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EDICINE 312024665836 9.82 HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL MEDICINE ILLIUS 6 RICHMOND AD 541 Hunningion glenns John D ,Martribus Busine N/A 02115 Professor of Health Policy. Emergen 6174321410 Fab. 017 432-2363 February 27, 1997 Peter G. Bourne, M.D. Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street, NW, Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 Dear Peter: I am writing to add my support for the findings of the AAWH report on the Impact of the U.S. Embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba. I regret that travel plans will prevent my attending the news conference or March 3. Best wishes, Sincerely, Falius B. Recomand/SAT bourne card Former Surneon General Former Assistant Secretary for Health, HEW FEB-28-1997 16:15 WELLNESS UCE-SPH 5106422857 P.22 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY DAVIS INVINE 1.05 ANGELES RIVERSIDE SAN DIFCO SAN PRANCISCO SANTA BARBARA SANTA CRNZ SCHOOL ())' PUBLIC BEALTH CARL WATHEN RALL BORKELEY CALIFORNIA 91720-7300 February 28, 1997 Peter G. Bourne, M.D. Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street, Suite 1208 Washington, DC 200006 Dear Dr. Bourne: Thank you for sharing with me your report "The Impact of the U.S. Embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba." The report is objective, thorough and comprehensive. It clearly shows the devastating impact of the embargo. I congratulate you on this effort and sincerely hope that President Clinton and the Congress will give serious consideration to the findings, showing the serious adverse impact of the embargo on both the public health and medical care systems in Cuba. Sincerely, Jaya f Sarhof Joyce C. Lashof, M.D. Professor Emerita, Public Health Former Deoutv Assistant Secretarv, HEW Former President, American Public Health Assoc. Chair, President Clinton's Commission on Gulf War Syndrome UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES UCLA BEBRUTE) DAVIS THAINE TONANCTTEN RIVERSID) 11111 BARHARA SANTACHUZ . March 5, 1997 SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1100 GLENDON AVENUE F., SUITE 711 BOX 956900 LOS ANGELES CAI IFORNIA 90095 6900 (310) 794-0176 Peter G. Bourne, MD American Association for World Health 182.5 K Street, NW, Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 Dear Peter, Although it was not possible for me to attend the March 3rd news conference in Washington concerning the American Association for World Health study of the impact of the U.S. embargo on health care in Cuba, I do want strongly to support the study. It documents the embargo's severe adverse effect on the health and nutrition of the Cuban people. The U.S. Cuban embargo policy will certainly become known as one of the most shameful episodes in our country's foreign policy, and the longer it persists the greater the shame. I hope the American Association for World Health study will help reverse it. Sincerely yours, Les Lester Breslow, MD, MPH Professor and Dean Emeritus UCLA School of Public Health LB/bd ASPH ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH President Allan Rosenfield, MD Dean, School of Public Health Columbia University President-Elect Alfred Sommer. MD, MHS Dean. School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University May 22, 1997 Secretary-Treasurer Patricia A. Buffler MPH. PhD Dean, School of Public Health University of California at Berkeley Peter Bourne, MD Immediate Past-President Harvey V. Fineberg, MD. PhD Chairman of the Board Dean, School of Public Health American Association for World Health Harvard University 1825 K Street NW Accreditation Committee Chair Suite 1208 A. A. Afifi, PhD Washington, DC 20006 Dean, School of Public Health University of California at Los Angeles Dear Dr Bourne: Education Committee Chair R. Palmer Beasley, MD Dean, School of Public Health My colleagues and I applaud your fine work in bringing to the attention of the UT-Houston Health Science Center American people the negative impact of the U.S. embargo has had on Cuba, International Health particularly among its women and children. Its public health implications are clearly Committee Chair Michael H. Merson, MD (and throughly) stated in your report "The Impact of the U.S. Embargo on Health Dean of Public Health and Nutrition in Cuba." Yale University Legislative Committee Chair Sincerely, Susan C. Scrimshaw, PhD Dean, School of Public Health University of Illinois at Chicago allan Allan Rosenfield, Rosenfield New Schools Committee Chair David 0 Carpenter, MD Dean, School of Public Health University at Albany (SUNY) President Publications Committee Chair Richard S Kurz. PhD Dean, School of Public Health Saint Louis University Executive Director Michael K. Gemmell, CAE 1660 L STREET, NW SUITE 204 WASHINGTON, DC 20036 (202) 296-1099 Fax (202) 296-1252 Email: [email protected] ASPH Homepage http://www.asph.org American Psychiatric !?!! AMOUNT STATE Association June 17. 1997 1411 1400 K Street, N W. Peter (i. Bourne. MD. Washington, D.C. 20005 Telephone (202) 682-6000 Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street, N.W. Suite 1208 Washington, D.C. 20006 Dear Peter: Just a note to let you know that your report related to the public health impact in Cuba of the U.S. enibargo is receiving wide exposure within the APA. The APA's Committee on Abuse of Psychiatry and Psychiatrists received it and, believing that this is more of a medical issue than a purely psychiatric one. made the recommendation that the APA refer this to the American Medical Association through the AMA Section Council on Psychiatry with the request that the AMA look at these issues and consider taking a position. This request has successfully gone through the Council on International Affairs and the Joint Reference Committee and will be presented to the Board of Trustees in two weeks. The APA. therefore, has not taken a position on the embargo but has suggested that the AMA consider doing SO. I hope that this information is useful to you and I will let you know any decision of our Board of Trustees. In the meantime, I send you my best regards. Sincerely, Ellen Ellen Mercer Director, Office of International Affairs FEB-28-97 05:18 PM AAWH 2024665896 P.01 FEB 29 'ST 05:09PM SCHOOL OF NURSING P.1 Columbia University School of Nursing 2/28/97 American Association for World Health 1825 K Street Washington DC 20006 Dear Peter Bourne and Richard Wittenberg, You have done an exceedingly important project in documenting how the U.S. economic embargo against Cuba interferes with the basic right to humanitarian goods for citizens of that country. This is not an easy task as an embargo is an indirect and distal contributor to untoward health outcomes. In warfare there is a 'smoking gun' to point at in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. The embargos around the world present a far more complex situation but one which is no less important. Embargoes in the post-cold war environment seem to be replacing warfare as a means of pursuing hostile foreign policies. Unlike warfare, however, civilians are to date offered none of the protections ascribed in the Geneva conventions. Studies like yours are essential to identifying ways to protect civilians and lessen the burden on civilians of embargoes. You have done a very good job at a very difficult task. The American Public Health Association is deeply concerned with this issue and will work with the findings to move appropriate legislation forward Sincerely, Rulius Smilate Richard Garfield RN DrPH Henrik H Bendixen Professor of International Clinical Nursing Chair, International Human Rights Committee, APHA OFFICE: 617 Wes MAY MAILING ADDRESS 630 west 68% Street Now York VY (0032 Carnegie Corporation of New York 437 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10022 (212) 371-3200 . Telex: 6506377182 . Fax: (212) 223-9822 Patricia L Rosenfield, Ph.D. Program Chair Strengthening Human Resources in Developing Countries June 27, 1997 Peter G. Bourne, M.D. Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street, NW, Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 Dear Peter, Thank you SO much for sharing with me the important report from the American Association for World Health on the impact of the U.S. embargo on health and nutrition in Cuba. The human impact of such embargoes is clearly and sadly documented in this report. I am pleased to have it, although I am sorry for the reason that prompted the report. At the moment, I cannot make use of the full report, but I am pleased to know it is available and will certainly let you know if I can put the full report to good use. Congratulations to you and your colleagues for the courageous and carefully documented work. With warmest regards, = Sincerely, Pat PLR/sg 01/07/1997 15:39 32-2-514-28-13 PAGE 01 oxfam Ruc de Comesi 39. '05. group 39 1650 Brussel/Beig Te (32 2) 512 99:90 Fax !!! 28 13 (3 P/PCR 000-0000028 25 TVA/BTW BF 4'18 643 875 E Mal knooppung 1.- Solidariteit Oxfam-Solidarité en Belgique Oxfam-Solidarltait in Belge 19 Riga Ordam-Solidaris of Belgum Member x Oxfom International Solidarité Brussels, July 1 1997 To Dr. PETER BOURNE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR WORLD HEALTH Subject: AAWH Report "Denial of Food and Medecine" - Cuba Dear Mister Bourne, Oxfam-Solidarity is a Belgian non-governmental organization for North-South cooperation. After a discussion I recently had with Cathy Donahue of the International Policy Center in Washington, we decided to translate into French and Dutch the report from the American Association for World Health "Denial of food and medecine: the impact of the US-embargo on health and nutrition in Cuba" (March 1997) We try to inform a large public on the current situation in Cuba and we found the AAWH-report very accurate and interesting Can you, please, let us know the conditions for an authorized and exhaustive 1 publication of this report in French and Dutch? It could be interesting also to have some copies of this report at our office in Brussels. to distribute it among the members of the European Parliament Can you, please, let us know the prize for 100 copies of the report? Yours sincerely, DA Xavier Declereq Oxfam Solidarity Belgium AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY® 1943 OFFICERS: March 24. 1997 President KENNETHUM VISIT. IR. M.D Oshkosh Wisconsin Peter G. Bourne, M.D. President-Llect 1825 K. Street. NW. Suite 1208 SITVEN RINGH MD. Washington. DC 20006 Deriver, slorado Vice President Dear Dr. Bourne: STANTEY FAHN. M.D New York New York I am forwarding to you a copy of the letter AAN sent to President Clinton in 1994. Secretary DARRYL DI VIVO. M.D. The letter summarizes the position the Academy took on this issue during the crisis New York New York that existed in Cuba at that time. beasurer WILLIAM.H. STUART, M.D. I hope this information is helpful to you. Atlanta, Georgia COUNCILLORS: Sincerely. JAMES L. BERNAL M.D Lebanon New Hampshire KennothVisteck Kennath (dx) ANTONIO C ULEBRAS. MD. Kenneth Viste. M.D. Syracuse, New York American Academy of Neurology VIII HALL P EARNEST. M.D Denver, Colorado DMT/dx KATHLEEN M. FOUTY, M.D. New York. New York CC: Jan Kolchmainen JOHN C MAZZIOTTA, M.D. Rich Hames Los Angeles, California SANDRA F. OLSON. MD Chicago, Illinois ISABELLE RAPIN M.D. Bronx, New York JAY H. ROSENBERG. M.D. San Diego. California STEPHEN M SERGAY, M.D. Tampa, Florida Past President JACK P WHISNANT M.D. Rochester, Minnesota Editor-in-( That ROBERT B. DAROFF MD. Cleveland: Ohio President. AAN Education and Researc h Foundation FRANCIS KITTREDGE, M.D Bangor, Maine Executive Director JAN W KOLEHMAINEN Minneapolis, Minnesota BRAIN 0001 0002 EXECUTIVE OFFICE 2221 University Avenue S.E. Suite 335 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414 612/623-8115 FAX: 612/623-3504 Internet: [email protected] cc: Dr. G. Roman AMERiCAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY® 1948 OFFICERS: October 20, 1994 President JACK P. WHISNANT, M.D. Rochester, Minnesota President-Elect The Honorable William J. Clinton KENNETH M. VISTE IR M.D. Osnkosh. Wisconsin President of the United States The White House Vice President STANLEY FAHN, M.D. 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW New York, New York Washington, DC 20500 Secretary DARRYL C DE VIVO. no Dear Mr. President: New York, New York Treasurer The American Academy of Neurology (AAN), an ROBERT D. CURRIER. M.D. Jackson. Mississippi organization of over 13,000 neurologists and neuroscientists, urges your support of lifting the COUNCILLORS: embargo on Cuba for necessary nutritional and medical JAMES L BERNAT. M.D. White River junction. Vermont supplies. ANTONIO CULEBRAS. M.D. In the last several years there has been an epidemic of Syracuse. New York neurological disease in Cuba. This epidemic includes WDWIC GUTMANN. M.D. forgantown. West Virginia optic neuritis (visual loss), deafness, sensory neuropathy (loss of sensation in the hands and feet), ADIMIR HACHINSKI. M.D. and a spinal cord disorder (walking impairment) which London, Ontano Canada are attributed to nutritional deficiencies similar to IANICE M. MASSEY. M.D. those that occurred in some prisoner of war camps Dumam, North Carolina during World War II. SANDRA F. OLSON. M.D. Chicago. lilinois These problems have developed as a consequence of DAVID E. PLEASURE M.D. economic circumstances in Cuba related to the collapse iladetphia. Pennsvivania of the Soviet Union and the 30 year United States STc CHEN A. SERGAY. M.O. embargo on Cuba. The dietary deficiency appears to be T .pd. Florida due largely to a deficiency of vitamin B which is WILLIAM H. STUART. M.D. Atlanta. Georgia present in certain food groups. Past President The AAN, which takes a purely humanitarian position on TP N. ROSENBERG. M.D. this issue, seeks to find a solution for the serious neurological health problems in Cuba. I have enclosed NEURCLOCY ROBERT 8. DAROFF. M.D. Dr. Gustavo Roman's paper on this topic as additional a cland, Chio background material for you. Presidenc Neurology Education and Research Foundation I ask your support for lifting the embargo for FRANCS I. KITTREDGE M.D. Bangor, Maine nutritional and medical supplies. Executive Director JAN W. KOLEHMAINEN Sincerely, Minneapolis, Minnesora asain Jack P. Whisnant, M.D. President cod JW/DT/ajd EXECUTIVE OFFICE 2221 University Avenue S.E. Suite 335 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414 612/623-8115 FAX: 612/623-3504 КОЛ KAKIZAWA MEMBERSOL in HOUS of REPRESENTAUINES Tokyo, 29 May 1997 Mr. Peter G. Bourne Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street, NW, Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 USA Dear Mr Bourne, I would like to thank you for sending me the summary of your report concerning the humanitarian impact of the US embargo against Cuba. I read it with great interest and found it very useful. Please, know that you have my entire support. I wish you a great success in defending your noble cause. I look forward to meeting you again in the next future. Yours sincerely, REPRESES Koji Kakizawa Former Japanese Foreign Minister 12-Jun-97 09:28 CAC ROSEBERY GROUP 0181 365 3476 P.01 BARBADOS HIGH COMMISSION 1 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3JY TEL: 0171 631 4975 FAX: 0171 323 6872 SIR KENNETH STUART HOME ADDRESS: MD, DSc (Hon), FRCP, FRCPE, 3 The Garth FACP, FFPM, FFPHM, DTM Cobham Surrey KT11 2DZ Tel: 01932 863826 Hon. Medical & Scientific Adviser Fax: 01932 860427 Peter G Bourne Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street N.W. Suite 1208 Washington DC 20006 USA 12 June 1997 Dear Peter, Thanks very much for the elegantly presented executive summary of your report: "Denial of Food and Medicine: The Impact of the US embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba". As I am sure you know, throughout the Caribbean there has been neighbourly sympathy with Cuba for the effects of the US embargo on the health and welfare of its people. The press reports clearly reflect the wide interest the study has generated. I would be happy to receive the full report if this would be convenient for you. I would also welcome the opportunity to discuss it further with you next time we meet - particularly with a view to my helping to generate interest and support in the UK and the Caribbean. Yes, the meetings at Lainston House did become a bit of a charade. I hope that by now some of the hot-heads have come to their senses! Regards Sing Kin Kenneth Stuart NATIONAL FOREIGN TRADE COUNCIL, INC. 1625 K STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, DC 20006-1604 Tel (202) 887-0278 FAX. (202) 452-8160 NETC May 28. 1997 Mr. Peter G. Bourne. M.D. Chairman of the Board American Association for World Health 1825 K Street. NW Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 Dear Dr. Bourne: I am writing on behalf of USA*ENGAGE to request permission to reproduce on our website the Executive Summary of the American Association for World Health's study "Denial of Food and Medicine: The Impact of the U.S. Embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba." Jane Cicala of Boeing. a coalition member, brought this important work to my attention and recommended that I contact you directly. I believe that the study's compelling illustration of the human consequences of sanctions is an invaluable contribution to the growing evidence against unilateral sanctions USA*ENGAGE is a broad-based coalition representing nearly 500 American businesses, agriculture groups and trade associations. The organization supports American engagement overseas as the best means to promote human rights, values and American interests. Coalition members are undertaking a sustained effort to support greater overseas involvement by the United States at all levels political, diplomatic, economic, charitable. religious, education and cultural and to seek alternatives to the use of unilateral sanctions. I have enclosed the material released at our initial launch on April 16th, 1997 for your further reference. I hope that you will allow us to feature the study on our website, www.usaengage.org, and add the AAWH's voice to the chorus calling for an end to the accelerating use of an ineffective and harmful foreign policy tool. Sincerely, Frank Kittredge President NEW YORK OFFICE 1270 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020-1702 TEL: (212) 399-7128 FAX: (212) 399-7144 CUBAN AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR PEACE 720 South Park Avenue Linden. NJ 07036 U.S.A. Phone (908) 925-9656 Fax (908) 925-3222 June 28. 1997 The Honorable Esteban. E Torres United States House of Representatives Washington. DC 20515 Dear Representative Torres. I am writing you as president of the largest Cuban American organization in the United Sates on behalf of the membership. to thank you for your co-sponsorship of the Cuban Humanitarian Trade Act of 1997. Our organization consists of Cuban Americans who still have members of their family living on the island. For too long. U.S.-Cuba policy has been dominated by a small wealthy elite in Miami who have a score to settle while ignoring the suffering of Cubans on the island. as well as Cuban Americans here. The present embargo does not serve any purpose except to harm the Cuban people, most directly infants. children and the elderly. This was so clearly documented buy the recent report by the American Association for World Health, Our organization is pleased to know that there are legislators like yourself who have the courage to put politics aside, and think what is in the best interests of the Cuban American community here as well as the people of Cuba. Present policy does not promote democracy in Cuba. On the contrary it makes America appear like a big bully. Our organization thanks you for your courage and wants you to know that we will be sending a letter to every Congress person who as of yet not signed on as well as a copy of a summary of the American Association of World Health Report. You are truly a friend of the Cuban people as well as the Cuban American Community here in these great United States. Keep up the good work. You have our support, respect and admiration. Gratefully, Raymundo Del Toro. President Cuban American Committee for Peace AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR WORLD HEALTH 1825 R Street, N.: Suite 1208 Washington, DC 20006 Telephone 202-466-5883 AAWH PRESIDENT JIMMY ARTIR namman PETER G BOURNE, MD. April 16, 1997 charman of the Board RICHARD WITTENBERG and hu secutive Other Susan J. Blumenthal, M.D., MPA DENNIST 1. KELLER, 1.9. General counsel Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health BOARD Of DIRECTORS Assistant Surgeon General Office on Women's Health ELIZABETH FRAWLEY BAGLEY, J.D. US Ambassador to Portugal U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Lisbon, Portugal 200 Independence Avenue SW LARRY BAUM Room 730-B Semot Nice President, Community Relations Washington, D.C. 20201 Fedars-Sina Medical enter Los Angeles, California CHARLES H EPPS, JR., M.D. President For Health Attains Dear Susan, Messard Univ College of Medicine Washington, D( MARY JOY JAMESON 1 am pleased to enclose a copy of the executive summary of our report President Communications "Denial of Food and Medicine: The Impact of the US Embargo on Health and ACORD an Forest & Paper Association Washington, DC Nutrition in Cuba." It is the result of a year long study conducted by AAWH. I LUCINDA EYSTER LONG would particularly like to draw your attention to the section on women's health. Director. Public Policy As someone concerned about the effect of breast cancer in women everywhere I Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories St Davids Pennsylvania know you will share our concern about the impact of US policy in impeding the JOSEPH L. MOTTER efforts to screen for and treat that condition in Cuba. Women are dying vice President Mac 10 International unnecessarily in Cuba because of US policy, something we feel is unconscionable. Calverton. Maryland 1. PATRICK NICHOLSON Should you be interested in the full 300 page report we would be happy Chef Executive N.Viro Energy Systems, Ltd. to provide it to you. I hope also that you might be willing to convey to Secretary Toledo. Ohio of State Madeleine Albright concern that the involvement of the United States in JAMES E. SARN, M.D., M.P.H. inflicting this unnecessary suffering on women be ended. Director of Primary Care Office o: Health Population & Nutrition SAVE THE CHILDREN With personal regards. Westport, Connecticut ARTEMIS P. SIMOPOULOS, M.D. President Center for Genetics. Nutrition & Health Washington, D.C ELIOT SOREL, M.D. President Sincerely World Association for Social Psychiatry Washington, D.C. ELISABETH A. SQUEGLIA, J.D. Attorney Pate Bricker & Eckler Columbus, Ohio Peter G. Bourne, M.D. Chairman of the Board STEPHEN L. UMMEL National Advisor on Integrated Delivery Systems. Ernst S Young LLP Chicago. Illinois An educational and chantable, non-profit, non-governmental agency, tax exempt under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code, whose purpose is to inform the America an people about world health issues and problems, and to strengthen public support for activities and programs that improve health conditions worldwide AAWH serves as the U.S. Committee for the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization. Printed on Paper JUL 10-97 THU 12:32 DF. ELIZABETH-RUMAN- P.02 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: Support HR1951, the CUBAN HUMANITARIAN TRADE ACT to correct the unforeseen suffering caused by short-sighted foreign policy. U.S. physicians, Elizabeth Ruman D.C. and Steven Sholem M.D., embarked on a medical mission to Cuba, April 1997. They witnessed conditions to be worse then the AAWH report (see below). The infection rate from surgery was found to be higher and Cuban Intensive Care Unit doctors cited a 30% death rate of patients with infections because of a lack of antibiotics. Protein rationing was observed to be more severe then reported, the immune system compromised, leading to outbreaks of disease The doctors co-authored an emergency measure to help correct this situation. The Unitarian Universalists Action of Immediate Witness was adopted by the U.U. General Assembly in Phoenix, June 19-24, 1997. Where over a two-thirds majority of Unitarian Universalist delegates from all over the United States and the world voted to support the Exemption of Food. Medicine, and Medical Supplies From the United States Embargo Against Cuba. The American Association of World Health's (AAWH) March 1997, 300 page publication, "Denial of Food and Medicine - The Impact of the U.S. Embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba," is a valuable source of facts. Such as the absence of available medicines that would prevent children from vomiting 25- 30 times per day, while undergoing chemotherapy. Foreign countries fear the severe U.S. penalties from the Helms Burton Act and refuse Cuba 50% of available drugs (those under U.S. patent). This includes denial of purification chemicals and equipment, leading to epidemics, such as Hepatitis. The United States' medical legacy in Cuba has become the catalyst of a severe shortage of life-saving treatments. This is a nightmare of political intervention causing deprivation and illness which cruelly and unnecessarily injures the Cuban people. The U.S. policy has strictly limited health care administration in ways that were unforeseen by policy makers. The passage of this Resolution of Immediate Witness means over 1,000 Unitarian Universalist Congregations can be mobilized. We support The Cuban D Humanitarian Trade Act of 1997, HR 1951. CONTACTS: U.S. Representative Esteban E. Torres (D-CA), (202)225-9711 U.S. Representative James A. Leach (R-IA), (202)225-5258 FAX: Dr. Ruman for Esteban Torres' letter to Colleague (602) 957-9350 AAWH: (202)466-5883 Children die in agony as US trade ban stifles Cuba Victoria Brittain when the situation .11 the country IS already beyond description". Dr Bourne said HE United States T Child cancer sufferers are trade embargo some of the most distressing against Cuba has !ed victims of the embargo to needless deaths. which bans Cuba from buying left hospitalised children nearly half of the new world lying in agony as essential class drugs in a market domi drugs are denied them. and nated by US manufacturers forced doctors to work with The team visited a paediat. medical equipment at less ric ward which had been than half efficiency because without the nausea prevent they have no spare parts for ing drug. metclopramide HC1 their machinery according to for 22 days. It found that 35 an American study children undergoing chemo Health and nutrition stan therapy were comiting or: dards have been devastated average 28 to 30 times a day by the recent tightening of the Another girl, aged five, 111 a NEWSPAPER OF 37-year o!! US embargo. cancer ward lacking 1m which includes food imports. plantofix for chemotherapy. a team of American doctors. was being treated through research scientists and law. her jugular vein because all yers said after a year long her other veins had collapsed study of the country She was in excruciating pain Cubans daily intake of Surgical operations have calories dropped by a third dropped by a third in the last between 1989 and 1993. the five years because of the lack American Association for of hospital resources There World Health reports. There are chronic shortages of all is widespread suffering and supplies. from drugs to many needless deaths instruments. A humanitarian catastro Aids patients are also suf phe has been averted. the fering badly. Mergers of Euro report says. only by the high pean drug suppliers with US priority the Cuban govern companies have suddenly cut ment has given to health off alternative supplies spending. despite a steadily Cuba's own pharmaceutical worsening economic environ- industry is increasingly ham. ment. Defence. culture. arts pered as Washington pre and administration have vents European subsidiaries taken budget cuts to allow of US companies from selling extra spending on health. 11 materials Dr Peter Bourne. who Forty eight per cent of the headed the American team. 215 new drugs being tested in was the health adviser to Pres the US are specifically for ident Carter Speaking at the treatment of breast cancer report's British publication The embargo denies them In yesterday. he revealed that the Cuban women White House had been on the "Only the pre-existing ex verge of lifting the embargo in cellence of the system and the 1977. but drew back when Ha extraordinary dedication of vana sent a military force to the Cuban medical commu aid the new revolutionary gov nity have prevented infinitely errument in Ethiopia "But the greater loss of life and suffer. situation now is incomparably ing. the report says worse - then they could still Despite the difficulties. the get supplies from eastern country's infant mortality Europe and from US subsidiar- rate is still only half that of les," Dr Bourne said. Washington DC, and in access Since the embargo was to health services. immunisa tightened under the Bush tions and life expectancy administration in 1992. every Cuba compares with Europe. aspect of preventative her in In response to growing real care, from water purification isation in the US that the to books for the country's 28 embargo violates the United medical schools, or extra food Nations charter and the Gen- for the old and for children, eva Conventions, and threat- has come near to collapse. ens the future of the World Cuba's isolation has been Trade Organisation. a biparti- made worse since last year by san congressional group is to Friday the US, government's Helms introduce legislation within March Burton Act. which deters for the next two weeks to lift the 1997 eign investment at a time ban on food and drugs. SHINGTON POST * RIDAY. APRIL 4, 1997 A21 Stephen S. Rosenfeld Cuba, Food, Medicine America should not be in the business of inflicting pain. Off hand, it is hard to think of any single for- eign policy act by the United States that is meaner, more demeaning and altogether less defensible than the American embargo on medicine, medi- cal supplies and food to Cuba. Added in 1964 to the broader anti-Castro em- bargo begun in 1960, the ban on foods and medi- ASSOCIATED PRESS cines is now a largely unnoted fixture of the sanctions constricting Iraq. It is a loophole sub- hemispheric landscape. stantially more generous and more accessible than Unnoted but not ineffective. The ban is in fact the one affecting Cuba. Its use serves the people continually cutting deeper, making the United of Iraq and makes the other sanctions pressing on States a party-to a degree that needs some the Iraqi economy politically more sustainable. sorting out-to the infliction of pain and suffer- The same could be made true in Cuba. ung on an unoffending civilian population. The From the feel of things, the group that has toll is newly documented by a report a year in done this new study is sympathetic to the Castro the making by nine experts organized by the government's campaign against the whole American Association for World Health (1826 K American embargo. The group's evident liberal St. NW. Washington 20006). Its honorary chair- leanings can be pounced upon by those who man is Jimmy Carter. believe that against Castro anything goes. The end of Soviet subsidies and the passage of My own view is that at this late date the the Cuban Democracy Act of 1992 and the Helms-Burton Act of 1996, the report states, general embargo has a modest but lingering have done heavy damage that the island nation's utility as a card to play in a negotiated windup of the Communist regime. But the medical embar- world-hailed primary health care system has go is different. It mocks the notion that the been able to limit only in part. Malnutrition, purpose of medicine is to heal. It employs a deterioration of water quality and sometimes technique of war against civilians. It separates fatal deficits in medicines, equipment and medi- Americans from the practice and belief of our cal information are the.results. It is detailed and dramatic stuff. closest friends. If it is an increment in the power equation, it is a dubious one, less the source of When the report came out last month, the leverage than shame. Albright State Department was ready with a In the Cold War, we might have asserted a rejection of "any allegation that the United higher priority, the survival of our civilization. Does States government is responsible for the de- someone still need to be reminded that the Cold plorable state of health care in Cuba." Of its $2 War is over? That Castro's days as a threat to our billion in foreign-exchange purchases, Cuba security and global poise are gone? No doubt he spent only $6 million on medicine, said the would try to profit if the medical embargo were spokesman, observing that the embargo allows humanitarian shipments to Cuba and that "the lifted. But this is not going to be the measure by which he and his police state survive. United States" remains the largest donor. Fidel Castro chooses to spend not on his own people The question spins on as to whether engage- ment or isolation best erodes the mischief and the but on the "little toys" of his military and a power of revolutionary regimes. We need not be nuclear power plant, he jeered. the slaves of a foolish consistency. But if we have Look closely here: The United States deter- decided that engagement suits China and isolation minedly squeezes the medical sector and the suits Cuba, we are obliged to ask why. whole Cuban economy, harasses the Cubans for One reason for the inconsistency arises from trying to compensate and then blames Havana Cuba's visible presence in the neighborhood and for failing to lighten the impact. The American from the seeming feasibility of engineering government then boasts of opening the very change in a small close-by place. A second humanitarian loophole it strives in practice to reason is the startling readiness of the hard-line narrow. In fact, the fount of charity is not "the Miami Cubans to inflict pain upon their kin. United States" but private donors who must Another is a historical rage at what some Ameri- conquer the obstacles their government has cans perceive as Castro's insolence in maintain- strewn in their path. ing his power over our teeth-gnashing. But none Note that at the United Nations the Clinton of these considerations can possibly rise to a administration has just gotten Saddam Hussein to level justifying the denial of American medicines use the humanitarian loophole written into the to Cuban children. THE WALL STREET JOURNAL THURSDAY. APRIL 24, 1997 Target Castro, Not Cuba's People By MALCOLM WALLOP man rights is the worst in the region? For the Organization of American States, the Someday historians will be perplexed Pyongyang we offer nuclear technology. North American Free Trade Agreement, by the decline of American statecraft after heating oil, foodstuffs and cash assistance, the United Nations and the Geneva Con- the Cold War. Today's foreign-policy mak- and encourage the world to give more of ventions in order to light human-rights vi- ers claim morality. consistency and na- the same. How is It that we can engage olations with those o! our own is just plain tional interest as their guiding principles. China, the quintessential violator of hu- wrong. But I defy anyone looking at our current man rights. and permit weapons technol- Our passion for seriousness led the patchwork of embargoes. drug-war certifi- ogy transfers to Beljing. but we dare not Commerce Department in 1994 to deny an cations, most-favored-nation trading sta- provide breast-cancer screening technol- export license for a shipment of replace- tus and passion for human rights to find a ogy to Cuba? How Is It that Iraq. which ment parts, which had 27% U.S. content common thread in U.S. foreign policy. threatens not only us but our European and and a total value of less than $175, for 20- One of the obstacles to a truly consis- Persian Gulf allies, has our permission to year-old X-ray machines in maternity. pe- tent policy IS the overreaction to symbols. sell oil to buy basic food and medicine, diatric and rural hospitals in Cuba. De- Symbols are marvelous tools for the while we are so threatened by Mr. Castro spite the fact that Picker International had thoughtless. because they relieve policy that we cannot allow Cuban children ac- received licenses for similar replacement makers of the necessity to reason. Fidel cess to life-prolonging leukemia drugs? parts two years earlier. Commerce ruled Castro IS just such a symbol. He is unde- The American Association for World that the parts did not "meet basic human niably bad. He abuses human rights, and Health's report on the Impact of the U.S. needs" and that their export to Cuba would so our natural impulse is to punish him: Embargo on Health and Nutrition in Cuba be "detrimental to United States foreign Whatever :: takes, just to do 11. Pay no makes clear the shameful effects our pol- policy." mind if we h: the innocent and miss him- icy is having. Waterborne diseases are in- Perhaps President Clinton, who has fo- he is bad enough to excuse mistakes. This creasing in Cuba, for instance, because we cused on women's health and children's is- is a funny way for a great nation to be- won't allow repairs to U.S.-made water sues, does not know the lengths to which have. but IS just what we are doing by treatment facilities. I readily concede that his administration will go to deny medi- choosing medicine and basic food as Mr. Castro and his government violate cine and food. This president likes to pro- weapons in our war on the "the threat to their citizens' human rights, but for Amer- claim that at long last no American child our national security" called Cuba. ica to break its treaty obligations under now goes to bed with a Russian missile It's hard enough to understand how an aimed his way. Mr. Clinton now has an op- island of 11 milion people. now without its portunity to make sure that Cuban chil- Soviet protectors, threatens the world's dren not go to bed denied basic food and last superptiver. That worry alone tells essential medicine by the U.S. you how fe- military has declined dur- This IS not about forgiving Mr. Castro ing the Clintin years. Yet even if we ac- his sins, for I do not. Instead. my plea is cept this argument. how can a great nation that America not commit its own grievous like the U.S. target Cuba's civilians, in- sins by way of confronting him. There is cluding women and children. by denying plenty for us to do to pursue our interests. them necessary medicine? This has never but we could start by setting an example of been our policy toward such world evils as decency. Amending Helms-Burton to allow Iraq. Libya and Iran. Even in our darkest trade in food. medicine and medical tech- struggles WILL the Soviet Union, we never nology would be no concession to Fidel depended CC food and medicine as a Castro, but rather an acceptance of our weapon. own good nature. How is in are now contemplating per- mitting trade with and providing airlifts of Mr. Wallop, a former Republican senator food to Nith Korea-whose missiles from Wyoming, IS chairman of the Frontiers threaten us and our allies. whose troops of Freedom Institute in Arlington, Va. His threaten U.S. troops, which has an active private consulting chents include Sherritt nuclear. as as chemical and biological. International. a Toronto-based company weapons program and whose abuse of hu- with mining interests in Cuba. payed 11/28/77 SECRETARIA DE BIENESTAR SOCIAL HOSPITAL DEL NINO MORELENSE D , DIRECCION 7A4 to Petar, R-W March 31, 1997. sister of Peter G. Bourne, MD Chairman of the Board Bill Richardson AAWH 1129 20 th St. Nw, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20036 Dear Dr. Bourne : I would like to thank you for mailing me the study of the impact of the U.S. embargo on health care in Cuba. I will read it carefully, and encourage Bill's support for a change in policy, although I know he is already convinced it is badly needed. Sincerely, Vesta Richardson, MD. Acc.#945-241-057 9051-C Siempre Viva Rd. Suite MX21-14 San Diego, CA 92173 EFFECTS OF U.S. POLICY grams are no longer employed as a routine preventive procedure: they Cruel squeeze on Cuba are used only for high-risk patients. In 1994 and 1995. the lack of X-rav film halted all mananograms 111 Ha- by James M. Wall vana institutions and in 15 mobile units. The AAWH found that The embar- Is HARD to think of any single foreign policy act by the go prevents the Eastman Kodak com- I inted States that is meaner, more demeaning and altogeth- pany or any subsidiary from selling the U.S.-produced Kodak Mini-R film-a er less defensible than the American embargo on medicine, product specifically recommended by medical supplies and food to Cuba." That stinging rebuke the World Health Organization be- was delivered by Stephen S. Rosenfeld in the Washington Post. cause it exposes women to less radia- The embargo. first put in place in 1961 in an effort to topple Fidel tion." During the 1980s, as many as 15 mastectomies were performed daily; Castro. is not only mean and demeaning; it is also a complete fail- now, because of the lack of surgical ure. Castro is still in power. In addition, by including medicine supplies, the number has dropped to and food in the embargo, the U.S. is violating international two or three a day. Cuba tried to buy X-ray film from human rights conventions which call Yugoslavia. has ignored UN resolu- third-party trading companies, but for the free movement of food and tions that condenn the Cuba embar- ran into two problems. markups medicine, even in wartime, to civilian go and which call for the U.S. to re- priced the film out of the govern- populations. seind provisions of the embargo that ment's reach, and these third-party Seventeen years ago I spoke to a violate both the UN Charter and in- intermediaries were reluctant to pur- small Southern Baptist congregation ternational law. chase sufficient quantities in Havana. During the social hour a The damage inflicted to sell to Cuba even at in- woman told me of her daughter's on the Cuban people by Health flated prices because need for at medication. At that time the ban on food and experts large purchases would call she could get drugs from Eastern Eu- medicine has been docu- have now U.S. attention to sales that rope. but the particular drug she mented in a recent year- documented would be illegal under needed was available only from a U.S. long study conducted by U.S. law. company. Did I think, she asked, that the American Association the "tragic The AAWH teamalso after the upcoming presidential elec- for World Health. The human toll" reported that since 1992 tion her fellow Southern Baptist, medical investigators, di- exacted Cuba has been unable to Jimmy Carter. would lift the embargo rected by physician Peter by the U.S. purchae parts for the chlo- on food and medicine? I told her that Bourne, chair of the rination system that treats I had good reason to believe that AAWH board and a for- embargo. 70 percent of the country's Carter, if re-elected, would indeed mer official 111 the Carter drinking water. Morbidity lift that part of the ban. Three weeks administration, interviewed medical rates from water-born diseases have later, Carter lost the presidency to professionals and government offi- doubled since 1989. Ronald Reagan. cials, surveyed 12 American medical The embargo is not only still in and pharmaceutical companies, and place; it has been tightened. In 1992 documented the experience of Cuban A shortage of anesthetics and relat- ed equipment and of antibiotics George Bush signed the Cuban import firms. has forced a drop in the number of Democracy Act during a campaign AAWH concluded that the U.S. surgeries from 885,790 in 1990 to stop in Florida. and in 1996 Presi- embargo is "taking a tragic human 536,547 in 1995. When the AAWH dent Clinton signed the Helms-Bur- toll" on the Cuban people. Indeed, team visited one pediatric ward, it ton Act during his re-election cam- "the embargo has closed so many win- found that 35 children were vomiting paign. dows that in some instances Cuban 28 to 30 times a day from their It is the Helms-Burton Act which physicians have found it impossible to chemotherapy treatment, a reaction is SO stringent that it prevents foreign obtain lifesaving machines from any that is normally minimized with a companies from doing business in the source, under any circumstances. Pa- drug readily available in the U.S. U.S. if they "traffic" with Cuban com- tients have died." New drugs for breast cancer and chil- panies that hold properties that Cas- According to the report, until dren's leukemia are denied to women tro nationalized in 1960. The U.S., 1990 all Cuban women over the age and children in Cuba. which in recent years has turned to of 35 received mammograms on a The political logic behind a policy the United Nations to sanction its mil- regular basis at no cost. Today, with- of deliberately blocking Cuba from itary actions in Iraq and in the former out adequate equipment, mammo- access to medical supplies and drugs 547 CHRISTIAN CENTURY June 4.11. 1997 simple: some U.S. politicians 1 THEOLOGICAL INQUIRY their financial backers, most 110- the Caban- Americans who live South Florida and New Jersey Questioning Chavis Muhammad dreament one day returning to does: The Fidel Castro. Neither did by Linda A. Mercadante Deaght Eisenhower, who began the embango 111 1961 at the height of the cold war when Castro nationalized HE BOW-TIED Fruit of Islam spiritual reconnection of the African- the U.S. corporations in Cuba and declared his Marxist sympathies. T guards. the Nation of Islam's American community with the elite security corps, stood church." That move brought him decades of fi- conspicuously in the parking The event was not sponsored by named support from the Soviet lot, doorways and rooms of Trinity the seminary. Funds for it were Union. but it also lannched the U.S Entheran Seminary in Columbus, raised by Upchurch through a pri- embargo When the Soviet Union Ohio They were there to protect Ben- vate donor When that donor pulled collapsed 111 1989, its financial back- jamin Chavis Muhammad, formerly a out because of concerns about the for Cuba ended. The U.S. embar- United Church of Christ minister "anti-Semitic and antiwhite" atti- go-continues. executive director of the NAACP. tudes of the Nation, Upchurch re- Following the release of the in February converted to the ported. he covered the $5,000 fee AAWH report, the U.S. State De- of Islam. Chavis Muhammad that Chavis Muhammad received for partment quickly rejected "any alle- been invited to a press conference his appearance at Trinity and at two gatien that the United States govern- a dialogue with a panel of other church-related events 111 ment is responsible for the de- and ministers about his Columbus. Upchurch is an ex-con- plonable state of health care in that one can be a Christian viet who has told his life story in the Cubur A spokesman for Secretary of and a Nation of Islam minister simul- 1996 book Convicted in the Womb State Madeleine Albright maintained taneoush: (The Eastern North Caroli- One Man's Journey from Prisoner 10 the "loophole" in the embargo al- na Association of the UCC later re- Peacemaker lows for U.S. humanitarian ship- jected that claim and on April 21 Trinity's dean, James Childs. ments to Cuba from nongovernmen- to terminate Chavis Muhai stressed that the school did not seek tal ,Zencies. ministerial out the meeting "But when it was of- Accor ding to AAWH, however. With his national prominence, fered to us we felt it was worth doing. "donations from U.S. NCOs. interna- reputation as a civil rights leader, We provided a venue, because we tional agencies and third countries do long tenure in professional circles have a share of concern and solidarity not compensate to any major degree the church and his facility with Chris- with the social witness of the African- for the hardships inflicted by the em- tian concepts. Chavis Muhammad American church. If it's important to bargo 011 the health care system and obviously a very valuable convert them, it's important to us." the health of the Cuban people. Re- the Nation. At both the press confer- 1 was one of eight people asked to strictions placed on charitable dona- ence and the panel, the Fruit of participate on the panel, which was tions from the U.S. which are similar guards maintained a watchful postur composed equally of white and black to those imposed on commercial over Chavis Muhammad and his members, representing various de- trade have the same discouraging im- scrutinizing visitors, periodically ro- nominations and theological disci- pac: severely limiting what might tating their positions. It was plines. We were each to prepare a set otherwise be contributed." that after only two months as a Mus- of questions and were to be given The AAWH's conclusions are sup- lim, Chavis had already been designat- equal time to present them and hear ported by statistics and extensive in- ed a minister and a responses. Chavis Muhammad terviews with medical professionals in spokesman, and was permitted to re- opened the dialogue by calling for mu- Cuba and the U.S. But individual tain his Christian surname (called tual confession of one God, coopera- cases tell an even more powerful story: "slave name" in Nation tion and tolerance. This put the pan- "In one instance," the AAWH reports, simply adding elists in an awkward position. All of us "Cuban cardiologists diagnosed a The April 18-19 visit to Trinity were Christian elergy and had serious heart attack patient with a ventricular initiated by Carl Upchurch, a theological questions about Chavis arrhvthmia. He required an im- at Trinity who had previously Muhammad's desire to keep a foot ir plantable defibrillator to survive. with Chavis on the 1993 Gang Sum- each religious world. Yet we wantec Though the U.S. firm CPI, which then mit in Kansas City and on the very much to affirm our mutual socia held a virtual monopoly on the device, Man March of 1995. He concerns, to dialogue honestly, and to expressed a willingness to make the Chavis's conversion subjected to pub- sale. the U.S. government denied a li- lic theological scrutiny because, Linda A. Mercadante is professor of the cease for it. Two months later the pa- said, "Ben Chavis is attempting some- ology at the Methodist Theologica tient died." thing that threatens the School in Ohio in Delaware, Ohio CHRISTIAN CENTURY June 4-11, 1997 548 ISSN 1361-1828 LANDMARK ceipon £1.50 FARMERS WORLD NETWORK POLICY REFORM Pippa Woods (p11) of the Family FWN will be at the Farmers' Association argues the gricultural policy at the case for CAP policy reform forthcoming events! A national, European measures to protect family farms. Union and international Fabien Colpaert of CEIPAL offers 28 June North Yorkshire levels is the general an overview (p10) of a simulation County Show theme of this issue. study by INRA on the possible 30 June - 3 July effects of capping farm subsidies in The international trade in agricul- France, and Andy Welford reviews Royal Show tural products features in three a proposal by French farmer André 6 August North Devon articles in this issue. Jur Schuurman Pochon on CAP reform (p6). Show of PFS reports (p7) on a proposal by 7 August Honiton Show the Dutch Trade Minister to abolish The US embargo on the export of 12 August Taunton Show import duties on agricultural (and food to Cuba violates international 14 August Okehampton other) products from the 48 Least human rights. Peter G Bourne M.D. Show Developed Countries. reports (p4) on the hardships suf- 16 August Mid-Somerset fered by the Cuban population. The Penny Fowler of CHR discusses "right to food" is a human right says Show (p8/12) the future of the preferential Sigrun Skogly of FIAN, who are 20 August ... Egton Show trade arrangements between the EU launching a UK branch (p5). Whitby and 70 African, Caribbean and 28 August Melplash Show Pacific countries under the Lomé Nestlé come under renewed attack West Dorset Convention in the light of WTO (p3) from their critics. Aidan Harri- son casts a caustic eye over the late 6 September Dorchester .. regulations: can these arrangements survive? Does the EU have the and unlamented Tory government's Show political will to ensure that they do? record on tax and investment in UK agriculture (p2). "See you therel" Michelle Harrison explains how the imminent renegotiation of the Lomé And finally Chris Emerson reviews Convention bodes ill for the sugar a book on agricultural biotechnology industry in Jamaica (p9). (p12). Martin Wallis GHANA Exchange Visit Autumn 1997 Cost: about £1,000. Contact: Sue Rabbich on 01203 696969 ext 338 CHINA Exchange Visit Chinese Agriculturalists to visit Autumn 97; UK return visit Spring 1998 Cost about £1,000 Contact: Sue Rabbich on 01203 696969 ext 338 Farmers in the market place: What future under a liberalised regime? Photo: Odhiambo Ngesa, AGROSPHERE LANDMARK is published bi-monthly by the Farmers' World Network (FWN) in collaboration with CEIPAL. It aims to provide independent topical commens on agricultural issues, and associated questions of poverty and hunger, in a brief and accessible formas. FWN is funded by the EU, Christian Aid CAFOD and the Arthur Rank Centre, (NAC Stoneleigh). The opinions expressed do not necessarily reflec: the views of FWN or of its funders. THE US EMBARGO AND NUTRITION IN CUBA T he US embargo on Between 1985 and 1989, calorie A New Zealand milk producer exports of food and intake in Cuba exceeded 2,800 per cancelled a long-standing contract to medicine to Cuba, in day, with protein levels at 76 grams sell Cuba 1,500 metric tons of pow- force for over 30 years, has per day. By 1993 nutritional defi- dered milk because, under the new caused untold hardship to ordi- ciencies began to emerge in the restriction, they could find no ship- nary men, women and children in general population: the median per willing to carry it to Cuba. An Cuba. The embargo also violates weight of males and females Italian supplier could not find a international human rights con- dropped, with adolescents register- tanker for some 9,000 metric tons of ventions. Peter G. Bourne M.D. ing weight loss of at least 2 kilo- soy cooking oil. Some 17,000 met- of WH explains below. grams compared to 1982; and men ric tons of rice sat at sea while the and women aged 20 to 60 registered Chinese supplier argued for higher In 1961 the United States imposed a a marked weight loss. Cuba also freight charges. "total embargo upon all trade began to register deficient nutritional between Cuba and the US". Food status in women at the beginning of If food could be sent from the and medicine, originally exempted their pregnancies. United States, Cuba would save on humanitarian grounds, were $215,800 for each ship replacing a included in 1964. In the early years, The shortage of food created by the European freighter, and $516,700 support from the Soviet Union and embargo particularly affects the for each replacing an Asian access to European companies, newborn. In 1993, Cuba experi- freighter. Cuba paid an additional including US subsidiaries, meant enced a 23 per cent increase in low $35,881,896 to non-US suppliers that Cuba could obtain most of the birth weight babies. Being born at and shippers for deliveries of wheat food and medical supplies it needed. less than normal weight threatens flour, soy flour, corn, soy beans, not only the physical and mental chicken and milk. In the mid-eighties with the collapse development but even the very sur- of the socialist bloc this all changed. vival of many such infants. In addition, the ban on exports from In addition, in 1992 the so-called the US of fertilisers, pesticides, Cuban Emergency Act was passed Since 1992 more than 50,000 animal feed and fuel has seriously which, among other things, pro- Cubans have been affected by optic damaged production and crop yields. hibited trade with Cuba by US sub- nerve neuropathy - a condition In addition, denial of crucial sup- sidiaries based in third countries. caused by malnutrition resulting in plies and equipment has severely impaired vision. Anaemia caused by hampered applied agricultural In addition, boats which docked in inadequate dietary intake has been research, especially biotechnology Cuba were denied the right to found in more than 50 per cent of studies. unload cargo in the US for six pregnant women and infants aged 6 months. Suddenly there was an to 12 months. The situation has The inclusion of food and medicine acute food shortage in Cuba (as well improved somewhat as Cuba has in a trade embargo is a clear viol- as termination of access to much of established new suppliers, but ation of international human rights the medicine and medical equipment under-nutrition remains a serious conventions, most notably Article IV on which the country depended). problem. of the Geneva Convention, which require the free flow of food and In 1996, the American Association The entire impact of the embargo medicines, even in wartime, to serve for World Health conducted a year would have been truly catastrophic the basic needs of civilian popula- long study resulting in a report had it not been for the extraordinary tions. Food and medicine were not "Denial of Food and Medicine: the dedication and ingenuity of the included in the embargos against Impact of the US Embargo on Cuban physicians and the willing- South Africa, Libya, Iran or even Health and Nutrition in Cuba". It ness of the government to increase Iraq. looked in detail at the human suffer- the percentage of the national budget ing and even death that had resulted allocated for healthcare. In four consecutive sessions the from the US policy. United Nations General Assembly How this nutritional damage was has overwhelmingly passed resol- Apart from the damage to the medi- inflicted on the Cuban people is easy utions condemning the embargo and cal system and health of the Cuban to see. The tightening of the calling on the US to rescind those people caused by the American embargo in 1992, banning trade aspects that violate principles of denial of crucial drugs and equip- with US subsidiaries, forced supp- international law. The world com- ment, the study found that the liers to cancel contracts with Cuba munity has a special responsibility to embargo directly threatens the food that included purchases of baby food bring sufficient public pressure to security of the Cuban people. from H.J. Heinz of Canada and bear to end these efforts to starve $100 million in wheat, soy, beans, the people of Cuba. peas and lentils from the Argentine Peter G Bourne, M.D. subsidiary of Continental Grain Chairman of the Board, AAWH (New York) and from Cargill (Min- 1 AAWH is an independent non-governmental "The shortage of food created neapolis). organisation, one of the leading disease pre- by the embargo particularly vention/health promotion organisations in the US. Further information tel: 0171 828 5961 affects the newborn" INTERNATIONAL Herald Tribune PUBLISHED THE TIMES AND THE WASHINGTON POST MONDAY, APRIL 7, 1997 Cuba: Lift This Harsh Embargo on Medicines W ASHINGTON - Off- By Stephen S. Rosenfeld It employs a technique of war. hand, it is hard to think of against civilians. It separates any single foreign policy act by Helms-Burton Act of 1996. the that the embargo allows human- Americans from the practice the United States that is meaner, report states, have done heavy itarian shipments to Cuba and and belief of our closest friends; more demeaning and altogether damage that the island nation's that "the United States" re- If it is an increment in the power less defensible than the Amer- world-hailed primary health mains the largest donor. Fidel equation, it is a dubious one. ican embargo on medicines, care system has been able to Castro chooses to spend not on less the source of leverage than medical supplies and food to limit only in part. Malnutrition, his own people but on the "little of shame. Cuba. The ban was added in deterioration of water quality toys'' of his military and a nu- In the Cold War, we might 1964 to the broader anti-Castro and sometimes fatal deficits in clear power plant, he jeered. have asserted a higher priority, embargo begun in 1960. medicines, equipment and med- Look closely here: The the survival of our civilization. It is continually cutting deep- ical information are the results. United States determinedly Does someone still need to be er, making the United States a When the report came out squeezes the medical sector and reminded that the Cold War is party to the infliction of suf- last month, the Albright State the whole Cuban economy, har- over? That Mr. Castro's days as fering on an unoffending civil- Department was ready with a asses the Cubans for trying to a threat to U.S. security and ian population. The toll is newly rejection of any allegation that compensate and then blames global poise are gone? documented by a report, a year the United States government is Havana for failing to lighten the The question spins on as to in the making, by nine experts responsible for the deplorable impact. The American govern- whether engagement or isola- organized by the American As- state of health care in Cuba. ment then boasts of opening the tion best erodes the mischief sociation for World Health. Of its $2 billion in foreign very humanitarian loophole that and the power of revolutionary The end of Soviet subsidies exchange purchases. Cuba spent it strives in practice to narrow. regimes. We need not be the and the passage of the Cuban only $6 million on medicine, In fact, the fount of charity is slaves of a foolish consistency, Democracy Act of 1992 and the said the spokesman. observing not "the United States" but But if we have decided that cn- private donors. gagement suits China and iso- Note that at the United Na- lation suits Cuba, we are tions, the Clinton administra- obliged to ask why. tion has just got Saddam Hus- One reason for the inconsist- sein to use the humanitarian ency arises from Cuba's visible loophole written into the sanc- presence in the neighborhood tions constricting Iraq. It is a and from the seeming feasibility loophole substantially more of engineering change in a small generous and more accessible close-by place. A second is the than the one affecting Cuba. startling readiness of hard-line The group that has done this Miami Cubans to inflict pain new study seems sympathetic to upon their kin. Another is a his- the Castro government's cam- torical rage at what some Amer- paign against the whole Amer- icans perceive as Mr. Castro's ican embargo. My own view is insolence in maintaining his that at this late date the general power over our teeth-gnashing. embargo has a modest but None of these considerations lingering utility as a card to play can possibly rise to a level jus: in a negotiated windup of the tifying the denial of American Communist regime. But the medicines to Cuban children. medical embargo is different. The Washington Post. U.S. embargo drastically affecting health of Cubans, study concludes By JACK NELBON Los Ange Times Service WASHINGTON - The stringent U.S. embargo 'The declining availability of against Cuba that prohibits the sale of food and severely restricts the sale of medicine has signifi- foodstuffs, medicines and such cantly increased suffering and death on the island according to 0 yearlong study for the American basic medical supplies as Association for World Health replacement parts for 30-year-old Since the embargo was tightened by the 1992 Cuban Democracy Act, the health association X-ray machines is taking a tragic reports, the number of unmet medical needs - patients going without essential drugs or doctors human toll.' performing medical procedures without adequate AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR WORLD HEALTH equipment - has sharply accelerated. The declining availability or foodstuffs medi. between major U.S. and European pharmaceutical cines and such basic medical supplies as replace- companies further reduced the number of compa- ment parts for 30-year-old X-ray machines is taking nies permitted 10 trade with Cubn. a tragic human 1011." the medical expers report. Provisions 10 license the individual sale of The embargo has closed so many windows that in medicines and medical supplies - ostensibly 10 sorne instances Cuban physicians have found It miligate the embargo's impact on health-care delive impossible 10 obtain life-saving machines from any cry - that in practice are so restrictive that they source. under any circumstances. Patients have actively discourage medical commerce. Numerous died." licenses for medicines and medical equipment have The findings will bc released at a news confer- been denicd on the grounds that these exports ence today by the association. a nongovernmental, "would be detrimental to U.S. foreign policy inter- educational arm of the World Health Organization. CSIS A copy of the document was obtained by the Los A provision discouraging shippers from deliv- Angeles Times. ering medical supplies to Cuba by barring ships The health situation in Cuba has been aggra- from loading or unloading cargo in U.S. ports for vated in recent months by the effects of the Helms- 180 days after delivering cargo 10 Cuba. Burton Act passed by Congress in 1996, the associ. Long delays in licensing and other restrictions ation said. Helms. Burton seeks 10 discourage that have discouraged charitable contributions investment by permitting lawsuits to be filed in from the United States. U.S. courts against foreign invesiors who use US Cuba has managed 10 avert 3 "humanita" assets expropriated by Cuba. catastrophe" only because the Cuban government President Clinton announced in January that he has maintained a high level of budgetary support was delaying implementing the law for at least SIX for a system designed 10 deliver health care to all of months. But the report says the prospect or enforce- its citizens. according 10 the report. which noics ment has had a "chilling effect" on health-care pro- that Cuba still has an infant mortality rate half that viders who might contemplate trade with Cuba. of Washington, D.C. Although the health association makes 00 spe- The study (cam, made up of nine medical cific policy proposals in its 300-page report. it experts and headed by Dr. Peter G. Bourne, the emphasizes that 11 would be "only reasonable" for health association's board chairman, evaluated the United States 10 exempt food and medicine research based on visits to 28 patient-care facilities from ils embargo. International buman rights con. and 15 nongovernmental and international organi. ventions call for the free now of food and medicine zations, as well as interviews ulli. 160 professionals even during waitime. and "innumerable" patients anri families. The report constuded that human effects of the They also found that Cuban patients are embargo have been "dangerously exacerbated" by deprived of any drug internationally patented by four factors sternming from the 1992 act: U.S. manufacturers since 1982. Since the United A ban on by foreign subsidianes or U.S States boasts the world's leading pharmaceutical companies. which has severely constrained Cuba's research and production capability, the embargo ability 10 import medicines and medical supplies effectively bans Cuba from buying nearly half of from third countries. Recent buyouts and mergers new world-class drugs on the market. MH 3/3/97 Carib ean Bananas continued from page / ican Free Trade Agreement are like!s to be on the May agenda. spirits the 11 and the Council of Ministers In the drug arena, the US "decertified" Be Insight also stated that ACP 111111 exports to the Fl lize on February 28. complaining that its gov. would clain the terms of access kid down 111 cimment had not vet signed treaties on nur An editorially indepe ndent the Leane Convention tual legal assistance and extradition, of The ouned and the ommission stated agreed 10 an overthght amendment :- its CX publication of that 6 impact of the H agreement on isting marrime co-operation ("shiprider The West India ACP. .111 exports to the 11 would be "taken agreement Committee fulls 200 account in 1111 future negotiations The White House said: "( отириеа at the and a:! ingements" relating to 111111 exports highest levels of government continues to be Managing Editor after the expiry of the convention in 2000. a notable problem. As a result, investigations David Jessop The inxteties over trade are hkeh to and arrests were stymied and drug matticking Editor face next month al the planned meeting III was facilitated." The statement cited the at Rod Prince Barbados between US President Bill Clinton quittal, due to "mismanaged investigations and aribbean Community (Caricom) heads and destroved files". of the son of Home At- Nelson House of gove annent. The meeting. scheduled for fairs Minister Elito Urbina on diug-related S Northumberland Street May 10. will also discuss the anti-drug effort charges (see January 1997 Insight). London WC2N 5R and security issues. However, the US granted Belize A Tvital 11.1- Fel: 0171-976 1493 Prina Minister Owen Arthur of Barbados tional interest" wancr from decertification Fax: 0171-976 1541 chance .1 Caricom strategy meeting on March sanctions The Belize government demed the 25. on the eve of a meeting with President corruption allegations. Meanwhile the 1.1. For subscription rates. Clinton's senior director for global affairs on maican Foreign Ministry said on March 11 contact the above address. the National Security Council, Richard that difference with the US over a proposed For advertising rates contact: Clarke The marked decline in US economic shiprider agreement had not vet been 10 and 10 the Caribbean and the impact of Mex- solved: another meeting had been heduled Geraldine Flower Associates ican made advantages under the North Amer- for early April. 192 Acton Lane London WI 5DL Tel: 0181-747 8028 BRIEFING cluded 111 the embargo. signing a declaration o: lovalty Di Bourne. who chairs the 10 the revolution. ralism. Fax: 0181-747 8054 US doctors accuse AAWH. said in addressing the FideLand Raúl" Thede laration report's London launch that the is entitled The Mambes of the government over embargo had produced .1 20th Century". a rele 10 Cuban embargo "human tragedy" involving 1111- the 19th-century Mania mde- necessary death and suffering pendence fighters who had V11 The seport of .1 vear's study by Water-borne diseases and mal- malls defeated the Spanish Inted States doctors. scientists nutrition had increased. with forces when the US incervened and Lowvers mo the health of particularly serious effects 011 in 1898 10 bring Cuba under in fees of the US made embargo, children and old people. tutelage. published last month in Wash- While not solely responsible The Cuban militars have ington and London. stated that for problems in the health see: found particularly offensive a its impact on the health of the for, Dr Bourne said, the embar- statement in the "transition population had been "devastat- go had shortages 10. plan' that the armed forces ing" sulting from the economic would have a role in .1 post-rey The study team. headed by downturn following the collapse olutionary government Peter Bourne. former health ad- of the Soviet Union. However. the Cuban government last viscr to US ex-president Jimmy the high priority given to health month rejected .1 US State De- Carter. found that the embargo, care and the "extraordinary ded- partment claim that Chiban offi- which explicitly bans exports of ication of the Cuban medical cials had opened a diplomatic food and medical supplies to community" had prevented "in- pouch bound for the 11 Inter- Cuba. was limiting the supply of finitcly greater loss of life and cats Section in Havana aboard :1 medie mes, drugs. surgical suffering", the report said. commercial aircraft. equipment, N-133 film. anaes- It was reported that a bi-parti- Cuba rephed that the pouch theres and a wide range of san group in the US Congress was already open when : arrived other items. was planning to introduce legis- in Havana on Februars 18. The The study. organised by the lation to remove food and med Cuban statement complained American Association for World icines from the embargo. that the pone contained a large Health, said that the shortages Meanwhile, Cuban citizens number of copies of .: booklet had increased since the embargo throughout the country have entitled Support for a Immocratu was tightened in 1992 by the been holding public hearings Transition in Cuba. who CODE Torricelli Act (see November against US plans for a "democ- travened the Law of Reaffirma- 1992 Insight). The report de- ratic transition", presented by tion of Cuban Dignity and Sov. scribed the ban on food and US President Bill Clinton under ereighty. passed in December medicine as a violation of the Helms-Burton legislation. (see February Insight). human rights conventions; such which claim that between The US administration stated a measure had not been includ- US$4bn and US$8bn would be in late February that it would not ed III other US embargoes on made available under such a take part in the hearings of the countries such as Iran. "transition". World Trade Organisation Among other effec the team The president of the National panel on its dispute with the Eu reported that surgical opeΓa- Assembly, Ricardo Alarcón, has ropean Union over the Helms- (I INSIGHT ISSN tions performed III 1995 mum- been addressing meetings Burton Law (see March Insight). Printed by Crossprint Limited bered only 536.547. compared analysing the transition plan. im- The panel is charred be Arthur Daish Way, Dodnor Industrud Estate with $85,790 in 1990. while doc- plementation of which would. in Dunkel (Switzerland). the lot. Newpon. Isle of Wight 5XB 1015 had regular access to 889 the Cuban return the com- met director general of GATE Tel (01983) 524885 medicines. against 1.297 111 try to its pre 1959 status as a US in other two members are Fax: (01983) 522878 1991. New drugs and equipment neo-colony Forms Koh (Singapore) and and 112 Bermondsey Street manufactured by US sub- Starting with members of the Edward Woodfield (New London SE1 3TX sidiaries overseas were now in- armed forces, Cubans have been Zealand). Tuesday, March 4, 1997 NationWorldWatch THE TAMPA TRIBUNE Nation/World-15 Cubans suffering, study says SUMMARY: A new survey by an Ameri- vanced lifesaving drugs that we manufac- the group's researchers during four trips can group says the U.S. trade embargo IS ture in our country are simply not avail- he made to Cuba between 1993 and creating serious health care problems for able." 1995. children and adults in Cuba. Alfred W. Brann, a pediatrics profes- "My goal is to get this to the Ameri- sor at Emory University medical school, can people and let them decide for them- By DANIEL BERGER said the "unintended consequences" of selves if they want their country to be of The Tampa Tribune the embargo's effects against women, part of this," said Kirkpatrick, active in children and the elderly have made it an anti-embargo group called Cuba Vive. Severe shortages of medicine, medi- tougher than any U.S. trade action His study focused on obstacles U.S. cal and public health equipment created against Iran, Iraq or South Africa. companies face in selling medicine to Cu- by the U.S. trade embargo are destroy- Researchers, for instance. visited a ba. It was published in November in the ing Cuba's health care system. says a pediatric ward on its 22nd day without a British medical journal Lancet after a study just released by the American As- cancer drug used to fight nausea during major U.S. journal deemed the issue too sociation of World Health. chemotherapy. hot to handle. he said. "It is our expert medical opinion that the U.S. embargo has caused a signifi- "The 35 children in the ward were A study in the January American cant rise in suffering - and even death vomiting 28 to 30 times a day,' the Journal of Public Health found that Cu- - in Cuba," said the Washington-based study said. ba's death rate rose from 1989 to 1994, nonprofit research group. The world health association is led by mostly from 7.500 additional elderly The study finds the 37-year-old em- Peter Bourne, who advised former Presi- deaths. bargo lowered the average birth weights dent Carter on international health and Margarita Cancio, 37. a Cuban-Amer- of babies, raised infant mortality and con- who later served as assistant secretary- ican doctor and Tampa General Hospi- tributed, through worsening nutrition, to general to the United Nations. Its honor- tal's vice chief of staff. said she doubts an epidemic of neurological problems ary chairman is Carter. the health problems are new. sickening 50,000 people. The trade embargo was intensified by "What needs to be blamed is that Cuban doctors cannot adequately a 1992 law further limiting shipping to they have a political system that is op- screen women for breast cancer, the Cuba and restricting its ability to buy pressive, that does not allow personal lib- public water supply is infested, and chil- drugs from other countries. erty or economic growth,' she said. dren with treatable cancers are denied But Cancio, who left Cuba when she access to breakthrough drugs made by THE REPORT echoes two other was 11, is against the embargo. U.S. companies, the doctors who wrote studies, one by a University of South "It gives them an excuse,' she said. the study said Monday. Florida professor. "They want to blame the embargo and Anthony Kirkpatrick, a USF assistant the Yankees for everything that goes Tribune file photo "THE CUPBOARDS are bare," professor of anesthesiology and pharma- wrong in Cuba. Ending it, she said, The 37-year-old embargo has contributed, said Robert J. White of Case Western cology who wrote one of the earlier stud- "would take away that crutch." through worsening nutrition, to the sickening Reserve University medical school, a ies, endorsed the report Monday. Staff writer Phil Willon contributed to this of 50,000 people in Cuba, the study says. member of the research team. "Ad- He said he shared information with port. A20 WEDNESDAY, MAY 14, 1997 R The Washington Post AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Cuban Lies 3 A S,AN INDEX of the cynicism guiding the said. The smoke from the aircraft's smoke genera- leadership of Cuba, you cannot do much tor became "a white or grayish mist." better-or worse-than Havana's com- Reports from Havana note that the new charges Maint that the United States is conducting biolog- are in a long tradition of Cuba's assigning responsi- leal war. This bizarre and flimsy charge, which bility for its misfortunes to the schemes of the the American government has fully denied, was "Yankee imperialists" over the years. The charges brought against the United States at the United fit an attempt by the Cuban government to justify Nations earlier this month. possible summer food shortages resulting from It started with a routine cleared-by-Cuba over- some combination of natural causes, the American flight of a Colombia-bound civilian crop-dusting embargo and Communist mismanagement. plane last Oct. 21. Observing a Cuban commercial Hearing these ugly accusations, some in Cuba aircraft flying below, the American pilot followed and elsewhere will assume that Fidel Castro's procedure and marked his location with a puff of regime is simply lying. That's what we think. But smoke. Two months later Cuba complained that the others may be conditioned to give the accusations American plane-which, the State Department more credence by their knowledge of the dubious insists, carried no herbicide-had released some longtime American food and medicine embargo, unknown substance. In May Cuba went to the part of the broader embargo that has been in place United Nations to accuse Washington of "biological practically since President Castro took power. The aggression." saying that a plague of plant-destroy- United States should have reviewed this question ing insects identified as Thrips palmi had appeared years ago. The purpose of reviewing it now is not after the American flyover. The pest attacks practi- to repudiate the Castro lies-a necessary but cally every crop, resists pesticides and "can be tedious exercise. It is to demonstrate that Ameri- considered ideal biological agents able to inflict cans do not support this sort of infliction of hardship heavy damage on agricultural food crops," Cuba directly upon the unoffending Cuban people. A23 THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED TUESDAY, APRIL 22, 19 Er.H Cuba ETR Han Cuba Can't Change on Its Own must begin under them. How could it By Elizardo Sanchez tate a transformation. Unfortunatel be bloodless if the ouster of the re- gime were a precondition? U.S. policy the Helms-Burton Act, which amo Santacruz other things mandates sanctio: Some will argue that Castro Gov- against foreign companies that ernment will not permit change. To HAVANA only makes business in Cuba, makes it very dif; speak of reconciliation, says the Cu- ike people everywhere, Cubans cult for the United States to take pa ban exile leadership in Miami, is trea- yearn for peace, pros- repression worse. in such a dialogue. sonous. The pressures against Cuba perity and freedom. Our Still, even with the Helms-Burt must be maintained - even though challenge is to make Act in place, the United States Ci those pressures haven't produced our existing totalitarian play a less obstructive role. At t} anything in more than 35 years. state, which IS obsolete the large majority of Cubans under- very least, it should allow Europ I have spent more than nine years J stand this fact and want change. I Canada and Latin American cou. inefficient, evolve into a more in Fidel Castro's prisons, yet I am en system that is better attuned to believe that even the overwhelming tries to encourage economic and poli convinced that a hard-line approach global economy and the world majority of Cuban officials under- ical liberalization in Cuba. It shou, against his Government is based on stand it as well and that the top lead- also drop its objections to Cuba's rei: ound us. The Cuban people fervent- false assumptions. True, some top of- ership is sufficiently pragmatic to tegration into hemispheric affair want that change, but they insist ficials do not want to change any- move with the times. and its eventual re-entry into the 0 !! It occur peacefully. thing. But they do not have that luxu- Peaceful transformation can only Unfortunately, American policy im- ganization of American States. ry: Cuba, now without Soviet help, is pedes the transformation we seek. Washington should also lift all I achieved through a process of na- poverty-stricken. To recover, it must Efforts to pressure and isolate Cuba strictions on travel to Cuba by Amer nal reconciliation in which all polit- change. voices are included - even those simply give the leaders a pretext to cans. Is not the United States comm Modern economies depend on ac- continue their repression and allow ted under the Helsinki agreements the leaders of the present Govern- cess to information, on having people them to divert attention from their the free flow of people and ide: at. The transformation, after all, think for themselves, on the abilities failures. across borders? And how can OR of tens of thousand of managers to The vast majority of us on the sincerely argue that the cause 01 cardo Sanchez Santacruz is direc- make instant decisions. The central- island who oppose the Government more open Cuba would not be a of the Cuban Commission for ized economy and strait-jacketed po- believe that a dialogue and a relax- vanced by having as many Amer man Rights and National Recon- litical culture we now have simply ation of tensions between the United cans as possible in the streets of Ha lution cannot be competitive. I believe that States and Cuba would better facili- vana? (Critics will say that Cuba, to has travel controls. Well of course does: It is a totalitarian state. That i no reason for the United States 1 make the same mistake.) Finally, America should lift its em bargo sales of food and medicine 1. Cuba, a prohibition that violates inter national law and hurts the people, no the regime. Denying medicine to inno cent citizens is an odd way of demon strating support for human rights. The basic responsibility for Cuba' future rests with the Cubans them selves. We must begin reforms tha offer hope to all. But less rigidity 01 the part of the United States would di a lot to help that change begin. SK TUESDAY. MARCH 4. 1997 A11 E & DIPLOMACY ned Cyrus R. Vance. another former secretary of state. and former Bosma mediator Richard Hol- hara brooke before settling on Baker. they said ing dis- - John M. Goshko 13. U.N. for- II as his Health Study Faults Cuba Embargo ises be- The tightening of the U.S. embargo against Cuba ces said in 1992 has had a devastating impact on the health of ordinary Cubans, with patients often demed es nounced sential drugs and doctors working without ade- national quate equipment, according to a new report State The study by the Washington-based American Association for World Health savs the impact has been particularly severe on women. children. the : high- elderly and people with chronic diseases. Haved a "Our medical delegation found the tightening of Iraç in the embargo has had unintended consequences on el and the health of the Cuban people. including unneces- peace sary suffering and deaths," said Peter Bourne. chairman of the group's board and a former top ad- in viser on health issues to President Jimmy Carter. irocen. The State Department quickly challenged the re- port. saying Cuba had other trading partners and Front. the condition of its health system reflected its own in the national priorities. "If there's a finger to be pointed reed in about why the Cuban people don't have adequate medical supplies. it should be pointed directly at F1- super- del Castro," a spokesman said. its not ter el- Bourne said Cuba cannot get spare parts for the ges of U.S. equipment it has, The 1992 law tightening the Front embargo included a ban on trade with Cuba by U.S. if the subsidiaries in third countries. "We witnessed kid- ney dialysis, X-ray, respirators, incubators and oth- iresen- er lifesaving machinery standing idle for want of taches U.S. produced spare parts," Bourne said. idered - News Services The Nation's Health, April 1997 Health status in Cuba declining under embargo The U.S. embargo on Cuba has caused medicines, according to the study. Now, than recommended radiation levels as a suffering, particularly among women, any medical equipment with 20 percent result of not being able to purchase the children and people with chronic diseases, American-made components is prohib- safest film produced by the U.S. firm, according to a new study. ited. Kodak," Williams said. "The embargo The non-profit American Association "In an age of globalization of manufac- has prevented Cuba from providing a com- for World Health conducted a year-long turing, it is difficult to find any state-of- prehensive mammography-screening pro- study of Cuba to gauge the effects of the the art machinery that does not have some gram to Cuban women." U.S. embargo on food and medical sup- U.S.-built component," Bourne said The The study's authors said humanitarian plies. The findings: since the embargo AAWH delegation saw kidney dialysis donations of food and medicine have done was tightened in 1992, medicines are more machines, X-ray machines, respirators and little to mitigate the effects of the em- scarce, the water supply lacks proper fil- incubators standing idle in Cuba for lack bargo. tration and outdated medical equipment of U.S. parts, he said. For more information on the report, cannot be replaced with more reliable Robin Williams, MD, medical officer "Denial of Food and Medicine, The Im- machines. of health for the regional municipality of pact of the U.S. Embargo on Health & "Our medical delegation found the tight- Nicaragua, said he was dismayed by the Nutrition in Cuba," contact AWH, 1825 ening of the embargo has had unintended impact of the embargo on the breast can- K St., NW, Suite 1208, Washington, DC consequences on the health of the Cuban cer screening program in Cuba. 20006, (202) 466-5883. people, including unnecessary suffering "Cuban women are exposed to higher and deaths," said Peter Bourne, MD, chair- man of the AAWH board. APHA opposes the embargo. The study found that of the 1,297 medi- cines available in Cuba in 1991, physi- cians now have access to only 889 of those medicines. The 1992 trade ban prohibited Cuba from purchasing food from U.S. corpo- rate subsidiaries and imposed a licensing requirement for the sale of medicines and medical supplies to Cuba. Before the cutoff, more than 90 percent of U.S. subsidiary trade was in foods and 1 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON December 22, 1997 Ms. Mahnaz Afkhami Sisterhood is Global Institute 4343 Montgomery Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda, MD 20814 Dear Mahnaz: Thank you very much for Muslim Women and the Politics of Participation. We are pleased to have this valuable reference guide. Thanks and best wishes. Sincerely, Incle Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady THE WHITE HOUSE WASHHNGTON December 15, 1997 Ms. Barbara Allen 333 Heart Springs Drive Dripping Springs, TX 78620 Dear Ms.Allen: On behalf of the First Lady, thank you for your invitation to address the Children of Vision Symposium next Spring. It is too early to determine whether the First Lady will be able to attend. Our scheduling office will contact you once a decision has been made. Best wishes. Sincerely, Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady 04/21/1994 00:39 2105320958 AMERICAS PAGE 01 @ Barbara Allen cary bet 333 Heart Springs Dr. Dripping Springs, Texas 78620 12-8-97 Dear Hillary Clinton, Thank you for your commitment and service for the future of our children and all the great work you have done to inspire a positive future. I would like to invite you to review the overview for the Children of Vision Symposium to see if you would be interested in speaking at the symposium planned for March 7, 8, and 9, 1998 in NY city. There are three main ways in which you could participate: speak at the function over the weekend, join us at the Sunday evening reception that we will be hosting at the UN, or participate in the panel discussion and luncheon that will be held at the UN on Monday. March 9. We would be honored if you would consider any or all of these three possibilities. If it is not possible for you to be with us in person we would ask that you be present with us in spirit. James Redfield author of "The Celestine Prophecy" and Neil Walsh author of "Conversations With God" and many other authors and leaders are volunteering their time to be part of this vision and we would be honored to have you join us if it is a possibility for you. This is a non-profit fund raising event. We are providing airfare, hotel accommodations, expenses, and, if necessary, honorarium or non-profit tax deduction for fees donated. I realize it would be a giant commitment for you with your current schedule and I would not feel right asking if my belief in this work and level of commitment was not so unwavering. Again, we would be honored to have you join us and understand if it is not possible at this time. Please let us know as soon as you can so that we can finalize our plans and mail out information on the event. I would like to keep you informed about the unique work we are doing with young people and hope that you will be able to join in our efforts to serve our youth. Since 1988 I have been organizing and supporting international youth leadership camps. exchanges, and environmental summits with the UN. I have raised funds to bring 150 youth from Russia and hundreds of kids from over 30 different countries to participate in our leadership programs. All funding was developed through grass roots fund raising and inspiring families to participate by hosting children while they were in the USA. The Children of Vision Symposium we are organizing is our first public event and will raise funds for the summer of 1998 international camp and scholarships for young peoples human rights, environmental or community projects in their home countries. If you need any further information please call me. Barbara Allen 512- 894-3569, my fax is the same. I am so inspired by the thousands of young people I have mel from all over the world that are empowered with their own personal life vision and want to make a difference. I appreciate your consideration of being part of this event to create opportunities for children to manifest their dreams. Love and Blessings Barbara albn 04/21/1994 00:39 2105320958 AMERICAS PAGE 02 THE CHILDREN OF VISION SYMPOSIUM NEW YORK BENEFIT - March 7, 8, & 9, 1998 In 1957, the United Nations made a separate Declaration on the Rights of Children. By the end of 1993, 149 countries had signed the Convention on the Rights of the Child. "Mankind owes to the child the best it has to give..." Declaration on the Rights of the Child What are every child's birth rights? Are we channeling our planet's resources and focusing our priorities so that we will support our most precious natural resource, the children of the Earth? Imagine a world in which all children are nurtured and supported. A world in which all children have the opportunity to develop to their full potential so that they may express their unique talents. A world in which they are able to actively share the gift that they are to create a brighter future for all. This is the world that we at Chlidren of Vision prognosticate. "Until modern times young people could anticipate a future rather like their parents. Social change was that slow. Now young people face futures for which their parents' culture cannot prepare them. The young must create the future..." Margaret Mead The Children of Vision Symposium is a benefit supporting educational nonprofit organizations that provide international youth with leadership training and assist young people in conscious creative service towards a peaceful and sustainable global future. Supporting children to identify their personal passion and purpose in life and develop the skills necessary to manifest their visions to serve their home communities, as well as international projects, may well be the most significant use of our time and energy to create a sustainable global future. The Children of Vision Symposium is scheduled for the spring of 1998 in New York City. The benefit event is a weekend conference and celebration in support of Children of Vision. The money raised by this event will be used for a youth scholarship fund for international leadership programs. A secured venue in New York City, the Masonic Temple on Central Park West, offers 1200 seats for the program. On Sunday evening, March 8th, the Costa Rican 04/21/1994 00:39 2105320958 AMERICAS PAGE 03 the program. On Sunday evening, March 8th, the Costa Rican Ambassador to the United Nations and his wife will honor the speakers with a private party for other Ambassadors, corporate sponsors, and others committed to promoting children's vision. Costa Rica takes the lead as a country with no military and deep concern for children and will help to bring our global consciousness and deep humanitarian commitments to the forefront. On Monday, March 9th, a panel discussion and luncheon is planned with the participating presenters. This will be held at the Delegates Dining Room at the United Nations with UNICEF, UNEP, UNDP, and other officials in attendance. The objective of the Children of Vision Symposium is twofold. First, the program is designed to inspire participants to apply transformational tools and perceptions to create lives of fulfillment with genuine meaning and purpose. Second, the program will inform parents and mentors of the significance of nurturing and supporting the visions and dreams of the children in their lives. Given the opportunity our children's unique talents and personal journeys will unfold as a life of fulfillment and profound purpose, The conference is about supporting empowered young people to make a positive difference in the world. This symposium features brilliant speakers, such as James Redfield "Celestine Prophecy" and Neil Walsh "Conversations With God", who will share insights for discovering and expressing our unique life objective. The key to finding one's true life purpose can be found in the dreams and visions one imagined as a child. The human spirit of the innocent young child is truly bursting at the seams with potentiality, just waiting to express his/her dreams. The list of speakers for the Children of Vision Symposium consists of America's foremost teachers of transformational wisdom. Confirmed speakers are: James Redfield, Salle Merrill Redfield, Neal Walsch, Linda and Richard Eyre, Gary Zukav, Dr. Judith Orloff, Michael Ryce, Dr. Carlos Warter, and Gordon-Michael Scallion. These individuals bring exciting information that will open new avenues to benefit you and your children. Young leaders who have been supported in manifesting their dreams will share their successes and inspire us all to act upon our dreams. 04/21/1994 00:39 2105320958 AMERICAS PAGE 04 The symposium is designed to engage individuals in reconnecting with their childhood visions and their dreams of what they wanted to be. Our western focus on a material culture often leads to a sense of always striving for more, often times leaving us with an emptiness when we reach the goals we have struggled so hard to achieve. Our goal is to further the emergence of a culture with our souls and minds focused on the values of the human spirit. We believe this is the basis for authentic empowerment instead of external power struggles. Children of Vision supports young people to express their soul purpose in the service of a better world. We support children to participate in international leadership programs to prepare for their role as world citizens and future leaders. Many children want to make a difference in life. Because they are sensitive, the things they see around them that are unjust or tragic disturb them, especially when they feel powerless to do anything about it. Our goal is that proactive, energizing opportunity will replace victimizing and energy draining attitudes that suggest the world is just the way it is and there is nothing one person can do about it. The work of Children of Vision is to give children a forum that gives them the opportunity to learn leadership skills, to be able to work on issues that they feel are important, and to know they have the power to make the difference. We know children of vision who care and want to contribute. Help US mentor and support their journey to lead a life of higher purpose. 04/21/1994 00:39 2105320958 AMERICAS PAGE 05 Fax Cover Sheet From: Barbara Allen (512) 894-3569 phone & fax Date: 12-8-97 TO: Hillary Clinton # of pages including cover sheet: 5 Notes: Thanks - Barbara Allen and James Redfield THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 20, 1997 Ms. Bella Abzug President Women's Environment & Development Organization 355 Lexington Ave, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017-6603 Dear Bella: Thank you very much for your letter and for Promise Kept, Promise Broken? which I have shared with the First Lady. The progress that has been made since the Beijing conference in implementing the Platform for Action is heartening and WEDO's leadership has been invaluable. We are off to Central Asia, Russia and Ukraine where the First Lady will continue to underscore the themes of the Platform for Action. Thanks and best wishes. Sincerely, Melanne Chief of Staff to the First Lady WE Women's Environment and P DO Development Organization BOARD OF DIRECTORS October I, 1997 Bella Abzug. President Co former WEDO USA Ms. Melanne Verveer Thais Corral Vice President Assistant to the President and Chief of Staff to the First Lady Executive Derector REDER Office of the First Lady Network in Detense of Humankind Brazil OEOB. Room 100 Washington, DC 20500 Jocelyn Dow. Vice President Executive Director. Red Thread Women: Development Project Guyana Dear Melanne, Elin Enge Director. Norwegian We are pleased to present you with Promise Kept, Promise Broken? a global survey of Development Fund governments on national action plans to implement the Beijing Platform. This report updates Norway our March edition to cover nearly 80 per cent of all member states of the United Nations and Dr. Farkhonda Hassan, M.P. is being released to mark the second anniversary of the Beijing women's conference. Professor al Geology Lovid All 185 nations that adopted the Platform for Action at the U.N. Fourth World Conference Mim Kelber Secretary on Women in Beijing in September 1995 committed themselves, under Paragraph 297, to Co tounder, WI Dn preparing national action plans by 1996 to advance the status of women. This was the first USA time-bound commitment in the Beijing Platform. Brownie Ledbetter Treasurer President Arkansas Public Two years later. our survey has found that 110 nations have drawn up actual plans. Policy Group Twenty-one more have drafts ready. Only 29 countries are still silent, and non-response USA cannot be interpreted as inaction. Overall, our survey has found heartening evidence of Wangari Maathai forward movement on the Beijing agenda in a number of countries, despite significant Coondinator. Green Belt Movement economic, political and cultural factors that continue to undermine women's rights Kenya worldwide. Chief Bisi Ogunleye Vice President Coordinator. Countrywomen We have taken the initiative to track national action plans because the plan is a critical Association of Nigeria (COWAN) instrument that enables the wide-ranging Platform to be adapted to national needs and Nigena priorities. Our intention in bringing out this report is to sustain momentum on monitoring Maria Eugenia Penon implementation of the Beijing Platform. a process we began last year with the publication of Lannder and Vice President First Steps and Beyond Promises. six-month and one-year progress reports. and will THEM Lomdation continue in the next year. Costa Rica Vandana Shiva We welcome your feedback on this report, and look forward to our continued collaboration Director Research Foundation for Science to help realize the Beijing vision. Technology and Natural Resource Policy India Sincerely, Hon. Maxine Waters Member at 03 Connume USA Bella Faye Wattleton Willer /consultant President Bella S. Abzug Center Ini Gender Equality President USA Susan Davis. I securive Director WEDO is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit 3 202 educational organization mus POSTCONSUMER INK 355 Lexington Avenue, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017-6603 U.S.A. Tel: 212-973-0325 Fax: 212-973-0335 E-mail: [email protected] WWW: http://www.wedo.org WE Women's Environment and DO Development Organization BOARD OF DIRECTORS Bella Abzug. President Co-lounder. WEDO USA Press Release Contact: Bharati Sadasivam Thais Corral. Vice President Program Coordinator Executive Director REDEH September 9, 1997 Tel: 212.973 0325x207 Network III Defense of Humankind Brazil Embargoed until Friday, September 12, 1997 Jocelyn Dow Vice President Executive Director. Red Thread Women's Development Project WEDO GLOBAL SURVEY FINDS GOVERNMENTS Guyana PROGRESS ON NATIONAL ACTION PLANS Elin Enge FOR WOMEN'S EQUALITY Director Norwegian Development Fund Norway Two years after the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Dr. Farkhonda Hassan, M.P. Women in Beijing, a WEDO global survey has found that 110 governments Professor of Geology have drawn up national action plans to implement the Beijing Platform for Egypt Action. Twenty-one more have drafts ready. Together, 70 per cent of the Mim Kelber Secretary 187 delegations that attended the women's conference now have plans and Co-founder WEDO drafts to advance the political, economic and social status of women and USA girls, testifying to the commitment of many governments, as well as the Brownie Ledbetter Ineasurer determination of women's non-governmental organizations (NGOs), to President. Arkansas Public make good on the promises made in Beijing. Policy Group USA In a September update of its March 1997 report, WEDO has found Wangari Maathai that 47 more countries have drawn up actual plans, representing a 75 per Coomlinator. Green Bell Movement cent increase in the number of national plans. Eighteen of these are in Кенул Africa and nine in Asia, where governments are moving to act upon their Chief Bisi Ogunleye. Vice President Beijing commitments despite economic crises, political uncertainties and Coordinator, Countrywomen environments traditionally hostile to women's development. Only 29 Association of Nigeria (COWAN) countries are still silent, and non-response cannot in all instances be Nigeria interpreted as inaction. María Eugenia Penón Founder and Vice President. TUELF Foundation "There has been greater implementation of paragraph 297 of the Costa Ruca Beijing Platform [that asked governments to have national action plans in place by the end of 1996] than of most other provisions of U.N. conference Vandana Shiva Director. Research Foundation for Science agreements," Bella S. Abzug, WEDO President, said. "The recognition of Technology and Natural Resource Policy the importance of the national action plan by significant numbers of India ministers, parliamentarians, mayors and civil society can become a strong Hon. Maxine Waters rallying point for women's empowerment and make women in every Member of U.S. Congress country a serious political constituency." USA A heartening feature of the survey is that out of the 115 assessments Faye Wattleton Wnter consultant. President made by NGOs, 76 per cent say their governments are moving forward. A Center for Gender Equality small number among them have indicated forward movement citing USA policies and programs aimed at achieving gender equality, even though their governments may not have documents formally titled national action Susan Davis. Executive Director plans. In the U.K., for example, NGOs agree that the one-year progress WEDO is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit 202 educational organization POSTCONSUMER 355 Lexington Avenue, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017-6603 U.S.A. Tel: 212-973-0325 Fax: 212-973-0335 E-mail: [email protected] WWW: http://www.wedo.org report from the government lays out its progress on implementation and includes plans for the future. In Israel, while NGOs do not view the government document as a formal plan, they feel that government policies are taking the country forward. In the Caribbean, many countries are working on gender plans on a sectoral basis, even if they have not formulated national plans. wenty per cent say their countries are standing still either for lack of a plan, or the absence of implementing mechanisms and resources, or economic and political conditions that work against women's interests. Four per cent report backward movement for the same reasons. While the overall results of this survey suggest encouraging advances in implementing the Beijing Platform, they cannot obscure the fact that in many parts of the world concurrent global and national political and economic forces are undermining the gains made so far. The increasing momentum of economic globalization, cutbacks in state-supported social programs, and wars have combined to erode the human rights of large sections of populations, especially the health and living conditions of women and children. WEDO has taken the initiative to track this time-bound commitment in the Beijing Platform for Action because the national action plan is a critical step in the huge task of ensuring the progressive realization of the hefty Beijing agenda. Even in countries with longstanding programs and policies for women, a national plan can be a powerful tool with which governments can gauge strengths and weaknesses, set priorities, identify NGO partners and plot future directions in advancing women's empowerment. A focus on the action plan reinforces the need for commitment of political will at the highest level to advance the Platform in individual countries. NGOs across the world, who were among the primary sources of information for this survey, recognize that having a plan on paper does not necessarily result in women-centered development. Some have noted that their governments have unveiled plans that are little more than declarations of intent, without mechanisms or resources to match. "This awareness of the gap between rhetoric and reality is the starting point for concerted advocacy," Susan Davis, WEDO Executive Director, said. "The plan provides women activists with a means of constructive engagement with policy-makers by giving us a tool and a place at the table. It also challenges us to hone our advocacy and monitoring skills to ensure that the Beijing agenda is implemented according to each country's needs and priorities." The updated edition of Promise Kept, Promise Broken? marks the second anniversary of the Beijing women's conference and the third anniversary of the Cairo conference on population and development. The report will be formally presented to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan this month. ends Clinton Presidential Records Digital Records Marker This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff. This marker identifies the place of a publication. Publications have not been scanned in their entirety for the purpose of digitization. To see the full publication please search online or visit the Clinton Presidential Library's Research Room. PROMISE KEPT, PROMISE BROKEN? A Survey Of Governments On National Action Plans To Implement The Beijing Platform SEPT. UPDATED Paragraph 297 of the Beijing Platform for Action As soon as possible, preferably by the end of 1995, Governments, in consultation with relevant institutions and non - governmental organizations, should begin to develop implementation strategies for the Platform and preferably by the end of 1996, should have developed their strategies and plans of action. This planning process should draw upon persons at the highest level of authority in government and relevant actors in civil society. The implementation strategies should be comprehensive, have time-bound targets and benchmarks for monitoring, and include proposals for allocating or reallocating resources for implementation. Where WE Women's Environment and necessary, the support of the international community DO Development Organization could be enlisted, including resources. THE WHITE not SE WASHINGTON October 20, 1997 Dr. Susan Andersen Department of Psychology 6 Washington Place, Room 550 New York, NY 10003-6634 Dear Susan: It's good to have you in Washington where I'm sure you will make an important contribution to the public policy concerns we care SO much about. Thank you very much for your letter. I have forwarded your offer of assistance on to others here as well. Thanks and best wishes. Sincerely, Anie Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady New York University A private university in the public service Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Psychology Psychology Building 6 Washington Place, Room 550 New York. NY 10003-6634 Telephone: (212) 998-7900 FAX: (212) 995-4018 Sabbatical Address: 1701 16th Street, NW, #732 Washington, DC 20009 Tel: (202) 986-8718 Fax: (202) 986-6336 October 6, 1997 Ms. Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20050 Dear Melanne: Just a brief note to let you know that I did finally decide to take a one-year sabbatical from NYU, am here in Washington and available. If there is anything at all I can do for you and your Office as regards community service, the America Reads Initiative, the Race Relations Initiative, or the general aim of ensuring that the President truly comes to be known as the Education President, and the President who inspired Americans to "give back" through community service, I hope you will let me know. This is what brings me here, as I'm sure you've gathered All the best, Safey Susan M. Andersen Professor of Psychology SMA/s P.S. I'm affiliated with the Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies at GW while here (with Etzioni) - working on various projects concerned with community service and service-leaming - but it's easiest to reach me at the above address, phone, and fax. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 24, 1997 Dr. Susan Andersen Professor of Psychology New York University 6 Washington Place New York, NY 10003-6634 Dear Susan: Thank you very much for your thoughtful letter and good wishes. It was good to hear from you. Best wishes. Sincerely, Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady JUL-22-1997 11:46 NYU- CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 1 212 995 4292 P.02 Y New York University A private university in the public service R Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Psychology Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology 6 Washington Place, Suite 468 New York, NY 10003-6634 Telephone: (212) 998-7879 7799 FAX: (212) 995-4292 July 22, 1997 Ms. Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, D.C. 20050 Dear Melanne: I've just learned through Bill Barrett that you've taken on the Chief of Staff position in the First Lady's office. Just a note of congratulations, and to wish you the best of luck with this high stress, high profile job -- along with the thick skin and fortitude it seems to require. All the best to you, Susy Susan M Andersen Professor of Psychology Director of Graduate Studies in Psychology SMA/s TOTAL P.02 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 24, 1997 Ms. Debbie Atkinson Director Riverside Health System 606 Denbigh Boulevard Suite 504 Newport News, VA 23608 Dear Ms. Atkinson: On behalf of the First Lady, thank you very much for your letter and invitation to Riverside Health System's 1997 national conference. Regrettably, Mrs. Clinton is unable to accept your kind invitation as she is scheduled to be out of the country in November. However, we would be happy to provide you with a video greeting. If you are interested, please contact Evan Ryan at (202) 456-6266 for further information. Thanks and best wishes for a successful event. Sincerely, Men Chief of Staff to Melanne Verveer the First Lady R RIVERSIDE HEALTHSYSTEM Requer he creatry m request Melanne Verveer White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Video. Washington DC 20500 July 10, 1997 Dear Ms. Verveer: Enclosed you will find a copy of a letter addressed to Mrs. Clinton. I appreciate any assistance you may be able to provide in bringing this request to her attention. We have tenatively scheduled former First Lady Barbara Bush to close our conference scheduled for November 12th. Unfortunately, Colin Powell, originally scheduled, could not accept our invitation due to a West Coast commitment the day before. We eagerly await a response! Sincerely, Gbbu atkenson Debbie Atkinson, M.Ed., A.C.C.E. Director Community Health, Children's Health and Wellness Education Riverside Health System 606 Denbigh Boulevard Suite 504 Newport News, VA 23608 Phone: 757-875-7538 AM PARK 000/11 NEIGHBLYD 511 THE NEWPORT WASHI 3608-1412 RIVERSIDE HEALTHSYSTEM Hillary Rodham Clinton White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, D.C. 20500 June 4, 1997 Dear Mrs. Clinton: I attended the White House Conference on Early Childhood Development and heard you say, "That leaders from communities across the country need to be asked to make new commitments to ensure that young people will have the fundamental resources that will help them get on the road to success." I left that day filled with new knowledge, new determination, and an even greater respect for all of the work you have done to support families and children in America. I was also fortunate enough to have a brief conversation with you during the reception. When I told you that I was from the VA Peninsula and had worked very closely with the "I AM YOUR CHILD" campaign, as well as the ABC Special focused on the VA Peninsula community of Hampton, you asked that I keep you informed of our progress. Since that day I have worked passionately, using your example, to let our community know of your personal interest and support. We have found success in developing regional approaches to service delivery so that the good work of Hampton can be used to replicate intensive in-home support to more families peninsula-wide. In February, I sent you a letter of support for the White House Conference on Early Childhood Development and I also included vital information about my organization, Riverside Health System. Today, I am asking for your support on behalf of my community and my organization. Since 1992, over 1,000 health care leaders in America have attended the annual Riverside wellness conference in historic Williamsburg, Virginia. Our mission in gathering these leaders comes from our knowledge that the health care field is now faced with a future whereby we will be held accountable for not just "sick care," but for the health and well being of the communities we serve. On November 12, 13 and 14 Riverside Health System will shine a spotlight on the results of community health initiatives where the vision of a healthy community is no longer a dream. The first day of the 1997 national conference will feature Healthy Families America, Healthy Families Virginia, and the Hampton Healthy Families Partnership. The National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse has given this "first of its kind" event its highest endorsement and the Healthy Families VA organization will serve as a co-sponsor. 111 PARK offer 111 11.1 NEWPORT VIWSIA 2008 4112 We will target our audience to include leaders from hospitals and other health care providers and we will also share this opportunity with leaders from the community at large. We believe it is important to demonstrate the necessity of collaboration in all community health initiatives. We expect an audience of approximately 300 people. The conference will be held at the Kingsmill Resort and Conference Center in Williamsburg. I know, as I am a resident of Kingsmill, that you and the President have been to Kingsmill in past years. We have enjoyed glimpses of your arrival and departure and have been told that you very much enjoy our beautiful surroundings. Riverside Health System, the VA Peninsula and I personally would like to invite you to appear and provide a keynote message on the opening day of our conference; on November 12th in the late afternoon or early evening. We are also negotiating with the Washington Speaker's Bureau to include Gen. Colin Powell as a presenter. There is a possibility he will be available on November 14th which is our closing day. Riverside, the entire VA Peninsula and I eagerly await your response! Debbre Sincerely, atkenson Debbie Atkinson, M.Ed., A.C.C.E. Riverside Health System 606 Denbigh Boulevard Suite 504 Newport News VA 23608 Phone: 757-875-7538 Fax: 757-875-7816 NEWS RIVERSIDE FIRST CLASS JUL 16'97 E $ 5 5 E ≡ HEALTHSYSTEM FUMBER VA 7153324 U.S. POSTAGE DENBIGH PROFESSIONAL PARK 606 DENBIGH BLVD STE 504 - NEWPORT NEWS VA 23608-4442 MELANNE VERVEER CHIEF OF STAFF WHITE HOUSE 1600 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE WASHINGTON DC 20500 PHOTOCOPY RESERVATION COOLOH- a THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON July 28, 1997 H.E. Lubica Z. Acevska Embassy of Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 3050 K Street, NW Suite 210 Washington, DC 20007 Dear Ambassador Acevska: On behalf of the First Lady, thank you very much for your thoughtful letter and the gifts for the First Lady from Mrs. Todorovska. We have also acknowledged Mrs. Todorovska directly. Thanks and best wishes. Sincerely, w Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady The Ambassador of Macedonia Melanne Washington, D.C. BR. 022/113/97 27 June 1997 Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton First Lady The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Mrs. Clinton: The pleasure of forwarding the letter from Mrs. Savka Todorovska, President of the Union of Women's Organizations of the Republic of Macedonia, precedes the honor of presenting a traditional Macedonian apron and a CD from the Oscar nominee for best foreign film in 1995. "Before the Rain." I equally share the desire of the women of the Republic of Macedonia and their long time dream, to host your visit to our country, and full heartedly hope that I will be given the privilege to facilitate your trip at a time and manner of your convenience. The fact that I have been appointed to the most important diplomatic post, speaks of the progress of the Macedonian woman and the path it is on. Your respected visit to the "island of peace and stability" of the Balkans, as Macedonia is often referred to, will not only boost the positive process in my country but will influence the region as well. Wishing your family the best of health and happiness, I remain expectant of the honor to deliver the long expected news of your visit to the women of the Republic of Macedonia. Respect enclosures August 11, 1997 Ms Melanne Veveer The White House Office of the First Lady OEOB Room 100 Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Ms. Veveer: At the suggestion of a staff assistant in Mrs. Clinton's office, relative to her book promotion, and its identifying idea, "it takes a village to raise a child", I am enclosing a letter to her describing an existing work, entitled: "THE LITTLE CHRISTMAS TREE THAT SHINES WITH THE LIGHT OF LOVE". I sincerely believe that this narrative poem could be a signature work for her wonderful campaign. The author has assured me that she is sole owner of the coyright, and would be thrilled and excited to send a copy of her work to Mrs. Clinton, should she desire to read it. Unfortunately, I am leaving with my husband for an overseas business venture which will last at least three years. However, I have enclosed the name, telephone number and address of the author. I regret that my departure date is so soon, because I honestly believe, and others who have read the work agree, that this could be one of those works that resonates with the concern for family and society, with a spiritual overlay, an idea whose time seems to be coming with greater and greater speed, in significant measure due to Mrs. Clinton's efforts and dedication. I truly believe that Mrs. Clinton will agree that this work has tremendous power for all age groups, and offers wonderful possibilities for assisting her in her vital work for children, families and the nation. Yours truly, magaret Ainsley this JUSL I will Margaret R. Ainsley Lios Encl: Letter Huma OK your signature They will autopen of puodes Pl mays that their office this was something they they said that office re This H5+ + I spoke to Alice's FYI Melanne August 11, 1997 Mrs. Hillary Clinton The White House Washington, D.C. Dear Mrs. Clinton: My warmest congratulations to you for the outstanding success of your national campaign to focus on children, their importance and their needs, but most importantly the responsibility of society to protect and nurture them in their early and impressionable years. "It takes a village to raise a child" is a powerful mantra, sorely needed in today's world. With the number of high profile persons (e.g. Bill Bradley) who have joined you in your efforts or have embarked upon their own programs, as well as the communities and neighborhoods that have caught the spark, it is a resounding personal triumph for you! In the most important ways to count in ths world, efforts on behalf of and for the children are of the first magnitude. Which brings me to the reason for this letter. There is a work available, ( "THE LITTLE CHRISTMAS TREE THAT SHINES WITH THE LIGHT OF LOVE") which sums up in the most spiritual and gentle way all that you and your husband have tried to convey to the nation and to the rest of the world. We are all one universe, one globe, one people, encompassing the world of animals, natural beauty as one integrated, magnificent whole surrounded. enfolded and transcendant in the one God. Incredibly enough, this message is communicated by this poem subtlely to all ages, from the youngest child to the oldest adult. It has been said that a single truly spiritual message can be communicated simultaneously to the entire universe. This poem is an example of that kind of power. "The Little Christmas Tree That Shines Wtih the Light of Love," let me hasten to add, conveys a message that is not limited to nor necessarily more appropriate for the Christmas season. Therein lies its genius. It is truly for all seasons, all cultures, all living things under the Fatherhood of God. As a former P.R. person I believe that it could be a perfect signature piece for you and the successful campaign that your book has launched.. Several years ago, because of my enthusiasm for the poem, with the author's permission, I shared it with Susan Porter Rose, Mrs. Bush's Chief of Staff. They were enthusiastic and sought to use it later in Mrs. Bush's national plans. However, George Bush was not re-elected. I brought it to the attention of Patricia Stonesifer, who at that time was Senior V.P of the Consumer Division of Micro-Soft. She too was equally enthusiastic, shared it with other members of the Division, who then requested that they might keep their copy in their files, pending the development of the direction of the then new Consumer Division. Later the Dreamworks/Microsoft entity was formed, with the indication that initally there would probably be concentration on their own self- developed materials, but again, they requested permission to retain their copy.. Unfortunately, I do not have a copy of the poem for you to read. However, I have contacted that author, and she has indicated that there are no copyright owners except herself, and she has not entered into any agreements, because she believes that the work is "special" ! When asked if she would be willing to forward a copy to you, should you be interested in reading it, her response was very enthusiastic, understandably enough, because of your book. In addition, she shared some extraordinary information with regard to the possibility of its being presented in another art form by a world famed company. I am enclosing the name, address and telephone of the author should you wish to have your staff contact her, I certainly hope that you will do so; I am willing to be a "guarantor" that you will be as moved as have been others who have read it or heard it. Enclosed are the name, address and telephone number of the author: Joanne Garland 4807 17th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C., 20011 Tel.No.: 202 722 1808 With warmest appreciation for your time, Yours truly, Margare Margaret R. Ainsley Dinaley THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON December 2, 1997 Dr. Susan Andersen 1701 16th Street, NW, #732 Washington, DC 20009 Dear Susan: Thank you for your thoughtful letter and for sharing with me your letter to Harris Wofford. You always make a lot of sense. I am also grateful to you for your comments on The Washington Post Magazine article. I'm just glad I survived the experience. Best wishes in all you do. Sincerely, Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady R New York University A private university in the public service Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Psychology Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology 6 Washington Place, Suite 468 New York, NY 10003-6634 Telephone: (212) 998-7979 FAX: (212) 995-4292 Sabbatical Address: Prof. Susan M. Andersen 1701 16th Street, NW, #732 Washington, DC 20009 Tel: (202)986-8718 Fax: (202)986-6336 FAX COVER SHEET DATE: 11/26/97 TO: Melanne Verveer FAX NUMBER 456-6244 PHONE NUMBER: 456-6266 FROM: at subbatical eddress(abive) NUMBER OF PAGES (INCLUDING COVER SHEET): 4 New York University A private university in the public service Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Psychology Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology 6 Washington Place, Suite 468 New York, NY 10003-6634 Telephone: (212) 998-7979 FAX: (212) 995-4292 Sabbatical Address: 1701 16th Street, NW, #732 Washington, DC 20009 Tel: (202)986-8718 Fax: (202) 986-6336 11/26/97 Dear Mclanne- what a wonder ful anticle on you in the Post Magazine! From the Selma march, to People for the Amer. was (which I've been a member of since it's riception) and Common cause, no wonder it felt So easy to connect with you when we met. And with feet on the ground, but eges on the stars, you are por traged much as I've envisoned our President, so they obviously have the right person in you. And although I an ever more exquisitely ware that the Administration cannot do everything it might with to do, In enclosing a highl. gated section of a brief letter I recently sent to Harris How Waffird paging through recently mread Posts in case you may find it of interest. and funny to come to be upon this great piece on gon. P.S. Have a good An the best, Safen Andersen Thanksgiving. New York University A private university in the public service Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Psychology Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology 6 Washington Place, Suite 468 New York, NY 10003-6634 Telephone: (212) 998-7979 FAX: (212) 995-4292 Sabbatical Address: 1701 16th Street, NW, #732 Washington, DC 20009 Tel: (202) 986-8718 Fax: (202) 986-6336 November 20, 1997 Sen. Harris Wofford, CEO Corporation for National Service 1201 New York Avenue Washington, D.C. 20525 Dear Sen. Wofford: Thanks very much for stopping by my workshop at the New England Community Service Learning Conference on Tuesday, and for your kind remarks. I'm sending along the handout you read through briefly, which I heard from Marilyn and Malcolm that you wanted a copy of The handout is part of a position paper I'm finishing for the Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies at GW (where I am affiliated while on sabbatical here in Washington), and it may perhaps surface in something for the Partnering Initiative as well. FYI, I'm also enclosing the letter you may have heard about that I sent to the White House last month, which may be what provoked their inquiry about the potential value of service learning in promoting positive intergroup relations - for the Race Relations Initiative. A follow-up letter I wrote more recently is also enclosed. My aim while in Washington is to do whatever I can in whatever way I can to help you and the President in efforts to promote the ethic of service and caring in our society, enhancing common bonds and shared purpose among Americans. It seems to me this can be done through cultivating a coherent national voice on these pressing matters that is repeatedly heard, giving Americans something to be proud of and something to strive toward, and of course through helping to promote concrete actions that can be taken to make this a reality in American life. In terms of the latter, given that all the America Reads funding for the Corporation is located in AmeriCorps, I hope you'll consider directing your staff to find a way to commit 1/3 or so of these dcllars to support AmeriCorps programs that specifically facilitate service learning (such as City Year does, among others). If you do this, high school students can be trained to tutor first and second graders in service learning as the President intended in the original bill - that was stuck in committee before the balanced budget agreement fashioned a new America Reads solution. Assuming the legal issues can be worked out, AmeriCorps announcements and application instructions could be rewritten so as to emphasize such proposals; this would increase many-fold the number of tutors who could be trained, while facilitating the ethic of service and caring in more young people in the context of K-12 and higher education. To be responsive to the spirit of the Race Relations Initiative simultaneously, the announcements could also emphasize that proposals articulate outreach efforts within schools to make sure that service learning activities extend across racial and ethnic and other boundaries between groups, and/or involve collaborations with community based organizations that enable such diversity by including service-learning students from other schools or diverse community volunteers. An enhanced sense of caring and acceptance of others from diverse backgrounds is at the heart of character education Hence, empowering students to take responsibility to make a difference in their community has as much to offer to character education as it does to civic education and education for participatory democracy. In any event, congratulations on this new funding, and I'd love to talk more about any of these things if you'd like. And I'd also love to hear more about how you think I should be involved in the Goal 5 Task Force, which you mentioned to me on Tuesday, and which I would happily do depending on what you have in mind. Thank you for inviting me, by the way, to the August meeting, which I was sorry I could not attend, but I was recovering from major surgery at that moment. If there is anything at all I can do to help with your wonderful work, I hope you'll let me know. All the best, Susan M Andersen Professor of Psychology (NYU), Senior Research Associate, Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies, George Washington University THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON December 2, 1997 Ms. Joanne Alter Chair, Working in the Schools 150 East Huron, Suite 900 Chicago, IL 606011 Dear Joanne: Thank you very much for your letter and invitation to the First Lady to Working in the Schools' tutoring program in Chicago. I have forwarded your letter to Patti Solis Doyle, Director of Scheduling for the First Lady, and she will be in touch. However, it is too early to determine at this time whether the First Lady will be able to attend in March. Best wishes. Sincerely, Nice Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady R WITS WORKING IN THE SCHOOLS November 21, 1997 Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff-Mrs. Hillary Clinton The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, DC 20500 Dear Melanne: Jim joins me in sending our belated thanks for everything you and Mrs. Clinton's staff did to make our visit to the White House a huge success. It was a lovely, memorable evening. In discussing the WITS (Working In The Schools) tutoring program and a possible visit to Chicago, you and Bobbie Greene suggested that I request a specific time so we could begin to explore possibilities. Wednesday, March 4 is a good date for us. We would like to ask Mrs. Clinton to speak at our Breakfast and Books event and then tutor a child in a nearby inner city school. WITS Executive Director, Matt Pickering, stands ready to help in every way. Also, thanks for the nice words about Jon. My best regards to you and a special hello to Bobbie Green. Joanne Joanne Alter Sincerely, alter Chair Enclosures 150 East Huron - Suite 900, Chicago, Illinois 60611, 312-751-WITS (9487) THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON November 6. 1997 Ms. Joanne Alter Chair Working in the Schools 150 East Huron Suite 900 Chicago, IL 60611 Dear Ms. Alter: Thank you very much for your letter and information on Working in the Schools. which I have shared with the First Lady and other members of the First Lady's staff. It was a pleasure to meet you at the NPR event. As we told you - and it bears repeating - we are all fans of your son. Thanks and best wishes in your important work. Your commitment is inspiring to all of us. Sincerely. will Melanne Verveer Chief of Staff to the First Lady R WITS WORKING IN THE SCHOOLS October 29, 1997 Ms. Mellane Verveer Chief of Staff Office of Hillary Clinton The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Ms. Verveer: When I met with Mrs. Clinton in Chicago on Monday, I gave her some information about WITS, Working in the Schools. Please find enclosed a brochure on WITS with additional information about this innovative program. Mrs. Clinton put the information I gave her in her handbag, so I am hopeful she was able to read it. Thank you for your interest in the program. Sincerely, loanne alter Joanne Alter Chair 150 East Huron - Suite 900, Chicago, Illinois 60611, 312-751-WITS (9487) Working In The Schools M WITS G FR4 -. The mission of Working In The Schools (WITS) is to promote ff will mess your and you have been great ter is and I will remember agence every time we are in a reading group. I will mers apout taking Latoria 110, and me with you. You mean a lot to me. and always will be my favoit reading teacher, you and Borle. Your Patrice friend, HOTOCO ESERVATION BOBY @@@@@@@ XOFOO =1 the learning development of children in urban, public elementary schools Thank you for giving us our books. d will enjoy it all summer, The manne of it is Journey off the Sparrows and I will try to read one chapter a day before I got out and play I read une page No for that I will read more books when d get through sending my look I will read more devirs! Thank you for volunteering in our class We really enjoyed your stay here and we hope you can, come back to visit MS- for a day but if you can't see you next year when we are in faith grade We are goreney to miss you when you hears us PHOTOCO ESERVATIO through tutoring and mentoring programs provided within the schools If just wanted to tell the Incrent Greek book with you that I had fun reading you. When we were acting like the acient Greek it was really fun. and you made me laugh so hard that my mouth was falling off kind to our class and Thankyou for being so thankyou for the book it was nice. Well I hope you and you husband have a nice tripe. Eriba your friend, PHOTOCOPY ESERVATION # G 0 THE <<<< THE OF <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< I BELONG ? <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Stude by multi- generational volunteers from the community. Than Kyou for Sam thecat, IKoow I haven't been with your reading group, but I know Teaher. you will maked good peading your Rebecca friend, 00 L PHOTOCOPY ESERVATIC share importantly, given children the skills VATS they need to succeed. learn Working In The Schools (WITS) touches the lives of countless students every day Through one-on-one tutoring and There are two ways you can get involved mentoring. WITS volunteers are become a volunteer, or become a corpo- explore committed to teaching and developing rate partner As a volunteer, you are only the minds of children in urban, public required to devote a minimum of three elementary schools hours every other week. As a corporate care partner, you allow your employees time off every other week to tutor during the WITS began as a grassrools volunteer work day. In return, WITS provides: hope program in Chicago in 1991. The non- orientation and training profit organization has since grown placement and coordination into an award winning. public-private safe, convenient round-trip transportation understand partnership that serves as a national model for corporate volunteerism. WITS has reintroduced community members Provides role models for school children bellievee to their schools, provided teachers and Helps students and teachers principals needed support, and most achieve their goals Encourages community involvement America's Future. This commitment was cited "The WITS program has had a posi- weres on WITS Creates camaraderie among volunteers by Newsweek as one of the top 20 commit- tive impact on our students in many Re-energizes public education ments, out of the more than 250 accepted. "Working In The Schools has made a signifi- ways, providing motivation and indi- Recognized by Chicago's Mayor cant contribution to our efforts to improve vidual attention. The volunteers dedi- business benefits Richard M Daley, who held up WITS to education for Chicago children. Through cation has improved their progress Shows a commitment to the community the nation as a model volunteer program private sector involvement in public schools, and self-esteem Boosts employee morale during his tenure as president of the U.S. this unique program provides much-needed Sondra Satino Print pel. and productivity Conference of Mayors. human resources and helps prepare Edn and Jennery bodemy Arra Encourages team-building Selected by Chicago Public Schools students for their futures I'm pleased to "Working with students and helping Provides a program for retirees Board President Gery Chico and CEO Paul support WITS as it expands nationally." them learn is such a rewarding experi- Improves the quality of your Vallas as one of the key organizations in Mayor Fishard M. Darey, Chv 57 Chicago ence. The small breakthroughs they have future work force the 10,000 Tutors Program. "I believe we have a corporate responsi- made during the school year have made Commended by U.S. Secretary of bility to the community, and through it so worthwhile They teach me just as our achievements Education Richard W. Riley as "o vital WITS, we receive much more than we much as teach them." Since its inception, WITS has distinguished service organization that is making give. There is no greater return on our Lynn Egar, WITS Volun itself. Among our achievements: education better, child by child." investment than the rewards of taking an Smith Sarney Cn cogo Earned a commitment from EVEREN Named by Illinois Governor Jim Edgar active role in the education of our chil- our number Securities, Inc. to expand WITS' corporate and the Illinois Department on Aging as dren, employees and future clients." volunteerism initiative to 20 cities by the year the recipient of the 1994 Governor's Jones F. Bone. Chairman and CEO, To become a volunteer, or for additional 2000 at the 1997 Presidents' Summit for Award for Unique Achievement. EVEREN Securities Inc. information, please contact 888.660 printing H MACDONALD photography. SANDRO / MARTHA BROCK design. SAMATAMASON Working In The Schools (WITS) 888.660 WITS

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Verveer, Melanne Correspondence: July to December 1997: A-B [3]

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collections	Records of the First Lady's Office (Clinton Administration) Melanne Verveer's Correspondence files
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