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THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
CABINET AFFAIRS STAFFING MEMORANDUM
Date: 4/3/84
Number: 168955CA
Due By:
Subject: Cabinet Council on Human Resources - Friday, April 6, 1984
2:00 p.m. Roosevelt Room
Action
FYI
Action
FYI
ALL CABINET MEMBERS
CEA
CEQ
Vice President
State
X
OSTP
Treasury
Defense
Attorney General
x
Interior
x
Agriculture
X
Baker
Commerce
R
Deaver
Labor
HHS
Darman (For WH Staffing)
X
Jenkins
HUD
Mc Farlane
P
Transportation
Svahn
Energy
Education
Counsellor
x
OMB
CIA
UN
USTR
CCCT/Gunn
GSA
CCEA/Porter
CCFA/
EPA
OPM
CCHR/Simmons
X
VA
CCLP/Uhlmann
SBA
CCMA/Bledsoe
CCNRE/
REMARKS:
The Cabinet Council on Human Resources will meet on Friday,
April 6, 1984 at 2:00 p.m. in the Roosevelt Room. The
agenda and background papers for the first two agenda items
are attached. No paper will be distributed for the third
agenda item.
RETURN TO:
Craig L. Fuller
Katherine Anderson
Don Clarey
Assistant to the President
Tom Gibson
Larry Herbolsheimer
for Cabinet Affairs
Associate Director
456-2823
Office of Cabinet Affairs
456-2800
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
CABINET COUNCIL ON HUMAN RESOURCES
April 6, 1984
Roosevelt Room
AGENDA
1. Fairness to Families (CM#463)
paper attached
2. Handicapped Policy (CM#430)
paper attached
3. Briefing on the 1983 Fiscal Year Report
on Historically Black Colleges and
no paper to be
Universitites (CM#466)
distributed
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
April 3, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR PAUL SIMMONS
FROM:
BRUCE CHAPMAN BC
SUBJECT:
Family Issues: Cabinet Council Discussion
The CCHR should formally consider a number of proposals for
inclusion in the Administration's program objectives for helping
families. (Programs underway or already approved and about to be
announced are covered later in this memo.)
Possible family programs to be considered by the Administration.
o
Tax Fairness for Families is a keystone of our policies.
The issue is of importance to every family with children, while
virtually all other family concerns are of interest only to
certain families under certain conditions. The Secretary of
the Treasury has authorized his support for the following
Presidential statement: "The Secretary of the Treasury has
assured me that in its analysis of fundamental tax reform the
Treasury Department will consider ways to increase the fairness
of the tax treatment of families.
Part time job development in the federal government. The
federal government has already embraced flexitime policy, but
other flexible arrangements are under preliminary consideration.
OPM is considering a Federal Personnel Manual Bulletin which
would encourage additional federal jobs under the Part Time
Employment Act.
Encouragement of home-based businesses. The Labor Department
has announced a regulatory effort to remove prohibition on
the employment of one class of home-based workers, knitters
of outer wear. However, Republicans in the Senate are pushing
for more far-reaching legislation which would free all categories
2
of homework from prohibitions contained in present regulation.
Meanwhile, the Small Business Administration has several
initiatives to train entrepreneurs starting home-based businesses.
Homework helps mothers, old people and the handicapped and
this subject should be developed for full CCHR discussion.
Regulatory review of government policy toward families. It
has been proposed that each Cabinet Department undertake a
review of all its regulations to determine how they affect
the family. Such reviews have been undertaken to determine
the effect of regulations on the budget, the environment, the
paperwork burden, energy usage, and other similar factors.
No factor in American life is more important than the stability
of families. Should a similar review be ordered to determine
the effect of regulations on families?
Adoption. While hundreds of thousands of couples yearn to
adopt a child, many single mothers opt for abortion or raising
a child out-of-wedlock because the adoption option often
unexplained, may be seen as too expensive or difficult. Four
ways to encourage the adoption option are proposed:
--Operate an HHS education program to encourage the discussion
of adoption option in counseling sessions with unwed pregnant
teenagers and other women at counseling centers supported
by Title X Funds.
"Outreach" to the voluntary sector to bring back the maternity
home and inform both states and maternity homes of the
federal assistance for which homes are eligible but which
they presently seldom receive.
--Reaffirm the AFDC reform, proposed by the President in May,
would lessen the incentive for unwed motherhood among teenagers,
by requiring that minor mothers live with their families in
order to be eligible for AFDC payments.
--Reform of adoption-related regulation at the state and local
level to remove unnecessary barriers and deterrents to adoption.
The federal government can assist in this reform by preparing
model regulations (e.g., many states prohibit adoption parents
over age 40, even when they are related to the prospective
adoptive child).
--Open up child placement services to voluntary and private
agencies. Ineffective public agencies now have a disincentive
to contract with effective private and voluntary agencies
to place minor wards of the state for adoption, because as
long as the children are not placed the public agencies receive
federal subsidies to keep them in foster care. This situation
can be corrected by amendment to P.L. 96-272, the Adoption
Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980. OPE is now preparing
language for such an amendment.
3
--The CASA program (see below) also relates to adoption, because
it facilitates the removal of children from foster care to
permanent adoptive homes.
--Further proposals to encourage adoption will be forthcoming.
Family Programs being developed by the Administration, nearly
ready for announcement. (These do not require new CCHR approval.)
They include:
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Developed
by the Department of Justice, this program will provide
preventive education, computer assisted search techniques and
media support in the search for missing children. In addition,
it will provide technical assistance to state and local law
enforcement agencies in the investigation, prosecution and
treatment of expolited child cases. It will also help locate
those children who are abducted and harmed. Moreover, it
will provide an information exchange to protect children who
"run away" from home only to find exploitation and degradation
when they reach their destination. The Center will open May 25.
Court Appointed Special Advocates. Developed by Justice in
cooperation with the National Association of Juvenile and
Family Court Judges, this program will seek volunteers to serve
as advocates for children who become wards of the courts.
Too often, today, the interest of the child are lost in the
rush of court procedure. Volunteers will serve as officers of
the court and attempt to rescue children from revolving-door
foster care and return to abusive homes. A national conference
on this subject is being held in Washington on June 11-13 and
would provide an ideal opportunity for announcement of this
Administration initiative.
National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime. Being
developed by the Department of Justice, this center would
provide a national link-up of law enforcement offices with
sophisticated computer capabilities, enabling police forces
to coordinate information on unsolved murders, violent rapes,
unidentified bodies, missing person reports and other
information which suggests a serial killer who travels from
jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Family violence. The Family Violence Task Force, under the
leadership of Assistant Attorney General Lois Herrington, is
about to make its recommendations, although a specific timetable
has not been announced.
4
Family programs already a part of approved Administration policy
include:
Child Support Enforcement. The House of Representatives
unanimously passed the Administration's bill to improve efforts
of families to collect legally-required child support payments
from absent parents. This bill should reach the President's
desk in the near future.
Child Pornography legislation, strongly pushed by the President,
has passed both the House and the Senate and Conference language
is expected to reach his desk in the near future. This will
be a major tool for law enforcement agencies against the
exploitation of children.
Tuition tax credits, although temporarily set back by defeat
in the Senate, remain an Administration effort to improve the
ability of families to choose educational opportunities for
their children.
Education Savings Accounts, endorsed by the President, would
provide an incentive for families to save for their chilren's
college education. The increasing cost of college is of
overwhelming concern to hundreds of thousands of American
families whose financial capacities are being strained.
Improved educational standards and a new emphasis on discipline
in the schools have inspired positive responses from families
and school districts around the nation concerned about the
future of their children.
The Youth Employment Opportunity Wage (youth minimum wage) is
a constructive family initiative designed to give young people
a start in the work environment and an experience base from
which to grow for the future.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 29, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR THE CABINET COUNCIL ON HUMAN RESOURCES
FROM:
PAUL B. SIMMONS
ACTING EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SUBJECT:
Recommendation for the Establishment of a White
House Task Force on Handicapped Programs
Report of the Working Group on Handicapped Policy
The Working Group on Handicapped Policy (see attached list)
has reviewed the extent of the Federal investment in programs for
handicapped individuals and finds the following:
There are more than 150 identified Federal programs
serving handicapped people (see attached).
All of these individual programs address important needs,
but often operate at cross purposes. For example, while
SSDI and SSI programs provide income and medical security
for handicapped persons, they also contain financial
incentives to keep these same individuals unemployed;
meanwhile, the Rehabilitation Services Administration
Program provides incentives to put handicapped persons to
work.
There is a lack of coordination in Federal programs. For
example, job placement efforts for handicapped are lodged
within the Departments of Labor, HHS, Education, the
President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped
and Veterans Administration.
At least 32 Federal agencies fund handicapped research.
Forty-two separate Federal programs specifically aimed at
the handicapped population have a combined annual budget
of over $36 billion.
58.5 percent of disabled men and 76.3 percent of disabled
women are not even looking for employment.
Eighty-seven percent of severely disabled individuals do
not try to find work, even while new technology is
opening many new opportunities for them.
- 2 -
The current population of Americans who regard themselves
as disabled to some extent is estimated at 35 million.
There are five committees, with 56 Presidential
appointees, that are addressing the needs of the handi-
capped population in America, often with overlapping
missions.
There are many other ad hoc committees of Federal
employees and interagency councils addressing various
aspects of handicapped policy in the Federal Government.
There are several actions that have already taken place as a
result of the Working Group on Handicapped Policy
recommendations.
O
The President made a statement on November 28, 1983
before several hundred handicapped individuals at a White
House reception establishing the goal of economic
independence for handicapped Americans.
Three new programs were also announced at that time:
(1) expansion of Private Sector Job Opportunities
Program (HHS) ;
(2) a cooperative effort between HHS and Education
to assist handicapped young people in their
transition from school to work;
(3) a national information and referral system for
physicians and consumers to facilitate access
to health and social services by handicapped
persons and their families. (Public Health
Service -- Dr. C. Everett Koop)
Cabinet Council on Human Resources -- Action Item
A White House task force consisting of managers of handi-
capped programs should be established to:
A. review present laws, regulations and policies and
recommend changes needed to bring them into compliance
with the President's stated goal of economic independence
for handicapped Americans;
B. identify disincentives to economic independence in
Federal laws and regulations;
C. review on a continuing basis proposed policies, programs
and initiatives coming out of Executive Branch Agencies
and recommend ways to eliminate program overlap;
- 3 -
D. bring various agency managers together to discuss
cooperative programs that would reduce costs and
encourage employment of handicapped persons in the
private sector;
E. identify and highlight programs of primary prevention,
already underway in the Federal Government.
The composition of the task force would be as follows:
1. Dr. C. Everett Koop (Chairman)
2. Dr. William Roper, Special Assistant to the President for
Health Policy (Vice Chairman)
3. Representatives from:
(a) Health and Human Services
(1) SSA
(2) HCFA
(3) HDS
(b) Education
(c) Labor
(d) Veterans Administration
(e) Justice
(f) OMB
JawB.Sins
March 29, 1984
REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON HANDICAPPED POLICY
BACKGROUND PAPER
On April 6, 1983 the President announced the establishment of
a Working Group on Handicapped Policy under the Cabinet Council
on Human Resources at the White House. Three objectives were
identified as follows:
encourage care for the handicapped within the context of
the family and the community;
promote integration of the handicapped into society,
schools and the workplace;
foster independence and dignity in the lives of
handicapped persons.
Clearly there is a strong moral commitment to provide some
form of protection and compensation for disabled people in this
country. However, increases in public spending on programs for
the disabled and the network of regulations established in any
attempt to integrate fully handicapped people into society have
caused even the traditional supporters of government intervention
to pause. Concern with the rising cost of disability programs
has affected all recent administrations, irrespective of
political party.
Any debate over the direction of the United States disability
policy must take into account the complex nature of the existing
system -- the size, structure, recent growth, economic status,
and labor market effects.
The many programs serving the disabled population in the
United States are interrelated in complicated ways, they are
costly, and they are growing rapidly.
One question that needs to be addressed is why and to what
degree should the public sector -- the Federal Government in
particular -- engage in activities to provide income support,
compensate for the loss of work capacity due to injuries, provide
medical care, provide training, provide rehabilitation services,
or stimulate employment demand for disabled workers? To what
degree should the government accept the goal of "equal access" to
education, employment, and mobility for disabled people? Is
public intervention based on efficiency principles, or on equity
and humanitarian grounds? One of the major problems affecting
the administration of disability programs is that many of them
are overlapping and nonintegrated.
-2-
To some degree rehabilitation and training services to
handicapped workers offset the disincentives implicit in income
support programs. For example, vocational rehabilitation,
sheltered workshops, direct job creation and regulations to
ensure equal access. The evaluation of these programs is
incomplete because of their relatively new arrival on the scene.
A definition of disablement or impairment is necessary to
identify the working aged, disabled population. Unfortunately
there is no correct definition as the concept of disability
ultimately rests on a social judgement. One definition of
impairment would be: A limitation of a physical, mental, or
emotional sort which reduces, to varying degrees, ones ability to
perform the functions required for the jobs one is, on other
grounds, qualified to hold. An estimate of the number of U.S.
disabled workers based on this definition would be ideal; unfor-
tunately, such a survey has not been undertaken in the United
States, and the required data is not available.
The present definition of a disabled person is based
primarily on self-evaluation. For example a person is provided
with a definition of disability in a set of work-related degrees
of impairment consistent with this definition, then asked to
classify him/herself appropriately.
Roughly 82% of non-disabled persons are participants in the
labor force, compared to 13% of the severely disabled. And only
51% of the severely disabled employed are full-time workers.
Generally the severely disabled earn only about 1/3 of the income
of the non-disabled, while the not severely disabled have wage
earnings of about 2/3 of the income of the non-disabled
population.
Presently government policy in the disability area would
appear to have two primary functions: establishing mechanisms to
achieve the appropriate sharing of costs of impairments and
sponsoring programs to achieve an optimal reduction in the
aggregate cost of disability.
As a result of the historic civil rights legislation in the
1960s, the Federal Government intervened to provide equal
justice, equal opportunity, and equal access to citizens regard-
less of color. Affirmative action programs were the principal
tool used to integrate racial minorities into the society. The
same revolutionary change in government policy toward the
handicapped occurred in the 70s and is based on a similar com-
mitment by society to use the same civil rights techniques
in order to integrate handicapped people into an able-bodied
society. The implementation of that commitment -- both then and
now -- is controversial.
-3-
The revolution in public policy toward the handicapped in the
1970s was marked by the acceptance of the proposition that the
handicapped represented a distinct minority group which is
subject to economic discrimination. That is, handicapped people
possess characteristics that distinguish them from other members
of society, and based on these characteristics they were
"discriminated" against. Government's responsibility, then, was
to reduce or eliminate this discrimination. The crucial impli-
cation of this justification for public intervention was that,
just as one would not cure racial discrimination by making Blacks
White, the cure to the disability problem did not lie in reducing
the functional limitations of the disabled. It did not lie in
overcoming these limitations through traditional programs that
shared the cost of disability through income maintenance, or in
counteracting disability with increased training. Rather, it
meant compelling society to change the network of private
relationships which prevents this social minority from being
fully integrated into all aspects of society. According to some
handicapped people, claim to a fair share of jobs and income will
be satisfied only when the patterns of discrimination against the
disabled individuals in given plants, companies, or industries
are exposed and government-enforced affirmative action plans are
imposed.
o It is estimated that there were about 21.3 million
disabled working age people in the United States in 1978,
of which 10.8 million were severely disabled and another
4.7 million were occupationally disabled.
The large number of separate programs providing assistance
to disabled workers is a serious impediment to evaluating
the equity and efficiency impacts of the "system". The
potential for multiple-program participation is enormous,
assessing how funds are distributed has been virtually
impossible. With such a long list of disparate programs
targeted toward disabled workers, it seems unlikely that
an efficient and integrated pattern of assistance and
service is now available. The implications of this long
list of programs for effective budgetary control are
obvious.
In addition to assistance, rehabilitation, and direct job
creation programs, there exists another set of public policies
targeted at the handicapped. These policies are regulatory in
nature and seek to impose standards on private business and
public sector organizations in their dealings with the
handicapped. The objective of these policies is to provide
handicapped people with equal access or equal opportunities in
three aspects of their lives: employment, education, and
mobility. Because these issues involve rulemaking policies,
-4-
their costs are not reflected in public expenditures; nor are
their benefits reflected in the numbers of people being supported
or provided services. Rather, the costs of these policies are
imposed on private or public sector organizations and become
indirectly reflected in the prices of goods and services or in
other public budgets.
This approach to disability policy has been discussed for
many years. Its implementation is a phenomenon of the 1970s.
The primary legislation of this sort is the Rehabilitation Act of
1973 (PL 93-112).
As public policy has developed with regard to the disabled
population, the increase in administrative conflicts are an
inevitable result of our multi-program approach. The
justification for a multi-program approach to disability is that
it is able to protect those who would "fall through the cracks"
of a system with less overlap. While this may be a benefit, the
redundancy cost of such a system are also clear.
Fear that any Federal program for the disabled would expand
beyond that justified on efficiency grounds alone has been born
out by the first 25 years of disability policy in the United
States. The system has quickly expanded from a narrow,
medically-defined, disability system to one that includes
job-related as well as health-related criteria. In addition, the
emergence of SSI has provided welfare benefits to some part of
the disabled population regardless of work history.
The system now provides a strong safety net that virtually
guarantees that no worker who is severely disabled will fall into
poverty. Further, it guarantees that those who are severely
disabled from birth will be assured a minimum income.
There are three segments to disability policy for the united
states. one is the traditional income support provisions, second
are rehabilitation strategies, and third are the affirmative
action/civil rights legislative mandates that grew out of the
civil rights activities of the 60s.
Private Sector Costs
There are no reliable estimates on the extent of the costs
incurred by private business and government as a result of law
suits requiring accessibility for the handicapped. However, when
one contemplates the changes required by these regulations if
they were to be fully enforced, the total bill is not likely to
be substantially less than that entailed by environmental and
occupational health and safety regulations.
-5-
To many of the handicapped, equal access is a fundamental
principle, and its achievement is to be secured as a matter of
right, irrespective of cost.
Since World War II, government policy toward the disabled
working age has concentrated on programs designed to share
directly the cost of disability by providing income support to
the most severely disabled. These programs, together with a
provision of moderate amounts of assistance for rehabilitation,
sheltered workshops, and direct job creation, were the basis of
the disability policy system until the 1970s. In the mid-1970s
direct job creation and the provision of equal access to
employment, education, and mobility emerged as major new thrusts.
The major commitment by the Federal Government to assure "equal
access" to employment, education, and mobility inorder to
integrate fully handicapped people into the broader community has
resulted in a major increase in government intervention into the
private sector. This intervention forms part of the tangle of
regulations that presently exist in programs serving the
handicapped.
There are several areas of policy that need to be considered
as we review the entire Federal commitment to disabled people in
America. Some of these areas are indicated as follows:
o What is the appropriate level of disability cost which
should be borne by society at large, and by what criteria
should assistance to the disabled be allocated among
potential claimants for it?
What role does the disability system play in employment
policy? How should rehabilitation and training, as well
as more direct intervention in the market -- job
subsidies, job creation, or job quotas -- fit into the
overall policy debate?
To what degree should the disability system attempt to
alter the socio-economic structure of society to
accommodate impaired citizens? And to what degree should
society be transformed so that impairments are made
irrelevant to normal interactions?
What are the implications of "equal access"?
What are the costs and benefits of improving equal access?
O What role do government regulations play in achieving
equal access?
The debate over the degree to which governments should
redistribute income through the disability system has been a
continuous one. Those who favor an increase in the commitment to
-6-
income redistribution have supported a broadening of the
definition of a "qualified" impairment as a means of establishing
a universal "safety net" for all poor people. The political
commitment to such reform clearly varies with the general
economic conditions.
The pressure for increasing this redistribution commitment is
exercised on two levels. The first is direct pressure on the
government to increase explicitly the commitment of public
programs to aid the disadvantaged. Proposals in this vein
suggest relaxing the eligibility criteria of ongoing programs,
increasing the benefit levels of these programs, or creating new
programs. The second form of pressure involves increased
utilization of current programs by the covered population or an
administrative relaxation in enforcement of current program
rules.
Conclusion
The American people have traditionally banded together and
extended their network of moral responsibility for the disabled
through family units, religious organizations, trade unions, and
private charities, and to some extent such private collection and
action can replace public programs.
The Federal Government has long espoused a policy of
increasing the ability of disabled workers to overcome their
impairment through rehabilitation and job training. However, the
resources committed to this effort have been far fewer than those
committed to income support.
Beginning in the 1970s, the government moved toward
guaranteeing the disabled "equal access" to education,
employment, and mobility. By declaring that living in a barrier
free environment is a fundamental "right" of disabled people, the
government for the first time stated its intent to adjust social
norms to accommodate the handicapped, rather than to provide
assistance to the handicapped in their efforts to adjust to
social norms. The crucial policy issue on which the debate over
this approach must focus is the cost of this strategy to the
non-disabled relative to the benefits conveyed to the disabled.
The debate will not be decided on cost reducing grounds, but
on some social judgment regarding the size and configuration of
public intervention that must be imposed by the political
process. It is possible that the policy that "a little bit more
is always a good thing and anything less is inconceivable" may be
replaced by an older tradition, one based on the premise that
government intervention does not always yield benefits
commensurate with costs, and that a search for those cases in
which it does is in order.
CABINET COUNCIL ON HUMAN RESOURCES
WORKING GROUP ON HANDICAPPED POLICY
(Established April 6, 1983)
OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT
Robert W. Sweet, Jr. (Chairman)
Senior Staff Member, OPD
COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS
David Henderson
Senior Staff Economist
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Dorcas R. Hardy
Assistant Secretary for Human Development Services
Dr. Jean K. Elder
Commissioner
Administration on Developmental Disabilities
Human Development Services
Margaret Porter
Program Analyst
Office of Assistant Secretary for
Planning and Evaluation
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING & URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Peter Tropp
Executive Assistant to the Assistant
Secretary for Policy, Development & Research
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Charles Swinburn
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy &
Intergovernmental Affairs
Joseph Canny
Deputy Director
Environmental & Policy Review
Office of Economics
NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE HANDICAPPED
Sandra Parrino
Chairman
Harvey C. Hirschi
Executive Director
-2-
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Madeleine C. Will
Assistant Secretary for Special Education &
Rehabilitative Services
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Sandra Solowiej
Special Assistant
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
William Bradford Reynolds
Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights
Kevin R. Jones
Attorney Advisor
Office of Legal Policy
VETERANS ADMINISTRATION
Anthony Principi
Associate Deputy Administrator for
Congressional & Public Affairs
Dr. Henry E. Spuehler, Director
Audiology & Speech Pathology Service
Lawrence DeMeo
Confidential Assistant to the Administrator
Billy R. Smith
Health Systems Specialist &
Special Assistant to the Deputy ACMD for
Rehabilitation Services
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT & BUDGET
John Cogan
Associate Director for Human Resources,
Veterans & Labor
WHITE HOUSE OFFICE OF PUBLIC LIAISON
Judy Buckalew
Special Assistant, OPL
VICE PRESIDENT'S TASK FORCE ON DEREGULATION
C. Boyden Gray
Counsel to the Vice President
-3-
ACTION
Betty H. Brake
Deputy Director
James Williams
Assistant Director
Office of Policy & Planning
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Dr. Lawrence A. Scadden
Program Director
Science & Technology to Aid the Handicapped
NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
Erika Jones
Special Assistant to the Deputy Administrator
PRESIDENT'S COMMITTEE ON MENTAL RETARDATION
Elsie Helsel
Vice Chairman
OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Cynthia E. Tapscott
Special Assistant to the Director
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Susan Jewett
Attorney Advisor
Office of Tax Legislative Counsel
SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
Martha McSteen
Commissioner
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
Richard Nelson
Director of Congressional Affairs
HEALTH CARE FINANCING ADMINISTRATION
Carolyne K. Davis
Administrator
FEDERAL PROGRAMS ASSISTING THE HANDICAPPED
Portion of Funds are
1983
C.F.D.A.
Reserved for Handicapped
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Individuals
(In Thousands)
DEPT. EDUCATION
Ofc. of Voca-
84.048
Vocational Education --
56,360K
tional & Adult
Basic Grants to States
Education
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
Ofc. of Human
13.600
Head Start
11,900K
Development
Services
FEDERAL PROGRAMS ASSISTING THE HANDICAPPED
Dept. or Agency
C.F.D.A.
Primary Mission: Assist
1983
Number
Handicapped
Appropriations
(In Thousands)
DEPT. EDUCATION
Ofc. Special
84.009
Education of Handicapped
146,520
Education & Re-
Children in State Operat-
habilitative
ed or Supported Schools
Services
84.023
Handicapped Research & De-
12,000
monstration
84.024
Handicapped Early Childhood
16,800
Assistance
84.025
Handicapped Innovative Pro-
15,360
grams -- Deaf Blind Cntrs.
84.026
Handicapped Media Services/
12,000
Captioned Films
84.027
Handicapped Preschool &
995,000
School Programs
84.028
Handicapped Regional
2,880
Resource Centers
84.029
Handicapped Personnel Pre-
49,300
paration
84.030
Handicapped Teachers Re-
720
cruitment & Information
84.078
Regional Education Programs
2,832
for Deaf & Other Handicapped
Persons
84.086
Innovative Programs for Se-
2,880
verely Handicapped Children
84.125
Clearinghouse on the Handi-
N/A
capped
84.126
Rehabilitation Services and
943,900
Facilities -- Basic Support
84.128
Rehabilitation Services &
31,094
Facilities -- Special Projs.
84.129
Rehabilitation Training
19,200
84.132
Centers for Independent
17,280
Living
-2-
Dept. or Agency
C.F.D.A.
Primary Mission: Assist
1983
Number
Handicapped
Appropriations
(In Thousands)
DEPT. EDUCATION (CONT'D.)
Ofc. Special Edu-
84.133
National Institute of Handi-
30,060
cation & Rehabili-
capped Research
tative Services
(Cont'd.)
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
Ofc of Human
13.613
President's Committee on
792
Development
Mental Retardation
Services
13.630
Developmental Disabilities
47,500
-- Basic Support &
Advocacy
13.631
Developmental Disabilities
2,500
-- Special Projects
13.632
Developmental Disabilities
7,500
-- University Affiliated
Facilities
Public Health
13.965
Coal Miners Respiratory
3,120
Service
Impairment Treatment,
Clinics and Services
Social Security
13.802
Social Security Disabil-
17,137,700
Administration
ity Insurance
13.806
Special Benefits for Dis-
1,093,000
abled Coal Miners
DEPT. OF LABOR
Employment Stand-
17.302
Longshoremen's & Harbor
4,000
ards Administra-
Workers' Compensation
tion
17.307
Coal Mine Workers'
856,000
Compensation
(Black Lung)
-3-
Dept. or Agency
C.F.D.A.
Primary Mission:
Assist
1983
Number
Handicapped
Appropriations
(In Thousands)
DEPT. OF LABOR (CONT'D.)
Office of Assist-
17.801
Disabled Veterans Out-
57,200
ant Secretary for
reach Program
Veterans Employment
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
42.001
Books for the Blind &
33,555
Physically Handicapped
OFC OF PERSONNEL
27.005
Federal Employment for
250
MANAGEMENT
Handicapped
PRESIDENT'S CTE. ON
53.001
Handicapped Employment
1,987
EMPLOYMENT OF HANDI-
Promotion
CAPPED
SMALL BUSINESS
59.021
Handicapped Assistance
15,500
ADMINISTRATION
Loans: Direct &
Guaranteed
VETERANS ADMINIS-
TRATION
Dept. of Medicine
64.007
Blind Veterans Rehabili-
6,129
& Surgery
tation Centers
64.013
Veterans Prosthetic
81,615
Appliances
Dept. of Veterans
64.100
Automobiles & Adaptive
15,723
Benefits
Equipment for Certain
Disabled Veterans &
Members of Armed Forces
64.104
Pension for Non-Service-
2,662,150
connected disability for
Veterans
64.106
Specially Adapted Housing
17,950
for Disabled Veterans
-4-
Dept. or Agency
C.F.D.A.
Primary Mission:
Assist
1983
Number
Handicapped
Appropriations
(In Thousands)
VETERANS ADMINIS-
TRATION (CONTINUED)
Dept. of Veterans
Benefits (Cont'd.) 64.109
Veterans Compensation for
7,856,600
Service-Connected Dis-
ability
64.116
Vocational Rehabilitation
121,636
for Disabled Veterans:
Direct Payments & Loans
64.118
Veterans Housing -- Direct
802,000
Loans for Disabled
Veterans
64.119
Rehabilitative Research
7,500
Architectural & Transpor-
2,020
tation Barriers Com-
pliance Board
EQUAL EMPLOY-
Interagency Committee on
N/A
MENT OPPORTUNITY
Handicapped Employees
COMMISSION
FEDERAL PROGRAMS ASSISTING THE HANDICAPPED
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
ACTION
72.001
Foster Grandparent Program
48,055K
72.008
Senior Companion Program
11,871K
72.010
Mini-Grant Program
0
COMMISSION ON
29.001
Clearinghouse Services,
Not Available
CIVIL RIGHTS
Civil Rights & Sex Dis-
crimination Complaints
DEPT. AGRICULTURE
Farmers Home Ad-
10.410
Low to Moderate Income
Not Available
ministration
Housing Loans
10.415
Rural Rental Housing Loans
Not Available
10.417
Very Low Income Housing Re-
Not Available
pair Loans & Grants
10.423
Community Facilities Loans
Not Available
Science & Edu-
10.500
Cooperative Extension
8,400K
cation Admin.
Service
DEPT. DEFENSE
12.500
U.S. Soldiers' & Airmens'
2,976K
Home
DEPT. EDUCATION
Office for Civil
84.004
Civil Rights
Not Available
Rights
Elementary and
84.034
Library Services & Con-
Not Available
Secondary Educa-
struction Act
tion
84.083
Women's Educational Equity
Not Available
84.117
Educational Research &
Development
-2-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. EDUCATION
(CONT'D.)
Office of Post-
84.042
Special Services for Dis-
1,821K
secondary Edu-
advantaged Students
cation
Office of Voca-
84.002
Adult Education -- State
4,750K
tional & Adult
Administered Programs
Education
84.049
Vocational Education --
Not Available
Consumer & Homemaking
Education
84.050
Vocational Education --
10,095K
Program Improvement
Grants
DEPT. ENERGY
81.042
Weatherization Assistance
Not Available
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
Health Care
13.714
Medical Assistance Pro-
Not Available
Financing
grams (Medicaid)
Administration
13.773
Medicare -- Hospital In-
4,300,000K
surance
13.774
Medicare Supplementary
2,000,000K
Medical Insurance
Office of Human
13.608
Child Welfare Research
Not Available
Development
& Demonstration
Services
Grants
13.645
Child Welfare Services --
Not Available
State Grants
13.647
Social Services Research
Not Available
& Demonstration
-3-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
(CONT'D.)
Office of Human
13.659
Child Adoption Assistance
Not Available
Development
Services (Cont'd.)
13.667
Social Services Block
Not Available
Grant
Office of the
13.675
Civil Rights Compliance
9,100K
Secretary
Activities
Public Health
13.110
Maternal & Child Health
55,600K
Service
Federal Consolidated
13.242
Mental Health Research
31,000K
Grants
13.244
Mental Health Clinical or
20,100K
Service Related Train-
ing Grants
13.262
Occupational Safety &
5,100K
Health Research Grants
13.263
Occupational Safety &
4,700K
Health Training Grants
13.268
Childhood Immunization
27,400K
Grants
13.281
Mental Health Research
1,800K
Scientist Development
& Research Scientist
Awards
13.282
Mental Health National
6,700K
Research Service Awards
for Research Training
13.393
Cancer Cause & Prevention
Not Available
Research
-4-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
(CONT'D.)
Public Health
13.394
Cancer Detection & Diag-
Not Available
Service (Cont'd.)
nosis Research
13.395
Cancer Treatment Research
Not Available
13.396
Cancer Biology Research
Not Available
13.837
Heart & Vascular Disease
Not Available
Research
13.838
Lung Diseases Research
Not Available
13.839
Blood Diseases & Re-
Not Available
sources Research
13.842
Craniofacial Anomalies
Not Available
Research
13.846
Arthritis, Bone & Skin
Not Available
Disease Research
13.847
Diabetes, Endocrinology,
Not Available
& Metabolism Research
13.848
Digestive Diseases and
Not Available
Nutrition Research
13.849
Kidney Diseases, Urology,
Not Available
& Hemotology Research
13.853
Clinical Research
Not Available
13.854
Biological Basic Research
Not Available
13.855
Immunology, Allergic &
Not Available
Immunological Diseases
Research
13.862
Genetics Research
Not Available
13.865
Research for Mothers &
Not Available
Children
-5-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. HEALTH &
HUMAN SERVICES
(CONT'D.)
Public Health
13.866
Aging Research
Not Available
Service (Cont'd.)
13.867
Retinal & Choroidal
Not Available
Diseases Research
13.868
Corneal Diseases Research
Not Available
13.869
Cataract Research
Not Available
13.870
Glaucoma Research
Not Available
13.992
Alcohol & Drug Abuse &
469,000K
Mental Health Services
Block Grants
13.994
Maternal & Child Health
422,100K
Services Block Grants
Social Security
13.807
Supplemental Security
5,665,000K
Administration
Income
13.808
Assistance Payments --
Not Available
Maintenance Assist-
ance (State Aid)
13.812
Social Security Assist-
Not Available
ance Payments Re-
search
DEPT. HOUSING &
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Community Plan-
14.218
Community Development
8,000K
ning & Develop-
Block Grants/Entitle-
ment
ment Grants
14.219
Community Development
Not Available
Block Grants/Small
Cities Program
14.220
Section 312 Rehabili-
Not Available
tation Loans
-6-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. HOUSING &
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
(CONT'D.)
Federal Housing
14.105
Interest Reductions --
0
Commissioner
Homes for Lower In-
come Families
14.138
Mortgage Insurance --
0
Rental Housing for
the Elderly
14.141
Nonprofit Sponsor
Not Available
Assistance Program
14.142
Property Improvement
0
Loan Insurance
14.156
Lower Income Housing
157,000K
Assistance
(estimate)
14.157
Housing for the Elderly
50,000K
or Handicapped
(direct loans)
14.170
Congregate Housing
Not Available
Services Program
DEPT. INTERIOR
Bureau of Indian
15.103
Indian Social Services --
10,390K
Affairs
Child Welfare Assist-
ance & BIA Education --
Institutionalized
Handicapped
Heritage Conser-
15.916
Outdoor Recreation, Ac-
Not Available
vation & Recrea-
quisition, Develop-
tion Service
ment & Planning
15.919
Urban Park & Recreation
Not Available
Recovery Program
-7-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
DEPT. LABOR
Employment &
17.207
Employment Service
24,300K
Training Admin-
istration
17.233
Employment & Training
3,600K
Research & Develop-
ment Projects
17.235
Senior Community
Not Available
Service Employment
Program
Employment Stand-
17.301
Equal Employment Oppor-
5,300K
ards Administra-
tunity by Federal
tion
Contractors
17.303
Minimum Wage & Hour
Not Available
Standards
Occupational
17.500
Occupational Safety &
Not Available
Safety & Health
Health
Administration
DEPT. TRANSPORTATION
Urban Mass Trans-
20.500
Urban Mass Transpor-
25,000K
portation Admin-
tation Capital
istration
Improvement Grants
Handicapped Services
25,000K
Grants
20.502
Urban Mass Transpor-
Not Available
tation Grants for
University Research
& Training
20.504
Mass Transportation
Not Available
Technology Grants &
Contracts
20.505
Urban Mass Transpor-
Not Available
tation Technical
Studies Grants
-8-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
NATIONAL AERO-
43.002
Technology Utilization
750K
NAUTICS & SPACE
(Rehabilitation/Biomed-
ADMINISTRATION
ical Program)
NATIONAL SCIENCE
47.009
Scientific Personnel
0
FOUNDATION
Improvement
47.041
Engineering & Applied
2,000K
Science
47.051
Biological, Behavioral,
& Social Sciences
VETERANS ADMINIS-
TRATION
Dept. Medicine &
64.001
Biomedical Research
Not Available
Surgery
64.005
Grants to States for
18,000K
Construction of
State Home Care
Facilities
64.008
Veterans Domiciliary
100,284K
Care
64.009
Veterans Hospitalization
4,821,880K
64.010
Veterans Nursing Home
322,507K
Care
64.011
Veterans Outpatient Care
1,553,250K
64.014
Veterans State Domicil-
12,688K
iary Care
64.015
Veterans State Nursing
31,599K
Home Care
64.016
Veterans State Hospital
3,611K
Care
64.022
Hospital Based Home Care
(9,910K)
(included above in Vet-
erans Outpatient Care)
-9-
Handicapped Individuals
1983
C.F.D.A.
are Included in the
Appropriations
Dept. or Agency
Number
Population Served
(In Thousands)
VETERANS ADMINIS-
TRATION (CONT'D.)
Dept. Veterans
64.119
Veterans Housing --
Not Available
Benefits
Mobile Home Loans
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT
Nondiscrimination &
Not Available
OPPORTUNITY COM-
Affirmative Action
MISSION
Federal Spending on Selected Major Programs Serving the Disabled
($ in millions/appropriations (BA))
MAR 16 1984
Program
1970
1980
1983
1984 2/
1985 3/
HHS/Medicare 1/
7,149
35,034
57,428
66,026
75,858
HHS/Medicaid 1/
2,727
13,957
19,047
20,674
21,213
HHS/Disability Ins.
2,954
15,332
18,305
18,528
18,803
HHS/Supplemental Security Income
---
6,468
8,544
8,376
5/
9,346
5/
VA/Direct Payments (Comp.
Pensions, etc.)
5,280
11,136
13,519
14,118
14,534
VA/Rehab. Services
16
76
92
102
109
Education/Handic. Educ.
122
1,193
1,346
1,386
1,361
Education/Rehab. Services
521
921
1,045
1,121
1,092
Labor/Coal Miners' Black Lung
Comp.
---
808
855
855
1/
950
SBA/Handic. Assist. Loans
--
24
23
25
5
HHS/Disabled Coal Miners' Parts
17
1,040
1,093
1,058
1,024
HHS/Develop. Disabilities
20
62
61
62
64
Labor/Federal Workmen's Comp.
118
785
980
1,040
1,071
HUD/Housing for Elderly and
Handicapped
--
805
564
631
498
Transportation/Transportation
Access
5
95
75
75
75
Labor/Disabled Vets. Outreach
-------
27
57
60
59
TOTAL
18,929
87,763
123,034
134,137
146,062
Change from Prior Column (%)
--
+363.6%
+40.2%
+9.0%
+8.9%
Change from Prior Column ($)
:
+68,834 +35,271 +11,103
+11,925
1/ For some of these programs (for example, Medicare, Medicaid, SSI) only a
portion of funds serve disabled; for others (for example, handicapped
education) all funds serve disabled. Table entries are total Federal program
funds, not exclusively those serving disabled.
2/ Enacted
3/ 1985 column of 1985 President's Budget.
4/ Outlays
5/ FY 83 includes 13 months of benefit payments, FY 84 includes 11 months of
benefit payments; and FY 85 includes 12 months of benefit payments.