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        "President (1974-1977 : Ford). Presidential Clemency Board. 9/16/1974-9/15/1975"
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    "ocrText": "The original documents are located in Box 3, folder \"Employment Applicants\" of the\nCharles E. Goodell Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nCopyright Notice\nThe copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of\nphotocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Charles Goodell donated to the United\nStates of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.\nWorks prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public\ndomain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to\nremain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid\ncopyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nDigitized from Box 3 of the Charles E. Goodell Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library\nAIDA CASANAS O'CONNOR\nATTORNEY\nTwo World Trade Center\nNew York, New York, 10047\nTel. 488-7074\nRESUME\nSUMMARY:\nA woman lawyer with vast experience in both North\nAmerican and Latin American laws. Can read and write English\nand Spanish fluently and has working knowledge of French.\nMarried, three children.\nEDUCATION:\nMaster of Laws (LLM), George Washington University,\nWashington, D. C.\nBachelor of Laws (LLB), University of Puerto Rico.\nBachelor of Arts (BA), University of Puerto Rico.\nOne year graduate courses (Law) at Catholic University\nof America, in Washington, D. C. As a candidate for\nthe J.S.D. Degree, wrote a dissertation which was based\non a comparative study of the New York and Puerto Rican\nWorkmen's Compensation Laws.\nCompleted courses in Business Administration at R.C.C.\nSuffern, New York.\nBAR MEMBERSHIP:\n1. Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.\n2. Bar of the State of New York.\n3. U. S. District Court of Puerto Rico.\n4. Supreme Court of the United States.\n5. U. S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.\nFORD & LIBRARY GERALD\nBAR ASSOCIATION MEMBERSHIP:\n1. American Bar Association.\n2. Federal Bar Association.\n-2-\n3. Puerto Rico Bar Association\n4. New York County Lawyers Association\nEXPERIENCE:\nSeptember 16, 1974\nMEMBER, PRESIDENTIAL CLEMENCY BOARD\nto date\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20500\n(Presidential Appointment)\nAs a member of the Board I examined cases of persons who\napplied for Executive Clemency and who (i) had been con-\nvicted of violating certain sections of the Military\nSelective Service Act, or rules and regulations promulgated\nthereunder, for draft evasion acts committed in the time\nperiod of the Vietnam War or (ii) have received punitive\nor undesirable discharges as a consequence of an AWOL or\nAWOL related offense during the same time period, or are\nserving sentences of confinement for such violations. The\nBoard makes recommendations and findings to the President\nas to whether he should grant Executive Clemency, condition\nit upon a period of alternative service, or deny it in any\ncase.\nJuly 1, 1974\nMEMBER, NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE\nto\nOBSERVANCE OF WORLD POPULATION YEAR,\nJune 30, 1975\nDEPARTMENT OF STATE, WASHINGTON, D.C.\n20520 (Presidential Appointment)\nThe purpose of the Commission was to promote in the United\nStates of 1974 as World Population Year. Our task was to\ncreate within the United States a better understanding of\nthe causes, nature, scope and consequences of the problem\nof population growth both national and international, and the\nrelationship of the problem to the quality of human life.\nI served on two committees of the Commission, namely:\n(i) Education, and (ii) The Committee for Relations with\nProfessional Organizations. The Commission had two basic\nfunctions. One was to assist various groups in planning\ntheir own events in observance of World Population Year.\nThe other was to hold regional conferences on population\nand hunger in Washington, D.C. and around the country. The\nCommission participated in the H.E.W. Conference on Population\nand Education in March, 1975 and in Media Month in April, 1975.\nI also participated in the Commission's Report to the President\nin June, 1975.\n- 3 -\n1959\nNEW YORK STATE DIVISION OF HOUSING AND\nto\nCOMMUNITY RENEWAL, NEW YORK CITY, NEW\ndate\nYORK, (Assistant Counsel)\nGeneral Duties: Review, approve and render advice on\nlegal aspects of all regulations, documents and other matters\nregarding organization, development, operation and management\nof municipal public housing and urban renewal programs, limited-\nprofit and limited-dividend housing company operations, Capi-\ntal Grant Low Rent Assistance and Non-Profit Housing Corpora-\ntion Assistance programs, State Financial assistance under\nNeighborhood Parks Program, etc.; examine and approve applica-\ntions for financial assistance, loan and subsidy contracts,\nproposed leases, permits, licenses and similar documents. Re-\nview resolutions and minutes of Housing Authorities, audits\nof operations and appointments of Authority members to insure\ncompliance with law, advice Authorities on legal matters,\nadvice Commissioner of Housing in regard to pending Federal\nand State legislation, pending litigation involving Housing\nAuthorities and projects, taxpayers suits against State offi-\ncials and discriminatory housing practices, as well as such\nunique and sensitive problems as housing for United States per-\nsonnel.\nAnalyze and evaluate specific cases involving discrimin-\nation against minority groups under various public housing\nprograms, as well as in rental or lease of accommodations in\nmultiple dwellings to persons receiving financial assistance\nor support from the State or its political subdivisions. Re-\nview and supervise public hearings on application for rent\nincreases, supervise conduct of eviction hearings involving\ntenants and premises under above programs; advice both\nCommissioner and Counsel on Landlord and Tenant Condemnation\nand Rent Control matters, interpretation of building contracts,\nplans and specifications under dispute, application of FHA\nMortgage Insurance to low and middle-income rental and cooper-\native housing, liability for employee accidents in State-\nassisted programs and projects, housing rehabilitation incen-\ntives and conflict of interest problems, etc.\n- 4 -\nConduct extensive legal research, prepare legal\nmemoranda and handle related legal work regarding assess-\nments and taxation, contracts, competitive bidding, overall\nsupervision of public housing authorities, limited-dividend\nand limited-profit housing companies and a host of related\nlegal problems; supervise Senior Attorneys in full range of\nassociated litigation, render legal opinions and advice to\nCommissioner, Counsel, Housing Authorities and various Bureaus\nin regard to their powers and duties, allied questions of pre-\ncedent and procedure. Advice all concerned parties on inter-\npretation and enforcement of State Building Construction Code\nand conduct of associated hearings, temporary financing of\nHousing Authority developments from private sources and draft-\ning of legislative proposals. (From 1962 to present time\nthese duties have been diversified due to appointment of new\npersonnel. Tasks at present tiem deal primarily with the\nlegal problems pertaining to the establishment and operation\nof housing authorities.)\nWORKMEN'S COMPENSATION BOARD, SAN JUAN, P. R.\n(Deputy Counsel)\nIn full charge of DEATH CLAIMS under WORKMEN'S COM-\nPENSATION BOARD, personally reviewed and determined eligibility\nof each claim for compensation, additionally supervising and\nreviewing correctness of decisions regarding ACCIDENT CLAIMS;\nsupervise both Legal Bureau attorneys and Claims Department\npersonnel in varying numbers as warranted by fluctuating case\nload. Continued in duties of TRIAL COUNSEL dealing extensively\nin subrogation cases involving negligence on part of third\nparties. Throughout this period, tried literally hundred of\nmajor cases before the Industrial Commission, represented the\nFund on appeal before the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico in\nabout forty key cases; appeared before local courts in prose-\ncution of violations of Workmen's Compensation Act, third\nparty actions for damages and tutorship proceedings, as well\nas before U. S. District Court in bankruptcy proceedings to\nrecover unpaid premiums. Studied and analyzed specific claims\nfor compensation, prepared formal opinions for signature of\nthe Administrator.\nPRIVATE PRACTICE:\nAssociated with Dr. Florencio Pagan Cruz in private\npractice of law. Advised clients on full range of matters per-\ntaining to contracts, wills, real property, taxed and domestic\n- 5 -\nrelations, legal aspects of such commercial entities as\ncorporations and partnerships, wide variety of other legal\nproblems including Penal Law, conducted and participated in\nnegotiations, drafted case briefs, memoranda and general\nlegal documents of all kinds. At this time developed and\npresented a full course of specialized instruction in LABOR\nPROBLEMS at the University of Puerto Rico, additionally ser-\nved as EDITOR of the Law Review published by the University's\nCollege of Law.\nImmediately after above employment, and before appoint-\nment to the New York State Division of Housing and Community\nRenewal, was engaged in private practice of law with the firm\nof HARLOWE & O'CONNOR, at 291 Broadway, New York City. Active\nin civil and criminal cases.\nFEDERAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, Washington D. C.\n(Attorney)\nConducted exhaustive research into interpretation of\nlaws, court decisions, Executive Orders, rules and regulations,\npresented detailed memoranda on specific problems to concerned\nauthorities; reviewed and commented on various aspects of pro-\nposed and existing legislation, regulations, policy releases\nand business instruments, prepared digests of laws, Attorney\nGeneral's opinions, provisions of State Constitutions, etc.\nEvaluated feasibility of criminal prosecution for violation\nof Social Security Act and related statutes.\nNATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Washington D. C.\n(As Counsel to Board)\nAnalyzed and studied transcripts of hearings held before\nBoard and Trial Examiners in union representation cases, wrote\nformal decisions appearing in Board's records, prepared wide\nvariety of detailed factual and legal memoranda, as well as\ndrafts and opinions for consideration by the Board.\nMISCELANEOUS ACTIVITIES:\nA. MEMBERSHIP:\n1. Ex-member Board of Directors of the Puerto Rico\nCapital Corporation.\n2. President, Ocaida Corporation.\n- 6 -\n3. Kappa Beta Pi Legal Sorority.\n4. Instituto de Puerto Rico.\n5. Citizens Committee for Equal Rights.\n6. French Institute.\n7. Young Women Christian Association.\n8. Comite Pro Ninos Lisiados (Crippled Children).\n9. P. R. Free Shoe Fund.\n10. Comite Pro-fiesta de San Juan Bautista.\n11. Member of the Attorney General's Committee\nfor the Prevention of Frauds.\n12. Coordinator of Spanish-American Women for\nGood Government.\n13. Member of P. R. Association of Women Voters, Inc.\n14. Honorary Member of Puerto Rico Merchants\nAssociation, Inc.\n15. General Advisor to local Puerto Ricans on\nhousing and legal rights. (Speak every Sunday\non related subjects over the radio).\nPOLITICAL ACTIVITIES:\n1. Worked during Governor Rockefeller's campaigns.\n2. Worked with Mrs. Preston Davie on the Advisory\nCommittee for Greater New York during the 1960\npresidential campaign.\n3. Worked with the Puerto Rican Committee for\nNixon-Lodge with Mr. Rodman Rockefeller who was the\ncoordinator of this group. I was one of the\nspeakers and also assisted with Public Relations\n(1960)\n4. Represented the Puerto Rican community as part of\nNationalities for Nixon-Lodge Committee in Wash-\nington D. C. (1960)\n5. Member of Mr. Bernard Newman's Committee of 100\n(1961)\n6. Have been appointed Deputy Attorney-General of the\nState of New York during several electoral campaigns.\n7. Was active in the 1960 Congressional Campaign\nin Reading, Pa., where I spoke to the local Puerto\nRican Community on behalf of Mr. J. Mantis, the\nRepublican Congressional candidate.\n8. Worked with United Citizens Committee of Lefkowitz,\nFino & Gilhooley (1961).\n9. Republican Candidate to 74th Assembly District, 1965.\n10. Worked for the candidacy of Bernard Newman for the\nSupreme Court Judgeship.\n11. Worked during all Congressman Lindsay's Congress-\nional campaigns.\n12. Ex-member of the Young Republican Women's Club.\n13. Chairman, Spanish-American Women's Committee for\nNixon-Agnew - 1972.\n14. Member, National Spanish-American Committee for\nthe Reelection of the President - 1972.\nFORD & GERALD LIBRARY\n15. Worked with the Spanish-American Committee for\nthe Election of Senator James Buckley.\nNATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION\nPresidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet\nWITHDRAWAL ID 02002\nREASON FOR WITHDRAWAL\nDonor restriction\nTYPE OF MATERIAL\nPersonnel Form\nCREATOR'S NAME\nRobert Knisely\nDESCRIPTION\nSF171\nCREATION DATE\n09/1975?\nCOLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID\n019300027\nCOLLECTION TITLE\nCharles Goodell Papers\nBOX NUMBER\n3\nFOLDER TITLE\nEmployment Applicants\nDATE WITHDRAWN\n11/20/1990\nWITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST\nWHM\n17 September 1974\nHon. Charles E. Goodell\n12 Elm Rock Road\nBronxville, NY 10708\nDear Mr. Goodell;\nMay I extend my congratulations on your selection to chair\nPresident Ford's Clemency Review Board.\nI know that with appropriate regard for the historical background\nof American amnesties, with awareness of political realities, and\nwith full understanding of the President's charge, you will move\nquickly and decisively to resolve the pressing problems facing\nthe Board.\nIf there is any way in which I can be of assistance to you in your\nmonumental task--as an unpaid consultant or as a staff member-- I\nam at your disposal. For references as to my qualifications, I\nsuggest you contact:\nDr. Theodore W. Marrs, Special Assistant to President Ford\nDr. M. Richard Rose, President, Alfred University.\nWith highest esteem,\nW.D Ebel\nWilfred Ebel\n2475 Virginia Ave NW\nWashington, DC 20037\nFORD is LIBRARY GERALD\nWilfred L. Ebel\nWilfred L. Ebel was sworn in as a member of the Defense Manpower\nCommission on 4 Sep 1974. From Nov 1973 through Aug 1974 he served\nwith the Guard/Reserve Total Force Study Group in the Office,\nSecretary of Defense. In Dec 1973 he was tasked to visit the Min-\nistry of Defense, Federal Republic of Germany in connection with\nthe NATO Rationalization/Specialization programs. He served a\nspecial tour with the Reserve Forces Policy Board in the Office,\nSecretary of Defense from July through October 1973.\nA graduate of the Army War College, he was one of four Army Reserve\nofficers selected to attend the 10 month Resident Class in 1972-73.\nHe graduated from the Army Command and General Staff College in 1968;\nother military schools completed include the Industrial College of\nthe Armed Forces non-resident program. A native of Falls City, NE,\nhe attended Midland College (NE) and UCLA studying liberal arts and\nbusiness administration.\nFrom Jul 1971 to Jul 1972 he worked with the Republican Party in\nCalifornia and concurrently held the Army Reserve assignment of\nAssistant Chief of Staff, G-1, 63d Army Reserve Command. During this\nperiod he participated in the Republican National Committee Western\nStates Seminar, the Army National Strategy Seminar and the Army\nWorld-Wide Information Officers Conference. Mr. Ebel served on\nactive duty as a member of the Army Staff from Jul 1967 to Jul 1971\nas Assistant Executive Officer to the Chief Army Reserve at the\nPentagon.\nHis military decorations include the Legion of Merit, Meritorious\nService Medal, Joint Services Commendation Medal and the Army Com-\nmendation Medal. Among the honors he has received from patriotic\nand veterans organizations are the Distinguished Service Citation\nfrom the Reserve Officers Association and the Certificate of Ap-\npreciation from the Civil Affairs Associations. His memberships\ninclude the Company of Military Historians, the Reserve Officers\nAssociation, the American Legion, the Association of the United\nStates Army and the Smithsonian Associates. He has been designated\na \"Kentucky Colonel\" and an \"Admiral of the Nebraska Navy\". His\nclubs are the Army-Navy Club and the Capitol Hill Club.\nThe most recent issue of Parameters, the professional journal of the\nArmy War College carries his article \"The Amnesty Issue: A Historical\nPerspective\". His monograpah \"Amnesty For Those Who Wouldn't Go\",\nprepared for the Strategic Studies Institute, was used by the White\nHouse in 1974 in developing President Ford's amnesty program. The\nSep 1, 1974 issue of the Des Moines Sunday Register (Circ 500,000)\ncarried a page 1 feature story covering Mr. Ebel's review of previous\nAmerican amnesties. He has authored numerous articles on the Guard\nand Reserve Forces.\nMr. Ebel also serves as Vice President of the Ebel Alfalfa Company\nin Nebraska and manages his personal real estate holdings in\nSouthern California. A bachelor, his Washington DC address is\n2475 Virginia Ave, NW., 20037.\nPARAMETERS\nTHE JOURNAL OF THE US ARMY WAR COLLEGE\nHWAR WAR AREY COLLEGE s'n\n*\nValley Forge\nVOL IV NO 1\nNOTES\n7. A number of writers, none of them really\nTHE AMNESTY ISSUE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE\nimpartial, have written about Custer's raid, and the\n1. Dee Brown, Ft. Phil Kearny: An American\n\"truth\" has to be pieced together from their\nSaga (New York: Putnam, 1962), pp. 174-75. This is\naccounts: Charles J. Brill, Conquest of the Southern\nby\none of the most complete accounts of the battle\nPlains (Oklahoma City: Golden Saga, 1938); George\nbetween two covers.\nB. Grinnell, The Fighting Cheyennes (Norman, Okla.:\nLIEUTENANT COLONEL WILFRED L. EBEL, USA\n2. Brown, p. 150.\nUniv. of Okla. Press, 1956); Don Turner, Custer's\n3. Brown, pp. 213-14.\nFirst Massacre: The Battle of the Washita (Amarillo,\n4. See John U. Terrell and COL George Walton,\nTex.: Humbug Gulch Press, 1968).\nThe question of the utility or futility of\nStates addressed amnesty. They, too, found it\nFaint The Trumpet Sounds (New York: D. McKay,\n8. William A. Graham, The Story of the Little\namnesty has been posed by the refusal of a\nto be an extremely controversial issue, for\n1966), pp. 295-310.\nBig Horn (2d ed.; Harrisburg, Pa.: Military Service\nsmall percentage of America's youth to serve\namnesty has always stirred deep emotions in\n5. See the statement of LT E. S. Godfrey, \"there\nPublishing Co., 1941), p. 19. The definitive account\nin the Armed Forces. Some said No to the\nAmerican hearts.\nwas no sign for the justification of the theory,\nof the battle is to be found, however, in Edgar I.\nSelective Service System-they evaded\nBy a careful consideration of the motives\ninsinuation, or assertion that he committed suicide,\"\nStewart, Custer's Luck (Norman, Okla.: Univ. of\ninvoluntary induction into the military. Some\nunderlying past grants of amnesty, perhaps we\ncollected in William A. Graham, The Custer Myth\nOkla. Press, 1955).\nsaid No to a military superior-they call\ncan anticipate more intelligently the timing,\n(Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole, 1953), p. 376.\n9. Graham, p. 33.\nthemselves self-retired veterans; the military\nthe recipients, and the conditions of any\n6. See Bruce A. Rosenberg, \"Custer: The Legend\n10. See Terrell and Walton, pp. 8-13.\ncalls them deserters. Other\nfuture proclamation of amnesty. At the very\nof the Martyred Hero in America,\" The Journal of\n11. Most conveniently collected in Graham, The\nservicemen-volunteers as well as conscripts,\nthe Folklore Institute, 9 (Fall 1972), 110-32.\nCuster Myth, p. 211.\ncommissioned officers as well as enlisted\nmen-have been confined to military prisons,\nA HISTORICAL REVIEW WILL\nconvicted of such violations as refusing\nassignment to combat duty in Southeast Asia,\nREVEAL THE EXTENT TO\nsoliciting other service personnel to desert,\nWHICH AMNESTY HAS BECOME\nmaking disloyal statements, and sedition.\nA PART OF OUR POLITICAL\nAmnesty for American draft evaders and\nHERITAGE\ndeserters of the Vietnam era is one of the\nmost sensitive of contemporary issues. To\nplace this problem in its proper perspective, it\nis necessary to set aside the emotionally\nleast, a historical review will reveal the extent\ncharged question of the rightness or\nto which amnesty has become a part of our\nwrongness of US participation in the Vietnam\npolitical heritage; perhaps the insight gained\nconflict. Similarly we need not now\nfrom such an examination will contribute to\ndetermine the degree of innocence or guilt of\nenlightened opinion concerning the merits of\nthose who would not go. What must be done\namnesty for those who refused to serve in the\nNATIONAL PARK SERVICE DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR\nis to leaf through the pages of history and\nArmed Forces in the 1960's and 70's.\ntake note of how Washington, Lincoln,\nTruman, and other presidents of the United\nCONSCRIPTION\nBefore attempting an analysis of amnesty,\nLTC Wilfred L. Ebel, AGC, USAWC '73, attended\nMidland College (Nebraska) and UCLA, studying\nwe will find it useful to explore the nature\nliberal arts and business administration. Colonel Ebel,\nand background of conscription, since\na reserve officer temporarily on active duty as a\nconscription was a primary cause of the\nmember of the Total Force Study Group at the\nPentagon, has served in a\nwar-resistance phenomenon. Of ancient\nvariety of reserve assignments,\norigin, conscription is described in the Old\nincluding duty in the Office of\nTestament in a dictum of the Lord to Moses:\nthe Chief of Army Reserve\nand on the Reserve Forces\nPolicy Board in OSD. In\nTake a census of all the congregation of\ncivilian life, he is\nVice-President of the Ebel\nthe people of Israel, by families, by\nAlfalfa Company and manages\nfathers' houses, according to the number\nreal estate in California.\nof names, every male, head by head; from\nCuster's dawn attack on the Washita.\ntwenty years old and upward, all in Israel\n66\n67\n35\n65\n155\nformal declaration of war is not required to\n66\n156\n246\nvalidate involuntary induction. The\nAS FAR AS THE PUBLIC\n157\n17\n247\nconscientious objector is not given the legal\nINTEREST IS CONCERNED,\n68\n158\n248\noption of refusing to serve his country,\nONCE AMNESTY HAS BEEN\n39\n69\n159\n#\n249\nthough he may qualify for a noncombatant\nGRANTED, IT IS AS IF THE\n70\n160\n19\n250\nmilitary assignment or be eligible to perform\n71\n161\n231\ncivilian work in lieu of military service. But he\nCRIMINAL ACT HAD NOT BEEN\n19\nCOMMITTED.\n252\nmust serve. Those who defy the Selective\nService law are subject to fine, imprisonment,\nor both.\namnesty obliterates the crime itself. The\nAMNESTY: DEFINITION AND PURPOSE\nSupreme Court stated in Burdick vs. United\nStates, 236 US 79 (1915): \"The one\nAmnesty, a concept of public\n(amnesty) overlooks offense; the other\nlaw\nwhich means forgetfulness or\n(pardon) remits punishment.\" Generally,\noblivion and implies an act of the legal\npardon is extended to individuals while\nsovereign conceding, from grace, a\namnesty is offered to categories of offenders.\nvoluntary extinction from memory of\nAmerican presidents, however, have\ncertain crimes committed against the\ncommonly used the words \"amnesty\" and\nstate. It is a legal oblivion, usually of\n\"pardon\" interchangeably; hence, that\npolitical offenses.³\npractice will be followed here. Thus, many\nPresidential \"amnesties\" were in fact acts of\nAmnesties may be classified as general or\nindividual pardon.\nparticular, and as absolute or conditional:\nArticle 2, Section 2 of the Constitution\nconfers the authority to pardon upon the\nfirst, general or particular, that is,\nPresident:\nUS ARMY\nthey may demand the performance of\ncertain conditions before their provisions\nThe President shall have Power to\nenter into legal effect.4\ngrant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences\nagainst the United States, except in Cases\nSecretary of War Baker drawing a number for the WWI draft, the Nation's first large-scale conscription.\nIndividuals and organizations urging\nof Impeachment.5\namnesty for draft evaders and deserters\nconsistently upheld the constitutionality of\ngenerally cite the purpose of amnesty as being\nPresident Washington and several of his\nwho are able to go forth to war, you and\nAaron shall number them, company by\ncompulsory service. Although conscription is\nthe restoration of national unity.\nsuccessors used this Section as Constitutional\nan encroachment upon personal freedom, the\nTraditionally, this healing of social wounds by\nauthority to issue proclamations of amnesty.\ncompany.¹\nlegal consensus has unswervingly been that it\na restoration of political and civil rights to\nCongress also has the authority to amnesty\nThe Continental Congress resolved on 18 July\nis a justified method of maintaining those\nformer enemies of the State has been the\nFederal offenders:\narmed forces necessary to safeguard the\npurpose of amnesty. Among the more\n1775\nNation's freedom and to fulfill international\nmilitant resisters, contemporary references to\nCongress cannot limit the effects of\ncommitments. It has been held that Congress\nconditional amnesty are sometimes construed\nPresidential amnesty. On the other\nThat it be recommended to the\npossesses the power to conscript the Nation's\nas meaningless political sloganeering or as\nhand, Congress itself, under the necessary\ninhabitants of all the united English\ncitizenry not only to wage war, but to\ndeceitful plots designed to divide the\nand proper clause, may enact amnesty\ncolonies in North America, that all able\nmaintain an adequate peacetime army. A\nresistance community by proposing the\nlaws remitting penalties incurred under\nbodied effective men, between sixteen\ninclusion of draft resisters but not military\nthe National Statutes.⁶\nand fifty years of age in each Colony,\ndeserters.\nimmediately form themselves into regular\nAmnesty effectively wipes the slate clean.\nLet us turn to a review of amnesty practices\ncompanies of Militia, to consist of one\nTHE UNITED STATES SUPREME\nAs far as the public interest is concerned,\nfrom the earliest days of the republic.\ncaptn, two lieutenants, one ensign, four\nCOURT HAS CONSISTENTLY\nonce amnesty has been granted, it is as if the\nserjeants, four corporals, one clerk, one\nUPHELD THE CONSTITU-\ncriminal act had not been committed. Pardon\nAMNESTY UNDER WASHINGTON AND ADAMS\ndrummer, one fifer, and about 68\nTIONALITY OF COMPULSORY\ndiffers from amnesty in that it is a remission,\nprivates.²\nSERVICE.\nin whole or in part, of punishment, while\nLooking back through American history,\nThe United States Supreme Court has\n68\n69\nwe find that the Executive and the Legislative\nMADISON: AMNESTIES, DESERTERS,\nNor does his motive appear to meet the\nbranches of government have been neither\nAND PIRATES\ngenerally accepted purpose of amnesty, which\nhasty nor generous in exercising the amnesty\nis to restore national unity. Rather, the\npower. The first presidential pardon in\nDuring his tenure as president, Madison\ndeserters still at large were characterized as\nAmerican history covered individuals in\nissued amnesty proclamations on four\nunworthy and undeserving of redemption\nwestern Pennsylvania who were at odds with\noccasions: 7 February 1812, 8 October 1812,\nthrough subsequent military service.\nthe Federal government over payment of\n17 June 1814, and 6 February 1815. The first\ntaxes. President Washington viewed the\nthree were granted with the understanding\nCIVIL WAR AMNESTIES\nWhiskey Rebellion as a \"contest whether a\nthat the deserters had \"become sensible of\nsmall portion of the United States shall\ntheir offense and desirous of returning to\nCurrent pro-amnesty polemicists frequently\ndictate the whole Union.\" By a proclamation\nduty.\"10 To receive pardon, deserters were\ncite Civil War amnesties as precedents for a\npublished 25 September 1794, Washington\nrequired to surrender at a military post. These\nliberal amnesty policy towards the\npromised to treat \"with the most liberal good\nthree pardons may have been intended to\nVietnam-era military dissidents. While there\nfaith\" those offenders who would henceforth\nreturn deserters to duty so that they could\nobey the law. His follow-up proclamation of\nparticipate in the war with Great Britain.\n10 July 1795 extended pardon to those\nMadison's 1815 Proclamation is unique\ninsurrectionists who had followed the terms\nwith respect to the class of offenders\nWHILE THERE WERE SEVERAL\nof his earlier proclamation.⁷\npardoned-it is specifically addressed to Jean\nAMNESTIES ISSUED DURING\nIn 1799 Pennsylvania was again the scene\nLafitte's pirates:\nAND AFTER THE CIVIL WAR,\nof insurrection. The laws pertaining to the\nTHEY WERE RESTRICTIVE\nvaluation of houses and land precipitated the\nprovided, that every person claiming\ninsurrection which became serious enough to\nfull benefit of this pardon in order to\nrequire troop intervention. President Adams,\nentitle himself thereto shall produce a\nby his Proclamation of 21 May 1800,\ncertificate in writing from the governor of\nwere several amnesties issued during and after\npardoned all insurrectionists except those\nthe State of Louisiana stating that such\nthe Civil War, they were restrictive and the\nthen under indictment or standing convicted.\nperson has aided in the defense of New\nOrleans and the adjacent country during\nUS ARMY\nuse of this type today certainly would not\nAdams stated that future prosecutions were\nsatisfy amnesty spokesmen. For example,\nunnecessary since \"peace, order, and\nthe invasion thereof as aforesaid.\nConfederate leaders remained unamnestied\nsubmission to the laws of the United States\nwere restored, the ignorant, misguided,\nWhile most amnesties have dealt with war\nAndrew Jackson\nuntil 1898, having been barred by the\nFourteenth Amendment from holding\nand misinformed counties [having] returned\ndissenters, Madison amnestied pirates who\nmilitary or civil office. 13 Although never\nto a proper sense of their duty.\"⁸\ncame to the aid of their country. Lafitte's\nduty. An excerpt from the General Order\nbrought to trial, Jefferson Davis was\nmen had spurned a cash offer by the British,\nsuggests that forgiveness, compassion, and\nimprisoned at Fortress Monroe from 10 May\nTHOMAS JEFFERSON\nchoosing instead to join with General Jackson\ngenerosity were not the most compelling\n1865 to 13 May 1867. Present-day amnesty\nat the Battle of New Orleans.\nmotives underlying the grant of amnesty to\nadvocates argue that America cannot afford\nAlthough Washington pardoned\ndeserters not then under military control:\nto force war resisters to remain underground\nparticipants in the Whiskey Rebellion and\nAMNESTY UNDER JACKSON\nor in self-exile because the country will then\nAdams issued pardons to certain Pennsylvania\nIt is desirable and highly important that\nbe deprived of their potential leadership.\ninsurrectionists, Thomas Jefferson was the\nProbably the most liberal amnesty granted\nthe ranks of the Army should be\nAnalogously, Jefferson Davis most certainly\nfirst US president to grant a pardon to\nto military deserters in American history was\ncomposed of respectable, not degraded,\ncould have served as a Senator from\nmilitary deserters. On 15 October 1807\nthe amnesty extended by President Andrew\nmaterials. Those who can be so lost to the\nMississippi after the Civil War. But it would\nJefferson offered deserters full pardon in\nJackson in 1830. Jackson, acting through\nobligations of a soldier as to abandon a\nhave been necessary for him to seek\nexchange for their surrender to the military\nSecretary of War Eaton, declared the amnesty\ncountry which morally they are bound to\nrestoration of the privilege to hold such\nand return to duty. Twelve days after signing\nafter Congress had repealed the law imposing\ndefend, and which solemnly they have\noffice, and he apparently was unwilling to\nthe proclamation, in the Seventh Annual\nthe death penalty for peacetime desertion.\nsworn to serve, are unworthy, and should\nrecant and take the necessary oath of\nMessage of the President to the Senate and\nWar Department General Order Number 29,\nbe confided in no more. 12\nallegiance. Davis was still barred from holding\nthe House of Representatives, Jefferson cited\nissued 12 June 1830, provided that deserters\noffice at the time of his death in 1889. 14\ncircumstances which \"seriously threatened\nunder sentence of death and all deserters\nPresident Jackson's attitude toward the\nDuring the confusion prevailing during the\nthe peace of our country.\"9 Thus, it may be\nremaining unapprehended were to be\nunapprehended deserters does not appear to\nearly stages of the war, a great many persons\nconjectured that Jefferson offered the\ndischarged from the service and barred from\nmeet the generally accepted definition of\nwere detained as political prisoners by the\npardons as a means of building up the size of\nfuture enlistment. Personnel who were under\namnesty-that is, forgetfulness of the offense.\nUnion. Some of those detained had in fact\nthe Army in a time of national peril.\narrest for desertion were to be returned to\n70\n71\nabsentees from the United States for the\npurpose of aiding the rebellion. 20\nRETAIL\nA promise of conditional amnesty was\nextended by the War Department on 3 July\n1866 to Union Army deserters, provided they\nLIQUORS SEGARS\nTHE NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY, NEW YORK CITY\nsurrendered before 15 August 1866.2\nAlthough the Civil War ended in the spring\nof 1866, it was 7 September 1867 before\nJohnson announced a further amnesty. Once\nagain, an oath of allegiance was a\nprecondition. While Johnson's first amnesty\nexcepted 14 classes of persons from\neligibility, few were excluded under the 1867\nProclamation. Principal exclusions were high\nofficials of the Confederacy, persons in\nconfinement or on bail, and individuals\nUS ARMY\ninvolved in the assassination of President\nLincoln. 22\nShortly after the conclusion of his\nPresident Lincoln.\nimpeachment trial, Johnson discussed a\nfurther amnesty with his Cabinet. The idea of\nNew York City Draft Riots, 1863.\na universal amnesty for all rebels was seriously\namnestied. An oath of allegiance was again\nconsidered but finally rejected. Jefferson\nmade a prerequisite to the grant of amnesty.\nDavis and others indicted for treason or\naided the Confederacy while others had not;\nI, do solemnly swear, in the presence of\nGeneral Grant permitted deserters to proceed\nfelony were excluded from the amnesty\nstill others had second thoughts about their\nAlmighty God, that I will henceforth\nto their homes and remain exempt from\nearlier support of the Confederacy. President\nfaithfully support, protect, and defend\nmilitary service if they took the required oath\nBY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:\nLincoln, acting through Secretary of War\nthe Constitution of the United States and\nand if their homes were within Federal lines. 19\nA PROCLAMATION.\nStanton, issued the first Civil War amnesty on\nUnion of the States thereunder 18\nLincoln acted again by Presidential\n14 February 1862, releasing these individuals\nProclamation on 11 March 1865, offering\nprovided that they agreed to take an oath of\nLincoln specifically excluded Confederate\npardon to all Union deserters who returned to\nWHEREAS, the President of the United States, on the 8th day of December, A.\nallegiance.\nleaders from eligibility. Most important, the\nmilitary duty within 60 days and who served\nD. eighteen hundred and sixty three. and on the 26th day of March, A. D., eighteen\n15\nProclamation provided that any Confederate\na period of time equal to their enlistment.\nhundred and sixty four, did, with the object to suppress the existing rebellion. to induce\nThe Confiscation Act of 17 July 1862\nall persons to return to their loyalty, and to restore the authority of the United States,\ncontained a section authorizing the President\nstate could be returned to the Union when\nThis pardon may not have been the result of\nissue lamations offering amnesty and pardon to certain persons who had directly or\nto amnesty persons \"who may have\nsubscribers to the oath equalled in number\nPresidential initiative; more likely it was a\nby implication participated in the said rebellion: and whereas many persons who had NO\nparticipated in the existing rebellion. Such\nnot less than 10 percent of the number of the\nresponse to a law passed by the Congress\nin said rebellion, have. since the issuance of said proclamations, failed or neg-\nauthority, of course, was superfluous\nstate's voters in the 1860 Presidential\ntaking citizenship away from deserters and\ninasmuch as Lincoln already possessed such\nelection. Thus, Lincoln's Proclamation\nrequiring that the President issue a\ntablish rules and regulations for administering and\nthe\nbenefit people, and guard the\npowers by Constitutional fiat. By Presidential\nappears to have been designed mainly as an\nproclamation offering pardon subject to terms\ngovernment against fraud.\nProclamation of 10 March 1863, he allowed\ninstrument to erode support for the\nsimilar to those contained in the 1865\ndeserters to return to their military unit\nConfederate effort by offering conditions\nPresidential Proclamation.\nIs TRITIMUNY WHEREOF, I have hereunto net my hand, and caused the seal of the\nwithout punishment save forfeiture of pay\nunder which a seceded state could be restored\nOn 29 May 1865, shortly after his elevation\nUnited States to be affixed.\nand allowances for the period of their\nto the Union. This Proclamation was clarified\nto the Presidency, Johnson published the first\nabsence. 17\non 26 March 1864 with the announcement\nof his series of amnesties. It applied to\nDone at the City of Washington, the twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our\nLord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, and of the\nIn December 1863 Lincoln offered pardon\nthat certain persons (mainly prisoners of war)\npersons who had participated in the\nIndependence of the United States the eighty ninth\nto certain individuals who had participated in\nwere not eligible for amnesty.\nRebellion, and an oath of allegiance was\nthe Rebellion. Such individuals could be\nrequired. Of the 14 classes of persons declared\nBy THE PRESIDENT:\nA War Department General Order issued in\nJohnson\npardoned only by subscribing to the following\nFebruary 1864 established conditions under\nineligible for amnesty, one is of special\nNATIONAL ARCHIVES\noath of allegiance:\ninterest:\nVillan\nwhich Confederate deserters could be\nall persons who have been or are\nJohnson's Amnesty Proclamation of 29 May 1865.\n72\n73\nannounced 4 July 1868. A political motive\nNo general amnesty followed World War I,\nMost of those who benefited by the\ncan be perceived in this amnesty, since it was\nWorld War II, or the Korean War. On 15\nproclamation were religious conscientious\nissued on the opening day of the Democratic\nDecember 1923 President Coolidge\nobjectors. Others were Japanese Nisei,\nNational Convention. However, Southerners\ncommuted the sentences of all prisoners who\ndraft evaders who subsequently served\napparently resented the restricted scope of\nhad been convicted for opposing the\nhonorably in the armed forces, and others\nthe amnesty, for Johnson failed to receive the\ngovernment and the Selective Service during\nwho proved that their evasion was due to\nDemocratic nomination. 23\nWorld War I. The pardons were rooted in\nignorance. 32\nOn Christmas Day 1868, Johnson extended\nrecommendations submitted to the President\nby a committee appointed by President\nA partial remission of prison sentences was\nto all and to every person who,\nHarding before his death in August 1923. The\ninvolved in only three cases: the remaining\ndirectly or indirectly, participated in the\ncommittee, composed of ex-Secretary of War\n1520 pardoned had already completed their\nlate insurrection or rebellion a full pardon\nBaker, Bishop Brent, and General Harbord,\nterms. 33 Interestingly, a New York Times\nand amnesty for the offense of treason\nwas formed after President Harding had been\neditorial commented favorably on the severe\nagainst the United States or of adhering\nsubjected to political pressure to release the\naction of Truman's Amnesty Board:\nto their enemies during the late civil\nprisoners. The Coolidge decision, which\nwar\n24\naffected only 31 prisoners, was announced\nafter Presidential consultation with the\nIt stated a principle that is fundamental\nWith respect to draft dodgers, no action was\nAttorney General. 27 Senators Pepper and\nin a democracy, where the majority rules\never taken granting them amnesty.\nBorah and the American Civil Liberties Union\nwith due regard for the rights of a\nBy legislation in 1896, Congress enabled\nhad led the pro-amnesty faction in this\nformer Confederate military officers to seek\nbattle. 28\nUS ARMY\nminority, when it decided that it would\nnot recommend restoration of civil rights\ncommissions in the US Armed Forces. The\nA few months later, on 5 March 1924,\nto those persons who \"thus have set\nlaw may have ensued from Congressional fear\nPresident Coolidge, acting upon the advice of\nPresident Roosevelt.\nthemselves up as wiser and more\nthat differences with Great Britain were about\nhis service secretaries, restored citizenship\ncompetent than society to determine\nto come to war. Many ex-Confederate officers\nrights to approximately 100 military\n4-year prison sentence for draft-dodging. But\ntheir duty to come to the defense of the\nwere in their declining years by this time and\ndeserters. However, this action did not cover\nanother son, Grover, who had fled the United\nnation.\n\"34\nprobably would have proven of minimal value\nmilitary personnel who deserted prior to the\nStates to avoid the draft, remained outside\nhad a conflict erupted. 25\nWorld War I Armistice, nor did it remit or\nthe pale of amnesty since persons who had\nAmerica's most recent amnesty came in the\nIn June 1898 President McKinley signed\ncommute court-martial sentences. Only those\nevaded indictments or sentences were not\nmidst of the Korean War. On 24 December\nthe final amnesty bill for Confederates. This\nwho deserted after 11 November 1918 and\nwithin the purview of the Proclamation. 30\n1952 as he began to prepare to vacate the\nbill, no doubt prompted by the war with\nbefore 17 November 1921 benefited by the\nSeveral thousand former convicts were the\nWhite House and return to civilian life,\nSpain, repealed the bar imposed by Section 3\nProclamation. Secretary of the Navy Denby\nbeneficiaries of a Christmas Eve Proclamation\nPresident Truman restored civil rights to all\nof the Fourteenth Amendment.\napparently had convinced President Coolidge\nissued by President Truman in 1945. The\npersons convicted of having deserted between\nthat loss of citizenship was an \"uncommonly\nPresident restored citizenship rights to\n15 August 1945 and 25 June 1950. No\nTWENTIETH-CENTURY AMNESTIES\nharsh and severe\" punishment for desertion\nex-convicts who had served at least one year\npardon, remission, or mitigation of sentence\nafter the fighting had ceased. 29\nin the military after 28 July 1941 and were\nwas involved; the sole effect of Truman's\nThe first US amnesty of the twentieth\nIn a 23 December 1933 proclamation\nsubsequently awarded honorable discharges.\naction was to restore citizenship. An\ncentury was President Theodore Roosevelt's\naffecting only those who had served prison\nIncluded in this amnesty were over 2,000\nestimated 8,904 deserters were covered by the\namnesty of the Philippine Insurrectionists. At\nterms for violating the Draft and Espionage\nFederal prisoners who had been paroled for\namnesty. In his Christmas Message the next\nan Independence Day gathering in\nActs, President Franklin D. Roosevelt\ninduction into the Army during World War\nday, Truman also announced the restoration\nPennsylvania in 1902, Roosevelt announced\nrestored civil rights to about 1,500\nII.³¹ Observe that this amnesty was granted\nof civil rights to Korean War veterans who had\nthat he had on that day issued a\nwar resisters. There was no reduction of\nto war supporters, not war resisters!\nbeen convicted by civilian courts prior to\n\"proclamation of peace and amnesty. \"26\nprison terms since all those affected by\nAlthough President Truman established an\ntheir military service. The McCarren\nRoosevelt's \"Christmas Amnesty\nAmnesty Board in 1946, the Board confined\nImmigration Act also became effective on\nProclamation\" had already completed their\nitself to recommending individuals by name\nthat date and Truman's motive for restoring\nNO GENERAL AMNESTY\nsentences. In view of the current large number\nfor pardon. The Board, headed by former\ncitizenship to this group of offenders may\nof self-exiled war resisters, it is interesting to\nJustice Owen J. Roberts, reviewed the cases\nwell have been to preclude deportation of\nFOLLOWED WORLD WAR I,\nnote the effect that the Roosevelt\nof 15,805 individuals who had been convicted\nveterans who had been naturalized citizens\nWORLD WAR II, OR THE\nProclamation had on the family of Mrs.\nof violation of the Selective Service Act. The\nprior to their convictions. 35 There has been\nKOREAN WAR.\nEmma C. Bergdoll. Restoration of citizenship\nBoard recommended pardon for less than 10\nno presidential or congressional amnesty since\nwas granted her son Erwin, who had served a\npercent of that number.\nthe 1952 Christmas announcements.\n74\n75\nCONCLUSION\ndischarge some deserters and prohibit their\ninvolvement in Vietnam, by pacifist groups\nUnited States, shall have engaged in insurrection or\never serving in the military again. Desertion\nadvocating non-participation in all wars, by\nrebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to\nThis brief historical review of amnesty\nduring an armed conflict has traditionally\ncivil libertarians who believe that conscription\nthe enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of\noffers no sanguine expectation to those who\nbeen dealt with as a far more serious offense\nis an unjust erosion of individual rights, and\ntwo-thirds of each House, remove such disability.\"\ndesire an immediate, unconditional, and\nthan desertion in peacetime. Finally, it should\nby religious organizations preaching\n14. Jonathan T. Dorris, Pardon and Amnesty\ngeneral grant of amnesty to all Vietnam-era\nbe carefully noted that Presidents Madison\nforgiveness. American history can comfort\nunder Lincoln and Johnson (Chapel Hill: Univ. of N.\nArmed Forces deserters and Selective Service\nand Truman granted amnesty for crime as a\nthese persons to a degree; some form of\nC. Press, 1953), p. 387.\nviolators. In light of the precedents, any\nreward to persons who had served honorably\namnesty probably will be granted in the\n15. Ibid., pp. 9-11.\nattempt to enlist the aid of history to support\nin the Armed Forces, rather than as a\nunspecified future. But whatever form the\n16. Ibid., pp. 6-7.\nsuch a view rests on a slender reed. The most\nmechanism of forgiveness to those who\namnesty takes, it will be no panacea for its\n17. Richardson, VI, 163.\ncursory analysis of historical data on\nwillfully failed to answer their Country's call.\nbeneficiaries unless there is an abrupt\n18. Dorris, p. 34.\nAmerican amnesties indicates that present\nThe issue of amnesty for those who refused\ndeparture from historical trends. Any appeal\n19. Ibid., p. 63.\nrationales for amnesty represent a departure\nmilitary service or fled their assigned posts\nfor an immediate, general, and unconditional\n20. Ibid., pp. 111-12, 117.\nfrom, rather than an appeal to, precedent.\nduring the Vietnam era will not, like old\ngrant of amnesty on the grounds of historical\n21. John C. Etridge, Amnesty: A Brief Historical\nAmnésty for military deserters and\nsoldiers, simply fade away. The emotional\nprecedent is not an appeal to fact. It is a\nOverview, Congressional Reference Service\nviolators of conscription laws has generally\nimpact has seared the consciences of too\nresort to historical myth.\n(Washington: GPO, 1972), p. 13.\nbeen granted only to those who had been\nmany at both poles of the issue for that to be\n22. Richardson, VI, 547-49.\npreviously convicted and had served their\na reasonable expectation. Nor will the issue be\n23. Dorris, pp. 352-55.\nterms. Remission or commutation of sentence\nresolved speedily-amnesty has historically\nNOTES\n24. Richardson, VI, 708.\nhas been exceptional rather than customary,\nbeen granted only after prolonged and\n25. Dorris, p. 386.\nand beneficiaries of amnesty have received\nfrequently bitter and divisive debate. But it\n1. Numbers 1:2.\n26. US, President, A Compilation of the Messages\nlittle more than a restoration of their civil\nhas generally been the case that the longer an\n2. US Selective Service, Special Monograph No.\nand Speeches of Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1905, ed.\nrights. Deserters at liberty have generally been\namnesty has been postponed, the more liberal\n2, in Backgrounds of Selective Service (Washington:\nAlfred H. Lewis (Washington: Bureau of National\nrequired to return to military authority as a\nhave been its terms.\nGPO, 1947), I, 89.\nLiterature and Art, 1906), Supplemental Volume,\ncondition precedent to the grant of amnesty,\nAmnesty will continue to be sought by\n3. \"Amnesty,\" Encyclopedia of the Social\n45-51.\nalthough President Jackson did punitively\npolitical leaders who opposed the American\nSciences, 1950.\n27. \"Coolidge Releases All War Offenders as\n4. Ibid.\nChristmas Gift,\" New York Times, 16 December\n5. US Congress, Senate, The Constitution of the\n1923, p. 1.\nUnited States of America: Analysis and\n28. William Preston, Jr., Aliens and Dissenters\nInterpretation, Document No. 39, 88th Cong., 1st\n(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1963), pp.\nsession, 1964, p. 461.\n262-63.\n6. \"Amnesty,\" Encyclopedia Brittanica, 1968.\n29. \"Grants Amnesty to 100 Deserters,\" New\n7. James D. Richardson, ed., Compilation of the\nYork Times, 6 March 1924, p. 3.\nMessages and Papers of the Presidents, 1789-1897\n30. \"Roosevelt Proclamation Restores to\n(Washington: GPO, 1907), I, 161-62, 181.\nCitizenship 1,500 Wartime Violators,\" New York\n8. Ibid., pp. 289-92, 303, 304.\nTimes, 25 December 1933, p. 1. See also\n9. Ibid., p. 425.\n\"Proclamation No. 2067,\" The Statutes at Large of\n10. Ibid., pp. 512, 514, 543.\nthe United States of America (Washington: GPO,\n11. Ibid, p. 559.\n1934), XLVIII, Part 2, 1725-26.\n12. War Department General Order No. 29, 12\n31. \"Truman Pardons Ex-convicts Who Served\nJune 1830.\nwith Merit in War,\" New York Times, 25 December\n13. The Fourteenth Amendment, Section 3: \"No\n1945, p. 1.\nperson shall be a Senator or Representative in\n32. Anthony Leviero, \"President Grants Pardons\nCongress, or elector of President and Vice President,\nto 1,523 Who Escape Draft,\" New York Times, 24\nor hold any office, civil or military, under the United\nDecember 1947, p. 1.\nStates, or under any State, who having previously\n33. Ibid.\nUS ARMY\ntaken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an\n34. \"The Duties of Citizenship,\" New York Times,\nofficer of the United States, or as a member of any\n25 December 1947, p. 20.\nState legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer\n35. \"Truman Yule Plea,\" New York Times, 25\nof any State, to support the Constitution of the\nDecember 1952, p. 1.\nAnti-Vietnam Demonstration, Washington, 1967.\n76\n77\n17 Sep 74\nCharlie,\nExcuse the recycled paper. Trying to support the\nPresident's energy conservation program!\nIf you need staff help and will be hiring from\noutside government instead of transferring within,\nTed Weihe, whose papers are attached, would be an\nasset, I believe. I've known and worked with him for\nseveral years.\nHe's a \"Democrat\", which you may not be looking\nfor, and a citizen activist, which you may not be\nlooking for, but he served military time during\nVietnam in spite of strong feelings against the war,\nand worked to reform the military, as you will see\nfrom the enclosed materials. I think his attempted\nreforms were aimed in the right direction and had some\neffect. You can count on him to surface issues but\nwork on the team, I H\nHe's available immediately and doesn't expect any\nFORD & LIBRARY 07V839\nspecified term of appointment. Because of special\ncircumstances, he doesn't feel compelled to obtain a\n\"permanent\" job.\nIom 7.1ml\nEDGA]\nR.S.\nHe would appreciate return of the news magazine\nReturnal to Jorn Eloyd\nRESUME OF THEODORE F. WEIHE\nWORK OBJECTIVE: Staff position on Clemency Board. Valuable\nVietnam era military experience. Authored articles concerning\nmissile corps in Washingtonian Magazine and military publication\nFamily.\n\" The launch officer has been relegated to a\nbureaucratic, dehumanizing way of life which leads to demoral-\nization and unreliability in our deterrent force.\"\nJanuary 1974 to August 1974: Political Consultant to Northern\nVirginia Regional Park Authority, examined political climate of\nPrince William County towards gaining its membership within the\nAuthority. Also, edited major report for Urban Land Institute.\nJuly 1972 to January 1974: Executive Director (currently President)\nof Coalition on Optimum Growth, Inc., a non-profit organization\nfor better citizen involvement in land use planning. Duties: all\nadministrative functions; press, public and community relations;\nspeeches and testimony, publication of monthly newsletter, etc.\nNovember 1969 to July 1972: Capitol Hill Reporter, Independent\nNatural Gas Assn. of America. Legislative aide to former\nCongressman Walter E. Rogers. Covered Capitol Hill and other\nFederal agencies for weekly trade publication. Also, prepared\npress releases and managed press room at annual conventions.\nApril 1969 to November 1969: Speech Writer/Press Secretary,\nVirginia gubernatorial candidate and Fairfax Co. Democratic Party.\nJune 1965 to March 1969: Captain. U.S. Air Force, Minuteman\nDeputy Missile Combat Crew Commander. Duties: maintain high state\nof alert readiness and, if ordered, launch Minuteman ICBMs.\nOther paid positions: Campaign Director and legislative aide\nto Virginia State Senator Edward Holland, 1971-72; and\nreporter (part-time) Globe Newspapers, 1969-70.\nEDUCATION: Georgetown University, School of Foreign Service,\n1961-65. B.S.F.S. in international affairs (tri-disciplinary studyies\nin economics, government and history). Graduate work at Central\nMissouri State in history. Metropolitan Training Institute:\nCommunity Development Planning, 1972-73.\nAFFILIATIONS: Chairman, Arlington Citizens for Parks, 1972-73;\nV.P. Ashton Heights Civic Assn., 1974-75; very politically active;\nmember: Committee of 100 and numerous citizen groups.\nPERSONAL: Born on July 19, 1943 (31); married; excellent health;\nreferences on request. At Armed Services hearings (April 30, 1971)\ndescribed by Senator Symington as \"one of the typical intense but\nsincere young men of the day.\"\nADDRESS: 617 N. Kenmore St., Arlington, Virginia 22201\n525-5835\nResume of\nSTEPHEN D. SCHREIBER\n1315 N. Kirkwood Rd.\nHome Address: 265 Wall Street\nArlington, Va. 22201\nCorning, N.Y. 14830\n703-525-4532\n(607) 962-1388\nSingle\nAge 24\nExcellent Health\nEducation\n1971-74\nALBANY LAW SCHOOL, Albany, New York.\nJ.D. degree in June 1974.\nMember, Law Review.\nMoot Court Competition.\nClass Rank: 23/196.\n1967-71\nCOLGATE UNIVERSITY, Hamilton, New York.\nBachelor of Arts in History, June 1971.\nDean's List final three semesters.\nFreshman and three years varsity wrestling.\nFreshman and varsity golf.\nFORD & GERALD LIBRARY\nWork Experience\nNov. 173-\nNEW YORK STATE ASSEMBLY, Albany, New York.\nMay 74\nResearch Assistant, Office of the Counsel to the Speaker of the\nN.Y.S. Assembly. Part-time work involving research on pending\nlegislation.\nSummer\nUNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C.\n1973\nLaw Clerk, Organized Crime and Racketeering Section of the\nCriminal Division. Work involved a major research project, and\na series of research problems.\nSpring\nNEW YORK STATE ASSEMBLY, Albany, New York.\n1973\nClerk in the office of New York State Assemblyman\nCharles D. Henderson. Part-time work primarily involving\nconstituent relations.\nFall\nNEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF LAW, Albany, New York\n1972\nPart-time clerk in the Records Department.\nSummer\nDISTRICT ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, STEUBEN COUNTY, Bath, New York.\n1972\nSummer Intern. Work involved general research and extensive\nobservations of local criminal courts.\nFall 1971 &\nNEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF LAW, Albany, New York.\nSpring 1972\nPart-time librarian for the Division of Claims and Litigation.\nSummers\nGreenskeeper.\n1967-71\nInventory and other clerical jobs.\nTraveled abroad.\nPersonal Background\nInterests include competitive golf, reading, sports and structure.\nReferences\nAvailable on Request.\nNovember 12, 1974\nDear Senator Goodell:\nJust want to tell you how much I appreciate your speaking\nwith Steve.\nHe tells me that he was impressed with your advice and com-\nments, and that he has started to follow your suggestions.\nI am sure they will be very helpful to him.\nHe so enjoyed meeting you, and I really can't thank you\nenough for your assistance and consideration.\nMost sincerely,\nHope Schreiber\nMrs. Charles L. Schreiber\n265 Wall Street\nCorning, New York 14830\nHon. Charles E. Goodell\nHydeman, Mason & Goodell\n1225 Nineteenth Street, N. W.\nWashington, D. C.\n20036\nApril 10,19\nDear Senator Goodell\nGERAL\nPat Gold mon tells some that you\nmight be looking for an adminis trator\nfor the Annesty Board.\nOn her re commen lation, I am\nenclosing a Copy of my resume I\nam quietly looking around for an\nopportunity in the Executive Branch to\npart my administrative interests shills\nto work on a larger and more\ncomplex scale than running a\nHous office. While the A monesty\nBoard is to be short lived, it\ncould present some challenges.\nIf my resume and Background\nappear to fit with your\nneeds, I would appreciate\nan opportunity to discuss\nthis further.\nSincerely,\nWaring Partnas\nB. WARING PARTRIDGE, III\n2016 - 37th Street, N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20007\nTel. Off: 202-225-2565\nRes: 202-333-7553\nPROFESSIONAL OBJECTIVE: Line management position or top staff position\nwith policy and line responsibilities.\nEXPERIENCE: Jan. 1975 - present: Administrative Assistant to Congressman\nGary A. Myers, Pennsylvania. Recruited entire staff for Washington and\nthree Pennsylvania offices for new Congressman. Established all job\ndescriptions and operating procedures. Responsible for overall operation\nof staff and offices.\nJune 1973 - Dec. 1974: Administrative Assistant to Congressman Richard W.\nMallary, Vermont. Took over general management and reorganization of\nCongressional staff. Instituted several procedural and personnel changes.\nHired new people for 75% of the staff positions in the first five months.\nTripled the size of the professional legislative staff. Developed specific\njob definitions, office procedures. Implemented a positive control system\nfor all correspondence, incoming and outgoing. Reduced response time by\ntwenty to forty percent and virtually eliminated problem of \"lost\" or\nunanswered mail (250 to 2000 first class letters per week incoming).\nResponsible for budget of two to three hundred thousand dollars and the\ndirect management of a high pressure, volatile staff of about 15 college\nor graduate school trained individuals.\nSept. - Nov. 1974: Campaign Manager, Vermont U.S. Senate campaign.\nAssumed overall responsibility for campaign strategy, media, scheduling,\norganization, personnel and fund raising. Hired staff and created an\norganization on short notice. Campaign performance raised candidate's\nstanding in the polls up to election day.\nDec. 1972 - June 1973: Congressional District Manager. Replaced,\nreorganized and enlarged staff of two Congressional offices in Vermont.\nInstituted new operating procedures to make the Vermont offices compatible\nwith the Washington office. Conducted fifty half-day, highly publicized\n\"mobile office\" visits to towns in Vermont, publicly representing the\nCongressman.\nSept. - Nov. 1972: Executive Secretary of Vermont Republican Party and\nExecutive Director of presidential campaign. General responsibility for\nstate-wide management of campaign operations in Vermont presidential campaign.\nJan. - Aug. 1972: Legislative/Executive Assistant to newly elected\nCongressman from Vermont. Researched variety of legislative issues, reviewed\nall issue oriented mail. Developed initial organization of internal and\nexternal communication procedures for quick turn around, high volume, client\noriented service organization.\nNov. 1971 - Jan. 1972: Assistant to Campaign Manager for Vermont primary\nand special election congressional campaigns. Supervised and organized\nvolunteer phone bank operations and direct mailings.\nApril - Oct. 1971: established, incorporated and managed small retail/\nwholesale enterprise in Washington, D.C.\n1967 - Oct. 1971: U.S. Navy, Lieutenant. Awards included Navy Achieve-\nment Medal with combat \"V\", Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry and other general\ncampaign and unit awards. Presently in U.S. Naval Reserve. Active duty\nincluded:\nDirector, Minority Affairs Division, Navy Office of Information,\nPentagon. Served as the only Lieutenant, Division Director directly\nunder the Chief of Information. Responsible for press and public\nrelations between Navy and minority communities. Managed active\nminority press program and represented the Navy at conventions such\nas the NAACP and the Urban League.\nAssistant Public Affairs Officer, U.S. Naval Support Activity, Danang,\nVietnam. Supervised twelve to eighteen Navy journalists and photo-\ngraphers. Worked on a daily basis with national and international\npress representatives in Danang and I Corps. Served as command briefer\nfor visiting senior military and civilian officials. At the time,\nDanang Naval Support Activity was the largest overseas Naval facility\nin the world.\nDeck Division Officer, aircraft carrier USS Wasp. Supervised forty\nmen. Also public affairs officer following a collision at sea and\nduring a major NATO exercise covered by European and American press.\nJan. - June 1967: Designed and conducted a data use survey for the\nBureau of the Census and the New Haven Redevelopment Agency. Analyzed\nsource, type and use of demographic data needed by thirty private and\ngovernmental agencies.\nSept. 1964 - June 1966: Consultant to College Market Consultants, New\nYork City. Assisted in improving campus promotions of products for\nseveral clients.\nJan. 1964 - June 1966: Manager of Yale Student Laundry. Executive\nManager and then Chairman of largest business enterprise on campus.\nEmployed several people full time and over a hundred students part time.\nAs Chairman headed a six person board and supervised nine line managers\nwho were selected through sales competition. Negotiated contract for\nlinen rental, laundry and dry cleaning services. Overall gross was a\nquarter of a million dollars (in 1966 dollars). As Chairman, set salaries\nand prices and approved all operating procedures. Improved profit in the\nface of declining sales by controlling costs.\nOTHER ACTIVITIES: Write a weekly news commentary column for Vermont newspapers.\nEDUCATION: Yale University, B.A., Economics, 1967\nHarvard University, summer courses, 1964\nKent School, Kent, Connecticut, 1962\nMISCELLANEOUS: 1962-67: Student activities including elected student\ngovernment, a varsity sport (crew) and Navy ROTC\n1973: Who's Who in American Politics\n1974: Outstanding Young Men in America\nREFERENCES: Upon request.\nAPR 1\nVASSAR COLLEGE\nPOUGHKEEPSIE NEW YORK 12601\nApril 14, 1975\nHon. Charles B. Goodell\nFORD : LIORARY\nPresidencial Clemency Board\nThe White House\nWashington, D.C.\nDear Senator Goodell:\nHow have you been? I'm busy finishing my\nfirst year at Vassar, trying to pull all my\nacademic loose-ends together.\nI've also been looking (frantically) for a\nsummer job. Vassar has a free-housing\nprogram in Washington, and I am eager to work\nthere this summer. I wrote Steve Martindale,\nand he informed me that the Presidencial\nClemency board may be hiring some people.\nIt sounds like fascinating work, and I would\nvery much like to be a part of it. As I\ninformed Steve, I can type, am generally\ncapable and adaptable, and can be counted on\nto wear a smile most of the day!\nThank you for your time and consideration.\nBest regards,\nMargaret Cadoux\nMargaret Cadoux\nRaymond 212\nVASSAR COLLEGE\nPOTAL s.n APR 197 15 SUI 125 NY\nSERVICE\n13c\nPOUGHKEEPSIE . NEW YORK 12601\nALWAYS\nYOUR ZIP\nUSAirmail\nHon. Charles B. Goodell\nPresidencial Clemency Board\nThe White House\nWashington, D.C. 20005\nAtt: Larry Baskir\nAIR MAIL\nApril 15, 1975\nDear Ray:\nThank you for your letter of March 26, 1975. I am\nsorry it did not reach me antil you were scheduled to be in\nWashington.\nAs to your plans for the future, I am afraid I\ncan't offer any advice based upon your letter alone. You\ncan apply directly to any agency in which you have an interest\nwhether in Massachusetts or Washington. If you are interested\nin working in Washington for a short period of time, it is\npossible we could use you at the Clemency Board.\nIf you wish to come to Washington, I would be\nglad to took to you about your future.\nWith kind regard, I am\nSincerely,\nFORD & GERALD LIBRARY\nRaymond J. Kimball, Esq.\nThe Superior Court\nCommonwealth of Massachusetts\nBoston, Massachusetts 04108\nMAR 31\nCOMMONWEALTH OF\nTHE SUPERIOR COURT\n1582\nBOSTON 02108\n68 Butler St.\nBoston, Mass. 02124\nMarch 26, 1975\nCharles E. Goodell\nChairman, Presidential Amnesty Board\nWhite House, 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.\nWashington, D.C.\nDear Senator Goodell:\nBy this letter I hope to reestablish contact with you\nand explore how I might offer my services to you and to the\nFord Administration. Since interning with your Senate staff\nduring my junior year at Williams College, I hoped that there\nmight be an opportunity to work with you again. In December,\n1973, I accepted a one-year clerkship with the Massachusetts\nSuperior Court for 1974-75. This committment precluded my\nremaining in Washington after graduation from law school\nduring the beginning of the Ford Administration. As the\nlaw clerk responsibilities near an end, it seemed appropriate\nnow to contact you.\nBriefly, I would be interested in your thoughts on how\nI might work with the Administration either in Washington or\nMassachusetts. Having attended George Washington University's\nNational Law Center, I developed special interests in\nadministrative law and intergovernmental relations. My areas\nof concentration were intergovernmental relations, grants-in-\naid, and budget policies with Prof. Ralph Nash, supervisor for\nthe Government Contracts and Intergovernmental Relations pro-\ngrams at the Law Center, and communications law with Prof.\nJerome Barron, former Dean of Syracuse Law School. I was\nhead of the appellate moot court programs in my senior year\nat the Law School, and have been law clerk to the Massachusetts\nSuperior Court (the State trial court) this year. Should I\nremain in Massachusetts rather than returning to Washington,\nI would be interested in how I might serve the Administration\nin Massachusetts. I am impressed with the Ford Administration's\nprograms in this difficult first year, and I firmly support\nthe Administration's goals and approach to governing the Nation.\n-2-\nI would look forward to meeting with you in Washington\nat your convenience. I will be visiting Washington next\nThursday, April 3, through Saturday, April 5, but would\nreturn to Washington at any time. I will call your office\nnext week, and would be pleased to hear from you.\nSincerely,\nD. Kintall\nRaymond J. Kimball, Esq.\nRaymond J. Kimball\nCOMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS\n26.MAR S. U.S. PM POSTAL SERVICE\nSERVIN\nMAIL\nAMER\nTHE SUPERIOR COURT\nBOSTON 02108\nUNITED\nSTATES\n1975\nUNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE\nCharles E. Goodell\nChairman, Presidential Amnesty Board\nPERSONAL\nWhite House- 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.\nWashington, D.C.\nPERSONAL\nApril 15, 1975\nDear Vinny:\nIn response to your letter of March 28, 1975,\nI would be glad to try to be of assistance in Washington\nshould you decide to come down here. It is possible that\nI might even be able to provide you two or three months interim\nemployment on the Clemency Board staff while you look at other\nprospects. We now have close to 19,000 cases which must be\ndisposed of by September. That means our big pressure will\nbe in May, June and July.\nIf you wish to provide immediately, I would suggest\nyou give me a ring and we can talk about it.\nGive my best to Betsy, and I wish her lots of\nluck onhhere application to G eorgetown Law School. Also,\nof course, give my warmest regards to your mother.\nWith kind regard, I am\nSincerely,\nVincent L. Morgan, Esq.\n94 WArren Avenue\nNew York, N.Y. 14217\nFORD : GERALD LIBRARY\n94 Warren Avenue\nKenmore, New York 14217\nMarch 28, 1975\nCharles Goodell, Esq.\nHydeman, Mason & Goodell\n1225 Nineteenth Street, N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nDear Charles,\nFran has probably told you of my charming\nwife's endeavor to enter the field of law. To this\nend she has scored a 736 on the Law School Aptitude Test\nand that, along with her excellent undergraduate record,\nassures her acceptance by a law school. In fact, Buffalo\nalready has accepted her.\nBetsy's other application was to the Georgetown\nLaw School and we are fairly certain she will be admitted\ndespite the tardiness of her application.\nWith that expectation, and in light of our growing\ndissatisfaction with practice in Buffalo, we are very\ninterested in coming to the Washington, D.C. area. Therefore,\nwe seek your assistance in directing me to a position of some\nkind in Washington. I am as equally interested in government\nand politics as I am in law practice and therefore my sights\nare not necessarily set on a position with a firm. To be more\nspecific, prison reform and the plight of Indians interest me\na great deal. Similarly so with media journalism and inter-\nnational law and diplomacy. If you would like a copy of my\nresume, please let me know.\nI hope this letter finds you in good health - and\nme a job. We send our regards and hope to hear from you soon.\nSincerely,\nVince\nVincent L. Morgan\nMay 1, 1975\nDear Sherry:\nThank you very much for sending along the material on\nChuck Bigler.\nThe Clemency Board is hiring only lawyers, but I shall\ncertainly pass this along to the person hiring to see if the staff\ncan use someone with his qualifications.\nI was very sorry to hear of your personal problems and\ncertainly hope things do settle down for you shortly.\nWith warm regard, I am\nSincerely,\nCharles E. Goodell\nMr. Sherwood L. Bochlert\n1527 Lengworth House Office Building\nWashington, D.C. 20515\nFORD i LIBRAR GERALD\nJOSEPH M. McDADE\nWASHINGTON OFFICE:\n10TH DISTRICT, PENNSYLVANIA\n2202 RAYBURN OFFICE BUILDING 20515\nAREA CODE 202 225-3731\nCOMMITTEE:\nAPPROPRIATIONS\nCongress of the United States\nDISTRICT OFFICE:\nNORTHEASTERN NATIONAL BANK BUILDING\nSELECT COMMITTEE ON\nSCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA 18503\nSMALL BUSINESS\nhouse of Representatives\nDIAMOND 6-3834\nWashington, D.C. 20515\nJuly 9, 1975\nMr. Charles Goodell\n2033 \"M\" Street N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nDear Mr. Goodell:\nIt was interesting to hear your talk at a recent Ripon\nSociety meeting, and to learn of the work you have been doing since\nreturning to Washington, D.C. You will remember me as the one who\ninterviewed you for the Jaws of Victory by the Ripon Society about\ntwo years ago.\nI have been working for Rep. Joseph M. McDade, R--Pennsyl-\nvania in a research/legislative asst. capacity, and seek to enhance\nmyself in government. I am writing you to see if you know of any\npositions for which I might qualify. The work I have been doing has\nbeen complementary with my writing experience, and I find being on\nthe inside of government to be quite satisfying. Mr. McDade is aware\nof my desire and will write me letters of recommendation. I have\nincluded my resume for your perusal.\nAs a result of my work on the Jaws of Victory, I was hired\nby Dr. Herbert E. Alexander to edit and write his Financing the 1972\nElection. Dr. Alexander is the nation's foremost expert on campaign\nfinancing. After completing my work on the book, my new bride and I\nmoved to Arlington, and I began working with Mr. McDade.\nI thank you for your consideration, and if you wish further\ninformation or letters of recommendation you have only to write or call\nme at Mr. McDade's office.\nSincerely,\nRichard Mwykeman\nRichard M. Dykeman\nBERALD R. FORD\nRESUME\nDYKEMAN, Richard Mills\nHOME: (703) 521-5995\n845 South Ivy Street\nMESSAGE: (202) 225-3731\nArlington, Virginia 22204\nPERSONAL: Age 32; born January 3, 1943, Seattle, Washington; married to\nWinnifred Saroch Dykeman; eyes, blue; hair, brown; height, 5'9\",\nweight, 155 pounds.\nEDUCATION: Chief Sealth High School, Seattle, college prep, 2.9 GPA;\nGraduated from University of Washington, Seattle, 1971;\nBachelor of Arts Political Science and Journalism, 2.5 GPA;\nHighline Community College, 1965-68, part-time; 1968-69 full-\ntime, 3.5 GPA. Seattle Pacific College, 1961-62.\nMILITARY: 1-Y, Physical (condition corrected by surgery, 1971)\nEXPERIENCE:\n1/75 to present: Legislative Assistant for Congressman Joseph M. McDade\n(10th District Pennsylvania); press, research, constituent\ncorrespondence, legislation, speeches, Congressional\nRecord inserts.\n5/74 to 1/75\nCitizen's Research Foundation, 245 Nassau St., Princeton,\nN.J. Writing, editing and researching the fourth in a\nseries FINANCING THE 1972 ELECTION, for Dr. Herbert\nAlexander, Director (the nation's foremost authority on\ncampaign finance). The book explores and analyzes the\nfinancial aspects of the 1972 election; will be published\nby Heath Lexington. Duties included: writing, editing,\nboiling down, research and some production details.\nSupervised one research assistant. I still consult on\nthe project.\n10/74 to present: Ralph Packman and Associates, Public Relations, 1918\nPine St., Philadelphia, Pa; Freelance edit small health\nrelated magazine for Washington, D.C. based association;\n135% increase in renewal rates since taking over magazine\nthat was losing before.\n1/73 to 6/73\nTHE JAWS OF VICTORY by Clifford W. Brown, published\nby Little Brown, Boston, June 1974. Researched and\nwrote several sections of the book, which was favorably\nreviewed in several publi cations including New York Times\nBook Review. Specialized in impact of the business com-\nmunity on the political system.\n12/73 to 4/74\nReturned to Seattle to administrate problems resulting\nfrom deaths in the family. Worked part-time for\nSchick Laboratories, Inc., as a smoking therapist, while\nsupervising the relocation of three relatives, repairing\nand selling real estate.\n6/73 to 11/73\nFreelance writer: for Stanford Sobel, New York City,\nindustrial movie maker and writer; Brace, Harcourt &\nJavonavich, DRIVE-IN FAST FOOD Magazine, New York City;\nBruce D. Johnson, Ph.D., Manhattanville College, 250\nWest 94th, NYC, research assistant and writer, drug\nRichard M. Dykeman\nRESUME page 2\nresearch published in several drug and narcotic journals.\n9/72 to 5/73\nEditor for Boat Owners Assn. of the United States,\na subsidiary of AAA; edited and wrote newsletter, news\nreleases and general promotional material; and other\nadministrative duties, including being in charge of the\nbooth at the 1973 Annapolis Boat Show.\n8/72\nMoved east from Seattle to Washington, D.C.\n7/71 to 8/72\nSeveral editorial capacities, but was forced to move\naround frequently because of adverse employment situation\nin Seattle, and because of corrective surgery. Jobs\nincluded; reporter, Longview Daily News; news writer,\nKIRO Television; and administration and PR for Schick\nLaboratories, Inc. (Schick rehired me when I was in\nSeattle settling family business.)\nFreelanced for Seattle Times, Seattle Post Intelligencer,\nAssociated Press, Tacoma News Tribune and Portland\nOregonian.\n10/69 to 8/72\nReporter and News Editor for U of W DAILY; part-time\nU of W Public Relations Dept.; Set-up PR effort for student\ngroup who spent Spring, 1970 in Washington, D.C.; wrote\nfor the above dailies and eight weeklies.\nPre-race publicity, promotion and handled the pess shack\non race day for 1970 running of Trans-America Road Race\nat Seattle International Raceways, Kent, Washington.\nAdvance work and publicity for Walter Hickel's party,\nat a banquet speech in his honor, Seattle, 1971.\nSports Editor and writer for Seattle weeklies: Highline\nTimes, White Center News, West Seattle Herald, Des Moines\nNews and Federal Way News.\n8/69\nQuit work to return to school.\n1/65 to 8/69\nElectronic Draftsman, The Boeing Airplane Co., Kent,\nWashington.\nAWARDS &\nACTIVITIES:\nToastmasters; church work; Who's Who in American Junior\nColleges; Outstanding Journalism Award; Scholarship\nfrom church.\nGSA FORM 43 (4 PART)\nDATE\nJan. 1970\n6/5\nB-143603\nCOMMUNICATIONS CONTROL SLIP\nFROM\nSteven Foote\nSUBJECT\napplicant for job with Sen. Goodell\nPREPARE REPLY FOR SIGNATURE OF\nRFRD\nRFRD\nRFRD\nRFRD\nCEG\nDATE\nDATE\nDATE\nDATE\n6/12\nREPLY DUE\nREPLY DISPATCHED\nFILE DESIGNATION\nSTAFF OR SERVICE MAIL\nFOLLOW-UP COPY 2\nJUN 6 1975\n4629 Roundhill Road\nEllicott City, Maryland 21043\nJune 5, 1975\nCharles E. Goodell\nRoom 461\nOld Executive Office Building\nWashington, D. C. 20500\nDear Senator Goodell:\nSeveral years ago, a secure 38th District Congressman on a brief\ncampaign stop in Fredonia asked me, a \"grass roots\" worker, what my\ncareer objectives were. I told him that I aspired to a career in the\nCongress. (Actually, I really wanted his job!) He told me that if\nhe could ever be of assistance\netc.\nMuch has changed since that time--certainly more dramatically\nfor you than for me. Fortunately, you have been \"vindicated\" and the\npurge was temporary--something I am personally pleased to see.\nAs I did many times in the past, I am calling on you again--this\ntime for assistance in helping me realize my near life-long ambition\nof a Washington career. I fully realize that the elector-electee\nrelationship no longer exists and I will fully understand if nothing\ncomes of this.\nWhat can I do well enough to make me confident that I am worthy\nof your consideration? I am especially competent in administrative\nwork of the type required of a good executive assistant or aide. I\nam experienced in PR, Speech and Report-writing and Liaison functions.\nIn way of a general summary, a brief resume is enclosed for your\nreview.\nI would sincerely appreciate any help, guidance or direction you\nmay be able to offer. I can be available at any time to discuss any\nthoughts you may have.\nThank you very much for your consideration.\nSincerely yours\nSteven P. Foote\nenclosure\nGERALD FORD\nSTEVEN P. FOOTE\n4629 Roundhill Road\nTelephone: Office (301) 547-4943\nEllicott City, Maryland 21043\nHome\n(301) 461-9207\nMarried\n2 Children\n6'2\"\n190 lbs.\nHealth: Excellent\nBorn: February 17, 1944\nEXPERIENCE:\n1973-Present: Executive Assistant to the Director of the\nTrust Division, Equitable Trust Company, Baltimore. I\nhandle the administrative, corporate planning, policy\ndevelopment and personnel functions of the 186-employee\nDivision and I am the primary financial officer, including\nbudget responsibility, for the $2 Billion in assets\norganization.\n1971-1973: CHIEF of Administrative Support Division for\nthe Army Special Research Detachment at the National\nSecurity Agency. In addition to handling all administra-\ntive and financial activities of the 60 man unit, I\ndeveloped an automated information repository for analyst\nuse world-wide. Supervised a staff of 10.\n1970-1971: Deputy Senior Intelligence Advisor to a\nVietnamese Infantry Division. Edited a daily comprehensive\nintelligence report for use at the highest Army levels in\nVietnam. Supervised 12.\n1969-1970: Staff Coordinator for the Commander-in-Chief\nU.S. Army Europe in U.S. Dealings with the Soviet Military\nLiaison Mission, West Germany.\nEDUCATION:\nGRADUATE: MBA Candidate, evening school. Will receive\ndegree in August 1975. President of MBA Association.\nUNDERGRADUATE: BA in Political Science and Economics,\nState University of New York.\nADDITIONAL\nEXPERIENCE:\nConsultant for the Small Business Administration. Charter\nmember of Baltimore Chapter of the Active Corp of Executives\n(ACE). Creative Consultant to a Baltimore TV series.\nREFERENCES:\nAvailable upon request.\nWe hold these Truths\n4629 Roundhill Road\nEllicott City, Maryland 210,43\nPOSTAL 1975 5 PM SERVICE JUN 010 MD\nU.S.M.IL\n10\nUNITED STATES 10\nNITED STATES POSTAL SERV\nCharles E. Goodell\nRoom 461\nOld Executive Office Building\nPERSONAL\nWashington, D. C. 20500"
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