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22 SECRET being Canada's future market for farm prod- contrast to the number of approximately ucts. Each year's production of various com- twenty existing in 1945. modities is based on decisions of the Domin- Canada's role as a major source of offshore ion-Provincial Agricultural Conferences which purchases under the ECA program has tem- meet in December. Without government co- porarily eased the postwar marketing prob- operation and support given to the farmer, lem, which has also been alleviated by in- the transition to postwar agriculture would creased exports of cattle and beef, dairy prod- not have been so easily effected. ucts, poultry and eggs to the US. In some Although part of the British market has cases where new markets for agricultural now been lost, Canada continues to place re- products could not be found, it was only by liance on British needs as a basis for planning increased domestic consumption or decreased agricultural production. During the war production that the situation was relieved. Canada and the UK negotiated a series of food Canadian wheat and flour are sold principally contracts; the principal products involved to the UK, and when ECA funds were tem- were wheat, bacon and pork products, beef, porarily unavailable for their purchase, a evaporated milk, eggs, poultry, and processed major problem arose. Although the British fruits and vegetables. The principal contract intend to honor the wheat contract in its last now in effect with the UK is the four-year year, aided by US release of ECA funds at the wheat agreement for 1946-50. It specifies a Washington Conference, Canadian marketing price of $2 per bushel for 140 million bushels prospects in the UK for 1950-51 under the In- to be exported to the UK in 1949-50. Other ternational Wheat Agreement are not certain. major UK contracts are for bacon, cheese, and The following table summarizes the produc- eggs, but the quantities involved are generally tion and export of major agricultural com- smaller than in previous years. The few food modities in Canada during prewar and post- contracts presently in effect are in marked war years. CANADA: Estimated Production and Trade of Major Food Commodities in 1947 and 1948 Compared with the 1935-39 Averages. Production Exports 1935-39 1947 1948 1935-39 1947 average average (thousand metric tons) Wheat 8,501 9,163 10,703 4,925 5,306 Oats 5,214 4,298 5,534 216 139 Barley 1,935 3,078 3,375 305 22 Rye 233 336 644 66 267 Potatoes 1,752 2,046 2,303 14 45 Meat * 643 966 917 88 186 Creamery butter 116 132 128 3 1.4 Cheddar cheese 54 54 39.2 36 25.2 Canned milk 45 113 133 10.9 27.1 Powdered milk 12.2 31.7 37.1 2.5 9.2 Eggs (million) 2,640 4,484 4,214 87 1,074 * Excluding edible offal, lard, and poultry meat. SECRET

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    "ocrText": "22\nSECRET\nbeing Canada's future market for farm prod-\ncontrast to the number of approximately\nucts. Each year's production of various com-\ntwenty existing in 1945.\nmodities is based on decisions of the Domin-\nCanada's role as a major source of offshore\nion-Provincial Agricultural Conferences which\npurchases under the ECA program has tem-\nmeet in December. Without government co-\nporarily eased the postwar marketing prob-\noperation and support given to the farmer,\nlem, which has also been alleviated by in-\nthe transition to postwar agriculture would\ncreased exports of cattle and beef, dairy prod-\nnot have been so easily effected.\nucts, poultry and eggs to the US. In some\nAlthough part of the British market has\ncases where new markets for agricultural\nnow been lost, Canada continues to place re-\nproducts could not be found, it was only by\nliance on British needs as a basis for planning\nincreased domestic consumption or decreased\nagricultural production. During the war\nproduction that the situation was relieved.\nCanada and the UK negotiated a series of food\nCanadian wheat and flour are sold principally\ncontracts; the principal products involved\nto the UK, and when ECA funds were tem-\nwere wheat, bacon and pork products, beef,\nporarily unavailable for their purchase, a\nevaporated milk, eggs, poultry, and processed\nmajor problem arose. Although the British\nfruits and vegetables. The principal contract\nintend to honor the wheat contract in its last\nnow in effect with the UK is the four-year\nyear, aided by US release of ECA funds at the\nwheat agreement for 1946-50. It specifies a\nWashington Conference, Canadian marketing\nprice of $2 per bushel for 140 million bushels\nprospects in the UK for 1950-51 under the In-\nto be exported to the UK in 1949-50. Other\nternational Wheat Agreement are not certain.\nmajor UK contracts are for bacon, cheese, and\nThe following table summarizes the produc-\neggs, but the quantities involved are generally\ntion and export of major agricultural com-\nsmaller than in previous years. The few food\nmodities in Canada during prewar and post-\ncontracts presently in effect are in marked\nwar years.\nCANADA: Estimated Production and Trade of Major Food Commodities in 1947 and 1948\nCompared with the 1935-39 Averages.\nProduction\nExports\n1935-39\n1947\n1948\n1935-39\n1947\naverage\naverage\n(thousand metric tons)\nWheat\n8,501\n9,163\n10,703\n4,925\n5,306\nOats\n5,214\n4,298\n5,534\n216\n139\nBarley\n1,935\n3,078\n3,375\n305\n22\nRye\n233\n336\n644\n66\n267\nPotatoes\n1,752\n2,046\n2,303\n14\n45\nMeat *\n643\n966\n917\n88\n186\nCreamery butter\n116\n132\n128\n3\n1.4\nCheddar cheese\n54\n54\n39.2\n36\n25.2\nCanned milk\n45\n113\n133\n10.9\n27.1\nPowdered milk\n12.2\n31.7\n37.1\n2.5\n9.2\nEggs (million)\n2,640\n4,484\n4,214\n87\n1,074\n* Excluding edible offal, lard, and poultry meat.\nSECRET"
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