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President's Secretary's File (Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration)
Departmental Correspondence
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PSF State Dept. Summaries of Dispatches Nov. 1944-Mar. 1945
DEPARTMENT OF STATE feb
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 1, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
General Koenig believes that Saillant and other
resistance leaders will "blow off steam" and then
accept the Government's decision regarding the turn-
ing in of arms by the FFI, although "a certain number
of arms will go under ground". (Paris 238)
USSR
Vyshinski states that the Soviet Government
cannot leave its delegation in the United States
since this would give a basis for assuming that the
delegation was in fact participating in the Aviation
Conference but only in a "disguised and graven form".
(Moscow, October 31, 11 p.m.)
GUATEMALA
The Chilean Ambassador in Guatemala believes
that the new regime is thoroughly democratic and
should be recognized whereas the new government in
Salvador was the result of a coup d'etat and is not
worthy of recognition. (Guatemala 756)
The Mexican Government has decided to recognize
the new regime in Guatemala. (Rio de Janeiro 3898)
SALVADOR
The Embassy in San Salvador reports that the
situation there is tense but relatively calm. It
is reported that President Aguirre is merely a front
and that the true executive power lies in the hands
of a Junta of four army officers. (San Salvador 356)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:dfb
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 1, 1944
4:30 p.m.
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ARGENTINA
Brazilian Foreign Minister stated that he is opposed to the
Argentine proposal for a conference of Foreign Ministers. (Rio 3886)
The Cuban Minister of State regards the Argentine declara-
tions hypocritical and its proposal for a conference unjustified.
However, he feels that it would be best for us not to take &
position for or against the Argentine request but instead to leave
the question of rejection to the American republics. Ambassador
Braden suggests that in order to preserve the structure of our
inter-American system we might gain if we should agree to the
calling of an inter-American conference at this time. (Habana 959)
The Colombian Government is willing to attend a meeting of
Foreign Ministers as suggested by Argentina. (Bogota 1839)
Our Embasey states that the Argentine Government intends
shortly to issue & decree expropriating German firms and providing
for adequate blocking of compensation funds. (Buenos Aires 2720)
FRANCE
At his first press conference since his return to France,
de Gaulle stated that France wishes to increase its contribution
to the war effort. He said that France needs arms for its troops
and could supply a powerful army if arms were received. He added
that the French troops will occupy the territory they conquer
in Germany. (Paris 146)
Moscow reaction to French decision to disarm certain units
indicates a mild Soviet satisfaction with the move and suggests
that difficulties may result. (Moseow 4177)
EDEN
Eden arrived in Rome on October 30. (Caserta 1045)
IRELAND
Irish newspapers have shown little interest in the Dumbarton
Oaks conference and consider it of little importance. This atti-
tude illustrates the Irish lack of interest in world affairs.
(Dublin 187)
GUATEMALA
Our Embassy reports that order prevails in Guatemala and
that the civilian population appears to be solidly supporting
the temporary government. (Guatemala City 758)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:FED:ARK
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY felex November 2, 1944
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
? a.m.
SUNMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
The Council of Ministers will go shead with the
disarming of the militia in spite of the objections of
the Communist and Resistance press. (Paris 276)
SWEDEN
With respect to the international shipping pool,
the Swedes will make a fight to maintain their own
shipping trade. However, it is believed Sweden can be
counted on to assign a portion of her shipping fleet to
relief work such as bringing food supplies and equipment
to war ravaged areas of Europe. (Stockholm 462)
GUATEMALA
The Brazilian and Paraguayan Governments will recog-
nize the new Government of Guatemala simultaneously with
the United States. (Rio de Janeiro 3912; Asuncion 624)
The Uruguayan and Costa Rican Foreign Ministers
favor recognition of Guatemala following the elections,
but they believe that recognition of E1 Salvador should
be held up for the time being. (Montevideo 1029;
San Jone 597)
ARGENTINA
With respect to the Argentine Government's request
for a meeting of Foreign Ministers, the Haitian Foreign
Minister states that his Government supports the position
taken by the United States Government. (Port au Prince 363)
DECLASSIVIED
State Dopt. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schanble Date
S:DF:dfb
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 2, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
Several American journalists in Paris have heard in circles
around De Gaulle that the General is thinking of asking President
Roosevelt to visit Paris. (Paris 260, copy to the President)
IRAN
Soviet authorities and Russian troops are inciting demonstrations
against the Iranian Government because of the latter's decision not to
grant the Russian petroleum concession. The Russian Ambaesador and
Kavtaradze continue to refuse to have contact with Prime Minister
Saed, who is planning to offer his resignation. The Shah will accept
the resignation reluctantly unless he is given encouragement by the
British and American Governments to resist Russian interference.
While the Iranian Government deserves our full sympathy the American
Ambassador states that it would be a very grave step to offer any
type of encouragement to resist the Russians unless we are prepared
to back Iran up to the ultimate limit. Such action might precipitate
a very great divergence, if not a split, in Soviet-American relations.
(Tehran 804)
YUGOSLAVIA
Following the meeting of Subasic and Tito it has been agreed
that pending a plebiscite the form of government should remain a
Constitutional Monarchy with a Regency composed of three men, Subasic
is of the opinion that the King should not try to return to Yugoslavia
before the plebiscite. The government 1s to be made up entirely of
the members of the National Committee and Tito will be the Commander-
in-Chief, Prime Minister and Minister of Defense. Subasic is planning
to visit Mossow in the immediate future. (Caserta 1072)
ARGENTINA
The Acting Foreign Minister indicated that Bolivia would be glad
to consult at the proper time with the other American Republics oon-
cerning the Argentine request for a meeting of the Foreign Ministers
but that until conversations have been held Bolivia would assume no
position. (La Paz 1856)
Aguirre, the Argentine Chargé d'Affaires in Rio, 18 stating
that Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Venezuela have
agreed to the Argentine proposal. The Brazilian Foreign Minister
is still of the opinion that the conference should not be held.
(Rio 3910)
The Santiago newspaper La Opinion states that "there has been
a wish throughout the entire continent to hold such a conference".
The newspaper El Chileno praises the Argentine initiative and calls
it a lesson of Americanism. (Santiago 1721)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FEW:ARK
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 3, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
There has been only mild editorial comment regarding the
Government's dissolution order. Regardless of political con-
victions, there is a fear of disorder which lends support to
the Government. (Paris 268)
Bidault declares that although his Government has no reason
to be fond of Franco, it is not their intention to permit French
territory to be used as a basis for raids into Spain. (Paris 280)
Paris Prefect of Police has informed Duff Cooper that he
considers a Communist uprising improbable. (London 9499)
RUNANIA
The British Foreign Office states that the Rumanian Govern-
ment has agreed to break off relations with Japan. (London 9492)
ARGENTINA
With respect to the Department's circular telegram regard-
ing the Argentine proposal for a meeting of Foreign Ministers,
the following countries have agreed to make no reply pending an
exchange of views with the other American Republics: Brazil,
Chile, Cuba, Haiti, Honduras, Venezuela. (Rio de Janeiro 3927,
Santiago 1729, Habana 965, Port-au-Prince 364, Tegucigalpa 336,
Caracas 1037)
The Ecuadoran and Colombian Governments will accept the
Argentine proposal. (Rio de Janeiro 3928, 3929)
The Uruguayan Government will make no reply to Argentina
pending an exchange of views provided other countries also
delay their replies. (Montevideo 1031)
Bien Publico features contributed article which after
analyzing situation concludes that if meeting requested by
Argentina were held immediately governments which maintain
solidarity could only reiterate their previous stand that
until Argentina shows by acts a change of attitude declara-
tions are useless and that if Argentina is ready to change
its methods and demonstrate this effectively there would be
no need for & meeting. (Montevideo 1028)
DECLASSIVIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:DF:dfb
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 3, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CANADA
Probably the most serious cabinet crisis which has confronted
Mr. King during his career as Prime Minister has now been resolved,
at least for the time being, by the resignation of Ralston and his
replacement by General McNaughton as Minister of National Defense.
Although Ralston received considerable support from the cabinet
no one joined him in the extreme measure of resigning and it appears
that Mr. King has held the rest of his cabinet in line. The ques-
tion of the use abroad of armed forces conscripted for home use
only may cease to be a vital one if victory in Europe is not too
long delayed. (Ottawa 53)
RUMANIA
The British desire the American representatives to enter Rumania
as soon as possible because among other things the Russians have
been working with all possible speed, even at night, to remove the
oil well equipment of Astra Romana, Stela Romana and another oil
company in which both British and American companies are interested.
This equipment is being taken to Russia. The British would like to
see the British position on the Allied Control Commission reinforced
by American participation 80 that such activities on the part of the
Russians can be stopped. (London 9501)
GREECE
The American Ambassador to Greece reports that if "the present
situation is to be brought under control a full and coordinated plan
must be urgently and carefully worked out *. This will require
an entirely new currency to replace the present one, which the
public insists has no backing, and will also require the fixing of
a rate of exchange. Price ceilings for principal essential commodi-
ties and labor wages will have to be fixed. But before this fixation
can be effected, considerably increased quantities of supplies must
be imported to insure full rationing with a balanced diet at least
on the subsistence level." (Caserta 1085)
ARGENTINA
Assurances have been received from the Foreign Offices of
both Peru and Ecuador that no reply would be given to the Governing
Board of the Pan American Union or to Argentina concerning the pro-
posed meeting of the Foreign Ministers until after full consultation
with the other American governments. (Lima 1344 and Quito 1059)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FEW:ARK
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 4, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
Mayor of Rome confers honorary citizenship upon the President.
Myron Taylor asks for a reply by fifth or sixth of November.
(Vatican City 363 - copy sent to the President)
PALESTINE
Member of British Foreign Office stated that "sooner or later"
Britain would have to reach a new decision and change its policy
regarding the situation in Palestine. (London 9498)
RUSSIA
Soviet attitude favors permanent French representation on the
European Advisory Commission. (London 9552)
British public opinion believes Soviets did not give real reasons
for not attending Aviation Conference. Clark Kerr opines that Soviets
anticipated differences between British and United States. Foreign
Office feels that Soviets are being cautious and want to avoid finding
themselves several times in the minority of one. (London 9495, 9561)
British Foreign Office states that Soviet recognition of Syria
and Lebanon points to an increased Soviet interest in the Middle East.
(London 9500)
British are gravely concerned over Russian attitude on oil con-
cessions in Iran. If Iran allows concession, it would be a major
step toward bringing Iran permanently in the Russian orbit 8.8 a
sphere of influence. (London 9503)
IRAN
3aed has not yet resigned as Prime Minister. Moscow radio broad-
cast violent attack against Saed. (Tehran 807)
Political situation in Iran appears to be improving, largely be-
cause of indications Soviets may be relaxing pressure. (Tehran 810)
SPAIN
Foreign Minister says that Spain desires to meet our request for
termination of air service with Germany, but Spain must maintain con-
tact with its citizens in Central Europe. (Madrid 3638)
ARGENTINA
Our Embassy learns that a group of prominent Argentines plan to
hold a monster mass meeting if Roosevelt 1s reelected. Sponsors of
project actuated by desire to embarrass the Government. (Buenos Aires
2743)
Following governments have indicated that they will follow our
lead in regard to Argentine proposal for meeting of Foreign Ministers:
Panama, Salvador, Nicaragua, and Dominican Republic. (Panama 600,
San Salvador 363, Managua 640, Ciudad Trujillo 482)
GUATEMALA
Bolivia, Ecuador and Dominican Republic are willing to recognize
the new government of Guatemala. (La Paz 1864, Quito 1057, Ciudad
Trujillo 481)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FED:dfb
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 4, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
The Pope has outlined in a memorandum the efforts of the Holy
See on behalf of the jews in Slovakia. (Vatican City 366, copy to the
President)
Document found in the 0'Connor-Farber Collection of Materials
relating to FDR's Estate. Opened for research July 22, 1987.
FRANCE
The press of November 3 carried an announcement by the Political
Bureau of the Communist party opposing the Government's decision to
disband the patriotic militia. This action by the Communists is
interesting because "for the first time de Gaulle is openly and publicly
attacked. It is not clear whether this may be a signal for the Com-
munists to drop their mask of 'national unity in support of the govern-
ment' and to intensify their campaign to discredit the government."
However, in the drafting of the manifesto care has been exercised to
avoid setting a date or even an exact policy for opposition to the
government and appears in part designed to bring the government to
abandon its stand and adopt a compromise. (Paris 302)
Mr. Churchill was due to arrive in Paris on November 10 but it
appears that the date of his arrival has been postponed until possibly
November 16. (Paris 303)
General de Gaulle made the following statement to Mr. Caffery:
"I hope President Roosevelt will be able to pay us a visit. At the
time we invited Churchill, Bidault sent a telegram to Hoppenot telling
him to convey a similar invitation for President Roosevelt. If he
comes we will give him a warm welcome". He added "I an not asking
Stalin at this juncture; first because I do not believe he would be
able to come and second while I have visited London and Washington I
have not gone to Moscow". (Paris 304, copy to the President)
General de Gaulle in speaking to Mr. Caffery of the Government's
recent decision regarding the carrying of arms said "We are going to
stick to our gune and to see that our instructions are carried out.
the communists will blow off a lot of steam; they will do a lot of
ugly talking; but watch my word they will fall into line." (Paris 304)
RUMANIA
The British Ambassador and the American Chargé d'Affaires in Mosoow
have protested to Vyshinski against the removal of equipment from
Rumanian oil refineries in which the British and Americans have an
interest. Both the British and American representatives have requested
the return of all equipment which has been shipped to Russia. (Moscow
4221)
ARGENTINA
The Costa Rican Foreign Minister has given assurances that no
reply will be made to the Argentine proposal for a meeting of the
Foreign Ministers until after consultation with the other republics.
(San Jose 603
EL SALVADOR
Infiltrations from Guatemala of Salvadoran refugees bearing arms
are reported. Molina's proolamation has had wide dissemination but no
uprising appears to have occurred as yet on behalf of Molina.
(San Salvador 364)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
November 5, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ELECTION CAMPAIGN
The first direct editorial comment on the American
electoral campaign in either Izvestiya or Pravda ap-
peared in the former November 5 in an article entitled
"The Election of President Roosevelt Assured". It began
by saying that never before in American history have
political observers ventured with such assurance to
Document found in the 0'Connor-Farber Collection of Materials
relating to FDR's Estate. Opened for research July 22, 1987.
forecast results on eve of Presidential election as
this year. "Within Republican Party itself dissension
is increasing under influence of unsuccessfully organized
campaign." Isolationist-Nationalist Bloc dominates
Republican Party" and the "pro-Fascist sympathies and
pro-German connections of those who compose the core of
Republican headquarters and who are financing Dewey's
campaign are widely known".
Dewey has resorted to the old "method of most
frantic reaction: to frightening with 'Communist danger'.
Appealing to most reactionary elements Republican Party
and press supporting Dewey opened pogrom campaign
against 'Communism' which label was attached to all
those not prepared to vote for Dewey.
"Rumors are circulating that Republicans finding
themselves in a desperate situation are ready to resort
to big adventure. According to this information at
Republican Headquarters an 'attentat' on Dewey 1s being
prepared, responsibility for which organizers of this
affair plan to place on American Communists." The
'attentat' is planned for the last moment when there
will be no time for investigation or explanations and
the motive 1s to influence millions to vote for Dewey
as the savior from the "Red danger". The article ends
by pointing out that such similar schemes have been
employed before but "without any doubt such a provoca-
tive attempt would not raise chance of Dewey and his
supporters in the election. Rather the contrary--it
would still further undermine Dewey's position, expos-
1ng him completely in the eyes of those people who
still entertain any illusions on his account."
(Moscow 4240 and 4241)
S:FEW:dfb
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 5, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
AUSTRIA
The Soviet Government suggests that the question of estab-
lishing a Tripartite Control Commission in Vienna should be
examined in the European Advisory Commission simultaneously
with the question of zones of occupation and Allied Control
mechanism for Austria. (Moscow 4214)
CHINA
British Foreign Office concerned over the anti-Kuomintang
Document found in the 0'Connor-Farber Collection of Materials
relating to FDR's Estate. Opened for research July 22, 1987.
and anti-Chiang Kai-shek comment in British and American press
as a result of the recall of General Stilwell. (London 9553)
DUMBARTON OAKS
The Netherlands Foreign Minister does not look with favor
on the Dumbarton Oaks proposals. He was frankly critical in
expressing his views and stated he had strong reservations
about any general system which provided for "unknown associates
proceeding against unknown enemies in unknown circumstances".
(London - Neter 29)
FRANCE
The reported explosion in Paris gave the Communist press
additional ammunition to hint that it was the work of saboteurs.
A military investigation does not support this view. (Paris 305)
Chauvel declared that France desires to take an active
part in the recovery of Indochina. (Paris 316)
AUSTRALIA
Minister Johnson points out the importance and necessity
for the United States to maintain normal commercial air service
with the Southwest Pacific. (Canberra 136)
ARGENTINA
Uruguayan opinion appears to be growing in favor of the
Argentine proposal for a meeting of Foreign Ministers.
(Montevideo 1041)
Colombian Foreign Office favors Argentine proposal but
would be willing to hear the opinions of the other American
countries before making a final decision. (Bogota 1852, 1854)
S:FED:dfb
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 6, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
The French Foreign Minister told Ambassador Caffery that
it is planned to appoint Henri Bonnet as Ambassador to the
United States. (Paris 338)
CUBA
The President of Cuba initiated several reforms and
changes in personnel which caused some unrest in Cuba.
Reliable reports indicate that Guiteristas and dissident
groups are actually attempting to take over many of the posi-
tions in Ministries of Finance and Communications by violent
methods. Unless Grau and his new Chief of Police put a stop
to such action, Braden fears the situation might become
serious. (Habana 977)
ARGENTINA
The Chilean Rightist newspaper 11 Imparcial, commenting
on the Argentine proposal for a meeting of Foreign Ministers,
states that hemispheric opinion is in favor of accepting the
proposal. (Santiago 1740)
GUATEMALA
Cuba is willing to extend recognition to the new govern-
ment in Guatemala. (Habana 974)
Document found in the O'Connor-Farber Collection of Materials
relating to FDR's Estate. Opened for research July 22, 1987.
S:FED :MLM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 6, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
U.S.S.R.
The Russians claim that the Rumanian oil companies have surplus
stocks which could be put to immediate good use in the Soviet Union.
However, British representatives have produced figures to show that
no such surpluses in fact exist. (Caserta 1139)
It is not believed that any useful purpose can be served in
informing the Soviet Government of the blacklisting of motion picture
exhibitors in Finland to whom Russian films are being offered. The
Russians have their own methods of dealing with collaborators and
would probably not be interested in our blacklist procedure from
this standpoint especially as we have not participated in the war
against Finland. (Moscow 4238)
IRAN
Further reports indicating a change in the Soviet attitude give
an increasingly hopeful tinge to the local situation in Iran. Russian
restrictions on Iranian troops in Tabriz have been removed and the
situation there restored to status quo ante. (Tehran 813)
GREECE
The problem of inflation 1s still the most important to be
solved in Greece but measures are being taken which it is hoped will
be adequate to meet the situation. There 18 still no progress toward
the disarming of the ELAS, who are predominant in Athens and are
still demonstrating. (Caserta 1150)
The majority of people in Athens are still preoccupied with
food and financial questions and politics is of secondary importance.
There is thus no political group yet prepared to dispute the
authority of Papandreou. (Caserta 1151)
YUGOSLAVIA
In view of the liberation of Belgrade and the prospective
agreement between Tito and Subasic the British are planning to estab-
lish their embassy in Belgrade within two weeks. (Caserta 1147)
BULGARIA
The British political representative in Bulgarian has reported
that the dominating factor in that country is the influence of the
Soviet Union which is indirect rather than direct. This 1s
emphasized in the establishment of political commissars in the army,
in an advertised increase of hours, in "rationing" of house
accommodation, in the press and also in reports that the schools
are no longer to celebrate Easter as a holiday. (Caserta 1149)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Lecter, 1-11-72
MAR
8
1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:DF:ARK
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 7, 1944
7:00 a.m.
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
EUROPEAN ADVISORY COMMISSION
At & meeting of the EAC it was agreed to invite France to appoint
its representative to take part in the consideration of German affairs.
The question of French participation in disoussing Austrian affairs
was left open. This invitation does not make France a permanent mem-
ber of the EAC. Agreement was also reached on the protocol on control
machinery in Germany, except for one minor point, and the protocol
may be signed this week. The British and Soviet representatives urged
that the United States present its amendment to the protocol on zones
of occupation. The firm position taken by the British and Soviet
representatives tends to shift responsibility for further delay to the
United States representative. (London 9643)
Caffery reports the Soviet Ambassador in Paris informed the
French Foreign Minister of the Soviet proposal that France be invited
to become a permanent member of the EAC. (Paris 351)
FRANCE
Bidault has again raised the question of the French desire to
have more of their men in action on the front. The Foreign Minister
urged that our military authorities furnish the necessary arms. They
are talking in terms of eight divisions. (Paris 343)
Bidault told Caffery that he had no fear in regard to the pro-
posal to disarm the patriotic militia. He expressed confidence that
the people will support the government on this issue primarily because
they are tired of disorder in all its forms. (Paris 345)
NORWAY
According to the Norwegian Foreign Minister, Sweden agreed to
make available to the Norwegian government 100 million Swedish kroner
without interest and without restrictions. The Swedish government
does not expect the money to be repaid. (Stockholm 4543)
ARGENTINA
Our Embassy in London again urged the Foreign Office to reply to
our communications on the general question of exports to Argentina
and the purchase of Argentine products. (London 9610)
Bidault assured Caffery that there will be no change in the
French position in Argentina and that France has no intention of enter-
1ng into any relations with the Farrell regime. (Paris 350)
GUATEMALA
Brazil, Venezuela and Honduras are ready to take parallel action
with the United States in according recognition to Guatemala.
(Rio 3966, Caracas 1051, Tegucigalpa 341)
SYRIA AND LEBANON
The Afghan government has recognized Syria and Lebanon as
independent republics. (Kabul 195)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FED:RB:ARX
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file-1
November 7, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
U.S.S.R.
The Soviet Government has received a communication from the
Hungarian Foreign Minister of the Lakatos Government to the effect
that Hungary wishes an armistice with the United Nations. The
Soviet Government has made no reply because there is a Hungarian
mission of the Horthy Government in Moscow for this purpose and
because of the change of events in Hungary. (Moseow 4254)
ITALY
There has been much discussion in Palermo regarding the state-
ments of the United States and Great Britain on the non-support
of the separatist movement in Sicily. Separatist leaders are
apparently trying to gain the support of Russia and local communists
are swinging toward separatism. (Palermo 91)
ALBANIA
SACMED has recently decided that allied operations in Albania
shall be confined to the introduction of relief and that no troops
will be sent for occupation. (Caserta 1174)
FRANCE
French garrison troops are being placed in the Pyrenees
frontier area for the maintenance of order and it is anticipated
that they will prevent any use of French territory as a base for
operations against Spain. (Paris 349)
SWEDEN
Although the report that the Russians prefer the Swedish
Government not to enter the shipping pool has been confirmed, the
Norwegian Foreign Minister believes that he has persuaded the
Swedish Foreign Minister that Sweden cannot afford to stay out of
the pool. (Stockholm 4542)
BULGARIA
The Bulgarian armistice terms have been received in Bulgaria
with marked fatalism combined with appreciation of fair treatment
and a certain amount of self-satisfaction. (Caserta 1178)
ECUADOR
A mass meeting of some 3,000 persons has been held in Quito
in honor of Soviet Russia, which was attended by ex-president
Batista of Cuba, who was visiting the city. The press reports
said a resolution will be introduced in the Constitutional
Assembly calling for recognition of the Soviet Government.
(Quito 1065)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:DF:ARK
By J. Schauble Date MAB 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file> November 8, 1944
7:00 a.m.
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ARGENTINE PROPOSAL FOR MEETING OF FOREIGN MINISTERS
"Padilla is of the opinion that a meeting of Foreign Ministers to
discuss the Argentine situation in any form now is impossible", but
"is equally of the opinion that a meeting of Foreign Ministers must
be held in the reasonably near future to discuss" important post-war
matters. Under certain conditions the Mexican Government is willing to
take the initiative in summoning such a meeting. (Mexico City 1399)
The Chilean Foreign Minister believes "the general reaction
favorable to the Argentine proposal is due mostly to the earnest desire
for & conference----on the Dumbarton Oaks plan and on post-war matters
in general." He suggests that we call such a conference and that
Argentina be invited to explain her position before other matters are
taken up and "unless she is able to convince the conference of her in-
tention at once to carry out all her international obligations she
should be excluded from the general conference." (Santiago 1753)
ARGENTINA
Political situation is quiet but feeling exists that a number of
changes in Government personnel are about to take place. "Government
is taking line that mere fact of its 'submitting its situation to the
judgement of its sister American nations' proves conclusively it is
neither Nazi nor Isolationist and is indicating utmost optimism that
situation is about to be resolved favorably for Argentina." (Buenos
Aires 2763)
FRANCE
The French Provisional Government has been invited to appoint its
representatives on the EAC for the consideration of German affairs.
(London 9660)
YUGOSLAVIA
Colonel McDowell and his party who were at Mihailovic's headquarters
and who had freedom "to go wherever they pleased" report nationalist
movement geniune, not centralized, primarily local, is in no sense
primarily Serbian, but is Yugoslav rather than Pan-Serb in feeling.
Mihailovic's advice is followed, his authority is more advisory than
absolute, he is revered by population almost as mythical figure, but
people around him are third rate. Even peasants sense that Tito and
his followers are essentially foreign in their methods and attitude.
The peasant "may attend political meetings put on by Partisans and
cheer but as soon as Partisans leave his village he reverts to nation-
alist allegiance." (Caserta 1175)
RUMANIA
Air Vice Marshal Stevenson has objected to the Russian representa-
tive in Bucharest because the latter demanded of the King, in the name
of the ACC without consulting the British, that a government of all
parties be formed under the leadership of Sanatescu. (Caserta 1164)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:DSH
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 8, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
SWEDEN
With respect to the deadlock regarding the loading of the
SATURNAS with a cargo of buna for Sweden and the stoppage of
exports to Germany by the Swedes, Minister Johnson believes that
Sweden has gone 80 far in meeting our wishes that our granting
permission to load this cargo would be advantageous both
immediately and in the long run. (Stockholm 4561)
YUGOSLAVIA
SAC has strongly recommended to British Chiefs of Staff,
for operational reasons, early recognition by United States and
United Kingdom Governments of joint Yugoslav Government brought
into being by recent agreement between Tito and Subasic.
(Caserta 1207)
ITALY
General Wilson has directed that steps should be taken at
once, for operational reasons, to have American-held Italian
prisoners of war brought in to Italy from North Africa and the
Italian Government informed of this action. (Caserta 1200)
The head of the Soviet Labor Delegation now in Italy has
invited Italian syndical organizations to send a delegation to
Russia to study Soviet methods of reconstruction and strengthen
friendly feeling, et cetera. (Rome 671)
GUATEMALA
Peruvian Government has countermanded its instructions
authorizing recognition of Guatemala. (Lima 1363)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:DF:ARK
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 9, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
7:00 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ARGENTINE PROPOSAL FOR MEETING OF POREIGN MINISTERS
The National Convention of Bolivia voted to recommend to the President
that the Foreign Minister of the Republic attend the consultative meeting
of American Foreign Ministers which has been called by the Argentine
Government. (LaPas 1181)
Serrato has informed the American Ambassador that the Uruguayan
Government considersthat the conference requested by Argentina should be
held. (Montevideo 1041)
CUBA
President Grau has revoked several appointments made by the Chief of
Police whereupon the latter resigned. Youth groups have made strong
declarations over the radio and demonstration took place shortly after
1:00 A.M. November 8th in front of the Presidential Palace. "These
developments have created nervous, not to say tense situation, results
of which it is as yet too early to foresse." (Habana 997)
GUATEMALA
Several Chiefs of Mission including those of Mexico, the United States,
Great Britain, Chile, Brazil and Columbia, but excluding Peru, have
delivered notes to the Guatemalan Foreign Minister recognizing the
present government. (Guatemala 772)
CHINA
Rumors of changes in top officials did not materialize and
Generalissimo did not call meeting of C.E.C. originally scheduled for
November 12. These and other developments suggested that Generalissimo
was unresponsive to demands for reforms and his October 10th mossage indi-
cated resentment of foreign criticism and was interpreted by some as warn-
ing to the United States not to "meddle" in China's internal affairs.
(Chungking 1787)
ETHIOPIA
The British Delegation insists that without Ethiopian acceptance of
British administration of reserved areas and Ogaden during the life of
agreement there could be no agreement. (Addis Ababa 225)
ITALY
Michael Petrovictarasov, head of the Soviet labor delegation has
extended an invitation to Italian syndical organizations to send a delega-
tion to Russia. (Rome 671)
NORWEGIAN FOREIGN MINISTER
The Norwegian Foreign Minister arrived in Moscow on November 7th.
(Moscow 4283)
SPAIN
A United Press, interview with Franco has been DECLASSIFIED published in full in the
Madrid newspaper&
(sadrid 3676)
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-78
MAR
8
1972
S:FEW:RB
By J. Schanble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 9, 1944
4:30 p.m.
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHURCHILL AND EDEN
Our Embassy in London has learned in strict confidence that
the Prime Minister and Eden will spend the week-end in Paris.
(London 9747)
POLAND
Mikolajczyk has told Schoenfeld that the Polish Government has
reached a negative decision on the proposals advanced at Moscow.
(London, Poles, 119)
IRAN
Prime Minister Saed stated that he will resign within a few
days. The choice of a new Premier is still uncertain. (Tehran 826)
ECUADOR
The Constitutional Assembly of Eouador has approved a resolu-
tion recommending the establishment of diplomatic relations with
the Soviet Union. (Quito 1076)
MEXICO
The Mexican Foreign Minister has submitted & memorandum to the
Brazilian, Uruguayan, and Cuban Ambassadors suggesting that instead
of calling a meeting of Foreign Ministers to discuss the Argentine
case, it be called to discuss matters of permanent general interest
related to the post-war problems. The date proposed for the meeting
is February 1, 1945. Padilla stated that the Brazilian, Uruguayan
and Cuban Ambassadore expressed approval and said they would
strongly support the proposal before their governments. The Mexican
proposal will be handed to all the other American Chiefs of Mission
except the Argentine. Messersmith recommends that the United States
should support the Mexican proposal. (Mexico City 1404)
HONG KONG
Mr. Attlee, when asked in the House of Commons whether Hong
Kong or any other part of the Empire was excluded from the Prime
Minister's declaration that it was not proposed to liquidate the
British Empire, declared that no part of the British Empire or
commonwealth of nations was excluded from the scope of the
declaration. (London 9725)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FED:ARK
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 10, 1944
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
7:00 a.m.
SUMMARY OF THLEGRAMS
RE-ELECTION OF PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
Swiss correspondents at Berlin report reaction there to President
Roosevelt's re-election is that it renders American adversary stronger
and will result in intensification of war effort and further increase
American influence in military and political affairs in Europe.
(Bern 7429)
In Rio de Janeiro "press gave expressions to popular jubiliation
over re-election of Roosevelt. (Rio de Janeiro 4016)
It is reported from Ankara, Lim, Lisbon, Mexico City and Rome
that there has been extensive favorable comment in the press on the
re-election of President Roosevelt. (Ankara 2143, Lima 1367, Lisbon
3899, Mexico City 1405, Rome 689 and 690)
(Copies of the above telegrams to the President)
GREEGE
A plan for stabilization has been agreed upon and new currency will
be issued in the immediate future. MacVeagh expresses the opinion that
the 1400 calory ration now proposed will prove insufficient and "that
unless a minimum 2000 calory ration can be issued to the public at
reasonable rates no stabilization is likely to prove lasting nor will
it be possible to put in price controls or to revise the present wage
levels." (Athens No. 9)
OCCUPATION OF GERMANY
An effort is being made to obtain amendment of the proposed
protocol on zones of occupation in Germany in order to permit the
Commander in Chief of the United States forces in the Southwestern
Zone to exercise such control of ports of Bremen and Bremerhaven as may
be necessary although these ports lie within the British sphere.
(London 9776)
BELGIUM
The Belgian Foreign Minister is in London to discuss with the
British and possibly other Allied Nations questions of supply and the
reorganization of the Belgian army. (Brussels 86)
FRANCE
France cannot favorably consider the possibility of entering a
Western European block or any other block. The essential aim of
French foreign policy is to achieve a perfect entente between France,
Great Britain, the Soviet Union and the United States. (Paris 395)
IRELAND
Mr. de Valera declared that peace cannot be maintained except by
the establishment of some universal world state with power to provent
aggression. Without referring specifically to the Dumberton Oaks
proposals he indicated that some solutions he had heard proposed would
not afford the guarantee required. (Dublin 192) DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:RB
By J. Schanble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
November 10, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
S:FED:ARK
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 11, 1944
7 6,5,
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
R. Coulet, delegate for Inter-Allied Affairs, has directed
a letter to SHARF setting forth the French Government's critical
opinion regarding relations between the French and Allied mill-
tary authorities. Among the complaints are alleged violations
of the requisitioning and captured war material agreements.
Another 1a the alleged Allied failure to pay attention to the
misconduct of Allied troops. (Paria 434)
It is reported that Churchill and Eden will discuss a new
financial agreement with the French during their visit to Paris.
(Paris 425)
FINLAND
Although the Soviet members of the Control Commission for
Pinland complain of delay In carrying out armistice terms,
British Foreign Office reports that no serious situation has
yet arisen. One question, however, which may become embarrassing
for the British is that of the treatment of Finns who are declared
war criminals by the Soviets. (London 9786)
GREECE
General Othoneos has assumed supreme comand of the Grook
Army which on December 1 will take over National Guard duties
throughout Creece. Until that time the Civil Guard of ELAS
will perform such duties, except in certain areas. (Athons 16)
The British believe that the question of deliveries of food-
stuffs and reparation goods from Bulgaria to Greece need not be
submitted to the EAC. In the British view the legal basis for
action by the Allied Control Commission already exists under the
terms of the armistice agreement. (Moscow 4291)
USSR
The British Foreign Office has no information which would
indicate that Stalin's recent reference to Japan as an aggressor
nation presages any great change in the near future in Russia's
Far Eastern policy. (London 9728)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:dfb
By State J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
Dept. Letter. 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DAVID
THE SECRETARY
November 11, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
NORWAY
The Norwegian Foreign Minister 1s in Moscow to dis-
cuss a number of questions of mutual interest to the two
governments and he appears to be highly gratified by the
results. The recent Soviet acquisition of territory in
the Petsamo area has necessitated a renegotiation with
the Russians of the arrangements heretofore existing
between Norway and Finland. The Russians are giving
serious attention to these questions and have shown evi-
dence of recognizing this frontier as a real one. Russian
reaction, both in the press and in official circles has
been definitely good. (Moscow 4297)
The Swedish Government considers the food situation
in Norway as extremely grave and believes that Norway
will be on the verge of famine in the spring if no appre-
ciable change occurs before then. (Stockholm 4612)
AMBASSADOR GAUSS
Gauss plans to leave Chungking on November 14.
(Chungking 1812)
S:FED:ARK
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheuble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 12, 1944
7 s.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
At the Special Congress of the French Section of the
International Socialist Party representatives were present
from Great Britain, Spain, Austria, Italy, Hungary, and
other European countries. The Secretary General in his
speech stated that during occupation the Socialist Party
had proposed cooperation with Communist Party, which offer
had been rejected but which he publicly renewed. (Paris 446)
Bidault has informed the Russian Ambassador that no
invitation has yet been sent to Stalin to visit France be-
cause the French authorities were doubtful as to whether or
not he could make the trip. Bogomolov replied that it was
up to the French authorities to decide whether or not to
send the invitation. (Paris 451)
Even on the eve of the Churchill-Eden visit to Paris,
all Paris journalists are vastly interested in the possibili-
ties of President Roosevelt's visit, which is accepted as B.
certainty, and it is believed his reception would create an
all-time high for public demonstrations in France. (Paris 428)
GREECE
Papandreou states that the Liberals, although partici-
pating in the Government, are also providing the only politi-
cal opposition which he has presently to contend with, but he
believes this is not of a very serious nature and that in
general the old parties as such have lost their hold on the
people. He adds that fear of Communism seems to be reviving
Royalist sentiment, particularly in "old Greece". (Athens 25)
TURKEY
Turkish Prime Minister states that he will grant a 40%
premium on the dollar for all purchases of Turkish products
and hopes that as 8. result of this favorable treatment
American purchases of Turkish products would commence in
volume. (Ankara 2158)
IRELAND
In reply to a question in Dail, de Valera has refused to
make a statement regarding the Irish answer to the American
request for denial of asylum to Axis war criminals, pleading
reasons of state and implying we did not wish publication.
(Dublin 196)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dent. 1-11-78
S:DF:dfb
By J. Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
November 12, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
In a review of the social and political situation in
France, Ambassador Caffery reports that the Government's posi-
tion will be determined by its ability to solve the grave
economic problems facing France. Reports from various sources
indicate the French people want a return to republican order
and a revival of their economic life. French industrial pro-
duction is in a most critical condition due to the desperate
shortage of transports and lack of raw materials. This
general economic paralysis will present a serious unemploy-
ment problem. Should the Government fail to find a solution,
the whole social and political pattern will be seriously
affected and this could bring about a political crisis of the
first magnitude. The Government seems keenly aware of the
serious economic situation and will do its best to meet the
crisis, but if it fails there is a probability it will try
to shift the blame to the Allies. Caffery urges that we make
every possible effort to assist France now in solving its
economic problems. (Paris 463)
BRAZIL
Our Embassy in Rio has learned in strict confidence that
Canadian Vickers has made a proposal to construct an unlimited
number of cargo vessels for Brazil. Vickers guarantees to
start construction immediately and is also willing to finance
transaction. Brazil would prefer to have vessels constructed
in United States but in view of urgent need of vessels it
cannot disregard the Canadian proposal. Matter is being held
in abeyance subject to consultation with Department. (Rio 4040)
TURKEY
The Prime Minister has directed the Foreign Office to
prepare for signature the final documents on the mutual aid
agreement without further delay. (Ankara 2157)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FED:MLM
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
November 13, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
The French Foreign Minister, other prominent members of
the Government and French generals have spoken frequently to
Mr. Caffery about the desirability of sending more French divi-
sions to the front. On November 12 General de Gaulle himself
brought the subject up again and said "Our people must face a
hard winter. If they feel that they are in the war they will
accept the hardships but if they feel that they are not in the
war and are being pushed aside by the Allies they will not
accept the hardships and might cause us trouble." (Paris 482)
YUGOSLAVIA
Subasic left Belgrade November 12 for Moscow. (Caserta
1285)
VENEZUELA
Although outwardly everything is quiet there are rumors
in Caracas that there had been an attempted revolt among troops
stationed on the outskirts of Caracas late November 12 or early
November 13. (Caracas 1077)
EITO CONFERENCE
The British Government intends to reply unilaterally to
the Soviet note of October 28 regarding Polish representation
at the EITO Conference unless a reply on the subject is
received from the U.S. Government and the two delegations in
London can make definite suggestions as to the procedure to be
followed after the contemplated consultation with the French
delegation. (London 9884)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:ARK
President
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 14, 1944
7 s.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
Although Churchill is aware of the practical difficulties
involved, he would like to see the French have as strong an army
as they can build up. He would be willing to cede 8. small part
of the British zone in Germany to the French and trusts that the
United States would be willing to cede a small part of the American
zone. with reference to a telegram which he sent to the President
on the Argentine meat situation he said "I held off until after
the elections but we must have the meat." (Paris 480)
It is reported that, in view of the death of the French Minister
of Pinance, financial arrangements with France were not discussed
during the Churchill visit to Paris. (Paris 499)
GERMANY
An intelligence report from Germany via Bern states that
Hitler's recent failure to deliver speech was due to a throat
operation a short time before. It adds that the operation was
successful but that Hitler's days are numbered 6.5 he 1s suffering
from a cancer of the larynx. (Bern 7505)
AVIATION CONFERENCE
Costa Rican Minister of Government, Fernando Soto Harrison,
has offered to attend Avistion Conference at Chicago in order to
use his influence with other Latin American delegates in order to
line them up behind the United States in questions on which we may
differ with the British. (San Jose 615)
CUBA
The Cuban Minister of State, pursuant to his ambition for
Cuba to develop a. more preeminent position in international and
especially inter-American affairs, has been considering the possi-
bility of Cuba serving as medistor between the United States and
Argentina to settle any outstanding differences in order to make
possible the holding of & conference of foreign ministers without
the occurrence of any disagreeable incident. After discussing the
matter with Ambassador Braden he secms to have dropped the idea.
(Habana A-2522)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-78
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:DF:MLM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file November
14, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHINA
General Hurley, accompanied by Lin Tsu-Han, flew to Yenan and
held conferences lasting two days with communist leaders. He had
received Generalissimo's permission to go and talk with Mao Tze-Tung
and is believed to have presented to Mao on behalf of the
Generalissimo an offer of legalization of all parties and participa-
tion by communists in government posts and Supreme National Defense
Council. Mao refused to accept invitation to come to Chungking at
this time but it appears that the door to reconciliation 1s not yet
wholly closed although it 1s not to be expected that Chiang or KMT
diehards will accept the extensive communist desiderata. The loss
of Kweilin and Almo Liuchow which the Japs now claim may impel
Chiang Kai-shek to seek more realistic compromise with communists
than heretofore. (Chungking 1826)
FRANCE
Eden confirmed to Mr. Caffery that the French are insisting on
obtaining armament. He also indicated that they were not having an
easy time with the French about Syria and Lebanon as the French feel
"that the British were not trying to help". Eden likewise stated
that they had not talked to the French about any sort of Western
bloc although "obviously we want to see France and the other western
European countries completely independent, prosperous and as strong
as possible." He added that much later on the British might want
to make some sort of special economic arrangements with the western
European countries and perhaps even some other arrangements.
(Paris 481)
YUGOSLAVIA
A British Reconnaissance Party which arrived at Split two days
ago was not permitted to proceed beyond the port area until Tito's
permission had been received. A group of some nine British officers
who arrived in Dubrovnic early last week were detained under house
arrest for 40 hours by partisan authorities before being allowed
to proceed. (Caserta 1296)
ARGENTINA
Mr. Messersmith has had a further conversation with the Mexican
Minister for Foreign Affairs concerning the proposed meeting of the
Foreign Ministers. Padilla pointed out that he wished it to be
clear that the matter of the recognition of Argentina was not and
is not a primary purpose of his memorandum. He indicated that he
did not consider that there was any essential difference between the
Department and himself either as to principle or as to procedure.
The Minister stated that he would prepare & further memorandum and
that he hoped that there would be the fullest consultation and
constant communication between him and us. DECLASSIFIED (Mexico City 1417)
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:ARK
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 15, 1944
7:00 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
EUROPEAN ADVISORY COMMISSION
The EAC has approved and signed the protocol on control
machinery in Germany and the amendments to the protocol on
zones of occupation for submission to the three governments.
(London 9952)
ITALIAN WARSHIPS
The Spanish Foreign Minister told Ambassador Hayes that
as an indication of Spain's real determination to cooperate
with the Allies and to give us some special assistance in
our war in the Pacific, he could guarantee that the Italian
warships would be released without recourse to arbitration
although no date could be specified. (Madrid 3733)
ITALY
Risorgimento Liberale bitterly reproaches United Nations
News Service for allegedly misinterpreting Roosevelt's state-
ment and leading Italians to believe they would receive more
bread rations. (Rome 722)
FRANCE
Magnien editorial in Humanite stresses the importance
of Pranco-British cooperation in Europe, the Far and Near
East. He urges France to avoid entering into a "regional
system" and praises the Soviet Union for obtaining French
entry into the EAC. (Paris 508)
AFGHANISTAN
Foreign Minister states that Afghan Government would give
favorable consideration to an application by the United States
for transit of commercial planes from India or Porsia to China
via Afghanistan. (Kabul 201)
AMBASSADOR GAUSS
Mr. Gause left Chungking on November 14. Counselor
George Atcheson is in charge of the Embassy. (Chungking 1832)
S:FED:jog
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
November 15, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
In addition to confirming what Churchill, Eden and Bidault
told the American Ambassador, Duff Cooper added the following points:
(1) Although he had not seen it Eden has a map with a projected
French zone outlined.
(2) The discussions about Syria and Lebanon were not very
satisfactory. According to Duff Cooper "the trouble is Spears
and up to now the Prime Minister has not been willing to remove
him."
(3) The Prime Minister promised the French that he would see
"1f he could find some odds and ends of arms but that he did not
think he could find many." (Paris 517)
YUGOSLAVIA
According to a British report from a liaison officer re-
cently returned from Macedonia and Serbia the liberation of cities
has brought to light an intelligent segment of the population
which 18 neither partisan nor Chetnik in sympathy but very much
concerned with orderly government. The attitude of these people
1s that partisans should be given a chance to prove whether they
can set up an orderly administration, (Caserta 1306)
SWITZERLAND
The proposed text of a reply to be made by the Federal
Council to a parliamentary question concerning asylum for war
criminals has been made available in confidence to the American
Minister. It states that although, in accordance with a long
series of precedents, the Federal Council intends to exercise
the unquestioned right of the sovereign state to give asylum to
fugitives who it considers worthy thereof, it does not, however,
feel disposed - even in cases involving the risk of death - to
authorize without examination refuge on Swiss territory to all
those who may request it, It is likewise stated that "asylum
could not be granted either to persons who have displayed an
unfriendly attitude towards Switzerland or who have committed
acts contrary to the laws of war or whose past gives evidence
of conceptions incompatible with fundamental traditions of law
and humanity." (Bern 7522)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FEW:ARK
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 16, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
Bidault outlined France's position in connection
with Germany and stated that France has no desire to
annex any German territory but does want to participate
in a permanent international control of the Rhineland.
(Paris 515) (Paris 516)
SPAIN
Spanish Foreign Minister declared that he is anxious
to meet Allied wishes in regard to the German airline but
service would have to continue unless Spain found some
other means to enable it to maintain contact with Switzer-
land. (Madrid 3735)
MIDDLE EAST
Foreign Minister of Iraq fears that Soviet policy in
Iran would result in loss of Iranian sovereignty. He be-
lieves that the security of Iraq and future peace depends
upon maintaining independent countries in the Middle East.
(Baghdad 245)
CHINA
According to Foreign Office delegate, six hundred
White Russians attacked Ining, near Soviet border, and
occupied city. (Chungking 1834)
GUATEMALA
Foreign Minister informed our Embassy that Salvadoran
army officers plan to create an incident to be used as a
pretext for declaring war on Guatemala with support of
Honduras. (Guatemala 784)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FED:dfb
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
MFD-364
Paris
This telegram must be
closely paraphrased bE-
Dated November 14, 1944
fore being communicated
to culyone.
(
Rec'd 1:26 p.m., 15th.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
US URGENT
NIACT 516, November 14th,, 7 p.m.
Bidault confirmed what Churchill and EdEn told
me (my telegrams Nos. 480 and 481 November 13, 1 p.m.)
and gave us some additional information.
OnE. France has no desire to annex any German
territory but she is most anxious to take part in
a permanent international control of the left bank
of the Rhine, Ruhr and Saar and that close control
bE Exercised over all German industry located there
and Especially all near - war - industry.
Two. France hopes to bE assigned an occupation
zone to bE taken from the British and ours.
Three. General de Gaulle and Bidault Endervored
to impress on the British the need for arming Eight
divisions. I repeated to Bidault my conversation with
de Gaulle (my telegram 482 November 13, 2 p.m.).
HE said:
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
-2-#NIACT516, November 14, 7 p.m., from Poris.
HE said: "I accept General de Gaulle's figures."
In addition to de Gaulle's argument he said: "WE will
have no authority in the occupied zone of Germany if WE
have not taken an adequate part in the war. To take
an adequate part WE need at least an additional four
or five divisions. WE could begin our training in
part at least with second weapons to bE replaced leter
on by new ones."
Four. Bidault said that Spain was discussed also,
HE told the British Prime Minister what he has told
me before that France had no love for Franco but does
want order on her southern frontier. The opposition
groups to Franco are numerous but all fighting among
themselves. In his opinion there is nothing to bE
gained in endravoring to stirjup trouble at this juncture
for Franco. With that in mind he will receive the visit
tomorrow of Sangrongs at the Quai d'Orsay.
Five. Italy was discussed. France has no terri-
torial ambitions in regard to the Losta Valley or any
other Italian territory. She has no ambitions in the
former Italian possessions in North Africa. In fact to
avoid complications it might bE better to leave them in
Italian hands. HOWEVER, the Italians in Tunis must lose
their
-3-#NIACT 516, November 14, 7 p.m., from Paris.
their privileged status.
Six. In the For East France Expects to reoccupy
Indo-China but will bE disposed to grant Extensive
rights to the native population.
SEVEN. A western block was not discussed. France
dots not want at this juncture to enter into a W Estern
block or alliance. France hopes that the United States
and Great Britain will help her to stand on her own
feet again. When she can do that she will bE of more
USE to us (and she will certainly bE close to the
smaller countries of Western Europe) than 1f she were
to join a block or an alliance.
Eight. Bidault in referring to the Syria Lebanon
business remarked that our representative there had
not been very "kind" to the French.
Repeated to London as 38.
CAFFERY
HTM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 16, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
SPAIN
Although the Legation at Tangier has been successful
in bringing about the expulsion of practically all Italian
axis agents from Tangier and Spanish Morocco, it has so far
been unable to obtain satisfaction in the case of one White
Russian who 1s considered the most active and dangerous
agent left in the area. The Legation recommends that pres-
sure be brought to this end by the Embassy in Madrid.
(Tangier 334)
NETHERLANDS
The Netherlands Government does not contemplate at
this time conversations regarding a four-power political-
military alliance. The present government will resign
after the Netherlands are liberated and would not undertake
to commit the new government to be established after libera-
tion. (London, NETER, 32)
FRANCE
General de Gaulle has accepted an invitation from
the Soviet Government to visit Moscow in company with
Foreign Minister Bidault. The date of the visit has not
yet been announced but it 18 reported that they will leave
shortly. (Paris 533)
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DECLASSIFIED
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:DF:ARK
President
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schemble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 17, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Myron Taylor had an audience with the Pope and reviewed the
Italian relief question, the war, and developments in Germany.
(Vatican City 379--copy to the President)
GREECE
British report a plot for a coup d'etat was discovered and the
situation in Greece is most critical. SAC has ordered all British
troops there to remain and use force required to crush ELAS troops.
(Caserta 1336)
MacVehgh reports that the Embassy lacks information that direct
action against the British-supported Government in Greece is con-
templated at this time. (Athens 47)
SWEDEN
Our Embassy in London believes that we can induce the British to
join in demand for total cessation of Swedish trade with enemy if the
United States is able to make necessary commodities available to
Sweden. (London 10033)
YUGOSLAVIA
British Government suggests that General Mihailovio should be
rescued from Yugoslavia and placed in honorable forced residence
abroad. British want us to participate in his evacuation and then
bring him to the U.S. Kirk told MacMillan that such a movement would
obviously involve serious complications. (Caserts 1323)
PORTUGAL
The Portuguese Government does not want former King Carol to land
in Portugal. (Lisbon 3965)
RUSSIA
Colonel M. Tolchenov, well-known Soviet military commentator, in
e public lecture on November 14 in Moncow on the war in the Pacific,
accused Japan of aggression based on a plan to establish world domina-
tion. He predicted success for American operations in the Philippines
and concluded by stating that Japan's prospects for victory were
extremely unfavorable. (Mossow 4383)
ARGENTINA
Brazil agrees in principle with our views on the Mexican proposal
for a meeting of Foreign Ministers. (Rio de Janeiro 4086)
Panama supports the proposal to hold a conference of Foreign
Ministers. (Panama 627, 630)
CHILE
President Rios has intimated that he would like to visit the U.S.
next March. (Santiago 1799)
S:FED:MLM
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
BAS-668
Vatican City
This telegram must be
closely paraphrased be-
Dated November 16, 1944
fore bring communicated
to anyone.
Reo'd 12:01 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
379, November 16, 1 p.m.
FOR THE PRESIDENT AND THE SECRETARY.
In an audience yesterday His Holiness and I reviewed
EVENTS of the past week, the urgent need for relief both
in the matter of food, clothing and mEdical supplies in
Italy which 1s very greatly disturbing him as well as
ourselves. WE reviewed the EVENTS related to the war
and the various possibilities in the development of
affairs in Germany.
I then presented Admiral Richardson and the fourteen
members of his party who are with him have visited the
front and who are considering a report upon the fensibility
of consolidating in the postwar period all Army, Nayy
and aviation branches of our military establishment. The
Pope received the members of this group with a most
welcome and engaging Expression of pleasure and the mission
retired most impressed and happy at the opportunity of
having had this private audience. Admiral Richardson
did not
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
-2- #379, November 16, 1 pama from Vatican City
d14 not Express in a short and open conversation which
took place that same confidence in an early victory over
Germany as General McNarny has expressed to the Pope a
fortnight ago and which I duly reported.
TAYLOR
WSB
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 17, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
YUGOSLAVIA
Subasic's departure for Moscow having been delayed by
weather, he 1s still in Yugoslavia and has refused an urgent
personal request of Churchill to proceed to London before
visiting Moscow. He is fully aware that Moscow rather than
London is dictating in Yugoslav affairs today, that Belgrade
is in full control of the Partisans and that King Peter's
position is negligible. (Caserta 1344)
GREECE
Upon returning from a trip to Athens Kirk reports that
communications are non-existent throughout Greece, with
resulting chaos, and that in most provinces a de facto
administration 18 maintained by EAM. All members of Papandreou's
government support him openly but there is an ill-disguised
cleavage between his personal supporters and the EAM-ELAS
group. (Caserta 1318)
FINLAND
A Finnish Deputy who has maintained continuous contact
with an official of the Soviet Control Commission feels
assured that although the Soviet Government 18 determined,
first, to obtain a reliably pro-Russian government in Finland
and, second, to get the most out of the armistice terms, it is
not aiming to sovietize Finland. (Stockholm 4682)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheuble Date
S:DF:ARK
President
DECLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR
8
1972
By J. Scheuble Date
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 18, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHINA
General Wedemeyer is convinced that Butich and Dutch Governments
are determined to retain their Far Eastern colonial possessions and even
expand their political and economic interests in that area and that they
have reached a definite agreement among themselves in such matters.
(Chungking 1853)
ITALY
The Italian Foreign Office has taken objection to the trial and exe-
cution of three Italian Army officers by Yugoslav Partisan units belong-
ing to the Yugoslav National Army of Liberation. Eleven other Italian
officers are likewise awaiting trial by the Partisans. (Caserta 1353)
The High Commissariat for punishment of Fascist crimes has announced
the arrest of General Mario Roatta, former Chief of General Staff, who
was allegedly responsible for the collapse of the Italian defense against
the Germans following the September armistice. It is also stated that
Roatta is on Marshal Tito's list of war criminals as Commander of
Italian Second Army in Yugoslavia. (Rome 741)
BULGARIA
A second unannounced Greek delegation has arrived in Sofia for the
purpose of arranging the recovery of machinery, property, et cetera,
removed by Bulgarians during the evacuation and in the hope of obtaining
supplies under article 9 of the armistice for the relief of the Greek
population. A more formal method of handling these matters by the Greek
Government is recommended. (Caserta 1137)
SERBIA
The Bulgarian Army is in occupation of nearly all Serbia according
to & British Foreign Office official. Bulgarian Government is said to
have asked the Soviets to set a geographical limit to employment of the
Bulgarian Army. (London 10083)
MEETING OF FOREIGN MINISTERS
Chilean Minister for Foreign Affairs stated that he was shocked to
learn from AP that the Chilean Ambassador in Washington had presented a
long note to the Department presumably accepting the Argentine proposi-
tion. He implied that Mora is prone to act on his initiative rather than
under instructions and requested that the Department give no publicity
to Mora's note. (Santiago 1803)
ECUADOR
The Ecuadoran Minister for Foreign Affairs has replied with such
vagueness to a resolution of the Constitutional Assembly that the Ameri-
can Ambassador believes that "Ecuador will neither declare war against
the Axis nor establish relations with the Soviet Union in the near future".
(Quito 1104)
IRAN
The British Ambassador has presented an oral protest to the Russian
Ambassador concerning the Russian action in holding up and suppressing
Iranian Government telegrams. (Tehran 847)
S:FEW:MLM
President
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Scheuble Date, MAR 8 1972
file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 19, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
Mr. Myron Taylor reports that the situation with regard to supplies
for rolief for Italy is very unsatisfactory. Be urges that a special
ship be used for the transportation of relief material. "Promises
for relief made at home and given wide publicity here will be
increasingly embarrassing in the absence of any actual relief."
(Vatican City 382--copy to the President)
EITO CONFERENCE
The American delegation to the EITO conference expresses the
opinion that it 10 more important to get some sort of organization
established than it 1a to lose time contending for many points that in
themselves may be meritorious. (London 10121)
DE GAULLE'S VISIT TO MOSCOW
The Moseew press for November 18 published an announcement that
following the expression by General de Gaulle of a desire to visit
Moscow an invitation was extended to him. (Moscow 4416)
The British Government was surprised to learn of de Gaulle's 1m-
pending visit to Moscow and had learned about it only through the press,
whereas when Churchill and Eden visited Paris both the Soviet and the
United States Governments were informed beforehand. (London 10087)
FINLAND
A new Cabinet of 18 members has been formed by Passikivi. It appears
to be a material improvement on the previous Cabinet if judged from the
standpoint of more effectively representing the change in Finnish policy
toward the Soviet Union and of reflecting also the trend toward the Left
which is taking place in Finland, Various shades of opinion are
ingeniously balanced in the new Cabinet. (Stockholm 4715)
AUSTRALIA
Evatt loses no opportunity to hint that he and Frazer expect an
invitation to Washington in due course and an official who would ac-
company him spoke "of going over about January". (Canberra 144)
BOLIVIA
A Chilean Secret Service report indicates that a ministerial crisis
in Bolivia may be impending and that the Military Lodge would
encourage picking a quarrel with a neighboring nation to divert
attention from domestic situation. (Santiago 1810)
The Chilean Foreign Minister is greatly concerned over reports from
La Paz of propaganda of war like significance about Chile. Chilean
Ambassador at La Paz has reported that "Military Lodge is considering
an Argentine offer of loan of hundred million Argentine pesos in return
for Bolivia's entering the Argentine orbit against the United States".
(Santiago 1805)
EL SALVADOR
The National Assembly has approved a decree submitted to it by the
Aguirre group calling for the dismissal of the entire supreme court and
judges of the other principal federal courts. (San Salvador 379)
S:FEW:MLM
President
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
free November 20, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
BOLIVIA
Revolutionists have set up a provisional governmental Junta in
Oruro. A state of siege has been declared throughout the country.
General Meliton Brito and Colonel Aniceto Quiroga are said to be leaders
of the revolutionary movement. Calm prevailed in La Paz the forenoon
of November 19 although the Police Department was requisitioning pri-
vate automobiles, trucks and taxis presumably to facilitate the move-
ment of troops to Oruro and some arrests were made. (La Paz 1925)
The inauguration of Ino Fuentes as Vice President did not take
place as scheduled on November 18. (La Paz 1924)
EL SALVADOR
The National Assembly has decreed a state of siege affecting
five departments including San Salvador. The three independent
newspapers have announced suspension of publication. (San Salvador 380)
THE ARGENTINE QUESTION
Panama newspapers carried a headline November 19 to the effect
that "Panama proposes recognition of Argentine Government". However,
the story beneath the headline indicated merely that Panama had
only proposed consultation on whether Argentina should be asked to
attend the meeting of Foreign Ministers and that Panama has not pro-
posed recognition. (Panama 633)
CHINA
The Embassy has learned confidentially that the Suprome National
Defense Council has approved a statement of general principles govern-
ing postwar economic development covering such questions as the role
of private enterprise and foreign participation in Chinese industry.
(Chungking 1864)
GERMANY
Reports received in Bern indicate that considerable progress
has been made by the Nazis in their clandestine organization both
inside and outside Germany for work in the postwar period. Himmler
is reported to have said that the Nazis' rapidly expanding foreign
organization has enabled them to evolve from a pure nationalist
movement into an internationalist one like Communism. (Bern 7627)
SWEDEN
The Norwegian Foreign Minister when in Stockholm informed
Mr. Johnson in strictest confidence that the Swedish Prime Minister
had given assurances of Swedish military assistance under certain
conditions which might make that assistance necessary. (Stockholm
4729)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S;FEW;MLM
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 20, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
MacVeagh reports that the weakness of the Greek
Government 18 proving to be a most disturbing factor
in the present situation and his British colleague
is concerned over the lack of collaboration being
shown by the Communist members of the coalition govern-
ment. (Athens 55)
HUNGARY
The British Foreign Office agrees in principle
with our desire to make the reparation clause of the
Hungarian armistice more reasonable and submits its
views for our consideration. (London 10159)
GUATEMALA
Our Naval Attache in Guatemala investigated
the military situation along the Salvadoran-Guatemalan
frontier and reports that there is no indication of
any organization or design against Guatemala.
(Guatemala 739)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FED:ARK
Print
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DECLASSIFIED
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
November 21, 1944
7 a.m.
By
J.
Schemble
Date
MAR
8
1972
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
HOLIVIA
As of 2 p.m. November 20, it was not known in La Paz whether the
Government had actually succeeded in quelling the revolt in Oruro and
there was also confusion as to what elements were responsible for the
uprising. (La Paz 1926)
MEETING OF FOREIGN MINISTERS
In a statement made to representatives of the U.S. press, the
Panamanian Foreign Minister indicated that the Government of Panama
believes that a conference of American Foreign Ministers should be
held but not for the purpose of dealing with the case of Argentina.
It is likewise stated that it is hoped that the Argentine Republic
might be present at the conference but only on condition that there
is a radical change in the course of action of the Argentine Govern-
ment "evidenced by the exact compliance with the obligations acquired
in Rio de Janeiro and in the other American conferences". (Panama 641)
RUSSIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONS
The British Ambassador in Moscow believes it would be unwise to
approach Molotov for an explanation of Soviet policy in Iran.
(Moscow 4438)
Mr. Winant suggests discussion with Lord Halifax of the Russian-
Iranian situation. (London 10203)
LEBANON AND SYRIA
The Brazilian Government is recognizing Lebanon and Syria,
(Rio de Janeiro 3127)
Bidault is reported to have given Eden the fullest assurances
with regard his intention and that of the French Government to carry
out all promises of independence to Syria and Lebanon. (Beirut 258)
RUMANIA
The King has told Berry that the actions of the Russians in
Rumania have made it extremely difficult to govern the country and
to cope with the Communists. (Bucharest 13)
King Carol and his party arrived at Rio de Janeiro November 20.
(Rio de Janeiro 4125)
INVITATION TO PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT TO VISIT PARIS
I FRANCE LIBRE and PATRIE commented with great enthusiasm on the
proposed visit of President Roosevelt to France. (Paris 591--copy
to the President)
GERMANY
It is reported from Born that Dutch girls are being recruited for
labor service in Germany following the policy of Berlin of transferring
to Germany the younger element among the populations of territories
evacuated by the Wehrmacht. The number of civilian hostages held in
Germany is constantly on the increase. (Bern 7652)
S:FEW:MLM
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
PLAIN
AND RECORDS
MVA-827
file
Paris via Navy
Dated November 20, 1944
Rec'd 1:12 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
591, Twentisth.
Two Paris newspapers comment on President Roosevelt
and possibility of his visit to Paris. From France
LIBRE: "SEVEral days ago France acclaimed England its
companion in struggle for the Benning. Yesterday WE
learned that General DE Gaulle is Expected to visit
Moscow in the near future (*HH) as soon as possible a
return visit from Marshal Stalin would bE desirable.
After his reflection President Roosevelt was invited to
visit Paris by General DE Gaulle. WE hope that the
President of the United States will COME to us and that
the welcome of fighting Paris will convince our guest,
if indeed such is necessory, that France, about to sit
in the Council of Great Nations, is the same France that
has always been beloved by our American friends. WE
wish that the "first American citizen" might COME and
SEE with his own Eye the sufferings Endured by a prople
devoted
-2- #591, Twentisth, from Paris via Navy.
devoted to liberty and to PESCE - Even at the price of
its own security. Visiting the American solditrs would
carry President Roosevelt through our martyred cities
and would permit him to carry back to his own country
arguments which will convince those of his fellow
countrymen who have a tendency to regard us a little
distantly. Certainly America is far removed from the
scenes of battle and death, and one can understand that
its citizens living under normal conditions under which
WE live France wishes to resume its seat, empty for so
long a time in the concert of democracies. What does
France desire? France wishes to bE present on EVEry
battlefield at the side of its Allits. France wished
to bE present at every debate wherein will bE settled
the problems of security of the future of the civilized
world. France wishes to bE in the vanguard of progress
and social well-bring - the dream of those who have
crossed the SEAS to fight against tyranny. France wishes
to make its contribution of lobor, its reborn forces,
its originality and its genius. France wished to give
work to its labortrs, its presants, its artisens and its
industries; it wishes arms for its solditrs. All this
WE shall
-3- #591, Twentieth, from Paris,via Navy.
WE shall bE happy to say to Franklin ROOSEVELT, and
at the some time with our accustomed warmth, WE shall
acclaim the old and living friendship of the two first
republics of the modern world."
PATRIE published by the War Department carries
article on the American Election which is in the moin
purely factual but Ends up with: "In the EYES of
future generations Mr. Roosevelt's great merit is having
given to his country a role worthy of its greatness, of
its economic force and of its generous traditions.
Today the great opponents have to approve his policy to
justify themselves before the Electors (#H)) one can
never forget that the present American policy is that
which President Roosevelt established by twelve years
of effort of tenecity and skill and there is no better
person for carrying it further. AS for the Republicans,
whatever their present intentions, there is no guarantee
that they would not bE moved at SOME future time (###)
by isolationist influences. It must also bE noted that
defeat for Mr. Roosevelt would have been interpreted by
the Enemies of the Allies as a disnvowel of his policits
in the middle of B. war (#*#) President Roostvelt has
played
-4- #591, Twentisth, from Paris.via Navy:
played a primary role in the development of American
military power (***) enthusiest EVEr since his youth
for naval affairs, he gave to his country a colossal
fleet which joined to the British fleet permitted the
Allies to carry on a victorious war on EVEry continent.
At Casablance and Tehran he discussed with Mr. Churchill
and with Marshall Stalin the offensive plans which are
Ending in these last months of success (sic). The war
is not yet Ended. After the war COMES a still more
difficult task of organizing a peace. France wishes to
collaborate with President Roosevelt in establishing
the world on the most solid possible basis and in
bringing it toward a happier state. The Government of
the Republic has just invited the President to Paris for
the purpost of showing him its friendship and its con-
fidence. Our prople will salute him as a faithful friend
who showed his friendship in the most tragic hours of our
history, friend who represents those principles of liberty
and humanity which inspired from the hours of their birth
the American and the French Republics."
CAFFERY
RB
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 21, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
De Gaulle and Bidault plan to leave Thursday for Moscow.
They and the Russians have no program for the conversations.
(Paris 597)
NORWAY
Gunther states that the Swedish Government has made strong
representations at Berlin in an effort to obtain permission for
the Norwegians in the north of Norway to enter Sweden and remain
there. The German military situation north of Narvik is reported
to be in a desperate and confused position. The situation of
the Norwegian civilian population north of Narvik is considered
appalling and tragic. The people are bitter against the Allies
and the Royal Government for not trying to help them.
(Stockholm 4745)
CHINA
Chiang Kai-shek plans to reorganize his government by mak-
ing changes in key positions within the family circle. Chen
Cheng or Chang Chih Chung is expected to be appointed Minister
of War. Communist representatives are invited to nominal
participation but it 18 understood that Chou En-Lai plans to
refuse acceptance because he contends that such a plan does
not meet minimum Communist demands. (Chungking 1874)
ARGENTINA
Vargas and Velloso believe it would be a mistake to hold
any conference of Foreign Ministers in the near future and
would only cause confusion and dissension. They believe that
the American Republics will not be prepared to present any
positive views in regard to post-war economic plans. (R10 4136)
The Dominican Government plans to follow our lead in
regard to the Argentine situation. (Ciudad Trujillo 508)
EL SALVADOR
Velloso stated that the Brazilian Government will follow
our policy with respect to El Salvador. (Rio 4126)
The Costa Rican Foreign Minister believes that the present
regime in El Salvador 1s illegal and should not be recognized.
(San Jose 629)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FED:ARK
By J. Scheuble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY,
November 22, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
JAPAN
Secretary of Japanese Embassy at the Vatican has in-
formed his Government that after Germany's defeat the
Soviet Union would probably renounce its non-aggression
pact with Japan and enter the Pacific war on the Allied
side. He believes that Japan should prepare to seek a
negotiated peace. (Caserta 1431)
GERMANY
It is reported that alleged manifestations of fatigue
among Russian troops in East Prussia encourage Himmler
and his group to believe that Germany may soon have a
chance to make a separate peace with Russia. (Bern 7656)
FRANCE
Foreign Minister Bidault proposes to send abroad a
good will mission to attempt to regain some of the ground
lost through the activities of the Vichy diplomats.
Mission will not visit the Argentine. (Paris 604)
BOLIVIA
It is claimed that the recent movement against the
Government has been suppressed and that the Government
has the situation completely under control. (La Paz 1930)
The Bolivian Foreign Minister has categorically
denied that there has been any war-like propaganda on the
part of Bolivia or that there has been any reinforcement
of any Bolivian frontier other than the Bolivian-Argentine,
where additional customs police have been stationed to
curb smuggling. (La Paz 1933)
ECUADOR
The Ecuadoran Government is considering a declaration
of war or a state of belligerency preparatory to signing
the United Nations declaration. (Quito 1122)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S DF:MCW
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
frum p.m.
22, 1944
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
BELGIUM
The Council of Ministers approved a proposal to annul
the provision prohibiting government employees from belong-
ing to the Communist party. (Brussels 111)
The streets in Brussels were filled with crowds and
troops demanding that the cabinet resign. Pierlot insists
that the disarming ofall except authorized forces must
take place regardless of objections and cost. (Brussels
110)
IRAN
Mortezaq 011 Bayat was given a vote of confidence
and appointed Prime Minister of Iran. (Tehran 860)
ARGENTINA
The Bolivian Foreign Minister agrees with our position
with respect to the Argentine problem but points out that
the policy of Bolivia must necessarily be governed by that
of Chile. His government will notify the United States in
advance of any decision reached. (La Paz 1934)
ITALY
MacMillan 18 leaving for London en route to the
United States and expects to arrive in Washington about
December 1. He will be accompanied by Col. J. E. Bastion, Jr.,
Secretary of General Staff AFHQ. (Caserta 1439)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date
MAR 8 1972
S:FED:ARK
DECLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
State Dept. Lease, MAR
filer
8
197OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
By J. Schenble Date
November 23, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
SWEDEN
As soon as the SS SATURNUS arrives at a Swedish port the
Government will issue a simple statement to the press that all
trade with Germany has ceased. In the meantime they will stop
exports of all items stipulated by us and will reduce all others
to an absolute minimum. (Stockholm 4799)
SPAIN
With reference to the future Spanish position in Tangier
Ambassador Hayes recommends that the initiative in approaching
the subject should come from the statutory powers acting in
concert and not from the United States. (Madrid 3802)
RUMANIA
The Rumanians believe that presence of Soviet troops in
Rumania will increase the audacity of local Communists and the
weak and thinly spread Rumanian forces will be unable to check
disorders which local Communists threaten. This would give
Soviet authorities an excuse for replacing the Rumanian Govern-
ment with a puppet government or with direct Soviet control.
(Bucharest 18)
FRANCE
French Foreign Minister states that suspension of sugar
shipments to French North Africa is causing serious political
difficulties. Ambassador Caffery says that these difficulties
will inevitably be blamed on us even though the French themselves
are responsible. (Paris 619)
Foreign Minister Bidault states that France does not want to
participate in any limited western European bloc. He adds that
the French flag is on the Rhine to stay. (Paris 618)
GREECE
Papandreou is having difficulty in completing appointments
in the Army's higher command without sacrificing efficiency or
offending certain sections of the Government. No stability can
be hoped for in the country until the guerrillas have been
replaced by the National Guard and the National Army which will
be the instruments not of one party but of the state as a whole.
(Caserta 1444)
YUCOSLÁVIA
Tito considers that a monarchy is no longer popular in
Yugoslavia but for the sake of the United Nations which recog-
nize King Peter he will temporarily adhere to the monarchy by
accepting a regency. (London-Yugoslave5)
PERU
Peru will recognize the Gustemalar Government. (Lima 1417)
BRAZIL
There is general dissatisfaction with our recent cotton
subsidy and refusal to increase coffee prices, both of which
have major political and economic significance in Brazil. It is
claimed that our cotton subsidy policy will exclude Brazilian
cotton from world markets. (Rìo 4153, 4152)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
files
November 23, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
NORWAY
Statements made by the Swedish Secretary General "bear out
information we have received from many sources that entire Norway
18 in danger of starvation". He likewise stated the Foreign Office
is encouraged to believe that Sweden will have a favorable reply
from the Germans for permission to bring refugees from northern
Norway into Sweden and let them remain there. Moreover, he stated
that the present main concern of the Swedish Government in its
relations with Germany 1s not fear of Germany or of any action
Germany might take but anxiety lest existing meager facilities which
Sweden has for aiding the Norwegians might be jeopardized.
(Stockholm 4800)
YUGOSLAVIA
Negotiations at Bari with Yugoslav delegates regarding relief
matters have reached an impasse on question of permitting adequate
unrestricted observation of distribution of imported and local
relief supplies in Yugoslavia, (Caserta 1460)
SPAIN
The Spanish reply to the Department's air agreement proposals
of November 15 is expected shortly. If the reply 18 satisfactory
the Embassy in Madrid will suggest to the Spaniards that December 1
be made the effective date in the agreement and the covering
exchange of notes. (Madrid 3822)
IRAN
The British Ambassador sent a letter on November 20 to Molotov.
He invited a clarification of Russian intentions in Iran and ex-
pressed the concern of his government because of the importance of
having the consignatories of the Tehran Declaration pursue &
policy along similar lines toward Iran. He suggested that the
Soviet Government let it be known that it had agreed in common with
the Governments of the United States and United Kingdom that the
whole question of oil concessions in Iran should now be left until
after the war. (Moscow 4459)
BOLIVIA
It is reported that Meliton Brito has committed suicide and
that Ovidio Quiroga 18 in hiding. Five civilians and three army
men have been executed and further executions are expected. The
execution of unsuccessful revolutionaries 18 a new procedure and
some reaction may follow. (La Paz 1937)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter. 1-11-72 MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:ARK
By J. Schauble Date
DECLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
State Dept. Letter, 1.11.72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 24, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
In answer to press criticism that Americans pamper
German prisoners, the United States Provost Marshal General
has given a press conference in order to explain the provi-
sions of the Geneva Convention and to point out that promises
of good treatment extended to Germans by leaflets etc. cause
surrenders and thus contribute to shortening of war and
saving of French, American and British lives. (Paris 640)
BELGIUM
British Foreign Office agrees with the Belgian Govern-
ment that officials and employees of the German Foreign
Ministry formerly stationed in Brussels and now in Belgian
custody do not have diplomatic status and that they can be
used for Belgo-German exchange. (London 10307)
GREECE
British intelligence sources reporting plans for EAM
coup d'etat state that EAM leaders decided to make propaganda
to effect that (a) Great Britain cannot fulfill its promises
of supplies and (b) local population must change its present
friendly attitude to the British. It was also decided to
employ Communist propaganda among British troops in Greece.
(Caserta 1466)
POLAND
Although Mikolajezyk has obtained complete support of
Peasant Party leaders within Poland he is convinced that
the other three parties in his Government will not support
his program for reconciliation at this time with the Soviets
and the Lublin Poles. (London 10326)
RUMANIA
Soviet representatives in Constantza claim that all
German imports into Rumania during the war came from Russia
and therefore Rumanian Government must compensate the USSR
for them regardless of whether or not they were reshipped
abroad. A third of Constantza has been evacuated by the
Rumanians in order to make room for Soviet officials who
are bringing in their families. The Russians are creating
a naval port and arsenal there and give every indication of
having come to stay. (Bucharest 20)
USSR
Kennan has not been able to obtain any reactions re-
garding the Soviet attitude toward the EITO conference and
points out the similarity of Soviet action in this case to
the last minute refusal to participate in the civil aviation
conference. (Moscow 4455)
URUGUAY
The Uruguayan Foreign Minister, referring to the
Argentine proposal, states that it is doomed to failure and
assures our Ambassador that Uruguay will not in any circum-
stances depart from its stand for continental solidarity.
(Montevideo 1107)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
November 24, 1944
THE SECRETARY.
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHINA
Although Chinese Government officials are endeavoring to put
on an optimistic front, there has been spreading in Chinese and
foreign official and private circles in Chungking since the fall
of Ishan real apprehension over the prospects for the near future
and for the military situation. Chinese business men and some
others are converting goods into portable articles or currency
and changing Chinese currency into gold or United States currency,
causing an almost runaway rise in the exchange rate, which in
some transactions reached 640 to 1, There is likewise a. feeling
of cynicism toward recent and prospective government changes.
(Chungking 1888)
FRANCE
In a note from the French Foreign Minister it 18 stated that
the Provisional Government of the Republic 18 prepared to sign
the Declaration of January 1, 1942 and that the adherence by France
to the pact of the United Nations implies French participation in
all international conferences organized within the framework of
the United Nations. (Paris 647)
General de Gaulle and Bidault plan to leave Paris November 24
for Moscow but they still have no agenda. (Paris 644)
GREECE
The situation in Athens is quieter since the communist demon-
stration held November 19 in Constitution Square, which was
organized ostensibly to celebrate the 26th anniversary of the Greek
Communist Party. The demonstration passed off without any incident
and the demonstrators were not armed. On November 16 Gen. Scobie
issued an order prohibiting the carrying of arms in the Athens
Piraeus area. Strong rumors continue to circulate in Athens of a
serious government crisis. Both EAM and the British are trying to
avoid a real impasse. The main hope of peace in Greece 18 the
belief of both sides that by violence they would destroy each
other. (Caserta 1473 and 1476)
MILITARY COMMANDS
Although the information is not yet known to most higher
officials of AFHQ, General Wilson is to succeed the late Field
Marshal Dill in Washington, General Alexander is to be named
Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean and Lt. Gen. Mark W. Clark
will be named to succeed Alexander as head of AAI. (Caserta 1478)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FEW:ARK
Fly.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 25, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
POLAND
Harriman reports that Churchill and Eden stated that they
could not object to Mikolajozyk's resignation and If he does
resign Britain would have to reconsider its relationship with
Poland. (London 10358, Copy to the President)
Winant reports Mikolajezyk resigned as Prime Minister of
Poland. Vice Premier Kwapinski (Socialist) was asked to form
a new Cabinet. (London-Poles 124)
British News Chronicle points out that Polish problem
remains unsolved--a source of potential danger to allied unity
and to Poland's own future as a sovereign state. (London 10386)
PORTUGAL
Lisbon reports that the Santa Maria agreement may be
signed next Tuesday. (Lisbon 4059)
YUGOSLAVIA
The Yugoslav Acting Foreign Minister deplores report that
United States and Britain are aiding Mihailovich to escape.
(London-Yugos 5)
CHINA
Political Vice Minister told our Embassy that General
Hurley would be acceptable as our Ambassador to China.
(Chungking 1890)
The Kuomintang--Communist conversations are proceeding
with General Hurley taking part in Government councils.
(Chungking 1894)
ARGENTINA
The Argentine press believes the proposal for the meet-
ing of Foreign Ministers will fail and blames United States.
(Buenos Aires 2863)
COLOMBIA
Possible internal disturbances are indicated by recurrent
rumors combined with activity in military and police circles.
(Bogota 1946)
EL SALVADOR
The general strike is spreading to almost all large com-
mercial establishments in San Salvador. Reports indicate
deterioration in the economic situation and in the maintenance
of law and order. (San Salvador 387)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S FED:MOW
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
November 25, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
The Pope assured Mr. Taylor that no approach by the Germans
looking to an end of the war had been made. The Pope declared
that he himself has indicated on suitable occasions that nothing
but unconditional surrender would be considered by the Allies.
It is quite possible, however, that an approach to define the
procedure to be followed might be made through Vatican channels.
(Vatican City 386, copy attached)
CHINA
On November 21 the Generalissimo approved a draft proposal
governing the Chinese War Production Board which will probably be
promulgated in about ten days simultaneously with the revised
national mobilization law. Mr. Nelson states that the present
law recommended by him is more comprehensive than that under
which our WPB operates and replaces the unsatisfactory draft
proposed by the Chinese. (Chungking 1891)
GREECE
The American Military Attaché, who recently visited Salonika,
states that the ELAS guerrillas, who took over complete control
when the Germans evacuated, still retain this control to a large
extent despite the arrival of British troops and representatives
of the government. In the country districts the government has
no power at all. ELAS collects and completely controls communi-
cations. (Athens 88)
MOSCOW
The British Ambassador has written Molotov stating that the
British Government could not agree that the commodities to be de-
livered under the Rumanian and Finnish armistices should be valued
at prices other than generally prevailing world prices. He like-
wise pointed out that the British Government believes that repara-
tions deliveries by Finland and Rumania should leave these coun-
tries sufficient free exports to enable them to pay for the mini-
mum imports needed to keep their economies going. The communica-
tion also stated that the British had an important direct interest
in these free exports which might be expected to include commodi-
ties which the United Kingdom might wish to import. (Moscow 4492)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S FEW:MA
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
RA-436
Vatioan City
This telegram must be
closely paraphrased be-
Dated November 24, 1944
fore being communicated
to anyone.
(
Rec'd 9:43 a.m., 25th
Secretary of State
Washington
386, November 24, 6 p.m.
CONE
FOR THE PRESIDENT.
At an audience with His Holiness, the Pope, on
Wednesday we discussed two important subjects in
general terms: (one) the impending surrender of
Germany and (two) the situation of the present
Italian Government.
Regarding Germany the Pope assured me that no
approach by the Germans looking to end of the war
had been made. He declared that he himself has in-
dicated on suitable occasions that nothing but uncon-
ditional surrender would be considered by the Allies.
This in itself would preclude the suggestion by
Germany of any other terms. The folly of further
German resistance in the face of obvious and generally
recognized defeat, however, raises many questions
of procedure. Among the most vital of these problems
which need to be determined in advance of a parloy' be-
tween opposing military commanders is as to the
DECLASSIFIED
authority
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
-2- 386, November 24, 6 p.m. from Vatican City
authority of the German military participants to speak
for the German Armies and for the Government, if one
be in power at that moment, and if not then by
whom in behalf of the nation. It is quite possible
that an approach to define three procedures may be
made through Vatican channels. It occurred in 1918.
Regarding Italy there is much confusion in the
public mind regarding the permanency of the present
government. Crises have come and gone. The Communist
Liberal block seems to be pressing for greater repre-
sentation. I was informed that the block now demands
full control of Ministry of Interior. That would
give them a powerful foothold in domestic affairs
and procedures. It has not been conceded to them as
yet. It was intimated that Orlando would probably
undertake a more important ministerial role (refer
to my letter regarding interview with former Premier
Orlando July 1944). His present attitude seems to
be somewhat at variance with statements to me at
(date?)
that dozo.
The Pope quoted many people as saying that
Bonomi is not a strong man but an honest and able
one. I inquired who might be the strong man and he
made a
-3- 386, November 24, 6 p.m. from Vatican City
made a gesture signifying "No suggestion". I
suggested that they had just got rid of a "strong
man" and his response was "too strong".
There is a background of Allied military
authority with the appendage of Allied Commission and
the constant complaint that all national action is
delayed or prevented by restraints and the lack of
coordination among the numerous Allied bureaus. An
example: I am told the National Government of Italy
cannot spend more than $5,000 without AC approval.
You probably receive more advices on these features
through your usual political channels.
I shall be having another audience with the
Pope next Tuesday after which he goes into retreat
for one week.
I had presented to His Holiness Chairman
Culbertson of the Washington Inter-Departmental
Economic Commission. His associates will be given
a general audience tomorrow.
TAYLOR
WFS:NPL
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 26, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
BOLIVIA-CHILE
Armed members of the Bolivian army and the national
police illegally entered Chilean territory and took into
custody several Bolivian citizens. Bolivian Colonel,
Meliton Brito, was killed. Chilean Government has made
a formal protest to Bolivia. (Santiago 1833, 1834)
GUATEMALA
Peru has accorded recognition to the Government of
Guatemala. All American republics except Argentina and
El Salvador have now recognized Guatemala. (Guatemala 809)
PANAMA
Reports published in Panama state that the former
President, Arnulfo Arias, intends to return to Panama to
resume the presidency. (Panama 660)
EL SALVADOR
The Foreign Minister of Ecuador says he will not
recognize El Salvador until conditions become normal.
(Quito 1132)
FRANCE
de Gaulle and Bidault have gone to Moscow and
Jeanneney will assume the "presidency of the Government"
during the absence of de Gaulle. (Pris 663, 666)
ITALY
The Italian Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs
intends to resign. Sforza wants to become Foreign
Minister but has no support and probably will not be
sent to Washington or retained in the Cabinet. Dr. Gaspari,
Christian democrat, is expected to be made Foreign Minister.
(Vatican City 387, Copy to the President)
S:FED:MCW
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
fil
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 26, 1944
5:00 P.M.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
POLAND
The London Sunday papers play up the Polish cabinet crisis.
It is suggested that it was precipitated by & message brought
to London by Mr. Harriman, the United States Ambassador to
Moscow. The diplomatic correspondent of the Sunday Times
writes that Mr. Mikolajozyk was informed that the American
Government was unwilling to give any assurances concerning the
rectification of the Polish Western Frontier or to guarantee the
freedom, sovereignty and independence of Poland. (London 10434)
Schoenfeld was informed by Mikolajezyk that he had resigned
because he felt a Polish Soviet agreement was a necessity at
this time whereas the three major political parties other
than his own felt that the question of frontiers should be
left until the end of the war. Mikolajczyk referred to his
recent conversation with Harriman and said that he was
grateful for the President's willingness to intervene
with Stalin but felt he could not take advantage of it
since he could not secure his own government's support
for the general boundary settlement proposed by the Soviet
Government. He expressed deep appreciation of the under-
standing that had always been shown him from the American side
and asked that an expression of his appreciation and great
admiration be conveyed to the President. (Poles 125 copy to
the President)
ITALY
The resignation of the Italian Government has been
presented to the Lieutenant General of the Reaim. (Rome 800)
ARGENTINA
The Brazilian Embassy in Buenos Aires has reported to
Velloso that the apparent failure of Argentina's request for a
meeting of foreign ministers may result in the resignation of
Peluffo and a reshuffling of the cabinet with appointment of
persons known to be anti-American.
BRAZIL
The Brazilian press continues to feature the adverse
effects of the United States cotton subsidy program on
Brazil's economy, the good neighbor policy, etc. Velloso has
again expressed great concern. (Rio de Janeiro's 4208)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
The President
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
file
SECTIM
November 27, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Kirk reports that the Government resigned when the Christian
Democrats, Liberals and Labor Party refused to meet demands of
the Communists, Socialists and Action Party that Sforza be made
Foreign Minister and Tarchiani, War Minister. Sforza is con-
sidered the principal trouble-maker. Bonomi is expected to try
to form a new Government. Sforza is unacceptable to the British.
British favor Bonomi. (Rome 801, 802)
BOLIVIA-CHILE
Chilean Foreign Minister told Bowers that Bolivia has
violated Chilean territory and in the event of an armed conflict
Peru might be drawn in with Argentina. Fernandez hopes we will
advise Bolivia she has made a blunder. Chile is awaiting satis-
faction requested by its formal protest to Bolivia. (Santiago
1839, 1840)
GUATEMALA
Foreign Minister of Guatemala told our Embassy that efforts
are being made to draw Nicaragua into Salvadoran-Honduran
alliance. (Guatemala 808)
FRANCE
Maurice Schumann, considered anti-American, states in an
editorial that divergent views on France's future frontiers
emerged in Assemblee. Some members favor annexation of Saar
and Rhineland territories and others point out dangers of
annexing German territory. Schumann's words carry special
interest because of his close relation to de Gaulle and Bidault.
(Paris 679)
Pleven, Minister of Finance, was appointed Acting Foreign
Minister during Bidault's absence. (Paris 686)
RUMANIA
Foreign Minister wants to send Rumanian representatives
to Washington and London if they would be received. (Bucharest
24)
CANADA
Ottawa reports that an acute Cabinet crisis occurred over
conscription for overseas service. Our Embassy believes that
Mackenzie King will retain his position by a vote of confidence
on Monday, (Ottawa 60)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
3 FED:MCW
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
November 27, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
President
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 28, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Bonomi stated that demands of the Left Wing parties were
unacceptable and his Government was forced to resign. Left
Wing parties were displeased by his resignation. Sforza
believed trying to head the National Committee of Liberation
to obtain influence. British favor Orlando in government.
(Rome 810)
GREECE
Greek Ambassador in London has informed EAC that Greece
has claims to Southern Albania, parts of Bulgaria, Dodecanese
Islands, and parts of Axis navies and merchant marines.
(London 10447)
BOLIVIA-CHILE
Bolivian Foreign Minister states that Chilean demands
have been met and incident is now considered closed.
(La Paz 1952)
Brazilian Foreign Minister is worried about the Bolivian
situation and is watching developments. (Rio de Janeiro
4216)
ARGENTINA
Venezuela favors Argentine proposal. (Caracas 1118)
Uruguay does not intend to modify its policy toward
Argentine problem. (Montevideo 1118)
EL SALVADOR
Bolivia will await developments before according recogni-
tion to regime in Salvador. (La Paz 1947)
S:FED:MLM
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheuble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file
November 28, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHILE-BOLIVIA
In reply to the Chilean protest the Bolivian Foreign Minister
has given assurances and expressions of regret concerning the
frontier incident and a promise to return to Chile the Bolivians
seized on Chilean territory. (Santiago 1843)
U.S.S.R.
The British have addressed a note to the Soviet Foreign
Office expressing the hope that the Soviet Government will have
no objection to British proposal to enlarge the competency of the
United Nations War Crimes Commission in order to permit it to
deal with German war crimes in Italy. (Moscow 4524)
YUGOSLAVIA
AFHQ is informed that the situation in Yugoslavia is most
unsatisfactory from the point of view of British operations as
witnessed by recent instructions from Tito that & British force
on the Yugoslav mainland should withdraw to the vicinity of
Dubrovnik. In addition, members of a British patrol have been
put under arrest. (Caserta 1519)
FRANCE
Soviet Ambassador Bogomolov's relations with the French
Foreign Minister and other French officials, while correct, are
in no way cordial or friendly. It is believed that Bogomolov
maintains this attitude so that, should the Soviet Government
at some future time take 8. strong line with the French Provision-
al Government, Bogomolov could support such a policy without in
any way having to make a volte face. (Paris 698)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dopt. Letter, 1-11-72
S DF:MA
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
free
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
November 29, 1944
7:00 A.M.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
The Pope's views with regard to the future of Germany appear to
accord with Allied principles as they do not contemplate the complete sub-
jugation of the people nor the destruction of its peaceful economy. The
Pope. believes that as long as Himmler retains power over the German Army
and people he will personally continue to insist on fighting as he and his
party have nothing to gain by submission. (Vatican City 391 copy to the
President.)
PORTUGAL
Notes concerning Timor have been exchanged and the Santa Maria agree-
ment has been signed. (Lisbon's 4088)
RUMANIA
Dinu Bratianu, President of the National Liberal Party and Julius Maniu,
President of the National Peasant Party have decided to withdraw the support
of their parties from the Sanatescu Government. Bratianu expects to suggest
to the king that the present government be replaced by a government of tech-
nicians headed by General Radescuth, present chief of staff. (Caserta
Bucharest Series 35)
SOVIET-IRANIAN RELATIONS
A British Foreign Office official described the new Iranian Prime Min-
ister as colorless but as friendly to the Allies. Iranian newspapers con-
trolled by the Soviets are continuing their campaign about the oil con-
cessions but the new cabinet the Foreign Office believes, is not likely to
give in to the continued Russian pressure. (London's 10498)
JAPAN
Japanese Minister in Kabul regards the situation in northern Iran as
indicating complete lack of harmony by the Russian and Anglo Saxon Allies.
He also believes that in spite of Stalin's recent statements Soviets have no
intentions of attacking Japan principally because that would be helping
China with whom Soviet relations continue to be strained. Moreover it would
merely serve to support British-American imperialism. (Kabul 211)
CHINA
From Tihwa it is reported that the Sinkiang revolt is gaining increas-
ing popular support and appears to be taking on the character of a wide-
spread outbreak. (Chungking's 1916)
THE MEETING OF THE FOREIGN MINISTERS
The Bolivian Foreign Minister Indicated that with respect to the Argen-
tine question he regards it as of paramount importance that Bolivia baselits
policy upon that of Chile. (LaPaz 1956)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:RB
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file
November 29, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Representatives of the CNL, who were mostly ministers
without portfolio, have told Bonomi that in any new govern-
ment Sforza should be given the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
When Bonomi replied that this Rakak was impossible, owing
to British opposition, the representatives said that in
that case no ministry could be formed and that Bonomi should
make an announcement to that effect. (Rome 814)
YUGOSLAVIA
Tito has proposed the granting of a general amnesty
to persons now serving the Croat and Slovene home defense
units or with the Chetniks. He implies that the amnesty is
for the benefit of the rank and file and not for those
leaders active in the collaborationist forces. (Caserta 1535)
RUMANIA
It is reported that, although the Russians in Rumania
are very friendly to British members of the Allied Control
Commission on important matters, it has so far been impossible
to get definite statements from the Russians. It is believed
that the Russian policy toward the British in Rumania is to
block any moves which will help to reestablish the British
political and commercial position in that country. (Caserta 1529)
POLAND
Kwapinski has been unable to form a cabinet and Arci-
szewski, the Socialist leader and successor designate to the
Presidency, has been entrusted to the task.
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S DF:MA
By J. Schenble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY November 30, 1944
7:00 A.M.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
RUSSIA
The Soviet Government has approved DeGaulle's visit without any
particular show of enthusiasm. It is believed that Kremlin welcomes the
visit rather as a gesture of courtesy than as the occasion for any par-
ticularly fruitful discussions. If the Russians feel that DeGaulle's
position in France may prove to be too strong to be successfully assailed
and his collaboration too valuable to be forfeited they will be wary of
alienating him. However the inclusion of Palewski in his party will not
tend to increase the frankness with which he will be treated in Moscow.
(Moscow's 4527)
ITALY
Bonomi hopes to form a new government on a broader and even more justly
representative basis than ever before. He is distressed at Sforza's delay
in proceeding to the United States. Bonom1 indicated that Sforza probably
would not now go to the United States but that the matter was not yet
settled. (Rome 826)
POLAND
Arciszewski (Socialist) has formed a new Polish cabinet. It contains
no representative of the Peasant Party, includes few leaders of other
parties, and will probably prove little more than a stop-gap arrangement.
(Poles 128)
BELGIUM
Pierlot's statement in the Chamber concerning Saturday's events was
received with almost unanimous enthusiasm. Although further disturbances
may occur the possibility of a crisis appears more remote. (Brussels 135)
GERMANY
From an official Swedish source it is learned that Hitler is actually
in no physical condition to carry out his functions or even to be seriously
consulted but Himmler does not dare to displace Hitler as Fuehrer as long
as he is alive. Since the attack on Hitler's life in July he has in some
measure lost motor control and his mind shows signs of having been affected.
(Stockholm's 4892)
BOLIVIA
The Bolivian Minister for Foreign Affairs has stated that the Chilean
Government is attempting to revive the border incident having belatedly
taken exception to the Bolivian claim that Chilean forces authorized the
Bolivian troups to cross the frontier and even collaborated with them.
(LaPaz 1962)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-78
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:FEW:RB
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
THE SECRETARY
November 30, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
S PED:MA
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY December 1, 1944
7:00 A.M.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
In order to meet the desires of both the Left and Right elements
a decree has been drawn up for the inclusion in the new national army
of both the Mountain Brigade and an equally strong formation recruited
from ELAS. At the last moment the Communist Party refused to sign the
decree and demanded disbanding of the Mountain Brigade. The Communists
may leave the cabinet with serious possible consequences. (Athens 104)
ITALY
Although it was rumored that Ruini, one of the founders of the
Democracy of Labor Party was being considered as head of the next
Italian Government it is officially reported that Bonomi has been
charged with the formation of a new government. (Rome's 833 and 834)
RUMANIA
The Soviet authorities in Russia are foreibly sending away train-
loads of former residents of Bessarabia and Northern Bucovina. These
people are all unwilling to leave and several have committed suicide.
(Bucharest 39)
When General Schuyler arrived in Bucharest he found that the
Soviets were again removing property from the Romana Americana 011
Company. He requested that such removal be stopped and that the
property already removed be returned. This request was categorically
refused. (Moscow's 4552and Caserta's 1559)
The King has decided to have a new government, probably one of
technicians, formed. It is likely that the local Communists will
react violently and may even attempt a coup d'etat. (Bucharest 40)
PORTUGAL
The Brazilian Ambassador at Lisbon has reported to his government
that the Portuguese Government does not "desire" to give visas to
King Carol and his party. (Rio de Janeiro 4268)
IRAN
The Shah has informed the American Ambassador that Prime
Minister Bayat had given assurance that he would follow the policy
of Saed. The Shah indicated that he had encouraged Saed to resign
because he felt that Iranian policy would be reinforced if there were
a new government in power which had not negotiated with anyone on
petroleum and which would maintain the policy of no negotiation about
concessions until after the withdrawal of all foreign military forces
from Iran. (Tehran's 882)
S:FEW:RB
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
THE SECRETARY
December 1, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Myron Taylor reports on the distribution of American relief
supplies in Italy. (Vatican City 392, copy attached)
RUMANIA
Maniu outlined his views regarding the present political
crisis in Rumania. He deplored Soviet action and contends that
the Soviet authorities have disregarded the spirit and letter
of the armistice terms. (Bucharest 38)
FRANCE-SPAIN
The French Mission in Madrid plans to inform the Spanish
Government that it does not recognize the validity of the actions
taken by Spain in altering the international status of Tangier.
(Madrid 3901)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S FED:MA
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
ALH-211
PLAIN
Vaticon City
Dated November 30, 1944
Rec'd 3:33 o.m., December 1
Secretory of State
Washington
392, Thirtisth
FOR PRESIDENT, SECRETARY, HONORABLE JOSEPH DAVIES,
BASIL O'CONNOR, JUDGE MARCHISIO, WINTHROP ALDRITH
Referring to recent telegroms WE have succeeded
in having first shipment relief supplits which though
orriving off Naples WOS ordered diverted to Leghorn
for unloading now being discharged Noples. This is
first relief material actually arrived Itoly from
American relief for Italy. Two succesding ships are also
in harbor of Noples and in process of unloading. Wore-
housing at Naples and selection of supplits from various
shipments suitable for several provinces and communes
for which they are intended are now in process at
Noples by End of present week these supplies will bE-
gin to flow into provinces into a central worthouse in
interior at Lanciano which WE have orranged as 8 centrol
point of
-2- #392, thirtisth from Vatican City
point of distribution and from there within few days
thereofter distribution into several communes and
through them into hands of most needy will actually
take plact. Second section our report November 9th
will indicate the organization WE have guided national
committee in creating this machinery now goes into ac-
tion and is WE believe complete vehicle for Effective
and dependable distribution of relief to needy. These
shipments involve not only clothing but also milk,
vitamins and other medicines. WE have secured co-
operation of American REd Cross to Extent of furnish-
ing four trained women who will for time being ot
least reside in centers of most devostated oreas and
assist in work among women and children and guide
Italion Red Cross in those areas in USE of American
relief supplies. WE are also making use of four
American priests representing National Catholic WEl-
fore Conference recently orrived here to take up at
least temporary residence in most devosted communts
to assist local authorities in matters of distribution.
WE are pleased to recognize generosity of oll organiza-
tions on Itolian side namely Government, Votican and
Itelian REd Cross personnel and facilities in setting
up this
-3- #392, thirtisth from Vatican City
up this mechanism once flow of materiols begins through
channels indicated it becomes motter of repetition EX-
cept that remaining provinces and communts in need of
relief will have to bE organized along similar lines
and soon 08 materials are ovailoble flow into those
oreos will likewise take place. National Committee for
Distribution of Relief has olrendy justified itself and
with our assistence has been able to develop facilities
for transportation and distribution upon & wholly vol-
untary basis. Among other things WE have succeeded
finally in arranging for free inland tronsportation by
truck, in this WE have recently also benefitted by co-
operation and facilities of Allied Force Headquarters
and Allied Commission as well as agencies of army and
otherwise. Important that American relief for Italy
continue assemble quantities materiols and supplits as
great need already Exists end need will bE enlarged 08
armies move farther north and more territory is liber-
ated from Allied Military Government to Italian Govern-
ment. Shortage of materials in Allied Militory Govern-
mént is apparent from fact that one of their active
officers colled upon us this week to discover'if WE
could divert some of our materials and supplits to Allied
Military Government for distribution in forward areas
still under
-4- #392, thirtisth from Vatican City
still under their control; WE, of course, had none to
release for this purpose our problem being serious in
released areas. If the naval authorities would release
in some way Vatican supplits swoiting shipment since
January in Barcelona and shiploads of materials from
Argentine, it would relieve situation particularly in
Rome and Naples oreas in very moteriol way. First use
of, supplies provided by American relief for Italy are
not intended for large cities but for most destitute
people in devested areas larger cities have many other
ovenues to draw upon for their relief than have these
outlying districts where practically all shelter and
supplits have been destroyed. having for a number of
months been insistent upon cooperation in accomplishing
these objectives, WE now would like very much to in-
dicate that 8 measure of assistance and cooperation
is indicated. Remaining Effect and most vital one now
transfer itself to American. The quantity of materials
than can bE assembled through oll channels including
American Red Cross, American Relief for Italy, National
Catholic WElfore Conference and any other contributing
agencies should bE pressed to fullest Extent in order
that mechanism now Employed for distribution may some
day soon
-5- #392, thirtisth from Voticon City
day soon not find itself without materiols with which
to accomplish its objective. WE believe President
will never have occasion to regret support he has
lent to this humanitarion enterprise.
TAYLOR
WMB
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
December 2, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
SPAIN
An air agreement will be concluded with Spain today
through an exchange of notes at the Foreign Office in Madrid.
(Madrid 3903)
LONDON
Representatives of banks and firms having factories in
France are anxious to restore operation of branches and are
complaining bitterly because no transportation is available
under American auspices while British proceed to restablish
themselves. Embassy requests ATC be instructed to accept its
recommendations to provide travel facilities without other
authority. (London 10655)
RUMANIA
OSS reports that the head of the Russian Military Mission
to Anla has reached no conclusion yet regarding the merits of
the new Government of Rumania, indicating that the Russians
are not ready to give recognition. (Caserta 1575)
FRANCE
American interests have been taken back from the Swiss
as of December first in all of France except the Lyon district.
The Embassy and the Consulates in Marseille, Nice and Cherbourg
are officially open to the public. (Paris 747)
GERMANY
The Portuguese view is that Hitler still remains a strong
influence in Germany although the actual authority is now
divided. It is believed that those wishing to estimate the
degree of Hitler's influence would do well to watch von Ribbentrop
who is said to be maintained in office by Hitler against the
wishes of Himmler, Goering, Goebbels, et al. (Lisbon 4111)
ARGENTINA
The Uruguayan Foreign Minister has told the Argentine
Ambassador that the only solution for the Argentine situation
would be elections and establishment of a democratic regime;
that present Argentine rulers are not qualified to hold elec-
tions; and that men commanding confidence and respect would
first have to be brought into the Government. (Montevideo
1138)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S DF:MCW
DECEMBER 3, 1944
7:30 -
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
SPAIN
Frenco=Spanish relations have been complicated by the sending
of French gendarmes into Andorra and the subsequent action of the
Spanish Government in doing likewise. This latter action has been
protested by the French representative in Madrid, as the French claim
the exclusive right to police Andorra since the time of Louis XIV.
(Medrid 3900)
ITALY
Women's war-time organizations in Rome are planning a hunger
march throughout the city on December 16th unless their demands for
increased rations are previously not. (Rome 850)
GERMANY
A plan has been put forward for the use of Baltic refugens now
in Germany as intelligence agents. Many of these persons fled into
Gerenny because of anti-Soviet fears and the Russians would be
expected to oppose this plan. (Stockholm 4938)
HUNGARY
The Szalasy regime in Bungary is seeking to obtain Swedish
recognition through such crude efforts as threatoning to intensify
Jewish persecutions and frightening the Swedish Minister in Dudapost.
A Foreign Office spokesman describes these efforts as ridiculous and
says that Seeden will not recognise the regime. (Stooltholm 4936)
FRANCE
The American Congressional Committee now In France plans to
investigate the dollar-frano exchange rate which is very disadvantageous
to Americans. (Paris 763)
FRANCH WEST AFRICA
A mutiny in Taker has been suppressed, with approximately 00
casualties, by native troops lod by European officers. (Dakar 552)
SAUDI ARABIA
The Deputy Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia hints that the King
awaits United States success in removing the British objection to a
radio station and the Dhahren air drome as a test of American influence
and independent American policy in that area. (Jidds 358)
ARGENTINA
The Childen Foreign Maister believes that calling a meeting of
American Poreign Ministers to discuss postwar peace and oconomic
matters, without including Argentina, would topple over Peron and
Farrell within a month". (Santiago 1871)
BRAZIL
There is BOXO apprehension in Bresilian Covernment circles that
Brasil may not be selected for the Dumberton Oaks Security Council.
(Rio 4307)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
a DF:NCW
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
fill 4, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
The underlying reasons for the resignation of the
Bonomi Government were the realization that warfare in
Italy would continue and that consequently the Govern-
ment would have to take continued action for a consider-
able period, and the difference of opinion between the
parties represented in the Government as indicated in
internecine press attacks. (Rome 842)
It appears that the Christian Democrats will
openly support Bonomi, in which event, with the support
of three parties assured, Bonomi will name his new Gov-
ernment. (Rome 862)
FRANCE
The French Provisional Government is sending repre-
sentatives to Bucharest and Sofia who will act merely as
diplomatic observers. The Foreign Office denies that
diplomatic relations are being resumed or that the ap-
pointments have any political significance. (Paris 783)
RUMANIA
In response to the King's request for a government
of technicians in the event that a new political govern-
ment could not be formed, Generals Sanatescu and Nicolascu
have informed the King that a section of the army led by
themselves does not favor a government of technicians as
it would concentrate too much authority in the Crown and
subject the King personally to direct attack by the Left
parties. (Bucharest 44)
TURKEY
A "proposed declaration" concerning the liberation
of the Aegean and the opening of the Straits will be
presented to the Turkish Government and it is agreed
that the appropriate moment for the issuance of such a
statement would be the arrival of the first Allied ship
at the Straits. (Ankara 2297)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:dfb
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file
December 4, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
As contrasted to the tense political situation in certain liber-
ated countries, there has been à noticeable detente in the political
atmosphere in Paris during the past two wooks. There has been a
partial restoration of French self respect and there is 8. feeling
that the French Government is making some progress, and that France
is again beginning to play an active and important role in world
affairs. Psychologically, the fact that the French Army was the
first to reach the Rhine has been important. The position of the
Communist Party in France appears to have been weakened by the con-
duct of the Communists in Belgium. The Government's position has
been strengthened internally and there is an optimistic feeling
that, in the absence of unforeseen developments, the Provisional
Government will be able to find solutions for the economic, social
and political problems facing it. (Paris 784)
BULGARIA
1. The Government of the Fatherland Front continues a prisoner
of the Bulgarian Communists, the only well organized political group
in the country.
2. The revolution of September, the about face of Bulgarian
policy and occupation of the country by the Russians have demoralized
the Army. There is no enthusissm for the decision of the Government
to send a new expeditionary force of five divisions to pursue the
Germans.
3. The Agrarian Party, which all agree represents the bulk of
the electorate, is bitter against the Government. The Agrarians
and other bourgeois elements entertain 6. very natural doubt as to
Russia's ultimate aims in Bulgaria.
4. Russian popularity 1a said to have decreased rapidly since
the initial stages of the occupation. (Bucharest, December 1, mid-
night)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S FEW:MA
Department of State
file
THE SECRETARY
December 5, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
LONDON
Although the United States had planned to provide only a
small contingent for the occupation of Vienna, which plan had
been accepted by the Russians, the latter now strongly urge us
to accept a zone of occupation in Austria. The British have
likewise reiterated the view that Allied occupation and control
of Austria would operate more effectively if we took an equal
share in it. (London 10732)
ITALY
Bonomi has published a letter in the local press inviting
representatives of the three largest parties to participate in
forming a government. He suggests that two of them divide gov-
ernment responsibility with him by becoming Vice Presidents of
the Council of Ministers. (Rome 878)
In a published reply to Bonomi's appeal for participation
in a new government, Togliatti says the Communists will parti-
cipate but will not change their accord with the Socialists.
Nenni's reply is ambiguous but is interpreted as declining
Bonomi's invitation. (Rome 879)
Following the arrival of party leaders from Southern Italy,
the Christian Democrats are continuing their discussions as to
whether their support should be given Bonomi to form a three
party government. (Rome 870)
It is reported that an order for the arrest of Badoglio
has been issued by the High Commissioner for Epuration.
(Rome 877)
YUGOSLAVIA
The OSS reports that despite the amnesty arrests continue
in Belgrade with interrogations and trials carried out with
such haste that some are punished for trivialities and some
ardent collaborationists are getting off acot-free. Prominent
adherents of Mihailovich are not benefiting by the amnesty.
(Caserta 1583)
POLAND
Appeals addressed by various groups in Poland to the
National Committee of Liberation to assume the Provisional
Government of Poland are evidence that this step has already
been decided upon and may be expected in the near future. The
proposed Provisional Government would be similar in form to
that of France. (Moscow 4624)
URUGUAY
Uruguayan Foreign Minister will propose that other American
Republics convey to Bolivian Government an expression of regret
caused by recent executions. (Montevideo 1146)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
SiDFidfb
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 5, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
RUSSIA
Marshal Stalin at his first meeting with General de
Gaulle proposed the conclusion of a military alliance for
mutual protection against possible future German aggres-
sion. General de Gaulle indicated his general assent and
the French subsequently submitted a preliminary draft.
According to Bidault the agreement 1s to be along the
general lines of the British treaty but would not be
exactly the same and it would, of course, be within the
framework of the international security organization.
(Mossow 4657)
JAPAN
The Turkish Foreign Office has received word from
the Turkish Ambassador in Tokyo that the American air
raids on Tokyo have caused great damage in the city, the
incendiary bombs having been particularly effective.
(Ankara 2299)
GREECE
The present disturbances in Greece have caused
considerable disappointment in the British Foreign Office.
It is hoped that the Greeks may compose their difficul-
ties but there are sinister rumors that EAM forces are
concentrating outside Athens and that small bands are
filtering into the city. The provisioning of Greece had
been making encouraging progress but has been interrupted
by the general strike which ended the unloading of food-
stuffs. (London 10701)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FEW:ARK
President
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
COVADA
THE SECRETARY
December 6, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
file
ARGENTINA
The Chilean Foreign Office accepts our memorandum for con-
sidering the Argentine case but points out a manifest contradiction
in the memorandum which would permit Argentina to attend the meeting
and therefore the agenda adopted in the conference would have no
effect. (Santiago 1881, 1888)
Uruguayan proposal suggests that meeting should consider Argen-
tine question before the meeting of Foreign Ministers and will sup-
port its position at the Pan American Union. (Santiago 1887)
Peron was disillusioned because of the poor attendance at
labor celebration and be is expected to intensify his efforts to
placate other sectors of Argentine society and work toward agreement
with the democratic majority in the country. (Buenos Aires 2920)
CHILE
Fernandez again rejected Britain's proposal to send a navel
mission to work with the Chilean Navy, The Foreign Minister stated
he would approve a United States naval mission and favors collabora-
tion with us, A large naval base in the Straits of Magellan could
be made available for our use, (Santiago 1889)
ECUADOR
Velasco Ibarra's popularity is waning and the political situa-
tion is becoming increasingly disturbed, Drastic and violent out-
bursts of A revolutionary nature are expected in the near future.
The position of the Army is uncertain. (Quito 1158)
GREECE
A general strike is in effect in Greece. British Ambassador
favors Papandreou's removal as head of government and wants a new
political government set up quickly. Sophoulis is trying to form
a new government. (Athens 125)
ITALY
British Government considers present agreement by which Cabinet
appointments in Italy are submitted for approval to the AC should
remain in effect and does not approve granting Italy permission to
appoint all officials not connected with the war effort. (Rome 888)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S;FED;MLM
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 6, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATIGAN CITY
The first four shipments of American relief have arrived
in Italy and their cargoes are being discharged. This first
actual demonstration has impressed the public generally with
the generosity of America and heartened the people to believe
that they have such a good friend in the President. (Vatican
City 396, copy to the President)
CHINA
The Japanese are approaching Kweiyang. After its capture
it is believed that the Japanese will proceed against Kunming
although in a direct line Kweiyang 1s closer to Chungking
than 1s Kunming. It has been decided to begin as quietly as
possible to evacuate non-essential civilian Americans from
Chungking to Hydia. (Chungking 1951)
ITALY
Bonomi is expected to gain the support of the Communist
Party today in which case he will form a four-party govern-
ment with three ministries allocated to each party. (Rome 899)
GREECE
Churchill has sent a message to General Scobie in Athens
informing the latter that he would hold Scobie responsible
for maintaining order in Athens and for neutralizing or destroy-
ing all EAM and ELAS groups who come near the capital.
Churchill added that Scobie should not hesitate to fire at any
armed male in Athens who assailed British authority or Greek
authority with which British are working. Churchill promised
Scobie to support him on all action taken and commented that
it would be a great thing if Scobie could succeed without
bloodshed but that he should not hesitate to go through with
bloodshed if necessary. (Caserta 1805)
BULGARIA
Members of the British mission in Bulgaria have been
informed that they may move about freely only in & small area
in inner Sofia. General Oxley believes this 1s part of a
scheme to belittle both British and Americans in the eyes of
Bulgarians. (Caserta 1604)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date
MAR
8
1972
S:FEW:ARK
President
DEPARTMENT THE SECRETARY OF STATE filex December 7,
1944
7 s.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
EUROPEAN ADVISORY COMMISSION
Our Embassy in London has been notified that the
British Government approves the agreement and covering
report on control machinery in Germany and the protocol
on zones of occupation in Germany with the amendments
as submitted by the EAC to the three Governments.
(London 10752)
YUGOSLAVIA
Subasie has returned to Belgrade and is apparently
well satisfied with the results of his visit to Moscow.
(Caserta 1614)
IRAN
Ambassador Harriman's visit to Tehran has had a
very good effect and will sorve to strengthen our rela-
tions with the Persian Government. (Tehran 105)
TURKEY
The Turkish Government is requesting an agrement for
Huseyin Ragip Baydur as Ambassador to Washington.
(Ankara 2316)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S;FED;MLM
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
December 7, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
BULGARIA
Bulgarian propaganda in favor of an autonomous Macedonia
continues. A member of the Bulgarian Cabinet states that a
second point in the Fatherland frong program is the Union of
Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, or alternatively, a Balkan Federation
including Macedonia as an equal partner. (Caserta 1625)
SWEDEN
The Foreign Office urges that secrecy be maintained regard-
ing the use of "coercive language" with the German Government to
prevent the Germans from destroying the Kaivik railway. If this
became known, it is felt that the Germans would feel bound for
reasons of prestige to destroy the railway. (Stockholm 5000)
SWITZERLAND
The Swise profess ignorance of the underlying motives of
the Russian press and radio attacks against Switzerland. Their
defense 1s generally restricted to speculation on the nature of
the causes which may have given offense to Russia and to re-
peated references to Swiss neutrality since the beginning of
the war. (Bern 7977)
ADD BULGARIA
The Chief of the Bulgarian General Staff alleges that
some four thousand Bulgarian soldiers captured by the Germans
have been taken by the Greeks. Bulgarian authorities have
requested their return. (Caserta 1620)
8 DF:MA
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
December 8, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Kirk reports that Bonomi succeeded in forming a new Govern-
ment of four parties, including the Communists and the Socialists.
(Rome 902, 904, 905, 911)
British press in commenting on American policy of non-
interference toward Italy compares it with our policy toward
Argentina. (London 10805)
GREECE
British press gives strong support to the British Government's
position in Greece. (London 10807)
CHINA
Well-informed Chinese circles believe that Soong's appoint-
ment ns Acting President of Executive Yuan is a prelude to the
Generalissimo going to the front in an effort to bolster Chinese
forces with his presence, leaving Soong in nominal control of
the Government. It seems doubtful Soong will be given much actual
authority. (Chungking 1970)
Our Consul at Tihwa reports the insurgents have captured the
Iwing airfield and the Chinese situation there now is very grave.
(Chungking 1971)
BELGIUM
The Pierlot Government is facing new problems. The taxation
program appears to be meeting serious opposition from the
Conservatives. Socialists are demanding larger representation
in the Cabinet in order to reestablish the balance between the
right and left wings. (Brussels December 6, 7 p.m.)
POLAND
Eden announced the House of Commons will debate the Polish
situation on December 15. (London 10854)
SALVADOR
Government is apprehensive of reports which indicate that an
uprising may ocqur soon in an effort to overthrow Aguirre.
(San Salvador 397, 399)
State DECLASSIFIED Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
S:FED:MOW
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 8, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
President
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file December 9, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
AUSTRIA
Mr. Winant urgently recommends that U.S. Government modify its
decision concerning the number and location of American troops in
Austria as he believes that the stationing of a small token force in
one of the three areas of Vienna without taking over a zone elsewhere
in Austria would not be sufficient to establish tripartite control
in that country. (London 10864--copy to the President)
MOSCOW
In his conversations with Stalin, de Gaulle indicated that he
had no objection to the Soviet proposal to give Poland German terri-
tory to the Oder provided settlement was made simultaneously as to
Germany's western boundary. De Gaulle hopes to obtain Stalin's ap-
proval of the Rhine as Germany's western frontier. The possibility
of having de Gaulle send a representative to the Lublin Committee was
also discussed. (Moscow 4700--copy to the President)
FRANCE
De Caulle is expected to return to Paris on December 12 or 13.
(Paris 834)
SAN SALVADOR
Desultory shooting occurred in San Salvador December 8. The
opposition was reported to be planning a real uprising with correlated
movements both in the eastern and western departments. (San Salvador
400)
PANAMA
The President of Panama in his conversations with Senator Pepper
emphasized the fact that the use of an airport in the Canal Zone
would not be acceptable in normal times and that Panama desires to
complete its own airport, The President also pointed out that the
working of the Joint Aviation Board established in 1929 is not satis-
factory to Penama. (Panama 692)
TEAILAND
The brother of the Regent of Thailand has sent a message from
Stockholm to the Minister of Thailand in Washington stating that
the Regent desires the Minister in Washington to organize an
independent free government in the United States with himself at the
head, (Stockholm 5040)
PORTUGAL
Shortly after the conclusion of the Santa Maria and Timor agree-
ments with the U.S., Salazar is reported to have obtained from the
Japanese Minister an assurance of Japan's evacuation of Timor when
that becomes physically possible, DECLASSIFIED (Liabon 4169)
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FEW:MLM
By J. Schemble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 9, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
S:DF:ARK
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file a.m.
December 10, 1944
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
Negotiations were in progress on December 8 among the Greek
politicians for a reconstitution of the government but British
Ambassador received instructions from London to the effect that
there should be no political change at this time. (Athens unnumbered,
dated December 8)
ANGLO-AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICIES
The press in Panama is giving prominence to "differences between
the United States and Great Britain regarding liberty of political
action in European countries". (Panama 695)
Swedish editorials feature reports concerning declaration made
by the American Secretary of State and Greek and Belgian developments
with headlines indicating Anglo-American differences. (Stockholm
5003)
ITALY
After seeing Sir Noel Charles on December 6 Badoglio remained in
the British Embassy over night because of the danger of his imminent
arrest. Arrangements have been made for him to remain in a place
of safety until he enters the Vatican where he was expected to go
on December 9 or 10. (Rome 916)
RUSSIA
The British Chargé d'Affaires at Moscow has been instructed
to refute the arguments of the Soviet Government that the equipment
taken by the Russians from the oil companies in Rumania is to be
regarded as booty under either international law or the terms of
the Rumanian armistice agreement. (London 10911)
EL SALVADOR
Calm has been restored in San Salvador and the Aguirre regime
is apparently in complete control. (San Salvador 402)
A meeting of the diplomatic corps was called to arrange for
a collective protest because of the forced entry made into the
French Legation. (San Salvador 401)
CHINA
Recent reports indicate that the Chinese have retaken forward
positions in the areas near Machiang and Pingchoy. These Chinese
counter successes do not necessarily represent reversal of military
picture but tension has been temporarily eased. (Chungking 1987)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
8:FEW:MLM
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file December 10, 1944
SECRET
4:30 p.m.
Nothing of interest to report.
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date
MAR
8
1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file December 11, 1944
6 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
POLAND
The Russians are exerting pressure upon de Gaulle to send a
delegate to Lublin. (Moscow 4735--copy to the President)
GREECE
MacVeagh believes that continued civil war and detriment to the
interests of the United Nations might still be avoided if after
restoration of order in Athens the British could and would announce
the formation of an international commission composed of British,
Russian and American representatives to oversee the holding of a
plebiscite on the regime and guarantee impartial settlement of other
critical problems. (Athens 132)
The Greek Government paper HELLAS dropped a handbill from the
air over Athens Dec.9 containing a statement that the American Secre-
tary of State had made an official statement to the effect that the
American Government agrees completely with the policy being followed
by the British in Greece. (Athens 133)
ITALY
Churchill has informed Sir Noel Charles that he must be
responsible for Badoglio's safety. The latter is now with some
British unit and & suggestion has been made that he be flown to Malta.
(Rome 929)
The Communists and Christian Democrats are in a position to
dominate policy in the new government. (Rome 932)
YUGOSLAVIA
In Brigadier MacLean's recent conversation with Tito the following
subjects were discussed: the restriction of the movement of British
troops; the military activities of the Partisans against the Germans;
the objection of the British Government to Partisan attacks on the
Greek Government; Partisan misdemeanors in Italy; question of
recognition and formation of Government with Tito as Prime Minister
and Subasio as Minister for Foreign Affairs; establishment of an
Allied air base; a naval agreement; alienation of British and American
opinion by bad press and propaganda; desperate food situation on the
Dalmatian coast. (Caserta 1650, 1652, 1651, 1644, 1656, 1657, 1658,
1655)
Stalin criticized the draft Tito-Subasio agreement as foggy but.
had indicated willingness to recognize a united government.
(Caserta 1659)
RUMANIA
Maniu has inquired whether it is the intention of Great Britain
and the United States to abandon Rumania and if they wish Rumania to
become a part of the Soviet Union. (Bucharest 52)
GUATEMALA
Elections for President and Vice President are to be held on
December 17, 18 and 19. (Guatemala City 841)
S:FEW:MLM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
THE SECRETARY
December 11, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
Kirk submits the text of a statement which Sforza proposes
to issue to the press saying in effect that he is reluctantly
obliged to make the statement in order to show that each word
Churchill spoke against him was contrary to the truth. Sforza
believes that he correctly interprets public opinion in Italy and
expresses his gratitude for the American position in favor of
Italian dignity and independence. (Rome 936 and 937)
MacMillan's visit to the United States has been postponed.
He is on his way to Greece. (London 10966)
GREECE
MacVeagh reports that the food situation in Athens 1s becom-
ing acute and the people are beginning to suffer from hunger.
Arrangements are being made to distribute bread to the public and
all hospitals are to receive a three-day supply of food and
medicines. Although ELAS controls most of the other districts,
limited distributions are taking place in an orderly manner.
Should the commanding officers decide that all distribution must
stop, the matter will be referred to Washington and London for
a decision. (Athens 131)
YUGOSLAVIA
A report from Kirk indicates that Churchill's message, which
MacLean handed to Tito, was strongly worded and almost threaten-
ing. Churchill protested against unsatisfactory and rude attitude
of Tito and the Partisans toward the British. The British Prime
Minister wants to have the question of monarchy decided by the
Yugoslav people in accordance with normal democratic procedure.
Churchill's enthusiasm for Tito seems to have diminished and he
appears somewhat disappointed by Tito's recent actions.
(Caserta 1668)
SPAIN
The Spanish Government 18 agreeable to the appointment of
Ambassador Armour. (Madrid 3990)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-1MAR
o
1972
By J. Schauble Date
S:FED:ARK
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
DSH-1367
Moscow via Army
This telegram must bE
clostly paraphrased be-
Dated December 11, 1944
fore being communicated
to anyone.
Rec'd 9:28 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
PRIORITY
4777, December 11, 10 p.m.
FOR THE PRESIDENT :.IID THE SECRETARY.
The Franch Minister called on TIE this afternoon
to tell me of the curious developments that led up
to the final signing of the Franch-Soviet Pact.
Within the first few days after de Gaulle's
arrival agreement had been reached on the principle
of the pact and its provisions. Stalin and Molotov
insisted, however, that as a condition, the French
should support the Soviets in their Polish policy
by sending a diplomatic representative to the
Lublin Committee, although they did not insist on
the breaking off of France's relationship with
the London Government. General de Gaulle declined,
Explaining that he was fully ready to support the
Soviet VIEW that any Polish Government must bE firm
in its policy
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date
MAR 8 1972
-2-, #4777, DECEMBER 11, 10 p.m., from Moscow VID Any.
in its policy of friendship with the Soviet Union,
but that Poland must be independent and he did not
have sufficient information to justify him in the
acceptance of the committee as the Government of
Poland.
The negotiations WERE further interrupted by
Mr. Churchill's suggestion of a Triportite Pact,
which General de Gaulle declined to consider at
this time taking the position that it was premature,
that there were a number of questions which had not
yet been worked out between the British and French
Governments to justify such a for-reaching agreement.
HE indicated, however, that at some later date hE
would bE entirely willing to consider n Tripartite
Pact.
The question of the bilateral agreement was
not raised again until de Goulle's last night in
Moscow at the Kramlin dinner. Molotov then again
attempted to persuade Bidaux that the French should
send a diplomatic representative to Lublin, in which
EVENT the bilateral pact could bE signed. Both
Bidaux and de Gaulle again declined and de Gaulle
left the Kremlin. Bidnux remained for several
hours of
-3-, #4777, December 11, 10 pama, from Moscow via Army.
hours of discussion with Holotov, Stalin in the
meantime was continuing to Entertain his other
guests in another room, thus anabling the discus-
sion to bE prolonged.
The upshot of it all appears to have been that
General de Goulle was subsequently recalled to the
Kramlin and the pact was signed at half past six
in the morning. Just before the pact was signed Stalin
made another appeal to de Gaulle to give Franch support
to the Lublin Committee, strassing the necessity of
having a Poland completely friendly to the Soviet
Union in order to avoid the future threat of Germany.
Stalin contended that France as C. continental country
should understand this requirement more clearly than
Great Britain or the United States who were further
removed. DE Gaulle maintained his position and with-
out further ado the pact was signed.
The French Minister told me that before de Gaulle
had arrived in Moscow it had been agreed by the French
to send an officer of the rank of major to Lublin to
look after the problems of French prisoners of war and
Evaders and also to report informally on what was
going on in liberated Poland. This officer would not
have diplomatic
-4-, #4777, December 11, 10 p.m., from Moscow via Army.
have diplomatic status. The French Government had
also agreed to receive a similar agent in Paris.
The Franch Minister further informed me that
Stalin had told de Gaulle hE favored the western
Polish boundary to include the line of the Oder
and NEISSE rivers to Czechoslovakin. This would
include the city of Gorlitz. Stalin had not, however,
made any commitment to de Gaulle regarding the western
boundary of Germany although he racognized that the
Rhine was a natural frontier.
HARRIMAN
RB
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
December 12, 1944
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
DE GAULLE'S VISIT TO MOSCOW
Stalin and Molotov tried to impose as & condition of concluding
the Franco-Soviet Pact that the French should support the Soviets in
their Polish policy by sending a diplomatic representative to the Lublin
Committee, but de Gaulle resisted the pressure. De Gaulle was told by
Stalin that he favored the western Polish boundary to include the line
of the Oder and Neisse rivers to Czechoslovakia. Stalin did not make
any commitment concerning the western boundary of Germany although he
recognized that the Rhine was a natural frontier. (Moscow 4777--copy
to the President)
GREECE
Before his departure December 11 for Athens MacMillan stated that
Churchill had requested him to try to put an end to the fighting by some
sort of compromise and had given him broad authority to make some sort
of a deal. (Caserta 1699)
Tactical situation in Athens remains essentially unchanged but anti-
British feeling seems to be spreading as a result of numerous civilian
casualties. The British have little hope of securing an early decision
with their present forces and the British Ambassador told MacVeagh
December 10 that more reinforcements were coming. (Athens 138)
ITALY
MacMillan intends to go to Rome soon after he returns to Italy from
Greece in order to take hold of the Italian situation. (Caserta 1700)
The Bonomi Cabinet is expected to take the oath of office Tuesday
at 4 p.m. (Rome 946)
YUGOSLAVIA
Kirk suggests that we might well reexamine and clarify our position
in respect to Yugoslavia in view of the ever mounting evidence that the
present ruling group means to make use of every opportunity to enhance
the prestige of the Soviet Union while seeking to discredit the western
allies. We would be 111 advised to press our military or economic aid
upon a government which at best shows many symptoms of having been
unduly flattered and which may not with any certainty be counted among
our friends. (Caserta 1696)
Subasic regards his visit to Moscow as a most difficult experience.
He is returning to London unwillingly and is fully conscious of his
"failure" which he hinted he was inclined to blame partially on us and
the British. (Caserta 1666)
Food crisis in Dalmatia is becoming worse and there is said to be some
anti-Allied feeling as the result of non-arrival of supplies. On the
other hand reports from Belgrade indicate that partisans there are
distributing Russian relief supplies effectively. (Caserta 1680)
ITALIAN AMBASSADOR TO UNITED STATES
Sforza will decide within a few days whether he will go to
Washington as Ambassador. (Rome 945)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FEW:MLM
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file December 12, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
Savage battles continue. Forces under Scobie's command
insufficient for defense of Athens and surrounding territory.
ELAS being reenforced with well-equipped troops from outside
city. ELAS command reportedly assumed by one Ares, an un-
scrupulous and sadistic guerrilla leader. Alexander and Mac-
Millan arrived today. (Athens 140)
YUGOSLAVIA
Subasic informed Winant that he had signed three supple-
mentary agreements with Tito, which he hopes Churchill and King
Peter will approve this week. According to Subasic, the King
has agreed to all proposals except Regency Council, a device
through which Subasic obtained Tito's grudging recognition of
monarchy. Realizing Peter's bitter opposition to Regency,
Subasic fears agreements may come to nothing and adda that
"everything depends upon Churchill" in gaining King's agreement.
Subasic states that he informed King his immediate return to
Yugoslavia would mean civil war. (London 8 - Yugos.)
IRAN
Harriman reports cooperation between American and British
representatives in Iran are working 8.8 well-knit team with the
British, and that Soviets are being kept currently informed
despite their failure to cooperate. He adds, however, that
Dr. Millspaugh, despite fact that he has worked earnestly and
aggressively, is proving a difficulty.
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S RBM:MA
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 13, 1944
7:30 a.m.
Nothing of interest to report.
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
files December 13, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
MOSCOW
When Mr. Harriman saw the Shah of Iran the latter stated
he believed the Soviets would continue to attempt to stimu-
late agitation in the north against him and his government.
In the course of a conversation between Mr. Harriman and
Maximov in Tehran the latter made it very plain that he
intended to take aggressive measures to attain the Soviet
objectives, which appeared to be much more farreaching
than simply the oil and mineral concession and to include
upsetting the government, which he characterized as repre-
senting only five percent of the Iranian population.
(Mosoow 4771)
PORTUGAL
The British Embassy in Lisbon has received instructions
from London to disclaim firmly any commitment, moral or
otherwise, as regards the purchase of wolfram stocks now
held by the Metals Commission. London thus leaves the British
Ambassador on his own to extricate himself from the alleged
moral commitment which he made to Salazar prior to the
implementation of the wolfram embargo. (Lisbon 4199)
BULGARIA
Major General Oxley (the British representative on the
Control Commission in Sofia) feels that London's views with
respect to British policy in Bulgaria have undergone
considerable change since he left London, which was before
the visit of Mr. Churchill and Mr. Eden to Moscow. (Sofia 15)
IRELAND
The Irish reply concerning Axis stolen property appears
in the main satisfactory, probably because of the Depart-
ment's stiff expression of dissatisfaction with the war
criminals answer and the reaction of the American press to
the text. (Dublin 218)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FEW:ARK
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
THE SECRETARY
December 14, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN
Ambassador Taylor reports that the Communist movement in
Italy is growing in strength as it has in Greece, which is a
test ground, and that arms and munitions are being brought
into Italy from Yugoslavia in support of the Communists.
(Vatican City 400)
CHINA
The American Protestant missionaries in Chungking on their
own initiative have formed a committee to consider what action
they should take. They have expressed a willingness to cooper-
ate with the American and British authorities. They have
decided that some 50 American missionaries there are non-
essential and should quietly withdraw from China. (Chungking
2012)
EGYPT
The Cabinet crisis which has developed between the Prime
Minister and the Finance Minister 1s regarded as the most
serious of the several minor crises that the coalition govern-
ment has weathered in its two months in office and may be the
precursor of a Cabinet shake-up in the immediate future.
(Cairo 3733)
YUGOSLAVIA
MacLean has informed Churchill that the best chance the
British have for consolidating their position in Yugoslavia
is by trying to help Tito to build up an air force and that
this should be done immediately. (Caserta 1725)
EL SALVADOR
The Salvadoran Foreign Office has taken cognizance of the
fact that "an invasion force" has entered Salvador from Guatemala
and it is claimed that automatic arms have been furnished by
the Guatemalan Government, or with its consent. (San Salvador
405)
The possibility of El Salvador declaring war on Guatemala,
though remote, should not be entirely discounted. (San Salvador
406)
CHILE
A strike of railway workers has broken out in Chile. As the
railways are government-owned it is expected that the Govern-
ment will take energetic action to have the strike terminated
as rapidly as possible. (Santiago 1916)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:DF:MCW
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Schauble Date
MAR 8 1972
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
felsa
December 14, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
AMERICAN RELIEF FOR ITALY
Between shipment at New York and delivery outside docks at
Naples 4% of materials of first three shipments of relief supplies
for Italy have disappeared. Mr. Taylor reports that as high as 20%
and an average of over 10% of all Army food and clothing has like-
wise disappeared at that port. As the docks are entirely under
military control it 18 to be feared that unpleasant publicity dero-
gatory to our Army and Navy may eventually develop. American Army
food 18 currently sold in the black market in Naples and Rome.
(Vatican city 405, copy attached)
ITALY
Count Sforza asked the advice of Mr. Taylor regarding his
acceptance of the appointment as Ambassador to the U.S. Mr. Taylor
replied that Sforza's acceptance was entirely a question which he
would have to decide for himself. During the last fortnight the
Lt. General of the Realm, the Foreign Secretary, the Duke of Aosta
and others have called on Mr. Taylor at his home to explain Italian
problems. He has gained the impression from several sources,
including the Pope, that the Crown Prince has shown an intelligent
grasp of his duties and responsibilities, and good judgment.
Principal preocoupation of the Pope is the spread of Communism in
Europe and Italy. Sforza scouts the danger of eventual Communist
control of Italy but believes that the hunger of the masses might
cause trouble. (Vatican City 402, copy attached)
Several serious demonstrations against military census and
calling up of certain classes have occurred in various parts of
Sicily. Demonstrations have likewise occurred because of the
order to confiscate a portion of the grain originally allotted for
the personal use of producers. (Naples 104)
FRANCE
de Gaulle and Bidault are expected in Paris December 14.
(Paris 884)
GREECE
MacMillan has received instructions from Churchill to remain
in Athens to work out a solution of the Greek problem. Papandreou
18 through and Churchill now wishes MacMillan to devote his efforts
to making Demaskenos, Archbishop of Athens, prime minister. Field
Marshal Alexander is considering the possibility of a compromise
settlement in Greece based on some face-saving proposal.
(Caserta 1740)
GUATEMALA
Guatemala has replied to the Salvadoran Government stating
that Guatemala had no participation in the arming of persons who
recently invaded El Salvador, knows nothing of them, and that its
permission was not asked.
(Guatemala 848)
S:FEW:ARK
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file December 15, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
EL SALVADOR
Salvadoran police have broken into the Peruvian Legation
chancery in San Salvador and foreibly removed 14 political
refugees under asylum there. The Foreign Minister has since
notified the Dean of the diplomatic corps that these persons
would be returned to him for delivery to the Peruvian Legation.
(San Salvador 406, 408)
YUGOSLAVIA
Churchill has advised King Peter to sign the regency agree-
ment, which he says at least recognizes the monarchy and probably
offers the best chance of maintaining it. (London-Yugos 9)
RUMANIA
The Rumanian Foreign Office 1s interested in securing
representation in United Nations capitals. In view of the fact
that Bulgaria is sending a diplomatic representative to Moscow
it is felt that Rumania is not receiving equal treatment.
(Bucharest 55)
British representatives in Bucharest report that the forma-
tion of the new Rumanian Government was a triumph by the
conservative forces of the country and that therefore the
danger of the Soviets communizing Rumania is now past. (Bucharest
58)
GREECE
Churchill, without further consulting the War Cabinet, has
authorized General Alexander to proceed immediately with the
appointment of the Archbishop of Athens as Prime Minister of
Greece. Eden will propose to King George of Greece that the
Archbishop be named Regent. (Caserta 1750)
SWEDEN
Sweden will terminate all trade with Germany on January
first. (London 11089)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:MCW
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
flez December 15, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
At a meeting called by Stone and attended by the AC Vice Presi-
dents, the Russian and Franch officers of AO and representative
G-5 AFHQ, it was unanimously decided that the recommendation that
the basis for feeding the Italian population be a bread ration of
300 grams cannot be receded from by AC as that ration constitutes
the minimum for preventing disease and unrest and was recommended
as such by the President to the War Department. In Italy the Presi-
dent's recommendation is looked upon as a promise. It was suggested
that neutral and even Italian war ships be used for transporting the
required food. The urgent necessity of establishing parity through-
out liberated Italy was also stressed. AFHQ has likewise received
a message from Fifth Army headquarters indicating that virtually no
improvement has occurred in the Fifth Army area with regard to the
civilian food situation, the daily bread ration being still 200
grams, which is supplemented by a monthly ration of flour for
spaghetti of 600 grams or the equivalent thereof. This quantity of
food is inadequate and militarily serious unrest 18 likely to be
caused by the continued failure to provide sufficient food.
(Rome 967, copy attached)
RUSSIA
Mr. Harriman has delivered to Stalin the President's message
regarding the voting procedure for the World Security Organization.
Stalin stated that he would have to have the matter analyzed
before expressing his opinion. (Moscow 4834)
SWEDEN
The Swedish Government has been asked by the Germans to open
negotiation for a new trade agreement and the Germans wish to send
a trade delegation to Stockholm for that purpose. Although the
Swedish government has given a discouraging reply the German delega-
tion may nevertheless arrive since the Germans have made it clear
that unless direct trade between Sweden and Germany 1s allowed to
continue the Goteborg trade will be stopped January 1. (Stockholm
5112)
GREAT BRITAIN
In reply to a question inquiring whether the Dominion Govern-
ments had been consulted at each stage in the action taken in
Greece, Mr. Churchill replied in the negative but stated that they
had, however, been closely and continuously informed. (London 11102)
Sharp criticism of UNRRA was voiced in the House of Lords
yesterday on the ground that it had been created on 80 vast a scale
that it had been paralyzed by its own weight. (London 11109)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FEW:ARK
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Schauble Date
MAR 8 1972
THE SECRETARY
files December 16, 1944
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
7:30 a.m.
GREECE
King George of Greece has replied from London he must have the
advice of his Ministers before agreeing to the proposed Regency.
Papandreou is already in agreement with the proposal and the British
expect that the consent of the others can be obtained immediately.
(Athens 150)
British War Office is informed that about 3,000 Macedonian
Partisans have crossed the Greek frontier ostensibly to assist the
Jews but in fact to establish themselves in Greek Macedonia. It is
reported that Bulgarian Partisans have entered Thrace in cooperation
with the Macedonians. The Bulgarian Government is not believed to
be a party to either of these two movements. (Caserta 1761)
FRANCE
A British Foreign Office spokesman states that, although the
French gave the British no advance notice of their contemplated pact
with Russia, in general the British Government is pleased that a pact
has been signed between France and Russia and welcomes this move as
a constructive element in the European political situation. (London
11086)
ITALY
Togliatti states that the riots in Catania were instigated by
students as a protest against military service. (Rome 977)
He is satisfied with the outcome of the recent Government crisis
and believes that the present Government will last out the winter at
least, although it cannot be expected to proceed with the thorough
completion of plans for the country's benefit as these plans have to
be adjusted to wartime requirements. (Rome 978)
The British consider the Bonomi Government as representative in
character although Bonomi's position 1s not as strong as it would
have been had the Socialist and Action parties been included. (London
11081)
SWEDEN
There has been agreement in principle to Sweden's entry into
the shipping pool. Swedish participation will be contingent upon
assurances that Sweden's vital needs of certain raw materials will
be covered in 80 far as practicable. (Stockholm 5120)
The Germans have informed Sweden that the Gothenburg safe conduct
traffic will be stopped January first if Swedish exports to Germany
are not continued after that date. (Stockholm 5134)
PORTUGAL
Although the sensational rumors regarding possible political
changes in Spain have had their counterpart in Portugal, it is not
believed that the time is right for any changes in the latter country
without foreign (British or American) encouragement or assistance.
(Lisbon 4228)
ARGENTINA
A representative of the Argentine underground movement states
that the Argentine people not only favor nonrecognition of the
present Argentine Government but are also anxious to have economic
pressure brought against the Government. (Cali 47)
S:DF:MCW
DEPARTMENT OF STATE fill
December 16, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
YUGOSLAVIA
Civilians in Dalmatia are dying like flies, according to 8. Mac-
Lean report to APHQ pointing out that no reply has been received to
Tito's request, made over 8. month ago, for release of four Yugoslav
merchant ships to transport wheat from Black Sea to Dalmatia. Re-
port adds that Russian wheat shipped via Danube has reached only
Serbia and neighboring areas, where there is no wheat shortage and
that Soviets have no ships available for Dalmatia. MacLean concludes
that starving Delmatians will blame Allies and urges release of
Yugoslav ships on political 8.8 well 8.8 humanitarian grounds.
(Caserta 1766)
GREECE
As trucks marked with Red Cross insignia and driven by drivers
either supplied or approved by ELAS have been fired upon, distribu-
tion of food and medical supplies has been suspended. Negotiations
are under way, however, to obtain an ELAS guarantee that Red Cross
insignia will be respected. Archbishop understood to have offered
his good offices. In meantime, food situation in Athens grows
graver. ML supply and economic subcommittee have agreed there
should be no general distribution of food supplies in section of
Athens controlled by Greek Government and British, since this might
be considered discriminatory and endanger future negotiations with
regard to distribution. Ships are now unloading at only two small
ports, In Salonika, EAM expresses willingness to suspend general
strike before unloading of civilian relief supplies but not military
supplies. (Athens 141)
HUNGARY
Three members of Hungarian Independence Movement (allegedly or-
ganized on Horthy's instruction) have arrived in Italy. One of es-
capees, & former Foreign Office official and 038 contact, states
that Independence Movement has been in contact with Moscow since
September and claims organization can seize public utilities and
government offices in Budapest six hours after order 1s given by
Allies. Escapee adds that he 1a attempting to coordinate action of
Independence Movement with Russian attack on Budapest.
Dekanosov has written our Embassy in Moscow that German coup
d'etat retarded Hungary's withdrawal from war and that Soviet Govern-
ment deema it inappropriate to discuss Hungarian armistice terms at
present. (Caserta 1767; Moscow 4838; Moscow 4860)
DECLASSIFIED
S REM:MA
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 17, 1944
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
7:30 a.m.
GREECE
Distribution of flour to bakers and food, milk and medical sup-
plies to hospitals in both Government and ELAS areas continues.
Because of lack of transport it is impossible to increase the food
distribution to the population to more than four and one-half ounces
of flour per day. Large sections of the population of the capital
area are now starving. The shortage of water is becoming acute. Red
Cross hospital is being evacuated as it is being fired on. (Athens 152)
British reinforcements continue to arrive. An all-out probably
converging attack against the center of the city is feared by the
British HQS. (Athens 151)
British source reports Albanian partisans are cooperating with
ELAS. (Caserta 1784)
BULGARIA
088 source reports that the Russians have been extremely severe
during the last two weeks toward British members of Allied Control
Commission. (Caserta 1783)
An extensive purge of the Bulgarian army is under way and
assistant commanders (political commissars) are being attached to all
commanding officers. Democratic elements in Bulgaria may therefore
scarcely hope for support from the army in any resistance they may
plan to the Communists to gain political mastery in the country.
(Sofia 25)
YUGOSLAVIA
Thayer reported that Tito apparently regards the recent Greek
events as advantageous to him. He believes that after the Greek fiasco
the British will hesitate to press either the Russians or the partisans.
(Caserta 1773)
The food situation in Dalmatia is causing great concern. Field
Marshal Alexander was informed that negotiations had been in progress
for many weeks concerning the distribution of relief but that Tito had
up to the present time been unwilling to reach an agreement. (Caserta
1774)
BELGIUM
Fearing that the critical shipping problem may lead Allied
authorities to out down food shipments to Belgium, Mr. Sawyer predicts
serious trouble if food problem 1s not adequately met. As the require-
ments of food and shipping to solve the Belgian problem are so small
relatively and the benefits from furnishing them Bo large, he expresses
the hope that this matter will be given the most serious and immediate
attention by the highest authorities. (Brussels 161)
EL SALVADOR
The invaders have been driven back or retired from Salvadoran
territory and the invasion, at least for the present, is considered
to have failed. (San Salvador 410)
GUATEMALA
The Guatemalan Government is going to protest because a Salvadoran
detachment crossed the frontier, arrested a Guatemalan and took him
into Salvador for questioning. (Guatemala DECLASSIFIED 856)
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FEW:MCW
MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheuble Date
DECLASSIFIED
state Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972 DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Schauble Date
December 17, 1944
THE SECRETARY
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
In report to Churchill, Alexander depicted situation in Athens as
much graver than anticipated. He stated that British airfield and road
to Athens were under fire and not securely held; that initiative in
fighting did not rest wholly with British; that neither Piraeus area
nor Port Heracles were firmly in British possession and that British
held less of Athens than he had thought. He added that ELAS held
electrical power station and had cut off Athens water supply.
Alexander emphasized immediate necessity of making Archbishop
Regent and stressed fact that negotiations should be conducted so as
to conceal their initiation by British.
MacMillan sent strong and moving cable to Churchill urging desir-
ability of obtaining King's agreement to Archbishop's appointment as
Regent. MacMillan stated that unless Churchill could put deal through
with King result would be a long and embarrassing military operation
in Greece. He added that parties of Right feel this is last chance to
save Greece from terrorist dictatorship of Left and that parties of
Left believe that to quit now would mean reprisals from the Right.
Churchill replied urgently to MacMillan that he had made little progress
with King, who submitted telegram from Papandreou as evidence that no
Greek enthusiasm existed for Regency. Churchill asked MacMillan to send
him arguments supporting proposal and suggested that he immediately at-
tempt to sell its soundness to Papandreou, Sophoulis, et al. (Caserta
1776)
Later message from Athens reports that while Sophoulis telegraphed
advocacy of Archbishop's Regency to King yesterday, Papandreou had
persuaded Cabinet that it would be better to have Regency Council of
three and had so telegraphed King.. Both Leeper and MacMillan are
alarmed and disgusted at this recrudesence of political maneuvering
and concur with MacVeagh that passions can now be calmed only by appoint-
ment of a single chief of state who enjoys confidence of people.
Battle of Athens continues with British forces reportedly consoli-
dating reinforcements at Piraeus and Kalamaki and preparing march to
Athens where at present they remain on defensive. (Athens 153)
ITALY
Serious student riots took place in Catania December 14 with one
killed and several wounded. City hall sacked, recruting office wrecked
and serious damage done to newspaper office and other buildings.
Situation quiet as of December 15.
Student demonstrations against military service are occuring in
Palermo. (Palermo 107)
Rear Admiral Stone pointed out to ACI that Communists are in
excellent position, being both in Government and, as result of alliance
with Socialists, virtually outside of Government as well; that legal
position of monarchy has been strengthened since Government was formed
under Umberto's charge; and that Bonomi has achieved a personal
triumph. (Rome 980)
NETHERLANDS
Prime Minister Gerbrandy expressed apprehension that within next
few months there may be as many as four million of his people who will
be entirely dependent for food on outside sources. (London-Neter 3 -
copy to President)
S:RBM:dfb
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
EAS-1004
London
This telegram must bE
closely paraphrased be-
Dated DECEMBER 16, 1944
fore being communicated
to anyone.
(
Rec'd 7:30 a.m., 17th
Secretary of State,
Washington.
NETER 3, DECEMBER 16, 8 p.m.
FOR DUNN, THE SECRETARY AND THE PRESIDENT
FROM HORNBECK
On the occasion of my first call on Natherlands
Prime Minister Gerbrandy, on the afternoon of the 13th
he gave me an Extensive account of his observations
and reflections during his recent visit to those areas
of Holland which have thus far been liberated, and he
spoke at length regarding his estimate of conditions
now prevalent in the unliberated areas and the situation
which he fears may prevail in those areas when and as
their liberation is achieved.
HE said that he had found in the liberated
areas practically all bridges down, highways wrecked
and almost all vehicles, including canal boats, removed,
and that he EXPECTS that similar and more complete
destruction of
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
-2-NETER 3, DECEMBER 16, B p.m., from London
destruction of communications will have been vrought
in the rest of Holland 0.8 the procedure of liberation
is Extended and completed. HE Expressed apprthension
that w1 thin the next few months there may at some moment
bE as many as four million of his people who will DE
practically without food unless and EXCEPT as supplies
shall have been assembled from outside sources and
can bE promptly sent in and distributed. HE said that
he is fully aware of the shortage of overseas shipping
space and of the reasons therefor, and of the fact
that within Holland transportation will be scarce and
distribution bE a terrific problem.
He stated further that he finds it difficult
to cause certain military authorities, who are responsible
for and preocoupied with military objectives and
operations, to put their minds upon and to give adequate
attention to the question of the interests an needs of
civilian populations and the subject of the political,
Economic, social, international, Et cetera, implications
of the manner in which the problem of civilian livelihood
and welfare is handled. At one point he remarked:
What will
-3- NETER 3, DECEMBER 16, B p.m., from London
What will it profit to achieve liberation of a
population if thereupon that population starves,
In brief, it clearly is Cerbrandy's present
opinion - and I have found the same view featured in
utterances of other highly placed Netherlands officials
during the past two months - that the question of greatest
immediate import regarding Holland is that of ways and
means for ensuring that when the country is liberated
its people shall not (repeat not) be without food
during the period of the first few days and WEEKS after
the liberation.
Gerbrandy said that there is one government
which and one person in particular who, he is sure,
can and will constantly take into consideration not
only the military but also the humanitarian and all
other aspects of this problem: namely the American
Government and President ROOSEVELT.
VINANT
VIS
NPL
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 18, 1944
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
The British Foreign Office has shown considerable
displeasure over the Supreme Allied Commander's conolu-
sion of a bilateral agreement with the Italian Partisans
and insists the agreement should include the Italian
Government. Concurrence of the United States is desired.
Italian Partisans want the Italian Government to recog-
nize them as its agent in Northern Italy with right to
exercise political and administrative powers in the
territory occupied by the Nazis until the arrival of the
Allied armies. Kirk has taken the position that we
should not urge the Italian Government to conclude such
an agreement and he questions the wisdom of making any
political arrangements directly or indirectly in such
an agreement at this time. (Caserta 1801)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:FED:MOW
By J. Schenble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 18, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
Nothing of interest to report.
S:DF:ARK
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
December 19, 1944
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
Greek King does not favor the appointment of the Archbishop of Athens
as Regent and British Foreign Office is reluctant to urge the King to
take positive action. King believes that a regent would harm his position.
(London 11208)
A report from Greece indicates that ELAS controls four fifths of the
mainland. Military Governor in Crete has situation under control but
there are rumors of possible coup d'etat by ELAS. (Caserta 1804)
ITALY
Sforza has assured Badoglio that there was no intention to connect
him with Fascists crimes or refer his case to the high court. Badoglio
does not plan to leave the country and is returning to his home in Rome.
(Rome 995)
In a broadcast over Radio Roma, Bonomi told the people that Italy
must direct all its efforts, manpower and resources to the sole purpose
of winning the war. He pointed out that Fascism had ruined the country
and urged Italians to unite in winning the war to bring about Italy's
rebirth. (Rome 1000)
YUGOSLAVIA
Churchill and Eden appear to favor the Tito-Subasic agreement and
supplemental agreements which they consider the best possible under the
circumstances. Stalin asked Churchill for his views. Eden wants
Stettinius' views before Churchill meets King Peter and Subasic later
this week. (London--Yugos 12)
Communique issued with supplemental agreements signed by Tito and
Subasic provide for the formation of a single Yugoslav Government and a
provisional regime during the transitional period before the elections.
(London--Yugos 13, 14, 15)
Tito agreed in principle to the draft relief agreement permitting
100 Allied relief observers in Yugoslavia. (Caserta 1805)
IRAN
Soviet Government considers the Iranian law forbiding oil negotia-
tions as objectionable. (Tehran 918)
BELGIUM
Baron Boel plans to visit London and Washington to discuss monetary
reforms, modifications in mutual aid agreement with Great Britain and re-
verse Lend-Lease agreement with United States. He plans to leave Decem-
ber 19 for London and will visit Washington shortly after Christmas.
(Brussels 168)
FINLAND
Soviet Foreign Office has raised certain questions in regard to
Hamilton's appointment to Finland and Harriman has replied in an effort
to clarify the points at issue. (Moscow 4879)
ARGENTINA
Reports indicate that Central Bank refused to permit financial and
commercial transactions with France and considers France to be German-
dominated territory since Argentina has not been advised to contrary.
S:FED:MLM (Buenos Aires 2995)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
files December 20, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
CHINA
Hurley has postponed his return indefinitely in view of Wedemeyer's
absence from Chungking, Atcheson's illness, failure of Communist leaders
and National Government to reach agreement, and rumors which would be
created by his departure. Hurley does not consider situation dangerous.
He is directing that plane sent for him be used to evacuate missionaries
and pilots. (Chungking 2031)
GERMANY
to
Swiss Foreign Minister looks forward/relatively early end to
organized German resistance and opines that because of fundamental
German character anticipated Nazi underground movement would not be
of serious consequence. He also stated that orthodox Communism was
on increase in Germany.
Foreign Minister well satisfied with manner in which Swiss senti-
ment has solidified in face of Russian attacks and feels that his
country's position is now firm in defense of Switzerland's integrity,
institutions and principles. (Bern 8219)
FRANCE
Stalin, not de Gaulle, proposed making Franco-Soviet treaty.
Bidault and de Gaulle received worst possible impression of
Lublin Committee members with whom they spoke and both emphasized to
Russians that France is interested in seeing Poland remain an inde-
pendent nation.
De Gaulle and Bidault told Russians of French interest in crea-
tion of international organization set up to govern left bank of Rhine
and Ruhr with "predominantly French influence on French borders". By
"influence" they do not mean annexation. Stalin said he recognized
importance of Rhine to French defense, but added he would have to con-
sult United States and Britain.
Neither Mediterranean matters nor French oil interest in Rumania
were discussed. (Paris 977)
ITALY
Violent disorders occurred in Alcamo and Solarino on December 17.
Several government buildings burned or sacked and casualties occurred.
Demonstrations continuing throughout Sicily.
Whereas first demonstrations were directed against military
service and requisitioning of grain, they now appear to be serious
manifestations of general unrest. (Naples 110)
RUMANIA
Rumania's decision to try all Cabinet ministers and undersecre-
taries who served from December 1937 to August 23, 1944, as persons
responsible for bringing Rumania into war and as war criminals deemed
significant indication of Radescu Government's intention to fulfill
armistice terms. (Bucharest 66)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:RBM:dfb
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
fill
THE SECRETARY
December 20, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
During an audience which Ambassador Taylor had with the Pope, His
Holiness referred to the present German offensive on the Western Front
as "an incident" and displayed no fear of its outcome. (Vatican
City 410)
SPAIN
The Portuguese Ambassador at Madrid, upon being informed that
Franco did not wish him to attend the wedding of Don Juan's sister,
was both surprised and angered. He inquired whether Franco realized
that the bridegroom was a member of the Brazilian-Portuguese Royal
House and stated that he (the Ambassador) was attending the wedding
under instructions from Salazar, who encourages monarchist support of
the present Portuguese Government. The Ambassador was informed that
Franco was aware of this and finally agreed to abide by Franco's wishes.
Franco later withdrew his objections and the Ambassador attended the
wedding. (Madrid 4062)
FRANCE
In treating the Franco-Soviet pact the Paris press evinces the
greatest unanimity of opinion since liberation. All commentators find
common ground in exulting over (1) France's diplomatic triumph ensur-
ing its recognition as a world power and (2) the tight provisions of
the treaty assuring vigorous action against potential German war menace.
(Paris 978)
GREECE
General Scobie, in a telegram to London for the information of
British editors, states that the situation in Greece will improve with
the arrival of reenforcements to take offensive action and thus expand
the British-held area. As soon as conditions warrant, additional cor-
respondents will be accepted. (Caserta 1824)
YUGOSLAVIA
The Huntington Mission, having just returned from a trip to Parti-
san held sections of Croatia and Slovenia, reports that the Russians
are everywhere and that British prestige is low, increasingly because
of the Greek situation. (Caserta 1822)
BULGARIA
All members of the Muraviev Cabinet, except Muraviev himself and
Dimov, have been released against their signed pledge to appear before
the Peoples Courts when called. This is interpreted to mean that of
this government probably only Dimov is in jeopardy. The Russian au-
thorities and the communists have been behind the charges against these
ministers. (Sofia, Dec. 18, 1 p.m.)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, MAR 8 1972
S DF:MA
By J. Schauble Date
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter,
MAR 8 1972 DEPARTMENT OF STATE
filey December 21, 1944
By J. Schenble Date
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
Serious typhus outbreak in Athens inevitable. City's utilities,
including water supply, cut off since December 11. Civilian transport
at standstill. Emergency medical supplies, food and fuel being issued
to all hospitals.
Road communication reestablished between Pireaus and Athens, and
southern peninsula cleared of ELAS troops. Soup kitchens now open to
feed civilian population.
In Volos situation worse and evacuation of Allied personnel pro-
ceeding. In Crete protective measures being taken to counteract EAM
efforts to create unrest. Gendarmerie to be doubled and equipment
provided National Guard battalions.
Bulgarian and Yugoslav partisans infiltrating northern Epirus
and Macedonia. (Caserta 1836)
OSS reports that EAM would accept Plastiras as Regent, Premier,
or simply as a guarantor of democratic solution of crisis. ELAS would
withdraw from Attica if formation of a Government were acceptable to
all parties. If King were chosen in fair plebiscite, Communists would
accept decision. Greek Rightists are condemning United States "hands
off" policy and circulating stories that American troops would have
treated ELAS far more brutally than British have done.
FINLAND
Russians combing Finnish factories and demanding immediate surren-
der of valuable machinery. Russians reply to Finnish protests with
advice to look to "friends over there", meaning Sweden and, more par-
ticularly, the United States. As further indication of abruptness with
which Russians treat indemnity question, Soviet Control Commission re-
quisitioned all harbor ferries of Helsinki, an action more attributable
to desire to cause hardship to civilian population than to economic
value of small vessels.
City of Stockholm has promised gift to Helsinki of over half
million crowns for such goods as shoes and textiles and for construc-
tion of badly needed children's hospital. (Stockholm 5198)
LONDON
Times of December 19, commenting on six new appointments to the
Department, points out "the new team proposed is remarkable for its
freshness to diplomatic routine"; that Mr. Roosevelt has again demon-
strated ability to dress his administration in a coat of many colors
and there are doubts which hue will predominate; and that Senate inter-
rogation of appointees showed keen consciousness of White House influ-
ence in direction of foreign affairs. Traditional fear, editorial
continues, that American representatives abroad may sit at foot of
British-headed dinner table has not been allayed; and it is no longer
certain that Senate's consent to American participation in a security
organization will be achieved with ease which November election
mandate against isolationism seemed to promise. Editorial concludes
with statement that "it is especially upon the President himself with
his new assistants in the State Department that the task must fall of
tracing, in terms at once popular and realistic, the path along which
American principles and American interests must lead if the twin goals
of world peace and world prosperity are to be attained". (London 11292)
S:RBM:dfb
department OF STATE file
THE SECRETARY
December 21, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
RUSSIA
Harriman reports he 18 concerned over the expanding con-
cept of the Soviet Government's intentions in regard to the
future western frontier of Poland. The first Soviet proposal
indicated that Poland should have East Prussia except the
Koenigsburg area. Subsequently the Soviets intend to include
the western boundary line of the Oder, including Stettin and
Breslau. Mikolajczyk does not favor the Oder as the Polish
boundary. The Soviet policy toward Poland appears to indicate
they are attempting to justify their annexation of old Polish
territory and domination of the internal affairs of Poland by
generous offers of territory in the west at Germany's expense.
Harriman believes that we should register with the British
and Soviet Governments any reservations we may care to make
before these concepts become a fait accompli. (Moscow 4913)
Bogomolov told Caffery about his trip to Moscow and took
great pains to assure him that the treaty was in the Dumbarton
Oaks framework. It was stated that Russia wants to see France
independent and 1s opposed to the formation of a western
European bloc but does not object to France as the principal
nation among a group of free and prosperous western European
nations. (Paris 993)
FINLAND
Moscow papers report the signature on December 17 of
an agreement between Russia and Finland providing for Finnish
reparation deliveries in the amount of 300 million American
dollars. The deliveries will take place from September 19,
1944 to September 19, 1950. (Mosoow 4933)
The Swedish Minister in Moscow told Harriman that 300
German and Hungarian civilians were interned by Finland;
2500 German prisoners of war were turned over by the Finns
to the Russians; 43,000 Russian prisoners of war were
returned; 1500 Finnish prisoners of war were returned to
Finland and 193 civilians interned in Finland were released
under the Finnish armistice. (Moscow 4931)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FED:ARK
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
December 22, 1944
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
POLAND
Mikolajozyk told Schoenfeld that Churchill's statement in Commons
on December 15 that British would support Curzon Line, inclusive of
Twow and Galician oil areas, as Soviet frontier was incomprehensibly
unfair as only fortnight had passed since he had offered to support
proposed American request that Iwow and oilfields remain in Poland.
Mikolajesyk was pleased that question of Poland's western frontier had
been subject of debate and that British opinion appeared conscious of
immense problems involved. He added that Arciszewski Cabinet's reaction
to debate was unrealistic and naive in satisfaction members derived from
favorable speeches and press reaction while failing to distinguish im-
portance between favorable back bench comments and pronouncement of
policy adverse to Poland by Prime Minister. He also considered Polish
Cabinet erred in regarding Stettinius' statement on Poland as endorse-
ment of view that frontier questions should be settled at end of war,
whereas, in fact, Secretary's statement clearly indicated that there
could and should be exceptions to general principle.
Mikolajozyk indicated that there was active ferment within Polish
political parties but considered change of government in near future
unlikely.
With reference to Lublin Committee, Mikolajozyk said that he was
aware that British had received message on December 13 from Stalin
stating that Soviet Government was unwilling that supplies be sent to
Polish underground over Soviet-occupied areas, and asking whether time
had not come to recognize Lublin Committee. He added that French were
sending an official representative to Committee.
Mikolajczyk expressed conviction that a positive policy had to be
devised and added that he was attempting to evolve plan which would
take into account all elements in Polish situation and which would per-
mit organization of & government which might go to Poland, in time for
consideration at next meeting of President, Churchill and Stalin.
(London - Poles 134)
GREECE
Fierce fighting continues. British Ambassador informed that promised
telegram conveying Cabinet recommendation for Archbishop's appointment 8.8
sole Regent has been sent King, who has apparently not yet replied.
Meanwhile, British military withdrawing from mainland, except Salonika,
Patras and Athens. (Athens 164)
Persistent rumors current in Athens of increased Bulgarian activities
in north with EAM connivance and even support. Leeper stated that if
the Greeks go on this way they will lose Macedonia".
GERMANY
Credible reports of German peace probings, accompanied by usual
intimidating propaganda themes, began to reach our Legation at Bern
slightly in advance of current offensive. Legation seems to believe
that Germany hopes a desperate display of military vigor may sufficiently
weaken Allied resolve to enable peace negotiations either with Russia or
Western powers. If disappointed in this hope, German leaders expected
to attempt to bolster morale by claiming success in unsettling Anglo-
American winter offensive plans. (Bern 8243)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Data MAR 8 1972
S:RBM:dfb
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
files
December 22, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GERMANY
During the past few days the Germans have
dropped parachutists over many parts of France and
most of these men have been captured or killed.
The French Minister of Interior told Caffery that
many of these parachutists were French prisoners
of war in Germany indoctrinated by the Sigwaringen
group. Heavy precautions are being taken by SHAEF
as it 18 believed some of these raids are of a
desperate commando type. (Paris 1015)
GREECE
Negotiations for a cessation of hostilities
in Greece have made some progress though with no
definite results at present, while the King of
Greece still appears hesitant to accept British
proposals in regard to the Regency. (Athens 166)
DECLASSIFIED
S:FED:ARK
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schauble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
filex December 23, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
MacVeagh reports, apparently with reference to the
problem of relief, that British seem confident of clear-
ing up the Athens situation within a few days and are
preparing to distribute full December rations, except
bread, to the entire population before the end of the
month. (Athens 159)
An OSS report from Greece states that the EAM is
spreading the belief that the United States disapproves
of the British policy in Greece. It is said that the
United States will maintain a passive attitude 8.8
regards British activities there, but that Russian
intervention is expected. (Caserta 1862)
ITALY
The Italian Government has published an order of
the day recognizing the CNL of North Italy as represen-
tative of the Government. It misrepresents the situa-
tion by inferring that AFHQ has accorded political
recognition to the CNL in North Italy. (Rome 1024)
YUGOSLAVIA
In an interview with Churchill, King Peter insisted
on the right to appoint regents for Yugoslavia and stated
that the Tito-Subasic regency agreement was not constitu-
tional. Churchill pointed out that Tito had done many
unconstitutional things and would probably do more, but
King Peter insisted he would refuse to sign an agreement
unless he could designate the regents. (London-Yugos 17)
BRAZIL
For the first time in recent years the Government
has arrested several prominent citizens known for their
anti-Vargas sentiments. Although there has been no
publicity, the arrests have become generally known in
informed circles. (Rio de Janeiro 4504)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:dfb
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schenble Date MAR 8 1972
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
December 24, 1944
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GREECE
British sources in Bulgaria report that the majority of the
population is against the ELAS because of its excesses, and many
Communists are disillusioned with it. The Foreign Office takes
a gloomy view of the future of Greece because of the brutalities
of the ELAS, which will undoubtedly result in retaliations.
(London 11392)
POLAND
During his visit to Moscow de Gaulle consented to recognize
the Lublin Committee, whose first representative to Paris is to be
Jedrychowsky. The Polish Committee will proclaim itself the Pro-
visional Government of Poland before the end of the year, and it
is understood that Soviets plan to induce Bulgaria, Rumania, and
other small countries to recognize this Polish government.
(Lisbon 4277, Moscow 4973)
FRANCE
Opinion in Paris is pessimistic over the fact that the United
States, following victory in Europe, will remove the bulk of its
armies for the war in the Pacific, which, in view of the British
manpower shortage, will leave the task of garrisoning France
largely to the French Government. As France would be unable to
face this responsibility alone, this explains de Gaulle's attempt
to seek an alliance with the USSR.
The French are criticizing Eisenhower's strategy of sacrificing
vast quantities of materiel to save men, thus occasioning supply
difficulties which they blame for the Allies failure to furnish
equipment for a second French Army. (Stockholm 5250)
BELGIUM
The latest military developments have had a sobering effect all
around and one may anticipate a period of calm when the military
situation becomes stabilized as indicated by the Communists decision
to call of their threat of ordering a strike in the coal mines.
(Brussels 183)
ITALY
With the elimination of Sforza, the two foremost candidates
under consideration for the Ambassadorship to the United States are
Professor Einaudi, a well-known economist, and Tarchiani, a prominent
member of the Action Party. (Rome - December 23, 6 p.m.)
FINLAND
Following the conclusion of the Russo-Finnish agreement on
indemnity prices, the Russians are still causing the Finns great
anxiety because of their arbitrary interpretation of "1938 prices".
There is much public interest over the possibility that American
representation in Helsinki will be renewed. (Stockholm 5233)
BRAZIL
Velloso suggests that the United States and Brazilian Govern-
ments review their trade agreement with respect to the possible pro-
tection of certain new Brazilian industries and the prevention of
dumping of foreign merchandise in Brazil. (Rio de Janeiro 4520)
S:DF:dfb
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
SECRET
December 24, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ITALY
American relief for Italy program will be broadcast on Sunday
December 31 and will cover New Year's and Christmas sentiment. Our sug-
gestions will be followed. (Vatican City 418--copy to the President)
CHINA
Ambassador Hurley reports that his negotiations with the various
authorities in China have brought about better cooperation between our
Embassy and the Generalissimo, Foreign Office, National Government,
Chinese military officials and American military officials, with resultant
improvement in military situation. Chiang Kai Shek is now convinced that
by agreement with the Communist Party he can unite his military forces
and also avoid civil strife in China. The Government plans to send T.V.
Soong to confer with Stalin in February or March 1945 to establish closer
relations with Russia. The Communists leaders have cooperated with
Hurley, and the Generalissimo has appointed a committee to make a
working agreement with the Communists. Foreign influence, composed of a
group of imperialists nations now fighting for reconquest and reestablish-
ment of their colonies in southeast Asia, presents the greatest opposi-
tion to the unification of China. This group is trying to convince the
Chinese that everything the United States does to unite and strengthen
China interferes in her internal affairs. (Chungking, unnumbered,
December 24)
BELGIUM
Belgian newspapers focused their attention on news from western
front and some editorials express opinion that internal political con-
troversies and agitation may have influenced Germans to aim offensive
at Belgium. Nearly all papers urge need for unity. (Brussels 185)
EGYPT
Approximately 1,000 students of the Fouad University made an anti-
British demonstration in Cairo. Egyptian Prime Minister urged students
to maintain order. There were no casualties. Quiet now prevails
although British and Egyptian authorities fear further rioting tomorrow
and are taking necessary precautions. (Cairo 2847)
BRAZIL
Police in Sao Paulo report conspiracy against the Government.
Outwardly calm prevails and Government insists it is making plans for
elections. The political pot is boiling and surprises and alignments
for and against Vargas are taking place. (Rio de Janeiro 4522)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter,
S:FED:MLM
"MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheoble Date
EPARTMENT
N
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
RA-991
PLAIN
Vationn City
Undated
Rec'd December 24, 1944
9:56 c.m.
Secretary of State
Washington
418
FOR PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY.
For technical and other reasons brondenst will
be made on Sunday 31st and will be revised to conform
to New Year's E.S. well 0.8 Christmas sentimonts, Your
suggestions which have been received will be followed.
TAYLOR
RB
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 25, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
The German offensive has given rise to fantastic
rumors which have undoubtedly originated with "fifth
columnists" of whom there are large numbers working
actively in France, particularly in the Paris area.
On the whole, however, the French people are taking
the German offensive with surprising calm. (Paris
1045, 1037)
The matter of mobilizing certain young classes
into the French Army has been left in abeyance for
the time being since there are not yet sufficient
arms and equipment for the FPI units at present
being incorporated into the Army. (Paris 1043)
GREECE
British Minister in Athens reports that no
advances have been made toward B. solution of the
present trouble there since MacVeagh's last tele-
gram on this subject on December 20. The extent
to which the British have underestimated both the
size of their military task and the spirit of the
opposition is shown by the capture of the RAF head-
quarters at Kephissia. Members of the ELAS have
boasted that they will turn Athens into another
Stalingrad, and this result is probable unless British
reinforcements arrive or & face-saving solution, for
both sides, is arrived at without delay. (Athens 175)
Tito has assured MacLean that no Partisan soldiers,
including the Greek Macedonian Brigade, have or will
cross the Greek frontier. (Caserta 1883)
DECLASSIFIED
S:DF:dfb
State Dept. Letter. 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
1944
4:30 P. n.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
HUNGARY
Provisional Hungarian Government, created at Debrecen on
December 21, has asked Soviet Government for armistice terms.
Molotov "called a meeting" of British Charge' and Harriman for
five o'clock this afternoon. Harriman informed Molotov that while
he would gladly discuss armistice terms, he could not commit his
Government until Department defined its position with respect to
negotiations with new provisional Hungarian Government.
According to Moscow press reports, provisional Government
of Hungary was created by initiative of group of representatives
of various public and political organizations; it pledges allegiance
to traditions of Kossuth and Rokaci; breaks alliance with Germany;
assumes reparation of material damage caused by Hungary in war
against Soviet Union and neighboring peoples; abolishes all anti-
popular laws and decrees, including barbaric ordnances against
Jews; and guarantees democratic rights and freedoms. (Moscow 5011,
4985, 4982, 4981, 4878)
URUGUAY
Increasing speculation and doubts in Uruguay regarding
change in our policy towards Argentina, as result of personnel
changes in Department, encouraged by reports from United States,
such as Leon Pearson story datelined Washington, December 23.
Foreign Minister Serrato and President of Uruguayan Chamber of
Deputies have both revealed apprehension to Ambassador Dawson lest
a change in our policy leave Uruguay out on a limb. Dawson
vigorously denied that any change in our Argentine policy was
contemplated by United States Government. (Montevideo 1205)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:RBM: MCW
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
fill 27, 1944
THE SECRETARY
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
WORLD SECURITY ORGANIZATION
Molotov discussed the President's proposal regarding voting procedure
with Harriman and stated that Stalin considered it essential for the suc-
cess of the Security Organization that the unity of the great powers
should be maintained in order to avoid a split before the inception of
any situation. It is clear that Molotov and Stalin do not want the
Council to consider any subject without their approval for fear of
resultant differences with other great powers. Harriman emphasized the
importance the President placed on this question and urged that it be
kept open until it could be discussed with Stalin. Stalin intends to
give his views to the President. (Moscow 5012)
RUSSIA
Jedrychowsky, official of the Polish National Committee in Moscow,
is going to Paris as representative of the Lublin Committee. It is re-
ported the Polish Committee will proclaim itself the Provisional Govern-
ment of Poland before the end of the year. Soviets plan to exert
pressure on other countries to induce them to recognize the Provisional
Government. (Moscow 4973)
GREECE
MacMillan informed Churchill that the Greek King's failure to ap-
point the Archbishop of Athens as Regent has caused much unnecessary
bloodshed in Greece. (Caserta 1911)
ARGENTINA
Our Embassy in Buenos Aires in submitting its views on our pro-
posed policy toward Argentina points out that the British are disregard-
1ng the September policy; South Africa is increasing its exports to
Argentina; the European neutrals are expanding their shipments; Mexican
exports are higher today than before; Brazil is increasing its exports
and Chile maintains its export trade with Argentina. The September
policy rested on the theory that sufficient pressure could be exerted to
accomplish an objective and might have succeeded if the British had
cooperated. Such a policy is a failure and now is contrary to our best
interests. The Embassy believes that British cooperation is the nub of
the problem and strongly urges that we make representations to the
British for complete unity of policy toward Argentina or that we take
independent action and impose severe restrictive measures.
(Buenos Aires A-936)
YUGOSLAVIA
King Peter told Ambassador Patterson that he is preparing a memo-
randum on the constitutional question which he will give us next
Thursday. (London, Yugos 18)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:FED:MLM
By J. Scheuble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file December 27, 1944
4:30 p.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
POLAND
Litauer told Harriman in strict confidence that Stalin
held Mikolajczyk responsible for London Polish Government's
secret instruction to Polish underground to effect that mass
terrorism must end and that subversive activity should concen-
trate on killing individuals of high importance. Hence Stalin
will never allow Mikolajczyk to return to Poland.
Litauer not sure Mikolajczyk knew of this instruction
which was issued just prior to his resignation but Harriman
adds that when he saw Mikolajczyk in London he seemed familiar
with underground activities of former members of home army in
liberated Poland. (Moscow 5009)
GREECE
MacVeagh reports that at Churchill's invitation he attended
meeting called by Churchill with representative Greek leaders
of all factions. Churchill made firm but friendly speech
stating that British troops came to Greece to fight Germans under
arrangement with Greek leaders and Marshal Stalin but that
developments had compelled them to intervene to save Greek people
from destruction; that Scobie's terms must be accepted and that
Britain desires nothing for herself but continuance of Anglo-
Greek friendship and most-favored-nation treatment for British
trade.
Both Papandreou and insurgent leaders expressed apprecia-
tion of Churchill's initiative after which Churchill turned
meeting over to Greeks with Archbishop in chair and British
together with foreign observers withdrew. Churchill told
MacVeagh that he would telegraph the President himself as to
result of Greek deliberations. (Athens 185)
According to an American source in Athens Greek Constitu-
tional Government is becoming daily more impotent and Papandreou's
refusal to resign has brought a complete political impasse.
Governmental authority in Athens proper supported only by British
military forces which occupy about one-third of city. ELAS holds
northern third of city and large part of southern and western
sections. ELAS spirits buoyed by unflinching hatred for British
contrasted with friendly attitude toward Americans. (Caserta
1918)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
S:RBM:MCW
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
3
December 28, 1944
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
FRANCE
Swarms of German spies, saboteurs, killers have entered
France recently by parachute or infiltration through the lines,
including the notorious Scorlini gang. Numbers of these thugs
were picked up all over France; some are German, some French;
some in American or British uniforms and some in civilian
clothes. They are being summarily handled. (Paris 1069)
A French press dispatch says "The French Government has
named a delegate to the Lublin Committee". (Paris 1086)
Bidault has again spoken to Caffery in regard to our furnish-
ing arms for additional French divisions. Bidault says the whole
nation is becoming aroused and that insidious rumors are spread-
ing that we do not want the French to take any real part in the
war. (Paris 1075)
POLAND
Stefan Litauer, a Pole formerly associated with the Polish
Government in London, recently visited liberated Poland and reported
on conditions there. He reported that Committee of National Libera-
tion has organized the governmental functions of liberated Poland.
Members of the Government are drawn from four parties: The Workers
Party (formerly Communist); the Peasant, the Socialist and the
Democratic Parties. The Workers Party holds most of the key
positions due to the influence of Bierut, speaker of the Council,
who has Stalin's support. (Moscow 5010, 5024)
BRAZIL
Velloso has received a report that the United States wants
the meeting of Foreign Ministers held in Mexico City before
March 15 and that Stettinius would head the American delegation
accompanied by Clayton, Rockefeller, Messersmith and Wilson.
Velloso wants to receive the proposed agenda as soon as possible.
S:FED:MLM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
SECRET
THE SECRETARY
December 28, 1944
4:30 P. m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
TURKEY
The British Ambassador has received instructions to
approach the Turk Government with a view to the severance
of diplomatic relations between Turkey and Japan. (Ankara 2416)
HUNGARY
Provisional Government has made known its intention of
breaking with the Germans and declaring war on Germany and
has asked permission to send a delegation to Moscow to re-
ceive the Allied armistice conditions. The Soviet Government
has agreed to accept the delegation in Moscow. (Moscow 5034)
FRANCE
Provisional Government without prejudice to the final
reparations charged against Germany would like before capitu-
lation of Germany to have turned over to it certain materials
and equipment in German territory occupied by the Allied
armies. (Paris 1078)
French representatives are now participating in economic
warfare committees in Lisbon. (Lisbon 4291)
BRAZIL
Brazilian Government obviously prefers and con-
siders that it is entitled to a permanent seat on the Se-
curity Council, but if this cannot be arranged, the Govern-
ment believes it should receive one of the first non-permanent
seats. Donnelly believes that the Government will be satis-
fied with the latter. (Rio de Janeiro 4546)
S:DF:dfb
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schenble Date
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
E0C-1857
Vatican City
This telegram must be
closely paraphrased be-
Dated December 28, 1944
fore being communicated
to anyone. (
)
Roc'd 5:13 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington,
419, December 28, 4 p.m.
FOR PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY ONLY
In accordance with annual custom His Holiness
received today and will continue to receive tomorrow
members of Diplomatic Corps, each diplomatic mission
being separatoly recoived. We attended. By provious
arrangement I WCS first accorded a personal audience
with His Holiness, German Ambassador Baron Weizsaocker
and his staff were boing received at the timo of our
arrival and had quite a longthy audience.
His Holiness requested mo to convoy to you
Mr. President and to Mrs. Roosevelt, your family,
other Government authorities and the poople of the
United States, his greeting upon the advont of the
Now Year and granted his special Apostolic blossing.
I expressed to His Holiness your reciprocal Now Years
greetings and appreciation of his special reforence
to yourself
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schenble Date MAR 8 1972
-2-#419, December 28, 4 p.m, from Vatican City.
to yourself and our country in the last section
ontitled "Christmas Charity" of his Christmas
allocution. I also expressed a lively fooling
of gratitude for undeserved recognition of his
generous reference to myself incorporated in same
message,
Although I was assured that I might take as
much time ns I required I refrained from extend-
ing my interviow boyond c. reference to the subject
of the acceptable authorities who might be the
signers of the document of ultimate unconditional
surrendor. No progress was made in reforence to
that point. It was inspired by c. telegram to ono of
the New York nowspaper correspondents hero to the
effect that such subject had been under discussion
at the Vatican. His Holiness stated that boyond
his conversation with me the subject had not boon
mentioned by him to anyone and I assured him in
turn that it had not been montioned by mo to other
than yourself.
Following my reforence casually to visit of
Baron Weizsaeckor tho Pope informed mo that ho under-
stood Weizsaeckor had nover been a Nazi, that ho did
not sympathize with that rogime and was vory unhappy
and that he, the Pope, had undertaken to rondor conso-
lation.
T.YLOR
HTM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
December 29, 1944
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
VATICAN CITY
Myron Taylor reports on his audience with the Pope. (Vatican City
419--copy to the President)
GREECE
Eden and Churchill are leaving for London. Churchill told his ad-
visers that their estimate of situation is correct and that he intends
to tell the Greek King that Archbishop Damaskinos must be appointed
Regent without further delay. Papandreou will urge King to establish
a regency under the Archbishop. Political conference adjourned until
regency matter is settled. (Athens 193)
Archbishop expects agreement to be reached on the formation of a
non-political government under Plastires. (Athens 189)
The Archbishop presided over the meeting of December 26 which
ended in confusion, many accusations and counter accusations between
the various groups. There appears to be more unity in EAM circles than
among the anti-Communist groups. Communists favor a coalition govern-
ment representative of all groups. The Royalists apparently want a
dictatorship. Greek King still firmly opposes creation of a regency.
According to the British Foreign Office all groups in Greece favor a
regency except a small group of extreme Rightists. (London 11490)
FRANCE
Bidault denied London report that France has submitted a draft
treaty of alliance to the British Government. (Paris 1077, 1080)
GERMANY
Air Ministry special signals office messages 7550 and 7562 of
December 27 to SHAEF contain London JIC estimate of present German
counter offensive. (Caserta 1940)
PANAMA
Anti-de la Guardia paper reports a manifesto signed by 10 of 32
deputies to National Assembly demanding the election of a first de-
signate who would automatically become President of Panama February 15,
1945 and hold office until the regular elections late in 1946. This
manifesto indicates a manuevering of political groups to obtain an ad-
vantage. De la Guardia has no strong support in the present Cabinet.
(Panama 752)
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Dominican Government urges that meeting of Foreign Ministers be
held in Washington. (Ciudad Trujillo 548, 549)
S:FED:MLM
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By
J.
Schanble
Date
MAR
8
1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
December 31, 1944
7 a.m.
THE SECRETARY
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
PANAMA
Notwithstanding press predictions of La Guardia's resignation in favor
of Eduardo Chiari, Warren informed that Panamanian President has categori-
cally refused to entertain suggestion of resignation. Various groups rep-
resenting political coalition which has supported La Guardia and non-poli-
tical citizens group are continuing efforts to bring about change necessary
for resumption of constitutional practices before January 2. (Panama 767)
CUBA
Increasing indications that Autentico extremists and military hierachy
of Batista regime are considering respective plans to gain control of
government. Grau's conservative followers are genuinely worried. Dis-
satisfaction with Grau appears due chiefly to his administrative incapacity,
excessive self-confidence, and demogagy of his more radical followers.
If present tendency continues Braden expects rapid deterioration in
Government's position. (Habana A-2864)
ARGENTINA
Bowers believes we are losing public opinion in South America on
Argentine issue because Perron, Farrell and Peluffo through almost daily
press conferences have impressed on average Latin American that "con-
tinental solidarity" is being destroyed by exclusion of Argentina. Bowers
urges that a vigorous editorial pointing out that lack of continental
solidarity be published in leading American newspaper and then given to
press associations for South American distribution. (Santiago 1984)
CHILE
Fernandez will be seriously embarrassed in placing our proposal before
Senate if he has to admit that Chile is to be relegated to subordinate
position. He proposes that we consent to his seeking an agreement with
Russia and Great Britain to include Chile in meeting of United Nations on
strength of her contribution and cooperation in war, and that submission
of our proposition to other nations of South America be postponed. Bowers
feels we should go limit in protecting Fernandez. (Santiago 1981)
COLOMBIA
In view of Colombian Foreign Minister's plaintive references to
coffee selling prices and a bad tempered editorial in El Tiempo,
Ambassador Wiley wonders if Mr. Vincent has realized political signifi-
cance of coffee prices to coffee-producing countries whose political
collaboration is needed at this moment. (Bogota 2081)
BRAZIL
Souza Costa showed Donnelly draft of import control measure which
Brazil plans to make effective early in January. Donnelly raised strong
objections to measure and urged that it was in violation of trade agree-
ment, would delay importation of merchandise from the U.S., etc. He fears
measure may be used for bargaining re cotton subsidy and increase on
coffee price ceilings. (Rio de Janeiro 4574)
S:RMB:MLM
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
January 1, 1945
7 a. n.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GERMANY
Ranking Swiss official, in position to formulate worthwhile
opinion, considers German resistance in its last stages and
believes that war in Europe will end soon after material now
being used in German drive is exhausted. (Bern 859)
JAPAN
Portuguese Minister at Tokyo reports Diplomatic Corps being
removed from that city. This due apparently to desire of Japanese
Military to remove from scene observers who would be in position
to report on damage and on deterioration in civilian morale.
(Lisbon 4321)
FRANCE
DeGaulle informed Caffery that an exchange of representatives
between Paris and Lublin is in no way recognition or leading up to
recognition of Lublin. (Paris 1139)
Exchange of instruments of ratification of double tax conven-
tion and protocol accomplished at French Foreign Office December 30,
7 p.m. Heavy opposition, which developed at last moment from
Ministry of Finance, squashed by de Gaulle. (Paris 1158)
ANKARA
Steinhardt handed Turkish Foreign Minister aide memoire
urging severance of diplomatic relations with Japan. Saka stated
that while he could see little advantage to Turkey therein, out
of deference for Turkey's Allies, suggestion would be given most
careful consideration and reply would not be unreasonably delayed.
He appeared particularly anxious as to Russia's point of view.
(Ankara 2421)
CUBA
Cuban Government remaining on alert although it now appears
that movement to overthrow Grau has been thwarted by prompt and
effective measures taken by Government. (Habana 1096)
DECLASSIFIED
S:RBM:MLM
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date
MAR
8
1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
January 2, 1945
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
TURKEY
Turkish Government has decided to break off economic and diplomatic
relations with Japan and will recommend immediate action to this effect
to Grand National Assembly which, it is assumed, will approve Govern-
ment's desire. (Ankara 2434)
In view of feeling of Turkish authorities that they have had indif-
ferent U.S. press notices during recent months and fact that Turkish
rupture with Japan is primarily a gesture to U.S., Steinhardt urges every
effort to give Turkish Government's action maximum favorable publicity.
(Ankara 2)
PANAMA
Panamanian political crisis continues serious and solution not in
sight. Press appears to favor immediate return to constitutional govern-
ment, lack of which is De La Guardia's principal weakness at moment.
President's promise of constitutional convention attacked on ground that
election on present political party lines will not be truly representa-
tive body. Lewis' return has political potentialities. General agree-
ment that Jan. 2 will be crucial day. (Panama 2)
POLAND
On December 31 Polish Government issued statement protesting Lublin
Committee's declaration that it was provisional government and branding
this title as illegal. Statement declares that neither freedom of speech
nor assembly exists in liberated areas of Poland and that under present
conditions Polish nation has no means of expressing its will or mani-
festing its disapproval of new act of lawlessness by Lublin Committee.
(London, Poles 1)
GREECE
MacVeagh believes that Scobie report on post-civil war problems in
Greece (text airmailed Department) does not entirely reflect seriousness
of situation. He points out that one month of civil war has done more
damage than four years of occupation; that many buildings destroyed;
large sections of densely populated suburbs in ruins; street cars, trucks,
electric lines, and water pipes damaged; garbage not collected for month;
many industries ruined, and epidemics anticipated. He adds that with
increased military forces taking precedence over civilian supplies, delays
in unloading and distribution are inevitable and in meantime people will
be starving. (Athens 204)
FRANCE-GERMANY
French leaders think all German war and allied industries should be
eliminated, but do not wish to see Germany reduced to economic misery as
they believe this would inevitably breed trouble. (Paris 1160)
DECLASSIFIED
S:RBM:MLM
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
January 4, 1945
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
USSR
General Oxley does not agree that reduction of the British
delegations to Bulgaria and Rumania, as planned by the British War
Office will change the Soviet attitude to the work of the British
in the ACC Bulgaria since the smaller American element is treated
in exactly the same manner. Oxley states that the Soviet attitude
is deliberate, presumably designed to prevent obtaining of informa-
tion and observation of what the Russians are doing in Bulgaria.
(Caserta 26)
Considerable prominence is given in the Moscow press to dis-
agreements between the United States and Great Britain. This is in
contrast to Soviet policy during the past year which has been gen-
erally to emphasize the unity among the three major allies and to
play down disagreements, and was undoubtedly reached after discussion
within the Government. (Moscow 24)
YUGOSLAVIA
MacLean reports that many partisans in Belgrade believe the
allies intend to invade Yugoslavia and put down the partisans by
force and that the real aim of UNRRA is to take over administration
along AMG lines. (Caserta 28)
TURKEY
The Turkish Government has officially broken diplomatic and
economic relations with Japan effective January 6th. This move has
received the unanimous support of the National Assembly. (Ankara 14)
FRANCE
General deGaulle has addressed through our Embassy a telegram
to President Roosevelt asking him to intervene in a decision taken
by General Eisenhower to order withdrawal of Devers army group to
the Vosges. A subsequent telegram reports that deGaulle has con-
ferred with Eisenhower and Smith and that they have reached an
agreement on operations in Alsace and Lorraine. (Paris 23, 26)
BELGIUM
It is reported that the situation in Belgium is serious but
not desperate. There seems to be everywhere 8 realization of the
need for unity and the untimeliness of political bickering.
(Brussele 7)
S:DF:MCW
file
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
January 4, 1945
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
USSR
General Oxley does not agree that reduction of the British
delegations to Bulgaria and Rumania, as planned by the British War
Office will change the Soviet attitude to the work of the British
in the ACC Bulgaria since the smaller American element is treated
in exactly the same manner. Oxley states that the Soviet attitude
is deliberate, presumably designed to prevent obtaining of informa-
tion and observation of what the Russians are doing in Bulgaria.
(Caserta 26)
Considerable prominence is given in the Moscow press to dis-
agreemens between the United States and Great Britain. This is in
contrast to Soviet policy during the past year which has been gen-
erally to emphasize the unity among the three major allies and to
play down disagreements, and was undoubtedly reached after discussion
within the Government. (Moscow 24)
YUGOSLAVIA
MacLean reports that many partisans in Belgrade believe the
allies intend to invade Yugoslavia and put down the partisans by
force and that the real aim of UNRRA is to take over administration
along AMG lines. (Caserta 28)
TURKEY
The Turkish Government has officially broken diplomatic and
economic relations with Japan effective January 6th. This move has
received the unanimous support of th National Assembly. (Ankara 14)
FRANCE
General deGaulle has addressed through our Embassy a telegram
to President Roosevelt asking him to intervene in a decision taken
by General Eisenhower to order withdrawal of Devers army group to
the Vosges. A subsequent telegram reports that deGaulle has con-
ferred with Eisenhower and Smith and that they have reached an
agreement on operations in Alsace and Lorraine. (Paris 23, 26)
BELGIUM
It 18 reported that the Atuation in Belgium is serious but
not desperate. There seems to be everywhere & realization of the
need for unity and the untimeliness of political bickering. (Brussels 7)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:DF:MCW
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
January 6, 1945
7:30 a.m.
Sal
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
EUROPEAN ADVISORY COMMISSION
Last Tuesday this Commission instructed the Allied Consultation
Committee to give to the other Allied representatives a summary of
the provisions of the surrender instrument. The Committee may say, if
asked, that the Allies intend to occupy Germany and to establish control
over it, but may not inform the Allied representatives of tentative
arrangements concerning such occupation and control. Winant believes
that this Government should think twice before giving the text of the
surrender instrument at an early date to any Government outside the
European Advisory Commission, since the Germans would derive consider-
able strategic and propaganda advantages from a possible leakage.
(London 188)
FRANCE
Harriman informed by French Minister Garreau that de Gaulle opposed
Churchill's proposal for a tripartite pact consisting of Russia, Great
Britain and France. Also, de Gaulle made it clear to Harriman that he
was poorly impressed with "the crudeness of the Soviet foreign policy".
Harriman does not believe that the French colonial possessions,
particularly Indochina, were a subject of discussion between the French
and the Russians during de Gaulle's visit. (Moscow 38)
RUMANIA
Foreign Minister urges once again a cobelligerent status for his
country. Thus far, "Rumania has received only a series of discourage-
ments". (Bucharest 11)
GREAT BRITAIN
Newspapers play up the Secretary's statement at his press conference
January 4 concerning leakages of official documents. The washington cor-
respondent of the Daily Telegraph writes "far greater laxity exists with
respect to official documents in the United States than in Gritain".
(London 146)
SAUDI ARABIA
Eddy informed that King Abdul Aziz al Saud urges, in signing pan-
Arab protocol, military alliance to protect Arab states against aggression
and, secondly, joint commitment to defend Arab Palestine against Zionism.
In Eddy's opinion, any pro-Zionist move by the United States Government
would be most unfortunate, in view of Axis radio propaganda which grossly
exaggerates United States official support of Zionism. (Jidda 9)
GREECE
Reports received from the British Embassy at Athens indicate that
the military position of the British forces in Greece is steadily
becoming more favorable. British Embassy reports to Foreign Office
that it is too early to judge the Plastiras Government and suggests
restraint on the part of the British press in evaluating new
Government. (London 155)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72 MAR 8 1972
By J. Schauble Date
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file
January 7, 1945
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
YUGOSLAVIA
Ambassador Stevenson called on King Peter at Eden's suggestion and
told him Churchill next week would urge him to sign Tito-Subasic agree-
ments. King Peter wrote to Churchill on January 5 reiterating his ob-
jection to proposed regency and to interim legislative powers for Avnoj.
King wishes the President would cable support of his position to Churchill
before proposed meeting of British Cabinet on January 8. (London-Yugos 4)
GREECE
Field Marshal Alexander annoyed by Churchill's insistence that
further reinforcements be sent to Greece. Although military position in
the Athens-Piraeus area has improved, situation remains unchanged
throughout country. (Caserta 51)
SWITZERLAND
Swiss disturbed by publication of story in New York Herald Tribune
threatening American action against Switzerland because of present Swiss
economic policy. However, they were prompt in discerning that this
story did not reflect an official decision. Swiss standpoint is as
usual staunch defense of Swiss neutrality policy. Legation indicates
that London may be trying to take advantage of American-Swiss tension.
The Evening Standard hints that London may serve as mediator between
the United States and Switzerland. (Bern 81)
CHINA
At meeting on January 5 of Subcommittee of War Crimes Commission,
question was again raised regarding date on which war is to be considered
as having begun in China. Embassy believes that the purpose of the Sub-
committee would be largely vitiated unless date of commencement of war
is regarded as July 8, 1937, and that the Chinese point of view in this
respect should be supported. (Chungking 20)
NETHERLANDS
Hornbeck informed by Dr. van Kleffens that the Netherlands Govern-
ment was preparing a memorandum of comment concerning the Dumbarton
Oaks conference. Dr. van Kleffens indicated that & few of his associates
in the Netherlands Government are not confident of the value of an
international organization. (London-Netherlands Series A-3)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Czechoslovak Government approached by the Soviet Government to
recognize the Lublin Committee "in accordance with Dr. Benes' agree-
ment". (Moscow 63)
S:VJM:MCW
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
file 30
SECRET
January 8, 1945
7:30 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
RUMANIA
The Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs
and President of the Rumanian Armistice Commission called
on General Vinogradov to present Rumanian points of view
concerning deportation of Germans of Rumanian nationality.
Vinogradov indicated that the action contemplated is a
labor draft of persons for work in Russia to increase
war effort and that the transfer from Rumania would be
carried out with the full agreement of the United States
and Great Britain. (Bucharest 19)
BELGIUM
Belgian Government, according to Spaaks, Chef de
Cabinet, is not considering any change in its attitude
toward the Polish Government in London (Brussels 19)
GREECE
It appears that members of the Government announced
January 4 were chosen rather because they were known to
and trusted by the Regent or General Plastiras than
because of political affiliations. (Athens 15)
S:VJM:MCW
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Scheuble Date MAR 8 1972
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WASHINGTON
January 21, 1945
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
ARGENTINA
Reed reports that strike in Argentine packing houses
is clearly political, employees expressing solidarity with
CTAL resolution "for the freedom anti-Fascist patriots
jailed in Argentina" and "against the regime of criminal
torturings". Union of Argentine labor and of all democratic
forces is pledged "to assure triumph of Frigorifico workers
against Nazi-Fascist tryanny of Farrell and Peron".
(Buenos Aires 118)
FRANCE
Paris newspapers unanimously advocate that de Gaulle
be invited to coming "Big 3" conference. Apparent that
French leader's exclusion will be keenly felt by French
press. (Paris 260)
YUGOSLAVIA
Patterson reports that British have not sent Tito
King Peter's telegram proposing meeting at time and place
named by Tito and making counter proposal to his two objec-
tions to Tito-Subasic agreement. Subasic Cabinet unani-
mously supports King's views on composition of Regency Council
and completion of existing legislative body but in view of
King's counter proposal questions whether King still abides
by attitude adopted in his press communique. King will reply
to Subasic that no contradiction exists between his communique
and counter proposal as, while objecting to form of regency in
former, in latter he explains that form of transfer of royal
power should be vested in government nominated constitutionally.
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
MAR 8 1972
By J. Scheuble Date
-2-
King told Patterson that Churchill wishes final reply
as to whether he will sign agreement and that meanwhile
Churchill is holding off Tito and Stalin. King added
that he would persist in his refusal to sign unless his
two objections are met. (London 15, 14)
SWEDEN
Germany has forbidden Danes to have further 1945
trade talks with Swedes. Apparently Germans intend to
isolate Sweden by stopping Norwegian, Danish and German
exports to Sweden and Goteborg safe-conduct traffic as a
counter move to Sweden's failure to invite Germans to
discuss German-Swedish trade for 1945. (Stockholm 250)
PORTUGAL
Lisbon press of January 20 features stories identify-
ing aircraft which attacked Macao as American. Tone of
articles nevertheless uniformly restrained. Censorship
continues to suppress Axis variations of story and also
has not passed Reuter telegram from Macao speaking of
public indignation and giving details of damage. (Lisbon
136)
COSTA RICA
San Jose papers strongly criticize United States
Government for bringing pressure to bear upon European
coffee buyers, particularly Swiss, not to raise their
prices above those paid by U.S. and report that Costa
Rican Coffee Institute has telegraphed coffee interests
in other countries regarding our Government's interven-
tion. Minister of Agriculture gave strong statement to
press protesting American action. (San Jose 49)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
file
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
March 4, 1945
7 a.m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
RUSSIA - POLAND
Harriman concerned over prospect of protracted nature of work of (POLCO)
Commission on Poland; annoyed by conditions made by Mikolajczyk for attendance; and
pessimistic about getting Molotov's approval to inviting Mikolajczyk unless he shows
disposition to cooperate in implementing Crimean decisions. Harriman feels that
British and ourselves should attempt to bring Polish leader into a realistic frame
of mind. (Moscow 618)
FRANCE
Government's press communique expressing ignorance of reported Big Three plan
to create independent Rhineland-Westphalian State believed designed to serve notice
by inference that France must be consulted before any final and binding decisions
can be taken regarding an area about which French Government is extremely sensitive.
(Paris 984)
French Socialist and Communist Parties have published agreement calling for
nationalization of great trusts including banks, electricity, coal mines, etc.
Current conversations between the two parties, however, are said to be progressing
favorably only with regard to broad questions of policy favored by entire Left, as
mutual distrust prevents close collaboration not to mention "fusion". (Paris 987)
ITALY
Action suspended on Yugoslav proposal that Advisory Council for Italy invite
SAC to permit Yugoslavs now serving with Italian labor battalions to proceed
immediately to Yugoslavia to enlist in Tito's army. Delegates request further
instructions from their governments. Russians support Yugoslav view with British
and American representatives on Council strongly opposed. (Rome 588)
GREECE
Regent has completed highly successful visit to Salonika where he was welcomed
by enormous and enthusiastic crowds. Principal purpose of visit was to proclaim
that Macedonia is and must remain an integral part of Greece. (Salonika 26)
SYRIA - LEBANON
British Foreign Office official, with whom Levant situation was discussed in
London, professed satisfaction with our stand on Syrian problem and pointed out
inter-alia that, regarding declarations of war by Syria and Lebanon, British had
warned both governments beforehand that they had not been among countries listed
in Yalta communique, and that there could be no assurance that their declarations
of war would make it possible for them to attain recognition as United Nations.
(London 2163)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
S:REM:MIM
By J. Schemble Date MAR 8 1972
fale
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE SECRETARY
March 11, 1945
7:30 a. m.
SUMMARY OF TELEGRAMS
GERMANY
On March 8 Olsen learned during the course of an unofficial dis-
cussion with Fritz Hesse, German Foreign Office official, that certain
key men in the German High Command at the present time are most recep-
tive to any broad agreement which would humanize the war. Allied
bombing has made 65% of the German population homeless and many
thousands of civilians have been killed. The German High Command
would like to have a quickly-instituted agreement, along the lines of
the Geneva Convention, for the protection of civilian population.
Hesse added that United States talk of world peace and international
security organization is nonsense, since Russia will not only destroy
all hopes of peace and order in Europe for years to come, but will
also be a menace to world peace unparalleled in history. (Stockholm
932)
COLOMBIA
The revolutionary movement is reported to be still very active
and planned for approximately March 16. Wiley reports, however, that
the results of the Mexico City Conference have greatly strengthened
the position of the Government. (Bogota 367)
CHINA
Harriman reports that, while Moscow is not necessarily adverse
to a considerable show of local autonomy in Sinkiang, it means to
achieve sooner or later a preponderant influence over the direction
of government police. The Russians, for reasons of caution, will
operate by preference largely through puppet groups. Harriman
believes that Russian policy will be consistently directed to the
elimination of western influence and western activity from Sinkiang.
(Moscow 690)
SYRIA
The Syrian Foreign Minister has informed Wadsworth that he is
well satisfied with the results of the recent Cairo Arab unity dis-
cussions and that he expects the forthcoming meetings of the
preparatory committee and Arab Congress to go smoothly. Provision
has been made for cultural cooperation with non-member Arab countries,
but no such cooperation will be extended to Moslem India. (Bierut 54)
DECLASSIFIED
State Dept. Letter, 1-11-72
By J. Schenble Date MAR 8 1972
S:VJM:MCW