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The volumes of each product were subse-
States which includes unused capacity was
quently determined from the weights on the
36.5 percent; the used capacity is thus ap-
basis of known specific gravities, and the per-
proximately 80 percent. Calculation from
centages of each calculated.
these factors as applied to the USSR gives a
Table II shows the available refined prod-
yield of 29.44 percent of cracked gasoline based
ucts, both by weight and volume, based on the
on the charging capacity of the over-all crack-
estimated indigenous crude oil production of
ing plant of 13 million metric tons. The
32.8 million metric tons.
actual weight of cracked gasoline is thus 3.8
million metric tons, i.e., 11.6 percent of the
TABLE II
available crude oil. The availability (based
AVAILABLE REFINED PRODUCTS, 1949
on proportional requirement) is 7.1 million
metric tons; therefore, the straight run gaso-
line requirement is 3.3 million metric tons,
III
i.e., 10 percent of the crude oil available, thus
making a total of 21.6 percent by weight of
the
gasoline which is the figure cited above. It
is
n
to be particularly noted that the yield of
a
cracked gasoline is well within the potential as
Gasoline
21.6
7.1
25.1
will be shown later, and the percentage of
Kerosene
16.1
5.3
17.1
straight-run gasoline similarly is much lower
Diesel Oil
14.3
4.7
13.7
than that present in the crude. It must be
Lubricating Oil
5.5
1.8
5.3
borne in mind, however, that while more gaso-
Residual Fuel Oil 29.5
9.7
25.8
line can be produced, the yield is definitely
Total Refined
limited in order to obtain a balanced produc-
Products
28.6
tion of gasoline and the other required prod-
Refining Loss
ucts as to quantity and quality.
and Fuel
10.0
3.3
10.0
The availability of the other products,
Other Products
3.0
.9
3.0
namely, kerosene, diesel oil, lubricating oils,
100.0
32.8
100.0
and residual fuel oil from the refining view-
point was also distributed proportionately on
(2) Discussion of Table II.
the requirement and the amount of crude oil
As explained above, the weights, volumes,
available, having in mind the possible yields
and percentages of each product were deter-
of these products from crude oil as determined
mined on a proportionate basis of require-
by the amount available and its characteris-
ments, taking into consideration the charac-
tics. This applies especially to the production
teristics of the crude oil as well as the neces-
of kerosene and lubricating oils. The limiting
sary quality of the refined products and the
factor in the yield of diesel oil is the minimum
capacity and capability of the over-all refining
quality which is acceptable on the one hand
plant to produce the same.
and the necessary quality of the residual fuel
For example, the yield of gasoline, which is
oil on the other, as these are tied together in
the most important product, was determined
the refining process. Refining loss, fuel, and
at 21.6 percent by weight or 25.0 percent by
other products, such as wax, asphalt, coke,
volume of the crude oil. Since this is well
etc., are based on general practice, taking into
within the potential production based on the
account the yields of the other products.
above considerations, the actual breakdown to
c. Maximum Production Potential of Light
produce it would be as follows: the average
Fractions.
yield of gasoline from the available cracking
(1) Introduction to Table III.
stocks, based on the total cracking capacity,
In view of the importance of light fractions,
taking into account all factors including time
particularly gasoline, it has been considered
cycle efficiency, is 45 percent. The maximum
necessary to determine the maximum produc-
statistical average yield (1944) for the United
tion potential of light fractions, i.e., gasoline
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"ocrText": "10\nTOP SECRET\nThe volumes of each product were subse-\nStates which includes unused capacity was\nquently determined from the weights on the\n36.5 percent; the used capacity is thus ap-\nbasis of known specific gravities, and the per-\nproximately 80 percent. Calculation from\ncentages of each calculated.\nthese factors as applied to the USSR gives a\nTable II shows the available refined prod-\nyield of 29.44 percent of cracked gasoline based\nucts, both by weight and volume, based on the\non the charging capacity of the over-all crack-\nestimated indigenous crude oil production of\ning plant of 13 million metric tons. The\n32.8 million metric tons.\nactual weight of cracked gasoline is thus 3.8\nmillion metric tons, i.e., 11.6 percent of the\nTABLE II\navailable crude oil. The availability (based\nAVAILABLE REFINED PRODUCTS, 1949\non proportional requirement) is 7.1 million\nmetric tons; therefore, the straight run gaso-\nline requirement is 3.3 million metric tons,\nIII\ni.e., 10 percent of the crude oil available, thus\nmaking a total of 21.6 percent by weight of\nthe\ngasoline which is the figure cited above. It\nis\nn\nto be particularly noted that the yield of\na\ncracked gasoline is well within the potential as\nGasoline\n21.6\n7.1\n25.1\nwill be shown later, and the percentage of\nKerosene\n16.1\n5.3\n17.1\nstraight-run gasoline similarly is much lower\nDiesel Oil\n14.3\n4.7\n13.7\nthan that present in the crude. It must be\nLubricating Oil\n5.5\n1.8\n5.3\nborne in mind, however, that while more gaso-\nResidual Fuel Oil 29.5\n9.7\n25.8\nline can be produced, the yield is definitely\nTotal Refined\nlimited in order to obtain a balanced produc-\nProducts\n28.6\ntion of gasoline and the other required prod-\nRefining Loss\nucts as to quantity and quality.\nand Fuel\n10.0\n3.3\n10.0\nThe availability of the other products,\nOther Products\n3.0\n.9\n3.0\nnamely, kerosene, diesel oil, lubricating oils,\n100.0\n32.8\n100.0\nand residual fuel oil from the refining view-\npoint was also distributed proportionately on\n(2) Discussion of Table II.\nthe requirement and the amount of crude oil\nAs explained above, the weights, volumes,\navailable, having in mind the possible yields\nand percentages of each product were deter-\nof these products from crude oil as determined\nmined on a proportionate basis of require-\nby the amount available and its characteris-\nments, taking into consideration the charac-\ntics. This applies especially to the production\nteristics of the crude oil as well as the neces-\nof kerosene and lubricating oils. The limiting\nsary quality of the refined products and the\nfactor in the yield of diesel oil is the minimum\ncapacity and capability of the over-all refining\nquality which is acceptable on the one hand\nplant to produce the same.\nand the necessary quality of the residual fuel\nFor example, the yield of gasoline, which is\noil on the other, as these are tied together in\nthe most important product, was determined\nthe refining process. Refining loss, fuel, and\nat 21.6 percent by weight or 25.0 percent by\nother products, such as wax, asphalt, coke,\nvolume of the crude oil. Since this is well\netc., are based on general practice, taking into\nwithin the potential production based on the\naccount the yields of the other products.\nabove considerations, the actual breakdown to\nc. Maximum Production Potential of Light\nproduce it would be as follows: the average\nFractions.\nyield of gasoline from the available cracking\n(1) Introduction to Table III.\nstocks, based on the total cracking capacity,\nIn view of the importance of light fractions,\ntaking into account all factors including time\nparticularly gasoline, it has been considered\ncycle efficiency, is 45 percent. The maximum\nnecessary to determine the maximum produc-\nstatistical average yield (1944) for the United\ntion potential of light fractions, i.e., gasoline\nTOP SECRET"
}