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The National Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, Annexes #17-19
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THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 17
DISASTER SERVICES
UNUM
a DMERIT Library DUL
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
DA
SHT
THANKI
1
naturant
Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, particularly
Part V, Section H, Disaster Services. It states the prin-
ciples, responsibilities, requirements and broad courses
of nonmilitary action incident to this subject.
Auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary and
will be subordinate to and compatible with this annex
and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
Re a / Laugh
Director
The LEGISTA Dwight D.
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued January, 1959
[iii]
Contents
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITION
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
2
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
2
A. Federal
2
B. State and Local
3
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
4
IV. FUNCTIONS
4
A. Casualty Care and Emergency Public
Health
4
B. Emergency Welfare Services
5
C. Rescue
7
D. Debris Clearance
8
E. Fire Protection
8
F. Decontamination
9
V. EXECUTION
9
[iv]
ANNEX 17
DISASTER SERVICES
I. Definition
Disaster services are functions performed locally
and under emergency conditions to minimize those at-
tack effects, direct or indirect, immediately endangering
life and property or hindering recovery efforts. As used
herein, they also include development of the capability
for such emergency performance. Disaster services in-
clude, but are not limited to:
A. Casualty care and emergency public health
D.
B. Emergency welfare services
Dwight
The
C. Rescue
D. Debris clearance
E. Fire protection
F. Decontamination.
The term also applies to similar emergency actions
to avert or alleviate the effects of natural disasters and
other calamities not caused by armed attack. This defi-
nition does not limit, or in any way affect, the responsi-
bilities of the American National Red Cross, as defined
by law (33 Stat. 599 and 36 USC 3), or specifically as-
signed or authorized natural disaster responsibilities of
government agencies.¹
1See Annex 40, NATURAL DISASTER MANUAL.
[1]
Annex 17
II. Assumptions2
A. It is assumed that disaster services are prin-
cipally local, limited in time, and intended primarily to
respond only to the immediate emergency situation.
Therefore, priority in the use of resources, manpower
and equipment may be given to disaster services only to
the extent that such priority is compatible with total pre-
paratory, emergency and rehabilitation requirements
of the Nation.
B. It is assumed that in disaster situations not
caused by a nuclear attack, disaster services may have
a greater proportionate influence on survival and, there-
fore, may command a proportionately greater part of
the total civil defense effort.
III. General Responsibilities
A. Federal
The Federal Government is responsible for acquir-
ing and storing limited quantities of supplies and
equipment for disaster service operations as a general
reserve, and for providing financial and technical assist-
ance to the States and their political subdivisions for
the accumulation of supplies and equipment and the
recruitment and training of personnel for disaster
services.
2See Part I of the NATIONAL PLAN and Annex 1, PLANNING BASIS.
[2]
Annex 17
Federal disaster service capabilities shall be made
available to augment State and local resources as soon
as possible in emergency, when not required for emer-
gency activities of the Federal Government. An appro-
priate portion of the total of Federal disaster services
materiel shall be committed only for reestablishment of
a minimum level of regular community disaster service
capability for the surviving population.
Field offices of appropriate Federal agencies shall
assist the States in providing disaster services.
B. State and Local
States and their political subdivisions will accumu-
late necessary supplies and equipment and recruit and
train personnel in disaster services.
In emergency, the State is responsible for evaluat-
ing the total situation within the State, directing the
movement of populations away from danger areas and
a Library BUL
committing State disaster forces, including those made
available by invocation of interstate compacts, as in-
dicated by the situation. States will also use, where
appropriate, resources of nongovernmental organiza-
tions. Requests for needed support will be made to
the OCDM Regional Director. Capabilities excess to
the needs of the States will also be reported to the
Regional Director when requested. Where prear-
ranged State and national plans exist, requests for
support and reports of excess capabilities may be made
by State or local governments to field establishments of
appropriate Federal agencies.
[3]
Annex 17
Local governments are responsible for directing the
movement of populations away from danger areas, com-
mitting disaster forces under their control as required
by the situation, evaluating their capabilities and noti-
fying the State as to deficiencies or excess capabilities.
In accordance with prearranged State and national
plans, notification may also be made to the field offices
of appropriate Federal agencies. Due consideration
will be given to the continuing requirements for dis-
aster services in emergency commitment actions.
C. Private Organizations and Individuals³
Individuals and families are responsible for sustain-
ing themselves in an emergency and for contributing
to their community and State disaster service opera-
tions, including the necessary preparatory measures.
Industries and organizations - professional, labor,
service, religious, civic and social-are responsible for
making such contributions to the preparations for and
performance of disaster services as may be possible.
IV. Functions
A. Casualty Care and Emergency Public Health
1. Objectives
a. Emergency medical and related aid for those
ill or injured because of or coincident with
enemy attack or other disaster, including first
aid, ambulance service and medical, surgical
3See Annex 2, INDIVIDUAL ACTION.
4See Annex 18, NATIONAL MEDICAL AND HEALTH PLAN.
[4]
Annex 17
and dental care in all of their specialties and
adjunct therapeutic fields.
b. Identification, control and treatment of com-
municable diseases.
c. Sanitation of milk and food, prevention and
alleviation of water pollution, and control of in-
sects, rodents and other public health hazards.
2. Actions Required
a. Accumulate stocks of essential medicines,
chemical supplies, materials and equipment
estimated to be in short supply under emer-
gency conditions.
b. Educate the public in methods of self care in
emergency.
c. Train professional personnel in unique func-
tions and principles of disaster care where
required.
The D. Elsenhower
d. Train and organize medical auxiliary personnel.
e. Establish emergency organizations and proce-
dures.
f. Conduct necessary research into casualty care
and emergency public health standards, meth-
ods, organization, medicines, materials and
equipment.
B. Emergency Welfare Services⁵
1. Objectives
a. Feeding, clothing and housing (including lodg-
⁵See Annex 19, MASS CARE AND ASSISTANCE; Annex 20, REGISTRA-
TION AND INFORMATION, and Annex 31, NATIONAL FOOD PLAN.
[5]
Annex 17
ing in private and congregate facilities), under
disaster conditions, evacuees and resident pop-
ulations as needed.
b. Registering displaced populations, locating
and reuniting families, answering inquiries
about the safety and whereabouts of individ-
uals and families, and collecting and supplying
information to displaced populations and others
regarding available resources and services.
C. Care of unaccompanied children, the aged, the
handicapped and other groups needing special-
ized care or service.
d. Financial assistance, or assistance in kind,
counseling and referral services to families and
individuals, and all other feasible welfare aid
and services as required to reestablish family
life and enable the surviving population to be-
come adjusted to the postattack environment.
e. Aid to welfare institutions under national emer-
gency or postattack conditions.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine requirements and measures for the
establishment of an operational capability and
maintenance of a state of readiness for all as-
pects of emergency welfare services.
b. Accumulate or otherwise reserve stocks of such
essentials as food, clothing and emergency cover
to sustain survivors during disaster periods.
C. Educate the public to the need for conservation
[6]
Annex 17
and sharing of available resources and to the
potentials of substitution and use of unconven-
tional resources.
d. Develop methods and procedures for obtaining
and disseminating information on survivors.
e. Train and organize professional personnel and
auxiliaries to perform emergency welfare serv-
ices.
f. Conduct appropriate research into emergency
welfare methods, organization, materials and
equipment.
C. Rescue
1. Objectives
a. Locating and extricating persons entrapped in
damaged buildings, shelters, vehicles and other
enclosures.
a DIMBER Library PUT
b. Recovery of critical supplies, materials and
equipment from similar places.
2. Actions Required
a. Accumulate or otherwise provide for rescue
materials and equipment.
b. Educate the public in the rudiments of light
rescue practices.
C. Train professional and auxiliary personnel.
d. Establish emergency organization and proce-
dures.
e. Conduct necessary research into rescue tech-
niques and equipment.
[7]
Annex 17
D. Debris Clearance
1. Objectives
Removal under emergency conditions of debris
and rubble from streets, highways, rail centers,
dock facilities, airports, shelters and other such
areas as necessary to permit recovery or move-
ment of people and resources, emergency opera-
tions, and repair or reconstruction of facilities.
2. Actions Required
a. Train government and private organizations
in techniques of debris clearance.
b. Organize available personnel and equipment
on a standby basis for emergency.
C. Conduct research into techniques and equip-
ment for debris clearance under emergency
conditions.
E. Fire Protection6
1. Objective
Protection of life and property from fire.
2. Actions Required
a. Accumulate reserves of necessary supplies and
equipment expected to be in short supply dur-
ing emergency.
b. Educate the public in fire prevention and fire
fighting techniques.
c. Train local fire organization personnel, includ-
ing auxiliaries, in techniques of combatting
mass fires.
⁶See Annex 21, NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION PLAN.
[8]
Annex 17
d. Conduct necessary research into the nature and
characteristics of attack-caused fires and into
methods and equipment for combatting them.
F. Decontamination
1. Objective
To reduce the hazard associated with an object
or area by absorbing, destroying, neutralizing,
making harmless or removing chemical, biologi-
cal, radiological or toxicological agents clinging
to or around it.
2. Actions Required
a. Accumulate necessary materials and equip-
ment not ordinarily available or expected to be
in short supply during emergency.
b. Educate the public in decontamination methods.
C. Train government, auxiliary and community-
services personnel in decontamination methods.
d. Conduct necessary research into the causes and
0. The Eisannowar LIBERSE
effects of contamination and into preventive
and remedial measures.
V. Execution
A. Preparations for and conduct of disaster services
will be directed primarily by local governments, in ac-
cordance with Part IV, Section B and Part V, Section H
of the National Plan for Civil Defense and Defense
7See Annex 23, NATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL DEFENSE PLAN, and
Annex 24, NATIONAL BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WARFARE
DEFENSE PLAN.
[9]
Annex 17
Mobilization, other applicable sections of the National
Plan and appropriate annexes and other documents sub-
ordinate to the National Plan.
B. Assistance to States for the preparation and con-
duct of disaster services will be provided by the Federal
Government under the direction of the Director, Office
of Civil and Defense Mobilization, through such other
officials and organizations as he may designate. Assist-
ance will be rendered in accordance with applicable sec-
tions of the National Plan, its annexes and such other
rules and regulations as are or may be prescribed.
[ 10 ]
THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 18
NATIONAL HEALTH PLAN
THE Dwight D.
THE
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
ОГГАИ GHT
i bas livi)
onnA
H JAKOITAN
NOMO winned
GHA JIVIS 30 10
Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National
Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, par-
ticularly Part V, Section H, Disaster Services; Part VI,
Functions for Mobilization and Management of
Resources and Production; and Part VII, Supporting
Functions, as they relate to health matters. It states
the principles, responsibilities, requirements, and broad
courses of action by governmental and other organized
health elements of the Nation to insure readiness on the
part of the Nation's health community to make its
proper contribution to the national survival.
Auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary
and will be subordinate to and compatible with this
annex and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
The Dwight D
that pages may be added or replaced easily when revi-
sions are made.
Cea Hough
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued December 1959
[iii]
Contents
Page
PREFACE.
iii
I. DEFINITIONS
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
2
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
AND ORGANIZATION
3
A. Federal
3
B. State and Local
5
C. Professional Organizations
6
D. Health Personnel
7
E. The Public
8
IV. FUNCTIONS
8
A. Organization and Planning
8
B. Resource Mobilization
10
C. Research and Development
13
D. Training and Education
14
E. Public Information
16
F. Claimancy Adjudication and
Allocation
17
V. EXECUTION
18
A. General
18
B. The Public
19
C. Local
19
D. State
19
E. Federal
19
[iv]
ANNEX 18
NATIONAL HEALTH PLAN
I. Definitions
A. Health services are functions performed to pre-
vent the impairment of, to restore, and to improve the
physical and mental condition of human beings. The
term as used herein includes the development of a capa-
bility for the emergency performance of those functions.
"Health services" means medical and dental care
in all of their specialties and adjunct therapeutics fields,
and the planning, provision, and operation of first aid
and emergency medical care stations, hospitals, and
clinics; preventive health services, including detection,
identification, and control of communicable diseases,
D.
Elsenhower
their vectors, and other public health hazards; inspec-
Dwight
tion and control of purity of food, drugs, and biologicals;
BUL
L
food and milk sanitation; public water supplies; sewage
and other waste disposal; registration and disposal of
the dead; prevention and alleviation of water pollution;
vital statistics services; preventive and curative care
related to human exposure to radiological, chemical,
and biological warfare agents;¹ and rehabilitation and
related services for disabled survivors.
B. "Health manpower"2 means:
1. Physicians (including osteopaths), dentists,
sanitary engineers, and registered nurses.
¹See Annex 23, National Radiological Defense Plan, and Annex 24,
National Biological and Chemical Warfare Defense Plan.
2Health manpower, including essential and supporting health skills,
is listed in an appendix to this annex.
[1]
Annex 18
2. Those other occupations included in the List
of Health Manpower Occupations prepared
in consultation with the Department of Labor
and the Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare.
3. Such other personnel as may be allotted by
the Department of Labor in an emergency.
C. "Health resources" means manpower, materiel,
and facilities required to prevent the impairment of,
improve, and restore the physical and mental health
conditions of the civilian population.
II. Assumptions'
A. Postattack, in many places, organized health
services will be disrupted or nonexistent for extended
periods, requiring individual, family, and group self-
sufficiency. Therefore, health services in those places
would be available only to the degree that there has
been preattack training and preparation by individuals,
families, and groups. Emotional stresses resulting from
mass destruction and drastic changes in living condi-
tions would intensify the health problem.
B. There will be severe shortages of health re-
sources-manpower, materiel, and facilities-requir-
ing austerity in their use, improvisation, and maximum
use of auxiliary personnel, directed toward the main-
tenance of the health of the surviving well population
and the restoration of the health and the return to pro-
ductive activity of the greatest possible number of
disabled people.
C. Active duty personnel of the Armed Forces
would be available to assist in postattack civilian med-
ical care operations only to the extent not required for
³See Annex 1, Planning Basis.
[2]
Annex 18
the primary military mission.⁴ The Ready Reserve
would be immediately available to the Armed Forces
in an emergency. Standby Reservists would be avail-
able for active duty upon determinations of availability
by the Selective Service System; in such determina-
tions full consideration would be given to the needs of
civil defense. Orders to active duty of Standby Re-
servists would be postponed to the extent feasible in
attacked areas. Pending their order to active duty,
reservists would be available as civilians for civil de-
fense duties.
III. General Responsibilities and Organization
A. Federal
1. Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
a. Responsibility for health resources acquisi-
tion, management, and control rests with the
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization.
Prior to an enemy attack or declaration of
a civil defense emergency, OCDM coordinates
and directs the development of plans to in-
a Library our
sure maximum availability, effective control,
and efficient operation of health resources
after an attack. During a civil defense
emergency, OCDM, acting on behalf of the
President, would have the following re-
sponsibilities regarding health resources:
Directing, controlling, and coordinating their
mobilization; allocating between military
and nonmilitary; and reviewing the use of
the Nation's health resources.
b. To assist in the discharge of the previously
mentioned responsibilities, the Director of
$See Annex 7, Role of the Military.
[3]
Annex 18
OCDM has established two advisory groups.
One, the Health Resources Advisory Com-
mittee, consists of representatives from the
nongovernmental portion of the Nation's
health community. The other, the Inter-
agency Health Advisory Board, consists of
representatives of the Federal Executive
Branch agencies having functions in the
health field. Because of specialized problems
involved, the Health Resources Advisory
Committee established the Committee on
Blood to assist in this area.
2. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Subject to the policy direction and central
program control of OCDM, DHEW has the
primary responsibility in the Federal Govern-
ment for civil defense health and civilian health
mobilization programs.
In cooperation with professional organi-
zations and government agencies, DHEW plans
and administers programs for the mobilization
and utilization of health resources-manpower,
materiel, and facilities-for the provision of
civilian health services under emergency con-
ditions.
DHEW is responsible for initiating the de-
velopment of joint plans for the coordination
of civilian health services emergency programs
of those Federal agencies which normally have
legal responsibilities for any segment of such
activities. Such agencies include but are not
limited to the Veterans Administration, the
Department of the Treasury, the Department
of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Housing and Home Finance Agency."
⁵See Annex 5, Federal Delegations and Assignments.
[4]
Annex 18
Under the overall guidance of the OCDM Re-
gional Offices, the regional offices of DHEW
will coordinate with regional offices of other
Federal agencies in giving Federal guidance
and assistance to the States in providing health
services. DHEW will seek advice from appro-
priate nongovernmental health authorities with
regard to the Department's civil defense health
and civilian health mobilization responsibilities.
In furthering these civil defense health re-
sponsibilities, a consultant group of nongovern-
mental health authorities will be appointed to
advise the Public Health Service.
3. Department of Defense
To the extent compatible with its primary
military mission, the Department of Defense
will assist and support DHEW in providing
emergency health services to the surviving
population, with all health resources-man-
power, materiel, and facilities-at its disposal
not required for its primary military mission.⁶
The LEIDER Dwight 0.
B. State and Local
The State and local health departments have statu-
tory primary health roles at their respective levels under
the direction of the Chief Executive of the State or
political subdivision. With coordination by State and
local civil defense directors, they will provide leader-
ship in the preparation and execution of State and
local civil defense health plans. When any health serv-
ices are performed by a State agency other than the
State Health Department, that agency will prepare for
emergency aspects of such services. While Federal and
State guidance and coordination is necessary and must
be assured, it is at the local level that health services
"See Annex 7, Role of the Military.
[5]
Annex 18
will be provided, and the success of preattack planning
will be determined. Where no local government health
agency exists, the government structure still has the
responsibility for insuring provision of emergency
health services.
C. Professional Organizations
1. In accordance with Part III, Section E, of the
National Plan, the American Medical Associa-
tion, Association of American Medical Colleges,
American Public Health Association, American
Hospital Association, American Dental Associa-
tion, American Nurses Association, National
League for Nursing, American Osteopathic As-
sociation, Association of State and Territorial
Health Officers, American Veterinary Medical
Association, American Pharmaceutical Associa-
tion, American Society of Civil Engineers,
American Water Works Association, Federa-
tion of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Associa-
tions, and other national health professional
associations have a responsibility to advise
OCDM and DHEW in organization and plan-
ning, training, education, research, and other
functions pertinent to each association. The
respective associations are encouraged to estab-
lish committees for this task.
2. American industries which manufacture health
supplies and equipment have a responsibility to
give guidance to OCDM and DHEW on the
methods that should be employed to reduce the
anticipated postattack shortages of such sup-
plies and equipment.
3. The American National Red Cross, with its
network of area offices and local chapters, has
experience in disaster relief, operation of blood
[6]
Annex 18
programs, and the organization and operation
of public training programs in first aid, in home
nursing, and for nurses aides. It is responsible
for assisting at all levels in the development
of plans and programs for emergency health
services and in the execution of those plans and
programs.
4. The Joint Blood Council, representing the non-
governmental blood-collecting facilities of the
Nation, is an instrument of the American
Medical Association, the American Hospital
Association, the American Society of Clinical
Pathologists, the American Association of Blood
Banks, and the American National Red Cross.
The Joint Blood Council is responsible for assist-
ing in activities designed to increase the supply
of blood needed in the postattack period.
5. State and local societies of the professional
organizations in subsection C.1., together with
other health professional organizations, will be
responsible for assisting State and local govern-
ment agencies in the preparation and execution
Dwient D. ayl Eisenhower SECURITY
of their civil defense health plans.
D. Health Personnel
Every physician (including osteopath), hospital
administrator, dentist, sanitary engineer, pharmacist,
registered nurse, or other individual possessing any of
the essential health skills is responsible for taking an
active part in civil defense and defense mobilization
planning and training in his community. Training will
be directed to the physician to improve his capacity to
meet the total health needs of his community. To con-
serve physicians' higher skills under emergency con-
ditions, nurses, dentists, and veterinarians should be
trained to perform selected duties which in normal times
[7]
Annex 18
would be performed by physicians. Nurses aides should
develop ability to perform some of the duties normally
performed by registered nurses. The same principles
should apply to all other professional and auxiliary
health personnel.
E. The Public
Individuals and families are responsible for main-
taining their state of health at a high level, including
currency of immunizations, and for preparedness meas-
ures that will insure postattack availability of the skills
and supplies required to provide group, family, or indi-
vidual self-help until organized health services become
available. Each family group is responsible for having
at least one member trained in lifesaving emergency
self-help measures,' and should be prepared to exist on
personal stocks of survival items in homes and shelter
areas for two weeks following attack.
IV. Functions
A. Organization and Planning
1. Objective
a. To identify and if necessary establish, at all
levels of government, organizations to dis-
charge health operational responsibilities in
time of a national emergency.
b. To assure effective use of available health
resources in event of a national emergency.
C. To identify disparities between supply and
anticipated need of resources in event of
a national emergency.
'See Annex 2, Individual Action.
⁸Medical treatment and first aid will be covered by an appendix to
this annex.
[8]
Annex 18
d. To facilitate assistance from nongovern-
mental organizations.
2. Actions Required
a. Continuous policy direction and central pro-
gram control by OCDM over civil defense and
defense mobilization activities of DHEW in
the health field.
b. Continuous review of health elements of
State Operational Survival Plans by States
with DHEW assistance to improve and refine
these plans and to insure their currency.
c. Use of normal Federal-State channels of
DHEW (i.e., the existing Public Health Serv-
ice-State health department relationship, and
the Food and Drug Administration and coop-
erating State officials), through the DHEW
regional offices, for civil defense health and
civilian health mobilization activities.
d. Guidance and assistance to States by DHEW
a
Eisenhouter
through consultation, loan of personnel, fi-
Dwight
nancial support, and assistance for health
SELL
programs under provisions of Section 201 (i)
and 205 of the Federal Civil Defense Act of
1950, as amended, and periodic activation of
PHS commissioned Reserve officers not on
full-time active duty, for temporary assign-
ments to States.
e. Guidance and assistance to local communities
by States to develop plans and programs that
are consistent with State Operational Survi-
val Plans and with Operational Survival
Plans of contiguous areas in or out of the
State.
⁹Subject to the coordination and, in appropriate circumstances,
direction by the OCDM Regional Directors of the civil defense and defense
mobilization activities of Federal agency field establishments. See Annex 3,
Organization for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization.
[9]
Annex 18
f. State planning for areas in the State not cov-
ered by local plans.
g. Cooperation of all nongovernmental profes-
sional health associations with the corres-
ponding units of government at all levels.
B. Resource Mobilization
1. Objective
To use the health resources and related
resources of the Nation on the basis of advanced
plans, inventories, organization, and standards
to provide optimum health services in a national
emergency.
2. Actions Required
a. Health Manpower"
(1) Management and control of essential
health skills by OCDM, DHEW, and
DOD with advice and assistance of ap-
propriate professional health and con-
sumer associations.
(2) Establishment and maintenance of a
current inventory of professional and
and other appropriate health manpower
in each local area and consolidation of
this information at State, regional, and
national levels.
(3) Identification by the Department of
Labor (for emergency allocation to the
health mission if necessary) of person-
nel in the general manpower pool who
possess essential and supporting health
skills other than their primary skill
classification.
(4) Maintenance of close working relation-
ships between the health agencies and
the Department of Labor.
¹⁰See Annex 30, National Manpower Plan.
[10]
Annex 18
(5) Management, with the guidance and as-
sistance of the Department of Labor, of
supporting health and such other per-
sonnel as may be allocated to health
activities in providing health services.
b. Health Materiel
(1) Planning and actions by appropriate
agencies to assure adequate postattack
supplies of essential health items, and
preparation of recommendations to ap-
propriate sources for required monetary
support.
(2) Management of Federal emergency
health stockpiles, including procure-
ment, prepositioning, dispersion, protec-
tion of storage sites, inspection, rotation
of items that have a termination-of-use
date, and disposal, rejuvenation, or sal-
vage of outdated, functionally obsolete,
The Dwight D.
or damaged materiel.
(3) Guidance to States in the purchase of
health materiel for civil defense pur-
poses, including assistance through the
Federal Contributions Program."
(4) Development of plans for standby
production and postattack emergency
production of substitute health items,
and for industry-government storage
and distribution actions such as increas-
ing inventories by producers, wholesal-
ers, and large consumers-e.g., clinics,
hospitals, and water supply and sewage
disposal plants.
¹¹See Annex 38, Federal Assistance.
[11]
Annex 18
(5) Development of plans for utilization of
health materiel in stockpile, including
wide dissemination of information as to
where and how consumers may obtain
the materiel in an emergency.
(6) Plans and standards for conservation
and substitution of drugs and other
health materiel.
c. Health Facilities
(1) Preparation of plans for the emergency
use of existing health facilities, includ-
ing hospitals, public health and clinical
laboratories, and water supply plants.
Planning activities would provide for
such matters as modification or expan-
sion of facilities, movement of staff to
alternate location, emergency power
source, movement of existing patients,
and increasing patient capacity.
(2) Selection of structures for development
of emergency medical care facilities such
as private clinics or nursing homes,
hotels, penal institutions, motels, schools
(preferably with dormitory facilities),
or large garages or similar open-bay
structures."
(3) Consideration of new structures for pos-
sible use as emergency medical care
facilities in their planning and construc-
tion stages, when reasonable design
changes might make them more adapt-
able to health use in an emergency.
¹²Primary considerations in selecting or planning structures for use
as emergency medical care facilities are ease of adaptation, access-
ibility, economically usable space, and protection against fallout. Under
disaster operational conditions, refinements normally associated with
medical facilities are not to be considered essential. Water supply, a
method of heating in winter, and a method of illumination for night
operations are essential. Sanitary facilities are desirable but may be
improvised.
[12]
Annex 18
(4) Training of qualified personnel, includ-
ing staffs of existing health facilities, in
the establishment and operation of emer-
gency units and facilities.
(5) Storage of Civil Defense Emergency
Hospitals in secure locations, in or close
to the building in which the hospital is
to be set up and operated. The facilities
should be capable of easy conversion to
hospital use, or be an existing hospital
that can be expanded to provide an in-
creased patient capacity.
(6) Establishment and maintenance of a
current inventory of health facility
resources in each local area, with the
assistance of appropriate agencies and
associations, and consolidation of this
information at State, regional, and
national levels, with the advice and
DIMBER
assistance of appropriate agencies and
SHA
associations.
(7) Development of plans providing for
mutual use of private facilities and local,
State, and Federal governmental facili-
ties by the sick and injured.
C. Research and Development 13
1. Objectives
a. To improve existing techniques and proce-
dures for conducting civil defense and defense
mobilization health activities, and to develop
improved techniques and procedures for the
prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treat-
ment of illness and injury and the initiation
and maintenance of environmental health
controls under disaster conditions.
13 See Annex 36, Research and Development.
[13]
Annex 18
b. To improve health defense measures against
radiological, biological, and chemical warfare
and to determine their most efficient and
effective application.
C. To develop new or improved health materiel
and facilities.
2. Actions Required
a. Maintenance of current information about
health research being conducted by all gov-
ernment and nongovernment agencies which
is related to the civil defense health mobiliza-
tion of the Nation.
b. Provision of consultation and guidance to
others doing research in the health aspects of
civil defense and defense mobilization.
c. Conduct, directly or by contract, of health re-
search of the Federal Government in civil
defense and defense mobilization.
d. Participation in planning and conduct of
multipurpose research projects with health
aspects.
D. Training and Education¹⁴
1. Objectives
a. To assure an understanding of basic health
survival principles by each individual and a
knowledge of first aid, home nursing,
medical self-help, and emergency sanitation
procedures by at least one member of each
family group.
b. To educate health personnel in community
preparedness procedures, plans, policies, and
emergency actions SO that they will know
their assignments and can discharge their
postattack responsibilities.
¹⁴See Annex 37, Training and Education.
[14]
Annex 18
C. To train medical, dental, veterinary, pharm-
acy, registered nursing, and other health
personnel to assume increased health respon-
sibilities postattack.
d. To train practical nurses and hospital aides,
ambulance drivers and attendants, sanitation
assistants, and other auxiliary health person-
nel to assume wider health responsibilities
postattack.
e. To insure the ability of hospital and other
health facility staffs to activate and operate
emergency expansion or additional facilities.
2. Actions Required
a. Study of health information educational
needs of the general population.
b. Incorporation of appropriate health survival
information into school curricula.
C. Orientation of first aid programs of organiza-
.
tions such as the American National Red
Dwight
Cross, the Boy Scouts of America, and the
BUL
Bureau of Mines toward preparedness for
disaster conditions.
d. Encouragement of and assistance to the
medical, hospital administration, dental,
nursing, osteopathy, sanitary engineering,
pharmacy, veterinary, and related health
professional schools to include disaster train-
ing in their undergraduate and graduate
professional education programs.
e. Promotion of refresher courses and seminars
in civil defense-related subjects for all health
professionals.
f. Encouragement of private organizations
such as the National Safety Council and In-
dustrial Insurance Underwriters, as well as
major industries, to include civil defense and
[15]
Annex 18
related subjects in recommended training
programs, institutional safety programs, and
industrial first aid and health programs.
g. Active participation by health professional
organizations in the planning and conduct
of periodic alert exercises at all levels of
government.
h. Participation in health activities incident to
natural disasters.
E. Public Information¹⁵
1. Objectives
a. To keep the public informed of the problems
in medical care and in public health antici-
pated in event of attack.
b. To stimulate the public to prepare individ-
ually to cope with anticipated emergency
health problems.
c. To keep the public informed of what Federal,
State, and local civil defense and health or-
ganizations are doing and what individuals
should do to cope with anticipated health
survival problems.
2. Actions Required
a. Close coordination at all government levels
between health public information actions
and general civil defense and defense mobili-
zation public information activities.
b. Dissemination of health information by all
available media-radio, television, news-
papers, periodicals, pamphlets, and personal
instruction contacts.
C. Continuing cooperation between all govern-
ment and nongovernment organizations with
civil defense health training and education
activities.
15See Annex 9, Public Information.
[16]
Annex 18
d. Education of patients by their physicians in
simple medical self-help.
F. Claimancy Adjudication and Allocation
1. Objective
To secure and maintain a balance in the use
of the Nation's available and potential health
resources-manpower, materiel, and facilities
-which will insure optimum benefits from them
in the Nation's survival actions.
2. Actions Required
a. When the situation under any one of the
three contingencies described in Part I of the
National Plan SO demands, health resources
will be controlled. Prompt and continuing
public information support will be provided
to foster public acceptance and cooperation.
b. Claims for health resources will be submitted
to OCDM by.
a
(1) Department of Defense for its resource
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requirements, including military assis-
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tance to allies.
(2) Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare for domestic nonmilitary re-
source requirements.
(3) The Department of State for nonmili-
tary resource requirements for foreign
areas.
c. Primary allocations of health resources will
be made in accordance with health policies
promulgated from time to time by the Di-
rector of OCDM and will be made to these
three claimants for the purpose of each.
Allocations of common-use items will be
made between health uses and nonhealth
uses.
[17]
Annex 18
d. In accordance with the primary allocations
of health manpower, materiel, and facilities,
the administrative actions essential to imple-
ment the allocation of health manpower will
be taken by the Department of Labor, and
administrative actions essential to implement
the allocation of health materiel and materiel
for alteration and construction of health fa-
cilities will be taken by the Department of
Commerce. Staff competencies which these
agencies need to deal with the specialized
field of health will be provided or arranged
for by OCDM.
e. The distribution of health resources allocated
by OCDM will be made by the Department
of Defense to the Armed Forces of the United
States and its allies; by DHEW through ap-
propriate Federal and State agencies to all
segments of the domestic nonmilitary health
community, governmental and nongovern-
mental, and by the Department of State to
foreign nonmilitary users.
V. Execution
A. General
Emergency plans will be put into operation at all
levels upon declaration by the President of a civil de-
fense emergency, or in the event of attack prior to such
declaration. They may be activated in whole or in part
under less demanding circumstances in a particular
area or areas upon direction of duly constituted author-
ity in such area or areas.
[18]
Annex 18
B. The Public
Immediately following an attack, individuals,
families, and groups will aid themselves and each other
until locally organized health forces start functioning.
C. Local
Immediately upon attack or declaration of emer-
gency, local governments, which are the primary
sources of effective health services, will perform their
functions with resources on hand until outside aid from
other localities or the State or Federal government be-
comes available.
D. State
As promptly as possible following attack or declara-
tion of emergency, the State will evaluate the total
health situation and assume responsibility for executing
emergency health plans within the State.
DIWEI The D. Eisananent
E. Federal
When State resources are insufficient to provide
required health services, the Federal Government will
augment them as soon as possible with Federal health
resources not required for emergency activities of the
Federal Government. Requests for Federal support will
be made to the OCDM Regional Director, or if the
urgency of the situation demands, to the field represent-
atives of DHEW for nonmilitary health resources and to
the local military commander for military health re-
sources. In the event a State government is unable to act,
the Federal Government will assume responsibility to
the extent necessary to provide the best possible health
services to the surviving population in the particular
area or areas.
[19]
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : O-1959
THE NATIONAL PLAN
for
Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 19
EMERGENCY WELFARE
This annex also includes the originally planned
Annex 20, Registration and Information
UNUM
CERTIFICATE . DIMBER Library onl
Executive Office of the President
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
2619 THE
NOTICE
to Users of the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization
Annex 20, Registration and Infomation, has been
incorporated into Annex 19, Emergency Welfare
[ii]
Preface
This annex supports and amplifies the National Plan
for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization, particularly
Part V, Section H, Disaster Services. It states the prin-
ciples, responsibilities, requirements, and broad courses
of nonmilitary action incident to this subject.
Auxiliary documents will be issued as necessary and
will be subordinate to and compatible with this annex
and the National Plan.
The annex is published in looseleaf form in order
that pages may be added or replaced easily whenever
revisions are made.
a Library BULL
Director
Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Issued October 1959
(NOTE: This annex also includes the originally
planned Annex 20, Registration and Information.)
[iii]
Contents
Page
PREFACE
iii
I. DEFINITION
1
II. ASSUMPTIONS
1
III. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
3
A. Federal
3
B. State and Local
3
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
4
IV. FUNCTIONS
5
A. Feeding
5
B. Clothing
6
C. Housing
8
D. Registration and Information
9
E. Financial Assistance and Social
Welfare Services
11
V. EXECUTION
12
A. Federal Government
12
B. State and Local Governments
14
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
15
[iv]
ANNEX 19
EMERGENCY WELFARE
I. Definition
For the purpose of this annex, emergency welfare
services mean locally provided measures for feeding;
clothing; housing or lodging in private and congregate
facilities; registration and information; locating and
reuniting families; care of unaccompanied children, the
aged, the handicapped, and other groups needing spe-
cialized care or services; necessary financial assistance
or assistance in kind; counseling and referral services
to families and individuals; aid to welfare institutions
under national emergency or postattack conditions;
and all other feasible welfare aid and services to people
in need during a civil defense emergency. Such meas-
DNIENT The D. Eisenhomer
ures include organization, direction, and provision of
these services to be instituted before attack, in the event
of strategic or tactical evacuation, and after attack.¹
The emergency welfare measures set forth herein
are those of government, not necessarily its emergency
welfare "service," agency, or organization.
II. Assumptions
A. The ability of individuals and families to pro-
vide for their own maintenance and other survival needs
¹See Annex 17, Disaster Services.
"See Annex 1, Planning Basis.
[1]
Annex 19
for a minimum of 2 weeks following attack is basic to
the development of a maximum capability in emergency
welfare services at the local level."
B. Large groups of the postattack population will
be geographically isolated, requiring each local and
State government to be self-sufficient in providing
essential welfare services to resident and evacuee popu-
lations. This capability should be adequate for a mini-
mum of 4 weeks.
C. Residual radiation may be of sufficient intensity
in some communities to deny their use as residential or
reception areas, and evacuation to safer areas may be
necessary. The surviving population may be confined
for varying periods of time in shelter.
D. The incidence of sickness and injury postattack
will be many times greater than preattack, and there
will be limited provision of organized health services.
Behavior and self-sufficiency of the surviving popula-
tion will be adversely affected by emotional stresses.
E. Registration of displaced persons, including the
hospitalized and the dead, will be essential in deter-
mining the whereabouts of surviving populations, in
relocating individuals and families, and in executing
emergency housing assignments. Evacuee and resident
populations will require information regarding welfare
facilities and services.
F. Because of disruption of public utilities, whole-
sale and retail distribution systems, established social
welfare services and benefits, and community educa-
tional and religious institutions, emergency welfare
services will be increasingly difficult to perform.
See Annex 2, Individual Action.
[2]
Annex 19
III. General Responsibilities
A. Federal
1. The Federal Government is responsible for:
a. Directing and coordinating the total national
emergency welfare effort.
b. Assisting the States and their political sub-
divisions, through field establishments of ap-
propriate Federal departments and agencies,
in providing welfare services, and in making
available Federal capabilities to augment
State and local resources as soon as possible
in an emergency when not required for emer-
gency activities of the Federal Government.
C. Planning and maintaining research and de-
D.
velopment to determine optimum methods,
Dwight
materiel, and facilities for the conduct of
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emergency welfare.⁴
2. Subject to the basic directive and coordinative
authority of the Office of Civil and Defense Mo-
bilization, the Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare, through joint planning with other
appropriate Federal departments and agencies,
the American National Red Cross, and other non-
government services, has primary responsibility
for the coordination of the emergency welfare
services.5
B. State and Local
1. The primary responsibility for emergency wel-
fare functions is at the State and local level.
$See Annex 36, Research and Development.
'See Annex 5, Federal Delegations and Assignments.
[3]
Annex 19
2. State and local governments are responsible for:
a. Directing and coordinating emergency wel-
fare activities within their respective juris-
dictions.
b. Developing an operating capability and readi-
ness, including mutual-aid arrangements with
other States, necessary to provide emergency
welfare, as circumstances may require, at
local levels.
3. State and local public welfare departments and
agencies, as the welfare arms of their respective
governments, have primary responsibility for
planning and implementing the facilities and
capabilities, including the resources of other State
and local departments and agencies, essential to
provide emergency welfare at the local level.
Voluntary social welfare agencies will assist.
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
1. Individuals and families are responsible for:
a. Providing, to the best of their ability, for their
own protection, maintenance, and other essen-
tial needs.
b. Contributing to their local and State disaster
service operations, including the necessary
preparatory measures.
2. Industries and organizations-business, profes-
sional, labor, service, religious, civic, and social-
are responsible for making such contributions to
preparations for and performance of the emer-
gency service as may be possible.
3. The American National Red Cross, in accordance
with its Congressional charter (Public Law 4, 33
[4]
Annex 19
Stat. 599 and 36 USC 3), is responsible for pro-
viding for the relief of persons suffering from
natural disasters. In a national emergency result-
ing from enemy attack, the Red Cross shall make
available to government authorities such per-
sonnel, equipment, and supplies as might be
available, to become an integral part of govern-
ment.
IV. Functions
A. Feeding
1. Objective
a. To provide for the feeding of displaced and
resident populations as needs and circum-
stances may require.
b. To provide feeding services as required for
civil defense workers.
C. To assure adequate feeding services in emer-
gency and permanent hospitals.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine feeding requirements in accord-
D.
ance with assigned welfare missions, including
Dwight
B41
Libraty
those assumed under mutual aid compacts,
and accumulate or otherwise reserve stocks
of food and feeding equipment necessary to
sustain survivors during the disaster period.
b. Provide for the organization and equipment
of mobile teams for feeding evacuees, civil
defense workers, and others whom congregate
feeding facilities and private residences can-
not accommodate.
"See Annexes 17, Disaster Services; 18, National Health Plan; 23,
National Radiological Defense Plan; 24, National Biological and Chem-
ical Warfare Defense Plan.
'See Annex 31, National Food Plan.
[5]
Annex 19
C. Develop methods and procedures for the prep-
aration and serving of food through emer-
gency community kitchens, mass feeding
centers, and congregate lodgings, as may be
required, including effective use of commer-
cial feeding facilities and personnel.
d. Provide supplementary feeding services in
emergency hospitals and other medical facili-
ties as required.
e. Provide for the local distribution of food, as
circumstances may require, to persons con-
fined for various periods of time in private
residences or other facilities.
f. Provide for an adequate and safe supply of
water for feeding facilities and maintain
minimum sanitary and health standards in
those facilities.
g. Inform and educate individuals and families
to the need for conserving and sharing food
resources and to the potentials of substitu-
tion and improvisation in the preparation and
serving of foods.
h. Take protective actions to minimize the effects
of chemical, biological, and radiological war-
fare agents in foods.
B. Clothing
1. Objective
To provide emergency clothing to evacuees
and resident populations, as needs and cir-
cumstances may require, including emergency
changes of clothing at decontamination points
and emergency medical facilities.
⁸See Annex 32, National Water Plan.
9See Annex 9, Public Information.
[6]
Annex 19
2. Actions Required
a. Determine clothing requirements in accord-
ance with assigned welfare missions, including
those assumed under mutual aid compacts,
and accumulate or otherwise reserve stocks of
clothing necessary:
(1) To meet individual and special group
needs.
(2) To provide for those essential items com-
mensurate with climatic and seasonal
factors.
(3) To meet the general and continuing needs
of the surviving population.
b. Develop methods and procedures, as required,
for the rapid issuance of clothing through
emergency clothing centers, in congregate
lodgings, at decontamination points, and in
emergency medical facilities.
c. Provide for use of commercial clothing facili-
è
ties and personnel in the establishment and
Dwight
The
L
staffing of clothing distribution centers.
d. Assure procedures for the collection, process-
ing, and distribution of used clothing, as
standby measures.
e. Inform and educate individuals and families
to the need for the conservation of clothing
and sharing of private wardrobes, as neces-
sary, to relieve urgent needs for clothing
immediately following an attack.¹⁰
f. Train proper personnel in chemical, biological,
and radiological decontamination of clothing.
¹⁰See Annex 9, Public Information.
[7]
Annex 19
C. Housing¹¹
1. Objective
To provide for the temporary lodging of dis-
placed populations, including provisions for insti-
tutionalized groups, unaccompanied children, the
aged, the infirm, and other segments of the
surviving population requiring special and indi-
vidualized welfare attention and care.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine lodging requirements in accord-
ance with assigned welfare missions, including
those assumed under mutual aid compacts, and
survey and record available lodging facilities.
b. Assure optimum use of private residences for
billeting purposes and reserve and activate
those public and private facilities convertible
to congregate type lodgings necessary to
house and care for special groups and to
supplement billeting facilities in private resi-
dences.
c. Accumulate or otherwise reserve stocks of
blankets, cots, and other supplies and equip-
ment essential to temporary lodging.
d. Provide for use of commercial lodging estab-
lishments and personnel in the organization
and staffing of emergency lodging facilities.
e. Assure the rapid movement and assignment
of evacuees to billets in private residences,
congregate lodging facilities, and shelters.¹²
¹¹See Annex 42, National Emergency Housing Plan.
¹²Sèe Annex 10, National Shelter Plan, and Annex 12, Directed
Movement.
[8]
Annex 19
f. Assure safe and adequate supplies of water
and the maintenance of minimum health
standards in emergency lodging facilities.¹⁸
g. Insure order and the safety of displaced popu-
lations housed in emergency lodgings.¹⁴
h. Develop methods and procedures for the ad-
justment of personal problems arising in
billets and congregate lodgings, and for re-
assignments, as necessary, to other lodging
accommodations.
i. Assure protection of persons in emergency
housing from biological, chemical, and radio-
logical warfare effects.
D. Registration and Information
1. Objective
a. To provide for the systematic registration of
casualties and of displaced populations.
D.
b. To provide the means for initiating and reply-
Dwight
BULL
LIGHTS
ing to inquiries concerning the condition and
whereabouts of specified persons and families
in or from disaster areas.
C. To obtain and disseminate information on
disaster conditions and available survival re-
sources which directly affect the emergency
welfare functions, and to refer persons in need
of assistance to appropriate community facili-
ties and services.
¹³See Annex 32, National Water Plan, and Annex 18, National
Health Plan.
¹⁴See Annex 16, Maintenance of Law and Order, and Annex 21,
National Fire Defense Plan.
[9]
Annex 19
2. Actions Required
a. Determine registration and information re-
quirements in accordance with assigned wel-
fare missions, including those assumed under
mutual aid compacts, and accumulate or
otherwise reserve stocks of forms and other
essential supplies and equipment necessary
to sustain the registration and information
activities during the disaster period.
b. Arrange for the registration of the hospital-
ized, the dead, families separated due to attack
emergency, persons not living at preattack
addresses, evacuees from institutions, and
other persons requiring registration.
c. Establish and operate master files of com-
pleted registration forms in accordance with
State and local emergency welfare operational
plans, and develop procedures for receiving
and answering inquiries concerning the con-
dition and whereabouts of specified persons
and families.
d. Educate the public to the need for each indi-
vidual, in or from a disaster area, to immedi-
ately notify family members and close friends
and associates of his condition and where-
abouts and to promptly notify postal authori-
ties of any postattack changes of address, and
provide the means for such notification.
e. Provide information on, and refer people to,
appropriate emergency welfare facilities and
services.
f. Train and organize professional personnel,
auxiliaries, and volunteers to perform regis-
tration and information services.
[10]
Annex 19
E. Financial Assistance and Social Welfare Services
1. Objective
a. To assist individuals and families to adjust to
the demands of survival, to restore family life,
and to return to productivity.
b. To care for unaccompanied children, the aged,
the infirm, the handicapped, and other persons
and groups requiring specialized care and
services.
C. To enable welfare institutions to resume and
maintain services.
2. Actions Required
a. Determine financial assistance and social wel-
fare services requirements in accordance with
assigned welfare missions, including those
assumed under mutual aid compacts.
b. Reserve and activate public and private social
welfare facilities where personnel and other
resources can be used to implement programs
$.
Dwight
DEPARTMENT
of financial assistance, counseling, and other
social welfare services.
BUL
Library
C. Determine policy and procedures governing
the issuance of funds and requisitions to indi-
viduals and families for goods and services.
d. Develop procedures for child care and for the
reception and care of unaccompanied children,
the aged, the infirm, the handicapped, and
related institutionalized groups.
e. Provide counseling and referral services,
financial assistance (in cash or in kind), and
all other feasible emergency welfare aid and
services as needs and circumstances may re-
quire.
[11]
Annex 19
V. Execution
A. Federal Government
Assistance to States for the preparation and conduct
of emergency welfare services shall be provided-in
accordance with Part IV, Section A, of the National
Plan-by the Federal Government, under the direction
of the Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization,
through Federal departments and agencies, in accord-
ance with their inherent and normal responsibilities and
as assigned by the Director, OCDM.
1. OCDM provides grants-in-aid to the States and
their political subdivisions for the accumulation
of essential supplies and equipment, for the re-
cruitment and training of key personnel, and for
supporting administrative costs.¹⁻ OCDM also
acquires and stores quantities of supplies and
equipment essential to a national capability in
emergency welfare.
2. The Department of Health, Education, and Wel-
fare, subject to the basic directive and coordina-
tive authority of OCDM, directs and coordinates
emergency welfare and, working with other ap-
propriate Federal departments and agencies:
a. Provides or otherwise assures guidance and
technical assistance to State and local welfare
departments in the development and opera-
tion of their plans for the community organ-
ization of emergency welfare services, and
related health and food sanitation planning,
such as housing and food sanitation, provision
of water and sewage facilities, and vector
control.
15See Annex 38, Federal Assistance.
[12]
Annex 19
b. Issues basic program manuals, training
guides, and other materials necessary to de-
velop an operating capability at State and
local levels.
C. Stimulates, conducts, and supports programs
of technical training in welfare assistance for
personnel drawn from public and voluntary
welfare organizations and other appropriate
groups.
d. At national and regional levels determines
postattack requirements for, and availability
of, facilities, consumer survival commodities,
emergency household equipment, and other
welfare supplies and services.
3. The Housing and Home Finance Agency develops
plans and provides guidance and technical assist-
ance to State and local governments for emer-
gency housing and related community facilities
for individuals and families and for welfare insti-
OF
Dwight
DEPARTMENT
tutions and organizations. In support of emer-
gency welfare, HHFA will provide such housing
BUL
and facilities if so directed by OCDM.
4. The Post Office Department develops and operates
a central postal directory system to provide for
the forwarding and delivery of mail to persons
and establishments displaced from their pre-
attack addresses, stores Emergency Change of
Address and Safety Notification forms in postal
facilities and plans their distribution for opera-
tional purposes, and provides such other as-
sistance in planning and support of the local
registration and information services as available
personnel and other resources will permit.
[ 13 ]
Annex 19
5. Resource agencies, such as the Department of
Agriculture (food), Department of Interior (fuel
and power), and the Department of Commerce
(clothing and other essential commodities), ar-
range for production, allocation, and use of avail-
able consumer survival resources in support and
maintenance of emergency welfare activities.
6. Other departments and agencies having varying
degrees of responsibilities in the emergency wel-
fare services extend technical guidance and
assistance, where and as needed, within the areas
of their inherent or assigned responsibilities.
B. State and Local Governments
1. Preparations for and conduct of emergency wel-
fare will be directed primarily by local govern-
ments, in accordance with State plans and with
Part IV, Section I; and Part V, Section H, of the
National Plan, other applicable sections of the
National Plan and appropriate annexes, and other
documents subordinate to the National Plan.
2. State and local governments shall:
a. Accumulate necessary supplies and equipment
and recruit and train personnel in welfare
services, including the use of Federal grants-
in-aid.
b. Provide for the effective use of appropriate
facilities, personnel, and other resources of
governmental and nongovernmental organi-
zations.
C. Determine postattack requirements for and
availability of facilities, consumer survival
commodities, emergency household equip-
ment, housing (including lodging), and other
[14]
Annex 19
welfare supplies and services; allocate supplies
and services and commit resources, including
those made available by invocation of inter-
state compacts, in accordance with prear-
ranged State and national plans and as needs
and circumstances may require; request
needed Federal support; and report to the
OCDM Regional Directors those capabilities
excess to the needs of the States.
C. Private Organizations and Individuals
1. National, State, and local voluntary organiza-
tions, such as the American National Red Cross,
the Salvation Army, veterans' organizations and
auxiliaries, family and child welfare agencies,
welfare institutions, religious welfare agencies,
and related professional and business organiza-
tions, are assigned emergency welfare functions
relating to the fields of service inherent in their
D.
regular activities.
Dwight
2. Individual volunteers shall be assigned duties in
SUL
accordance with their special interests and areas
of competence.
3. Individuals and families shall:
a. Be prepared to meet their own welfare needs
for at least 2 weeks after attack.
b. Make their property available, as needs and
circumstances may require, for temporary
care of displaced individuals and families.
C. Plan measures for notifying those concerned
of their condition and whereabouts and for
initiating action for reuniting families sepa-
rated by an attack.
[ 15 ]