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Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, 1969-70
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4535620
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Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, 1969-70
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Gerald R. Ford Congressional Papers
Justice William O. Douglas Investigation Files
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Supreme Court of the United States. (02/02/1790 - )
Judicial impeachment
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1970-08-31
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1969
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The original documents are located in Box R12, folder "Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions" of the Gerald R. Ford Congressional Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. Stronghold of the Intellectual Left P FORD LIBRARY "a A Critique of The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions by W.S.MCBIRNIE ressional Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library A Critique of The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions WILLIAM STEUART McBIRNIE B.A., B.D., M.R.E., D.D., D.R.E., O.S.J. SENIOR minister, UNITED COMMUNITY CHURCH GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA the RIOTS brth! Vietnam, lin For Wall, zati pac} at in Carson's Ward's, ber firt on the least or FIRES bom [SEDITION] of education for i al riots are THE in the nean the widest dreams. tant Black Panth zation, has mad statements allyin with the philo smoke billowe uelinese C BOMBING 01 it was The SERALD STRIKES "There nd is no Mail that Chav ding on bringing acq at' IMMORALITY vement ro и g tri and oth ns. act ure is M of the try. I he lowers work. worker dvan pping, state NEW LEFT aid dep. Bo hm has ent not to-admit MURDER conce Ella STATE ST ANARCHY that If Mass; and b. our f Spokesman THE er a north the his levera he make po ARSON have in their arsonists posses- in spectaculare spectaculacular fires core last April M PROTEST to tator has of est medical research the use MARCHES it. and The has pointed an and We're the ie and cants a if the th ap- violent cate natical street from crashed a U has Jukuo- gainst this is stituted th up 0 Z You record res S demonstrates government. d ave of gove afct is den st revosed all has remove become the officeckage,which fraiernity wreckage. which militant the mo amited inquiry States Atty. Source To of still quietly gathering other chores. evid From Rune Hyspers 255 Broadway Costa mesa FOR LIBRA / Calif 92 627 & FIRST WHY Justice WM. O.Douglas SHOULD BE IMPEACHED! W. S. McBIRNIE The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions/The Fund for the Republic, Inc. May 22, 1970 FORD LIBRARY & 038400 Mr. R. S. Barry 131 1/4 North Catalina Street Los Angeles, California 90004 Dear Mr. Barry: Dean Kenneth Tollett called my attention to your letter. I enclose a copy of the March-April issue of the Center Newsletter, which explains why we sponsored a meeting on "Steps to Survival" in Los Angeles. I also enclose a copy of the most recent report of Dr. Robert Hutchins, describing the Center and its program. And I enclose a membership form, with the hope that you' 11 want to become a member. Sincerely, Frank K. Kelly Frank K. Kelly Vice President Enclosures. Box 4068, Santa Barbara, California 93103/Telephone: (805) 969-3281/Cable: CENTER SANTABARBARA (CALIF) Please enter a membership in THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS for the following: Check Name Category of Membership Street City State Zip Founding $1,000 a year Supporting 500 a year Sustaining 100 a year Name Contributing 50 a year Street Participating 25 a year City State Zip Associate 15 a year Check enclosed If the enclosed is a gift the Center will send an appropriate announcement Bill me Print your name Tear Off Insert and Seal ENVELOPE MEMBERSHIP CENTER FORD LIBRARY & GERALD BUSINESS REPLY MAIL First Class Permit No. 84 No postage stamp necessary if mailed in the United States Santa Barbara, Calif. Postage will be paid by: Membership Department Box 4068 Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions Santa Barbara, California 93103 The FORD is Center Newsletter GERALD LIBRAR A Bulletin for Members and Friends of the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions Vol. I, No. 5 March-April, 1970 Discussion Groups and engaged the rest of mankind as well as each other in a genuine dialogue we would still be speaking the Cry for Action within the family, the Family of Man. Ours could be the most exciting conversation mankind has known History suggests that good dialogue is infectious, As increasing numbers of Center members if only because human being have minds; they can form or participate in discussion groups, questions therefore learn; when they learn, they come alive " about the relationships of these groups to various Striving to carry on "a genuine dialogue" is types of action are raised in letters and inquiries by hard but exhilarating work. It takes tremendous pa- telephone to the Center staff. tience. It requires a willingness to read widely and Center members, like all other responsible deeply. It takes the courage to admit that there may citizens, are concerned about the signs of chaos in be no apparent answers to very complicated prob- our society. Many members belong to civic organiza- lems. It requires faith in the intellect, and finding tions engaged in a variety of projects. Some of them joy in the exercise of the mind - and in the flashes ask whether the Center endorses or advocates ideas of insight that illuminate the world. offered through The Center Magazine or in such John W. Gardner, head of the Urban Coalition, books as Man V. The State, Embers of the World, declared in a Godkin Lecture at Harvard: "My day- and Asian Dilemma. to-day activities center around down-to-earth ques- Actually the Center endorses and advocates tions: how to get adequate housing for the poor, jobs only the ideal of dialogue. Dialogue is difficult to for the hardcore unemployed, food for hungry chil- maintain in an age when the clashes of groups and dren, early schooling for the disadvantaged, equal "crash programs" become strident. But the Fellows opportunity for blacks. It is not easy to turn from and staff members believe that this concept must such preoccupations to the broad canvas of social be steadily maintained and advanced for the future philosophy. But it is necessary. The problems I work of mankind. on every day are made more difficult of solution We believe that thinking and discussing fun- because we lack any adequate perspective on social damental questions may enable people to find their action and social change." way through the roaring currents of change. There People at the Center are deeply aroused about are thousands of "action groups" today. Some of housing for the poor, jobs for the unemployed, food them serve constructive purposes. Others add to the for the hungry, schooling for the disadvantaged, equal anxiety and confusion that afflicts so many people. opportunity for blacks and all minorities, and the The Center is not an "action group" in the conflicts that threaten to tear the world apart. But usual sense of that term. But there is much action at Center people believe that their principal task is to the Center — action of the mind and spirit, stimulat- strive for an "adequate perspective on social action ing thought and forward steps. That is the kind of and social change." action we want to see in discussion groups developed We think that the way to a better future is the by our members, who have wide varieties of experi- way of understanding what is really going on - and ence and are doing much thinking themselves. what the possibilities for constructive change really In a Center pamphlet entitled The Civilization are. We believe that participants in Center discus- of the Dialogue, Senior Fellow John Wilkinson point- sion groups can help to develop these possibilities ed out: "Machines already converse with one another into realities. more than men do with machines or with their fel- Frank K. Kelly lows If human values are to be conserved, it will be necessary to reintroduce into life what has nearly disappeared from it - the Civilization of the Dia- Topics and Participants in Meetings logue." Stringfellow Barr said: "The collapse of good on the Center Calendar - discussion has isolated the members of this genera- tion one from another Out of all mankind, only February and March, 1970 some two hundred millions of us are Americans, The Calendar of events in February at the Center but we enjoy one advantage that no other nation included the following: enjoys to a like extent: we, or our ancestors have February 1 - Pacem in Maribus planning conference gathered here from every continent on earth. If we held in Rhode Island, concluded. Tapes 242 tapes for broadcast and discussion, offered to radio stations, discussion groups, classrooms, etc., produced by the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions On the Racial Issue 5 On Peace and War 11 On Technology and Men 18 On the Supreme Court and the Constitution 26 On the World Around Us 29 On the Ins and Outs of Modern Government 33 On Capitalism, Socialism, Communism 37 On Education, Students, and the Generation Gap 40 On America and Americans 47 A Special Series: Slightly Autobiographical 53 1969 Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions Box 4068 Santa Barbara, California 93103 ADDENDUM GERALD FORD LIBRARY 1969 TAPE CATALOGUE 452 "SOLITARY, SINGING IN THE WEST " 55:12 Although this program was prepared especially to celebrate the birthday of the noted educator, Robert M. Hutchins, it is an excellent sound portrait of the man, his views and his achievements. Mr. Hutchins, formerly President of the University of Chicago, is Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Center. 453 ABM: YES OR NO? 56:43 Excerpts from a two-day symposium on what may be the most crucial decision for the survival of mankind. When all the technical data is in, the debate revolves on what kind of world shall we choose to live in. Participants include Jerome B. Wiesner, former science adviser to President Kennedy, now provost of Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Donald Brennan of the Hudson Institute; General Leon Johnson, who was Director of the Net Evaluation Subcommittee of the National Security Council from 1961 to 1965; U.S. Senator George S. McGovern; A. A. Berle, Jr., former Assistant Secretary of State and Ambassador to Brazil; I. I. Rabi, Nobel Laureate, now Higgins Professor of Physics, Columbia University; and Harry S. Ashmore and Harvey Wheeler of the staff of the Center, which sponsored this conference. 454 FINAL WORDS OF THOMAS MERTON 42:22 In the fall of 1967, for the first time in 25 years, Father Thomas Merton, a Trappist monk at the Abbey of Gethsemani in Kentucky, was given leave from the monastery to attend a meeting of Asian Catholic abbots in Bangkok and to study oriental monasticism at close range. Before leaving the country, he visited the Center in Santa Barbara where he talked about- many things. A few weeks later, Father Merton died by accidental electrocution in Bangkok. He was 53 years old. As far as we know, this was the last recorded conversation with Father Merton. 455 CZECHOSLOVAKIA: THE ART OF THE IMPOSSIBLE 51:32 Milton Mayer, writer-teacher, who has visited Czechoslovakia extensively and who was a member of the Comenius University faculty in Prague, explains the Good Soldier Schweik technique used by the Czechs to resist and demoralize the Russians in the invasion of August, 1968. Non-violent only in its lack of the use of arms, it aimed to bedevil rather than redeem the aggressor. Center Fellows join in the discussion. GERALD FORD LIBRARY 456 SCIENTISTS: ON TOP OR ON TAP? 44:23 Ninety per cent of all the scientists who have ever lived are still alive. The impact of their intense activity on society and the rapidity with which industrial and military interests seize upon their discoveries is cause for alarm. To help quell the tempest in the bombshell, Center Fellow Harvey Wheeler suggests the "constitutionalization of science,' which would put science under democratic control and rule of law geared toward the help and enlightenment of man rather than toward his extinction. Neil Jacoby, Visiting Center Fellow, moderates a panel discussion which includes Mr. Wheeler, a political scientist; Lord Ritchie-Calder, science historian; Norman Peterson, Director of Systems Development at Victor Gruen Associates; and Helmut Krauch, who recently worked on developing a science program for Germany. 457 CREATIVE NON-VIOLENCE 19:47 Grapes represent the fifth largest crop in California, but though grape workers have contracts with the wine makers, table grape growers have refused union recognition. Cesar Chavez, charismatic non-violent leader of the farm workers, talks informally with Fellows at the Center about the major labor conflict that may be developing if the dispute between growers and workers is not soon settled. 458 PROPOSAL FOR A BLACK COLLEGE 27:38 Current black studies curricula are insufficient for black students' needs today, says W. H. Ferry, who proposes a two-year black college. His colleagues at the Center suggest the proposal is about politics, not education. 459 "THE RICH PAY A FINE, THE POOR GO TO JAIL": A SOCIOLOGY OF THE LAW 27:18 Studies show that our legal system deals primarily with the poor, who fail at crime and cannot obtain the legal services available to more affluent lawbreakers. A program of "preventive law," such as domestic counselling clinics and classes in consumer buying, could prevent ghetto legal problems from falling under police jurisdiction. Participating in the discussion are Brownlee Hayden of RAND Corporation; Justice Warren E. Burger, then of the U.S. Court of Appeals in Washington, D.C., now Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court; Judge Walter Schaefer of the Illinois Superior Court; Sam Dash of the Institute of Criminal Law and Procedure in Washington, D.C.; Gresham Sykes, sociologist at the University of Denver Law Center; and Hallock Hoffman of the Center. FORD & LIBRARY GERALD 460 THE ADVERSARY SYSTEM 58:16 In contrast to European criminal procedure, Anglo Saxon law uses an adversary court system. After a survey of courts abroad, Judge Warren E. Burger, now Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, suggests that both the alternate European system and the more highly profes- sionalized British adversary system function better than the adversary system in American courts. Participating in the discussion with Judge Burger are Sam Dash, director of the Institute of Criminal Law and Procedure; Gresham M. Sykes, sociologist and director of the administration of justice program at the University of Denver Law Center; Robert M. Hutchins, Chairman of the Center; and Center Fellows Harry S. Ashmore, Rexford Tugwell, Gerald Gottlieb, William Gorman, C. Edward Crowther and Hallock Hoffman. 461 IDEAS IN THE MARKETPLACE 26:05 "The truth will win out in a debate in the marketplace," says Morris Ernst, internationally famous lawyer and civil liberties defender. In a conversation with Hallock Hoffman at the Center, Mr. Ernst talks about censorship and the need to enlarge the channels for truthful dissemination of news and ideas. 462 YOU MUST GO HOME AGAIN 53:48 A highly personal and deeply moving story of one young black teacher who decided to return to his Southern rural home to initiate a program to change the life experiences of his people. Norris Hart talks with John Cogley at the Center. 463 RURAL DEVELOPMENT: RICH LAND FOR POOR 47:45 Slater King, Southern real estate and rural development expert, at a meeting at the Center, presents his land trust idea as a means of encouraging poor blacks and whites to come back to the farm from congested urban areas and to even the odds of those who are struggling to hold onto their land. The land trust would be privately organized as a non-profit corporation and would be adaptable to community needs. Participating in the discussion are Robert Choate, Fellow of the National Institute of Public Affairs; Eleanor Eaton, Coordinator of the AFSC Rural Programs; Gar Alperovitz of the Institute for Policy Studies; Don Devereux, Consultant for HELP in Santa Fe; Robert Swann of the International Independence Institute; and Center Fellows. FORD & LIBRARY GERALD 464 THE ROLE OF THE JURY IN POLITICAL CRIMES 28:50 Harrop A. Freeman, Professor of Law at Cornell University, argues that in certain kinds of criminal trials in the federal courts, the jury need not be bound by the judge's instructions as to the law. The argument is particularly relevant to trials of war resisters. Center Fellows join in the discussion. 465 THE WILD GOOSE CHASE FOR REALITY 25:55 "The basic quality. necessary to genuine art is coming to grips with the world of chaotic events and finding an order in it," says painter Howard Warshaw. In an informal interview, Mr. Warshaw expounds on this "wild-goose chase for reality. " A knowledgeable commentary on the roles of art and the artist in a democratic society. John Cogley, Editor of The Center Magazine, poses the questions. 466 THE EARTH KILLERS 28:20 Physicists can blow up the world; bacteriologists can destroy it by disease; pollution can suffocate it; and a population explosion can starve it to death. Lord Ritchie-Calder, noted science historian, tells John Cogley in a conversation at the Center, that the world will continue "mucking things up" beyond repair unless, science comes under public control while time still remains. 467 TO HELL WITH POSTERITY 29:13 "Hèll is a city much like London, a populous and smoky city," Shelley wrote years ago. Today, science and technology seem Hell-bent on creating bigger and smokier cities; on defiling the waters with waste product; on indulging in atom-foolery until we all become victims of slow but insidious smothering and radiation. Lord Ritchie-Calder, Consultant to the Center and noted science historian, makes a case for the need to apply social responsibility to scientific discovery instead of racing pell-mell to a finish line that may spell the end of civilization as we know it. 468 THE STRUGGLE IS THE MESSAGE 27:15 "Violence is an equation. A certain amount of authority, a certain amount of weapons, a certain amount of hardware can prevent the free exercise of violence. " The delicate balance lies in the degree that one wants to curb violence. Irving Louis Horowitz, sociologist, analyzes the use of violence by anti-war demonstrators, blacks, students and police, and points out that where there is organization there is usually no violence. Center Fellows participate in the discussion. 469 THE YOUTH CLASS 42:1 BERATE FORD LIBRARY Youth is no longer a marginal factor in American life. By the end of the 20th Century, going to college may be as routine as going to high school. Irving Louis Horowitz, sociologist, entertains the notion that the young in the university-knowledge-factory environment may well constitute a new social class. Center Fellows join in the discussion. 470 WHATEVER HAPPENED TO THE UNITED NATIONS? 29:45 The United Nations is ailing as an effective instrument of peace but it is alive and functioning and holding its own in international social and economic spheres. It has, in fact, the strength to evolve into a world government. An examination of the health of the U.N. is conducted at the Center by Donald McDonald, Stringfellow Barr, Elisabeth Borgese and Hallock Hoffman. 471 THE CHOICE: SAVE OUR CONSTITUTION OR SAVE OUR ENVIRONMENT 28:30 A desperate plea to put a halt to the destruction of the ecological balance before we reach the imminent point of no return. W. H. Ferry reads the text of his remarks before the Senate Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Affairs. 472 A VISION OF ATHENS 52:45 Can education revitalize society? Robert Hutchins, Chairman of the Center, thinks that society must first revitalize itself. Taking into account the enormous and recent changes in an education-seeking constituency, the urban, communications and technological revolutions, and the degeneration of the university into a training-school-conglomerate, Mr. Hutchins nonetheless holds forth hope that we may yet become a learning society. A provocative question and answer period follows this talk to the Westside Community Center in Los Angeles. 473 SCOTT BUCHANAN, TEACHER 31:24 Through reminiscences of his life's work as a Socratic teacher, Scott Buchanan explains his view of teaching and the teacher's role in the learning process. He discusses the New Program he created at St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland. This all-required program of study was conceived as a step in the restoration of the American Liberal Arts College after its virtual destruction by the elective system. Talking with Mr. Buchanan are his friends Stringfellow Barr, co-founder of the St.. John's Program, and Harris Wofford, now President of Old Westbury College in New York. GERALD FORD LIBRARY 474 TRAGEDY AND POLITICS 27:32 Scott Buchanan spent his life as a Socratic teacher. His attempt to discard the illusory in pursuit of the truth freed him to study the developing world without being blinded by the explosive events that comprise it. This conversation opens with recourse to the Greeks: to the interrelatedness of tragic and comic outlooks. Mr. Buchanan discusses the tension between education and political action; and Socratic dialectic itself, its essentially democratic and liberating nature, and its use in the ongoing creation of world society. Talking with Mr. Buchanan is his friend Harris Wofford, now President of Old Westbury College in New York. 475 THERE USED TO BE NEGROES 43:50 Talking to the students at the University of California at Santa Barbara, Milton Mayer, writer, lecturer and teacher, evaluates the long overdue revolution now in the hands of young America. He suggests that only intelligence can make the revolution "stick"; that the guide lines of education for human freedom and acceptance of all cultures, whether black, white or mongrel, be used to dignify their cause. 477 HOW MUCH IS ENOUGH? 39:00 "We can kill each other nationally at least once now, so why bother arming enough to do it two or three times?" At a Center staff meeting, Charles Bolte of the Carnegie Endowment of International Peace poses this and other questions concerning the control of strategic weapons. 478 THE FAMILY IN CRISIS 38:24 Like every other institution, the family is today in a state of crisis. Discussion of the history, literature and quality of family life leads to speculation about whether the family is disintegrating or only in transition and what its future form and strengths may be. Stewart Sutton, Canadian social worker, joins Center Fellows for this discussion. : FORD GERALD LIBRARY ASIAN DILEMMA At the instigation of prominent members of the Japanese Diet who belong to a special study group of the majority Liberal Democratic Party, the Center arranged a three-day conference to consider a New Policy for China. The following four tapes are excerpted from those proceedings. The participants include: Muenori Akagi, former Japanese Minister of Agriculture and Forestry; John Sherman Cooper, U.S. Senator from Kentucky; Alan Cranston, U.S. Senator from California; William O. Douglas, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; Don Edwards, Con- gressman from California; Masumi Ezaki, former Japanese Minister of Defense; Aiichiro Fujiyama, former Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs and Chairman of the Executive Council of the Liberal Democratic Party; J. W. Fulbright, U.S. Senator from Arkansas; Arthur Goldberg, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and former Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; Mark 0. Hatfield, U.S. Senator from Washington; Edwin 0. Reischauer, former Ambassador to Japan and now Professor of Far Eastern History at Harvard University; Chester Ronning, formerly Canadian Ambassador and High Commissioner to India and Director for Eastern Affairs; Tokuma Utsunomiya, Vice President of the Association for the Promotion of World Trade; and Center members Harry S. Ashmore, Elisabeth Mann Borgese, Robert M. Hutchins, Fred Warner Neal, and Stanley K. Sheinbaum. 479 CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY 28:53 If we cannot break free from the 19th Century myths under- lying our foreign policy, we may not survive the 20th Century to enter the 21st. Nowhere is the danger more serious than in the foreign policies of the United States and Japan toward China. Pulitzer Prize-winner Harry S. Ashmore is in good form as he summarizes the three-day conference in which Japanese leaders and United States legislators considered the steps necessary for a rapproche- ment with China. Masumi Ezaki, former Japanese Minister of Defense, adds a charming footnote. 480 THE MYTH OF THE CHINA MENACE 44:37 Edwin O. Reischauer, former Ambassador to Japan and now Professor of Far Eastern History at Harvard University, reviews the troublesome questions that will need attention with regard to China and some that might require less attention later if we attend well to them now. Although all participants agreed in general that Asian policy must be reappraised, there were sharp clashes with Reischauer on detail. GERALD FORD LIBHARY 481 "A SIMPLE HUMAN PREFERENCE FOR LIFE": AN ARGUMENT FOR THE RECOGNITION OF RED CHINA 41:49 Conference participants struggle with questions which must first be raised before solutions can come: How to educate a public raised in fear of China to trust her? Can the China question be resolved before the issue of Taiwan is settled? Would Japan and other nations feel secure if the U.S. removed naval bases from the Pacific? 482 "SUPPOSE THEY GAVE A WAR AND NO ONE CAME?" 29:46 Japan, which has a constitutional prohibition against war, stands in a unique position to usher in the warless world. William O. Douglas, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, interrupted the conference with an impatient plea that we break with our bankrupt political policies and seek innovative paths to peace under law. He is joined by Senators Fulbright and Hatfield and their Japanese opposite numbers in a moving montage that demands respect for all living things -- including man. FORD GERALD 483 A PRIVILEGED PLACE 21:20 "I see an increasing demand put on any Christian to be, during his whole life, a politically significant person. This does not mean the Church itself becomes politically significant, says Ivan Illich, an ordained priest who has chosen to work outside the Church as Director of the Centro Intercultural de Documentacion in Cuernavaca, Mexico. A segment from a long conversation recorded at the Center where Dr. Illich talked with Donald McDonald and Denis Goulet about the role of the Church in Latin America, how it functions and how it should function. 484 ELECTORAL REFORM: WHAT HAPPENS WHEN EVERYONE LOSES? 53:42 Although the 1968 election aroused fears that a President might be chosen by the archaic Electoral College, once the crisis passed, so did public anxiety. Not so for Harry S. Ashmore, President of the Center, who explores some reforms for national elections. The pros who argue his proposals include Joe Napolitan, Herbert Kaplow, Steve Mitchell, Frank Mankiewicz, Charles Guggenheim, Arthur Schlesinger, Blair Clark, Walter De Vrie, Ann Wexler and Eli Siegel. 485 WHERE HAVE ALL THE LIBERALS GONE? 28:56 A search for the liberals in the current scene of political action leads Harry S. Ashmore, President of the Center, to find that liberals have been in the rearguard of politics indulging in reason rather than confrontation; functioning as critics; maintaining a code of conduct and a balance between individual liberty and social justice. Center Fellows join in the discussion. 486 THE PREGNANT GHETTO 40:43 Ghetto action is the motive behind the newly formed Economic Resources Corporation, and Richard Allen is the man behind the corporation. His plan is to put life into depressed urban areas by bringing in industry, jobs and low-cost housing. Mr. Allen's ghetto origin allows him to view the problems with both passion and practicality. At a meeting at the Center, he discusses these views with Leon Sager, businessman, Jay Jackson, executive director of the Economic Resources Corporation, and Center Fellows. 487 THE CAPTIVE CHILD 40:55 "We must rethink our ideas of childhood and schooling," says Peter Marin. His experience as Director of the experimental Pacific High School in Palo Alto has exposed him to the depth of adolescent problems. He does some of his "rethinking" at the Center and pleads the cause of the adolescent who must be released from the bonds of childhood, must be accepted in and by an adult community where he can learn according to his needs. 488 A MATTER OF GENES 29:10 FORDO & 678879 LIBRARY Arthur Jensen, educational psychologist, stirs up more controversy than genes when he suggests that "genetic factors are strongly implicated in the average Negro- white intelligence difference. " Donald McDonald of the Center interviews Mr. Jensen, who elaborates on his hypothesis and presents some ideas on methods of education. 489 POPULATION CONTROL BEGINS AT HOME 29:07 Every year, 70 million people are added to the population of the world. There are now more undernourished people than there were people in 1875. The story of the rising population combined with the avaricious consumption of non-renewable resources gives cause for alarm, and Paul Ehrlich, biologist at Stanford University and Center Associate, suggests a plan which, despite utopian overtones, is in fact a realistic solution to this progressive destruction of life on earth.