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{
    "localId": "24325425",
    "label": "Report S: Hints for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, in Camps, Transports, and Hospitals",
    "core": "doc",
    "dtoType": "document",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24325425"
}

{
    "id": "24325425",
    "sourceUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24325425",
    "contentType": "document",
    "title": "Report S: Hints for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, in Camps, Transports, and Hospitals",
    "description": "This item is an essay that provides advice regarding the control and prevention of infectious diseases in camps, transports, and hospitals. Diseases referred to include smallpox, measles, typhus fever, cholera, and yellow fever.",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24325425",
    "collections": [
        "Records of the American National Red Cross",
        "Reports, Essays, and Other Issuances"
    ],
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    "hasImages": true,
    "source": "import",
    "hasTranscription": false
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{
    "url": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24325425",
    "naId": 24325425,
    "levelOfDescription": "item",
    "productionDates": [
        {
            "logicalDate": "1863-01-01",
            "year": 1863
        }
    ],
    "recordType": "description",
    "ocrSource": "nara-archive"
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{
    "seq": 10,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "photo",
    "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/25/3254/24325425/content/dc-metro/anrc/6014936/box-1/hd1-105422032-010-ac.jpg",
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    "ocrText": "19\n21\npersonally infectious qualities, that question is so involved\nThe mooted\nquestion of per-\nmoved and carefully kept from exposure in any way to other\nin indefinite contingencies and consequent doubts, that it is\nsonal communi-\ncability not dis-\npersons than the patients themselves.\ncussed in this\nThe same disinfectants are required as in the manage- fectants.\nSpecial I disin-\npractically of very subordinate importance. It is only paper.\nnecessary to our purpose to refer to the causes that tend\nment of the 2d class of infections, especially should there\nespecially to localize and to perpetuate these maladies.\nThe special con-\nditions and local-\nbe a free application of quicklime or the alkaline chlorides\nDependent upon widely different sources, these diseases\nizing causes\nalone considered.\nin the immediate control of all excretions from the patients,\nagree in their dependence mainly upon external agencies,\nas well as for the preservation of atmospheric dryness and\nand in a manifest tenacity of their specific poisons or infec-\npurity. The ventilation of hospital wards and all infected\ntion in the locality in which they respectively become local-\nplaces should be as perfect as possible.\niezd. They are emphatically endemial maladies, and cholera\nExternal more\nbid agencies pre-\nclaims also to be the type of an epidemic of widest range ;\nd n a t e as\nYellow Fever.-Infected places and infected materials,\nYellow fever\ncauses of this\nhabits of its infec-\nbut when localized, the infected locality of any one of these tions.\nclass of infec-\nnot the persons suffering from this fever, are the recognized\ntious poison.\nis a place of danger. This is most emphatically true of the\nsources of danger. The question of a specific infection or\nInfected places\nand things-not\npoison seems in this instance to relate mainly to locality and\nthe sick-are the\nspecific and unknown cause of yellow fever, and is, contin-\nsources of dan-\ngently, not less true of the most active causes respectively\nPersistency and\nto porous and retentive materials from an infected place.\nger.\nof cholera and of enteric and typhus fevers. And it is de-\nlocalization of\nthis class of fever\nThe facts relating to the nature and treatment of yellow\nProf. Metcalfe's\nreport to the San-\nmonstrated by experience that, to give sanitary security poisons.\nfever are concisely and well stated by Prof. J. T. METCALFE,\nitaryCommission\nagainst these dreaded diseases, the causes of their infectious\nin his valuable little monograph published by the Sanitary\npoisons must be removed, or, otherwise, that all susceptible\nCommission [Medcial Document, L.] The few facts that\npersons, tarrying or visiting such infected places, must be\nThe sanitary\ndemand specific notice in this place in reference to the\nprohibited therefrom. All effective sanitary regulations, for\nprotection of an\nexposed popula-\ncontrol and prevention of the infection of this fever may\ncontrolling and preventing these diseases, have both these\ntion can only be\nsecured by re-\nbe stated as follows\nnecessary conditions of security in view.\nmoval of the lo-\ncal causes of in-\nThe separate consideration of the leading points, to be\nfection, or by im-\n1. The infecting cause of yellow fever may be conveyed\nInfecting causes\nmediate removal\nof this fever, how\nkept in view in the sanitary control of each of these mala- of\nthe people.\nfrom place to place by vessels and by porous and retentive\nconveyed fr m\nplace to place.\ndies, will set forth this subject in a practical light.\nmaterials of various kinds that have been exposed in places\nPersons, how in-\nwhere this fever is endemic, or that have elsewhere become fected.\nTyphoid or Enteric Fever.-Various morbid agencies\nTyphoid fever;\nits causes often\ncontaminated by the presence of infected materials.\nare usually combined in producing this fever, but we will\ncomplex; what\nendemic agencies\nspecify that which is most important and widely-acting, and\nthe most positive\n2. The positive means for destroying the infecting cause\nSpecial agen-\nand widely act-\ncies for disinfec-\nwhich is most directly connected with the question of a ing.\nor specific poison of this malady, are, first, a freezing tem-\nting or destroying\nthe poison that\nspecific infectious cause. This has been denominated by Dr.\nperature; or secondly, a temperature, of 212°F.-boiling ver.\nproduces this fe-\nMurchison the pythogenic infection, or the specific miasm\nThe localizing\nand n fecting\nheat ; thirdly, destruction of the infected things by fire.\nof sewers and neglected latrines-the pest of camps and\npoison of latrines\nAny of these methods may be employed to destroy the\nExtremes of\nand sewers: the\ntemperature\nbadly drained towns. Says Dr. J. B. UPHAM, in his report\nfever poison of\ninfecting poison which clings to vessels and things-the se-\n-frost and heat\ncamps.\n-how rendered\nupon this fever, published by the U. S. Sanitary Commis-\ncond method, by means of a boiling heat, being the most avoidable infection.\nfor dis-\nsion (Medical Document K, p. 9) \"Its essential causes\navailable and probably the most certain in its operation. [See\n*\nare by no means well ascertained.\nAmong the\nSpecial Report on Heat as a Disinfectant. Proceedings\nimmediate causes must be named the ordinary excitants of\nof the National Quarantine and Sanitary Convention,\ndisease in camps.\"\n2"
}