Ask the Scholar

Document scope · 1 page
doc
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory. For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.

Scholar Source Context

Document identity
localId
1515934
label
Revenue Sharing - Votes in 1972
core
doc
dtoType
document
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
1515934
contentType
document
title
Revenue Sharing - Votes in 1972
collections
James M. Cannon Files (Ford Administration)
James Cannon's Issues Files
subjects
Legislation
Revenue sharing
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
1515934
coverageEndDate
logicalDate
1972-10-31
month
10
year
1972
coverageStartDate
logicalDate
1972-06-01
month
6
year
1972
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
94d7bbedeb432db0
ocrText
The original documents are located in Box 31, folder "Revenue Sharing - Votes in 1972" of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 31 of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT D.C. House passage of Revenue Sharing. H.R. 14370. Vote Number 147. CQ vote 146 is Motion to recommit FORD CQ House Votes 146-152 GERALD LIBRAR - KEY - 146 147 148T) 149T 150T 151T 152 146 147 148T 1491 1507 151T 152 146 147 1481 149T 150T 1517 152 Y Record vote for (yea). Paired for. # Announced for. 4 McKinney N / N N N N N Y KANSAS 8 O'Neill NV Y N N # CQ poll for. 5 Monagan YNYNNNY 1 Sebelius YN N N 9 Hicks NYYYNNY N Record vote against (nay). 6 Grasso NY 2 Roy YN Z 10 Heckler NYNYNYY X Paired against. DELAWARE 3 Winn NYNYNNY 11 Burke NYYNNYY Announced against. AL DuPont YYNYNNY 4 Shriver NYNYNNY 12 Keith N?????? . CQ poll against. FLORIDA 5 Skubitz YY MICHIGAN ? Not voting, voted "present," did 1 Sikes YN N N KENTUCKY 1 Conyers NY N not announce or answer poll. 2 Fuqua 1 Stubblefield N Y N N N 2 Esch T Recorded teller vote. 3 Bennett Y N N N 2 Natcher YYNNNNY 3 Brown YYNNNY 4 Chappell Y N Z N 3 Mazzoli Y Y Z 4 YN N Y N 146 147 148T 1491 150T 151T 152 5 Frey Y N N N 4 Snyder YN Y 5 Ford NYNNNIY 6 Gibbons Y N Z N 5 Carter NYNN?NY 6 Chamberlain N Y N N N 7 Haley Y N N 6 Curlin NY78??? 7 Riegle NY ? ALABAMA 8 Young Y N N 7 Perkins NYNNNN 8 Harvey Y Y ? N I Edwards YYN N N N Y 9 Rogers N N N LOUISIANA 9 Vander Jagt NYNNNIA 2 YYN Y 10 Burke ?? 1 Hebert N Y 10 Cederberg YY N N N a 3 Andrews, E. ? ? 11 Pepper NY 2 Boggs NYNNNNT 11 Ruppe NYNYNE 4 Nichols NYN N 12 Fascell NYYNYYY 3 Caffery N Y Z 12 O'Hara NY ? 5 Flowers YYNNNNY GEORGIA 4 Waggonner YN N N 13 Diggs Y 6 NYN Z N Y 1 Hagan ?? 5 Passman YN N N N 14 Nedzi N Y N 7 Bevill NY 2 Mathis YNNN 6 Rarick YNNYYYI 15 Ford N Y N 8 Jones YN Z 3 Brinkley Y Y 7 Vacancy 16 Dingell N Y N ALASKA 4 Blackburn YNNNN# 8 Long Y 17 Griffiths N Y ? AL Begich N Y Y Y Y 5 Thompson NY MAINE 18 Broomfield NY ARIZONA 6 Flynt YN N 1 Kyros NYYNYYY 19 NYNNIH I Rhodes NY N N Y 7 Davis NY N 2 NYYNNNY MINNESOTA 2 Udall NY 8 Stuckey Y N MARYLAND I Quie NYNYMMY 3 Steiger NY Y 9 Landrum NY I Mills NYNNNN 2 Nelsen NY ARKANSAS 10 Stephens NY 2 Long YN Y Y 3 Frenzel N Y 1 Alexander YN Y Y HAWAII 3 Garmatz NY ? N N N 4 Karth N Y z 2 Mills NY ? ? 1 Matsunaga NYNNNN 4 Sarbanes NY N Y 5 Fraser NY 3 Hammerschmidt Y N 7 7 2 Mink NYYNY 5 Hogan NYN Z 6 Zwach NY ? 4 Pryor ?? IDAHO 6 Byron NNYYNN 7 Bergland NY N CALIFORNIA 1 McClure 7 Mitchell 8 Blatnik X ? I Clausen NY ? 2 Hansen NNNNN N 8 Gude N Y NN N MISSISSIPPI 2 Johnson N Y Z ILLINOIS MASSACHUSETTS 1 Abernethy 3 Moss Y N Y 1 Metcalfe 1 Conte NYN N Z 2 Whitten YNNNNMY 4 Leggett NY ? 2 Mikva NYYNNN 2 Boland NY 3 Griffin YNN N N 5 Burton YN Z Z 3 Murphy, M. NY 3 Drinan NYYN Y 4 Montgomery YNN 6 Mailliard # 4 Derwinski Y Y N 4 Donohue NY N . 5 Colmer YN ? 1 7 Dellums NY Z Y 5 NY 5 Vacancy MISSOURI 8 Miller NY 6 Collins NY N 6 Harrington NY Y N Y 1 Clay NY ? 9 Edwards NY Z Y 7 Annunzio N Y N 7 NYY N 2 Symington NY N 10 Gubser N Y Z z 8 Rostenkowski N Y N N 11 McCloskey NY 9 Yates N Y N 12 Talcott N Y N N 10 Collier NYNYNNY 13 Teague NY 11 Pucinski N Y N 14 Waldie X 12 McClory NYNYNK 15 McFall YN 13 Crane YN N 16 Sisk YN N N 14 Erlenborn # 17 Anderson NY 15 Carlson NYNNNNY 18 Mathias N 16 Anderson 146. HR 14370. Revenue Sharing With the States NYN N Y N N 19 Holifield 17 Arends N Y N Byrnes (R Wis.) motion to recommit the bill (vote 147, below) YN N 20 Smith YN 18 Michel Y N N to the Ways and Means Committee with instructions to report. 21 Hawkins NY ? 19 Railsback N Y it back after deleting retroactive payment of $2.65-billion 22 Corman YN 20 Findley Y N for fiscal year 1972. Rejected 157-241: R 61-104; D 96-137 (ND 23 Clauson YN 21 Gray N Y N N 24 Rousselot YN 22 Springer NYNNNNY 43-113; SD 53-24), June 22, 1972. A "nay" was a vote supporting 25 Wiggins YY N 23 Shipley NYNNNN the President's position. 26 Rees Y N Z 24 Price NY N 27 Goldwater N INDIANA 147. HR 14370. Revenue Sharing With the States. YN N 28 Bell NY Z 1 Madden N Y Passage of the bill providing assistance payments totaling 29 Danielson NY 2 Y N N N $29.6-billion over five years to states and to local governments 30 Roybal YNNNNN 3 Brademas Y N N for high-priority expenditures, encouraging states to broaden 31 Wilson NY 4 Roush N Y N their tax systems and authorizing federal collection of state 32 Hosmer #YNYNN 5 Hillis NYNNNN 6 Bray Y N personal income taxes. Passed 275-122: R 122-42; D 153-80 (ND 33 Pettis . 1 # N N 34 Hanna Y Y 7 Myers YN N 124-32; SD 29-48), June 22, 1972. A "yea" was a vote supporting 35 Schmitz 8 Zion N Y N the President's position. 36 Wilson NYNYNN 9 N Y 37 Van Deerlin Y N N 10 Dennis Y N N 148(T). HR 15585. Treasury Department-Postal Ser- 38 Veysey NYNYN 11 Jacobs YN vice Appropriations, Fiscal 1973. Macdonald (D Mass.) COLORADO IOWA amendment decreasing by $2-million, to $1-million from $3- 1 McKevitt NY 1 Schwengel N Y million, funds for salaries and expenses of the Office of Tele- 2 Brotzman NYNYN N 2 Culver N Z 3 Gross communications Policy. Rejected by recorded teller vote 148- 3 Evans ? YN 4 Aspinall YN Z Z 4 Kyl YY N 188: R 7-140; D 141-48 (ND 112-15; SD 29-33), June 22. 1972. CONNECTICUT 5 Smith Y Y N 1 Cotter NY z 6 Mayne 149(T) HR 15585. Treasury Department-Postal Ser- NY 2 Steele NYN Y 7 Scherle YN vice Appropriations, Fiscal 1973. Gross R Iowa) amendment 3 Giaimo NX z deleting all funds in the bill ($100,000) for the salaries and expenses of the Commission on Executive, Legislative and Democrats Republicans 46-H-1972 CQ ALMANAC Corresponding to Congressional Record roll-call votes 219, 220, 222(T), 223(T), 224(T), 225(T), 226 146 147 148T 149T. 150T 151T 152 146 147 148T 149T 150T 151T 152 146 147 148T 1491 150T 151T 152 146 147 1487 149T 150T 151T 152 3 Sullivan NY 4 Wydler N Y 6 Preyer NY 5 Gettys YN N N Y 4 Randall YYN N Y N 5 Lent NY Z 7 Lennon YN 6 McMillan X 5 Bolling YN # 6 Halpern NYN N 8 Ruth NY SOUTH DAKOTA 6 Hull YN N N N N #: 7 N Y 9 Jonas YN 1 Denholm YN Y Y 7 Hall YNN Y N N 8 Rosenthal NY 10 Broyhill NY 2 Abourezk YN N Y Y 8 Ichord Y Y ? ? ? 9 Delaney N Y N 11 Taylor NY TENNESSEE 9 Hungate Y Y Y 10 Celler NY NORTH DAKOTA I Quillen N Y N N N Y 10 Burlison NYN N N N 11 Brasco N Y 1 Andrews X 2 Duncan NYN N Y Y MONTANA 12 Chisholm N Y 2 Link NY 3 Baker Y N ? I Shoup YNN N Z 13 Podell N Y OHIO 4 Evins NY Y 2 Melcher NYYN Y N 14 Rooney N Y N N / Keating NYN 5 Fulton NY NEBRASKA 15 Carey N Y 2 Clancy YN N 6 Anderson NY ? ? I Thone N Y Z Y Y 16 Murphy N Y 3 Whalen NY N Z 7 Blanton ?? ? 2 N Y N N N 17 Koch N Y 4 McCulloch Y Y N 8 Jones YN N N Y 3 Martin YNN N 18 Rangel N Y N 5 Latta NY N N 9 Kuykendall NYN NEVADA 19 Abzug N Y N 6 Harsha NY TEXAS AL Baring YNN 20 Ryan N Y 7 Brown Y Y N 1 Patman NN NEW HAMPSHIRE 21 Badillo N Y N 8 Betts NY 2 Dowdy X ? I Wyman NY N N 22 Scheuer N Y 9 Ashley Y N 3 Collins YYN N 2 Cleveland NY N 23 Bingham N Y 10 Miller N Y N 4 Roberts YN N N Y NEW JERSEY 24 Biaggi N Y N 11 Stanton YY 5 Cabell YN N 7 Y I Hunt NYN N 25 Peyser N Y N 12 Devine YN 6 Teague YN ? 2 Sandman YNN N N 26 Reid N Y N N 13 Mosher . ? 7 Archer YN N Y Y 3 Howard NY N 27 Dow N Y N 14 Seiberling NY 8 Eckhardt Y Y Y Y 4 Thompson X 28 Fish N Y N 15 Wylie N Y 9 Brooks Y N 7 Y 5 Frelinghuysen N Y N N N 29 Stratton NY 16 Bou Y Y 10 Pickle Y N N Y 6 Forsythe NY N N 30 King NY N N N 17 Ashbrook Y N Y 11 Poage YN N Y 7 Widnall N Y 31 McEuen NY N N 18 Hays Y Y Y z 12 Wright Y N Y 8 Roe N Y N 32 Pirnie NY ? 19 Carney NY 13 Purcell Y N Y 9 Helstoski N Y N 33 Robison NY N 20 Stanton NY Y 14 Young YNN Y 10 Rodino N Y 34 Terry NYN N 21 Stokes NY 15 de la Garza YN N Y Y 11 Minish N Y 35 Hanley NY 22 Vanik Y Y 16 White YN 7 Y 12 Duyer NY 36 Horton NY N N 23 Minshall NY 17 Burleson YN N N 7 Y 13 Gallagher ? ? 37 Conable NY N N 24 Powell YN N N 18 Price YN Y Y 14 Daniels NY 38 Hastings N Y N OKLAHOMA 19 Mahon YN N Z N 7 Y 15 Patten YYN 39 Kemp N Y N I Belcher ? ? 20 Gonzalez YN Z Y Y NEW MEXICO 40 Smith NY N 2 Edmondson Y N N 21. Fisher YNN N 7 Y 1 Lujan ?X 41 Dulski NY N 3 Albert N N 22 Casey YN N N Y 2 Runnels YN NORTH CAROLINA 4 Steed NN N N N 23 Kazen YN Z Y Y NEW YORK 1 Jones YN 5 Jarman NY N N N Y UTAH 1 Pike YN N 2 Fountain YY 6 Camp YN N Y 1 McKay YN N Y 2 Grover NY N N 3 Henderson YN Y OREGON 2 Lloyd NYN Z Y 3 Wolff NY 4 Galifianakis NY Y I Wyatt N Y Y VERMONT 5 Mizell NYN Y N N 2 Ullman N Y Y N Y Y AL Mallary YN N Y 3 Green YN Y Z # VIRGINIA 4 Dellenback Y Y ? 1 Downing YN z PENNSYLVANIA 2 Whitehurst NYN Z N Y 1 Barrett N Y Y 3 YN N N N Y 2 Nix N Y N Y N Y 4 Abbitt Y N ? ? 3 Byrne ? ? 5 Daniel YN N Y 4 Eilberg N Y N Y Y 6 Poff NY 5 Green N Y N Y Y 7 Robinson YN N N Judicial Salaries. Rejected by recorded teller vote 135-196: R 6 Yatron # 8 Scott YN N N Y 92-49; D 43-147 (ND 20-111; SD 23-36), June 22, 1972. 7 Williams N Y N N Y 9 Wampler NYN N z 8 Biester N Y N Y 10 Broyhill YN N Z 150(T). HR 15585. Treasury Department-Postal Ser- 9 Ware N Y N N Y WASHINGTON vice Appropriations, Fiscal 1973. Udall (D Ariz.) amend- 10 McDade N Y N Y I Pelly # # 11 Flood Y Y N Y 2 Meeds ment limiting salary expenses for employees of the Executive YN 7 12 Whalley Y Y N 3 Hansen NY Office of the President to $29,737,760 and setting a personnel 13 Coughlin N Y N 4 McCormack X ceiling of 1,647 employees. Rejected by recorded teller vote 14 Moorhead Y Y Y Y 5 Foley- NYYNNN 122-210: R 11-133; D 111-77 (ND 84-40; SD 27-37), June 22, 15 Rooney N Y Y Y 6 Hicks NY Y 1972. 16 Eshleman N Y Z Z Y 7 Adams YN N 17 Schneebeli YN Z N Y WEST VIRGINIA 18 Heinz N Y N z Y 1 Mollohan N Y N 151(T) HR 15585. Treasury Department-Postal Ser- 19 Goodling Y N N Z Y 2 Staggers Y N vice Appropriations, Fiscal 1973. Jacobs (D Ind.) amendment 20 Gaydos N Y Y Y Y Y 3 Slack YN Z N z prohibiting the use of funds for the purchase or lease of chauf- 21 Dent Y Y Y z z Y Y 4 Hechler YN feurs or limousines for the use of any person other than the 22 Saylor Y N Y N Y Y 5 Kee NY 23 Johnson Y Y 4 N z Y WISCONSIN President, cabinet members and employees of the Executive 24 Vigorito Y N Y Z Z Y 1 Aspin NY Office of the President. Rejected by recorded teller vote 25 Clark Y Y Y Y N Y 2 Kastenmeier N Y 121-205: R 30-116; D 91-89 (ND 71-49; SD 20-40), June 22, 1972. 26 Morgan N Y Y z N Y 3 Thomson NY N N 27 Conover N Y N Z Y 4 Zablocki N Y z 152. HR 15585. Treasury Department-Postal Service RHODE ISLAND 5 Reuss N Y 1 St Germain X Y ? ? Appropriations, Fiscal 1973. Passage of the bill appropriating 6 Steiger Y Y N N z 2 Tiernan NYYNYYY 7 Obey NY $5,057,145,000 for the Treasury Department ($1,675,977,000), SOUTH CAROLINA 8 Byrnes YN N N z the U.S. Postal Service ($1,410,000,000), the Executive Office 1 Davis X ? ? 9 Davis YN N N of the President ($179,446,000) and other independent agencies 2 Spence Y Y 7 N N Y 10 O'Konski NY N ($1,791,722,000) for fiscal year 1973. Passed 322-11: R 143-6; 3 Dorn N Y 7 N z Y WYOMING 4 Mann Y Y z N Y Y AL Roncalio D 179-5 (ND 120-2; SD 59-3), June 22, 1972. N Y Y 1972 CQ ALMANAC-47-H OFFICE OF THE VICE president WASHINGTON, D.C. JIM: Enclosed are CQ votes on Revenue Sharing. House and Senate votes on final passage and House Rule maggie (don't you remember - final passage -- Agnes struck and we all had dinner at Sans Souci) WASHINGTON, D.C. House vote on Conference Report on Revenue Sharing CQ vote 308. House recedes from disagreements to Senate amendments CO vote 309 CQ House Votes 303-309 - KEY - 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 COC 304 305 306 307 308 309 Y Record vote for (yea). Paired for. # Announced for. 4 McKinney Y Y Y KANSAS 8 O'Neill ? Y Y Y # CQ poll for. 5 Monagan Y X # / Sebelius N N Y Y 9 Hicks Y Y Y Y N Record vote against (nay). 6 Grasso Y Y Y 2 Roy N Y 10 Heckler Y Y Y N X Paired against. DELAWARE 3 Winn Y Y 11 Burke Y Y Y Announced against. AL DuPont Y Y Y 4 Shriver Y Y 12 Keith Y Y Y . CQ poll against. FLORIDA 5 Skubitz Y Y MICHIGAN ? Not voting, voted "present," did 1 Sikes N Y KENTUCKY 1 Y N Y N not announce or answer poll. 2 Fuqua N Y Z Y 1 Stubblefield Y Y 2 Esch N Y Y Y T Recorded teller vote. 3 Bennett Y N Y 2 Natcher Y Y 3 Brown Y Y Y 4 Chappell N N Y 3 Mazzoli N Y Y 4 Hutchinson N N Y 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 5 Frey N Y Y 4 Snyder N N Y 5 Ford Y Y 6 Gibbons Y N Y 5 Carter Z Y Y 6 Chamberlain Y Y 7 Haley ? X ? 6 Curlin Y Y 7 Riegle N Y N ALABAMA 8 Young N N Y 7 Perkins Y N 8 Harvey Y ? 1 Edwards Y 9 Rogers N N Y LOUISIANA Y Y 9 Vander Jagt N Y # 2 Dickinson 10 Burke YYY N N Y 1 Hebert N N ? N 10 Cederberg N Y Y 3 Andrews E. Y N 11 Pepper Y Y N N Y 2 Boggs Y Y 11 Ruppe N Y # 4 Nichols # 12 Fascell Y Y 3 Caffery ? ? 12 O'Hara N Y Y 5 Flowers GEORGIA 7 Y Y Y 4 Waggonner N N N Y 13 Diggs Y N 6 Buchanan 1 Hagan N Y 5 Passman Y N Y 14 Nedzi Y N N Y Y 7 Bevill 2 Mathis Z Y Y Y N NN 6 Rarick N z Z Y 15 Ford N Y Y 8 Jones 3 Brinkley N N N 7 Breaux YNY Y Y 16 Dingell Y Y ALASKA 4 Blackburn X # 8 Long Y Y 17 Griffiths N N Y AL Begich YNN 5 Thompson N ? MAINE 18 Broomfield N Y ARIZONA 6 Flynt N N Y 1 Kyros Y N 19 McDonald Y ? 1 Rhodes 7 Davis Z Y Y Y ? N Y 2 Hathaway Y N MINNESOTA 2 Udall 8 Stuckey N Y MARYLAND Y N Y I Quie N Y 3 Steiger 9 Landrum Y I Mills ? ? Y Y Y 2 Nelsen YY ARKANSAS 10 Stephens Y Y 2 Long N N N Y 3 Frenzel N Y Y 1 Alexander HAWAII 3 Garmatz Y N Y N Y Y 4 Karth Y Y 2 Mills N Y Y Y 1 Matsunaga # 4 Sarbanes Y N 5 Fraser Y Y Y N 5 Hogan Y Y 6 Zwach FORD N Y N 3 Hammerschmidt 2 Mink N N Y Z Y Y 4 Pryor IDAHO Y Y Y 6 Byron N Z Y 7 Bergland Y Y CALIFORNIA 1 McClure ? ? 7 Mitchell N Y N 8 Blatnik Y Y 1 Clausen 2 Hansen Y Y Y 8 Gude Y Y Y N MISSISSIPPI 2 Johnson ILLINOIS MASSACHUSETTS N Y Y 1 Y N Y 3 Moss 1 Metcalfe Y N I Conte Y N N Y Y 2 Whitten N N Y 4 Leggett 2 Mikva Y Y 2 Boland Y Y Z Y Y 3 Griffin N N Y 5 Burton Y 3 Murphy, M. Y Y 3 Drinan N N Y- Y 4 Montgomery NN 6 Mailliard 4 Derwinski Y Y 4 Donohue Y Y Y Y 5 Colmer N Y 7 Dellums Y N 5 Kluczynski Y Y 5 Vacancy MISSOURI 8 Miller 6 Collins Y Y Y N 6 Harrington Y N 1 Clay ? 9 Edwards 7 Annunzio Y N Y Y 7 Macdonald N Z N Y Y 2 Symington Y 10 Gubser 8 Rostenkowski Y Y N Y Y 11 McCloskey 9 Yates Y Y N Y N * John B. Breaux (D) sworn in Oct. 12 12 Talcott Y Y 10 Collier N Y 13 Teague 11 Pucinski Y Y Y ? 14 Waldie Y N 12 McClory N Y 13 Crane 303 HR 16924. Military Pay. Passage of the bill autho- 15 McFall N N X ? 16 Sisk 14 Erlenborn N N Y Y rizing additional incentive pay and additional enlistment and 17 Anderson Y N 15 Carlson 7 Y Y re-enlistment bonuses for certain specialized military personnel 18 Mathias ? Y Y 16 Anderson Y Y ranging from doctors and dentists to persons qualified in the 19 Holifield N N 17 Arends Y Y nuclear submarine service. Passed 337-35: R 157-1; D 180-34 20 Smith N N Y 18 Michel N Y 19 Railsback (ND 109-28; SD 71-6), Oct. 11, 1972. A "yea" was a vote sup- 21 Hawkins N Y Y 22 Corman 20 Findley z Z Y porting the President's position. N N 23 Clauson N Y 21 Gray Y Y 24 Rousselot X Y 22 Springer Y Y 304. HR 16724. D. C. Bus Acquisition. Cabell (D Texas) 25 Wiggins Y Y 23 Shipley Y Y motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill authorizing the 26 Rees N N 24 Price Y N N Y INDIANA Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority to acquire 27 Goldwater 28 Bell ? 1 Madden Y N four private bus lines in the metropolitan area. Failed 226- 29 Danielson Y N 2 Landgrebe Y N Y 129: R 71-80; D 155-49 (ND 105-25; SD 50-24), Oct. 11, 1972. 30 Roybal 3 Brademas N 7 N N N A two-thirds majority vote (237 in this case) is required for 31 Wilson Y 4 Roush Z Y N Y N passage under suspension of the rules. (The House subsequently 32 Hosmer Y Y 5 Hillis Y Y Y voted to suspend the rules and adopt a similar bill already 33 Pettis Y Y Y 6 Bray Y Y 34 Hanna Y ? 7 Myers N Y passed by the Senate. 35 Schmitz ? X ? 8 Zion Y Y 36 Wilson Z 7 Y Y 9 Hamilton Z Y Y 305. HR 6482. Strip Mining. Edmondson (D Okla.) mo- 37 Van Deerlin Z 10 Dennis Y N N Y tion to suspend the rules and pass the bill providing for federal 38 Versey Y 11 Jacobs Y Y Z Y regulation of strip coal mining and requiring reclamation of COLORADO IOWA 1 McKevitt Y # I Schwengel Y Y Y strip mined lands. Agreed to 265-75: R 108-36; D 157-39 (ND 2 Brotzman Y Y Y 2 Culver N Y Y 113-13; SD 44-26), Oct. 11, 1972. A two-thirds majority vote 3 Evans ? X ? 3 Gross ? ? (227 in this case) is required for passage under suspension of the 4 Aspinall z N Y 4 Kyl Y Y rules. CONNECTICUT 5 Smith N Y Y 1 Cotter Y Y Y 6 Mayne Y Y 2 Steele Y Y 7 Scherle Z Y Y 306. SJ Res 247 Copyright Protection. Celler (D N.Y.) 3 Giaimo motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill extending for three Y X years, through Dec. 31, 1974, the expiration date for all copy- Democrats Republicans 92-H-1972 CQ ALMANAC Corresponding to Congressional Record Votes 425, 427, 428, 429, 431, 432, 433. 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 303 004 305 300 307 308 309 3 Sullivan 4 Wydler N N Y Y 6 Preyer Y N Y Y Y 5 Gettys N N # 4 Randall N Y 5 Lent Y Y 7 Lennon # # N Y 6 McMillan Y X ? 5 Bolling Z N N 6 Halpern Y N 8 Ruth N N Y Y Y Y SOUTH DAKOTA 6 Hull N Y 7 Addabbo N Y N 9 Jonas N z Y N Y 1 Denholm NNYY3?? 7 Hall INNNYNY 8 Rosenthal N N Y N 10 Broyhill Y Y Y 2 Abourezk Y ? 8 Ichord N Z Y Y 9 Delaney N N Y Y 11 Taylor Z Y Y Y TENNESSEE 9 Hungate ? ? 10 Celler ? Y Y NORTH DAKOTA I Quillen N Y Y 10 Burlison N N Y Y 11 Brasco N Y N / Andrews N Y Y Y N Y 2 Duncan N N Y Y MONTANA 12 Chisholm ? Y N 2 Link ? ? ? ? 3 Baker N Y Y / Shoup Z Y Y Y 13 Podell N N Y N OHIO 4 Evins Y Y 2 Melcher N Y Y Y 14 Rooney ? Y N / Keating Y Y Y Y 5 Fulton Y Y NEBRASKA 15 Carey N Y Y 2 Clancy N Y Y Y N Y 6 Anderson ? ? / Thone N Y Y Y 16 Murphy ? 3 Whalen Y Y Y N 7 Blanton N Y 2 McCollister N Y Y Y 17 Koch Y N 4 McCulloch ? ? ? Y Y 8 Jones N Y Y 3 Martin ? ? 18 Rangel Y N 5 Latta N Y Y Y Y 9 Kuykendall # # NEVADA 19 Abzug N Y N 6 Harsha Y Y Y TEXAS AL Baring . . 20 Vacancy 7 Brown N Y Y Y Y 1 Patman N Y NEW HAMPSHIRE 21 Badillo Y N 8 Betts N Y Y Y 2 Dowdy ? ? I Wyman Z Y Y Y 22 Scheuer N Y N 9 Ashley N Y N N 3 Collins NNNN N Y 2 Cleveland Y Y Y 23 Bingham N Y N 10 Miller N Y Y Y 4 Roberts N N N Y NEW JERSEY 24 Biaggi N Y Y 11 Stanton Y Y 5 Cabell ? ? I Hunt N Y Y 25 Peyser Y N 12 Devine N X 6 Teague N N N Y 2 Sandman N Y 26 Reid Y N 13 Mosher Y Y 7 Archer N X ? 3 Howard Y N 27 Dow ? 14 Seiberling Y Y 8 Eckhardt Y N 4 Thompson . 28 Fish . 15 Wylie Y Y 9 Brooks N Y 5 Frelinghuysen Y Y 29 Stratton Y Y 16 Bou Y Y 10 Pickle N Y 6 Forsythe Y Y 30 King ? 17 Ashbrook N Z Y 11 Poage N Y 7 Widnall N Y # 31 McEuen ? Y Y 18 Hays N Y 12 Wright N Y 8 Roe Y N 32 Pirnie Y Y 19 Carney N Y Y 13 Purcell X # 9 Helstoski Y N 33 Robison Y Y 20 Stanton Y Y 14 Young Z N N 10 Rodino Y N 34 Terry Y Y 21 Stokes Y N 15 de la Garza N N 11 Minish N Y N 35 Hanley Y Y 22 Vanik N N Y Y 16 White N N 12 Duyer Y 36 Horton Y N 23 Minshall Y Y 17 Burleson N N N N Y 13 Gallagher ?? 37 Conable Z Y Y 24 Powell N Y 18 Price N N N Y 14 Daniels 7 Y N 38 Hastings Z Y Y OKLAHOMA 19 Mahon N Z N Y 15 Patten Y N 39 Kemp Y Y / Belcher Y Y 20 Gonzalez N N NEW MEXICO 40 Smith N Y Y 2 Edmondson X ? 21. Fisher N N N Y I Lujan Z N Y 41 Dulski z Y Y 3 Albert 22 Casey N N N Y GERALD 2 Runnels Y N N Y NORTH CAROLINA 4 Steed N Y 23 Kazen N N Y NEW YORK 1 Jones Y X ? 5 Jarman Y Y UTAH 1 Pike N Z Y N Y 2 Fountain Y Y Y 6 Camp N Y 1 McKay Y N Y 2 Grover Y Y Y 3 Henderson ? N Y OREGON 2 Lloyd ? ? 3 Wolff N Y Y 4 Galifianakis ? ? ? 1 Wyatt Y ? VERMONT 5 Mizell N Y Y 2 Ullman Y Y AL Mallary N N Y Y 3 Green X ? VIRGINIA Answered "present" to avoid possible conflict-of-interest. 4 Dellenback Y Y 1 Downing N Y N Y PENNSYLVANIA 2 Whitehurst N N Y Y Y 1 Barrett Y N 3 Satterfield N N Y N Y rights which would have expired before that date. Agreed to 2 Nix Y N 4 Abbitt Y N Y 208-92: R 110-20, D 98-72 (ND 57-53; SD 41-19), Oct. 11, 1972. A 3 Byrne ? ? 5 Daniel Y Z Y two-thirds majority of members present and voting (200 in this 4 Eilberg Y N 6 Vacancy 5 Green case) is required for passage under suspension of the rules. Y N 7 Robinson N Y N Y 6 Yatron # # 8 Scott N Y 7 Williams Y Y 9 Wampler N N Y Y 307. HR 16987. Maritime Authorization. Garmatz (D 8 Biester Y N 10 Broyhill N Y 9 Ware Md.) motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill authorizing Y Y WASHINGTON 10 McDade Y N 1 Pelly ? ? $175-million in supplemental appropriations for ship-building 11 Flood Y N 2 Meeds N N programs in fiscal 1973. Passed 351-3: R 151-0; D 200-3 (ND 130- 12 Whalley Y Y 3 Hansen # 3; SD 70-0), Oct. 12, 1972. A two-thirds majority voted (235 in 13 Coughlin Y Y 4 McCormack N Y Y Y this case) is required for passage under suspension of the rules. 14 Moorhead Y Y 5 Foley Y Y Y 15 Rooney A "yea" was a vote supporting the President's position. Y N 6 Hicks N z Y Y 16 Eshleman Y # 7 Adams Z NN 17 Schneebeli N Y WEST VIRGINIA 308. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Adoption of 18 Heinz Y Y 1 Mollohan N N N Y Y the conference report on the bill establishing a five-year pro- 19 Goodling N N Y 2 Staggers Y Y Y 20 Gaydos Y N 3 Slack gram to share $30,236,400,000 in federal revenues with state N N z N Y 21 Dent Y N 4 Hechler N Z N Y and local governments. Adopted 266-110: R 126-33; D 140- 22 Saylor Z Y 5 Kee ? ? 77 (ND 114-30; SD 26-47), Oct. 12, 1972. A "yea" was a vote in 23 Johnson Z Y Y WISCONSIN support of the President's position. 24 Vigorito Y Y 1 Aspin Y Y 25 Clark ? 2 Kastenmeier Z Y.N 26 Morgan Y Z 3 Thomson Y Y Y 309. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Mills (D 27 Conover Y Y 4 Zablocki N Y Y Ark.) motion that the House recede from its disagreement to RHODE ISLAND 5 Reuss N N Y Y Senate amendments placing a $1.6-billion ceiling on annual 1 St Germain N Y Y Y 6 Steiger Z N Y Y 2 Tiernan Y Y Y federal contributions to state and local social services programs 7 Obey Z N Y SOUTH CAROLINA 8 Byrnes N Y and concur in a conference substitute placing a $2.5-billion ceil- 1 Davis ? ? ? 9 Davis N N Y N Y ing on federal matching grants for social services by state and 2 Spence Y Y Y 10 'Konski Z Y Y local governments. Adopted 281-86: R 142-10; D 139-76 (ND 3 Dorn N Y Y Y WYOMING 75-67; SD 64-9), Oct. 12, 1972. 4 Mann Z N Y Y AL Roncalio ? 1972 CQ ALMANAC-93-H OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, D.C. Senate vote on Conference Report on Revenue Sharing. CQ vote 516 CQ Senate Votes 514-520 Corresponding to Congressional Record roll-call votes 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559 516 517 518 519 520 515 516 517 518 519 520- 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 - KEY . Y Record vote for (yea). Paired for. ALABAMA IOWA NEW HAMPSHIRE Announced for. Y N Y N N N N Allen Hughes Y Y N Z McIntyre # # 1 # CQ poll for. Sparkman # # Miller Y Y N N N Z Cotton Y Y Y N N N N N Record vote against (nay). ALASKA KANSAS NEW JERSEY X Paired against. Gravel Y Y Z N Z Y Dole Y Y N N N N Williams Y Y Y N N Announced against. N N Y N Stevens Y Pearson Y Y Case CQ poll against. Y Y Y N N N ARIZONA KENTUCKY NEW MEXICO ? Not voting, voted "present," Z N Z N Z Y Cook $ Anderson did not announce or answer poll. Fannin Y N Y N Goldwater X ? Cooper Y N Z N N Montoya Y Y N N N ARKANSAS LOUISIANA NEW YORK Fulbright Y Z Y N N Edwards ? ? ? Buckley* Y N Y Y N N 514 516 517 518 519 520- McClellan N Y Y IN Z Long Z Y N Javits N Y N N N CALIFORNIA MAINE NORTH CAROLINA TEXAS Cranston Y N Y N N Muskie ? ? ? Ervin Y Y N N N N Bentsen Y N N N N Tunney Y Z N Y Smith Y N N N N Jordan Y N Y N N Z Tower COLORADO MARYLAND NORTH DAKOTA UTAH Allott ? ? ? Beall Y N Burdick Y Z N N Moss N Y M N Dominick Y N N Y N Mathias Y N Young N N N N N N Bennett N Y N N CONNECTICUT MASSACHUSETTS OHIO VERMONT Ribicoff Y N N Z Kennedy # # Saxbe N N ? Aiken N Y N N Weicker Y N Z Brooke Y Z Taft N Y Y N Stafford 1 DELAWARE MICHIGAN OKLAHOMA VIRGINIA HURRS Y N Z Hart Y Z Z N Harris 133 ? Byrd. -ir.** N Z N N N Roth Y Z Z N N Griffin Y Bellmon N N Y N N Spong Y N N FLORIDA MINNESOTA OREGON WASHINGTON Chiles N N Z N Humphrey Y Z N Z Hatfield X kson N Y Y N N z Gurney Y Z Z N Mondale Y Z N Z Packwood Y N N N Magneson N Y Y N N N GEORGIA MISSISSIPPI PENNSYLVANIA WEST VIRGINIA Gambrell N N Z Eastland N Y N N Schweiker Y N N Byrd Y N N N N Talmadge Y N N N Stennis N N N N Scott # 1 N N N Randolph # + HAWAII MISSOURI RHODE ISLAND WISCONSIN Inouye Y N N Eagleton N N N N Pastore Y N M Z Nelson Y N N N N Fong N Y N Z N Z Symington Y N Pell Y N N Proxmire Y z N N IDAHO MONTANA SOUTH CAROLINA WYOMING Church Z N N N Mansfield N N Z Y Hollings N Y N N McGee ? ? ? Jordan N N N Metcalf 3 ? Thurmond Y X Hansen Y N N N N ILLINOIS NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA Stevenson Y N Z Curtis 1 McGovern ? ? Percy Y Y N N Hruska # # # Z Z N N Mundt ? ? ? INDIANA NEVADA TENNESSEE Bayh Y N N Bible # # Baker ? Hartke Y N Z Cannon Z Y N Z N Brock Y N N N ALD Democrats Republicans Buckley elected as Conservative Kerd elected as independent LIBRARY 514. HR 11021. Noise Pollution. Cranston (D Calif.) amend- cutback within 30 days of notification of the President's intention. ment prohibiting supersonic civilian aircraft from landing at Rejected 7-66: R 5-25; D 2-41 (ND 2-27; SD 0-14), Oct. 13, 1972. places under U.S. jurisdiction unless they complied with Federal Aviation Administration noise level standards for subsonic air- 518. HR 16810. Debt Ceiling. Jordan (R Idaho) amendment craft. Adopted 62-17: R 25-9; D 37-8 (ND 25-4; SD 12-4), Oct. in the nature of a substitute for Vance Hartke (D Ind.) amend- 13, 1972. ment limiting exemptions to veterans' services and later adopted by voice vote Require the President, when making cuts in 515. HR 11021. Noise Pollution. Passage of the Environ- spending to limit federal outlays. to $250-billion in fiscal 1973, mental Noise Control Act of 1972, a bill establishing federal to reduce all appropriations by a uniform percentage, not to noise emission standards for newly manufactured products, exceed 10 percent for any activity or program, and exempt from authorizing federal grants for state and local noise control pro- spending cutbacks payments for Social Security benefits, Medic- grams and requiring noise standards for aircraft. Passed 75-5: aid, veterans' benefits, public assistance, food stamps, social 33-2; D 42-3 (ND 28-1; SD 14-2), Oct. 13, 1972. services grants, military retirement pay, judicial salaries and interest on the national debt. Adopted 46-28: R 11-20; D 35-8 516. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Adoption of (ND 26-3; SD 9-5), Oct. 13, 1972. A "nay" was a vote in support the conference report on the bill establishing a five-year program of the President's position. to share $30,236,400,000 in federal revenues with state and local governments. Adopted 59-19: R 29-5; D 30-14 (ND 21-8; SD 9-6), 519. HR 16810. Debt Ceiling. Bellmon (R Okla.) amend- Oct. 13, 1972. A "yea" was a vote in support of the President's ment requiring Congress to set an annual ceiling on federal position. spending and authorizing the President to cut proposed expendi- tures in certain categories to hold outlays within the limit 517. HR 16810. Debt Ceiling. Taft (R Ohio) amendment adopted. Rejected 9-62: R 5-26; 4-36 (ND 4-24; SD 0-12), Oct. to adopted Jordan (R Idaho) amendment (below) as modified 13, 1972. by Charles McC. Mathias Jr. (R Md.) amendment exempting administrative expenses of the judiciary from the programs 520. HR 16810. Debt Ceiling. Packwood (R Ore.) amendment authorized to be cut by the President-Permit the President to deleting Title II of the bill which imposed a $250-billion ceiling reserve from spending more than 10 percent of any single budget on federal outlays in fiscal 1973. Rejected 24-48: R 12-19; D 12- account and empower Congress to override any such spending 29 (ND 11-17; SD 1-12), Oct. 13, 1972. 1972 CQ ALMANAC-79-S OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, D.C. Senate vote on Revenue Sharing. CO vote 391 CQ Senate Votes 389-394 Corresponding to Congressional Record roll-call votes 417, 418, 419, 421, 422, 423 389 390 391 382 393 394 389 390 391 392 £60 #68 389 390 391 392 (E6E 394 - KEY - Y Record vote for (yea). Paired for. ALABAMA IOWA NEW HAMPSHIRE Announced for. Allen NYY z 7 Hughes NYY Y N Y McIntyre ? ? ? # CQ poll for. Sparkman .11 . # Miller . Y N N Cotton YNY Y N Y N Record vote against (nay). ALASKA KANSAS NEW JERSEY X Paired against. Gravel YYY Y Y Dole N ? Y Y N Y Williams Y N Y Y Z Y Announced against. Stevens YNY Y Y Pearson N Y Y Y N Y Case Y N Y Y N . . CQ poll against. ARIZONA KENTUCKY NEW MEXICO ? Not voting, voted "present," Fannin NY? N Y Cook N Y Y Y N Y Anderson NY? Y Z Y did not announce or answer poll. Goldwater NYX N N Cooper N N Y Y Z 7 Montoya NYY Y Y Y ARKANSAS LOUISIANA NEW YORK Fulbright N?Y z Y Edwards N Y Y ? ? ? Buckley* Y Y Y Y Z Y 389 390 391 392 393 #94 McClellan NYY 7 Y Long N Y Y Y Y Y Javits Y Y Y Y z Y CAUFORNIA MAINE NORTH CAROLINA TEXAS Cranston YNY Y Y Muskie N Y Y Y Y Y Ervin N Y N Y N Y Bentsen NYN Y Y Tunney YYY # Smith N Y Y Y N Y Jordan N Y Y Y ? Y Tower NNY Z Y COLORADO MARYLAND NORTH DAKOTA UTAH Allott - 1 Beall Y Y Y Y Y Y Burdick N Y N Y Z Y Moss NYY Y Y Dominick NYY Y N Mathias YN Y Y Y ? Young N Y N Y Z Y Bennett NYY Z Y CONNECTICUT MASSACHUSETTS OHIO VERMONT Ribicoff YNY Kennedy # # y 5% Saxbe YNN ? ? Aiken NYY Z Y Weicker YNY Z Brooke YN Y Y 7 Y Toft Y N N Y Z Stafford NYY Z Y DELAWARE MICHIGAN OKLAHOMA VIRGINIA Boggs Y N Y N Z Hart YN Y Y Y Y Harris ??? ? ? Byrd. Jr.** NYN z N Roth NNY Y N Z Griffin YN Y Bellmon NNY Y z Spong NYY ? z FLORIDA MINNESOTA OREGON WASHINGTON Chiles NYN Humphrey NYY / Y Y Hatfield N Y N Y Y Jackson NYY N Gurney NYY N Mondale NYY Y Y Packwood NNY Y N Magnuson NYY Y GEORGIA MISSISSIPPI PENNSYLVANIA WEST VIRGINIA Gambrell NYN z Eastland N Y Y Y N Schweiker Y N Y Y N Byrd NYN Y Talmadge NYY N Stennis NYN N Scott Y N Y Y z Randolph NYY Y HAWAII MISSOURI RHODE ISLAND WISCONSIN Inouye NYY Eagleton YNN Pastore Y N Y Y Y Nelson NYN Y z N Fong YYY Symington YNN Z Z Pell YNY Y Y Proxmire NYN Y Z N IDAHO MONTANA SOUTH CAROLINA WYOMING Church NYX N N Mansfield NYN N Hollings NYY # # McGee N?" ? Jordan NYX N N Metcalf NYY Thurmond 1 Y N Hansen NYY z ILLINOIS NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA Stevenson YNN Y Curtis NYX Z N McGovern ?? ? ? Percy YNN N Y Hruska NYY N Mundt ? ? ? ? ? INDIANA NEVADA TENNESSEE Bayh YYY Y Bible Y Y N Baker N Y Y ? ? Hartke YNY Cannon YYY Brock NYY Y Y Democrats Republicans - Buckley elected as Conservative : Byrd elected as independent QERALE FORD LIBRARY 389. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Taft (R Ohio) 6), Sept. 12, 1972. The President supported revenue-sharing but amendment revising formula for allocating revenue-sharing funds did not take a position on the version approved by the Senate. among the states to distribute one-third of each year's total amount by population, one-third by tax effort and one-third by 392. S 3917. Senate Office Building Expansion. Cooper (R relative income (instead of computing the three factors together Ky.) amendment granting jurisdiction over construction of the to determine each state's share). Rejected 32-59: R 17-24; D office building extension to the Public Works Committee and im- 15-35 (ND 15-19; SD 0-16), Sept. 12, 1972. posing a $53.5-million spending ceiling on building costs. Adopted 83-0: R 40-0; D 43-0 (ND 31-0; SD 12-0), Sept. 13, 1972. 390. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Long (D La.) motion to table, and thus kill, Taft (R Ohio) amendment re- 393. S 3917. Senate Office Building Expansion. Gravel placing formula for allocating revenue-sharing funds among the (D Alaska) amendment directing the Architect of the Capitol to states with a provision determining each state's share solely by inquire whether the owners of certain property north of the New population. Motion to table adopted 60-28: R 22-18; D 38-10 (ND Senate Office Building were willing to sell it. Rejected 28-53: 23-10; SD 15-0), Sept. 12, 1972. R 5-34; D 23-19 (ND 21-10; SD 2-9), Sept. 13, 1972. 391. HR 14370. General Revenue Sharing. Passage of the 394. S 3917 Senate Office Building Expansion. Passage bill establishing a five-year program to share $29,583,560,000 in of the bill authorizing construction of additional office space in federal revenues with state and local governments and appro- the New Senate Office Building and the purchase of land for priating S1-billion a year for four years for supplementary social an additional parking garage for senators and their staffs. services grants. Passed 64-20: R 32-5; D 32-15 (ND 22-9; SD 10- Passed 65-17: R 29-8; D 36-9 (ND 27-5; SD 9-4), Sept. 13,1972. 1972 CQ ALMANAC-61-S FORD MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION RALD CONGRESS CLEARS NIXON'S REVENUE-SHARING PLAN LIBRARY Congress Oct. 13 completed action on a bill (HR Following the Senate version, the conference agree- 14370-PL 92-512) establishing a five-year program to ment subjected state as well as local governments to share $30,236,400,000 in federal revenues with state and certain requirements for handling revenue-sharing funds local governments. and provisions barring discrimination and applying fed- Final action came when the Senate, by a 59-19 eral wage standards to jobs and projects financed in roll-call vote, adopted a conference report (S Rept 92- large part by revenue-sharing money. 1229) on the bill. The House had approved the report Oct. 12 by a 265-110 roll call. (Votes 516, 308, p. 79-S, 92-H) Final Provisions As cleared, the bill appropriated $30,236,400,000 to a special trust fund for distribution among state and As cleared by Congress, HR 14370: local governments. The program, retroactive to Jan. 1, Created a State and Local Government Fiscal 1972, at an initial annual level of $5.3-billion, would run Assistance Trust Fund, to remain available without fis- until Dec. 31, 1976. cal year limitation. The conference agreement represented a unique Appropriated $30,212,500,000 to the trust fund from compromise between conflicting House and Senate pro- federal income tax revenues in the following amounts: visions for allocating revenue-sharing funds. The con- 1) $2,650,000,000 for the period Jan. 1-June 30, 1972. ference agreement gave states the greater of two amounts 2) $2,650,000,000 for July 1-Dec. 31, 1972. available under the different formulas approved by the 3) $2,987,500,000 for Jan. 1-June 30, 1973. House and the Senate. 4) $6,050,000,000 for fiscal 1974. The compromise averted a possible stalemate in 5) $6,200,000,000 for fiscal 1975. choosing between the House formula, which generally 6) $6,350,000,000 for fiscal 1976. favored more populous and industrial states, and the 7) $3,325,000,000 for the period July 1-Dec. 31, 1976. Senate formula, which favored less populous states. Appropriated to the trust fund $23,900,000 from in- To distribute each state's revenue-sharing funds come tax collections for adjustments in allocations to among state and local governments, however, the con- non-contiguous states (Alaska and Hawaii) in the follow- ference agreement generally followed the Senate bill. ing amounts: By stressing relative income and the extent of govern- 1) $2,390,000 for Jan. 1-June 30, 1972 ment taxing efforts as well as population-and dropping 2) $2,390,000 for July 1-Dec. 31, 1972. the House bill's emphasis on urbanization-the con- 3) $2,390,000 for Jan. 1-June 30, 1973. ference compromise favored poor central city and rural 4) $4,780,000 for fiscal 1974. areas at the expense of more affluent suburbs. 5) $4,780,000 for fiscal 1975. In another key compromise, the conferees dropped 6) $4,780,000 for fiscal 1976. a Senate provision setting a $1.6-billion annual limit on 7) $2,390,000 for July 1-Dec. 31, 1976. grants to state and local governments for social services. Allocated to each state for each entitlement period Reporting the Senate limit in technical disagree- the greater of two amounts computed by the following ment, conferees recommended a substitute amendment methods: setting a $2.5-billion limit on social services expenditures 1) A three-factor fomula allocating to each state an under existing matching grant programs. Under the sub- amount in the same ratio to $5.3-billion (the initial annual stitute, each state could receive only a proportion of rate) as the figure produced by the state's population $2.5-billion based on its population. multiplied by its state and local government tax effort In a further attempt to restrain state requests for multiplied by its relative income was to the figure pro- matching grants, the substitute required that no more duced by the same factors for the nation as a whole. than 10 percent of a state's matching grant funds be 2) A five-factor formula allocating (at an initial spent on programs for persons not on welfare. Excep- annual level of $5.3-billion) $3.5-billion among the states tions were made, however, for programs for child care, according to population (one-third), urbanized population family planning, the mentally retarded, alcoholics and (one-third) and population weighted by per capita income drug addicts and for foster homes for children. (one-third) and the remaining $1.8-billion according to The House approved the substitute separately by a individual income tax collections by state governments 281-86 roll call Oct. 12; the Senate routinely accepted the (one-half) and the general tax effort of state and local substitute in adopting the conference report. (Vote 516, governments (one-half). p. 79-S) Allocated one-third of each state's entitlement to the Accepting a principle included in the House-passed state government and the remaining two-thirds to local version of HR 14370, the conference agreement included governments within the state. The local governments' a list of spending priorities for revenue-sharing funds two-thirds would be divided as follows: turned over to local governments. The conference ver- 1) Allocated to each county within a state an amount sion, less restrictive than the House bill, allowed local computed on the basis of population, tax effort and governments to use federal revenues for capital expendi- relative income. tures authorized by law and for ordinary operating and 2) Allocated to each county government an amount maintenance expenditures on public safety, environmen- determined by the ratio of its tax collections to total tax tal protection, public transportation, health, recreation, collections by all governments in the county. libraries, social services for the poor and aged and for 3) Allocated among all township governments within financial administration. a county a total amount determined by their combined (Continued on p. 638) 636-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing - 2 Revenue Sharing: Conference Bill's Figures by Key Cities for 1972 Alabama Maine Ohio Birmingham $ 7,099,587 Portland 1,769,263 Cleveland 14,107,681 Mobile 5,668,861 Augusta 443,343 Columbus 5,697,361 Huntsville 2,872,185 Bangor 898,961 Cincinnati 8,501,849 Alaska (Plus cost-of-living payment) Maryland Toledo 4,467,549 Anchorage 786,641 Baltimore 23,881,944 Oklahoma Fairbanks 300,033 Hagerstown 566,837 Midwest City 456,901 Arizona Annapolis 409,813 Oklahoma City 6,783,125 Phoenix 9,280,443 Massachusetts Tulsa 3,013,250 Scottsdale 601,577 Boston 17,753,054 Oregon Tempe 572,833 Cambridge 2,078,601 Eugene 1,561,628 Arkansas Springfield 4,443,226 Portland 8,579,738 Little Rock 2,392,164 Michigan Salem 1,568,703 North Little Rock 407,567 Detroit 36,530,556 Pennsylvania Fort Smith 787,284 Grand Rapids 2,682,599 Harrisburg 1,149,316 California Ann Arbor 697,571 Philadelphia 43,758,115 Los Angeles 35,442,819 Minnesota Pittsburgh 11,679,788 San Francisco 19,276,751 St. Paul 4,450,117 Scranton 1,883,909 San Diego 6,527,384 Duluth 1,212,570 Rhode Island Colorado Minnetonka 130,248 Cranston 983,329 Denver 12,189,871 Mississippi Providence 4,304,042 Colorado Springs 1,162,761 Jackson 4,346,704 Warwick 852,365 Pueblo 1,473,606 Biloxi 929,557 South Carolina Connecticut Columbus 762,500 Columbia Hartford 3,334,147 2,251,500 Missouri Charleston Bridgeport 2,619,799 2,036,353 St. Louis 12,702,004 Greenville 2,905,607 1,861,843 New Haven Kansas City 10,222,093 Delaware South Dakota Jefferson City 390,432 Pierre Wilmington 2,238,762 Springfield 1,537,329 66,924 Dover 374,585 Independence 1,084,433 Rapid City 525,926 District of Columbia Sioux Falls 23,647,564 Montana 989,343 Florida Helena 196,712 Tennessee Jacksonville 3,972,067 Billings 637,296 Chattanooga 2,389,735 Miami 6,959,236 Butte 316,961 Knoxville 3,742,137 Tampa 5,640,879 Great Falls 626,748 Memphis 9,826,564 Georgia Nebraska Nashville 6,378,838 Atlanta 4,583,171 Lincoln 1,763,525 Texas Savannah 2,089,189 Omaha 3,640,464 Austin 2,121,831 Macon 1,965,134 Scottsbluff 195,219 Houston 14,029,925 Hawaii (Plus cost-of-living payment) Nevada San Antonio 7,785,895 Honolulu 12,542,903 Las Vegas 1,045,413 Utah Idaho Carson City 61,960 Salt Lake City 3,881,774 Boise 1,089,716 Reno 762,202 Ogden 944,978 Pocatello 583,710 New Hampshire Vermont Idaho Falls 372,848 Manchester 1,749,749 Montpelier 272,374 Illinois Portsmouth 512,778 Burlington 995,345 Chicago 69,477,799 Concord 508,879 Virginia Rockford 2,023,772 New Jersey Richmond 5,463,373 Springfield 897,115 Newark 8,437,328 Norfolk 6,740,023 Indiana Trenton 1,930,287 Alexandria 1,680,122 Indianapolis 6,983,136 Camden 2,070,137 Washington Fort Wayne 2,137,708 New Mexico Olympia 295,694 Gary 3,069,017 Albuquerque 6,431,471 Spokane 3,316,084 lowa Santa Fe 968,982 Seattle 9,863,462 Des Moines 2,201,662 Clovis 306,019 Sioux City 1,227,154 New York West Virginia Council Bluffs 518,661 Albany 1,300,747 Charleston 2,072,376 Kansas Buffalo 7,328,071 Huntington 1,872,000 Wichita 2,139,061 New York 247,524,126 Martinsburg 154,000 Topeka 1,239,629 Syracuse 3,279,903 Wheeling 1,089,161 Kansas City 1,646,379 Rochester 2,293,973 Wisconsin Kentucky North Carolina Green Bay 1,267,219 Louisville 9,480,686 Charlotte 4,462,898 Kenosha 1,433,901 Lexington 2,836,217 Greensboro 2,761,068 Madison 1,935,498 Frankfort 472,705 Raleigh 1,714,054 Milwaukee. 11,221,768 Louisiana North Dakota Wyoming New Orleans 14,744,411 Bismarck 389,813 Cheyenne 396,713 Baton Rouge 5,149,671 Minot 419,431 Casper 359,240 Lake Charles 1,767,060 Grand Forks 440,854 Laramie 215,845 1972 CQ ALMANAC-637 Revenue Sharing - 3 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION (Continued from p. 636) share of tax collections, with each township's amount Required that not more than 10 percent of each determined by population, tax effort and relative income. state's federal matching grants be used for assistance to 4) Allocated the remainder of the county's share among persons not receiving welfare. Programs for child care, municipal governments according to population, tax family planning, the mentally retarded, drug addicts and effort and relative income. alcoholics and foster homes for children would be 5) Allocated part of a county area's allotment to exempted from the 10-percent limit. the governing bodies of local Indian tribes or Alaskan References. President's revenue sharing proposals native villages on the basis of population. and 1971 House hearings, 1971 Almanac p. 698. Permitted states to legislate optional formulas for distributing local government funds by population and Background tax effort or by population and relative income, or by both. The revenue-sharing concept was developed by John- Increased revenue-sharing entitlements for Alaska son administration officials but never accepted publicly and Hawaii by the same percentage as cost-of-living by President Johnson, who faced budget deficits brought adjustments given federal employees in those non-con- on by U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war. tiguous states. President Nixon in 1969 proposed a revenue-sharing Required that a state government's revenue-sharing plan that would have made $500-million in federal entitlement be reduced if it reduced transfers of state revenues available to state and local governments in fis- funds to local governments. (The penalty could be re- cal 1971, with the total rising to $5-billion by fiscal 1976. duced or offset if the state had assumed responsibility for Congress did not act on that proposal. expenditures previously made by local governments or In his 1971 State of the Union address, the Presi- had conferred new taxing authority on local governments dent unveiled a second revenue-sharing plan that ex- to provide the funds.) ceeded the scope of previous proposals, including his own. The administration's second and current proposal Required each government receiving revenue-shar- included two elements: ing funds to submit to the secretary of the treasury and $5-billion starting in fiscal 1972 for allocation to publish in local newspapers reports on the planned and the states, counties, municipalities and the District of actual uses of shared revenues. Columbia. Prohibited discrimination by race, color, national $11-billion for "special revenue-sharing" programs origin or sex in any activity or program funded in whole or created by consolidating about 105 existing federal aid in part with revenue-sharing money. programs into six broad purposes with fewer federal Required state and local governments receiving fed- specifications. eral revenues to meet certain requirements in handling Under the general revenue-sharing proposal, 90 revenue-sharing funds. percent of the $5-billion would be allocated to the Required that a state or local government employee states by percentage of total U.S. population, with ad- be paid at the prevailing local wage, state or local mini- justments reflecting a state's tax effort. mum wage or federal minimum wage (whichever was The remaining 10 percent would be available to highest) in cases where revenue-sharing funds made up states that had negotiated a formula for sharing federal 25 percent or more of the employee's compensation. funds with local governments. Applied the 1931 Davis-Bacon Act requirement that Of the total share of each state, about 50 percent workers on federally funded construction projects receive would be passed on to local governments, with school prevailing local construction wages to projects for which districts and other special purpose government units excluded. The local shares would be distributed accord- 25 percent or more of the financing came from revenue- ing to the ratio of local revenues to state revenues-at sharing funds. least until a negotiated local sharing formula had been Required local governments to use revenue-sharing adopted. funds only for "priority expenditures": capital expendi- House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Wilbur tures authorized by law or maintenance and operating D. Mills (D Ark.), supported by the panel's ranking Repub- expenditures on public safety (including law enforcement, lican, John W. Byrnes (R Wis.), fought the general fire protection and building code enforcement), environ- revenue-sharing plan. Because it involved sharing a pro- mental protection (including sewage disposal, sanitation portion of federal tax revenues, the bill was referred to and pollution abatement), public transportation (includ- Mills' committee. The special revenue-sharing proposals ing transit systems and streets and roads), health, recrea- were referred to the various committees with jurisdiction tion, libraries, social services for the poor and aged, and over the six areas of activity involved. financial administration. The Ways and Means Committee held extensive Provided for collection by the federal government's hearings in June 1971 on the administration's bill. But Internal Revenue Service of state income taxes starting Mills announced that their purpose was to expose the in the year after at least two states, whose residents to- dangers and weaknesses of the revenue-sharing concept gether filed at least 5 percent of all federal income tax and to kill the bill. returns, requested such a service. But midway through the hearings Mills announced Placed a $2.5-billion ceiling on annual federal 75- that he favored a revenue-sharing plan that would give percent matching grants to state and local governments most of its benefits to urban areas. for social services, with each state limited to the same On Nov. 30, 1971, Mills and nine other members of percentage of $2.5-billion as the percentage of its popu- the Ways and Means Committee introduced HR 11950, lation to total U.S. population. a $5.3-billion revenue-sharing bill which provided two- 638-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing - 4 thirds of its funds for local governments and one-third a deficit of $25.5-billion in fiscal 1973. The cost of for states. revenue sharing was included in calculating the deficits. To postpone revenue sharing in order to cut the House Committee Action deficit, the report said, would be to assign a lower priority to state and local financial problems than to The House Ways and Means Committee April 26 other needs. reported a clean bill, the State and Local Fiscal Assis- Although federal aid to state and local governments tance Act of 1972 (HR 14370-H Rept 92-1018), establish- rose from $6.7-billion in fiscal 1959 to $36.8-billion in ing general revenue sharing with state and local govern- fiscal 1972 and an estimated $38.5-billion in fiscal 1973, ments at a first-year rate of $5.3-billion. the committee found the total inadequate to the need. The committee April 17 voted 18-7 to report the bill. Since most federal aid was "categorical"-dispensed for HR 14370 was written by the committee based on Chair- specific purposes-it often could not be used for the most man Mills' earlier bill, HR 11950. pressing state and local needs, the committee said. Committee Views. The committee bill provided for Major Provisions revenue sharing initially at an annual rate of $3.5-billion for local governments and $1.8-billion for state govern- The bill appropriated $3.5-billion per year for local ments. The committee justified this allocation as follows: governments for five years, beginning with calendar 1972. "In considering the financial problems of local govern- It appropriated funds for state governments at an initial ments, your committee came to the conclusion that many annual rate of $1.8-billion and increased that rate by localities face most severe financial crises. In part, this $150-million for the following year and $300-million for stems from the increasing demand for public services each succeeding year for the rest of the five-year period. resulting from the substantial increase in urbanization Since the government operates on a fiscal year, the occurring in recent years. bill appropriated half of the initial allocation for the "Closely related to this is the problem arising from period Jan. 1 to June 30, 1972, the remainder of fiscal the limited jurisdictions of many local governments: year 1972. It appropriated funds for the four succeeding they often are called upon to provide many services for fiscal years and a final half-year allocation. The appro- persons who do not live in their taxing jurisdictions. priations were (in billions of dollars): At the same time, those within their taxing jurisdictions Year State Local Total often are poor and unable to pay for their share of the services demanded. This financial problem for local FY 1972 (half-year) .9 1.75 2.65 governments has been significantly worsened by the twin FY 1973 1.95 3.5 5.45 problems of rising costs resulting from inflation and the FY 1974 2.25 3.5 5.75 lower than normal increase in revenues because of the FY 1975 2.55 3.5 6.05 stagnant condition of the economy. FY 1976 2.85 3.5 6.35 "Your committee concluded that states also have FY 1977 (half-year) 1.575 1.75 3.325 financial problems but that their problems are less TOTALS 12.075 17.5 29.575 severe than those of the localities and also of a different The appropriation for the final half-year was at an nature The difficulty in obtaining adequate financing. annual rate of $6.65-billion. has presented the states with problems not only in meeting The increase of $300-million per year for the states their own financing needs but also in their increasing role was essentially a "hold-harmless" increment to ensure that in assisting local governments. Your committee concluded no state received less in any year than it had in previous that, in the case of states, the primary emphasis should years of the program. Funds would be distributed to the be on encouraging them to help themselves-by making states based on their tax efforts; consequently, states more extensive use of their own tax resources." increasing their tax efforts could increase their shares. If The committee noted that state and local expendi- the total remained constant, some other states would then tures rose from $33.7-billion in fiscal year 1955 to $131.3- receive reduced shares unless the total was increased each billion in fiscal 1970. In the period 1946-70 (fiscal years), year. state and local revenues, excluding federal aid, rose at an The bill created three trust funds: for state shares, average rate of almost 10 percent per year. for local shares and for the hold-harmless funds. The committee found that many states did not make Payments were to be made from the trust funds effective use of their revenue sources, either by not using quarterly or more often. When lack of current data would certain taxes (individual and corporate income taxes and delay payments, allocations were to be made on the basis general sales taxes) or by keeping rates too low. of estimates. The heavy reliance of state and local governments on Distribution. The bill created a complex distribu- property and sales taxes, the committee said, made it tion system. harder for them to increase their revenues because those State funds were to be distributed equally according taxes did not respond rapidly to increases in income. to total tax effort and income-tax collections. Tax effort In aggregate, the committee said, local governments was to be measured by a formula relating the total tax accounted for about two-thirds of total state-local expen- collections of a state and its local governments, including ditures and states the remaining one-third. This was the special-purpose units such as school districts and sewer approximate division of revenue sharing incorporated in districts, to total personal income in the state. The state the bill. allocation would then be calculated by establishing the Federal Finances. The committee noted a deficit proportion of its tax efforts to the total U.S. state and local of almost $39-billion was forecast for fiscal year 1972 and tax effort. 1972 CQ ALMANAC-639 Revenue Sharing 5 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION The state's share based on income tax would be 7.5 Conditions. The bill tied more "strings" to the percent of each state's income-tax collections. The bill set revenues shared with local governments than did the both a floor and a ceiling for the income-tax share. For administration's proposal. states with no income tax, and particularly states like Funds allocated to local governments were limited Tennessee and Florida, which had constitutional prohibi- in use to "generally recognized national high-priority tions against income taxes that would take time to repeal, objectives," which the committee defined as operational a minimum amount was guaranteed equal to .5 percent and maintenance expenses for public safety, environ- of federal income-tax liabilities attributable to the state. mental protection and public transportation. The ceiling limited each state's allocation based on its The committee justified exclusion of such major local income tax to 3 percent of federal income-tax liabilities expenses as education and welfare on various grounds. It arising from the state. noted the great diversity of state and local responsibilities For local governments the distribution was far more in those areas. It also noted that the House had passed a complicated. The total available was to be divided into welfare reform bill (HR 1), which, among other purposes, three equal parts, to be allocated among the states on was designed to provide greater federal welfare assistance, the basis of three factors: total state population, urban and that the federal government operated a number of population and population weighted by per capita in- major programs of aid for education. (HR 1, p. 833; 1971 come. The last factor would be determined by establishing Almanac p. 519) an inverse population-per capita income ratio that gave The bill required states to maintain at least the level the greatest weight to the lowest per capita income and of aid to their local governments prevailing before revenue comparing the result with the ratio for the entire nation. sharing. It prohibited use of revenue-sharing funds for Each state's local funds then were to be distributed matching federal funds for other purposes. among its counties according to the same three factors. A state which regularly spent more for any of the Next, within each county's share, that which went allowed purposes than all its local governments combined to the county government was to be determined according was authorized to exclude that function from the uses to the proportion of total local taxes raised in the county of the funds allowed to local governments. and levied by the county government, as compared with The bill authorized the treasury secretary to require those levied by the city, village or township. a local government to repay 110 percent of any expendi- As in the Nixon revenue-sharing plan, allocations to ture for an unauthorized purpose and to cut off funds to local governments were limited to general-purpose govern- any locality for violations of the bill's provisions. ments, excluding school and other special-purpose dis- Federal Tax Collection. The bill required the tricts. Consequently, in establishing the county govern- Internal Revenue Service to administer and collect ment shares, education taxes were to be excluded. "piggyback" state income taxes where certain conditions Finally, the remaining funds were to be distributed were met. among the municipal and town governments according to The purpose was to enable states to use the income tax three factors: as a greater source of revenue with minimum administra- tive effort, reduce duplication of effort and simplify The allocation based on population was to be dis- tax matters. tributed according to the relative population of the The eligible state taxes for federal collection were municipalities and towns. those based on taxable income as federally defined and Funds allocated according to the inverse population- those levied as a percentage of federal tax liability. per capita income ratio were to be distributed on that The bill established basic requirements in order for basis among the municipalities and towns. a state to participate. Funds allocated according to urban population were The bill provided for establishment of combined to be distributed in proportion to the totals distributed withholding rates, SO that employers would be required under the other two factors. to keep only one set of tax records and make combined After the first 18 months of operation, states were deposits of withheld taxes. The Treasury was to be given authorized to alter the formula for distribution to counties full responsibility for enforcement and legal proceedings. and other local governments by substituting a factor The system was to take effect Jan. 1, 1974, if at weighting population with per capita tax revenue for the least five states had agreed and qualified and if the population factor. residents of the five states had filed at least 5 percent States also were authorized to increase the proportion of total federal individual income-tax returns in 1972. of available funds to be allocated according to any of the If the conditions had not been met by the beginning of three factors by as much as 40 percent and to decrease 1974, the system was to start at the beginning of the proportions by as much as 25 percent. calendar year after the first five states met the conditions. States also were authorized to withhold up to 10 Other Provisions. As reported, HR 14370 also: percent of local funds for regional projects, provided Prohibited discrimination in distribution of or partic- that the state matched the local funds equally with ipation in benefits of the program. state funds. Provided for review by federal courts on appeals from The bill denied funds to any locality if its total allo- decisions by the treasury secretary to withhold funds for cation was less than $200. It placed a ceiling on the total failure to comply with requirements. allocation to any locality of 50 percent of a unit's relevant taxes and transferred funds. In states choosing to use the Dissenting Views alternative population-per capita tax revenue factor, a ceiling was provided to limit amounts allocated to high- Seven committee members, after voting against re- income suburbs with high tax rates. porting the bill, filed dissenting views. They were Omar 640-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing 6 Burleson (D Texas), James C. Corman (D Calif.), Sam M. Gibbons (D Fla.), Joe D. Waggonner Jr. (D La.), John W. Mahon Comments Byrnes (R Wis.), Herman T. Schneebeli (R Pa.) and Joel T. Broyhill (R Va.). By far the most vigorous House opponent of the The dissenters first objected to the fact that states revenue-sharing bill was House Appropriations Com- were to be unrestricted in their use of funds while local mittee Chairman George Mahon (D Texas) who governments were restricted to uses given high priority charged the measure would actually appropriate by the committee majority. "The 'priorities' were plucked the funds without further congressional review, and out of thin air," they said, "for the sole purpose of dis- thus subvert the legislative-appropriations process. tinguishing the committee bill from the administration's On June 7, Mahon printed his objections in the 'no-strings-attached' revenue sharing proposal which had Congressional Record: been consistently denounced by some members of the "Next week there is also scheduled to be before committee." the House a $30-billion appropriation bill out of the The dissent incorporated a long list of provisions and Ways and Means Committee. effects which the seven found objectionable, including: "Mr. Speaker, this Ways and Means Commit- Divorce of tax-raising responsibility from spending tee bill does not raise one penny of revenue. It is an authority. authorization bill and it is an appropriation bill for Restructuring of federal-state-local relationships. 5 years. It bypasses the established authorization Lack of surplus revenues to share. process involving a number of major legislative com- Failure of the bill to deal with the existing weaknesses mittees, and it bypasses the established appropria- of state and local government. tions process which we have known for the last 52 Lack of any rationale for the amounts of money or years. relationship of the amounts to state or local needs. "Not in the history of Congress that I can find Lack of a rationale for the various formulas. has an appropriation bill come to the floor under a Failure of the bill to take account of federal aid pro- closed rule, which is now proposed for this Ways and grams or state aids to local governments. Means Committee bill. (The House Rules Commit- Lack of effective accountability requirements. tee May 23 approved a closed rule, allowing eight The dissenters said the bill would transfer more hours of general debate but prohibiting amendments power to Washington instead of strengthening state and from the floor. The House must approve the rule local governments. before the bill itself can be considered.) Formulas were developed by trial and error, they "I say it is indefensible that the appropriation said, and "the committee's bill is nothing more than the bill of $30-billion should come before the House next final error, reached as a result of exhaustion and despair, week under a closed rule. Members should have the rather than a feeling that the committee had finally right to make points of order and offer amendments. stumbled on a workable formula." Further, they said, I propose to do what I can to open up the rule so the distribution was based on constantly changing data. The House can work its will on that appropriation bill, bill was potentially the biggest giveaway program ever just as it does on other appropriation bills." enacted, they said. Mahon's opposition resulted in two postpone- ments of floor consideration of the bill-a ploy by the measure's proponents to gain more time in which House Floor Action to mobilize a lobby campaign of state and local offi- cials and other groups in behalf of HR 14370. In The House June 22, by a 275-122 roll-call vote, effect, Mahon lost the battle June 21 when the passed HR 14370 without amendment. (Vote 147, p. 46-H) House, by a 223-185 roll-call vote, agreed to a pro- Passage of the bill was virtually assured June 21, cedural motion that paved the way for consideration the first of two days of debate on HR 14370, when pro- of the measure under a procedure barring floor ponents of the revenue-sharing plan prevailed in a key amendments. procedural vote. By a roll-call vote of 223-185, the House called for the previous question (closing off debate and precluding the opportunity of offering amendments) on a Thus the rule limited action on the House floor to the controversial closed rule (H Res 996) under which the alternatives of passing the bill, killing it or returning it to bill was taken up. (Vote 145, p. 44-H) the Ways and Means Committee. With governors, mayors Republicans supported the rule by 113-57; Demo- and their organizations and other state and local officials crats opposed it, 110-128 (northern Democrats, 89-69, lobbying vigorously for the bill with strong support from southern Democrats, 21-59). The rule then was approved taxpayers, the bill commanded an impressive majority by voice vote. when it came to a vote. Opponents had little hope of defeating the new aid Closed Rule program for hard-pressed state and local governments on a direct vote, but they hoped to make changes in the bill The closed rule provided for eight hours of debate on by raising a point of order against it or by amending it HR 14370 but prohibited floor amendments and waived if they could defeat the rule. Ways and Means Committee points of order against the bill. The rule permitted revenue bills cutomarily were granted closed rules on amendments offered by the Ways and Means Commit- grounds that they were too complicated to amend on the tee, which reported the bill April 26, but the committee floor and that open rules would open the entire Internal offered none. Revenue Code to amendment. The privilege had been 1972 CQ ALMANAC-641 Revenue Sharing - 7 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION granted to other Ways and Means non-revenue-raising for sewage collection and treatment facilities, waste dis- legislation on grounds of complexity; thus welfare reform posal systems and public transportation. (HR 1) was passed by the House under a modified closed rule permitting only one amendment. Debate, June 21 Appropriation Majority Whip Thomas P. O'Neill Jr. (D Mass.), sup- porting the rule, argued that its defeat would send the The bill pitted two leaders of the House, Chairman bill back to committee and that it might not come to the Wilbur D. Mills (D Ark.) of Ways and Means and Chair- floor again. O'Neill led the debate for the rule because man George Mahon (D Texas) of the Appropriations Chairman William M. Colmer (D Miss.) of the Rules Committee. (box, p. 641) Mills, originally a vociferous Committee opposed the bill. critic of revenue sharing, changed his mind in 1971 and Majority Leader Hale Boggs (D La.) said the need drafted the bill on which his committee's bill was based. of state and local governments constituted an emergency. Mahon fought the bill on two grounds: that it spent money "I say it is too bad that the Appropriations Committee the government did not have (the latest official estimate is bypassed, but in an emergency you take emergency of the federal deficit for fiscal year 1972 was $26-billion action." Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford (R Mich.) said and for fiscal 1973, $27-billion), and that it appropriated both parties were committed to revenue sharing and the funds in a legislative bill. bill provided the opportunity to carry out their commit- The bill established the revenue-sharing program ments. and also appropriated the necessary funds, though it Mahon said the bill was essentially an appropriation. was never referred to Mahon's committee. (House rules "The bill represents an indefensible abrogation. of the prohibit appropriations in a legislative bill, hence the power of the House for a five-year period. Think of it-writ- waiver of points of order in the rule.) Customarily a pro- ing ourselves out of the action for a five-year period." gram is established and funds authorized in one bill John W. Byrnes (R Wis.), the ranking minority handled by the committee responsible for the particular member of the Ways and Means Committee, challenged area of activity; funds are appropriated in a separate bill Mills' interpretation of his instructions. "The chairman handled by the Appropriations Committee. will no doubt say (if the rule was defeated) that he would Mahon hoped to delete the bill's provisions appro- have to go back to the committee for further instructions. priating funds and to require funding of the program That is a bunch of malarkey." Byrnes said the committee's with annual appropriations as in the case of most other request for a closed rule did not require withdrawal of the aid programs. But proponents objected strenuously to bill if the rule was opened. subjecting revenue sharing to the appropriations process. H. Allen Smith (R Calif.) of the Rules Committee Had the bill been opened to amendment, attempts urged defeat of the rule so that he could offer a sub- were contemplated to change the complicated formula for stitute which would have allowed points of order and distribution of the funds, to add tax reform to the bill and amendments to the bill except to those provisions amend- to make other changes in tax statutes. As with other legis- ing the Internal Revenue Code. lation in similar circumstances, Mills announced before the Mills did not speak on the rule but defended the bill bill was taken up that he was under instructions from his against charges that its distribution of funds would grant committee to withdraw the bill from floor consideration larger amounts per capita to wealthy than to poor states if it was opened to amendment. The Rules Committee and cities. Wealthy states pay a larger share of the federal on May 23 had voted 8-7 to approve the closed rule. income tax, he said. "In evaluating the distributive ef- Following committee adoption of the rule, floor action fects, it is important to take into consideration not only was postponed twice while the bill's proponents sought to the grants themselves but also the federal income taxes build up the lobbying muscle necessary to push the mea- that are collected to pay for these grants. When both sure through. the grants and federal income taxes are taken into con- The bill provided initially for aid at rates of $1.8- sideration, the net effect is to aid the poorer states." billion a year to states and $3.5-billion to local govern- The bill, Byrnes said, "takes us into a dark tunnel of ments. Annual increases of up to $300-million were pro- fiscal chaos with no light at the end." He quoted ex- vided for states. Grants for the five-year term pro- tensively from two of Mills' 1971 speeches attacking vided in the bill were (in billions of dollars): revenue sharing. Mahon said state and local demands Year State Local Total for greater aid would make the bill a "tiger by the tail." "A vote for revenue sharing will be a vote for a tax in- FY 1972 (half-year) $ .9 $ 1.75 $ 2.65 crease," he said. FY 1973 1.95 3.5 5.45 FY 1974 2.25 3.5 5.75 June 22 FY 1975 2.55 3.5 6.05 Barber B. Conable Jr. (R N.Y.) asserted that the FY 1976 2.85 3.5 6.35 bill would strengthen state and local governments by FY 1977 (half-year) 1.575 1.75 3.325 giving them funds to spend according to their own TOTALS $12.075 $17.50 $29.575 priorities rather than those of the federal government. State funds were to be distributed according to for- Revenue sharing is a better way to help states and mulas that increased state shares as their individual localities than the existing system of categorical aid pro- income taxes increased. The funds were unrestricted as to grams for specific purposes, he said. State and local use. Local funds were limited to operation and mainte- governments, he contended, would be held to at least nance expenses for public safety, environmental protec- as close accountability for the funds as was the federal tion and public transportation and capital expenditures government. 642-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing - 8 Al Ullman (D Ore.) said the bill would in no way certain that a five-year trial period is sufficient to see if this circumscribe the states in their activities and would help redirection in our federal system is as effective as we anticipate. local governments meet the fiscal crisis they faced. The "In the distribution of funds among state governments, the flight of higher-income families to the suburbs left low- House bill places great emphasis on state income taxes. It has income families to finance the problems concentrated been the position of the administration not to favor particular state tax instruments, but rather to reward over-all state and in core cities, he said. The bill restricted local govern- local tax effort. Accordingly, we would prefer to replace the ments in their use of the funds, he said, but still gave them income tax incentive with a provision closer to the President's considerable flexibility. original proposal. James C. Corman (D Calif.), a member of Ways and "Another difference involved the restrictions placed on Means who voted against reporting the bill, criticized local uses of these revenue-sharing funds. The President's the bill's distribution formulas. He said the committee had proposal required only that the funds be used for legitimate considered and rejected a number of formulas: "We governmental purposes and in a nondiscriminatory fashion. finally quit, not because we hit on a rational formula, but The House bill provides for a series of high-priority categories. because we were exhausted. And finally we got one that We would recommend that your committee consider removing almost none of us could understand at the moment. We these restrictions on local spending contained in the House bill. "A third aspect of the House bill which deserves comment were told the statistics were not available to run the print is the use of urbanized population as a factor to distribute the on it. So we adopted it, and it is here for you today." $3.5-billion among the states to the localities. This factor dis- Corman said further that the bill did nothing to re- criminates rather severely against three states (Alaska, duce the fragmentation of local government. Rather Vermont and Wyoming) without urbanized population. Con- than encouraging more efficient local government, he said, sequently, we recommend that the committee explore ways of the bill appeared to invite further fragmentation and removing this discrimination." greater waste. Howard H. Baker Jr. (R Tenn.), who introduced Sam Gibbons (D Fla.) said that, despite reports of the bill in the Senate (S 3651), urged passage of a fiscal crises in the states, only four governors asked their revenue-sharing bill in 1972. legislatures for new taxes in 1972. A number of represen- HR 14370 is a bill "that I could easily support and vote for tatives objected that their states would be penalized in without any change in it at all There is one significant the distribution of funds because they did not have an change that I would like to urge strongly before this com- individual income tax. mittee." One provision would encourage (if not virtually force) states to enact personal income taxes. The constitutional Richard W. Mallary (R Vt.) listed wealthy suburban obstacles to an income tax are formidable in Tennessee. cities which, as urbanized areas, would receive funds Several ways have been proposed to eliminate the income supposedly allocated for central cities, including Beverly tax problem from the bill. "I introduced an amendment" Hills, Calif., McLean, Va., Shaker Heights, Ohio, Grosse under which "the entire appropriation would be apportioned Pointe, Mich., Greenwich, Conn., Lake Forest, III., and among the states on the basis of population modified by tax Palm Beach, Fla. "There is in this bill," he said, "the effort." The amendment would double the apportionment to false assumption that the rural areas do not have ex- the Tennessee state government, from $14.3-million to $29.5- tremely pressing revenue problems We must recognize million. the extreme tax problems of rural, sparsely populated Hubert H. Humphrey (D Minn.), a cosponsor of S areas where poverty is a way of life...." 3651 and author of an earlier revenue-sharing bill, urged Recommittal Motion. Byrnes lost in a final effort passage but also recommended certain changes and to cut the cost of the bill. He moved to recommit the bill warned that "this Congress and the Executive Branch of to the Ways and Means Committee (a routine parlia- our federal government must not-indeed cannot-fall mentary procedures) with instructions to report it back into the trap of thinking that problems of the cities, immediately without the retroactive distribution of funds suburbs and townships disappear with the passage of for the last six months of fiscal year 1972. This would save revenue sharing." $2.65-billion, he said. His motion was defeated on a 157- July 26 241 roll-call vote. (Vote 146, p. 46-H) The House then Lee Metcalf (D Mont.) urged the committee to passed the bill by a 275-122 roll-call vote. (Vote 147, make Indian tribes eligible to share in the funds allocated p. 46-H) to local governments: Senate Committee Action James L. Buckley (Cons-R N.Y.) suggested an alter- native to the bill under which the federal government would shift part of its personal income tax base to the HEARINGS. The Senate Finance Committee held states temporarily and share its tax-collecting facilities a hearing June 29 on the House-passed State and Local to the extent that a total of $5-billion or more would be Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972 (HR 14370). collected annually for state and local governments. Testimony June 29 Roland M. Bixler, president of J-B-T Instruments, Treasury Secretary George P. Shultz endorsed the Inc., New Haven, Conn., speaking for the National bill in general but asked consideration of certain changes: Association of Manufacturers, opposed HR 14370 but Revenue sharing will help state and local governments urged the committee to add to it minimum standards avert their recurrent financial crises. It will partially redress the imbalance in revenue sources available to state and local for state taxation of multi-state businesses and relief for governments. It offers hope for revitalization of state and local business from differing state and local tax requirements. government within the federal system. Eugene F. Rinta, executive director of the Council "While we prefer determining the amount to be shared each of State Chambers of Commerce, opposed HR 14370: year as a percentage of the federal tax base, we also respect the "Even if HR 14370 were acceptable on principle, the desire of the Congress to limit the duration of the program so seriously adverse present and prospective federal fiscal position that it can be evaluated and changed if necessary. We feel would not warrant embarking at this time on a new program 1972 CQ ALMANAC-643 Revenue Sharing - 9 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION providing $5- to $6-billion annual handouts to state and local revenue sharing in the trust fund. Any remaining amounts governments in the years ahead." were to be added to the general funds of the Treasury. Paul Parks, administrator of the model cities The committee noted that other trust-funded pro- program in Boston, speaking for Americans for Democratic grams, such as Social Security, were financed under Action, supported the revenue-sharing concept for local permanent appropriations and did not require annual or governments but opposed sharing with states. periodic action by the appropriations bodies of the two July 27 houses. If the Appropriations Committee was successful in George Lehr, county executive, Jackson County, asserting jurisdiction, it could require annual appropria- Mo., speaking for the National Association of Counties, tions which would be subject to pressures both from supported the bill: recipients and from conflicting claims of other federal "These crises (faced by counties) do not exist because of programs. increases in what are thought to be 'traditional' county The decision to order the bill reported again came functions. They exist because of the rapid increases in new after unsuccessful efforts to reach an accommodation functions that counties have willingly assumed during the last two decades. with the Appropriations Committee The action appeared "This is the overriding reason why we need fiscal assis- to reflect the confidence of Chairman Russell B. Long tance now-to solve the fiscal problems arising from our (D La.) of the Finance Committee that, as amended, the willingness to assume the responsibilities accorded us (and bill had sufficient support to reject any effort by the sometimes mandated upon us) by federal and state govern- Appropriations Committee on the floor to take control of it. ments and to meet the demands of our local citizens." Many observers regarded the Appropriations Com- Andrew J. Biemiller, director, department of mittee's effort as an initial assertion of authority by John legislation, AFL-CIO, restated the organization's op- L. McClellan (D Ark.), who succeeded to the committee position to the bill: chairmanship on the death of Allen J. Ellender (D La.) "It is our judgment that the State and Local Fiscal Assis- July 27. The move scuttled the chance for Senate passage tance Act in its present form will be a cruel disappointment before the Aug. 18 recess for the Republican national to its advocates. It will fall far short of its intended goals convention. A move similar to McClellan's by Chairman and set a dangerous precedent." George Mahon (D Texas) of the House Appropriations BILL REPORTED. The Senate Finance Committee Committee failed when the bill was considered in the Aug. 16 reported an amended bill, the Revenue Sharing House. Act of 1972 (HR 14370-S Rept 92-1050). Amounts allocated to individual states and to their The revenue-sharing bill which was passed by the local governments differed substantially from the House House June 22 was substantially revised by the Senate bill's distribution. By fiscal years, the amounts provided committee. were, in billions of dollars: The amended bill provided the same total amount for revenue sharing as the House bill but, in addition, Fiscal Revenue Supplementary Total authorized supplementary social service grants at a level Year Sharing Grants of $1-billion per calendar years 1973-1976. It reduced the revenue shares for more urbanized states but increased 1972 $ 2.650 (half-year) $ 0.000 $ 2.650 shares for urbanized areas as well as less urban states. 1973 5.450 .500 (half-year) 5.950 The bill provided trust fund financing for revenue 1974 5.750 1.000 6.750 sharing to avoid the congressional appropriations process. 1975 6.050 1.000 7.050 1976 6.350 1,000 It eliminated the limits on local use of funds provided by 7.350 1977 the House bill. 3.325 (half-year) .500 (half-year) 3.825 Initial Action, Revision. The Senate bill initially TOTALS $29.575 $4.000 $33.575 was ordered reported Aug. 9 as a thoroughly amended version of the House bill. However, when the Senate The annual rates for fiscal year 1977, for the first Appropriations Committee tried to assert jurisdiction over half of which funds were provided, were $6.650-billion the bill, the Finance Committee reconsidered its action for revenue sharing, $1-billion for supplementary Aug. 11. (The Appropriations panel had voted Aug. 10 to grants and $7.650-billion in total. demand an opportunity to consider the bill before it went The committee voted 12-4 to report the bill. The to the floor.) To keep the program out of the normal dissenters were Fred R. Harris (D Okla.), Harry F. Byrd appropriations process, within which it could have been Jr. (Ind. Va.), Carl T. Curtis (R Neb.) and Len B. Jor- subject to annual appropriations, the committee revised dan (R Idaho). the bill's financing provisions to provide a "permanent" Abraham Ribicoff (D Conn.) submitted additional appropriation of 7 percent of personal income tax receipts views on the legislation, while Byrd submitted a minority to a special revenue-sharing trust fund for the five-year view. Ribicoff objected to the committee's deletion of life of the legislation. From the trust fund the secretary factors in the House bill allocation formulas which granted of the treasury was directed to pay out to the state and greater benefits in total to the local governments of ur- local governments the amounts to which they were en- banized states and to the committee's refusal to relate titled under the aid formulas adopted by the committees. state shares to federal income tax collections in each state. The trust fund was expected to provide substantially Byrd dissented on grounds that the federal government more than the amounts mandated by the bill, which began was in deficit and had no surplus revenues to share, retroactively at an annual level of $5.3-billion for the that the bill divided public accountability by giving state latter half of fiscal 1972 (Jan. 1 to June 30, 1972). and local governments funds which they had no respon- The Treasury was authorized to pay the supple- sibility for raising and that the legislation involved fed- mentary social service grants out of sums remaining from eral dictation to state and local governments. 644-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing 10 Provisions. As reported by the Finance Committee, Authorized each state government to change the for- HR 14370: mula for distribution of local government funds once Authorized revenue sharing with state and local during the five calendar years to increase, reduce or governments for five calendar years, effective retro- eliminate the effect of either total tax effort or inverse per actively to Jan. 1, 1972, at an initial fiscal year level of capita income. $5.3-billion (actually half that amount to be paid out Limited local government revenue sharing to general retroactively for the latter half of fiscal year 1972-Jan. purpose government units, excluding school districts and 1, 1972, to June 30, 1972), with annual increases of $150- other special purpose districts. million in fiscal 1973 and $300-million each fiscal year Provided that, where a city crossed county lines, the afterward, making a total of $29.575-billion over the five part within each county was to be treated separately in calendar years. calculation of the city's share (but the total share was to Authorized supplementary social service grants to be paid to the city government). state and local governments for four calendar years, Disallowed allocation of a share to any locality en- beginning Jan. 1, 1973, at an initial fiscal year level of titled to less than $200. $1-billion (half that amount to be paid out in the latter Required each state and local government to submit half of fiscal 1973), making a total of $4-billion and a an annual report to the Treasury Department setting out grand total of $33.575-billion; stipulated that the grants the purposes for which revenue-sharing funds were used were to replace existing 75-percent federal matching during the previous fiscal year and the purposes for which grants for all social services except child care and family the funds were to be used in the current or forthcoming planning (for which the matching grants would continue fiscal year. to be available). Prohibited denial of benefits under the program by Created a trust fund consisting of 7 percent of in- any state or local government on the basis of race, sex dividual income tax receipts (3.5 percent for the half- or national origin. years of fiscal 1972 and 1977) for revenue sharing and au- Prohibited use of funds as state or local funds to thorized appropriation of a sum sufficient to make match federal funds under requirements of other federal supplementary grants; required the treasury secretary to aid programs. pay state and local governments in quarterly increments Required each state and local government to estab- the sums to which the bill entitled them and authorized lish a trust fund for revenue-sharing funds received; re- use of leftover sums in the revenue-sharing trust fund for quired each state and local government to spend revenue- supplementary grants. sharing funds within the same strictures applying to their REVENUE SHARING own funds; required fiscal accounting and audit proce- dures conforming to guidelines to be established by the Distributed funds for each fiscal year among the treasury secretary after consultation with the comptroller states according to population, total tax effort of the general. state and local governments and, inversely, per capita in- Required that persons in local government jobs come relative to each of those factors for the entire financed by revenue-sharing funds be paid at rates country. prevailing for similar jobs financed with local funds but Allocated each state's share, including the annual eliminated the House bill's application of the Davis- increase, one-third to the state government and two- Bacon Act (requiring payment of prevailing- thirds to local governments. union-wage scales under federally financed construc- Required each state government to continue to share tion contracts) to local government construction contracts its own revenues with local governments to at least the financed with revenue-sharing funds. extent it did during fiscal 1972 and authorized reduction of a state government's share to the extent by which a SUPPLEMENTARY GRANTS state failed to comply. Limited 75-percent federal matching funds for social Allocated the local government share for each state service programs for welfare recipients, under the existing among the state's counties according to relative popula- Social Security program, to matching for child care and tion, inverse per capita income and total tax effort (total family planning. county and local taxes less education taxes, to eliminate Allocated supplementary grant funds among states the effect of variations in types of school districts and in on the basis of their urbanized population, as defined by financial responsibility for education). the Census Bureau, but provided a floor under which no Allocated each county's share between the county less than 30 percent of the population of any state was government and the municipal governments according to regarded as urbanized. their relative tax effort, excluding education taxes. Allocated supplementary grant funds, one-third to Allocated local governments' shares within each state governments and two-thirds to local governments; county-according to relative population, tax effort and distributed funds to local governments in the same pro- inverse per capita income-among the municipalities (and portions as revenue-sharing funds. towns, where they performed municipal services). Limited 75-percent matching for social services for the Established a floor and ceiling such that no county or remainder of calendar 1972 to existing programs at current municipality would receive less than 20 percent of the levels. average per capita allocation of all local governments in Provided for judicial review of questions involving a state or more than 145 percent; limited each county's federal withholding of state or local revenue-sharing al- and municipality's share to 50 percent of its taxes (less locations or supplementary grants. education taxes) and intergovernmental transfers for the Required information about place of residence on previous fiscal year. income tax returns, for allocation purposes. 1972 CQ ALMANAC-645 Revenue Sharing - 11 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION INCOME TAX COLLECTION for dividing $1.8-billion a year among state governments and $3.5-billion a year among local governments within Required the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to col- the states. Under the House bill, each state government's lect state individual income taxes when the state had met share would be determined by its state income tax collec- requirements of the bill and regulations to be issued by tions and by the general tax effort of all governments with- the Treasury and had entered into an agreement for that in the state. Funds for local government would be allocated purpose with the Treasury. among the states on the basis of over-all population, ur- Made the "piggyback" collection provision effective ban population and the average income of the state's Jan. 1, 1974, if a state or states with residents who had population. filed at least 5 percent of federal income tax returns in The Senate bill, on the other hand, allocated a sin- 1972 had entered a collection agreement by that date. gle lump sum to each state on the basis of three factors: Generally applied IRS regulations to collection of population, tax effort by state and local governments and state taxes and gave the treasury secretary authority to the income level of the population. One-third of that prescribe withholding rates and establish conditions for amount would go to the state government; the other two- entry into an agreement and withdrawal. thirds would be distributed among the local government Established requirements to be met in their tax units according to the same factors used to determine the systems by states to qualify for federal collection. state's allocation from the federal government. Provided that the federal government would repre- By dropping the House bill's use of state income tax sent state interests in dealings with taxpayers, including collections to compute state government shares and the legal proceedings, except in limited circumstances. urban population figure to compute each state's local Required participating states to adopt all future government shares, the Senate gave greater weight to the changes in federal individual income tax laws; prescribed income level of the population, thus favoring smaller states timing for changes in state tax laws; prescribed addi- where incomes are lower. tional types of income taxes participating states could im- The result was reduced shares of revenue-sharing pose; required conformity in taxable years, joint returns, funds for 16 states and the District of Columbia and penalties and treatment of income. greater shares for the other 34 states. The Senate's over- all redistribution formula reflected less weight given in- Senate Floor Action come taxes, a higher proportion of which are collected by larger states, and the populations of the major The Senate Sept. 12, by a 64-20 roll-call vote, passed metropolitan areas; this. resulted in smaller shares for HR 14370 establishing a five-year program to share $29,- those state governments and for local governments in 583,560,000 in federal revenues with state and local gov- populous suburban areas. On the other hand, the greater ernments and $4-billion over four years for social services. weight given low-income levels and tax effort by the (Vote 391, p. 61-S) Senate bill favored local governments in poor central During floor action on HR 14370, the Senate upheld cities and rural areas. the major revisions in the House-passed bill recommended In terms of funds provided by HR 14370, the Sen- by the Senate Finance Committee. The Senate version ate's reduction of revenue-sharing allocations to the increased the amounts provided the smaller states, at the larger states was partially offset by the addition of $1- expense of the more populous urban states. billion a year for supplementary social services grants. As passed, HR 14370 reflected the greater represen- The supplementary funds, distributed on the basis of a tation in the Senate of states with smaller populations state's urban population, primarily would benefit the and fewer cities. The votes against passage of HR 14370 larger states whose revenue-sharing funds were cut back were cast by fiscal conservatives opposed to the extent in the Senate bill. of the appropriations in the bill and by large-state sena- Approval of the supplementary funds reduced to four tors opposed to the reduced shares it gave their states. the number of states that would lose total funding under Although the allocations among states varied, House the Senate version. In terms of total federal money avail- and Senate versions provided nearly identical total able, however, the larger states still might lose money, since amounts for state and local governments, starting at an HR 14370 placed a ceiling of $1.6-billion on federal grants annual level of about $5.3-billion. for social services. In an effort to offset reductions in shared revenues In all, the Senate adopted 11 amendments to the to urban states, the Senate added $1-billion for each committee-approved bill, most of which made only minor of 1973-76, not provided by the House, for a separate pro- changes in the committee's revenue-sharing formula. It gram of grants for social services based on each state's rejected 19 amendments, some of which would have shifted urban population. At the same time, however, the Senate the whole emphasis in the distribution of revenue- limited total federal spending on such programs to $1.6- sharing funds. billion: $1-billion for programs funded by the bill and By substantial margins, the Senate rejected seven $600-million for child-care and family-planning services to amendments to provide a greater proportion of revenue- be funded under existing matching grant programs. sharing funds for the larger states. The alternative Under existing programs, in which the federal govern- formulas-proposed by senators from Ohio, New York and ment furnishes 75 percent of the cost of social services (in- Connecticut-favored larger states by giving greater cluding child care and family planning) administered by weight to population or to the population living in urban state and local governments, federal payments had been areas. expected to reach $4.7-billion in fiscal 1973. In the only change affecting total funds available At the Finance Committee's recommendation, the under HR 14370, the Senate Sept. 12 adopted an amend- Senate abandoned complex provisions in the House bill ment by Daniel K. Inouye (D Hawaii) increasing alloca- 646-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing 12 tions to Alaska and Hawaii to offset higher living costs "The committee bill is more effective than the House in the states outside the continental United States. bill in putting the money where the needs are," Long con- Inouye's amendment added $4,780,000 a year to the tended. The committee version's single formula for dis- committee-approved totals to Hawaii ($3,405,000 a year) tributing funds to states and to political divisions within and Alaska ($1,375,000 a year), leaving other states' states "has the advantage of providing consistent treat- shares unaffected. ment in allocating funds to state and local governments," In actions modifying the committee-approved pro- he added. vision for supplementary social services grants, the "The House bill distributed funds to the states only Senate Sept. 12 adopted: on an incentive basis-that is, on the basis of general tax effort and income tax collections. This ignored the 'need' By a 60-28 roll call, an amendment by Finance factor in distributing funds and meant that the lower Committee Chairman Russell B. Long (D La.) limiting income states received less than their fair share." federal matching grants for child-care and family-plan- By basing distributions to states in part on their in- ing services to $600-million a year, allocated among the come tax collections, Long argued, the House bill "dis- states according to population. (Vote 387, p. 60-S) criminates markedly against states with either no income By voice vote, an amendment by Abraham Ribicoff tax or low income taxes." (D Conn.) appropriating $1-billion a year to a separate The House formula for distributions to local govern- trust fund for the supplemental social services grants. ments "would distribute relatively large amounts of aid to Long's amendment was offered as a compromise well-to-do suburbs, reducing the amounts available for substitute for an amendment by William V. Roth Jr. distribution to the cities and low-income rural areas." (R Del.) that would have replaced the committee's $1- "The committee bill, by emphasizing both low-income billion social services grants authorization with authority levels and tax effort, channels more of the revenue-sharing for $3.15-billion a year in matching funds for such pro- funds both to the cities and to the poorer rural areas." grams-including child-care and family-planning. Long added. The committee bill, while limiting federal contribu- Conceding that the Senate committee had redu tions for state and local social services to $1-billion, had revenue-sharing allocations to the most populous states, excluded family planning and child care from the ceiling. Long argued that the committee's bill provided offsetting Roth's amendment brought child care and family plan- aid to urban states through the $1-billion supplemental ning under the ceiling but provided substantially more grant program for social services. than the committee bill for the other programs. The committee deleted House provisions restricting By limiting child care and family planning to $600- local governments' use of federal revenue funds to speci- million, Long's amendment placed a total ceiling of $1.6- fied purposes because "we are convinced that local govern- billion on federal assistance to social services programs. ments know better than we do in the Senate as to what Family planning and child care still would be funded their needs are," Long said. separately by existing programs. John V. Tunney (D Calif.) objected that the $1- Ribicoff's amendment, which was endorsed by billion supplemental grant program would disrupt Cali- Long, provided permanent appropriations for the supple- fornia's social services financing system. In California, mentary grant funds; enactment would assure state and he said, counties and states share responsibility for social local governments of receiving the funds without the fear services; but the committee bill would require that federal of congressional appropriations cutbacks in later years. funds for such programs go to cities as well. Other amendments approved by the Senate made Ribicoff Amendment. The Senate Sept. 5 resumed Indian tribes and groups that performed government debate on HR 14370 with Ribicoff introducing his amend- functions eligible for revenue sharing and attached ment revising the distribution formula to provide more existing federal wage standards to projects for which money to the larger states. revenue-sharing funds were used. "The rejuvenation of our deteriorating cities was one The Senate rejected amendments that would have of the prime considerations in the development of the limited the revenue-sharing program to two years and revenue-sharing concept," he said. "Yet the Senate Fi- required annual congressional appropriations of funds nance Committee has approved a bill which is only before they could be distributed to state and local govern- partly responsive to our urban problems. The committee's ments. formula is a conscious attempt to penalize those areas Also rejected were amendments by Democratic with the most explosive and expensive problems." senators dealing with tax reform. One, offered by Edward The committee bill's greater share for cities "does M. Kennedy (D Mass.), would have required President not compensate for the fact that in the total distribution Nixon to submit tax reform proposals to Congress before of the $5.3-billion, urban states and their state govern- the November presidential election. Amendments by ments get far less than their fair share," Ribicoff added. Frank Church (D Idaho) and Gaylord Nelson (D Wis.) " we must also recognize that many urban-oriented ser- would have repealed existing tax preferences on per- vices are provided by state governments." sonal income. Long opposed Ribicoff's amendment during debate Sept. 6, arguing that the committee version offered help to poorer states not provided by the House bill or by Ribi- Debate coff's formula. By allocating more funds to urban areas "where per- Opening debate on HR 14370 Aug. 18, Finance Com- haps sanitary services are not everything that is desired," mittee Chairman Russell B. Long (D La.) explained the Long reasoned, "in some respects you would be taking committee-approved changes in the House-passed revenue- funds away from rural people who cannot afford even a sharing bill. flush toilet." 1972 CQ ALMANAC-647 Revenue Sharing 13 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Ribicoff: "Whenever a formula comes up before the funds. The amendments were supported by organized Committee on Finance, the state of Louisiana never comes labor and by the Nixon administration. out second best Those from urban states are so outvoted By a 58-26 roll call, the Senate approved Hartke's in the committee that urban problems are overlooked and amendment applying existing federal wage standards to bypassed." workers on construction projects and to government posi- Long: Under the committee bill cities in New York tions financed with federal revenues to be shared with and California, like cities in Illinois and Michigan, which state and local governments. The amendment required needed help the most would get lots of help at the persons compensated from revenue-sharing funds to be expense of the very wealthy suburbs, which really did not paid at the prevailing wage, the state or local minimum need any assistance at all." wage or the federal minimum wage. It also applied to By a 24-61 roll-call vote Sept. 6, the Senate defeated revenue-sharing funds the 1931 Davis-Bacon Act require- Ribicoff's amendment. (Vote 367, p. 57-S) ment that workers on federally financed construction The amendment substituted a formula in which each projects receive wages equivalent to local prevailing state's share would have been determined on the basis of construction wages. (Vote 370, p. 58-S) urbanized population as well as by total population, tax Before approving Hartke's amendment, the Senate revenue and income level as under the committee bill. by voice vote adopted a modifying amendment by Fi- The Ribicoff formula would have allocated 40 per- nance Committee Chairman Russell B. Long (D La.) cent of the federal revenues shared each year among the restricting the wage requirements to projects or job posi- states according to their shares of the total population tions for which more than 25 percent of the funding came and the percentage of the urban population. The remain- from revenue-sharing money. ing 60 percent would be allocated in ratio to each state's Two other Hartke proposals were rejected Sept. 6 by state and local tax effort weighted by their per capita the Senate: income levels. By a 26-56 roll call, an amendment prohibiting use of The result would have been larger shares of federal revenue-sharing funds to induce a business or industry to revenues for the most populous and industrialized states move a factory or other facility from one area to another. and, correspondingly, reduced shares for the smaller, (Vote 371, p. 58-S) less urbanized states. All 24 votes for Ribicoff's amend- By a 27-54 roll call, an amendment applying the ment were cast by senators from states whose shares 1964 Urban Mass Transportation Act labor requirements would have been enlarged by the revised formula. to urban mass transportation systems acquired by local McClellan Amendment. By a 34-49 roll call Sept. government units with federal revenue-sharing funds. (Vote 372, p. 58-S) 7, the Senate rejected an amendment by Appropriations Debate on Hartke's amendments centered on whether Committee Chairman John L. McClellan (D Ark.) elimi- Congress should attach any conditions or qualifications nating from the committee version authority to appro- to the revenue it shared with state and local govern- priate revenue-sharing funds for the last three years ments. (fiscal 1974-76) covered under the bill. (Vote 347, p. 54-S) McClellan's amendment, an attempt to assert Long and other senators argued that any restrictive Appropriations Committee jurisdiction over revenue- amendments would be inconsistent with the purpose of sharing funds, would have required the committee's revenue sharing and that Hartke's amendments would approval of amounts distributed to the states during apply federal labor standards to projects financed with those fiscal years. The Finance Committee bill provided only small percentages of federal funds. a permanent annual appropriation of 7 percent of per- Taft Formula. Introducing an amendment re- sonal income tax revenue to a special revenue-sharing vising the distribution formula so that the larger states trust fund and authorized the secretary of the Treasury would receive more of the total amount, Robert Taft Jr. to distribute the money in fiscal 1972-76 according to (R Ohio) Sept. 8 said the Finance Committee bill "re- amounts authorized by the bill. sulted in a very serious net loss to a great many states and, McClellan's amendment would have appropriated particularly, to many of our larger cities. $2,650,000,000 retroactively from the trust fund for fiscal "Many of the states are shortchanged," he added, and 1972 and $5,450,000,000 for fiscal 1973. For subsequent many of them are among the larger states where the fiscal years, the bill allowed revenue-sharing appropria- problems and expenses are the greatest." tions to be included in the previous year's appropriations Citing his own state's $40-million loss under the measures to give state and local governments advance committee version, Taft argued that "Ohio should not be notice of how much money they could expect to receive. victimized by a formula which rewards high taxes and The Appropriations Committee Aug. 10 had voted to governmental inefficiency." The amendment was killed demand that it be given an opportunity to consider HR when Long's motion to table it was adopted on a 52-24 14370 before it went to the floor. The Finance Committee, roll-call vote. (Vote 380, p. 59-S) which had ordered the bill reported Aug. 9, then revised Long said Taft's formula left out tax effort, "one the measure's financing provisions to head off the Appro- factor that the administration found to be a compelling priations Committee's claim of jurisdiction over the bill. factor" in determining revenue-sharing allocations. Of 34 votes for McClellan's amendment, 21 were Under Secretary of the Treasury Charls E. Walker had cast by members of the Appropriations Committee. endorsed the Finance Committee formula, Long added. Hartke Amendments. The Senate Sept. 6 adopted Tax Amendments. Church and Nelson Sept. 11 one of three amendments offered by Vance Hartke (D presented their amendments to eliminate tax prefer- Ind.) applying existing federal labor standards to projects ences. The resulting increase in tax money would pay the and government positions financed with revenue-sharing cost of revenue-sharing, they said. Both amendments were 648-1972 ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing - 14 killed by adoption of motions by Long to table them. ment employee be paid at the prevailing local wage, (Votes 382, 383, p. 60-S) state or local minimum wage or federal minimum wage "The Senate is on the verge of passing a $35-billion (whichever was highest) in cases where revenue-sharing revenue-sharing measure without raising a dime to pay funds made up 25 percent or more of the employees' for it," Church said. "Just because the administration compensation, and apply the 1931 Davis-Bacon Act re- has abandoned all sense of fiscal responsibility, the Sen- quirement that workers on federally financed construc- ate is not absolved of its duty to keep the federal govern- tion projects receive prevailing local construction wages ment solvent." on projects for which more than 25 percent of the financing Adoption of both amendments would advance two came from revenue-sharing funds. Roll call, 58-26. objectives: revenue sharing and tax reform, Church said. Sept. 7-Hubert H. Humphrey (D Minn.)-Direct Herman E. Talmadge (D Ga.), third-ranking Demo- the Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation to crat on the Finance Committee, said adoption of tax re- prepare by June 30, 1973, a report on real estate and form amendments would be a "futile gesture" because property tax administration. Voice. House conferees would not accept tax provisions which James L. Buckley (Cons-R N.Y.)-Permit states originated as a non-germane Senate amendment. to transfer taxing authority to local governments and re- Social Services. Offering an amendment that duce corresponding state fund transfers to local would have deleted the provision for supplementary social governments without losing revenue-sharing funds. Voice. services grants, Lawton Chiles (D Fla.) said the Finance Sept. 8-John V. Tunney (D Calif.)-Amendment Committee should make a thorough study of social ser- to Metcalf amendment (below)-Make Indian bands, vices funding before Congress acted. groups, pueblos and communities, as well as tribes and Although many states "have abused the program Alaskan native villages, eligible for federal revenue- and some of the funding," he said, "many of the services sharing funds. Voice. are certainly valuable to the concept that Congress set up Lee Metcalf (D Mont.)-As modified by Tunney when it provided for matching funds...in an attempt to amendment (above)-Set aside 0.25 percent of federal keep many of our citizens off welfare...." revenue-sharing funds for allocation to Alaskan native Long defended the committee provision, arguing that villages and Indian tribes, bands, groups, pueblos and the existing "open-ended three-for-one federal match- communities that perform government services. Voice. ing for so-called social services takes the cake as being Hartke-Provide that any state income tax col- the most irresponsible, wide-open federal expenditure lected by the federal government under the mechanism to do things no one in Congress ever intended...' established by the bill could be levied on a transporta- The amendment was rejected on an 18-67 roll-call vote. tion worker only if 50 percent or more of the worker's (Vote 385, p. 60-S) wages were earned within the state. Voice. Child Care, Family Planning. In proposing a $600- Sept. 12-Long-Substitute amendment for Roth million limit on matching funds for child-care and family- amendment (below) to delete a provision in the planning programs, Long Sept. 12 insisted that Con- bill authorizing $1-billion annually in supplementary gress should enact a meaningful ceiling on federal grants for social services other than child care and family contributions to social services programs. planning and substitute an authorization of $3.15-billion Combined with the $1-billion ceiling on contributions a year in federal matching funds for social services in- to other social programs in the committee bill, he said, cluding child care and family planning-Limit child- the $600-million limit would place annual federal con- care and family-planning matching grants to $600-million tributions for social services at $1.6-billion-an amount a fiscal year, allocated among the states according to certain to be increased in conference with the House. their urban populations. Roll call, 60-28. With a total $1.6-billion ceiling in the Senate bill, William V. Roth Jr. (R Del.)-As amended Long added, "we might have to settle for $3-billion. Long amendment (above). Voice. However, if we go to conference with the $3.1-billion Abraham Ribicoff (D Conn.)-Appropriate to a (allowed by Roth's amendment), we might have to set- Social Service Trust Fund out of Treasury funds $500-mil- tle for $4.5-billion or $5-billion." Long's substitute was lion in fiscal 1973, $1-billion in each of fiscal 1974-76 adopted on a 60-28 roll-call vote. (Vote 387, p. 60-S) and $500-million in fiscal 1977 for payments to state and Backing Roth's amendment, Robert Dole (R Kan.) local governments as supplementary grants for social said its provisions would establish "a fair and financially services. Voice. responsible formula for continued funding of the state Daniel K. Inouye (D Hawaii)-Increase amounts social services programs at a reasonable level." available from the revenue-sharing funds for payments to Amendments Accepted-Sept. 6-Russell B. Long state and local governments by $2,390,000 in fiscal 1972, (D La.)-Amendment to first Hartke amendment (be- by $4,780,000 in each of fiscal 1973-76 and by $2,390,- low)-Apply 1931 Davis-Bacon Act requirement, that 000 in fiscal 1977, and increase the revenue-sharing funds workers on federally financed construction projects re- allocated each year to those states where federal govern- ceive prevailing local construction wages, to projects ment employees received cost-of-living allowances by the financed with revenue-sharing funds. Roll-call vote, 86-0. same percentage as the increase in those employees' basic Long-Amendment to first Hartke amendment (be- compensation provided by such allowances (15 percent in low)-Restrict wage requirements under Davis-Bacon Hawaii and 25 percent in Alaska, increasing Hawaii's an- Act and Hartke amendment to construction projects or nual allocation by $3,405,000 and Alaska's by $1,- government positions for which more than 25 percent of the 375,000). Voice. financing came from revenue-sharing funds. Voice vote. Amendments Rejected-Sept. 6-Abraham Ribi- Vance Hartke (D Ind.)-As modified by Long amend- coff (D Conn.)-Revise formula for distribution of fed- ments (above)-Require that a state or local govern- eral revenues among states, allocating 40 percent of re- 1972 CQ ALMANAC-649 Revenue Sharing 15 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION venue-sharing funds according to each state's share of Sept. 11-Frank Church (D Idaho)-Repeal the as- total U.S. population and percentage of U.S. urban set depreciation range (ADR) system of accelerated de- population, and allocating the remaining 60 percent in preciation allowances on business plant and equipment ratio to each state's local and state tax effort weighted put into effect in 1971 by the Nixon administration. Re- by per capita income levels. Roll-call vote, 24-61. jected by adoption of Long motion to table. Roll call, Vance Hartke (D Ind.)-Prohibit use of revenue-shar- 56-21. ing funds to induce a business or industry to move a Gaylord Nelson (D Wis.)-Modify existing minimum factory or other facility from one area to another. Roll tax on personal income given preferential tax treatment call, 26-56. by reducing to $12,000 from $30,000 the exemption on Hartke-Apply the 1964 Urban Mass Transporta- preference income through stock options, bad debt reserves, tion Act labor requirements to urban mass transportation depletion allowances and capital gains and increasing the systems that would be acquired by local government units tax rate on such income. Rejected by adoption of Long with federal revenue-sharing funds. Roll call, 27-54. motion to table. Roll call, 60-23. Sept. 7-John L. McClellan (D Ark.)-Delete pro- Edward J. Gurney (R Fla.)-Require the secretary visions for permanent appropriation of 7 percent of fed- of the treasury to withhold revenue-sharing payments to eral personal income tax revenue in fiscal 1972-76 to a local government units that failed to revise property tax revenue-sharing trust fund for payments to state and assessments after the secretary had determined that the local governments, and substitute a provision appropriat- ratios of their assessments to property market values ing $2,650,000,000 retroactively in fiscal 1972 and $5,450,- varied by more than 15 percent from the statewide aver- 000 in fiscal 1973 from the trust fund for payments to age ratio of assessments to property market value. Roll state and local governments (thus requiring separate call, 8-75. congressional appropriation of funds for revenue-sharing Lawton Chiles (D Fla.)-Delete provision authoriz- in fiscal years 1974-76). Roll call, 34-49. ing supplementary social services grants to state and local Hubert H. Humphrey (D Minn.)-Require the governments of $1-billion a year, limiting existing match- President to report to Congress and the comptroller gen- ing fund grants for social services to child-care and eral of the General Accounting Office whenever he im- family-planning programs and limiting 1972 social services pounded funds appropriated by Congress, giving the matching grants to existing programs. Roll call, 18-67. amounts impounded and his reasons for doing so. Re- Jacob K. Javits (R N.Y.)-Create a Urban Dividend jected by adoption of Long motion to table. Roll call, Trust Fund providing an additional $1.5-billion over five 46-39. fiscal years for distribution among the states according Sept. 8-James L. Buckley (Cons-R N.Y.)-Limit to the size of their urban populations. Roll call, 27-57. federal revenue-sharing to two years (July 1, 1972-June Sept. 12-Taft-Increase revenue-sharing funds for 30, 1974) instead of the five years (Jan. 1, 1972-Dec. each year covered by the bill by $360.7-million and al- 31, 1976) provided by the bill. Roll call, 14-62. locate for each of these years to the states the greater of Buckley-Delete provisions requiring reports by local the following amounts: an amount in ratio to a state's and state governments on their use of revenue-sharing population weighted by tax effort and average income funds, barring discrimination in programs financed with level (as under the committee bill), or an amount in ratio revenue-sharing funds, barring use of revenue-sharing to its population alone. Rejected by adoption of Long funds as state or local contributions for obtaining fed- motion to table. Roll call, 60-30. eral matching funds under other programs and setting Taft-Revise formula for allocating revenue-sharing conditions for administration of revenue-sharing funds by funds among the states to distribute one-third of the state and local governments. Roll call, 6-70. total amount in the bill by population, one-third by tax Edward M. Kennedy (D Mass.)-Require the effort and one-third by relative income (rather than President to submit to Congress preliminary proposals for determining each state's share by computing the amount tax reform by Oct. 31, 1972, and final proposals by March for each state on these factors together). Roll call, 32-49. 31, 1973. Rejected by adoption of Long motion to table. Taft-Delete the formula for allocating revenue-shar- Roll call, 52-24. ing funds among the states and determine each state's Kennedy-Establish a Voter Registration Adminis- share solely by its population. Rejected by adoption of tration within the Bureau of the Census to administer a Long motion to table. Roll call, 60-28. voluntary voter registration program for state and local government with federal assistance. Rejected by adop- tion of Talmadge motion to table. Roll call, 48-28. Conference Agreement Robert Taft Jr. (R Ohio)-Increase to 7.33 percent from 7 percent the percentage of annual federal income House and Senate conferees Sept. 25 filed a confer- taxes available for revenue sharing (thus increasing ence report on HR 14370 (S Rept 92-1229) establishing a the total amount provided for each year by $374,500,000), five-year program to share $30,236,400,000 in federal and revise the formula for allocation of the funds among revenues with state and local governments. states to give each state the greater of two amounts: an In an unusual compromise, the conference agreement amount based on its share of total U.S. population or an allowed each state the larger of the revenue-sharing allo- amount based on its relative per capita income. Rejected cations its state and local governments would receive by adoption of Long motion to table. Roll call, 52-24. under conflicting House- and Senate-approved distri- Buckley-Replace provision for sharing federal bution formulas. revenues with the states with a provision directing the The House formula, based on five factors, provided Internal Revenue Service to return to each state 7 per- larger amounts to more populous, urbanized states. The cent of the federal income tax collected from each tax- Senate formula, based on three factors, favored less payer in the state. Roll call, 6-55. populous, rural states. (Continued on p. 652) 650-1972 CQ ALMANAC MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Revenue Sharing at 16 Revenue Sharing: State Allocations in 1972 Under Conference Bill (in millions of dollars) CONFERENCE AGREEMENT Before After House Senate scaling to scaling to States' Local States bill bill 1 $5.3 billion $5.3 billion share 4 share 5 United States, total $5,300.0 $5,300.0 $5,821.1 $5,303.9 $1,767.8 $3,536.1 Alabama 80.2 127.6 127.6 116.1 38.7 77.4 Alaska 6.6 5.5 5.5 2 6.33 2.1 4.2 Arizona 46.1 55.1 55.1 50.2 16.7 33.5 Arkansas 38.3 60.4 60.4 55.0 18.3 36.7 California 610.8 510.4 610.8 556.1 185.4 370.7 Colorado 59.4 60.0 60.0 54.6 18.2 36.4 Connecticut 72.6 57.5 72.6 66.2 22.1 44.1 Delaware 17.3 12.9 17.3 15.8 5.3 10.5 District of Columbia 26.0 14.1 26.0 23.6 7.9 15.7 Horida 150.0 160.3 160.3 146.0 48.7 97.3 Georgia 103.4 120.7 120.7 109.9 36.6 73.3 Hawaii 25.9 22.7 22.7 2 23.8 3 7.9 15.9 Idaho 15.4 21.8 21.8 19.9 6.7 13.2 Illinois 301.8 250.9 301.8 274.7 91.5 183.2 Indiana 113.8 114.6 114.6 104.3 34.8 69.5 lowa 67.8 84.6 84.6 77.0 25.6 51.4 Kansas 47.7 58.0 58.0 52.8 17.6 35.2 Kentucky 71.8 95.9 95.9 87.3 29.1 58.2 Louisiana 83.2 124.8 124.8 113.6 37.9 75.7 Maine 19.9 34.2 34.2 31.1 10.3 20.8 Maryland 117.5 94.8 117.5 107.0 35.7 71 Massachusetts 179.0 143.5 179.0 163.0 44.3 Michigan 243.7 210.9 243.7 221.9 74.0 Minnesota 114.1 108.2 114.1 103.9 34.6 Mississippi 46.0 99.6 99.6 90.7 30.2 60.5 Missouri 107.6 108.5 108.5 98.8 33.0 65.8 Montana 16.7 22.6 22.6 20.6 6.9 13.7 Nebraska 34.5 47.1 47.1 42.9 14.3 28.6 Nevada 12.2 11.9 12.2 11.1 3.7 7.4 New Hampshire 13.5 16.7 16.7 15.2 5.1 10.1 New Jersey 179.7 142.6 179.7 163.6 54.5 109.1 New Mexico 22.5 36.5 36.5 33.2 11.0 22.2 New York 649.6 507.1 649.6 591.4 197.1 394.3 North Carolina 113.0 148.8 148.8 135.5 45.2 90.3 North Dakota 12.0 21.7 21.7 19.7 6.5 13.2 Ohio 227.4 185.4 227.4 207.0 69.0 138.0 Oklahoma 52.9 65.3 65.3 59.4 19.8 39.6 Oregon 60.1 61.8 61.8 56.2 18.7 37.5 Pennsylvania 300.9 290.2 300.9 274.0 91.3 182.7 Rhode Island 25.9 23.1 25.9 23.6 7.9 15.7 South Carolina 57.9 89.5 89.5 81.5 27.2 54.3 South Dakota 13.5 27.6 27.6 25.1 8.4 16.7 Tennessee 79.3 108.1 108.1 98.4 32.8 65.6 Texas 248.3 268.6 268.6 244.5 81.5 163.0 Utah 29.0 34.5 34.5 31.4 10.5 20.9 Vermont 11.0 16.3 16.3 14.8 4.9 9.9 Virginia 115.6 109.7 115.6 105.2 35.0 70.2 Washington 79.1 92.3 92.3 84.1 28.1 56.0 West Virginia 36.4 57.5 57.5 52.3 17.4 34.9 Wisconsin 137.0 147.1 147.1 133.9 44.6 89.3 Wyoming 6.1 10.7 10.7 9.7 3.2 6.5 1 Excludes $1-billion in supplementary grants for social services programs. 5 Local share includes amounts to be redistributed to state governments to reduce 2 Before cost-of-living adjustment for states outside continental United States a local government's share to no more than 50 percent of the local government's 3 After cost-of-living adjustment. tax and intergovernmental transfer receipts. 4 One-third to state governments and two-thirds to local governments. SOURCE: Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation 1972 CQ ALMANAC-651 Revenue Sharing - 17 MAJOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION (Continued from p. 650) While allowing a choice between two methods of The Senate formula, which would multiply the determining how much federal revenue would go to all state's population by its general tax effort and by its relative income, would determine the state's revenue- governments within a state, the conferees adopted the Senate bill's provisions for determining how the state sharing allocation by comparing the product to the figure total would be allocated among the state government and produced by the same factors for the nation as a whole. various local government units. Under the conference agreement, only 15 states and the District of Columbia would be funded under the Accepting a principle followed by the House bill, the conference committee agreed to a modified provision House-passed formula. Those states were California, placing restrictions on how local governments could use Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, Massachu- federally shared revenues. setts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New The conferees also agreed to drop a Senate provision York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Virginia. The remainder would be funded under the Senate formula. providing $4-billion over four years for supplementary social services grants and to propose a substitute limiting With each state given the higher of two possible existing federal matching grants for state and local social shares, total funding under the first-year program in 1972 was increased to $5,821,000,000 from the $5.3-billion service programs to $2.5-billion a year for specified planned in both the House and Senate versions. To offset purposes. Under the conference agreement, the federal govern- the increase, the conference agreement provided for re- ment would distribute $5,303,900,000 to state and local ducing each state's allocation proportionately to keep the total for 1972 at $5,303,900,000. governments in 1972. The effective date of revenue shar- Of that total for calendar 1972, $4,780,000 was in ing was retroactive to Jan. 1. the form of cost-of-living adjustments for Alaska and In subsequent years, the amount of federal revenues shared with other governments would rise by $150-million Hawaii, both geographically separate from the rest of the a year, reaching $6,350,000,000 for the last full fiscal year country and both with higher costs of living. (1976) of the program. On a fiscal year basis, the confer- The extra funds for Alaska and Hawaii were provided ence agreement provided for sharing federal revenues in by a Senate floor amendment accepted by the conferees. the last half of fiscal 1972, fiscal 1973-76 and the first half The conference agreement appropriated an additional of fiscal 1977. On a calendar year basis, the program $23.9-million over five years for the adjustments. would run from Jan. 1, 1972, to Dec. 31, 1976. Local Governments. The conference agreement, like State Allocations. Under the conference compromise, the Senate bill, allocated one-third of each state's share each state would receive the greater of two amounts to the state government and the remaining two-thirds computed in the following methods: to local government units within the state. At the 1972 The House formula, which at the initial annual level level of $5,303,900,000, for instance, $1,767,800,000 would of $5.3-billion would allocate $3.5-billion among the states go to state governments and $3,536,100,000 to local on the basis of population (one-third), urbanized popula- governments. tion (one-third) and population weighted by per capita Following the Senate version's method, the confer- income (one-third). The remaining $1.8-billion would be ence agreement allocated the local government share of allocated among the states on the basis of individual each state's entitlement as follows: income tax collections by state governments (one-half) Each county would receive an amount computed on and general tax effort by state and local governments the basis of population, tax effort and relative income (one-half). (the three-factor Senate formula for state allocations.) Each county government would receive a share deter- mined by the ratio of its tax collections to tax collections by all governments in the county. Revenue Sharing Conferees All township governments within a county together would receive a total amount determined by their cumu- The conferees, all senior members of the Senate lative share of tax collections, with each township's Finance and House Ways and Means Committees, amount determined by the three-factor formula. reflected the large-state small-state differences Municipal governments would share the remainder of between the two versions of the bill. each county's allocation according to the three-factor Of the Senate conferees-Democrats Long, Clin- formula. ton P. Anderson (N.M.) and Herman E. Talmadge The conference agreement included a provision allo- (Ga.) and Republicans Wallace F. Bennett (Utah) cating part of a county area's allotment to the govern- and Carl T. Curtis (Neb.)-none was from a large ing bodies of local Indian tribes or Alaskan native industrial state. villages that performed substantial governmental func- The House conferees-Democrats Wilbur D. tions. A Senate floor amendment to HR 14370 set aside Mills (Ark.), chairman of the Ways and Means 0.25 percent of total revenue-sharing funds for Indian Committee, Al Ullman (Ore.), James A. Burke tribes and Alaskan natives; the conference agreement (Mass.) and Martha W. Griffiths (Mich.) and Repub- provided them a share of county allocations on the basis licans Jackson E. Betts (Ohio), Herman T. Schneebeli of population. (Pa.) and Joel T. Broyhill (Va.)-gave greater repre- As did both the House and Senate versions, the sentation to larger states. Mills, the most influential conference agreement permitted states to legislate House conferee, was from a small state that would optional formulas for distributing local government funds gain an additional $26.9-million under the Senate after the first year of revenue sharing. The conferees version. approved Senate guidelines for such optional formulas, however, and discarded the House-approved guidelines. 652-1972 CQ ALMANAC