Ask the Scholar

Document scope · 1 page
doc
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory. For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.

Scholar Source Context

Document identity
localId
215872169
label
Nuclear Accident: Chernobyl 04/29/1986 (8)
core
doc
dtoType
document
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
215872169
contentType
document
title
Nuclear Accident: Chernobyl 04/29/1986 (8)
collections
Records of the National Security Council, Directorate of European and Soviet Affairs (Reagan Administration)
Jack F. Matlock, Jr.'s Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) Subject Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
215872169
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
50c307301c2f3ba5
ocrText
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Matlock, Jack F.: Files Folder Title: Nuclear Accident: Chernobyl 04/29/1986 (8) Box: 29 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 5/16/2005 File Folder USSR: NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: CHERNOBYL APRIL 29, FOIA 1986 8/9 F06-114/8 YARHI-MILO Box Number 29 2914 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 10468 CABLE 081656Z MAY 86 2 5/8/1986 B1 [1 - 2 - 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10469 MEMO PLATT TO POINDEXTER RE 3 5/8/1986 B1 CHERNOBYL REACTOR UPDATE [ 13 - 15 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10470 MEMO PLATT TO POINDEXTER 2 5/7/1986 B1 [17 18 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10466 MEMO PLATT TO POINDEXTER RE UPDATE ON 2 5/5/1986 B1 CHERNOBYL INCIDENT [ 20 21 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 5/16/2005 File Folder USSR: NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: CHERNOBYL APRIL 29, FOIA 1986 8/9 F06-114/8 YARHI-MILO Box Number 29 2914 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 10471 CABLE 091007Z MAY 86 2 5/9/1986 B1 [ 22 - 23 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10467 MEMO PLATT TO POINDEXTER RE UPDATE ON 1 5/9/1986 B1 CHERNOBYL REACTOR ACCIDENT [ 24 - 24 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10472 CABLE 101302Z MAY 86 2 5/10/1986 B1 [ 33 34 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10473 MEMO PLATT TO POINDEXTER RE 2 5/10/1986 B1 CHERNOBYL REACTOR UPDATE [ 36 - 37 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name MATLOCK, JACK: FILES Withdrawer JET 5/16/2005 File Folder USSR: NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: CHERNOBYL APRIL 29, FOIA 1986 8/9 F06-114/8 YARHI-MILO Box Number 29 2914 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 10474 CABLE 121310Z MAY 86 1 5/12/1986 B1 [ 40 40 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10475 CABLE 121255Z MAY 86 1 5/12/1986 B1 [ 41 41 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 10476 CABLE 131459Z MAY 86 4 5/13/1986 B1 42 45 1 R 9/30/2008 F06-114/8 Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] B-2 Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] B-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] B-7 Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] B-8 Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift. SECRET NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 7848 DTG: 081656Z MAY 86 PSN: 029818 EOB690 AN006274 TOR: 128/2223Z CSN: HCE356 DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /006 A2 E WHSR COMMENT: 5 LINER X WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: D SIT: SIT EOB: S OP MMED STU9381 DE RUEHMO #7848 1281657 O 081656Z MAY 86 ZFF4 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW E TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 4573 X INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7322 and D SECRE MOSCOW 07848 mather S EXDIS E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: UR, US, KSCA SUBJECT: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON REACTOR THREE E REF: (A) STATE 144043, (B) MOSCOW 7486 X D 1. SECRET - ENTIRE TEXT. 2. ON MAY 8, POLCOUNS AND SCICOUNS MET AT THE S MF A WITH SERGEY B. CHETVERIKOV, DEPUTY DIRECTOR, USA DEPARTMENT, TO PRESENT SUGGESTED TALKING POINTS PER REF A. NOTING THAT HE VIEWED THE POINTS AS ADDITIONAL TO. THE LIST OF TECHNICAL QUESTIONS DELIVERED TO THE MF A ON MAY 3 (REF B). CHETVERIKOV ACCEPTED THEM AND PROMISED TO GIVE OUR CONCERNS THOROUGH STUDY. CHETVERIKOV REFERRED TO THE E TASS SUMMARY OF THE SHCHERBINA PRESS CONFERENCE AND, X LOOKING BACK AT OUR TALKING POINTS, SAID THERE WAS NO BASIS IN SHCHERBINA"S STATEMENT TO SEE D CONCERN FOR RADIATION RELEASES FROM REACTOR NUMBER THREE. S 3. POLCOUNS SAID THE LACK OF PUBLIC INFORMATION COULD NOT BUT HURT SOVIET EFFORTS AT DEALING WITH THE CHERNOBYL' ACCIDENT. HE NOTED THE INTERESTS OF ALL IN DISTINGUISHING FACT FROM RUMOR. SHOWING CHETVERIKOV A TASS ENGLISH RELEASE CONCERNING LINES FOR TRAIN AND AIR TICKETS IN KIEV, HE ASKED FOR COMMENT ON WHETHER EVACUATIONS WERE OCCURRING. CHETVERIKOV SAID THERE WAS NO OFFICIAL EVACUATION. THE TASS RELEASE HAD REFERRED TO THE FORTHCOMING HOLIDAY SEASON AND TO SOME ANXIETY. IN LIGHT OF THIS ANXIETY AMONG THE POPULACE, IT WAS NATURAL THAT A HIGHER PORTION OF PEOPLE THAN USUAL WOULD BE LEAVING THE AREA. 4. POLCOUNS STRESSED THAT THE PROBLEM WAS A COMMON ONE POTENTIALLY AFFECTING ANY COUNTRY, AND SAID DROPPING BARRIERS TO THE FLOW OF INFORMATION WOULD DECLASSIFIED NLRR F0b-114/8#10468 SECRET BY LOJ NARA DATE 9/30/08 SECRET NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 02 OF 02 MOSCOW 7848 DTG: 081656Z MAY 86 PSN: 029818 SERVE EVERYBODY' S INTERESTS--AND COULD HELP THE SOVIET PUBLIC IMAGE PROBLEM THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. HE REAFFIRMED THE U.S. OFFER OF TECHNICAL AND OTHER E ASSISTANCE. CHETVERIKOV SAID HE LARGELY AGREED, X AND REITERATED THAT HE WOULD TRANSMIT OUR LATEST REQUEST FOR INFORMATION. POLCOUNS URGED A PROMPT D AND SUBSTANTIVE REPLY. HARTMAN I BT S E X D S E X D S E X D I S SECRET UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG: 092028Z MAY 86 PSN: 031957 E 0B7 46 AN006843 TOR: 129/2103Z CSN: HCE811 SCIENCE, PROFESSOR VEL IKOV (PHONETIC) CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE COMMITTEE FOR NUCLEAR SAFETY, PROFESSOR DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 SIDERENKOV (PHONETIC), AND THEY WERE ALSO IN THE HELICOPTER WITH US WHEN WE TRAVELLED TO SEE THE PLANT. WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: DURING OUR STAY WE WERE ABLE TO MAKE OURSELVES A ROUGH SIT: SIT AND PRELIMINARY PICTURE OF THE ACCIDENT ON THE BASIS OF EOB: FRANK AND OPEN TALKS. I SEE THESE TALKS AND THE INVITATION AS A CONTINUATION OF THE EXCELLENT COOPERATION THAT WE HAVE HAD FROM THE SOVIET MISSION THAT IS ATTACHED TO THE IAEA. THE LAST WEEK BEFORE WE OP IMMED LEFT WE HAD CONTINUOUS INFORMATION BY CABLE FROM MOSCOW STU3323 AND WHAT WE DID NOW WAS A FOLLOW UP OF THIS CONTACT. DE RUEHVI #6977/01 1292039 THIS ROUGH PICTURE OF THE ACCIDENT IS ONE THAT MR. 0 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 ROSEN WILL TELL YOU. THE DETAILED PICTURE CANNOT BE FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA GIVEN BY US. ONLY BY THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES, AND IN DUE COURSE.. HOWEVER, WE ALSO AGREED WITH THE SOVIET TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE AUTHORITIES ON A NUMBER OF ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN AND AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE THESE AGREEMENTS ARE OF THE FOLLOWING KIND: AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY TOKYO MANY OF OUR MEMBERS TURNED TO US AND URGED US TO GET AMEMBASSY LONDON INFORMATION ABOUT THE NUCLEAR RELEASES FROM THE DAMAGED PLANT AND WE HAVE PRESENTED THAT NEED TO THE SOVIET UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 AUTHORITIES AND WE HAVE NOW AN AGREEMENT WITH THEM UNDER WHICH THEY WILL DELIVER DATA ON THE RELEASE OF RADIOACTIVITY FROM THE STATION THAT IS NOT so FAR FROM DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP CHERNOBYL AND ALSO A NUMBER OF STATIONS OUTSIDE. MR. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH ROSEN CAN PERHAPS SUPPLEMENT WHAT I HAVE SAID ABOUT DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION THIS AGREEMENT. HAROLD DENTON ROSEN: WE HAVE AGREEMENT THAT DATA WILL BE PROVIDED BY STATE COMMITTEE OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT TO E.O. 12356: N/A THE STATE COMMITTEE ON THE UTILIZATION OF ATOMIC TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP ENERGY, AND THEN DAILY, BY TELEX, TO THE VIENNA IAEA SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS HEADQUARTERS. THE DATA WILL CONSIST OF READINGS OF : CONFERENCE -- MILLIROENTGENS PER HOUR; 1. SUMMARY: CABLE REPORTS PRESS CONFERENCE CONDUCTED -- COORDINANTS OF THE STATION; BY IAEA DIRECTOR GENERAL HANS BLIX DESCRIBING HIS VISIT -- WIND DIRECTION; TO SOVIET UNION IN CONNECTION WITH NUCLEAR REACTOR -- WIND SPEED; ACCIDENT AT CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION. BLIX -- THE TEMPERATURE AT 1:00 A.M. WHEN THESE READINGS REPORTED AGREEMENT BY SOVIETS TO FURNISH RADIOLOGICAL WILL BE TAKEN; DATA ON A DAILY BASIS TO AGENCY. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS -- THE DEW POINT; OF ACCIDENT SEQUENCE PROVIDES ADDITIONAL DATA ON -- AND LOCAL WEATHER CONDITIONS. EXPLOSION AND FIRE, INCLUDING TIME (1:23 A.M. SATURDAY, BT APRIL 26), BUT DOES NOT INDICATE LIKELY CAUSE OF THE ACCIDENT. END SUMMARY. 2. FOLLOWING IS VERBATIM ARRIVAL STATEMENT BY DIRECTOR GENERAL BLIX UPON HIS ARRIVAL AT SCHWECHAT AIRPORT AT APPROXIMATELY 6 P.M. MAY 9, 1986: (BL IX INTRODUCED DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR NUCLEAR POWER L. KONSTANTINOV AND DIVISION OF SAFETY DIRECTOR MAURICE ROSEN, WHO ACCOMPANIED HIM TO CHERNOBYL. BEGIN TEXT. I RECEIVED AN INVITATION LAST SUNDAY MORNING THROUGH THE SOVIET AMBASSADOR TO GO TO MOSCOW ON MONDAY, ARRIVING MONDAY EVENING. ON TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY WE WERE IN MOSCOW; WE TALKED WITH MINISTERS, WE TALKED WITH THE HEADS OF THE STATE COMMITTEE ON ATOMIC ENERGY AND HIS SENIOR PEOPLE AND ON THURSDAY, YESTERDAY, WE FLEW DOWN TO KIEV AND FROM THE KIEV AIRPORT WE WERE TAKEN BY HELICOPTER UP TO CHERNOBYL AND THEN AROUND THE NUCLEAR POWER STATION. WE WERE ABOUT 800 METERS FROM THE DAMAGED UNIT NUMBER FOUR AND WE COULD SEE IT WITH OUR OWN EYES. WE ALSO HAD TALKS IN KIEV WITH TWO PERSONS WHO ARE DIRECTING THE OPERATIONS FROM THE CITY OF CHERNOBYL, VICE CHAIRMAN OF THE SOVIET ACADEMY OF UNCI ASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG: 092028Z MAY 86 PSN: 031962 EOB743 AN006842 TOR: 129/2105Z CSN: HCE813 EXPERTS THEMSELVES, TO ADEQUATELY ANALYZE WHAT HAS HAPPENED BEFORE WE CALL SUCH A MEETING. WE HAVE ALSO DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 AGREED THAT IT IS DESIRABLE TO DISCUSS INTERNATIONAL MEASURES WHICH MIGHT BE DEVELOPED WITHIN THE IAEA TO IMPROVE NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY. I CANNOT GO, AS DIRECTOR WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: GENERAL TO MOSCOW AND SAY TO THEM WHAT MUST BE DONE SIT: BECAUSE THE IAEA IS AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION. EOB: IT IS FOR THE MEMBERS TO AGREE, BUT WE HAVE AGREED IT WOULD BE DESIRABLE THAT WE HAVE SUCH DISCUSSION AND I AM SURE THAT THE CLIMATE WILL BE RIGHT FOR DISCUSSIONS OF VARIOUS SAFETY ISSUES AT NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS. WE OP IMMED HAVE ALSO AGREED ON INTERNATIONAL DISCUSSION OF UTS6099 POSSIBLE TECHNICAL MEASURES IN NUCLEAR FACILITIES FOR DE RUEHVI #6977/02 1292040 THE PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS AND FOR THE REDUCING OF 0 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 THEIR CONSEQUENCES. FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA PROFESSOR KONSTANTINOV COULD PERHAPS TELL YOU SOME OF TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE THE MEASURES WHICH ALREADY EXIST WITHIN OUR ORGANIZATON AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE IN THE FIELD OF NUCLEAR SAFETY. AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY TOKYO KONSTANTINOV: CURRENTLY THE AGENCY HAS DONE AND IS AMEMBASSY LONDON BEING DONE SPECIAL WORK CONNECTED WITH SAFETY OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS IN PARTICULAR, THREE YEARS AGO IT UNCLAS SECTION 02 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 DEVISED A SPECIAL SYSTEM - INCIDENT REPORTING SYSTEM AND THE SOVIET UNION IS A MEMBER OF SUCH A SYSTEM. AND WE PROVIDE, OF COURSE, THE INFORMATION IN PARTICULAR, DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP IN SUCH A SYSTEM, IN GENERAL IN CONNECTION WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT. BUT, OF COURSE, IT WILL DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION TAKE SOME TIME TO CONSIDER ALL THE DATA EXISTING. so, HAROLD DENTON ALSO, THERE ARE OTHER ACTIVITIES, AND I WOULD LIKE TO MENTION NOT ALL OF THEM. YOU COULD GET THE DETAILED E.O. 12356: N/A INFORMATION FROM MYSELF OR DOCTOR ROSEN CONCERNING THE TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP ACTIVITY THAT HAS BEEN DONE. IN PARTICULAR WE HAVE SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS SPECIAL NUCLEAR ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS AND THE AGENCY IS ABLE AT THE REQUEST OF A STATE TO ASSIST THE MEMBER THE DATA WILL BE COLLECTED FROM A STATION 68 KMS. STATE WHO HAS DECIDED TO INVITE THE CORRESPONDING SOUTHEAST OF CHERNOBYL AND AT SIX OTHER STATIONS ALONG ASSISTANCE IT DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE, THE SECRETARIAT, THE WESTERN BORDER OF THE SOVIET UNION. THESE BEING AT ARE ABLE TO DO THIS; BUT, THROUGH THE SECRETARIAT, IT LENINGRAD, RIGA, VILNIUS, BREST, KRACOW (?), KISINOV IS POSSIBLE TO FIND THE CORRESPONDING EXPERT AND THE ALONG THE DISTANCE FROM LENINGRAD TO THE BLACK SEA ASSISTANCE FROM THE OTHER MEMBER STATE OF WHICH THE THESE STATIONS ARE REGISTERED STATIONS OF THE WORLD SECRETARIAT IS REQUESTED. I THINK WE ALSO HAVE A LOT METEOROLOGY ORGANIZATION. OF SPECIAL DOCUMENTS, IN PARTICULAR, NUCLEAR SAFETY BT BLIX: EVIDENTLY THIS MATTER OF GIVING INFORMATION IS ONLY A PART OF THE MORE GENERAL QUESTION OF ARRANGING AN INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FOR THE RELEASE OF DATA ON RADIOACTIVE RELEASES WHAT HAS BEEN TERMED AN EARLY WARNING SYSTEM A CONVENTION OF SOME KIND AND I AM SURE THERE WILL BE A DISCUSSION OF SUCH A SYSTEM. AND IN THE COMMUNIQUE YOU WILL ALSO FIND EVIDENCE THAT THE SOVIET UNION IS IN AGREEMENT WITH A MECHANISM OF SOME KIND AND I TRUST THAT THIS WILL COME UP FOR DISCUSSION BETWEEN STATES IN THE IAEA. THERE EXISTS AT THE PRESENT TIME NO MULTILATERAL BINDING RULES ABOUT THE RELEASE OF SUCH DATA, ONLY GUIDELINES AND WHAT MIGHT BE AGREED UPON BETWEEN STATES. so, THERE WILL BE WORK ON THIS IN THE FUTURE WITHIN THE AGENCY. NOW A SECOND POINT IN THE COMMUNIQUE WHICH I SHOULD MENTION. OUR SOVIET COLLEAGUES HAVE AGREED WITH US THAT IT WOULD BE DESIRABLE TO HAVE A MEETING IN WHICH THEIR EXPERTS WILL BE ABLE TO DISCUSS WITH EXPERTS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES ABOUT MAKING AN ANALYSIS OF THE ACCIDENT AND WHAT WE MAY LEARN FROM IT. ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLES OF THE IAEA IS TO BE A FORUM, A MECHANISM IN WHICH COUNTRIES CAN LEARN FROM ONE ANOTHER AND THEREBY INCREASE SAFETY. WE SERVED THIS FUNCTION AFTER THE THREE MILE ISLAND ACCIDENT A NUMBER OF YEARS AGO AND THERE WILL BE SUCH A POST-ACCIDENT ANALYSIS IN THIS CASE, TO BE HELD AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, CERTAINLY BY THE SUMMER MONTHS. OF COURSE, WE MUST ALLOW THE SOVIET UNCI ASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG:092028Z MAY 86 PSN:031964 EOB748 AN006841 TOR: 129/2107Z CSN:HCE814 BASED ON INFORMATION SUPPLIED BY SOVIET OFFICIALS AS SUPPLEMENTED BY THE GROUPS OWN OBSERVATIONS AT THE SITE. DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 BEGIN TEXT WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION ACCIDENT SIT: (A SUMMARY DESCRIPTION BY IAEA REPRESENTATIVES) EOB: 9 MAY 1986 A FULL AND AUTHORITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCIDENT, THE REASONS FOR IT AND CONSEQUENCES OF IT CAN OP IMMED ONLY BE GIVEN BY THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES AFTER NECESSARY STU3328 ANALYSIS. WE HAVE, HOWEVER, PREPARED THE FOLLOWING DE RUEHVI #6977/03 1292040 BRIEF DESCRIPTION WHICH IS BASED UPON WHAT WE HAVE 0 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 LEARNED FROM A NUMBER OF TALKS WITH MINISTERS, FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA OFFICIALS CONCERNED AND EXPERTS AND TO SOME EXTENT FROM OUR OWN VISUAL OBSERVATIONS DURING A HELICOPTER FLIGHT TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE AROUND THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT. MANY OF THE AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE FACTS GIVEN HERE HAVE BEEN MADE PUBLIC EARLIER. AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY TOKYO ON THE 26TH OF APRIL AT 1:23 A.M. EXPLOSIONS AMEMBASSY LONDON OCCURED IN THE FOURTH UNIT OF THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION. AT THAT TIME THE REACTOR WHICH WAS UNCLAS SECTION 03 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 UNDERGOING A PLANNED MAINTENANCE SHUT-DOWN WAS AT 7 PERCENT POWER LEVEL. AS A RESULT OF THE EXPLOSION TWO PERSONS LOST THEIR LIVES, ONE FROM HOT STEAM BURNS, THE DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP OTHER OF INJURIES FROM FALLING OBJECTS. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION so FAR THERE ARE ONLY HYPOTHESES REGARDING THE HAROLD DENTON SPECIFIC REASONS FOR THE ACCIDENT. RESEARCH AND DETAILED ANALYSIS ARE UNDER WAY. RECORDS OF DATA FROM E.O. 12356: N/A THE CONTROL ROOM WERE RECOVERED AFTER THE ACCIDENT AND TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP ARE BEING STUDIED. SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS THE EXPLOSIONS CAUSED FIRE. THE REACTOR BUILDING, EQUIPMENT IN IT, THE REACTOR ITSELF AND THE REACTOR STANDARDS THAT HAVE BEEN PREPARED AND WHICH DEFINE THE CORE WERE EXTENSIVELY DAMAGED RESULTING IN RADIOACTIVE SPECIFIC TASKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SAFETY OF NUCLEAR RELEASES BEYOND THE NUCLEAR POWER STASTION AREA. POWER PLANTS AND IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS TO MAKE THE THE CHAIN REACTION AUTOMATICALLY STOPPED AT THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT SAFE. IF I SHOULD ALSO MENTION A TIME OF THE ACCIDENT. THIS IS CONFIRMED BY THE FACT SPECIAL BODY - THE SPECIAL ADVISORY GROUP (INSAG) THAT MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF PERSONS AFFECTED SHOWED NO INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR SAFETY ADVISORY GROUP, WHICH EVIDENCE OF HIGH NEUTRON FLUX EXPOSURE. CONSISTS OF 13 PEOPLE, INCLUDING ONE EXPERT FROM THE BT USSR. AND THIS GROUP ESPECIALLY CONSIDERS THE NECESSARY ACTIONS TO INCREASE SAFETY. I BELIEVE THAT IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO FURTHER GO INTO DETAILS, BUT WE SUPPOSE THAT THIS GROUP WOULD BE ABLE TO CONSIDER THE FIRST RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ACCIDENT AT CHERNOBYL. BLIX: I WILL END BY NOTING THE THIRD POINT FROM THE END OF THE COMMUNIQUE, THAT THE SOVIETS HAVE STATED THAT THE ACCIDENT WILL NOT AFFECT NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENT PLANS IN THE SOVIET UNION. YOU ARE NO DOUBT AWARE THAT THE SEVEN HEADS OF STATES AND GOVERNMENTS THAT MET RECENTLY IN TOKYO SIMILARLY STATED THE CONVICTION THAT PROPERLY MANAGED NUCLEAR POWER IS AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE AN INCREASINGLY WIDELY USED SOURCE OF ENERGY. ABOUT 15 PERCENT OF THE WORLDS ELECTRICITY IS TODAY PRODUCED BY NUCLEAR. so, BOTH THE SOVIET UNION AND THESE WORLD LEADERS ARE OF THE VIEW THAT THIS WILL REMAIN AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF ENERGY. AT THE SAME TIME, IT IS CLEAR THAT THIS ACCIDENT WILL BE USED BY NUCLEAR INDUSTRY EVERYWHERE TO IMPROVE SAFETY. AND I HAVE NO DOUBT THAT WITHIN THE IAEA THERE WILL BE A GREAT DEAL OF WORK TO LEARN FROM THE TRAGIC EVENTS THAT THE SOVIETS ARE PAYING VERY DEARLY FOR NOW. ROSEN THEN READ A TWO AND ONE HALF PAGE PAPER WHICH THE BLIX GROUP HAD PREPARED IN MOSCOW DESCRIBING THEIR VERY ROUGH AND PRELIMINARY FINDINGS CONCERNING THE ACCIDENT. ROSEN EMPHASIZED THAT THIS NARRATIVE WAS UNCI ASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG: ø92ø28Z MAY 86 PSN: 031972 E 0B747 AN006840 TOR: 129/2109Z CSN:HCE815 ABSORBING MATERIALS - SAND, BORON, CLAY, DOLOMITE AND LEAD - DROPPED FROM HELICOPTERS OVER THE REACTOR DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 RESULTING IN DECREASING RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS IN THE 30 KM ZONE. WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: NECESSARY SHIFT PERSONNEL WORK ON THE SITE TO KEEP SIT: THE UNDAMAGED REACTORS IN SAFE SHUT-DOWN CONDITION. E OB: THE THIRD REACTOR ADJACENT TO THE FOURTH, WAS NOT DAMAGED IN THE ACCIDENT, AND ITS SAFETY SYSTEMS FOR COOLING ARE FUNCTIONING. OP IMMED THE DAMAGED REACTOR SUFFERED SOME FIRE IN PARTS OF UTS6101 THE GRAPHITE. THESE FIRES HAVE BEEN EXTINGUISHED BUT DE RUEHVI #6977/04 1292041 TEMPERATURES REMAIN HIGH. RECRITICALITY IS NOT 0 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 CONSIDERED A PROBLEM. THE AIM IS TO ENCASE THE WHOLE FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA FOURTH UNIT IN CONCRETE AND WORK HAS BEGUN TO PLACE A CONCRETE FOUNDATION UNDER THE REACTOR. TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE ALTHOUGH NO SYSTEMATIC DATA ON RADIATION LEVELS AMEMBASSY PARIS WERE MADE AVAILABLE, SOME VALUES WERE GIVEN. MAXIMUM AMEMBASSY TOKYO RADIATION LEVEL WITHIN THE 30 KM ZONE HAS BEEN 10-15 AMEMBASSY LONDON MILLIREM/HOUR. BY THE 5TH OF MAY IT HAD DECREASED TO 2-3 MILLIREM/HOUR. ON THE 8TH OF MAY IT HAD DROPPED TO UNCLAS SECTION 04 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 A MAXIMUM OF 0.15 AT THE PERIMETER OF THE ZONE. THE LEVEL OF RADIOACTIVITY IN KIEV'S WATER RESERVOIR WAS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS AT ALL TIMES. END TEXT. DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS: HAROLD DENTON Q. IS THE DECAY HEAT IN THE REACTOR UNDER CONTROL? E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP A. (ROSEN) THE SOVIETS ARE USING GASEOUS NITROGEN FROM SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS LIQUID NITROGEN TO CREATE AN INNER ATMOSPHERE. THEY ARE PUMPING IT FROM UNDER UNIT 3 AND THE TEMPERATURE IS A LARGE PART OF THE RADIOACTIVE RELEASES CONSISTS GOING DOWN. (BLIX) BUT DECAY HEAT REMAINS A PROBLEM. OF THE EMISSION OF SHORT-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES. Q. DIDN'T THE CORE MELT DOWN? MEASUREMENTS INDICATE THAT UP TO 50 PERCENT OF THE EMISSIONS WERE IN THE FORM OF IODINE 131. A. (ROSEN) NO, NOT TO OUR KNOWLEDGE. FIRE TEAMS CAME QUICKLY TO THE SITE. WORK WAS Q. WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN TO DEAL WITH THE DAMAGE. COMPLICATED BY THE FACT THAT NEITHER WATER NOR BT CHEMICALS COULD BE USED. FIREMEN AND SOME NUCLEAR POWER STATION PERSONNEL WERE AMONG THOSE INJURED BY RADIATION. MOST RESIDENTS IN ADJACENT AREAS WERE INDOORS AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT THUS REDUCING THEIR EXPOSURE. IN THE EARLY MORNING OF THE 26TH OF APRIL MONITORING EQUIPMENT REGISTERED INCREASED RADIOACTIVITY AND REPORTED THIS EVACUATION BEGAN ON THE 27TH OF APRIL, STARTING WITH WOMEN AND CHILDREN. UP TO 48, 000 PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM CHERNOBYL AND OTHER LOCATIONS WITHIN A 30 KILOMETER RADIUS. AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE POTASSIUM IODINE TABLETS WERE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED INSIDE AS WELL AS OUTSIDE THE 30 KM ZONE. 204 PERSONS INCLUDING NUCLEAR POWER STATION PERSONNEL AND FIRE FIGHTERS, WERE AFFECTED BY RADIATION FROM 1ST DEGREE TO 4TH DEGREE, 18 PERSONS BEING IN THE 4TH DEGREE. ALL 204 PERSONS ERE HOSPITALIZED IN MOSCOW AND TREATED MEDICALLY. IN SOME CASES BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS WERE PERFORMED. THE RADIOACTIVE RELEASES FROM THE DAMAGED UNIT HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED BY SHIELDING AND NEUTRON UNCI ASSIFIED 1 UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG:092028Z MAY 86 PSN:031976 E0B750 AN006839 TOR: 129/2110Z CSN:HCE816 ARRANGEMENT WHERE COUNTRIES COMMIT THEMSELVES TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND A FOCAL POINT DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 TO RECEIVE AND DISSEMINATE SUCH INFORMATION. I SEE A ROLE FOR THE AGENCY IN THIS. WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: Q. WILL THE SOVIETS NOW MAKE THEIR OWN REACTORS SAFER? SIT: EOB: A. (BLIX) THE FURTHER DISCUSSIONS ON ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL MEANS WILL BE ANALYZED EVERYWHERE AND WEAKNESSES IN SAFETY WILL BE USED TO SEEK IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOVIET UNION AND ELSEWHERE. OP IMMED STU3335 Q. WHAT ABOUT CONTAINMENT? DE RUEHVI #6977/05 1292042 0 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 A. (BLIX) CONTAINMENT IS OBVIOUSLY ONE IMPORTANT FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA BARRIER TO RADIOLOGICAL RELEASE. TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE Q. WHAT IS THE RADIATION IN THE CHERNOBYL AREA NOW? AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE AMEMBASSY PARIS A. (ROSEN) WE HAVE JUST BEEN HANDED A COPY OF THE AMEMBASSY TOKYO FIRST REPORT FROM SOVIET AUTHORITIES BY TELEX AND THE AMEMBASSY LONDON INITIAL READING FROM THE STATION 68 KMS. FROM CHERNOBYL READS 33 MILLIROENTGENS PER HOUR. UNCLAS SECTION 05 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 Q. ISN'T THIS MORE THAN THE READING IN YOUR SUMMARY DESCRIPTION - TWICE AS MUCH IN FACT? DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH A. (ROSEN) THESE FIGURES MUST BE CAREFULLY ANALYZED DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BECAUSED THE EARLIER FIGURE WAS NOT TAKEN FROM THE SAME HAROLD DENTON PLACE OR UNDER THE SAME CONDITIONS. WE CAN'T TELL WHAT THE READING MEANS UNTIL IT IS COMPARED WITH OTHER E.O. 12356: N/A COMPARABLE FIGURES. TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP Q. THE SOVIETS HAVE SAID THEY PROVIDED INFORMATION SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ACCIDENT, WHEN DID YOU FIRST GET INFORMATION ABOUT THE INCIDENT? A. (KONSTANTINOV) THERE IS A SPECIAL SPACE FOR WATER UNDER THE REACTOR IN A DESIGN BASIS ACCIDENT. THE A. (BLIX) I FIRST RECEIVED INFORMATON FROM THE SOVIET GASES AND OTHER EFFLUENTS WOULD BE FUNNELED THERE. NOW AMBASSADOR ON MONDAY EVENING (NOTE THIS IS APRIL 28). THIS POOL IS DRY AND IS BEING FILLED WITH CONCRETE. THIS WILL ENABLE THE REACTOR TO BE ENCAPSULATED IN Q. IS THE USSR IN CONTROL OF THE SITUATION NOW? CONCRETE. A. (ROSEN) WELL, THE TEMPERATURE IS DECREASING AND WE Q. DID YOU TAKE ANY PRECAUTIONS IN FLYING OVER THE BT REACTOR. A. (BLIX) WE HAVE FULL CONFIDENCE IN THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES AND THEIR JUDGEMENT THAT WE COULD SAFELY ENTER THE AREA. WE WORE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. (ROSEN) THE CLOSEST WE CAME TO THE REACTOR WAS 800 METERS (WE WERE 400 METERS FROM THE REACTOR AND 400 HUNDRED METERS IN ELEVATION) AT THAT POINT WE WERE AT THE HIGHEST AREA OF RADIOACTIVITY AND OUR MEASUREMENTS DISCLOSED 350 MILLIROENTGENS PER HOUR. WE HAD DOSIMETERS AND AFTER CHECKING THEM WE FOUND THAT WE HAD OBTAINED A MINIMAL DOSE. Q. WILL IAEAS'S MANDATE BE EXTENDED TO THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES? A. (BLIX) WE HAVE 70 VOLUMES OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF NUCLEAR SAFETY AND THESE WILL REMAIN IN THE HANDS OF GOVERNMENTS, I DO NOT EXPECT TO EVER BECOME THE MANAGER OF NUCLEAR POWER FACILITIES. Q. DOESN'T YOUR AGREEMENT WITH THE SOVIETS COVER POINT FOUR OF THE TOKYO COMMUNIQUE? A. (BLIX) I DON'T KNOW PRECISELY WHAT THE RESULTS OF DISCUSSIONS MAY BE, WHETHER IT WILL BE A CONVENTION OR SOMETHING ELSE. THIS IS UP TO MEMBER GOVERNMENTS. HOWEVER, WHAT THE WORLD WILL NEED IS A PERMANENT UNCLASSIFIED 8 UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 UNVIE MISSION VIENN 6977 DTG: 092028Z MAY 86 PSN: 031985 EOB755 AN006838 TOR: 129/2116Z CSN: HCE820 DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /003 A2 WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: EOB: OP IMMED UTS6104 DE RUEHVI #6977/06 1292042 O 092028Z MAY 86 ZFF4 FM UNVIE MISSION VIENNA TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE AMEMBASSY MOSCOW NIACT IMMEDIATE AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY TOKYO AMEMBASSY LONDON UNCLAS SECTION 06 OF 06 MISSION VIENNA 06977 DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS AMBASSADOR KENNEDY, S/NP DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/IE PETER BRUSH DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION HAROLD DENTON E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: TNUC, MNUC, PARM, IAEA, KNNP SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS ARE TOLD THAT THERE ARE NO HOT SPOTS IN THE AREA. THE SITUATION IS STABILIZING. PERHAPS ONE CAN BE OPTIMISTIC. Q. ONLY PERHAPS? A. (ROSEN) PERHAPS. Q. DO YOU HAVE ANY VIEWS ON THE CAUSE OF THE EXPLOSION? A. (BLIX) THE SOVIETS HAVE SEVERAL HYPOTHESES ON THE CAUSE, BUT THEY ARE VERY CAUTIOUS ABOUT PINPOINTING THE CAUSE AT THIS STAGE. THEY HAVE DATA FROM THE REACTOR AND WILL BE REACHING CONCLUSIONS ON THIS, HOPEFULLY IN THE NEAR FUTURE. Q. WHY WON' T THE FIGURES YOU ARE RECEIVING FROM THE SOVIETS BE REALIZED TO THE PUBLIC? A. (BLIX) WE ARE AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATON AND WILL BE PROVIDING THIS MATERIAL TO AUTHORIZED RADIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION AND MEMBER STATES. YOU WOULDN' T FIND THESE FIGURES VERY ENTERTAINING. NOTE: MISSION TRANSCRIPTION OF BLIX INTRODUCTORY STATEMENTS AND SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION ACCIDENT ARE ESSENTIALLY VERBATIM. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ARE OUR BEST EFFORT TO SUMMARIZE NOTES TAKEN DURING CROWDED AND NOISY PRESS CONFERENCE WITHOUT BENEFIT OF RECORDING. THE IAEA HAS ANNOUNCED THAT DIRECTOR GENERAL BLIX WILL BRIEF MEMBER GOVERNMENTS IN THE IAEA BOARD ROOM AT 3:30 P.M. ON MONDAY, MAY 12. MISSION WILL BE PRESENT AND REPORT ANY RELEVANT RESULTS OF THAT BRIEFING. CHAPMAN BT UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT F.le Character PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7868 DTG: 091844Z MAY 86 PSN: 031753 E0B697 AN006820 TOR: 129/1904Z CSN:HCE770 - H. BLIX WAS INFORMED THAT NECESSARY OPERATIONAL DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 SOMM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /005 A2 PERSONNEL ARE PRESENT AT THE THREE UNDAMAGED CHERNOBYL NPS UNITS, WHICH ARE SHUT DOWN. WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: - H. BLIX AND HIS COLLEAGUES ACCEPTED THE SIT: INVITATION TO VISIT THE CHERNOBYL NPS AREA, WHERE EOB: THEY RECEIVED ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AS TO ON-SITE CONDITIONS AND MEASURES BEING TAKEN FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACCIDENT. OP IMMED - IN RESPONSE TO THE REQUEST FROM THE DIRECTOR- STU3064 GENERAL OF THE IAEA, THE SOVIET SIDE EXPRESSED ITS DE RUEHMO #7868/01 1291849 WILLINGNESS TO PROVIDE, AS SOON AS IT IS AVAILABLE, 0 091844Z MAY 85 INFORMATION ON THE ACCIDENT TO BE DISCUSSED AT A FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW MEETING OF NUCLEAR SAFETY EXPERTS IN ORDER TO ASSIST IAEA MEMBER-STATES TO LEARN FROM THIS TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4595 ACCIDENT AND THUS TO FURTHER IMPROVE NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY. INFO UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE EASTERN EUROPEAN POSTS - THE SOVIET SIDE IS READY TO PROVIDE THE IAEA USIA WASHDC 4646 WITH INFORMATION ON THE LEVEL OF RADIATION FROM A STATION LOCATED AT THE DISTANCE OF 60 KM FROM THE UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 MOSCOW 07868 NPS AND FROM SEVERAL OTHER STATIONS LOCATED ALONG THE WESTERN BOARDER OF THE USSR, THE AGENCY WILL BE DISTRIBUTING THIS INFORMATION TO NATIONAL DEPT FOR CWG:LGALLINI RADIATION PROTECTION AUTHORITIES CONCERNED. E.O. 12356: N/A - THE SOVIET SIDE STATED THAT THE ACCIDENT WILL TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, IAEA, UR NOT AFFECT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NUCLEAR POWER SUBJECT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS CONFERENCE: DEVELOPMENT PLANS IN THE SOVIET UNION. - MOSCOW, MAY 9. 1986 - WAYS OF FURTHER IMPROVING NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY REF: GALLINI-BEALL TELCON, 9 MAY 86 WERE DISCUSSED AS WELL AS INTERNATIONAL MEASURES WHICH MAY BE USEFULLY DEVELOPED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK 1. FOLLOWING IS COMMUNIQUE ISSUED AT CLOSE OF OF THE IAEA IN ORDER TO MINIMIZE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES DG HANS BLIX VISIT TO THE USSR DATED MAY 9, 1986. OF NUCLEAR POWER ACCIDENTS. BOTH PARTIES NOTED THAT SUCH MEASURES MAY INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TIMELY WARNING MECHANISM ON RADIOACTIVITY RELEASES WHICH COULD 2. BEGIN QUOTE: AFFECT AREAS BEYOND NATIONAL BOUNDARIES, PROVISION OF INFORMATION ON BACKGROUND LEVEL OF RADIOACTIVITY AND - ON THE INVITATION FOR THE USSR GOVERNMENT THE THE INTRODUCTION OF POSSIBLE ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR FACILITIES FOR THE PREVENTION AGENCY (IAEA) H. BLIX VISITED THE SOVIET UNION FROM OF ACCIDENTS AND REDUCING THEIR CONSEQUENCES. 5 TO 9 MAY 1986. BT - HE WAS ACCOMPANIED BY THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR- GENERAL L.V. KONSTANTINOV AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE NUCLEAR SAFETY DIVISION M. ROSEN. - BLIX AND THE ACCOMPANYING HIM IAEA SPECIALISTS WERE RECEIVED BY THE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN OF THE USSR COUNCIL OF MINISTERS B.E. SHERBINA, AT THE USSR MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND AT THE USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR THE UTILIZATION OF ATOMIC ENERGY. - IN THE COURSE OF THE VISIT H. BLIX AND THE SPECIALISTS ACCOMPANYING HIM WERE PROVIDED INFOR- MATION PERTAINING TO THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION (NPS). WAYS OF FURTHER ENHANCING NUCLEAR POWER SAFETY BY STRENGTHENED INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND INCREASING THE IAEA ROLE IN THIS AREA WERE DISCUSSED. - THE SOVIET EXPERTS GAVE THE IAEA REPRESENTATIVES DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT THE ACCIDENT AT THE UNIT 4 OF THE CHERNOBYL NPS AND ABOUT THE MEASURES TAKEN FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACCIDENT. UNCI ASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7868 DTG: 091844Z MAY 86 PSN: 031755 E0B700 AN006819 TOR: 129/1906Z CSN:HCE771 THE ACCIDENT AND ARE BEING STUDIED. DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 SOMM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /005 A2 - THE EXPLOSIONS CAUSED FIRE. THE REACTOR BUILDING, EQUIPMENT IN IT, THE REACTOR ITSELF AND THE REACTOR CORE WERE EXTENSIVELY DAMAGED RESULTING IN RADIOACTIVE WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: RELEASES BEYOND THE NUCLEAR POWER STATION AREA. SIT: EOB: - THE CHAIN REACTION AUTOMATICALLY STOPPED AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT. THIS IS CONFIRMED BY THE FACT THAT MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF PERSONS AFFECTED SHOWED NO EVIDENCE OF HIGH NEUTRON FLUX EXPOSURE. OP IMMED STU3065 - A LARGE PART OF THE RADIOACTIVE RELEASES DE RUEHMO #7868/02 1291849 CONSISTS OF THE EMISSION OF SHORT-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES. 0 091844Z MAY 86 MEASUREMENTS INDICATE THAT UP TO 50 PERCENT OF THE FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW EMISSIONS WERE IN THE FORM OF IODINE 131. TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4596 - FIRE TEAMS CAME QUICKLY TO THE SITE. WORK WAS COMPLICATED BY THE FACT THAT NEITHER WATER NOR INFO UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE CHEMICALS COULD BE USED. FIREMEN AND SOME NUCLEAR EASTERN EUROPEAN POSTS POWER STATION PERSONNEL WERE AMONG THOSE INJURED USIA WASHDC 4647 BY RADIATION. MOST RESIDENTS IN ADJACENT AREAS WERE INDOORS AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT THUS UNCLAS SECTION 02 OF 03 MOSCOW 07868 REDUCING THEIR EXPOSURE. - IN THE EARLY MORNING OF THE 26TH OF APRIL DEPT FOR CWG:LGALLINI MONITORING EQUIPMENT REGISTERED INCREASED RADIO- ACTIVITY AND REPORTED THIS. E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, IAEA, UR - EVACUATION BEGAN ON THE 27TH OF APRIL, STARTING SUBJECT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS CONFERENCE: WITH WOMEN AND CHILDREN. UP TO 000 PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM CHERNOBYL AND OTHER LOCATIONS WITHIN - BOTH PARTIES STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF IAEA A 30 KILOMETER RADIUS. ACTIVITIES, THOSE DIRECTED TO NUCLEAR SAFETY AS WELL AS THOSE DIRECTED TO ENSURE A TOTALLY PEACEFUL UTILIZATION OF NUCLEAR POWER. - AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE POTASSIUM IODINE TABLETS WERE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED INSIDE AS WELL AS OUTSIDE END TEXT (COMMUNIQUE). THE 30KM ZONE. - 204 PERSONS INCLUDING NUCLEAR POWER STATION 3. FOLLOWING STATEMENT WAS READ BY IAEA OFFICIAL PERSONNEL AND FIRE FIGHTERS, WERE AFFECTED BY MORRIS ROSEN AFTER PRESENTATION OF THE COMMUNIQUE. RADIATION FROM 1ST DEGREE TO 4TH DEGREE, 18 PERSONS BEING IN THE 4TH DEGREE. ALL 204 PERSONS WERE HOSPITALIZED IN MOSCOW AND TREATED MEDICALLY. IN 4. BEGIN TEXT: SOME CASES BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS WERE PERFORMED. BT - A FULL AND AUTHORITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCIDENT, THE REASONS FOR IT AND CONSEQUENCES OF IT CAN ONLY BE GIVEN BY THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES AFTER NECESSARY ANALYSIS. WE HAVE, HOWEVER, PREPARED THE FOLLOWING BRIEF DESCRIPTION WHICH IS BASED UPON WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED FROM A NUMBER OF TALKS WITH MINISTERS, OFFICIALS CONCERNED AND EXPERTS AND TO SOME EXTENT FROM OUR OWN VISUAL OBSERVATIONS DURING A HELICOPTER FLIGHT AROUND THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT. MANY OF THE FACTS GIVEN HERE HAVE BEEN MADE PUBLIC EARLIER. - ON THE 26TH OF APRIL AT 1:23 A.M. EXPLOSIONS OCCURRED IN THE FOURTH UNIT OF THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER STATION. AT THAT TIME THE REACTOR WHICH WAS UNDERGOING A PLANNED MAINTENANCE SHUT-DOWN WAS AT 7 PERCENT POWER LEVEL. AS A RESULT OF THE EXPLOSION TWO PERSONS LOST THEIR LIVES, ONE FROM HOT STEAM BURNS, THE OTHER OF INJURIES FROM FALLING OBJECTS. so FAR THERE ARE ONLY HYPOTHESES REGARDING THE SPECIFIC REASONS FOR THE ACCIDENT. RESEARCH AND DETAILED ANALYSIS ARE UNDER WAY. RECORDS OF DATA FROM THE CONTROL ROOM WERE RECOVERED AFTER UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7868 DTG:091844Z MAY 86 PSN:031759 EOB702 AN006818 TOR: 129/1907Z CSN:HCE772 - WE HAVE SEEN FROM THE AIR THE SITE OF THE DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 SOMM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /005 A2 CHERNOBYL ATOMIC POWER STATION. THE IAEA DIRECTOR- GENERAL SAID IN AN INTERVIEW TO THE SOVIET TELEVISION. WE HAVE ALSO SEEN THAT VAST WORK IS WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: BEING DONE TO KEEP THE REACTOR UNDER CONTROL. SIT: COMPETENT PERSONS HAVE TOLD US ABOUT THE WORK EOB: BEING DONE. - IT IS APPARENT THAT VERY VAST WORK HAS BEEN DONE OVER THE PAST FORTNIGHT AND THAT IT WAS OP IMMED SUCCESSFUL, THE IAEA DIRECTOR-GENERAL NOTED. WE STU3067 HOPE THAT THE SITUATION WILL BE STABILIZING. DE RUEHMO #7868/03 1291850 END TEXT. 0 091844Z MAY 86 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW HARTMAN BT TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4597 INFO UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE EASTERN EUROPEAN POSTS USIA WASHDC 4648 UNCLAS SECTION 03 OF 03 MOSCOW 07868 DEPT FOR CWG: LGALLINI E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, IAEA, UR SUBJECT: IAEA DG BLIX PRESS CONFERENCE: - THE RADIOACTIVE RELEASES FROM THE DAMAGED UNIT HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED BY SHIELDING AND NEUTRON ABSORBING MATERIAL - SAND, BORON, CLAY, DOLOMITE AND LEAD - DROPPED FROM HELICOPTERS OVER THE REACTOR RESULTING IN DECREASING RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS IN THE 30 KM ZONE. - NECESSARY SHIFT PERSONNEL WORK ON THE SITE TO KEEP THE UNDAMAGED REACTORS IN SAFE SHUT-DOWN CONDITION. THE THIRD REACTOR ADJACENT TO THE FOURTH, WAS NOT DAMAGED IN THE ACCIDENT, AND ITS SAFETY SYSTEMS FOR COOLING ARE FUNCTIONING. - THE DAMAGED REACTOR SUFFERED SOME FIRE IN PARTS OF THE GRAPHITE. THESE FIRES HAVE BEEN EXTINGUISHED BUT TEMPERATURES REMAIN HIGH. RECRITICALITY IS NOT CONSIDERED A PROBLEM. THE AIM IS TO ENCASE THE WHOLE FOURTH UNIT IN CONCRETE AND WORK HAS BEGUN TO PLACE A CONCRETE FOUNDATION UNDER THE REACTOR. - ALTHOUGH NO SYSTEMATIC DATA ON RADIATION LEVELS WERE MADE AVAILABLE, SOME VALUES WERE GIVEN. MAXIMUM RADIATION LEVEL WITHIN THE 30KM ZONE HAS BEEN 10-15 MILLIREM/HOUR. BY THE 5TH OF MAY IT HAD DECREASED TO 2-3 MILLIREM/HOUR. ON THE 8TH OF MAY IT HAD DROPPED TO A MAXIMUM OF 0.15 AT THE PERIMETER OF THE ZONE. THE LEVEL OF RADIOACTIVITY IN KIEV'S WATER RESERVOIR WAS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS AT ALL TIMES. END TEXT. 5. TASS ISSUED THE FOLLOWING RELEASE MAY 8: BEGIN TEXT: DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA) HANS BLIX, TODAY VISITED THE AREA OF THE CHERNOBYL ATOMIC POWER STATION, CENTRAL TELEVISION OF THE USSR REPORTED. UNCLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL TIME STAMP EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT STAFFING DOCUMENT SYSTEM LOG NUMBER: 3535 add-on 86 MAY 9 A 7: 23 ACTION OFFICER: **FOR RECORD PURPOSES ONLY** DUE: Prepare Memo For President Prepare Memo McDaniel to Chew Prepare Memo For Poindexter / Fortier Prepare Memo McDaniel to Elliott Prepare Memo to CONCURRENCES/COMMENTS* PHONE* to action officer at ext. FYI FYI FYI Burghardt Levine Sachs Cannistraro Linhard X Sestanovich Childress Mahley Sigur Cobb Major Small Covey Mandel Sommer Danzansky X Matlock Soos deGraffenreid May Stark Djerejian Menges Steiner Dobriansky Miller Tahir-Kheli Donley North Teicher Douglass Platt Thompson Grimes X X Pugliaresi Tillman Hughes Raymond Wigg Kraemer Reger Wright Laux Ringdahl Lenczowski Sable INFORMATION X McDaniel XI Pearson Secretariat X Rodman Lehman Poindexter (advance) Fortier (advance) COMMENTS Return to Secretariat S/S 8614444 13 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 #3535 SECRET May 8, 1986 MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Chernobyl Reactor Update Status of Reactor Site Yesterday's concern over a fire in reactor 3 was probably misplaced: smoke was reportedly observed coming from an adjacent building yesterday, but today's imagery does not confirm earlier reading of a fire at or near reactor 3. The Soviets appear to have shut down reactor 3, and cooldown is proceeding. The situation at unit 4 continues as before. Vapor continues to rise from the reactor, and there is still tremendous heat in the core despite Soviet efforts to choke it with sand. The major Soviet concern now seems to be that heat in the core of unit 4 could melt through its concrete base, possibly leading to a major steam explosion and contamination of ground water, but no major release of radiation into the atmosphere. Whatever the outcome, the Soviets face an enormous, unprecedented cleanup operation, and are seeking additional ideas from abroad on how to handle the problem. Soviet Activities Reports from several Western sources support media claims of many voluntary departures from Kiev: a Canadian diplomat there May 7 reported a sense of "disquiet" in the city; other reports indicate extra trains and planes are being made available for people wishing to leave the city; increased security is reported in Moscow around trains arriving from Kiev to prevent Western news teams filming. Soviet Academy of Science Vice President Velikhov said that decontamination teams tunneled under the damaged reactor, evidently to lay a base of boron to try to shut down the reaction. He said the incident presented problems unique in the history of the nuclear power industry, and that the Soviets were mounting an offensive to fully neutralize, or deaden, the reactor. SECRET DECLASSIFIED DECL: OADR NLRR F06-114/8#10469 BY nos NARA DATE 9/30/08 14 SECRET Soviet MFA organized press pool to visit Kiev May 8, return to Moscow May 9. West Germany reported it was lending two special robots to Soviets to help survey damage. Floyd Culler has confirmed that he will accompany Armand Hammer to Moscow Monday (not for public release). IAEA Director General Blix will brief Culler prior to his departure. We hope Culler will be able to carry on Blix's dialogue with the Soviets. Hammer's people informed us that Doctor Gale plans to remain in Moscow 30 days. His team has identified 33 patients for bone marrow transplant operations, and anticipates more will be selected later. The team is presently doing two operations per day. The Soviets indicate that they do not need more foreign specialists. IAEA DG's Trip to Moscow IAEA Director General Blix flew over Chernobyl today and reported that the damaged reactor is still emitting smoke. His trip to Moscow is scheduled to end Friday. Blix plans press conferences Friday in Moscow and on his return to Vienna. He also has scheduled a debrief on the trip for IAEA mission representatives in Vienna Monday afternoon. A high-ranking IAEA source (U.S. national) confirms that the trip is going well. The media are quoting Soviet sources as saying the USSR agreed "in principle" to placing an IAEA continuous radiological measuring station at Chernobyl. Health Information To assure our personnel that their food supplies are safe, FDA will measure radioactivity levels in foodstuffs submitted by Soviet and East European posts. The World Health Organization says that assuming no further major release, the risk to the public has passed and the public can resume normal activities and diet. WHO believes testing measures adopted by European countries will screen out contaminated food, making precautions unnecessary. Restrictions are justified only for products from the contaminated area near the accident and areas of enhanced contamination from rainfall. SECRET SECRET American Citizen Welfare The travel advisory recommending against travel to Kiev and adjacent areas remains in effect. Public inquiries continue at a high level, with most calls concerning the advisability of travel to Europe and suggested public health precautions. We continue to urge travelers to employ the measures suggested by PHS, and to check with our embassies and consulates for local public health recommendations Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary SECRET CONFIDENTIAL 16 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL TIME STAMP EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT STAFFING DOCUMENT SYSTEM LOG NUMBER: 3535 add-on 86 MAY 8 A 31 7 ACTION OFFICER: **FOR RECORD PURPOSES ONLY** DUE: Prepare Memo For President Prepare Memo McDaniel to Chew Prepare Memo For Poindexter / Fortier Prepare Memo McDaniel to Elliott Prepare Memo to CONCURRENCES/COMMENTS* PHONE* to action officer at ext. FYI FYI FYI Burghardt Levine Sachs Cannistraro Linhard Sestanovich Childress Mahley Sigur Cobb Major Small Covey Mandel Sommer Danzansky Matlock Soos deGraffenreid May Stark Djerejian Menges Steiner Dobriansky Miller Tahir-Kheli Donley North Teicher Douglass Platt Thompson Grimes Pugliaresi Tillman Hughes Raymond Wigg Kraemer Reger Wright Laux Ringdahl Lenczowski Sable INFORMATION McDaniel Pearson Secretariat Rodman Lehman Poindexter (advance) Fortier (advance) COMMENTS DECLASSIFIED By While as House Guideilnes, NARA, Date August 7/29/02 1997 CONFIDENTIAL Return to Secretariat 17 S/S 8614359 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 CONFIDENTIAL May 7, 1986 MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/8#10470 BY LOT NARA DATE 9/30/08 SUBJECT: Chernobyl Reactor Update Status of Chernobyl Reactor Site The damaged reactor four is still emitting smoke/vapor. Soviet technicians are working at the site. The town of Chernobyl is now evacuated, and no new evacuations have been detected. Intelligence indicates there is a problem at reactor three: a fire has been detected at or near it. The Soviets appear to be responding to this situation. We have cabled Stockholm and Bonn to ask host governments for information they may have on reactor three's status. Soviet Activities Soviets have approached Swedish nuclear scientists with questions which suggest a worsening situation in reactor three that could result in another emission of radiation. The Swedes directed the Soviets to the West German Institute at Karslruhe which has done research in this area. Soviet press conference statement yesterday, indicating that reactor three requires "careful technical examination", and prior statements alluding to "complicated" situation increase concern over possible reactor three problems. We have instructed Embassy Moscow to ask the Foreign Ministry to provide up to date information on the condition of each reactor, especially reactor three due to its proximity to the damaged reactor. Armand Hammer, who will travel Moscow Monday for the Soviet opening of his exchange of art exhibitions, has invited respected atomic energy expert and former deputy director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory Floyd Culler to accompany him. Culler's visit, like that of bone marrow specialist Dr. Gale, would be privately arranged between Hammer's organization and Soviet authorities. USG Teams in Europe USG teams at our missions in the USSR and Eastern Europe have been instructed to remain in place given the continuing uncertainties regarding the Chernobyl reactor site. CONFIDENTIAL DECL: OADR CONFIDENTIAL American Citizen Welfare The travel advisory for Kiev and surrounding area remains in effect. Public inquiries remain steady, averaging 30-35 calls per hour. U.S. citizens traveling to affected areas continue to be advised of precautionary measures put out by the United States Public Health Service. for Nicholas Bonckmilay Platt Executive Secretary CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL 19 TIME STAMP EXACU 3 SECRETARIAT STAFFING DOCUMENT 86 MAY 6 All: 43 SYSTEM LOG NUMBER: 3535 ADD-ON ACTION OFFICER: MATLOCK DUE: MAY 8, 1986 Prepare Memo For President Prepare Memo McDaniel to Chew Prepare Memo/For Poindexter / Fortier Prepare Memo McDaniel to Elliott Prepare Memo to CONCURRENCES/COMMENTS* PHONE* to action officer at ext. 5112 FYI FYI FYI Burghardt Levine Sachs Cannistraro Linhard Sestanovich Childress Mahley Sigur Cobb Major Small Covey Mandel Sommer Danzansky Matlock Soos deGraffenreid May Stark Djerejian Menges Steiner Dobriansky Miller Tahir-Kheli Donley North Teicher Douglass Platt Thompson Grimes X Pugliaresi Tillman Hughes Raymond Wigg Kraemer Reger Wright Laux Ringdahl Lenczowski Sable INFORMATION McDaniel X Pearson Secretariat Rodman Lehman Poindexter (advance) Fortier (advance) COMMENTS DECLASSIFIED White Nouse CAS Guidelines, August 28, 1997 By NARA, Date 7/29/02 CONFIDENTIAL Return to Secretariat S/S 8614155 20 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 CONFIDENTIAL May 5, 1986 MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Update on Chernobyl Incident Status of Chernobyl Site May 5 imagery shows continuing smoke or vapor being emitted from unit 4. These continuing emissions indicate that unit 4 is still hot enough to discharge radioactive materials into the atmosphere, albeit in decreasing amounts. The emissions also indicate that the Soviets have not yet sealed the damaged reactor, despite their claims they have succeeded in doing so. The cooling water intake pond for units 3 and 4 appears completely dry. Since unit 3 is not yet completely cooled down, it presumably is being cooled by some alternative means, perhaps through a tie-in with the intake pond for units 1 and 2 or a direct feed from the primary pumphouse. However, we can think of no safety-related reason for emptying the intake ponds, and are concerned that the drying up of the pond could be a sign of a problem with unit 3. Some cooling is, of course, needed to remove residual heat from even a shutdown RBMK reactor's core. If there is a problem with unit 3's core cooling, the Soviets have two to four days to work out solutions. Approximately 400 of the 500 buses seen yesterday in Chernobyl have left, suggesting that the weekend visit of Politburo members may have spurred additional evacuation activity. Readings in Japan Iodine 131 levels in rainwater collected May 4 in Japan are not considered dangerous. Rainwater readings were 1700 picocuries/liter (pcl) in Tokyo and 13,300 pcl at Narita. Soviet Activity The site visit by Politburo members Ligachev, Ryzhkov, and Scherbitskiy was clearly designed to illustrate that the situation is under control and to allay fears, but the evacuation of nearby areas appears to have stepped up following their inspection. DECLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL DECL: OADR NLRR F06-114/8#10466 BY LDT NARA DATE 9/30/08 CONFIDENTIAL 21 -2- USG Teams in Affected Areas Further readings in Warsaw, Bucharest, and Moscow confirm our initial assessment that radioactivity levels there present no significant health concerns at this time, but we need more data on radiation exposure levels in Poland before lifting our recommendation against travel by women of child-bearing age and children. Potential Effects on U.S. Very low levels of radioactivity were detected at 30,000 feet off the West Coast this morning by the Air Force. Measure- ments of radioactivity above the Pacific indicate that radio- active debris has entered the jet stream and is traveling toward the U.S. at 120 to 150 miles per hour, at an approximate altitude of 30,000 feet. EPA predicts that in general radiation levels will be low. Areas of the U.S. experiencing rain from high altitude will begin to show radioactivity levels above background which are expected nevertheless to remain within safe limits. for Nicholas Pomckinley Platt Executive Secretary CONFIDENTIAL 22 CONF IDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7859 DTG: 091007Z MAY 86 PSN: 030911 EOB882 AN006458 TOR: 129/1036Z CSN: HCE523 SOME SECOND-CLASS SLEEPER CARS APPEARED ALMOST FULL OF YOUNG CHILDREN. THE ATMOSPHERE WAS ONE OF CALM, DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 AND PEOPLE WERE GOING ABOUT THEIR BUSINESS. WHILE /006 A2 PASSENGERS DISEMBARKING FROM THE L'VOV AND BUCHAREST TRAINS APPEARED TO BE A MORE NORMAL MIX, CERTAIN CARS, PROBABLY ADDED ON IN KIEV, WERE AGAIN MOSTLY FILLED WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: WITH WOMEN, CHILDREN, AND ELDERLY PEOPLE. A SPECIAL SIT: SIT TRAIN ARRIVING FROM KIEV AT 1055, WHICH WAS OBSERVED EOB: BY MILATT, CONTAINED 22 CARS PASSENGERS WERE ABOUT 45-50 PERCENT CHILDREN OF ALL AGES, AND ABOUT 80 PERCENT WOMEN AND CHILDREN. OP IMMED COMMENT: IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO EXPLAIN THESE STU1393 "CHILDREN TRAINS" OTHER THAN A DE FACTO EVACUATION. DE RUEHMO #7859/01 1291009 WHILE THIS IS A THREE-DAY WEEKEND--AND IN FACT, SOME 0 091007Z MAY 86 BE-MEDALLED VETERANS WERE DISEMBARKING FROM THE FM AMEMBASS) MOSCOW TRAINS-- LAST WEEKEND WITH A FOUR-DAY BREAK IN HONOR OF MAY FIRST WAS "THE" BIG SOVIET SPRING TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4584 HOLIDAY. CONSIDERING THE CLEAR ABSENCE OF TEENAGERS AND MALE ADULTS, IT'S NOT AS IF SCHOOL HAD BEEN LET INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 7326 OUT YET IN KIEV AND FAMILIES WERE COMING TO MOSCOW FOR USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4644 A VACATION. THE KIEVSKIY STATION SCENE TOGETHER AMEMBASSY BERLIN IMMEDIATE 8016 WITH CONVERSATIONS EMBOFF OVERHEARD ABOUT OTHER AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1584 FAMILY MEMBERS TRAVELING TO VILLAGES, GIVES THE AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1473 IMPRESSION OF AN ANXIETY-DRIVEN EXODUS. END COMMENT. AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0306 AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2413 - AUSTRIAN SAMPLES FINALLY ARRIVE FROM ZHLOBIN AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2833 AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5193 AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1137 3. THE AUSTRIAN EMBASSY REPORTS THAT THE AUSTRIAN AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2433 CONSTRUCTION WORKERS AT ZHLOBIN FINALLY PUT THEIR AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2111 FEET DOWN AND DECLARED THEY WOULD NOT CONTINUE AMEMBASSY SOF IA IMMEDIATE 1361 WORKING UNLESS THEY WERE ALLOWED TO SEND FOOD, WATER AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3512 AND SOIL SAMPLES BACK TO VIENNA FOR ANALYSIS. THE AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3715 UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE SOVIET OFFICIALS ON THE SCENE FINALLY RELENTED, USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE AND A CAR WAS LOADED WITH SAMPLES AND DISPATCHED TO THE AUSTRIAN EMBASSY IN MOSCOW. ON THE WAY, CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 07859 THE AUSTRIAN DRIVER SUFFERED RELENTLESS HARASSMENT, INCLUDING NUMEROUS PUNCTURED TIRES AND SEVERAL MILITIA CHECKS, WHICH GAVE THE AUSTRIANS THE IMPRESSION FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY NOT EVERYONE IN THE SOVIET BUREAUCRACY AGREED WITH THE DECISION TO LET THE SAMPLES OUT. HOWEVER, E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR THEY FINALLY REACHED MOSCOW AND HAVE BEEN SENT TO TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR VIENNA. SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 18 BT - AS OF 0800 GMT, MAY 9 REF: MOSCOW 7850 1. ENTIRE TEXT. SCENE AT KIEVSKIY STATION, MAY 9 2. SCIOFFS AND TWO MILATTS OBSERVED FOUR TRAINS ARRIVING IN MOSCOW FROM KIEV, L'VOV AND BUCHAREST BETWEEN 0900 AND 0945 LOCAL TIME MAY 9. (THE LATTER TWO TRAINS PASSED THROUGH KIEV.) PASSENGERS ON THE TWO KIEV TRAINS WERE AGAIN MOSTLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN; EMBOFFS ESTIMATE ABOUT 35 PERCENT OF PASSENGERS WERE SMALL CHILDREN WITH A TOTAL OF ABOUT 70 PERCENT DECLASSIFIED WOMEN AND CHILDREN. FEW TEENAGERS OR PRE-TEENS WERE OBSERVED. A LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE MET THE TRAINS. MANY OF THE WOMEN WERE TRAVELING IN GROUPS. NLRR F06-114/8#1047 OTHERS WERE BEING MET BY PARENTS, GRANDPARENTS, UNCLES/AUNTS, OR FRIENDS. SEVERAL UNACCOMPANIED CHILDREN WERE OBSERVED BEING MET BY GRANDPARENTS/ BY LOS NARA DATE 9/30/08 UNCLES OR BEING ESCORTED BY TRAIN STEWARDESSES. CONF IDENTIAL CONF DENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7859 DTG: 091007Z MAY 86 PSN: 030914 EOB883 AN006457 TOR: 129/1037Z CSN:HCE524 TO SAY HIS TROUPE HAD BEEN "RADIATED" WHILE IN KIEV. HE EVEN CLAIMED HIS HAIR WAS STARTING TO DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 FALL OUT. COMMENT: BOTH WE AND OUR SOURCE /006 A2 BELIEVE THIS EXAGGERATED, BUT IT DOES SHOW HOW THE ACCIDENT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ARE SPREADING FEAR THROUGH THE POPULATION. END COMMENT. HARTMAN WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: BT SIT: SIT EOB: OP IMMED STU1396 DE RUEHMO #7859/02 1291010 0 091007Z MAY 86 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4585 INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 7327 USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4645 AMEMBASSY BERLIN IMMEDIATE 8017 AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1585 AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1474 AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0307 AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2414 AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2834 AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5194 AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1138 AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2434 AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2112 AMEMBASSY SOFIA IMMEDIATE 1362 AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3513 AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3716 UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE CONF IDENTIAL SECTION 02 OF 02 MOSCOW 07859 FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL' NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 18 - FRG EMBASSY: LEVELS NORMAL 4. THE FRG EMBASSY REPORTS THEIR MAY 8 MEASUREMENT IN MOSCOW SHOWED "NORMAL" RADIATION LEVELS. THE GERMANS REPORT NO SUCCESS IN TRACKING DOWN INFORMATION ON REPORTS CONCERNING PROBLEMS WITH CHERNOBYL' REACTOR THREE. - CHERNIGOV CLOSED? 5. AN UNOFFICIAL SOVIET CONTACT WITH RELATIVES IN THE AREA HAS TOLD EMBOFF THAT THE CITY OF CHERNIGOV HAS ALLEGEDLY BEEN CLOSED TO ALL EXCEPT THOSE WITH ESSENTIAL BUSINESS. ROADBLOCKS HAVE BEEN SET UP ON ROADS LEADING TO THE CITY, HE REPORTS, AND TRAIN TICKETS ARE NOT BEING SOLD. THE SOURCE BELIEVES AN EVACUATION OF THE CITY MAY BE PLANNED. THE SAME SOURCE REPORTED, WITHOUT GIVING IT MUCH CREDENCE, THAT AN ACTOR FRIEND HAD CALLED HIM FRANTICALLY CONF IDENTIAL 24 8614553 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 3535 May 9, 1986 SECRET MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Update on Chernobyl Reactor Accident Status of Reactor Site May 9 imagery shows smoke/vapor continuing to emanate from reactor 4, but no evidence of smoke near reactor 3. A Soviet press statement said the roof of the building housing reactor 3 had caught fire earlier, but was extinguished. The latest imagery also shows continued vehicular and earth-moving activity. There are no signs of "tunneling" under unit 4. Activities in the Soviet Union IAEA Nuclear Safety Division Director Morris Rosen announced at the conclusion of IAEA Director General Blix's Moscow visit that the fire is out in unit four and that the Soviets are now working to prevent a core melt in that reactor. According to Rosen, the Soviets agreed to provide IAEA with daily readings from radiation monitors at the site and along their western frontier. Rosen also said that due to the blast 204 people suffering from radiation exposure -- 18 of whom suffer from fourth degree (the worst) -- are in hospitals in Moscow. The NRC has offered the Soviets technical expertise and analytical techniques to aid them in dealing with the potential contamination of ground and surface water should reactor four's core penetrate its concrete base and enter underlying soil. Effects Outside the Soviet Union We are no longer recommending that women of child-bearing age and children under sixteen defer travel to Poland. Data, including that collected in the past week by an EPA radiation specialist in Poland, indicate that radiation levels in the air currently pose no hazard. No Embassy dependents accepted our offer of voluntary departure. Data reported from other countries through our posts or directly to the NRC do not indicate that a health hazard exists. Travelers continue to be advised to exercise food precautions and be mindful of the advice of local authorities. DECLASSIFIED Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary NLRR F06 714/8#10467 BY LOS NARA DATE 9/30/08 SECRET Environmental Public Affairs (A-107) 25 EPA Soviet Nuclear MATLOCK Accident F.le: FOR RELEASE: FRIDAY, MAY 9, 1986 A Task Force Report CONTACT: DAVE COHEN (202) 382-4355 The first results from the U.S. milk monitoring network show no detected radioactivity in any sample. Sample collection dates and locations are as follows: May 7 - Atlanta, Georgia; St. Louis, Missouri; May 6 - Portland, Maine; Concord, New Hampshire; Louisville, Kentucky; Tampa, Florida; Baltimore, Maryland; San Francisco, California; Seattle, Washington; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Kansas City, Missouri; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Las Vegas, Nevada; Charleston, West Virginia; Laramie, Wyoming; Charleston, South Carolina; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; May 5 - Manchester, New Hampshire; Portland, Oregon; Salt Lake City, Utah; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Hartford, Connecticut; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois; Witchita, Kansas; Indianopolis, Indiana; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Omaha, Nebraska; Charlotte, North Carolina; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Chattanooga, Tennessee; Rapid City, South Dakota; Des Moines, Iowa; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Knoxville, Tennessee; May 4 - Spokane, Washington; May 1 - Iowa City, Iowa; April 30 - Montpelier, Vermont. Yesterday's Task Force Report identified trace radioactivity in air samples collected May 6 in Denver, Colorado and Cheyenne, Wyoming. Air samples collected in these two cities on May 7 show radiation levels have returned to normal background. All other EPA air particulate samples show no increase above normal background levels. DOE has reported that an air sample from Richland, Washington collected on May 8 showed traces of iodine-131 (0.165 pCi/m³), tellurium-132 (0.02 pCi/m³), ruthenium-103 (0.02 pCi/m³) and cesium-137 (0.028 pCi/m³). In addition to the results of rainwater analyses contained in previous Task Force Reports, two additional EPA rainwater samples have been found to contain iodine-131. The sample collected in Portland, Oregon on May 5 contained 460 pCi/1, representing a deposition of 138 pCi/m 2 The sample collected in Idaho Falls, Idaho on May 6 contained 120 pCi/1, representing a deposition of 38.4 pCi/m 2 These levels are similar to those reported in previous reports and pose no danger to the public. All other EPA rainwater samples analyzed since the last report show no activity detected. DOE has reported that two rainwater samples collected at (more) 26 -2- Idaho Falls, Idaho on May 8 showed 113 pCi/1 and 620 pCi/1 of iodine-131 and 24 pCi/1 and 130 pCi/1 of molybdinum-99. The State of New York has reported that two rainwater samples collected May 7 contained 36 pCi/1 and 90 pCi/1 of iodine-131. The Task Force will include in its daily update results reported to it by state agencies. There may be additional results from these agencies that have not yet been reported to the Task Force. Secretary of Agriculture Richard Lyng notes that the Commodity Credit Corp. has large inventories of non-fat dry milk which could be made available or donated under certain circumstances to replace milk which is being discarded in countries affected by the Chernobyl nuclear accident. The latest information available on the reactor is that the number four unit may still be smoldering. We have no confirmation of late reports that the smoldering has been extinguished. We also have no reason currently to suspect problems at the number three unit, although we repeat that any time a reactor must be brought to a "cold shutdown" there are inherent rísks, and we will continue to monitor the entire facility. We do believe that there is remedial activity taking place under the number four reactor, but the exact scope and nature of that activity remains unclear. Both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service have routine procedures in place to monitor food from foreign countries. Working with U.S. Customs Bureau officials, the agencies are now giving particular attention, as a result of the nuclear accident at Chernobyl April 25-26, to products originating in Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Germany, Finland, Hungary, Japan, Norway, Poland, the Soviet Union, Sweden and West Germany. Countries may be added to or removed from the list as further data are obtained. FDA has increased monitoring and analysis of these country's fresh dairy products (soft unripened cheese, for example), fresh fruit and vegetables and fresh fish for radioactive contamination. Countries exporting meat and poultry products to the United States are being provided special procedures by the Food Safety and Inspection Service for monitoring before shipment to the United States. If sampling and testing of foods, or other information, present a concern to either agency about a product from a country, all shipments of other products will be automatically detained and analyzed before they are released. The most recent Canadian rainwater and milk samples show no increase in radiation above normal background levels. (more) 27 -3- - The Task Force has received a very large number of questions about the precise location of the radioactivity in the air at various altitudes above ground level and the predicted movement of this radioactivity across the United States. By now, the releases from the Chernobyl accident have become so dispersed that exact forecasting is not possible. We will continue to monitor air, water, and milk for increased radiation levels. We expect that any increases will be comparable to the low levels already seen. Preliminary interpretation of May 8 LANDSAT data indicate that the "hotspot" at the Chernobyl number four reactor is no longer apparent. A full analysis will be available early next week by LANDSAT. Revised advice on tourist travel to Poland: The State Department is no longer recommending that women of child bearing age and children defer travels to Poland. Data, including that collected in the past week, by an EPA expert in Poland, indicate that radiation levels in the air currently pose no health hazard. However, the U.S. Public Health Service continues to urge certain health precautions for travelers in the countries affected. Information on these precautions is available from U.S. embassies and consulates in the region. The EPA Press Office will be open for reporters' calls on the Chernobyl nuclear accident from 10:00 a.m. to noon EDT over the weekend of May 10-11. The Press Office also will issue an updated report on the accident on those days. # # # 28 AIR SAMPLING DATA 5/8/86 Gross Beta Act Sampling Station Date Started Date Removed (pci/m**3) Gamma Emitter (pci/m**3) Lab Field ALBANY, NY 4/22/86 4/29/86 0.01 <10 NASHVILLE, TN 4/29/86 4/30/86 0.01 <10 ASHFORD, AL 4/24/86 5/ 1/86 0.01 NA CHARLESTON, WV 5/ 1/86 5/ 2/86 0.00 NA IDAHO FALLS, ID 5/ 1/86 5/ 2/86 0.02 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 1/86 5/ 2/86 0.00 <10 IDAHO FALLS, ID 5/ 5/ 3/86 0.02 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 2/86 5/ 3/86 0.00 <10 MIAMI, FL 5/ 4/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 2/86 2/86 3/86 5/ 4/86 0.02 <10 IDAHO FALLS, ID 5/ 3/86 5/ 4/86 0.01 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 3/86 5/ 4/86 0.00 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 4/86 5/ 5/86 0.01 <10 MONTPELIER, VT 5/ 5/ 5/86 0.01 <10 MONTGOMERY, AL 5/ 5/ 5/86 0.02 <10 GOLDSBORO, PA 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.13 <10 BISMARCK, ND 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.02 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.02 <10 JUNEAU, AK 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.01 <10 TMI, PA 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.10 <10 TOPEKA, KS 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.23 <10 ANCHORAGE, AK 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.01 <10 PIERRE, SD 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.05 <10 MONTGOMERY, AL 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.10 <10 HARRISBURG, PA 5/ 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.09 <10 LITTLE ROCK, AR 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.04 <10 LANSING, MI 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.05 <10 SPOKANE, WA 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.02 <10 MONTPELIER, VT 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.06 <10 MINNEAPOLIS, MN 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.05 <10 SANTA FE, NM 5/ 5/ 6/86 0.06 <10 HELENA, MT 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.02 <10 PITTSBURGH, PA 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.04 <10 AUSTIN, TX 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.05 <10 HARTFORD, CT 5/ 5/86 5/ 6/86 0.05 <10 INDIANAPOLIS, IN 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.28 <10 LYNCHBURG, VA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.46 <10 AUGUSTA, ME 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.03 <10 SYRACUSE, NY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.17 <10 CHEYENNE, WY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.31 <10 MINNEAPOLIS, MN 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.10 <10 LINCOLN, NE 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.25 <10 CHICAGO, IL 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.37. <10 29 2 LITTLE ROCK, AR 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.13 <10 SALT LAKE CITY, UT 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.02 <10 LOS ANGELES, CA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.09 <10 OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.28 <10 TOLEDO, OH 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.13 <10 KNOXVILLE, TN 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.39 <10 JACKSONVILLE, FL 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.02 <10 NEW ORLEANS, LA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.07 NA --- HELENA, MT 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.16 <10 TOPEKA, KS 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.23 <10 --- MADISON, WI 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.29 <10 WILMINGTON, NC 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.03 <10 OLYMPIA, WA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.01 <10 FRANKFORT, KY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.34 <10 SPOKANE, WA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.21 <10 COLUMBUS, OH 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.39 <10 DENVER, CO 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.32 <10 BERKELEY, CA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.03 <10 JACKSON, MS 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.24 <10 PAINESVILLE, OH 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.07 <10 GOLDSBORO, PA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.40 <10 CHARLESTON, WV 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.45 <10 PHOENIX, AZ 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.10 <10 HONOLULU, HI 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.06 NA HARRISBURG, PA 5/ 6/86 5/ 0.16 <10 COLUMBIA, SC 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.17 <10 YAPHANK, NY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 IDAHO FALLS, ID 7/86 7/86 0.05 <10 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.23 <10 CHARLOTTE, NC 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.29 <10 PORTLAND, OR 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.03 <10 NEW YORK CITY, NY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.08 <10 MIAMI, FL 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.01 <10 NIAGARA FALLS, NY 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.11 <10 NASHVILLE, TN 5/ 6/86 5/ 0.31 <10 WILMINGTON, DE 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.16 <10 TMI, PA 5/ 6/86 5/ 7/86 0.30 <10 ND = Not Detected NA = Not Available 30 MILK DATA 5/7/86 Activity Station Date Collected pCi/l Manchester, NH 5/5 ND Portland, OR 5/5 ND Salt Lake City, UT 5/5 ND Grand Rapids, MI 5/5 ND Hartford, CT 5/5 ND Cincinnati, OH 5/5 ND Portland, ME 5/6 ND Chicago, IL 5/5 ND Montgomery, AL 5/6 ND Witchita, KS 5/5 ND Spokane, WA 5/4 ND Indianapolis, IN 5/5 ND Montpelier, VT 4/30 ND Concord, NH 5/6 ND Iowa City, IA 5/1 ND ND = Not Detected MILK DATA 5/8/86 Activity Station Date Collected pCi/1 Louisville, KY 5/6 ND Tampa, FL 5/6 ND Oklahoma City, OK 5/5 ND Omaha, NE 5/5 ND Charlotte, NC 5/5 ND Baltimore, MD 5/6 ND San Francisco, CA 5/6 ND Seattle, WA 5/6 ND Milwaukie, WI 5/6 ND Kansas City, MO 5/6 ND Minneapolis, MN 5/5 ND Minneapolis, MN 5/6 ND Chattanooga, TN 5/5 ND Las Vegas, NV 5/6 ND St. Louis, MO 5/7 ND Rapid City, SD 5/5 ND Des Moines, IA 5/5 ND Atlanta, GA 5/7 ND Charleston, WV 5/6 ND Philadelphia, PA 5/5 ND Laramie, WY 5/6 ND Charleston, SC 5/6 ND Knoxville, TN 5/5 ND Albequerque, NM 5/6 ND Harrisburg, PA 5/6 ND Pittsburg, PA 5/6 ND ND = Not Detected PRECIPATION DATA 5/8/86 Activity Station Date Collected pCi/1 pCi/m**2 Concord, NH 5/2 ND ND Berkeley, CA 5/4 ND ND Topeka, KS 5/6 ND ND Little Rock, AR 5/7 ND ND Idaho Falls, ID 5/5 ND ND New York City, NY 5/4 ND ND Montpelier, VT 5/6 ND ND Portland, OR 5/5 460 +/ - 67% 138 (I-131) Concord, NH 5/6 ND ND Topeka, KS 5/7 ND ND Salt Lake City, UT 5/7 ND ND Idaho Falls, ID 5/6 120 +/- 91% 38.4 (I-131) Berkeley, CA 5/7 ND ND Columbus, OH 5/7 ND ND Harrisburg, PA 5/6 ND ND Indianapolis, IN 5/7 ND ND Montpelier, VT 5/7 ND ND Augusta, ME 5/7 ND ND ND = Not Detected CONF IDENTIAL 33 WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM PAGE 01 OF 02 MOSCOW 7879 DTG: 101302Z MAY 86 PSN: 033233 SIT423 TOR: 130/1308Z DISTRIBUTION: SIT /002 MCD MATL PEAR OP IMMED STU4571 DE RUEHMO #7879 1301303 0 101302Z MAY 86 ZFF4 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW TO SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 4604 C 0 D E A MOSCOW 07879 E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: TRGY, SW, UR SUBJECT: OFFER OF AID FROM THE U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMARRLEN (NRC) REF: STATE 148483 1. 70 TO ENTIRE TEXT. 2. POLCOUNS AND SCICOUNS MADE DEMARCHE PER REFTEL HANDING OVER NON-PAPER WITH TEXT OF DETAILS, IN MAY 10 MEETING WITH MFA USA BILATERAL SECTION CHIEF SREDIN. 3. SREDIN THANKED US SIDE FOR CONCERN AND FOR INFORMATION IN NON-PAPER WHICH WOULD IMMEDIATELY BE TRANSMITTED TO APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES. HE DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/8# 10472 CONFIDENTIAL BY LOT NARA DATE 9/30/08 LUNT IDENTIAL 34 WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM PAGE 02 OF 02 MOSCOW 7879 DTG: 101302Z MAY 86 PSN: 033233 THOUGHT MANY PRIOR US QUESTIONS HAD BEEN ANSWERED IN THE MAY 9 PRESS CONFERENCE BY IAEA OFFICIALS. POLCOUNS REPLIED THAT US QUESTIONS REMAINED IN FORCE AND SREDIN SAID HE UNDERSTOOD THIS. COMBS BT CONF IDENTIAL SECREI 35 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL TIME STAMP EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT STAFFING DOCUMENT SYSTEM LOG NUMBER: 86 MAY 12 A7:23 A 23 Chermolyl 3535 add-on ACTION OFFICER: **FOR RECORD PURPOSES ONLY** DUE: Prepare Memo For President Prepare Memo McDaniel to Chew Prepare Memo For Poindexter / Fortier Prepare Memo McDaniel to Elliott Prepare Memo to CONCURRENCES/COMMENTS* PHONE* to action officer at ext. FYI FYI FYI Burghardt Levine Sachs Cannistraro Linhard x Sestanovich Childress Mahley Sigur Cobb Major Small Covey Mandel Sommer Danzansky Matlock Soos deGraffenreid May Stark Djerejian Menges Steiner Dobriansky Miller Tahir-Kheli Donley North Teicher Douglass Platt Thompson Grimes X Pugliaresi Tillman Hughes Raymond Wigg Kraemer Reger Wright Laux Ringdahl Lenczowski Sable INFORMATION McDaniel Pearson Secretariat Rodman Lehman Poindexter (advance) Fortier (advance) COMMENTS DECLASSIFIED By White CVS House Guidelines, August 23, 1997 NARA, Date 7/29/02 SECRET Return to Secretariat S/S 8614644 United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 20520 May 10, 1986 SECRET MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Chernobyl Reactor Update Status of Reactor Site Clouds and haze over the site on May 10 preclude any determination through imagery of smoke/vapor emission status. Approximately 100 vehicles are now near the reactor administration building, including 20 decontamination trucks. Major earthmoving projects continue, including at least one causeway/dam across one of the Pripyat River estuaries, probably in an attempt to prevent rainwater runoff from entering the river. Soviet-related Activities Prior to leaving Moscow, IAEA DG Hans Blix and Morris Rosen provided personal comments on Soviet handling of the incident in a private conversation with a Swedish diplomat. They indicated that their major problem was leading the Soviets out of their "blind alley" on the question of making meaningful data available to the international community. Rosen felt that the psychological unwillingness of local authorities to accept the gravity of the accident contributed to Soviet difficulties in handling the incident in its early stages. Rosen said trans-boundary radiation should not be a further problem, and that effects on the food cycle would be clearer in several months, after the first post-disaster harvest. Effects Outside the Soviet Union A EUCOM radiation monitoring expert is being sent to Helsinki Monday after our Embassy there expressed concern over early radiation readings reported in intelligence sources. We believe the early readings are erroneous in either measurement or interpretation, but prefer to send the expert to be certain. We have indications that radiation levels are dropping in most places in Europe. Many European governments have shifted their focus to longer term health effects and assessments of the implications of the accident for nuclear energy in general. DECLASSIFIED SECRET NLRR F06-114/8# 10473 BY LOJ LOJ NARA DATE 9/30/08 37 SECRET - 2 - An OECD/Nuclear Energy Agency meeting held Friday in Paris concluded that no immediate action is required on nuclear power plant safety in OECD countries; that worldwide cooperation in nuclear safety, such as that called for in the Tokyo Summit statement, is needed; and that at this stage the accident has caused no significant risk to public health in OECD countries. Possible Early IAEA Board of Governors Meeting IAEA DG Blix has received a telegram from FRG S&T Minister Riesenhuber requesting an "extraordinary meeting" of the IAEA Board of Governors next week to "deal with Chernobyl." DG Blix will consult with the Resident Representatives in his briefing to them on Monday afternoon. If an early Board meeting is called, Ambassador Kennedy is prepared to attend and would include on the U.S. delegation representatives from DOE and NRC. We are drafting U.S. positions on such questions as an expanded safety mandate for the IAEA, the possibility of additional U.S. funding for IAEA safety activities, the issue of indemnification by the Soviet Union for damages caused outside its borders, and negotiating an international convention calling for mandatory reporting on radiation releases. for Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary SECRET 38 WASHFAX RECEIPT DEPARIMENT Ur STATE DEPARTMENT OF STATE C 86 MAY 12 P7:16 B 86 2. MAY 12 P 7: 50 S/S # WHITE HOUSE MESSAGE NO. J07719 SITUATION ROOM CLASSIFICATION No. Pages FROM: birector CWG 647-1512 1516 (Officer name) (Office symboll (Extension) (Room number) MESSAGE Group DESCRIPTION lishanding Chernobyl working 16: TO: (Agency) DELIVER TO: Extension Reem-No. H- - CIA, FBIS C- WHSE MATCOCK I- M Emergy FEMA S SECDEF, JCS, NMCC F- USA NSOC G- NMIC K-1 - Ireasury FOR: CLEARANCE INFORMATION PER REQUEST COMMENT REMARKS: S/B Officer: Javires ORM DE 1760 8 ... 39 Washington. D.C. 20520 DIST. May 12, 1986 S D P E menorandun FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY JOHN D. NEGROPONTE T M SUBJECT: Disbanding Chernobyl Working Group C A H PA The Secretary has instructed that the operations INR of the Chernobyl Working Group under your direction EUR (5) be suspended effective May 12, 1986 at 1100 hours EDT OES (5) S/S-O (2) Your Working Group Director should prepare a S/S-S final Working Group report which should be hand S/S (3) delivered as an Information Memorandum to the S/S-1 Executive Secretary and S/S-I Director, Room 7516. A SOTFO copy should also be sent to S/S-O (SOTFO). This MILREP report should include a copy of the Working Group EDITOR log, copies of the Working Group Sitreps and copies L of all other pertinent Working Group documents. OC CA EB 10 Mucholes Mad PM Nicholas Platt UNA Executive Secretary CA/OCS UNA M/MO SP PA/HO NSA (LDX) TREAS (LDX) SECDEF (LDX) JCS (LDX) CIA (LDX) WHSR (LDX) NSOC (LDX) NMCC (LDX) MNIC (LDX) ENERGY (LDX) FBIS (LDX) EPA (Courier) NOAA (Courier) NRC (Courier) 40 CONF IDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 AMCONSUL LENINGRAD 1070 DTG:121310Z MAY 86 PSN:035543 EOB690 AN007231 TOR: 132/1329Z CSN:HCE390 ON SALE IN THE LENINGRAD AREA WHICH ORIGINATE IN THE UKRAINE. THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES HAVE, HOWEVER, CHECKED DISTRIBUTION: COBB-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 MAT-01 /004 A2 ESPECIALLY CLOSELY SOME VEGETABLE VENDORS FROM MOLDAVIA. THEIR PRODUCTS WERE FOUND TO HAVE NORMAL LEVELS OF RADIATION. WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: EOB: 5. THE DUTY OFFICER AT THE LENINGRAD NUCLEAR POWER STATION AT SOSNOVIY BOR REPORTS THAT ALL REACTORS "CONTINUE TO FUNCTION NORMALLY. MAGEE BT OP IMMED STU7229 DE RUFHLG #1070 1321310 0 121310Z MAY 86 FM AMCONSUL LENINGRAD TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4698 AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE 5954 CONFILENTIAL LENINGRAD 01070 E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: TRGY, KSCA, SENV, CASC, UR SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL' NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: SPECIAL MEASURES AT LENINGRAD REF: MOSCOW 7859 1. ENTIRE TEXT. 2. IN THE WAKE OF THE CHERNOBYL' DISASTER, THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES HAVE SET UP RADIATION MONITORING STATIONS AT PULKOVO AIRPORT. ONE STATION IS IN THE INTERNATIONAL BUILDING, AND IS USED TO TEST FOREIGN TOURISTS WHO HAVE BEEN IN KIEV DURING THEIR STAY AND ARE LEAVING THE SOVIET UNION FROM LENINGRAD. THE OTHER IS IN THE DOMESTIC AIRPORT. 3. ACCORDING TO OUR SOURCES, SOVIET INSISTENCE ON RADIATION CHECKS HAS CAUSED OCCASIONAL PROBLEMS. ON MAY 4, A LARGE GREEK TOUR GROUP WAS BOARDING A FLIGHT TO EASTERN EUROPE WHEN INTOURIST SUDDENLY REALIZED THE GROUP HAD BEEN IN KIEV MAY 1-3 AND HADN'T BEEN CHECKED YET. THE GREEKS WERE SHUFFLED THROUGH THE RADIATION ROOM, AND NEARLY ALL OF THEM SHOWED HIGHER THAN NORMAL RADIATION IN THEIR CLOTHING--UP TO TEN TIMES THE NORMAL LEVEL. SOVIET OFFICIALS AT FIRST REFUSED TO LET THE GREEKS LEAVE. THE CLOTHES, THEY SAID, WOULD HAVE TO BE DECONTAMINATED. THE IRATE GREEKS PROTESTED, HOWEVER, AND AT THE LAST MINUTE THE SOVIETS RELENTED, ALLOWING THEM TO BOARD THEIR PLANE. 3. POST HAS NOTED NO SPECIAL MEASURES TAKEN THUS FAR AT TRAIN STATIONS, AND NO INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF TRAINS FROM KIEV. PASSENGERS ON WEEKEND TRAINS, HOWEVER, WERE PREDOMINANTLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN. DECLASSIFIED 4. THE LENGORISPOLKOM MAIN ADMINISTRATION FOR HEALTH HAS INFORMED THE CONSULAR CORPS THAT ALL FOOD PRODUCTS NLRR F06-114/8*10474 PUT ON SALE AT STATE STORES AND COLLECTIVE FARM MARKETS ARE BEING CHECKED FOR RADIATION BEFORE THEY ARE BY LOJ NARA DATE 9/30/08 ALLOWED TO BE PUT ON SALE. ACCORDING TO THE WEST GERMAN DPO, THERE ARE NO DAIRY, VEGETABLE OR MEAT ITEMS CURRENTLY CONF DENTIAL CONF DENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 7929 DTG: 121255Z MAY 86 PSN: 035526 EOB643 AN007222 TOR: 132/1311Z CSN: HCE382 DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /006 A2 WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: EOB: OP IMMED UTS8560 DE RUEHMO #7929 1321300 O 121255Z MAY 86 FM AMEMBASS MOSCOW TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4626 INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7337 AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0314 AMCONSUL FRANKFURT IMMEDIATE 8612 USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE//ECMD// IMMEDIATE JCS WASHDC//J4-LRD/J5// IMMEDIATE SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE DIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE CINCUSAREUR HEIDELBERG GE/AEAMD//, IMMEDIATE HQUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE/SGAX/SGPA//, IMMEDIATE CDR 7TH MEDCOM HEIDELBERG GE//AEMCS/AEMPS/AEMPS//, IMMEDIATE CINCUSNAVEUR LONDON UK//N47// IMMEDIATE CONFI DENTIAL MOSCOW 07929 E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: KSCA, ENRG, SENV, CASC, AMED, UR SUBJECT: PROPOSED DEPARTURE OF RADIATION MONITORING TEAM 1. CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT. 2. VISAS FOR THE MILITARY RADIATION MONITORING TEAM TO REMAIN IN THE USSR EXPIRE WEDNESDAY, MAY 14. THE TEAM BELIEVES, AND EMBASSY CONCURS, THAT IT HAS FINISHED ITS TASK HERE IN MOSCOW AND SHOULD RETURN TO GERMANY. CONTINUED MONITORING OF RADIATION LEVELS WOULD BE PERFORMED BY EMBASSY SCIENCE OFFICER TRAINED BY THE TEAM TO USE THE EPA-PROVIDED EQUIPMENT. 3. EMBASSY THEREFORE PLANS TO SEND TEAM BACK TO GERMANY ON EVENING OF MAY 13, AND seeks DEPARTMENT CONCURRENCE IN THIS COURSE OF ACTION. EMBASSY ALSO REQUESTS DEPARTMENT' S INSTRUCTIONS ON WHETHER RADIATION FIGURES SHOULD CONTINUE TO BE SUPPLIED ON A DAILY BASIS UPON TEAM' S DEPARTURE. GIVEN SHORT TIME REMAINING TO ARRANGE TEAM' S DEPARTURE, OR ALTERNATIVELY, VISA EXTENSION, EMBASSY REQUESTS DEPARTMENT' S REPLY ASAP. COMBS BT DECLASSIFIED NLRR F06-114/8#10475 BY LOT NARA DATE 9/30/08 CONFIDENTIAL 42 CONF NOENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 8045 DTG: 131459Z MAY 86 PSN: 037638 E0B767 AN007882 TOR: 133/1543Z CSN: HCE846 -- MILK PRODUCED "IN THE REGION OF THE ACCIDENT" DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 IS CURRENTLY BEING "RE-PROCESSED AND WILL BE MAT-01 /007 A2 SOLD AS CHEESE AND BUTTER NOT EARLIER THAN THREE MONTHS FROM NOW so THAT THE LEVEL OF RADIOACTIVE IODINE WILL BE NEGLIGIBLE." WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: SIT MCD PEAR MART RODM MATL -- A THIRTY-TWO METER HIGH/DEEP CONCRETE WALL EOB: IS BEING BUILT AROUND THE COMPLEX so THAT RAINWATER RUNOFF AND THE POLLUTED, SANDY SOIL CANNOT FLOW INTO THE PRIPYAT RIVER. WORK ON A NEW CONCRETE FOUNDATION CONTINUES. PLANS ARE TO ENTOMB REACTOR OP IMMED NO. 4 IN CONCRETE. STU1308 DE RUEHMO #8045/01 1331512 POLYMERS (PURCHASED FROM THE FRENCH) ARE 0 131459Z MAY 86 BEING SPRAYED ON CONTAMINATED SOIL AND THEN FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW REMOVED, BRINGING THE RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL WITH IT. REPORTEDLY, 1 MILLION SQUARE METERS TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4698 HAVE ALREADY BEEN so TREATED. INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7366 -- WHILE REACTORS NO. 1 AND 2 ARE READY TO BE USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4681 REACTIVATED, NO. 3 IS STILL UNDERGOING DECONTAMINATION AMEMBASSY BERL IN IMMEDIATE 8022 AND WILL NOT/NOT BE PUT BACK INTO OPERATION. AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1589 AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1479 -- OF THE SIX STATIONS ESTABLISHED TO MONITOR AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0324 RADIATION LEVELS TO PROVIDE THE INFORMATION TO AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2420 THE IAEA, ONLY TWO--ONE IN KISHINEV AND ONE IN RAKHOV-- AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2838 SHOW READINGS ABOVE BACKGROUND. ON THE MORNING AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5202 OF THE BRIEFING, THE KISHINEV STATION RECORDED AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1149 0.03 MILLIROENTGEN/HR. AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2439 AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2117 -- RE ZHLOBIN, HIGHEST READING WAS RECORDED ON AMEMBASSY SOFIA IMMEDIATE 1367 MAY 1 AT 0.5 MILLIROENTGEN/HR; CURRENTLY IT IS AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3519 0.2 MILLIROENTGEN/HR. THIS MORNING KIEV REGISTERED AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3723 0.22 MILLIROENTGEN/HR. UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE -- IN RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS FROM SEVERAL AMBASSADORS, CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 01 OF 04 MOSCOW 08045 SHCHERBINA STATED THAT ANSWERS TO THE LIST OF QUESTIONS THEIR GOVERNMENTS HAD DELIVERED TO SOVIET AUTHORITIES ABOUT CHERNOBYL' WOULD BE FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY FOUND IN THE FINAL REPORT ISSUED BY HIS COMMISSION, PROBAB: IN JULY. WHEN SOME PASS USDA FOR STOLFA/FSIS, FAS, ERS, OICD AMBASSADORS ASKED ABOUT RECEIVING SOVIET RADIATION READINGS AND OTHER INFORMATION USEFUL TO CURRENT E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR DOMESTIC DEBATES IN WESTERN EUROPE OVER A BOYCOTT TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR BT SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 20 AS OF 1500 GMT, MAY 13 REF: MOSCOW 7980 SHCHERBINA BRIEFING amt 2. ON MAY 13, DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER BORIS SHCHERBINA, TOGETHER WITH A. M. PETROSYANTS mather (CHAIRMAN, STATE COMMITTEE FOR THE UTILIZATION OF ATOMIC ENERGY), 'URIY S. SEDUNOV (DEPUTY CHAIRMAN, GOSKOMGIDROMET), YEVGENIY I. VOROB'YEV (DEPUTY MINISTER, MINISTRY OF HEALTH) AND AMBASSADOR VLADIMIR PETROVSKIY (MF A) HELD A BRIEFING FOR INVITED CHIEFS OF MISSION (PRIMARILY EC COUNTRIES PLUS CANADA AND THE U.S.) TO DISCUSS DECLASSIFIED THE CHERNOBYL' ACCIDENT. FOLLOWING ARE THE HIGHL IGHTS: NLRR F06-114/8#10476 -- AN EXPLOSION OCCURRED AT 1:23 A.M. ON APRIL 26 CAUSED BY "A REACTION BETWEEN ZIRCONIUM AND WATER" (PRESUMABLY PRODUCING HYDROGEN). BY LOJ NARA DATE 9/30/08 CONFIDENTIAL 43 CONF IDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 8045 DTG: 131459Z MAY 86 PSN: 037642 E0B768 AN007881 TOR: 133/15442 CSN: HCE 847 THE EC AMBASSADORS, IT IS UNLIKELY THAT THE BRIEFING HELPED. END COMMENT. DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /007 A2 DEBRIEF OF REUTERS' CORRESPONDENT VISIT TO KIEV WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: 4. AS WE REPORTED EARLIER, REUTERS' BUREAU SIT: SIT MCD PEAR MATL RODM MART CHIEF CHARLES BREMNER WAS A MEMBER OF THE PRESS EOB: POOL THAT VISITED KIEV MAY 8 AND 9. BREMNER TOLD US THAT THE POOL WAS TAKEN TO KIEV AND TO AN AGRICULTURAL AREA 50 KM WEST OF THE CITY. HE SAID LIFE "APPEARED" NORMAL IN THE CITY, PEOPLE OP IMMED WERE WALKING ON THE STREETS, AND CHILDREN WERE UTS1455 PLAYING IN PLAYGROUNDS. PEOPLE WERE OBSERVED DE RUEHMO #8045/02 1331513 SWIMMING AND FISHING IN THE DNIEPR RIVER. 0 131459Z MAY 86 NEVERTHELESS, SCHOOLS (GRADES 1-7) ARE BEING FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW CLOSED EARLY MAY 15. THE MEDIA ARE ADVISING PEOPLE TO KEEP CHILDREN INDOORS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4699 AND TO SEND THEM TO SUMMER CAMP EARLY, PREFERABLY IN THE SOUTH. PEOPLE ARE ALSO BEING ADVISED THAT INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7367 DUST IS A MAJOR ENEMY IN THE FIGHT AGAINST USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4682 CONTAMINATION, AND TOLD NOT TO LET CHILDREN CREATE AMEMBASSY BERLIN IMMEDIATE 8023 DUST BY PLAYING WITH BALLS, FOR EXAMPLE. THEY AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1590 ARE ALSO BEING ADVISED TO KEEP WINDOWS CLOSED AND AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1480 TO WASH THEIR HAIR DAILY. THE AUTHORITIES ARE AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0325 WASHING THE STREETS FREQUENTLY AND CLAIM TO BE AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2421 MONITORING MILK AND WATER SUPPLIES. AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2839 AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5203 5. BREMNER CONFIRMED THAT THERE ARE LARGE CROWDS AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1150 OF PEOPLE AT THE KIEV AIRPORT AND TRAIN STATIONS. AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2440 MOST PEOPLE INTERVIEWED SAID THEY WERE LEAVING AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2118 TO PROTECT THEIR CHILDREN FROM THE EFFECTS OF THE AMEMBASSY SOFIA IMMEDIATE 1368 CHERNOBYL' ACCIDENT. ON THE CORRESPONDENTS' PLANE AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3520 BACK TO MOSCOW, BREMNER SAID, BESIDES THE CORRESPONDENTS AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3724 UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE THERE WERE 5 MEN AND 60 WOMEN AND CHILDREN. WHILE USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE THERE IS NO PANIC IN KIEV, HE REPORTED, THERE IS "GREAT UNDERLYING CONCERN." CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 02 OF 04 MOSCOW 08045 6. THE REUTERS CHIEF SAID HE HAD INTERVIEWED FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY EVACUEES FROM AN AREA 28 KM AWAY FROM THE REACTOR SITE. AN ARMY UNIT WAS CHECKING THE PEOPLE WITH PASS USDA FOR STOLFA/FSIS, FAS, ERS, OICD GEIGER COUNTERS, AND PERSONS WITH "HIGH LEVELS" WERE BEING GIVEN BLOOD TESTS. BREMNER WAS TOLD E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR THREE OUT OF 1,000 PERSONS CHECKED HAD BEEN TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR HOSPITALIZED WITH "HIGH" LEVELS OF RADIATION. SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL' NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 20 THE SOVIETS SAID THE RADIATION LEVEL IN KIEV BT OF SOVIET FOOD PRODUCTS, PETROSYANTS NOTED THAT THE USSR WOULD INFORM THE IAEA OF RADIATION LEVELS THROUGH THE NEWLY-ESTABLISHED MONITORING STATIONS AND THAT THE WESTERN GOVERNMENTS COULD OBTAIN THE DATA THROUGH THE IAEA. ADDED SHCHERBINA: "THIS IS SUFFICIENT." -- SOVIET AUTHORITIES ARE MONITORING RADIATION LEVELS OF FOOD PRODUCTS SOLD AT LOCAL MOSCOW MARKETS "AS PER STANDARD PRACTICE." -- TEMPERATURE IN REACTOR NO. 4 IS 300-400 DEGREES CELSIUS AND ALMOST ALL EMISSIONS HAVE BEEN STOPPED. 3. COMMENT: JUDGING BY THE COMPOSITION OF THE INVITEES, THE BRIEFING WAS INTENDED TO SOFTEN EC CALLS FOR AN EXPANDED BAN ON SOVIET FOODSTUFFS. CONSIDERING THE CLEARLY UNSATISFYING ANSWERS GIVEN TO OCCASIONALLY BLUNT QUESTIONS BY CONF INDENTIAL 40 CONF IDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 8045 DTG:131459Z MAY 86 PSN:037644 E0B771 AN007880 TOR: 133/1546Z CSN:HCE848 FROM SEVERAL SOVIET CONTACTS THAT A FEW OFFICIALS IN CHERNOBYL' HAVE BEEN EXECUTED FOR NOT REPORTING DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 THE ACCIDENT TO MOSCOW IMMEDIATELY AND FOR FAILING MAT-01 /007 A2 TO EVACUATE FOR 36 HOURS. (COMMENT: THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO CONFIRMATION OF THIS STORY, BUT IT SHOWS THE LINE THAT LOCAL OFFICIALS ARE TO BLAME WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: IS TAKING HOLD. END COMMENT.) SIT: SIT MATL PEAR MCD RODM MART EOB: FROM REFUSENIK AND DISSIDENT SOURCES 9. CONVERSATIONS WITH DISSIDENTS AND REFUSENIKS OP IMMED IN THE PAST TWO DAYS HAVE INCLUDED THESE UTS1462 ASSERTIONS: DE RUEHMO #8045/03 1331514 0 131459Z MAY 86 THE FIRST ONES SENT TO DEAL WITH THE EMERGENCY FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW WERE FIREMEN WEARING THEIR ORDINARY FIRE-FIGHTING GEAR, WITH NO PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION. (THIS TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4700 IS FROM SOMEONE WHOSE FRIEND RECENTLY RETURNED FROM WORKING ON THE CATASTROPHE.) INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7368 USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4683 PEOPLE EVACUATED FROM THE AREA HAVE FILLED AMEMBASSY BERLIN IMMEDIATE 8024 UP SANATORIA AND PIONEER CAMPS NORMALLY OCCUPIED AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1591 BY VACATIONERS FROM OTHER REGIONS, THUS DISRUPTING AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1481 VACATION PLANS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE. ASIDE FROM AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0326 THIS PROBLEM, MANY ARE RELUCTANT TO VACATION ON AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2422 THE BALTIC OR ON THE UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA COAST. AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2840 AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5204 THE SOVIET PROPAGANDA ABOUT THE CATASTROPHE AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1151 IS CLEARLY CYNICAL, REFERRING TO THE WHOLE THING AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2441 AS AN "ACCIDENT" AND CONSTANTLY ASSERTING THAT AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2119 THE SITUATION IS UNDER CONTROL. THE OFFICIAL AMEMBASSY SOFIA IMMEDIATE 1369 REACTION IS SEEN AS A COMBINATION OF DEVIOUSNESS AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3521 AND INCOMPETENCE. AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3725 UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE AMONG THE PROPAGANDA THEMES IS BLAME FOR USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE THE U.S. AND ITS ALLEGED ATTEMPT TO USE THE "ACCIDENT" TO DISCREDIT THE USSR AND UNDERMINE CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 03 OF 04 MOSCOW 08045 ARMS CONTROL TALKS. AMONG AVERAGE WORKERS, THOSE WHO EVEN THINK ABOUT THE CHERNOBYL' DISASTER READ SUCH PROPAGANDA AND (ALTHOUGH THE SOVIET FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY PRESS DOES NOT EXPLICITLY SAY SO) CONCLUDE THAT THE U.S. IS SOMEHOW RESPONSIBLE FOR IT. PASS USDA FOR STOLFA/FSIS, FAS, ERS, OICD THERE ARE ALSO RUMORS THAT "ZIONISTS" (CODE WORD FOR JEWS) ARE RESPONSIBLE, PERHAPS IN PART BECAUSE E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR BT TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 20 ON MAY 9 WAS 0.2 MILLI-ROENTGENS/HOUR, WHILE THE SURROUNDING AGRICULTURAL AREA MEASURED 0.16 MILLI-ROENTGENS/HOUR. OFFICIAL NUMBER OF EVACUEES RISES 7. KRASNAYA ZVEZDA (RED STAR), THE SOVIET ARMY NEWSPAPER, REPORTED MAY 13 THAT SOME 92,000 PEOPLE HAD BEEN EVACUATED FROM THE AREA AROUND THE DISASTER. THIS IS AN INCREASE OVER UKRAINIAN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS PRESIDIUM CHAIRMAN LYASHKO'S EARLIER ESTIMATE OF 84,000. RUMORS OF EXECUTIONS 8. THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT HAS INCREASINGLY TAKEN THE LINE THAT LOCAL OFFICIALS DID NOT ADEQUATELY ASSESS THE PROBLEM IN CHERNOBYL' AND FAILED TO ALERT CENTRAL AUTHORITIES IN MOSCOW. THIS MAY HAVE GIVEN RISE TO THE RUMOR ONE EMBOFF HAS PICKED UP CONF IDENTIAL 45 CONF TDENT IAL NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARIAT PAGE 01 MOSCOW 8045 DTG: 131459Z MAY 86 PSN: 037645 EOB772 AN007879 TOR: 133/1547Z CSN: HCE849 DISTRIBUTION: MAN-01 DOBR-01 KRAM-01 SOMM-01 RODM-01 LENC-01 MAT-01 /007 A2 WHTS ASSIGNED DISTRIBUTION: SIT: SIT MCD PEAR MATL RODM MART EOB: OP IMMED UTS1463 DE RUEHMO #8045/04 1331515 O 131459Z MAY 86 FM AMEMBASSY MOSCOW TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4701 INFO AMCONSUL LENINGRAD IMMEDIATE 7369 USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4684 AMEMBASSY BERLIN IMMEDIATE 8025 AMEMBASSY BELGRADE IMMEDIATE 1592 AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST IMMEDIATE 1482 AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE 0327 AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST IMMEDIATE 2423 AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN IMMEDIATE 2841 AMEMBASSY HELSINKI IMMEDIATE 5205 AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 1152 AMEMBASSY OSLO IMMEDIATE 2442 AMEMBASSY PRAGUE IMMEDIATE 2120 AMEMBASSY SOFIA IMMEDIATE 1370 AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM IMMEDIATE 3522 AMEMBASSY WARSAW IMMEDIATE 3726 UNVIE MISSION VIENNA IMMEDIATE USDOE WASHDC IMMEDIATE CONFI DENTIAL SECTION 04 OF 04 MOSCOW 08045 FOR S/NP: AMBASSADOR KENNEDY PASS USDA FOR STOLFA/FSIS, FAS, ERS, OICD E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: KSCA, TRGY, SENV, CASC, UR SUBJECT: CHERNOBYL' NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: REPORT NO. 20 OF THE COMMON BELIEF THAT MOST SCIENTISTS ARE JEWS. COMBS BT CONF IDENT IAL 46 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR VADM JOHN M. POINDEXTER THE WHITE HOUSE SUBJECT: Proposed Q's and A's on Gorbachev's Chernobyl Speech Proposed Questions and Answers on Gorbachev's speech on the Chernobyl nuclear accident are attached for use by the White House Press Office. Nicholas Platt Executive Secretary CONF I DENTIAL DECL : OADR DECLASSIFIED Bepartment By Cas of State Guidelines, July 21, 1997 NARA, Date 7/29/02 47 Drafted: EUR/SOV - MNRobinson / JBean 647-3456 Doc. 1660B 5/14/86 Cleared: EUR/SOV - MRParris EUR - MPalmer OES - JDevine S/NP - RKennedy IO - LGallini L - RBettaur EUR/RPM - 48 Q: What is the President's response to Gorbachev's offer to meet him in Europe or Hiroshima to discuss a moratorium on testing? A: -- THE PRESIDENT HAS INVITED GENERAL SECRETARY GORBACHEV TO MEET IN THE UNITED STATES THIS YEAR TO DISCUSS THE FULL RANGE OF US - SOVIET ISSUES, INCLUDING ARMS CONTROL. WE ARE STILL WAITING FOR HIS RESPONSE TO OUR INVITATION. OUR VIEWS ON THE SOVIET PROPOSAL NUCLEAR TEST MORATORIUM ARE WELL KNOWN. WE HAVE MAKE A NUMBER OF PROPOSALS WHICH COULD LEAD TO PROGRESS IN THE AREA OF NUCLEAR TESTING AND THESE STAND. 49 Q: Do you have any comment on Gorbachev singling out NATO countries and West Germany in particular for criticism on their responses to Chernobyl? A: -- WE REGRET THAT THE SOVIET UNION IS RESPONDING TO CRITICISM OF ITS HANDLING OF THE NUCLEAR ACCIDENT BY ATTACKING THOSE WHO URGED THEM TO PROVIDE TIMELY INFORMATION. -- HAD THE SOVIETS INFORMED THE WORLD OF THE ACCIDENT AND PROVIDED IN A TIMELY MANNER THE DETAILED INFORMATION GOVERNMENTS REQUESTED, OTHERS WOULD NOT BE LEFT TO DRAW THEIR OWN BEST CONCLUSIONS BASED ON THE INCOMPLETE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO THEM. so Q: DO you support Gorbachev's call for increased funding for IAEA? A: -- THE UNITED STATES HAS CONSISTENTLY SUPPORTED IAEA AND ADVOCATED STRENGTHENING ITS ROLE. -- YOU WILL REMEMBER THAT THE JOINT STATEMENT ISSUED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE MEETING IN GENEVA LAST YEAR BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND THE SOVIET GENERAL SECRETARY SPECIFICALLY ADVOCATED THE STRENGTHENING OF IAEA'S ROLE IN PROMOTING THE PEACEFUL USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY. Q: What is your response to Gorbachev's IAEA proposals? A: -- WE HAVE TAKEN NOTE OF THE PROPOSALS BY GENERAL SECRETARY GORBACHEV TO STRENGTHEN COOPERATION THROUGH THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY IN DEALING WITH SIMILAR SITUATIONS IN THE FUTURE. -- HIS PROPOSALS -- ESPECIALLY THOSE CALLING FOR QUICK REPORTING OF NUCLEAR INCIDENTS AND PROVISION OF MUTUAL AID IN NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS -- APPEAR TO RESEMBLE CLOSELY PROPOSALS MADE AT THE TOKYO SUMMIT EARLIER THIS MONTH. -- THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES WILL STUDY THESE PROPOSALS WITH CARE AND IN A POSITIVE SPIRIT. 52 Q: Do you support Gorbachev's call for cooperation among specialized agencies like WHO in future incidents? A: -- THE NUCLEAR ACCIDENT AT CHERNOBYL HAS GRAPHICALLY ILLUSTRATED THE SHORT AND LONG TERM INTERNATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF SUCH INCIDENTS. -- THE TRANSBOUNDARY SPREAD OF RADIATION AND CONCERN FOR ITS EFFECT ON INDIVIDUALS' HEALTH AND FOOD SUPPLIES UNDERSCORE THE IMPORTANCE OF THE WORK OF ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY AND WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. 53 Q: Do you believe Soviet statements that 2 died in the initial explosion and that 7 of 299 hospitalized have also died? A: -- WE HAVE NO INFORMATION ON THE SPECIFIC NUMBER OF CASUALTIES OTHER THAN THAT PROVIDED BY THE SOVIETS. 54 Q: DO you accept the Soviet version of what happened at the plant? A: -- THE GENERAL SECRETARY'S DESCRIPTION OF WHAT OCCURRED APPEARS TO BE ROUGHLY CONSISTENT WITH OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE ACCIDENT. WE CANNOT BE CERTAIN OF THE DETAILS OF WHAT ACTUALLY OCCURRED AT THE PLANT UNTIL THE SOVIETS PROVIDE A FINAL ACCOUNT. 55 Q: DO you concur with Mr. Gorbachev's assertion that Soviet handling of the incident minimized its consequences? A: -- WE ARE HAMPERED IN DRAWING CONCLUSIONS BY OUR STILL INCOMPLETE ACCOUNT OF THE INCIDENT. -- THE SOVIETS HAVE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THEIR HIGHER AUTHORITIES WERE NOT FULLY APPRISED OF THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE ACCIDENT UNTIL TWO DAYS AFTER IT OCCURRED. ALSO, BY THEIR OWN ACCOUNT, EVACUATIONS DID NOT BEGIN UNTIL APPROXIMATELY 36 HOURS AFTER THE BLAST, AND THE TOWN OF CHERNOBYL WAS NOT EVACUATED UNTIL 10 OR 11 DAYS LATER. -- IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THEY DID NOT INFORM THEIR NEIGHBORS OF THE ACCIDENT UNTIL SWEDEN AND FINLAND RECORDED UNUSUALLY HIGH RADIATION READINGS. 56 Q: DO you agree with Mr. Gorbachev's claim that the worst is behind us? A: -- THE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TENDS TO CONFIRM THAT EMISSIONS OF RADIATION FROM THE DAMAGED REACTOR HAVE DIMINISHED SINCE THE EXPLOSION. -- HOWEVER, WE ARE STILL CONCERNED ABOUT THE LONG TERM EFFECTS OF THE RADIATION RELEASED ON PEOPLE, AGRICULTURAL AND DAIRY PRODUCTS, AND THE SOIL ITSELF. 57 :: What are the long-term economic implications of the accident for the Soviet Union? A: -- AS MR. GORBACHEV SAID, HANDLING THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACCIDENT WILL REQUIRE THE COMMITMENT OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF RESOURCES AND TIME. ALMOST CERTAINLY MOST, IF NOT ALL, OF THESE MUST BE DIVERTED FROM OTHER USES. Q: What is your reaction to Mr. Gorbachev's charge that Western governments and media, especially in the United States, is seeking to take advantage of the incident to instigate an anti-Soviet campaign? A: -- WE ARE NOT SURPRISED THAT THE SOVIET UNION IS RESPONDING TO CRITICISM OF ITS HANDLING OF THE ACCIDENT BY ATTACKING ITS CRITICS. THIS IS CONISTENT WITH BEHAVIOR THEY HAVE PREVIOUSLY EXHIBITED WHEN CRITICIZED FOR FAILING TO COMPLY WITH COMMONLY ACCEPTED STANDARDS OF HUMAN DECENCY AND INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS. -- ON LEARNING OF THE ACCIDENT, THE FIRST RESPONSE OF THE UNITED STATES WAS TO EXPRESS SINCERE REGRET AND TO OFFER ALL AVAILABLE HUMANITARIAN AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -- AN OFFER WE HAVE REPEATED MANY TIMES SINCE. : HAD THE SOVIETS INFORMED THE WORLD OF THE ACCIDENT AND PROVIDED IN A TIMELY MANNER THE DETAILED INFORMATION OTHER GOVERNMENTS REQUESTED, OTHERS WOULD NOT BE LEFT TO DRAW THEIR OWN BEST CONCLUSIONS BASED ON THE INCOMPLETE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO THEM. -- IN THE ABSENCE OF FACTS, COUNTRIES ARE JUSTIFIED IN Jim Bear ASSUMING THE WORST POSSIBLE SCENARIO IN ORDER TO calliod anked to CONSIDER FULLY AN INCIDENT'S IMPLICATIONS FOR THE delete 5/14 HEALTH AND SAFETY OF THEIR OWN PEOPLE. sh Q: How do you respond to Mr. Gorbachev's charge that the United States was slow to reveal the details of what happened during the Three Mile Island Crisis? A: -- SOVIET STATEMENTS MADE RECENTLY WITH RESPECT TO OUR MAKING PUBLIC DETAILS ON THREE MILE ISLAND SUGGEST THAT THE SOVIETS ARE SEVERELY MISINFORMED ABOUT HOW THE UNITED STATES HANDLED THAT INCIDENT. -- INFORMATION WAS MADE PUBLIC ALMOST IMMEDIATELY ONCE THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE INCIDENT WAS RECOGNIZED. -- PLANT OPERATORS RECOGNIZED THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE PROBLEM THREE HOURS AFTER THE EVENTS WHICH CAUSED IT OCCURRED AND THEY NOTIFIED STATE AND US GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES WITHIN 10 MINUTES OF THAT REALIZATION -- THE NRC BEGAN HANDLING PRESS INQUIRIES 2 HOURS LATER, AND THAT SAME DAY ISSUED TWO DETAILED PRESS RELEASES INCLUDING RADIATION READINGS AND EMERGENCY ACTIONS TAKEN -- CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES WERE NOTIFIED THE DAY OF THE INCIDENT AND FULLY BRIEFED THE FOLLOWING DAY -- THE DAY OF THE INCIDENT THE UNITED STATES NOTIFIED IAEA, NEA, OECD AND 22 FOREIGN COUNTRIES OF THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ACCIDENT, RADIATION RELEASED, MALFUNCTIONS, AND OPERATIONAL ACTIONS TAKEN. 60 -- MORE COUNTRIES WERE NOTIFIED WITHIN 2 DAYS AND UPDATES WERE SENT ALMOST DAILY FOR TWO WEEKS FOLLOWING THE INCIDENT. : A SENIOR IAEA OFFICIAL - MORRIS ROSEN, WHO RECENTLY ACCOMPANIED HANS BLIX TO MOSCOW - VISITED THE SITE WITHIN 4 DAYS OF THE INCIDENT. -- THE NRC ARRANGED SITE VISITS AND BRIEFINGS FOR FOREIGN NUCLEAR SAFETY OFFICIALS THE FIRST WEEK AFTER THE INCIDENT. -- EXTENSIVE FOLLOW-UP INFORMATION WAS PROVIDED TO INTERESTED COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS IN THE MONTHS AFTER THE INCIDENT IN ORDER TO LEARN FORM THE EVENT AND TO IMPROVE NUCLEAR SAFETY. Q: Gorbachev said that the Tokyo summit dwelt on secondary issues such as terrorism and Chernobyl but had nothing to say on arms control. Is that true? A: -- It is wrong. The Tokyo Declaration, "Looking Forward to a Better Future," issued by Western leaders at the conclusion of their meeting, testifies to their broad, balanced concerns at the summit. -- The Declaration emphasizes the desire of the leaders to "strengthen peace," "build ... a more stable and constructive relationship between East and West," to "protect freedom and deter aggression, while not threatening the security of others,' "to address ... East-West differences through high-level dialogue and negotiation,' and to "support ... balanced, substantial and verifiable reductions in the level of arms; measures to increase confidence and reduce the risks of conflicts; and the peaceful resolution of disputes. " -- In Tokyo, Western leaders underscored the particular importance they ascribe to progress on arms-control: "Recalling the agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union to accelerate work at Geneva, we appreciate the United States' negotiating efforts and call on the Soviet Union also to negotiate positively." -- They welcomed and encouraged the IAEA's work to improve international cooperation on safety, handling of nuclear accidents and their consequences, and provision of emergency assistance. -- They also urged early elaboration of an international convention committing the parties to report and exchange information in the event of nuclear emergencies or accidents." 63 Q: What are your comments on General Secretary Gorbachev's announced plan to continue the Soviet moratorium on nuclear testing? A: -- THE DECISION TO CONTINUE A MORATORIUM OR TO RESUME NUCLEAR TESTING RESTS SOLELY WITH THE SOVIET UNION. -- THE U.S. POSITION ON A NUCLEAR TEST MORATORIUM IS UNCHANGED. 64 Q. What do you think of General Secretary Gorbachev's renewed offer to meet with the President on the subject of a nuclear-testing moratorium? A: -- AS WE SAID WHEN GORBACHEV FIRST SUGGESTED THIS MEETING, THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL SECRETARY GORBACHEV AGREED AT GENEVA "TO MEET AGAIN IN THE NEAREST FUTURE," AND THE GENERAL SECRETARY ACCEPTED THE PRESDIENT'S INVITATION TO COME TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986. IN DECEMBER, THE PRESIDENT INDICATED TO THE GENERAL SECRETARY WHICH DATES WOULD BE MOST CONVENTIENT FOR THIS MEETING. NO REPLY HAS YET BEEN RECEIVED REGARDING THIS SUGGESTION. -- IN OUR VIEW, MEETINGS AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL SHOULD DEAL WITH THE ENTIRE RANGE OF IMPORTANT ISSUES BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES. NUCLEAR TESTING IS ONE OF THEM -- BUT ONLY ONE, AND IT IS AN ISSUE WHICH IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO OTHERS, SUCH AS THE NEED TO REDUCE THE LEVELS OF EXISTING NUCLEAR ARMS AND TO ESTABLISH EFFECTIVE VERIFICATION PROCEDURES. -- IF THE SOVIETS DESIRE TO MAKE SERIOUS PROGRESS ON THE QUESTION OF NUCLEAR TESTING LIMITATION, THEY SHOULD ACCEPT THE PRESIDENT'S LONGSTANDING PROPOSAL THAT WE HAVE OUR EXPERTS MEET, AND SHOULD RESPOND POSITIVELY TO THE PRESIDENT'S MOST RECENT OFFER ON TESTING VERIFICIATION. 65 Drafted: EUR/SOV: JHamilton 5/14/86 x77243 (0933M) Cleared: Drawn from previous guidance 66 Q: In his speech on May 14, Gorbachev alleged that the West has sought to wring propaganda out of the Chernobyl reactor disaster in order to smear the Soviet Union. Your comment? A: -- This allegation completely misrepresents the situation. Western leaders all expressed their condolences for the Soviet accident. -- They also urged the Soviets to provide information on the release of radiation to the countries affected. -- The concern of the leaders was reflected in the Tokyo statement on the Implications of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident: -- The summit leaders expressed "deep sympathy for those affected" and said they "remain ready to extend assistance, in particular medical and technical, as and when requested. " -- They pointed out that "each country is responsible for prompt provision of detailed and complete information on nuclear emergencies and accidents, in particular those with potential transboundary consequences. Each of our countries accepts that responsibility, and we 67 urge the Soviet Union, which did not do so in the case of Chernobyl, to provide urgently such information, as our and other countries have requested. = -- The leaders "noted with satisfaction the Soviet Union's willingness to undertake discussions with the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency. . "