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Source Description
Many religions were syncretistic, meaning that as they grew and came into contact with other religions, they adopted new beliefs and modified their practices to reflect their changing environment. Both Greek and Roman religious beliefs were deeply influenced by the so-called mystery religions of the East, including the Egyptian cult of Isis, which revealed beliefs and practices to the initiated that remained unexplained, or mysterious, to the uninitiated. Most popular Roman cults had associations with these mystery religions and included the prospect of an afterlife.Sabazius was an eastern god of fertility and vegetation, who in Roman times was worshiped in association with other deities, particularly Dionysus (or Bacchus, as he was generally known to the Romans). His cult inspired a series of votive images of hands, the fingers of which form the gesture of benediction still familiar in Christian practice. Missing from this example is the small figure of Sabazius himself, who was typically seated in the palm of the hand above the ram's head. Around him are his major cult symbols, including a snake, a lizard, and the heads of a lion, a ram, and a bull. On the tip of the thumb is the pinecone of Dionysus. The opening in the wrist, shaped like a temple, had a hinged door that revealed an unknown, lost object, perhaps a reclining mother and child, as seen in other examples.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
20966
label
Hand of Sabazius
core
obj
dtoType
sculpture
citationUrl
pageCount
4
Source metadata
id
20966
sourceUrl
contentType
sculpture
stage
normalized
title
Hand of Sabazius
description
Many religions were syncretistic, meaning that as they grew and came into contact with other religions, they adopted new beliefs and modified their practices to reflect their changing environment. Both Greek and Roman religious beliefs were deeply influenced by the so-called mystery religions of the East, including the Egyptian cult of Isis, which revealed beliefs and practices to the initiated that remained unexplained, or mysterious, to the uninitiated. Most popular Roman cults had associations with these mystery religions and included the prospect of an afterlife.Sabazius was an eastern god of fertility and vegetation, who in Roman times was worshiped in association with other deities, particularly Dionysus (or Bacchus, as he was generally known to the Romans). His cult inspired a series of votive images of hands, the fingers of which form the gesture of benediction still familiar in Christian practice. Missing from this example is the small figure of Sabazius himself, who was typically seated in the palm of the hand above the ram's head. Around him are his major cult symbols, including a snake, a lizard, and the heads of a lion, a ram, and a bull. On the tip of the thumb is the pinecone of Dionysus. The opening in the wrist, shaped like a temple, had a hinged door that revealed an unknown, lost object, perhaps a reclining mother and child, as seen in other examples.
provenance
Sebastiano Lentini, Rome, [through Eolo Cossetti of the Italian Embassy, Washington, D.C.] [date and mode of acquisition unknown]; Walters Art Museum, 1961, by purchase.
date
3rd century CE (Roman Imperial)
citationUrl
rightsUri
CC0
language
en
genreSpecific
Metal
hands
sculptures
imageCount
4
pageCount
4
source
import
dimensions
units
cm
width
21
height
11
depth
8.4
dimensionsRaw
H: 8 1/4 x W: 4 5/16 x D: 3 5/16 in. (21 x 11 x 8.4 cm)
Source extras
cul
Roman
med
bronze
creator_ids
6191
collection_ids
ROM
exhibition_ids
1994
2507
Page inventory
seq
1
type
photo
mediaId
bf263b2936cd6f86
hasOcr
no
hasDescription
no
seq
2
type
photo
mediaId
b2a052e54639f8bc
hasOcr
no
hasDescription
no
seq
3
type
photo
mediaId
9b2549b99486c39a
hasOcr
no
hasDescription
no
seq
4
type
photo
mediaId
73b5c107006218da
hasOcr
no
hasDescription
no