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1985 Correspondence – Related Material (5)
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1985 Correspondence – Related Material (5)
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Jack F. Matlock, Jr.'s Chronological Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Matlock, Jack F.: Files Folder Title: 1985 Correspondence - Related Material (5) Box: 7 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 10/31/1985 File Folder 1985 CORRESPONDENCE RELATED MATERIALS (5/5) FOIA F06-114/1 Box Number 7 YARHI-MILO 712 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 6593 MEMO MCFARLANE TO PRESIDENT REAGAN RE 1 10/31/1985 B1 LETTER TO GORBACHEV [11] R 2/17/2010 GUIDELINES 6594 MEMO MATLOCK AND LINHARD TO MCFARLANE 1 10/31/1985 B1 RE LETTER FOR PRESIDENT REAGAN TO GORBACHEV [12] R 2/17/2010 GUIDELINES 6621 CABLE 010828Z NOV 85 [17-18] 2 11/1/1985 B1 R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6595 MEMO MCFARLANE TO PRESIDENT REAGAN RE 1 11/1/1985 B1 REPLY TO GORBACHEV'S LETTER [20] R 3/3/2011 F2006-114/1 6597 MEMO SAME TEXT AS DOC #6595 [24] 1 11/1/1985 B1 R 3/3/2011 F2006-114/1 6599 MEMO PLATT TO MCFARLANE RE LETTER TO 1 10/31/1985 B1 GORBACHEV [26] R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6601 MEMO MATLOCK TO MCFARLANE RE 1 12/18/1985 B1 PRESIDENTIAL LETTER TO GORBACHEV ON REGIONAL ISSUES [39] R 2/17/2010 GUIDELINES Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 10/31/1985 File Folder 1985 CORRESPONDENCE RELATED MATERIALS (5/5) FOIA F06-114/1 Box Number 7 YARHI-MILO 712 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 6605 MEMO MCFARLANE TO PRESIDENT REAGAN RE 1 12/23/1985 B1 LETTER TO GORBACHEV [40] R 3/3/2011 F2006-114/1 6623 LETTER PLATT TO MCFARLANE RE DRAFT LETTER 3 12/13/1985 B1 PRESIDENT REAGAN TO GORBACHEV [49- 51] R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6606 MEMO MEMO TO BILL RE PRESIDENT REAGAN 1 ND B1 LETTER TO GORBACHEV [52] R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6609 LETTER PRESIDENT REAGAN TO GORBACHEV [54- 3 ND B1 56] R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6610 MEMO SAME TEXT AS DOC #6606 [59] 1 ND B1 R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6611 LETTER SAME TEXT AS DOC #6609 [61-63] 3 ND B1 R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6613 MEMO SAME TEXT AS DOC #6605 [66] 1 12/23/1985 B1 R 3/3/2011 F2006-114/1 6616 MEMO SAME TEXT AS DOC #6601 [67] 1 12/18/1985 B1 R 2/17/2010 GUIDELINES Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 10/31/1985 File Folder 1985 CORRESPONDENCE RELATED MATERIALS (5/5) FOIA F06-114/1 Box Number 7 YARHI-MILO 712 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 6625 LETTER SAME TEXT AS DOC #6623 [72-74] 3 12/13/1985 B1 R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6617 MEMO SAME TEXT AS DOC #6606 [75] 1 ND B1 R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 6626 LETTER PRESIDENT REAGAN TO GORBACHEV [77- 3 ND B1 79] R 11/27/2007 NLRRF06-114/1 Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. Oct29 1 Reyphoo NSC/S PROFILE CONF IDENTIAL ID 8508881 RECEIVED 04 NOV 85 10 TO PRESIDENT FROM RYZHKOV, NIKOLAY DOCDATE 29 OCT 85 PLATT, N DECLASSIFIED GS Guidelines, August 28 1997 File Menau 02 NOV 85 By NARA, Date 6/12/02 KEYWORDS: USSR pres DOBRYNIN, ANATOLIY F SUBJECT: RYZHKOV RESPONSE TO PRES CONGRATULATORY LTR / NEW POSITION AS CHAIRMAN ACTION: FOR RECORD PURPOSES DUE: STATUS C FILES WH FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO MATLOCK SESTANOVICH MANDEL LENCZOWSKI COMMENTS REF# 8532539 LOG NSCIFID ( HW HW ) ACTION OFFICER (S) ASSIGNED ACTION REQUIRED DUE COPIES TO DISPATCH W/ATTCH FILE (C) S/S 8532539 3 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 CONFIDENTIAL November 2, 1982 MEMORANDUM FOR MR. ROBERT C. MCFARLANE THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Ryzhkov Response to President's Congratulatory Letter In a letter to the President, Nikolay Ryzhkov, Chairman of the Soviet Council of Ministers, expressed his appreciation for the earlier letter from the President congratulating him on his new position. Ambassador Dobrynin handed the text of the letter to the Secretary on October 31. The text with translation is attached. fn Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary CONFIDENTIAL DECL: OADR DECLASSIFIED Department of State Guidelines, July 21, 1997 Rv as NARA, Date 6/12/02 4 RELEASED DECLASSIFIED Department of State Guidelines, July 21, 1997 By CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 Unofficial translation His Excellency Ronald W. .REAGAN The President of the United States of America The White House, Washington, D.C. October 29, 1985 Dear Mr.President, Thank you for your congratulations on my appointment to the post of the Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers. I am confident that a constructive development of the relations between the USSR and USA on an equal basis would be in the interests of the peoples of our countries and in the interests of peace. N.RYZHKOV The Kremlin, Moscow 5 EΓo Превосходительству Рональду У.Рейгану Президенту Соединенных Штатов Америки Белый дом, Вашингтон Уважаемый господин Президент, Благодарю Bac 3a Ваши поздравления B связи C моим назначением Ha пост председателя CoBeTa Министров CCCP. Уверен, что конструктивное развитие отношений между CCCP И США Ha равноправной ocHoBe отвечало бы интересам народов наших cTpaH, интересам мира. Н.РЫЖКОВ MocKBa, Кремль 29 октября I985 Γ. DECLASSIFIED (ReleAse) Department of State Guidelines, July 21, 1997 By CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 Tit 3/ 6 backup MATLOCK SYSTEM II 91135 FILE THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 31, 1985 Dear Mr. General Secretary: As I told Foreign Minister Shevardnadze in New York October 24, I have been giving careful consideration to your letter dated September 12. The issues you raise are important ones, the ideas you have put forward are in many ways interesting, and I have wanted to study them thoroughly before replying. Many of the specific points you addressed in your letter have been or will be dealt with by our delegations in the Geneva arms control negotia- tions or by our Foreign Ministers. In this letter I will therefore focus on what I consider the most significant issues you have raised. You suggested in your letter that we might reach an understanding on the inadmissibility of nuclear war and other general principles which should guide us. Foreign Minister Shevardnadze has since proposed specific language for our consideration. As I have repeatedly made clear, it is indeed my view that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought. I therefore have instructed Secretary Shultz to discuss this matter with Foreign Minister Shevardnadze in their meetings next week. As we address this and other elements which may figure in any document we may issue in Geneva, I believe it is important to give the most careful consideration to our words. The experience of the past has been that overly vague or rhetorical language has led to expectations which, given the competitive aspect of our relationship to which you referred in your letter, cannot be sustained. ASSIFIED /Pe/eASers NISF99-051 NARA, Date #358 6/12/02 SMF 16/16/88 Authority BY CAS 2 If we are to avoid subsequent misunderstandings and disillusionment, our own statements should be clear and based on concrete achievements. I am convinced that there is substantial common ground on the range of areas we have been discussing in connection with our forthcoming meeting, and I would hope that this common ground can be expanded during our meeting in Geneva. You raised several specific areas in the security field where this might be possible. Secretary Shultz will be prepared to discuss all your ideas in concrete terms while he is in Moscow. I believe you will find that we are indeed prepared to go our fair share of the way to ensure our meet- ing is a productive one. I do, however, want to address your response to the proposals we had previously made in the Geneva arms control talks, which was foreshadowed in your letter and which your delegation subsequently tabled in Geneva. We have been carefully assessing your counter- proposal over the last month. As I stated in my address to the United Nations on October 24, I believe that within it there are seeds which we should nurture and that in the coming weeks we should seek to establish a genuine process of give- and-take. In order to foster such a process, I have approved a new and comprehensive proposal designed to build upon the positive elements of your counterproposal and bridge the positions of our two sides. I have asked our negotiators to extend the current round to permit your experts to achieve a full understan- ding of our approach. This new proposal deals with all three areas under discussion in the Geneva negotiations. Its essence is a proposal for radical and stabilizing reductions in strategic offensive arms and a separate agreement on intermediate-range nuclear missile systems, both of which bridge US and Soviet ideas. We also propose that both sides provide assurances that their strategic defense programs are and will remain in full accord with the ABM Treaty. 3 Such assurances assume a resolution of our current differences over compliance with the Treaty. In the area of strategic arms, the United States agrees with the objective of a fifty percent reduction in strategic offensive forces. Our proposal builds on this, applying the fifty percent principle in a manner that is both equitable and can enhance stability. In the area of intermediate-range nuclear forces, we have also looked for elements we find in common. While I continue to firmly believe that the best outcome would be the complete elimination of intermediate- range nuclear missiles on both sides, in our new proposal, we have also moved in your direction. In defense and space we must begin now to establish a framework for a cooperative transition to more reliance on defenses and we would like to see a more developed dialogue on how such a tran- sition could be jointly undertaken. We have designed our approach to provide for a mutually acceptable resolution of the range of nuclear and space arms issues; to take account of the interrelationship between the offense and the defense; and to address those concerns that you and your negotiators have described as being of great importance to you. I am convinced that this new proposal can provide the basis for immediate and genuine progress on the numerous and complex issues facing us in the nuclear and space area, and I look forward to discussing it with you in Geneva later this month. We will also have the opportunity in Geneva to discuss the other areas which make up our rela- tionship. Much work remains to be done if we are to be able to announce specific progress on regional and bilateral issues. I hope that Secretary Shultz's Moscow visit will be a stimulus to rapid progress in the weeks ahead. 10 4 In conclusion, may I say once more that I am look- ing forward to our meeting and that I sincerely hope we will be able to set our countries on a less confrontational and more cooperative course in the years ahead. I will personally spare no effort to help bring this about. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan His Excellency Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Moscow SYSTEM II 91135 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SECRET October 31, 1985 ACTION SIGNED MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROBERT C. MCFARLANE SUBJECT: Letter to Gorbachev Issue Whether to sign a letter to Gorbachev. Facts Shevardnadze delivered to you a letter from Gorbachev when you met September 27. This letter has not yet been answered. Discussion Gorbachev's letter notified you that the Soviets would be making new proposals at the Geneva negotiations. Now that we are prepared to reply to that offer, it would be appropriate for you to respond to Gorbachev's letter by notifying him of our new proposals. This letter also serves to give your personal endorsement to George Shultz's mission to Moscow next week. Recommendation That you sign the letter at Tab A. OK No RR That you sign the letter at Tab A. 1 Attachment: Tab A Letter to Gorbachev Prepared by: Jack F. Matlock SECRET Declassify on : OADR DECLASSIFIED Sec.3.4(b), E.O. 12958, as amended White House Cuidelines, Sept. 11, 2006 BY NARA as , DATE 2/17/10 SYSTEM II 91135 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 SECRET October 31, 1985 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT C. MCFARLANE SIGNED 8ml FROM: JACK MATLOCK and BOB LINHARD SUBJECT: Letter from President to Gorbachev Attached at Tab I is a memorandum to the President recommending that he sign the letter to Gorbachev which notifies Gorbachev of our new proposals in the NST negotiations and supports Secretary Shultz's meetings next week. RECOMMENDATION: That you sign the Memorandum to the President at Tab I. Approve -RR Disapprove Attachments: Tab I Memorandum to the President Tab A President's Letter to Gorbachev SECRET Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED Sec.3.4(b), E.O. 12958, as amended MARA White House Guidelines, DATE Sept. 2/17/10 13 DRAFT GORBACHEV LETTER Dear Mr. General Secretary, As I told Foreign Minister Shevardnadze in New York October 24, I have been giving careful consideration to your letter dated September 12. The issues you raise are important ones, the ideas you have put forward are in many ways interesting, and I have wanted to study them thoroughly before replying. Many of the specific points you addressed in your letter have been or will be dealt with by our delegations in the Geneva arms control negotiations or by our Foreign Ministers. In this letter I will therefore focus on what I consider the most significant issues you have raised. You suggested in your letter that I am opposed to the possibility of a military clash between our two countries, and that language to this effect be incorporated into a concluding document for our Geneva meeting. Foreign Minister Shevardnadze has since proposed specific language for our consideration. As I have repeatedly made clear, it is indeed my view that a nuclear war can not be won and must not be fought. I therefore see no reason in principle why it should not be possible to reach agreement on this point and have instructed Secretary Shultz to develop appropriate language while he is in Moscow. I believe it is important, however, that as we address this and other elements which may figure in any documents we may issue in Geneva, we give the most careful consideration to our words. The experience of the past has been that overly vague or rhetorical language has led to expectations which, given the competitive aspect of our relationship to which you referred in your letter, can not be sustained. If we are to avoid subsequent misunderstandings and disillusionment, our own statements should be clear and based on concrete achievements. I am convinced that there is substantial common ground on the range of areas we have been discussing in connection with our forthcoming meeting. I see no reason why we should not be in a position to announce agreements in a number of fields when we meet in November if the Soviet side is prepared to show the necessary flexibility. You raised several specific areas in the security field where this might be possible. Secretary Shultz will be prepared to discuss all your ideas in concrete terms while he is in Moscow. I believe you will find that we are indeed prepared to go our fair share of the way to ensure our meeting is a productive one. DECLASSIFIED RELEASED SMF 10/4/00 Authority BY CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 - 2 - gives Kabby I do, however, want to address your response to the proposals we had previously made in the Geneva arms control talks, which was foreshadowed in your letter and which your delegation subsequently tabled in Geneva. We have been carefully assessing your counterproposal over the last month. As I stated in my address to the United Nations on October 24, I believe that within it there are seeds which we should nurture and that in the coming weeks we should seek to establish a genuine process of give-and-take. In order to foster such a process, I have approved a new and comprehensive proposal designed to build upon the positive elements of your counterproposal and bridge the positions of our two sides. This new proposal deals with all three areas under discussion in the Geneva negotiations. Its essence is a proposal for radical and stabilizing reductions in strategic offensive arms and a separate agreement on intermediate-range nuclear missile systems, both of which bridge US and Soviet ideas. [we also propose that both sides reaffirm that their a. strategic defense programs are and will remain in full accord with the ABM Treaty. Such reaffirmation must be contingent upon a prior resolution of our current ifferences over compliance with the treaty. ) We have designed our approach to provide for a mutually acceptable resolution of the range of nuclear and space arms issues; to take account of the interrelationship between the offense and the defense; and to address those concerns that you and your negotiators have described as being of great importance to you. I am convinced that this new proposal can provide the basis for immediate and genuine progress on the numerous and complex issues facing us in the nuclear and space area, and I look forward to discussing it with you in Geneva later this month. We will also, of course, have the opportunity in Geneva to discuss the other areas which make up our relationship. Much work remains to be done if we are to be able to announce specific progress on regional and bilateral issues. I hope that Secretary Shultz's Moscow visit will be a stimulus to rapid progress in the weeks ahead. Before closing, I would like to reiterate the importance I personally attach to some movement on the Soviet side in the human rights field by the time of our meeting. As you know, I stressed this point to Foreign Minister Shevrdnadze during our New York conversation. I understand your sensitivities and principles in this area and I do not ask you to compromise 15 - 3 - them. But there are many cases which it would be possible for you to resolve without your having to do so. I can not tell you what an impact this would have on popular perceptions of the Soviet Union in this country and, I believe, in the world. I have asked Secretary Shultz to convey my best wishes, and my hopes for major progress in our preparations for the Geneva meeting during his visit and in the weeks remaining. Sincerely, Ronald W. Reagan 0 $1 16 SECRET NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT Prescor your PAGE 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 5660 DTG: 010828Z NOV 85 PSN: 068010 EOB624 AN008454 TOR: 305/1425Z CSN: HCE648 DISTRIBUTION: STEI-01 DOBR-01 SEST-01 LENC-01 LEHR-01 MAT-01 DANZ-01 /007 A2 N 0 WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: D SIT: MATL LINH SIT PUBS VP EOB EOB: S OP IMMED STU0762 DECLASSIFIED DE RUEHMO #5660 3050828 O 010828Z NOV 85 ZFF4 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NLRR FO6 214/, #6621 N TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 6741 0 S E CRE T MOSCOW 15660 BY as NARA DATE 11/27/07 D NODIS S E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PREL, UR, US SUBJECT: DELIVERY OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER TO GORBACHEV REF: STATE 335446 N 1. SECRET ENTIRE TEXT. 0 D 2. AMBASSADOR DELIVERED TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER TO FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE AT 9:00 A.M. MOSCOW TIME NOVEMBER 1. THE AMBASSADOR NOTED THAT S THE LETTER SET FORTH THE PRESIDENT'S THOUGHTS ON THE OVERALL BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP AND THE UPCOMING GENEVA MEETING. IN PARTICULAR, THE LETTER EXPLAINED THE BASIS FOR OUR RESPONSE TO THE SOVIET COUNTER- PROPOSALS OUTLINED IN GORBACHE V' S SEPTEMBER 12 LETTER TO THE PRESIDENT. AND IT PROVIDED THE PRESIDENT'S REACTION TO SOME OF THE PROPOSALS SHEVARDNADZE C- N RECENTLY HAD PUT FORWARD TO US IN NEW YORK. THE 0 LETTER ALSO INDICATED THAT OUR NEGOTIATORS HAD BEEN INSTRUCTED TO EXPLAIN OUR PROPOSALS MORE FULLY IN D GENEVA. OF COURSE, THE AMBASSADOR ADDED, SECRETARY SHULTZ WOULD BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS THESE MATTERS IN DETAIL DURING HIS UPCOMING MOSCOW VISIT. -- S 3. AFTER THANKING THE AMBASSADOR FOR CONVEYING THE PRESIDENT' S LETTER, SHEVARDNADZE SAID THE LETTER WOULD BE STUDIED THOROUGHLY, THE SOVIET SIDE WOULD WELCOME EVERYTHING CONSTRUCTIVE IN IT, AND A REPORT WOULD BE SENT TO GORBACHEV BY THE END OF THE DAY. SHEVARDNADZE SAID THAT A MESSAGE HAD BEEN RECEIVED YESTERDAY (OCTOBER 31) FROM THE SOVIET NEGOTIATORS IN GENEVA REGARDING THE U.S. DESIRE TO EXTEND THE CURRENT ROUND, AND THAT THE SOVIET SIDE SUPPORTED THIS IDEA. -- 4. THE AMBASSADOR NOTED HE WOULD BE LEAVING FOR HELSINKI LATE NOVEMBER 1 TO JOIN THE SECRETARY THERE. SHEVARDNADZE SAID THAT AS DOBRYNIN HAD TOLD THE SECRETARY, THE SOVIET SIDE WOULD WELCOME THE SECRETARY' S COMING DIRECTLY TO MOSCOW ON SATURDAY OR SUNDAY, BUT OF COURSE THAT WAS ENTIRELY UP TO THE SECRET IX SECRET NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 02 OF 02 MOSCOW 5660 DTG: 010828Z NOV 85 PSN: 068010 SECRETARY. SHEVARDADZE ASKED THAT AMBASSADOR HARTMAN CONVEY SHEVARDNADZE'S BEST REGARDS TO SECRETARY SHULTZ. HARTMAN N BT 0 D I S N 0 D I S N 0 D I S C- N 0 D I S SECRET Nov 1,198519 19 back up material 20 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SECRET/SENSITIVE November 1, 1985 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROBERT C. MCFARLANE Impor SUBJECT: Reply to Gorbachev's Letter on Private Channel You will recall that you mentioned to Shevardnadze during your private conversation on September 27 that it might be useful to establish a direct and unofficial channel of communication between you and Gorbachev. Gorbachev responded in a letter dated October 12 (Tab B), in which he named Dobrynin as his interlocutor. Obviously, what the letter implies is that the Soviets would like to reactivate the arrangement which Kissinger used -- a special channel through Dobrynin. Such an arrangement is not in our interest since it gives Dobrynin access to our decision makers while denying us access to theirs. It also would mean that we rely entirely on Dobrynin to interpret and explain our positions to his government, which of course is not a desirable thing to do. I suggest, therefore, that you reply to Gorbachev -- in a letter George Shultz or I could deliver to him personally -- that we of course will use Dobrynin to the same degree that they use Hartman. In other words, if they want to do things through established channels, fine. But if we use their man, they have to use ours. Recommendation OK No RR That you sign the letter at Tab A. - Attachment: Tab A Letter to. General Secretary Gorbachev Tab B Letter from General Secretary Gorbachev Prepared by: Jack Matlock SECRET/SENSITIVE Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/1#6595 BY RW NARA DATE 3/3/11 21 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Dear Mr. General Secretary: This is in reply to your letter of October 12, 1985, concerning the possibility of a confidential exchange of opinions on a non-official basis. My reasons for mentioning this possibility to Foreign Minister Shevardnadze were twofold. First, it seemed that there could be some intrinsic value in exchanging opinions informally and privately without the constraints imposed by official formality. But I also wished to resolve certain ambiguities in how we communicate. From time to time in recent months Soviet officials have approached American officials or private citizens who are in touch with senior officials in our government and have offered comments which, they suggest, represent your views. Naturally, I have paid close attention to these comments since I take your opinions very seriously and wish to do the utmost to understand them with full clarity. However, the comments received in this manner have not always been consistent and thus I have dif- ficulty determining to what degree they in fact represent your views. It therefore seemed worth- while to seek a clarification. I judge from your reply that you consider established channels adequate for communication between us. That is agreeable to me. Consequently Secretary Shultz will continue to look forward to receiving Ambassador Dobrynin at the State Department. Similarly, we will expect that Ambassador Hartmann will enjoy corresponding access to you. in Moscow. Authority NLS597-001 DECLASSIFIED (HELASED) "105 smf 10/22/99 BY CKS NARA, 6/12/07 22 2 I hope that the meetings Secretary Shultz has in Moscow will lay the groundwork for a productive meeting between us in Geneva. I am very much looking forward to meeting you there and continue to hope that we will succeed in setting relations between our two contries on a more constructive course. Sincerely yours, Renuld Regan His Excellency Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The Kremlin Mosocw 23 DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines, August 28, 1997 By CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 SECRET CLASSIFICATION CIRCLE ONE BELOW MODE PAGES IMMEDIATE SECURE FAX # DTG PRIORITY ADMIN FAX n RELEASER ROUTINE RECORD # FROM/LOCATION DAVID CHEW/WHITE HOUSE 1. TO/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT JIM KUHN/CAMP DAVID (FOR THE PRESIDENT) 1. 2. 3. 4. David Chew, 5. We need to get this signal 6. 7. toright so Bud can carry INFORMATION ADDEES/LOCA1 it tomorrow Request you 1. DACOM to Camp David 2. & SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/REMARKS: Jim: Please call me as soon as the President has had an opportunity to sign this. Thanks. David 11/1/85 545 p.m. per Jim Kuhn President signed. Secret &. Emery CLASSIFICATION WHCA FORM 8. 15 OCTOBER 84 24 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SECRET/SENSITIVE November 1, 1985 ACTION SIGNED MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROBERT C. MCFARLANE proper SUBJECT: Reply to Gorbachev's Letter on Private Channel You will recall that you mentioned to Shevardnadze during your private conversation on September 27 that it might be useful to establish a direct and unofficial channel of communication between you and Gorbachev. Gorbachev responded in a letter dated October 12 (Tab B), in which he named Dobrynin as his interlocutor. Obviously, what the letter implies is that the Soviets would like to reactivate the arrangement which Kissinger used -- a special channel through Dobrynin. Such an arrangement is not in our interest since it gives Dobrynin access to our decision makers while denying us access to theirs. It also would mean that we rely entirely on Dobrynin to interpret and explain our positions to his government, which of course is not a desirable thing to do. I suggest, therefore, that you reply to Gorbachev -- in a letter George Shultz or I could deliver to him personally -- that we of course will use Dobrynin to the same degree that they use Hartman. In other words, if they want to do things through established channels, fine. But if we use their man, they have to use ours. Recommendation OK No That you sign the letter at Tab A. - - Attachment: Tab A Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev Tab B Letter from General Secretary Gorbachev Prepared by: Jack Matlock SECRET/SENSITIVE Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/1#6597 BY RW NARA DATE 3/3/11 25 TAB B SUPER SENSITIVE 8532370 United States Department of State 26 Washington, D.C. 20520 SECRET SENSITIVE October 31, 1985 MEMORANDUM FOR MR. ROBERT C. MCFARLANE THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev The Soviets have responded to our suggestion of a special channel of communications between the President and General Secretary Gorbachev by nominating Ambassador Dobrynin. Gorbachev's letter of October 12 is attached at Tab 2. The Department believes that we should respond symmetrically by nominating Ambassador Hartman as our Moscow point of contact. The draft Presidential response at Tab 1 makes the point that Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze should be part of the process. for Nicholas Bomckmley Platt Executive Secretary DECLASSIFIED SECRET NLRR F06-114/, #6599 DECL:OADR BY as NARA DATE 11/07/07 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 21 SUGGESTED REPLY Dear Mr. General Secretary: I enjoyed once again the opportunity to talk with Foreign Minister Mr. Shevardnadze during his visit to New York for the UN 40th Anniversary ceremonies. We had a good, if brief, chat, and he and George Shultz had the opportunity to continue their more extensive discussions. I would like in this letter to respond to your letter of October 12 on the question of channels of communication between us. I fully agree that it is important that we be able to communicate confidentially and rapidly on matters of concern to us and to the entire world. We will be happy to work with Ambassador Dobrynin here in Washington. He should deal directly with Secretary Shultz, who will inform me immediately of any messages the Ambassador may convey. I will also continue to use Ambassador Hartman in Moscow to convey my thoughts on these most delicate and-weighty matters directly to Foreign Minister Shevardnadze, who, I am confident, will relay them directly to you. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan DECLASSIFIED |RE|OASED BY Authority CAS NL5597-001 #107 SMF 10/22/99 , NARA, Date 6/12/02 Strictly confidential Unofficial translation 28 Authority NLSS97 CAS DECLASSIFIED #104 smf10/22/99 NARA, Date 6/12/02 October 12, 1985 BY Dear Mr.President, Our Minister Eduard A. Shevardnadze has informed me in detail about his conversation with you in Washington on September 27. While there exist substantial differences in the positions of the two sides regarding concrete issues, which surfaced also in the course of that conversation and which I shall not touch upon in this letter, we deem it important that you, like us, proceed from the objective fact that we all live on the same planet and must learn to live together. It really is a fundamental judgement. Here I would like to give you my answer only to one specific question you raised during the conversation with Eduard A. Shevardnadze, namely with regard to a confidential exchange of opinions between us bypassing, should it become necessary, the usual diplomatic channel. I am in favor of this. Indeed, there may arise the need to contact each other on matters on whose solution depend both the state of Soviet-American rela- tions and the world situation as a whole. On our side to maintain the confidential liason with a person who will be designated by you for this purpose is entrusted to Ambassador Anatoly F. Dobrynin. Sincerely yours, M.GORBACHEV His Excellency Ronald W.REAGAN The President of the United States of America, Nov. 7 a back up 30 CONFIDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT File PAGE 01 SECSTATE WASHDC 5548 DTG: 010536Z NOV 85 PSN: 067375 EOB294 AN008218 TOR: 305 0602Z CSN HCE481 DISTRIBUTION: MILL-01 STEI-01 DOBR-01 NSCS-01 SEST-01 LENC-01 LEHR-01 MAT-01 DANZ-01 /009 A2 WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: EOB: OP IMMED DE RUEHC #5548 3050537 O 010536Z NOV 85 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE 9807 INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 0094 CONFIDENTIA L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 335548 E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PPDC, PDIP, UR, US SUBJECT: NATIONAL DAY MESSAGE - 1. EMBASSY IS REQUESTED TO DELIVER AT AN APPROPRIATE TIME PRIOR TO NOVEMBER 7 THE FOLLOWING NATIONAL DAY MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT REAGAN TO ANDREI GROMYKO, CHAIRMAN OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME SOVIET: BEGIN TEXT: DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: ON BEHALF OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, I WISH TO CONGRATULATE THE PEOPLE OF THE SOVIET UNION ON THE OCCASION OF THE NATIONAL DAY OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS. I LOOK FORWARD TO MEETING WITH GENERAL SECRETARY GORBACHEV IN GENEVA LATER THIS MONTH. THIS MEETING PROVIDES AN HISTORIC OPPORTUNITY TO WORK TOGETHER TO CREATE AN AGENDA FOR A MORE CONSTRUCTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES, ONE WHICH COULD REDUCE THE THREAT OF NUCLEAR WAR, ASSIST IN RESOLVING REGIONAL CONFLICTS, AND IMPROVE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN OUR GOVERNMENTS AND PEOPLES. THE UNITED STATES IS READY TO DO EVERYTHING IN ITS POWER TO ATTAIN THESE GOALS, WHICH ARE OF CRITICAL IMPORTANCE TO THE PEOPLES OF BOTH OUR NATIONS AND OF THE ENTIRE WORLD. HIS EXCELLENCY ANDREI ANDREYEVICH GROMYKO CHAIRMAN, PRESIDIUM OF THE supreme SOVIET OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS MOSCOW. END TEXT. 2. WE DO NOT PLAN TO RELEASE THE MESSAGE BUT HAVE NO OBJECTION OT ITS RELEASE BY THE SOVIETS. THERE WILL BE NO SIGNED ORIGINAL. SHULTZ BT DECLASSIFIED Department of State Guidelines, July 21, 1997 By CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 CONF IDENTIAL 31 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL ID 8508538 REFERRAL DATE: 04 NOV 85 MEMORANDUM FOR: STATE SECRETARIAT DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: TO: SHEVARDNADZE, EDUARD SOURCE: PRESIDENT DATE: 04 NOV 85 KEYWORDS: USSR SHEVARDNADZE, EDUARD SUBJ: PRES THANK YOU LTR TO SHEVARDNADZE REQUIRED ACTION: FOR DISPATCH DUEDATE: COMMENTS: for WILLIAM F. MARTIN EXECUTIVE SECRETARY 32 ] backup- - Nov. 4 Pres. thank you noto & S Shev 33 F.le- pres Mattock cour 8538 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON November 4, 1985 Dear Mr. Minister: I truly appreciated the opportunity to meet with you at the White House and in New York to discuss a broad range of issues of mutual concern to our two countries. I look forward to meeting with General Secretary Gorbachev in November and establishing a bilateral dialogue to bring about a more stable future for both of our peoples. Nancy and I want to thank you and Mrs. Shevardnadze for the handsome gifts you brought for us. We are pleased to have the samovar and matching tray and the lacquered box as remembrances of the exquisite artistry of your fellow countrymen. With our best wishes to you, Mrs. Shevardnadze, and to your colleagues as we approach our meeting in Geneva, Sincerely, Ronald Reagon His Excellency Eduard A. Shevardnadze Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Moscow $ 34 8538 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 October 31, 1985 MEMORANDUM FOR MR. JOHN E. HILBOLDT FROM: WILLIAM F. MARTIN hAPE SUBJECT: Letter from the President to Shevardnadze The NSC has reviewed the draft text of a letter from the President to Shevardnadze thanking him for the gifts he presented during his September visit. We have made some minor suggestions, included in the draft at Tab A, primarily to reflect the President's recent meeting with Shevardnadze in New York. Attachments Tab A NSC suggested text for Presidential letter Tab B Original draft Dear Mr. Minister: I truly appreciated the opportunity to meet with you at the White House and in New York to discuss a broad range of issues of mutual concern to our two countries. I look forward to meeting with General Secretary Gorbachev in November and establishing a bilateral dialogue to bring about a more stable future for both of our peoples. Nancy and I want to thank you and Mrs. Shevardnadze for the handsome gifts you brought for us. We are pleased to have the samovar and matching tray and the lacquered box as remembrances of the exquisite artistry of your fellow countrymen. With our best wishes to you, Mrs. Shevardnadze, and to your colleagues as we approach our meeting in Geneva, Sincerely, His Excellency Eduard A. Shevardnadze Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Mosdow RR: AVH : CMF : JEH pps Dispatch thru State via NSC. 36 8538 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 NSC Draft Letter to Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze Dear Mr. Minister: I truly appreciated the opportunity to meet with you at the White House and in New York to discuss a broad range of issues of mutual concern to our two countries. I look forward to meeting with General Secretary Gorbachev in November and establishing a bilateral dialogue to bring about a more stable future for both of our peoples. Nancy and I want to thank you and Mrs. Shevardnadze for the handsome gifts you brought for us. We are pleased to have the samovar and matching tray and the lacquered box as remembrances of the exquisite artistry of your fellow countrymen. With our best wishes to you, Mrs. Shevardnadze, and to your collegues as we approach our meeting in Geneva, 1 Sincerely, RR 8th 37 38 Nov.25 THE WHITE HOUSE November 25, 1985 Dear Mrs. Gorbacheva: I know my husband will be writing to your husband, but I do want to personally thank you for your kind hospitality at dinner and tea in Geneva. Also, I want to express my thanks to you for your lovely gifts of jewelry and the porcelain tea set. They shall be constant reminders of a most memorable visit. I shall look forward to our meeting again next year. Sincerely, Uaucy Reagoo Mrs. Raisa Gorbacheva The Central Committee of The Communist Party Moscow, U.S.S.R. S 39 SYSTEM II 91241 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON D.C. 20506 SECRET December 18, 1985 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT C. MCFARLANE FROM: JACK F. MATLOCK Lockun SUBJECT: Presidential Letter to Gorbachev on Regional Issues A letter from the President to Gorbachev on regional issues is at Tab A. It would follow up, in greater detail and on a more formal basis, some of the suggestions he made in his handwritten letter. Srs PR SR.Q Sestanovich, Ringdahl, Tahir-Kheli and Covey concur. RECOMMENDATION That you sign the Memorandum to the President at Tab I. Approve Disapprove Attachments: Tab I Memorandum to the President Tab A Presidential Letter to Gorbachev Tab B Platt-McFarlane Memo DECLASSIFIED Sec.3.4(b), E.O. 12958, as amended White House Guidelines, Sept. 11, 2006 SECRET Declassify on: OADR BY NARA OH , DATE 2/17/10 SYSTEM II 40 91241 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SECRET ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROBERT C. MCFARLANE SUBJECT: Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev Issue Whether to sign a letter to General Secretary Gorbachev. Facts In your handwritten letter of November 28, you promised Gorbachev a more formal letter with detailed suggestions regarding some of the issues before us. Discussion The letter at Tab A urges steps to move toward a peaceful settlement of conflicts in Afghanistan and Southern Africa and reiterates your concern regarding the Soviet action in supplying SA-5 air defense missiles to Libya. Recommendation OK No That you sign the letter at Tab A. - Attachments: Tab A Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev Prepared by: Jack F. Matlock SECRET Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06- F06-114/1#6605 BY RW NARA DATE 3/3/11 41 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Dear Mr. General Secretary: I have already written to you informally to express some of my thoughts on the issues facing us in the wake of our meeting in Geneva. I would like in this letter to deal with some of the particularly pressing regional issues which I believe we must address in the months ahead. I mentioned Afghanistan in my earlier letter, but I would like to share with you some further thoughts. Afghanistan was, after all, the re- gional question on which we spent the most time in Geneva. You expressed Soviet readiness to see an agreement emerge from the United Nations nego- tiating process which would entail a ceasefire, withdrawal of troops, return of the refugees and international guarantees. The discussion recalled the suggestion in your June 10 letter that my government had "opportunities to confirm by its actions" our readiness to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan. As I explained in my October speech to the UNGA, we are prepared to cooperate with others on practical steps. Three elements could form the basis for a lasting solution: A process of negotiations among the warring parties including the Soviet Union; verified elimination of the foreign military presence and restraint on the flow of outside arms; and movement toward political self- determination and economic reconstruction. As you know, we have been disappointed with the results of the proximity talks conducted by the U.N. Secretary General's Special Representative. Five rounds in Geneva have not addressed the real issue on which a resolution of this problem depends -- withdrawal of your forces. No other element of the problem presents real difficulty. Authority VLSF-99-051 DECLASSIFIED #364 RELEASED SMF, 10/16/80 BY CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 2 To underscore this, we have formally notified the Secretary General that we accept the agreed formulation on guarantees. For your part, I believe that the talks would gain a real impetus from Soviet action to permit discussion of a timetable for withdrawal at Geneva and a public announcement to that effect. Were such action taken by the time of our Ministers' next meeting, it would enable them to have a more focussed and productive discussion. Another area where I believe movement is possible is Southern Africa. Because we have covered this ground often in the past, the point I need to make is a simple one. As I am sure you are aware, I am reviewing our policy in Southern Africa, specifically with respect to the war in Angola. This review might not be necessary if there were real evidence that the outside forces in that country could be reduced, and then withdrawn, making possible the reconciliation of the indigenous parties to the war. Such an outcome, of course, would dramati- cally improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the U.S.S.R. Unfortunately, the evidence is clear that your own involvement in Angola is deepening. As I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. I was pleased to learn from Secretary Shultz that the Soviet Union had expressed an interest in calming tensions between Libya and Egypt. At the same time, it appears that Libya is preparing at least two sites for the emplacement of SA-5 Air Defense Missiles to be supplied by the Soviet Union. It is hard to reconcile Soviet interest in restraint in this region with the provision of advanced weapons to a leader whose reckless behavior is a major danger to regional stability. Because we view this development with utmost 43 3 seriousness, I was disappointed to see that the Soviet response to our presentation failed to address the transfer of these weapons to Libya. Our Ministers and experts should address this vital matter, since it raises the prospect of dangerous incidents that I hope you want to avoid as much as we do. If you agree, both Angola and Libya are additional subjects which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. In closing, let me underline my satisfaction with our agreement in Geneva to put our regional experts' talks on a regular basis. When we met in Geneva we agreed that it was important for both of us to avoid a U.S.- Soviet clash over regional conflicts and to work for solutions. I believe that we must move forward on some of these issues before we meet again. In that regard, I was pleased to note that in your remarks to Secretary Baldrige you referred to the importance of dealing with regional trouble spots. Sincerely, His Excellency Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The Kremlin Moscow 44 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL CROSSRATER ACTION SKEET MISSAGE # 368 DATE TIME: IT IS THI RESPONSIBILITY or TXI COMMENT OFFICER TO CLEAR WITH THE DLP NC SLC FRIDE TO THI ASSIGNED DUI DATE. ACTION OFFICER COMMENT OFFICER INFO PLAYSON Matlock Sestanovich Eingdahl Common Covey ACTION: CONCLE TO DEP EXIC SEC VIA PHONE AND/OR COMMENT HIRE AND HANDCAI TO DEP EXIC SEC DUE DATE: 12/17 ACTION OFFICER CONSENTS: CLEARED BY: DATE: TIME: CLEARED TO: DATE: TIME: 1 CLASSIFICATION DECLASSIFIED White House Buidelines, 28/ 1997 By CAS NARA, Date August 6/12/02 ORIGINAL 45 ECRET 12/12 EUR/SOV/MULTI:EEDELNAN 12/16/85 632-9606 WANG 2139P THE ACTING SECRETARY EUR/SOV:MPARRIS EUR:MPALMER AF/S:JDAVIROE NEA:RPECK P:RARMACOST S/S: NSC:JMATLOCK S/S-O IMMEDIATE MOSCOE NODIS E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR JU EE TAGS: PREL, us, UR MP SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL LETTER TO GENERAL SECRETARY MA - GORBACHEV ON REGIONAL ISSUES S/S 1. is - ENTIRE TEXT} 2. EMBASSY SHOULD DELIVER TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER AT PARA POSSIBLE. 3 TO HIGHEST APPROPRIATE MFA OFFICIAL AS SOON AS 3. BEGIN TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER DEAR MR. GENERAL SECRETARY. I HAVE ALREADY WRITTEN TO YOU INFORMALLY TO EXPRESS SOME OF MY THOUGHTS ON THE ISSUES FACING us IN THE WAKE OF OUR MEETING IN GENEVA. I would LIKE IN THIS LETTER TO DEAL WITH SOME OF THE PARTICULARLY PRESSING REGIONAL ISSUES WHICH I BELIEVE WE MUST ADDRESS IN THE MONTHS AHEAD. I MENTIONED AFGHANISTAN IN MY EARLIER LETTER, BUT I HOULD LIKE TO SHARE WITH YOU SOME FURTHER THOUGHTS. AFGHANISTAN WAS, AFTER ALL, THE REGIONAL QUESTION ON WHICH WE SPENT THE MOST TIME IN geneva. YOU EXPRESSED - DECLASSIFIED SECRET BY CVS Authority NL5F99-051 #364 smp 10/16/00 NARA, Date 6/12/02 46 SECRET SOVIET READINESS TO SEE AK AGREEMENT EMERGE FROM THE UNITED NATIONS NEGOTIATING PROCESS WHICH MOULD ENTAIL A CEASEFIRE, WITHDRAWAL OF TROOPS, RETURN OF THE REFUGEES AND INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES. THE DISCUSSION RECALLED THE SUGGESTION IN YOUR JUNE 10 LETTER THAT MY GOVERNMENT MAD "OPPORTUNITIES TO CONFIRM BY ITS ACTIONS" OUR READINESS TO REACH A POLITICAL SETTLEMENT IN AFGHANISTAN. AS I EXPLAINED IN MY OCTOBER SPEECH TO THE UNGA, WC ARE PREPARED TO COOPERATE WITH OTHERS OK PRACTICAL STEPS. THREE ELEMENTS COULD FORM THE BASIS FOR 1 LASTING SOLUTION: A PROCESS OF NEGOTIATIONS ARONG THE WARRING PARTIES INCLUDING THE SOVIET UNIONA VERIFIED ELIMINATION OF THE FOREIGN MILITARY PRESENCE AND RESTRAINT OK THE FLOE OF OUTSIDE ARMS AND ROVEMENT TOWARD RECONSTRUCTION. POLITICAL SELF-DETERKINATION AND ECONOMIC AS YOU KNOW, WE HAVE BEEK DISAPPOINTED WITH THE RESULTS OF THE PROXIMITY TALKS CONDUCTED BY THE U.N. SECRETARY GENERAL'S SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE. FIVE ROUNDS IN GENEVA HAVE NOT ADDRESSED THE REAL ISSUE ON WHICH A RESOLUTION OF THIS PROBLEM DEPENDS -- WITHDRAWAL OF YOUR FORCES. NO OTHER ELEMENT OF THE PROBLEM PRESENTS REAL BIFFICULTY. TO UNDERSCORE THIS, WE HAVE FORMALLY NOTIFIED THE SECRETARY GENERAL THAT WE ACCEPT THE AGREED FORMULATION ON GUARANTEES. FOR YOUR PART, I BELIEVE THAT THE TALKS WOULD GAIN A REAL IMPETUS FROM SOVIET ACTION TO PERMIT DISCUSSION OF A TIMETABLE FOR WITHDRAWAL AT GENEVA AND A PUBLIC ANNOUCEMENT TO THAT EFFECT. WERE SUCH ACTION TAKEN BY THE TIME OF OUR MINISTERS' NEXT MEETING, IT WOULD DISCUSSION. ENABLE THEM TO HAVE A MORE FOCUSSED AND PRODUCTIVE ANOTHER AREA WHERE I BELIEVE MOVEMENT IS POSSIBLE IS SOUTHERN AFRICA. BECAUSE WE HAVE COVERED THIS GROUND ONE. OFTEN IN THE PAST, THE POINT I NEED TO MAKE IS A SIMPLE AS I AM SURE YOU ARE AWARE, I AM REVIEWING OUR POLICY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA, SPECIFICALLY WITH RESPECT TO THE WAR IN ANGOLA. THIS REVIEW MIGHT NOT BE NECESSASRY IF THERE WERE REAL EVIDENCE THAT THE OUTSIDE FORCES IN THAT COUNTRY COULD BE REDUCED, AND THEN WITHDRAWN, MAKING POSSIBLE THE RECONCILIATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PARTIES TO THE WAR. SUCH AN OUTCOME, OF COURSE, WOULD DRAMATICALLY IMPROVE PROSPECTS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT NAMIBIA IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNSC RESOLUTION 435 -- AN OBJECTIVE WE SHARE WITH THE U.S.S.R. UNFORTUNATELY, THE EVIDENCE IS CLEAR THAT YOUR OWN INVOLVEMENT IN ANGOLA IS SECRET 47 SECRET I 3 DEEPENING. AS I SAID AT THE UK IN OCTOBER, OUR AIM IS TO REDUCE, NOT INCREASE. MILITARY INVOLVEMENT BY THE SUPERPOWERS IN LOCAL DISPUTES LIKE THAT IN ANGOLA. I WAS PLEASED TO LEARN FROM SECRETARY SHULTZ THAT THE SOVIET UNION HAD EXPRESSE) AN INTEREST IN CALMING TENSIONS BETWEEN LIBYA AND EGYPT. AT THE SAME TIME, IT APPEARS THAT LIBYA IS PREPARING AT LEAST TWO SITES FOR THE EMPLACEMENT OF SA-5 AIR DEFENSE MISSILES TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE SOVIET UNION. IT IS HARD TO RECONCILE SOVIET INTEREST IN RESTRAINT IN THIS REGION WITH THE PROVISION OF ADVANCED WEAPONS TO A LEADER WHOSE RECKLESS BEHAVIOR IS A MAJOR DANGER TO REGIONAL STABILITY. BECAUSE WE VIEW THIS DEVELOPMENT WITH UTMOST SERIOUSNESS, I WAS BISAPPOINTED TO SEE THAT THE SOVIET RESPONSE TO OUR PRESENTATION FAILED TO ADDRESS THE TRANSFER OF THESE WEAPONS TO LIBYA. OUR MINISTERS AND EXPERTS SHOULD ADDRESS THIS VITAL MATTER, SINCE IT RAISES THE PROSPECT OF BANGEROUS INCIDENTS THAT I HOPE YOU WANT TO AVOID AS MUCH AS WE DO. IF YOU AGREE, BOTH ANGOLA AND LIBYA ARE ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS WHICH SECRETARY SHULTZ AND FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE MIGHT TAKE UP IN THEIR NEXT MEETING. IN CLOSING, LET ME UNDERLINE MY SATISFACTION WITH OUR AGREEMENT IN GENEVA TO PUT OUR REGIONAL EXPERTS' TALKS ON A REGULAR BASIS. WHEN WE MET IN GENEVA WE AGREED THAT IT WAS IMPORTANT FOR BOTH OF us TO AVOID A U.S. - SOVIET CLASH OVER REGIONAL CONFLICTS and TO WORK FOR SOLUTIONS. I BELIEVE THAT WE MUST MOVE FORMARD ON SOME OF THESE ISSUES BEFORE WE MEET AGAIN. IN THAT REGARD, I HAS PLEASED TO NOTE THAT IN YOUR REMARKS TO SECRETARY BALBRIGE YOU REFERRED TO THE IMPORTANCE OF DEALING WITH REGIONAL TROUBLE SPOTS. ---SINCERELY, RONALD REAGAN END TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER 4. A SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL FOLLOW. YY 48 SYSTEM II PROFILE SENSITIVE ID 8591241 RECEIVED 05 DEC 85 14 TO PRESIDENT FROM SHULTZ, G DOCDATE 04 DEC 85 DECLASSIFIED By White AS House Guidelines, August 28. 1997 NARA, Date 6/12/02 KEYWORDS: USSR AFGHANISTAN GORBACHEV, MIKHAIL S HS SUBJECT: PRES FOLLOW UP LTR TO GORBACHEV RE DISCUSSIONS AT GENEVA SUMMIT ACTION: PREPARE MEMO FOR PRES DUE: 06 DEC 85 STATUS S FILES SII FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO SESTANOVICH TAHIR-KHELI COVEY Matlock MATLOCK Runsdule SESTAMOVIEH URGENT COMMENTS REF# LOG 8591243 NSCIFID (B/ ) ACTION OFFICER (S) ASSIGNED ACTION REQUIRED DUE COPIES TO Sestinovich S 12/13 ricd state draft the whom Some MAtlock X 12/17 Prepare memd to Pres PR, SE - DISPATCH W/ATTCH FILE (C) ES SENSITIVE 8536708 49 United States Department of State SYSTEM II Washington, D.C. 20520 91241 dd- December 13, 1985 SECRET / SENSITIVE MEMORANDUM FOR MR. ROBERT C. MCFARLANE THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Draft Letter for General Secretary Gorbachev We are providing a revised text of a draft Presidential letter to General Secretary Gorbachev on regional issues. This draft urges forward movement on Afghanistan and southern Africa and reiterates U.S. concern over Soviet supply of SA-5 air defense missiles to Libya. Micholes Plan Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06714/1+6623 BY as NARA DATE 11/27/07 SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR so SECRET SENSITIVE Dear Mr. General Secretary, I have already written to you informally to express some of my thoughts on the issues facing us in the wake of our meeting in Geneva. I would like in this letter to deal with some of the particularly pressing regional issues which I believe we must address in the months ahead. I mentioned Afghanistan in my earlier letter, but I would like to share with you some further thoughts. Afghanistan was, after all, the regional question on which we spent the most time in Geneva. I was struck by your businesslike exposition of Soviet readiness to see an agreement emerge from the United Nations negotiating process which would entail a ceasefire, withdrawal of troops, return of the refugees and international guarantees. The discussion recalled the suggestion in your June 10 letter that my government had "opportunities to confirm by its actions" our readiness to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan. As I explained in my October speech to the UNGA, we are prepared to take practical steps. Three elements could form the basis for a lasting solution: a process of negotiations among the warring parties including the Soviet Union; verified elimination of the foreign military presence and restraint on the flow of outside arms; and movement toward political self-determination and economic reconstruction. As an initial contribution to this process, in advance of the next round of the proximity talks in Geneva, we have formally notified the United Nations that we accept the agreed formulation on guarantees. I hope that this will give an impetus to the efforts of the UN Secretary General's Special Representative. For real progress to be made it is important that the sixth round of talks in Geneva get down to the central issue of troop withdrawals. In any event, I believe Afghanistan deserves more in-depth treatment at the next meeting between our ministers. Another area where I believe movement is possible is southern Africa. Again, I do not intend to go over ground that we have covered often in the past. The point I want to make is a simple one. SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR 51 SECRET SENSITIVE - 2 - As I am sure you are aware, I currently face a difficult decision on our policy in southern Africa, specifically with respect to the civil war in Angola. I would not face this decision if there were some evidence that it would be possible to bring about a reduction in the outside forces in that country which would make possible the reconciliation of the parties involved. Such an outcome, of course, would dramatically improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the U.S.S.R. As I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. I was pleased to learn from Secretary Shultz that the Soviet Union had expressed an interest in calming tensions between Libya and Egypt. At the same time, it appears that Libya is preparing at least two sites for the emplacement of SA-5, air defense missiles to be supplied by the Soviet Union. It is hard to reconcile Soviet interest in restraint in this region with the provision of advanced weapons to a leader whose reckless behavior is a major danger to regional stability. We view this development with utmost seriousness. I hope that our ministers and experts will address this subject and eliminate any prospect of an incident between us. If you agree, both Angola and Libya are additional subjects which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. In closing, let me underline my satisfaction with our agreement in Geneva to put our regional experts' talks on a regular basis. When we met in Geneva we agreed that it was important for both of us to avoid a U.S. - Soviet clash over regional conflicts and to work for solutions. I believe that we must move forward on some of these issues before we meet again. In that regard, I was pleased to note that in your remarks to Mac Baldrige you referred to the importance of dealing with regional trouble spots. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan 52 The Will hous: System ( Package ( SEQUENCE TO HAS SEE: to 0 Person Biu - W I dismond This with Ja Jo/ night. First litter is a lita OPT Accident's hand written note) and Pa The wrong Thrust on Afghauster. we W do need 6 start, novever, on a Bu unger who , hat pride ,m follow.up W points in President arruised in MS his, ine second like 1> nine urgen Si since 2 gather There is some lesire - to have carry it ant [ on his drip. a Suggest we give to Steve S. tn action with condination / unum to Ty Cobb. my sumed calle deaft to tack is Europe to get in views Need do process bg mid-lay Tourrow. Dan DECLASSIFIED/LE/0430) /RE/0450) NLRR Fob-114/, H 6606 BY Cir NARA DATE 11/27/07 SYSTEM II 91241 53 THE SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON SECRET SENSITIVE MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: George P. Shultz rs SUBJECT: Letters to Gorbachev We need to take advantage of the momentum generated by your meeting with Gorbachev to move ahead in a number of fields of interest to us. The most significant: -- In the Geneva talks, we want to prod the Soviets toward a more constructive dialogue on the offense/defense relationship; -- On regional issues, we should pursue Gorbachev's suggestion of greater seriousness on an Afghanistan settlement and use our review of aid to UNITA to engage the Soviets in a more serious discussion of Southern Africa; -- On human rights, you indicated you wanted to follow up on your exchange with Gorbachev in Geneva to emphasize the possibilities which would open up in areas of interest to the Soviets if we saw progress. I have attached for your approval two draft letters to Gorbachev on these issues. The first deals with the Geneva talks and regional questions, and proposes that Shevardnadze and I take up these and other issues at a meeting here in January. The second addresses human rights, and could be delivered by Mac Baldrige during his visit to Moscow next week. Using Mac as a channel would reinforce our message on the inherent links between human rights and other areas of the relationship. As the first letter refers in passing to Mac's mission, it should be sent this week. Attachments: As indicated SECRET/ SENSITIVE DECL: OADR Authority NISF99051#367 DECLASSIFIED CAS 7/25/00 BY CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 SYSTEM : : 91241 54 SECRET/SENSITIVE Dear Mr. General Secretary, I have been heartened since returning from Geneva by the enthusiasm and hope with which reports of our recent meeting have been greeted around the world. This reaction by men and women everywhere confirms our joint assessment in Geneva of the utility of our meeting, and the responsi- bility we both share to ensure that that enthusiasm, and those hopes, are not in vain. I do not intend in this letter to get into an exnaustive review of where our relationship stands after our meeting, or of where it may go. There are certain issues, however, which I do feel merit particular attention in the weeks ahead. I would like to share with you some thoughts on how we may approach them. On substance, if our discussions in Geneva revealed anything, they revealed the extent of our differences on some of the core issues in the Geneva arms control talks and of the depth of our convictions on these issues. I took to heart the concerns you expressed so eloquently; I hope that you came to appreciate better my own concern that we not make the nuclear arms reductions we both consider overdue hostage to fears I am convinced are ungrounded. This is not the place to go over once again the terrain we covered in Geneva. I wish only to say that our discussion convinced me that some of our positions, divergent at present to be sure, are not mutually exclusive. I am instructing my experts to explore how we can bridge the gap in the Geneva talks in the months ahead; I trust you are giving similar instructions. It is my hope that, with a joint effort in this regard, the sides will in fact be able to build common elements on which to realize concrete progress before we meet again next year. Surely the Soviet Union cannot be opposed to strategic defense in principle. There must be a practical way to approach the relationship of offense and defense. Our negotiators in Geneva will of course be prepared to follow up on these possibilities when they return in January. I think Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR 714/1 +6609 BY City NARA DATE 11/27/07 54 SECRET SENSITIVE - 3 - that it would be possible to bring about a reduction in the outside forces in that country which would make possible the reconciliation of the parties involved. Such an outcome, of course, would dramatically improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the USSR. AS I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. If you agree, this is another issue which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. Finally, I wanted to reiterate how much I valued the candor and detail of our discussion on human rights issues. I hope you left that conversation with a better understanding of how I want to deal with what -- for us -- is a key determinant of our relationship. Secretary of Commerce Baldrige will be in Moscow December 9 - 11 for a meeting of the U.S. - Soviet Trade and Economic Council. He will be carrying a letter from me which builds on our discussion in Geneva, and which I hope you will carefully consider. In closing, let me reiterate how much I appreciated the opportunity to establish a personal relationship with you in Geneva. I am confident that that tie will be invaluable in the months ahead as we seek to consolidate and expand the start we made there in putting our relations on a more satisfactory basis. You will have received separately an invitation to visit Washington in late June of next year. I hope that you will find the timing convenient, and look forward to what I am confident you will find a productive and informative visit. From the standpoint of procedure, I think it is important that we do not allow the momentum which we established in Geneva to wane. We will be able in this channel and through our embassies to follow-up on the agreements reached in the past few weeks and to flesh out some of the new ideas which emerged from our meeting. I believe it would be useful, nonetheless, for Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze to meet periodically to review progress and identify areas where work is necessary in advance of our next meeting. We would be delighted if Mr. Shevardnadze could come to the United States for this purpose in late January of next year. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan behad 57 Dec 80 58 SYSTEM II PROFILE SECRET/SENSITIVE ID 8591241 RECEIVED 05 DEC 85 14 TO PRESIDENT FROM SHULTZ, G DOCDATE 04 DEC 85 DECLASSIFIED By White CAS House Guidelines, August 28, 1997 NARA, Date 6/12/02 File GORBACHEV, lence uc KEYWORDS: USSR AFGHANISTAN MIKHAIL S HS SUBJECT: PRES FOLLOW UP LTR TO GORBACHEV RE DISCUSSIONS SUMMIT The counds ofts ACTION: PREPARE MEMO FOR PRES DUE: 06 DEC 85 STATUS S FILES SII FOR ACTION FOR CONCURRENCE FOR INFO SESTANOVICH TAHIR-KHELI COVEY MATLOCK COMMENTS JRGENT REF# LOG 8591243 NSCIFID (B/ ) ACTION OFFICER (S) ASSIGNED ACTION REQUIRED DUE COPIES TO DISPATCH W/ATTCH FILE (C) 59 National Coundi The White House System # II 91241 Package # SEQUENCE TO HAS seen DISPOSITION Bo Pearson Biu - I discussed This with JMP Last W night. First letter is a little OBE (given Joi President's hand written note) and nos Pa The wrong Thrust on Afghauster. we W do need TO start, nowever, on a Bu unger user , hat provide ,m follow-up W points The President promised in NS his. ine second letter 1> nine urgent Si since 2 gather There is some lesire - to have Bacdridge carry it int I on his trip. a Suggest we give to Steve S. tn action with cordination cable / unum deaft to tack is Eumpe to set wis to Ty Cobb. my sumed views Need to process bg mid-lay Tourrow. Dan DECLASSIFIED /RE/EASO NLRR F06 714/, #6610 BY as NARA DATE 11/27/07 SYSTEM II 3 91241 THE SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON SECRET/SENSITIVE MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: George P. Shultz rrs SUBJECT: Letters to Gorbachev We need to take advantage of the momentum generated by your meeting with Gorbachev to move ahead in a number of fields of interest to us. The most significant: -- In the Geneva talks, we want to prod the Soviets toward a more constructive dialogue on the offense/defense relationship; -- On regional issues, we should pursue Gorbachev's suggestion of greater seriousness on an Afghanistan settlement and use our review of aid to UNITA to engage the Soviets in a more serious discussion of Southern Africa; -- On human rights, you indicated you wanted to follow up on your exchange with Gorbachev in Geneva to emphasize the possibilities which would open up in areas of interest to the Soviets if we saw progress. I have attached for your approval two draft letters to Gorbachev on these issues. The first deals with the Geneva talks and regional questions, and proposes that Shevardnadze and I take up these and other issues at a meeting here in January. The second addresses human rights, and could be delivered by Mac Baldrige during his visit to Moscow next week. Using Mac as a channel would reinforce our message on the inherent links between human rights and other areas of the relationship. As the first letter refers in passing to Mac's mission, it should be sent this week. Attachments: As indicated DECL: OADR DECI ASSIFIED BY Authority NLSF99-05 CAS #367 GS 7/25/00 NARA, Date 6/12/02 SYSTEM II 91241 61 SECRET SENSITIVE Dear Mr. General Secretary, I have been heartened since returning from Geneva by the enthusiasm and hope with which reports of our recent meeting have been greeted around the world. This reaction by men and women everywhere confirms our joint assessment in Geneva of the utility of our meeting, and the responsi- bility we both share to ensure that that enthusiasm, and those hopes, are not in vain. I do not intend in this letter to get into an exhaustive review of where our relationship stands after our meeting, or of where it may go. There are certain issues, however, which I do feel merit particular attention in the weeks ahead. I would like to share with you some thoughts on how we may approach them. On substance, if our discussions in Geneva revealed anything, they revealed the extent of our differences on some of the core issues in the Geneva arms control talks and of the depth of our convictions on these issues. I took to heart the concerns you expressed so eloquently; I hope that you came to appreciate better my own concern that we not make the nuclear arms reductions we both consider overdue hostage to fears I am convinced are ungrounded. This is not the place to go over once again the terrain we covered in Geneva. I wish only to say that our discussion convinced me that some of our positions, divergent at present to be sure, are not mutually exclusive. I am instructing my experts to explore how we can bridge the gap in the Geneva talks in the months ahead; I trust you are giving similar instructions. It is my hope that, with a joint effort in this regard, the sides will in fact be able to build common elements on which to realize concrete progress before we meet again next year. Surely the Soviet Union cannot be opposed to strategic defense in principle. There must be a practical way to approach the relationship of offense and defense. Our negotiators in Geneva will of course be prepared to follow up on these possibilities when they return in January. I think Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06 114/1 #6611 BY Cis NARA DATE 11/27/07 62 SECRET/SENSITIVE - 2 - should also be prepared to address these issues further when they meet. In addition to the Geneva talks, I would hope that we can register some forward motion on some of the regional issues we discussed in Geneva before we meet again. The regional question on which we spent the most time in Geneva, of course, was Afghanistan. I was struck by your businesslike exposition of Soviet readiness to see an agreement emerge from the United Nations negotiating process which would entail a ceasefire, withdrawal of troops, return of the refugees and international guarantees. The discussion recalled the suggestion in your June 10 letter that my government had "opportunities to confirm by its actions" our readiness to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan. As I explained in my October speech to the UNGA, we are prepared to take practical steps, including the three elements I mentioned: a dialogue among the warring parties; cessation of outside military presence and supplies; and economic reconstruction. I believe that our two countries might in the first instance seek agreement on the question of guarantees and a timetable for withdrawal. As an initial contribution to this process, in advance of the next round of the proximity talks in Geneva, we will formally notify the United Nations that we accept their formulation on guarantees. Perhaps the U.S. and the USSR also could work out together an explicit statement that we are prepared to guarantee an appropriate settlement, including a reasonable timetable for the withdrawal of your forces. This could give an impetus to the efforts of the UN Secretary General's Special Representative. If you agree, we might seek to develop such a statement by the time Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze next meet so as to enable them to have a more focussed and productive discussion on Afghanistan. Another area where I believe movement is possible is southern Africa. Again, I do not intend to go over ground that we have covered often in the past. The point I want to make is a simple one. As I am sure you are aware, I currently face a difficult decision on our policy in southern Africa, specifically with respect to the civil war in Angola. I would not face this decision if there were some evidence SECRET/SENSITIVE SECRET SENSITIVE - 3 - that it would be possible to bring about a reduction in the outside forces in that country which would make possible the reconciliation of the parties involved. Such an outcome, of course, would dramatically improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the USSR. As I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. If you agree, this is another issue which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. Finally, I wanted to reiterate how much I valued the candor and detail of our discussion on human rights issues. I hope you left that conversation with a better understanding of how I want to deal with what -- for us -- is a key determinant of our relationship. Secretary of Commerce Baldrige will be in Moscow December 9 - 11 for a meeting of the U.S. - Soviet Trade and Economic Council. He will be carrying a letter from me which builds on our discussion in Geneva, and which I hope you will carefully consider. In closing, let me reiterate how much I appreciated the opportunity to establish a personal relationship with you in Geneva. I am confident that that tie will be invaluable in the months ahead as we seek to consolidate and expand the start we made there in putting our relations on a more satisfactory basis. You will have received separately an invitation to visit Washington in late June of next year. I hope that you will find the timing convenient, and look forward to what I am confident you will find a productive and informative visit. From the standpoint of procedure, I think it is important that we do not allow the momentum which we established in Geneva to wane. We will be able in this channel and through our embassies to follow-up on the agreements reached in the past few weeks and to flesh out some of the new ideas which emerged from our meeting. I believe it would be useful, nonetheless, for Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze to meet periodically to review progress and identify areas where work is necessary in advance of our next meeting. We would be delighted if Mr. Shevardnadze could come to the United States for this purpose in late January of next year. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL 64 ID 8591241 REFERRAL DATE: 26 DEC 85 MEMORANDUM FOR: STATE SECRETARIAT DEPARTMENT OF STATE DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: TO: GORBACHEV, MIKHAIL S SOURCE: PRESIDENT DATE: 26 DEC 85 KEYWORDS: USSR AFGHANISTAN GORBACHEV, MIKHAIL S HS SUBJ: PRES LTR TO GORBACHEV REQUIRED ACTION: FOR DISPATCH DUEDATE: COMMENTS: Julie K.Madison FOR WILLIAM F. MARTIN EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FOR NSC USE ONLY FOR INFO F SII OBC Dec. Dr.26.856 26 856 backgourd SECRET The President has seen 12/24 SYSTEM II 91241 Roceived US THE WHITE HOUSE 66 1095 DEC 23 FII S 31 WASHINGTON SECRET December 23, 1985 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: ROBERT C. MCFARLANE mb SUBJECT: Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev Issue Whether to sign a letter to General Secretary Gorbachev. Facts In your handwritten letter of November 28, you promised Gorbachev a more formal letter with detailed suggestions regarding some of the issues before us. t Discussion The letter at Tab A urges steps to move toward a peaceful settlement of conflicts in Afghanistan and Southern Africa and reiterates your concern regarding the Soviet action in supplying SA-5 air defense missiles to Libya. Recommendation OK No A That you sign the letter at Tab A. - Attachments: Tab A Letter to General Secretary Gorbachev Prepared by: Jack F. Matlock SECRET CC Vice President Declassify on: OADR DECLASSIFIED SECRET NLRR F06-114/1+6613 BY RW NARA DATE 3/3/11 SYSTEM II ig 91241 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 SECRET December 18, 1985 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT C. MCFARLANE FROM: JACK F. MATLOCK SUBJECT: Presidential Letter to Gorbachev on Regional Issues A letter from the President to Gorbachev on regional issues is at Tab A. It would follow up, in greater detail and on a more formal basis, some of the suggestions he made in his handwritten letter. Sestanovich, SRS Ringdahl, Tahir-Kheli and Covey concur. PR SP.Q RECOMMENDATION That you sign the Memorandum to the President at Tab I. Approve 4 Disapprove Attachments: Tab I Memorandum to the President Tab A Presidential Letter to Gorbachev Tab B Platt-McFarlane Memo DECLASSIFIED SECRET Sec.3.4(b), E.O. 12958, as amended Declassify on: OADR BY NARA Gl. DATE 2/17/10 White House Guidelines, Sept. 11, 2006 68 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL CROSSRATCH ACTION SKIET MISSAGE o 3681 DATE TIME: IT 13 TXI RESPONSIBILITY or THI COMMENT OFFICER TO CLEAR VITE THE DLP NIC SLC PRIOR TO THI ASSIGNED DUE DATE. ACTION OFFICER COMMENT OFFICER INFO PLAPSON Matlock Sestanovich Eingdahl Comm Covey ACTION: CONCLE TO DEP EXIC SEC VIA PHONE AND/OR COMMENT HERE AND HANDCAR TO DEP EXEC SEC DUE DATE: 12/17 ACTION OFFICER CONSENTS: CLEARED BY: DATE: TIME: CLEARED TO: DATE: TIME: CASSACHUSETTS DECLASSIFIED White House Guidelines, August 28/1997 By CAS NARA, Date 6/12/02 ORIGINAL SECRET D 12/16 69 3 EUR/SOV/MULTI:EEDELMAN 12/16/85 632-9806 WANG 2139P THE ACTING SECRETARY EUR/SOV:MPARRIS AF/S:JBAVIDOM EUR: MPALMER P:MARMACOST NEA:RPECK S/S: NSC:JMATLOCK 5/5-0 IMMEDIATE MOSCOW NODIS E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR JU EE TAGS: PREL, us, UR MP J SUBJECT: - PRESIDENTIAL LETTER TO GENERAL SECRETARY MA GORBACHEV ON REGIONAL ISSUES S/S 1. (S - ENTIRE TEXT} 2. EMBASSY SHOULD DELIVER TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER AT PARA POSSIBLE. 3 TO HIGHEST APPROPRIATE MFA OFFICIAL AS SOON AS 3. BEGIN TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER DEAR MR. GENERAL SECRETARY. I HAVE ALREADY WRITTEN TO YOU INFORMALLY TO EXPRESS SOME OF MY THOUGHTS ON THE ISSUES FACING us IN THE WAKE OF OUR MEETING IN geneva. I WOULD LIKE IN THIS LETTER TO DEAL WITH SOME OF THE PARTICULARLY PRESSING REGIONAL ISSUES WHICH I BELIEVE WE MUST ADDRESS IN THE MONTHS AHEAD. I MENTIONED AFGHANISTAN IN MY EARLIER LETTER, BUT I HOULD LIKE TO SHARE WITH YOU SOME FURTHER THOUGHTS. AFGHANISTAN WAS, AFTER ALL, THE REGIONAL QUESTION ON WHICH WE SPENT THE MOST TIME IN GENEVA. YOU EXPRESSED SECRET - Authority McF99-051 DECL ASSIFIED #364 Smf 18/16/08 CAS NARA, Date 10/12/02 BY SECRET 2 SOVIET READINESS TO SEE AN AGREEMENT EMERGE FROM THE UNITED NATIONS NEGOTIATING PROCESS WHICH WOULD ENTAIL A CEASEFIRE, WITHDRAWAL OF TROOPS, RETURN OF THE REFUGEES AND INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES. THE DISCUSSION RECALLED THE SUGGESTION IN YOUR JUNE 10 LETTER THAT MY GOVERNMENT MAD "OPPORTUNITIES TO CONFIRM BY ITS ACTIONS" OUR READINESS TO REACH A POLITICAL SETTLEMENT IN AFGHANISTAN. AS I EXPLAINED IN MY OCTOBER SPEECH TO THE UNGA, WE ARE PREPARED TO COOPERATE WITH OTHERS ON PRACTICAL STEPS. THREE ELEMENTS COULD FORM THE BASIS FOR A LASTING SOLUTION: A PROCESS OF NEGOTIATIONS AMONG THE WARRING PARTIES INCLUDING THE SOVIET UNION: VERIFIED ELIMINATION OF THE FOREIGN MILITARY PRESENCE AND RESTRAINT ON THE FLOW OF OUTSIDE ARMS: AND MOVEMENT TOMARD RECONSTRUCTION. POLITICAL SELF-DETERMINATION and ECONOMIC AS YOU KNOW, WE HAVE BEEN DISAPPOINTED WITH THE RESULTS OF THE PROXIMITY TALKS CONDUCTED BY THE U.N. SECRETARY GENERAL'S SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE. FIVE ROUNDS IN GENEVA HAVE NOT ADDRESSED THE REAL ISSUE ON WHICH A RESOLUTION OF THIS PROBLEM DEPENDS -- WITHDRAWAL OF YOUR FORCES. NO OTHER ELEMENT OF THE PROBLEM PRESENTS REAL DIFFICULTY. TO UNDERSCORE THIS, WE HAVE FORMALLY NOTIFIED THE SECRETARY GENERAL THAT WE ACCEPT THE AGREED FORMULATION ON GUARANTEES. FOR YOUR PART, I BELIEVE THAT THE TALKS WOULD GAIN A REAL IMPETUS FROM SOVIET ACTION TO PERMIT DISCUSSION OF A TIMETABLE FOR WITHDRAWAL AT GENEVA AND A PUBLIC ANNOUCEMENT TO THAT EFFECT. WERE SUCH ACTION TAKEN BY THE TIME OF OUR MINISTERS' NEXT MEETING, IT WOULD DISCUSSION. ENABLE THEM TO HAVE A MORE FOCUSSED AND PRODUCTIVE ANOTHER AREA WHERE I BELIEVE MOVEMENT IS POSSIBLE IS SOUTHERN AFRICA. BECAUSE WE HAVE COVERED THIS GROUND ONE. OFTEN IN THE PAST, THE POINT I NEED TO MAKE IS A SIMPLE AS I AM SURE YOU ARE AWARE, I AM REVIEWING OUR POLICY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA, SPECIFICALLY WITH RESPECT TO THE WAR IN ANGOLA. THIS REVIEW MIGHT NOT BE NECESSASRY IF THERE WERE REAL EVIDENCE THAT THE OUTSIDE FORCES IN THAT COUNTRY COULD BE REDUCED, AND THEN WITHDRAWN, MAKING POSSIBLE THE RECONCILIATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PARTIES TO THE WAR. SUCH AN OUTCOME, OF COURSE, WOULD DRAMATICALLY IMPROVE PROSPECTS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT NAMIBIA IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNSC RESOLUTION 435 -- AN OBJECTIVE WE SHARE WITH THE U.S.S.R. UNFORTUNATELY, THE EVIDENCE IS CLEAR THAT YOUR OWN INVOLVEMENT IN ANGOLA IS SECRET - 71 SECRET 3 DEEPENING. AS I SAID AT THE UN IN OCTOBER, OUR AIM IS TO REDUCE, NOT INCREASE, MILITARY INVOLVEMENT BY THE SUPERPOWERS IN LOCAL DISPUTES LIKE THAT IN ANGOLA. I WAS PLEASED TO LEARN FROM SECRETARY SHULTZ THAT THE SOVIET UNION HAD EXPRESSED an INTEREST IN CALMING TENSIONS BETWEEN LIBYA AND EGYPT. AT THE SAME TIME, IT APPEARS THAT LIBYA IS PREPARING AT LEAST TWO SITES FOR THE EMPLACEMENT OF SA-5 AIR DEFENSE MISSILES TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE SOVIET UNION. IT IS HARD TO RECONCILE SOVIET INTEREST IN RESTRAINT IN THIS REGION WITH THE PROVISION OF ADVANCED WEAPONS TO A LEADER WHOSE RECKLESS BEHAVIOR IS A MAJOR DANGER TO REGIONAL STABILITY. BECAUSE VE VIEW THIS DEVELOPMENT WITH UTMOST SERIOUSNESS, I WAS DISAPPOINTED TO SEE THAT THE SOVIET RESPONSE TO OUR PRESENTATION FAILED TO ADDRESS THE TRANSFER OF THESE WEAPONS TO LIBYA. OUR MINISTERS AND EXPERTS SHOULD ADDRESS THIS VITAL MATTER, SINCE IT RAISES THE PROSPECT OF DANGEROUS INCIDENTS THAT I HOPE YOU WANT TO AVOID AS MUCH AS WE DO. IF YOU AGREE, BOTH ANGOLA AND LIBYA ARE ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS WHICH SECRETARY SHULTZ AND FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE MIGHT TAKE UP IN THEIR NEXT MEETING. IN CLOSING, LET ME UNDERLINE MY SATISFACTION WITH OUR AGREEMENT IN GENEVA TO PUT OUR REGIONAL EXPERTS' TALKS ON A REGULAR BASIS. WHEN WE MET IN geneva WE AGREED THAT IT WAS IMPORTANT FOR BOTH OF us TO AVOID A U.S. - SOVIET CLASH OVER REGIONAL CONFLICTS AND TO WORK FOR SOLUTIONS. I BELIEVE THAT WE MUST MOVE FORWARD ON SOME OF THESE ISSUES BEFORE WE MEET AGAIN. IN THAT REGARD, I YAS PLEASED TO NOTE THAT IN YOUR REMARKS TO SECRETARY BALDRIGE YOU REFERRED TO THE IMPORTANCE OF DEALING WITH REGIONAL TROUBLE SPOTS. ---SINCERELY, RONALD REAGAN END TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER 4. A SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL FOLLOW. YY ES SENSITIVE 8536708 72 United States Department of State SYSTEM II Washington, D.C. 20520 91241 dd- December 13, 1985 F13:12 SECRET SENSITIVE MEMORANDUM FOR MR. ROBERT C. MCFARLANE THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Draft Letter for General Secretary Gorbachev We are providing a revised text of a draft Presidential letter to General Secretary Gorbachev on regional issues. This draft urges forward movement on Afghanistan and southern Africa and reiterates U.S. concern over Soviet supply of SA-5 air defense missiles to Libya. Micholes Plan Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/1*4475 SECRET/SENSITIVE BY Cis NARA DATE 11/27/07 DECL: OADR 73 SECRET/SENSITIVE Dear Mr. General Secretary, I have already written to you informally to express some of my thoughts on the issues facing us in the wake of our meeting in Geneva. I would like in this letter to deal with some of the particularly pressing regional issues which I believe we must address in the months ahead. I mentioned Afghanistan in my earlier letter, but I would like to share with you some further thoughts. Afghanistan was, after all, the regional question on which we spent the most time in Geneva. I was struck by your businesslike exposition of Soviet readiness to see an agreement emerge from the United Nations negotiating process which would entail a ceasefire, withdrawal of troops, return of the refugees and international guarantees. The discussion recalled the suggestion in your June 10 letter that my government had "opportunities to confirm by its actions" our readiness to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan. As I explained in my October speech to the UNGA, we are prepared to take practical steps. Three elements could form the basis for a lasting solution: a process of negotiations among the warring parties including the Soviet Union; verified elimination of the foreign military presence and restraint on the flow of outside arms; and movement toward political self-determination and economic reconstruction. As an initial contribution to this process, in advance of the next round of the proximity talks in Geneva, we have formally notified the United Nations that we accept changer the agreed formulation on guarantees. I hope that this will give an impetus to the efforts of the UN Secretary General's Special Representative. For real progress to be made it is important that the sixth round of talks in Geneva get down to the central issue of troop withdrawals. In any event, I believe Afghanistan deserves more in-depth treatment at the next meeting between our ministers. Another area where I believe movement is possible is southern Africa. Again, I do not intend to go over ground that we have covered often in the past. The point I want to make is a simple one. SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR 74 SECRET/SENSITIVE - 2 - As I am sure you are aware, I currently face a difficult decision on our policy in southern Africa, specifically with respect to the civil war in Angola. I would not face this decision if there were some evidence that it would be possible to bring about a reduction in the outside forces in that country which would make possible the reconciliation of the parties involved. Such an outcome, of course, would dramatically improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the U.S.S.R. As I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. I was pleased to learn from Secretary Shultz that the Soviet Union had expressed an interest in calming tensions between Libya and Egypt. At the same time, it appears that Libya is preparing at least two sites for the emplacement of SA-5, air defense missiles to be supplied by the Soviet Union. It is hard to reconcile Soviet interest in restraint in this region with the provision of advanced weapons to a leader whose reckless behavior is a major danger to regional stability. We view this development with utmost seriousness. I hope that our ministers and experts will address this subject and eliminate any prospect of an incident between us. If you agree, both Angola and Libya are additional subjects which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. In closing, let me underline my satisfaction with our agreement in Geneva to put our regional experts' talks on a regular basis. When we met in Geneva we agreed that it was important for both of us to avoid a U.S. - Soviet clash over regional conflicts and to work for solutions. I believe that we must move forward on some of these issues before we meet again. In that regard, I was pleased to note that in your remarks to Mac Baldrige you referred to the importance of dealing with regional trouble spots. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan 75 The ho White Rouse System . II Package . 4 SEQUENCE TO HAS Doe Peersa Biu - I discussed This with Ja night. First letter is a litta OPE President's have written note) and The wrong Thrust on Afghauster. we do need TO start, nowever, on a unger like ,not pride ,m freen is points The President promised in use S€ his ine second like 11 nine urgend SI since 2 gather There is some lesire TO - to have Bedridge carry it int on his drip. Suggest we give to Steve S. tn action with condination l unum to Ty Cobb. my sund cable deaft to tab is Eumpe to set win views Need do process bg mid-lay Therrow. Dan DECLASSIFIED /RELEASED NLRR F06-114/, 1+6617 BY Ces NARA DATE 11/27/07 SYSTEM II 14 91241 THE SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON SECRET/SENSITIVE MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: George P. Shultz ros SUBJECT: Letters to Gorbachev We need to take advantage of the momentum generated by your meeting with Gorbachev to move ahead in a number of fields of interest to us. The most significant: -- In the Geneva talks, we want to prod the Soviets toward a more constructive dialogue on the offense/defense relationship; -- On regional issues, we should pursue Gorbachev's suggestion of greater seriousness on an Afghanistan settlement and use our review of aid to UNITA to engage the Soviets in a more serious discussion of Southern Africa; -- On human rights, you indicated you wanted to follow up on your exchange with Gorbachev in Geneva to emphasize the possibilities which would open up in areas of interest to the Soviets if we saw progress. I have attached for your approval two draft letters to Gorbachev on these issues. The first deals with the Geneva talks and regional questions, and proposes that Shevardnadze and I take up these and other issues at a meeting here in January. The second addresses human rights, and could be delivered by Mac Baldrige during his visit to Moscow next week. Using Mac as a channel would reinforce our message on the inherent links between human rights and other areas of the relationship. As the first letter refers in passing to Mac's mission, it should be sent this week. Attachments: As indicated CAj 7/25/00 Authority NLSF99-051 DECLASSIFIED "367 SECRET/SENSITIVE BY CVS NARA, Date 6/12/02 DECL: OADR SYSTEM II 91241 SECRET/SENSITIVE Dear Mr. General Secretary, I have been heartened since returning from Geneva by the enthusiasm and hope with which reports of our recent meeting have been greeted around the world. This reaction by men and women everywhere confirms our joint assessment in Geneva of the utility of our meeting, and the responsi- bility we both share to ensure that that enthusiasm, and those hopes, are not in vain. I do not intend in this letter to get into an exhaustive review of where our relationship stands after our meeting, or of where it may go. There are certain issues, however, which I do feel merit particular attention in the weeks ahead. I would like to share with you some thoughts on how we may approach them. On substance, if our discussions in Geneva revealed anything, they revealed the extent of our differences on some of the core issues in the Geneva arms control talks and of the depth of our convictions on these issues. I took to heart the concerns you expressed so eloquently; I hope that you came to appreciate better my own concern that we not make the nuclear arms reductions we both consider overdue hostage to fears I am convinced are ungrounded. This is not the place to go over once again the terrain we covered in Geneva. I wish only to say that our discussion convinced me that some of our positions, divergent at present to be sure, are not mutually exclusive. I am instructing my experts to explore how we can bridge the gap in the Geneva talks in the months ahead; I trust you are giving similar instructions. It is my hope that, with a joint effort in this regard, the sides will in fact be able to build common elements on which to realize concrete progress before we meet again next year. Surely the Soviet Union cannot be opposed to strategic defense in principle. There must be a practical way to approach the relationship of offense and defense. Our negotiators in Geneva will of course be prepared to follow up on these possibilities when they return in January. I think Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze SECRET/SENSITIVE DECL: OADR DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-1141, #6626 BY Gr NARA DATE 11/24/67 78 SECRET/SENSITIVE - 2 - should also be prepared to address these issues further when they meet. In addition to the Geneva talks, I would hope that we can register some forward motion on some of the regional issues we discussed in Geneva before we meet again. The regional question on which we spent the most time in Geneva, of course, was Afghanistan. I was struck by your businesslike exposition of Soviet readiness to see an agreement emerge from the United Nations negotiating process which would entail a ceasefire, withdrawal of troops, return of the refugees and international guarantees. The discussion recalled the suggestion in your June 10 letter that my government had "opportunities to confirm by its actions" our readiness to reach a political settlement in Afghanistan. As I explained in my October speech to the UNGA, we are prepared to take practical steps, including the three elements I mentioned: a dialogue among the warring parties; cessation of outside military presence and supplies; and economic reconstruction. I believe that our two countries might in the first instance seek agreement on the question of guarantees and a timetable for withdrawal. As an initial contribution to this process, in advance of the next round of the proximity talks in Geneva, we will formally notify the United Nations that we accept their formulation on guarantees. Perhaps the U.S. and the USSR also could work out together an explicit statement that we are prepared to guarantee an appropriate settlement, including a reasonable timetable for the withdrawal of your forces. This could give an impetus to the efforts of the UN Secretary General's Special Representative. If you agree, we might seek to develop such a statement by the time Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze next meet so as to enable them to have a more focussed and productive discussion on Afghanistan. Another area where I believe movement is possible is southern Africa. Again, I do not intend to go over ground that we have covered often in the past. The point I want to make is a simple one. As I am sure you are aware, I currently face a difficult decision on our policy in southern Africa, specifically with respect to the civil war in Angola. I would not face this decision if there were some evidence SECRET/SENSITIVE - 3 - that it would be possible to bring about a reduction in the outside forces in that country which would make possible the reconciliation of the parties involved. Such an outcome, of course, would dramatically improve prospects for the establishment of an independent Namibia in accordance with UNSC Resolution 435 -- an objective we share with the USSR. As I said at the UN in October, our aim is to reduce, not increase, military involvement by the superpowers in local disputes like that in Angola. If you agree, this is another issue which Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze might take up in their next meeting. Finally, I wanted to reiterate how much I valued the candor and detail of our discussion on human rights issues. I hope you left that conversation with a better understanding of how I want to deal with what -- for us -- is a key determinant of our relationship. Secretary of Commerce Baldrige will be in Moscow December 9 - 11 for a meeting of the U.S. - Soviet Trade and Economic Council. He will be carrying a letter from me which builds on our discussion in Geneva, and which I hope you will carefully consider. In closing, let me reiterate how much I appreciated the opportunity to establish a personal relationship with you in Geneva. I am confident that that tie will be invaluable in the months ahead as we seek to consolidate and expand the start we made there in putting our relations on a more satisfactory basis. You will have received separately an invitation to visit Washington in late June of next year. I hope that you will find the timing convenient, and look forward to what I am confident you will find a productive and informative visit. From the standpoint of procedure, I think it is important that we do not allow the momentum which we established in Geneva to wane. We will be able in this channel and through our embassies to follow-up on the agreements reached in the past few weeks and to flesh out some of the new ideas which emerged from our meeting. I believe it would be useful, nonetheless, for Secretary Shultz and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze to meet periodically to review progress and identify areas where work is necessary in advance of our next meeting. We would be delighted if Mr. Shevardnadze could come to the United States for this purpose in late January of next year. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan