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Soul City
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1523023
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Soul City
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Paul C. Leach Files (Ford Administration)
Paul Leach's Commerce and Economic Development Subject Files
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The original documents are located in Box 17, folder "Soul City" of the Paul C. Leach Files, 1974 - 1977 at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Soul City OMBE has prounded 190 72 342 73 FORD if LIBRARY 038410 74 333 320 75 For Purpose of Pla, Promote, Develop Industrad Program EDA gave water system gront $2 million Brere Davies 4559 MEMORANDUM C.S.A. from THE Quern WASHINGTON WHITE HOUSE FY 1973 # 503,000 grad to asset in construct office bldg FY 1974 Towed down on #2.5 million FY 1975 $93,000 for almon. expenses FY 1976 Request for alwth93,000 al will probably gave $ 40,000 (with kiss off). FORD LIBRARY is GERALD MEMORANDUM EDA from HITT THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON EdA IS comfortable with progress ad purposes. No wheatron of improprieties with grant from EDA FORD is LIBRARY 9ERALD Call Carl Hystad THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DATE: July 14, 1975 TO: LYNN MAY FROM: JIM CAVANAUGH & SUBJ: Senator Helms & OMBE FYI Action X Please see me on this. colled Hystad 7/18/75 for FACTS. FORD if LIBRARY 0ERALD 7/30 July 11, 1975 MEMORANDUM TO: JIM LYNN JIM CANNON FROM: JACK MARSH The attached materials present a number of delicate practical and political problems. As Russ's memo indicates, GAO is already looking into this matter. The President is aware of Senator Helms's interest in this matter, and asked me to refer the phone memo and attachments to you for your Reonsideration and suggestions. I think he would like to have a short report back from OMB and Domestic Council as to the status of the situation as soon as is reasonably possible. Many thanks. CCI MFriedersdorf JOM:cb GERALD FORD LIBRARY 7/30 U.S. SENATOR JESSE HELMS 5107 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 202-224-6342 JUI 8 1975 Thought This might be of inTeresT to you - - - Clit Kuller Executive Assistant Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. LIBRARY FORD GIVD RAleish (N.C) News * observer 7/4/75 However. ne sold, am NUME not have money and an working, we will make McKissick Agency Given Contract YM arrangements. Shipes said he felt that ing the crew out on the was not the answer to the By PAT STITH Corp. (WRPC), a Soul City en existing minority businesses $500,000 of that money assisting vested more than $1 million in lem because without jo Staff Writer MI planning agency headed by and help start new minority McKissick's firms at Soul City McKissick's Soul City project, money they would need go Floyd B. McKissick. business in Warren, Vance has been under fire from the The Office of Minority Busi- TI McKissick is the founder of Franklin, Halifax, Northamp- Under prior contracts, House Appropriations Commit- lness Enterprise (OMBE) in Soul City, a government-subsi- ton and Nash Counties. WRPC was to have planned tee. Washington announced Thurs dized "new town" in Warren The new contract was effec- various-aspects of Soul City, That committee's investiga- THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 7, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: JACK MARSH FROM: RUSS ROURKE R SUBJECT: Telephone Conversation With Senator Helms Senator Helms is extremely upset over continuing grants to Soul City, North Carolina. Both Senator Helms and Congressman Fountain have just called for a GAO audit of government grants to Soul City. Helms wants all such grants (HUD, HEW, OMBA, etc. ) stopped until it is determined "how much McKissick and those rascals have stolen. 11 Senator Helms advised me that both he and his wife personally drove through Soul City and found no evidence whatever that any of the grants (now totaling some $17 million) have been put to any useful purpose whatever. "Soul City Boulevard is nothing but a bulldozer scraped road with temporary trailers on either side of the road. 11 Helms recited a $320, 000 grant as the latest example of wasteful and irresponsible 1. He is sending today a newspaper article from the Raleigh papers which further identifies the specifics of this situation. Helms asks that the White House act to halt any further award of grants. FORD LIBRARY THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 28, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: JIM CANNON THROUGH: MAX FRIEDERSDORF mc FROM: BOB WOLTHUIS RKW SUBJECT: Soul City Funding in North Carolina Senator Helms called and was very disturbed by the fact that Community Services recently funded Floyd McKissick's Soul City program in North Carolina for $38,000. Helms is insisting that all funding throughout the administration be temporarily halted until a GAO study of Soul City is completed. In our telephone conversation this afternoon he stated that HUD had terminated funding pending the GAO report but was very disturbed about Community Services. Senator Helms alleges that after $7 million all that exists at Soul City is three house trailers. He suspects that McKissick has Swiss Bank Accounts that should be looked into. Senator Helms expressed a very strong desire that he wants to save the President any embarrassment and, therefore, the GAO report should be completed before any further funds are put into the program. CC: Jim Lynn Paul O'Neill FORD is LIBRARY CERALD 975 JUL 29 AM 11 08 benj CC: 2TH PAUD Tupo FPG brodism* reborg вропто po combreçog perore gui Inuge use bas STAG cpe sux evg' срехедото' a GVO generol HOTER exhresseq s ASIA afroud qestie cuse pe mewce FO FREE проята pe Jookeg Tupo* salv& ead Jadd adosqure sH 8.1 WITTTON VII cyst extere $5 gonj CTFA TO spzee porres gracmpeq пролс COMMUNITA BELATCES* genstor Herms vijedes HAD pgq permissing progrud beugrud FUC evo LEDOLD pof ASS ASIA IN one persbyous cure pe acered FUST .bejeIgmoo al your 1008 to you's OAD is Ittms befied ad sid pathari IIs todo pattelant at smiell .000,880 zoi antions) at y310 1008 para COMMUTTEA gerarces LEOSUCTA Inugeg LJOAG tost odd vd Seductab yzev asw bris beliso amIeH Todanet 2001ECL: gody CTFA Enugynd TO yorff LBOW: BOB MoΓaHoΓe 15km WVX exter LOB: TIN СУЙИОЙ THE 38' 7012 THE MHILE HONSE THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DATE: July 29, 1975 TO: PAUL LEACH FROM: JIM CAVANAUGH SUBJ: Senator Helms & OMBE, Grants to Soul City, No. Car FYI Action You're already working on this. FORD is LIBRARY 07V830 7/30 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 30, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: JIM CAVANAUGH FROM: PAUL LEACH SUBJECT: Soul City Attached are reports from Bob Hitt, Morton's Assistant at Commerce and Otto Stolz at, HUD's Community Development Corporation. HUD is making no new disbursements of grant money until the GAO audit is completed. OMBE has investigated the allegations and found that there was no conflict of interest. OMBE is continuing to fund Soul City. Bob Hitt is going to dig into this to make sure that the OMBE investigation was complete and fair. He is also looking into EDA involvement. Art Quern is getting information from HEW and C.S.A. GERALD FORD LIBRURT DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economic Development Administration UNITED STATES OF AMERICA July 31, 1975 To : Bob Hitt Bill From: Bill Henkel Attached please find some current material relative to EDA's Henderson, N.C. (Soul City) project. The information confirms our conversation yesterday that EDA is comfortable with the purposes and progress of the subject project. The information I developed is routine and normal. Attachment TRANSMITTAL FORM CD-82A (10-67) PRESCRIBED BY DAO 214-2 USCOMM-DC 1232-P67 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE SECRETARY DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE * UNITED STATES OF AMERICA To: Paul Leach From: Bob Hitt Per our conversation FORD i LIBRARY 0ERALD TRANSMITTAL FORM CD-82A (5-75) USCOMM-DC 434-P75 PRESCRIBED BY DAO 214-2 PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIVISION DATE: July 30, 1975 PROJECT BRIEF Project No. 04-01-01159.1 Project Location: Henderson, N.C. (Soul City) Project Description: The project is for construction of a raw water intake in Kerr Reservoir; a 36" raw water main from the intake to a new 10 MGD water treatment plant; a 36" finished water main from treatment plant to Middleburg; with a 20" water main extending from Middleburg to Soul City with elevated storage, a 30" water main extending from Middleburg to Henderson, and a 20" water main extending to Oxford from Henderson. Grantee is City of Henderson with Soul City as one beneficiary. Date Approved: June 29, 1973 Financing: Total Project Cost $12,823,000 EDA Grant 2,140,000 EDA Loan - 0 - Other Federal Assistance - 0 - Applicant's Funds 10,683,000 Status of Project: Water Transmission lines substantially complete (ahead of schedule). Treatment Plant will not be completed until May 1976. Attached is an Inspection Report by Mabry S. Morgan of SERO dated April 2, 1975 with attachments. 1/ Bill see project budget attactivel for complete breakdown of This FORD is LIBRARY 076839 - 2 - As of March 27, 1975, funds in the amount of $4,090,667 have been expended. EDA is presently processing the first dis- bursement in the amount of $570,250.00. As you know, there have been a series of articles in North Carolina newspapers concerning allegations of improprieties in Federal Grants to Soul City. Apparently there will be investigations and audits. The EDA grant is, of course, to the City of Henderson and to date there has been no indication that our project will be involved. Mr. Holmes, City Manager of Henderson, appears to be quite satisfied with the progress of the work thus far and is aware of no problems or developments which might complicate or delay the work. I am in frequent telephone contact with Mr. Holmes and have requested that he contact me or you immediately if he becomes aware of any situation which might jeopardize the success of the project. For your information and convenience, I am attaching maps, budget and financing breakdowns, and contractor list for the project. Maling Magan MABRY S. MORGAN Civil Engineer Attachments FORD i LIBRARY 9ERALD DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economic Development Administration UNITED STATES OF AMERICA SOUTHEASTERN REGIONAL OFFICE 1401 Peachtree St. N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 Date: April 2, 1975 Reply to Attn of: TSD-SERO Subject: Project Inspection EDA Project No. 04-1-01159 Henderson, North Carolina To: C. H. Cole Chief, Engineering Branch On Thursday morning, March 27, 1975, Mr. Everett Scott, HUD Engineer, Raleigh, N. C.; Mr. Dick Primm, HUD Labor Relations Department, Greensboro, N. C.; and I met with Mr. Melvin Holmes, City Manager of Henderson, N. C. We discussed a labor problem which Mr. Scott had observed at the construction site of the raw water intake facility a couple of weeks earlier. Mr. Scott had observed two employees tieing structural steel reinforcing bars who were classified and being paid as carpenters. The carpenter's classification carries a lower wage rate than structural steel workers. Mr. Scott discussed this with the superintendent of the construction company and the superin- tendent stated that the improper classification would be taken care of. EDA will verify this by checking future payrolls. In the afternoon, Mr. Scott and I made a construction inspect- ion on active parts of the project. We visited the elevated tank site where foundations were being formed for placement of concrete within a few days. The work was satisfactory. FORD No work was being performed at the raw water intake structure due to recent rains which had raised the water level approxi- mately 15 feet above normal pool elevation. It was estimated GERALD that it will take 3 or 4 weeks to draw down the level of Kerr Reservoir enough to resume construction on the intake structure. Work at the water treatment plant was progressing rapidly and it appears that the plant work is on schedule. All pipe lines are being installed rapidly and the work is ahead of schedule with the exception of the connecting main to the Cities of Henderson and Oxford. The contracts for these lines were executed on February 24, 1975 and work was to be completed within 180 calander days. All construction and clean up inspected to date appears to be satisfactory. For a project of this size and scope, there has been a minimum of problems and change orders to date. EDA PROJECT 04-1-01159 Henderson, North Carolina PROJECT BUDGET Grant Offer Amendment Actual After All 6/29/73 12/4/74 Bids 2/24/75 Interest $ 264,000 $ 370,000 $ 370,000 Legal & Admin. 20,000 20,000 20,000 Land 57,000 60,000 60,000 A/E Fees 452,000 717,060 717,060 Incidental to Land Acquisition 7,000 7,000 7,000 Construction 7,400,000 11,211,831 11,012,140 Contingency 800,000 437,109 396,082 Total 9,000,000 12,823,000 12,582,282* *Last contracts awarded resulted in underruns, causing the budget to be less than anticipated on Dec. 4, 1974. SOURCES OF FUNDS ± % EDA $2,140,000 17 HUD 4,022,950 32 State of N.C. 2,795,000 22.2 Henderson 2,535,021 20.2 Oxford 986,191 7.8 Soul City 103,120 0.8 12,582,282 100.0 Total Federal Funds = 6,162,950 = 49% 12,582,282 FORD LIBRARY EDA PROJECT 04-1-01159 Henderson, N.C. CONTRACTS AND AMOUNTS Contractor Contract Amount % Complete George W. Kane, Inc. Water Treatment Plant $3,034,000 24 Roberts Filter Co. Filters 621,300 O Bolton Corporation Plumbing 70,920 34 Bolton Corporation Mechanical 123,926 12 Watson Electrical Electrical 410,830 6 Paul N. Howard Raw Water Intake 1,415,000 48 Charles F. Smith Water Lines 1,430,976 30 Charles F. Smith Water Lines 1,216,444.25 77 Blythe Brothers Water Lines 1,282,899.15 81 Columbus Contractors Water Lines 695,215 62 Brown Steel Co. Elevated Tank 378,901.50 16 Blue Contracting Co. Water Lines 331,738.10 0 Total 11,012,140.60 39.5% % Construction completed as of March 15, 1975 = 4,353,712 = 39.5% 11,012,140 BERALOR FORD LIBRARY Boydton Finchle in 1 Clarksville 46 Dom Gasburg 13 (Buggs Island 9 11 Lake) Ken Res Vulture Hill Lake Henrico / Gaston Stateme Townsville Bullock Comberry Wise COAST ARCLAS Stocal VANCE Roanoke Rapius NORTHAMPTON Williamsboro Weldon 158 GRANVILLE Sunnyside W RREN Hutoric + 7 Holifax Olewis 158 4 Brooksdale Liberia + SOUTH 15 : ottalitax Hendersom + Creek 43 Airlie Serea 9 RIS ON UATOR Elberon Arcola Bryantown Brieverville, mperiaxe M Gilburg X Ine COAST Titlery LINE Hollister Healthsville 3, 351 (125) : Providence OAST GIN E Essam Morian /: Spring Aiert ussex SOUTHEEN H A L A X His Kittreil Ringwood v 501 SEABOAD 13 COAST Centerville Wood Enfield Stem 10 Hinamoke 12 3 Glenview 258 Lake Ingleside * Bahama Michae CHester = Aventon Scotland Neck Wilton 1 FRA NKLIN SEASONS 56 :: Franklintor + Louisburg NORFOLK Creedmoor & SCL 3 Castalia 43 Rosepeath Palmyrs 10 SEABOAR SROCK 13 35 5/ Mapleville Battieboro / Justice 6 DURH 50 / 58 Red Oak 301 Lawrence Youngsville 10 a 39 581 Dortches 1/5 44 1) 401 N A S H Durham 1A Leggett New 54 Wake Fore 5 Hope Momever Bunn -Nast c Fring Hope Rocky EDGECOMBE Oa. 1 Riley Mount 2 SEABOARD Tarborch Rolesvill 10 10 . Pearces in Nause 9/3 rinceville reshams L Sharpsburg 43 : if Grove 401 Wakefield Stannope soul E Millbrook 5 Conetoe 76 W K E Country E in Doctor Town Pinetop in Bethe Knightdal Museum and 6 17 Wendel Sime 8 EABOARD 258 Creek Cagle Wilbanks 24 ORFOL Rock Baney Now State Fair Raleigh 39 Macciesfield , Crisp SOUTHERN Wilson Faiklar Lake Garner Wheeler Archer 301 Auburn Bruce 5 sou. Lodge WILSON Fountain Newhii Bonsal ** o Toddy 43 50 1 70 Clayton Lucama , McCullers I Scrings Farmille 42 SOUTHERN 9 LINE Stantonsburg NORFOR 401 95 Ken Bell Fequive is Walstonburg Willow Scrings EA Bagley? 3 Minis - Wilsons 55 6 70A Selma 254 P 11 Frement 6 13 Lorinth/ Duncan + Pinkney Eureka 58 258 13 AYCOCK 10 9 9 Smithfield 58 Birthplace Lizzie 210 14 Pine Level Mauty Poundtree Pikeville Chalybeate Springs Angier 50 Holts USA, Princeton G R N Kipling OH NL T Betown X Snow Hill(123) will Roven Rock 2 3 21 Saulston 13 + cadway 70 Hoo-erton 10 Four Oaks + 421 Bules COAST Neuse Rosewood Maniers 1.006 Chars Goldsboro 258 + 3CI Lilling: 16 SOUTHERN ) Jason Benson, 15 Institute 58 421 17 Care 96 3 SEYMOUR ATLANTIC Dawson 50 10HNSON 27 Erwin W A + AIR BASEN Grange 701 + Bentorvile Burnett 13 Dunn 242 Bathetie 4 and HARNE Grantham III Kinston Dwdley 11 Sevent Carwell Memor A ve 117 Cliff, of Nevie Springs Curboat New w 55 D-pbersville St. Pk 210 Rice Linden Averasboro Godwin Battieground 11 Mount 55 Suttontown LENOIR Rechester Falcon spivey's Olive 13 Jorner 10 5% Deep Nade 15 101) Albertson 242 Keener JISON AC3 S A M P S 0 N 1735 Boxders J Courel lake Salemburg Gardens Check I CHALD CARLOR. E KERR RAW WATER INTAKE TRANSMISSION NEW WATER (D) TREATMENT MAINS 2 PLANT 36" 3 A A 8 S.R.1371 S R 1371 Manson 7 20" 8 36" 9 20" 30" MIDDLEBURG A sou o SITE PLANT VANCE WARREN CIT NEW 14 15 16 WATER (or TRANSMISS MAINS Belltown Cokesbury CO. CO - WATER CITY (TO BE CF PLANT FORD 07V835 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON August 1, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: JIM CAVANAUGH FROM: PAUL LEACH Paul SUBJECT: Soul City To update you on Soul City, Bob Hitt reports that EDA is "comfortable" with the progress of the $2 million part of the project which they are financing. Art Quern reports that CSA (confidentially) is phasing out their support over FY 1976. Let's talk about what to do with this one. FORD & LIBRARY CERALD THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON August 5, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: JACK MARSH THROUGH: JIM CAVANAUGH FROM: PAUL LEACH SUBJECT: Soul City The following information has been gathered to provide you with a basis for responding to Senator Jesse Helms on the Soul City situation. Attached are reports on this project from Bob Hitt, Secretary Morton's Assistant at Commerce (Tab A) and Otto Stolz at HUD's Community Development Corporation (Tab B). The other agencies provided information by telephone. HUD is making no new disbursements of grant moneys until the GAO audit is completed. OMBE (at Commerce) has investigated the allegations and found that there was no conflict of interest. OMBE is continuing to fund Soul City. In addition, the EDA (at Commerce) has financed about $2 million of this project (public facilities, sewers, etc.) and is reportedly "comfortable" with the progress. The Community Services Administration (old OEO) has indicated confidentially that FY 1976 grant of about $40,000 will be a "phase out" grant with no more to follow. HEW (primarily the Public Health Service) has put about $1.2 million into the project and has nothing bad to report. FORD is LIBRARY GERALD UNITED STATES REPORT OF THE GENERNY ACCOUNTING OFFICE COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES Information On The New Community Of Soul City, North Carolina Multiagency This report contains the results of GAO's review of the financing and operations of the new community of Soul City, North Carolina-the project's history; current status; and sources and amounts of Federal, State, and local financial aid going directly to Soul City or to the surrounding municipalities for the benefit of Soul City. The report also contains the results of GAO's examination into allegations relating to the project and its test of the allowability of ex- penditures of four Soul City organizations. DEC. 18, 1975 RED-76-52 CONFEDER GENERAL COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES WASHINGTON, D.C. 20548 OR THE OF THE UNITED STATES B-183353 The Honorable L. H. Fountain House of Representatives Dear Mr. Fountain: In accordance with your March 5, 1975, request and the agreement reached with your office on March 12, 1975, we examined the financing and operations of the new community of Soul City, North Carolina. Specifically, we obtained information on the project's history, current status, and sources and amounts of Federal, State, and local financial aid going directly to Soul City or to the surrounding municipalities for the benefit of Soul City. We also examined various allegations relating to the project and tested the allowability of expenditures of four Soul City organizations. As you requested, we obtained oral comments on the results of our review from the various Federal agencies and from the Soul City organizations and have incorporated them in the report. The results of our review are summarized below and are discussed in greater detail in the appendix. HISTORY AND STATUS Soul City, located in Warren County, North Carolina, is one of 15 active new community developments authorized by title VII of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1970. The Soul City project was first announced in January 1969 by Mr. Floyd B. McKissick, president of Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc. A preapplication for a Federal loan guarantee was submitted to the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) on April 1, 1969, and the final application was submitted on February 24, 1971. HUD's offer of commitment for a loan guarantee was granted in June 1972. The project agreement--a contract with HUD which incor- porates all the legal, financial, and program arrangements for the new town development--was completed in February RED-76-52 B-183353 1974. The project agreement provided that the developer could issue up to $14 million of debentures which the Government would guarantee. --Final design has been completed on the underground utilities. The clearance of the right-of-way was Soul City's development using federally guaranteed completed in February 1975, and construction is funds began in March 1974 when The Soul City Company, the scheduled to start soon. developer, sold $5 million of debentures. Subsequent issues are contingent upon the developer's meeting certain special -The major roads for Village I are now under construc- conditions spelled out in the project agreement. tion and are nearing completion. There are five other federally assisted organizations In addition, an industrial building (Soultech I) is at Soul City--the Warren Regional Planning Corporation almost finished, and Soul City will be a major participant (WRPC); the Soul City Foundation, Inc.; HealthCo, Inc.; the in a regional water system now under construction. Soul City Utilities Company; and the Soul City Sanitary District. Other major organizations at Soul City are ALLEGATIONS RELATING TO THE SOUL CITY PROJECT Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc., McKissick Soul City Associates, and the Madison and McKissick Development In accordance with agreements reached with your office, Company, Inc. (See pp. 12 to 18.) we examined various allegations relating to preferential treatment in providing Federal assistance, interlocking As of March 1975, 27 Federal grants, contracts, and directorships and nepotism, lack of progress, and poor agreements; 1 loan; and 1 loan guarantee, totaling $19.2 management practices. million, had been reserved or set aside for those six organizations. Of that amount, $10.2 million had been Preferential treatment in providing awarded and $4.6 million had been spent. In addition, the Federal assistance Soul City project benefited from Federal grants totaling $6.9 million that had been awarded to State, county, and We wanted to determine whether the Federal agencies had local governmental units and to a private contractor. followed their normal procedures in awarding and monitoring (See pp. 19 to 32.) the grants, contracts, and agreements; the loan; and the loan guarantee to Soul City organizations, and if not, the As of August 1975 physical development at Soul City reasons for their deviation. was essentially on target, considering that the loan guar- antee with the prime developer, The Soul City Company, was We noted that one agency had awarded a contract before signed about 18 months earlier. it established procedures for reviewing and approving such a contract. We noted also that, although the other agencies The following were either under construction or in the had established procedures, several had deviated from them design stages as of August 1975. in awarding or administering the grants, contracts, a loan, and a loan guarantee that benefited the Soul City project. --Construction began on an interim water system in April 1975. The system is to supply water until the 1. Deviations from or lack of established regional water system is in operation. review and approval procedures --An areawide waste water treatment study is underway, The Office of Minority Business Enterprise (OMBE), and plans for the regional system are to be completed Department of Commerce, had not established contract review late in the fall of 1975. and approval procedures before it awarded a $190,0 letter contract to WRPC in February 1972. OMBE officials told us --Construction began on an industrial fire protection that the Congress first appropriated program funds for OMBE system in April 1975. The system is being built in conjunction with a small lake adjoining the industrial in January 1972. At that time OMBE was considering funding 17 proposals, 1 of which was a WRPC proposal. The official park. said that, although review and approval procedures had not been established, the Secretary of Commerce wanted to obligate the program funds before the end of the fiscal 2 year. (See pp. 34 to 38.) 3 B-183353 B-183353 free-standing, new community and because there was no The Community Services Administration (CSA) approved established industrial base in the vicinity from which it and funded two grants to the Soul City Foundation in May could attract growth. 1973 and July 1974 for $502,875 and $93,000, respectively, before the grants had progressed through their normal review Because of the risks, HUD imposed restrictive condi- and approval process. According to CSA officials, the grant tions on the developer that it did not impose on other new proposals were not reviewed in accordance with normal proce- community developers. The loan guarantee for Soul City dures because CSA headquarters determined that the proposals was established at $14 million, but the developer was should be approved and funded before the review and approval authorized to issue only $5 million of debentures initially. process was completed. As a result the review process was Before it could issue additional debentures, the developer limited to determining whether the necessary documentation was required to meet certain conditions pertaining to was in order and whether the proposed activities could be industrial development, land sales, and onsite construction. funded under the act. (See pp. 38 to 42.) (See p. 51.) 2. Grants and loans awarded 4. Relaxation of normal requirements after the programs were terminated for Soul City developer HUD approved basic water and sewer grants and a public HUD relaxed other conditions normally imposed on new facility loan totaling about $3.5 million after the Secretary community developers, and as a result, Soul City's debt-to- of HUD announced that the water and sewer facilities grant equity ratio may increase to 9:1, rather than the normally program and public facilities loan program would end on required ratio of 4:1, unless the developer is required to January 5, 1973. contribute additional equity when it issues additional debentures. HUD officials said that the developer, when it The Secretary of HUD told HUD regional and area offices issues additional debentures, probably will be required to that no water and sewer grants or public facility loans contribute additional equity. would be approved after January 5, 1973, unless (1) the project application had been rated under the community HUD requires that the security requirement for a loan development project-rating system, (2) the application had guarantee be at least 110 pèrcent of the outstanding obliga- been determined to be fundable in relation to other appli- tions at any one time. For Soul City, the security require- cations and to funds on hand, (3) funds had been reserved ment was $5.5 million and the collateral used to meet the for the project, and (4) the project applicant had been requirement consisted of investments, real property, land notified of approval, in writing, on or before January 5, development costs, and proceeds from the sale of the guar- 1973. anteed obligations. If the value of the collateral account exceeds the security requirement, the developer can draw The grant and loan applications did not meet the above down the excess from the escrow account. criteria which would have allowed HUD to approve and award the grants and loan after the termination date. HUD offi- The basis used in computing the amount of land develop- cials agreed that the applications did not meet the criteria. ment costs included in Soul City's collateral account However, it was their opinion that HUD had a moral obliga- differed from that normally used for other new communities. tion to fund the water and sewer grants because in 1972 HUD HUD's normal procedure provides that, if the developer owns issued an offer of commitment for guaranteed assistance to all the project land, all land development costs be included the new community of Soul City. HUD successfully appealed in the collateral account. However, if the developer does to the Office of Management and Budget for release of water not own all the project land, as is the case, with Soul City, and sewer funds for several new community projects, only the land development costs directly related to the land including Soul City. (See pp. 55 to 60.) owned are included in the collateral account. In addition, an allocated portion of the costs incurred for land develop- 3. Special restrictive conditions ment that are applicable to the total project, such as imposed on Soul City developer administrative costs, legal fees, and planning costs, is included in the collateral account. HUD recognized that there were considerable risks inherent in developing Soul City because it was the first 5 4 B-183353 B-183353 1973--and a 4-month operational period beginning September 1, HUD's deviation from normal procedures permitted the 1973. However, it was not until August 5, 1974, that developer to include about 66 percent of the land development HealthCo began seeing patients. costs in the collateral account rather than the 40 percent that would have been allowed if normal procedures had been Part of HealthCo's problem in getting started stemmed followed. For example, in March 1974 the developer was per- from its inability to obtain the Public Health Service's mitted to draw down an additional $417,000. approval of the clinic until the permanency of Soul City was reasonably insured by the March 1974 HUD bond closing HUD officials said that it would not have been equit- with The Soul City Company. However, notwithstanding this able to apply the normal allocation formula because the uncontrollable restraint, the Public Health Service rated developer owned a relatively small part of the total planned HealthCo's performance as poor. project and because its ability to draw down funds from the escrow account would have been hampered. (See pp. 52 to 54.) HealthCo's efforts to obtain a permanent building have changed radically. The building size has been scaled down Interlocking directorships and nepotism from 16,000 square feet to about 7,000 square feet, and the estimated cost has been reduced from $500,000 to $220,000. A number of allegations dealt with interlocking direc- (See p. 63.) torships among organizations at Soul City and with nepotistic practices of hiring family members in management positions. In August 1974, when it opened, the HealthCo clinic treated an average of seven patients a day. This same work- We found that the allegations related to interlocking load level prevailed through December 1974. From August directorships and the hiring of family members by management through December 1974, the average patient-visit cost was officials were correct. However, nothing in the rules, $258. By May 1975 the clinic was treating 31 patients a regulations, or grant and contract provisions governing the day, and the workload remained at that level through August awards made by Federal agencies prohibited interlocking 1975. In August 1975, with such a patient load, the directorships. Some grants did prohibit hiring family patient-visit cost was about $44, after deducting fees col- members to work within the same department of an organiza- lected from patients and third-party payments. The clinic tion. None of the family members hired worked in the same staff consisted of 2 full-time physicians, 1 full-time department. The family members hired had the education and dentist, 2 family-nurse practioners, and 18 other support experience to qualify them for their jobs. (See pp. 60 to and administrative employees. 65.) 2. Warren Regional Planning Corporation Lack of progress and poor management practices WRPC was faulted for its Some of the allegations made related to the lack of progress and poor management practices of three of the Soul --Failing to recruit industry for Soul City. City organizations. -Making improper loans to Floyd B. McKissick Enter- 1. HealthCo, Inc. prises, Inc. HealthCo, Inc., was faulted for (1) having spent an -Paying for a life insurance policy on Floyd McKissick inordinately large amount before opening its doors to the after he was no longer WRPC's director. public and (2) not having treated an acceptable number of patients since starting operations. We found the allega- --Receiving $274,000 for legal and other services to tions to be essentially correct, but time has altered some support the profit-seeking organization, Floyd B. of the conditions. (See pp. 66 to 68.) McKissick Enterprises, in its quest of Federal back- ing for its bond sale. These expenditures may have HealthCo's first Federal grant from the Office of been included in Soul City Company's predevelopment Economic Opportunity was effective July 1, 1972. The grant costs. provided for a 14-month preparation period--to September 1, BERALOR FORD VIBRARY 7 6 B-183353 B-183353 transactions, 86, or about 25 percent, did not meet 1 or WRPC contracts did not specifically require recruiting more of the tests for allowability. Of the 86 errors, 67 of industry. However, WRPC did try, unsuccessfully, to related to the lack of adequate documentation supporting recruit industry for Soul City. the expenditure transaction. On the basis of our projection, at a 95-percent confidence level, the number of transactions WRPC made improper loans of about $27,000 to Floyd B. in the universe which failed to meet 1 or more of the tests McKissick Enterprises before HUD's backing of a bond sale for allowability ranged from 1,063 to 1,926. for The Soul City Company--Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises successor in the development undertaking. The loans were We also selected a judgment sample of expenditure trans- repaid as soon as the bond proceeds were received. WRPC actions on the basis of the nature and size of the expendi- also improperly paid Mr. McKissick's travel expenses and tures and their relation to our areas of interest. Using continued paying insurance premiums on his behalf after he the same criteria for allowability as we used in the statis- resigned as WRPC's director. tical sample, we found that 39, or about 35 percent, of the 113 selected transactions did not meet 1 or more of the OMBE amended WRPC's contract in June 1973 to authorize tests for allowability, as shown below. Of the 39 errors $274,000 for direct support of Floyd B. McKissick Enter- noted, 29 related to expenditures that had not been made in prises' efforts to obtain final Federal backing of The Soul accordance with the provisions of the grants or contracts. City Company's bonds. Our review showed that WRPC spent Our examination of HealthCo's and WRPC's records and accounts about $223,000 for this purpose. indicated recent improvements but confirmed a need for a more businesslike approach to purchasing and recordkeeping. Although it is true that the $223,000 directly supported a profit-seeking company, it was not included in The following table shows the dollar value of expendi- the predevelopment costs The Soul City Company claimed, nor ture transactions included in our samples and the value of was it used as a basis for increasing the stated value of those transactions which we found to be questionable. A the owner's equity in Soul City properties or for drawing detailed breakdown by the four Soul City organizations is down proceeds of bond sales. (See pp. 68 to 71.) shown on pages 77 to 79. Soul City Foundation, Inc. It was alleged that Soul City Foundation, Inc., received a $90,000 grant for the purpose of seeking more Federal moneys. We found that seeking more Federal moneys was only one of four activities under the particular grant and that the grantee incurred costs for other activities covered by the grant. (See p. 71.) ALLOWABILITY OF EXPENDITURES OF SOUL CITY ORGANIZATIONS Using statistical-sampling techniques, we selected 349 expenditure transactions from The Soul City Company, Soul City Foundation, WRPC, and HealthCo and sought to determine whether these expenditures had been made in accordance with the terms and provisions of the grant, contract, or loan guarantee and whether they were adequately supported by documentation. We also sought to verify that the goods or services procured had been received and had been used for their intended purposes. For this test, we excluded com- pensation paid to employees of the Soul City organizations. We made an additional test of payroll transactions, the results of which are shown on page 83. Of the 349 9 8 B-183353 B-183353 Dollar Value of Questionable Transactions in Samples CONCLUSIONS Statistical Judgment --As of August 1975 the physical development of Soul sample sample City was essentially on target. Although the idea for a new community was conceived in 1969 and the Number of transactions sampled 349 113 final application was made to HUD in 1971, it was not until early in 1974 that the loan guarantee was Dollar value of transactions finally executed. Therefore the project, for all sampled $802,000 $354,400 practical purposes, has been in existence for only about 18 months. Because the project was in its Number of transactions: initial stages, most of the accomplishments were not Not in compliance with grant visible in terms of shops and houses but were evi- provisions 17 29 denced by more basic amenities, such as roads, Lacking adeguate documentation utilities, and social services, required for the (note a) 67 10 new community. Goods or services not received 2 | HUD deviated from its established procedures in Total 86 39 awarding or administering grants, a loan, and a loan guarantee in that it made awards after the Dollar value of questionable programs were terminated, it relaxed certain condi- transactions (note b) $ 44,331 $ 51,883 tions which are normally imposed on the awardee, and in one instance it imposed more restrictive requirements on the awardee. ᵃDocumentation was not adequate for only part of the expenditures in some cases. CSA deviated from its established procedures in that it made awards before the normal review and ᵇIn some cases only part of the transactions were questioned. approval process was completed. Typical examples of expenditures not made in accordance -Although interlocking directorships and the hiring with contract or grant provisions and of the lack of adequate of family by management officials did exist within documentation for expenditures are and among the Soul City organizations, these relationships were not prohibited by the rules, --payments to Mr. McKissick for travel expenses regulations, or contract provisions governing the incurred after he resigned from WRPC, awards made by the Federal agencies. Furthermore the agencies were aware of these relationships. loans to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises and payments for consultant services without prior approval of Many expenditure transactions by WRPC, HealthCo, the agency responsible for administering the contract, and the Soul City Foundation were not in accordance with grant or contract provisions or lacked adequate -interest and penalty payments to the Internal Revenue supporting documentation. Service and to the North Carolina Department of Revenue for late payment of employee withholding RECOMMENDATIONS taxes, and In view of the serious questions our review raised of --numerous payments for travel expenses without expenditure transactions of the Soul City organizations and sufficient support for the amounts claimed. the planned expenditures of millions of dollars of Federal funds by these organizations for the Soul City project, we recommend that the Secretaries of HUD, HEW, and Commerce and the Director of CSA: 10 11 353 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Contents Determine the allowability of grant and contract expenditures made to date and recover all unallowable Page expenditures. NEW COMMUNITIES PROGRAM 1 Insure that adequate controls exist to prevent such unallowable expenditures in the future. HISTORY AND STATUS OF SOUL CITY PROJECT 3 History 3 Project status 6 Perent Sincerely yours B. Starts ORGANIZATIONS AND INTERLOCKING RELATIONSHIPS 12 The Soul City Company 12 Warren Regional Planning Corporation 12 Soul City Foundation, Inc. 12 Comptroller General HealthCo, Inc. 13 of the United States Soul City Utilities Company 13 Soul City Sanitary District 14 Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc. 14 McKissick Soul City Associates 14 Madison and McKissick Development Company, Inc. 14 Interlocking relationships 16 GRANTS, CONTRACTS, AGREEMENTS, LOAN, AND LOAN GUARANTEE 19 ALLEGATIONS RELATING TO THE SOUL CITY PROJECT 33 Preferential treatment in providing Federal assistance 33 Department of Commerce--Office of Minority Business Enterprise 34 Office of Economic Opportunity--Community Services Administration 38 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare--Office of Education 42 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare--Public Health Service 43 National Endowment for the Arts 49 Department of Housing and Urban Development--new communities loan guarantee 50 Department of Housing and Urban Development--grants and loans pertaining to sewer and interim water system 55 Grants awarded to Henderson, North Carolina 57 Department of Commerce--Economic Development Administration 57 Department of Housing and Urban Development--basic water and sewer grant 59 Department of Housing and Urban Development--supplemental grant 60 12 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Page INFORMATION ON THE NEW COMMUNITY OF SOUL CITY, NORTH CAROLINA Interlocking directorships and nepotism 60 Lack of progress and poor management practices 65 NEW COMMUNITIES PROGRAM Physical development 65 HealthCo 66 Title IV of the Housing and Urban Development Act of Warren Regional Planning Corporation 68 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3901, et seq.) and title VII of the Housing Soul City Foundation 71 and Urban Development Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4511, et seq.) Other allegations 72 established the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) new communities program. The program encourages new ALLOWABILITY OF EXPENDITURES OF SOUL CITY community development by providing financial assistance to ORGANIZATIONS 75 private and public developers. The developers must satisfy Results of statistical and judgment samples 75 a broad range of economic, social, environmental, and govern- The Soul City Company 80 mental objectives to obtain financial assistance. Warren Regional Planning Corporation 81 HealthCo 82 Title IV provided for $250 million in Federal loan guar- Soul City Foundation 83 antees to new community developers for buying and developing Payroll audit results 83 land. The guarantee was limited to $50 million for each project. Title IV also established a program for supple- SCOPE OF REVIEW 84 mental grants to State and local public bodies associated with new communities for public facilities, such as water ABBREVIATIONS and sewer systems. CPA certified public accountant Title VII expanded the Federal Government's commitment CSA Community Services Administration to the new communities program by doubling the loan guaran- EDA Economic Development Administration tee ceiling to $500 million. It also provided for technical FHWA Federal Highway Administration assistance to help new developers plan and carry out new GAO General Accounting Office community projects. Public Law 93-117, enacted October 2, HEW Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 1973, increased the loan guarantee ceiling to $695.5 HUD Department of Housing and Urban Development million. The $50 million limit for each project remained NCA New Communities Administration in effect. NEA National Endowment for the Arts OE Office of Education With the Federal Government's guaranteeing their OEO Office of Economic Opportunity obligations, developers can borrow long-term private capital OMBE Office of Minority Business Enterprise at considerably lower interest rates than would otherwise PHS Public Health Service be possible. The federally guaranteed loan funds can be WRPC Warren Regional Planning Corporation used for land acquisition and for such land development activities as installing water, sewer, and utility lines and constructing roads and sidewalks. However, these funds cannot be used to build residential, commercial, and industrial structures. HUD's New Communities Administration (NCA) administers the new communities program. NCA reviews applications to determine whether proposed new community projects meet legislative goals and conform to HUD's regulations. After these reviews, NCA reports its findings and recommendations to the Community Development Corporation's Board of Direc- tors. The seven-member Board consists of the Secretary of HUD, five persons appointed by the Secretary, and a General Manager appointed by the President of the United 1 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I States. The General Manager is NCA's Administrator. The HISTORY AND STATUS OF SOUL CITY PROJECT Board decides whether an offer of commitment should be made to the developer. Soul City, located in Warren County, North Carolina, When the Board makes an offer, HUD issues a letter of is one of 15 active new community developments authorized commitment to the developer providing for a Federal guaran- under title VII of the Housing and Urban Development Act of tee on a specified loan amount, if the developer meets 1970. The maps on pages 4 and 5 show Soul City's location certain conditions. For example, the developer must prepare and its present and proposed boundaries. plans for affording equal housing and employment opportuni- ties, for encouraging small builders to participate, and HISTORY for developing the land. After the developer meets these conditions, HUD and the developer enter into a project The Soul City project was first announced in January agreement. HUD requires the developer to enter into a 1969 by Mr. Floyd B. McKissick, president of Floyd B. trust indenture with a bank which acts as a trustee for the McKissick Enterprises, Inc. proceeds from the sale of the guaranteed obligations. The trust indenture and project agreement set forth the require- A preapplication was submitted to HUD on April 1, 1969. ments and restrictions relating to the federally guaranteed The preapplication process requires the developer to present obligations, the developer's general equity and financial general overall plans for the proposed project. Even though reporting requirements, and the Government's rights and general in nature, the plans must be based on sound urban remedies in case the developer defaults on the obligations. planning and economic feasibility before HUD will invite a formal, and much more extensive, final application. A final application for a $10 million loan guarantee was submitted February 24, 1971. HUD made a thorough review of the Soul City application and approved it in June 1972. HUD engaged an independent consultant to review the studies submitted with the application and to make additional feasibility studies. The consultant recommended that Soul City's loan guarantee be at least $14 million. In June 1972 HUD sent a letter of commitment to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc. (the project sponsor) for a loan guaran- tee of $14 million for Soul City's land acquisition and land development. In February 1974 HUD and The Soul City Company (the project developer) completed the project agreement. The project agreement is a contract between The Soul City Company and HUD that incorporates all the legal, financial, and program arrangements for the new community development, as well as a 30-year development plan. The project agreement had to be completed and signed before any bonds could be sold. The agreement was signed on February 26, 1974. The first bonds ($5 million) were sold on March 6, 1974. The $5 million bond issue must be retired by The Soul City Company. The HUD guarantee assures the lenders that, if The Soul City Company defaults, the Federal Government will pay off the bonds and the accumulated interest due. FORD 2 3 LIBRARY APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I GENERAL LOCATION OF SOUL CITY PRESENT AND PROPOSED BOUNDARIES OF SOUL CITY N 150 MI. RICHMOND @ LYNCHBURG N PETERSBURG 100 MI. SR1234 1234 1=85 50 MI. 1/8" NORFOLK she (IRGINIA 1237 NVIL OXFORD SOUL CITY N. CAROLINA UL HENDERSON . THE @ DURHAM CHAPEL HILL SE ABOARD us ARD RAILROAD 1/158 COASTLINE SR 100 SR 1112 RALEIGH SR 1113 DAB GOLDSBORO 1008 FAYETTEVILLE SR 1100 MOREHEAD CITY N. SR 1114 CAROLINA SOUL CITY PROPOSED WILMINGTON 30YEAR BOUNDARY (5,300 ACRES) PRESENT SOUL CITY PROPERTY (2,100 ACRES) 4 5 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Under the project agreement, HUD does not permit any land sales until after it approves certain land covenants. The Soul City Company sent the final covenants to HUD in October 1974. During our review HUD was reviewing the cove- nants, which prescribe the conditions under which land must be developed and maintained. Until the covenants are approved, The Soul City Company cannot give a clear title to land sold. The approval process for the covenants has taken more time than normal because the covenants initially submitted were unacceptable to HUD. PROJECT STATUS Soul City's development since March 1974, when the first bonds were sold, has consisted of developing a base from which the new community could grow. The photographs on pages 7 and 8 show an aerial view of the project and the temporary housing used by Soul City employees. One major accomplishment at Soul City is the construc- tion of the first industrial building--Soultech I. This building, valued at $1.5 million, is the first permanent structure at Soul City. It is planned that space in Soultech I will be leased to manufacturing industry, to be recruited by The Soul City Company, which will provide jobs to area residents, begin to help meet The Soul City Company's job requirements, and serve as a basis for is Soultech I is on page 9. further economic ventures by area residents. A photograph One of the major developments which will directly benefit the Soul City project is the Kerr Lake regional water system--a 10-million-gallon-a-day system costing $12 million. The system, currently being developed, is to be operative by the summer of 1976. Through the addition of more pumps and another purification system, its capacity can be increased to 20 million gallons or more a day. The regional water system will serve Soul City, Henderson, Oxford, and other communities in Warren, Vance, and Granville Counties in North Carolina. The system not only will provide adequate water for the new community but also will solve water shortages in these neighboring areas and the three counties. The project is financed with Federal remove one obstruction to economic development throughout grants from HUD and the Economic Development Administration, grants from the State of North Carolina, and funds contributed by Henderson, Oxford, and Soul City. AERIAL VIEW OF SOUL CITY SEPTEMBER, 1975 6 7 APPENDIX I FORD LIBRARY GERALD SEPTEMBER 1975 SOULTECH 9 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I SEPTEMBER, 1975 TEMPORARY HOUSING OF SOUL CITY EMPLOYEES 8 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Because of the time required to complete the regional The Soul City Company has a number of other projects water system, Soul City needs an interim water system. The which are in the design phase and which are scheduled to interim water system, using three wells, will supply 200,000 be started in 1975-76. They include storm drains, streets, gallons a day to Soul City until the regional water system and the first residential subdivision. During the coming is completed. Construction of the interim system began on housing construction is planned after HUD's approval to April 21, 1975, and is scheduled to be complete before the year, of the land covenants. The Soul City Company plans The end of 1975. market lots for 84 single-family housing units. also plans to construct 25 rental units under the In 1974 Soul City proposed construction of an interim company section 236 subsidized housing program. As of September sewage treatment plant. In the fall of 1974, the North 1975 HUD was still reviewing the rental unit proposal. Carolina Department of Environmental Management approved the interim plant. However, the treated effluent would go The Village I activity center now being planned will into a tributary of a stream which is impounded by Warenton, include commercial, recreational, and social services North Carolina, for its water supply. Therefore Warrenton facilities. Marketing studies for the commercial aspect officials threatened legal action to halt construction of of this center are underway. Also planned for the center the plant, which could cause a long delay in the development is a community building which will include recreation space, of Soul City. To resolve this conflict, Soul City; Warrenton; meeting rooms, a day-care facility, and social service Norlina, North Carolina; and Warren County have completed offices. Construction of the community center and the first in phase one of an areawide waste water treatment study. The stage of the commercial center is planned to start early study recommends construction of a regional plant at the spring of 1976. Warrenton. The plan for the regional system is scheduled for completion late in the fall of 1975. Soul City plans to construct a pipeline to Warrenton and to use Warrenton's existing facility, instead of constructing a plant to use until the regional system is completed. In April 1975 Soul City began constructing an indus- trial fire protection system in conjunction with construc- tion of a small lake adjoining the Soul City industrial park. This involves damming a stream that runs through the park and constructing a pumping apparatus. In May 1974 a utility company began preliminary design of an underground utilities system for Soul City. The initial bulk feeder design was finalized in December 1974, and the agreement for the construction of the underground bulk feeder along Soul City Boulevard was signed in January 1975. The clearance of the right-of-way was com- pleted in February 1975. The utility company has indicated that construction should start in the fall of 1975. Street lights will be installed at the same time. The North Carolina Department of Transportation is now constructing and/or improving the major roads for Village I (a subdivision of Soul City). Work is scheduled to be completed in the fall of 1975. The department is construc- ting Soul City Boulevard--a new road which is being cut through the planned industrial park on a right-of-way dedi- cated for that purpose and which will be the main artery connecting Soul City with U.S. Route 1--and is widening and paving existing secondary roads to serve increased traffic. 10 11 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I future comprehensive social programs serving Soul City and ORGANIZATIONS AND INTERLOCKING RELATIONSHIPS (2) establish immediate programs to meet the needs of the surrounding area. The foundation has existed mainly on Office of Economic Opportunity grants, with one special In addition to The Soul City Company, the developer of the new town, five other organizations which have received Welfare (HEW) and small amounts of additional moneys from project grant from the Department of Health, Education, and Federal assistance are located at Soul City--the Warren Regional Planning Corporation (WRPC); the Soul City Founda- private foundations and businesses. tion, Inc.; HealthCo, Inc.; the Soul City Utilities Company; Over the past 4 years, the foundation has operated and the Soul City Sanitary District. Other major organiza- summer feeding programs for area youth, summer work-study tions at Soul City are Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc.; McKissick Soul City Associates; and the Madison and McKissick programs, a 1-year program of supplementary education and cultural enrichment for junior high school students, health Development Company, Inc. A photograph of the temporary facilities housing these organizations is on page 15. fairs, and a pilot manpower project. The foundation's major work in the last 18 months has been in (1) planning manpower, THE SOUL CITY COMPANY education, recreation, cultural arts, and general social studies for residents of Soul City and Vance and Warren The Soul City Company was created in Feburary 1974 to Counties and (2) developing the first industrial plant, assume responsibility for developing Soul City. The company Soultech I. is charged with overall responsibility for project coordina- The foundation's plans include (1) locating funding tion and construction. It is a limited partnership organized sources to support Soul City until it becomes a reality, (2) under North Carolina law. As of March 31, 1975, the company had 25 full-time and 2 part-time employees. identifying and planning for future educational, recreational, and social needs, and (3) finding sources of funds to support WARREN REGIONAL PLANNING CORPORATION social activities at Soul City. As of March 31, 1975, the foundation had nine full-time and three part-time employees. WRPC is a nonprofit entity incorporated in December 1969. Its initial functions were to develop a general land- HEALTHCO, INC. use plan for Soul City and to make studies related to the HealthCo was formed in March 1972 to provide health-care development of the new community and its impact on the State planning region. This work was financed through a services to residents of Warren and Vance Counties. Because HUD 701 planning grant in cooperation with the State of of startup problems, the organization did not begin prcvid- North Carolina and the State Planning Region Council of ing health care to patients until August 1974. Operating a Governments. WRPC later received an Office of Minority temporary clinic, 2 doctors, 1 full-time dentist, 2 family- Business Enterprise (OMBE) contract to provide technical nurse practitioners, and 18 other employees now provide assistance in forming The Soul City Company and in develop- medical and dental services to approximately 30 patients a ing various documents and studies necessary to obtaining day. the Federal guarantee for Soul City. Under a new OMBE contract, WRPC is providing technical assistance to Nearly all the patients are rural residents of Vance minority and disadvantaged business persons in Warren and and Warren Counties. In addition, a home health-care pro- five other counties. One aspect of this activity involves gram, sponsored jointly by HealthCo and the foundation, technical assistance to minority construction firms so that provides skilled nursing services to 25 homebound patients they will have a chance to participate in constructing a month in Warren County. projects both at Soul City and throughout the region. As of March 31, 1975, WRPC had 12 employees--11 full-time and SOUL CITY UTILITIES COMPANY 1 part-time. The Soul City Utilities Company is a nonprofit corpora- SOUL CITY FOUNDATION, INC. tion created in June 1973 to construct waste water treat- ment facilities for leasing to the Soul City Sanitary The Soul City Foundation is a tax-exempt public foun- District. The construction is to be financed through a HUD dation established in March 1969 to plan and develop social public facility loan to the utilities company and loans and and human services for residents of Soul City and the grants from The Soul City Company. The utilities company surrounding areas. The foundation's mission is to (1) plan 13 12 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I has one employee who currently is paid by The Soul City Company. As of March 31, 1975, the utilities company had not received any of the $500,000 public facility loan funds. SOUL CITY SANITARY DISTRICT The Soul City Sanitary District is a limited form of local government which will serve Soul City residents at least until the new community is incorporated. Established by the Warren County Board of Commissioners in May 1973, the sanitary district is governed by a three-member board originally appointed by the Warren County Board of Commis- sioners and reelected by Soul City residents in November 1974. The district is authorized under State statutes to VISITOR'S CENTER AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS SOUL CITY COMPANY operate sewage and water treatment plants, handle garbage and solid waste collection and disposal, establish a fire department, levy taxes, and issue bonds to support its operations. The sanitary district will own and operate the water and sewage facilities and fire protection system now being constructed at Soul City. The sanitary district does not have any employees and as of March 31, 1975, had not totaling $704,000. received any funds from its two approved Federal grants WARREN REGIONAL PLANNING CORPORATION FLOYD B. McKISSICK ENTERPRISES, INC. McKissick Enterprises was the initial sponsor of the Soul City project. It contemplates being involved in a broad spectrum of development activities and construction at Soul City. McKissick Enterprises owns all the limited- HEAL THCO HEALTHCO partnership interest in McKissick Soul City Associates and ation also owns several mobile homes, office trailers, is a general partner in The Soul City Company. The corpor- motor vehicles, and other personal property which it leases to other companies in Soul City. TEMPORARY FACILITIES HOUSING SOUL CITY ORGANIZATIONS SEPTEMBER, 1975 MCKISSICK SOUL CITY ASSOCIATES formed for the dual purpose of owning a limited-partnership McKissick Soul City Associates is a limited partnership interest in The Soul City Company and of borrowing funds to contribute as equity in The Soul City Company. MADISON AND McKISSICK DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, INC. Madison and McKissick Development Company, Inc., is a HealthCo to use. corporation organized to design and develop a clinic for SOUL CITY FOUNDATION 14 15 I APPENDIX 16 interlocking relationships as of March 31, 1975. Following is a diagram depicting and a description of organizations. on the board of directors for more than one of the Soul are City Certain key individuals serve as officers and/or INTERLOCKING RELATIONSHIPS I APPENDIX Soul City--Interlocking Officers and board of directors Floyd B. McKissick Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc. I APPENDIX (notes a and b) Floyd B. McKissick, president The Soul City Company Evelyn W. McKissick Floyd B. McKissick, president McKissick Soul City Associates Lewis H. Myers Floyd B. McKissick, partner Madison and McKissick Development Company Gordon R. Carey Dorothy L. Waller, president Warren Regional Planning Corporation T. T. Clayton Floyd B. McKissick, board member 17 Soul City Foundation, Inc. Eva Clayton Eva Clayton, executive director HealthCo, Inc. Charles C. Allen Eva Clayton, board member Soul City Utilities Company Dorothy L. Waller Gordon R. Carey, president (note c) Soul City Sanitary District FORD Evelyn McKissick, chairman of the board a Resigned from HealthCo board on March 26, 1975. b Resigned from Soul City Utilities Company board on May 23, 1975. I APPENDIX C Became treasurer and board member of Soul City Utilities Company on May 23, 1975. APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Floyd B. McKissick (note a) President, The Soul City Company; board GRANTS, CONTRACTS, AGREEMENTS, LOAN, AND LOAN GUARANTEE member (note b), Warren Regional Planning Corporation; board member, Soul City As of March 31, 1975, 27 Federal grants, contracts, and Foundation, Inc.; president and board agreements; 1 loan, and 1 loan guarantee, totaling member, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises. $19,175,000, had been reserved or set aside for six organiza- Inc.; board member, Madison and tions at Soul City. Of this amount, $10,175,000 had been McKissick Development Company; general awarded and $4,665,000 had been spent. partner, McKissick Soul City Associates Evelyn McKissick District Chairman of board, Soul City Sanitary Amount reserved Federal funds or set aside Amount awarded Amount spent Lewis H. Myers Board member, Soul City Sanitary District; Loan guarantee $14,000,000 $ 5,000,000 $1,921,721 Inc. assistant director, Soul City Foundation, Grants 3,601,452 3,601,452 1,781,267 Agreements 208,605 208,605 208,605 864,640 864,640 753,531 Gordon R. Carey Contracts Vice president-secretary treasurer, The Loan 500,000 - 500,000 Soul City Company; president and board member, Soul City Utilities Company; Total $19,174,697 $10,174,697 $4,665,124 board member, Soul City Foundation, Inc.; vice president and board member, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc.; board The following tables present details of Federal funding member, Madison and McKissick Development for each organization. Company; general partner, McKissick Soul City Associates T. T. Clayton Vice president and board member, Soul City Utilities Company; board member, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc.; board member, Madison and McKissick Development Company; general partner, McKissick Soul City Associates Eva Clayton Board member, HealthCo, Inc.; executive director, Soul City Foundation, Inc. Charles C. Allen Vice president and general manager, The Soul City Company; board member, Warren Regional Planning Corporation Dorothy L. Waller Treasurer and board member, Soul City Utilities Company; secretary and board member, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc.; president and board member, Madison and McKissick Development Company ᵃUntil May 23, 1975, was also president and board member of Soul City Utilities Company. bResigned as chairman of board on April 10, 1975. 18 19 The Soul City Company I APPRENDX Status of funds as of March 31, 1975 (note a) Government agency Date Awarded Spent Purpose HUD--New Communities 2/26/74 ᵇ$14,000,000 $1,921,721 Loan guarantee for land Administration acquisition and development. aAs of August 7, 1975, the following proposals had been submitted to, but not approved by, the grantor. 20 Request for grant funds totaling $4,033,612 from HUD's New Communities Administration for various purposes, such as parks and recreation. -Request for grant funds totaling $28,032 from the Department of Transporta- tion's Urban Mass Transportation Administration for a mass transit study. --An affiliate of The Soul City Company has applied to HUD for a mortgage insurance commitment for 25 units of subsidized housing (section 236). bAs of March 31, 1975, The Soul City Company had been authorized to issue only $5 million of debentures. The $5 million of debentures were issued March 6, 1974. I APPENDIX Warren Regional Planning Corporation APPENDIX I Status of funds as of March 31, 1975 (note a) Government agency Date Awarded Spent Purpose $ 112,605 $112,605 Agreement for planning HUD, through the State 9/28/70 Soul City. of North Carolina 12/31/70 HUD, through the State 3/10/72 96,000 96,000 Agreement for comprehen- sive planning of Soul City of North Carolina and five surrounding counties. Department of Commerce, 5/26/72 531,500 531,164 Contract to plan, promote, and develop an industrial 21 OMBE program for Soul City. 6/29/74 333,140 222,367 Contract to increase the OMBE number of minority businesses and strengthen existing minority businesses in Soul City and surrounding counties. $1,073,245 $962,136 Total aon 1975, during our review at Soul City, OMBE awarded dated a contract June 29, for $320,000. July 30, This contract is to be a follow-on to the contract 1974. I APPPENDX Soul City Foundation, Inc. Status of funds as of March 31, 1975 Government agency (notes a and b) Date Awarded Spent Purpose I APPENDIX Department of Agriculture, 1970-72 $ through the Economic (c) $ (c) Grant for feeder enrich- Development Corporation ment program during the summer of each year. Department of Labor, 1971-74 (d) Neighborhood Youth (d) Grant for summer employ- Corps, through Henderson ment during each year. community action program Office of Economic 6/14/71 98,934 Opportunity (OEO), 98,934 Grant to plan and develop 22 Office of Health Affairs comprehensive health program. OEO, Office of Program 12/11/72 90,000 Development 90,000 Grant for social- planning project. OEO, Office of Program 5/ 9/73 502,875 Development 502,875 Grant for economic development demonstra- tion project. OEO, Office of Program 6/13/74 66,000 Development 66,000 Grant to continue economic development ment demonstration project. OEO, community develop- 10/ 3/74 93,000 ment (subcontracted with 55,000 Grant for economic Franklin, Vance, Warren development and Opportunity, Inc.) social-planning project. I APPENDIX Government agency Date Awarded Spent Purpose National Endowment for 4/30/73 12,500 12,500 Grant to support planning the Arts (NEA) for a cultural arts program at Soul City. I APPENDIX NEA 11/15/74 9,620 4,246 Grant to support planning for a cultural arts program at Soul City. HEW, Office of Education 6/22/73 98,220 98,220 Grant to establish learning laboratory. Department of Labor, 9/ 1/74 34,392 11,441 Grant for outreaching through State of recruitment placement North Carolina program. 23 Total $1,005,541 $939,216 ᵃDuring our review at Soul City, the Community Services Administration awarded a grant for $42,356. This grant is to close out the economic development and social planning grant. In addition, HEW's Administration on the Aging, through Kerr Tar Regional Council of Governments, awarded a grant for $12,756 on August 7, 1975. This grant is for an outreach information referral program. ᵇAs of August 7, 1975, a request for grant funds totaling $53.005 from NEA for a cultural arts program had been submitted to, but not approved by, the grantor. ᶜThe following number of children were fed under the feeder enrichment program: 1970, 100; 1971, 121; and 1972, 126. Dollar amounts not readily available. ᵈThe following number of youths were employed by the Henderson community action program and worked at Soul City: 1971, 27; 1972, 17; 1973, 12; and 1974, 45. I APPENDIX Dollar amounts not readily available. HealthCo. Inc. Status of funds as of March 31, 1975 Government agency Date Awarded Spent Purpose I APPENDIX OEO, Office of Health 6/ 5/72 $1,097.457 $822,816 Affairs Grant to establish a com- prehensive health-care center (ambulatory) for Warren and Vance Counties. HEW, Public Health 1/16/74 277,206 - Service Grant to develop a compre- hensive ambulatory health- care center for Warren and Vance Counties. HEW, Public Health 1/21/75 492,183 Service Continuation of the above 24 grant. HEW, through the 12/13/73 13,775 13,156 Governor's Council Grant to provide home on the Aging, North health care. Carolina Department of Human Resources HEW, through the 6/14/74 11,290 6,079 Governor's Council Grant to provide home on the Aging, North health care. Carolina Department of Human Resources Total $1,891,911 $842.051 I APPRENDIX I APPPENDIX Soul City Sanitary District Status of funds as of March 31, 1975 Date Awarded Spent Purpose Government agency $500,000 Interim water and sewer grant. 9/17/73 I HUD, Community Planning and Development HUD, NCA 9/28/73 204,000 I Same as above. I $704,000 - Total 25 I APPENDIX APPENDIX I Soul City Utilities Company Government agency Date Awarded Status of Spent funds as of March 31, 1975 Purpose HUD, Community Planning and Development 9/28/73 $500,000 - Public facility loan for interim water and sewer. 26 APPENDIX I 1 agreements, and grants follows. APPENDIX I 27 Communication, Inc. Information on these 11 contracts. city of Henderson, Warren County, and Eden Advertising and and grants were awarded to the State of North Carolina, the benefited the Soul City project. The contracts, agreements, been awarded as of March 31, 1975, that fully or partially at Soul City, 11 other contracts, agreements, and grants had loan; and 1 loan guarantee awarded to the 6 organizations In addition to the 27 grants, contracts, and agreements; APPENDIX I Government agency Date Administered by Awarded Purpose HUD, Community 9/28/70 North Carolina $ 132,996 Planning and 12/31/70 Agreement for planning Soul City Department of Development and regional planning. Administration APPENDIX I HUD, Community 3/27/72 North Carolina 78,726 Planning and Agreement for comprehensive Department of Development planning of Soul City and five Administration surrounding counties. HUD, Community 10/ 2/73 City of Henderson 3,522,950 Planning and Basic water grant for regional Development water system. HUD, NCA 10/ 2/73 City of Henderson 500,000 Grant for regional water system. HUD, NCA 6/29/73 North Carolina 65,000 Grant for road construction. 28 Department of Transportation and Highway Safety Department of 6/--/73 City of Henderson 2,140,000 Commerce, Grant for regional water system. Economic Development Administration Department of 6/11/73 North Carolina ᵃ31,500 Transportation, Grant for road construction. Department of Federal Highway Transportation Administration and Highway (FHWA) Safety APPENDIX I of Government agency Date Administered by Awarded Purpose North Carolina 236,785 Grant for road construction. FHWA 6/11/73 Department of APPENDIX I Transportation and Highway Safety 67,268 Grant for road construction. FHWA 6/11/73 North Carolina Department of Transportation and Highway Safety 3/ 4/75 Warren County b15,000 Grant for need assessment of waste Environmental water collection and treatment Protection requirements for Soul City, Agency Warrenton, and Norlina. 29 12/20/74 Eden Advertising 121,661 Contract for publicity of Soul OMBE and Communica- City. tions, Inc. $6,911,886 Total aOn April 30, 1975, this project was withdrawn and the grant was terminated. bon July 18, 1975, the State of North Carolina and Warren County each contributed $2,500 to the project. APPENDIX I Soul City. I APPENDIX 30 have also been awarded that will benefit the development of As shown by the following table, State and local funds I APPPENDIX Government agency Date Administered by Awarded Purpose State of North 9/28/70 WRPC $ 37,535 Agreement for planning Soul City. Carolina 12/31/70 I APPPENDX State of North 9/28/70 State of North 56,890 Agreement for planning Soul City Carolina 12/31/70 Carolina and the surrounding region. State of North 3/10/72 WRPC 32,000 Agreement for comprehensive Carolina planning of Soul City and five surrounding counties. State of North 3/10/72 State of North 22,076 Agreement for comprehensive Carolina Carolina planning of Soul City and five surrounding counties. State of North 6/ 1/72 State of North 4,080 Grant for road construction. Carolina Carolina 31 State of North 6/ 8/73 State of North 74,000 Grant for road construction. Carolina Carolina State of North 6/11/73 State of North 13,500 Grant for road construction. Carolina Carolina State of North 6/11/73 State of North 66,986 Grant for road construction. Carolina Carolina State of North 6/11/73 State of North 25,278 Grant for road construction. Carolina Carolina State of North 7/ 1/73 Soul City 5,000 Grant to plan continuous arts Carolina Foundation, Inc. workshop program. I APPENDIX APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I ALLEGATIONS RELATING TO THE SOUL CITY PROJECT Grant for regional water system. In accordance with agreements reached with your office, Grant for Henderson's share of we examined various allegations relating to preferential treatment in providing Federal assistance, to interlocking Purpose regional water system. Grant for Oxford's share of regional water system. Grant for Soul City's share of directorships and nepotism, and to the lack of progress and regional water system. poor management practices. PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT IN PROVIDING FEDERAL ASSISTANCE We wanted to learn whether the Federal agencies had followed their normal procedures in awarding and monitoring the grants, contracts, loan, and loan guarantee to Soul City organizations, and if not, the reasons for any deviation. Except as noted below, the various agencies had followed their normal review, approval, and monitoring procedures. Awarded 2,795,000 2,535,021 986,191 103,120 $6,756,677 The Office of Minority Business Enterprise had not established contract review, approval, and monitoring procedures at the time it awarded a letter contract to WRPC. The Community Services Administration (CSA) approved and funded two grants before the grants had progressed Administered by City of Henderson City of Henderson City of Henderson City of Henderson through the normal review and approval process. HUD imposed certain restrictions on the Soul City developer which were not imposed on other new commu- nity developers, but other restrictions normally imposed on other developers were relaxed for the Soul City developer. As a result of the restrictions, the amount of debentures that the developer could issue was limited until certain conditions were met. However, the relaxed restrictions could allow the Date 10/ 2/73 10/ 2/73 10/ 2/73 11/20/74 developer to have a higher-than-normal debt-to-equity ratio and to draw down a larger amount of the funds CE from the escrow account. HUD approved and awarded basic water grants and a public facility loan to the Soul City Sanitary Government agency State of North City of Henderson Soul City District Sanitary District, Soul City Utilities Company, and Henderson after the Secretary of HUD announced the termination City of Oxford of the grant and loan programs. Carolina Total The agencies--CMBE, CSA, the Office of Education (OE) and NEA--relied heavily on self-evaluations by the grantees and contractors without verifying the data. Moreover, OMBE used this data as a basis for awarding a follow-on contract. 32 33 FORD VIBRARY APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I and the a Federal loan agencies which awarded grants, contracts, a loan, at The following summarizes the results of our review regional office's final evaluation of WRPC's performance guarantee to Soul City organizations. during the contract period January 1974 through March 1975 stated that the contractor had greatly exceeded its pro- Department of Commerce--Office of jected goals, according to WRPC's records. OMBE did not Minority Business Enterprise verify the information WRPC submitted, and in actuality, WRPC did not exceed the projected procurement goals, as moting, WRPC from February 1972 to July 1975 for (1) planning, to OMBE awarded three contracts totaling $1,184,640 shown below. (2) and developing an industrial program for Soul City, pro- Actual Projected goals $14 million assisting Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises in a Category Number Amount Number Amount the federally guaranteed loan, and (3) closing minority number of minority businesses and strengthening increasing existing Loans approved counties. businesses in Soul City and the surrounding six (note a) 10 $13,800,000 11 $3,800,000 Procurements secured (note b) 2 135,000 5 1,800,000 procedures Review, approval, and monitoring Clients assisted 180 - 27 - a Loans which WRPC arranged for clients. and February 1972, OMBE followed its normal review, awarded Except for the letter contract for $190,000 in b Contracts which WPRC helped clients obtain. told monitoring procedures. OMBE headquarters approval, for OMBE us that the Congress first appropriated officials Most of WRPC's accomplishments were centered around 17 proposals, in January 1972. At that time OMBE was program funds Soul City activities rather than activities in the six-county said that 1 of which was a WRPC proposal. The considering officials area described in its contract. For example, from May 1973 the Secretary of Commerce wanted to obligate the through March 1975 WRPC reportedly helped clients obtain program funds before the end of the fiscal year. financing totaling about $31.7 million, of which $19.6 million, or about 60 percent, was directly related to Soul OMBE relied primarily on periodic progress City activities. Before approving the recommendation for toring contractor the submitted and OMBE's evaluation reports reports for the refunding, the Regional Director suggested that the region also contractor's performance. These moni- send a letter to WRPC expressing the region's concern about the were the basis for OMBE's decision to refund monitoring tools to the limited activity outside the Soul City area and that contractor. Between October 1973, when moneys continued support of the project depended on WRPC's services employees monitoring responsibilities, and May 31, 1975, they OMBE assumed regional and activities in the six-county area. According to an OMBE review had made only one onsite review at WRPC. project specialist, the region did not send the letter but matters consisted of completing a pro forma checklist The such did discuss the matter with WRPC officials. ment, (3) as (1) financial management, (2) personnel on ance. The administrative matters, and (4) program perform- manage- In commenting on the region's recommendations for dealt program performance section of the refunding, the Director, OMBE, said that: meeting whether the contractor had a time-phased output to funding, primarily with the contractor's ratio of checklist The information in the evaluation report showed that had the contract objectives, and whether the plan for WRPC had fallen far short of achieving procurement was that carried the out the required work. The reviewer's contractor goals. ratio, the ratio of output to funding exceeded the response the contractor had submitted a time-phased plan, minimum and --WRPC's major accomplishments included loaning over contractor was carrying out the required work. $1.2 million to corporations owned by Floyd McKissick. This raised questions concerning the possible inbred Information in the onsite evaluation and nature of WRPC's activities. contract used for recommending the approval of a 2-year office reports the contractor submitted was the basis progress the regional Nevertheless, the Director signed the refunding request. for $320,000 for WRPC to continue its work. The 34 35 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Audits of OMBE contracts with WRPC audits audits a certified public accountant (CPA) made made three The and Department of Commerce, Office of Audits, four The to certification of the financial statements. audits pertained of the three contracts. One of the CPA's support other for six audits questioned costs because (1) Questioned costs unresolved at May 31, 1975 I $65,266 I I I I I not been expenditures was lacking, (2) expenditures adequate award, (3) costs had been incurred before the sions, made in accordance with contract terms and provi- had with OMBE and (4) expenditures had not been made contract in accordance cost principles. We confirmed the lack and following the table shows the costs questioned during the The audits support for many of WRPC's payments. (See p. 81.) of status of those costs at May 31, 1975. Costs questioned $15,042 a65,266 I (b) C34,998 27,070 38,668 318,278 Audits of Contracts Awarded to WRPC Costs reviewed $190,000 194,418 495,821 (b) 65,266 356,910 Contract-proposal Proposal for 2-35590 2-35590 2-35590 2-35590 2-35590 Proposal for 4-36550 Proposal for 5-36579 Date 5/16/72 8/31/73 9/17/74 9/17/74 1/30/75 1/29/74 3/20/75 Audit by Department of Commerce Department of Commerce N. T. Garrett, CPA N. T. Garrett, CPA N. T. Garrett, CPA Department of Commerce Department of Commerce a ᵃInterim cost audit. b ᵇAudit pertained to certification of financial statements. cFollowup audit to resolve costs questioned by Department of Commerce during its audit of August 31, 1973. 36 37 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I The Regional Manager, Office of Audits, told us that, Grant number Grant period Amount Purpose when the CPA made the final audit on contract 2-35590 in September 1974, he did not have a copy of the August 1973 40475/CG4815 7/ 1/71 to $ 98,934 Comprehensive health audit by the Office of Audits. Because of the amount of 6/30/72 services. costs the Office of Audits questioned and because the CPA's audit of the same contract had not questioned any costs, 40168-E-72 7/ 1/72 to 1,097,457 Comprehensive health the CPA was asked to make a followup audit. In January (note a) 12/31/73 services. 1975 the CPA made the followup audit and, in his opinion, resolved $30,268 of the $65,266 of costs questioned. The 40475-G-73-01 2/14/73 to 90,000 Social planning. Regional Manager said that a final determination on the 2/13/74 $65,266 of questioned costs would be made when the Office of Audits made its final audit on contract 4-36550 after the 40475-F-73-01 5/ 1/73 to 502,875 Economic development completion of our review. 4/30/74 demonstration project. The Regional Manager also said that the Office of 40475-F-74-01 5/ 1/74 to 66,000 Amendment to grant Audits knew about $34,000 additional costs that had been (note b) 9/30/74 40475-F-73-01. charged to contract 2-35590 after the end of the contract period on December 31, 1973. According to the Regional 40644-03 7/ 1/74 to 93,000 Community develop- Manager, those costs were not allowable and would be (note c) 6/30/75 ment social planning questioned during the final audit. project. Office of Economic Opportunity-- 40644-08 7/ 1/75 50,000 Closeout. Community Services Administration (note c) CSA was established in January 1975 and assumed respon- Total $1,998,266 sibility for community action, economic development, and other programs formerly administered by OEO. Therefore, in ᵃGrant administration transferred to the Public Health our discussion of grants CSA and OEO awarded, we have Service (PHS), HEW, in July 1973. treated the activities pertaining to these grants as though they had been carried out by one agency, i.e., CSA, the Not considered as a separate grant. successor agency to OEO. CGrants awarded by CSA regional office. All other grants CSA awarded six grants totaling $1,998.266 to Soul were awarded by CSA headquarters. City Foundation and HealthCo between July 1, 1971, to July 1, 1975, as shown below: The grants were awarded for: --Planning for and carrying out a health-care delivery system for the poor people of Warren and Vance Counties. --Developing a process for mobilizing Federal and private resources for social planning so as to stem the migration of poor, rural people to larger cities. --Constructing an industrial facility (Soultech I) and developing plans for future projects. 38 39 APPENDIX I procedures Review, approval, and monitoring APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I CSA regional officials told us that the review process according approval 40644-03--were Of the to six not and and consisted only of determining whether the proposed activities were of the type that could be funded with regional program funds. The regional office agreed to fund the proposal, 40475-G-73-01, mine whether the normal three procedures. other We were not able was processed to deter- even though the proposed activities were in the nature of research and demonstration and were not normally funded at approved according and to 40168-E-72--had normal been reviewed 4815, and the regional level, because: available longer responsible employed for for us by reviewing to CSA trace and the and not procedures procedures approving enough documentation the because followed. grants the were was employees no CSA thought that the grant would complete the research and demonstration work and that a viable operating program would emerge. for determining CSA's normal whether: review and approval procedures provided --The emphasis in CSA at that time was to award grants at the regional level rather than at the headquarters level. purposes, The grant and proposal goals. conforms with CSA guidelines, The community action agency in the Soul City area was of the opinion that the proposed activities the The program prospective activities. grantee is capable of carrying out would complement its activities. It therefore agreed to act as the grantee and to enter into a delegate agency agreement with the Soul City Foundation for trends The grant of the objectives area are compatible with carrying out the grant activities. has the support of the and local whether community. the prospective socioeconomic grantee CSA's monitoring of a grantee's performance consists primarily of reviewing periodic progress reports the grantee ities The grant of the activities local community are compatible action agency. with the activ- submits and visiting the site. The progress reports generally discuss the grantee's achievements and plans for meeting grant objectives. CSA officials gave us two site- reviewed development According and grant to a 40475-F-73-01 CSA headquarters for official, economic visit reports related to the economic development demonstra- tion grant. These reports discussed (1) background informa- said that the approved former CSA according to normal $502.875 was not He tion on the Soul City project, (2) attendance at a Soul proposal be director had procedures. City Foundation board meeting, (3) extension of the grant had not progressed approved and funded even though directed the that the because of a slow startup, and (4) progress being made on As a result through the review proposal Soultech I. the whether the the review process was limited and approval to determining process. Regional officials said that the Franklin-Vance-Warren funded proposed under OEO act. nature was in that order could and whether be Community Action Agency was responsible for monitoring the performance of the grant awarded by the region and that the only monitoring of the Soul City Foundation by CSA proposal normal 40644-03 CSA procedures. to had regional CSA not been office The reviewed Soul officials City and Foundation approved told us that according grant to would be through its monitoring of the community action agency's performance. tion. to the Atlanta regional headquarters office which, in turn, referred submitted it the Regional employees have made two site visits to the community action agency to discuss matters related to the review process, However, before the regional for review office and recommenda- Soul City Foundation. They discussed the release of grant proposal. allotment was being CSA headquarters increased by $93,000 told the to region completed fund the that its its funds, advance approval of expenditures for consultants and other contractual services, advance approval for filling certain positions, and intenance of grant funds in a separate bank account. Regional employees also met with the staff of Soul City Foundation to see if they had any questions or problems. 40 41 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Audits of grants APPENDIX I OE monitors the grantee's performance by reviewing the Soul CPAS City made Foundation. five audits Four of CSA headquarters grants to periodic progress reports, fiscal reports, and minutes of advisory committee meetings the grantee submits and by financial surveys of statements. the accounting system of and the audits related to having OE employees make onsite reviews. on the fifth audit on the Costs basis totaling certification $7,065 were questioned of the During the grant period, OE program officers made four 1975, budgeted the line questioned items made costs without had been of CSA's expenditures resolved. approval. in At excess July 1, of onsite reviews. These reviews consisted primarily of com- pleting a pro forma review sheet through interviews with the grantee's staff. However, the OE program officer did note certain problems which could affect the success of the pro- of region. No audits An audit have is been made of the 6 grant months awarded after by the the end gram: school officials were reluctant to allow the grantee to carry out activities in the schools and parents were $ 1915,000 tor accounting auditing the services. grantee generally negative toward the program. The program officer has said that program emphasis seemed to be on "what can the project do for Soul City rather than what can Soul City do and for the success of the project." The OE program officer assessed the grantee's perform- grant tion OE for was awarded the for period a a grant July of 1, $98,220 to to the Soul City Founda- ance as average, considering the opposition expressed by school district officials and the lack of parent participa- which youths and a create in the and past poor educa- white tional and a 1974. The tion in program activities. teachers it would be easier for students schools an atmosphere The final evaluation report, which the grantee prepared in and which incorporated the results of an evaluation by a to teach. The program design to consisted achieve of: and consultant, noted that certain program activities had not --A academic systematic areas: remedial instruction program in three been carried out, other program activities had been altered, and program emphasis had shifted from academic instruction writing, and (1) basic studies in to cultural enrichment activities. Further, as a result of selected and (3) economics verbal for communications, 100 low achievers (2) reading, mathematics, these changes, program implementation was delayed from July 1, to October 1, 1973. from junior high schools in Warren to be County. --A enrichment broad program for cultural and Audits of grant program and activities for high school for students students. intellectual in the academic OE rules and regulations governing the grant award require that the grantee audit all grant expenditures operate received In the May a grant 1974 extension the grantee through requested August and in June 1974 it usually on an annual basis but no less frequently than every 2 years. As of November 1975 the grant had not been audited even though grant funds were budgeted for auditing and ences between program the through the summer. The 31, 1974, to accounting services and over 2 years had passed since the (1) a reduction in initial the and the revised main differ- grant award. The grantee's final expenditure report showed mentation number of participants, program were: that all grant funds had been spent. tion of summer of a recreation summer feeding program. program, and (3) implementa- (2) imple- Department of Health, Education, and procedures Review, approval, and monitoring Welfare--Public Health Service In July 1973 PHS assumed responsibility for administer- submitted approving OE followed and the grant for its proposal normal procedures the Soul for reviewing and ing a grant OEO awarded under the comprehensive health services program. The grant of $1,097.457 was awarded to HealthCo for the program period July 1, 1972, to December 31 the grant period. monitoring the grantee City performance Foundation during 1973. Under the grant, HealthCo proposed the following program objectives. 42 43 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Form a medical group or partnership and develop an of the program which were ambiguous and for the most adequate ambulatory health-care facility. part nonexistent. --Initiate delivery of health-care services to an --It was high time that HealthCo seriously considered enrolled-patient population. divorcing itself from the Soul City Foundation and McKissick Enterprises and got on with the business --Initiate and negotiate a contract with the State of at hand. If that could not be done physically, then North Carolina under its title XIX program (Medicaid) it should be done programmatically. to prepay, on a capitation basis, for services provided to Medicaid eligibles. The financial base, number of patients treated, and those projected did not indicate sufficient need nor -Carry out an appropriate health information and warrant an expenditure for a permanent facility at cost-accounting system that would generate nationally that stage of the program. comparable data on service utilization and per unit cost of service. PHS decided to fund the grant proposal because it believed the grantee would overcome certain startup problems --Develop a procedure to evaluate the effectiveness and and would achieve the objectives of the first grant. to assess the cost benefit of using family-nurse practitioners within a health-care program. PHS monitors grantee performance by reviewing periodic progress reports the grantee submits, by having PHS program The grant also provided for constructing a permanent officials make site visits, and by correspondence with the health-care facility estimated to cost $500,000 and to con- grantee. tain about 16,000 square feet of space. Grant funds of $250,0 were earmarked for constructing the facility; the During the period August 1973 to May 1975, PHS made 13 remaining $250,000 was to be raised by the grantee. site visits to HealthCo to (1) discuss and review program operations and fiscal matters, (2) discuss HEW audit find- Since assuming responsibility for administering the ings, (3) attend board of directors meetings, (4) discuss grant, PHS has awarded two additional grants totaling grant terms and conditions, and (5) discuss and review the $769,389 to HealthCo for the period January 1974 through grantee's proposal for refunding. Additionally, the grant December 1975. files contained numerous pieces of correspondence and memorandums of telephone calls between PHS and HealthCo As of May 31, 1975, HealthCo had not drawn down any concerning many of the same issues covered during the funds from the two grants PHS awarded. The grantee was onsite visits. still spending the first grant OEO awarded. PHS officials assessed HealthCo's performance under Review, approval, and monitoring the grants as poor, considering the amount of money spent-- procedures about $760,000 as of December 31, 1974--and the length of time the organization has been in existence about 30 months. PHS followed its normal grant review and approval pro- The official attributed HealthCo's poor performance to: cedures in awarding the grants to HealthCo. However, PHS employees who reviewed the grant proposals expressed concern --The lack of clearly defined program goals and about (1) the lack of clearly defined program objectives in objectives. the OEO grants, (2) the lack of action on the part of HealthCo to provide health services to the people of Warren Ineffective management. and Vance Counties, and (3) the influence Mr. McKissick exerted on HealthCo's operations. The PHS reviewer's The chief of the PHS Operations Branch said that a concern is illustrated by his comments that: grantee is expected to begin providing health-care services within 18 months after initial funding. HealthCo did not --It appeared that the level of funding for the begin such services until about 25 months after initial project did not coincide in any way with what had funding. been or should have been the goals and objectives 44 45 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I situation and (2) the above matters had become public The Regional Health Administrator told us that one problem had been the grantee's attitude. He said that, as knowledge and the residents of the area were alarmed. As a result the staff feared that utilization of HealthCo's with many of the grants transferred from OEO to PHS, the emphasis seemed to be on employing people rather than on clinic would suffer. achievements. He said that another problem was that, because the program goals and objectives were stated in In August 1974, when it opened, the HealthCo clinic broad, general terms, the grantee could do about anything treated an average of seven patients a day. This same work- and, technically, meet the terms and conditions of the load level prevailed through December 1974. By May 1975 the clinic was treating 31 patients a day, and the workload grant. remained at that level through August 1975. In August 1975, The regional administrator also said that the lack of with such a patient load, the patient-visit cost was about continuity of employees in key positions and Mr. McKissick's $44, after deducting fees collected from patients and influence on HealthCo's operations adversely affected manage- third-party payments. This cost resulted from the clinic's ment's capability to perform effectively. Since July 1, staffing level, which consisted of 2 full-time physicians, 1 full-time dentist, 2 family-nurse practioners, and 18 1972, there have been numerous personnel changes in such key positions as the executive director, clinic director, and other employees on support and administrative jobs. staff dentist. Regarding Mr. McKissick's influence on HealthCo's operations, the Chief, Operations Branch, told us Audits of grants that Mr. McKissick's efforts seemed to be directed toward insuring the success of Soul City rather than seeing to it A CPA firm made two audits of the grants OEO and PHS awarded. The two audits covered the grant periods of July 1, that HealthCo became a workable activity. As an example of this interference, he referred to a letter dated July 21, 1972, to December 31, 1973, and January to December 31, 1974, from Mr. McKissick to the then executive director in 1974, respectively. In addition, late in 1974 HEW made a which Mr. McKissick expressed his concerns over the survey of the budget, financial, procurement, property, and executive director's failure to: personnel systems the grantee used in administering the first grant. The costs questioned by the CPA firm and --Use the services of an insurance company which com- HEW related to (1) improper control over travel advances mitted $750,000 to the Soul City Foundation for and expenses paid to employees, (2) salaries and wages in building Soultech I and which had a representative excess of budgeted amounts, and (3) penalty and interest on the board of directors of Floyd B. McKissick payments to the Internal Revenue Service for late payment Enterprises, Inc. Additionally, the insurance of taxes in 1973 and 1974. The following table shows the company had an interlocking board with a bank which costs questioned during the audits and the status of these was a financial backer of Soul City. costs at July 1, 1975. -Purchase vehicles from dealers that were friendly to Soul City. -Employ, as promised, the wife of the general manager of The Soul City Company. We noted that in August 1974 the HealthCo staff expressed concern to PHS about the ability of HealthCo to fulfill its responsibility of providing health-care services to residents of Warren and Vance Counties because of how the program was being operated and the self-serving interest of certain individuals. According to the staff, these issues threatened the program in several ways: (1) there were clearly identifiable areas of conflicting interests in the two-county area and the staff was demoralized over the GERALD FORD VIBRARY 47 46 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I The CPA firm and HEW said that the cash on hand was excess to then-current needs. The situation developed when HEW authorized the grantee to draw down all remaining grant Questioned costs funds under the initial grant. In December 1973 the grantee unresolved at July 1, 1975 drew down $802,457, of which $44,968 was to cover obliga- $ I I c992 tions incurred under the grant and $757,489 was unobligated. The grant funds were deposited in non-interest-bearing accounts. The CPA firm, in its audit report dated August 15, 1974, recommended that the grantee use all the excess cash on hand before drawing down any grant funds from later grants. A HEW audit report dated November 26, Costs questioned 1,685 2,496 the CTravel expenses incurred for relocating medical director from Jamaica to Soul City. PHS disallowed 1974, recommended that the grantee refund all excess cash costs from Jamaica to Miami, Florida--the port of entry. The medical director appealed PHS's on hand. In February 1975 the grantee responded to the $6,249 CPA's report and said that, for the most part, funds remain- ing from the drawdown had been deposited in interest-bearing accounts and that the interest earned on the accounts would be paid into the U.S. Treasury. A PHS official told us that the grantee deposited about $240,000 in interest-bearing accounts in January 1975--about 1 year after the grant funds were drawn down. Audits of Grants to HealthCo, Inc. Costs reviewed $339,968 (b) 441,926 National Endowment for the Arts NEA awarded two grants, totaling $22.120 to the Soul City Foundation between January 1973 and July 1974. Under these grants the foundation proposed to plan and develop Grant with specific proposals and recommendations on which agen- ᵃ40168-E-72 04-H-000817-01-0 04-H-000817-01-0 a long-range cultural arts program for Soul City, including (1) preparing a general cultural arts program for Soul City Date of decision, and at July 1, 1975, the appeal was pending. cies and foundations could be approached for funds and (2) providing professional assistance and technical expertise to the existing cultural programs at Soul City, that is, the dance and drama groups. In addition, the long-range plan would consider the (1) types of programs which the new community and surrounding area could support, (2) type of publicity and educational program needed, (3) type of report 8/15/75 11/26/74 2/21/75 program needed for identifying and nurturing local talent, (4) potential resources to support planned programs, (5) development of a resident theatrical group and choir, (6) implementation of art workshops, (7) establishment of an annual art festival, and (8) plans for permanent facilities and their time schedules. Audit by Wolf & Company, CPA Wolf & Company, CPA Review, approval, and monitoring ᵃAwarded by OEO. procedures bNot shown. NEA followed its normal procedures for reviewing and approving the grants awarded to the Soul City Foundation. HEW 48 49 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I NEA normal monitoring procedures consist primarily of Special restrictive conditions imposed reviewing financial and progress reports the grantee submits on the Soul City developer and making site visits to provide technical assistance to the grantee and to insure that grant funds are being spent NCA realized, early in the application stage, that for grant-related purposes. As of July 1975 NEA had not there was considerable risk inherent in developing Soul City made any site visits to the Soul City Foundation. because it was the first freestanding community and that there was no established industrial base in the vicinity NEA's evaluation of a grantee's performance is based from which it could attract growth. The Administration on final financial and evaluative reports the grantee sub- also recognized the inherent risks of the Soul City project, mits at the end of the grant period. NEA reviewed and as evidenced by the following memorandum from the White approved the reports for the first grant and noted no House dated June 21, 1973, to the Under Secretary of HUD problem areas. The reports for the second grant were not concerning the Soul City project. period. due until October 1975-90 days after the end of the grant * * the whole New Communities program is and was expected to be an experimental venture with Audit of grants inherent risks. We should not now argue that because one of these new communities is NEA has not audited its grants to the Soul City Founda- 'marginal', it should be scrubbed. Unless we tion. NEA officials told us that, because of its small go ahead with this, how are we ever going to audit staff, NEA did not attempt to audit every grant. They find out whether a new town, beginning from said that they selected for audit only those grants with scratch in an entirely rural area, can be made large dollar amounts or those which had received adverse to succeed? publicity. The official further said that, although the grantee had received some adverse publicity, none of it was If we now say 'no' to McKissick, we will stand related to the NEA grants, and NEA did not plan to audit accused not only of reneging on specific commit- the grants. ments to him, but of reneging on the President's commitment to the whole minority enterprise Department of Housing and Urban concept. However unfair or inaccurate those Development--ne communities loan accusations may be in a narrow sense, in the guarantee broader context they will be persuasive to the public and damaging to all of us on the domestic In 1969 the Soul City developer applied to NCA to have side of the Administration. it guarantee a loan for development of Soul City. In 1974 NCA executed a project agreement with the developer. The "We should give Soul City the green light and project agreement provided that the developer could issue inform the interested agencies that we have up to $14 million of debentures which the Government would done so ***. guarantee. As discussed later, the developer could issue only $5 million of debentures intially with later issues As a result of the recognized risks, NCA imposed cer- contingent upon the developer's accomplishing certain tain special restrictive conditions on the developer. For requirements specified in the project agreement. example, the loan guarantee for Soul City was established at $14 million, but the developer was authorized to issue Review, approval, and monitoring only $5 million of debentures initially. Before additional procedures debentures could be issued, the developer was required to submit evidence that (1) there actually was primary employ- NCA followed its normal procedures in reviewing and ment at Soul City of 300 jobs, (2) enough funds were avail- approving the developer's applications for guarantee assist- able to construct certain waterlines, sewerlines, and ance and in monitoring the project. However, because Soul storm-drainage lines, (3) certain roads and streets had been City differed from other new communities, NCA imposed certain completed, and (4) contracts had been signed for purchasing restrictive conditions on the developer which it had not a specific number of acres of industrial, residential, imposed on other developers. Conversely, NCA relaxed other commercial, and institutional land at specific prices. conditions which it had imposed on other developers. 50 51 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I HUD requires that the security requirement for a loan NCA officials were of the opinion that the development guarantee be at least 110 percent of the outstanding of a job base through industrial development would be obligations at any one time. For Soul City, the security necessary for Soul City to succeed. For this reason NCA requirement was $5.5 million and the collateral used to decided to restrict the developer's efforts during the first meet the requirement consisted of investments, real prop- 3 years to industrial-related development. The developer erty, land development costs, and cash proceeds from the expressed the opinion that it would be difficult to attract sale of the guaranteed obligations. industry if residential and commercial development were not taking place concurrently with industrial development. If the value of the collateral account exceeds the However, NCA believed that the developer could not afford security requirement, the developer can draw down the excess to diversify its efforts for this type of concurrent devel- funds from the escrow account. The basis used in computing opment. That restriction, along with the condition that the amount of development costs included in Soul City's land not be developed for residential and commercial pur- collateral account differed from that normally used for new poses until the land was sold, was incorporated in the communities. This resulted in a larger part of the develop- project agreement. ment costs being included in the collateral account, which, in turn, allowed the developer to draw down a larger amount Relaxation of normal conditions of the funds from the escrow account. for Soul City developer NCA's normal procedure provides that, if the developer We noted that NCA did not impose on the developer of owns all the project land, all land development costs be Soul City two requirements which normally are imposed on included in the collateral account. However, if the devel- other developers. As a result, the equity contribution by oper does not own all the project land, as is the case with the developer may be less than is normally required when Soul City, only the land development costs directly related additional debentures are issued and the developer could to the land owned are included in the collateral account. withdraw funds from its escrow account in excess of the In addition, an allocated part of the costs incurred for amount normally allowed to other developers. land development that are applicable to the total project, such as administrative costs, legal fees, and planning NCA's policy is that the developer's debt-to-equity costs, are included in the collateral account on the basis ratio should be 4:1 or better for new community develop- of the ratio of land owned to total planned-project size. ment entities, in order to protect the Government's The Soul City developer owned about 2,100 acres, and the financial interests and to insure that developers have a total planned-project size was established at about 5,300 considerable financial stake in the success of the venture. acres. However, during the initial development period HUD limited the project size to about 3,000 acres until Soul City issued an initial series of debentures for an onsite employment base of 300 jobs was obtained. Under $5 million and was required to contribute $1.5 million in HUD's normal procedures, land development costs applicable equity. Thus the normal debt-to-equity ratio was met. to the total planned project would have been allocated However, the project agreement does not stipulate whether over the total planned-project size of 5,300 acres (develop- additional equity would be required from the developer should the additional $9 million of debentures be issued. ment costs X 5,300 2,100 For Soul City the development costs were allocated over the 3,000 acres (development costs X Therefore, unless additional equity was required, the 2,100 debt-to-equity ratio could increase to 9:1. NCA officials 3,000 ). told us that, for other new communities where debentures As of March 6, 1974, the Soul City developer reported were issued in series, the project agreement required land development costs totaling 421, 676 which were appli- the developer to contribute additional equity so as to cable to the total planned project of 5,300 acres. Under retain the normal debt-to-equity ratio. The officials said HUD's normal procedures, $553,935 would have been allocated that, since the project agreement with Soul City was silent to the collateral account. However, the procedures HUD on the matter, NCA could, and probably would, require addi- used for allocating land development costs resulted in tional equity from the developer when additional debentures $971,000 being allocated to the collateral account. The were issued. following example shows the computation of funds available for drawdown from the escrow account in March 1974 using HUD's normal method and the method used for Soul City. 53 52 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I NCA normal Method used for Department of Housing and Urban procedure Soul City Development--grants and loans pertaining to sewer and interim water system Project real property $ 727,300 $ 727,300 Land development costs HUD awarded grants totaling $704,000 to the Soul City ($1,421,676) 553,935 971,000 Sanitary District to aid in constructing an interim water Value of escrow account 5,000,000 5,000,000 system. Additionally, the Soul City Utilities Company applied for and received a public facilities loan from HUD Total value of collateral of $500,000 for constructing a sewer system. account 6,281,235 6,698,300 Less required security 5,500,000 5,500,000 The sewer and interim water system, estimated to cost $1,954,000, will be funded through a combined effort of Amount available for HUD and The Soul City Company, as shown below. drawdown from escrow account $ 781,235 $1,198,300 Funding source Amount HUD, basic grant $ 500,000 An NCA official told us that, because the developer was HUD, public facilities loan 500,000 limited as to the amount of land that it could own during HUD, supplemental grant 204,000 the initial development period, it would not have been The Soul City Company 750,000 equitable to allocate the development costs on the basis of the total planned-project size of 5,300 acres. The Total $1,954,000 official said that normally the developer owns all or most of the project land and therefore the allocation formula As of July 1, 1975, the Soul City Sanitary District does not work a hardship on it. However, the Soul City and the Soul City Utilities Company had not spent any grant developer does not own most of the land. Consequently, if or loan funds. the normal allocation formula had been used, the ability of the developer to draw down funds from the escrow account HUD basic grant and public facilities would have been severely hampered. loan review, approval, and monitoring procedures Audits of loan guarantee HUD awarded the basic grant and public facilities loan There have been three audits of the loan guarantee after the Secretary of HUD announced that grant and loan since the date of the project agreement. Two of the audits programs would be terminated on January 5, 1973. pertained to examination of financial statements by a CPA and the other was a management-type audit by HUD's Office The Secretary advised HUD regional and area offices of Inspector General. The CPA's audits disclosed no find- that no water and sewer grants or public facility loans ings. The HUD management audit disclosed that there had would be approved after January 5, 1973, unless (1) the been inadequate communication and coordination between the project application had been rated under the community NCA staff and their counterparts in HUD's headquarters and development project-rating system, (2) the application had area offices. In response to the audit report, the NCA been determined to be fundable in relation to other appli- staff agreed with the finding and promised to take correc- cations and to funds on hand, (3) funds had been reserved tive action. In May 1975 NCA established an organizational for the project, and (4) the project applicant had been component, the Program Support and Field Liaison Division, notified of approval, in writing, on or before January 5, to correct any lack of coordination and communication with 1973. other HUD offices. Neither the grant nor the loan application met the above criteria. --The Soul City Sanitary District submitted the grant application in June 1973. HUD reserved grant funds 54 55 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I NCA does not monitor a grantee's performance under the for the project on June 29, 1973, and awarded the supplemental grants bec use the agency awarding the basic grant in September 1973. water grant will do SO. --The Soul City Utilities Company submitted its appli- NCA officials said that no audits had been made of the cation for a public facilities loan on June 20, 1973, supplemental grant and that the agency awarding the basic and HUD earmarked funds for the loan on August 17, grant was responsible for determining whether a final audit 1973. As of July 1, 1975, HUD had not approved the was required. loan request. Grants awarded to Henderson, HUD officials agreed with us that the applications for North Carolina the water and sewer grants and the public facilities loan did not meet the above criteria. However, they believed HUD and the Economic Development Administration (EDA) that, because of the 1972 offer of commitment for the new awarded grants totaling about $6.2 million to Henderson to community of Soul City--of which the water system was an aid in construction of a regional water system to serve integral part--HUD had a moral, if not a legal, obligation Henderson, Oxford, and Soul City. The regional system was to fund the water and sewer project. HUD successfully estimated in 1973 to cost $9 million. Since that time, appealed to the Office of Management and Budget for costs have escalated to about $12.6 million. The following release of grant and loan funds for several new community table shows the Federal, State, and local funding sources projects, including Soul City. for the regional system at the initial and revised cost levels. Construction of the sewer and interim water system will be monitored primarily by the architect-engineer firm Sources of Funding for Regional Water System employed by the Soul City Sanitary District. HUD's moni- toring will consist of periodic site visits and reviews of Initial Revised the progress reports submitted by the architect-engineer cost level cost level firm. As of July 1, 1975, no monitoring or evaluation had Funding source at June 1973 at January 1975 taken place. EDA $1,500,000 $ 2,140,000 No audits have been made of the HUD grant or public HUD: facilities loan; however, final audits are required upon Basic grant 2,500,000 3,522,950 project completion. Supplemental grant 500,000 500,000 State of North Carolina 1,700,000 2,795,000 HUD supplemental grant review, Henderson 2,000,000 2,535,021 approval, and monitoring procedures Oxford 800,000 986,191 Soul City - 103,120 NCA can award grants to State or local public bodies undertaking certain types of projects beneficial to the Total $9,000,000 $12,582,282 development of a new community. The grants, referred to as supplemental grants, supplement other Federal assistance for water and sewer systems, highways, and other facilities Department of Commerce--Economio related to the development of new communities. NCA awarded Development Administration a $204,000 supplemental grant to the Soul City Sanitary District for constructing the interim water and sewer In June 1973 EDA awarded Henderson a $1.5 million grant system. to aid in developing and constructing a regional water system. In December 1974 EDA increased its grant award by NCA followed its normal review and approval procedures $640,000, for a total of $2,140,000, to help compensate in awarding the supplemental grant to the Soul City Sanitary for increased costs of constructing the regional system. District. 57 56 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Review, approval, and monitoring procedures The grant awarded to Henderson has not been audited. A final audit is required and must be reviewed and approved EDA followed its normal procedures for reviewing and by the Department of Commerce's Office of Audits before EDA performance. approving Henderson's proposal and for monitoring its can make final payment to the grantee. Department of Housing and Urban EDA's monitoring consists primarily of (1) site visits Development--basic water and sewer grant by regional office employees, (2) correspondence with the grantee, (3) review of construction progress reports, (4) In October 1973 HUD awarded Henderson a $2.5 million request for progress payments, and (5) final project water and sewer grant to aid in developing and constructing inspection. EDA officials told us that they relied on the the regional water system. Because of the escalating cost architect-engineer firm, hired by the grantee, for day-to- of the system, in October 1974 HUD increased its basic grant day monitoring. The architect-engineer firm is the project award by $1,022,950 for a total grant of $3,522,950. supervisor and as such is responsible for insuring successful project completion. Review, approval, and monitoring procedures EDA regional office employees made seven site visits-- one before and six after the grant award--to the grantee to HUD followed its normal procedures for reviewing and (1) help the applicant prepare the grant proposal, (2) approving the grant to Henderson. However, the grant was attend a preconstruction conference, (3) discuss labor approved and awarded after the water and sewer grant program problems at the construction site, (4) inspect the project. was terminated in January 1973. and (5) discuss cost overruns. In carrying out the Secretary's announcement, the HUD EDA officials said that both they and the grantee were area office notified Henderson in February 1973 that, completely satisfied with the progress being made toward because its application had not been approved by January 5, completing the regional water system. The officials said 1973, it was being returned. that construction was proceeding as scheduled--and in certain instances ahead of schedule--and that the system As discussed on page 56, HUD believed that it had a was expected to be in operation by August 1976. moral obligation to fund the water system even though the grant application did not meet the criteria spelled out by The following table shows, at May 31, 1975, the percent the Secretary in January 1973. of completion and the estimated completion date of the major components of the regional water system. In May 1973 HUD's headquarters directed its regional office to give Henderson the necessary documents and advice Percent to enable it to resubmit its application in time for HUD completed Estimated to respond before June 30, 1973. Component (note a) completion date On June 5, 1973, Henderson resubmitted to the HUD area Water treatment plant 35.3 Raw-water intake facility 5/75 office its application for a $3 million grant, and on 57.1 Main transmission lines 3/76 June 29, 1973, HUD central office told the regional office 88.7 Pipeline to Soul City 7/75 that funds had been earmarked for the regional water system. 82.1 Elevated storage tank at 7/75 Soul City HUD relies primarily on the architect-engineer firm, 48.7 8/75 hired by the grantee, to monitor the progress being made ᵃBased on costs incurred. According to EDA officials, the on the project. Periodically HUD employees make site visits to keep abreast of the progress being made. percent of costs incurred approximates the percent of physical completion. According to HUD's project engineer, construction of the regional water system is proceeding on schedule and satis- factorily. He said that there had been a minimum of problems and changes in design, considering the size of the project. 58 59 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I No audits have been made of the HUD grant; however, a final audit is required before final payment can be made to WRPC paid the Clayton and Ballance law firm $12,700 in the grantee. legal fees under WRPC's contract with OMBE for services for the Soul City project closing. WRPC also paid $117,200 in Department of Housing and Urban legal fees to other law firms. OMBE's chief counsel ruled Development--supplemental grant that there was no violation of (1) the Federal conflict of interest law and (2) any past or present contract with WRPC. In June 1973 Henderson was awarded a HUD supplemental Federal statutes in title 18 of the United States Code-- grant system. of $500,000 to aid in constructing a regional water which governs criminal conflict of interest--apply only to Federal employees and former Federal employees and there- fore do not apply to employees of grantees or contractors The review, approval, and monitoring procedures for mentioned in this allegation. On the basis of our review, this grant were the same as for the supplemental grant on we are not aware of any Federal laws, regulations, or grant the interim system. Also NCA is not required to evaluate and contract provisions which prohibited the matter discussed the grantee's performance or to audit the grant. These two in the above allegation. functions are the responsibility of the agency awarding the basic grant. "The corporate structure supported by the Federal aid is marked by nepotism ***." INTERLOCKING DIRECTORSHIPS AND NEPOTISM Management officials were responsible for hiring members A number of allegations dealt with interlocking direc- of their family. However, Federal laws, regulations, and torships among organizations at Soul City and with nepo- contract provisions governing the awards to the Soul City positions. tistic practices of hiring family members in management organizations did not prohibit such practices. Additionally, the family members holding management or professional posi- tions at Soul City had the education and experience to We found that the allegations relating to interlocking qualify them for their jobs. directorships and the hiring of family members by manage- ment officials were correct. However, we found nothing in **** he [Floyd B. McKissick] served as chairman the rules, regulations, or grant and contract provisions of the board of Warren Regional Planning Corp. governing the awards made by Federal agencies, included in (WRPC) while drawing a salary from WRPC to direct this report which prohibited interlocking directorships. a government-funded project to promote an indus- Some grants prohibited the hiring of family members to trial program for his real estate development." work in the same department of an organization. None of the family members worked in the same department. Further- "Warren Regional Planning Corp. hired Gordon R. more, the family members hired had the education and Carey, at $27,000 a year, to direct a contract experience to qualify them for their jobs. to provide $274,000 in 'technical assistance' to McKissick Enterprises. Carey is a vice president The allegations and our evaluations follow. and stockholder in McKissick Enterprises **** "Carey and Warrenton lawyer T. T. Clayton are The allegations are correct, except that Mr. Carey's McKissick's partners in the Soul City develop- entry salary at WRPC was $25,000 a year. In May 1975, long ment. While directing the WRPC project to after the fact, the legal counsel for OMBE concluded that provide technical assistance to McKissick neither Mr. McKissick nor Mr. Carey violated conflict of Enterprises, Carey farmed out the legal work interest laws in past or present OMBE contracts. For the (paid for by the Government) to T. T. Clayton's reasons stated previously the Federal criminal statutes law firm." governing conflicts of interest do not apply to this situ- ation. Based on our review, we are not aware of any Federal This allegation is accurate. Messrs. Gordon Carey and law, regulations, or grant and contract provisions which T. T. Clayton are two of the partners in McKissick Soul prohibit the matter discussed above. City Associates, which is a limited partner in The Soul City Company. While Mr. Carey was the director of WRPC, 60 61 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I --The lease-purchase agreement in which a leading "***A Government-funded health clinic *** member of the black community is a principal was is to be developed by Madison and McKissick necessary to insure timely completion of the facil- Development Co., Inc. *** McKissick is a ity, the maximum focus of community interest and director of that for-profit development con- community participation in the project, maximum cern and he is also a director of HealthCo, employment of minority workers and subcontractors, Inc., which would operate the clinic." and maximum economic benefits to the inhabitants of the project target area. In July 1973 OEO approved a lease-purchase agreement between HealthCo and Madison & McKissick Development Company, --The terms of the lease-purchase agreement were Inc. The lease-purchase agreement provided that: reasonable and compared favorably with terms of lease-purchase agreements entered into for other Grant funds of $250,000 would be paid to the devel- projects in the past. oper and the developer would be responsible for financing the $250,000 balance of the construction --The transaction was in accordance with all other OEO costs. guidelines, standards, and procedures. --The developer would construct the facility and lease At the time of our review, construction of the clinic it to HealthCo for 20 years. had not been started. PHS is now the grant administrator. PHS officials told us that the clinic had not been con- --The monthly lease payments to the developer would structed because HealthCo had not submitted final construc- consist of interest, amortization of principal, and tion plans for approval and the developer had not obtained a 5-percent developer's fee until the $250,000 its share ($250,000) of the funds. Also the officials said borrowed by the developer was repaid. that approval for construction of the facility would not be granted until there was evidence that Soul City would become The OEO acting associate director for the Office of a reality. They said that relocating HealthCo away from the Health Affairs, in a letter to HealthCo, commented on the Soul City site was being considered because of HealthCo's "apparent conflict of interest" between HealthCo and the low patient workload. A final decision will be made before developer. the end of the current program year--December 31, 1975. "In granting this approval, full cognizance is In August 1975, after we completed our audit, we were taken of the apparent conflict of interest told that HealthCo submitted to PHS architectural drawings arising from the fact that Mr. Floyd B. McKissick, for a permanent clinic of about 7,000 square feet with an a member of the HealthCo Board of Directors, also estimated construction cost of about $220,000 rather than has a substantial interest in the Madison & the initially proposed clinic of 16,000 square feet with McKissick Development Company. In such a situ- an estimated cost of $500,000. According to HealthCo's ation, this rental/purchase of space would executive director, Madison and McKissick Development Com- normally be prohibited by OEO Instruction 6909-1. pany, Inc., will not be the developer. A new developer In this case, however, this specific transaction will be chosen after PHS approves the construction plans. is approved as permitted by Parts IV and V of OEO Instruction 6909-1 due to the circumstances "McKissick Enterprises borrowed $386,000 from and for the reasons set forth below as a matter Chase Manhatten Bank in New York City and of record." bought the Satterwhite farm on Feb. 19, 1969. Tax stamps affixed to the deed indicate a The reasons given for approving the lease-purchase purchase price of $390,000. agreement were: "The farm, together with a few hundred addi- The cost of the project was comparable to that of tional acres, was sold by McKissick Enterprises other projects and did not result in any undue to The Soul City Co. five years later for financial advantage accruing to the developer. $650,000 according to tax stamps on the deed transferring the property. 63 62 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I On March 6, 1974, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc., sold three tracts totaling 2,087 acres for $600,556 to The but that there was no conflict of interest. We are not Soul City Company. HUD appraised the land at $727,300 as aware of any Federal law, rules, regulations, or contract of the same date. provisions governing the award to WRPC which would prohibit the matter discussed above. The allegation relates to the $390,000 McKissick Enter- prises paid for the first tract and does not include the LACK OF PROGRESS AND POOR MANAGEMENT PRACTICES $74,584 paid for two additional tracts. Some of the allegations were directed to Soul City's McKissick Enterprises purchased the three tracts in overall lack of industry, shops, homes, and other physical 1969 and 1971 for $464,584. McKissick Enterprises' total developments despite its 6-year history and expenditure of net cost to buy and hold the property for several years over $5 million of Federal funds. Other allegations related was $598,320, as shown below. to the lack of progress and poor management practices of three of the Soul City organizations. Land purchase cost $464,584 Interest on mortgage Physical development 121,507 Real estate taxes 5,281 Land improvement cost less "After six years ***. depreciation 28,790 Less revenue earned on farming "More than $5 million from federal grants, con- during holding period tracts and government-backed loans had been - 21,842 spent at Soul City. Total $598,320 "There is no industry there, no shops, no houses--no Soul City. On the basis of the above, McKissick Enterprises realized a profit of $2,236 on its sale of land to The Soul This allegation is basically accurate but can be mis- City Company. leading without the complete story. "* * *Warren Regional Planning Corp. got Although about $4.6 million of Federal and federally $274,000 in 1973 to provide 'technical assist- guaranteed funds had been spent by Soul City organizations ance' to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc. through March 1975, physical development was essentially WRPC spent the money to prepare the legal, on target considering that the loan guarantee for the planning, and other documents McKissick prime developer, The Soul City Company, was consummated Enterprises needed to close the $14 million only 1 year earlier on March 6, 1974. HUD loan agreement. The Soul City Company $1,921,721 "McKissick is chairman of both the nonprofit Soul City Foundation, Inc. b939,216 WRPC and the for-profit McKissick Enterprises." WRPC C962,136 HealthCo, Inc. b842,051 In June 1973 OMBE modified and expanded the contract with WRPC to provide technical assistance to McKissick Total $4,665,124 Enterprises for the HUD closing. The modification added $274,000 to the contract. The funds were used to pay aFederally guaranteed loan. subcontractors for planning and engineering, accounting and financial services, insurance counseling, printing costs, bFederal grants. and legal fees for closing. CFederal agreements and contracts. OMBE's chief counsel ruled that no provision of the contract with WRPC had been violated. He concluded that there was an identity of interest among the participants 64 65 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Except for the $568,875 the Soul City Foundation spent As of December 31, 1973, HealthCo incurred expenses to construct the recently completed industrial building, totaling $339,968. The total costs increased to $555,800 Soultech I, the Federal and federally guaranteed loan funds at July 31, 1974, primarily due to purchasing equipment, were not spent to construct industrial buildings, shops, supplies, and other items necessary to open and operate the or houses. The Soul City Foundation, WRPC, and HealthCo clinic. spent the funds for establishing a health-care program for a two-country area, a learning laboratory, and a cultural HealthCo was scheduled to provide health services arts program; assisting minority businesses in a six-county beginning September 1973 under the original grant. Services area; and planning programs for the Soul City project. did not begin until August 5, 1974, some 11 months late, because PHS officials would not approve a temporary or per- The $1,921,721 of federally guaranteed funds The Soul manent clinic until after the HUD bond closing. The bond City Company spent were primarily for land purchases and closing took place in March 1974, and PHS then authorized development activities. The project agreement with HUD HealthCo to set up a temporary clinic. prohibits The Soul City Company from using guaranteed funds to build residential, commercial, and industrial structures. From August 1974 through August 1975, HealthCo treated The Soul City Company is responsible for planning the Soul 4,743 patients. Expendtures--after deducting patient City project; constructing streets; providing such neces- fees and third-party payments--totaled about $414,000. sities as water, sewage disposal, and electricity; and As shown below, the average patient load increased steadily selling land to other developers. (For further details on from the date the clinic opened in August 1974 until May the project status see p. 6.) 1975. Since then the patient load has remained fairly constant. HealthCo Average number of HealthCo was faulted for (1) having spent an inordi- patients treated nately large amount before opening its doors to the public Patients treated daily and (2) not having treated an acceptable number of patients since starting operations. We found the allegations to be August 1974 151 7 essentially correct, but time has altered some of the September 1974 146 7 conditions. October 1974 175 8 November 1974 162 8 "HealthCo. spent $339,968 in 1972-73 on a December 1974 163 7 regional health clinic for Vance and Warren January 1975 289 13 counties. Most of the money went for salaries. February 1975 278 14 Not one patient was treated during that period. March 1975 338 17 April 1975 462 21 "The clinic eventually opened on Aug. 5, 1974, May 1975 659 31 11 months behind schedule * * June 1975 634 32 July 1975 644 29 "In its first month of operation, the clinic August 1975 642 31 treated 155 patients and collected $688 in income. HealthCo had cost the Government Total 4,743 a total of $646,968 by that time." HealthCo received an 18-month grant from OEO effective As shown above, in August 1974, when it opened, the July 1, 1972. This grant provided for a 14-month planning HealthCo clinic treated an average of seven patients a day. and preparation period and a 4-month operational period. This same workload level prevailed through December 1974. Responsibility for administering the grant was transferred From August through December 1974, the average patient-visit to PHS on July 6, 1973. PHS awarded HealthCo an additional cost was $258. By May 1975 the clinic was treating 31 12-month grant upon expiration of the original 18-month patients a day, and the workload remained at that level grant. through August 1975. 66 67 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I In August 1975, with such a patient load, the patient- We verified that WRPC had done work on the tasks visit cost was $44, after deducting fees collected from enumerated in the contract. In making the various studies patients and third-party payments. The clinic's staff con- referred to above, WRPC contacted many corporations. The sisted of 2 full-time physicians, 1 full-time dentist, 2 contacts were made to determine what presentation should family-nurse practioners, and 18 other support and be used when actual recruiting began. During the contacts, administrative employees. WRPC did try, unsuccessfully, to recruit those corporations which expressed interest in Soul City as an industrial site. Warren Regional Planning Corporation "Without OMBE's knowledge, Warren Regional WRPC was faulted for Planning Corp. loaned money, obtained from an OMBE contract, to McKissick Enterprises. --Failing to recruit industry for Soul City. Those loans, which have been repaid, totaled $27,486." --Making improper loans to Floyd B. McKissick Enter- prises, Inc. The allegation is correct. The loans were made to enable Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, Inc., to continue --Paying for a life insurance policy on Mr. McKissick its efforts to perform the activities necessary for it to after he was no longer WRPC's director. close the HUD bond guarantee. All loans were repaid in March 1974, immediately after the HUD closing. At the time -Receiving $274,000 for legal and other services to of the loans, Mr. McKissick was chairman of the board of support the profit seeking organization, Floyd B. WRPC. McKissick Enterprises, in its quest for Federal backing for its bond sale. These expenditures may Although WRPC's contract required WRPC to provide have been included in The Soul City Company's technical assistance to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, predevelopment costs. Inc., it did not permit it to loan money to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises or to any other minority business. In our opinion, WRPC should not be blamed for not hav- Because it failed to request OMBE approval before making ing recruited industry to Soul City inasmuch as it was never such loans, WRPC exceeded its authority under the OMBE WRPC's purpose to recruit industry. The other allegations contract by making such loans. made are essentially correct. "Warren Regional Planning Corp. used OMBE "Warren Regional Planning Corporation (WRPC) funds to pay more the $2,000 in premiums on was given $257,000 in 1972-73 to plan an a $200,000 insurance policy on McKissick's industrial program for McKissick's develop- life. McKissick's wife was the primary ment and to persuade industries to locate beneficiary." there. That agency did a lot of planning, but recruited no industry ***." In March 1972 WRPC took out an insurance policy on the life of Mr. McKissick, the director of WRPC. The insur- This allegation is only partially correct. WRPC was ance policy was considered a fringe benefit to Mr. McKissick. given an OMBE contract in 1972 to plan an industrial program In the event of Mr. McKissick's death, WRPC would have for Soul City. The contract did not provide for recruiting received an amount equal to the paid-in premiums and industry for Soul City. Mrs. McKissick would have received the balance. The contract required WRPC to (1) make studies of the The Department of Commerce audit report dated August 31, industrial development feasibility of the area, (2) deter- 1973, questioned $2,088 of the $3,016 paid-in premiums. mine the number, size, and type of plants Soul City should ultimately have, (3) design a physical plan for industrial **** After July 1, 1972, Mr. McKissick was sites, and (4) make various feasibility studies to determine not contractually authorized to perform under the organizations to promote and develop the industrial base the OMBE contract. Accordingly, the premiums and the methods of financing the projects. related to this period are considered to be unallowable costs. GERALD FORD LIBRARY 68 69 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I After the Department of Commerce audit, WRPC paid $1,392 additional in premiums. However, WRPC discontinued with the approval of OMBE, WRPC's contract was amended paying premiums on this policy after September 1973. in June 1973 to allow an expenditure of $274,000 for direct support of the sponsor's efforts to obtain final Federal Since Mr. McKissick was no longer contractually backing of The Soul City Company's bonds. Our review showed authorized to perform under the OMBE contract after July 1, that WRPC spent about $223,000 for this purpose. 1972, the premiums of $3,480 paid after that date were not allowable costs under the terms of the contract. The Although it is true that the $223,000 expenditure Atlanta Regional Manager, Office of Audits, Department of directly supported a profit-seeking company, it was not Commerce, said a final determination would be made on the included in the predevelopment costs The Soul City Company questioned costs when the final audit on the contract is claimed. Neither was the expenditure used as a basis for made. increasing the stated value of the owner's equity in Soul City properties or for drawing down proceeds of bond sales. "The U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) permitted Soul City's In an effort to determine whether the predevelopment developer to draw funds last year from HUD costs had been incurred, we statistically sampled $360,916 guaranteed loans to pay more than $1 million of the predevelopment costs and found two minor discrepan- in predevelopment costs. The department did cies. The net effect of the discrepancies was that the so without determining if a part of these developer could have included $388.22 additional as pre- costs already had been paid by another development cost on the cost certificate. federal agency. The results of our tests indicate that the developer "The Office of Minority Business Enterprises incurred the predevelopment costs certified to HUD and (OMBE), a U. S. Department of Commerce agency, that they were not previously paid by another Federal gave the Warren County, N. C., new town agency. project a $274,000 contract on June 25, 1973. The money was to cover fees for attorneys, Soul City Foundation architects, engineers and other predevelopment expenses. "The federal government gave $90,000 to Soul City Foundation to identify and apply for more On March 6, 1974, HUD approved the Soul City's cost federal, State, and private monies * * *." certification of predevelopment costs amounting to $1,421,676. On the basis of the approved cost certifica- The allegation identifies only one of the four grant tion, The Soul City Company was permitted to draw down objectives. $685,428 from its escrow account. OEO awarded a $90,000 social advocacy planning project We made some tests to determine whether the predevelop- grant to the Soul City Foundation in December 1972. The ment costs certified to HUD (1) had been paid by another goals of the advocacy project were to (1) plan a lifestyle Federal agency and (2) had actually been incurred. Neither for the new community which would be responsive to the needs Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises (the project sponsor) nor of low-income residents, (2) prepare a program for identi- The Soul City Company (the project developer) had directly fying, recruiting, and relocating low-income families, (3) received any Federal funds through grants, contracts, or identify the resources, both human and financial, in the loans in relation to the Soul City project. However, four public or private sector to carry out the designed programs, other Soul City organizations receiving Federal funds did and (4) assemble a detailed report designed to enable other make disbursements to the project sponsor for rent and for new communities to strengthen the participation of low-income expense reimbursements. The sponsor properly reduced appro- persons. priate expense accounts for all but two expense reimburse- ments totaling $350.45 from these organizations. The Our review of the grantee's performance showed that the failure to properly credit the sponsor's expense account grantee had done some work toward achieving each program resulted in a $350.45 overstatement of predevelopment cost. activity except that of identifying, recruiting, and relocating low-income families. Due to the delay in the HUD 70 71 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Total closing and the heavy workload of the small staff, the Soul Total North estimated Number City Foundation decided not to plan and develop a program Project of miles FHWA HUD Federal Carolina cost to meet this grant goal. RS-51 (3) OTHER ALLEGATIONS (note a). 0.5 $ 31,500 $ - $ 31,500 $ 13,500 $ 45,000 RS-1709( (1) 1.2 236,785 31,159 267,944 66,986 334,930 The following allegations did not readily fit into the RS-1710(1) 0.7 67,268 33,841 101,109 25,278 126,387 above categories and are discussed separately below. Total 2.4 $335,553 $65,000 $400,553 $105,764 $506,317 "The Office of Federal Elections lists McKissick as a $500 contributor to the Black aCanceled April 30, 1975. Committee for the Reelection of the President on May 22, 1972 * * There is a Federal law prohibiting political contributions by On March 27, 1973, representatives from Soul City, Government contractors at any time between FHWA, HUD, and the North Carolina State Department of Trans- the commencement of negotiations and the portation met to discuss Soul City's highway needs. At completion of their contract.' this meeting HUD said it could provide funds to help finance Soul City's highway needs if the funds were com- On May 22, 1972, Mr. McKissick personally donated $500 mitted by June 30, 1973. At this same meeting, the North to the Black Committee for the Reelection of the President. Carolina secretary of transportation directed his staff We verified that the cash was not paid out of the resources to realine its priorities to help get Soul City roads con- of any Soul City organization. Title 18, section 611, structed. Before this time North Carolina's 7-year highway United States Code, prohibits contributions by firms or plans for 1973-80 and 1974-81 did not include any highway individuals contracting with the United States. At the construction in the county in which Soul City is located. time of his donation, Mr. McKissick was an officer or Road project RS-1710(1), a proposed new road, was accepted director of three Soul City organizations which were nego- into North Carolina's rural secondary road system on May 17, tiating for over $15 million in Federal assistance from 1973. Projects RS-51(3) and RS-1709(1) had been part of the HUD, OMBE, and OEO but he personally was not contracting system for some time. HUD committed funds to supplement the with the United States. It appears to us that the Federal three projects on June 29, 1973, and FHWA approved the law was not violated. However, whether there was a viola- projects on August 2, 1973. In October 1974 contracts tion of title 18 of the United States Code is a matter for totaling $461, 317 were awarded for projects RS-1709 (1) and consideration by the Department of Justice since title 18, RS-1710(1). Project RS-51(3) was canceled on April 30, section 611, is a criminal statute and not within the 1975. The other two projects are currently under purview of our Office. construction. "State and federal highway officials did Since the two road projects under construction are McKissick a $535,317 favor by building roads included in North Carolina's secondary road system, they through his development. Without this assist- are eligible for Federal highway funds. The funds pro- ance the Soul City Company would have had to vided by HUD were properly authorized under section 718 pay for its own roads. The company could have of the Urban Growth and New Community Development Act of used Government-backed loan money to build 1970. The Soul City Company will be responsible for them, but it would have had to repay the building the residential roads in the Soul City project funds.' using HUD-guaranteed loan funds. As of March 31, 1975, approved highway projects within "The U. S. Department of Commerce paid a New the geographic limits of the Soul City project were to be York firm $85,157 in 1972 - 73 to publicize financed as follows: the operations of Soul City * ***. 72 73 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I "Ten months after it got its federal contracts, ALLOWABILITY OF EXPENDITURES OF SOUL CITY ORGANIZATIONS the publicity firm [Eden Advertising and Communications, Inc.] quietly went out of business * * *. Using statistical-sampling techniques, we selected 349 expenditure transactions completed before April 1, 1975, "The payments to Eden were supposed to have from the Soul City organizations and sought to determine been based on Eden's cost of publicizing Soul whether the expenditures had been made in accordance with City. Although Eden was paid $85,157, it the terms and provisions of the grant, contract, or loan only claimed cost of $42,017. Of the first guarantee and whether they were adequately supported by figure, Commerce auditors accepted only documentation. We also sought to verify that the goods and $7,429 as allowable under the terms of the services procured had been received and had been used for contract." their intended purposes. On December 12, 1974, the Commerce Department's Office We also scanned the accounting records of each organi- of Investigations turned over its findings to the Depart- zation and selected, on a judgment basis, 113 transactions ment of Justice's criminal fraud section in Washington, D.C. that were (1) large dollar values, (2) between other The Eden file has since been sent to the U.S. attorney in organizations at Soul City, or (3) alleged to be improper. New York, and a decision on whether to prosecute Eden is pending. For this test, we excluded compensation paid to employees of the Soul City organizations. Because payroll costs accounted for a large percentage of the total costs organizations incurred, we felt these expenditures warranted separate handling. The results of these payroll tests are discussed later. RESULTS OF STATISTICAL AND JUDGMENT SAMPLES The following table shows the number and dollar value of all cash transactions to April 1, 1975, and our samples. Total transactions Statistical Judgment (note a) sample sample Organization Number Value Number Value Number Value The Soul City Company 885 $4,547,432 90 $673,400 12 $134,100 WRPC 1,321 872,600 80 72,900 49 99,000 HealthCo 1,527 513,200 100 40,400 42 93,900 Soul City Foundation 1,601 1,496,600 79 15,400 10 27,400 a Includes Federal, State, and private funds. The results of applying the audit criteria to the transactions in our statistical samples showed that 86, or about 25 percent, of the transactions we reviewed did not meet 1 or more of the tests for allowability. When projected to the universe, on the basis of a 95-percent confidence level, the number of transactions which did not meet 1 or more of the tests for allowability ranged from 1,063 to 1,926. (See pp. 77 and 78.) 74 75 LL 9L NEA WRPC: Labor HEW, OE OEO and CSA Soul City Foundation: HEW, PHS OEO HealthCo: OMBE Total Development Planning and HUD, Community HUD, NCA The Soul City Company: : Organization 349 79 1 3 14 61 100 T9 39 80 40 40 06 Total 17 4 I I I 1 3 9 L 2 3 2 1 1 grant provisions compliance with Not in 67 28 I I 1 4 23 15 4 11 24 8 16 I I documentation Inadequate 11N 2 I I I I IN T 1 I I I # , I I not received Goods or services Number of transactions in statistical sample (°6L d 86 32 | I 1 5 26 26 12 14 27 10 17 of errors number did not meet 1 or more of the tests for allowability. (See 1 Total percent, of the 113 transactions in our judgmental sample the statistical sample, we found that 39, or about 35 Using the same criteria for allowability as we used in I I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX Number of transactions Number in Range of number in Statistical sample not universe not meeting Organization Universe sample meeting criteria criteria (note a) I APPENDIX From To The Soul City Company 885 90 1 (b) (b) WRPC 1,321 80 27 315 583 HealthCo, Inc. 1,527 100 26 270 525 Soul City Foundation 1,601 79 32 478 818 Total 5,334 349 86 1,063 1,926 78 ᵃBased on a 95-percent confidence level. ᵇNumber of errors in sample too small to warrant projection. I APPENDIX Number of transactions in judgment sample Not in Total compliance with Inadequate number Organization Total grant provisions documentation of errors I APPPENDX The Soul City Company: HUD, NCA 12 - - WRPC: HUD, Community Planning and Development 29 9 4 13 OMBE 20 10 1 11 49 19 5 24 HealthCo: 79 OEO 12 3 1 4 HEW, PHS 30 7 2 9 42 10 3 13 Soul City Foundation: OEO and CSA 10 - 2 2 Total 113 29 10 39 I APPENDIX APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I Dollar Value of Questionable Transactions in Samples Warren Regional Planning Corporation Statistical Judgment Of the 129 transactions in our samples of WRPC, 22 sample sample transactions involving expenditures totaling $28,859 were Number of transactions sampled not in compliance with agreement or contract provisions and 349 113 29 others totaling $38,295 lacked necessary documentation. Dollar value of transactions sampled Of the 22 transactions found not in compliance with $802,000 $354,400 grant contract provisions, 11 had previously been questioned Number of transactions: by the Office of Audits, Department of Commerce. For Not in compliance with grant example, using OMBE contract funds, WRPC made two payments provisions totaling $1,016 for travel expenses of Mr. McKissick. These 17 29 Lacking adequate documentation expenses were for travel after Mr. McKissick left WRPC's (note a) payroll. The Department of Commerce audit report dated 67 10 Goods or services not received August 31, 1973, questioned the costs and stated the expend- 2 - itures were for Mr. McKissick's travel and subsistence after Total he was no longer contractually authorized to perform under 86 39 the OMBE contract. As of September 1, 1975, Commerce had Dollar value of questionable not decided on the final disposition of the August 31, 1973, transactions (note b) audit findings. We were told that a final determination on $ 44,331 $ 51,883 the questioned costs would be made after we completed our review. ᵃDocumentation was not adequate for only part of the expenditures in some cases. Other transactions found not in compliance with con- bIn some cases only part of the transactions were questioned. tract or agreement provisions included (1) interest and penalties paid to the Internal Revenue Service for late pay- ment of taxes withheld from employees' salaries, (2) loans The Soul City Company to Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, (3) expenditures for entertainment, and (4) consultant services not approved as Our review of the 102 transactions in our samples of required. For example, WRPC used HUD funds to pay $349.71 The Soul City Company disclosed only one for $35 which did in interest and penalties to the Internal Revenue Service not meet the criteria. However, in our samples we found and to the North Carolina Department of Revenue. Provisions three transactions totaling $189, which HUD would not of the HUD agreements did not allow interest and other costs permit to be paid from the guaranteed bond proceeds because resulting from violation of or failure to comply with the transactions were not in accordance with the project Federal, State, and local laws and regulations. agreement. The absence or insufficiency of documentation to According to the project agreement, only land acquisition support the propriety of expenditures was a serious problem and development expenses can be paid from federally guaran- at WRPC. No documentation was available for 14 expendi- teed bond proceeds. The Soul City Company must use equity ture transactions, and there was inadequate documentation funds (its own funds derived from private sources) to cover on file for 15 transactions. other types of expenditures. In January 1975 The Soul City Company made a $180,0 loan commitment to the Soul City WRPC could not locate any documentation, other than Foundation to provide the necessary funds to complete the canceled checks, for 14 transactions. first industrial building in Soul City, Soultech I. During 1974 The Soul City Company paid annual dues and other fees -Documentation for two transactions was not adequate totaling $9,000 to the League of New Communities. Because to enable us to verify the accuracy of certain HUD determined that these expenditures were not in accordance costs, such as insurance premiums, employees' with the project agreement, The Soul City Company was forced salaries, office supplies, utility services, and to use its equity funds. equipment rentals, which had to be prorated among various programs administered by WRPC. 80 81 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX I -Thirteen travel vouchers were not prepared in accordance with regulations. The vouchers did The two transactions for which goods or services were not contain the necessary information to verify not received totaled $418.75. The transactions were for the propriety of the amounts paid. (1) payment of $15.08 for a motel room which was guaranteed but not used and (2) back pay of $403.67 for a suspended HealthCo employee who was reinstated after a hearing. Our audit of the 142 transactions in HealthCo disclosed Soul City Foundation 19 expenditures totaling $7,593 were not in compliance with grant provisions, 18 expenditures totaling $6,043 with Of the 89 transactions in our samples of the Soul City insufficient documentation, and 2 expenditures totaling $419 Foundation, 4 transactions totaling $71 were not in compli- for which goods or services were not received. ance with grant provisions and 30 totaling $4,128 with insufficient documentation on file. Examples of the lack of Transactions not in compliance with grant provisions documentation follow. include (1) improperly computed travel claims, (2) required OEO or HEW approval not obtained, (3) penalties and interest Thirteen travel vouchers were improperly filled out. paid to the Internal Revenue Service for late payment of The vouchers did not contain necessary information taxes withheld from employees' salaries, and (4) payment of to verify the propriety of the amounts claimed. a Soul City Foundation liability. Following are examples of transactions questioned. The Soul City Foundation could not locate any docu- mentation, other than canceled checks, for four -Travel claims were made which included incorrect transactions. mileage rates, mileage computation errors, and incorrect subsistence allowances. --Documentation on file did not adequately support the amounts paid for 13 transactions involving telephone On Feburary 15, 1973, HealthCo paid taxes and bills, office equipment services, and insurance interest totaling $731 to the Employment Security premiums. Commission of North Carolina. This amount repre- sented the assessed tax for the first three quarters PAYROLL AUDIT RESULTS of 1972. Our analyses revealed that the taxes were for Soul City Foundation employees. We randomly selected a pay period in 1974 and reviewed all payroll transactions. Each transaction was reviewed in Our review disclosed 18 transactions which were not accordance with the following criteria. adequately supported. -The position; salary; and, if required, the individ- Eleven travel vouchers were improperly filled out. ual holding the position was in accordance with the The vouchers did not contain the necessary informa- Federal grant, contract, or loan guarantee. tion to determine the propriety of the amounts claimed. --An approved time and attendance sheet was on file for each employee paid. Documentation was not available for two transactions to determine why the expenditures were made. The gross wages were computed correctly. Documentation for four transactions was not available In general, we found that payroll costs were correctly to determine whether HealthCo paid WRPC and Floyd B. paid and properly controlled. McKissick Enterprises the correct amounts for its share of telephone bills and insurance premiums. -Documentation for one transactions was not available to determine whether the items purchased were actually received. 82 83 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I SCOPE OF REVIEW We directed our review to determining the project's history; current status; and sources and amounts of Federal, State, and local financial aid going directly to Soul City or the surrounding municipalities for the benefit of Soul City. We also examined various allegations relating to the project and tested the allowability of expenditures for four Soul City organizations. We reviewed the basic laws, legislative history, regulations, policies, and instructions governing the new communities program. We reviewed pertinent documentation relative to reviewing, approving, and monitoring procedures for grants, contracts, agreements, the loan, and the loan guarantee awarded by the Federal agencies. Also we reviewed audit reports prepared by CPAs and agency internal auditors and determined the status of the findings therein. We inter- viewed officials of the agencies which provided assistance to Soul City and officials of the Soul City organizations. We made our review at HUD, Washington, D.C., and Greensboro, North Carolina; Department of Commerce--OMBE, Washington, D.C., and Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Commerce EDA, Atlanta, Georgia; CSA, Washington, D.C., and Atlanta, Georgia; HEW OE and PHS, Atlanta, Georgia; National Endowment for the Arts, Washington, D.C.; Department of Labor, Atlanta, Georgia; Environmental Protection Agency, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Transportation- FHWA, Raleigh, North Carolina; and The Soul City Company, the Soul City Foundation, WRPC, HealthCo, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, McKissick Soul City Associates, Soul City Sanitary District, and Soul City Utilities Company at Soul City. 84 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I SCOPE OF REVIEW We directed our review to determining the project's history; current status: and sources and amounts of Federal, State, and local financial aid going directly to Soul City or the surrounding municipalities for the benefit of Soul City, We also examined various allegations relating to the Soul City organizations. project and tested the allowability of expenditures for four regulacions, policies, and instructions governing the new We-reviewed the basic laws, legislative history, communities program. We reviewed pertinent documentation for grants, contracts, agreements, the loan, and the loan relative to reviewing, approving, and monitoring procedures guarantee awarded by the Federal agencies. /Miso we seviewed and determined the status of the findings therein. NE inter- audit reports prepared by CPAB and agency internal auditors viewed officials of the agencies which provided assistance to Sout^City and officials of the Sool City organizations. We made our review at --BUD, Washington, over, and Greensboro, North Carolinar -Department of Commerce--ONBE, Washington, D.C., and Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Commerce--EDA, Atlanta, Georgia; --CSA; Washington, D.C., and Atlanta, Georgiar HEW--OB and PHS, Atlanta, Georgia; --National Endowment for the Arts, Washington, D.C.I +-Department of Labor, Atlanta, Georgia: Environmental Protection Agency, Atlanta. Georgiar Carolinar and Department of Transportation--PHXA, Releigh, North The Soul City Company, the Soul City Foundation, WRPC, HealthCo, Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises, MuXlssick Soal City Associates, Soul City Sanitary District, City, and Soul City Utilities Company at Soul 84 AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER UNITED STATES POSTAGE AND FEES PAID GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE U.S. GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE U.S.MAIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20548 OFFICIAL BUSINESS THIRD CLASS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE,$300