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Canada - State Department Telegrams: To SECSTATE - NODIS (2)
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1525010
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Canada - State Department Telegrams: To SECSTATE - NODIS (2)
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Presidential Country Files for Europe and Canada (Ford Administration)
Europe and Canada Country Files
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Angola
Mexico
Venezuela
Cuba
Canada
Nuclear weapons
Nuclear energy
Natural gas
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1525010
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1976-11-30
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11
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1976
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1976-02-01
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2
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1976
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The original documents are located in Box 3, folder "Canada - State Department Telegrams:
To SECSTATE - NODIS (2)" of the National Security Advisor. Presidential Country Files for
Europe and Canada, 1974-77 at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Copyright Notice
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford. donated to the
United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives
collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in
the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are
presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject
to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
4
WH
200-0
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
9 FED76Z1 15
29
TELEGRAM
4355
SECRET
NOD441
DECLASSIFIED
PAGE 01 OTTAWA 00524 01 OF 02 0918042 AUTHORITY state dept. new 8/1/00
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BY dal NARA, DATE 6/14/10
ACTION NODS-00
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
121657
0 091720Z FEB 76
N
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
To SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8765
STATE DEPT. DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW
X
Retain Class'n
Change to
O
S
LECRET T SECTION ! OF 2 OTTAWA 0524
Declassify in part and excise as shown
EO 12958, 25X( 6)()()
NODIS
2-
x
Declassify
X
After 1/1/2007
D
With concurrence
(not)(obtained)
FOR ARA ASSISTANT SECRETARY ROGERS ONLY
IPS by souch Sulser
Date 8/1/00
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: PFOR, CU, CA
SUBJ: BRIEFING ON TRUDEAUIS VISIT TO CUBA, MEXICO
S
AND VENEZUELA
1. ON FEBRUARY 7, IVAN HEAD, SPECIAL ADVISER FOR FOREIGN
AFFAIRS TO PRIME MINISTER TRUDEAU, GAVE TNO-AND-A=HALF HOUR
BRIEFING TO ARA ASST SECRETARY WILLIAM D. ROGERS ON
TRUDEAU'S LATE JANUARY VISIT TO MEXICO, CUBA, AND
VENEZUELA, IN WHICH HEAD PARTICIPATED. BRIEFING
N
STRUCTURED BY COMMENTS ON DISCUSSIONS IN EACH COUNTRY
IN FOLLOWING ORDER.
O
2. MEXICO. TRUDEAU VISIT SEEMED TO HAVE BEEN TREATED ON
HEAD OF STATE BASIS. IN USUAL LONG-WINDED FASHION,
ECHEVERRIA ELABORATED HIS VIEWS ON STATE OF MEXICAN
D
SOCIETY THROUGHOUT PAST CENTURY, SUGGESTING us HAD NOT
DEALT KINDLY WITH MEXICO IN DISTANT PAST. ECHEVERRIA
DID NOT EXPRESS ANY CURRENT ANTI-US ANIMUS AND SAID
MEXICO WAS IN FACT STILL DEPENDENT ON US. TRUDEAU, IN
RESPONSE TO PROPOSAL OF TRIANGULATION OF TRADE, SAID NOT MUCH
S
COULD BE DONE SHORT OF TUNNELLING BENEATH U.S.
3. MINISTERS WERE WELL BRIEFED AND THEIR PRESENTATIONS GOOD,
WITH EXCEPTION OF ROBLES, WHO GAVE TIRESOME ONE-HOUR
DISCOURSE ON DISARMAMENT. HIS SPECIAL INTEREST WAS IN
SECRET
LIBRARY GERALD FORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
200-0
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 OTTAWA 00524 01 OF 02 091804Z
NPT AND RECENT REVIEW CONFERENCE (HE USED WORD "REVISION"),
AT WHICH HE FOUND CANADIAN ATTITUDES DESERVING
HIS CRITICISM.
4. IN MEXICO, TRUDEAU PARTY RASIED FOLLOWING THREE
SUBJECT FOR DISCUSSION - NIEO-CERDS; NPT, AND LOS.
(1) ON NIED-CERDS, MEXICANS ASKED WHY CANADA HAD BEEN
UNABLE SUPPORT CHARTER, TRUDEAU COUNTERED WITH QUESTION
ZODIU
OF WHY SUBJECT COULD NOT BE APPROACHED ON NON-CONFRONTATIONAL
BASIS. ECHEVERRIA REPLIED THERE WAS NO OTHER WAY.
TRUDEAU THEN MENTIONED COMMONWEALTH PRACTICE OF CONCILIATORY
APPROACH. CONCLUSION WAS THAT PERHAPS IT WOULD BE POSSIBLE FOR
CANADA AND MEXICO TO FIND COMMON GROUND. (2) ON NPT, CANADIANS
EXPRESSED HOPE ALL COULD AGREE THAT PNEIS WERE NEITHER SAFE
NOR COST-EFFECTIVE, MEXICANS RESPONDED THAT EXPLOSION
WAS NECESSARY EN ROUTE TO CREATION OF POWER. AFTER
CANADIANS ESSAYED EXPLANATION EXPLOSION UNNECESSARY, THEY
THOUGHT PERHAPS ECHEVERRIA GOT THE MESSAGE. (3) DN
Los, CANADIANS MADE STRONG PITCH FOR MULTILATERAL
NEGOTIATION OF NEW MARITIME REGIME. ECHEVERRIA SAID
PRESSURE WAS GREAT FOR EARLY ACTION. CANADIANS SAID THEY
SHARED MEXICO'S OBJECTIVES, BUT DISAGREED WITH
TACTICS. MEXICANS DID NOT RAISE SUBJECT OF TWELVE-
NATION, CARIBBEAN "MATRIMONIAL" FISHERIES PACT. ROGERS
COMMENTED THAT MEXICO COULD PLAY A KEY ROLE IN MATTER.
200-0
5. ON CAS AND POSSIBLE CANADIAN MEMBERSHIP, ECHEVERRIA TOOK
NEUTRAL STANCE. SAYING CANADIANS SHOULD MAKE UP THEIR OWN
MINOS. ECHEVERRIA MADE NO SUGGESTIONS (AS PEREZ DID LATER)
THAT CANADA ESTABLISH CONNECTION WITH SELA.
6. TRUDEAU AND PARTY HAD MEETING WITH LOPEZ PORTILLO AND
WERE IMPRESSED WITH HIS WARMTH AND COMPETENCE, WHICH ME
DEMONSTRATED IN DISCUSSION OF PROBLEMS OF LONG-
DISTANCE POWER TRANSMISSION.
7. TRUDEAU RAISED ANGOLA WITH ECHEVERRIA, WHO SAID MEXICO
WAS OPPOSED TO CUBAN INTERVENTION. HIS FIRST PUBLIC
MENTION OF SUBJECT (ACCORDING TO HEAD) WAS IN PRESS
CONFERENCE DURING VISIT (TEXT BY SEPTEL).
GERALD
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
200-0
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
SECRET
PAGE 03 OTTAWA 00524 01 OF 02 091804Z
8. DISCUSSIONS ON TOURISM AND COMMERCE WERE HARAMONIOUS,
BUT VAGUE. CANADIANS GOT LITTLE OF SUBSTANCE FROM MEXICANS ON
SUBJECTS OF OIL AND PHOSPHATE EXPORTS. ROGERS COMMENTED THAT
EVIDENCE WAS ACCUMULATING THAT THEIR OIL RESERVES WERE
CONSIDERABLE. HEAD SAID CULTURAL AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED, BUT
IT WAS OF NO SPECIAL NOTE. FOOTING ON OTHER BILATERAL
MATTERS WAS GOOD. TRUDEAU MENTIONED TO PRIVATE GROUP THAT
CANADA HAD LOANED ONE BILLION DOLLARS TO MEXICAN
ZODIU
INTERESTS.
9. ON BELIZE, MEXICANS SAID THAT HAD "BLOCKED"
GUATEMALAIS CLAIM.
10. ECHEVERRIA DID NOT VOICE TO CANADIANS ASPIRATIONS
TO BE SYG. THEIR IMPRESSION FROM OTHER SOURCES WAS THAT
HE WOULD PREFER TO RUN THIRD
WORLD UNIVERSITY,
11. VENEZUELA. ON BILATERAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS, TRUDEAU
RASIED MATTER OF CANADA'S TRADE DEFICIT WITH VENEZUELA,
AND PEREZ AGREED SOMETHING HAD TO BE DONE, THOUGH HE WANTED
CANADA TO INCREASE ITS OIL IMPORTS FROM ESTIMATED 270,000 B/D
CURRENTLY. CANADA WAS INTERESTED IN MAKING RAILWAY
AND SUBWAY SALES, THOUGH IT APPRECIATED NO EARLY
RESULTS LIKELY. CANADIANS PROPOSED UMBRELLA-TYPE
AGREEMENT COVERING TRADE, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND
200-0
so ON. VENEZUELANS AGREED, THOUGH PEREZ SAID STUDY
WOULD BE UNDERTAKEN FIRST, FOLLOWED IN TWO MONTHS BY VISIT
OF VENEZUELAN OFFICIALS TO CANADA.
12. ON SELA, VENEZUELANS SUGGESTED CANADA BECOME INVOLVED,
AND CANADIANS AGREED TO PURSUE THOUGHT OF CONNECTION.
13. ON DAS, PEREZ SAID CANADA SHOULD CONSIDER FULL
MEMBERSHIP. OAS WAS NOT DEAD, THOUGH NOT MUCH THOUGHT
LBRAIR GERALD FORD
WAS BEING GIVEN TO RESTRUCTURING IT AND REFORM WAS HARDLY
A LIVELY ISSUE.
14. CANADIANS INVITED PEREZ TO VISIT CANADA, HOPEFULLY
THIS FALL. THEY EXPRESSED PREFERENCE TO ROGERS THAT IF PEREZ
WERE TO VISIT US ON SAME JOURNEY THAT CANADIAN VISIT TAKE
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
200-0
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 04 OTTAWA 00524 01 OF 02 0918042
PLACE FIRST. THEY REITEREATED OLD SENSITIVITY ABOUT
CANADIAN CALLS so FREQUENTLY BEING TACKED ON TO
PRIOR us VISITS.
15. ON ANGOLA, VENEZUELANS MADE FIRST PUBLIC MENTIONED
(ACCORDING TO HEAD) OF THEIR OPPOSITION TO CUBAN INTERVENTION
DURING CANADIAN VISIT (TEXT BY SEPTEL). PEREZ WAS NOT
ZODIU
CRITICAL OF CUBAN POLICIES IN LOCAL AREA. HE MADE NO
CIRTICISM OF CANADIAN VISIT TO CUBA.
200-0
GERALD FORD
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
OF STATE
O
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
9 FEB76Z 30
TELEGRAM
D
SECRET
NOD446
PAGE 01 OTTAWA 00524 02 OF 02 0918332
S
42.
ACTION NODS-00
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
122497
0 0917207 FEB 76
N
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8766
O
S E C R E T SECTION 2 OF 2 OTTAWA 0524
NODIS
D
FOR ARA ASSISTANT SECRETARY ROGERS ONLY
16. PEREZ SUGGESTED THAT TRUDEAU ATTEND CONFERENCE OF NATIONS
OF HEMISPHERE IN PANAMA IN JUNE.
LIBRATE GERALD R.FORD
S
17. ON GUYANAN BORDER ISSUE, PEREZ SAID MORATORIUM WOULD NOT
BE BREECHED.
18. VENEZUELANS (HERNANDEZ) OFERED VIEW THAT KIDNAPPING OF OPEC
MINISTERS IN VIENNA HAD BEEN LED BY CARLOS. BUT THEY DID
NOT STRONGLY PUSH ANY PROPOSALS FOR COMBATTING TERRORISM,
THOUGH ONE OFFICIAL MENTIONED THE DESIRABILITY OF REFUSING
N
HIJACKERS ASYLUM.
19. TRUDEAU GARNERED IMPRESSION THAT VENEUELANS WERE SATIS=
O
FIED THAT PANAMIS "JUST CLAIMS OF SOVEREIGNTY" WERE BEING MET
IN NEGOTIATIONS ON FUTURE OF CANAL. ROGERS SKETCHED PROGRESS
OF NEGOTIATIONS AND EMPHASIZED HOPE ALL COUNTRIES SHARED INTER-
D
EST IN FACILITY OPEN TO WORLD COMMERCE AND TENDERED BELIEF US THERE
AS ITS SURROGATE,
20. ON NPT, VENEZUELANS WERE RECEPTIVE TO EXPRESSION BY CANADIANS
OF THEIR CONCERN OVER BRAZILIAN PROGRAM CHEAD ASKED SPECIAL
PROTECTION IN THIS PARA). PEREZ WANTED TRUDEAU TO KNOW HE
S
HAD BEEN FEARFUL OF WHAT MIGHT BE ARRANGED BETWEEN FRG AND BRAZIL
AND, IF BRAZIL WENT NUCLEAR, OF ARGENTINAIS DOING THE SAME.
PERIZ SAID HE HAD LEARNED FROM FRG OFFICIAL OR NATIONAL THAT FRG
WAS NOT ITSELF INTERESTED IN GOING NUCLEAR, AND WAS NOT
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
S
PAGE 02 OTTAWA 00524 02 OF 02 0918332
INTERESTED IN BRAZIL'S GOING NUCLEAR, HE HAD RECEIVED ASSUR=
ANCE FROM THIS INDIVIDUAL THAT FRG WOULD NOT PASS TO BRAZIL
NUCLEAR MATERIAL OF WEAPONS-PRODUCING NATURE. (HEAD WOULD
APPRECIATE LEARNING IDENTITY OF THIS INDIVIDUAL IF ASCERTAINABLE.)
N
21, CUBA. CASTRO HIMSELF RAISED SUBJECT OF DISCRETION IN-
VOLVED FOR CANADIANS IN VISITING CUBA. HE EXPRESSED GRATI-
TUDE TO CANADA CAND MEXICO) FOR ITS POSITION DURING ALL CUBA'S
HARD YEARS, ESPECIALLY ITS FRIENDSHIP DURING BLOCKADE.
22. CASTRO INVOKED NO SPECIAL TIRADE AGAINST US. HE MADE USUAL
D
DISTINCTION BETWEEN USG AND AMERICAN PEOPLE. ON SUBJECT OF
NORMALIZATION OF RELATIONS WITH us, HE SAID USG WOULD EVENTUALLY
HAVE TO RECOGNIZE REALITY OF CUBA.
23. CASTRO WAS FRANK ABOUT RECEIPT SOVIET ASSISTANCE. HE VOLUN-
TEERED THAT OPEC'S HIGH OIL PRICES HURT LOC'S MORE THAN INDUS-
S
TRIALIZED COUNTRIES. HE SAID HE HAD BEEN MAKING THIS POINT
TO LOC'S. CANADIANS ENCOURAGED HIM TO CONTINUE DOING SO,
24. ON MIDDLE EAST, CASTRO WAS VAGUE. HE SAID IT WAS WRONG
TO CAST OUT ISRAEL, BUT WRONG AT SAME TIME TO DENY PALESTINIANS,
SECURE AND RECOGNIZED BOUNDARIES WERE NEEDED.
N
25. CASTRO RAISED CHILE, BLAMING ROLE OF US. THERE WAS NO
LIBRAT GERALD R.FORD
DISCUSSION OF PANAMA.
26. CASTRO WAS INTERESTED IN DISCUSSING BILATERAL TRADE, NOTING
NEED FOR MECHANIZATION OF PORT FACILITIES. CANADIANS EXPRESSED
INTEREST AS SUPPLIERS. CASTRO DID NOT MENTION us RESTRICTIONS
D
ON CANADIAN-CUBAN TRADE.
27. ON ANGOLA, HEAD COMMENTED TO ROGERS THAT NEITHER CASTRO
NOR TRUDEAU MENTIONED MATTERS OF CUBAN LANDINGS AT GANDER AND
FUTURE USE OF DC-8'S.
S
28. PRINCIPAL DISCUSSUION OF ANGOLA TOOK PLACE EVENING SPENT
AT SMALL LIGHTHOUSE ISLAND. CASTRO COMMENCED WITH HISTORICAL
REVIEW, CITING LONG INTEREST IN AFRICA AND FRIENDSHIP WITH
TOURE AND OTHERS. CUBA HAD EARLY ON OFFERED SUPPORT TO MPLA
(FURNISHING MILITARY TRAINING AS WAS SUBSEQUENTLY REVEALED IN
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
S
PAGE 03 OTTAWA 00524 02 OF 02 091833Z
CASTRO'S ACCOUNT), BUT HAD HAD NO INTENTION OF INTERVENING
FURTHER. BUT ON OCTOBER 23, SOUTH AFRICAN FORCES CAME UPON
CUBAN MILITARY TRAINING SCHOOL NEAR BENGUELA, KILLING ALL CUBANS
THERE. THEN, ZAIREAN FORCES ENTERED THE CONFLICT. MPLA INVITED
CUBAT TO SEND TROOPS, AND HE CHOSE TO RESPOND BECAUSE SOUTH
N
AFRICA AND ZAIRE WERE THERE - AND CLANDESTINELY, OTHERWISE,
HE FELT ANGOLA WOULD LOSE. HE MADE DECISION WITHOUT CONSULTA-
TION WITH SOVIETS. IT WAS HIS MEN, HIS TRANSPORT, HIS MONEY.
29. TRUDEAU ASKED AT THIS POINT WHY CASTRO DID NOT FAVOR NON-
INTERVENTION. TRUDEAU SAID CASTRO'S ACTION HAD DRIVEN WEDGES
BETWEEN HIS (TRUDEAU'S) FRIENDS KUADDA, NYERERE, AND KHAMA.
CASTRO AGREED THERE WAS AN APPROPRIATENESS IN NON-INTERVENTION,
BUT HE HAD BEEN INVITED. IT WAS NOT INTERVENTION ON HIS PART,
MOREOVER, SINCE CUBANS HAD AN AFRICAN INHERITANCE. FURTHER,
THE FORCES OF LIBERTY AND PROGRESS HAD TO STAND TOGETHER.
S
30. HEAD SAID HE THEN ASKED CASTRO HOW HE (CASTRO) COULD JUSTIFY
INTERVENTION WHEN EVEN AFRICANS WERE NOT INVOLVED. HE ASKED
IF CASTRO HAD CONSIDERED WHETHER HE WAS BEING USED TO DO NIGERIA'S
BUSINESS AGAINST ZAIRE, DID HE WANT A HOSTILE ZAIRE? DID HE
WANT TO EARN HATRED BEING THE WHITE MAN ENEMY IN AFRICA?
31. CASTRO REPLIED THAT CUBA WOULD LEAVE WHEN THE MPLA ASKED
N
IT TO GO. HEAD SAID HE RISKED BEING CAUGHT AND TIED DOWN.
AFRICANS WANT TO SETTLE THEIR OWN AFFAIRS. THE DAU IS ANTAGON-
IZED OVER THE ISSUE AND SPLIT DOWN THE MIDDLE. WHEN CASTRO
SAID THAT THE GOOD GUYS (NYERERE, BOUMEDIENE, GADHAFI) WERE
ON HIS SIDE, HEAD RESPONDED THAT NYERERE HAD TOLD HIM AT THE TIME
OF BIAFRA THAT THE WHITE MAN (INCLUDING CANADIANS) SHOULD STAY
D
OUT OF AFRICA.
32. CASTRO SAID THAT KAUNDA WAS INTERESTED ONLY IN THE
LERAITY GERALD R.FORD
ECONOMICS OF THE SITUATION, NOTABLY* THE RAILWAY TO THE COAST.
HEAD REPLIED THAT, ON THE CONTRARY, KAUNDA COULD NOT BE WRITTEN
OFF IN THOSE TERMS, THAT KAUNDA HAD TOLD HIM HE HAS
S
WILLING TO MAKE ECONOMIC SACRIFICES.
33. CASTRO THEN SAID IT WAS A MISTAKE TO EMPHASIZE COMMONWEALTH
TIES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE. LOOK AT SOUTH AFRICA. HEAD RESPONDED
THAT SOUTH AFRICA WAS NOT IN THE COMMONWEALTH, NOR IN THE DAU.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
S
PAGE 04 OTTAWA 00524 02 OF 02 0918332
34. CASTRO CONJECTURED THE MPLA WOULD WIN AN ELECTION, TO WHICH
HEAD SAID IT WOULD NOT BECAUSE IT HAD ONLY ITS TRIBAL CONSTI-
TUENCY. CASTRO SAID IT WOULD WIN ON THE BASIS OF IDEOLOGY.
HEAD SAID HE HAD AN INSUFFICIENT APPRECIATION OF AFRICAN
N
SCENE. NYERERE AND KAUNDA WERE TOGETHER ON RHODESIA, BUT WERE
BEING DIVIDED BY CUBA ON THIS ISSUE. NAMIBIA WAS NOT HIGH ON
THEIR LIST AND WAS IN FACT JUST AHEAD OF SOUTH AFRICA AS A
TARGET.
35. CASTRO THEN SAID THAT IF AND ASSUMING THE SOUTH AFRICANS
PULLED BACK, THE CUBANS WOULD BEGIN TO PULL OUT, CONSISTENT
WITH THEIR OBLIGATIONS TO THE MPLA, IN PERHAPS THREE HEEKS.
(HEAD SAID THAT RODRIGUEZ TOLD HIM THE NEXT DAY THAT THE CUBANS
HAD BEEN SPLIT OVER WHETHER TO SEND TROOPS AND THEN WERE DIVIDED
OVER HOW LONG TO KEEP THEM THERE, CASTRO FAVORING THE SHORTER
PERIOD OF THREE WEEKS, HEAD ESTIMATED THEY HOULD CONTINUE TO
S
REEVALUATE THE SITUATION.)
36. HEAD GIVE HIS ANALYSIS TO ROGERS THAT CASTRO HAD MADE A
VERY CONSIDERED ASSESSMENT BEFORE TAKING HIS ACTION. HE THOUGHT
HE WAS NOT A SOVIET PAWN AND WAS PERHAPS AN UNCONTROLLABLE
EMBASSASSMENT TO THE SOVIETS. AT NO POINT HAD CASTRO INDICATED
THE NUMBER OF CUBAN TROOPS IN ANGOLA. HE HAD SAID NO FIGHTER
N
AIRCRAFT WERE IN USE ON EITHER SIDE. CASTRO SEEMED INDIFFERENT
ABOUT HIS IMAGE ELSEWHERE IN THIS REGARD.
37. WHEN ASKED WHAT SUGGESTIONS HE MIGHT HAVE HIMSELF, HEAD
SAID THAT IF THE SOUTH AFRICANS COULD BE PERSUADED TO PULL
BACK, MAYBE CUBA WOULD WITHDRAW.
D
38. ALSO PRESENT AT ABOVE BRIEFING WERE JIM NUTT, DIRECTOR
GENERAL OF WESTERN HEMISPHERE AFFAIRS BUREAU, EXTAFF, PIERRE
CHARPENTIER, DIRECTOR OF LATIN AMERICAN DIVISION, EXTAFF,
AND CHARGE.
S
JOHNSON
GERALD
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
OF STATE
4361
in
FEB 76Z 23
15
002524
200-0
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
N0D599
COPY 6 OF 15 COPIES
TIONAL
PAGE 01 OTTAWA 00555 102239Z
EIVED
61
ACTION NODS-00
INFO OCT-01 /001 W
012005
0 1021482 FEB 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8787
SECRET OTTAWA 0555
ZODIU
NODIS
FOR ARA SECRETARY ROGERS ONLY
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: PFOR, AO, CA
SUBJ: TRUDEAU PRESS STATEMENTS ON ANGOLA IN CARACAS AND
MEXICO CITY
REF: OTTAWA 0524
1. CHARPENTIER OF EXTAFF RECONFIRMED TO ME TODAY THAT BOTH PEREZ
(IN CARACAS) AND ECHEVERRIA CIN MEXICO CITY) MADE PUBLIC
MENTION OF SUBJECT OF ANGOLA IN RESPECTIVE PRESS CONFERENCES
(JOINT IN CARACAS, SEPARATE IN MEXICO CITY), HELD WITH PRIME
MINISTER TRUDEAU DURING HIS VISITS THERE. CHARPENTIER
WAS PRESENT AND RECALLS EACH SAYING HE OPPOSED ANY FOREIGN
INTERVENTION IN ANGOLA. UNFORTUNATELY, CHARPENTIER REPORTS
HE MISINFORMED us: HE DOES NOT HAVE TEXTS. HE HAS TEXTS
ZODIU
ONLY OF TRUDEAU'S REMARKS, WHICH CONTAIN FOLLOWING REFERENCES
TO ANGOLA QUESTION:
A. PRESS VONFERENCE IN CARACAS FEBRUARY 2; BETIN QUOTE BUT
IN AREAS WHERE WE CAND THE CUBANS) HAVE POLITICAL DIFFERENCES
THEY WERE MADE QUITE CLEAR AND ALMOST BRUTALLY FRANK ON THE
ANGOLAN QUESTION, FOR INSTANCE. THERE IS NO DOUBT IN THE CUBANS'
MINDS AS TO WHAT OUR POSITION IS, I DON'T KNOW WHAT PARTICULAR
CRITICISM HAS BEEN RAISED BACK HOME OR HERE AS YOU SAY IN venezue=
LAN JOURNALS, YOU HAVE TO KEEP IN MIND THAT THESE PEOPLE
KNOW EACH OTHER, THEY ARE NOT GOING TO BE INFLUENCED BY MY
SECRET
FOHD
GG 10/15/01
LIBRARY
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
200-0
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 OTTAWA 00555 1022397
MARTICULAR WAY OF REACTING TO HOSPITALITY. PRESIDENT PEREZ
AND PREMIER CASTRO HAVE KNOWN EACH OTHER A VERY LARGE NUMBER
OF YEARS AND I BELIEVE THEY WERE BOTH IN EXILE TOGETHER
FIGHTING DICTATORSHIPS IN THEIR RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES. I
AM NOT SURE ABOUT PRESIDENT ECHEVERRIA, BUT OBVIOUSLY MEXICO
AND CUBA HAVE MAINTAINED RELATIONS WITH CUBA BEING THE ONLY
OTHER COUNTRY IN THE HEMISPHERE TO DO SO WITH CANADA. I DON'T,
QUITE FRANKLY, AT HOME THERE MAY BE SOME MISUNDERSTANDING,
I'LL CLEAR THAT UP IF NEEDS BE WHEN I GET BACK BY REMINDING
CANADIANS ONCE AGAIN THAT THE CONSERVATIVE GOVERNMENT IS THE
GOVERNMENT THAT KEPT RELATIONS AND MAINTAINED RELATIONS WITH
ZODIU
CUBA AND THEREFORE IN A SENSE WE ARE FOLLOWING A BILATERAL
POLICY, BY-PARTISAN POLICY. BUT INSOFAR AS PEOPLE IN THE REGION
ARE CONCERNED, I CAN ASSURE YOU THAT THE LEADERS THAT I MET
HAVE THEIR OWN IDEAS AND HAVE MADE UP THEIR OWN MIND ABOUT
CASTRO AND ABOUT HIS ROLE IN ANGOLA AND THEY DON'T NEED MY
LEAD TO KNOW WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT. I THINK THEIR FEARS
ARE PERHAPS EVEN GREATER THAN OURS BECAUSE THEY ARE IN THE
CARISBEAN BASIN AND THEY ARE PROBABLY MORE CONCERNED ABOUT
WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN AS A RESULT OF THE ANGOLAN INTERVENTION THAN
CANADA FROM A MORE REMOVED POSITION IS.
END QUOTE.
B. PRESS CONFERENCE IN MEXICO CITY JANUARY 25 CONTAINED
NO REFERENCE TO ANGOLA.
C. PRESS CONFERENCE IN HAVANA JANUARY 26: BEGIN QUOTE
ZODIU
WELL, THE CANADIAN VIEW ON ANGOLA HAS BEEN STATED PUBLICLY
BY MACEACHEN AND BY MYSELF TO THOSE WHO ASKED: THAT WE ARE
AGAINST MILITARY INTERVENTION BY OUTSIDERS IN ALL PARTS OF
THE WORLD. WE WERE AGAINST IT PREVIOUSLY, WE REMAIN AGAINST
IT NOW, AND WE WILL REMAIN AGAINST IT IN THE FUTURE. WE DON'T
THINK THAT INTERVENTION BY... (BREAK IN TAPE) LEAD TO AN
ENLARGING OF THE HOSTILITIES RATHER THAN A REDUCTION OF THEM.
BUT I DON'T EXPECT PREMIER CASTRO TO SHARE MY OPINION, AND
I THINK THAT ON MANY AREAS WE WILL HAVE TO AGREE TO DISAGREE.
END QUOTE
D. PRESS CONFERENCE IN HAVANA JANUARY 29: BEGIN QUOTE
SECRET
4
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PAGE 03 OTTANA 00555 102239Z
WELL, THE WAY IN WHICH I WOULD CHARACTERIZE THE TALKS (WITH
S
CASTRO) IS TO USE THE USUAL CLICHE, THEY WERE VERY FRANK AND
FULL. BUT IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE, I THINK THE CLICHE IS MORE
THAN THAT, IT IS A REALITY. THERE WAS VERY EXTENSIVE EXPLOR-
ATION NOT ONLY OF ANGOLA BUT OF THE WHOTE BALANCE OF POWER
IN AFRICA, THE APPRECIATION OF DIFFERENT THRENDS, OF DIFFERENT
COUNTIRES AND LEADERS. I FOUND PREMIER CAST EXTREMELY
WELL INFORMED ON AFRICA. I HAVE SOME SLIGHT KNOWLEDGE OF IT
BECAUSE OF MY SEVERAL MEETINGS WITH WELL-KNOWN COMMONWEALTH
LEADERS THERE, AND I CERTAINLY WAS IN A POSITION TO APPRECIATE
THE QUALITY OF HIS ASSESSMENT OF THESE PEOPLE AND I COULD
NODIS
ADD TO THAT SEVERAL OTHER WORLD LEADERS THAT I KNOW THROUGH
THE COMMONWEALTH, FOR INSTANCE PRIME MINISTER MANLEY, OF
JAMAICA. IT WAS OBVIOUS TO ME THAT PREMIER CASTRO HAD MADE
THIS DECISION WITH A GREAT DEAL OF THOUGHT AND OF FEELING FOR
THE STRATEGIC SITUATION IN AFRICA. YOU KNOW, THIS WASN'T
JUST A SHORT, QUICK ANSWER TO A SHORT, QUICK QUESTION; THERE
WAS A VERY LENGTHY ATTEMPT ON BOTH SIDES TO INFLUENCE THE
OTHER, I SUPPOSE. I CAN'T SAY THAT I HAVE CHANGED MY MIND ON
THE IMPORTANCE OF NON-INTERVENTION, AND I THINK I WOULD BE
FOOLHARDY TO ASSUME THAT I CHANGED PREMIER CASTRO'S MIND.
BUT I CERTAINLY CAME OUT OF THE TALK WITH A MUCH GREATER
KNOWLEDGE OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE AFRICAN SITUATION VIEWED
FROM THE PARTICULR SOCIALIST POINT OF VIEW OF PREMIER CASTRO,
AND I HOPE THAT HE ALSO BENEFITED FROM SOME OF THE IDEAS AND
ARGUMENTS THAT I PUT FORTH. END QUOTE
2. FULL TEXTS ABOVE FOUR PRESS CONFERENCES POUCHED TO YOU TODAY,
ZODIU
3. COMMENT: WILLIAM MADER, TIME MAGAZINE OTTAWA BUREAU CHIEF
WHO ACCOMPANIED OFFICIAL PARTY, TOLD ME THAT ANGOLA COME UP AT
ECHEVERRIA PRESS CONFERENCE IN QUESTION. IN REPLYING,
ECHEVERRIA NEVER USED WORK "ANGOLA", BUT SAID HE HAD BEEN
AGAINST FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN VIETNAM AND WAS OPPOSED TO
IT IN PRINCIPLE IN OTHER PLACES.
JOHNSON
FORD
A
BERALD
LIBRARY
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NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
MORTH C. 16
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STATES
PAGE 01 OTTAWA 01187 250826Z
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61
ACTION NODS-30
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INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 1001 W
035372
0 242357Z MAR 76
FR AMERBASSY OTTANA
TO SECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 9240
DECLASSIFIED
& ECRET OTTAWA 1187
E.O. 12958 SEC. 3.6
NOOIS
MR07-62,#6; state ltr 11/14/07
DISTRIBUTE TO STATE AND NSC ONLY
BY. dal NARA DATE 9/9/08
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: DVIF (TRUDEAU, P. E.), CN
SUBJ: TRUDEAU ON RELATIONS WITH U.S.
1. SUMMARY. IN MY FIRST HOUR-LONG CONVERSATION ALONE
WITH HIM ON MAPCH 23, TRUDEAU AGREED THAT OUR ECONOMIC
RELATIONS WILL PROBABLY IMPROVE WITH THE BUSINESS
CYCLE, MAINTAINED THAT CANADIAN CULTURAL NATIONALISM
HOULD NOT RPT NOT BE A PROBLEM BETWEEN US IN THE FUTURE,
BUT SAID HF. COULD SEE us CLASHING ON SUCH IDEOLOGICAL
ISSUES AS THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ECONOMY, INCLUDING
PUBLIC CYNERSHIP OF ENTERPRISE. HE SAID WE SHOULD TRY
TRY TU CONCEPTUALIZE OUR RELATINSHIP MORE: SUGGESTED WE
72
MEET OCCASIONALLY AT LUNCH TO DO SO. END SUMMARY.
2. TRUDEAU KEPT COMING BACK TO THE CENTRAL ISSUE OF HOW
IN THE FACE OF THE PULL OF U.S. CONSUMPTION STANDARDS
THE CANADIAN ECONOMY COULD BE REORGANIZED TOWARD MORE
PUBLIC AND LESS PRIVATE CONSUMPTION, WITH CURBS ON
ADVERTISING AND MORE PUBLIC OWNERSHIP. IF HE
WANTED TO DETER CANADIAN ADVERTISING GY TAXATION,
TRUDEAU SAID, THAT HOULD ONLY INCREASE CANADIAN DEMAND
FOR AMERICAN PRODUCTS. IF HE WANTED TO DETER PRIVATE
CONSUMPTION IN CANADA, CANADIANS WOULD CONSTANTLY HAVE
THEIR EYES ON THE HIGHER AMERICAN STANDARD, AND WOULD
RESIST. IF HE WANTED TO NATIONALIZE INDUSTRY,
SECRET
LIBERT GERALD
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N
OF STATE
UNITED
Department of State
AMERICA
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STATES OF
PAGE 22 OTTARA 01187 2507262
INCLUDING ITS FIRMS, US PUBLIC OPINION WOULD REVOLT.
TRUDEAU SAID THAT IT WAS THIS SORT OF ISSUE, NOT
S
CANADIAN CULTURE OP THE CLASSIC ENERGY AND ECONOMIC
DISPUTES WE NOW HAVE, THAT NOULD CAUSE CONFLICT BETWEEN
US IN THE FUTURE. CANADIAN CULTURE HAS JUST ABOUT
REACHED THE POINT WHERE RESTRICTIVE ACTION SUCH AS
AGAINST BEGIN UNDERLINE TIME END UNDERLINE
NO LONGER BE NECESSARY.
3. I REPLIED THAT THERE IS PROBABLY A LOT MORE SCOPE
FOR: SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT IN OUR ECONOMICES THAN WE THINK.
MOST OF TRUDEAU'S EXAMPLES COULD BE IMPLEMETED BY AN
IMAGINATIVE USE OF EXCHANGE RATE, TAX AND TARIFF CHANGES,
AND. I DESCRIBED TO HIM Har HE WOULD 00 IT, THE IMPORTANT
THING, I ARGUED, WAS TO AVOID TRYING TO ENGINEER SEPARATE
DEVELOPMENT BY RESTRICTING EXCHANGES. Ht COULD SEE THE
SORT OF PUBLIC RESENTMENT SUCH ACTION HAS GENERATED THESE
LAST YEARS. IF THOSE RESENTMENTS NERE ALLORED TO DEVELOP,
THEY COULD CAST OUR RELATIONSHIP IN ADVERSARY MODE IN
SPITE OF THE EFFORT OF GOVERNMENT TO AVOID IT. ON
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP, I TOLU HIM THAT. HE NAS QUITE RIGHT
ABOUT US OPINION, BUT THAT AS A GOVERNMENT ME DON'T
CONTEST EXPROPRIATION FOR AUTHETIC PUBLIC PURPOSES,
PROVIDED THERE IS FULL PAYMENT. WHEN CANADA WANTS TO
CHANGE A SECTOR OF OUR RELATIONSHIP, I SAID, MAIN THING
IS FOR US TO COOPERATE ON THE WHOLE SCENARIO RATHER THAN
HAVE INDIVIDUAL ACTIONS POP UP WITHOUT CONTROL.
N
4, TRUGEAU AGREED WITH THESE POINTS BUT REPEATED HIS
CONCERN THAT DIFFERING PHILOSUPHIES ON HOW TO ORGANIZE
OUR DONESTIC ECONOMIES MAY LEAD US INTO CONFLICT.
5. ON INDIVIDUAL ISSUES, TRUDEAU EXPRESSED REGRET THAT
THE TIME DISPUTE CAME OUT AS IT DID (HE WOULD HAVE
PREFERRED THAT A CANADIANIZED TIME REMAIN) 1 PROFESSED
IGNORANCE OF THE TV COMMERCIAL DELETION ISSUE, BUT SAID
HE HOULD LOOK INTO IT, GIVEN THE POLITICAL TOPSIN ON
OUR SIDE: AND PROBED OUR ATTITUDES ON SASKATCHEWAN
POTASH, CUBA AND OTHER FOREIGN ISSUES WERE NOT DISCUSSED.
6, TRUDEAU CONCLUDED THAT WE SHOULD TRY TO CONCEPTUALIZE
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PAGE 03 OTTAWA 01187 2500267
DUR RELATIONSHIP MORE, PARTICULARLY IN ITS LONG-TERM
ASPECTS. HE SUGGESTED THAT WE INVITE EACH OTHER TO LUNCH
S
OCCASIONALLY TO no so, PROVIDED "YOU DON'T TELL MY
CABINET." (NE HAS BEEN IN TROUBLE WITH UNIONS AND
BUSINESS SINCE NEW YEAR'S FOR CONCEPTUALIZING RY PUBLICLY
ESPOUSING KEN GALBRAITHIS THEORY THAT THE MARKET ECONOMY
NEEDS TO BE REPLACED BY A LOWER GROWTH, CONTROLLED
ECONOMY.) VERBATIN NOTES POUCHED.
7. COMMENT: TRUDEAU WAS AS ADVERTISED: ELEGANT,
CONTRARY, BRITTLE, UNABLE TO RESIST INTELLECTUALIZING,
PREOCCUPIED WITH GALBRAITHIAN THOUGHTS THAT FEW IN
CANADA SHARE WITH HIM, HE WAS ALSO VERY FRIENDLY.
8. CHANCES ARE THAT HE WILL NOT HAVE THE POWER TO
MOVE VERY FAR TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING THOSE THOUGHTS (HE
HAS MADE NO NOVE TO 00 so SINCE NEW YEAR'S) AND HIS
PARTICULAR SCENARIO FOR US/CANADIAN CLASHES IS UNLIKELY
TO BE A RIG HEADACHE FOR A WHILE, MORE INTERESTING IS
HIS ASSESSMENT THAT FURTHER ACTION PROTECTIVE OF CANADIAN
CULTURE MAY NOT BE NEEDED. IF TRUE, THAT COULD AVOID
SOME OF THE MOST PRICKLY AND UNMANAGEARLE DISPUTES.
9. I WILL FOLLOW UP HIS OFFER TO LUNCH OCCASIONALLY,
WHICH TRUDEAUIS FOREIGN POLICY ADVISOR IVAN HEAD TELLS
ME HAS NOT BEEN MADE BEFORE. ENDERS
GERALD, R.FORD LIBRANA
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PAGE 01 OTTAWA 02058 2119257
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48
ODH
ACTION NODS-00
@General
S
INFO OCT-01 IS0-00 /001 W
010939
P 2119057 MAY 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9887
$ E e R E 7 OTTAWA 2058
DEPARTMENT PASS TO COUNSELOR SONNENFELDT FROM ENDERS
200-0
NODIS
E.O. 11652: XGDS
TAGS: OVIP (KISSINGER, HENRY A.) CA
SUBJ: INCREASE IN CANADIAN EXPORT PRICES FOR GAS
REF: (A) OTTAWA 2004; (B) OSLO SECTO 13011
1. BELIEVE IT WOULD BE A MISTAKE TO CEASE DISCUSSION
OF THE GAS PRICE ISSUE PER YOUR TELEGRAM (REFTEL B),
UNLESS WE ARE PREPARED TO BACK OFF THE SUBSTANTIVE
POSITIONS THAT WE HAVE NOW AND INDEED HAVE FOR THE LAST
TWO YEARS TAKEN WITH THE CANADIANS. ON EXPORT GAS PRICES
(THAT WE ACCEPT PRICE INCREASES BUT DO NOT WANT OUR
CONSUMERS TO BE TREATED WORSE THAN THEIRS, THAT WE
N
ACCEPT PRICING AT THE COMMODITY VALUE, BUT NEED TO HAVE
A CLEARLY IDENTIFIED STANDARD TO DEFINE THAT).
2, CANADA'S PROPOSAL TO RAISE GAS PRICES POSED TWO
PROBLEMS FOR us, (A) IF ANNOUNCED MAY 18 AS ORIGINALLY
PLANNED, IT COULD BECOME AN ISSUE IN WEST COAST
PRIMARIES; AND (B) IT WOULD INCREASE RATHER THAN
DECREASE DISCRIMINATION AGAINST AMERICAN CONSUMERS AND
WAS SO LOOSELY JUSTIFIED THAT IT COULD LEAD TO FURTHER
SUBSTANTIAL INCREASES.
3. AS I REPORTED IN REFTEL (A), CANADIAN CABINET AGREED
FORD
S
AT MY URGING ON MAY 17 TO TAKE CARE OF THE FIRST PROBLEM
a
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DECLASSIFIED
E.O. 12958, SEC. 3.5
STATE DEPT, GUIDELINES
BY 461
, NARA, DATE 10/15/01
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
NODIU
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PAGE 02 OTTANA 02058 211925Z
AND DELAY ANNOUNCEMENT OF EXPORT GAS PRICE INCREASES.
PUBLICLY OTTAWA HAS SAID THAT IT IS DISCUSSING THE GAS
PRICE INCREASES WITH THE U.S. AND THEY WILL BE ANNOUNCED
LATER. PRIVATELY CANADIAN OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN TELLING
THE PRESS THAT LATER MEANS MID-JUNE,
4. AT THE SAME TIME THE CANADIANS AGREED THAT WE COULD
HAVE SOME SUBSTANTIVE DISCUSSIONS OF THE GAS PRICE ISSUE,
AND ARRANGEMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE FOR DEPUTY ASSISTANT
N
SECRETARY KATZ TO HEAD A TEAM UP HERE IN THE MIDDLE OF
NEXT WEEK. THERE WAS NO REPEAT NO UNDERTAKING BY THE
CANADIANS TO ALTER THEIR POSITION, BUT THEY HAVE INSISTED
THAT THEY WANTED TO CONSULT WITH US FULLY BEFORE TAKING
A FINAL DECISION,
D
5. YOUR INSTRUCTION TO STOP TALKING ABOUT THE ISSUE
WOULD PREEMPT THAT CONSULTATION PROCESS, AND DEPRIVE
US OF AN OPPORTUNITY WE MAY HAVE TO GET SOME ADJUSTMENT
IN THE CANADIAN NUMBERS,
S
6. I HOPE YOU AND THE SECRETARY WILL RECONSIDER. WE SHOULD
NOT BACK OFF OUR SUBSTANTIVE POSITION AND THE OPPORTUNITY
THE CANADIANS ARE GIVING us TO PUT IT FORWARD, WHATEVER THE
CHANCES OF SUCCESS,
7. I WOULD AGREE ENTIRELY THAT NO FURTHER DISCUSSION OF
THE TIMING OF THE CANADIAN DECISION IS NECESSARY INASMUCH
AS THE CANADIAN CABINET HAS ALREADY GRANTED THE DELAY WE
SOUGHT.
ENDERS
ZOPIS
FORD
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62
ACTION NODS-00
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
106081
R 1221017 AUG 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 743
SECRET OTTAWA 3260
COPY 10 OF 15
ZODIS
NODIS
DECLASSIFIED
E.O. 12958 Sec. 3.6
DISTRIBUTE ONLY TO S, D, E, C, EUR, AND NSC
MR 02-76; #4 stetr 12/4/02
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: OVIP (TRUDEAU, PIERRE E.), CA
das NARA, Date 1/28/03
SUBJ: CONVERSATION WITH TRUDEAU
1. SUMMARY. IN LONG TALK AUGUST 6 GIVEN OVER TO
PHILOSOPHY, TRUDEAU EXPRESSED THREE FUNDAMENTAL
PREOCCUPATIONS:
(A) THAT THE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF THE INDUSTRAIL
DEMOCRACIES ARE NO LONGER WORKING WELL, AND MUST BE
REFORMED FUNDAMENTALLY, (B) THAT THE INDUSTRIAL
DEMOCRACIES ARE LOSING THE STRUGGLE FOR THE
DEVELOPING WORLD, AND (C) THAT CANADA HAS MADE NO HEADWAY
ZODIS
DURING HIS ADMINISTRATION IN SOVLING THE FRENCH/ENGLISH
SPLIT. ALL OF THESE VIEWS HE HAS STATED VARIOUSLY AND
OFTEN BEFORE, BUT I WAS STRUCK BY HIS CONVICTION AND BY HIS
ACCEPTANCE OF THE POLITICAL COSTS OF ASSERTING THEM.
REFERRING FREQUENTLY TO CLUB OF ROME THINKING ON THE NEED
FOR NEW POLITICAL AND MORAL APPROACHES TO ECONOMIES
CALTHOUGH EXPLICITLY DISAVOWING LIMITS TO GROWTH), TRUDEAU
BRUSHED ASIDE ANY SUGGESTION OF ALTERING HIS TACTICS
IN ORDER TO POSITION HIMSELF BETTER FOR THE COMING ELECTION
STRUGGLE. HE EXPRESSED AMAZEMENT FOR THE GOOD ECONOMIC
PERFORMANCE IN THE US THIS YEAR, AND ACKNOWLEDGED
THAT HIS OWN POLICIES HAD ALIENATED BOTH LABOR AND
MANAGEMENT, BUT SAID HE WILL PERSIST. I SEE NO REASON
FORD of LIBRARY QERALO
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TO DOUBT IT. END SUMMARY.
2. HAD THE TRUDEAUS OVER TO DINNER ALONE AUGUST 6. IT
WAS PRIMARILY A SOCIAL OCCASION BUT TRUDEAU HAD JUST COME
FROM DISAPPOINTING EFFORT TO ASSOCIATE LABOR IN A
TRIPARTITE POST-CONTROLS POLICY BODY (OTTAWA 3185), AND
KNEW HE WOULD FACE A ONE-DAY NATIONWIDE WORK STOPPAGE
THIS FALL. HE WANTED TO TALK ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY.
ZODIU
3. THE GREAT INFLATION AND THE "GREAT WASTEFULNESS" OF
THE SEVENTIES SHOWS THAT SOMETHING IS FUNDAMENTALLY WRONG,
TRUDEAU ARGUED. THE MARKET SYSTEM, INTENDED TO MEDIATE
GREED FOR SOCIAL BENEFIT, IS INSTEAD BEING DOMINATED BY
IT, WITH EACH GROUP VYING TO OUTGRAB THEOTHERS. A NEW
SOCIAL CONTRACT IS NEEDED. CANADA'S WAGE-PRICE CONTROLS
ARE THE FIRST STEP OF AN INTEGRATIVE PROCESS INTENDED
TO ESTABLISH IT. THE SECOND STOP WOULD BE THE POST-
CONTROLS BUSINESS/LABOR/GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE TRUDEAU IS
PROMOTING. THE STRUCTURE WILL KEEP EVOLVING IN THE
FUTURE.
4. I OBSERVED THAT WHAT APPEARS TO ACCOUNT FOR THE ALL-OUT
OPPOSITION OF LABOR AND INCREASINGLY OF BUSINESS TO
TRUDEAU'S PROGRAM IS THE CONCEPT OF PERMANENTLY PREEMPTING
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND THE MARKET SYSTEM. A TEMPORARY
SYSTEM WOULD BE MUCH EASIER TO SELL. TRUDEAU AGREED BUT
SAID THAT THERE'S NO POINT IN TRYING TO BE PRIME MINISTER
IF YOU DON'T PUT TO SOCIETY REALISTICALLY WHAT IT NEEDS
200-0
TO DO TO SUCCEED,
5. TRUDEAU ACKNOWLEDGED THAT MANY OF HIS COLLEAGUES AT
THE PUERTO RICO SUMMIT THOUGHT THE 1973-74 INFLATION
EXCEPTIONAL, DUE TO SIMULTANEOUS PEAKING OF ALL THE
INDUSTRAIL ECONOMIES AND THE OIL PRICE HIKE. HE ADMITTED
ALSO THAT "AMAZING" US ECONOMIC RESULTS THIS YEAR
DON'T FIT HIS THEORY; US AND CANADIAN BUDGET DEFICITS
ARE THE SAME SIZE RELATIVE TO THE ECONOMY, BUT AMERICAN
PRICE/WAGE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE IS BETTER THAN CANADA'S,
AND GROWTH OF MONEY SUPPLY IN THE US SUBSTANTIALLY LESS,
"YOU AMERICANS HAVE LEARNED SOMETHING, SOME RESTRAINT
AND MUTUAL TOLERANCE, THAT WE CANADIANS HAVE YET TO
FORD a GERALD LIBRARY
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200-0
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TELEGRAM
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PAGE 03
OTTAWA 03260 122225Z
GRASP, " TRUDEAU SAID. HE SPECULATED IT MAY HAVE
BEEN DUE TO OUR EARLIER EXPERIENCE WITH CONTROLS, AND
THE SHARPER IMPACT OF THE RECESSION,
6. TRUDEAU ALSO ACKNOWLEDGED THAT FIRST YEAR WAGE SETTLE-
MENTS IN CANADA HAVE BEEN COMING DOWN, FROM OVER 16 PERCENT
IN THE SECOND QUARTER OF 1975 TO LESS THAN 12 PERCENT IN
N
THE SECOND QUARTER OF 1976.
7. BUT NEITHER THE SLOWDOWN IN CANADA NOR THE GOOD US
PERFORMANCE COMFORTED HIM. "CANADA WILL GET FIRST YEAR
WAGE SETTLEMENTS DOWN TO EIGHT PERCENT IN 1977, AND THEN
THEY'LL START GOING UP AGAIN." THE US, HE PREDICTED,
WILL ALSO RUN INTO TRUBLE, WITH SETTLEMENT MOVING INTO
DOUBLE-DIGIT FIGURES BY END 1976. AND YET, TRUDEAU
CONCLUDED, EVEN THEN THE UNITED STATES MAY NOT FOLLOW HIM
INTO CONTROLS: "THE UNITED STATES IS AN AMAZING COUNTRY,
RESILIENT AND ADAPTABLE FAR BEYOND CANADA.
THERE IS A DYNAMIC TO YOUR COUNTRY I DO NOT UNDERSTAND."
8. IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD, TRUDEAU SAID, THE INDUSTRIAL
DEMOCRACIES ARE STEADILY LOSING GROUND.
"SOON WE WILL BE UNDER SIEGE IN A WORLD THAT ONLY A
GENERATION AGO WE HOPED TO CONVERT TO OUR SYSTEM, # BUT
TRUDEAU WAS NOT SURE OF HOW TO REMEDY IT. WE SHOULD,
N
HE SAID, BE FAR MORE RESPONSIVE, GENEROUS TO LDC DEMANDS.
BUT HE AGREED WITH MY ARGUEMTNS THAT MANY OF THE DEMANDS
(COMMODITY PRICE INDEXING, INDISCRIMINATE DEBT
RELIEF, FOR EXAMPLE) COULD IF MET DAMAGE THE LDC'S AS
A WHILE FAR MORE THAN THEY HELPED THEM, COMING TO
CLUB OF ROME ARGUEMTNS, TRUDEAU SAID THAT THE ONLY
REMEDY FOR THE SECULAR DECLINE IN LDC TERMS OF TRADE
IS FOR INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES TO SHARE MARKETS WITH
THEM, CURBING OUR OWN PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURE FOR
EXAMPLE TO ALLOW LDC'S TO INCREASE THEIR EXPORTS.
9. I REMARKED THAT REPEATED STUDIES RUN IN WASHINGTON
S
FAILED TO TURN UP EVIDENCE OF A SECULAR DECLINE IN
LDC TERMS OF TRADE, ALTHOUGH THERE WERE MARKED
FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BUSINESS CYCLE. TRUDEAU SAID
FORD R. QERALD LIBRARY
HE WOULD LIKE TO SEE THE EVIDENCE (WHICH I PROMISED TO
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OTTAWA 03260 1222257
PROVIDE). IF IT HOLDS UP, HE WILL USE IT WITH NYERERE,
MANLEY, BURNHAM AND OTHER THIRD WORLD LEADERS HE SEES
OFTEN.
10. TRUDEAU AGREED THAT FAR MORE THAN TRADE THE
CRUCIAL ELEMENT IN LDC GROWTH WAS WHAT WAS DONE IN THE
DOMESTIC ECONOMY, ESPECIALLY IN AGRICULTURE.
11. COMING BACK TO THE U.S. AND CANADA, TRUDEAU AGREED
WITH MY REMARK THAT THE U.S. IS ENTERING A PERIOD OF
ZODIS
NEW STRENGTH, WITH FAR FEWER INTERNAL DIVISIONS THAN
AT ANY POINT IN A GENERATION. "THE STATES HAS DONE A
REMARKABLE JOB WITH ITS BLACK PROBLEM, HE SAID.
"EVERY TIME I TURN ON TELEVISION I SEE NEW EVIDENCE OF
THE REVOLUTION IN THE STATUS OF BLACKS.'
12. IN CONTRAST, TRUDEAU SAID, NOTHING HAD BEEN ACCOM-
PLISHED IN THE FRENCH/BRITISH SPLIT IN CANADA UNDER HIS
LEADERSHIP, THIS FAILURE IS NOT DUE ONLY OR MAINLY TO
THE FACT THAT THE PROBLEM IS TERRITORIAL AS WELL AS
LINGUISTIC AND "RACIAL." 11 THE CAUSE, TRUDEAU SAID, WAS
THAT IN CONTRAST TO AMERICAN CANADIANS BOTH FRENCH
AND ENGLISH DO NOT ACCEPT THAT THEY ARE CONDEMNED TO
LIVE TOGETHER. "IN THEIR HEARTS, EACH BELIEVES THERE
IS ANOTHER OPTION. I HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO BREAK
THAT."
13. COMMENT: THE CONVERSATION IS CHARACTERISTIC OF
TRUDEAU'S CURRENT MOOD: IDEALISTIC, SOMEWHAT
200-0
SPENGLERIAN, RATHER TESTILY MORALISTIC, CONVINCED OF
HIS VISION BUT TRYING TO GOVERN BY FIAT RATHER THAN
WITH HIS VERY CONSIDERABLE POWERS AS A PRACTICAL
POLITICIAN.
14. SUBSEQUENT TO OUR TALK I SPENT THE WEEKEND IN
QUEBEC WITH TREASURY BOARD CHAIRMAN AND TRUDEAU CON-
FIDENT JEAN CHRETIEN, WHO CONFIRMED THE PICTURE BY
SAYING THAT THE PRIME MINISTER'S CURRENT THINKING IS
TO MAKE ONLY SMALL CHANGES IN CABINET PERSONNEL AND
POLICY THIS FALL, NO MATTER HOW FAR DOWN THE LIBERALS
APPEAR IN THE POLLS. OBVIOUSLY, CHRETIEN ADDED, AT
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*
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PAGE 05
OTTAWA 03260 122225Z
SOME POINT TRUDEAU WILL HAVE TO GET IN FIGHTING FORM
FOR THE NEXT ELECTION; BUT NOT NOW.
15. MARGRARET TRUDEAU PROVIDED AN INTERESTING COUNTER-
POINT AT DINNER. DESCRIBING HERSELF AS A "ROMANTIC,
OPPOSED TO ALL MANIPULATION, = SHE URGED HER HUSBAND
TO GET OUT OF POLITICS. HIS RESPONSE WAS: "WHAT,
N
AND LEAVE MACKENZIEIS RECORD STANDING?" (MACKENZIE
KING WAS PM FOR 22 YEARS). MARGARET MADE RATHER A
POINT ABOUT HER DISTASTE FOR FRENCH, WHICH SHE HAS
STUDIED FOR FIVE YEARS BUT WHOSE USE "WOULD HAVE
RUINED THE EVENING. "
ENDERS
ZOPIN
GERALD LIBRARY R FORD
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NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
-4 0 762 17
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000077
15
to
NOD247
200-0
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
CONFIDENTIAL
,Departments of State
UNITEDAY STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
ACTION NODS-00
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
051334
0 041626Z OCT 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1260
C 0 N F I 0 E N T I A OTTAWA 3991
NODIS
E.O. 11652: XGDS-2
TAGS: PFOR, PARM, CA
ZODIU
SUBJ: ANTICIPATED PRESIDENTIAL NUCLEAR POLICY STATEMENT
REF: STATE 243174, STATE 246006
1. IN ABSENCE OF AMBASSADOR FROM OTTAWA, DCM CALLED ON
PETER TOWE (ACTING UNDER SECRETARY IN ABSENCE OF
ROBINSON AT UN) TO DELIVER SECRETARY'S LETTER TO
JAMIESON, PER INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED REFTELS.
DCM MADE POINTS CONTAINED REFTELS STRESSING ABSOLUTE
CONFIDENTIALITY PRIOR TO PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT.
2. AFTER SCANNING LETTER AND ENCLOSURE, TOWE COMMENTED
THAT COMMUNICATION WAS MOST TIMELY FROM GOC POINT OF
VIEW SINCE IT IS IN PROCESS OF INTENSIFIED STUDY OF
OWN NUCLEAR POLICIES, AND PLANS TO ADOPT MORE RESTRICTIVE
POSITION ON PROLIFERATION AFTER THRONE SPEECH AND
ENSUING DEBATE IN MID-OCTOBER. TOWE EXPRESSED
APPRECIATION FOR ADVANCE NOTICE, SAW NO IMMEDIATE
PROBLEMS WITH SUBSTANCE OF COMMUNICATION, AND
ZODIU
PROMISED TO KEEP USG INFORMED OF GOC DELIBERATION ON
SAME SUBJECT.
ENDERS
STATE DEPT. DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW
Retain Class'n
CONFIDENTIAL CONFY
Change to
Declassify in part and excise as shown
EO 12958, 25X )( )( )
X
Declassify
After
With concurrence
(not)(obtained)
DECLASSIFIED
E.O. 12958, SEC. 3.5
IPS by Jach Sulses Date 8/1/00
STATE DEPT, GUIDELINES statevisit 8/1/00
FORD
BY GG
, NARA, DATE 10/15/01
?
LIBRARY
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19 00 Department of State
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15 copies
Copy 10 of
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
130330
0 192139Z OCT 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
STATE DEPT. DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1415
Retain Class'n
Change to
ZODIS
Declassify in part and excise as shown
CONFIDENTIALOTTAWA 4187
EO 12958, 25X( )( )( )
X
Declassify
After
With concurrence
NODIS
(not)(obtained)
IPS by gach Suber Date 8/1/00
E.O. 11652: XGDS-3
TAGS: PFOR, PARM, CA
SUBJ: ANTICIPATED PRESIDENTIAL NUCLEAR POLICY STATEMENT
REF: (A) STATE 2431741 (8) KRATZER-LEARY TELCON, OCT 18
1. LABERGE (DIRECTOR, TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION,
EXTAFF) INQUIRED ON MONDAY, OCTOBER 18 WHETHER PRESIDENT
HAD MADE PUBLIC STATEMENT ON NUCLEAR POLICY OVER THE
WEEKEND. EXTAFF HAD RECEIVED INDICATIONS (SOURCE
UNSPECIFIED) THAT THIS MIGHT HAVE HAPPENED. AFTER
CHECKING WITH KRATZER (REF B), EMBASSY ADVISED LABERGE
THAT STATEMENT NOT YET MADE BUT EXPECTED "SOON.
200-0
2. DURING COURSE OF CONVERSATION, LABERGE SAID GOC IS
DECLASSIFIED
E.O. 12956, SEC. 3.5
STATE DEPT, GUIDELINES, State visit 8/1/00
NARA, DATE 10/15/01
PREPARED TO RESPOND POSITIVELY. EXTAFF MINISTER JAMIESON
HAS BEEN GIVEN BRIEFING NOTES WHICH "ESSENTIALLY" INCLUDE
FOLLOWING POINTS:
A. GOC WELCOMES PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT WHICH REPRESENTS
BY GG
AN IMPORTANT STEP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTER-
NATIONAL SYSTEM TO PREVENT PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR
WEAPONS;
FORD
B. GOC NOTES FAVORABLY EMPHASIS ON PRACTICAL APPROACH
FOCUSING ON BACK-END OF NUCLEAR CYCLE INSTEAD OF ON
"PAPER AGREEMENTS", GUARANTEE OF FUEL SUPPLY AGAINST
WILLINGNESS TO FOREGO OR POSTPONE DEVELOPMENT OF
GERALO
LIBHARY
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
200-0
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OTTAWA 04187 192157Z
NATIONAL REPROCESSING FACILITIES, AND WILLINGNESS TO
DISCUSS COMMERCIAL IMPACT WHICH IS OF KEY IMPORTANT
IN GETTING EUi PEANS ON BOARD:
C. GOC NOTES THAT U.S. PROPOSALS ARE CONSISTENT
WITH EXISTING GOC POLICY APPROACH TO NUCLEAR
ISSUES. (LABERGE POINTED OUT THAT GOC POLICY IS
ZODIU
CURRENTLY UNDER REVIEW WE ARE NOT CLEAR WHETHER
OR NOT JAMIESON MIGHT REFER TO THIS REVIEW IN ANY
PUBLIC STATEMENT.)
3. LABERGE SAID THERE IS NO DECISION ON HOW JAMIESON
WILL GO PUBLIC: HE COULD, DEPENDING ON CIRCUMSTANCES,
USE HIS BRIEFING MATERIAL TO VOLUNTEER A STATMENT TO
THE MEDIA OR TO RESPOND TO A QUESTION IN COMMONS.
4. LABERGE ASKED TO BE INFORMED PROMPTLY, AND
PREFERABLY IN ADVANCE, WHEN PRESIDENT ACTUALLY MAKES
HIS STATEMENT. EMBASSY WOULD APPRECIATE DEPARTMENT'S
ASSISTANCE IN MEETING THIS REQUEST.
ENDERS
ZODIU
FORD
&
GERALD
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CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
8
N
OF STATE Do
18 NOV 76Z 01 00
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Department of State
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OTTAWA 04579 180053Z
Reg
61
ACTION NODS-00
COPY NO. 10 OF 15.
S
INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 /001 W
018222
0 180007Z NOV 76
FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1683
SECRE OTTAWA 4579
N
NODIS
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: PGEN, CA
SUBJ: TRUDEAU ON TACTICS VIS-A-VIS THE SEPARATISTS
D
1. SUMMARY. IN 40-MINUTE TALK TODAY NOVEMBER 17 TRUDEAU
TOLD ME HE WILL LET LEVESQUE MAKE THE FIRST MOVE, EXPECTS
IT BY MID-DECEMBER, TRUDEAU INSISTS THAT HE HAS NO
CONCESSION TO OFFER, AND THUS SEES LEVESQUE GRADUALLY
MAKING THE CASE THAT QUEBEC CAN EXPECT NOTHING FROM ENGLISH
S
CANADA. ONLY WAY TO DEAL WITH SEPARATISTS HE DESCRIBED IS
TO TRY TO MOVE FOCUS FROM OTTAWA QUEBEC DUEL TO DECISIONS
ON QUEBEC ECONOMY, ON WHICH PQ (PARTI QUEBECO(S) BADLY AT
ODDS WITH ITSELF. BUT HE EXPRESSED NO OPTIMISM, AND IS
CONCERN THAT EVENTUAL ACCEPTANCE OF IDEA OF SEPARATISM
BY AMERICANS COULD HASTEN ITS ACHIEVEMENT.
N
2. TRUDEAU CEDES THE FIRST MOVE TO LEVESQUE IN THE COMING
ENGAGEMENT. LEVESQUE IS NOW RIDING THE TOP OF HIS WAVE,
O
TRUDEAU SAID BENEFITTING FROM A RANGE OF WELL WISHES IN
QUESEC EXTENDING FAR BEYOND HIS SOLID SEPARATIST SUPPORT.
TRUDEAU'S OWN SUPPORT, ON THE OTHER HAND, HAS SEVERELY
D
ERODED IN QUEBEC AS ELSEWHERE IN CANADA, AND AT THIS STAGE
OF PLAY HE CANNOT COUNT ON SPONTANEOUS SYMPATHY FOR AN
AGGRESSIVE APPROACH TO THE NEW QUEBEC GOVERNMENT.
3. TRUDEAU EXPECTS LEVESQUE'S FIRST MOVE TO COME SOON,
IT WILL BE ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE FOR LEVESQUE NOT TO MAKE A
S
STATEMENT AT THE FIRST MINISTERS' CONFERENCE ON PATRIATION
SECRET
DECLASSIFIED
FORD OF GERALD LIBRARY
E.O. 12958 Sec. 3.6
MR02-76;#5 st.ltr 12/4/02
dae NARA, Date 1/28/03
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
N
DEPARTMENT
OF
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PAGE 02
OTTAWA 04579 180053Z
OF THE CONSTITUTION NOW SCHEDULED FOR DECEMBER 13, 14 OR 15.
TRUDEAU WILL TRY TO AVOID PUTTING ON THE AGENDA THOSE
S
CONSTITUTIONAL DEMANDS (CULTURAL SOVEREIGNTY, GUARANTEES
OF PROVINCIAL CONTROL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES)
WHICH THE QUEBEC GOVERNMENT UNDER BOURASSA HAS BEEN
PUTTING FORWARD, AND WHICH OTTAWA HAS STEADFASTLY
REFUSED. HOWEVER, TRUDEAU EXPECTS THAT EITHER QUEBEC OR
ANOTHER PROVINCE WILL REQUEST THEIR INCLUSION, AND HE WILL
HAVE TO AGREE. RESULT COULD BE THAT LEVESQUE DOES NO MORE
N
THAN ASK WHAT BOURASSA ASKED FOR, GETS THE SAME TURN=
DOWN, AND USES THIS AS A FIRST INCIDENT IN BUILDING THE
CASE THAT OTTAWA AND THE REST OF THE COUNTRY HAVE NOTHING
TO OFFER.
4. TRUDEAU SAID HE DOES NOT SEE HOW HE CAN AVOID THERE
D
BEING À SUCCESSION OF SUCH DEMONSTRATIONS, EACH CAREFULLY
CALIBRATED TO AVOID A BREACH, BUT EACH ADDING TO THE
GENERAL IMPRESSION OF NON-RESPONSIVENESS BY ENGLISH
CANADA. HE HOPES, HOWEVER, TO GIVE AS FEW OPPORTUNITIES
AS POSSIBLE FOR SUCH DEMONSTRATIONS, AS FAR BETWEEN AS
POSSIBLE, SO THAT THE QUEBEC PUBLIC CAN BE FOCUSSED
S
ON THE IMMEDIATE ISSUE -- THE ECONOMY -- ON WHICH THE
PQ CAN BE MOST VULNERABLE. AS LONG AS THE PQ CAN
FOCUS PLAY ON OTTAWA IT WILL BE RELATIVELY EASY TO KEEP
PARTY DISCIPLINE, IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT THE PQ SPANS
"FROM BOURGEOIS TO MADIST. # BUT IF EVER THE QUEBEC
GOVERNMENT COULD BE SET UP TO MAKE DECISIONS ON
OWNERSHIP OF INDUSTRY AND RESOURCES, SOCIAL BENEFITS,
N
EMPLOYEE AND EMPLOYER RIGHTS, IT WILL COME UNDER SEVERE
INTERNAL TENSION. TRUDEAU NOTED THAT THESE EFFECTS OF
TENSION WOULD BE MAGNIFIED BY THE NEED TO COME TO TERMS
O
WITH FOREIGN INVESTORS. HE AGREED THAT INVESTORS
SHOULD NOT TAKE ANY PRECIPITATE ACTION EITHER TO PULL OUT OF
OR INVEST IN QUEBEC, BUT RATHER SHOULD ADOPT A WAITING
STANCE WHILE MAKING CLEAR TO THE NEW GOVERNMENT THAT
THEY WISH ASSURANCES ABOUT THEIR FUTURE IN
THE PROVINCE.
5. TRUDEAU EXPRESSED CONCERN ABOUT HOW THE SEPARATIST ISSUE
MAY ULTIMATELY PLAY OUT AND THE POSSIBLE ROLE AMERICANS MAY
S
HAVE IN IT. IF THE SEPARATISTS CONTINUE TO GAIN, SOME
SECRET
GERALD R. FORD LIBRARY
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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OTTAWA 04579 180053Z
AMERICANS MIGHT COME TO BELIEVE THAT THEY COULD DEAL WITH
QUEBEC AND THE SINGLE OR SEVERAL REMAINING PIECES OF
S
CANADA. BUT, TRUDEAU SAID, THERE WOULD BE LITTLE IN THAT
FOR THE US. GIVEN EUROPEAN (READ FRENCH) AND POTENTIALLY
SOVIET AND CHINESE INTEREST IN QUEBEC, AN INTERNATIONAL
COMPETITION FOR INFLUENCE IN THE PROVINCE COULD OCCUR.
A SIMILAR STRUGGLE WOULD GO ON BETWEEN THE VARIOUS.
ELEMENTS OF THE SEPARATIST MOVEMENT, AND IT COULD NOT
BE EXCLUDED THAT A RADICAL STATE MIGHT APPEAR ON THE ST.
N
LAWRENCE WITH OUTSIDE, HOSTILE SUPPORT. TRUDEAU ADDED
THAT HE WOULD NOT WANT TO WAVE A BOGEYMAN BUT THOUGHT
THIS POSSIBLE. I POINTED OUT THAT I HAD OFTEN HEARD
CANADIANS SPECULATE ON THE REMAINING PIECES ASSOCIATING
WITH THE UNITED STATES IN THE EVENT OF SEPARATION, BUT HAD
NEVER HEARD AMERICANS SPECULATE UPON IT. TRUDEAU
REPLIED THAT MANY CANADIANS 00, AND IF SPECULATING GETS
GOING VERY MUCH IT COULD SPREAD TO THE U.S. AND HASTEN THE
WHOLE HISTORICAL PROCESS.
6. ONE OF THE GREAT DANGERS FOR CANADA IN THE PRESENT
SITUATION, TRUDEAU SAID, IS TO BECOME SO OBSESSED WITH
SEPARATISM AS TO FAIL TO DO WHAT HAS TO BE DONE
TO GET THE ECONOMY MOVING. TRUDEAU IS VERY INTERESTED
IN MEETING WITH THE NEW ADMINISTRATION EARLY ON IN
ORDER TO SEE HOW HIS OWN ACTION TO IMPROVE ECONOMIC
PERFORMANCE CAN BE COORDINATED WITH THAT OF THE UNITED
STATES.
N
7. COMMENT: IN MY JUDGMENT TRUDEAU'S COMMENTS ABOVE SHOULD
NOT RPT NOT BE TAKEN AS FINAL TACTICAL DECISIONS, TAKEN
BY SURPRISE, HIS GOVERNMENT IS STILL DEBATING HOW TO
DEAL WITH THE SEPARATIST VICTORY IT CANNOT BE RULED OUT
THAT IT WILL TAKE SOME INITATIVE. MORE IMPORTANT, IT IS NOT
AT ALL CLEAR THAT TRUDEAU HAS THE STRENGTH TO STONEWALL
D
LEVESQUE THE WAY HE STONEWALLED BOURASSA. THE OPPOSITION
PROGRESSIVE CONSERVATIVES AND RIVAL JOH TURNER WITHIN
THE LIBERAL PARTY MAY BOTH ADVOCATE SUCH CONCESSIONS, AS WILL
SOME OF THE WESTERN PROVINCES TO KEEP QUEBEC IN FEDERATION.
WE CAN EXPECT A DEBATE WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT ON
CENTRALISM VS A LOOSER CONFEDERATION. IF TRUDEAU DOES
S
STICK TO HIS PRESENT COURSE OF NO CONCESSIONS, THE OTTAWA/
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QUEBEC CLASH MAY ESCALATE QUITE QUICKLY.
8. TRUDEAU DISPLAYED NO OPTIMISM: HE MADE NO EFFORT
S
CAS HAVE OTHERS) TO DESCRIBE FOR ME A SCENARIO IN WHICH
EVERYTHING COMES OUT ALL RIGHT. WHILE THERE ARE "SOME
FOOLS ON THEIR SIDE TOO, II HE DESCRIBED LEVESQUE AS A
"FORMIDABLE, TOTALLY COMMITTED ADVERSARY."
ENDERS
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