Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
118567238
label
02/25/1983 (case file 121725)
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
118567238
contentType
document
title
02/25/1983 (case file 121725)
citationUrl
identifierLocal
439
collections
Records of the Office of the President (Reagan Administration)
Presidential Briefing Papers
thumbnailUrl
largeImageUrl
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
118567238
coverageEndDate
logicalDate
1988-12-31
year
1988
coverageStartDate
logicalDate
1981-01-01
year
1981
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
f9169dbeeece8c60
ocrText
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Digital Library Collections
This is a PDF of a folder from our textual
collections.
Collection: President, Office of the: Presidential
Briefing Papers: Records, 1981-1989
Folder Title:02/25/1983 (Case File: 121725)
Box: 26
To see more digitized collections visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library
To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
inventories visit:
https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection
Contact a reference archivist at:
[email protected]
Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing
Ny
Poge 1012 15 ID # 121725
WHITE HOUSE
OFFICE OF RECORDS MANAGEMENT
WORKSHEET
THE
X-MEDIA
H-INTERNAL
Name of Document: BRIEFING PAPERS
FOR PRESIDENT'S
Subject Codes:
SCHEDULED
APPOINTMENTS FOR
PR
007 - 01
1)
Subject: fist of invitees /attendees FEB2583 for meeting
FG
006 - 12
7th national Security Council.
-
-
2) List of for meeting
-
07 the Group Mation Security Planning
-
-
-
3) Meetine with high school students
PR
011 -
participater the Close-up
PR
016 - 01
Foundation Program.
ED
-
-
4) Video Taping of messages for :
ME
002 -
A) National Business Leadership Conference
BE
-
offamior achievement
-
B) National Defense Executive Reserve
ND
004 -
c) national Conference association of Television Program
-
BE
003 - 04
Executives convention
-
(continued)
ROUTE TO:
ACTION
DISPOSITION
Office/Agency
(Staff Name)
Action
Tracking Date
Type of
Completion Date
Code
YY/MM/DD
Response
Code
YY/MM/DD
RMHENL
RSZ
c
Referral Note:
Page 2072 ID # 121 725
WHITE HOUSE
OFFICE OF RECORDS MANAGEMENT
WORKSHEET
X-MEDIA
H-INTERNAL
Name of Document: BRIEFING PAPERS
FOR PRESIDENTS
Subject Codes:
SCHEDULED
APPOINTMENTS FOR
FEB2583
PR
007 - 01
-
Subject:
D) International Radio and Television
-
Society's awards Presentation
-
to ROONE ARLEDGE.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ROUTE TO:
ACTION
DISPOSITION
Office/Agency
(Staff Name)
Action
Tracking Date
Type of
Completion Date
Code
YY/MM/DD
Response
Code
YY/MM/DD
RMHENL
RSZ
c
Referral Note:
THE PRESIDENT'S SCHEDULE
Friday, February 25, 1983
9:00 am
Staff Time
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Baker, Meese, Deaver)
9:30 am
National Security Briefing
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Clark)
ART MANERROI
9:45 am
Meeting with Speechwriters
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Bakshian) A 13 mm. B.E.M.C. N.R.
K Timmons
10:00 am
NSC Meeting
Cabinet Room
(30 min)
(Clark)
(distributed separately)
10:30 am
NSPG Meeting
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Clark)
11:00 am
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(60 min)
12:00 m
Lunch
Oval Office
(60 min)
1:00 pm
Student T.V. Show
EOB 450
(40 min)
(Holmes)
(Tab A)
1:40 pm
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(1hr20min)
2:30 30
A6.
3:00 pm
Taping Session
Diplomatic
(30 min)
(Goode)
Reception Rm.
1) National Business Leadership
Conference of Junior Achievement
(Tab B)
2) National Defense Executive Reserve
(draft remarks attached)
Conference
3) National Assoc. of Television
Program Executives Convention
4) Awards Ceremony of the International
Radio and Television Society
3:30 pm
Personal Staff Time Remainder of Day
Oval Office/
Residence
UNP 2/24/83
4:00 pm
THE SCHEDULE OF
PRESIDENT RONALD REAGAN
THE PRESIDENT'S SCHEDULE
Friday, February 25, 1983
9:00 am
Staff Time
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Baker, Meese, Deaver)
9:30 am
National Security Briefing
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Clark)
9:45 am
Meeting with Speechwriters
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Bakshian)
10:00 am
NSC Meeting
Cabinet Room
(30 min)
(Clark)
(distributed separately)
10:30 am
NSPG Meeting
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Clark)
11:00 am
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(60 min)
12:00 m
Lunch
Oval Office
(60 min)
1:00 pm
Student T.V. Show
EOB 450
(40 min)
(Holmes)
(Tab A)
1:40 pm
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(1hr20min)
2:30
Room
Beabad
3:00 pm
Taping Session
Diplomatic
(30 min)
(Goode)
Reception Rm.
1) National Business Leadership
Conference of Junior Achievement
(Tab B)
2) National Defense Executive Reserve
(draft remarks attached)
Conference
3) National Assoc. of Television
Program Executives Convention
4) Awards Ceremony of the International
Radio and Television Society
3:30 pm
Personal Staff Time Remainder of Day
Oval Office/
Residence
UNP 2/24/83
4:00 pm
DCF
THE PRESIDENT'S SCHEDULE
Friday, February 25, 1983
9:00 am
Staff Time
9:03- OVAL
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Baker, Mease, Deaver)
9:30 am
National Security Briefing 9:20-9:42
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Clark) tB, MKD, ART MANFRESI, J.P. BUSH, MEFANAND
9:45 am
Meeting with Speechwriters A. Prakshian, M. MAUSING Oval Office
(15 min)
(Bakshian) & ELLIOTI, M. CHURCH, N. ROBERTS
kim TIMMONS 9:46- 9:57 D. DARMAN, D. GERGEN, MKD
10:00 am
NSC Meeting
Cabinet Room
(30 min)
(Clark) 10:05-10:48
(distributed separately)
10:30 am
NSPG Meeting 10:49 11:08
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Clark)
11:00 am
Personal Staff Time 11:08-
Oval Office
(60 min)
12:00 m
Lunch
Oval Office
(60 min)
1:00 pm
Student T.V. Show
EOB 450
(40 min)
(Holmes)
(Tab A)
1:40 pm
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(1hr20min)
2:36-13:15
ANNE ETORSUCH BURFOND, SEN. PAUL LAKACT, CRAIG FULLSE, J.P. BUSH
3:00 pm
Taping Session
+ EPA STARK member
Diplomatic
(30 min)
(Goode)
Reception Rm.
1) National Business Leadership
Conference of Junior Achievement
(Tab B)
2) National Defense Executive Reserve
(draft remarks attached
Conference
3) National Assoc. of Television
Program Executives Convention
4) Awards Ceremony of the International
Radio and Television Society
3:20 45
3:30 pm
Personal Staff Time Remainder of Day
Oval Office/
Residence
4:45
UNP 2/24/83
4:00 pm
CABINET COUNCIL ON NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
February 24, 1983
PARTICIPANTS
The President
The Vice President
Secretary Regan
Secretary Baldrige
James Baker III
Deputy Secretary Dam
(Representing Secretary Shultz)
/Acting Secretary Coldiron
(Representing Secretary Watt)
Deputy Secretary Lyng
(Representing Secretary Block)
Acting Secretary Donnelly
(Representing HHS)
Under Secretary Hovde
(Representing Secretary Pierce)
Deputy Secretary Trent
(Representing Secretary Dole)
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative Macdonald
(Representing Ambassador Brock)
Chairman Hill, CEQ
Kenneth Duberstein, Assistant to the President for Legislative
Affairs
Craig L. Fuller, Assistant to the President for Cabinet Affairs
Ed Rollins, Assistant to the President for Political Affairs
Danny Boggs, Executive Secretary
Becky Norton Dunlop, Director, Office of Cabinet Affairs
For Presentation:
Secretary Hodel
Additional Attendees:
Red Cavaney, Deputy Assistant to the President for Public Liaison
Kenneth Cribb, Assistant Counsellor to the President
Roger Porter, Deputy Assistant to the President for Policy
Development
James Medas, Special Assistant to the President for Inter-
governmental Affairs
Fred Khedouri, Associate Director, Natural Resources, Energy, and
Science, OMB
William Niskanen, Member, CEA
Norman Bailey, Senior Staff Member, NSC
Two Phones, UPO
EMILL
Larry specker Inter Jun scroody Comm
JAVIN
REQUEST FOR APPOINTMENTS
To:
Officer-in-charge
NSC
Appointments Center
Room 060, OEOB
Please admit the following appointments on
February 25, 1983
, 19
The President.
for
of
White House
:
(NAME OF PERSON TO BE VISITED)
(AGENCY)
The Vice President
NSC:
Admiral Daniel J. Murphy
General Richard T. Boverie
Mr. Robert Helm
State:
Colonel Allan Myer
Acting Secretary Kenneth Dam
Colonel Michael O. wheeler
Defense:
Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger
Dr. Fred C. Ikle
Mr. Dove Zakheim
David Richwine (Chart Carrier)
CIA:
Mr. William J. Casey
JCS:
General Robert H. Barrow
OMB:
Dr. Alton Keel
Mr. David Stockman
USUN:
Amb Jeane J. Kirkpatrick
ACDA:
Dr. James George
White House:
Mr. Edwin Meese III
Judge William P. Clark
Mr. James A. Baker
Mr. Robert C. McFarlane
Mr. Michael K. Deaver
Admiral John M. Poindexter
Mr. Richard Darman
MEETING LOCATION
Building West Wing White House Requested by Carol Cleveland
Room No Cabinet Room
Room No. 374 Telephone
3044
10:00 a.m.
February 25, 1983
Time of Meeting
Date of request
Additions and/or changes made by telephone should be limited to three (3) names or less.
APPOINTMENTS CENTER: SIG/OEOB - 395-6046 or WHITE HOUSE - 456-6742
UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE
SSF 2037 (05-78)
FOR
NSPG
To:
Officer-in-charge
Appointments Center
Room 060, OEOB
Please admit the following appointments on
Friday, February 25
, 19 83
the President
for
of
:
(NAME OF PERSON TO BE VISITED)
(AGENCY)
President Ronald Reagan
Vice President George Bush
10:49-
State
Acting Secretary Kenneth Dam
Assistant Secretary Nicholas Veliotes
Mr. Wat Cliverias
Defense
Secretary Caspar Weinberger
CIA
Director William Casey
USUN
Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick
JCS
General John Vessey
White House
Edwin Meese, III
James Baker, III
Michael Deaver
William P. Clark
Robert C. McFarlane
NSC
Geoffrey Kemp
MEETING LOCATION
Building
White House
Requested by Natalie S. Wozniak
Room No.
Oval Office
Room No. 351 Telephone
395-3491
Time of Meeting
10:30 a.m.
Date of request
February 24, 1983
Additions and/or changes made by telephone should be limited to three (3) names or less.
APPOINTMENTS CENTER: SIG/OEOB - 395-6046 or WHITE HOUSE - 456-6742
UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE
SSF 2037 (00-70)
A
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 18, 1983
STUDENTS AND LEADERS PROGRAM
DATE: February 25, 1983
LOCATION: Room 450 OEOB
TIME: 1:00 p.m. (40 minutes)
FROM: Joseph R. Holmes JH
I.
PURPOSE
To participate in a 30 minute Q and A
with high school seniors from around the country.
II. BACKGROUND
C-SPAN is the cable consortium which tele-
vises proceedings of the House of Representatives
and Q and A sessions with Administration leaders.
The Close-Up Foundation is a privately fi-
nanced foundation which brings thousands of high
school students to Washington to participate in
governmental seminars and other activities.
The programs are beamed by satellite to
11 million subscribers including many schools.
III. PARTICIPANTS
The students for this program will be from
Florida, Arkansas, Missouri, Oregon, California
and Texas.
IV. PRESS PLAN
No Press. White House Photographer.
V.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
Format: You will sit on a stool on the
stage. One student will be selected to ask the
first question. The show will close 30 minutes
after a pre-selected student has been cued by
the stage manager and he or she will thank you.
B
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 24, 1983
TAPING SESSION
DATE: February 25, 1983
LOCATION: Diplomatic Reception Area
TIME: 3:00 PM
FROM: Mark Goode
I.
PURPOSE
TO video tape a message from the President.
II.
BACKGROUND
This message will be played at the 1983 National Business Leadership
Conference of Junior Achievement in Dallas on March 17th.
The theme of the event OS "Business in the Changing World ---- Challenges
to the American Dream".
III.
PARTICIPANTS
The President
IV.
PRESS PLAN
None
V.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
The President will read the remarks from a teleprompter in the Diplomatic
Reception Area.
attachment: to be submitted by the speechwriters office.
(Maseng/AB)
February 23, 1983
3:30 p.m.
PRESIDENTIAL TAPING: GREETING TO NATIONAL BUSINESS LEADERSHIP
CONFERENCE OF JUNIOR ACHIEVEMENT
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1983
Good evening. I am delighted to have this opportunity to
speak with you -- people who are investing so much of yourselves
in America's future. I am only sorry Nancy and I could not be
with you in person.
Your program and participants -- from the 40,000 business
men and women who support Junior Achievement to the hundreds of
thousands of young people who participate -- represent so much of
what is right with America. Your volunteer spirit, energy and
bedrock values are qualities we must instill in our youth, along
with an appreciation for the free enterprise system which has
created so much abundance for us and the people of the world.
If today's young people learn about our free market
economy -- a part of their education too often neglected -- we
can safely and confidently pass to future generations the
responsibility for leading America. We also will send a signal
of American health and vitality to the rest of the world.
I congratulate the Business Hall of Fame Laureates honored
tonight. Olive Beech, of Beech Aircraft; Abe Plough, whose
efforts helped build today's modern pharmaceutical industry; Ray
A. Kroc, senior chairman of McDonald's Corporation -- along with
the late John Deere, Edward Henry Harriman and Leo Baekeland --
personify American individualism and achievement. I commend the
Fortune Magazine Board of Editors for their selection and the
Junior Achievement organization for establishing and perpetuating
Page 2
the National Business Hall of Fame. On behalf of the generations
of young people who have benefitted from your work, and a
grateful America that has been enriched by your efforts, thank
you and God bless you all.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 24, 1983
TAPING SESSION
DATE: February 25, 1983
LOCATION: Diplomatic Reception Area
TIME: 3:00 PM
FROM: Mark Goode
I.
PURPOSE
To video tape a message from the President.
II.
BACKGROUND
This message will be played at the national conference for all of the
National Defense Executive Reservists on March 7 - 9 at the Shoreham
Hotel, Washington, DC.
The theme is "Mobilization: A Critical Element of National Security".
This will be the first national conference for all of the Federal
Government's NDER's since 1967.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
The President
IV.
PRESS PLAN
None
V.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
The President will read his remarks from a teleprompter.
ATTACHMENTS: To be submitted by the speechwriters office.
(Rohrabacher/AB)
February 24, 1983
5:00 p.m.
PRESIDENTIAL TAPING: NATIONAL DEFENSE EXECUTIVE RESERVE
CONFERENCE
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1983
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the first national conference since 1967 of the
National Defense Executive Reserve. And thank you for being
there.
As you go about your busy day-to-day activities, it may be
difficult to appreciate how important your membership in NDER
will be to the future of America in case of a National emergency.
In a crisis, government ultimately depends on citizens who
step forward and accept responsibility, serving their fellow
countrymen and making sure the job gets done even in the most
trying circumstances. The most fundamental task of government is
the protection of its people. You are the skilled and
knowledgeable persons on whom we are counting to meet that need
in case of emergency.
NDER is part of a spectrum of civil mobilization programs
that we pray will never be used, yet good judgement demands that
we keep prepared. As you will learn, these programs are
receiving new attention and support from my Administration after
years of neglect. The Emergency Mobilization Preparedness Board,
is the mechanism which I created in December 1981 to coordinate
mobilization efforts and focus interagency attention on this
national need.
Page 2
The revitalization of NDER is being coordinated by the
Federal Emergency Management Agency in active partnership with
key Federal agencies and departments as well as functioning NDER
units. FEMA is working to establish new units, and breathe life
into this vital yet long neglected area. Their effort has my
complete support.
Sometimes it's thought that Americans are too blase, about a
problem until a crisis erupts. Your presence -- and your
investment of time and energy -- is evidence that concerned
citizens can make the commitments necessary for our country's
safety.
I congratulate you on your decision to help America become a
stronger and safer nation. And I wish you a rewarding and
stimulating experience during your orientation over the next few
days. Thanks again for your good citizenship.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 24, 1983
TAPING SESSION
DATE: February 25, 1983
LOCATION: Diplomatic Reception Area
TIME: 3:00 PM
FROM: Mark Goode
I. PURPOSE
To video tape a message from the President.
II. BACKGROUND
This message will be played at the National Association of Television
Program Executives convention in Las Vegas March 17 - 23, 1983.
NATPE is the largest association for television station program managers.
The expected attendance for this convention is 5,000 including T.V. station
owners and managers, key network programming executives, producers of
syndicated television programs, foreign broadcasters, advertisers and press.
III. PARTICIPANTS
The President
IV. PRESS PLAN
None
V. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
The President will read his remarks from a teleprompter in the Diplomatic
Reception area.
attachment: to be submitted by the speechwriters office.
(Dolan/AB)
February 24, 1983
2:00 p.m.
PRESIDENTIAL TAPING: CONVENTION OF NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
TELEVISION PROGRAM EXECUTIVES
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1983
First, let me say how delighted I am to have this chance to
speak to all of you in the National Association of TV Program
Executives and wish you an enjoyable and productive convention in
Las Vegas. And I want to salute Chuck Larsen, the outgoing
president of NATPE, for the excellent job he has done and Stan
Marinoff of WISN-TV, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, your incoming
president.
Now I think all of you know I'm somewhat partial to your
business, or should I say our business, since television still
plays a pretty important role in life here at the White House.
But I'd like to be the first to admit the shows we put on here in
Washington -- no matter what our political opposition might
say -- aren't nearly as creative or humorous as those that you
produce.
But you know, the old cliche is true: television is great
entertainment, but it can also be a great art form, a chance to
ennoble and enlighten those who watch it. And it's also that
rarest of all things: a new art form, one unique to our age,
brought about by a telecommunications revolution every bit as
important as the American industrial revolution at the end of the
last century. So, in a sense, you're right on the cutting edge
of social history and of innovation in the arts. This is a heady
place to be, and I don't have to tell you that it carries with it
responsibilities and obligations to the public you serve.
Page 2
That's also true of those of us in Government, of course. I
think most of you know I subscribe to a political philosophy that
sees in the creative impulses of the people that real source of
our economic and social progress as a Nation. I've been saying
for a long time that too much Government carries with it the
danger of stifling the enterprise, initiative and the striving
for excellence that are trademarks of a free people. Because
this is the political principle that has motivated this
Administration, we've tried in our policies abroad to alleviate
the wrongs of oppressive state power and at home to free the
pent-up energies and creative talents of the people.
This is nowhere more evident than in our efforts to bring
about deregulation in your own business. I think all of you are
familiar with some of the steps that the Federal Communications
Commission has been taking in this area. We've had pretty good
success in the radio industry and now, in a reasonable and
prudent manner, we're cutting back on all those unnecessary
regulations on television that have grown up over the years.
Licensing terms and procedures, which can be very costly for
radio and TV stations, have been relaxed. The FCC committed
itself to allowing broadcasters full participation in the
marketplace technology of the future, including cable TV. And,
of course, the commitment of the FCC and this Administration to
first amendment rights for broadcasters remains firm and
enduring. Our goal is to make sure that the decisions in the
television industry are where they belong -- in your hands, not
those of the bureaucrats or special interests.
Page 3
The fact that we believe great social and economic progress
results from individual Americans working through associations
like yours is just one more reason why I want to wish you the
best at this convention. Good luck in the projects you undertake
to bring what is new, artful and entertaining to the American
public.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
February 24, 1983
TAPING SESSION
DATE: February 25, 1983
LOCATION: Diplomatic Reception Area
TIME: 3:00 PM
FROM: Mark Goode
I.
PURPOSE
To video tape a message from the President.
II.
BACKGROUND
This message will be played at the International Radio and Television
Society's Awards Presentation at the Waldorf Astoria on March 9th.
This year they are honoring Roone Arledge, President of ABC News and
Sports.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
The President
IV.
PRESS PLAN
None
V.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
The President will read the remarks from a teleprompter in the Diplomatic
Reception Area.
attachment; To be submitted by the speechwriters office.
(Maseng/AB)
February 24, 1983
12:00 p.m.
PRESIDENTIAL TAPING: MESSAGE FOR AWARDS CEREMONY BY
INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND TV SOCIETY
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1983
My heartiest congratulations to you, Roone, for a
well-deserved honor. Roone is legendary for total concentration
on his job and attention to every imaginable detail. Maybe you
know what I mean. I was going to call him today to congratulate
him in person, but I was afraid he wouldn't return my call
...
Some of you in the audience may not know that Roone and I
are both recipients of the International Radio and Television
Society Gold Medal. There's just one small difference -- Roone
got his for staying in the business, and I got mine for getting
out
You know, when I was asked to say a few words tonight, I
wondered whether it was such a good idea for Roone. Think about
it. If I say good things about him, the Democrats will want
equal time to say it isn't so
So, Roone, before Tip O'Neill comes in for rebuttal, let me
congratulate you on this award, which recognizes your creativity,
your ingenuity, your versatility -- and your sheer stamina.
As everyone there knows, your contributions to broadcasting
have been great. In sports, you and your team at ABC have been
responsible for so many innovations that we've come to take for
granted -- from the evolution of the Olympics as we know them
today to mastery of the technology that makes week-to-week
coverage of sports so much more exciting. In news, you've been
equally creative with technology, but the substance of some of
Page 2
your new programs should also be noted. Both "Nightline" and
"This Week With David Brinkley" have certainly broken new ground
in the news arena, and you deserve to be commended. Roone, your
contributions have been so significant that I want you to know I
consider even Sam Donaldson a small price to pay
Seriously, Roone, let me say that this award has special
meaning, because to be honored by one's peers is the highest form
of recognition. You have my most sincere congratulations as I
present this medal through Ave Butensky, President of the IRTS.
Roone, if you will step forward, Ave Butensky will make the
presentation on my behalf. Let me read the citation:
The International Radio and Television Society, Inc. is
pleased to award its highest honor, the Gold Medal, to Roone
Arledge, a man who has excelled in two seemingly diverse
fields -- news and sports -- by his enthusiasm, creativity, and
daring. Sports programming as it exists today is heavily
indebted to Roone Arledge's innovations, and he has enlivened and
expanded news coverage to an extent not seen in many years.