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10/7/74 - Honduran Relief Fund Sponsorship
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10/7/74 - Honduran Relief Fund Sponsorship
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Sheila R. Weidenfeld Files (Ford Administration)
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President (1974-1977 : Ford). Office of the First Lady. 1974-1977
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The original documents are located in Box 2, folder "10/7/74 - Honduran Relief Fund Sponsorship" of the Sheila Weidenfeld Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 2 of the Sheila Weidenfeld Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library For immediate release Monday, Oct. 7, 1974 THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary to Mrs. Ford Mrs. Ford has become an unofficial sponsor of the Honduran Reconstruction Fund (HRF), an organization to raise funds for the reconstruction of houses and farms destroyed on the Honduras by Hurricane Fifi, which struck Sept. 20. Due to a requirement for limited activity following her surgery, Mrs. Ford is unable to be an active sponsor of the project. But because of her belief in the importance of the work of HRF, she has asked that her support /of the project be known. The Honduran Reconstruction Fund is a private sector organization. It is working to rebuild houses and farms at low cost and to deal directly with the small farmer to bring his farm back into production. The work of the foundation was brought to Mrs. Ford's attention after students in the Washington, D.C., area last week raised enough money in a 24-hour period to buy three houses for displaced families. HRF was created by the Pan American Development Foundation, founded by the Organization of American States in 1962 to stimulate and coordinate private sector activities in pursuit of Alliance for Progress objectives. # # # # Contact: Gregory Wolfe 381-8651 This Copy For NEWS CONFERENCE #45 AT THE WHITE HOUSE WITH RON NESSEN AT 12:15 P.M. EDT OCTOBER 7, 1974 MONDAY MR. NESSEN: I notice that some people told the President yesterday that his new dog was friendlier toward reporters than his Press Secretary is, so I am practicing and I hope to learn to wag my tail and probably come around and lick your faces every now and then. (Laughter) Seriously, you have seen the President's schedule for yesterday and today. After attending services at St. John's, the President spent most of the rest of the day continuing to work on the speech he will deliver to the Joint Session of Congress at 4:00 on Tuesday. The way I had hoped to be able to do this was to go through the announcements and then come back and tell you a little about the meeting yesterday, if that is all right. He met with a number of staff members who were here yesterday including Rumseld, Hartmann, Seidman, Simon, Buchen, Marsh, Kissinger, Skowcroft, and I also talked to him myself. Q Is that the peeking order? MR. NESSEN: No, no particular order. No, that is not the peeking order. I will give you a rundown on the meeting yesterday when I get through all the rest of this. This morning the President was in his office at 7:30. He met with members of the staff this morning too, and those are Seidman, Rumsfeld, Kissinger, Skowcroft, Hartmann and myself. The President this morning received a report from the two senior AID officials whom he sent to Honduras to survey the damage from Hurricane Fifi and its aftermath. MORE #45 - 2 - #45-10/7 The report concluded the catastrophe was a major national disaster when you measure it both in human and economic terms. The President thanked the members of the team, who are Assistant AID Administrator Herman Kleine and the Foreign Disaster Relief Coordinator RussellMcClure. The President praised the courage of the Honduran people and the relief efforts conducted to date and pledged that the United States would join others in support of the Honduran's endeavors to rebuild their nation's economy. So far the United States' relief efforts have totaled $1 million 600 thousand. The report which they gave to the President is available to you, and I think it will answer a lot of your questions about Honduran relief. At 12:15 the President is scheduled to meet with George Romney. He is now Chairman of the National Center for Voluntary Action. He has been chairman of the organization since January, and Mr. Romney asked for the meeting with the President to discuss the future direction of his nongovernmental and non-profit organization. Although the meeting has not been held yet, the President intends to tell Governor Romney that he strongly supports this concept of voluntary action. At 12:30 the President will meet with Congressman Edward J. Derwinski. The President asked Congressman Derwinski to come in so the President could ask him his views on the status of J.S.-Polish relations. You may know the Congressman traveled to Poland this summer and met at that time with First Secretary Gierek, who will be meeting here with the President tomorrow. President Ford and President Valery Giscard D'estaing of France have agreed to meet on December 14, 15 and 16 in Martinique. The meeting will provide the two leaders with an opportunity to review issues of mutual interest. Q Why were you so far behind the French in announcing this meeting? MR. NESSEN: There was an agreement with the French to announce the meeting jointly at noon Washington time. The story leaked out in the French press. The French government asked the United States Embassy in Paris, since it had been leaked, whether it would be all right to announce it ahead of time, and the American Government said yes. MORE #45 - 3 - #45-10/7 I believe we tried to do as best we could here to catch this up before I came out here to talk to you. The President is holding a meeting with the National Security Council at 2:45 this afternoon. The normal practice is not to announce the subject of NCS meetings. The President and Archbishop Iakovos will meet this afternoon at 4:15. Iakovos is the Archbishop of the Greek Orthodox Church of North and South America. This meeting will afford the President and the Archbishop the opportunity to discuss matters relating to the situation in Cyprus, including the need for continued humanitarian efforts on Cyprus. Q A question applying to that. Has the President met with Archbishop Makarios at all? MR. NESSEN: I am certainly not aware of it. I think "no" is the answer. Q Are you taking questions on these various announcements as you go along? I thought you wanted to save them until later, because I have a few myself. MR. NESSEN: I suppose we could. Q What is the topic of the National Security Council? MR. NESSEN: I said we do not announce the topic of the National Security Council. 0 They have in the past, Ron. MR. NESSEN: I don't believe they have, Pat. Q They have from time to time. MR. NESSEN: We won't today. Q I have not seen the AID report yet, but I will, and I want to know, is the President satisfied that the American aid that was sent to Honduras went from these officials -- is he satisfied the aid went to Honduras or did it end up, as the Post reported this weekend, in Honduran Army warehouses for eventual disposition which, in any number of mysterious ways, has happened in Managua in the earthquakes. That is my number one question. MORE #45 Pan American Development Foundation 1725 K Street, Northwest Suite 1409 Washington, D. C. 20006 Cable FUPAD Telephone (202) 381-8651 Galo Plaza October 4, 1974 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD T. Graydon Upton PRESIDENT A MESSAGE TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND TO L. Ronald Scheman MEMBERS OF OUR TOOLS FOR FREEDOM ADVISORY COUNCIL VICE PRESIDENT AND MEMBERS OF THE HEALTH SERVICES ADVISORY COMMITTEE M. Rafael Urquia VICE PRESIDENT One of the PADF's functions, established in our charter, is to assist OAS member countries in times of national emergency. On Francisco V. Garcia-Amador such occasions, we seek to raise funds which are then channelled TREASURER through the local National Development Foundation, for use in Norman Goijberg reconstruction projects, rather than emergency relief. The PADF EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR was successful in raising over $500 thousand for the Nicaraguan Development Foundation after the earthquake, and is now engaged BOARD OF TRUSTEES in a parallel effort for Honduras. Francisco Aguirre Antonio Aycinena You will find enclosed copy of an advertisement (for the William H. Bolin preparation of which Potomac Electric donated the services of its Wallace Campbell advertising counsel) which appeared on October 3rd in the Washington Alberto Jose Carvajal Post, with a more detailed description of the project on the reverse Pedro Contreras Pulido side. We also hope to arrange broadcasts of an appeal by Shirley Miles Cortez Roland del Mar Temple Black, who narrated for the OAS the text of the film, "The John F. Gallagher World of the Primitive Painter" (Velasquez of Honduras), and are William S Gaud trying to arrange other fund raising activities over the next James P. Grant several months. James R. Greene Frederick Heldring Felipe Herrera For the next fortnight, this program is being coordinated in Abraham Horwitz the PADF by Greg Wolfe, who can answer any questions you may have Jacob K. Javits about it. Ernst Keller Edward M. Kennedy Tom Lilley I feel sure that many of you will want to make a personal Sol M. Linowitz contribution to this campaign, which we would deeply appreciate. Alberto Lleras Camargo We also hope that you will stimulate gifts through your associates, Eugenio Mendoza and would appreciate your giving us any names which we may call. Jose A. Mora F. Bradford Morse Wayne Morse Thank you - from the PADF, from the Honduran Development Fund, Robert Nathan and from Honduras. Ray Pillman Stuart Portner Jay R. Reist William Sanders Teleptm Carlos Sanz de Santamaria T. Graydon Upton Harvey Schwartz President Walter J. Sedwitz Jose C. Serrato. Jr. Otilia de Tejeira TGU:sd J. P. Van Praag enclosure ADVISOR TO THE BOARD Sam Greene Mrs. John C. McClintock Co.chmn of (4657) Gregory B. wolfe FORD Dr. and Mrs. Ramon Alcerro C. 1263 Woodruff Avenue Los Angeles, California 20024 Mr. Robert A. Benjamin United Artists 729 7th Avenue New York, New York 10019 The Honorable Shirley Temple Black United States Ambassador to Ghana Hay Adams Hotel Washington, D.C. 20006 The Honorable and Mrs. Charles R. Burrows Former U.S. Ambassador to Honduras 2511 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20008 César Agustus Cáceres, M.D. 2500 Virginia Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20037 The Honorable and Mrs. Henry Catto Chief of Protocal Georgetown Pike McLean, Virginia Mrs. T. Jefferson Coolidge Coolidge Point Manchester, Mass. 01944 Kathryn D. Christophers President Overseas Education Fund of the League of Women Voters 1730 M St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 The Honorable and Mrs. Paul C. Daniels Former U.S. Ambassador to Honduras Main Street Lakeville, Connecticut - 2 - The Honorable and Mrs. John C. Dreier Former U.S. Ambassador to the OAS Southwest Harbor, Maine 04679 The Honorable and Mrs. Angier Biddle Duke The Commissioner of Civic Affairs for the City of New York River House New York City Elizabeth Espinosa Secretary The National Federation of Business and Professional Women 13 Vassar Circle Glen Echo, Maryland 20768 The Honorable Dante Fascell U.S. House of Representatives Chairman Subcommittee, Inter-American Affairs 2160 Rayburn House Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 Louise Willauer Jackson RFD 2, Box 105 Buckfield, Maine 04220 Rita Z. Johnston U.S. Delegate to the Inter-American Commission of Women 7722 Savannah Drive Bethesda, Maryland 20034 Mildred Robbins Leet Past President National Council of Women 54 Riverside Drive New York, New York 10024 - 3 - The Honorable and Mrs. Sol M. Linowitz Former U.S. Ambassador to the OAS 2325 Wyoming Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20008 The Honorable and Mrs. Thomas Mann Former Assistant Secretary of State Inter-American Affairs 3606 Edgemont Drive Austin, Texas 78731 Mr. and Mrs. MacKenzie Gordon 2905 Que Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20007 Albert Maverick III, Esq. Associate General Counsel Brown and Root Company Pine Valley Drive Houston, Texas Mr. Denning Miller Edon Hill Road Stowe, Vermont 05672 The Honorable Gale W. McGee U.S. Senate Chairman, Sub-Committee Foreign Relations 344 Old Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 The Honorable and Mrs. William S. Mailliard U.S. Ambassador to the OAS 3265 N St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20007 The Honorable and Mrs. Robert Newbegin Former U.S. Ambassador to Honduras Jaffrey New Hampshire - 4 - Mr. and Mrs. Jeremiah O'Leary Correspondent Washington Star-News 405 Prince Street Alexandria, Virginia 22314 The Honorable and Mrs. Covey Oliver Former Assistant Secretary of State Inter-American Affairs 4210 Spruce Street Philadelphia, Penna. W. Francis Pressly Director, International Division National 4H Foundation 7100 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20015 The Honorable William L. Rogers Assistant Secretary of State Inter-American Affairs Room 6263 Department of State Washington, D.C. 20523 The Honorable Thomas P. Stone Governor of Vermont Montpelier, Vermont 05602 Lisa Sergio 1531 34th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20007 Mrs. Harper Sibley 400 East Street Rochester, New York 14607 Mrs. George Cheever Shattuck 450 Warren Street Brookline, Massachusetts - 5 - Mr. and Mrs. Roger T. Stone P.O. Box 295 Maddisonville, Louisiana 70447 Giselle F. Theberge Chairman, Tribute to the Arts of the Americas Performing Arts Society Director of Latin American Studies Center for Strategic Studies 3027 Foxhall Road Washington, D.C. 20016 Dr. Caroline Ware National Consumers League 1600 Beulah Road Vienna, Virginia Whiting Willauer 4201 Cathedral Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20016 Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Bird 3414 N Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. The response of our people to tragic emergencies like Hurricane Fifi is always inspiring to see. The food, medicine, and clothing that have pured into Honduras since the Hurricane struck the small when Central American Republic are surely a life-sustaining transfusion for the Honduran people. Beyond the emergency, however, is the long-term need to replenish the lost capital, the homes, farms, schools and implements of thousands whose communities will require rebuilding. The ten year old private, Pan American Development Foundation is taking action to enable this reconstruction to occur by reaching directly to the families who need the capital with which to rebuild. It is forming a national committee to encourage contributions to a Reconstruction Fund. It will channel the funds to its sister institution, the Honduran Development Foundation, to rebuild houses and farms at low cost and work directly with needy small farmers to bring their farms back into production. It is raising its funds with the help of a National Committee of distinguished ccitizens: teachers, lawyers, workers, doctors, former Ambassadors and others all acting in their private capacities. It is associated with the special efforts 6£ being made by other private organizations with a long-term commitment to Latin America: the Partners of the Americas; the Council of the Americas; and the U.S. Committee for UNICEF. Its efforts so far, and they have just begun, have prompted heartwarming response from individuals, and corporations through- out the country. Among the most exciting contributions were those of the students of a Washington area middle school whose/se/ raised enough money in twenty four houss to buy three houses for displaced families/ . Since the PADF is able to help build housing units at $350 per unit this sort of fundraising effort by young people can be multiplied many times over. PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION ANNUAL REPORT 1973 "Let us be candid. What these men want are jobs for their survival, food for their families, and a future for their children. They want the simple satisfaction of working toward something better: toward an end to misery, and a beginning of hope. Robert S. McNamara President, World Bank - 1972 CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION The Tenth Anniversary of the Pan American Develop- ment Foundation finds its program operating under very different circumstances, in both Latin America and in the BOARD OF TRUSTEES STAFF United States, than existed at its initiation. At that time, during the euphoric days of the Alliance for Progress, no Galo Plaza Ernst Keller Sy Rotter dream of development seemed impossible of achieve- Chairman of the Board Edward M. Kennedy Executive Director ment. With the goals of the Charter of Punta del Este as a T. GraydonUpton Tom Lilley guide, there appeared to be generous funds that could be Lewis P. Remick President Sol. M. Linowitz made available from the United States for the purposes of Financial Advisor M. Rafael Urquia Alberto Lleras Camargo economic and social development in Latin America, and Vice President Eugenio Mendoza we thought we knew what steps should be taken. Norman Goijberg Ten years later, and wiser, we survey the current scene L. Ronald Scheman F. Bradford Morse gress enjoined the Agency for International Development Program Coordinator and accept the fact that not only have many of the correct Vice President Jose A. Mora to encourage the mobilization of private sector resources Francisco Garcia-Amador 2 Maria del Carmen Sarmiento answers to development not been found, but it seems Wayne Morse and to commit itself to the objective of "maximum feasible Secretary Treasurer Robert Nathan Director possible that some of the major development programs participation" of the people in development decisions. An- have not even addressed themselves to the right ques- other step was the amendment to the AID act which bears Francisco Aguirre Ray Pillman Material Resources Program tions. As political experts struggle to explain the current Stuart Portner the name of Congressman John Moss, and which author- Luis Jose Alvarez³ Francisco Saenz socio political state of affairs in Latin America, and as ized the partial guarantee by the United States of loans Antonio Aycinena Jay R. Reist Economic Advisor economists retreat from the statistics of rising GNP's as made by banks in Latin America to "marginados" - an William H. Bolin Patricio Rojas⁵ the essential measure of a country's progress, we are effort to induce such lenders to move from their normal Wallace Campbell William Sanders Steven Reid finding not only in Latin America but in other developed pattern of secured loans, to one of character loans to the Alberto Jose Carvajal Carlos Sanz de Santamaria Director countries of the world an increasing disenchantment with little man - such as made by the national development Pedro Contreras Pulido Harvey Schwartz Tools for Freedom "traditional" foreign aid. foundations. Unfortunately, both of these well motivated Roland del Mar⁴ Walter J. Sedwitz Cecilia Crispo One lesson which the world is learning, as Robert measures have been seriously hampered in execution by Miles Cortez Jose C. Serrato Jr. Administrative Assistant McNamara has spelled out so well in his last report to the technical and operational limitations. John F. Gallagher Carl B. Spaeth³ Otilia de Tejeira⁴ Material Resources Program Governors of the World Bank, is that to a very substantial So much for the problem. What steps can be taken to- William S. Gaud degree the economic and social benefits derived from wards its solution? First, our efforts will be directed to fo- James P. Grant J.P. Van Praag⁴ Lucia F. McDonough large scale development efforts have not been shared by cusing the attention of the major development agencies on James R. Greene Louis I. de Winter⁷ Administrative Assistant the poorest 40% of the population of the developing world. the National Development Foundation program as an ef- Jorge Grieve³ Operacion Ninos Program The issue at hand is to relate our development institu- fective means for motivating social and economic develop- Frederick Heldring tions to the need for "social equity". It is an issue not only ment at the community level. Felipe Herrera Lynette Gaubert of restoring the faith of the people, and of the U.S. Congress Second, we will encourage greater U.S. and Canadian Abraham Horwitz Material Resources Progam in foreign aid, but of keeping faith with our underlying prin- business community support for this effort. There is no Jacob K. Javits Mary Louise Roe ciples of human decency. We must redirect the attention better way for business organizations operating in Latin Secretary of foreign development assistance towards those great America to ally themselves with the social aspirations of masses of people, both in rural areas and in city slums, their host countries than to participate in the program of the Linda Friedman whose continuing poverty and hopelessness negate any National Development Foundations, either through the 1. Resigned as Secretary-Treasurer on June 11, 1973 Intern country's progress in infrastructure, industry, and trade. PADF, or in direct support of local foundations. 2. Elected Secretary-Treasurer on June 11, 1973 "Social Equity" has been the philosophical force behind Third, we will intensify our efforts to strengthen the re- 3. Resigned on June 11, 1973 Consultants the PADF programs during the past ten years, and the cently formed "Council of American Development Founda- 4. Elected on June 11, 1973 highlights of this report will bear witness that development tions", and encourage it to take a greater responsibility for 5. Resigned from OAS-Ex-officio status Sam Greene is not a factor of economics alone, but rather of the rela- increasing technical and financial resources to the in- 6. Appointed to OAS-Ex-officio status Arnoldo Ramirez-Eva tionship between new opportunities and people. Respond- dividual Latin American National Development Foundations 7. Deceased William M. Blaisdell ing to a poor man's motivation to improve his standard of which forms its membership. living through his own determination to modernize his The Pan American Development Foundation represents community and to participate in the decision-making which a non-political development ideology, dedicated to helping The PADF is a non-profit corporation affiliated with the Organization of American States. It was chartered in affects his own life and that of his family these, indeed, the little man move up through access to otherwise un- Washington, D C. in 1962 and since then has been encouraging private sector leaders in Latin American and Carib- are the basic building blocks of development. Without available credit. With a small staff, with a dedicated Board bean countries to participate in their national development process by organizing and financing autonomous, private them, "GNP growth" is an illusion - and without them a of Trustees and with a singular commitment to its objec- sector, National Development Foundations (NDFs). These NDFs finance, through loans, self-help development projects society cannot truly move forward. tives, the PADF has demonstrated in the National Develop- established by community groups at the village level which these groups regard as essential to their own social and The PADF, through its National Foundation movement, is ment Foundation a successfully innovative approach to economic improvement. The PADF has made or facilitated loans and grants to these foundations in excess of $5 million. successfully establishing just such building blocks, but help achieve the development objective of "social equity". It also manages a material resource program through which over $9 million value in donated tools and equipment, hospi- they must be put in place on a far wider scale. Our success in the future will in large part be measured by tal items and pharmaceuticals have been sent to Latin American educational and health institutions. This problem of reaching the poorest segments of a the degree to which institutions other than ours, accept country with development aid has been of deep interest to and adapt their own programs to this basic concept. The PADF has been classified by the Internal Revenue Service as a Sec.501-C3 tax-exempt organization for the U.S. Congress, which in past years has taken several Federal income tax purposes, and is registered as a Voluntary Agency with the Advisory Committee on Voluntary steps to show its concern. The first was the adoption of Galo Plaza Foreign Aid of the Agency for International Development. "Title IX" to the Foreign Assistance Act, in which the Con- Chairman, Board of Trustees The foundation's policies are established by a Board of Trustees whose members are drawn from public and private life in Latin America, Europe, Canada and the United States. 1 The project itself is not the only program benefit. The 4) Tools for Freedom Program. Under this program process through which the community group identifies a donations of tools of all types are received by the PADF common need, and then acts to resolve it, also provides an and channeled to the NDFs for distribution to technical experience in decision making and financial discipline. schools. This calendar year some $259,726 value of such While philanthropical in broad purpose, the NDF tools were received and distributed. program is not a charity operation. It is rather a commitment of enlightened self interest on the part of the government which grants legal personality, and sometimes 5) Hospital Equipment. $404,764 value of contributed tax benefits to the local foundations; the local business- hospital and dental equipment was distributed through the men whose contributions to the foundation assure its con- NDFs to rural health centers, hospitals, and dental clinics tinuing financial integrity; and the poor whose demands for in NDF countries during 1972. a greater opportunity to share in the progress of their society have heretofore been frustrated. In Latin America, business and government to an ever 6) Operación Niños. $9,646 was contributed, most increasing extent are recognizing the importance of bring- by U. S. school children, to this program. These funds ing marginal consumers into the cash economy. The reali- were distributed largely for the purchase of simple educa- ties of ownership and incentive are not lost on people who tional materials for rural schools in the poorer Latin are otherwise forced to continue a marginal status as American countries. PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT share croppers, tenant farmers, or unemployed urban workers. As such individuals enter their local cash economy, the consumer and producer base is expanded On the occasion of the Tenth Anniversary of the Pan to the benefit of all. 7) PADF Financial. The PADF operated in FY 1972 on American Development Foundation, it is a pleasure for me I am convinced that this approach, which the PADF has a total budget of $268,454 of which $75,000 was re- to make my first report as President of this institution. been instrumental in establishing in Latin America, can be ceived from the Organization of American States and the During the past decade, the PADF has provided en- successfully initiated in other developing areas of the balance from various private contributions as well as a couragement, guidance, and loan funds, to Latin American world where private sector leaders are not content to small amount from NDF interest payments. Normal pro- private sector leaders who converted these and their own leave all development efforts to their government. It is a gram expenses for the year were exceded by substantial resources into credit and technical assistance, so that extra outlays for the cost of specialized Seminars in the New houses under construction in Managua financed by the community groups could plan and finance their own self program which is adaptable to a country's laws and cus- toms, and in the organization and specific objectives of Dominican Republic and Guatemala as well as the imple- Nicaraguan Development Foundation. help projects. This has been accomplished through private of each autonomous foundation it reflects the social, mentation of a $300,000 AID grant and OPIC Program sector, National Development Foundations, through which political and economic realities of the country. supervision. Although ending FY 1972 with a small deficit small direct loans and/or guaranteed bank loans are made we will close the current fiscal year with a modest cash without traditional collateral or guarantees, and at normal balance. 9) The Nicaraguan Development Foundation and commercial bank rates. Under these unusual conditions, Earthquake Relief. A special section of this report details the default rate on over $5 million dollars loaned has been Progress was made in establishing the "Century Club", cooperative efforts in this regard. Briefly, the PADF, in con- less than three percent. Farmers who would not otherwise HIGHLIGHTS OF YEAR 1972 comprised of U.S. corporations which are making contribu- siderable part through the generosity of "The Rolling have had access to credit are now able to purchase seed, tions of $1,000 to the PADF on an annual basis. Stones", has collected some $500,000 which is now in fertilizer and small farm machinery which they must have to process of being channeled to the Nicaraguan Foundation, produce more than they consume. Title to their own land, Highlights of the PADF's operations in the fiscal year FUNDE, for the purpose of constructing low cost housing, clean drinking water, a truck to transport produce to 1972/3 are mentioned briefly below. Further details are 8) Commercial Bank Participation. One of the basic training carpenters, electricians, masons, etc. and making market, low cost housing, a fishing boat, daily credit to found in the body of this report. objectives of the PADF is to encourage private banks to small business loans to aid in the countrys' rehabilitation market vendors, sewing machines, all of these are ex- get involved in this program. We are pleased to report in efforts. amples of community and individual needs met through 1) Formation of the Council of American Develop- this regard the following examples of cooperation: NDF direct loans, or through commercial bank loans guar- ment Foundations "Consejo" In October of 1972, fifteen anteed by the NDFs. National Development Foundation representatives agreed The Bank of America loaned $50,000 to the The excellent repayment record is based upon two fac- to federate and establish a common Secretariat. Alejandro Venezuelan Foundation; The Chase Manhattan Na- Relationship with the Organization of American States. We tors: first, poor people know very well the difference in Grullon of the Dominican Republic was elected President tional Bank in the Dominican Republic, extended continue deeply appreciative of the budgetary and vital cost between normal bank interest which they can only re- of the "Consejo" with headquarters to be located for the some $200,000 in loans to 37 agricultural coopera- administrative and financial support services provided by ceive through the NDF program and that of funds received current time in the Dominican Republic. A working agree- tives, many of whom became credit-worthy through the O.A.S. To encourage a closer working relationship, the from the local money lender. Second, there is the unique na- ment detailing the relationship between the Consejo, the receiving and repaying prior loans made by the Do- special advisory group of O.A.S Council and Secretariat ture of repayment procedure. For example, a community of NDFs and PADF has been drafted and is being reviewed minican Development Foundation; The Philadelphia members under the Chairmanship of Honduras Ambassa- National Bank is making a loan to the Nicaraguan dor to the O.A.S. Tiburcio Carias Castillo, met on various 100 families can borrow $1,300 to install a clean drinking by the NDFs and the PADF. water system and at the rate of two cents per day, per 2) Development Loan Program. Figures currently avail- Foundation under an Export Import Bank guarantee; occasions with the PADF Executive Committee to col- able, indicate the cumulative number and value of NDF and ADELA loaned $100,000 to the Dominican Foun- laborate on general policy guidance. family, can repay the loan in less than two years, including an interest rate as high as 10%. Any economist will see loans through December 31, 1972 amounted to some dation. A number of local banks in NDF countries are this process of "grass roots" capital formation, as reflec- 6,171 loans totalling $5,194,702 dollars, benefitting ap- also making loans to marginal groups stimulated by ting a highly satisfactory cost/benefit ratio. We know of no proximately 443,720 people. the NDF. other community based system in any developing country 3) New Foundations. During the past 12 months, foun- as efficient or as appropriate as this. It directly answers the dations were established in Cali, Colombia, in Costa Rica, credit needs of low income groups, for the projects are TScepton T. Graydon Upton Jamaica, and in Trinidad and Tobago. In some cases these President within the limits both of their understanding and economic are the result of PADF consultative efforts going back over capacity. a period of years. 3 2 Annual Report 1973 ISSUES What differences have the National Devel- CONTENTS opment Foundations made? Report of Chairman of the Board Is a small loan program anything new? Certainly not. Our 1 Presidents Statement experience so far indicates that almost everyone, even 2,3 Issues the poorest farmer in the furthest rural area, is receiving 5,6,7 Nicaragua - Special Report credit, but generally on terms that make us uncomfortable: 10 crops mortgaged before they are planted; borrowing at Geographic Distribution of PADF Programs 12,13 25% interest rate a day by the women of the food markets; Material Resources Program small consumer loans at 15% a month. Tools for Freedom 14 To gain a better understanding of the extent of the "un- Health Services, Operación Ninos and Audio Visual Programs 16, 17, 18 official money market", the Central Bank of Honduras re- Major Contributors to PADF cently required all private lenders to register with it and re- 19 cord their loans. In the first two months over 360 lenders Financial Statement 20,21 registered. Their combined portfolios represented $16 Century Club 22 million dollars, or about 10% of the country's banking sys- Listing of National Development Foundations 23,24 tem and twice as much as the resources of the entire co- operative credit system with some 60,000 members. Userers are, however, fulfilling a need, in that they are providing a credit service which is reaching people, at the time and place it is needed, albeit at a very high cost. While some banks, government and private, have made loans to poor people, they have frequently experienced re- payment difficulties, for they have ignored the reality that N.D.F. loans contribute to upgrading production capability of small the banking system is designed for a different type of farm holdings. Guatemala lending operation and clientele. Credit unions and cooperatives in general are more suc- which she has her own passbook. No one else can touch cessful because they are adapting their organizational her money, and she will have built up a sufficient saving re- needs to the circumstances of the poor, however, they are serve in one year, so as to be entirely independent of any generally limited in their loans to the deposit capacity of lender in the future. their members. Another example: On April 12, 1973, the Chase Man- The NDF approach is closer to the needs and circum- hattan Bank in the Dominican Republic, extended a total of stances of poor people, for it operates with the flexibility of $201,758 in loans to 37 small agricultural associations. the usurer but at commercial interest rates, and serves as These loans to 714 poor "campesino" families repre- an effective spring board into the normal credit system. sented their first direct financial assistance from any bank, An example: It is not uncommon for a market woman in private or governmental. It reflected as well, their success Managua to borrow from money lenders at a rate of 25% a in repayment of earlier loans to the Dominican Develop- day; to borrow $4 in the morning and pay back $5 in the ment Foundation. With cooperation from the Inter- afternoon. Since she has no other working capital re- American Foundation in the form of matching grants, the source, paying such interest is necessary; however, DDF is now able to extend an additional $201,758* to it does represent an annual rate of 9,000%! To change new groups of campesinos to bring them up the credit this situation, the NDF in Nicaragua is now working ladder as well. with a cooperative of 185 market women who had been The loan status tables which follow provide one mea- receiving loans from usurers at 40% a month. The NDF sure in the analysis of the "difference" which the NDF has replaced the usurer and lends at exactly the same program is making, in that the totals represent credit which BELGIC 40% charge. However, all but 1% of this monthly charge is would not otherwise have been available at normal com- deposited in each woman's personal savings account, for mercial interest rates and terms to these people. representatives and guests. PADF Board of Trustees meeting, June 11, 1973, Council Room of the Organization of American States. Also present are N.D.F. The full value of the IAF matching grant to the DDF is $425,000 4 5 Another measure of the "difference" which the pro- gram is making, is seen in an independent field evaluation of NDFs conducted in 1972 by the Auditor General's Of- STATUS OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATIONS fice of the Agency for International Development in which the following analysis appears: REVOLVING LOAN FUND PROGRAM "During our visits, we saw ample evidence of the ca- pacity of the NDF program to assist marginal groups in Cumulative totals as of December 31, 1972 improving the economic and social conditions of their communities and their families. Number of Value of People In the Dominican Republic for example, two groups of NDF Loans Loans US$ Benefitted campesinos (farmers) formed themselves into small Chile 26 97,087 9,002 cooperative agricultural associations under the Colombia (Bogota) 42 250,000 15,000 guidance of the Foundation. These campesinos and Colombia (Cali) 160 70,000 2,100 their families had been living at a minimum consump- Dominican Republic 3,612 2,264,193 247,877 tion level growing vegetables (corn, tomatoes, onions Ecuador (Quito) 106 79,738 14,000 and peppers) which they harvested once a year. None Ecuador (Guayaquil) 1,320 320,000 4,320 of the individuals in these groups had received credit El Salvador 67 55,373 561 before, since they had no assets of sufficient value to Guatemala 317 617,586 48,184 serve as bank collateral. With loans from the Founda- Honduras 231 399,844 79,286 tion, they were able to purchase and install water Mexico 92 708,006 14,000 pumps to irrigate their land, and as a result they are Nicaragua 132 104,568 5,480 now harvesting as many as three crops a year and their Peru 1 70,000 400 families are living under much improved conditions. Venezuela 65 158,307 3,510 Equally important the loans were paid off in a timely manner. Further, we learned that any loans the TOTALS 6,171 $5,194,702 443,720 associations may require in the future will be obtained from commercial sources, because they now have an acceptable credit performance, and additional col- lateral. Cooperative self-help efforts and NDF loans contribute to im- proved housing and community living. Salvador Increasing agricultural production is one goal. Improving marketing conditions however is a vital corollary. NDF loans allow such mar- REVOLVING LOAN FUND PROGRAM GROWTH ket women to escape usurers and to maintain a competitive posi- Another group of rice farmers in the Dominican Re- tion in the market. Nicaragua public had been working sporadically in the rice fields as laborers for daily wages. Under the Foundation's counsel and financial assistance, they joined together and purchased land in which they are planting and harvesting rice collectively. An Indian community of 37 corn farmers in Guatemala formed an agricultural association after contacting a Total Cumulative Amounts field representative of the Penny Foundation (Guate- mala Development Foundation). Prior to this, the mem- bers had attempted without success to obtain bank Year Number Number Value loans for the purchase of fertilizer. The Penny Foun- as of of of of loans dation granted this group a loan for the fertilizer which (December 31) NDFs loans US$ resulted in a substantial increase in their crop yields. 1967 1 100 200,000 In the Juticalpa region in Honduras, a community 1968 5 402 674,679 group of 53 campesinos applied to the Honduran De- 1969 7 1,497 1,374,126 velopment Foundation for a loan to purchase approxi- 1970 11 2,807 2,307,927 mately 150 hectares of land. The Foundation granted 1971 12 3,932 3,868,710 the loan and after the first crops were harvested, they 1972 13 6,171 5,194,702 paid off the loan. They have now obtained credit from a commercial bank for the purchase of two tractors. They used to pay 1/3 of the crop as rent for their land, with a loan from the HDF they are paying 1/8 to own it, and have increased their cash income by 16 times. 6 7 Another group of 26 farmers in the same region re- Which Agencies have made loans, grants or Export-Import Bank-U.S. Government Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) ceived a loan from the Honduran Foundation to pur- guarantees to the PADF-NDF program? chase seeds and tools to enable them to plant corn Technical assistance grants have been extended by and beans. They consistently made small monthly A $125,000 loan was approved for the PADF to fi- the IDB to the PADF for the provision of financial manage- payments and paid off the loan in full. nance purchase of U.S. manufactured equipment which ment consultation to NDFs and to finance a special study While NDF focus on rural areas is the predominant Agency for International Development - U. Govern- will be sold through the Nicaraguan Development Founda- of credit institutions in 5 countries working with poor peo- ment theme of the program, there are some exceptions in tion's revolving loan program. This equipment, mostly ple. The Bank has also made a $100,000 technical assis- which loans are extended to encourage the initiation sewing machines for commercial and home use, as well as tance grant to the Venezuelan Development Foundation of small business ventures and artisan activities. In small industrial machines will help to meet the needs of the and is considering a major sub-loan agreement with the addition, in our field visits, we witnessed some of the Loans and grants totaling in excess of $1,75 million "small shopkeeper" to reestablish himself in "post-earth- Government of the Dominican Republic which will provide benefits of the program in terms of functional applica- dollars have been made by AID through the PADF to the quake" Nicaragua. loan funds for the Dominican Development Foundation. tions, i.e. knowledge of improved seed, fertilizer and NDFs to help them initiate their programs by matching lo- materials which in turn improved family living circum- cal contributions to their revolving loan funds. Through stances. these loans, the PADF has also established its own net Philadelphia National Bank ADELA Development Corporation The NDFs have included in their program loans for worth of approximately $550,000. housing construction and improvement. The Founda- Individual AID Missions in Latin America have also tion in El Salvador is primarily engaged in construction provided NDFs with operational grants. The AID Missions of new housing, and during the past two years has in Guatemala and Ecuador in addition, are now well ad- A $125,000 loan to the PADF under an Export- This private international financing company, based in Import Bank guarantee was approved as a complement to Lima, Peru, extended a 3 year, PADF guaranteed, succeeded in completing 131 houses at an individual vanced in considering loans of $500,000 and $250,000 the above mentioned loan. The PNB is also considering a $100,000 loan to the Dominican Development Founda- cost of less than $1,000. Mortgaging these houses at respectively to NDFs in those countries. $50,000 loan for a housing project sponsored by the Hon- tion. The loan, at current Eurodollar interest rate, has pro- a cost of less than $10 per month has resulted in spe- AID has also provided freight subsidies in excess of duran Development Foundation and a $10,000 loan to the vided the DDF with additional loan capital. cific government interest and support for expanding $250,000 to the PADF through which more than $8.9 Cali Foundation in Colombia for purchase of new voca- this effort to include other areas of El Salvador. Pre- million value in hospital and vocational training equipment tional training equipment. sent plans call for the Foundation's participation in a has been sent to NDFs to help institutions serving poor Canadian Agencies government financed project which will lead to the people. construction of 14,000 new housing units under a five year program. Grants in excess of $65,000 have been made to the The Foundation in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, is also in- Bank of America NDF in the Dominican Republic by the Canadian Interna- volved in the financing and construction of new Overseas Private Investment Corporation tional Development Agency and the Canadian Hunger housing units. This Foundation has also financed the Foundation. Smaller grants from the Canadian Save the operation of a prefabrication plant which is capable of A $50,000 PADF guaranteed, 3 year loan has been Children Foundation have facilitated shipments of agricul- producing housing panels for assembly at the rate of made to the Venezuelan Development Foundation to ex- tural and medical supplies and a mobile health unit toNDFs 3 housing units per day. Serving as a contractor to OPIC for the implementation pand its credit capability for loans to small businessmen. in Caribbean countries including Trinidad and Tobago, Bar- The Foundation in the Dominican Republic has fo- of the Community Credit Guarantee Program, the PADF Additional Bank of America loans and lines of credit have bados, and Jamaica. cused its housing efforts on rehabilitation and with was asked in July 1972 to supervise the program in been extended to NDFs in Nicaragua, the Dominican Re- While PADF membership in the Canadian Association funds made available to it from the National Housing Panama and Colombia in addition to its original 1971 con- of Latin American Studies has stimulated graduate student public, Guatemala and Honduras. Bank has been financing the purchase of cement, tract which covered Honduras and Guatemala. This and faculty interest in research opportunities in the NDF lumber and roofing materials to encourage housing program has so far generated over $550,000 in loans by programs, PADF attendance at, various meetings of the improvement efforts in rural areas." private banks, NDFs and other institutional lenders backed Canadian Association for Latin Almerica has also helped to by the CCGP-U.S. Government guarantees. It is expected encourage Canadian business and commercial interest in that the benefits of this program which requires no outlay International Bank for Reconstruction and Development the PADF and NDF programs. of U.S. funds will soon be extended by the U.S. Congress (World Bank) Is the NDF experience self-serving, is it an and OPIC to other countries in Latin America as well as to other areas of the developing world. The HIVOS Foundation end in itself, or does it represent a methodo- logy which can be greatly expanded? The IBRD is currently studying a loan project for El Salvador in which the Salvadorean Development Founda- Representing the PADF/NDF programs as its Euro- tion would have a major responsibility. This is a project for pean Secretariat, the HIVOS Foundation has been instru- Inter-American Foundation-U.S. Government the preparation of 8,000 housing lots on which low cost mental in encouraging European non-goverment agency Having seen the NDF program emerge as a "model", housing would be constructed on a self-help basis under interest in, and grants to NDFs, and has as well made its the guidance of the Salvadorean Foundation. own direct grant to the Mexican Foundation. it must be understood that it was never intended to serve simply as a "poor man's bank". It is rather a means through Working closely with the PADF program, the IAF has which private sector leaders can begin to respond to the approved grants in excess of $3 million to 7 of the NDFs. legitimate needs of poor people, to make changes in the This represents a significant portion of the total IAF grant "systems" which keep people poor. The two basic sys- program to date and is a clear endorsement of the NDF tems which are the NDF targets are the banks and techni- concept and methodology. The IAF has also financed NDF cal assistance programs of government and voluntary seminars in a continuing effort to help strengthen mana- agencies. gerial and organizational aspects of the program. 9 8 NICARAGUA - A Special Report "With Nicaragua facing the most serious challenge in its $250,000 loan and guarantee from the Export-Import history as a consequence of the December 23, 1972 Bank of the United States Government. The largest single earthquake, the private sector is demonstrating through contribution, $352,000 from the rock musical group, The the Nicaraguan Development Foundation (FUNDE) its Rolling Stones, was presented to PADF Trustees, Senator commitment to participate in the national objective of re- Jacob Javits and Galo Plaza, Secretary General of the building the city and society and directly benefitting the OAS and Chairman of the PADF Board of Trustees, by Mr. less favored groups." Mick Jagger and his wife Bianca Perez Jagger. The next With current and projected resources of approximately largest contribution, $150,000 was raised through a $850,000 dollars generated through the direct efforts of special art auction in New York City, organized by Mrs. the PADF for its rehabilitation program, FUNDE has Catalina Kitty Meyer, under the sponsorship of PADF emerged from the earthquake as the strongest non- Trustee Bradford Morse, Under Secretary General for government development institution in the country. Political & General Assembly Affairs of the United Nations. Two days after the earthquake, which took the lives of The Bank of America distinguished itself as well, in co- three FUNDE staff members and destroyed the office and most of its records, the PADF's Executive Director was in ordinating a fund raising campaign in California under the guidance of Bank of America Vice President, William Bolin, Managua assisting FUNDE to re-establish its program. also a PADF Trustee. Over $35,000 was collected Within a week with assistance of the PADF's architect, a through this effort. prototype wood, pre-fabricated house had been construc- ted, and local carpenters were receiving instruction to en- All grants and loan funds are being directed to the able them to produce two room houses on an assembly- FUNDE revolving loan fund program, which is focused in line basis at a unit cost of $200. three major areas; re-establishment of small business, During the same time, PADF Trustees and staff initiated financing the construction of inexpensive pre-fabricated PADF Trustees, Senator Jacob Javits and Mr. Galo Plaza accepting $352,000 contribution from Mick Jagger on behalf of the Rolling a fund raising campaign in the United States which pro- housing, and providing consultation and loan funds to Stones, to finance Nicaraguan Development Foundation rehabilitation efforts in Managua. duced a total of approximately $600,000 in grants and a marketing cooperatives. *Statement from Nicaraguan Development Foundation NICARAGUAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION Newsletter April 1973. Post Earthquake Loans made from January through June, 1973 Partial view of a 38 family project of 2, 3 and 4 room houses financed by the Nicaraguan Develop- Activity Number of loans Amount ment Foundation for homeless earthquake victims. Small Industry 31 US $36,233 Infrastructure (potable water) 3 8,523 Housing Settlements 1 12,430 Marketing 4 6,457 Prefab housing program 2 18 8,867 TOTAL 57 US $72,510 Total number of loans made 57 Total Amount loaned US $72,510 Number of families benefitted 1,523 Average loan US $ 1,272 Average term 16 months Average Number of Families per loan 28 Average loan per Family $ 45 1. The housing settlement program includes 1 project with 38 families, already completed; another with 50, under construction, was not included as a loan made. 2.A total of 350 prefab housing modules have been produced by carpentry shops financed by FUNDE, totalling US $84,350. The purchase of 18 of these was financed by FUNDE and the balance was either paid for in cash or financed by a bank. 10 11 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND MONETARY VALUE OF NDF/PADF PROGRAM Grants by Operating Loans/Grants Inter-American Loans/Other Tools for Health Operación Total NDF NDFs PADF Foundation Agencies Freedom Services Niños Program México 1 90,968 507,000⁴ - - 172,459 31,439 801,865 Honduras 2 153,127 529,113° 25,000ᵈ 128,404 181,770 10,650 1,028,064 MEXICO Nicaragua 1 53,000 512,500h 250,000° 26,669 102,931 1,185 946,285 Jamaica 1 - - - - - - - RICO Haití - - - - - 37,529 250 37,779 JAMAICA LESSER HON Dominican Republic 1 Caribbean Sea 858,065 471,000 100,000ᵇ 408,322 496,040 23,349 2,357,776 ANTILLES NICARAGUA BAD Barbados - - — - 1,625 63 - 1,688 COSTA RICA VENEZUELA Trinidad & Tobago 1 - 47,676 - 17,875 1,166 - 66,717 COLOMBIA Venezuela 1 - - 50,000ᶜ 415,369 191,950 951 658,270 CUADOR RRA711 Colombia 2 41,782 300,000 10,000ᵈ 1,145,970 873,733 55,486 2,426,971 PERU Ecuador 2 83,148 - - 102,039 370,528 9,386 565,101 SOUTH Perú 1 45,000 - - 492,348 298,974 15,002 851,324 Panama a - - - 2,526 32,517 3,341 38,384 BOLIVIA Costa Rica 1 - I - 2,671 30,831 13,036 46,538 AMERICA El Salvador 1 92,500 625,800 - 270 30,288 3,390 742,248 PARA- CHILI GUAY Guatemala 1 129,804 10,000 - 151,480 229,801 68,907 589,992 ARGENTINA Bolivia 1 - - - 33,896 304,782 2,588 341,266 Paraguay 1 - - - - 32,693 1,750 34,443 URU- GUAY Brazil - - - - I 170,944 24,721 195,665 Uruguay a - I - - 61,843 1,496 63,339 Chile 1 65,671 - - 404,245 1,406,239 19,703 1,895,858 Argentina 1 - - I 202,066 379,862 12,526 594,454 Special OAS Multinational 561,360' Total Programs 20 $1,603,065 $3,003,089 $435,000 $3,535,775 $5,406,943 861,516 $14,284,020 December 31, 1972 ᵃNDF Organizing Committee $ 7,000 granted in 1973 PADELA (loan) 9$ 6,000 granted in 1973 ᶜBank of America (loan) h$10,000 granted in 1973 °Philadelphia National Bank (line of credit) Foundation grants to Inter-American Agricultural Sciences Export-Import Bank (line of credit) Cali 12 13 TOOLS FOR FREEDOM ADVISORY COUNCIL MEMBERS Mr. LLOYD N. ADAMS, JR. Mr. CLYDE A. PAISLEY Financial Service Corporation Atlanta, Georgia Atlanta, Georgia Mr. LAWRENCE H. RUSSELL Mr. BERT W. ANGER Buck Tool Company Nicholson File International Kalamazoo, Michigan Providence, Rhode Island Mr. G.C. TURNER Mr. ANDERSON ASHBURN Westinghouse Electric Corp. American Machinist Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania New York, New York Mr. RICHARD A. WHITNEY Mr. JAMES H. BANKEY Beaufort, South Carolina Questor Corporation Toledo, Ohio Chairman Mr. ROBERT B. BRAVO* Hobart Brothers Company Troy, Ohio Mr. THOMAS A. HUMANN Allis-Chalmers LATIN AMERICAN MEMBERS Milwaukee, Wisconsin Mr. JAMES C. KELLEY Sr. ALBERTO JOSE CARVAJAL American Machine Tool Distributors Association Carvajal and Cía. Washington, D.C. Cali, Colombia Mr. E. J. KRABACHER Sr. EDUARDO DIBOS Cincinnati Milacron Sociedad Químico Industrial Lima, Ltda. Cincinnati, Ohio Lima, Peru MATERIAL RESOURCES PROGRAM Mr. BASILIO LIACURIS Ing. MIGUEL A. GUERRA Porter International Fundación Dominicana de Desarollo Washington, D.C. Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana Mr. ROBERT MORROW Sr. HUGO MANZANILLA Frank Morrow Company Dividendo Voluntario para la Comunidad The PADF's Material Resources Program is comprised TOOLS FOR FREEDOM Providence, Rhode Island Caracas, Venezuela of Tools for Freedom, Health Services, Operación Ninos and the OAS/Audio Visual Program which was added to its responsibilities early in 1972. PROGRAM This program represents an important element of the PADF effort, for it provides a continuing program contact with all NDFs including those which have been unable to The TFF Program, active in 13 Latin American and begin their revolving loan fund. The program responds to Caribbean countries, provided vocational and technical needs identified from within the countries, and insists on training opportunities to students in 200 schools last year. U.S. based TFF Committees, private businesses, in- Among its many accomplishments for 1972, the Tools an equal participation and responsibilities in terms of over- TFF channeled more than $300,000 worth of new surplus dustry and concerned individuals, assist in locating suit- for Freedom Program: all administrative costs and management decisions. tools and machinery during 1972, notwithstanding the able equipment donations. Host country committees of the 1. Shipped power drills, saws, hammers and axes to The Audio Visual contract provides the OAS with a economic recession in the United States, new restrictions NDF's are responsible for the customs clearance, distribu- assist in Nicaraguan earthquake rehabiliation efforts; service through which its impressive array of slides and in tax deductability procedures, and TFF's continued em- tion and maintenance of the equipment, and also for coun- movies on Latin American art and culture are being terpart contributions of funds and equipment from their 2. Assisted other agencies including the Partners of the phasis on equipment quality and suitability. brought to the attention of schools and universities in the Americas & Sister Cities Programs in transporting own local industry. U.S., Canada, and Europe. equipment donations to their program affiliates in Tools for Freedom was conceived as a practical way to Latin America. The total value of the Material Resources program for Ocean freight subsidies are provided by the U.S. calendar year 1972 was $884,648. This includes the help Latin American countries help themselves by offering Agency for International Development for shipments to 3. Participated in the International Machine Tool Show Special OAS Multinational Program through which contri- tools and industrial equipment to young people in these Bolivia, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, in Chicago, Illinois; butions made to the OAS are channeled to its specialized countries who could be trained in various technical occu- Honduras and Peru. Shipments to other countries were 4. Received recognition from the Colombian Govern- programs in Latin America, such as the Kellogg Founda- pations vital to their country's development. "Manpower" made possible by Catholic Relief Services, Standard ment for its "exceptional contribution to the develop- tion's support of the Inter-American Institute of Agricultural development is indeed one key of expanding and diversi- Fruit Steamship Co. and U.S. and Latin American shipping ment of Colombia and the technical education of its Sciences in Costa Rica. fying the economies of these countries. lines. people." 14 15 HEALTH SERVICES OPERACIÓN NIÑOS PROGRAM Locating and sending appropriate equipment is the primary activity of the Health Services' Program. During Operación Ninos ("Ninos" are children), provides the past year, contributions valued at $400,000 in surplus educational and health materials to rural communities and and new hospital equipment and supplies were obtained urban slums in Latin America. Aimed at supplementing and shipped to seven Latin American countries. such services as are available for primary and secondary As good health is a critical factor in "people develop- school-age children, "Operación Ninos" has channeled ment", and consequently national development, the contributions from U.S. school children and friends of chil- Health Services Program has provided health care equip- dren to small community level, self-help projects which ment and materials to hundreds of rural hospitals since the would not otherwise get such help. Program's inception in 1970. Special cooperation has been received from the Ameri- can Hospital Association, American Dental Trade Associa- Operación Ninos grants have been used to build and re- tion, the American Dental Association, the Pharmaceutical pair clinics and schools, to provide teaching aids and edu- Manufacturers Association, Pan American Health Organi- cational materials; and to purchase school furniture and zation, Catholic Relief Services, Direct Relief Foundation even clothing for indigent children. Self-help is a part of and the Partners of the Americas. every Operación Ninos project, whether in the form of Committees of physicians, dentists and public health labor, materials or volunteer services. officials cooperating with the NDFs evaluate local needs and assist in the distribution of pharmaceutical, hospi- tal and dental equipment. A complete intensive care unit now in operation in La Paz. Bolivia The NDFs pay for the costs of crating, warehousing and contributed through the American Hospital Association. in-land transportation of all contributions. HEALTH SERVICES ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chairman: Vice Chairman: DR. JOSE GONZALES MR. JOHN TEETER American Hospital Association Pfizer International Washington, D.C. New York, New York MR. JOHN BRYANT, JR. MR. J. SPENCER HOWELL MR. ALAN RUBIN American Dental Trade Association Wyeth International National Association of the Partners Washington, D.C. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania of the Americas MR. JOSEPH CALITRI MR. DENNIS KARZAG Washington, D.C. Lederle Laboratories Direct Relief Foundation MR. JOSE SERRANO Wayne, New Jersey Santa Barbara, California Parke Davis & Company MR. ALBERTO LAGOMARCINO Detroit, Michigan MR. GERALD DANIEL Merck, Sharp, & Dohme International DR. J. C. SERRATO, JR. UAW/STEP Program Washington, D.C. Rahway, New Jersey Inter-American Council for Medical Assistance, Education & Research MR. EDWARD LANDRETH MR. M. E. DANIELS Columbus, Georgia Sterling Drug Dow Chemical New York, New York MR. FRANK SPRINGER Indianapolis, Indiana Eli Lilly MR. CHARLES LORD DR. CARR DONALD Indianapolis, Indiana E.R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Organization of American States MR. HARRY TOMLINSON New York, New York Washington, D.C. The Upjohn Company MR. W.R. MILLER Kalamazoo, Michigan MISS MARIAN DRISCOLL Bristol Myers MR. ALEX TOWNSEND American Dental Association New York, New York Education becomes a reality to these children in Guayaquil, Ecuador as a result of an Operación Nínos grant which financed the construc- American Foundation for Overseas Blind tion of this school. Chicago, Illinois MR. PETER NOBLE New York, New York DR. NORMAN HOOVER Pharmaceutical Manufacturers DR. CHARLES WILLIAMS American Medical Association Association Pan American Health Organization Chicago, Illinois Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. 16 17 MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS AUDIO VISUAL PROGRAM TO THE PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT PADF makes available through its Audio Visual Program FOUNDATION 1972-73 a collection of slides and films produced by the AUDIO VISUAL unit of the Organization of American States. These materials portray various social, cultural and economic In Addition To Members of the Century Club* characteristics of Latin American and Caribbean countries. During 1972 the Program realized sales of over $20,000 to universities, colleges, libraries, TV educational channels, teachers and individuals throughout the Alcoa Foundation Inter-American Development Bank Americas, Europe and Canada. These materials are particularly useful in school and cultural organization, edu- Allis-Chalmers, Inc. International Crating and Container Corporation cational programs. American Dental Association The Irwin Auger Bit Company Recognition for the quality of these educational materi- als is evident by the awards received for the film, "The American Freedom from Hunger Foundation Kiwanis Club World of the Primitive Painter." These include special hon- The American Fletcher National Bank LIAT Airways orary mention as an art documentary at the Bratislava, Czechoslovakia film festival, and the Golden Eagle award Atalanta Corporation Mathias Klein and Sons, Inc. from the Council on International Nontheatrical Events Baldwin & Whitney, Inc. Frank Morrow Company (CINE). Bemis Company The National Bank of Washington Black and Decker Manufacturing Company Nicholson File International Braniff International Airways Pan American Liaison Committee British West Indian Airways People-to-People Program Canadian Hunger Foundation Galo Plaza Canadian Save the Children Fund Public Welfare Foundation, Inc. Castle & Cooke, Inc. Riggs National Bank Catholic Relief Services Rockefeller Brothers Fund Champion Spark Plug Company Rockwell Manufacturing Company The Citizens & Southern National Bank Rumford Supply and Machinery Company Crocker National Bank Sealand Services, Inc. Judith Chiara Foundation Sellstrom Manufacturing Company Cincinnati Milacron, Inc. Standard Fruit Company Council of the Americas Standard Oil of California Elias Morris Curiel Foundation Technical Equipment Sales Company Dana International Corporation Tinker Foundation Charles Del Mar Foundation True Temper Direct Relief Foundation Unibraze Corporation William H. Donner Foundation Union Bank of California Flomerca Lines United Auto Workers/Step Program Friends of the U.S. and Latin America United California Bank General Mills Foundation Victor Equipment Company W.R. Grace and Company Vollmer Foundation Hobart Brothers Company Richard A. Whitney The C. C. Hobart Foundation Wyman-Gordon Foundation I.B.M. World Trade Corporation Mrs. Shirley Temple Black, narrator of the film "The World of the Primitive Painter," with the artist Jose Antonio Velas- *Contributors to PADFs Century Club appear on page 22. quez, and H.E. Tiburcio Carias-Castillo, Ambassador of Honduras to the OAS. 19 18 PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION, INC. STATEMENT OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES AS OF JUNE 30, 1972 EXPRESSED IN UNITED STATES DOLLARS PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION, INC. ASSETS STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1972 EXPRESSED IN UNITED STATES DOLLARS Current Assets Cash $ 9,545 Tools for Hospital Accounts receivable 24,546 Other Restricted Freedom Program Medical Program Miscellaneous receivables, principally due from employees 2,119 Operation Special Revolving In-Kind In-Kind Accrued interest receivable 20,303 General Ninos Programs Loan Funds Other Other Total Total current assets 56,513 INCREASE: Contributions received $135,308 $38,268 $215,195 $165,000 $240,331 $19,017 $353,953 $21,855 $1,188,927 Non-Current Assets Administrative fees 4,270 6,829 6,074 17,173 Loans to National Development Foundations 869,293 Interest on NDF loans 28,946 28,946 Total assets $925,806 Interest from OAS treasury fund 2,772 2,772 Grants: OPIC contract 33,828 33,828 AID grant for seminars 39,230 39,230 IADB grant for administration 30,000 30,000 274,354 38,268 215,195 165,000 240,331 25,846 353,953 27,929 1,340,876 LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES DECREASE: Contributions granted in-kind 261,675 392,584 654,259 Current Liabilities General operating expenses, net Accounts payable $ 28,012 of reimbursements from AID Interest payable 2,103 for shipping of $58,200 253,454 31,662 201,239 12,283 32,452 531,090 Total current liabilities 30,1115 Administrative grants 15,000 15,000 268,454 31,662 201,239 261,675 12,283 392,584 32,452 1,200,349 Non-Current Liabilities Loan payable 325,000 Net increase (decrease) in fund 355,115 balances during year 5,900 6,606 13,956 165,000 (21,344) 13,563 (38,631) (4,523) 140,527 Total liabilities Fund balances (deficit) at beginning of year 2,970 4,758 386,452 21,344 (25,111) 38,631 1,120 430,164 Fund Balances Fund balances (deficits) at Restricted special purpose funds (deficit) Tools for Freedom Program (11,548) end of year $ 8,870 $11,364 $ 13,956 $551,452 - $(11,548) - $(3,403) $ 570,691 Hospital Medical Program (3,403) Operation Ninos 11,364 Note: The financial statements have been examined by the PADF's independent accountants, whose report thereon is available from the PADF upon request. Other Special Programs 13,956 10,369 Restricted Revolving Loan Funds 551,452 General Fund 8,870 Operating equity 560,322 Total fund balances 570,691 Total liabilities and fund balances $925,806 20 21 CENTURY CLUB MEMBERS AS OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATIONS JULY 1973 Avon Products ARGENTINA CABLES: SALULLOA Bank of America TEL: 23-5735 Fundación Argentina de Desarrollo Becton DicKinson & Co. Maipú 535 Piso 9 President: Mr. Eduardo Salgado Eastman Kodak Company Ford Motor Company Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA Executive Director: Mr. Berlington A. Barnet Much is being said and written about the responsibility Gerber Products Company CABLES: INSTITUTO of the business community in general with respect to its IBM World Trade Corporation TEL: 392-1372 participation in economic development efforts, both in in- International Basic Economy Corporation President: Mr. Luis María Ygartúa ITT Corporation DOMINICAN REPUBLIC dustrialized and in developing countries. The purpose of Executive Director: Mr. Rafael Montenegro the PADF's Century Club is to offer to U.S. and Canadian Loeb, Rhoades & Company Fundación Dominicana de Desarrollo companies with business interests in Latin America, an Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company opportunity to demonstrate their appreciation of that re- Marine Midland Bank BOLIVIA Calle Mercedes #4 sponsibility in the region, by helping to support the PADF Philadelphia National Bank Apartado Postal 857 Fundación Boliviana de Desarrollo program. As of July 1973, twenty-one companies have Schering Corporation Santo Domingo, REPUBLICA DOMINICANA Casilla #221 joined the Century Club, with contributions averaging Sears, Roebuck and Company CABLES: FUNDADOM $1,000 per annum bringing the Club to over 20% of its St. Joe Minerals La Paz, BOLIVIA TEL: 688-8102/3 goal of 100 members. Standard Oil Company of N.J. TEL: 22-271 TELEX: FUNDADO, (346)-0283 The Celanese Corporation President: Mrs. Aída Aguirre de Méndez President: Mr. Marino Auffant The Chase Manhattan Bank Executive Director: Mr. Bolivar Báez Ortiz The Starr Foundation COLOMBIA Union Oil Company of California Fundación Colombiana de Desarrollo Calle 13 # 7-80 Oficina 229 Apartado Aéreo 29853 ECUADOR Bogotá, D.E., COLOMBIA Fundación Ecuatoriana de Desarrollo (NORTH ZONE) CABLES: FUNCOLDE Colón 1120 y J León Mera TEL: 42-1588 Apartado Postal 2529 TELEX: 044602, ROMANOS Quito, ECUADOR President: Mr. Luis Robledo CABLES: FEDED Executive Director: Mr. Enrique A. Dávila de Heredía TEL: 23-7945 President: Mr. Carlos Ponce Fundación Nacional para el Desarrollo Social (FUNDES) Executive Director: Mr. Marco Mejía Gross Apartado Postal 5407 Cali, COLOMBIA Fundación Ecuatoriana de Desarrollo (SOUTH ZONE) TEL: 82-1093, 70-1775 M.J. Rendon 121 y Pichincha President: Mr. Alberto José Carvajal P.O. Box 1155 Executive Director: Ing. Claudio Fernández Guayaquil, ECUADOR CABLES: FEDED CHILE TEL: 30-5290/1 President: Mr. Clemente Yerovi Indaburo Fundación para el Progreso Económico y Social Executive Director: Mr. Daniel Muñoz Ahumada 11 Oficina 614 Casilla 13139 Santiago de Chile, CHILE CABLES: FUPRES EL SALVADOR TEL: 71-1415 Fundación Salvadoreña de Desarrollo y Vivienda Mínima President: Mr. Gregorio Amunátegui 18 Avenida Norte 633 Apartado Postal 421 COSTA RICA TEL: 22-1747/1741 Fundación Costarricense de Desarrollo 21-7207 Edificio Mayo President: Arq. Dagoberto Gavidia Av. Central, Calles la y 3a Executive Director: R.P. Antonio Fernández Ibañez, S.J. Sam Greene, friend of the people, advisor to the Board of Trustees of the PADF, and stimulus to the National Development Foundations. San José, COSTA RICA General Manager: Arq. Alberto Harth Deneke 22 23 GUATEMALA NICARAGUA Fundación del Centavo Fundación Nicaraguense de Desarrollo PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION 6a Avenida 7-19 Zona 9 Apartado Postal 2598 Guatemala City, GUATEMALA Managua, NICARAGUA MILESTONES CABLES: FUNDACEN CABLES: FUNDE TEL: 6-2404 TEL: President: Inq. Adolfo Ríos President: Mr. Leonel Arguello 1963 Foundation operations initiated under auspices of Organization of American States Executive Director: Ing. Rodolfo Martínez Executive Director: Lic. William Báez Sacaza 1964 Operación Ninos launches at ceremony with Mrs. Jose A. Mora, Mrs. Dean Rusk, and Mrs. Thomas Mann 1965 Medical program initiated with cooperation and technical assistance from the Pan American Health Organization PARAGUAY HONDURAS 1966 Merger with Tools for Freedom Foundation Fundación Paraguaya de Desarrollo Fundación Hondureña de Desarrollo First national development foundation inaugurated in the Dominican Republic Ayolas 1453 Apartado 989 Asunción, PARAGUAY 1967 Inter-American Volunteers for Development launched in cooperation with Dominican Development Foundation Av. Paz Barahona CABLES: CASAL-ASUNCION American Hospital Association begins sponsorship of member hospital surplus equipment transfer through PADF to Latin American health facilities (Altos del Almacén La Urbana) TEL: 4-8711 Tegucigalpa, HONDURAS Second national development foundation launched in Colombia President: Prof. Dr. Mario López Escobar CABLES: FUNHDESA Executive Director: Mr. Anibal Raul Casal 1968 Third national development foundation launched, in Ecuador with offices in Quito and Guayaquil TEL: 22-0579 Agency for International Development approves $650,000 loan and grant to PADF to expand program President: Lic. Mr. César Batres PERU Executive Director: Lic. Fernando Montes Fourth national development foundation contract signed in Guatemala Asociación Peruana de Desarrollo First Seminar on National Development Foundations held in Washington, D.C. Fundación Hondureña de Desarrollo c/o Instituto Peruano de Fomento Educativo Apartado 14 Avenida Arenales 371 Piso 5 Fifth national development foundation launched in Chile San Pedro Sula, HONDURAS Lima, PERU PADF Directory of Philanthropic Foundations in Latin America published by Russell Sage Foundation CABLES: CAMARA CABLES: MARMINCO 1969 Sixth national development foundation established, in Nicaragua TEL: 52-0761 TEL: 25-6082 President: Mr. Marco Tulio Ruíz President: Mr. Alfonso Bryce Participated in OAS emergency relief program in Honduras and El Salvador Executive Director: Lic. José Antonio Castellanos Seventh national development foundation started, in Argentina TRINIDAD & TOBAGO Eighth national development foundation chartered, in Mexico The Trinidad and Tobago Community Second Seminar on National Development Foundations held at Wingspread, Racine, Wisconsin and Washington, D.C. JAMAICA Development Foundation Ninth national development foundation launched, in Honduras with branches in Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula Jamaican Development Foundation 17 Chacon Street c/o Social Action Center "Credit for Marginal Groups"-a 5 country study financed by the Inter-American Development Bank completed Port-of-Spain 2 Oliver Road Trinidad, West Indies Tenth national development foundation capitalized, in Venezuela Kingston 8, Jamaica West Indies, JAMAICA TEL: 623-8100/2856 1970 Contract with Overseas Private Investment Corporation to supervise Community Credit Guaranty Program in Guatemala and Honduras CABLES: SOCACT, KINGSTONJA President: Senator Canute E. Spencer TEL: 924-2035/4582 Third Seminar on National Development Foundations held in Washington, D.C., Israel, and Rome, Italy Executive Diector: Rev. Gerard Pantin, C.S.S.P. President: Mr. Ralph Taylor Technical Assistance agreement signed with Division of International Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Israel Executive Director: Rev. Arthur W. Kane, S.J. VENEZUELA Eleventh and twelfth national development foundations established in El Salvador and Bolivia 1971 Fundación Venezolana para el Desarrollo de Actividades Thirteenth and fourteenth national development foundations established in Peru and Paraguay MEXICO Socioeconómicas (FUNDASE) Agency for International Development approves $300,000 grant for PADF to lend to five National Development Foundations Edificio IESA, Av. Occidente Fundación Mexicana de Desarrollo Fourth Annual Seminar on National Development Foundations held in the Dominican Republic Apartado Postal 12500 Ejército Nacional 533 Oficina 602 San Bernardino 1972 Council of American Development Foundations organized at Guatemala Seminar and based in the Dominican Republic México 5, D.F., MEXICO Caracas, VENEZUELA Fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth national development foundations established in Cali, Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Costa Rica TEL: 531-8518 & 545-2965 CABLES: Participated in Nicaraguan post earthquake rehabilitation efforts and raised over $850,000 in contributions and loans for Nicaraguan TELEX: 1772437, BALTEAUDOM TEL: 52-1308/1831 Development Foundation President: Mr. Lorenzo Servitje President: Mr. Marcel Curiel Executive Director: Lic. Arturo Espinosa Program Director: Mr. Eduardo Machado 24 PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION 1725 K STREET N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006 Vol. IX No. 1 April, 1974 PERSONNEL. - Miles Cortez, IBM World Trade Corporation's Manager of Corporate Programs; PADF trustee and active participant in in- ter-American economic and social affairs, announced at the last PADF Executive Commit- tee Meeting that he has received approval from IBM for a leave of absence, and that he will be joining the PADF staff in Washington D.C. as of July 30, 1974. He will be avail- able as a consultant beginning April 1, 1974. Mr. Graydon Upton, President of the PADF, speaking for himself and on behalf of his colleagues of the Board of Trustees, extend- ed the warmest greetings to Mr. Cortez and acknowledged the generosity of IBM in exten- Miles Cortez, Executive Consultant to ding this leave of absence. Mr. Cortez the PADF Board of Trustees. will serve as liaison with the PADF's newly organized counterpart, the Council of Amer- ican Development Foundations. In this he will assist the Council in identifying for the PADF Executive Committee at its Janu- the National Development Foundations new ary 27th, 1974 meeting and by the Execu- sources of technical and financial cooper- tive Committee of the Council on February ation. 9th, 1974 in Guatemala. Rejoining the PADF and his many friends Mr. Alejandro Grullon, President of the and associates related to the Tools for Council, and President of the Banco Popu- Freedom program is Basilio Liacuris. Mr. lar in the Dominican Republic, along with Liacuris takes up his former position as Jorge Landivar, Secretary General of the Director of the Tools for Freedom program, Council, and formerly Executive Director and promises a vigorous campaign through of the Ecuadorean Development Foundation the TFF Advisory Committee to accelerate based in Quito, Ecuador, assured the Trus- the flow of contributed tools and machin- tees of the PADF and the National Develop- ery. Such equipment is shipped to voca- ment Foundation representatives of their tional training schools serving under- commitment and dedication to the leader- privileged youngsters in many Latin Amer- ship responsibilities they have accepted ican countries. for the next two years. The headquarters will be in the Dominican Republic. Also COUNCIL OF AMERICAN FOUNDATIONS. - Contin- serving on the Executive Committee of the uing its efforts to strengthen the newly Council are: Adolfo Ríos - Guatemala; Lo- established Council, the PADF and Council renzo Servitje - Mexico; César Durán Ballén approved a basic working agreement which - Ecuador; Alberto José Carvajal - Colom- establishes as its target the transfer to bia; all Presidents or former Presidents of the Council of PADF responsibilities for their respective National Development Foun- assisting the National Development Founda- dations. tions in obtaining technical and financial assistance. The agreement was ratified by RECENT GRANTS. The recently established of school-room hearing aid laboratories con- Operation Niños grants averaging $300 National Development Foundation in Trini- tributed through the Alexander Graham Bell each have been sent to help finance some dad and Tobago has just announced approv- Association for the Deaf of Washington, D.C. 15 different community educational, social al from the Inter-American Foundation of and health projects for which no other a grant of $190,000. This grant, the 7th Official recognition and appreciation to funding had been available. made by the IAF to a National Development the United States Agency for International Foundation raises the total amount of ap- Development (AID) has been extended by the Among the principal beneficiaries of proved IAF grants to NDF's to approximately PADF for its "freight subsidy" program which Operation Niños' grants during 1973 were $3.5 million dollars. It will be used as a has facilitated shipments of both TFF and the Villa Jones Program in Mexico, the matching seed-capital grant to attract lo- Health Services contributions. The total Berhorst Clinic in Guatemala, a School cal contributions for the expansion of the value of these subsidies provided to the PADF Desk contruction program in Honduras and Foundation's loan guarantee fund. Under during the past 6 years has been more than a variety of rural educational and health the capable guidance of its President, Sen- $250,000. programs in Colombia and Bolivia. ator Canute Spencer and its Executive Di- rector, Father Gerald Pantin, the Trinidad Reporting on 1973 shipments, Ms. Cecilia and Tobago Foundation also announced ap- Crispo, Administrative Assistant, observed proval of a grant from the Barclays Bank that exactly $66,393.57 in such subsidies of $12,000 as well as a $25,000 loan from New vocational training opportunities was utilized by the PADF during the year. the Bank for an agricultural development through Tools for Freedom. program serving unemployed youths. A $250,000 grant from the Kellog Founda- America. While expressing satisfaction tion for the continued expansion and ser- in the accomplishments of the program vices of the Inter-American Institute of during the past year, Mr. Bravo and his Agricultural Sciences program in Costa Rica colleagues agreed with newly appointed Presentation of 30 school benches con- was also announced. This grant, one of a TFF Director Mr. Basilio Liacuris that a structed through the Operation Niños series made by Kellogg to IICA will be spe- greater volume of contributions could and Program, La Paz, Bolivia. cifically directed toward the expansion and would be assured for shipment during 1974. diversification of its agricultural science Among the most recent contributions in library and research facility. 1974 are: three tool grinders, a radial saw and a hand straightening press from OAS/PADF ADVISORY COMMITTEE. -At the re- The Public Welfare Foundation's latest Cincinnati Milacron as well as welding cent joint Executive and OAS/PADF Advi- contribution to the PADF program, a $20,000 equipment from Omark Industries. sory Committee Meeting, Ambassador Mi- grant focused on technical and financial as- guel Solano López of Paraguay was elected sistance for the National Development Founda- Reporting on her recent field trip to Chairman of the Advisory Committee. Also tions in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago was Ecuador and Central America, María del announced were the re-election of the Am- received in January 1974. This grant, subse- Carmen Sarmiento, Assistant to the Direc- bassadors to the OAS from the Dominican quently turned over to the Council of Amer- tor, reported to the Executive Committee Republic, the U.S. and Paraguay who with ican Development Foundations for its admin- the need to strengthen the Material Re- Dr Stuart L. Fischman, professor of oral their colleagues from Honduras and Vene- istration, will allow each of the two new sources Program. Particular emphasis should medicine at the State University of New zuela constitute the five Ambassadorial Caribbean Foundations to strengthen its ad- be placed on tools and machinery for voca- York at Buffalo, shows one of the 50 units representatives on the Committee. Five ministrative capabilities, and to offer con- tional schools. donated by the University for use in rural OAS Secretariat representatives complete tinuing incentives to private sector leaders dental clinics in Ecuador and Colombia. the Committee's membership. for their active financial participation in Health Services Program.-Dr. José González their programs. Chairman of the PADF Helath Services Advi- Operation Niños. In her report to the Ex- AUDIT AVAILABLE. -The Fiscal Year 1973 sory Committee, and Director of the Amer- ecutive Committee, Mrs. Lucy F. McDonough, MATERIAL RESOURCE PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS ican Hospital Association International audit of the PADF has been completed by Coordinator of the Program, indicated a Price Waterhouse and is available for Program, reported a total value of equip- total of $25,551 in contributions during Tools for Freedom Program.-A the February ment contributions during 1973 of $579,277.48 review. Also completed are preparations 1973. Specific recognition was given to 13th, 1974 meeting of the TFF Advisory Com- These supplies were shipped to eight Latin for the second year of the PADF's Century the Pan American Liaison Committee, whose mitee, Mr. Robert Bravo, Chairman of that American and Caribbean countries. Club promotional program which has to special fund-raising events included a Committee announced that the Program had re- date enlisted 32 multinational corpora- most successful Ball in June 1973 which tions, in support of the PADF. ceived contributions of equipment and ma- Of particular importance during 1973 were raised some $5,000 for this effort. chinery valued at $176.448.67 during the contributions from the Buffalo University year 1973, all of which had been shipped Dental School of fifty dental operatories by the PADF to National Development Founda- valued at $30,000. Among the newest con- tion programs in six countries in Latin tributions in 1974 are three complete sets PADF/U.N. RELATIONSHIPS As a reflection of its policy decision to encourage organizations in other parts of the developing world to learn about the National Development Foundation experience, the PADF has initiated a series of U.S. re- lated activities. Among these have been its request for "consultative status" with Adobe blocks contitute the principle the United Nations Economic and Social Coun- building material for rural housing and cil, and a recent consulting assignment for schools in much of Latin America. its Executive Director with the Economic Commission for Africa. The ECOSOC consul- tant status was approved by the UN-NGO CAPITAL MARKET STUDY. -Completing a spe- Division on February 8th, 1974 for ratifica- cial study for the Organization of Ameri- tion by the ECOSOC itself at its June 1974 can States, Norman Goijberg and William meeting. Blaisdell submitted their analysis of how capital market systems in Honduras and the Sy Rotter, Executive Director of the PADF Dominican Republic respond to the needs of participated in the U.N. ECA Conference on poor people in those countries. Mr. Goij- Non-Government Organization Involvement in berg, Program Director for the PADF, vis- Development Programs, in Khartoum, Sudan, ited banking and credit institutions in in late November and early December 1973. both countries as well as government offi- Following this meeting he visited U.N., cials responsible for establishment of voluntary agency and government officials banking legislation. The major conclusion in Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria and Ghana in of the study indicates a basic reliance relation to credit and technical assistance among poor people on informal money len- experiences of non-government organizations ders, since neither government nor pri- in financing community level, self-help vate banking institutions are organized to programs. Follow up responsibility to these enter into the life style and credit needs visits has been accepted by PACT (Private of these primarily rural people. The ma- Agencies Collaborating Together), a consor- jor exceptions are National Development tium of eight non-government organizations, Foundations, and Credit Cooperatives. from which a report on this series of visits Copies of this report will be available can be obtained. through the OAS. NON PROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE PAID PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION WASHINGTON, D.C. PERMIT NO. 42351 1725 K STREET N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006 Galo Plaza, Chairman of the Board T. Graydon Upton, President Sy Rotter, Executive Director HEALTH SERVICES a program of the PAN AMERICAN DEVEL OPMENT FOUN DATION First Shipment... Epidemics "American HospitulAsciati HOW DOES THE PROGRAM WORK? Equipment and supplies are donated to the Health Malnutrition Chilean Embassy Services Program of the PADF by individuals, physi- FOR THE Chilean National Health Service cians, dentists, hospitals and medical supply and drug Inadequate health facilities manufacturing companies in the United States. Associations such as the American Hospital Associa- Unforseen emergencies caused tion, American Dental Association, American Dental Trade Association, American Medical Association and by natural catastrophies The first PADF shipment of hospital equipment to Chile the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association have valued at one million dollars. encouraged member participation. These are some of the problems that affect rural Latin Philadelphia, December, 1966 The Pan American Health Organization assures the America, where assistance is often too late; hospitals are suitability of the equipment. frequently without basics such as incubators, X-ray The NDFs pay the cost of crating and inland transportation in the United States. units, O.R. tables and beds; and where clinics may have U.S. Agency for International Development ocean doctors and nurses but lack supporting instruments and freight subsidies and contributed space by national supplies. The need to find supplemental health resources steamship lines enable shipment of the equipment at has never been greater. no further cost. National Development Foundations, locally-funded pri- Among U.S. Voluntary Agencies cooperating in the vate sector institutions affiliated with the PADF are identification and shipment of donated equipment are Catholic Relief Services, Direct Relief Founda- actively working to accomplish this objective. Commit- tion, National Association of the Partners of the tees of physicians, dentists and public health officials Americas and Sisters Cities Program. cooperating with the NDFs are evaluating local needs The Inter-American Relief Committee of the Organi- and distributing pharmaceuticals and hospital and dental zation of American States and other organizations equipment, donated through the PADF. and agencies participate in the coordination of emergency relief operations. Dr. Misael Pastrana Borrero, President of Colombia praising the Colombian Development Foundation for its significant contribution to improving health services. Bogotá, September 17, 1970 HEALTH SERVICES ADVISORY COMMITTEE Galo Plaza, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Pan American Development Foundation Honorary Chairman of Health Services Advisory Committee Jose Gonzalez, M.D., Chairman American Hospital Association John Teeter, Vice Chairman Pfizer International John Bryant, Jr., American Dental Trade Association Joseph Calitri, Lederle Laboratories Gerald Daniel, UAW/STEP Program M.E. Daniels, Dow Chemical Carr Donald, Organization of American States Marian Driscoll, American Dental Association Norman Hoover, M.D., American Medical Association J. Spencer Howell, Wyeth International Dennis Karzag, Direct Relief Foundation Alberto Lagomarcino, Merck, Sharp & Dohme Inter- national Edward Landreth, Sterling Drug Charles Lord, E.R. Squibb & Sons Inc. W.R. Miller, Bristol Myers Peter Noble, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Alan Rubin, National Association of the Partners of the Over 40% of the population in Latin America is under Americas Jose Serrano, Parke, Davis & Company 15 years of age. Good health is a critical factor in the J.C. Serrato, Jr., M.D., Inter-American Council for contribution they will make to national development. Medical Assistance, Education and Research Frank Springer, Eli Lilly Harry Tomlinson, The UpJohn Company Alex Townsend, American Foundation for Overseas All contributions to the Program are tax deductible Blind under section 501 (c) (3) paragraphs i to vi of section Charles Williams, M.D. Pan American Health Organization 170 (b) (1) (A) of the Internal Revenue Code. PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION 19th & CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006 Opention PAN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION A PROBLEM HOW IT WORKS AN OPERATION NIÑOS PROJECT IS There are almost 95 million primary and Operation Niños channels funds from -an almost forgotten orphanage in a remote secondary school-age children in Latin America private sector resources in the United States to mountainous region of Argentina which today. 45 per cent of them do not go to school. small community level self-help projects which requires funds to repair its roof and heating Others attend such poorly equipped and staffed do not fit into the scope of government or system. schools that the education they receive is hardly other program efforts. It works with local worth the time and effort spent. Many children private sector organizations throughout Latin --a clinic in Guatemala which helps prevent as live in areas where drinking water is not clean, America which locate worthwhile projects and well as cure disease by training people in sanitation facilities do not exist, diseases of all provide continuing encouragement for self-help nutrition and sanitation, in addition to caring kinds are rampant, and clinics and hospitals are efforts. for the sick and injured inaccessible. --an educational rehabilitation program for victims of the devastating earthquake in Peru or floods in Nicaragua -a vocational training school which teaches useful skills to young boys who have to learn to earn a living -the rebuilding of a school destroyed by a hurricane on the southern coast of the Dominican Republic --adding more rooms to an overcrowded school in a Colombian city slum AN OPPORTUNITY Operation Niños ("niños" are "children") brings the opportunity of education and health services to rural communities and urban slums in Latin America. It makes it possible for the children and parents faced with this grim reality to do something positive about their situation. And Operation Niños is an opportunity for you to help them. HOW YOU CAN PARTICIPATE --contact the Pan American Development Foundation for more information about projects and for assistance in fund-raising --no formal arrangements are necessary -indicate if you are interested in a particular country or project and if you would like to correspond with the recipient of your donation -send your contribution to the Operation Niños program of the Pan American Development Foundation Contributions are U.S. Income Tax Deductible A program of the: Pan American Development Foundation 19th and Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 FRONT LINES Agency for International Development Washington, D. C. the 'front lines' of the long twilight Vol. 11, No. 1 struggle for freedom John F. Kennedy November 9, 1972 Thoughts for a Penny Lift Hopes, Incomes Of Latin Nations' Poor By Karen J. Leventhal Samuel Greene's faith in a poor man's willingness to pay pennies a day to help himself has assisted more than 50,000 victims of poverty in Guatemala, in addition to thousands of other less fortunate peoples throughout Central and South America. Mr. Greene, now 80, retired 12 years ago to live in Guatemala after working 50 years in Montclair, N.J., assisting small businesses that were in financial trouble. "After I moved to Guatemala, I spent a year going up and down the country by jeep, on horseback, muleback and by foot. I found Indians in the highlands living a life of quiet desperation, without hope. I remembered an old Hindu saying: 'He who offers hope and does not fulfill, he is the worse sinner.' I felt as an American I had to do something about it." Mr. Greene, a graduate of New York University and Fordham Law School, had never been involved in social work. He felt he had to draw up some guidelines if he was to be of any real help to the Indians. "I made up rules for myself," he said. "One, I would not Photo by Clyde McNair SAMUEL GREENE go out looking for projects. The could get a Penny Foundation loan ganization for two years, until people had to create a hope of approximately $1,800 to pipe Mr. Greene received a grant of among themselves that they could potable water from a place locat- $26,000 from the Inter-American improve themselves. Two, I would ed nearly two miles up in the Development Bank to institution- give them what they wanted, not mountains. alize and set up an office. what I thought they should have. The loan was granted by the Another grant was received If they wanted electricity and I foundation and the pipeline was from the Council of the Ameri- thought they should have water, built. Each family of the commu- cas for the first several years for they got electricity. Who was I to nity pays less than a penny a day, a helper to assist Mr. Greene in his change it? Three, they had to pay 25 cents a month, for drinking development efforts for the Indians for everything they got-repay- water. This is less than what it in the highlands of Guatemala. ment on the loan, the cost of ad- would have cost them for doctors ministration, interest on the and medicine to save the children. "El Hawaii" money. Four, the Guatemalan Speech Prompts Action Another example of the type private sector should put up the of community effort Mr. Greene original capital. Projects like this came about as fostered is "El Hawaii", a deep- "There were only two criteria a result of a speech Mr. Greene sea fishing cooperative on the for success: Did they want these made at the Rotary Club in Gua- southern coast of Guatemela. Liv- things? Would they pay temala City in 1961. It was then he ing hand-to-mouth with no mea- Out of these guidelines evolved announced the formation of the surable income in conventional his "penny" plan for self-help and Fundación del Centavo (the Penny terms, this community of 60 fami- the Penny Foundation. Basically, it Foundation). Following that, it lies - 350 people - had been is the idea of community effort, took about a year of hard work, with individuals contributing their door to door, to raise enough com- labor and a few cents a day. mitments to get started. (Continued on page 2) "The Penny Foundation started 45 Children Die when I had $10,000 from private Mr. Greene cites as an example individuals and businesses in an Indian village near Pujujil in commitments and cash. I think Sololá, Guatemala, where, because I got some contributions because of the absence of drinking water they wanted to get this crazy old during 12 months in 1969 and gringo off their back!" said Mr. 1970, 45 children died of typhoid Greene. fever. The community constructed In June, 1963, the foundation A young Ecuadoran villager a cemetery to bury the dead chil- was legally established. The Gua- carries brick for a school. dren and decided this must not temalan press began writing Funds were provided through happen again. They sent the only about it. Word of it was passed the National Development on by priests, nuns, Peace Corps Foundation of Ecuador. three persons able to speak Span- ish to the National Indian Insti- workers, missionaries and others. tute in Guatemala to see if they The foundation was a one-man or- Page 2 FRONT LINES November 9, 1972 SAM GREENE'S 'PENNY' PLAN Firm Foundation for Self-Help catching shrimp and small fish AID Involvement save expenses on medicines and The Penny Foundation, the best in a natural canal, but the waters When Mr. Greene went to the doctors that come from bad water. known non-governmental credit were polluted because of the use Dominican Republic as a consult- "If they pay three or four cents agency in Guatemala, is incorpo- of insecticide sprayed by air- ant for PADF in 1966, a chain a day for light bulbs and electrici- rated as a non-political, secular, planes over a nearby cotton farm of events was set in motion that ty, this is less than they pay for non-profit institution for philan- and the fishing was getting worse eventually involved AID. The candles, which is the most expen- thropic purposes. It is involved in every day. PADF agreed to encourage pri- sive form of illumination. vate sector leaders to follow the all community improvements - The community had been given "If they finance a consumer model of the Penny Foundation, water, latrines, elinics, schools, a plywood boat by the Guatema- cooperative they pay back capital lan Ministry of Agriculture and an giving local sector leaders respon- from savings and buying cheaper." secondary roads, housing, trac- outboard motor was lent to them sibility to help development pro- tors, trucks - everything for a grams. PADF incentive was its Piglet Project by the Peace Corps. They were only rural population. able to use the small boat for a ability to match local private sec- Here is how one group was as- Two Philosophies month during the summer of 1971, tor contributions on a one to one sisted: and were not able to use it after basis. In the Dominican Republic, de- Two ideas comprise the philos- that time because of heavy winds This brought AID in. Loans and mand for pork is strong and pigs ophy of the Penny Foundation. and because it was seriously dam- grants totaling $1.75 million have are relatively easy and inexpen- One is that people will work for aged by a shark. The boat was been made to PADF since 1967. sive to breed and develop. Loans and pay for what they get. also inappropriate for fishing in Ninety-two percent of this amount between $100 and $200 from the The second is extending credit open waters. has been channeled by PADF to Dominican Republic National De- for groups outside the cash econ- El Hawaii, staking its future the National Development Founda- velopment Foundation were made omy on moral repayment obli- on the establishment of a deep-sea tion (NDF) on the matching formula basis. Eight percent of to a destitute community living gation-no collateral. fishing cooperative, requested a near San Francisco de Macoris, to the total AID commitment has fi- Mr. Greene is presently work- $40,000 loan from the Penny Foun- purchase piglets which cost about nanced a series of inter-American ing on a plan to use the Penny dation, to be repaid in four years $15 apiece. The piglets are sold seminars on National Develop- Foundation philosophy among by the community through an im- about three-quarters grown in ap- proved income from a more prof- ment Foundation programs, held North American Indians and per- proximately six to eight months in Latin America and the United haps country laborers who work itable fishing operation. Each time. family repays $2.50 a week on the States, encouraging the profes- as sharecroppers in the Southern sionalization of the NDF program The estimated cost during the United States. loan. and to introduce the NDFs to fattening process is about $5 per Fishing Boat other agencies in the United animal. The selling price of the Founder Honored States, Europe and Canada for ad- fattened pigs is $60 each. Minus In recognition of his efforts in The community sought to buy ditional technical assistance and the $20 cost for purchase and feed, developing the Penny Foundation a 31-foot boat for shark fishing, financing opportunities. the $40 profit per pig enabled the concept, Mr. Greene was decorat- a small boat for regular fishing The Guatemala Mission also has cooperative members to achieve a ed by the Government of Guate- and shrimp, a processing and freezing plant plus all the fishing made direct grants and loans to relative financial independence mala in 1967, with the Orden del equipment, and a truck to deliver the Penny Foundation. Since 1970, hitherto unknown. Each family Quetzal and just recently, he re- $125,000 in grant funds has been unit pays 25 cents a week to repay ceived the Orden del Christophe de their products into Guatemala allotted to the foundation to help the loan. Columbo from the Dominican Re- A Colombian villager welds City. in providing development assist- public for his assistance to that a mattock to help build a com- With assistance from the Penny Multiplier Effect ance to the Guatemalan Indians. country's successful foundation. munity center. The National Foundation, in addition to a $1,000 The foundation also has re- A considerable multiplier effect He has also received the Lane Development Foundation of loan for a consumer cooperative, ceived indirect funding through a occurs even after the loan is paid Bryant International Volunteer Colombia assisted. the community of El Hawaii be- subloan of $200,000 from the off because capital is accumulat- Award, the first one for an lieves this fishing project has ad- National Agriculture Development ed in the way of not only money U.S. citizen doing volunteer work vanced them 50 years. but sows which continue to pro- outside the United States. Bank in Guatemala under the cur- In March, 1966, Mr. Greene was rent AID rural development loan duce future income for these poor In commenting on Sam Greene's invited by the Dominican Republic of $23 million appropriated to people in the way of pigs for work in the development field, Sy to help establish a development the Government of Guatemala in market. These borrowers, as a re- Rotter, PADF Executive Director, foundation with a similar philoso- July, 1970. sult of having more sows and said: phy of the Fundación del Centavo. pigs than before to produce a AID Task Force "The beauty of the whole thing In this way, the idea continued to greater number of market animals is this unsophisticated man who spread and there are now 19 na- In addition, AID/Washington were not obliged to request fur- looked at a problem and defined tional development foundations in has recently established a task ther help from the NDF. a solution in an equally unso- 17 countries of Central and South force at the request of PADF to "The judgment why we are suc- phisticated manner that appeals to America and the Caribbean, all study ways of making addition- cessful in repayment is the mys- people and easily understood by outgrowths of Mr. Greene's idea. al loan funds for the general tique that builds up of a collective layman and professional men alike. Mr. Greene bowed out of his NDF program. force that makes one man press "He took a problem that other managing responsibilities with the More than $4 million in loans on the other to live up to his men see with such complexity they Fundación del Centavo in Guate- has been made to community obligation, for the people of the mala in 1968. groups by 12 of the 19 founda- can't move. Without any degrees group are born, live and die in in economics or political science "I brought the foundation and tions involved in financial pro- the same community," said Mr. its work so far, but I felt no North grams. Most of these follow Mr. which seem to be the calling Greene. He noted that there is cards of most development profes- American should be managing it. I Greene's belief that community moral assurance within a cohesive sionals, he simply established the am now on the Board of Directors development problems are basi- group. If one family neglects to of the foundation." Mr. Greene is cally unsophisticated and demand fact that if you are going to pay, other people in the unit put work with poor people and help also presently an advisor to the unsophisticated solutions. pressure on and can exclude the them develop within their own Board of Trustees of the Pan Mr. Greene noted: family from the benefits of de- capacity and desires, what you of- American Development Founda- "One must always bear in mind velopment assistance in their fer them should be simple." tion. that taking the low economic level community. The total unit will The Pan American Development at which these people are at, in cover a family's payment if there Mr. Greene loves aphorisms, Foundation (PADF), established most cases the amount they pay is a valid reason for their not he calls them the "poetry of in 1963, originally functioned as in loans as a capital investment being able to pay. For example, prose". He has one that sums up a resource for small gifts that merely replaces an existing ex- if a husband dies and his wife his work in Guatemala with no were being made to further ef- pense." and children cannot pay, the com- further explanation necessary: forts of the Alliance for Progress. munity absorbs the difference as you don't have faith in man- In 1965, the activities of the Pen- To illustrate: part of their solidarity and com- kind, you don't belong in the de- ny Foundation became known to "If they have good water for velopment business." PADF. which they paid for the pipe, they munity spirit.