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{
    "localId": "133841",
    "label": "Crucifixion with the Two Thieves",
    "core": "obj",
    "dtoType": "drawing"
}

{
    "id": "133841",
    "contentType": "drawing",
    "title": "Crucifixion with the Two Thieves",
    "description": "To make this drawing—which could be a <em>ricordi</em> (a visual record of a painting)—the artist first sketched part of the composition with charcoal before completing it with pen and ink. Charcoal was not regularly used as a drawing medium until the second half of the 1400s. Even then, it was usually a secondary medium, as seen here, meant to sketch or outline figures to be completed in other media. Charcoal and black chalk became more popular with later generations of artists, including Michelangelo, who found the supple qualities of the media ideal for rendering the human figure.",
    "date": "1450–1500",
    "citation": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1956.43",
    "rights": "CC0",
    "rightsUri": "CC0",
    "language": "en",
    "wikidata": [
        "Q60759503"
    ],
    "genreSpecific": [
        "Drawing"
    ],
    "iiifBase": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1956.43/1956.43_web.jpg",
    "thumbnailUrl": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1956.43/1956.43_web.jpg",
    "largeImageUrl": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1956.43/1956.43_web.jpg",
    "imageCount": 1,
    "source": "import",
    "dimensionsRaw": "Sheet: 24.4 x 19.4 cm (9 5/8 x 7 5/8 in.)",
    "cul": [
        "Italy, Piedmont"
    ],
    "accession": "1956.43"
}

{
    "tec": "pen and brown ink and black chalk",
    "tombstone": "Crucifixion with the Two Thieves, 1450–1500. Italy, Piedmont. Pen and brown ink and black chalk; sheet: 24.4 x 19.4 cm (9 5/8 x 7 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Delia E. and L. E. Holden Funds and John L. Severance Fund, 1956.43",
    "supportMaterials": [
        {
            "description": "beige(1) laid paper partially prepared with red chalk wash"
        }
    ],
    "collection": "DR - Italian",
    "didYouKnow": "In the left foreground Christ's grieving mother, Mary, is supported by two other women: Mary Magdalene and Mary of Clopas. This common grouping is often called the Three Marys.",
    "citations": [
        {
            "citation": "Francis, Henry S. “Rare Italian Drawings” <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 45, no. 8 (1958): 195–202.",
            "page_number": "Reproduced: cover; Mentioned: p. 195-197.",
            "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25142287"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Ragghianti, Carlo L., ed. “Acquisti di Musei.” <em>Sele arte</em>, no. 40 (March 1959).",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced p.58 (as Altichiero)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Verdier, Phillippe, ed. <em>The International Style: The Arts in Europe Around 1400</em>. Walters Art Gallery, 1962.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p.1, n.1; pl.XXXVII (as circle of Altichiero)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Ames, Winslow.<em> Great Drawings of All Time: Italian</em>. Vol. 1, edited by Ira Moskowitz and Victoria Thorson. Great Drawings of All Time. Shorewood Publishers, 1962.",
            "page_number": "n.6 (As Altichiero Altichieri)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
            "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 58",
            "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n82"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Kruft, Hanno-Walter. “Altichiero Und Avanzo : Untersuchungen Zur Oberitalienischen Malerei Des Ausgehenden Trecento.” Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 1966.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned: 186, no. 13"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Scholz, Janos. “Italian Drawings in the Art Museum of Princeton University.” <em>The Burlington Magazine </em>109, no. 770 (1967): 290–99.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned: p.293 (as attributed to Altichiero)",
            "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/875302"
        },
        {
            "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
            "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 58",
            "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n82"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Evans, M. W. <em>Medieval Drawings</em>. Feltham: Hamlyn, 1969.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p.40, pl.121 (as circle of Altichiero)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
            "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 66",
            "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n86"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Olszewski, Edward J. <em>Drawings in Midwestern Collections: Early Works</em>. Vol. 1, edited by Burton L. Dunbar and Edward J. Olszewski. Drawings in Midwestern Collections: A Corpus Compiled by the Midwest Art History Society. University of Missouri Press, 1996.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: n.3, p. 14-17 (as Bernardino Jacopi Butinone)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Karet, Evelyn, and Peter Windows. “The ‘Antonio II Badile Album’ of Drawings: A Reconstruction of an Early Sixteenth Century Collection.” <em>Arte Lombarda</em>, no. 145 (3) (2005): 23–56.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: 50-51, fig 6, 26v[93] (as Veronese artist after  Altichiero Altichieri)"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Degenhart, Bernhard, Annegrit Schmitt, Hans-Joachim Eberhardt, et al. <em>Verona Badile-Album: Studiensammlung Einer Veroneser Künstlerwerkstatt</em>. Vol. 3. Corpus Der Italienischen Zeichnungen 1300-1450. Biering &amp; Brinkmann, 2010.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: 290-299, n.836, pl.59"
        },
        {
            "citation": "Karet, Evelyn. The Antonio II Badile Album of Drawings: The Origins of Collecting Drawings in Early Modern Northern Italy. With Peter Windows and Alessandra Zamperini. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2014.",
            "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: 77-78, appendix 1: 26v; appendix 2b: 26v"
        }
    ],
    "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1956.43",
    "creditline": "Delia E. and L. E. Holden Funds and John L. Severance Fund",
    "updatedAt": "2026-06-13 11:47:05.483000",
    "imageUrl": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1956.43/1956.43_print.jpg",
    "sourceId": 133841,
    "dept": "Drawings",
    "coll": "DR - Italian",
    "med": "pen and brown ink and black chalk",
    "thumbnail_url": null,
    "image_url": null
}

{
    "seq": 1,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "photo",
    "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1956.43/1956.43_web.jpg",
    "mediaId": "1f0888f167774d89"
}