreds of the helpless."
That is, indeed, the issue and not what some
Y
and administering medicines and nourishment,
et on the very day I am writing this column a
when much of the world was in panic over AIDS,
have reported it to be: a game, with each party
newspaper editorial notes with apparent
and terrified to go near a person who might have
waiting for the other to flinch, and back down.
scorn and disbelief that I "once told health care
AIDS.
Such observers can not seem to understand the
workers that abstinence is the only effective AIDS
The Church was the first to urge that prisoners
Church except in terms of a political cliché, the
prevention method." The thrust of the editorial is
with AIDS be released into our care, rather than
"powerhouse," an ecclesiastical Tammany Hall.
that the Church has cornered the state into per-
locked away to die untended and uncared for. The
They have utterly no understanding of an institu-
mitting us to run nursing homes for AIDS pa-
Church was the first to establish a dental clinic
tion that takes seriously the question: "What does
tients. What in the world do such commentators
for persons with AIDS. The Church cares, there-
it profit a man if he gain the whole world and suf-
think we are up to: providing beds as a business?
fore acts.
fer the loss of his own soul?"
Have they any notion that we offer a service for
People are dying. We do not believe they are
the sick and the dying?
The suffering of persons with AIDS is no game.
dying for lack of condoms. We will continue to do
Their deaths no power struggle. Hating and cari-
I have argued before and I argue again: when a
everything we can to take care of persons with
society tries to treat such massive disasters as
caturing the Church alleviates no suffering, saves
AIDS, and try to help to prevent the transmission
no lives. The Church is trying to do precisely that:
drug abuse and AIDS with quick fixes, it is ignor-
of AIDS. The state has determined that we qualify
ing causes and relieving itself of trying to achieve
alleviate suffering and save lives. Yet, some even
to do so. If the city chooses to deny us the right to
cures.
accuse us of "killing" people because we disagree
add critically needed nursing beds for persons
The other day I read a newspaper article which
with the "condom" approach to caring for per-
with AIDS, that is completely up to the city. State
quoted a line from an address I gave at the Inter-
sons with AIDS.
and city officials have the responsibility to do
national AIDS Conference in the Vatican:
When the great myth of the "clean needle" was
what they think best for the community. I have
"Morality is good medicine." I have seen that
touted by city health care authorities in New York
my responsibility. Integrity is not for sale, neither
principle denounced and ridiculed and used as a
theirs nor mine, nor does it yield to threats.
as the way to prevent transmitting AIDS by intra-
justification for violent and vitriolic protests. I
Both The New York Times and Dr. David Axel-
venous drug use, we refused to be duped by it, and
have not seen the principle refuted.
rod got it right: at issue are hundreds of helpless.
argued not only that it was wrong, but that it sim-
Nor have I seen a shred of proof that Church
There is only one way the Church can help: by
ply wouldn't work. We were then accused of will-
health care facilities discriminate against persons
sticking to what it believes to be the right way.
From My Viewpoint
I Need Help and I Need It Now
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
I
didn't sleep last night, again. I couldn't.
assist parishes to pay bills they can not meet on
provide scholarships, some adopt entire schools,
Christmas is upon us, and as for so many fa-
their own.
some repair buildings in critical need. I am tre-
thers and mothers in this crushing economy, the
So we turn to industry. Day after day we re-
mendously grateful to such committed individu-
cupboard is bare; and though I don't live in a
mind big businesses in New York that we provide
als, but there are only a fraction of them in com-
shoe, I have thousands of times more children to
them top grade graduates, that 90 percent of our
parison with the need.
worry about than Old Mother Hubbard ever
Catholic high school graduates go to college, that
Some people assume that tuition paid by par-
dreamed of-the children of every religion, color
those who don't are ready to pass stiff tests for
ents meets expenses. In truth, tuition meets be-
and nationality in our Catholic schools. I desper-
industry jobs. We remind them that all our Catho-
tween one-third and one-half of the costs, at most.
ately want to give every one of them and every
lic schools include non-Catholic students; in
The bulk of the money has to come from other
one of their parents a beautiful Christmas
some, 80 percent may be non-Catholic (three of
sources.
present: the promise that our Catholic schools
our Catholic schools, for example, have heavy
will always be there, for them and for their chil-
That's why I beg, every day. That's why I go
populations of Buddhists). Eighty-five percent of
sleepless night after night.
dren and their children's children, generation af-
youngsters in our inner-city schools are black or
What will be the next step after I finish all the
ter generation.
Hispanic. Fewer than one percent of our students
reviews of the 41 schools "at risk"? In every in-
So I sleep little and I worry a lot, night after
drop out of school.
stance where there is danger of closing a school, I
night. Tossing and turning doesn't help. Time af-
There's a myth, perpetrated by some anti-
will personally meet with representative parents
ter time, I turn the light on again, and review
Catholic school educators, that our schools are so
and teachers, the principal, the local superinten-
staggering rows of depressing numbers, each pre-
successful because we throw kids out for the
dent, the pastor, the Finance Council and Parish
ceded by both a dollar sign and a minus sign. The
slightest reason. It is, in fact, very difficult to be
Council representatives and others. I will go over
deficits refuse to disappear.
thrown out of a Catholic school. You really have
with them every conceivable way of trying to
Every day I beg. I meet with the wealthy and
to work at it. No teacher can throw a student out,
save the school if it should be and can be saved.
the not-so-wealthy, Jew, Protestant, Catholic,
nor can a principal, without a hearing by the su-
The rest will be largely in their hands. I have
Muslim, and ask them to help save our schools.
perintendent of schools, who doesn't listen to ex-
done this before with other schools and we have
Many are wonderfully generous. Others are em-
pulsion talk very sympathetically.
been able to save many.
barrassed; they want to help, but are struggling
The schools are not mine. They belong to par-
themselves in these hard times.
Right now I am personally going over the data
S
ome critics say we take only the best kids. In a
ents, to children, to the Church, to all society. I
sense we do, in that we believe every kid is a
need the help of all society and I need it now! It is
on each of 41 schools, with the proverbial fine
"best" kid if you see in him or her the Image of
not enough to come up with the money to save a
tooth comb. Why these schools? My close consult-
God, and are willing to go all out to help that Im-
school only for this year or the year ahead. We
ants tell me they are "at risk." Most, if not all,
age shine through. In another sense, our young-
need long-term help for a long-term problem. It's
have raised tuition as high as they can, without
sters come from the same backgrounds as young-
that, or close our schools. I can not believe that
driving away those who can not afford another
sters in other schools-many from broken homes,
would be the right thing to do.
penny. Yet the overall deficit for the 41 schools is
from single parents, from families whose in-
Practically every one of you who reads Catholic
over four-and-a-half million dollars. I counted
comes are well below the poverty level. I have
New York is already stretched to the limit. Some
those dollars instead of sheep last night! And I
written before about one archdiocesan parish in
of you are in dread of losing your homes. Many of
added that four-and-a-half million to the four-
the immediate neighborhood of which 65 murders
you are out of work. Many of you have never had
and-a-half million dollar deficit our Catholic high
were committed in one year. The Catholic school
a lot of money in the best of times. Yet I must
schools are running. Where do I come up with
in that parish, to my knowledge, is drug free, and
appeal to you, not for big contributions, but for
money like that?
every year the youngsters score higher than the
the "widow's mite" that Our Lord praised so
It's more than a tuition problem. The archdio-
national average in basic academic subjects.
highly. Anything you can give; anything you can
cese supports a large number of our 413 parishes
That's not unusual for our Catholic schools-to
do to help save our schools, I will be deeply grate-
by as much as $20 million a year. Many of those
surpass national averages.
ful for.
parishes have to put a large percentage of that
That's what's SO frustrating. During the past
I want more than anything in the world to give
money into their schools. During the past few
year or so-finally-the story is breaking all over
to all New York the magnificent Christmas
years we have been investing some $50 million in
the United States that Catholic schools excel. Sci-
present of promising a long-range, healthy future
parish buildings to keep roofs from falling in and
entific studies are multiplying, all reporting the
for our Catholic schools. Without you, that prom-
boilers from blowing up. Millions of more dollars
same story of excellence and superiority. News-
ise would be a mockery.
have gone into asbestos removal, by government
papers such as The New York Times and the Wall
Can you give a year-round Christmas present to
order.
Street Journal have picked up the story and pub-
preserve our schools? A dollar? A hundred, a
Most importantly, from my viewpoint, we have
lished it. Magazines such U.S. News & World Re-
thousand dollars? Can you fund a youngster for a
been trying desperately to raise salaries and ben-
port and Forbes have done the same, as have
couple of thousand dollars a year? There might
efits for our teachers, who still deserve more than
many others, well known and lesser known. Yet
even.be a rare and generous soul who would make
we can pay and will be able to pay for another
at the very time that their worth is being widely
a gift of a hundred thousand dollars, or a million
several years. Some 86 percent of our parish ele-
publicized, our schools are in greatest jeopardy.
dollars or more! Can you send whatever you can
mentary school teachers and 76 percent of our
At a point in our national history when a solid edu-
send to Bishop Patrick Ahern, Office of Develop-
Catholic high school teachers are lay persons. A
cation is absolutely crucial, one of the best educa-
ment, 1011 First Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10022?
great many have families. I thank God for our lay
tional systems our country has ever known is be-
Every gift will be gratefully acknowledged. Ev-
teachers, as well as for our teaching sisters,
ing dismantled in diocese after diocese. Catholic
ery penny will go into our schools, and every
brothers and priests. One day I hope we will be
schools have closed in frightening numbers
penny will be accounted for.
able to pay every one of them what they deserve.
throughout the Church in the United States. It is
Maybe not. Maybe you don't have a penny left.
It is not that Catholics aren't being generous.
not simply the Church that will suffer the loss, or
God bless you, nonetheless. Send me your
Our Parish Campaign has brought in $111 million.
even Catholics alone. Our Catholic schools are a
prayers. A Hail Mary a day might keep more
That, my friends, is a lot of money, and most of it
national treasure, a treasure disappearing bit by
schools open than we know. And maybe you can
has been given or pledged at great sacrifice.
bit every day.
at least pray me to sleep!
Eighty to 90 percent of that money stays in the
I am trying desperately to save our Catholic
Have a wonderful, happy and holy Christmas,
parishes. Only 10 to 20 percent comes to the arch-
schools for New York-every one of them. A
with my deepest gratitude for all that you do and
diocese, which the archdiocese in turn uses to
great number of people are helping. Some
for all that you are.
/ want more than anything in the world to give to all New York
the magnificent Christmas present
of promising a long-range, healthy future for our Catholic schools.
Without you, that promise would be a mockery.
From My Viewpoint
Health Care Is in 'Imminent Peril'
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
uitr apart from being "my" physician. Kevin
M. Cabill. M.D., has an extraordinary record
of practicing medicine under some of the
most difficult circumstances imaginable in some
of the most demanding regions in the world; the
Sudan is but one example. Hence, when Dr. Cabill
uses the term "Imminent Peril," I listen careful-
ly, anticipating a gripping description of a whole
people in danger of perishing somewhere in the
"Third World." When he uses the term to describe
public health in New York. I listen with more than
care: I listen with a sense of urgency.
"Imminent Peril" is the title of a compilation of
lectures on public health in New York. lectures
delivered at a sympostum convened by the Board
of Health of the City of New York in late August of
1991. Dr. Cahill generated the symposium and ed.
ited the collection. Ilis introductory remarks are
chilling:
"The 'public' served by the public health SYS
tent is increasingly the disenfranchised. the unin
sured. the impoverished. the homeless, the aged.
the addicted. Failing their needs is more than
morally indefensible in our 'new world order: it
threatens the health of all. For as surely as an
untreated tuberculous lesion will cavitate the
lungs of a homeless vagrant. SO too will the deadly
mist of his infection disseminate through every
social and economic class, among innocent fellow
riders in the subway, or passengers in an elevator
and. inevitably. from child to child in the class
rooms of our city.
Public health programs are not political
vivileges to he pareeled out annually. They must
hr recognized as fundamental, non negotiable
prerogatives of every citizen. Such public ser
vices must be held immune from those who mea-
sure value merely with fiscal scales. There are
irreducible levels of health care and prevention
that are absolute requirements in the rare system
of government our Founding Fathers created."
THE F.LDERLY-"Most severely hit" by currently proposed cuts in state funding of
Gov. Mai io Cuomo was one of 12 who provided
public health "would be the olderly," Cardinal O'Connor writes. "If home health
papers for the symposium. The governor said
care is lost. a great number of them will have absolutely no care al all."
something with which I agree strongly:
as important as medicine and medical care
by more than 300 percent in the past few years.
elderly. Some 50,000 people currently get home
are to health status. they are not enough. There's
Dennis Rivera is the president of the Drug. Hos
health care vices. The average has a ker
"" equal need for " realignment of our priorities
pital and Health Care Employees Union in New
for 212 hours a month. About 6,000 are SO disabled
SO that the opportunities we Americans speak
York. We discuss health care frequently. A couple
and infirm that they are cared for 24 hours a day.
grandly of are in fact open to all: SO that more
of years ago, he brought to my attention the at
If these lolks were taken care of in hospitals or
people have access to them and a chance to lift
most unbelievable treatment of home health care
nursing homes. the costs would he beyond the as
themselves out of poverty- a chance to work: to
workers who were saving society a time and
tronomical. If home health care is lost, a great
educate themselves: to live in sale, decent hous
being paid a starvation wage, with no health-care
number of them will have absolutely no care at
ing: to provide themselves and their children ade
benefits for themselves. Government listened.
all. Add to the misery the increasing number of
quate, nutritious food." (Emphasis added.)
and some Improvements were made.
persons with TB and the suffering of those with
Mayor David Dinkins was another of the 12 pro-
On Dec. 23. Mr. Rivera wrote to give me his
AIDS.
viding papers that pointed up the peritous nature
assessment of what currently proposed cuts in
Mr. Rivera summarizes what he estimates to
of what is happening:
state funding of public health would do. Space
be the cumulative effect of severe reductions:
We face tremendous challenges in our public
limitations preclude my listing all the specifies,
"More and sicker people are Hocking to the
health system. The statistics are hourilying. In-
but there can be 110 question about the impact on
emergency rooms because they can't afford the
[ant mortality in New York City is one-third
hospitals and nursing homes. Hundreds of thou-
CO payment that would have been required before
higher than the national average and the rate
sands of doctor visits provided in clinics would
seeing a doctor or getting a prescription. Waiting
for African Americans is twice as high as that for
have to be eliminated. Outpatient services would
for days for a bed to open "P because the hospital
whites. ^ large percentage of pregnant women in
be sharply reduced. Trauma units in some cases
can't discharge its elderly patients because there
New York City receive prenatal care only fair in
would have to be closed altogether.
is no nursing home bed and no home care avail
pregnancy-if at all. Maternal drug use has isen
Most severely hit. however. would be the
able. An increase in TB and measles deaths. in
creased suffering by people with AIDS. less treat.
ment and more disease.
According to Mr. Rivera's letter. Medicaid this
Obviously there have to be limits to Medicaid
year costs about $12 billion. with half paying for
as to every other governmental program.
hospitals and clinics, about one-quarter for nurs-
ing homes. and 15 percent for home care. while
No government could fund everything.
the remainder goes to doctors, dentists and other
providers and to pay for drugs and supplies. It is
The question as I see it is: What should government fund?
estimated that next year's program will cost $16
billion. Medicaid is funded by federal. state and
This is not merely a fiscal question; it's a moral question.
local governments, with the state paying some 30
Catholic New York
January
2,
1992
5
percent, local government some 20 percent, and
the federal government 50 percent. Every dollar
reduction in state spending means a two- to three-
dollar loss in health-care spending. Yet the pro-
posed cuts in state funding of Medicaid amount to
approximately $1 billion.
W
hat is the answer? Many compassionate
people question both the social and fiscal
soundness of Medicaid. Some, as New York
Post's Ray Kerrison, blame New York's fiscal
crisis in large part on Medicaid, and note that
while New York has 7 percent of the nation's pop-
ulation, It consumes 20 percent of the nation's
Mayor David Dinkins
Gov. Mario Cuomo
Sen. Hubert Humphrey
Medicaid spending. Mr. Kerrison reports: "From
The statistics are
A need for a realignment
We have sick care,
1980 to 1990, the Medicaid bill jumped from $1.4
billion to $3.5 billion. Most states opèrate at half
horrifying.
of our priorities.
not health care.
New York's costs while delivering similar servic-
T
hus would many critics of Medicare argue:
desperate and must be met today. However cru-
es." (Dec. 27, 1991)
that costs are too high, waste too rampant,
cial It may be to effect a radical restructuring of
In his day, Sen. Hubert Humphrey faulted the
delivery systems too prodigal. They are not lack-
our entire approach to health care as quickly as
allocation of health-care funding, arguing that
ing In compassion, they are simply looking for a
possible, that cannot possibly happen quickly
enough to avert disaster for the unborn who need
"we have a system of sick care in this country,
better way. They ask whether continuing escala-
not health care." At that time some 96 percent of
tion of the cost of Medicaid can prevail without
prenatal care, the infants who need neonatal
federal health-care funding went into treatment;
completely destroying the economy, if not society
care, the children, the Irall elderly, the countless
less than 4 percent went toward preventing dis-
Itself. They question even more acutely the ex-
others in "imminent peril."
Let us set about immediately the task of hon-
ease or promoting health.
pansion or contraction of Medicaid spending for
estly defining and realizing our priorities and re-
In his introduction to "Imminent Peril," cited
purposes of political expediency.
above, Dr. Cahill speaks along similar lines:
I agree with many of the anxieties. Obviously
structuring our health-care systems as neces-
"If we cannot test, if we cannot treat, If we can-
there have to be limits to Medicaid as to every
sary, but being realistic about how long it will
take to do this equitably. In the meanwhile, nei-
not immunize, if we cannot educate, then we shall
governmental program. No government could
ther will critical Immediate needs be met while
fall victim to a calamity that will not only fill the
fund everything. The question as 1 see It is: What
the debate runs on, nor will long-term health-care
corridors of our hospitals but will soon cripple the
should government fund? That's not merely a fis-
needs be met by the outcome of such debates If
economic engine, and drive away those preclous
cal question; it's a moral question. What are our
such outcomes are purely political or Ideological.
human resources that give life to cities such as
real priorities? What do we consider absolutely
Politics may well be the art of compromise, but
New York. Time is not on the side of those who
basic to our society and to every individual within
not every compromise is morally right and good.
believe we can continue to replace reality with
that society? What do we really believe about the
Compromise can save a lot of lives. Compromise
rhetoric."
human person? Are we willing as a people to in-
can send a lot of people to their deaths.
In "Governing America," Joseph A. Califano
sist that rights must be balanced against
A realignment of our "priorities" can't wait.
Jr. writes that when he became Secretary of
responsibilities?
Everyone is not entitled to everything, but every-
Health, Education, and Welfare, he hoped to start
In my judgment, these are but a few of the ques-
one is entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of
a "second health revolution in America." The
tions that must be faced with moral courage by
happiness. We fought a war over that belief a long
first was the struggle against Infectious diseases,
all who govern and all who are governed. Until
time ago.
won not with cures, but with sanitation programs,
such questions are taken seriously, budget after
Since I write this during the Christmas season,
pasteurization of milk, mass immunization, and
budget will be hostage to an inordinate number of
it seems fitting to conclude with yet another ex-
similar efforts. Results were spectacular. Today,
demands that can be met only at the expense of
cerpt from Dr. Cahill's Introduction:
victory against such leading killers as heart dis-
fundamental human needs, human worth and hu-
"The hour for the rebirth of a caring and com-
ease, stroke and cancer also "lles more securely
man dignity.
passionate country is here, for renewing old prior-
in prevention than in cure," and is "the less costly
But while all the questions are being raised and
ities that may still allow that rough beast of
way to mount a second revolution in public
the Ideologies debated, hundred of thousands of
hope-urban societies with all their failings-to
health." But any "major health promotion
human persons are at grave risk. They need help
continue, as an Irish poet would have It; slouching
effort," writes Mr. Califano, "involves scientific
critically now. For many of the needs are
toward Bethlehem to be born to a better life."
and economic ingredients, financial incentives,
Reprinted With Permission, Catholic New York, fan. 2. 1992
and individual self-discipline." He goes on:
"We must, as a matter of social justice, provide
health care to the millions of poor and unpro-
tected Americans, particularly children and mi-
norities. There are significant improvements to
be made by federalizing Medicaid into a single
program, opening up Medicare and Medicaid to
more competition, putting a lid on hospital costs,
encouraging more efficient delivery of health-
care services through health-maintenance orga-
nizations and nurse practitioners, and inoving the
focus of our system from acute care to health pro-
motion and disease prevention."
"But beyond that, we may be better off as a
nation giving an awakened and aroused private
sector a chance to function for the next several
years, perhaps under a broad mandate that em-
ployers provide a minimum level of health bene-
fits for their employees. For every free industrial
nation-Canada, England, Germany, and even
socialist Sweden-has much the same problems
that plague our current system. Their national
health plans provide easy access to health care-
an important objective-but their health-care
systems are just as expensive and profligate, and
the ethical questions those systems face are no
less vexing. Until we can deal with these prob-
lems, we should stop worshiping at the altar of an
instant universal, mandatory, comprehensive na-
tional health plan and move Instead in discrete
increments to serve our most pressing health-
care needs; reform our relmbursement and deliv-
CNY/Chris Sheridan
cry systems, and curb waste, inefficiency, and es-
EMERGENCY ROOM at St. Vincent's Hospital in Manhattan. More and sicker
calating costs. In the process, we can learn liow
people are llocking to the emergency rooms because they can't afford the co-
better to resolve the moral and ethical Issues that
payment that would have been required before seeing a doctor," Dennis Rivera
agovernment providing health care inust face.
wrote:
Calnolic
December
199
From My Viewpoint
'Beyond the Extra Mile'
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
S
ometimes I'm not sure whether New York
that the ACLU will not be satisfied unless it suc-
entrusted to feed, house, clothe, care for, worry
Newsday is editorially anti-Catholic, or
ceeds in driving the Catholic Church out of child
about, love children on behalf of the city. Why are
whether its editors simply don't do their home-
care. If it loses on one issue, it will go after us on
we entrusted with the lives of children at all, if we
work on matters relating to the Church. In either
another. Our financial expenditures have been
can't be trusted to keep our word that we do teach
event, the editorial "Can They Find A Just Solu-
staggering. We could have given up long ago, but
about abortion and birth control? The law re-
tion" was a doozy! (Friday, Nov. 29, 1991.)
we believe in our ability to provide high-quality
quires that our agencies be open at all times to
The editorial informs the world that "Cardinal
child care, and have wanted to continue providing
city officials to visit in order to determine how
John O'Connor is playing a dangerous game of
it.
well we are taking care of children. We Invite and
chicken when he says he'll resist efforts to give
I don't know whether the American Civil Liber-
encourage such visits.
information on birth control to teenagers in foster
ties Union had the grace to be embarrassed, but
Why could the city not do any Instructing it
care agencies affiliated with the Archdiocese of
all pretense of racial discrimination proved ab-
wants to do before remitting children to our care?
New York." The writer goes on: "Such a move by
surd when a head count consistently revealed a
Why will the city not settle for sending letters to
the cardinal might force city officials to call his
very high percentage of black and non-Catholic
children in our care inviting them to visit the
bluff and cut off Catholic funds...'
children in our Catholic child-care agencies. I do
city's "Options Centers"? (An "Options Center"
That's only the opening paragraph, but there
not recall an apology from the ACLU. On the con-
is obviously an optional place to visit.) Because
are a host of things wrong with it.
trary, as memory serves me, it was only after its
the children can't read? Nonsense.
First, to suggest that I am playing a game of
racial discrimination suit fell apart, that it turned
Before the editorial concludes, it piously hopes
any sort with the lives of thousands of young peo-
its big guns on alleged denial of information on a
that before the "December 17 court deadline for
ple or trying to bluff city officials is worse than
"full range of family planning" to youngsters in
resolving this dispute," the Commissioner of the
insulting-It suggests gross and inexcusable igno-
our care.
Child Welfare Agency and I will manage to settle
rance of the facts. What Newsday is re-
things amicably. It also urges the
ferring to, although its failure to say SO
commissioner not to "cave in." 1, too,
makes one wonder if it knows. is the
We are providing a vital service
would hope the commissioner will not
Wilder case. The Wilder case began
cave in-to the ACLU. The city's bat-
more than 18 years ago, when I was still
to the City of New York,
tle is not and never has been with the
in Navy uniform and Cardinal Cooke,
Church, but with the ACLU.
never in his life known as either a
and doing so happily and with integrity.
If there is a danger of "cave-in,"
player of games or a bluffer, was Arch-
however, It is I (and, I suspect, Bishop
bishop of New York. Bishop Mugavero
If the city no longer needs or wishes to use
Daily of Brooklyn) who may cave-in,
was Bishop of Brooklyn.
but in a totally different sense. One
What Is-has been-the Wilder case?
our services-no hard feelings.
simply gets fed up. More, one has to
I will Inadequately condense 18 years.
ask how many more hours, weeks,
Shirley Wilder was approximately 14
years of time and energy can we
years old. In June of 1973, the Civil Liberties
This brings me to another blooper in the
spend in trying to accommodate ACLU demands?
Union brought a class action suit, on her behalf
Newsday editorial: that I say I will "resist efforts
How much more money can we throw away-
and that of other children, against the City and
to give information on birth control to teenagers."
money that could go to child care? What will be
State of New York on grounds of racial discrimi-
Again, the ignorance. The reality is that our child-
the next ACLU gambit? For a time they were vig-
nation. Allegedly, black Protestant children were
care agencies themselves provide full informa-
orously protesting religious symbols in our Catho-
being discriminated against because they were
tion on the "full range of family planning," In-
lic child-care agencies. If it won't be that, it will
not being placed in the Catholic child-care sys-
cluding birth control and abortion. I will put our
be something else. Are we Catholic or are we not?
tem, conceding the high quality of care provided
program of education in sexuality against any
If we have provided the highest quality-indeed,
by the Catholic system. In question was the con-
program the city or the ACLU can offer. What the
sought after-child care for more than a century,
stitutionality of New York State law and practice
editorialist apparently means is that we teach
in large measure because we are value oriented,
of placing children, when practicable, in institu-
about birth control and abortion within a context
why fault us now for being value oriented?
tions or agencies of the same religious faith of the
of values. That's what sticks in people's throats.
Which really introduces the crucial question:
child in accord with the wishes of the parents.
We refuse to be antiseptic or naive in our teach-
Should Catholic child-care agencies stop being
In 1974 a Federal Court ruled in favor of New
ing. We believe that we have both the right and
Catholic in order to continue caring for children?
York State constitutional and statutory provisions
the responsibility to go beyond techniques to the
In my judgment, and in Bishop Daily's, I am cer-
but left open the question whether these provi-
public morality of techniques and of motives. We
tain, that would be a contradiction in terms.
sions, as implemented, violated the federal consti-
are quite as prepared as anyone to describe the
We are providing a vital service to the City of
tutional rights of the children. Then began several
physical activity of birth control pills and devices.
New York, and doing so happily and with Integri-
years of legal discovery involving motions and
We are also prepared and determined to teach the
ty. If the city no longer needs or wishes to use our
depositions. People like our own top child care ex-
moral dimensions of the use of such.
services-no hard feelings. We have an almost in-
pert, Sister Una McCormack, O.P., were exten-
finite number of demands on our limited resourc-
sively Interrogated. In 1978 the ACLU filed a new
es. Nor are we dazzled by the millions of dollars
complaint and by 1983 this new complaint had
I
invite Newsday both to examine the curricu-
the city pays us. Child care still costs us money.
been amended, I believe, four times. Shortly be-
lum that was so carefully developed in good
We are not in it as a business, but as a service and
fore going to trial, the ACLU and the city entered
faith to assure our consonance with the Court's
a work of love.
into settlement discussions leading to a settle-
decree. My understanding is that the ACLU rep-
After seven and a half years of an enormous
ment agreement approved in final form by the
resentative alleges that anything produced under
amount of effort to achieve an amicable arrange-
court in 1987. The settlement was between the
Catholic auspices is automatically unsatis-
ment without compromising principle, I am sub-
ACLU and the City of New York. The stipulation
factory.
stantially less than amused by an editor who
required the city, among other things, to "ensure
Furthermore, in my judgment, birth control is
speaks of playing chicken and bluffing. I don't
that all children have meaningful access to the
not the issue; abortion is. We categorically refuse
own a leather jacket, with or without steel studs,
full range of family planning information, ser-
to refer children to any agency that may encour-
and my only gold chain carries my episcopal
vices and counseling to be provided either by the
age them to undergo abortion. To teach about
cross. I am ill-suited to playing chicken or any
agency or by a suitable outside source or both." In
abortion is one thing; to encourage abortion is an-
other game with human lives.
my judgment, the primary thrust of the ACLU's
other. But since the Newsday editorial fails to use
No, Mr. Newsday Editor, I am not bluffing, nor
present pressure on the city and, in turn, on our
the term abortion even once, while it uses the
is Bishop Daily. We have hung on, he for the year
agencies is to ensure that the maximum number
term birth control by my count six times, either
he has been Bishop of Brooklyn, I for my seven
of children in Catholic child-care agencies be pro-
the editorialist doesn't know that abortion is the
and a half years as Archbishop of New York,
vided with abortion counseling. abortion services
issue, or considers abortion just another form of
against inordinate challenges, demands and ha-
and condoms.
birth control. The difference, of course, is fatal.
rassment. We have walked far beyond the extra
I apologize if this thumbnail sketch does a dis-
When most people speak of birth control they
mile. Our feet are worn out. Pray not that we will
service to either the city or the ACLU. I have at-
mean preventing conception. Abortion, of course,
stop "bluffing"; pray, rather, If you care about
tempted to synthesize the complexities of 18 years
destroys a life already conceived.
both children and principle, that we won't give up
of legal and judicial processes in a few para-
The editorial proceeds. I will not. As the King of
in exasperation and discouragement.
graphs. and as I understand them.
Siam put it: "It's a puzzlement." For more than a
No one is "playing chicken," Mr. Editor, but
What I deduce from a study of these years is
century Catholic child-care agencies have been
someone is throwing some pretty rotten eggs.
Catholic New York
March 21, 1991
From My Viewpoint
The World Will Hate You'
By CARDINAL JOHN J. O'CONNOR
L
ife is never easy; in Lent it often gets even
charge levied against Jesus standing before Pi-
harder. This Lent "Catholic bashing" has re-
late: "He stirs up the people.
ally been the in thing. That gives me a degree of
Expect that, each of you who would be called
comfort. It suggests we must be doing some
"Christian." Expect it when you object to your
things right. Our Lord made it very clear:
school boards about the imposition of the world's
Because you are not of the world, but I have
values on children. Expect it when you object to
taken you out of the world, the world will hate
your television stations about imposing the
you
as it hated Me before you."
world's values about marriage and family life
The Roman historian, Tacitus, lived through the
and when you object to theater owners who show
early days of Christianity (56 A.D.-117 A.D.) He
the movies they show, and to producers who pro-
saw Christians come to Rome and Rome worried
duce them.
by their presence. They were countercultural, like
Expect it when columnists and editors who are
the Church today. Tacitus wrote a book called
censored for ethnic slurs or attacks on virtually
The Annals of Imperial Rome," in which he de-
any other people can romp all over the place ai
scribed the burning of Rome during the reign of
the expense of Catholics who dare to publicly up-
Nero, who ruled from 54-68 A.D.. Here's Tacitus:
hold their faith, without a murmur from publish-
neither human resources, nor imperial mu-
ers or owners.
nificence, nor appeasement of the gods, elimi-
nated sinister suspicions that the fire had been in-
Expect to stand before the Pilates of the world
stigated. To suppress this rumor, Nero fabricated
'FOLLOW ME'-Bas relief of Good Fri-
each day of your life, my Christian brothers and
scapegoats-and punished with every refinement
day event suggests Christ's words
sisters or any other good and decent people o
the notoriously depraved Christians (as they were
quoted by Cardinal O'Connor, "If you
other religious persuasions, and have the world
popularly called). Their originator, Christ, had
would follow Me, take up your Cross."
wash its hands of you before it sentences you to
been executed in Tiberius' reign by the governor
death.
of Judea, Pontius Pilate. But in spite of this tem-
and convenient practice. Neither the Church at
If you're going to be a real Catholic, expect to be
porary setback the deadly superstition had bro-
large nor individual Christians should be the
treated like one and be glad, even if it doesn'
ken out afresh, not only in Judea (where the mis-
slightest bit surprised to hear from those who
make you feel good. Neither Christ nor the Church
chief started) but even in Rome. All degraded and
speak for this world's values that we are the ones
ever said that "feeling good" is the purpose of life
shameful practices collect and flourish in the
who create problems, "stir up the people," im-
"If you would follow Me, take up your Cross." No
capital."
pose our values on others whenever we proclaim,
in all of history has Easter Sunday come befor
Blaming the victim is an ancient, dishonorable
"This is what we believe." Do you remember the
Good Friday.
of George Bush, 1992
Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11
823
ate Returning
or public subsidies, or fails to eliminate spe-
80 percent of the spending limit, the partici-
e Congressional
cial interest PACs.
pating candidate may spend without limit
Limit and
Further, as I have previously stated, I am
and receive unlimited Federal matching
of 1992
opposed to different rules for the House and
funds. The subsidies provided for in S. 3
Senate on matters of ethics and election re-
could amount to well over 100 million dollars
form. In several key respects, S. 3 contains
every election cycle, yet the Act is silent on
ed States:
separate rules for House and Senate can-
how these generous Government subsidies
with without my ap-
didates, with no apparent justification other
would be financed. It seems inevitable that
(ressional Campaign
than political expediency.
they would be paid for by the American tax-
ction Reform Act of
S. 3 no longer contains the provision that
payer. I understand why Members of Con-
baign finance system
the Senate passed last year abolishing all.
gress would be reluctant to ask taxpayers di-
3 years I have called
PACs. Although that provision was overbroad'
rectly to subsidize their reelection cam-
rhaul our campaign
in banning issue-oriented PACs unconnected
paigns, but given the significant costs of S.
to reduce the influ-
to special interests, S. 3 would not eliminate
3, its failure to address the funding question
to restore the influ-
any PACs. Instead, the Act provides only a
is irresponsible.
political parties, and
reduced limit on individual PAC con-
Our Nation needs campaign finance laws
Ivantages of incum-
tributions to Senate candidates and no
that place the interests of individual citizens
accomplish any of
change in the status quo in the House. More-
and political parties above special interests,
tion to perpetuating
over, the limit on aggregate PAC con-
and that provide a level playing field between
of special interests
tributions to House candidates to one-third
challengers and incumbents. What we do not
veen challengers and
of the spending limit, $200,000, is not likely
need is a taxpayer-financed incumbent pro-
limit political speech
to diminish the heavy reliance of Members
tection plan. For these reasons, I am vetoing
nendment and inevi-
on PAC contributions. The average amount
S.3.
the Treasury to pay
a Member of Congress raised from PACs in
George Bush
heme of public sub-
the last election cycle was $209,000.
The spending limits for both House and
The White House,
comprehensive cam-
Senate candidates will most likely hurt chal-
May 9, 1992.
egislation to reduce
lengers more than incumbents, especially be-
J interests and the
cause S. 3 does little to reduce the advantages
My proposal would
of incumbency. Inexplicably, there is no par-
committees (PACs)
allel House provision to the sensible Senate
Remarks on Maternal and Infant
ns, unions, and trade
provision restricting the use of the frank in
Health Care
rotect statutorily the
an election year. In the last election cycle,
May 11, 1992
ican workers, imple-
the amount incumbent House Members
Court's decision in
spent on franked mail was three times the
Thank you, Lou, thank you, Secretary Sul-
rs V. Beck. It would
total amount spent by all House challengers.
livan, and welcome, everyone. Let me just
S. It would virtually
The system of public benefits, designed to
pay a special thanks to Senator Dale Bump-
bundling. It would
induce candidates to agree to abide by the
ers and to Congressman Tom Bliley, who
are of all soft money
spending limits, is unlikely in many cases to
have been spearheading many of our prenatal
1 parties and by cor-
overcome the inherent favors of incumbency.
and immunization initiatives on Capitol Hill.
it would restrict the
S. 3 contains several unconstitutional pro-
They are true leaders for this cause, and
ng privileges enjoyed
visions, although none more serious than the
we're delighted to see you all here today.
prevent incumbents
aggregate spending limits. In Buckley V.
Also to Jim Mason, our Assistant Secretary
war chests from ex-
Valeo, the Supreme Court ruled that to be
for Health; Bill Roper from Atlanta, doing
n previous elections.
constitutional, spending limits must be vol-
a superb job as our Director at CDC. And
it reforms, and I am
untary. There is nothing "voluntary" about
a warm welcome to representatives of the
ludes a few of them,
the spending limits in this Act. The penalties
Advertising Council and to all the very spe-
ices. If the Congress
in S.3 for candidates who choose not to abide
cial mothers and children who are with us
'g campaign finance
by the spending limits or to accept Treasury
today.
egislation along the
funds are punitive-unlike the Presidential
Yesterday, on Mother's Day, millions of
9, and I will sign it
campaign system-as well as costly to the tax-
Americans took time to appreciate the mir-
cannot accept legis-
payer. For example, if a nonparticipating
acle of motherhood. We thank the mothers
tains spending limits
House candidate spends just one dollar over
who brought us into this world, who taught
824
May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992
S
us our first lessons about life and love and
tration's budget for immunization continues
character. Today, we're taking some vital
to respond to the need. For fiscal '93, we're
steps to help American mothers, their chil-
seeking an increase to $349 million. We're
dren, and their families. We're announcing
also announcing new standards for pediatric
improved standards and a new action plan
immunization, the work of an expert panel
C
for immunization. We're beginning a public
representing many private and public sector
P
service ad campaign to promote an innova-
organizations. They're going to help clinics
tive prenatal care program called Healthy
improve their method to provide vaccination
Start, the program Dr. Sullivan referred to.
to kids who need them the most.
Every year in America thousands of babies
I salute the leaders again of the Advertis-
are delivered at dangerously low birth
ing Council for all the volunteer time and
weights, and too many of these babies die
talent that you have organized for the cause
or suffer chronic illness as a result. Thou-
of infant mortality. I know that public service
sands of our young children suffer crippling
ad campaigns such as this work. Think of the
effects each year from measles and other
success of other Ad Council campaigns for
communicable childhood diseases, and some
kicking the smoking habit, for seatbelt use,
even die. But the saddest fact of all is this:
for screening for cancer. All such efforts help
Most of this death and disease is easily pre-
people show greater responsibility in their
ventable through immunization and through
own behavior.
better prenatal care. To the extent they are
Now, I've often thought that the same sort
preventable, they too often reflect bad health
of diligent use of marketing science and com-
choices stemming from ignorance of good
munications talents could help motivate
health behavior or absence of a defined sense
Americans to address other problems involv-
of personal responsibility by the parents.
ing personal responsibility, for instance, in
All of our maternal and child health pro-
keeping families together, encouraging re-
grams are being improved, integrated, and
sponsible sexual behavior, and other matters
developed to promote the principles of inno-
of personal and family well-being. So I'm
vation, of community involvement, and per-
confident that the Ad Council's new cam-
sonal responsibility. We are using new and
paign will have strong and positive results.
creative approaches to bringing high-risk
The Council's messages will emphasize
women into care. To attack this problem we
that the health of pregnant women and their
are mobilizing the Nation's best ideas and
unborn babies is a matter of concern to every
resources. The hallmarks of our plan can be
member of a civilized society. When an ex-
summed up in two words: immunization and
pectant mother is financially needy or with-
action.
out a husband or a family to support her,
Last June I stood here in the Rose Garden
it is all the more urgent for good neighbors
with the Secretary to call for a stronger im-
to show that they care. The Ad Council's first
munization effort. We sent out teams to six
message, therefore, targets the general pub-
areas of our country to determine how we
lic. It calls on all of us for action. The theme
could do it better. We learned lessons that
that you'll soon be hearing on television is
we're now applying nationwide. I was pleased
this: We must not accept high rates of infant
to be a part of the visit to San Diego in Feb-
deaths because this is America.
ruary and happy that representatives of all
The second announcement will impress
six communities that we looked at are here
upon men the importance of their role.
with us today.
Whether a man is an unborn child's father
Today we're announcing a new action plan
or another family member or friend, there
to get our children vaccinated when it makes
is much he can and should do to help an
the greatest difference, before the age of two.
expectant mother. We cannot understate
The plan requires more effective coordina-
male responsibility.
tion to promote vaccination among the var-
The third announcement will tell women
ious Federal Agencies that serve children.
that proper care begins long before the baby
We're helping States and localities with their
is born. Consider this: Babies born after a
own immunization plans. And our adminis-
pregnancy with no prenatal care are four
ration of George Bush, 1992
Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11
825
T immunization continues
times more likely to die than those whose
of our cities, and you're the model of a good
need. For fiscal '93, we're
mothers received care beginning in the first
neighbor. Thank you for what you do.
ie to $349 million. We're
trimester. The full series assures pregnant
Unbelievable as it may seem, the innova-
ew standards for pediatric
women in need that they are not alone. Care
work of an expert panel
is available, and good neighbors are being
tions of Healthy Start ran into resistance up
in Congress where they are still too much
private and public sector
mobilized to help.
/'re going to help clinics
The Healthy Start approach represents
wedded to the old bureaucratic ways of doing
things. I'm optimistic, though. I believe our
ad to provide vaccination
what we should be doing to solve our social
problems: local solutions, local control, local
approach for empowering people with new
em the most.
ideas is the way of the future. Our crusade
ers again of the Advertis-
accountability. The first 15 Healthy Start
for preventive health care for infants and ex-
i the volunteer time and
communities were chosen from a long list
pectant mothers will move a step further
e organized for the cause
of applicants. I understand that rep-
when we reform this-overall reform of the
I know that public service
resentatives of many of these communities
as this work. Think of the
health insurance system. I've proposed mak-
from around the Nation are here today, and
ing every American able to afford a basic
d Council campaigns for
thank you all for your good work.
g habit, for seatbelt use,
We're not weighing down these commu-
health insurance plan of his choice, using
ncer. All such efforts help
credits or vouchers. And through the market
nity initiatives with burdensome Federal
er responsibility in their
mandates and command-and-control regula-
system, we would provide needy Americans
better health care than they now receive.
tions. We're seeking to empower neighbor-
thought that the same sort
hood volunteers in local governments to in-
These two efforts represent a new way of
arketing science and com-
vent effective new ways to help save babies'
solving our problems in infant mortality and
ts could help motivate
lives and keep babies and their mothers
immunization. Our guiding principle is to
:SS other problems involv-
strong and healthy.
reach out: Reach out to young parents, make
insibility, for instance, in"
Healthy Start successes will come from
sure they know what they need to do, and
then help them to do it; reach out to commu-
ogether, encouraging re-
people who see neighbors in need and ask,
havior, and other matters
"What can I do to help?" And they follow
nity organizations; reach out to the private
amily well-being. So I'm
sector; and reach across the artificial lines in
through on their generous impulses. And
Ad Council's new cam-
they keep noticing and helping more people.
our Government so that any program that
rong and positive results.
I'm talking about people like Minnie Thomas
touches young children and their parents will
messages will emphasize
in Oakland, California. An energetic grand-
become an opportunity point for better
health.
oregnant women and their
mother, she was helping drug abusers when
matter of concern to every
she learned there was no facility for drug
We have new kinds of problems, and so
ized society. When an ex-
abusers who became pregnant. So she
we've got to think in new ways. We need
financially needy or with-
opened her own facility called Solid Founda-
to think about all the opportunities that we
a family to support her,
tion. And 47 kids have been born to mothers
have to draw in young families who may be
urgent for good neighbors
at Solid Foundation, and not one suffered
left out today, to help them, to inform them.
are. The Ad Council's first
We need to enlist them and enlist our com-
from low birth weight.
targets the general pub-
Here in Washington, Tawana Fortune-
munities to work together to help them. All
f us for action. The theme
the community organizations have a tremen-
Jones is the woman with the Mom Van, and
e hearing on television is
she knocks on doors in neighborhoods where
dous role to play. It's already worked in our
accept high rates of infant
infant mortality is high. She's enlisted the co-
six demonstration immunization cities, and I
operation of doctors and clinics to establish
am confident that it's going to work in
is America.
Healthy Start and in more immunization
ouncement will impress
a Healthy Start Pregnancy Register. She
nportance of their role.
drives the Mom Van, and each morning at
communities all around this great country.
an unborn child's father
7 a.m. she begins picking up women and tak-
Thank you all for your leadership. Again,
member or friend, there
ing them to doctors' offices. Afterwards she
my respects to the two Members of Congress
nd should do to help an
takes them home, and then she shuttles an-
here. Thank the doctors here, and thank all
We cannot understate
other group in the afternoon. She's a friend
of you working in the communities to make
life just a little better for the kids and for
to women who have no other friends, and
ncement will tell women
she's saved and bettered the lives of hun-
the families out there. Thank you all for com-
gins long before the baby
dreds of babies. And she's here with us today.
ing.
this: Babies born after a
Tawana, where are you now? Right over
) prenatal care are four
Note: The President spoke at 11:16 a.m. in
here. Tawana, good neighbors are the heroes
the Rose Garden at the White House.
PAGE
1
LEVEL 1 - 1 OF 3 STORIES
Copyright (c) 1991 The New York Times Company
The New York Times
November 5, 1991, Tuesday, Late Edition - Final
SECTION: Section C; Page 17; Column 1; Cultural Desk; Word and Image Page
LENGTH: 776 words
HEADLINE: Books of The Times;
In a Convent, Rapture And Questions of Reality
BYLINE: By MICHIKO KAKUTANI
who just happens to be Mariette's older sister, warns her: "Don't try to
be exceptional; simply be a good nun. St. Ignatius Loyola gives us the right
prescription. Work as if everything depended on you, but pray as if
everything depended on God."
Mariette, of course, is anything but ordinary. She radiates a beauty and
purity that the other nuns
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