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1976/07/14 HR10930 Cotton Research and Promotion Program
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1976/07/14 HR10930 Cotton Research and Promotion Program
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The original documents are located in Box 51, folder "1976/07/14 HR10930 Cotton Research and Promotion Program" of the White House Records Office: Legislation Case Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Exact duplicates within this folder were not digitized. Digitized from Box 51 of the White House Records Office Legislation Case Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library APPROVED 87/4/16 THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION WASHINGTON LAST DAY: July 17 July 12, 1976 Posted MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT 7/15/76 FROM: JIM CANNON June SUBJECT: H.R. 10930 - Cotton Research and Promotion Program archives 7/15/76 Attached for your consideration is H.R. 10930, sponsored by Representative Bowen. The enrolled bill would amend existing law to: -- repeal the authorization to use public funds in the Cotton Research and Promotion Program, effective October 1, 1977. -- authorizes, subject to approval in a referendum of producers, an increase in the per bale assessment paid by cotton producers in an amount not to exceed one percent of the value of the cotton (current price is about $300/bale); -- requires the Cotton Board to reimburse the Secretary of Agriculture (1) for expenses, not to exceed $200,000 incurred in connection with any cotton referendum conducted by the Secretary and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary of up to five employee years associated with supervising the administration of a cotton order; and -- authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to appoint up to three consumer advisers to the Cotton Board. Additional discussion of the provisions of the enrolled bill is provided in OMB's enrolled bill report at Tab A. OMB, Max Friedersdorf, CEA, Bill Seidman, Counsel's Office (Lazarus) and I recommend approval of the enrolled bill. RECOMMENDATION That you sign H.R. 10930 at Tab B. WELLS FORD LIBRARY # PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE UNITED OFFICE OF management AND BUDGET SECUTIVE ONE STATES WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 JUL 12 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT Subject: Enrolled Bill H.R. 10930 - Cotton research and promotion program Sponsor - Rep. Bowen (D) Mississippi Last Day for Action July 17, 1976 - Saturday Purpose Amends existing law to (1) eliminate Federal funding sup- port for the cotton research and promotion program, and (2) authorize an increase in the assessment paid by cotton producers for cotton research and promotion activities. Agency Recommendations Office of Management and Budget Approval Department of Agriculture Approval Council of Economic Advisers No objection Discussion Under provisions of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the Cotton Board, composed of 20 non-government members appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture, admin- isters a research and promotion program for cotton. Fund- ing for the program currently comes from two sources: (1) a $1 per bale assessment levied on cotton producers -- refunds are made to producers when requested; and, (2) an annual authorization to use up to $20 million of Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds through fiscal year 1978 and $10 million thereafter. -2- After netting out refunds, the producer-supported program was funded at about $10 million in fiscal year 1976 and it is expected to be around $9 million in fiscal year 1977. With respect to CCC monies, $3 million was appropriated for fiscal year 1976 and its use was restricted to research activities while the fiscal year 1977 Agriculture appro- priation bill that was cleared by Congress late last month did not provide funds for the cotton program. This move to eliminate Federal funding support is consistent with your budget for fiscal year 1977, and it also reflects the recent trend toward making agricultural commodity pro- motion programs entirely self-supporting. H.R. 10930 would make the following changes in the present cotton research and promotion program: --- repeals the authorization to use public (CCC) funds in the program, effective October 1, 1977 (this date allows the obligation and use of funds appro- priated in fiscal year 1976) ; -- authorizes, subject to approval in a referendum of producers, an increase in the per bale assessment paid by cotton producers in an amount not to exceed one percent of the value of the cotton (current price is about $300/bale) ; -- requires the Cotton Board to reimburse the Secretary (1) for expenses, not to exceed $200,000, incurred in connection with any cotton referendum conducted by the Secretary, and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary of up to five employee years associated with supervising the administration of a cotton order; and, -- authorizes the Secretary to appoint up to three consumer advisors to the Cotton Board. -3- Generally, H.R. 10930 reflects the amendments that were recommended by Agriculture during congressional considera- tion of the bill, and in its enrolled bill letter, the Department notes that: " the enactment of H.R. 10930 would result in an annual savings of $3 million of appro- priated funds due to the repeal of section 610 as well as savings of approximately $70,000 appropriated annually for administrative expenses. " While this Office continues to question the overall effec- tiveness of agricultural commodity promotion programs, and the Council of Economic Advisers expresses the same concern in its enrolled bill letter, we share CEA's view that H.R. 10930 does improve the nature of the present cotton promotion program by shifting certain costs from the Federal Government to the cotton industry. Accordingly, we recommend approval of H.R. 10930. James Director Try for Legislative Reference Enclosures THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION MEMORANDUM WASHINGTON LOG NO.: Date: July 22 Time: 530pm FOR ACTION: Paul Leach cc (for information): Jack Marsh Bill Seidman b Jim Cavanaugh Max Friedersdorf Ed Schmults Ken Lazarus the FROM THE STAFF SECRETARY DUE: Date: July 13 Time: 500pm SUBJECT: H.R. 10930-Cotton research and promotion program ACTION REQUESTED: For Necessary Action For Your Recommendations Prepare Agenda and Brief Draft Reply X For Your Comments Draft Remarks REMARKS: please return to judy johnston, ground floor west wing ( 1098 J PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please K. R. COLE, JR. telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. For the President STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY WASHINGTON, D. C. 20250 July 8, 1976 Honorable James T. Lynn Director, Office of Management and Budget Washington, D.C. 20503 Dear Mr. Lynn: In reply to the request of your office, the following report is submitted on the enrolled enactment of H.R. 10930, "To repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 pertaining to the use of Commodity Credit Cor- poration funds for research and promotion and to amend section 7 (e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agriculture." This Department recommends that the President approve the bill. H.R. 10930 makes two basic changes in the cotton research and promotion program. First, the bill repeals section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended, thereby terminating public funding of a portion of the program. This would be consistent with the approach taken in other commodity research and promotion programs in that they are fully producer- financed. Second, the bill authorizes an increase in the assessment paid by cotton producers to fund a self-help program of research, promotion, and market development, subject to approval by producers in a referendum. In addition, the federal costs of administering the program and the cost of holding the producer referendum would be reimbursed by cotton producers with funds derived from their assessments. It is believed that the enactment of H.R. 10930 would result in an annual savings of $3 million of appropriated funds due to the repeal of section 610 as well as savings of approximately $70,000 appropriated annually for administrative expenses. Sincerely, Earl Earl L. Butz Secretary THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS WASHINGTON July 12, 1976 Dear Mr. Frey: In response to your request for CEA's views on H. R. 10390, to permit an increase in the assessment for cotton research and promotion, we are not opposed to the bill. This legislation is one of a series of bills which provide governmentally sanctioned and supported mechanisms for promotion of agricultural commodities. These bills tend to increase the prices of the products promoted, and it is not clear that they provide corresponding benefits to either consumers or producers. In general, we believe it is unwise for government to assist in such promotion schemes for private industries, even in competitive industries such as agriculture. However, H. R. 10390 would also shift costs of current cotton promotion activities from USDA to the cotton industry. There are no official estimates of the budget savings of this shift but it would be significant, and has been estimated by the CBO to be in the neighborhood of $10 million. For this reason we raise no objection to the bill. Sincerely Man Greenspan Mr. James Frey Assistant Director for Legislative Reference Office of Management and Budget Washington, D. C. 20503 REVOLUTION AMERICAN BICENTENNIAL 1776-1976 THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION MEMORANDUM WASHINGTON LOG NO.: Date: Time: July 12 530pm FOR ACTION: Paul Leach 'CC (for information): Jack Marsh Bill Seidman Jim Cavanaugh Max Friedersdorf Ed Schmults Ken Lazarus FROM THE STAFF SECRETARY DUE: Date: July 13 Time: 500pm SUBJECT: H.R. 10930-Cotton research and promotion program ACTION REQUESTED: For Necessary Action For Your Recommendations Prepare Agenda and Brief Draft Reply X For Your Comments Draft Remarks REMARKS: please return to judy johnston, ground floor west wing PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please James M. Cannon telephone the Staff Scoretary immediately. For the President THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION MI DUM WASHINGTON LOG NO.: Date: Ju Time: 530pm FOR AC' Paul Leach 'cc (for information): Jack Marsh Bill Seidman Jim Cavanaugh Max Friedersdorf Ed Schmults Ken Lazarus FROM THE STAFF SECRETARY DUE: Date: July 13 Time: 500pm SUBJECT: H.R. 10930-Cotton research and promotion program ACTION REQUESTED: For Necessary Action For Your Recommendations Prepare Agenda and Brief Draft Reply X For Your Comments Draft Remarks REMARKS: please return to judy johnston, ground floor west wing OK -PCZ - Recommend-sy - sign PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please James M. Cannon telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. For the Fresident THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION MEMORANDUM WASHINGTON LOG NO.: Date: Time: July 12 530pm FOR ACTION: Paul Leach 'CC (for information): Jack Marsh Bill Seidman Jim Cavanaugh Max Friedersdorf Ed Schmults Ken Lazarus FROM THE STAFF SECRETARY DUE: Date: July 13 Time: 500pm SUBJECT: H.R. 10930-Cotton research and promotion program ACTION REQUESTED: For Necessary Action For Your Recommendations Prepare Agenda and Brief Draft Reply X For Your Comments Draft Remarks REMARKS: please return to judy johnston, ground floor west wing No objection -- Ken Lazarus 7/13/76 PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please James N. Cannon telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. For the President THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 13, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR: JIM CAVANAUGH FROM: MAX L. FRIEDERSDORF m.6 SUBJECT: HR 10930 - Cotton Research and promotion program The Office of Legislative Affairs concurs with the agencies that the subject bill be signed. Attachments EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 JUL 12 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT Subject: Enrolled Bill H.R. 10930 - Cotton research and promotion program Sponsor - Rep. Bowen (D) Mississippi Last Day for Action July 17, 1976 - Saturday Purpose Amends existing law to (1) eliminate Federal funding sup- port for the cotton research and promotion program, and (2) authorize an increase in the assessment paid by cotton producers for cotton research and promotion activities. Agency Recommendations Office of Management and Budget Approval Department of Agriculture Approval Council of Economic Advisers No objection Discussion Under provisions of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the Cotton Board, composed of 20 non-government members appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture, admin- isters a research and promotion program for cotton. Fund- ing for the program currently comes from two sources: (1) a $1 per bale assessment levied on cotton producers -- refunds are made to producers when requested; and, (2) an annual authorization to use up to $20 million of Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds through fiscal year 1978 and $10 million thereafter. 94TH CONGRESS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT 2d Session No. 94-1157 AMENDMENTS TO COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PROGRAM MAY 15, 1976-Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed Mr. FOLEY, from the Committee on Agriculture, submitted the following REPORT [Including the Congressional Budget Office cost estimates] [To accompany H.R. 10930] The Committee on Agriculture, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 10930), to amend section 7 (e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agriculture and to repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 pertaining to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for research and promo- tion, having considered the same, report favorably thereon with amendments and recommend that the bill as amended do pass. The amendments are as follows: Page 1, line 3, strike all after the enacting clause and insert in lieu thereof the following: That section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended (7 U.S.C. 2119), is repealed effective October 1, 1977. SEC. 2. Section 7(e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act (7 U.S.C. 2106 (e) ) is amended as follows: (1) At the end of the first sentence strike the period and add the following ", and for reimbursing the Secretary (1) for expenses not to exceed $200,000 incurred by him in connection with any referendum conducted under section 8, and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary for supervisory work up to 5 employee years after an order or amendment to an order hsa been issued and made effective.". (2) At the end of the second sentence strike the period and add the following ", unless specifically authorized by provisions of this subsection.". (3) At the end of the third sentence strike the period and add the following: "but, subject to approval in a referendum as provided in section 8, the Secretary shall issue an amendment to the order which shall provide that in each marketing year, the rate shall be supple- mented by an additional per bale amount to be collected or paid as (1) 2 3 provided in this subsection, such amount to be at a rate as prescribed in the amendment to the order, but not to exceed one per centum of the Since the dollar per bale program was enacted in 1966, the dollar has value of cotton as determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. shrunk in value due to inflation experienced over the past several years Neither the amendment to the order authorized by the foregoing pro- to only 60 cents today. In addition, government funds in support of visions nor the disapproval of such amendment in a referendum shall the program were cut in 1974 and 1975 from $10 million per year to operate to decrease or otherwise affect the amount of the assessment of $3 million annually and by this bill would be eliminated entirely. An- $1.00 per bale in effect under the order published in the Federal Regis- other form of public support has likewise been reduced. The utilization ter on December 31, 1966. No authority under this Act may be used as research effort devoted to cotton by USDA and State Agricultural a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relating to the Experiment Stations has decreased by some 10 percent in the period rate of assessment with funds collected under this Act.". 1966 to 1974. And amend the title to read as follows: The program provided for by the Cotton Research and Promotion To repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 pertain- Act has provided concentrated effort in research and promotion to en- ing to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for research able cotton to regain markets which have been lost to synthetics and and promotion and to amend section 7(e) of the Cotton Research other competing fabrics over the last number of years. In 1960, cot- and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and ton had about 65 percent of the U.S. textile fiber market and this fell for reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary below 30 percent in 1973. Cotton was gradually losing its markets to of Agriculture. synthetics, in part, because of the vast resources provided for research PURPOSE AND NEED and development and for advertising and marketing support. In the early 1960's, synthetic fiber corporations were spending about $120 H.R. 10930 makes two basic changes in the Cotton Research and million a year for research and advertising alone. In 1974 the synthetic Promotion Program. First, the bill repeals section 610 of the Agricul- industry invested $234 million in fiber research and $60 million in ad- tural Act of 1970 which authorizes government financing to supple- vertising to promote sales of synthetic fibers. By comparison the ment funds available for the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. Sec- amount spent by Cotton, Inc., was but $5.4 million for fiber research ond, it authorizes an increase in the assessment paid by producers to and $3.4 million for advertising for cotton. In part, as a result of the fund a self-help program of research and marketing, subject to ap- program authorized by the Cotton Research and Promotion Act, cot- proval by producers in a referendum. ton moved back to 30.3 percent of the fiber market in 1974. It has held The Cotton Research and Promotion Act was adopted in 1966 to steady since and looks better yet for the future assuming proper sup- enable cotton producers to establish, finance, and carry out a coordi- port is provided for the program. nated program of research and promotion to improve the competitive Cotton research and promotion programs date back to 1938 when position of, and to expand markets for, cotton. The Act authorized rayon was beginning to make inroads into cotton's markets. To help an assessment of $1 per bale on cotton producers and accorded each combat this threat, a group of cotton leaders organized the National producer the right to obtain a refund if he was not in favor of the pro- Cotton Council with the objective of increasing consumption of United gram. These funds were supplemented by government funds under sec- States cotton and its products through research and promotion as well tion 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970. H.R. 10930 does not change as through other needed projects. The Council tried various voluntary the Cotton Research and Promotion Act in any basic way. It ends pub- financing plans. In 1960, it organized the Cotton Producers Institute lic support for the program and at the same time provides cotton grow- as a division of the Council with its funds going entirely to research ers in the United States an opportunity to decide for themselves as to and promotion projects. Collections went from a little over $1 mil- whether or not they will assess themselves additional charges to sup- lion the first year to a high of about $3 million and then began to port the research and promotion effort. decline for a number of reasons. As the program started to erode A healthy, profitable cotton economy is an asset to the national econ- throughout the cotton producing area, it became clear a uniform omy for its contributions to the domestic economy and its significant method of financing was needed. This led to enactment of the Cotton contribution to our export trade and the all important balance of pay- Research and Promotion Act which became effective with the 1967 ments in international trade. crop. That Act set up a quasi-governmental agency called the Cotton There is a need for a coordinated research and promotion program Board to administer the program with assessments collected under to be carried out by approvimately 250,000 cotton producers in the the Act. The Act maintained the voluntary nature of the original United States if cotton is to maintain and expand its markets. Cotton producer effort by allowing refunds to producers who did not wish to is facing well organized and highly financed competition from syn- participate. thetic fabrics. There are seven major chemical companies which con- Public hearings were held on a proposed cotton research and promo- trol an estimated 84 percent of synthetic production-in 1974 the two tion order and a referendum vote by cotton producers approved the largest dominated the market with 54 percent of sales. Research in the order by a 68-percent majority of growers voting. fields of cotton production and marketing have been completely over- The implementing order was issued on December 31, 1966. shadowed by the heavily financed programs of research and marketing In early 1967, the Secretary of Agriculture appointed 20 members support by the almost unlimited resources of the manufacturers of and 20 alternate members to the Cotton Board which met for its synthetic textile products. initial meeting in March. 4 5 The Cotton Board developed and issued regulations governing the collection and refund of producers assessments and entered into a SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS contract with the Cotton Producers Institute-now Cotton Inc.-to develop and implement a research and promotion program. Section 1.-This section repeals section 610 of the Agricultural Act Collection of producer assessments began with the 1967 cotton crop of 1970, as amended, effective October 1, 1977, thereby terminating and the first research and promotion program and budget was ap- public funding of the program. After that date the program will be proved and implemented in calendar year 1968. supported entirely with funds collected from producers of cotton. Sec- According to the U.S.D.A., through June 30, 1975, $85 million in tion 610 authorizes Commodity Credit Corporation to make available producer funds have been collected; $8 million have been refunded $10 million annually for research and promotion programs conducted leaving net collections of $77 million. Refunds have ranged from 3 through the Cotton Board established under the Cotton Research and percent in 1967 to 12.5 percent in 1974. Promotion Act and provides discretionary authority to the Secretary Section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 as amended by the to make additional sums available for such purpose not exceeding $10 Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 authorized the million. There is an amount of $3 million appropriated pursuant to use of $10 million of Commodity Credit Corporation funds annually this authority in the appropriation act for the Department of Agricul- in fiscal years 1972-78 for the program. The Agricultural Appropri- ture for the current fiscal year. While testimony at the hearing indi- ations Acts for 1974, 1975 and 1976 limited the section 610 funds to cated that it was not anticipated additional funds would be made avail- $3 million annually to be used for research only. Through fiscal year able pursuant to section 610 for the next fiscal year, the effective date 1976 a total of $29 million of CCC funds has been made available of this provision is postponed until October 1, 1977, to allow funds for this program. appropriated in the current fiscal year to be obligated and utilized un- Through June 30, 1975, $71 million of producer funds have been der on-going contracts which will continue into the next year. expended with about 60 percent devoted to promotion and 40 percent Section 2.-This section amends section 7 (e) of the Cotton Research to research; $25 million of section 610 funds have been spent through and Promotion Act as follows: the same date, about equally divided between promotion and research. Paragraph (1) provides that the assessments collected under the Beginning in fiscal 1974 the use of section 610 funds has been limited order shall be used to reimburse the Secretary (a) for expenses, not to to research. exceed $200,000, incurred by him in connection with any referendum The current fiscal year producer-funded program is budgeted at conducted under section 8 for approval of an order or an amendment $10.1 million. Available producer funds for the fiscal year 1977 budg- of an order and (b) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary et will be around $9 million, the smallest annual budget since the for supervisory work up to five employee years after an order or amend- first year of the program. The only other funds available to increase ment to an order has been issued and made effective. It is the inten- fiscal 1977 program would be Cotton Inc.'s own funds of just over $1 tion of the Committee that the dollar limitation on the USDA expenses million (which were inherited from the voluntary program prior to be borne by producer assessments-$200,000 for the cost of the to 1966) and about $500,000 in patent and royalty funds. referendum, and 5 employee years for the administrative costs for Many benefits have been derived from the research and promotion supervisory work-be viewed as ceilings and are not requirements that efforts funded by the Act. For example, a coordinated research pro- the full amount be utilized. gram through contracts and cooperative agreements with State Ex- Paragraph (2) sets forth an exception to the provision in the Act periment Stations resulted in the development of the mechanical rick that no more than one assessment shall be made on any bale of cotton compactors and the module builder system. These systems permit the SO as to take account of any supplemental assessment authorized pursu- handling of seed cotton in a much more efficient manner for the grow- ant to section 7 (e) as amended by H.R. 10930. er, preserving the quality of the lint and seed, and reducing field Paragraph (3) provides an authorization for a supplemental rate of loss. assessment of an amount not to exceed 1 percent of the value of cotton Textile research at Cotton Inc.'s plant and under contract and co- as determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. The supple- operative agreements have been responsible for new and better fab- mental rate set forth in the bill is a maximum. So long as this amount rics, such as fire retardant and easy-care fabrics. Research is on- is not exceeded, the amended order could provide either a flat dollar going now to combat the occupational and safety health hazard of and cent rate per bale or a rate based on a percentage of value per bale byssinosis. In the promotion area, Cotton Inc. has been concentrating using past or current cotton prices. The Cotton Board would be ex- in advertising, mill motivation and new product merchandizing to in- pected to engage in such meetings or communication with cotton grow- crease cotton consumption at the mill, manufacturer, and retail levels. ers as it deems necessary in order to arrive at a rate or rate procedure The program provided under the Act guarantees a strongly compet- for recommendation to the Secretary. Thereafter, the views of growers itive fiber market by establishing a cooperative effort to accomplish and others would be obtained on the assessment rate and other pro- research and marketing program that is now beginning to show posi- visions of the proposed amendment to the order in hearings conducted tive results. by the Secretary. The decision on the assessment rate to be included It will, if adequately funded, restore cotton to its rightfu position in the amendment to the order would be made by the Cotton Board as a fabric unequalled for comfort, durability and economy of use. and the Secretary after giving consideration to the hearing record and the recommendations in connection therewith. 6 7 If the maximum amount is not utilized in an amendment to the order, and it becomes necessary at a later date to increase the amount nature. They provided for a repeal of section 610 of the Agricultural further, such action would be authorized under the Act, SO long as Act of 1970 to become effective October 1, 1977, instead of the July 1 the total supplemental assessments did not exceed the prescribed rate date as in the bill as originally introduced. The change was made SO of one percent of the value of the cotton. that the time would coincide with the beginning of the fiscal year. Before any such supplemental assessment could become effective, The bill was then ordered reported to the full Committee with a rec- it would, of course, have to be approved by producers in a referendum ommendation that it be passed, by a roll call vote of 9 yeas to 0 nays conducted under section 8. Neither an amendment to the order pro- in the presence of a quorum. viding for a supplemental rate of assessment nor disapproval of such The Committee on Agriculture met on May 6, 1976, to consider the amendment shall operate to decrease or otherwise affect the assessment bill. At that time, it adopted an amendment offered by Mr. Krebs of $1.00 per bale currently in effect. which would provide for the cost of the referendum in an amount not The paragraph also provides that no authority under the Act may to exceed $200,000 to be borne from assessments collected from pro- be used as a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relat- ducers. In the discussion of the Krebs' amendment, it was pointed out ing to the rate of assessment with funds collected under the Act. This by Mr. Bowen that the limitation of $200,000 should be more than provision does not derogate from the authority of the Cotton Board ample to cover the expected costs of the referendum. The Department or Cotton Inc. to conduct on-going promotion programs in its cus- of Agriculture originally estimated the expense at a higher figure tomary and usual manner in which it explains the work that is being but had revised its figures downward and advised Mr. Bowen that performed under the order, but it is not expected that this activity the costs to ASCS for the conduct of the referendum would be in would be conducted in such a manner as to advertise or solicit votes the amount of approximately $129,000 with a possibility of an addi- in the referendum. tional $25,000 while the costs to Agricultural Marketing Service in COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION connection with the hearings preliminary to the referendum should total $21,100, for a grand total of approximately $175,000. An amend- The Subcommittee on Cotton held hearings on H.R. 10930 on De- ment was also offered by Mr. Findley and agreed to by the Committee cember 16 and 17, 1975. Testimony was received in support of the leg- which provides that no authority under the Act may be used as a islation from representatives of many producer organizations includ- basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relating to the ing organizations from the States of Arizona, California, Alabama, rate of assessment with funds collected under the Act. Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, Virginia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, and In the course of discussion, the question was raised as to whether Texas. Support for the legislation also came from members of the the Secretary would have authority after enactment of H.R. 10930 to Board of Cotton Inc., and from a representative of the National Cot- review effectively expenditures of funds under the program. In re- ton Council, the National Cottonseed Producers Association, the sponse to the question, reference was made to various provisions of American Cotton Shippers Association, and the Cotton Warehouse- the Cotton Research and Promotion Act which help to assure that men's Association. Since the hearings a letter in support of the legis- the Secretary would continue to be authorized to exercise his au- lation was received from the American Farm Bureau Federation. thority in this area. These provisions include the requirement that the At the hearing, the Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Serv- Cotton Board submit to the Secretary for approval sales, promotion ice, U.S. Department of Agriculture, testified that the Department or research plans or projects, budgets of its anticipated expenses and had no objection to enactment of H.R. 10930 if amended as suggested. disbursement in the administration of the order including the costs of He recommended first that reimbursement for administrative costs advertising and promotion and research and development projects. A not be confined to a specific number of employee years (as introduced reference was also made to the requirement that the Cotton Board the bill provided for reimbursement for 2.5 employee years), and maintain such books and records and make such records available to that the Depatment should be reimbursed for all costs associated with the Secretary as he may prescribe for the appropriate accounting of the holding of a producer referendum to approve additional assess- the Cotton Board of all funds entrusted to it. In addition, mention ments. was made of the authority of the Secretary to issue orders and regula- Finally, at the hearings a representative of the Mid-continent Far- tions under the statute and to conduct investigations to assure proper mers Association appeared and urged deferral of action on H.R. protection of producers' interests. The Cotton Board also has respon- 10930 pending an impartial evaluation by an outside source of pro- sibilities under the Act which the Committee expects will be carried gram effectiveness. He also suggested a number of modifications in the out fully. These include, among other things, the responsibility to ad- program. minister the order in accordance with its terms and conditions and, The Subcommittee on Cotton met in mark-up session on April 7, as indicated above, to develop the plans and projects for advertising, 1976. It considered and adopted two amendments offered by Mr. sales promotion and research and development as well as the fiscal year Bowen. One provides for administrative costs incurred by the Sec- budget which are submitted to the Secretary for his approval. retary for supervisory work of up to five employee years to be made Following discussion, the Committee voted in the presence of a quo- from assessments rather than costs involving 2.5 employee years as rum by voice vote to report the bill with a recommendation that it do provided in the bill as introduced. The change was offered to meet, pass. in part, a request from USDA. The other changes were technical in 8 9 ADMINISTRATION POSITION undefined means by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. Neither is it clear as to who would establish the rate of the additional assessment. The following report was received from the Department of Agri- The Committee may want to consider changing the language to culture concerning its position on H.R. 10930. In the letter the USDA specify an exact per bale amount of the additional assessment rather made certain recommendations for changes in the bill. To accommo- than providing that the amount be prescribed in an amendment to the date the concerns of USDA, the Committee acted to provide reimburse- Order. This would be consistent with the action taken by Congress ment for Department costs incurred under the program as explained when it set the initial $1 per bale in the Act. It would also facilitate and more fully elsewhere in this report. The Department also recommended simplify the collection and remittance of assessments by handlers to a change in the language regarding the supplemental assessment to the Cotton Board as well as eliminate the need for an annual deter- require an exact per bale amount. However, it should be noted that mination of the value of cotton by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. the amount set forth in H.R. 10930 is a maximum and there is au- In any event, we recommend that the language be revised to clarify thority under the bill to specify an assessment at a lesser rate which the amount of the assessment and the basis on which it is to be could be in the form of a fixed dollar and cent amount, if the Secretary established. and the Cotton Board should find it desirable. Section 2 provides for the repeal of section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 effective July 1, 1977. Thus, authority for the use of sec- DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, tion 610 funds would be continued for most of fiscal year 1977. Section OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, 610 authorizes the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for Washington, D.C., December 17, 1975. cotton research activities. The Department agrees with the repeal of Hon. THOMAS S. FOLEY, section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970. This would be consistent Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, with the approach taken in other commodity research and promotion House of Representatives, programs in that they are fully producer-financed. However, it should Washington, D.C. be noted that the repeal of section 610 would in no way affect our DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN This is in reply to your request for a report responsibility for supervising the producer-financed program. The De- on H.R. 10930, a bill "To amend section 7(e) of the Cotton Research partment has well-defined oversight and surveillance responsibilities and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for in the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. We assure the Congress reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agri- that these activities will continue. culture and to repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 per- Because of the ambiguity in the assessment provisions of the bill, we taining to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for re- are unable to estimate the total amount of revenue to be generated by search and promotion." this proposal. The Department has no objection to the enactment of H.R. 10930 if With respect to the provisions of Public Law 91-190, Section 102 amended and clarified as set forth herein. (2) (C), we believe this legislation would have no significant impact Section 1(1) of the bill would provide for the reimbursement of ad- on the quality of the environment. ministrative costs incurred by the Department for supervisory work The Office of Management and Budget advises that there is no ob- involving 2.5 employee years after an order or amendment to an jection to the presentation of this report from the standpoint of the order has been issued and made effective. We recommend that a pro- Administration's program. vision be made for reimbursement of all administrative costs in- Sincerely, curred by the agency within the Department directly responsible for RICHARD L. FELTNER, program administration-in this case the Agricultural Marketing Assistant Secretary. Service. We further recommend that the Department be reimbursed for all costs associated with the holding of a producer referendum to CURRENT AND FIVE SUBSEQUENT FISCAL YEAR Cost ESTIMATE approve additional assessments. The Department assumed all costs of developing the Order, holding public hearings, and holding the Pursuant to clause 7 of Rule XIII of the Rules of the House of producer referendum in 1966. Any costs associated with other than Representatives, the Committee estimates that H.R. 10930 should not the initial referendum of 1966 should be defrayed from program result in any government costs during the current and five subsequent assessments. fiscal year period. To the contrary, it should result in cost savings to Section 1(2) contains language necessary to authorize the collection the United States. First, H.R. 10930 repeals effective October 1977 of an additional assessment on each bale over and above the present $1 authority under section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 under per bale assessment. which CCC funds have been made available for the cotton research Section 1 (3) of the bill provides for an additional producer assess- and promotion program. Section 610 authorizes $10 million in CCC ment for research and promotion. This is a decision that must ulti- funds to be used annually for this purpose and makes an additional $10 mately be reached in a referendum by cotton producers themselves if million available at the discretion of the Secretary from funds avail- Congress approves this amendment. The language in this section is not able for payments on each of the cotton crops through the 1977 crop. clear as to whether the additional assessment is to be an amount per For the current fiscal year, the amount available under section 610 has bale or a percentage of some value of cotton to be determined in some been limited to $3 million. H.R. 10930 would have potential savings 10 11 of $20 million in fiscal year 1978, when the repeal first becomes effec- attached cost estimate for H.R. 10930, the Cotton Research and Promo- tive and $10 mililon each year thereafter, assuming the full authoriza- tion Act. tion under section 610 would otherwise have been made available for Should the Committee so desire, we would be pleased to provide fur- the program. ther details on the attached cost estimate. There are other cost savings resulting from H.R. 10930. The bill Sincerely, provides that certain program costs now paid from funds appropri- ALICE M. RIVLIN, ated under the Cotton Research and Promotion Act would be borne Director. in the future by producer assessments. These include up to $200,000 Attachment. for costs associated with any referendum conducted under the Act, CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE and administrative costs for supervisory work involving up to 5 em- ployee years after an order or amendment thereto has been made COST ESTIMATE effective. These maximum limits should be more than enough to cover MAY 14, 1976. anticipated expenses for the future. Information from the USDA 1. Bill Number: H.R. 10930 indicates that the costs associated with a referendum should not ex- 2. Bill Title: Cotton Research and Promotion ceed $175,000 and the administrative costs to the Department for 3. Purpose of Bill: supervisory work should not exceed approximately 3 employee years Under Section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended, the and involve an expenditure of some $72-75,000 with a potential that it Commodity Credit Corporation, through the Cotton Board, provides might go up to 5 employee years over the next three years depending funds for cotton research, promotion and market development. Sec- on the workload. tion 610 authorizes $20 million per year for these purposes through The provision for reimbursement of referendum expenses would crop year 1977 (FY 1978) and $10 million per year thereafter. These save the USDA for expenses incurred in the referendum on the in- funds are supplemented by assessments paid by cotton growers under crease in the assessment, which most probably would occur in fiscal provisions of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. year 1977, and on any referendum which might occur thereafter. The H.R. 10930 would repeal Section 610 and would, thus eliminate the savings resulting from reimbursement of administrative costs would use of CCC funds for cotton research and promotion. In addition, be a savings on an annual basis of the amount set forth above for this the bill would authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to issue an order purpose. that would raise the level of cotton assessments. This proposal requires The Committee's estimate is consistent with the estimate of the Con- the endorsement of cotton growers voting in a referendum. The fed- gressional Budget Office which appears elsewhere in this report. eral costs of administering the cotton research and promotion pro- motion program and the cost of supervising the referendum would INFLATIONARY IMPACT STATEMENT be reimbursed by cotton growers with funds derived from them assessments. Pursuant to clause (1) (4) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House of 4. Cost Estimate: Representatives, the Committee estimates that enactment of H.R. Enactment of H.R. 10930 would lead to a reduction in federal costs 10930 will have no inflationary impact on the national economy. as a result of the reimbursement provisions and the termination of the BUDGET ACT COMPLIANCE (SECTION 308 AND SECTION 403) CCC cotton promotion program. The estimated cost savings are shown in the table below. The provisions of clause 2(1) (3) (B) of Rule XI of the Rules of the COST SAVINGS House of Representatives and section 308 (a) of the Congressional IIn thousands of dellars; fiscal year] Budget Act of 1974 (relating to estimates of new budget authority or new or increased tax expenditures) are not considered applicable. The 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 estimate and comparison prepared by the Director of the Congressional Repeal of CCC funding Reimbursement of administrative cost 20,000 10, 000 10,000 Budget Office under clause 2(1) (3) (C) of Rule XI of the Congres- 10,000 69 73 Reimbursement of referendum cost 77 82 87 sional Budget Act of 1974 submitted to the Committee prior to the 175 Total filing of this report are as follows: 244 20,073 10,077 10,082 10, 087 CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 5. Basis of Estimate: CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, The estimates of the savings resulting from the termination of CCC Washington, D.C., May 14, 1976. support represent the funds authorized in Section 610. It is assumed Hon. THOMAS S. FOLEY, that all of the funds authorized would have been spent in the year of Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, the authorization. Savings would not occur until FY 1978, the year U.S. House of Representatives, Section 610 would be repealed. The estimates of the funds reimbursed Washington, D.C. for administrative expenses reflect CBO projections of the cost of DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN Pursuant to Section 403 of the Congressional managing the cotton research and promotion program. The Agricul- Budget Act of 1974, the Congressional Budget Office has prepared the 12 13 tural Marketing Service spent about $65,000 for the cotton program for supervisory work up to 5 employee years after an order or amend- in FY 1976. Future costs were projected using CBO estimates of the ment to an order has been issued and made effective. To facilitate the expected changes in federal salaries. The reimbursement for the cost of collection and payment of such assessments, the Cotton Board may des- supervising a referendum is based on a Department of Agriculture ignate different handlers or classes of handlers to recognize differences estimate. It was assumed that only one referendum would be held and in marketing practices or procedures utilized in any State or area, ex- that this vote would occur in FY 1977 for the purpose of endorsing cept that no more than one such assessment shall be made on any bale or rejecting the new assessments. The last referendum was held about ten years ago when the assessments were first authorized. subsection. of cotton unless specifically authorized by provisions of this 6. Estimate Comparison None available. The rate of assessment prescribed by the order shall be $1 per bale of 7. Previous CBO Estimate: None. cotton handled but, subject to approval in a referendum as pro- 8. Estimate Prepared By: Robert M. Gordon (225-5275). vided in section 8, the Secretary shall issue an amendment to the order 9. Estimate Approved By: which shall provide that in each marketing year, the rate shall be sup- JAMES L. BLUM, plemented by an additional per bale amount to be collected or paid as Assistant Director provided in this subsection, such amount to be at a rate as prescribed in for Budget Analysis. the amendment to the order, but not to exceed one per centum of the value of cotton as determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. OVERSIGHT STATEMENT Neither the amendment to the order authorized by the foregoing pro- visions nor the disapproval of such amendment in a referendum shall No summary of oversight findings and recommendations made by operate to decrease or otherwise affect the amount of the assessment of the Committee on Government Operations under clause 2(b) (2) of $1.00 per bale in effect under the order published in the Federal Reg- Rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives was available to ister on December 31, 1966. No authority under this Act may be used the Committee with reference to the subject matter specifically ad- as a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relating to the dressed by H.R. 10930, as amended. rate of assessment with funds collected under this Act. The Secretary No specific oversight activities, other than the hearing accompany- may maintain a suit against any person subject to the order for the ing the Committee's consideration of H.R. 10930, as amended, were. collection of such assessment, and the several district courts of the conducted by the Committee within the definition of clause 2(b) (1). United States are hereby vested with jurisdiction to entertain such of Rule x of the Rules of the House of Representatives. suits regardless of the amount in controversy: Provided, That the remedies provided in this section shall be in addition to, and not ex- CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW clusive of, the remedies provided for elsewhere in this Act or now or In compliance with clause 3 of Rule XIII of the Rules of the House hereafter existing at law or in equity. of Representatives, changes in existing law made by the bill are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black AGRICULTURAL ACT OF 1970 brackets, new matter is printed in italic, and existing law in which no- change is proposed is shown in roman) : * COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION ACT [SEC. 610. The Commodity Credit Corporation, in furtherance of its powers and duties under subsections (e) and (f) of section 5 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act, shall, through the Cotton Board established under the Cotton Research and Promotion Sec. 7. Act, and upon approval of the Secretary, enter into agreements with (e) Providing that the producer or other person for whom the cot- the contracting organization specified pursuant to section (g) of that ton is being handled shall to the handler of cotton designated by the Act for the conduct, in domestic and foreign markets, of market de- Cotton Board pursuant to regulations issued under the order and that velopment, research or sales promotion programs and programs to aid such handler of cotton shall collect from the producer or other person in the development of new and additional markets, marketing facili- for whom the cotton, including cotton owned by the handler, is being ties and uses for cotton and cotton products, including programs to handled, and shall pay to the Cotton Board, an assessment prescribed facilitate the utilization and commercial application of research find- by the order, on the basis of bales of cotton handled, for such expenses ings. Each year the amount available for such agreements shall be that and expenditures, including provision for a reasonable reserve, as the portion of the funds (not exceeding $10,000,000) authorized to be Secretary finds are reasonable and likely to be incurred by the Cotton made available to cooperators under the cotton program for such year Board under the order, during any period specified by him[], and but which is not paid to producers because of a statutory limitation for reimbursing the Secretary (1) for expenses not to exceed $200,000 on the amounts of such funds payable to any producer. The Secretary incurred by him in connection with any referendum conducted under is authorized to deduct from funds available for payments to pro- section 8, and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary 14 ducers under section 103 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, as amended, on each of the 1972 and 1973 crops of upland cotton such additional sums for use as specified above (not exceeding $10,000,000 for each such crop) as he determines desirable; and the final rate of payment provided in section 103 if higher than the rate of the preliminary pay- ment provided in such section shall be reduced to the extent necessary to defray such costs. No funds made available under this section shall be used for the purpose of influencing legislative action or general farm policy with respect to cotton.] Calendar No. 966 94TH CONGRESS SENATE REPORT 2d Session No. 94-1023 COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PROGRAM JULY 1 (legislative day JUNE 18), 1976.-Ordered to be printed Mr. ALLEN, from the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany H.R. 10930] The Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, to which was referred the bill (H.R. 10930) to repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 pertaining to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for research and promotion and to amend section 7(e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agriculture, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon without amendment and recommends that the bill do pass. SHORT EXPLANATION H.R. 10930 makes changes in the cotton research and promotion program. The bill- (1) repeals section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, which authorizes Government financing to supplement funds available through producer assessments under the Cotton Research and Promotion Act; (2) authorizes, subject to a referendum among producers, a supplemental rate of producer assessment not to exceed 1 percent of the value of cotton as determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary of Agriculture. Neither an amendment to the order providing for a supplemental rate of assessment nor the disap- proval of such amendment would operate to decrease or other- wise affect the assessment of $1 per bale currently in effect; and (3) authorizes the Secretary to appoint consumer advisors to the Cotton Board. In number, they are not to exceed 15 percent of the membership of the Cotton Board. 57-010 2 3 BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR LEGISLATION There are seven major chemical companies which control an estimated I. 84 percent of synthetic production. In 1974, the two largest companies dominated the market with 54 percent of sales. Research in the fields The Cotton Research and Promotion Act was enacted in 1966 to of cotton production and marketing has been almost completely over- enable cotton producers to establish, finance, and carry out a coordi- shadowed by the heavily-financed programs of research and marketing nated program of research and promotion to improve the competitive by the manufacturers of synthetic textile products. position of, and to expand markets for, cotton. The Act authorized The program authorized by the Cotton Research and Promotion an assessment of $1 per bale of cotton and accorded individual pro- Act, has, however, enabled cotton to regain markets which had been ducers the right to obtain refunds of the assessments if they were not lost to synthetics and other competing fabrics. In 1960, cotton had in favor of the program. These funds were later supplemented by Gov- about 65 percent of the U.S. textile fiber market, and this fell below ernment funds under section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970. 30 percent in 1973. Cotton was gradually losing its markets to syn- Cotton research and promotion programs date back to 1938 when thetics, in part, because of the vast resources provided for research rayon was beginning to make inroads into cotton's markets. To help and development and for advertising and marketing support. In the combat this threat, a group of cotton leaders organized the National early 1960's, synthetic fiber corporations were spending about $120 Cotton Council with the objective of increasing consumption of million a year for research and advertising alone. In 1974, the syn- United States cotton and its products through research and promotion thetic industry invested $234 million in fiber research and $60 million as well as through other needed projects. The Council tried various in advertising to promote sales of synthetic fibers. By comparison, the voluntary financing plans. In 1960, it organized the Cotton Producers amount spent by Cotton, Inc., was but $5.4 million for fiber research Institute, as a division of the Council, with its funds going entirely to and $3.4 million for advertising for cotton. In part, as a result of the research and promotion projects. Collections went from a little over program authorized by the Cotton Research and Promotion Act, cot- $1 million the first year to a high of about $3 million and then began ton moved back to 30.3 percent of the fiber market in 1974. to decline for a number of reasons. As the program began to erode throughout the cotton producing area, it became clear a uniform III. method of financing was needed. This led to enactment of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act, which became effective with the 1967 According to the Department of Agriculture, through June 30, crop. 1975. $85 million in producer funds have been collected under the Cot- The 1966 Act and the implementing order subsequently approved ton Research and Promotion Act; $8 million have been refunded, leav- in a referendum of cotton producers provide the basic procedures for ing net collections of $77 million. Refunds have ranged from 3 per- carrying out the cotton research and promotion program. The Act and cent in 1967 to 12.5 percent in 1974. the order provide for establishment of a quasi-governmental agency to Section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended by the Ag- administer the program. This agency is the 20-member Cotton Board riculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, authorized the use of appointed by the Secretary from nominations made by producer as- Commodity Credit Corporation funds in fiscal years 1972-78 for the sociations in each State in the Cotton Belt. The Board handles the col- cotton research and promotion program. However, the appropriations lection of the $1 per bale assessments from producers and makes re- acts for the Department of Agriculture for 1974, 1975, and 1976 lim- funds of assessments upon request. It also has responsibility for ited the section 610 funds to $3 million annually to be used for re- safeguarding and investing the funds in accordance with governmen- search only. Through fiscal year 1976, a total of $29 million of Com- tal regulations. The other major function of the Board is to review each modity Credit Corporation funds has been made available for the year proposed research and promotion projects. program. The Act and order provide for a contracting organization to develop Through June 30, 1975, $71 million of producer funds have been ex- cotton research and promotion projects and related budgets and to pended with about 60 percent devoted to promotion and 40 percent to carry out the projects after approval by the Cotton Board and the research $25 million of section 610 funds have been spent through the Secretary of Agriculture. This organization, Cotton, Inc., is governed same date, about equally divided between promotion and research. by a board of directors composed of cotton producers elected by pro- The current fiscal year producer-funded program is budgeted at ducer associations in each Cotton Belt State. $10.1 million. Available producer funds for the fiscal year 1977 budget will be around $9 million, the smallest annual budget since the first II. year of the program. IV. A healthy, profitable cotton industry is an asset to the national econ- omy and makes a significant contribution to our export trade and the Many benefits have been derived from the cotton research and pro- all-important balance of payments in international trade. motion program. For example, a coordinated research program There is a need for a coordinated research and promotion program through contracts and cooperative agreements with State experiment if cotton is to maintain and expand its markets. Cotton is facing well- stations resulted in the development of the mechanical rick compactors organized and highly-financed competition from synthetic fabrics. and the module builder system. These systems permit the handling of S.R. 1023 S.R. 1023 4 5 seed cotton in a much more efficient manner for the grower, preserving determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. The supplemental the quality of the lint and seed, and reducing field loss. rate set forth in the bill is a maximum. So long as this amount is not Textile research at Cotton, Inc.'s plant and under contract and co- exceeded, the amended order could provide either a flat dollar-and- operative agreements has been responsible for new and better fab- cent rate per bale or a rate based on a percentage of value per bale rics, such as fire retardant and easy-care fabrics. Research is ongoing using past or current cotton prices. The Cotton Board would be ex- now to combat the occupational and safety health hazard of byssino- pected to engage in such meetings or communication with cotton sis. In the promotion area, Cotton, Inc., has been concentrating in growers as it deems necessary in order to arrive at a rate or rate pro- advertising, mill motivation, and new product merchandizing to in- cedure for recommendation to the Secretary. Thereafter, the views crease cotton consumption at the mill, manufacturer, and retail levels. of growers and others would be obtained on the assessment rate and The program will, if adequately funded, help restore cotton to its other provisions of the proposed amendment to the order in hearings rightful position as a fabric unequalled for comfort, durability, and conducted by the Secretary. The decision on the assessment rate to be economy of use. H.R. 10930, while terminating Government financing included in the amendment to the order would be made by the Cotton of the program, provides cotton growers in the United States an op- Board and the Secretary after giving consideration to the hearing portunity to decide for themselves whether they wish to assess them- record and the recommendations in connection therewith. selves additional charges to support the research and promotion effort. Before any supplemental assessment could become effective, it would, (In hearings on H.R. 10930 before the Subcommittee on Cotton of the of course, have to be approved by producers in a referendum conducted House Committee on Agriculture, cotton producer organizations were under section 8 of the Act. Neither an amendment to the order pro- virtually unanimous in their support of the bill.) viding for a supplemental rate of assessment nor disapproval of such amendment would operate to decrease or otherwise affect the assess- SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS ment of $1 per bale currently in effect. Paragraph (3) also provides that no authority under the Act may Section 1. Repeal of section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 be used as a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum re- Section 1 of the bill repeals section 610 of the Agricultural Act of lating to the rate of assessment with funds collected under the Act. 1970, as amended, effective October 1, 1977, thereby terminating pub- This provision does not affect the authority of the Cotton Board or lic funding of the program. After that date, the program will be Cotton, Inc. to conduct ongoing promotion programs in their cus- supported entirely with funds collected from producers of cotton. tomary and usual manner in which they explain the work that is being Section 610 authorizes the Commodity Credit Corporation to make performed under the order, but it is not expected that this activity available $10 million annually for research and promotion programs will be conducted in such a manner as to advertise or solicit votes in the conducted through the Cotton Board established under the Cotton referendum. Research and Promotion Act and provides discretionary authority to the Secretary of Agriculture to make additional sums available, not Section 3. Appointment of consumer advisors to the Cotton Board to exceed $10 million annually. Section 3 of the bill authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to ap- point consumer advisors to the Cotton Board. In number, they are Section 2. Supplemental rate of assessment and reimbursement for not to exceed 15 percent of the membership of the Cotton Board. Departmental administrative costs Section 2 of the bill contains three paragraphs amending section DEPARTMENTAL VIEWS 7(e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. Paragraph (1) provides that the assessments collected under the The Committee on Agriculture and Forestry has not received a re- Act shall be used to reimburse the Secretary of Agriculture for (a) port from the Department of Agriculture on H.R. 10930. However, in expenses, not to exceed $200,000, incurred by him in connection with a letter to Chairman Foley of the House Committee on Agriculture any referendum conducted under section 8 for approval of an order dated December 17, 1975, Assistant Secretary of Agriculture Richard or an amendment of an order and (b) administrative costs incurred L. Feltner stated that the Department had no objection to the enact- by the Secretary for supervisory work up to 5 employee years after ment of H.R. 10930 if amended and clarified in certain respects. The an order or amendment to an order has been issued and made effective. letter from the Assistant Secretary reads as follows: The limitations on the USDA expenses to be borne by producer assess- ments-$200,000 for the cost of the referendum and 5 employee years DEPARMENT OF AGRICULTURE, for the administrative costs for supervisory work-are, of course, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, ceilings and are not requirements that the full amount be utilized. Washington, D.C., December 17, 1975. Paragraph (2) sets forth an exception to the provision in the Act Hon. THOMAS S. FOLEY, that no more than one assessment shall be made on any bale of cotton Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, SO as to take account of any supplemental assessment authorized pur- Washington, D.C. suant to section 7 (e), as amended by the bill. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This is in reply to your request for a report Paragraph (3) provides authority for a supplemental rate of assess- on H.R. 10930, a bill "To amend section 7(e) of the Cotton Research ment in an amount not to exceed 1 percent of the value of cotton as S.R. 1023 S.R. 1023 6 7 and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for responsibility for supervising the producer-financed program. The De- reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agri- partment has well-defined oversight and surveillance responsibilities culture and to repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 per- in the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. We assure the Congress taining to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for re- that these activities will continue. search and promotion. Because of the ambiguity in the assessment provisions of the bill, we The Department has no objection to the enactment of H.R. 10930 if are unable to estimate the total amount of revenue to be generated by amended and clarified as set forth herein. this proposal. Section 1 (1) of the bill would provide for the reimbursement of ad- With respect to the provisions of Public Law 91-190, Section 102 ministrative costs incurred by the Department for supervisory work (2) (C), we believe this legislation would have no significant impact involving 2.5 employee years after an order or amendment to an on the quality of the environment. order has been issued and made effective. We recommend that a pro- The Office of Management and Budget advises that there is no ob- 0 vision be made for reimbursement of all administrative costs in- jection to the presentation of this report from the standpoint of the curred by the agency within the Department directly responsible for Administration's program. program administration-in this case the Agricultural Marketing Sincerely, Service. We further recommend that the Department be reimbursed RICHARD L. FELTNER, for all costs associated with the holding of a producer referendum to Assistant Secretary. approve additional assessments. The Department assumed all costs COST ESTIMATE of developing the Order, holding public hearings, and holding the producer referendum in 1966. Any costs associated with other than I. the initial referendum of 1966 should be defrayed from program assessments. In accordance with section 252 of the Legislative Reorganization Section 1 (2) contains language necessary to authorize the collection Act of 1970, the Committee estimates that the enactment of H.R. 10930 of an additional assessment on each bale over and above the present $1 would not result in any additional costs for the Federal Government per bale assessment. but should result in significant savings. There are in fact two sources Section 1(3) of the bill provides for an additional producer assess- of savings. ment for research and promotion. This is a decision that must ulti- First, H.R. 10930 would repeal the authority under section 610 of mately be reached in a referendum by cotton producers themselves if the Agricultural Act of 1970 that authorizes up to $10 million in Congress approves this amendment. The language in this section is not Commodity Credit Corporation funds for the purpose of cotton re- clear as to whether the additional assessment is to be an amount per search and promotion. The Secretary of Agriculture also has the bale or a percentage of some value of cotton to be determined in some discretion to designate up to $10 million from funds for the cotton undefined means by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. Neither is it program to use for research and promotion. Therefore, the potential clear as to who would establish the rate of the additional assessment. savings to the Federal Government from the repeal of section 610 is The Committee may want to consider changing the language to $20 million in fiscal 1978. However, the actual savings will probably specify an exact per bale amount of the additional assessment rather be closer to $3 million a year-the average Federal contribution for than providing that the amount be prescribed in an amendment to the the past three years. Order. This would be consistent with the action taken by Congress A second source of savings would result from the provisions in when it set the initial $1 per bale in the Act. It would also facilitate and H.R. 10930 which provide that certain administrative costs, now simplify the collection and remittance of assessments by handlers to borne by the Government, would be paid by cotton producers. These the Cotton Board as well as eliminate the need for an annual deter- include up to $200,000 for costs associated with any referendum con- mination of the value of cotton by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. ducted under the Act, and administrative costs for supervisory work In any event, we recommend that the language be revised to clarify involving up to 5 employee years after an order or amendment thereto the amount of the assessment and the basis on which it is to be has been made effective. These maximum limits should be more than established. enough to cover anticipated expenses for the future. According to Section 2 provides for the repeal of section 610 of the Agricultural the Department of Agriculture, the costs associated with a referendum Act of 1970 effective July 1, 1977. Thus, authority for the use of sec- should not exceed $175,000, and the administrative costs to the Depart- tion 610 funds would be continued for most of fiscal year 1977. Section ment for supervisory work should not exceed 3 employee years at this 610 authorizes the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for time. cotton research activities. The Department agrees with the repeal of The Committee's estimate for potential savings from enactment of section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970. This would be consistent this bill is basically consistent with the estimate of the Congressional with the approach taken in other commodity research and promotion Budget Office. However, realized savings will probably average about programs in that they are fully producer-financed. However, it should $3 million a year in 1978 through 1981 because this is the more likely be noted that the repeal of section 610 would in no way affect our funding level that could be expected. In addition, the savings in 1977 S.R. 1023 S.R. 1023 8 9 would only be $69,000 because the estimated "savings" for reimburse- the endorsement of cotton growers voting in a referendum. The Fed- ment of the referendum cost is a cost that would not be incurred unless eral costs of administering the cotton research and promotion pro- the legislation is passed. The net effect, therefore, is zero. gram and the cost of supervising the referendum would be reimbursed by cotton growers with funds derived from the assessments. COST SAVINGS 4. Cost Estimate: (Thousands of dollars; fiscal years] Enactment of H.R. 10930 would lead to a reduction in Federal costs as a result of the reimbursement provisions and the termination of the 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 CCC cotton promotion program. The estimated cost savings are shown Decrease in budget authority 0 20,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 in the table below. Total Reduction in costs 69 3,073 3, 077 3,082 3,087 COST SAVINGS Reduction in outlays 0 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 Reduction in administrative costs 69 73 77 82 87 IIn thousands of dellars; fiscal year] 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 II. Repeal of CCC funding 20,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 The cost estimate prepared by the Congressional Budget Office pur- Reimbursement of administrative cost 69 73 77 82 87 "Reimbursement of referendum cost 175 suant to section 403 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 reads as follows: Total 244 20,073 10,077 10,082 10, 087 CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, 5. Basis of Estimate: Washington, D.C., May 14, 1976. The estimates of the savings resulting from the termination of CCC Hon. THOMAS S. FOLEY, support represent the funds authorized in Section 610. It is assumed Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, that all of the funds authorized would have been spent in the year of U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. the authorization. Savings would not occur until FY 1978, the year DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN Pursuant to Section 403 of the Congressional Section 610 would be repealed. The estimates of the funds reimbursed Budget Act of 1974, the Congressional Budget Office has prepared the for administrative expenses reflect CBO projections of the cost of attached cost estimate for H.R. 10930, the Cotton Research and Promo- managing the cotton research and promotion program. The Agricul- tion Act. tural Marketing Service spent about $65,000 for the cotton program Should the Committee SO desire, we would be pleased to provide fur- in FY 1976. Future costs were projected using CBO estimates of the ther details on the attached cost estimate. expected changes in Federal salaries. The reimbursement for the cost of Sincerely, supervising a referendum is based on a Department of Agriculture ALICE M. RIVLIN, estimate. It was assumed that only one referendum would be held and Director. that this vote would occur in FY 1977 for the purpose of endorsing Attachment. or rejecting the new assessments. The last referendum was held about CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE ten years ago when the assessments were first authorized. 6. Estimate Comparison: None available. 7. Previous CBO Estimate: None. COST ESTIMATE MAY 14, 1976. 8. Estimate Prepared By: Robert M. Gordon (225-5275). 1. Bill Number: H.R. 10930 9. Estimate Approved By: 2. Bill Title Cotton Research and Promotion JAMES L. BLUM, 3. Purpose of Bill: Assistant Director Under Section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended, the for Budget Analysis. Commodity Credit Corporation, through the Cotton Board, provides III. funds for cotton research, promotion and market development. Sec- The Committee did not receive a cost estimate from the Depart- tion 610 authorizes $20 million per year for these purposes through ment of Agriculture. crop year 1977 (FY 1978) and $10 million per year thereafter. These funds are supplemented by assessments paid by cotton growers under CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW provisions of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act. H.R. 10930 would repeal Section 610 and would thus eliminate the In compliance with subsection (4) of rule XXIX of the Standing use of CCC funds for cotton research and promotion. In addition, Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill are the bill would authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to issue an order shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in that would raise the level of cotton assessments. This proposal requires black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman) : S.R. 1023 S.R. 1023 10 11 AGRICULTURAL ACT OF 1970 not members of or their interests are not represented by any such eligible producer organizations, from nominations made by producers in the manner authorized by the Secretary, SO that the representation [Sec. 610. The Commodity Credit Corporation, in furtherance of its of cotton producers on the Board for each cotton-producing State powers and duties under subsections (e) and (f) of section 5 of the shall reflect, to the extent practicable, the proportion which that Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act, shall, through the Cotton State's marketings of cotton bears to the total marketings of cotton in Board established under the Cotton Research and Promotion Act, and the United States: Provided, however, That each cotton-producing upon approval of the Secretary, enter into agreements with the con- State shall be entitled to at least one representative on the Cotton tracting organization specified pursuant to section (g) of that Act for Board. The Secretary may appoint a number of consumer advisors to the conduct, in domestic and foreign markets, of market development, the Cotton Board not to exceed 15 per centum of the membership of research or sales promotion programs and programs to aid in the de- the Cotton Board. The Cotton Board shall reimburse the consumer velopment of new and additional markets, marketing facilities and uses advisors for expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board in for cotton and cotton products, including programs to facilitate the the same manner as the Cotton Board members. utilization and commercial application of research findings. Each year (c) Providing that the Cotton Board shall, subject to the provisions the amount available for such agreements shall be 10 million dollars. of subsection (g) of this section, develop and submit to the Secretary The Secretary is authorized to deduct from funds available for pay- for his approval any advertising or sales promotion or research and ments to producers under section 103 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, development plans or projects, and that any such plan or project must as amended, on each of the 1972 through 1977 crops of upland cotton be approved by the Secretary before becoming effective. such additional sums for use as specified above (not exceeding $10,- (d) Providing that the Cotton Board shall, subject to the provisions 000,000 for each such crop) as he determines desirable; and the final of subsection (g) of this section, submit to the Secretary for his rate of payment provided in section 103 if higher than the rate of approval, budgets on a fiscal period basis of its anticipated expenses the preliminary payment provided in such section shall be reduced and disbursements in the administration of the order, including prob- to the extent necessary to defray such costs. No funds made available able costs of advertising and promotion and research and development under this section shall be used for the purpose of influencing legis- projects. lative action or general farm policy with respect to cotton. (e) Providing that the producer or other person for whom the cotton 1 is being handled shall pay to the handler of cotton designated by the Cotton Board pursuant to regulations issued under the order and that such handler of cotton shall collect from the producer or other person COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION ACT for whom the cotton, including cotton owned by the handler, is being handled, and shall pay to the Cotton Board, an assessment prescribed * by the order, on the basis of bales of cotton handled, for such expenses REQUIRED TERMS IN ORDERS and expenditures, including provision for a reasonable reserve, as the Secretary finds are reasonable and likely to be incurred by the Cot- SEC. 7. Orders issued pursuant to this Act shall contain. the follow- ton Board under the order, during any period specified by him[.] ing terms and conditions: and for reimbursing the Secretary (1) for expenses not to exceed (a) Providing for the establishment and selection by the Secretary, $200,000 incurred by him in connection with any eferendum conducted of a Cotton Board, and defining its powers and duties, which shall under section 8, and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Sec- include only the powers: retary for supervisory work up to 5 employee years after an order or (1) To administer such order in accordance with its terms and amendment to an order has been issued and made effective. To facili- provisions; tate the collection and payment of such assessments, the Cotton Board (2) To make rules and regulations to effectuate the terms and may designate different handlers or classes of handlers to recognize provisions of such order, including the designation of the handler differences in marketing practices or procedures utilized in any State responsible for collecting the producer assessment; or area, except that no more than one such assessment shall be made on of violations of such order; and (3) To receive, investigate, and report to the Secretary complaints any bale of cotton , unless specifically authorized by provisions of this subsection. The rate of assessment prescribed by the order shall (4) To recommend to the Secretary amendments to such order. be $1 per bale of cotton handled but, subject to approval in a refer- (b) Providing that the Cotton Board shall be composed of repre- endum as provided in section 8, the Secretary shall issue an amend- sentatives of cotton producers selected by the Secretary from nomi- ment to the order which shall provide that, in each marketing year, nations submitted by eligible producer organizations within a cotton- the rate shall be supplemented by an additional per bale amount to be producing State, as certified pursuant to section 14 of this Act, or, if collected or paid as provided in this subsection, such amount to be at the Secretary determines that a substantial number of producers are a rate as prescribed in the amendment to the order, but not to exceed one per centum of the value of cotton as determined by the Cotton 1 Section 610 is repealed effective Oct. 1, 1977. Board and the Secretary. Neither the amendment to the order author- S.R. 1023 S.R. 1023 12 ized by the foregoing provisions nor the disapproval of such amend- ment in a referendum shall operate to decrease or otherwise affect the amount of the assessment of $1' per bale in effect under the order published in the Federal Register on December 31, 1966. No authority under this Act may be used as a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relating to the rate of assessment with funds collected, under this Act. The Secretary may maintain a suit against any person subject to the order for the collection of such assessment, and the sev- eral district courts of the United States are hereby vested. with jurisdiction to entertain such suits regardless of the amount in con- troversy: Provided, That the remedies provided in this section shall be in addition to, and not exclusive of, the remedies provided for else- where in this Act or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. (f) Providing that the Cotton Board shall maintain such books and records and prepare and submit such reports from time to time, to the Secretary as he may prescribe, and for appropriate accounting by the Cotton Board with respect to the receipt and disbursement of all funds entrusted to it. (g) Providing that the Cotton Board, with the approval. of the Secretary, shall enter into contracts or agreements for the development and carrying out of the activities authorized under the order pursuant to sections 6 (a) and (b), and for the payment of the costs thereof with funds collected pursuant to the order, with an organization or association whose governing body consists of cotton producers selected by the cotton producer organizations certified by the Secretary under section 14, in such manner that the producers of each cotton-producing State will, to the extent practicable, have representation on the gov- erning body of such organization in the proportion that the cotton marketed by the producers of such State bears to the total cotton marketed by the producers of all cotton-producing States, subject to adjustments to reflect lack of participation in the program by reason of refunds under section 11. Any such contract or agreement shall provide that such contracting organization or association shall develop and submit annually to the Cotton Board, for the purpose of review and making recommendations to the Secretary, a program of research, advertising, and sales promotion projects, together with a budget, or budgets, which shall show the estimated cost to be incurred for such projects, and that any such projects shall become effective upon approval by the Secretary. Any such contract or agreement shall also provide that the contracting organization shall keep accurate records of all its transactions and make an annual report to the Cotton Board of activities carried out and an accounting for funds received and expended, and such other reports as the Secretary may require. (h) Providing that no funds collected by the Cotton Board under the order shall in any manner be used for the purpose of influencing governmental policy or action, except as provided by subsection (a) (4) of this section. * * * S.R. 1023 H.R. 10930 3 Ainety-fourth Congress of the United States of America AT THE SECOND SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the nineteenth day of January, one thousand nine hundred and seventy-six An Act To repeal section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 pertaining to the use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds for research and promotion and to amend section 7(e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act to provide for an additional assessment and for reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the Secretary of Agriculture. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section 610 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as amended (7 U.S.C. 2119), is repealed effective October 1, 1977. SEC. 2. Section 7(e) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act (7 U.S.C. 2106(e)) is amended as follows: (1) At the end of the first sentence strike the period and add the following: ", and for reimbursing the Secretary (1) for expenses not to exceed $200,000 incurred by him in connection with any refer- endum conducted under section 8, and (2) for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary for supervisory work up to 5 employee years after an order or amendment to an order has been issued and made effective.". (2) At the end of the second sentence strike the period and add the following: ", unless specifically authorized by provisions of this subsection.". (3) At the end of the third sentence strike the period and add the following: "but, subject to approval in a referendum as provided in section 8, the Secretary shall issue an amendment to the order which shall provide that, in each marketing year, the rate shall be supple- mented by an additional per bale amount to be collected or paid as provided in this subsection, such amount to be at a rate as prescribed in the amendment to the order, but not to exceed 1 per centum of the value of cotton as determined by the Cotton Board and the Secretary. Neither the amendment to the order authorized by the foregoing pro- visions nor the disapproval of such amendment in a referendum shall operate to decrease or otherwise affect the amount of the assessment of $1 per bale in effect under the order published in the Federal Register on December 31, 1966. No authority under this Act may be used as a basis to advertise or solicit votes in any referendum relating to the rate of assessment with funds collected under this Act.". H.R. 10930-2 SEC. 3. Section 7(b) of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act (7 U.S.C. 2106 (b)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "The Secretary may appoint a number of consumer advisors to the Cotton Board not to exceed 15 per centum of the membership of the Cotton Board. The Cotton Board shall reimburse the consumer advisors for expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board in the same manner as the Cotton Board members.". Speaker of the House of Representatives. Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate.