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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Grant, Mary Kate, Files Subseries: Subject File, 1988-1991 OA/ID Number: 13884 Folder ID Number: 13884-002 Folder Title: Judge Souter, 7/90 Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 18 29 1 2 WHITE HOUSE DISCUSSION POINTS SUPREME COURT NOMINATION OF JUDGE DAVID SOUTER "Judge Souter, I believe with all my heart, will prove a most worthy member of the court. His tenure as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of New Hampshire, as Attorney General of that state, and more recently, as a federal appeals judge, unquestionably demonstrates his ability, his integrity, and his dedication to public service. And he has a keen appreciation of the proper judicial role rooted in fundamental belief in separation of powers and the democratic principles underlying our great system of government." President Bush nominating Judge Souter as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court on July 24, 1990 * In nominating Judge Souter to the Supreme Court, the President selected a jurist of extraordinary ability with impeccable qualifications. Judge Souter is a man of unquestioned distinction and accomplishment. He is an outstanding judge, fair, equitable, and thoughtful. Judge Souter received the ABA's highest rating of "well qualified" before he was nominated for a judgeship on the court of appeals. He was unanimously confirmed for that position by the Senate in April, 1990. * Judge Souter is a believer in judicial restraint, a tough trial court judge with a great legal mind who will interpret the Constitution not legislate from the bench. * The President did not use any litmus test nor did any single issue dominate his decision to choose. There should be no litmus test in the process of confirmation. * Judge David Souter was chosen because of his fidelity to the Constitution and the rule of law. These qualities, coupled with a nominee's education and experience, determine whether a nominee will be a good Justice of the Supreme Court. For additional information, please contact the Office of Public Affairs at 202-456-2483. COMMENTS ON THE SUPREME COURT NOMINATION OF JUDGE DAVID SOUTER incisive, independent devotion to interpreting the Constitution. "I believe I'm recommending an individual with a strong, He's a quiet man of enormous intellectual strength. A tough trial court judge with a great legal mind and an impartial quality that will serve the Court well." President Bush on his decision to nominate Judge David Souter to the Supreme Court to the Philadelphia GOP on July 24, 1990 The Administration on Judge Souter: Governor John Sununu said that he, Attorney General Thornburgh, C. Boyden Gray were all "struck by the Souter's opinions. (New York Times 7/25/90) crispness, the logic, the flow and the structure" of Judge On ABC-TV's "Good Morning America," Attorney General Thornburgh said, "I don't think it will be a hard sell at all, when you look at the man's (Judge Souter) record, questions of law." experience, integrity and ability to deal with tough The Congress on Judge Souter: Rep. Newt Gingrich (R-GA) said of the Souter nomination, "It commitments seems to meet all of the President's philosophical At the same time, it doesn't allow the President's ideological opponents very much automatic opportunity to fight with him. " He then added, "The people I know from New Hampshire who have known him say that he is a very solid person. (New York Times 7/26/90) "It's a good one qualifications, not his ideological ones," remarked Sen. he has chosen someone for his legal Patrick Leahy (D-VT), a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, on the selection of Souter by President Bush. (Boston Globe 7/25/90) "From what I have read, my impression is positive," said Sen. Sam Nunn (D-GA) of Souter. (New York Times 7/26/90) Associates from New Hampshire on Judge Souter: "I know him as a scholarly, bright and articulate exponent of his judicial philosophy," remarks Judge Brock who served with Judge Souter on the New Hampshire Supreme Court. (Washington Times 7/25/90) "He's fiercely independent in his legal reasoning and he get there on his own. He has no constituency," remarked John Broderick, president of the New Hampshire Bar Association, on Souter's decisions while on the bench. (Washington Times 7/25/90) "A man of industry, integrity and great intellectual ability," said Martin Gross, a Democrat and former mayor in New Hampshire. (Dallas Morning News 7/24/90) " he has taken an approach in his style and his demeanor and his judicial conduct that is conservative People who admire brilliance will be very impressed with this man He has tremendous respect in the legal community as an attorney general and as a judge as well," remarks Rep. Thomas Gage, Chairman of the New Hampshire House Judiciary Committee in his dealings with Judge Souter. (Washington Times 7/25/90) During his tenure as New Hampshire's Attorney General, Judge Souter hired Richard McNamara as a prosecuting attorney. When asked about Souter he remarked that, " (Souter) inculcated in young prosecutors a sense of fairness." (Washington Times 7/25/90) Others on Judge Souter: In his 7/27/90 syndicated column, David Broder remarked, "What the country should care about is that the New Hampshire jurist - by the unanimous testimony of those who know him - brings a powerful, superbly trained legal intellect, disciplined work habits and genuine independence of judgment to the issues before the high court, If when discussing the Souter nomination to the Supreme Court. (Washington Post 7/27/90) Said L. Gordon Crovitz, in an editorial for the Wall Street Journal (7/25/90), wrote "his willingness to ask whether all issues are necessarily legal issues could help nudge the court back to its more modest practice of avoiding essentially political cases." "He's always wanted to be a defender of America and American values. That's why he went into law, " said Dr. Melvin Levine, a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford University with Judge Souter. (New York Times 7/25/90) Anthony Lewis, in his column, wrote: "Judge Souter is described as a conservative. But indications are that he York no of legal wrongs he is determined to right. " (New comes list to this great appointment with no ideological agenda: Times 7/27/90) him Souter when they were deputy attorney generals with Gov. Gerald L. Baliles, former Virginia governor, who worked "without a trace of ideology. " (Washington Post 7/26/90) found THE NEW YORK TIMES 7/25/90 Sununu Tells How and Why He Pushed Souter for Court By R. W. APPLE Jr. operation the New York : mes WASHINGTON July 24 - John H. lumoia Circuit. Sununu. the White House chief of staff. The list. the-chief of staff reported. said todav that ne had assured Presi- had been cut from a dozen names early dent Busn that David H. Souter would Saturday morning to four or five DV sphoid conservative values on the Su- Sunday evening. Only Judge Souter and preme Court. He also said ne had given Judge Jones met with the President. strong personal support" :0 Judge !: was Attorney General Dick Thorn- Souter at a Kev moment in the Presi- buren and Mr Grav. Mr Bush's coun- dent decision-making. sel. who brought David's name out of As Governor of New Hampshire. Mr. the pack" of 20 or more names with Sununu named Judge Souter an ASSOCI- which the Administration began 18 ate Justice of its Supreme Court. months ago. Mr. Sununu said. "I stayed "I was looking for someone who out until almost the end." would be a strict constructionist. con- Rudman Wields Influence sistent with basic conservative atti- tudes. and that $ what I got." the chief But it was Senator Warren E. Rud- of staff said in an interview. "I was man. the influential New Hampshire able to tell the President that 1 was Republican. who first brought Mr. sure he would do the same thing when, Souter's name to the attention of offi- he encountered Federal questions. cials in Washington in 1986 and 1987. "What he says and does is what he IS. Reacting a bit testily to reports de- No pretense. no surprises. scribing Judge Souter as a protege or an ideological twin of Mr. Sununu. Mr. Their Kind of Man? Rudman declared: John Sununu did- The chief of staff's comments were n't know David Souter - though he of designed to advance the overall White course knew of him. in a small state House strategy of seeking to convince like New Hampsnire - when the va- conservatives that Judge Souter was cancv on the state court came up. I their kind of man. who could be trusted pushed him for that, I told Ronald Rea- to vote "right" on the big issues. with- gan about him. I pushed him for the out getting him involved in fierce de- Circuit Court job and 1 urged Bush to bates about abortion or flag burning or choose him this time. He's not Sununu's other contentious specifics. man." In being unusually candid about the: The chief of staff largely confirmed details in the selection process. Mr. that account. but said-he came to know Sununu was carrying out his role as and respect Judge Souter later. not so- Mr. Bush's primary liaison to the right cially but professionally. Asked wing of the Republican Party and to whether he considered the jurist as one the ideological groups that support Mr. of those who worked to create a mood Bush but are nervous about the com- of ideological conservatism in New mitment to their issues. Hampshire - like Mr. Sununu himself, Mr. Sununu said that neither he nor: the President asked the 50-year-old ju-1 rist any questions about abortion, the most politically explosive issue facing) the Supreme Court. or about Roe V.' Message to Wade. the Court's basic decision on abortion rights. which has been under conservatives: attack by anti-abortion groups. An-1 other White House official said Mr. You'll like him. Bush had crossed several questions off a list prepared for his meeting with Judge Souter by his counsel. C. Boyden Gray, because they seemed too spe- former late Gov. Meldrim Thomson or cific. the late newspaper publisher William Judge Souter. named only recently to Loeb - Mr. Sununu replied: "David the United States Court of Appeals for was philosophically comfortable with the First Circuit. in Boston, has no it. but temperamentally not suited to record of public statements on the public battle. He was content to make issue. his contribution in a judicial sense." "We think it's wrong for us to apply a 'A Little Problem' Recalled litmus test on a single issue in selecting a nominee." Mr. Sununu said. "We' On one occasion. Mr. Sununu added. think It's wrong for the Senate to do so the judge "created a little problem for in confirmation proceedings. That's a me' in an opinion "so tight and so iron- principle we're going to try to stress in clad and leak-proof" that the structure the weeks ahead." of the state's meal taxes had to be thor- Reading Between the Lines oughly redesigned. The man loves the law to the point Mr. Sununu said that President Bush of keeping himself completely out of had had two candidates under consid-i the public eye." he said. "He loves eration when he retired to his office on being a judge. reading and doing pri- Monday with a yellow legal pad to vate things. not showing off by talking make, his decision - the two he had and writing about being a judge." just spoken with. Judge Souter and "There's a feeling that this IS a guy Judge Edith H. Jones. 41. who sits on who wants to be a Supreme Court Jus- the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Cir- tice and wants to dedicate his life to it." cuit. in Houston. said an aide briefing reporters about "Reading between the lines. and the reasons for Mr. Bush's choiced. that's all It IS." the chief of staff said. He's not a political guy. On a personal "maybe we're talking about a se-, basis. the President was impressed by quence here. Maybe she IS the choice the fact that he's a humble man, quiet the next time that we have a vacancy and studious." on the Court. There are no sure things, Mr. Sununu said that Mr. Gray and and times and conditions can change. ! Mr. Thornburgh had been struck by but the President was impressed." "the crispness. the logic. the flow and Mr. Sununu said that he had "inter- the structure" of Judge Souter's opin-' vened with strong personal support" ions. But if he IS thoroughly at home for Judge Souter only on Monday with the written word. Judge Souter ap- morning, and that even then he had parently has no gift whatever for chit- made positive comments about the two chat or small talk. other candidates still in the running at What did Judge Souter have to say at the time. identified by another Bush his meetings with Mr. Sununu Mon- aide as Judge Jones and Judge Lau- day? rence H. Silberman, 54. who IS on thei Not very much." the chief of staff Court of Appeals for the District of Co-1 answered. "As usual." THE WASHINGTON POST 7/25/90 Bush Opens Drive For Court Nominee Confirmation Hearings Set for September By David S. Broder and Helen Dewar AS/HINGTON Post and Weiters The White House launched the confirmation drive for President COURT. From A1 Souter began preparing for the ished." But White House officials Bush's first Supreme Court nom- confirmation process by meeting said Souter was a strong contender abortion. "I don't have to be circum- inee yesterday against a virtually with White House officials and Ken- from the beginning, having im- invisible opposition and amid signs spect," he said, "but he may." neth Duberstein, former White pressed Thornburgh and others that David H. Souter will resist ef- Grassley added that "at this House chief of staff in the Reagan with his intellectual qualities when forts to pin down his views on abor- point, it looks like it [confirmation] administration. who will shepherd he was being interviewed for the will go very smoothly," a judgment him through the hearings. circuit court. tion. that was echoed at the liberal end of Souter. the little-known. 50-year- Rudman, who hired Souter as a Barring a surprise discovery about old New Hampshire jurist named by the political spectrum by another young lawyer when Rudman was Souter, most senators who ventured Judiciary Committee member. Sen. Bush Monday to replace retiring a judgment yesterday said he should Howard M. Metzenbaum (D-Ohio). Justice William J. Brennan Jr., con- be easily confirmed. Rather than The waters are quiet." Metzen- tinued to draw approving comments baum said. "He's got a clean slate so "The waters are question his qualifications, they feil across the political spectrum. to debating the propriety of asking far. But that doesn't mean some- -1 think there's a positive feel- quiet. He's got a him about abortion and other sensi- ing." said Sen. Patrick J. Leahy (D- thing won't come up tomorrow tive issues. morning." Vt.). a member of the Judiciary Liberal interest groups said last clean slate so far. Sen. Alan K. Simpson (R-Wyd.) Committee. which will hold confir- said. "I think it would be appalling night that their first look at Sou- mation hearings in September. But that doesn to spend too much time. if any at all. ter's judicial record had yielded no President Bush told a GOP fund- on abortion," when the hearings be- ammunition for a fight against him. raising luncheon in Philadelphia Initial 'eview of the more than 200 mean something gin. "there should be no litmus test in But Sen. Dennis DeConcini (D- opinions Souter wrote during his the process of confirmation." rest- seven years on the state supreme won 't come up Ariz.). another Judiciary Committee erating his statement that he had member. said. "ile doesn't look con- court reflected a jurist who focused applied no such standard himself on tentious to me but it's unreal- more often on the mundane and tomorrow morning. " istic to think he will not be asked abortion or any issue. technical issues of a state court -Sen. Howard M. Metzenbaum, White House press secretary about abortion. flag burning, the than on sweeping constiutional Judiciary Committee member Martin Fitzwater said Bush is mov- line-item veto and a lot of other IS- questions. ing quickly on the nomination be- sues. But I don't expect him to give Administration officials ex- New Hampshire attorney general. cause "we saw that some of the spe- us any clear-cut answers." pressed confidence that Bush had said he would escort the nommee cial interests-on abortion. civil One of the few negative notes found what he wanted-a conser- personally to meetings with Senate rights-were going to try to cook was sounded by Sen. Orrin G. vative judge with no written open- leaders today and with Judiciary Hatch (R-Utah) who said he would up a stew that this nomination ions, especially on abortion issues, Committee members tomorrow. "1 would get dumped into." have preferred if Souter, a lifelong that would fuel ideological conflict know him better than anyone else." Sen. Warren B. Rudman (R- bachelor, were a family man. But on the eve of the midterm election. he said, "and I'm going to do the N.H.). a close friend of the nomi- Hatch quickly backed away from "I don't think it will be a hard sell honors myself." nee, said the former New Hamp- the statement. "It came out wrong." at all, when you look at the man's At a brief photo session yester- shire Supreme Court justice had Hatch said. "I did not mean that $5 record. experience, integrity and day afternoon in Rudman's office, made it clear to administration of- criticism." ability to deal with tough questions Souter confessed that "I really was ficials that "if they had any titmes of law." Attorney General Dick in some state of shock" when he Staff writer Dan Bale. traveling tests to apply, he was not interest- Thornburgh said on ABC-TV's stood at Bush's side for the an- with President Busk, contributed to ed" in the appointment he received "Good Morning America." nouncement Monday. "I was aston- this report. from Bush earlier this year to the 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Boston or in being elevated to the Supreme Court. "He will take that same stance with senators," Rudman said. "He has far too much respect for the - dependence and integrity of the ju- diciary to allow that to happen." Bush made the same pount. argu- ing that the court needed justices with "independent minds above the flames of political passion." The first Judiciary Committee member to indicate publicly an in- tent to press Souter on the abortion issue was Sen. Charles E. Grassley (R-lowa). a strong opponent of See COURT. AC. Col. 4 Souter Meets With Leaders of Senate In Session of Humor and Good Will By LINDA GREENHOUSE YOUR Letter About Abortion WASHINGTON. July 25 - Judgel David H Souter. President Bush SI The scrutiny of Judge Souter record goes bevind his more than 200 choice for the Supreme Court, visited 'I must say, I written opinions as an Associate Jus. the Senate Democratic and Republi-1 tice of the New Hampshire Supreme can leaders today in a relaxed atmos.) Court. extending to his actions as the never thought of phere that reflected the absence of ac. state's Attorney General and even to live opposition to his nomination so far letters he wrote on official business myself as that With Senator George J. Mitchell. the majority leader. Judge Souter ex. The National Abortion Rights Action obscure.' changed reminiscences about a senior Beague. which has expressed concern Federal judge from the Senator home over the lack of knowledge about Judge state of Maine. Souter views on abortion found in its Judge Souter told Mr Mitchell that New Hampshire affiliate's files a letter aides from previous Republican ad- he admired the judge. Frank M Coffin. that he wrote to a committee of the ministrations who are now in the public and had once received a letter from State Legislature in 1981. Judge Souter relations business. have been asked to him. "I would frame it." Judge Souter then a judge on the state S trial court work with Judge Souter in preparation said. "but that would be ostentatious. the Superior Court was expressing the for the hearing. A Straight Line for Dole views of a committee of judges on a bill At a White House meeting this morn- ing with Congressional leaders. Presi- Probably inadvertently. the nominee to require teen-agers to get their par dent Bush urged support of the nomina- fed a straight line to the Republican ents' consent before having an abor non leader. Senator Robert Dole of Kansas. tion. Leaving the meeting. Senator Sam about New Hampshire. which 15 Judge His letter said that the judges had de Nunn. Democrat of Georgia. said the Souter's home state and the place cided to take no position on the question President had "made a pitch" for where Senator Dole's Presidential of parental consent but that they. die Judge Souter. From what I've read. campaign ran aground two vears ago. oppose a provision in the bill to RIVE my impression 15 positive. the Senator "Are vou going to be sorry to leave tenn-agers the alternative of seeking said. New Hampshire?" someone asked permission from a Superior our Representative Newt Gingrich. a Judge Souter as the meeting with Sena- Indge Georgia Republican who IS a spokes- tor Dole was about to begin. "I don't know that anyone wants to riting on behalf of the follow man for conservatives in the House. judges. Judge Souter sand the 15101 said as he left the same meeting that leave New Hampshire." the judge re- plied. would force the judges to engage the nomination was a "surprise" and "acts of unfettered personal choice. 'sort of a George Bush-like choice. "Idid," Mr. Dole said. He said "a principled and consistent "Il seems to meet all of the Presi- The two brief sessions. in elegant of. application of the quoted provision dent's philosophical commitments." would be impossible because judges Mr. Gingrich said. "At the same time. The nominee, no would respond to the teen-agers re- it doesn't allow the President's ideolog- quests on the basis of their own VIDWS ical opponents very much automatic about abortion. or at least their views opportunity to fight with him." longer stunned, about 19017 ability 10 make choices Mr. Gingrich added. "The people I about abortion for another person. know well from New Hampshire who appears at ease in Judge Souter's letter said: Much have known him say that he IS a very solid person." the Senate. criticism of the role of the judiciary in this country has characterized judicial activity in the application of constitu- fices at opposite ends of a corridor be- tional standards as no more than the hind the Senate chamber. began with imposition of individual judges views photo opportunities. as consecutive in the guise of applying constitutional waves of photographers were admitted terms of great generality. The provi- to record the event. Judge Souter ap- sion that I have quoted from the peared at ease. almost amused as he' present bill would force the Superior parried the shouted questions with a Court to engage in just such acts of un- politician $ ease. He had shed the: fettered personal choice." stunned expression he wore when hel The parental consent bill did not pass stood beside President Bush two daysi the Legislature. ago for the announcement of his nomi- A Pitch From Bush nation. which Mr. Bush officially sent to the Senate this morning. Dawn Johnsen. legal director of the abortion rights group. said she found Wit and Parry Judge Souter's letter "disturbing" be How did it feel to be plucked from ob- cause It indicated that he might vote on scurity. he was asked. the Supreme Court to uphold parental "1 must sav, I never thought of my consent laws that did not give teen- self as that obscure." Judge Souter re- agers the option of seeking approval plied. from a judge. The Supreme Court has Asked to recount his feelings upon not ruled on whether a "judicial by- being nominated, he answered: The pass" IS constitutionally required for best news I have 15 that the blood 15 cir. all such legislation. culating to the brain well enough now But Ms. Johnsen said the letter did so that I'm beginning to have some not appear to indicate Judge Souter's feelings view on the constitutionality of other restrictions on abortion. Judge Souter. who sits on the United States Court of Appeals for the First The White House today was also pol- Circuit in Boston. 15 to meet Thursday ishing Its strategy for the confirmation morning with Senator Joseph R. Biden process. Kenneth M. Duberstein and Jr., the Delaware Democrat who heads Tom C. Korologos, two White House the Senate Judiciary Committee. The committee's confirmation hearing will be held in September. Senate Democrats have been largely silent about the nomination. Neither the Democrats nor the liberal interest groups that organized the successful fight against Judge Robert H. Bork's nomination to the Supreme Court three years ago have yet arrived at an ap- proach to this nomination. Judge Sout- er's views about the issues that con-1 cern these groups the most, like abor- tion. are not known. NEW YORK TIMES One Democratic aide to the Judici. 7/26/90 ary Committee was asked today how) he was spending his time. Reading, the aide replied. THE BOSTON GLOBE 7/25/90 Souter confirmation strategy mapped By John W. Mashek and Stephen Kurkjian CLORE STAFF "The longer the president wok. WASHINGTON Judge David In the 19th century. Supreme the more his decision would be H Souter Pressiont Bush's nominee Court nominees were routinely re- framed as by the abortion issue." in the Supreme Court. met with jected for a broad range of political -aid a White House adviser who White House officials yesterday to reasons. But in this century, the asked not be to be identified. "He map out his Senate confirmation trend has been to allow the presi- :elt the quicker It was done the more strategy, while Bush urged the Sen- dent to nominate to the court a per- people would concentrate on the per- ate to avoid letting a -ingle issue son who shares his judicial philos- was qualifications. rather than any- dominate the hearings. ophy. thing else. As Senate investigators began The most recent exception to scrutinizing Souter's record. both We hope the Senate will agree." Mc. that trend, the Senate's rejection of personal and judicial. political strate- Clure added. Reagan's nomination of Robert H. said that by moving rapidly to Bork. was fueled by Bork's lengthy nominate Souter. Bush had succeed- The nominee's lobbyist writings and opinions on a range of ed in shifting much of the enormous The White House confirmed that controversial topics before the court. attention concerning the nominee's Kenneth Duberstein. a former chief position on abortion 'n his significant of staff and congressional liaison in Following a faist trail qualifications as a jurist. the Reagan administration. will help lobby Capitol Hill for Souter on an There is only a faint paper trail Souter appeared relaxed when in Souter's case. a fact that worries he posed for photographers at the unpaid basis. Duberstein. a Wash- conservatives as well as liberals. White House. The blood IS circulat- ington lobhyist. IS likely to help "Most conservatives today have ner- ing a little bit better than it was yes- Democrate on the Judiciary Com- vous smiles." said Richard A. Vi- terday atternoon at five o'clock." he mittee over how hard Souter should guerie. chairman of the United Con- be pressed to detail his position on servatives of America. "We think we said. -I didn't think it was going to abortion. which he has not directly can be happy, but we're a little ap- happen. 1 was astonished." ruled on during his 12 years on the prehensive. We don't know a lot Souter was selected from a list of New Hampshire Superior and Su- about Judge Souter." potential nominees that numbered preme courts. Until the confirmation hearings 18 last Saturday. that was trimmed Some senators believe that be begin. Souter is likely to stay out of to four over the weekend and that cause Souter has taken no public po- the public eye and withhold all com- was reduced TO two on Monday: Souter and Jurige Edith H. Jones. sition on abortion. questions should ment on matters before the court. be limited to his positions on the administration sources said. 41. of the 5th US Circuit Court of Appeals in Houston. sources and Souter on the limits of questioning He is not expected to return to Bush interviewed Junes and Souter during the hearings. his home in Weare. N.H.. until the on Monday alternoon before decid- Asked how Souter would respond weekend. Today. Souter will begin a ing on Souter. they -aid. Hearings on his nomination in to heated questioning by Democrate tour of Capitol Hill to meet with on the abortion issue, one Bush ad- Senate leaders. followed by mem- the Senate Judiciary Committee are viser said: "I doubt very much if bera of the Judiciary Committee. expected to start in early Septem- ber. The White House and the Sen- you'll see anything very deep on any issue. such as that that in oefore the Metrenbane's scare card ate leadership want the vacancy left court" Sen. Howard M. Metzenbaum. an by retiring Justice William J. Bren- Ohio Democrat and a Simon col- nan .1r. filled when the new court However. according to sources. there is a potential split among the league on the Judiciary Committee term starts on the first Monday in who is likely to be the toughest ques- October broader issue. such M whether the tioner. told reporters: "At this point Speaking on a political fund-rais- Constitution sets out the right to pri- it's no hits, no runs, no errors. It ing trip in Philadelphia. Bush al- vacy. may not be a good thing in a justice. buded to the divisive abortion debate To concentrate on one issue, even but it's a good thing in sending up a as he urged the Senate to avoid let. one as emotional as abortion. would nominee to be confirmed." ting a single issue dominate the con- "relegate the historic confirmation Sen. Patrick J. Leahy of Ver- firmation proceedings. process to single-issue politics." mont. a liberal Democrat on the Ju- "In my nomination there was Leahy said. diciary Committee and a fierce critic no single issue. no litmus test or However, other Democrats on of many of President Reagan's judi- standard dominating my decision to the committee appear to feel that cial nominations. was similarly posi- nominate." Bush said. -I will add abortion is a significant enough issue tive. -It's a good one." Leahy said of there should be THE htmus test in the legally and politically to center the Bush's decision. "He could have sent process of confirmation." debate over Souter's qualifications to up a symbol that would pander to He promoted Souter as a judge sit on the court. the far right of his party, but instead "true to the life and spirit of the he has chosen someone for his legal Constitution. a priority that I'm con- Polities and history qualifications. not his ideological fident will also guide the Congress in Some staff members are already ones." the confirmation process." researching the number of past con- At the White House. Souter met firmation battles that hinged on a with Frederick McClure. Bush's con- Advantageous background single issue, including the Senate's gressional lisison chief. to discuss The relative lack of definition in rejection of George Washington's the confirmation strategy. McClure Souter's judicial background is elevation of Justice John Rutiedge to said the meeting was routine. a nor- working in his favor, as various in- chief justice in 1796 because of Rut- mai practice associated with new terest groups and some members of ledge's opposition to a treaty with nominees. "He's a well qualified guy. the Senate struggle to find any nug. England. gets of controversy in his record in Dong Bailey, a Republican politi- New Hampshire and on the federal cal consultant, said that abortion is bench. such an explosive, political issue that Liberals and conservatives are in senators might legitimately be able the same predicament. because 80 to press Souter to define his position. little is known about the 50-year-old without being viewed M abusing the Souter. a close friend of Sen. Warren confirmation process. B. Rudman. Republican of New "Two years from now, if Souter is Hampshire. on the bench and overrules Roe V. "It is an unclear nomination in Wader there are going to be a lot of the sense of where he is going. and prochoice people out there asking that really does help him in this situ- their senators why they weren't ation in the Senate." said Sen. Paul tougher in questioning this guy," Simon. an Illinois Democrat who is a Bailey asid. liberal member of the Judiciary Committee. "I think the president was aware of that." By deciding to announce Souter's nomination less than three days after receiving official notification that Brennan was resigning, Bush was able to cut off the pressure from both sides of the abortion issue to nominate a person who reflected their views. WASHINGTON TIMES 7/25/90 White Mountains echoing pride and praise for Souter By A.an McConagha Judge Souter on the state Supreme Franklin Pierce Law Center. said WASHINGTON MES Court. Judge Souter in the past closely ana- Judge Souter IS "a big-league ball CONCORD, N.H. - New Hamp- lyzed the text of the New Hampshire player who's finally getting to go to shire, a state with an abiding faith in Constitution in arriving at his de- the big league." said John Broderick, cistons. tradition. elaborated its version of a president of the New Hampshire Horatio Alger epic yesterday with Bar Association. But Judge Souter's respect for le. the story of Judge David H. Souter Former state Attorney General gal precedent might make him re As reporters flocked here to learn Steve Merrill. now a Manchester luctant to overturn earlier rulings. more about the surprise nominee to lawyer. added, "The New Hampshire said Mr. Duggan. He thought it was the Supreme Court. his friends re bar is delighted that one of the best an "open question" whether Judge vealed that he is a jurist with an abid- and brightest in New England. if not Souter would vote against Roe VS ing faith in tradition. Wade. the whole country. was chosen." He IS also popular. The retiring. But it was also apparent in these One government official who re- scholarly. 50-year-old federal ap- interviews that Judge Souter's views quested anonymity told the Associ- peals judge was hailed as the on such sensitive issues as abortion ated Press that Judge Souter follows "Abraham Lincoln of New Hamp- are as little known in his hometown the values and philosophy of "the shire" by Concord High School Prin- as they are among Washington advo- Great Dissenter." conservative Su cipal Charles Foley. cacy groups. preme Court Justice Oliver Wendell According to the enthusiatic Mr. The Concord Monitor, in an ad- Holmes. another stickler for prece Foley. if Judge Souter ran for public miring editorial. noted that the dent. The official said he took that to office "he'd be a shoo-in - and peo- nominee respects legal precedent: mean Judge Souter would be reluc ple would be running to get into the "Souter is no Robert Bork." the tant to overturn a previous decision pictures with him. He's that re- newspaper said. "It's far from cer- such as Roe VS. Wade. spected." tain whether, for example, he would Judge Souter was born in Mel Chief Justice David A. Brock of vote to overturn Roe VS. Wade." rose. Mass.. and moved at age 11 to the New Hampshire Supreme Court The newspaper was referring to the nearby community of Weare. A said he was "extremely pleased and the 1973 landmark Supreme Court bachelor. he continues to live quietly shared in the state's pride at Judge decision that legalized abortion and in the austere farmhouse in which he Souter's selection for the high court. to retired Judge Robert Bork. whose was raised. I know him as a scholarly, bright nomination to the high court by He went to school in Concord. and and articulate exponent of his judi- President Reagan failed to win con- his high school vearbook describes cial philosophy," said Judge Brock. firmation. who served for several years with him as "very hard working and stu- James Duggan. a professor at dious and in constant demand." WASHINGTON TIMES 7/25/90 Colleagues find Souter non-political on bench By Dawn M Wevrich bers have said they plan to quiz Judge Souter THE WASHINGTON MES about his philosophy on abortion. and some interest groups insist the nomination will turn David Souter's short career on the federal on that single question. The one case in which bench makes it hard to predict how he will tip he dealt with that issue, however, does not the balance of the Supreme Court. but col- reveal his position on Roe VS. Wade. the 1973 leagues call the nominee a "judge's judge" Supreme Court ruling that recognized a fun- who consistently refused to let politics en- damental abortion right. croach on the outcome of his decisions. But because Judge Souter is a "strict con- Judge Souter was appointed to the New structionist" - one who interprets the Consti- Hampshire Superior Court in 1978 by conser- tution by the framers' intent - some spec- vative Gov. Meldrim Thomson Jr. and ele- ulate he might vote to overturn the decision. vated to the state's Supreme Court five years If the chance were to come before him and later by another conservative. Gov. John it involved what he believed to be a correct Sununu. now White House chief of staff. interpretation of the Constitution. the answer "If I were a conservative. I'd say that was would have to be yes, he would overturn Roe," a fairly good sign," st.id John Broderick, pres- said Mr. Thomson. the former governor. ident of the New Hampshire Bar Association But other colleagues insist that Judge and counsel for the state's Democratic Party. Souter has high respect for prior decisions "But to connect those dots to say he will carry and might be loath to take such an extreme out some conservative agenda on the court is step. to miss the man." "He sees the law in an evolutionary mode. Colleagues from New Hampshire's clan- not a revolutionary mode," Mr. Broderick nish legal community insist that Judge Souter said. "He won't give the electric shock treat- has no political agenda. But they agree that ment to any precedent." he is an adamant opponent of "judicial activ- Mr. Merrill agreed: "If people think Souter ism" - legislating from the bench. is going to be easy to predict on these very "Judge Souter might not have voted for a troubling legal issues. they're wrong." specific piece of legislation had he been in the Mr. Broderick said Judge Souter's opinions legislature." said former state Attorney Gen- are likely to surprise those who attempt to eral Stephen Merrill. who has argued cases label him a true conservative. before the nominee. "If it appeared in front of "He will not cast his lot with the conserva- him as bad law, he would criticize it for being tives on the court merely bècause they re con- bad law, but he would not strike it down if it servatives." he said. "He's fiercely indepen- were constitutional." dent in his legal reasoning and he'll get there Some Senate Judiciary Committee mem- on his own. He has no constituency.' Bush reveals high court nominee Views differ knowledged Monday that the evalua- Judge Souter for a job in the after- now after the court has built on it non process was not as thorough as the one Judge Sonter now will un- ney general's office in 1972 that he and decided a lot of cases on it, is a on label for dergo "ought to be on the United States Su- different question," Mr. Duggan said. DALLAS MORNING NEWS preme Court." Mr. Souter. whom friends say is a Judge Souter's close friend. Sen. "He just had an intellect and an Republican. has been appointed to 7/24/90 Warren Rudman. R-N.H., said the nominee "cannot be categorized as approach to the law that struck you four legal and judicial jobs by two federal jurist as special." said Mr. Rath, who de- Republican governors and Mr. Bush. having an ideology in any way, scribed himself as a close friend. But he IS not viewed by intimates as shape or form. and a reading of his opinions would quickly indicate Martin Gross. a Concord. N.H., actively political himself. By Steve McGonigle that." lawyer. called his longtime colleague Mr. Gross, a Democrat. sought to Weshington of The Dellas Morning News Cass Sunstein, a law professor at "a man of integrity and unques- dispel the notion that Judge Souter IS WASHINGTON - President Bush tioned legal ability." a political appointee, although he is the University of Chicago, said a described U.S. Appellate Judge David "He doesn't enter cases with any close to Mr. Rudman and was ap- computer study of legal journals Souter as conservative Monday but predetermined views. He believes pointed to the state Supreme Court shows that Judge Souter has not likened his intellect and background written a decision on abortion. the that a judge should decide cases by John Sununu, the former New to that of William Brennan. the lib- based on what's argued." Mr. Gross Hampshire governor now serving as issue that some interest groups deem eral Supreme Court justice whom said. Mr. Bush's chief of staff. crucial. Judge Souter may succeed. What is clearly evident about James Duggan. head of New "This is a man who has not had a Judge Souter. the president and the Hampshire's public defender pro- political tie in his life," Mr. Gross A lawyer in Judge Souter's home state of New Hampshire offered an- gram. said that Judge Souter tends to said. "Each time he was named, we judge's friends say, is that his intelli- other comparison. He invoked the gence and legal skills are excep- view the law in strict, literal terms. all breathed a sigh of relief." image of former Justice Lewis Pow. tional. "He interprets rights as they are Mr. Rath called Judge Souter ell. a moderate who was often a key Mr. Souter, 50. is a magna cum written and interprets the powers of "apolitical." swing vote on issues such as abor- laude graduate of Harvard College government as they are written." Mr. Mr. Rudman said his longtime tion and civil rights. Duggan said. friend and former chief deputy and also received his law degree Time will tell which, if either, Although Judge Souter once par- when he was New Hampshire's attor- from Harvard University Law portrayal fits Judge Souter. School. Before starting his legal stud- ticipated in an abortion-related deci- ney general most likes reading and His name and legal opinions are sion while on the New Hampshire mountain-climbing. les, he was a Rhodes Scholar at Ox- not well-known outside the North- ford University in England Supreme Court, Mr. Duggan said he "Dave and I rarely discuss politics east, where he served as a state trial Accolades for his knowledge could not predict how Judge Souter because he doesn't know much about and appellate judge for 12 years. would vote on abortion while on the politics." Mr. Rudman said. "We talk come in shades of brilliance. Mr. Brennan, who resigned Fri- Supreme Court. about other things." The president called his nominee day because of ill health. was a New "a remarkable judge of keen intellect The 1986 decision - in which The senator said he did not know Jersey Supreme Court justice when and the highest ability. one whose Judge Souter wrote a concurring Judge Souter's view of the 1973 Roe President Dwight Eisenhower tapped scholarly commitment to the law opinion ruled that the parents of a decision, which ruled that women him for the high court in 1956. Mr. and whose wealth of experience child born with multiple birth de- had a constitutional right to privacy Brennan went on to become the in making the decision to terminate mark him of the first rank." fects could sue a doctor because he court's leading liberal and a source Mr. Bush said he decided to nomi- did not counsel them about abortion. a pregnancy in its early stages. of frustration to five Republican nate Judge Souter after meeting and basis of Roe VS. Wade. the New Hamp- Paul Rothstein, a Georgetown presidents. talking with him Monday for the shire court noted that the Supreme University law professor who at- President Bush named Judge first time. They did not discuss abor- Court had found that a woman "has a tended Oxford University with Souter to the 1st U.S. Circuit Court of tion or any other legal issue. the constitutionally secured right to ter- Judge Souter in the early 1960s. Appeals in Boston in April. and he president insisted to reporters minate a pregnancy." praised him as a "very, very sound was confirmed unanimously by the Tom Rath, a former New Hamp- Judge Souter. in his concurrence, lawyer with a lot of judicial experi- Senate. However. several senators ac- ence." shire attorney general, said he told wondered what the ruling's impact Please see COLLEAGUES on Page 11A. his wife after being interviewed by would be on doctors who oppose "Based on legal skills, this man is abortion but were bound to advise a first-rate lawyer and will make a patients about it. first-rate judge,' Mr Rothstein said. "I think he would have dissented from Roe VS. Wade. but whether he would be prepared to overrule It WASHINGTON TIMES 7/25/90 Souter endorsed of those arrested during the Sea- brook demonstrations had been de- tained in nearby armories rather than being booked and released. Mr. the death penalty Souter testified that the demonstra- tors had expected to be locked up. They thought the state of New Hampshire was not going to do a damn thing with them." Mr. Souter By Jerry Seper more subtle effect" than life impris- THE WASHINGTON TIMES onment or other long-term incarcer- said. They got a good deal more than they bargained for." ation. CONCORD. N.H. Supreme Mr. Souter. who was appointed to Other positions Mr. Souter took Court nominee David H. Souter. who the New Hampshire Superior Court when he served as attorney general has avoided public comment on con- in 1978. told the committee that sta- included opposition to the construc- troversial issues since his appoint tisties had proved that the death pen- tion of Seabrook over thermal dis- ment a dozen years ago as a judge. alty served as a deterrent to murder. charges and opposition to gambling. had well-known positions when he His views on civil disobedience 'He would devote SO much served as a state prosecutor. records surfaced in June 1977. when he tes- thought to what the state of New show. tified before the state Senate Fi- Hampshire should do." said Richard In fact, during his tenure as New nance Committee that anti-nuclear McNamara. whom Mr. Souter hired Hampshire's attorney general be- protesters at the Seabrook nuclear as a prosecutor straight out of law tween 1976 and 1978. Mr. Souter en- plant had made a "farce" of the crim- school. "He inculcated in young dorsed the death penalty and took a mel justice system. according to the prosecutors a sense of fairness." firm stand against civil disobedi records. Rep. Thomas Gage, who chairs ence. As attorney general. Mr. Souter the state House Judiciary Commit- His death penalty stand came told the committee he planned to tee. said his dealings with Mr. Souter during an April 1977 appearance be- strictly enforce civil disobedience led him to think of him as a conserva- fore the state House Judiciary Com- laws and vowed to vigorously pros- live "with a little C." mittee in New Hampshire when. as ecute those who violated them. I think conservative is a good attorney general. Mr. Souter testi- word for him in that he has taken an Mr. Souter prosecuted the cases fied that he favored the death pen- approach in his style and his demea- against the demonstrators himself. alty in some cases of first-degree nor and his judicial conduct that is It was unusual." said Al Casassa. murder. the records show. conservative." he said. "He strikes who served as the Hampton District "For a certain. limited class of one as a very gray pin-striped sort of Court judge for eight years. 1 think a guy, crime, I do not believe life imprison- it was the only time in my period in People who admire brilliance ment is sufficient penalty." Mr. court that he or any attorney general Souter told committee members. will be very impressed with this came down there." Mr. Souter. who had served as man." he said. "He has tremendous "He was extremely thorough." re- deputy attorney general from 1971 respect in the legal community as an members Mr. Casassa. now a lawyer to his appointment as attorney gen- in private practice. attorney general and as a judge as well." eral in 1976. testified that capital When questioned by Finance Juy Mallin in Washington con- punishment as a deterrent thas a lot Committee members on why many tributed to this report. THE WASHINGTON POST, FRIDAY, JULY 27, 1990 A27 The Next Three David S. Broder Court Nominees Despite the animbles from the political ex- now hangs on the success of his budget summit tremes. President Busn's appointment of Judge with Congress. Bush has paid a significant Pavid H Souter (1) the Supreme Court has every political price by abandoning his "no-new- aducation Rung 1 superb choice-both sub- taxes" pledge in order to keep the Democrats cantively and politically. negotiating. He needs to get a return on that What the country should care about is that the investment-a credible deficit-reduction New Hampshire jurist-by the unanimous testi- agreement that will allow the Federal Reserve mony of those who know hum-brings a power- to cut interest rates and help revive a faltering superbly trained legal intellect. disciplined economy. * habits and genuine independence of judg- The urgency of that agreement is underlined went to the issues before the high court. by the new Washington Post-ABC News poll's The poutroal finesse of Bush first Supreme finding that nearly three out of five Americans Court appointment 'S underlined by the array of think the economy is worsening, and more attractive options now open to him for those who disapprove than approve Bush's leadership on may follow Souter. After naming an easuy con- economic issues. Collapse of the budget talks Frmable conservative who shares his own New would damage Bush politically and quite possibly England. Yankee. WASP heritage to replace tip the economy into recession. The negotiations are arduous already, and the venom of an ideological battle over a Bush can play ethnic Supreme Court nomination would inevitably poison the chances of the budget summit and ideological politics accomplishing its objective. The second reason Bush did not want a with subsequent pitched battle now over a clearly ideological appointee IS the imminence of the midterm Supreme Court choices. elections. Republican chances of making gains in the Senate depend heavily on states such as Illinois and Rhode Island, where Republican Associate Justice William J. Brennan. Bush has women challengers are supporters of abortion out lumseif into a position where he can play rights, and Iowa, where the Democratic incum- tough but rewarding ethnic and ideological poli- bent is trying to turn the election into a ues with subsequent Supreme Court choices. single-issue referendum on his challenger's The tip-off to the long-term strategy came in anti-abortion views. the eagerness with which White House officials The last thing Bush wanted to do was to aided reporters in learning the identities of send up a Supreme Court nominee who would those who they said were highest on the list of provoke a lengthy confirmation fight centered also-rans. They were, in the White House's on the abortion issue. publicized order of preference, Circuit Court None of these considerations would apply in Judges Edith H. Jones. a Texan and a woman; 1991, should the opportunity for other appoint- Clarence Thomas. a black; and Laurence H. ments arise. Bush might well find it useful then Silberman. a Jew-all clearly in the conserva- to nail down his conservative base by making a tive camp. more ideological court appointment, just as he A Democratic political consultant who looked courted the religious right in pre-election 1987 at the list remarked, "They've got perfect with a series of speeches and gestures. positioning if they want to pick our coalition A pitched battle in the Senate in 1991 would apart." What he meant was that if Bush gets the be a win-win proposition for Bush: Even if the opportunity to make additional Supreme Court liberais defeated his nominee, he would have appointments before 1992. he can force the made his point and could come back with a less Democrats either to acquiesce in moving the controversial conservative. high court much farther to the right or to pay an That is why the three names are so intrigu- exceptionally high political price by challenging ing. If Sandra Day O'Connor were to retire, nominees from important constituencies. Democrats opposing Judge Jones would find Talking about the politics of the court ap- themselves opposing a female and a southerner pointments in such bald terms may seem offen- on a court that has had only one woman and no sive, especially when Bush just has acknowl- one from Dixie in recent years. edged a president's overriding obligation to give If Thurgood Marshall were the retiree, how the greatest weight to the quality of the nominee would Democrats feel about blocking Judge for the high tribunal. But it would be fatuous to Thomas and making the court all-white again? pretend that the political environment was not And if Silberman were the choice, how many part of this choice. Bush did not want-and Democrats would be eager to oppose the first could not afford-a Robert Bork-like confronta- jew on the court since Abe Fortas? tion with the Democratic Senate at this moment. You can see why White House political The most important reason IS that so much operatives like the setup. THE WALL STREET JOURNAL 7/25/90 David Souter, Bush's UnBorkable Nominee stery nonimee David Senter. the Constitution the rug.lt reading It often criminal liability A statute regulating -s VPI .1 high-stakes test of the deserves but rarely gets from judges more sald THE state conld int PXI tude them from commitments of dangerous defendants 101- philosophy that what counts IS not Pager to add their footprints to the head of working III day-care centers. lowing findings of insanity does not deal and who loses In cases but new .1 jurisprudential pin. So if a fight develops against Judge with criminal offenses and. by definition. play the game His Pmpty file Crall libertarians and separation-of- Souter. It probably won he the smear and could not do so.' he wrote. Therefore. the not button legal issues should make powers cognoscenti will also be cheered by PX post facto clause does not apply. misrepresentation campaign that worked interence (11 anyone SO long as he this opinion. Judge Souter chastised a These cases help explain proprie- su well against Robert Bork. The lobbyists passes the litmus test of reasoning by law magistrate in the case who had advised the instead might have to debate the role of ties aside-the Bush administration does and not by politics. police that evidence would be suppressed If judges. We already hear liberal voices not need to ask potential nominees their review of Judge Souter's New Hamp- they denied one of the arrested defendants testing the waters by dismissing the dis. VIPWS on substantive issues. Put It this opinions suggests he IS a practi- his request to make d phone call. Judge way: If you have to ask a nominee his tinction between judges interpreting the of massic judicial restraint. He does Souter wrote that "legal advice to police law and legislating from the bench as noth. VIPWS after analyzing his opinions. you ing but a "cliche. officers ought to come from city or county probably shouldn't nominate him. It IS Rule of Law attorneys or from the attorney general's highly unlikely that a judge who will parse Anyone tempted to push this notion office. not from judges. Giving advice the PX post facto prohibition to distinguish might think twice. For one thing. It IS .1 places neutrality at risk. with potentially By L. Gordon Crovitz between criminal defendants and the crim- problem for liberals to dismiss the exis- appailing consequences.' He warned that inally insane would then fail to take seri- tence of judicial activism even as they 'all ni us in the judiciary should take care ously other statutes erect monuments to its champion. William to avoid occasions for any more litigation or the Constitution. Brennan. Justice Brennan had to ignore not legislate from the bench or make up about judicial detachment.' It's worth noting whole tracts of the Constitution to find a new parts of the Constitution. Indeed. SNV- Judge Souter also criticized judges for that litmus-test prohibition on the death penalty. end of his cases feature what might be adopting multipronge: balancing tests as a questions on sub- If liberal Senators defeat a judicial called a Thrifty Yankee view of the Consti- hidden way of creating new legal rules. stantive issues were nominee because he believes too strongly tutton. Use It sparingly. The straightforward question in City of put to judicial candi- III judicial restraint. they legitimize activ- Souter S supporters one case Din 1. Imperial Casualty & Indemnity dates during the ist judging at their peril. After all. most IfI particular to show the importance of 1990 was whether the city was immune Carter administra- federal judges were appointed by Presi- .1 mdge reaches his decision. from liability when a woman slipped on a tion. This makes dent Reagan or Bush. No one has seen a Humbshire Valenzuela 1987 was a public sidewalk. Somehow this tort case sense. It IS obviously right-wing activist judge in many decades. FIR of the-mill appeal by drug dealers led to a majority opinion on the wrinkles of important to know but a new breed IS possible to imagine. wht with h5 pounds of cocaine. almost d the Constitution's equal protection clause. the policy views of Such d judge might ignore the 16th Amend- :0% marijaana and weapons. The defen- III Ins dissent. Judge Souter warned that an activist judge ment in order to invalidate income taxes Mids to invoke the exclusionary rule the court's "middle-tier equal protection whose legal method- or dismiss the Clean Air Act as patently ir. suppress the evidence. serutiny and accompanying questions ology could well be David Souter rational and refuse to hold defendants lia. The police had used what's called a pen as VPI unanswered will provide fodder for determined by the result to be reached. ble. register (n record the telephone numbers a good many opinions." President Bush may well have found an More likely. Judge Souter will become mated by one of the drug dealers. To the Judge Souter's dissent in New Hamp- imBorkable nominee. Judge Souter has ap- Justice Souter in time for the next term of defendants argument that this was an un- shire 1'. Ballon 1984 IS strict construction- parently never written a law-review article the Supreme Court. His close analysis of reasonable search. Judge Souter did not ism at work. The state extended the period or given a memorable speech. The liberal statutes and the Constitution will put him White III to make new search-and-seizure of new committals to mental hospitals for lobbyists will have a hard time making in the conservative camp of justices. His how Instead. he ruled that unlike a wiretap riminal defendants who plead guilty by much of his opinions likeliest to attract willingness to ask whether all issues are attat ming this device to a subscriber's tele- reason of insanity. Recommittals would their attention. He has written on abortion. necessarily legal issues could help nudge phone line was not a search at all. last five years instead of two years. The but in a medical malpractice case and only the court back to its more modest practice H- dismissed the view that "any effort defendant claimed this violated the pro- to say that doctors don't have to perform of avoiding essentially political cases. It IS to gather evidence should be treated as a libition against ex post facto laws for the abortions themselves when they advise pa- a tribute to the influence of Justice Bren- search. Otherwise. he reasoned. the po- punishment of criminal offenses. tients that there may be a birth defect: In nan that even his replacement by David her would also have to get a warrant be- But Judge Souter noted that the insanity another case. he was part of a court that Souter would mean only that the new can. for they could use information given to an plea IS not an admission of a crime. In- ruled New Hampshire could prohibit homo- servative intellectual jurisprudence will be agent or informer. Judge Souter thus gave stead. the purpose of the plea IS to avoid sexuals from adopting children. but also off to a healthy infancy. Ascetic at Home but Vigorous on Bench By DAVID MARGOLICK New York Times 7/25/90 Special 10 The New York Times I'm disappointed that Brennan is WEARE, N.H., July 24 - Whenever Neighbors like Martha Knox and leaving, but Bush could have done a lawyers assess a candidate for the Nellie Perrigo, as well as college lot worse," Mr. Duggan said. "Souter United States Supreme Court, they classmates from his days at Harvard is not a blind right-wing law-and-or- generally make comparisons to 30 years ago, describe him as courte- der judge. On the other hand, he's not known judicial quantities. That is how ous, loyal, unaffected and upright. gomg to cut any breaks for criminal the lawyers of New Hampshire are defendants." "He isn't stuck up, doesn't put on describing Judge David H. Souter, Mr. Gross agreed. 'David places a any airs and is very down to earth," whom they have followed from pri- much stronger value on society's said Howard Ineson, who lives a mile need to protect itself than most civil vate practice in Concord to the State up Sugar Hill Road from the judge libertarians would like," he said. Attorney General's office to the state and has known him and his family for "What they'd better be rejoicing and Federal bench. 40 years. "They're going to have to about IS that they didn't get another Some see in Judge Souter the quirk- work very hard to find any blem- right-wing nut. This is a guy who lis- iness of Justice John Paul Stevens. ishes." tens intently to what litigants have to Others see the intellectual rigor of On the New Hampshire Supreme say." Justice Antonin Scalia, or the prag- Court, where unanimity is common- matic conservatism of Justice Lewis Bruce E. Friedman, director of the F. Powell Jr. And almost everyone place and whose spectrum runs less civil practice clinic at the Franklin reaches all the way back to the 1930's from liberal to conservative than Pierce Law Center in Concord, was for a Justice of Judge Souter's ascetic from humanistic to hyper-logical, less enthusiastic. "He's smart and style and monastic personal life: lawyers here say Judge Souter IS at diligent," Mr. Friedman said, but I Benjamin N. Cardozo. the far edge of the latter. don't think he will be a general in the If there are any qualms at all about war for a kinder, gentler America," The one Justice to whom he is For the past day, New Hampshire never compared here, either in tem- Judge Souter. It is a quiet concern residents have experienced a surge of perament or judicial philosophy, is over his circumscribed way of life. As pride as they did when two other New the one he would replace: William J. a young man he was briefly engaged Hampshire natives. Alan Shepard Brennan Jr. to the daughter of a State Superior and Christa McAuliffe, were selected Cottage Cheese and an Apple Court justice. but he never married, for the space program. New Hamp- and even his admirers wonder shire has not had a Supreme Court In this green and pleasant state, whether his solitary style has limited Justice It could call its own since Har- where lawyers number just 3,500 and his empathy or level of human under- lan Fiske Stone, in the 1940's. In Con- State Supreme Court justices just standing. cord, WKXL radio's "Party Line" five rather than the usual seven or Almost no one here purports really program, originally set aside for nine. even someone as reclusive as to understand the small, buttoned- phone calls about big-band music, de- Judge Souter cannot remain a remote voted today's show to Judge Souter, down figure who stood by awkwardly whom the moderator described as Olympian figure. as President Bush nominated him to Lawyers here can tell you what "squeakier than squeaky clean." the-nation's highest Court on Monday. kind of cars he drives (and drives and Even by the laconic standards of this drives): cheap subcompacts, most community, he is known for his reti- The Student recently a 1987 Volkswagen Golf. cence. They can tell you what he undeviat- Few, including his fellow judges, ingly eats for lunch every day (cot- have ever been inside his house, with Formal, Reserved, tage cheese and an apple); what he its peeling paint, sagging porch. and wears (his black judge's robe was lawn clogged with clover and Queen Intensely Private said to add color to his attire), and Anne's lace. Those who have say it is filled with books. By all accounts, he Judge Souter, an only child, moved how and where he lives (alone, in a is much more interested in Tennyson here with his parents at the age of 11. weatherbeaten farmhouse in this than tennis, though he likes hiking in His father, Joseph, was an official at southern New Hampshire town nine the White Mountains as much as ei- the New Hampshire Savings Bank in miles from the Supreme Court where ther. Concord. he sat for seven years). The Judge The younger Souter was a diligent They know he is intermittently and student, whose only brush with juve- nile delinquency, as one story has it, selectively gregarious, a good story- teller who displays a dry New Eng- Independence came when he was kicked out of the New Hampshire Historical Society land wit to those who really get to And Hard Work for loitering after hours. At Concord know him. He is said to do a splendid High School where he was voted imitation of former Gov. Meldrim "most literary," "most sophisticat- Thomson Jr., who named him Attor- But Judge Souter's reticence vani- ed" and "most likely to succeed." shes behind the bench. He is credited ney General, and to tell great tales The high school yearbook described with bringing a new level of fire and about Senator Warren Rudman, the him as "witty and in constant de- vigor to the once-sleepy oral argu- New Hampshire Republican who is mand" and said he enjoyed "giving ments that long characterized the his long-term political mentor and and attending scandalous parties." court. He is also widely praised for Mr. Souter entered Harvard in 1957. sponsor. his hard work, dedication, intellectual From 1961 to 1963 he attended Oxford Outside the courtroom, they say, he acuity and independence. "Souter University on a Rhodes Scholarship, can cast aside judicial rigor for a does not carry this huge cargo of studying law and philosophy. He then ideological precommitments that measure of personal warmth. Each moved to Harvard Law School, where seems to have been a qualification for he did well but did not make the Law Sunday he walks the same elderly everyone who's been appointed to the Review. woman home from St. Andrew's Supreme Court for the last 10 years," When he graduated from Harvard Episcopal Church in Hopkinton, said Martin L. Gross. a lawyer in Con- College in 1961, several classmates where he is a vestryman, and each cord. came up with the perfect idea for a Sunday he visits his mother at a Con- James E. Duggan, a professor at gift: a scrapbook filled with imagi- Franklin Pierce Law Center in Con- cord nursing home each Sunday. He nary news stories about the blazing cord who has often argued before offered money to help rebuild a career everyone foresaw for him. In him. described Judge Souter as "very friend's barn after it burned down. the book, someone pasted the head- conservative, but with a streak of line "David Souter Nominated to the Yankee independence that makes Supreme Court." him somewhat unpredictable." 'Mr. Justice Souter' Pg. NEW YORK TIMES 7/25/90 It was a joke that said much about At Oxford, Mr. Souter was very pa- his classmates' affection for him, and Rudman's tutelage. "They were the triotic, deeply offended at anti-Amer- about his single-mindedness. "All two sides of a perfect public person: ican remarks, Dr. Levine said, add- David ever wanted to be was a Warren Rudman was gregarious and ing: "He's always wanted to be a de- judge," said the Rev. John L. great on his feet, and David Souter fender of America and American McCausland, an Episcopal minister more thoughtful, careful." said values. That's why he went into law." who was one of his closest friends at Charles Leahy of Concord. a friend of Harvard College and Harvard Law Influence of an Aunt Judge Souter's. "It was a chemical. School. He said Mr. Souter's friends intellectual and emotional match." Mr. Souter was profoundly influ- used to call him "Mr. Justice Souter." In 1976 Governor Thomson named enced by an aunt, Harriet Bartlett. But just three weeks ago, when Mr. Mr. Souter Attorney General. and who was a pioneer in medical social McCausland called Judge Souter to during his two-year stint he took sev- work. "She had a combination of congratulate him on being confirmed eral controversial stands, often at being politically and socially conser- to an appellate court seat in Boston vative, but she fulfilled liberal Mr. Thomson's behest. He urged. for instance, that demonstrators ar- and jokingly asked if this would just causes," Dr. Levine said. rested at the Seabrook nuclear power be a steppingstone to the Supreme Dr. Levine said he thought Mr. Court, he said the judge replied: "No. Souter had modeled himself on her. plant be given more than suspended. sentences. He also argued. unsuccess- There's no chance I'll be nominated. and added that she might be the fully. that It was constitutionally per- because I come from a politically in- source of his interest in medicine and missible to fly the American flag at significant state." hospitals: for 13 years he served as a half staff on Good Friday and that As an undergraduate, Mr. Souter trustee of Concord Hospital in New New Hampshire could force residents was fascinated by Justice Oliver Hampshire, 6 of them as president. to use "Live Free or Die" license Wendell Holmes. and though he ma- Mr. Souter's old friends took a turn plates on their cars. jored in philosophy, he wrote his sen- at guessing what kind of Supreme Mr. Thomson named him to the Su- for honors thesis about Holmes's judi- Court Justice he might be. Mr. perior Court in 1978. Five years later cial positivism. Mr. McCausland re- McCausland. who was a lawyer in his successor. Gov. John H. Sununu. called an evening meeting at Lowell Chicago before he became a minister, elevated him to the Supreme Court to House at which Mr. Souter read his predicted that his friend would be replace Maurice Bois, who had re- thesis. "It was very technical and "very conservative as a Justice. but tired. "I think when I'm old and gray, erudite." Mr. McCausland said, but my feeling IS he is the kind of conser- people will say 'This is one of the what struck him was that it examined vative who can fool the people who greatest things you did as Gover- Holmes's belief that a judge should appointed him." nor, Mr. Sununu said at Judge Sout- not act out of political persuasion. or "He's extraordinarily honorable er's swearing-in ceremony. ideology. and thoughtful and intelligent." Mr. Over the next seven years. he be- A Book of Common Prayer McCausland added. "He would be came known for writing forceful but Mr. Souter's father was a loan offi- technically conservative, but not increasingly long and complex opin- cer in a savings bank in Concord. N.H. ideologically conservative, not like a ions. "He has a tendency to disclose The family didn't have a lot of money. Scalia. compulsively every twist and turn in Mr. McCausland said. and so David "He might well continue to be a his reasoning," Mr. Gross said. It is swing vote. He is not a crusader for an odd fate for someone who, as At- Souter went to Concord High School, any cause." torney General, handed out copies of not to a prep school. Mr. Souter was deeply religious, Strunk and White's manual on Eng- Mr. McCausland and other longtime Dr. Levine also said he thought lish usage to lawyers working for friends recalled. The Episcopal priest Judge Souter might prove to be a sur- him. said he was amused by Judge Sout- prise on the Court. "I've always be- lieved he is more liberal than he al- er's preference for the 1928 Episcopal prayer book, rather than the updated lows in public," he said. "He is very 1970's book, which dropped the use of conservative, but part of that is pre- words like thee and thou. serving an image of old American David Eisenberg, another Harvard values. On the humanistic side, he is classmate who was a Rhodes scholar very compassionate." with Mr. Souter, recalled that Mr. Souter was one of the few Rhodes scholars who attended chapel and The Legal Mind took communion. Professor Eisenberg, who teaches Conservative, molecular biology at the University of California at Los Angeles, recalled But What Else? Mr. Souter as somewhat reclusive and bookish. "At every break, the rest of us would take off for the conti- nent, to get away from the English After law school, Mr. Souter re- cold and to explore," he said. "But turned to Concord, a move that sur- David always just stayed at Oxford." prised some who had expected him to Like other friends, Mr. Eisenberg settle in a more distant and exotic described Judge Souter as "an excel- place. He joined the Concord law firm lent conversationalist, great fun to Orr & Reno, where he spent two un- have dinner with, but formal, re- happy years. In 1971 he became a served and intensely private." Deputy State Attorney General. He added, "I think he is rather an He remained in that office for the old-fashioned kind of person, with next 12 years, much of it under Mr. strong values and principles." Other old friends used similar terms. Dr. Melvin Levine, another former Rhodes scholar, said Mr. Souter, his close friend at Oxford, was "in the 18th-century mold." He has "magnificent handwriting that looks like calligraphy," and is courtly and unfailingly polite, said Dr. Levine, who is now a professor of pediatrics at the University of North Carolina Medical School in Chapel Hill. THE NEW YORK TIMES, FRIDAY, JULY 27, 1990 ABRCAD AT HOME Anthony Lewis He was respectful of the past He natieved in stare decises. the principle that precedent should ordinarily be followed, and he accepted rules. once Models established. from which he had earlier dissented. But his mind was open to fresh applications of the Con- stitution to meet new threats. For a When the Supreme Court first con- sidered a Connecticut law against the use of contraceptives, in 1961. Justice Justice Harlan saw the-law as a violation of the liberty guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. The state, he said. was introding on "the most intimate de- talls of the marital relation with the S enator Warren Rudman of New full power of the criminal law." Hampshire was asked the other Justice Harlan had been a Wall day whether Judge David Street lawyer. and he was a thorough Souter especially admired any past gentleman. But he had the rare em- members of the Supreme Court. pathic ability to see issues from the Senator Rudman said he thought the viewpoint of others with different Souter favorites were Justices Oliver backgrounds and different premises. Wendell Holmes Jr and John Mar. LA 1971. during the Viemam War. shall Harlan the younger the Court considered the case of a If that IS so - and as a close friend young man convicted of disturbing Senator Rudman should know - It IS the geace when he wore a sweatshirt an extremely interesting answer It bearing an obscenity against the does not tell what everyone in wasn- draft Justice Harlan would no doubt ington IS panting to know how Judge have been outraged. personally. at Souter would vote on this issue or that such behavior. But he wrote the opin- as a member of the Court But It gives ion reversing the conviction. intriguing insight into how he may see the job. The constitutional right of free ex- Justice Holmes. who served from pression IS powerful medicine in a 1902 to 1932, generally believed in society as diverse and populous as judicial deference to legislative ours,' he said. choices. When the Court tried to stop ""It IS designed and intended to re- economic reforms. for example when move governmental restraints from it held restrictions on child labor un- the ena of public discussion. putting constitutional. he wrote eloquent dis- chadecision as to what views shall be sents. He thought that democracy voiced largely into the hands of each meant that majorities must usually of us. in the hope that use of such free- have their way - but not when It dom will ultimately produce a more came to freedom of speech. capable citizenry and more perfect "If there IS any principle of the Con- polity and in the belief that no other stitution that more imperatively calls approach would comport with the for attachment than any other." premise of individual dignity and Holmes wrote in 1929, "II IS the princi- choice upon which our political sys- me of free thought - not free thought tem rests." for those who agree with us but free- Judge Souter IS described as a con- dom for the thought that we hate. servative. But indications are that he He was dissenting there from a deci- comes to this great appointment with sion that denied American citizenship nondeological agenda: no list of legal to a woman because she was a pacifist wrongs he IS determined to right. and said she would not bear arms to in Washington both conservatives defend the Constitution. A later Court and liberais seem discontented with overruled the decision and came to that They want to make him register Holmes's view of free speech. has. votes in advance: for a constitu- Justice Harlan served from 1955 to tional right to abortion or against, for 1971. For many of us who knew the affirmative action or against. I think thests a terrible idea. Requiring a nominee to fill out a Harlan and scorecard on particular issues would be contemptuous of the Court and of the judicial process. It would tell a Holmes may judge that he must make up his mind before hearing the facts and argu- shape Judge ments in a particular case. It would reduce the Supreme Court to sheer Souter's politics and wound an institution on which all of us ultimately depend for approach. our freedom. Court in that period, he is a model of what 3 Supreme Court justice should be. That IS not because he reached re- swits that always pleased us - far from It - but because of his crafts- manship and the way he committed himself to deciding cases. He had no agenda. He did not go into a case with certainty about how It should come out. He struggled to be disinterested. That did not mean un- concerned: he cared deeply. It meant that he tried genuinely to understand both sides of the argument. THE WASHINGTON POST 7/26/90 MARY McGRORY Nice Guy With Powerful Friends he nouns about Judge David H. Bush announced the choice. Rudman T Souter are sparse: Yankee. took the shocked nominee to the Senate bacheior. intellectual. Phi Beta Dining Room for supper and put him up Kappa. Rhodes scholar. in his Capitol Hill apartment. mountain-climber. skinflint. Rudman has pushed Souter since The adjectives are somewhat more 1977. when the 1968 Harvard law promising: shy, brilliant. thoughtful. graduate came to then-New Hampshire considerate. witty, pleasant. measured. attorney general Rudman and dazzied the courteous. boss with his prose-"scintillating, Hordes of reporters are climbing magnetic. revealing." He made Souter through the lovely hills of New his deputy. When Rudman moved on. Hampshire in search of the man. then-Gov. Meldrin Thomson made Here. two questions hover. Who got Souter attorney general. him the job? And should he be required to In 1983. Rudman told the newly tell his views on questions of the day? elected governor. Sununu, that the only The importunate White House Chief thing he wanted for his help was a seat of Staff John H. Sununu is taking bows on the Supreme Court for Souter. for the appointment and signaling to the Rudman IS expected to shepherd right wing that they need have no fears. Souter's nomination safely On the other hand. Sen. Warren G. through-while Sununu continues to Rudman (R-N.H.) is saying. "He's my wink at the right and assure them that guy. Sununu being chief of staff of the the justice-designate will not be a White House helped make it happen, "judicial activist"-a term that means but I spotted Souter 20 years ago and he won't hand down decisions that will I'm the one who promoted him." upset Newt Gingrich (R-Ga.). The question of his sponsorship The administration is acting as if it matters in the Senate. Most of the would be unthinkable for anyone to ask members assumed that Sununu was the Souter his views on burning social driving force behind the choice, since questions, such as abortion. The Souter and Sununu are both from New president. when asked if he had asked Hampshire and the chief of staff has Souter how he felt about Roe 0 Wade assumed control of so many aspects of said, in effect. of course not, you cur. White House activity. The president's men are hinting that Sununu is controversial on Capitol Hill. it is unconstitutional to raise the issues It is not just his militant conservatism with a man who could decide how they that raise hackles; it is the suspicion that will be dealt with for the next 30 years. the co-presidency that was briefly floated The usually uninhibited Howard M. at the 1976 GOP convention, when Metzenbaum (D-Ohio), of the Judiciary Gerald R. Ford considered picking Committee, said he thought it would be Ronald Reagan, has come to pass. "inappropriate" to inquire. Sununu's fingerprints are on the levers Some people are saying that Bush from Moscow to Massachusetts. pulled a fast one by naming a cipher with Sen. Dale Bumpers (D-Ark.) spoke for no written opinions. That is a minority just about everybody when he told the view. Senators can, if they want to, hear Arkansas Gazette last weekend that he raves about Souter from Democrats such thought Sununu "would probably get his as Paul McEachern. who was twice way" in Bush's first Supreme Court pick. defeated for governor by Sununu and But Rudman, a popular, pragmatic regards Souter as "an honorable man" middle-of-the-road second-termer, says who appears in court so prepared, other he proposed Souter long before Sununu judges listen to his every word. ever thought of him. In 1987, he told Gerald L. Baliles, a former Howard Baker. then the White House Democratic governor of Virginia, also is chief of staff, that Souter was Supreme a fan. He and Souter worked together Court caliber. Reagan chose Anthony as deputy attorney generals on Atlantic M. Kennedy instead. In 1990, Souter. seaboard questions. Baliles found him to with a push from Rudman. was be "without a trace of ideology." unanimously confirmed for the 1st Even Renny Cushing, a veteran of the Circuit Court of Appeals. Clamshell Alliance who was arrested in Last Sunday, when Souter was Seabrook demonstrations and sent to jail summoned to the White House. he at Souter's insistence, thinks well of him. called Rudman. The senator picked him The judge in the case suspended up, drove him to the airport, gave him sentences but Souter. as the attorney cash, gave him advice: "When you talk general. dashed to court and begged for- to Bush. give him those legal jail time for the protesters. Souter, says pyrotechnics of yours." Monday after Cushing, is "basically a nice person."