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Although our Government vigorously denied any such
intention, this did not dispel the belief. Cypriot
and Greek attitudes hardened; the arms build-up
continued until by mid-summer an entire Greek divi-
sion with its armament was on the island, an equal
number of Greek Cypriot National Guardsmen were
organized and armed under the command of General
Grivas, and a large but unorganized number of ir-
regulars armed and dangerously trigger-happy
In this situation President Johnson invited
Prime Ministers Inonu and Papandreou, successively,
to Washington and proposed to them that they dis-
cuss with a representative of his a solution of
the dangerous controversy. No " "American plan" was
put forward. This unusual posture of Americans not
bearing gifts aroused Greek suspicions. Prime
Minister Inonu accepted the President's offer.
Prime Minister Papandreou rejected it. He said
that there was nothing to discuss until the uncon-
ditional independence of Cyprus was acknowledged by
all. Nevertheless, the United States continued its
efforts.
The primary concern of the government was over
the effect of the Cyprus dispute upon the relations
between Greece and Turkey. Despite Greek and Cypriot
claims that the treaties had become void by denuncia-
tion and, more specifically, that the right of inter-
vention, provided by the Treaty of Guarantee, had
lapsed when Cyprus became a member of the United
Nations, there was little doubt that from a legal
point of view the treaties were binding upon the
parties. Several other conclusions were plain also:
First, that merely to restrain the Turks from inter-
vention, would be, in fact, to intervene against them;
second, that if the Turks should accept this one-
sided action, it could, nevertheless, have the most
deleterious effect on our alliance through NATO;
thirdly, that the Archbishop would not accept any
adjudication against him; and, fourthly, that time
was running strongly against the Turks, due to the
military build-up on the island and the Archbishop's
increasing pressure to crush Turkish-Cypriot resis-
tance to his imposed regime.
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"ocrText": "- 7 -\nAlthough our Government vigorously denied any such\nintention, this did not dispel the belief. Cypriot\nand Greek attitudes hardened; the arms build-up\ncontinued until by mid-summer an entire Greek divi-\nsion with its armament was on the island, an equal\nnumber of Greek Cypriot National Guardsmen were\norganized and armed under the command of General\nGrivas, and a large but unorganized number of ir-\nregulars armed and dangerously trigger-happy\nIn this situation President Johnson invited\nPrime Ministers Inonu and Papandreou, successively,\nto Washington and proposed to them that they dis-\ncuss with a representative of his a solution of\nthe dangerous controversy. No \" \"American plan\" was\nput forward. This unusual posture of Americans not\nbearing gifts aroused Greek suspicions. Prime\nMinister Inonu accepted the President's offer.\nPrime Minister Papandreou rejected it. He said\nthat there was nothing to discuss until the uncon-\nditional independence of Cyprus was acknowledged by\nall. Nevertheless, the United States continued its\nefforts.\nThe primary concern of the government was over\nthe effect of the Cyprus dispute upon the relations\nbetween Greece and Turkey. Despite Greek and Cypriot\nclaims that the treaties had become void by denuncia-\ntion and, more specifically, that the right of inter-\nvention, provided by the Treaty of Guarantee, had\nlapsed when Cyprus became a member of the United\nNations, there was little doubt that from a legal\npoint of view the treaties were binding upon the\nparties. Several other conclusions were plain also:\nFirst, that merely to restrain the Turks from inter-\nvention, would be, in fact, to intervene against them;\nsecond, that if the Turks should accept this one-\nsided action, it could, nevertheless, have the most\ndeleterious effect on our alliance through NATO;\nthirdly, that the Archbishop would not accept any\nadjudication against him; and, fourthly, that time\nwas running strongly against the Turks, due to the\nmilitary build-up on the island and the Archbishop's\nincreasing pressure to crush Turkish-Cypriot resis-\ntance to his imposed regime."
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