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DIARY Book 454 October 24 - 27, 1941 Regraded Unclassified - À - Book Page Appointments and Resignations Richards, Karl: To be transferred from Customs Service in Seattle to Defense Savings Staff there - 10/27/41 454 201 - B - Bolivia Sse Latin America Budget, Bureau of Smith's report to Congress on economy: HMJr disapproves as intellectually dishonest - 10/27/41 187 Business Conditions Haas memorandum on situation for week ending October 25, 1941 237 - C - China See War Conditions: China; Foreign Funds Control Correspondence Mrs. Forbush's resume' - 10/24/41 72 - D - Defense, National Appropriations, contract authorizations, and recommendations for fiscal years 1941 and 1942 - 10/27/41 258 Defense Savings Bonde See Financing, Government - 3 - Ecuador See Latin America - Pr. - Financing, Government United States Housing Administration: Temporary financing okayed by Treasury pending legislation clarifying $800 million borrowing limitation - 10/24/41 64 Regraded Unclassified - 1- (Continued) Book Page Financing, Government (Continued) Defense Savings Bonds: Progress report - 10/24/41 454 66 Field Organization News Letter, No. 23 - 10/24/41 141 - Comparative statement of sales during first twenty-one business days of August, September, and October, 1941 - 10/24/41 149 Wouk, Herman: Thanks HMJr for sending copy of his poem, "The Rhyme of the BB-66" to FDR - 10/27/41 233 Fisher, Irving See Revenue Revision France See War Conditions - G - - Gold See War Conditions - H - - Hong Kong See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control Honolulu See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control - I - Inflation See War Conditions Iron Ore, Philippine See War Conditions: Japan - J - Japan See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control; Japan - K - Klaus, Samuel To be placed under Foley's supervision - still to work for Gaston - 10/27/41 176 Regraded Unclassified - L - Book Page Latin America Bolivia: Stabilization Agreement discussed by Bolivian Minister and Dietrich - 10/24/41 454 104 Ecusdor: Stabilization Agreement discussed by Ecuadorean Ambassador and White - 10/24/41 105 Peru: Japanese and German banking operations report on - 10/24/41 106 - M - - Manila See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control - N - - Nelson, Donald "Will not stand up under fire": HMJr to FDR - 10/27/41 206 - 0 - Office of Facts and Figures Establishment of by Executive Order - - 10/24/41 54 a) MacLeish's letter to HMJr - 10/27/41 286 (See also Book 456, page 51 - - 10/30/41) - P - - Peru See Latin America Philippine Iron Ore See War Conditions: Japan Price Control See War Conditions: Inflation Procurement Division British Purchasing Mission assigns representatives to work in department - - 10/24/41 90 - R - - Revenue Revision Fisher, Irving: Blough resume' of plan not to tax savings - 10/24/41 45 Tax Amortization Statute: Nelson, Henderson, and Odlum suggested by Wayne Coy to FDR to carry out responsibility of Office of Production Management with respect to administration of - 10/27/41 250,255 Regraded Unclassified - R - (Continued) Book Page Richards, Karl See Appointments and Resignations Rubenstein, Arthur See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control - S - Shanghai See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control Switzerland See War Conditions: Gold - T - Taxation See Revenue Revision - U - Unemployment Relief Work Projects Administration report for week ending October 15, 1941 454 234 United States Housing Administration See Financing, Government - V - Viner, Jacob Suggestion that he go on "leave without pay" status vetoed by HMJr - 10/24/41 43 - W - War Conditions Airplanes: Shipments to United Kingdom and overseas commands - British Air Commission report - 10/27/41 284 China: Exports of United States-outline of policy-- transmitted to American Embassy, London, for British Government - 10/24/41 120 Exchange market resume' - 10/24/41, etc 125,162,318 Export Control: Exports of petroleum products, scrap iron, and scrap steel from United States to Japan, Russia, Spain, and Great Britain, week ending October 25, 1941 294 Exports to Russia, China, Burma, Japan, France, and other blocked countries, as reported to Treasury during week ending October 18, 1941 - White report - 10/27/41 295 Regraded Unclassified - W - (Continued) Book Page War Conditions (Continued) Foreign Funds Control: Honolulu, Manila, Shanghai, and Hong Kong: Treasury group visits in connection with freezing in Japan and China - Foley report - 10/24/41 454 29 a) Description of trip - 11/1/41: See Book 457, page 11 Rubenstein, Arthur: HMJr aske Pehle to help - 10/27/41 210,227 France: Plan for continued service on French Government 7% bonds in United States discussed in cable from American Embassy, Vichy - 10/27/41 320 Gold: Switzerland: Transfer of part of Swiss National Bank's gold now in United States to Switzerland discussed in cable from American Legation, Bern - 10/27/41 303 Inflation: Merrillat report: Press comment on prices and wage control following Canada's over-all order - 10/24/41 31 Japan: Philippine Iron Ore: Export may be stopped by United States and simultaneously British export of Burmese ore to be stopped - 10/25/41 153 Lend-Lease: Mack report - 10/24/41 78 Military Planning: Reports from London transmitted by Halifax - 10/24/41, 10/27/41 126,322,324 War Department bulletin: German Infantry Assault Battalion - 10/24/41 129 Purchasing Mission: Representatives assigned to work in Procurement Division - 10/24/41 90 Vesting order sales - 10/27/41 282,283 Work Projects Administration See Unemployment Relief Wouk, Herman See Financing, Government: Defense Savings Bonds Regraded Unclassified 1 October 24, 1941 10:15 a.m. RE FOOD SPECULATION Present: Mr. Haas Mrs. Klotz Mr. Foley Mr. Kuhn Mr. Pehle Mr. Mehl Mr. Shields Mr. Bagnel H.M.Jr: What will we do for fifteen minutes? Mehl: Mr. Secretary, we have done a little thinking about these small accounts. As I indicated the other day, it is rather 8. normal thing to find dentists and doc- tors and lawyers in the commodity markets. We rather agree with you that in times like this a speculative movement on the part of the small traders can get under way simply because some war news, excitement, - and I don't think I told you that under our Act me do not have power to fix margins, and one of the breaks on speculative trading on the part of dentists and lawyers and barbers and that sort of people is 8 high margin requirement. Without debating the question of whether or not there should be some speculation in order to carry the hedgers, to maintain & normal market machinery, including a system of Regraded Unclassified 2 - 2 - future trading, we are certainly justified in insisting that speculators, risk carriers, be of substantial character, that they have enough money back of their trades to be able to stand recessions in the market, and try to get a little better type of trader into the market, or rather keep out the fellows who don't know the risk that they assume. H.M.Jr: Well, could I -- Mehl: I discussed that question with Secretary Wickard this morning, the desirability -- H.M.Jr: You spoke to him? Mehl: Yes, of pushing for legislation, to give the Government that authority, and he indicated that we might invite your views. H.M.Jr: Well, let me - I have done & lot of thinking about this thing. I went all through this in the Farm Credit days when the President asked me to stabilize the price of wheat. I don't know whether you know this story or not. He got worried one night and called me up. Mr. Wallace came to the house at midnight and they authorized me to buy twenty-five million bushels of wheat. One day in four minutes I bought six million bushels and almost fainted. It was at five minutes of twelve on a Saturday. I have had a little experience. Who is in charge in these futures? Mehl: Dr. Duggan. H.M.Jr: Let me ask you this. I know this goes pretty deep. Let's assume that we have - there is a fifty-fifty chance that we are Regraded Unclassified 3 . 3 - going to get in a war. We are in an undeclared war now. The President issued orders September 11 to shoot on sight, so we are in an undeclared war. Let's say we go 8. step further. I know the story. I am looking at this thing from the standpoint of what is good for a hundred and thirty million people. Why must we permit speculation in food and the staples of life at all? I mean, why must people be permitted to speculate in lard, potatoes and all of these things? Supposing the Adminis- tration said we considered that this was bad practice and keeps the price of food fluctuating. Let me be the proponent of that. How much damage would-it do to the cotton mill who has the cotton goods going through, and the miller who has the flour going through, and so forth and so on, if we simply said, "From now on, no speculation in commodities"? Mehl: Well, in the absence of price fixing, Mr. Secretary, I feel that the immediate effect of prohibiting speculation in commodity futures would immediately widen the margin between consumer prices and producer prices. H.M.Jr: Have you got any experience to base that on? Mehl: No, but I think we have a fairly logical line of reasoning, and that is this: Cotton and wheat start to move from the farm in wagon- load and truckload lots. The price risk attached to those quantities is not great. A local elevator, for example, will buy a wagonload or a truckload of wheat, and a margin of five or six cents a bushel covers his overhead and a fair margin of profit. It may not make much difference to the financial stability of that company, a small dealer who trades in those lots, if he stands open a day, even if the market moves five cents. Regraded Unclassified 4 - 4 - He can't lose B. lot. But when those wagon- loads of wheat move to the terminal markets and move into the hands of people who have ownership in terms of millions of bushels, and who turn wheat, who are glad to turn wheat in lots of two hundred and fifty thousand bushels for a quarter of 8 cent a bushel, they can't possibly take the risk of a price change of five and ten cents a bushel. It means bankruptcy. So that these market risks concentrate and grow, you might say, in geometric ratio as the commodity moves into the central market. Someone has to carry the risk. Now, the fundamental question in my mind is, shall we force the large handlers to take and carry the risks that they are most anxious to avoid? Isn't it reasonable - true, the futures market, you should permit these large risks to be broken up again into small parts and carried by those who are willing carriers, speculators, if you please? I know you can debate that question. H.M.Jr: Well, I am not at all sure, because - I mean, let's call a spade a spade. As the situation is now, we are willing to let the dentist and the butcher and the gasoline fellow take a week's contract in cotton in order to eliminate this risk, but it is a two-edged sword. Now, of course you have eliminated the risk when you put in B. floor at either eighty-five per cent or a hundred per cent loan, so you put a floor under that. I just wondered if people understood the thing thoroughly, that we are saying, "All right, boys, the Government Regraded Unclassified 5 - 5 - thinks it is & good thing that you go in and speculate"? Mehl: Well, now, Mr. Secretary, you have provided a floor in so far as the farmer is concerned, and we have not had this, that when the loan prices of other - well, the commercial price, of course, the commodity moves into the loan but there comes a time that the loan starts and has got to move back into commercial channels unless the Government is going into the business of merchandising that stuff, and when that happens, Mr. Secretary, you find the hedging positions of mills and terminal elevators going short and on the long side you find the speculators coming in and carrying -- H.M.Jr: You see, I have had another experience I want to tell you. I went all through this with the foreign exchange people and I just wiped them out. You see, every argument that you are using here now was used by the man who did business in international foreign exchange, and we have eliminated him. He doesn't exist. When they talk about international bankers, people don't know what they are talking about. What they really mean are the international speculators in foreign exchange that are willing to sell any country short if they thought that that country was a little weak. They would sell that country's exchange short and aggravate the situation, and many a time they brought a downfall of government, just the way - very extra triple confidentially - somebody has made the suggestion - I mean this is - that we go short in Japanese yen, to aggravate the situation, you see. Now, who is doing that? I have got & two billion 6 - 6 - dollar Stabilization Fund, and I am in this business instead of the speculator. We had a tri-partite agreement with England and France just to eliminate this thing. Now, what I am groping for - I mean, there was no more vermin than the dealer in foreign exchange. He knew no flag, he knew no country. He was the low of the low, and his job was to smell out if 8 certain country was weak, and if that poor country was weak, he just aggravated it by going short in that exchange, and many a government fell, due to the international speculator that had offices in London, Berlin, Paris, and Amsterdam. Now, we wiped that fellow out. We stabilized the dollar and Congress has given me two billion dollars, and I have made money at it. Now, it isn't beyond the realms of possibility that the Department of Agriculture should have a Stabilization Fund to take the risk out of cotton and wheat while this thing is going to go through. I am just throwing it out. Why isn't that within the realms of possibility? And eliminate - I don't want to call them names, but instead of encouraging the little fellow who has taken a terrible licking this last two weeks, to buy potatoes and lard and so forth and 80 on - I mean, why isn't that within the realms, that the Department of Agriculture should be given 8. hundred million dollars in order to take this cushion? Mehl: You mean to provide the price insurance facilities that are now provided by the speculator? H.M.Jr: Yes. Mehl: I wouldn't argue about that. Regraded Unclassified 7 - 7 - H.M.Jr: What is the matter with that? Instead of going to Congress to increase the margin, go to Congress to get an insurance fund to take the risk out of this thing so that if the man buys his cotton at seventeen cents, the commodity is going to go through, that this thing is - that you take this risk. What is the matter with that idea? I mean, go the whole hog. Mehl: I have no objection to the Government becom- ing the insurer and taking the place of the speculator. H.M.Jr: Isn't that a good idea? Mehl: I don't like to be in the position of defend- ing the speculator, because most of the time we are jumping on them. H.M.Jr: You and I at the moment are. And if the people really knew what you and I are doing, we would have a - pardon me, Mrs. Klotz - a hell of a time explaining. Wickard could never explain it, no more than I can explain what I have been doing unknowingly through frozen funds. Wickard never could explain it. It isn't a very good example, but we have an insurance fund here. I wasn't going to give all this insurance business to the monopoly of insurance people in England. Am I right? Foley: Yes. H.M.Jr: We have an insurance fund, and just to give you a little story, just for a little amusement, the Swiss thought that they could beat the game with Lloyd's Insurance, so they sent one brick of gold from Switzerland Regraded Unclassified 8 - 8 - by parcel post. It is the only brick of gold that has ever disappeared. It was stolen. It never happened before, and it has never happened since. But they sent it by parcel post insured, instead of insuring with Lloyds. That brick of gold disappeared. Well, it worried them naturally, so they never did it again. So we got out and we have the authority. We insure ourselves. We don't go to these people, and we don't pay that insurance. I mean, I am just using that - just the way you can do this thing. What do you gentlemen think? Bagnel: It seems to me there no question that if you include the price fixing element, which it seems to me is what you are doing, insurance is in effect Government price fixing, or at least Government price guaranteeing, then -- H.M.Jr: No, that isn't it. I am talking about an insurance fund which will take the risk for the manufacturer who is processing a commodity while it is going through his plant. Bagnel: Well, in effect for that manufacturer that would be substantially 8. price guarantee, wouldn't it? H.M.Jr: Well, it simply would mean that if this fellow bought the cotton at seventeen cents that you would give him some kind of a guarantee that if the process takes two weeks or three weeks, that - if it goes down, the Government would have to take a loss, that is all. We would guarantee him against loss, a differential. It would be worked out some way like that. Mehl: It would put the Government practically in the position of selling privileges, wouldn't it, options? Regraded Unclassified 9 - 9 - Bagnel: Well, substantially, I would say. It would give them a call or option on - if it did go below seventeen cents, this manufacturer would look to the Government to recompense him. H.M.Jr: Well, I am thinking of the philosophy. I am thinking - now take sugar coating. Where does it leave Mr. Wickard and me? We are in an indefensible position, if the public really knew what we were sanctioning. They never could explain it. Pagnel: Well, it has the effect, doesn't it, of passing a risk to the Government that is now being carried by these small speculators? H.M.Jr: That is right. Also removing whatever the aggregate of these small speculators are in pushing the thing up. Bagnel: I think it is clear that there is a risk existing in any of these commodities. That is, somebody is going to speculate. It is either the processor or the dentist and the barber, or the Government. H.M.Jr: That is right. Ragnel: Now, the processor doesn't want to speculate. He doesn't want to - he lets the barber and dentist do it for him. You would tell the barber and the dentist,' You have got no business doing this sort of thing, and the Government is going to take care of it." I think that could be done. H.M.Jr: I am not a technician. In the foreign exchange thing I know how to do it. But for two days I have been worrying about this thing, and I find myself in an impossible position Regraded Unclassified 10 - 10 - on the matter of public relations if I tried to explain it, and Mr. Wickard is in it just ten times worse if he stops to think about it. Shields: Well, I am not competent to speak on this, I don't understand it all, but doesn't what you are saying, Mr. Secretary, really involve either price fixing as such, or so manipulating this fund that the price is fixed in effect? I think our general view has been that we think it is desirable for markets to fluctuate, say from eighty-five per cent of parity to a little above, so they will average out about that. Now, if I understand the analysis of what you are saying, it would be that we would have to use this fund in such & way as to fix the price at a point - we would have to fix it at a point. Now, isn't that true? H.M.Jr: You are not going to remove the thing, this question of supply and demand, but you might - after all, you have got a ten cent limit in wheat now, which I think, if you don't mind, is entirely too high, to permit a play of ten ents. Shields: I think we would sort of agree with you. H.M.Jr: I can't look the thing up. But supposing you said that - I keep drawing from my own exper- ience - that over a period of thirty days that if a man bought a contract, that that contract might not fluctuate more than so many cents, and that he couldn't sell it under thirty cents. We sell 8. man a United States Defense Bond. If you go back to war days, he could buy it Regraded Unclassified 11 - 11 - and sell it. He can't sell it any more. We make him keep it for sixty days. In other words, we removed the speculation of the small man in Government bonds. Here is another case. We completely removed the speculation, so that we won't put on the drive and the fellow found he over-bought and then have to sell out at eighty-three. Now, I have successfully removed that, and if I can do it there, I can do it in foreign exchange. I can't write the ticket, but I think I am on the right track. I am not a technician in wheat, but if the fellow couldn't get in and out the same day, if he had to keep the contract - you say it takes thirty days to go through a cotton mill, and if he had to keep the contract for thirty days or two weeks and then the price was limited, that it could fluctuate within a few cents, something like that. Shields: My point I just wanted to make, I believe that if we could avoid it, we would like to avoid price fixing. H.M.Jr: Me too. Shields: That is the reason we are opposed to hundred per cent loans. It seems to me that is the same as price fixing. I think it is very bad. H.M.Jr: I am glad to hear you say that. Shields: And we are opposed to speculating in these markets, and I think we need more authority than we have to stop it, such as the ten cent limit and that sort of thing. Regraded Unclassified 12 - 12 - H.M.Jr: Well, that is fixed by Mr. Mehl. Mehl: No, we have no authority. H.M.Jr: You used to be able to change it. Mehl: No, the exchanges did it on our suggestion. We fought with them about it, but we never had any legal authority to do it. H.M.Jr: But if you said, "Tomorrow it is five cents," wouldn't they do it? Mehl: I+ is possible under these conditions. H.M.Jr: Sure, they would. Shields: We think there are several legal powers that we ought to have that we don't now have, and have done some work on them in the past. We are opposed to this speculation of the banker and dentist and so forth, but as I see it, we are anxious to avoid price fixing. Now, it seems to me - I don't understand it very well - that what you are saying is that either by law or fiat, some way, we fix the price or else we take 8 fund and use it in such a way as to peg the price. Now, unless we can peg it and peg it pretty securely, it seems to me that what you (Mehl) have said would be true, the margins would have to be increased because there would be the risk. Maybe I don't under- stand this. H.M.Jr: Look, this is the way I work in the Treasury. I don't think anybody in the room will disagree as to the fact that if knowingly or unknowingly we encourage people to speculate in food, it is wrong. Shields: Oh, yes. I think we all agree that that is sin and we are all against sin, but the question is just what we should do about it. Regraded Unclassified 13 - 13 - H.M.Jr: Now, in the Treasury we have been able to completely eliminate the speculator in foreign exchange and we have been able to eliminate the speculator in government bonds up to five thousand dollars. Now, it took technicians to do that, it took months to do it. I am not a technician in the speculation of food, but I an sure you have people who could work it out. We didn't do it in a day. It took us three months to work out the technical aspects to eliminate - I mean, we were actually on the thing three months until we worked out a way, how to eliminate the speculation for the small person in government bonds, but we have done it and everybody is happy. Bagnel: I think it would be much more difficult to eliminate speculative risks in a commodity because it seems to me you have one there based on crop conditions and all the innumerable things, that somebody has to carry. H.M.Jr: And I think if we want to eliminate it until this war is over, I think it is up to the Government to carry it. Mehl: I think it is an error to assume, though, that you can prohibit speculation by prohibiting it in futures, by keeping out the dentist and the doctor. I am not so sure but by that course you drive speculation into the actual commodities -- H.K.Jr: I will give you another example. Excuse me. I did it in silver and I was under the most terrific barrage, wasn't I? You can't buy a future in silver. Handy and Harmon in New York and all the silver people, I ruled their business and they had their Congressmen and Senators here and the idea was, you just can't do it. Regraded Unclassified 14 - 14 - Mehl: But you did something more, Mr. Secretary, than to prohibit trading in silver futures. You were dealing with silver as a commodity also. H.M.Jr: True, but I stopped . - did I have the law to do it? How did I do it, Ed? Foley: That was before my time, Mr. Secretary. Pehle: It was done under regulation, but the regulations have all been lifted and all that is left now is the fifty percent tax on profits, which is one of the effective ways of stopping it. H.M.Jr: But I did it. Pehle: That is right. H.M.Jr: And I set the price every day at noon, from day to day. Well, we did it through the tax. We made it so that if you won you took fifty percent and if you lost you took it all. All I am saying is, and then we will get on this other thing, it took me three months to do it in the government bond thing, and I am sure that the people over there are smart enough that if Mr. Wickard says, didn't realize that I was the current speculator in food, I want to get out of that position" - and if he say, "Boys, get busy and get me out of it," I am sure you fellows can get him out of it. Mehl: You are right. Shields: I am inclined to think that we can do more, perhaps, than we have, Mr. Secretary. I think that is probably true - but perhaps even more with the authority that we have. I am not a technician. I don't know. We certainly are with you in the objective, and want to. As to Regraded Unclassified 15 - 15 - this price fixing, I don't believe - if that is what it involves -- H.M.Jr: No -- Shields: ...wholly, I don't think we would agree with that. H.M.Jr: No, I wasn't thinking of that at all. Now, could we leave this thing here and then you - could I hear from Mr. Pehle where we stand as speculators in food? Pehle: Well, we have a general license outstanding, Mr. Secretary, as you know now. During August 1941, which is the latest month for which we have complete figures, under that general license we have computed the figures on the six principal commodities and of those figures it shows that the highest amount of any commodity in which the transactions were conducted under this general license was lard, where two point three percent of the total trading was done in blocked funds. H.M.Jr: Lard, on my weekly chart, has had one of the highest increases since September of any single commodity. Haas: That is a fairly good sized figure. Mehl, on your figure that you get on cotton, it is only two or three percent of all the big operators. That is all it amounts to, isn't it? Mehl: In the case of lard? Haas: Not lard, but cotton. Pehle: In cotton the percentage of blocked funds was point eighteen of one percent. Kuhn: But your point is that the two point in cotton was enough to swing the whole market. Regraded Unclassified 16 - 16 - Haas: That constituted all those big operators you get reports on. They constitute three percent of the total trading. Pehle: This was eighteen one hundredths in cotton. Haas: Cotton, yes, but the other commodity there was -- Pehle: Two point three percent of the total trading was done under - now, of that, seven million pounds were purchased and five million pounds sold, so two million pounds was carried over, was the aggregate. The total trading was three hundred twenty-three million pounds. It was sold and it. was dealt in during the month of August. Under our licenses, seven million pounds were purchased and five million pounds were sold. So that is the greatest amount. In wheat, it was six hundredths of one percent, the amount of blocked funds used. In cotton, it was point eighteen percent. In sugar, it was one point six percent; cotton- seed oil, thirty-eight hundredths of one percent and in soy beans, one point eight percent. H.M.Jr: That is just for August? Pehle: That is for August, yes sir. H.M.Jr: Have you got anything else? Pehle: Yes, sir. H.M.Jr: What have you got? Pehle: In addition to what is done under the general license, we have a number of people who are operating under our licenses entirely who do Regraded Unclassified 17 - 17 - commodity futures operations under the license, such as Laval Company, which is a blocked national because it is owned by Louis Dreyfus, States Grain Corporation, which we have as a blocked national, Continental Grain, Feedley Brothers, one or two others. All of those in addition to those figures will be doing some trading in commodities, although their license limits them to trading that is in accordance with the normal conduct of their business. H.M.Jr: But they are licensed brokers? Pehle: They are licensed dealers, that is right, but they deal for their own account too. H.M.Jr: Well, what would you gentlemen think if just as a first move we served notice today that these people should clean up their accounts by the evening of the thirty-first? Bagnel: Would that include your special licenses, like Continental and States? H.M.Jr: No -- Pehle: I should think those ought to be treated particularly carefully. H.M.Jr: Separately. Bagnel: It seems to me it shouldn't. H.M.Jr: No, the individuals. No, I would wait on those until I got word from Mr. Wickard on his whole policy. There is no reason why we should treat those people for the moment any differently than you would John Jones, who was in the business. Pehle: Mr. Secretary, that is true also of some of the Regraded Unclassified - 18 - 18 people that are operating under this general license. Some of those people are people who have funds here and which they want to invest for some reason in the market. We are treating blocked nationals different from Americans when we say they can't put their money into commodity futures. H.M.Jr: But -- Fehle: It is a different case, I agree, than the States Grain and those people whose sole business is that. H.M.Jr: We could do the thing in two steps. Mehl: I should think that dealing with the foreign nationals can be justified on the grounds that you are not going to permit them to dissipate these funds through speculation in futures. Pehle: On the ground of dissipation, I think, is pretty thin. Foley: Not on that ground. Mehl: From our standpoint, of course, we wouldn't regard speculative trading on the part of nationals, that is, individually, any more vicious than its effect on market prices of trading by American citizens. It is a question of whether it is manipulative trading or whether it is in large enough amount to distort the price structure. H.M.Jr: I would do this thing - I am willing to do this thing solely on the grounds that I think it is bad for the morale of the country to permit people to speculate in food. Now, I can only control those people whose funds I can control. Mehl: You are going to put the Department of Agriculture Regraded Unclassified - 19 - 19 on the spot. H.M.Jr: I am not going to make any public announcement. Mehl: No, I know. H.M.Jr: Because I am not coming out publicly and say that - I mean, no public announcement will be made in connection with this thing, but frankly, since I found out that thing has worried me more than anything that has happened in 8. long time, because I have just been brought up not to leave crusts of bread on the thing or throw it away and I have also been brought up-to believe that it is immoral to speculate in food. I mean, it just goes against every grain in me. I mean, I just can't believe in these times, where people are hungry and we are trying to buy food to send to England and having great difficulty to do it, and I am aggravating the situation. And the lard that is going to Europe has increased in price and so forth and so on, and that makes it that much more difficult. To me it is - I mean, I am not going to say what the Department of Agriculture should do other than the way I have today, to bring it forcefully to your attention, but I am not going to say anything publicly. But this is my responsibility and I don't feel that it is moral. That is the way I feel. Bagnel: In the absence of fairly complete government control, Mr. Secretary, isn't it more a matter of who is going to speculate than it is of whether someone is going to speculate? H.M.Jr: No. I don't want to seem too preachy, but I don't want - I mean, after all, I have just got a little segment of this thing that is completely Regraded Unclassified 20 - 20 - within my control. I only heard about it when Mr. Pehle brought it to my attention two days ago. Now that I do know about it, I don't want to be approving the speculation in this way. Bagnel: The point I was trying to make was, it seems to me you have this inherent price risk in these commodities and the question is whether that risk is to be carried by one of the three classes we mentioned a minute ago, the processors and merchandisers, the barber and beggar, or the Government. It seems to me when we say the Department or anyone else is encouraging specul- ation, perhaps we are not entirely right, that there is inherent speculation in the commodities in spite of anything we can do. Shields: Of course, there is no objection, is there - do you see any objection why the Secretary shouldn't take the action which he proposes with respect to these funds? They are in his control and, as I see it, there is speculation. I guess there is no doubt about that. It doesn't arise from B. natural business transaction in which you feel the market is playing a real part. Bagnel: Oh, from the point of view of these funds, it seems to me it would be a constructive step. H.M.Jr: I am just talking about my own responsibility. I have got a little piece of it. This was brought to my attention two days ago. I worried about it. Everybody connected with me is worried about it now that we realize what it is. Shields: You agree with that, don't you? Mehl: Oh yes. H.M.Jr: Now, all I would like to do is - I don't know Regraded Unclassified 21 - 21 - whether you want to go higher up. Have you people any objection to my getting out orders tonight that I want these people to liquidate their position by the thirty-first? Mehl: I see no objection to it. As a matter of fact, I think that part of the trade would approve that step. Bagnel: I think some consideration should be given to people that Mr. Pehle mentioned, such as Continental Grain and States and things like that. H.M.Jr: I want to go into that next, but I have got to go into it with you people. Shields: Yes, I think that is in line with what we would be thinking about, those kind of cases. H.M.Jr: That would be the next thing, but I think at that state I would like to sit down with Mr. Wickard. Shields: Yes, we would like to have a little time to mull this over and then the Secretary, I am sure, would like to talk to you about it. H.M.Jr: I would love to come out publicly but my skirts aren't clean. I can't do it. I would love to feed it to the press but I am not in a position to. Shields: I think the effect of the whole thing would probably be better if it was done right away, since we are considering the rest of the problem. Mehl: In fact, it would be less violent on the market in its effect. H.M.Jr: Would I have to call up Mr. Wickard or is it all right? Regraded Unclassified 10 22 - 22 - Shields: I think it is perfectly all right. I will talk to him as soon as I get back. H.M.Jr: Let's put it this way. I will instruct Mr. Pehle to draw up the orders. If we don't hear from you by two o'clock -- Shields: Fine, fine. H.M.Jr: ...the orders will go out, -- Shields: Fine. H.M.Jr: ...as affecting individuals. Shields: Yes, that is fine. H.M.Jr: And don't you think you could give a person a week to adjust himself? Klotz: I think -- Pehle: Does that mean that someone who has a position has to get out in a week? H.M.Jr: Yes. Klotz: I think it is short notice. H.M.Jr: You think it is short notice? Klotz: I think SO. Pehle: Is there any reason to force people who have taken a position to liquidate their position or is it enough to say that beginning whatever time we want to say -- Foley: The thirty-first of October. Pehle: No one can buy under that license? Regraded Unclassified 23 - 23 - H.M.Jr: No, no, I want them to get out. Shields: You might compromise there and say beginning then there will be no trading, and positions now held must be liquidated before November first. Pehle: It seems to me that is a very short time to ask them to liquidate their position in because there will be a diminution of blocked funds if you make a break in the market. Shields: I meant December first. After November first there would be no more transactions entered into and we would liquidate existing ones by December first. Mehl: Why not issue an order, effective immediately, prohibiting new trade in blocked accounts, and giving a longer time in which to liquidate? H.M.Jr: That would be all right. That is all right. Klotz: That is all right. H.M.Jr: Well, let's say the order goes out that nobody can put any new money into the thing and give them until - have I got to give them all of November? Shields: I don't know what is fair. Pehle: As long as no new money is going in, I don't see why we can't give them all of November. Mehl: I think I would favor a little longer time in which to liquidate. Otherwise, some opposing market interest might take advantage. H.M.Jr: Well, then give them until November twenty-ninth Regraded Unclassified - 24 - 24 to liquidate. That certainly gives them - that is five weeks, what? Mehi: Sounds all right to me. H.M.Jr: Well, let's get out orders that nobody can buy any more stuff and we will give them until the twenty-ninth of November to get out. Certainly that gives them five weeks. Ruhn: Is this in all foodstuffs or in all commodities? All commodities. Pehle: I think we would like to work on the technical phases of that with the Agriculture people because we haven't ipso facto any right to take people - we can tell them what they can't do, but we haven't any right to tell then that you have to do this, you have to get out. What we mean is that after the thirty day period has expired, if you want to move, then you have got to get a specific license and we can warn them as to what we are going to do if they don't get out within a thirty day period, but I think it is something we will have to work out the details of. H.M.Jr: You mean you can't force them out? Pehle: I think we will have to study it to be sure we can. Foley: It is not our money. It is really their money. We can restrict the uses to which they put the money. Pehle: If someone had bought General Motors security we couldn't make them sell General Motors, but we could say, "After you hold it & certain length of time you have got to get a specific license before you can sell." I think that is a delicate -- Regraded Unclassified - 25 - 25 H.M.Jr: Well, work on it. But certainly you can tell them that, effective at once, they can't buy any more. Foley: That is right. Bagnel: And even that will make many of them get out. Pehle: Oh - well, the turnover is tremendous each month, so if we stop them from putting any new money in, in a short time these contracts will mature and they will be automatically out. H.M.Jr: Now, would you tell Mr. Wickard we would like to continue the study very rapidly of these foreign brokers that are here in these things. I would like to study that. Then we can give him the experience we have had in silver and the experience we have had in foreign exchange and we can give him the experience how we insure gold shipments. Shields: Suppose I tell him the substance of our conver- sation, Mr. Secretary, and then after we have several days or & week, say, to mull this over, I suggest that he call you and the two of you have & talk about it. H.M.Jr: Would you do that? Shields: Yes, and I am sure he would like to. H.M.Jr: Because I really think that once he appreciates what he is sitting on he will feel just as strongly as I do. Shields: All right, I will be glad to do that. H.M.Jr: Thank you very much. Regraded Unclassified 26 TREASURY DEPARTMENT Washington FOR ILTEDIATE RELEASE Press Service Friday, October 24, 1941 No. 20-22 The Treasury Department today announced the amendment of General License No. 9 issued under the freezing order and relating to the purchase and sale of commodity futures contracts for the accounts of blocked nationals. The amended license permits transactions only for the purpose of covering short positions or liqui- dating long positions taken prior to October 25, 1941. -o00- Regraded Unclassified 27 TREASURY DEPARTMENT Office of the Secretary October 24, 1941 GENERAL LICENSE NO. 9, A3 AMENDED, UNDER EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 8389, APRIL 10, 1940, A3 AMENDED, AND REGULATIONS ISSUED PURSUANT T HERETO, RELATING TO TRANSACTIONS IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE, ETC. General License No. 9 18 amended to read 28 follows: (1) A general license 1s hereby granted authorizing the bona fide purchase and sale of commodity futures contracts and of evidences of ownership of actual commodities on an exchange or board of trade within the United States by bank- ing institutions within the United States, for the account of nationals of any blocked country, pursuant to the instruc- tions of such nationals, and necessary transfers or other dealings in evidences of ownership of commodities, transfers of credit and payments between accounts in banking institu- tions within the United States as required in conne ction with such purchases or sales or because of fluctuations in the market value of the commodities covered by such con- tracts or evidences of ownership, provided that: (a) No such purchase shall be made except for the purpose of covering a short position taken prior to October 25, 1941, in the account of the national for whom the purchase 18 made; (b) No such sale shall be made except for the * Part 131; - Sec. 5 (b), 40 Stat. 415 end 966; Sec. 2, 48 Stat. 1; 54 Stat. 179; Ex. Order 8389, April 10, 1940, as amended by Ex. Order 8785, June 14, 1941; and Ex. Order 8832, July 26, 1941; Regulations, April 10, 1940, as amended June 14, 1941, and July 26, 1941. - 2 - 28 purpose of liquidating a long position taken prior to October 25, 1941, in the account of the national for whom the sale 1s made; and (c) In the case of either purchase or sale the net proceeds of the transaction are credited to a blocked account in the name of the national for whose account the transaction was effected and in the banking institution within the United States which maintains the account for which the transaction was effected. (2) Each banking institution engaging in any transaction herein authorized is required to file promptly with the appropriate Federal serve Bank monthly reports showing the details of each such transaction, including B. description of the commodity futures contracts or evidences of ownership of actual commodities purchased or sold; the dates of the purchases or sales, the persons for whose account the pur- chases or sales were made, the price at which each purchase was made, the name of the exchanze or board of trade on which each such ransaction was effected, and the net market position in the commodity in question of the national for whose account the transaction was effected before such transaction and a fter such transaction. E. H. FOLEY, JR. Acting Secretary of the Treasury. Regraded Unclassified 29 TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1841. Who becretary TO FROM :oley, Jr. L. C. Aarons of my staff has just returned from a trip to onolulu, anila, Long none, and Shanghai. I should like to report briefly on his activities. Aaroas left Washington on July 25, the day before 128 freezing of Japan and China. Eis function was BS head of E Treasury proup to organize a local foreign funds control office in lonolulu and anila. One of our principal purposes in sendlar out these men, was to make sure that at least at the outset no economic upheaval would be caused on the Selands by the freezing order. The original group consisted of two nen from W staff, two from Harry White's staff, two from P. Fehle's, and two bank examiners. Aarons spent five days at Sonolulu and during that time His proup WES able to conduct an educational camnaign, to set up an organization, to quiet the original alarm felt for the relatively large Japanese and Chinese copulation, and to start the issuance of licenses. At the present time we have & staff of five at Conolulu, including two bank examiners. At anila, Aarons and his proup worked as part of the den Commissioner's staff. Before the freezing of Javan and Chine there had been 8. small local staff at anila. The increased volume and complexity of work after July 26 in connection with the oriental problems made it necessary to organize alons new lines at anila, to delegate much more responsibility, and to deal with problems beculiar to the Philippines because of the preponderance of Chinese living there. Within less than three weeks after the arrival of our TOUD there, the backlog of applications was cleaned up, the banking community had been "educated" as to the new general licenses, controls had been set un in the Jananese banks, a system of exchange of intelligence information had Regraded Unclassified 30 - 2 - been arranged with the British authorities at Singapore and Jone nong, a control of re-exports of U.S. manufactured goods had been inaugurated (our group working with Excort Control), and local general licenses had been issued dealing with problems unique to the Philippines. At present there are six Treasury men at anila, including two bank examiners. Aarons left Manila about August 27 for Shanghai, via hong nong. It had been intended that he would serve as temporary adviser on freezing matters to Ir. Fox's assistant, P. Taylor, at Shanghai. At Γ. Fox's suggestion Aarons stayed ten days in Hong Long, during the time .r. Fox was at anila, and while at llong Rong, Aarons familiarized himself with the problems and background of the Stabilization Board and with some of the effects of our freezing as applied to How Long. When ... Fox returned to llong Kong about September 8, Aarons proceeded alone to Shanghai (Taylor re- maining with ox at Hong Kong). During his three weeks at Shanghai Aarons worked in close collaboration with the Consul General and with r. Richolson. Me interviewed the officers of twenty-three Shanghai banks, representatives of almost all business groups, and quite a few individual business men. His me oranda of these conferences and the letters and documents which he brought back with him give us a first-hand picture of many of the Shanghai freezing and stabilization problems. Aarons' memoranda were also sent to Fox at Hong Rong. Aarons also advised interested persons at Shanghai on freezing questions. Aarons transportation was by airplane except between done Ronn and Shanghai and between Shanshai and onolulu on the return trip. 9.14.7L Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 31 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1941 Ferdinand Kuhn, Jr. TO FROM Herbert Merillat PRESS COMMENT ON PRICES AND WAGE-CONTROL: DISSENT FROM LABOR The Canadian decision to adopt an over-all price-control system, including wages as well as commodity prices, produced B. chorus of "I told you so" comment in the American press. The Canadian experience clearly proves, say the editorial writers, that piecemeal price control is ineffective -- that failure to limit wage-increases and rising prices of farm commodities will result in disaster. The commentators find unconvincing Mr. Henderson's arguments against following the Canadian example in this country. In the words of the Baltimore Sun, "His argument seems to boil down to a defense of gradualism in a case where it is admitted that grad- ualism is ineffective." The Canadian action was hailed as bold and courageous, in contrast with the political shilly-shallying on price control in the United States. Regraded Unclassified 32 - 2 - One of the rare editorial voices raised in support of the Henderson plan is the New York Post's. After a careful review of the welter of arguments which has come out of the price-control debate, the Post concluded that the Henderson bill should be adopted "in the name of intelligent compromise, unity and the essential requirement of speed." Even this supporter, however, believes that changes may be necessary in the near future, particularly with regard to wage stabilization. Most of the press continues to demand immediate over-all price control, including effective control of farm product prices and wages. The labor press meanwhile continues its campaign against wage control. The mid-October "United Mine Workers Journal" joined the attack, calling the move to control wages "a new flank assault on collective bargaining." Briefly, its argu- ments are the following: when some 50 millions have living standards below the danger line, it is folly to maintain that wages are too high; increased wages simply meet increased living costs and do not contribute to inflation; the real cause of inflation is in prices that are out of line with costs; wage control would mean the end of collective bargaining and the institution of forced labor. Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 33 "Labor," the weekly of the railroad brotherhoods, expects the Canadian price-control measures to give impetus to demands for the Baruch plan, and pledges the vigorous opposition of all organized labor to any such demands. The "C.I.O. News" also warns its readers of increasing pressure for wage-control and calls upon organized labor to make its strength felt in Congress. "It is of the utmost im- portance that sufficient labor protest be registered within the next few days with the House Banking and Currency Committee against any legislation that would set ceilings on wage rates." Non-defense Spending: Budget Bureau Report There is not yet available much editorial comment on the Budget Bureau's report outlining possible reductions in non- defense spending to save from one to two billion dollars. Such comment as has appeared has emphasized that economies will not be pleasant or easy, but that in these times unpleasant changes and dislocations must be expected. The press is agreed that agriculture and work relief must take the heaviest cuts. It seems that, faced with an actual schedule of reductions, the press is much more sober in tone than it has been in the past few months when it has been bitterly assailing Administration and Congressional leaders for failure to economize. Regraded Unclassified - 4 - 34 "Labor" says that the indicated reductions would be catastrophic. The jobless, the veterans, the farmers, and youth, it says, would be the ones called upon to suffer. 35 October 24, 1941 10:14 a.m. HMJr: How's tricks for this afternoon? Lieut. Sinton: The weather should be good, sir. We will have northwest winds - head winds - but the weather will be good. HMJr: What's the deadline in take-off from Washington Hoover. S: About ten minutes past three, sir. HMJr: Ten minutes past three. S: Yes, sir. HMJr: Now, do you know - is that new Army field back at Newburgh - is that ready? S: It's not completed, no, sir. There's one runway that's usable, but not at night. HMJr: Not at night. S: No, sir. Not yet. HMJr: Well, then there's nothing nearer, then if I can't get off at ten minutes past three, there's nothing nearer than LaGuardia, is there? S: No, sir, LaGuardia 18 the nearest. HMJr: All right. Well, if there's any change in the weather, please let Mrs. Klotz know. S: Yes, sir. I'll let Mrs. Klotz know if there's any change. HMJr: Righto. S: All right, sir. What time shall we stand by, sir? HMJr: Well, you just be ready over at your station over at the Anacostia. Be ready from two- thirty on. Regraded Unclassified 36 - 2 - S: At Anacostia. HMJr: Yes. Because you can come over - be over at the Washington commercial field from three o'clock on. S: Be at Washington National from three o'clock on. HMJr: That's right. S: Yes, sir. HMJr: Three o'clock on. S: All right, sir. Ah..... HMJr: Go ahead. S: If you - well, let's see - I gave myself a lot of margin on that deadline. We could probably make it three-twenty. HMJr: Well..... S: Sunset is five o'clock at New Hackensack. HMJr: I see. S: And if we don't - I can check this wind for the winds again - and if we're not going to be held up too much, three-twenty or three- twenty-five will be all right. HMJr: Well, I'd rather - if I can't get out of Cabinet by three, I won't attempt it. S: Yes, sir. HMJr: See? S: Yes, sir. HMJr: Thank you. S: Good-bye, sir. Regraded Unclassified 37 October 24, 1941 11:42 a.m. HMJr: I just called up to tell you how much I appreciated your going on our program. Secretary Knox: Well, that's fine, Henry. I'm glad - dió you hear it? HMJr: I listened to it and I thought you were swell. K: Well, that's good. And I understand that it had a very good effect among our ship workers and the delegation at Philadelphia is coming in this morning to express their appreciation and tell me what they're going to do to carry out the suggestion. HMJr: Well, that's grand. K: Yeah. HMJr: I hope you do it again some time K: I'll be glad to, Henry. HMJr: because it was a swell K: How's the campaign going? HMJr: It's going fairly well. I'm not satis- fied. It's getting a little bit better all the time, but I wish it would go a little bit faster. K: Well, what you need 1s a little war spirit - that's what you lack. HMJr: Well, I guess 80, but it's this thing of getting people mobilized K: Uh huh. HMJr: on a voluntary basis, 88 you know, Regraded Unclassified 38 - 2 - you getting enlistments on a volunteer basis, it's not the same as just drafting them. K: Yeah. HMJr: But I'm for the volunteer basis. K: Yeah. Well, the Navy's all volunteers. HMJr: I know it. That's why it's got such 8 fine spirit. K: Yeah. That's one reason why we have no problems in morale. HMJr: Well, I'm ever so much obliged. K: All right. Thank you for calling up, Henry. Good-bye. Regraded Unclassified 39 October 24, 1941 4:31 p.m. HMJr: Hello. Operator: Foley and Gaston. Go ahead. Herbert Gaston: Hello. Edward Foley: Hello. HMJr: I have this letter here - are the both of you on? F: Yes, I'm on. G: Yes. HMJr: from Stimson, which I'm going to send in to Gaston and you and Foley get together, see? F: Yes. HMJr: Now the Attorney General got me in the corner. Then he talked with Stimson and myself, and I'm & little bit in a fog. He says that he's asked for this postponement of the trial because he's waiting to hear the Treasury's side of the case. Is that right? G: Yes. F: That's right. HMJr: Well, I didn't know that; so I said one of our troubles was that we couldn't get at the trained nurse. F: Yes. HMJr: Is that right? G: Yes. HMJr: All right. Regraded Unclassified 40 - 2 - F: We haven't been able to get to the witnesses. HMJr: All right. Well, now I'm going to send this letter back to you gentlemen. Have you seen it, Foley? G: I have seen it. Ed has not. I had it copied and sent a copy in to Ed. I don't know whether he has seen it or not. F: I haven't seen it. G: I have asked I'm going to ask that the substance of his instructions be radioed to our man in Honolulu. F: I've done that. I sent the Justice communication to the United States Attorney to Chambers just a little while ago. HMJr: Yes, I'm sending it in; and then if you need any more help, I'm tremendously interested. (Talks aside) Take this in to Foley now. Is everything else all right? F: Okay. HMJr: Thank you. F: All right. Good-bye. HMJr: Good-bye. Regraded Unclassified 41 October 24, 1941 4:33 p.m. HMJr: Hello. Operator: Mr. Buffington. Go ahead. HMJr: Hello. George Buffington: Yes, sir. HMJr: Buffington, have you got a pencil? I've got a couple of suggestions to think over. B: Yes, sir. HMJr: These are not orders - these are just sug- gestions B: Yes, sir. HMJr: and I would think that if we asked the U. S. Chamber of Commerce to distribute "Know Your Taxes" B: Yes. HMJr: to their local offices B: Yes. HMJr: I think they'd do it. Also, the Manu- facturers Association. B: Yes, sir. HMJr: You might think of other associations - par- ticularly the U. S. Chamber of Commerce. B: I had that in mind, sir. HMJr: Good. Now, the other thing I want to sug- gest - twice a month we send out a million and half checks to Government employees B: Yes. HMJr: and we might include this circular with that. Regraded Unclassified 42 - 2 - B: Yes. HMJr: We may not be able to get it into the November first, but we certainly could the fifteenth. B: Yes, sir. HMJr: See? B: You knew that we were still planning to send another two and a half million December 15 for the tax reminders from the Collector of Internal Revenue. HMJr: I'm thinking of the Government employees. B: Yes, sir. HMJr: And then also, you might find out whether you could send it to all State employees. B: Okay. HMJr: That takes a great many. B: Yes, sir. HMJr: I personally gave one to the President and every member of the Cabinet and they all took them. B: Fine. HMJr: So that's that. I hope you'll do these two things. B: Fine. Thank you, sir. HMJr: Good-bye. B: Good-bye. 43 October 24, 1941. Dear Jake: Mrs. Klots has shown me your letter of October 22nd, and I want to tell you bow such I appreciate the spirit in which it was written. However, I have not the alightest intention of taking you off the payroll. It 10 the quality of the work and not the quantity, or the frequency of your visits, that interests m. of course I an glad to see you whenever you can come, but meamwhile I shall preserve the status and se far as you are concerned, and feel it an entirely satisfactory arrangement from the viewpoint of the Treasury. With all good viches, Sincerely, (Signed) Henry Dr. Jacob Viner, Department of Economics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. GEF/dbs Regraded Unclassified The University of Chicago Department of Economics 44 October 22, 1941 Yrs. Venrietta Klotz Office of the Secretary Treasury Department Washington, D. C. Dear Mrs. Klotz: Will you please tell the Secretary for me that I feel guilty about not having come down more often, but that I have found it impossible to get away from my obligations here. I hope that with- in e few weeks I will be somewhat freer and have more time for Washington at my disponal. Incidentally, would you ask Xr. Norman Thompson to take me off the payroll temporarily - say, on leave without pay basis - until I arain have an opportunity to eart. my compensation. Cordially yours, JY-W Jucob Viner Regraded Unclassified 45 October 24, 1941 MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY Subject: Professor Irving Fisher's tax proposals. For a number of years Professor Irving Fisher of Yale University has been writing and speaking against taxing income which is saved and not spent. He would like to have the income tax apply only to amounts spent on consumers' goods and services and would tax such spendings whether made from current income or from prior savings. If his proposal were followed the income tax would be very much lighter on the larger incomes, which are mostly saved, than under the present law. Accordingly, to raise the same amount of total revenue, the rates on smaller incomes would have to be heavier than under present law. Professor Fisher argues that to tax saved income results in "double taxation because the amount saved 1s taxed when originally received a.e income and the subsequent earnings derived from those savings are also taxed. Accordingly, he maintains that savings are discouraged by the tax. Few economists accept his conclusions about double taxation or are worried that such double taxation, if it does exist, would destroy needed savings in the light of the fact that savings have been in greater amount than the opportunities for their profitable investment. So far as I am aware there is practically no support for Professor Fisher's tax proposals. hous/Blough horp. Regraded Unclassified Koy Blougs what wall 46 - from the August. 1941 Jemic of TAXES 244 The Tax Michigan Magazine, AW., published and P mayrighted by Commission Clearing Unuse, Inc., 449. A Second Reason for Not Taxing Savings By IRVING FISHER* I N THE January, 1941, issue of this magazine was (on double taxation) the taxes were mostly restricted presented "A Fundamental Reason for Not Tax- to an uncharacteristic 1% whose destructiveness would ing Savings", namely, that when an alleged income be almost negligible. TAX is laid first on savings and then on the income "Savings" are meant to include any sort of capital vielded by those savings, "double taxation" results. increase whether of individuals, partnerships or cor- To this article, a second and more fundamental objec- porations: for instance, a savings bank account tioncis raised, namely that a tax on savings is destructive accumulating at 2% compound interest, or the develop- of savings and therefore (eventually) destructive of ment, at 50% per annum compounded, of a new inven- revenue, tion, such as the railway, automobile, airplane, radio, The January article (on double taxation) was and motion picture. criticized in the May issue by Professor W. W. Hewett Destructiveness Magnified by Reinvestment and by Mr. Benjamin, Certified Public Accountant, used we made rebuttal in the same issue, The present In such a case, typical of the origin of American article (on destructiveness) is in part an elaboration capital, the tax, to an unexpected and amazing degree, of that rebutral. destroys the savings themselves. the country's growth We may begin with the famous dictum of Chief of capital equipment and the income and social benefits Justice Marshall that the power to tax is the power therefrom, and, finally, the tax revenue itself-the to destroy. But apparently no one has noted that very revenue which the tax in question is supposed this power to destroy is far greater when savings are to enlarge. taxed than when merely spendings are taxed. The Moreover, because of the compounding, a yearly chief object of this article is to make this difference clear. tax on the yearly capital accumulation is far more The destructiveness in question is of two sorts. One destructive than would be a tax at the same rate on is by discouraging the saver from making savings, the the final total-the inheritable estate-after the ac- other by taking over in taxes the savings which are cumulator has finished his life work. made. This last will be considered first and will At first sight the opposite result might be expected, occupy most of our attention. namely that the government would get more revenue These two kinds of destruction operate together. by not waiting but by taxing the yearly increments as four in order to throw into relief the direct destructive- (ast as they occur-and that a 20% tax on the yearly riess of the tax as such, we begin with the impossible increments in advance would at any rate yield as much of a man who does not know discouragement. revenue as a 20% tax on the final estate. Nature forgot to endow him in that respect. No mat- But this is not true. tor how much the law punishes him for being a good It might seem still more obvious that the most rev- over, he goes right on being a good saver, enue of all could be obtained by taxing both the yearly We propose, moreover, to discuss at first heavy installments and the estate at the end of the accumu- taxes or these chronic savers, In the January article fator's life. Professor of Economics. Emeritus, Yale University, But even this is not true. Regraded Unclassified TAXES-The Tax Magarine Augun, A SECOND REASON FOR NOT TAXING SAVINGS 461 460 August. pai Le might seens obvious of all that the higher government. This would leave him with Exartly who le is ulserved. in income saved quite as ruthlessly as We conclude that, paradoxically, delay in taxing the the tax on accumitations the mare the revenue from he started with, $1,000. He could not enlarge in income spent. savings increases the revenue, while also helping the and accumulations. shop at all. At the end of the nett year the Miami in the first year. the capital Increase is, as in the siver and the public. But exactly the opposite is the higher the tas thing would happen--be would have only $1,000 form cample. $400. On this an 80% tax is $120, The 100% and 60% Compared the lower the revenue. the same every succeeding year. Man, the lave leaving only (W) nel capital increase after the las. which be pays over every year would retain the King That in design the KD% INX does not, like the 100% If, now, we compare the results of the 100% and the Suppose No Tax on Savings - the twenty-first year, not $400,000, has jum the as. inity desiroy the vapital increase, as sets the 80% TAX (as applied yearly for forty years) and count It is said that, in . period of larty years. the for usnal $400 and in the fortieth year neil $200,100.00 no inheritance tax. we observe another parados. The incruase Back encremently. of Henry Ford, despite a degree of Institue on bis lists $400 And, after the forty years Were up be works former of the two rates affords the higher revenue, that savings-though für less than maday Trum di have for himself not $700,500,000 but $1,000 However, The main paint is that the set-back is is, the 100% tax yields during the forty years $16,000; nes worth of $1,000 to A millions Finses 81,000 namely commitation. The set-back in the first year has an the 80%, $82,000. That is, the $700,500,000 fortune embodied in Rise a billion dollars-a abouting every Iveo years which alim under in the next year for the fortune then starts, Rouge plant which would have come into exastess Also, of course, we observe that this lower tax per- would be accomplished by a constant anount Fate of not If $1.400 lan at $1,050, and clearly a 40% increase mits the eventual Forward estate to rive from $1,000 had there heen no tax DO savings, has die/l a-borning increase of 41.42% in fact, forty times in succession. will $1,000 is less than a 40% increase on $1,400. (to which it was glued by a 100% sax) to $21,700, with Bat, for the sacke of round Requires les Us take an Rui did the government gain what the The accord year's tax again sets back the increase, corresponding benefit in the public. imaginary case-the vame of a mair nained Henry borb set-backs have after effects on the lost? No. the taxpayer (and the country). los Thus, lowering the tax rate on savings from 100% Forward - a bläcksmitht 10 state with and Det him live $700,499,000 of capital, the difference in value between Hunt senc's capital increase. And the fourth year will to 80% is beneficial all around-to the public. to the in - land where assings and capital gaina of any non the River Roage plant that might have been and a (to) the alter effects of all three previous set-backs, Hanry Forward estate, and to Uncle Sam. nce except subject the income tax. Only spendings amithy, while the government gained only $16,000 and will cumulatively. As to this last paradox (increasing the total of annual are taxed (and by spendings we muan spendings for L $400 à year for forty years. That is, the given " the end of lung years, forty successive set-backs revenue by lowering the annual tax) let as record the real income of living espense). ment was really a loser too, losing, ansing úller Kaye had their effects-not all equal, to be sure; the revenues year-by-year for each of the two rates. Alter 190,1 - un January i, 1901, be Converts his things, the change to tax after forty years an estate of last is the least and the first is the worst-and not Government Revenue from with shop lot making automolilles according $700,500,000 instead of an estate of $1,000 For the mercly (mis times worre-far more than forty times 110% 4% to a now invention of his His nel worth at this time area, bocause nf "compounding." 1001 400 320 salve of that $16,000 collected through forty years, der 1902 400 346 is 21,000 This proceeds EN grow at the raje of 40% government deprived Itself of unield millions Back year, the 8% tas knocks off thirty-two points 1003 400 371 per year so that in 1921 it reaches the $1,000,000 mark from (he furly prints gained, so that the nel increase 1904 400 403 and at the and ní 1940 u is $700,500.000 This value Wuest of all, the public was deprived of the indires with embedied in 5. huge automobile plant which he benefits of that $700.500,000 capital. It was n If de is mly % The fortune thus grown, nut at 40% com- Thas the 100% savings tax does yield more revenue had communicted on River Risige Ford plant, the General Motors plant, the Organ pounded as il would without the 10%, but only at 8% at first, hat in the fourth year, the 80% tax passes it, In the first year. 1901. Henry Furward's copital plant, and all other automobile plants had bero pro compounded After forty such annual set-backs, each and thereafter has an advantage which increases every increase was from 81,000 in $1,000 o gaio of $400, In vented by the tax from ever coming into existems reducing # 10% increase to an 6% increase and each year, By the end of 1940 is has brought in a total of 1921 the increase Was from $1,000,000 to $1,100,000, a Surely, Thil government could so sorely med $400 I cotting back all that follow it, the final fortune и not $82,600 instead of the $16,000 of the 100% las. year for forty years that it could not wait (ntiy year) Ind $21,700 That is, while the 100% tax cain of $400.000. This houtes As If there would al the end of 1921 be $100,000 which, receber a las capital for many millions! destroyed exactly 100% of the potential increase, the A Savings Tax of 50% increase, muld be taxed. XYS 145 desimed more than 80% of the potential Let us now lower DUF annual savings tax from XY% "Ab, but the government espenses must le gaid- Dut not IF there had been such - (as during the increase-it dostroyed 99.97% potential increase The to 50%. The Revenue results will be as follows: paid every year, not just once every furty your previous years for the applications of such - las proor This is palpably a very weak argument For the Illile 31,000 mithy has grown, in forty years, but Government Revenue from only 16 A wall shop worth $21,700. not to 3 River 80% 30% to 1921 would have prevented The $400,000 from com- government, more easily than any other person # 1001 320 200 ing into essurance organization, could finance itself over a Ronge plant worth $700,500,000 1002 346 240 And, "our of" the $700,500,000 which might have 1901 373 ZXR period. If is needed that $16,000 during thom torry [90] 400 345 ^ Savings Tax of toos years, it could incrow it at rates so love that. of she seco, how mach did the government get in taxes? In 1905 430 415 To above the offects of rexation, let las isaw assume end of the forty years, it would owe less Chan $25,000 the first year it collected $320; in the second, $346 and 1906 470 407 (Instead or the thregoing assumption of no tax on And, eyen if o bad to pay 5% interest during shoe no nn, up to $6,437 in the last, or fortieth year-the In this case, since the lower tas starts with a bigger savings). that There Was much D. avings tax from the forty years, its debi would still be only $48,120. Surh total for the forty years being only $82,6001 That is, immediate handicap, is requires six years TEL overtake beginning-a las of 1000 This impossible rate is a tritling debt could then be repaid out of the millers the government, for the sale of getting $82,600, virtually the higher tax as to annual results, but at the end of chosen for DUP 6ma example for simplicity of exposi- obtainable from an inheritance iss on $200,500,000 destroyed over $700,000.000. the forty years, its total collections would be $1,470,000 them For rive ake excluding The indirect destruction Even e 1% inheritance tax would pay the government Again. the government would have done better to instead of the $82,600 under an 80% tax, and the from discomragement. ME shall as already indicated, supplise that even alvis 100% tas did not deter the UVER $7,000,000. Clearly the policy of taxing the BIT home II would have needed to borrow only $320 fortune of Henry Forward would be $1,470,000 instead kages as they accrue is "penny wise and pound (onlish the first year, $346 the second, and 50 on up to $6,437 of merrly $21,700-with corresponding benefits to the Re was livel enough, of sains enough, to keep in the same of a 100% tax in the fortieth, Even if it had paid on all these loans public un each year adding 40% to bix nei worth, despire the as high as 5% compound interest, its accumulated It scould be good business for the government, there- Fact that the forthwith confiscated the ensire increase A Savings Tax of 80% debt in forty years would be only $164,500. Evidently fore, instead of collecting this $1,470,000 from Heary IN would be "good business" to go into debt that much Forward to borrow it elsewhere at 5% compound To the first year, having faithfully increased bis initial "But . 100% tax is inconceivable in order in have, at Forward's death on December 31, interest. At the end of forty years the government $1,000 to $1,400, Forward paid the whole $400 over to the Very well: try it at 20%-a tale actually approve 1940, - resulds PRIME of $700,500,000 instead of $21,700. debt would be $2,050,000 but the fortune available for mated mday in the higher income bracketin applied. Regraded Unclassified 462 TAXES Tax Magazine August, IN) A SECOND REASON FOR NOT TAXING SAVINGS 463 veri, 1941 volveritance tax would be $700,500.000 (instend of Most of the nation's capital equipment now exiss. supposed could be obtained by a 20% and such ailded taxes as are being proposed as this $1,470,000) nis which a 50% inhéritance 16% would (if ing-railways ships. factóries,-most, almost certainly or article is being written, would never have permitted collectible) produce over $3(0),000,000 or If the give have grown at first at much higher rales than their chief growth occurred during their development Muscover, it is equally unrealistic to suppose an such developments as have actually accurred in the past Proment wanted mily the $1,470,000, D muld get " as new inventions. If this is accepted as correct, WH instructance to rate no higher than the annual fax rate On the basis et the calculations ciud above, we may with A 10% of Less than ane-quarier of 1% (if strings which would in practice le low when the conclude that if We were today to repeal all our present need not descend to a 5% growth rate to prom to destructiveness of taxing the said growth. ming were low. Only big savings would, in prac- tames on capital intrease or even merely to exempt A Savings Tax of 20% Under a 20% tax we find the same three-fold ad di to o lower annual savings fas eventually Miducing de be and from taxation that part of the earnings of corporations vantage from lowering the 00 savings-ad- mare PRIVARE than a higher annual surings for: The Finally, WR have. it will be remembered, not taken which is plowed hark-ibe undivided profits-the re- vantages to public, Mr. Forward, and Uncle Sam. IT never fails. mb permit the important factor of discouragement sult would be. in Live end, not a reduction of tas revenue takes longer fue the 20% revenue to overtake the 50% which lesds A saver to quit saving or redace it greatly but a remendous increase de well as a tremendous reventio-namely eleven years) lest (lie total tax yielded alien the government punishes his thrift brink to THE while economy, There would lie more "Perpetual" Saving Even a 1% annual tax rate ou savings would in We may suiclude that it would. in most cases, H immediate wavings, and consequently more future ⑉ hirty years would $160000,000 de $1,470,000 M all, pay the government to borrow up (1) the time spendings and blgger estátes be jas. Even (rum the 50% rare, and the Forward plant yould reach time, yield more than a 10% rate, still more than $66.500,000 instead of $1,470,000. And here again is of Inbertiance rather than tax the savings annually. if the rates for taxing them were unchanged, the tax 20% rate and still more than 50%, 80%, 100% pro revenue from large estates would probably for multiplied would pay the government many times over to wait, vided only we wait long enough and the potential FATE How much, II would pay depends on laets not su- many times. and Bornow eyen at 5% if necessary, such of growth continues. timestly available-the actual assortment of the growth Under this plan we would theoretically be required a Arbit at the and of The furty years would-only be A. skeptical reader may point out that, according to with which WE experience in America, the proper inx go into debt for a few years last nn 38 entirely die $20,700,000 "En pay such a delie there wind Le remited what has just been stated, a zero QE "infinitesimal" rates and interest rates to assume, and the average 9. tirk KFR $700,500,000 only 3% ferent basis from that of the past ten years. For, oven rate would eventually produce the most révenue But, period of accumulation in a generation. il the government would then have to Increase siate Change she Growth Rate to 20% to do this would réquire an "infinite" time. Here of But we have no besitation, pending fuller smily, in stantially, it would be "the smart thing to do." Ir In all the foregotog a 40% annual growple course we find ourselves entering a theorefical realm expresing our personal belief that a no-tax-on-savings- would actually generate more income faier besause is of copital Was - But even whit D. 2016 growth of mathematics. One objector insists that somebody policy, coupled with proper inheritance and estate would the done for the very purpose of promoting the of there would be advantage and his heirs might continue to save perpetually and taxes would, in the long run, pay the government, creation of income-producing capital. That is, we from successively lowerkur the tax. news spend a cent beyond the minimum of bringing in many times what are now, or ever tan be, would stop the fonlish practice of eating up our seed At a 20% growth rate the forTune, if unlased, would supposed to be exempted. In that case be and bis milected by taxing savings annually. com instead of planting in forsy years amount REV $1,470,000 and would be our heirs would be tax free indefinitely. To Tax "Part" Yields More Than to Tax "Whole" Why are we so analous to impuse heavy thoses now? down by A. 100% tax to $1,000 by an HOTEL TAX, TM Without taking the time here to diseuss the various The only rational unswer "In order that we in this $4,500 by # 50% in in $48,300 by a 20% tax to theoretical implications of such an hypothesis," WE The appended tables even show that, in general, generation shall pay the bills of this generation and $175,000 and by D. 10% 1xx to $750,500. may cut the Gordian knot by stipulating that soros more takes or be raised by taxing only accumula- nnt leave SIT much for our successors TO pay." Steets taxes (i, e, taxes on estates and inheritunces) Hims at death than by taxing both the accumulations But that argument works just the other way. " Savings Tax, 10% shall tie an integral part of our tax system, com- as death and the annual increments our of which those we are trying to help tive nest generation we can do it Eveu in this care 2019 growth and 10% annual plementary to the net yield EFF spendings tax. Time ateumulations were formed. must effectively by spending less and having more invingo las) is would pay the government to will could then certainly be no fear of any performally For instance, in the case of Henry Forward, with now, That is precisely what work! follow more forty years The amount tax would produce be forty untaxed savings without a perperual lifetime. growth rate of 40% per year for forty years, a 20% tases are ptst on spendings and less on savings. Today's years only $03,200. if this were "passed up" and the annual savings tas would bring in $16,600 and would tax yield is not the importantant minsideration but same sum Increwed (exom AF the high tate of 5%), When Would It Not Pay the Government cut the inheritance from $700,500,000 to $66,500,000. importow's income To kin capital accumulation mday the whole debe in furty years would be only $114,300 To Borrow? Even this tas of $10,000,000 plus a 100% inheritance means to kill the goose that hays The gublen CSR. which contsi the easily poid by tinking al the same 10% As to whether if would pay the Gevernment to postpone tax on the $66,500,000 if collectible would aggregate the estate of $1,400,000 which the annual 10% would the far fill death and borrow in the interim. il revenue of only $83,100,000 whereas if the estate Today and Military Defense half destroy. With so law a growth rate as 10% we find, fin the WETE allowed to reach iss potential $700,500,000 a tax of All this argument for more saying and less spend- Six far we have supposed only the two growth rates first time, that it would nn longer pay the government less than 20% would produce far more than $83,100,000 -40% and 20%. ing applies to the present Defense problem wideh to skip the 20% annual fax and during the Curry your and with ample margin for interest. demands private accomulations, even if merely to be The Tables appended to this article give the while borrow the equivalent at 5% compound futerell. for Tn riue the Annual tas rate above 20% only makes shot away. Any considerable tus ERT savings reduces picture, the growth rate from 40% (presumably its debt at the end would be $2,220 and the internable mailers worse, as has been seen. our chances of success in défending ourselves and less than Henry Ford's) down Les 5% (which has been estate would be only $7,040, on which 20% would exceeded by millions of prople): and the anoual SAY: In a less degree these same inequalities apply to the helping to defend England. bring only $1,408 and not even that, because of the Inges tax rates from 100% down to 20% case of slower accumulations, as may be seen by It is important to encourage such savings not only difficulty of realizing on non-liquid assets. stamining the tables below. in order to maximize Defense effort but also to minimize As to destructioness: Even at know rates of accumu- But in arriving at this checkmate we have less latter and raxation the same destructiveness appears. If this article were historical and if Henry Forward the curse of credit inflation, which war and prepara- Thus, suppose $1,000 growing at 5% for forty years much too liberal in our hypothesis. To be realistic. were really Henry Ford, the fact might be stressed tion for war so readily generates. without any annual savings tax. It would reach $7,040. we ought to assume that the government would that the attomobile industry was essentially established This article la confined to the "second" reason for But a 20% annual tax on savings would cut it to TOW at rates far below 5% At a 3% rate in dable liefore the American income tax began to put high not taxing savings- But there are still others which $4,001, thus destroying 30% of it and a 50% tax would would be only $1,510 and at lower rates the delit would. filles on capital increase of corporations and before could be elaburated. CUT o down to $2,685, destroying 60% of It of course, be much lower, certainly lower then the there was any personal income tax. It seems alto- The sooner, therefore, we can drop all taxes ou For BITTM of time, say TM Metare of Orginal end Income, e 2% certain that socis an income fax as now in force, capital increase, the better for [Turn to page 468) Regraded Unclassified ass TAXES- The Tax Magazine August, 1941 Table II A Second Reason for Not Taxing Savings Tax Collection in Forty Years [Concluded from page 463] (For (priled Maler of Growth nad all concerned This would convert nur income taxes l'etratial into spendings taxes, and their progression would liate of Annual Tax Rater of / make them virrually taxes (III luxuries. They would Growth of Form 100% M% 5% have all the virtues of 4 elles tax but without taxing as 4% $16,000 $32,600 $1,470,000 the prem. The rich would he donly Taxel-on their 20% 8,000 15,000 44,200 $16,600.00 spendings and un their estates and at progressive 10% 4,000 4,750 5,990 14,400 rates, More laxes would he collected and yet more 5% 2,000 1,916 5,1% 1,660 Say walth world le created. Table III Table I Government Debt Accumulated in Forty Years The Forward Fortune after Fony Years the Rates of Cirretà ml (/wisding 1% Internal, from Berrowing lasting of Collerning e per The Preceding Fabley l'vivatid Rate of /Imual Tax Raterel Rair of Annual Tax Rater of: Granth of M% #4- 30% 20% No Tar Name 100% 80% 22% MR 40% $1100 $21,700 $1,470,000 $66,500,000 $700,500,000 like $48,320 $164,500 $2,050,000 by 1000 $20,700.00 4,300 43,300 379,000 1,480,000 ans 24,160 37,600 80,300 HW 1000 2210 7,010 142,00 21,700 45,300 10% 12,080 13.500 14,080 3% 1000 1,400 2,645 10,20 4,801 7,040 5% 6,040 5,590 4,355 22% Regraded Unclassified Address of Professor Irving Fisher, Professor Emeritus 47 of Yale University, Before The Conference Board's Round Table Session on "Financing National Defense," Thursday, September 25, 1941, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotal Last Saturday e tax bill became law which breeks the record for magni- tude and, in my opinion, also breaks the record for harmfulness to American enterprise. For three years I have been preparing n book, now nearly ready, on In- some Tax Reform. Its conclusions are in direct conflict with at least one major feature of the legislation just passed. It 16 this feature which I shall almost exclusively discuss, partly because of its importance in our problem of "Financing National Defense", portly because its importance 10 quite generally unrealized, and partly because I have given more attention to it than to any other part of the defense problem. The feature to which I refer is the increased tax on the undistributed profits of corporations. In my opinion there should have been DO such increase. The only increase in income taxes, personal or corporate, should have been on the Income which is distributed and spent. It would have been extremely easy, without otherwise disturbing the tax bill 85 drafted by the Administration, to have specifically exempted undistrib- uted profits from any of its provisions. Not only could this have been done but I have little doubt that it would have been done ir those who bad the bill in charge had had the time -- or perhaps I should say -- if they had taken the time to analyze the disastrous affects of the heavy tex on undistributed profits. It will be remembered that, 6. few years ago, at the instigation of Mr. Oliphant of the Treasury Department, a special tax on undistributed profits was placed on the statute books. But, to Mr. Oliphant's great mortification, it did not stay there long. The business world rose up against it as one man. A Com- mittee of the United States Chamber of Commerce had reported against It before it was passed. Afterwerds Senators, Congressmen and, less openly, those in the administration itself who had originally sponsored this ill-considered measure, repudisted it, and it was repealed. That project as such bas, apparently, no friends today. Business men in all lines affected by the tax OD undistributed profits felt then and feel now that its effects were harmful. Meny are still feeling its harmfulness and still trying to rebuild what was torn down. Why then do we now have before our syes the spectacle of virtually 78- storing the taxes then removed? The answer seems to be simply this; that the true ressons why the Oliphant project was unsound were only dimly perceived. The businessmen reseted against the Oliphent proposal by instinct rather than by reason. They ware close enough to the economic machinery to heer it creak and strein so that they could - 1 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified instinctively perceive that something was wrong without quite finding it, 48 As I see it any tax on savings, corporate or private, is unsound, and especially today when we should all save for defense. In the 0690 of a small tox, the harmfulness is 60 slight that it will not mrouse any feeling of special harmfulness. But the harmfulness increases with amazing repidity as the tax rate 12 reised. In my book on Income Tex Reform I believe 15 will be clearly shown that the soundest income tax is one levied wholly on income spent and not at all OD income saved, But, for practical reasons, a very small tax on sevings may have to be tolerated. For instance, in the present smergency, 1 agree with Professor Lutz that a small tax on all paid incomes would be en excellent practical procedure, although 18 would, in 8 very emall degree, necessarily involve some taxation of private savings. But its practical advantages of simplicity and ease of collec- tion greatly outweigh this slight disadventage. The tax which I am edvocating 18, in effect, the same as the spendings 16% favored by the late Ogden L. Mills who, in his day, WBB recognized 65 perhaps the leading American authority on texation. All taxes on sevings (except es involved in the Lutz plan) would be abolished. By savings are meant capital-incresse of any kind. No discussion will be entered into here regarding any temporary leg or gap between monetary savings and their investment. I will merely note in passing that Keynes, who is 80 often quoted as opposing savings, wrote me that he approved my plan as presented before the Committee on Ways and Meuns. Also, as 1a well known, he advocates compulsory navings in this War Emergency. The tax I am proposing would, I believe, accom- plish the same purpose without any compulsion. The proposed spendings tax would, of course,be progressive. That fact and the minimum examptions would make it a tax not on necessary spendings but only on luxury spendings. We all certainly agree that, in this emergency, at loast, luxury should be decreased end I hope we agree that savings should be incressed. But any tax on savings decreases them and, unless the tax is very low, decreases them enormously. An airplane factory, for instance, should have every incentive to on- large, But If all its earnings are taxed, including its undistributed profits plowed back in the business, this reinvestment is thereby penalized when it ought to be encouraged, We should also encourage the upbuilding of our country's capital in general. Otherwise we shall impair our national cepital, and reduce our future national income, the source of all taxes, Even if taxes on capital-increase did not thus discourage end reduce that capital-eccumulation, the mere payment of 6 tax thereon automatically re- duces the rate of that accumulation. - 2 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified 49 This destructive effect is enormously greater than realized. We all know thes "the power to tax 18 the power to destroy". But the power to destroy of a tax on savings is many times 08 great 6.8 that of a tax on spendings. Moreover, a yearly tax on savings or capital-increase 18 far more destructive than 6 tex on the final total, after the accumulator has finished his work of accumulating, has died and left his accumulations in 6 greet estate. At first sight the opposite might seem trus. It might scem that the government would get more revenue by taxing the yearly increments than by taxing the final estate created out of those increments, that to tax the yearly increments 16 simply to tax the estate in edvance and in installments, But this 18 not true. It might also seem that the most revenue of all could be gotten by taxing both the estate at the end of an accumulator's life and the yearly 10- stellments out of which it 18 built during his life. But the opposite is true. It might also seam that the higher the tax on savings the more the revenue. But here again the opposite 18 true. Savings or capitel-increases are B. very peculiar and sensitive sort of income, if we choose to call it income. To tax it kills it and not it alone out its future income. All of these contentions can be substantisted methematically. Here they will be merely illustrated by numerical examples. Suppose at first, that the tax is 100% 60 that the whole of the capitel-increase is confisceted. or course no one would seriously propose such an extreme tax, knowing that it would put a stop to all savings and so yield no revenue et all. But such an extreme 0888 is the cleerest for beginning our exposition. Let us also suppose that 8. certain man's net-worth increases at the rate (before taxes) of 40% per year and that it does so for forty years. This rete of growth 1e high but not unprecedented. It is said that Henry Ford became a billionaire in forty years, between 1900 to 1940. If this in true his annual rate of growth must have been much more then 40%. Suppose first there were no tax on capital-increase so that the full 40% could be compounded for forty years. It would then be true that a little blacksmith shop in 1900 worth 41,000 could, through that 40%, become a River Rouge plant in 1940 worth $700,500,000. Half-way between, in 1921, the plant would have reached the $1,000,000 mark, in our imeginery example. At the end of the first year, in 1901, the capital-increase would be from $1,000 to $1,400, or 400. In 1921 the increase would be from $1,000,000 to $1,400,000 or $400,000. This looks 88 if there would be $400,000 which could be taxed in 1921. But any tax on capital-increase would prevent that $400,000 from coming into existence. For the sake of argument let us suppose that the 100% tax did not deter the sever from saving. That 18, we suppose that he was fool enough (or saint enough) to keep on each year adding 40% to his net worth despite the fact that the government takes it all away from him forthwith. - 3 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified 50 In the first year he would increase his initial $1,000 to #1,400 and, under e 100% tex, pay over to the government the entire 400 cepital-increass. He would then have left $1,000, exactly what be started with. Next year the same thing would happen. He would still have only $1,000 left at the end of that year, and of every succeeding year. In the twenty-first year his capital-incresse instead of being 400,000 would be just the usual J400. And after the forty years were up be would have the same $1,000, instead of the $700,500,000 which be would have had were there no taxes! We see that the $700,500,000 fortune which would have come into exist- ence were there no tax on savings has died e-borning -- died, in fact, forty times in succession. Everytime it started, the tax has destroyed it all. But, you ask, didn't the Government gain what the texpayer lost? No, the texpayer lost $700,499,000 and the Government gained $400 a year for forty years, or only $16,000 in all. The Government also really lost; for it lost the opportunity to tax an estate of $700,500,000. After its destructive taxes in life it had only $1,000 left to tax at death. For the sake of that paltry $16,000 the Government deprived itaolf of millions. Only one per cent on $700,500,000 would bring in $7,000,000 which is hundreds of times as much as the $16,000 from the 100% tex on the ennual increments out of which that huge eatate WB # formed. Worst of all, the public would be deprived of the indirect benefits of that capital. It would be 58 if the Ford plant, the General Motora' plant, the Chrysler plant, and all other automobile plants had been prevented by the Govern- ment from ever coming into existence, all for the sake of collecting a total of $16,000 in taxes. Our country would have practically no automobiles. Let us now leave our impossible 100% example and substitute воя, a rate actually approximated in the "higher bruckets" today. Assume, 88 before, that every year's capital-morease is taxed separately, as it accruss. In the first year, before taxes, the capital-increase is #400. On this en 80% tax is J320, leaving only 380 net capital-increase after taxes. This set-back to the savings has an after-offect next year; for the fortune then starts at $1,080 instead of at $1,400 and clearly a 40% increase on $1,080 18 less than 40% on $1,400. The second year's tax again sets back the increase and now both of these set-backs have after-effects on the third year's capital-in- crease, The next year will feel the after-effeots of all three previous year's set-backs, and 80 on cumulatively. At the end of forty years there are felt the effects of forty successive set-backs. The importent point 1e not that the power to destroy was exercised forty times irstead of once but that for the eerlier years this power was multi- plied later. For instance in the first year the Government took away only 3320. This reduced the capital from the $1,400 which it might have been at the end of the first year to $1,080, 8 reduction of about 23%. But it also enteils reductions in the same proportion in all later years. In the twenty-first year the $1,400,000 would be reduced to $1,080,000 and the $700,500,000 at the end to about $540,000,000. In other words that little 8320 reduction in the first year gets magnified to a re- duction of over $160,000,000 at the end. To put it another way, each year, though the fortune grown by 40% be- 4 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified 51 fore the tax knocks off 32 points, the net increase 18 only ex. The fortune thus grows not at 40% "compound interest" 08 it would without the tax but only at ex. After forty annual set-backs, each reducing 6. 40% to an 8% increase and each setting back all that follows it, the final fortune 10 not $700,500,000 but only $21,7001 And how much did the Government get in taxes? In the first year it collected $320, in the second, $346 and 80 on, the collection in the last, or fortieth, year being the most -- $6,437. The total through the forty years was only $83,000 That 18, the government for the sake of getting $83,000 virtually destroyed over $700,000,000. Let us further pursue the tax-lowering by substituting 50% for 80%. Again we find the lower of the two taxes the more profitable to the Government aa it is to the taxpayer and the public. The higher 80% tax would, it is true, yield more in the first year, namely 3320 instead of the 3200 yielded by the 50% tax. In the second year the 80% rate also has the advantage, $346 instead of $240. But the advantage is not so great. Year by year the 50% tax-yield creeps up on the 80% yield until it overtakes it in six years. The Government revenues under the two systems are contrasted for each of the six years in the following table: Government Revenue Under 80% 50% 1901 320 200 1902 346 240 1903 373 288 1904 403 346 1905 436 415 1906 470 497 Here it takes six years for the annual revenue under a 50% tax to over- take that under an 80% tax, in spite of a bad handicap at the start. Under a 20% tax we find the same three-fold advantage from lowering the tax-rate. As to government revenue, it is true that the 20% tax yields far less revenue in the first year -- only $80 as compared with $200 under B. 50% tax, But the 20% revenue overtakes the 50% revenue in the eleventh year, when it becomes $1,284 es against $1,239. In short, the lower the tex-rete the higher the tax-yield in the and. The best results can be obtained by not taxing accumulations at all during the life-time of an accumulator. - 5 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified Cases as extreme 88 Henry Ford's are rare. But the capital equipment 52 of America is largely the product of a relatively small number of capital-cre- store of which he 18 the extreme type. It is the result of developing inven- tions and technological improvements in general, The death of the accumulator usually marks the end of the rapid accumu- lation. From 8 fiscal point of view, therefore, there is usually little, if any, advantage in delaying beyond that point the taxation of sevings, if savings are ever to be taxed at all; while, from a social point of view, the argument 1s strong to appropriate most of the accumulation, when inherited. From every point of view, therefore, the death of the accumulator marks an appropriate, in foot the only appropriate, time to tax accumulations of capital. If we were today to repeal all our present texes on capital-increase or even merely to exempt from taxation that part of the earnings of corporations which is plowed back -- the undistributed profits -- the result would be, in the end, not a reduction of tax-revenue but a tremendous increase. But, you say, we are seeking bigger revenues now and not simply "in the end." But any loss in immediate revenue would be made up many fold "in the end." Even if, in the meantime, the Government had to borrow substantially, it would be "the smart thing to do." It would generate 80 much more income later. Way eat up our seed corn instead of planting 1t? Way are we BO anxious to impose heavy taxes now? The only rational answer is: "In order that we in this generation shall pay the bills of this generation and not leave 80 much for our successore to pay." But that argument works just the other way. If we are trying to help the next generation we can do it most effectively by spending less and saving more now. That is precisely what would follow from putting more taxes on spend- Ings and less on sevings. Today's tax-yield is not the important consideration but tomorrow's income. To tax capital-accumulation 18, if I may repeat for emphasia, to kill capital accumulation -- to kill the goose that lays the golden egg. I have admitted that at first the tax on spendings alone would, at 5 given rate raise less revenue than a tax on spendings plus savings and would, therefore, require, temporarily, more borrowing by the Government. But the grester this temporery shortcoming in revenue from B spendings tax the greater the savings, end the greater the sevings the more these sevings can be invested in Government bonds. That is, the very forces which would in- crease the need of this sort of Government borrowing (namely to safeguard sav- ings) would also meet that need. The present taxes on corporations lump together, indiscriminately, both kinds of earning, distributed and undistributed, as if the two were alike. They are very unlike. One standa for spendings; the other, savings. A tax on savings is far the more destructive. he we have seen in our extreme illustra- tive case, a tax of #320 on savings may have the effect, forty years later, of virtually destroying $160,000,000. A tax of 380 on spendings has no such after effect. If a third of a corporation's earnings is distributed, e tax on that . 5 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified 53 third will, it is true, only yield a third of the revenue in that particular year. But in the end any tax, year after year, on the one third distributed will yield far more than at tax on the whole, simply because this examption of the undistributed part allows that part to grow and to generate more taxable in- come later as well 56 to generate bigger taxable estates. Incidentally, if we were to take off taxes on savings W would thereby combat inflation by generating the wherewithal for subscriptions to government bonds out of savings instead of out of newly issued and inflationary bank credit. One way to accelerate such subscription would be analogous to Keynes' compulsory savings plan. Let the Government, without changing the tax law, be authorized to give its interest-bearing notes to a corporation in return for that part of its taxes ellocated to undistributed profits. This, like exempting the undistributed profits, would create a strong incentive to save more and spend less, which is what 10 needed today. As the tax law now stands it is an outrege. Last Tuesday I attended two directors' meetings. One of the corporations finds that its reserve for taxes must, under the new law, be put up to 35% of its earnings. This of course includes 35% of its undistributed earnings -- the corporate savings on which its future capacity to pay taxes depends. The other corporation finds its reserve for taxes will be about 48% Such a law is especially outrageous in its incidence on the poorer stockholders. Many of these have incomes supposedly below the examption limits. Almost all of them are probably well below the brackets which are supposed to pay 35% or 40%. Yet they have to pay those percentages 80 far as concerns their income or earnings from their stock. Someday, under B. retional spendings or luxury tax, there should be no need of any big taxes on corporations. To must not forget that every dollar of taxes paid by & corporation 18 really paid by its stockholders. An ideal income tax should be only on real persons and only on what they spend. Then the progression has real meaning. Now, with 35%, 40% and even 55% on small stockholders, progression becomes meaninglass. In the recent tax bill the progressive rates on personal income reach up to 77%. Such rates would not be too high if the taxable income wore solely spent income. But, in BO far 88 these high rates discourage end destroy saving end investment, they too will stop the up-building of our nation's capital. The destructiveness of the present income tax system seems elmost to spell the end of our free enterprise by throttling investment. This is a matter of grave concern to the whole country. For, 88 Carl Snyder has emphasized, our prosperity depends on our capital. Why destroy it, especially when this exercise of the "power to destroy* is futile? For it destroys also the very revenue it eims to produce. In short, by increasing the tax on undistributed profits and on savings generally, we are repeating the Oliphant error. So WO now find our- selves travelling in exactly the wrong direction, not only as respects our in- mediate problem of financing defense but 08 respects the problem of a permanent solution of government finence in general. - 7 - Fisher Regraded Unclassified 54 EXECUTIVE ORDER ESTABLISHING AN OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES IN THE OFFICE FOR ELERGENCY MANAGELENT IN IHE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes of the United States, and in order to wefine further the functions and duties of the Office for Emergency management in the Executive Office of the President with respect to the unlimited emergency as declared by the President on May 27, 1941, and for the purpose of facilitating the dissemination of factual informa- tion to the citizens of the country on the progress of the defense effort and on the defense policies and activities of the Government, it is hereby ordered us follows: 1. There is established within the Office for Emergency management of the Executive Office of the Presi- lent an Office of Facts and Figures, at the neas 05 which shall be a Director appointed by the President. The Director shall discharge his responsibilities and duties under the direction and supervision of the President. The Director shall receive no salary or other remuneration for his serv- ices, but shall be entitled to actual and necessary transporta- ston, subsistence, and other expenses incidental to the per- contance of his duties, 2. Subject to such policies and drections as the President may from time to time prescribe, the Office of Facts and Figures shall formulate programs designed to facilitate a widespread and accurate understandin_ of the status ena progres of the nutional defense effort and of the defense policies and activities D- the Government; and advise with the several departments 2210 agencies of the Government concerning the dissemination of such defense Information. Bie Office of Facts and Figures snall rely apon We strvices are facilities of axisting agencied of the Government for the dissimination of information. 3. The several departments and agencies or the Government shall make svailable to the Director, upon his request, such information and data 52 he may debat necessary to facilitate the lost comerent am comprehensive presenta- tion to the nation of the facts and figures of national 38* fense. i. stall by in the Office of Facts and Figures an Auvisory Committes consisting of tile Director L5 chairman and such representatives of 2: Feberal Govern- bent and other AS 1 may determine, in memoers of the Auvisory Committe smll serve without compensation, PMD stall be inticles to Sensiary travely scheintence, == other experises indicate] D in performance et their cities. 3. Within Via linits 01 an ins 4 LA; by Deat to L. Office di No 4% Pignes, the linetor DAY LAC L& provision to to ... Regraded Unclassified 55 - 2 - Office of Facts and Figures shall use such fiscal, personnel, and other general business services and facilities as may be made available to it through the Office for Emergency Manage- ment. FRANKLIN D. RCOSEVELT THE WHITE HOUSE, October 24, 1941. Regraded Unclassified 56 October 26, 1941 STATEMENT BY ARCHIBALD MacLEISH, LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS I deeply appreciate the President's confidence in me es ex- pressed by my appointment to direct the Office of Facts and Figures. As Librarian of Congress, I have been necessarily concerned with in- formation as to the facts and figures of national defense, and I wel- come the opportunity to render additional service in that particular field. The Office of Facts and Figures is established, as I under- stand it, upon the assumption that the people of a self-governing country are entitled to the fullest possible statement of the facts and the figures bearing upon conditions with which their government is faced. The essential difference between a democracy and a des- potic form of government is that a democracy is based upon a com- plete trust in the people and a democratic service of information must necessarily reflect that trust. The job of the Office of Facts and Figures, as stated in the Executive Order, is to serve as an in- terdepartmental clearing house for information and data required "for the most coherent and comprehensive presentation to the nation of the facts and figures of national defense." In other words, the opera- tion of the office will be purely within the government. The Office of Facts and Figures will not make a practice of issuing releases nor set up new channels for the dissemination of information, but will "rely upon the services and facilities of existing agencies of the government in the dissemination of informa- tion", In other words, the establishment of the Office will in no way change the relation between the departments and the agencies of government and the press and radio services, nor will it alter the reliance of the covernment upon these means of informing Regraded Unclassified 57 October 24, 1941. MEMORANDUM TO: Secretary Morgenthau FROM: Mr. Gaston The President sent to the Senate yesterday the name of Saul Haas to be reappointed Collector of Customs at Seattle and the name of Representative Charles H. Leavy of Spokane to be Federal Judge in the Western District at Tacoma. Several weeks ago Jim Rowe told me that Saul's nomination was being held up because of his interference in the judgeship situation. Saul told me last night that Senator Bone was vexed and he had asked that both nominations be held up until he could come to the Senate on crutches (he is in Walter Reed Hospital) and make a speech on the matter. Bone had joined in the recommenda- tion of the whole delegation, except former Senator Schwellenbach, for the appointment of Leavy as a Judge in the Eastern District at Spokane, but Schwellenbach WBS appointed. Bone wanted a Western Washington man appointed for the vacancy at Tacoma. Saul said he would probably have gone along with the appointment of Leavy if anybody had done him the courtesy of consulting him, particularly if the President had written him 8. nice letter, but now he is mad and will fight it. new Regraded Unclassified back meeting 58 September 2, 1941. MEMORANDUM TO: Secretary Morgenthau FROM: Mr. Gaston Nomination for reappointment of Saul Haas as Col- lector of Customs at Seattle was sent to the White House Monday, August 18, after receipt of word from Ed Flynn that he approved the reappointment. Haas had been recommended for reappointment by Senators Bone and Wallgren. Approval came from Ed Flynn on August 15, the day of your departure for the North. Haas' second four-year term as Collector at Seattle was to expire, and did expire at midnight of August 31. Collectors of Customs, however, hold office until their successors have qualified. Haas, as you probably know, is Harold Graves' ad- ministrator of the Defense Savings Staff for the State of Washington. He is very close to Homer Bone and has been Homer Bone's campaign manager. He is also on good terms with Mon Wallgren of Seattle, the junior Senator, who joined in recommending him for reappointment. Haas is regarded 8.8 8. good Collector. He devotes more than the ordinary amount of energy to the job. He expressed some doubt about accepting another appointment because of pressure of other work, but seems to have decided to go along. He is putting in 8 lot of time on the Defense Savings work. mrs. Regraded Unclassified 59 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON August 18, 1941. MEMORANDUM FOR H. M. Jr. Will you speak to me about this? F.D.R. Regraded Unclassified 60 ( a THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON August 14, 1941, My dear Mr. President: I understand that the term of office of Saul Haas, Collector of Customs at Seattle, will shortly expire. I hope that you will give me an opportunity to discuss this matter with you, if you are considering reappointing him. I think that this is important. Sincerely yours, Secretary of the Interior. The President, The White House. Regraded Unclassified 61 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL August 29, 1941. MEMO RANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY FOR YOUR INFORMATION AND PLEASE RETURN FOR MY FILES. F. D. R. Regraded Unclassified 62 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON August 27, 19/1 for The President, saul nhes attached is the reappointment of caul none as Collector of Customs you well know liass has always been u neadache out he always gets painted. it this time T mise the Neation of sending down his nomination resure of his recent actions. Leavy of wants to be = feberal judge in the main district of washington. He is from the Western district but there on over precedents, including Allred and Schwellenbach for such termifers. A: present the three district judges in washington come from Le Instem part of the State. In all frimess the next aspointment should to the indem part of the State, Leavy his the unanimous endorsement or all the washington Congressmen Lne autorsement of Senstor (Milgron. Bane MAS publicly taken the position - he cannot endorso Leavy because he, Bone, comes from the setem part of LIVE State and waile be in political trouble if he endorsed n/-. He has sais to will not oppose Leavy's nomination if the President Survice it down. Privately his attitude is somewhat different. sie does not want Leavy 12 - n. judge breause nass, who is Lone's Wengali, lices not want Leavy t.o - - judge. In fact, Hass, in his usual arrogant munder, hus told Leavy and he is sorry out he be a judge. In other words, Hous and not Ve President of the United States the judicial appointments. The of Hone and - is an able lawyer but is the leading sponsor in versionest of the emerica First Committee. I canjot pass on Leavy's intellectual unlifications. Politically, lowever, in deserves well of this Administration and has been an unusually supporter of it. Postly DE we sufficient Congression to sustain your vato on the will although it is practically political suicide for a Mastern to vote against a road appropriation. de also voted in favor a the extension of the Selective Service Act, being the only Washington in to GO so, as the extension was very unpopular in the worthwest. I have no illusions a ut Leavy's motives in voting this way but the st 1. nis vote envee tand situations. Lee Do Morney meral. nas been no action on the Leavy Appointment because there have Regraded Unclassified 63 My suggestion here, however, is that you withhold the nomination of Saul Haas until such time as the Leavy matter has been settled one way or the other. SHIP James Rowe, Jr. Regraded Unclassified 64 Regraded Unclassified October 24, 1941 FOR THE FILES After talking with the Secretary about the attached letter and at his suggestion. I called Nr. Strans in D. s. Bousing Authority. Le being absent from the city I talked with Mr. Rejeerling. I told Mr. Inserling that the Secretary had signed this letter with the distinct understanding that if the legislation now pending, which would slarify their $800,000,000 borrowing limitation, passed, ve would not use it but would expect new notes to be delivered to the Treasury on November 1 and December 31, for the obligations thes entering. I also told Mr. Landerling about the desire of - of the members of the Banking and Ourreasy Committee to attach an amendment to the pending bill which would pro- hibit the Housing Authority from using any of its unobligated balances for expanding the housing program. I sold his that it vas our view in the Treasury that any unobligated balances DOV available or becoming available in the future through cancellation of contracts or otherwise. should be put in receive and not used for any purpose. This would put the Authority in a position to state to the Committee when 11 vent up for other legislation that while the Law did not require them to do this, they understood 14 we in accordance with the vishes of the Committee. Be mid he would pas a memorandum in the file to this effect set that he would advise the Administrator upon his return of our views is the matter. la VM ware that the Administrator would agree with this and that no further obligations reald be incurred. - 65 QCT 24 1941 Dear Lr. Araus: Referring to the publicly-held one-quarter of one percent notes of Series e of the United States Housing nutuvrity, in the principal amount of $112,099,000, which mature on November 1, 1941, this will advise you that the Treasury will purchase these obligations and will extend their maturity to December 31, 194. This letter will also confirm our understanding that the one-quarter of one percent Notes of Deries G of the Authority, in the principal amount of $108,000,000, naturing December 31, 1941, now held by the Treasury, will be extended to the same date. Sincerely yours, Secretary of the Treasury. hr. Mathan Straus, Administrator, inited States Housing Authority, Washington, D. C. JJO'C.Jr/ml 10/23/41 Initiacion file t Kill 14/20/01 Regraded Unclassified Vene 66 10/25/41 October 24, 1941. TO: HAROLD N. GRAVES SUBJECT: PROGRESS REPORT FROM DEFENSE SAVINGS STAFF SALE OF BONDS Actual cash receipts from the sale of E, F and G Bonds from October 1st through October 22nd were $190,487,000, which is an increase of 9.6 per cent over the same period in September. Sales from September 1st through September 23rd were $173,727,000. Sales from August 1st through August 22nd were $203,606,000. DIRECT MAIL The industrial mailing in 41 days has produced orders for $2,529,390. Though naturally orders are dropping off, for the past week they have averaged better than $30,000 daily. Customer mailing orders now total $2,080,300, with orders running approximately $85,000 8 day after 31 days of pulling. FIELD OFFICE Since October 17 State and local committees have been organized in Colorado and Maine. (Status of organi- zation nationally is shown on the map attached) During the past week Chairmen Patterson of Regraded Unclassified - 2 - 67 New York and Jouett of Kentucky visited the Field Director's office; also Administrators Lyons of Alabama, Ford of New York; and Deputies Clements of Alabama, Wellman of Maine, Canada of New Jersey, Burke of Massa- chusetts, and Pritchard of West Virginia. Two new representatives have gone into the field on their first assignments, and a third is leaving as of this date. The inaugural program of the District of Columbia, H. L. Rust, Jr., Chairman, was broadcast over five local stations on October 23rd. HOUSE ORGANS A letter mailed October llth to 300 house organs published by nationally prominent companies has brought replies to date from 70 publications with 8. circulation of approximately 2,500,000. More than half of the editors indicated they would carry the Minute Man emblem, and would be glad to receive other material. Fifteen of the house organs replying publish magazines of sufficiently elaborate format to be prospective users of the "Millions for Defense" supplements designed for trade publications, and this has been suggested to them, RETAILERS The Retail Advisory Committee met in Washington October 23rd and approved all promotional material for Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 68 Thanksgiving and Christmas, also the bonus plan for retailers. Membership in the committee was extended to include trades not now represented. MAIL ORDER HOUSES Five mail order companies represented on the Retailers Advisory Committee have agreed to devote two full pages in their catalogues to promotion of Bonds and Stamps; one a color page advertising the program, the other an application form that may be turned in at a post office or mailed to the Treasurer of the United States. The companies participating are Sears Roebuck and Company, Montgomery Ward, Chicago Mail Order, Speigel, and Walter Field. The circulation of these mail order catalogues is 30,000,000 and they have an estimated life of six months. EXHIBITS The Buhl Planetarium and Institute of Popular Science, Pittsburgh, is opening a three-months' defense exhibit on November lst. Arrangements have been made with the Army, Nevy, and other services to display equip- ment, and B Treasury booth will be maintained for the sale of Defense Savings Stamps. TREASURY BOOTHS Through October 23 sales at Washington Treasury Regraded Unclassified - 4 - 69 booths opened on the dates indicated have been 88 follows: Garfinckel's Oct. 3 Woodward & Lothrop Oct. 6 Bonds $506.25 Bonds $3,581.25 Tax Notes 25.00 Tax Notes 75.00 Stamps 274.45 Stamps 1,082.10 $805.70 $4,738.35 Lansburgh's Oct. 10 Willard Hotel Oct. 15 Bonds $ 675.00 Bonds $112.50 Tax Notes Tax Notes Stamps 321.05 Stamps 37.30 $ 996.05 $149.80 Total Sales to Date: $6,689.90 RADIO By arrangement with the Office of Emergency Management we will promote the launching of OEM's Civilian Defense Week November 11th. Reciprocating, OEM will use rewrites of Defense Savings announcements in all their radio programs and scripts. OEM also is being requested to promote Defense Savings in their films. Special Navy Day announcements have been distributed for use fifteen minutes or more after President Roosevelt's broadoest. "For America We Sing" will be dedicated to the Navy on that day. Hildegarde will be a guest singer on the program. Wheeling Steel Makers will start promoting Savings Bonds starting October 26th. A meeting of sponsors of daytime programs has been arranged for October 30 at the Treasury Department, in which representatives of Colgate-Palmolive -Peet, Regraded Unclassified - 5 - 70 Prootor & Gamble, Lever Bros., General Foods, and General Mills will participate. Statistics and examples illustrative of the cooperation extended to the Army, Navy and Marine Corps in Defense Savings radio activities have been compiled. (Herewith in three binders) PRESS Mailings to the labor press have been started with a matted picture of William Green initiating union pay- roll allotment activities in Seattle; and a cartoon especially drawn for the Defense Savings Staff by Daniel R. Fitzpatrick, famous cartoonist of the St. Louis Post Dispatch. Defense Bond emblems in color for use on covers have been sent to the publishers of 38 magazines of large circulation in the fiction, women's and other fields. For use daily from November 9th until Christmas a series of 1-col mats (one for each day) carrying "39 Shopping Days to Christmas", etc., with Minute Man emblem and "Give Defense Savings Bonds and Stamps" is being sent to the 1550 daily newspapers. -- Regraded Unclassified Alaska RAND MENALLY NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA WYOMING / UTAH IDWA NEBRASKA INSURANCE ILLINOIS proo % KENTUCKY COPYRIGHT ST SAND COMPANY CHICAGO LOOSE LEAF OUTLINE MAP ALABAMA LOUISIANA the KEY: State and Wcal Committees Organized State Committees Organized Administrators and/or Chairmen Appointed Not started 101 80 Hawaii UNITED STATES . en 100 - see and 800 MILES Regraded assified 72 MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY. October 24, 1941. Mail Report Mail during the past week has followed the name lines M shat abstracted B. week ago. There has been a great falling off in comment on the 6% statement, but the proportion of those for and against remaine the same. This also holds true in regard to the speech on inflation. Many letters thanking the Secretary for copies distributed to names on lists held by the Defense Savinge Staff have been re- ceived and filed since no acknowledgment is necessary. However, e separate brief abstract on these is being kept and will be available when returns are all in. Letters of protest continue to deal mostly with economy in Government, and curb for Union labor. Anti-British, Anti-Russia and Anti-Wer letters remain the same, with a slight increase in the latter due to 8 number of proteste against any change in the present Neutrality Act. There have been very heavy returns to the 20,000 letters sent out to banks in connection with the Foreign Funds Control work. We have been receiving from 50 to 100 in every mail for the last few days. The tenor of these letters 18 friendly and empreciative of the offer of Treasury cooperation. In general, all the comment mail has been much less this VISE. Regraded Unclassified - 1 - 73 FAVORABLE Comments on Bonds Miss N. Isabel Schmidt, Lexington, Ky. Your letter of Sept. 24 came, has lain on By writing table not forgotten at any time; the reminder it brings of the privilege that is mine, the privilege of helping, of serving, leads to this writing today. Thank you and will you please send in my name one $100 Defense Savings Bond Series E. Enclosed please find my check for $75. John H. Boogher, President, Ward County Water Improvement District #, Grandfalls, Texas. It was & pleasure to receive your letter of Oct. 2nd, and it has been a pleasure to stand firmly behind the Administration of which I had a share in the making July, 1940, at Chicago. I am enclosing a further $4,000 for which send me four U. S. Defense Bonds Series G. Regraded Unclassified - 2 - 74 UNFAVORABLE Comments on Bonds Carl W. Engstron, N.Y.C. If my Government expecte me to serve and to share in the cost of the defense program by buying Defense Bonds, I certainly expect the Government to economise and to eliminate all non-defense projects and, also, to do something about the strikes that are causing interruptions and delays to the defense program and costing the taxpayer money and the money from the Defense Bonds I am buying used for such purposes. Biltmore Cleaning & Laundry Service, Biltmore Hotel, Los Angeles, Calif. We have just received B. letter from your office requesting that we in- vest in Defense Savings Bonds. With same mail we are informed by our local dealer that Priorities Director, Donald Nelson, has imposed rigid controls on chlorinated solvents, and that there will be no more avail- able to dry cleaners. If this is correct, we will be forced out of business. It does seem that in extending all out aid to foreign countries and making the U. S. the "Arsenal of Democracy", it might be well to remember that "Charity Begins at Home", and take care of our own citizens before we bankrupt ourselves on idealistic theories of salvation abroad. Albert P. Groebl, Wester 011 Company, Big Spring. Texas. I have pur- chased and intend to continue purchasing your bonds, and have encouraged others to do likewise: however, I am often confronted with discussions tothe contrary on points meriting consideration. . I am asked, "Why does not our President deal firmly with the Radical element?" He has the third term; 1s it necessary to play politics any longer? The English are crying for supplies and equipment, and we are told our schedule is behind - and 90% of the people realize it is due partly to strikes - jurisdictional disputes. Regraded Unclassified - 3 75 UNFAVORABLE Comments on Speeches Clifford H. Bissell, Berksley, Calif. I an not se much impressed by your speech as I might be, eince this (opposition to vage control) seems to indicate that you are opposing the very things you advocate in it. ... I have already bought several U. S. Savings and Defense Bonds for myself and By children, and in view of the necessary prepara- tions to which the monster Hitler has forced us, I realise that high taxes are unavoidable, but I AM not BO clear how prosperity is furthered and inflation warded off by diminishing everybody's purchasing power, in other words, by making everybody poorer. ... Everything in the present Government set-up sooms to favor labor racksteers. Why does not the U. 5. do something to control them? The strikes in essential defense industries have been and are disgraceful, though of course Hitler does not think so. Eliot Blackwelder, Stanford University, Calif. It 1a true that buying Government Bonde will be a big help toward checking inflation. But sell- ing Bonds, levying heavy taxes, and enforcing the other measures which you propose, will be wholly inadequate. Other factore, asong which farm prices and industrial wage rates are the most important, are inscapable factors. You seen to have no definite plan for dealing with them effec- tively. ... I am now going to wait to buy Bonds until I ... clear avidence that the Government is going to take adequate measures to deal with those two elements of the problem. Ralph Snyder, Wichita Bank for Cooperatives, Wichita, Kan. I am in receipt of your pamphlet, "The Fight Against Inflation". ... It seems to me that you have overlooked some essential points and have ignored some conditions in your analysis of this situation. You say that "The moet effective way to prevent a damaging rise in prices is, quite simply, to release surpluses from storage". Then you go on to call the attention of the housewife to the fact that she is paying fifteen per cont more for flour and cotton goods when we have a heavy surplus on hand, end suggest that we throw the gates open to importe from Canada. You compare this situation with Cuban sugar. Let me call your attention to the fact that we have in wheat an export commodity, supported as to price by a coopera- tive arrangement between government and producer, while we never did produce enough sugar in this continent to supply our needs. ... The only way ve can expect to increase our supply of food products in by some assurance of a fair price, based on the price of the goods ve (the farmers) must buy. "Parity prices", which have been approximated through the offices of the AAA, seens to be the only practical vay. ... I would like very much to distribute any literature that will help to prevent an undus inflation, but with the labor vage scale nearly two hundred per cent above parity, and many other services and industrial products about as much out of line, I bestitate to broadcast anything that attacks as a major menace agricultural products that show but one per cent over parity prices. Regraded Unclassified 76 GENERAL COMMENTS Austin J. McArdle, (M. J. Corbett & Co.) I. T. C. I have just received notice advising me that "the Secretary of the Treasury" announced that subscriptions to the cash offering of 21% Treasury Bonds 1967/72 are cut to 128% I as a small subscriber, and asked for $3,000 worth of these bonds, and really wanted $3,000 worth. I suppose I should have over- subscribed and asked for $24,000 worth. Why is it that the small man gets squeezed on every side? On the one hand the Treasury Dept. throttles him with taxes, and on the other hand you let the large institutions gobble up the Treasury Dept. investments. Is there any reason why those who subscribed up to say $5,000 worth should not get their allotment in full, first? Can you give me one good reason? Miss Mary A. Duffy, Jersey City, N. J. Please Mr. Secretary, let us have a tax savings plan for the small income group. I have just re- ceived the second folder from you covering the Tax Savings Plan. My salary is under $1,500, and anyone who has made this small salary knows there is never as such as $25 to put in any one thing in one month. If the Government would evolve a plan suitable for my income group, which would mean a saving of from $5 to $10 in units, it would not only be B. wonderful thing for low-salaried people, but for the Government too. ... I am on your mailing list because I own five Baby Bonds. The reason I was able to buy these bonds is because we had a dollar-a-week savings plan in our office. It would have been out of the question for ne to have purchased them at $18.75 in one lump sum. V. M. Smith, Sales Manager, Liberty Show Printing Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. The writer knows and appreciates the fact that you, like all of us, are having your problems these days, and as a result ve dislike adding more burdens to your job. However, because of 8. matter of principal, and, at the same time, a matter of a few dollars - which, after all, are just as important to us, if not more so, than to the Government - we would appreciate your time to consider the following. (Tells of an order for lithographed material accepted on the basis of 2% discount, ten days: net, thirty days. Three months elapsed since bill vas sent and check received in payment deducted the 2%, short-changing the company $38.) A rectification or an explanation of this matter will be appreciated. Regraded Unclassified Miss Chauncey 77 October 24, 1941 CONFIDENTIAL Dear Mr. Kaske: Permit - to acknowledge, on behalf of Secretary Morgenthan, the receipt of your letter of October 23. 1941, enclosing your compilation for the week ended October 15, 1941, showing dollar disbursements out of the British Rapire and French accounts at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the means by which these expenditures were financed. Faithfully years, (Signed) D. W. BELL Under Secretary of the Treasury. Mr. L. W. Knoks, Vice President, Federal Receive Bank of New York, New York, New York, imc - 10/24/41 (Init.) P.D. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 78 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATEOctober 24, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Barnard I transmit Mr. Mack's weekly report which is somewhat changed in form and details but is lacking data as to actual deliveries which I have asked him to include as soon as the necessary machinery for it can be put in shape. The substance of the first page of the report I discussed with you yesterday. cub Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 79 PROCUREMENT DIVISION OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR WASHINGTON THE SECRETART: October 24, 1941 unsnita report of lend-lease activities for the week ending -5. envirotion with tre _reparation of material for the Midget Persional wearings during the vast six weeks havin to do Incosed lend-lease purchases from Rovenber 1041, to ebroar ice, It is insicated, will approximate monthly, 100 mede wlans for the handling of this new work. we have talked with the tureau of the Eugget informally acout to: regirements of proximately 200 edditional employees Het the Seconá Lend-Lease Act has neen approcements ::: for = formal Todget hearin to octnic the wrea of t'c III royal and E tentative date has SO set for Tuesday Caboer 25. mentine, however, we are otilizin ,rosent ill positions and, imedistel: upon Quaret +1 poysl of inistrative expenses required, steps will Le taken the e loyees on the rolls in order that WS All neve some vovite traising before purchase faltions are received tuo Secund Lend-Lease Act, which we expect will reach our roups about the middle of November. a IN: now supplementin our purchase "roups in anticipation of " to ram 88 the Purchase Division will Le the first Franch staten 4 the increased load, whereas the volume will not hit the vivision until December or early January. however, immediate vents are being made as to personnel, space and equipment in To be ready for the expected increase in purchase activity the Second Lend-Lease program. le Inspection and expediting personnel in the fieli will be Increased to take care of the expected additional volume Harters -roup of technical men is to be created to Las 20 ress expediting and delivery. Clifton 5. act. rector 0. Procurement -10 Regraded Unclassified 1 eport - Lause-Lend Physicas (10/17/-1 - 10/04/41) RESISTIONS On hand (as 01 beginding of week) voz, 400.02 RE/DISTITONS RECEIVED DUNT. NEEK 17,478,974.50 TOTAL $ 213,536,464.02 LESS: AWAITING ALLOCATION OF FUNDS $ 40,034,724.75 REQUISITIONS AWAITING CLEARANCE BY O.P.I. 17,840,702.28 REQ ISITIONS AWAITING ALLOCATIONS OF MATERIAL BY O.F.B. 28,479,020.00 TOTAL $ 86,354,527.73 TOTAL REQUISITIONS ON DAID AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE $ 127,183,936.29 PURCHASES DURING THE WEEK 6,494,439.04 BALANCE REQUISITIONS ON BAND AWAITING FINAL PURCHASE ACTION $ 118,689,497.25 Note: Specific information relative to deliveries and delays in deliveries is not available at this time, but upon completion of machine tabulation arrangements which is expected shortly, such data will be made available from the inception of the program. As of October 16, 1941, there was a lag of approximately 40,000 tons in the October steel delivery schedule. The steel mills were contacted and assurances received that an effort will be made to make up the lag before the end of the month. The shortages of delivery were primarily with U. S. Steel Corporation and Bethlehem Steel Corporation. 80 As of October 22, there were 155,000 tons of steel at shipside awaiting overseas shipment. Regraded Unclassified .... 20- - 00mg ACTOR'S DA 1 or ITY AND OR VALUE DA-TPS-957 General Motors Oversees 0.3. / 2,100.00 (Adj. Ada) Operation DA-7PS-963 General Votors Overseas If 180.00 (Adj. Add) Operation DA-TPS-1467 SKF Steels, Inc. If 3,437.15 (Adj. Add) DA-TPS-1606 Oil Well Supply Co. H -2,088.10 (Adj. Deduct) DA-TPS-1595 Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. " 605.44 (Adj. Add) DA-TPS-1567 Heintz Hz. Co. If Drop Forgings 90,000 ca.483,675.00 : --- --- Metals Reserve China Copper 3,000,000lbs. 352,500.00 : --- --- Vetals Reserve U.K. Copper 16,000,0001bs. 1,860,800.0 DA-TPS-986 General Motors Overseas If -2,050.00 (Adj. Deduct) Operations TPS-TPS-1096 General otors Corp. If Drop Morgings 10,700 ea. 96,687,50 DA-TP5-529 United Aircraft Corp. If Drop Forgings 17,000 ea. 308,585.00 DA-TPS-1588 Atlantic Steel Co. If ./ire Kode -5,219.42 (Adj. Deduct) Sharon Steel Corp. = DA-/TPS-1561 Rolled Strip -2,272.03 (Adj. Deduct) DA-TPS-1568 Bethlehem Steel Export Co. 11 Barbed ..ire 43,027.00 (Adj. Deduct) 3 American Steel Foundries 11 DA-TPS-1633 Friction Draft Gear 2,000 sets 58,000.00 DA-1PS-1672 Anaconda Sales Co. China Zinc Slab 618,000 lbs. 50,985.00 81 DA-TPS-1873 The New Jersey Linc Co. If Zinc Slab 510,000lbs 42,075.00 Regraded Unclassified RUMBER TOTAL VALID 04-TP5-1674 St. Jose h Lead Co. Chine Zinc sint 192,000lbe. o 24,090.00 D. S. Smeltin- Refinin 11 DA-TPS-1675 Zinc 80,00015s. 8,600.00 & wining Co., Inc. DA-TPS-1678 American Zinc Co. of 111. U.K. Zinc Slab 2,200,0001bs.162,580.00 Du Pont de Nemours Co. " DA-TPS-1679 Zinc Slab 430,0001b. 32,852.00 DA-TPS-1682 Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co." Zinc Slab 760,0001b. 57,836.00 The New Jersey Zinc Co. " DA-TPS-1684 Zinc Slab 408,0001b. 33,660.00 DA-TPS-1685 St. Joseph Lead Co. " Zinc 3lab 234,000lb. 19,305.00 DA-TPS-1686 U.S. Smelting Refining & Mining Co., Ino. If Zinc Slab 64,0001b. 5,280.00 DA-TPS-1702 Inland Steel Co. If Angle Splice Bars -6,092.64 (Adj.Deduct) DA-TPS-1735 Sheffield Steel Corp. = Track Spikes 220.84 (Adj. Add) DA-TPS-1796 Oil Well Supply Co. " Fittings 1,890ea. 29,011.70 DA-TPS-1810 Wyman Gordon Co. If Drop Forgings 3,000ea. 237,000.00 DA-TPS-1817 Wyman-Gordon Co. " Drop Forgings 2,000ea 102,000.00 DA-TPS-1713 National Plywood Inc. " Veneer BirchAirscrew 150,000.00 DA-TPS-1183 Ducyrus-Erie Co. " Water wall Drills 12 100,266.75 DA-TPS-1601 Buffalo Forge Co. " Forges 72 6,296.40 DA-TPS-1645 The Celotex Corp. If Bagasse 2,750T 36,300.00 82 Regraded Unclassified CONTRACT 5.181- ESR TRU UM UNITY ATTIT TOTAL AL DA-TPS-1718 Rock it Sales e Service Inc. 1.1. Jackrods + 11,968.00 DA-TPS-1722 Americ.n Radiator is Standard S 11 Radiator 270 3,348.00 SAnitery Corp. DA-TPS-1802 The Timken Roller Bearing Co. II Bearing 2,243.96 DA-TPS-1811 Phelps-Dodge Copper Products Corp. If Conductor Copper 456,794.90 DA-TPS-1462 Bucyrus Erie Co. " Shovels 2 96,728.00 DA-TPS-1785 American Chain & Cable Co. " Hoists 110 15,145.40 DA-TPS-1852 The Jaeger Machine Co. If Mixers 80 183,247.20 DA-TPS-1865 American Electric Furnace Co. If Electric Furnace 1 2,157.55 DA-TPS-1868 The Jaeger Machine Co. If Mixers 40 91,623.60 DA-TPS-1801 The Linde Air Products Co. If Plants, liquid 3 496,861.00 Oxygen DA-TPS-1268 Caterpillar Tractor Co. If Tractors 6 53,419.88 Graders 2 DA-TPS-1720 Maywood Chemcal Works # Theobromine 50# 137.50 DA-TPS-1424 R. G. Le Tourneau Inc. " Scrapers 26 117,386.60 Beach Mfg. Co. II DA-TPS-1744 Spindle Shaper 21 12,579.00 Carrier Corp. " DA-TPS-1751 Air Conditioning 2 59,800.00 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co. " DA-TPS-1667 Electric Nut Runner 42 sets 1,560.30 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corp. if Electric Hammers 2,471.00 DA-TPS-1666 83 Regraded Unclassified CONTRAC - MUSER CONTRACTOR'S MALE nom would __'PAL VILLE DA-TPS-1723 Wicholson file Co. T.R. icholson rand 2602 dor. is 8,830.00 viles DA-TPS-1556 Shell Chemical Co. If Acetone 525.280 36,769.60 DA-TPS-1665 Independent Pneumatic Tool Co." Electric Drills 5,131.00 DA-TPS-975 R. J. Prentiss & Co. Inc. If Digatalis Seeds - 33.60 (Adj. Deduct) DA-TPS-1438 Lime Locomotive Works, Inc. " Spare Parts 6,588.55 DA-TPS-1246 Ceterpillar Tractor Co. " Tractors 225 1,147,965.64 DA-TPS-1726 Reminaton Rand Inc. " Parts for Type- 2,023.95 writers DA-TPS-1457 Bucyrus-Erie Co. 11 Lifting cranes 10 71,056.60 DA-TPS-1730 Royal Typewriter Co., Inc. 11 Parts for Royal 720.65 Typewriter DA-TPS-1723 Woodstock Typewriter Co. " Parts for woodstock 116.29 Typewriter DA-TPS-1729 Underwood Elliott Fisher Co. " Parts for Underwood 1129.64 Typewriter DA-TPS-1727 L.C. Smith & Corona Typewriter If Parts for L.C. Smith 397.60 Typewriter DA-TPS-1858 Bowell Roller Bearing Co. Bearings 7,742.50 DA-TPS-1867 The Torrington Co. = Bearings 2,245.00 il DA-TPS-1861 Norma-Hoffmann Bearing Corp. Bearings 660.00 SKF Industries Inc. If DA-TPS-1860 Bearings 8,763.00 General Lotors Sales Corp. II DA-TPS-1859 Bearings 4,050.00 Hyatt Bearing Division. Regraded 84 Unclassifie COMPODITY JAMITY TAL VALUE DA-TPS-1589 inthrop chanical Co., 1.7. At: rine "/e let: 2000. 8,750.00 VA-TPS-1562 Cherical 10. Il Tannic Acia 1000# 1,130.00 MA-TPS-1563 Abcott Laboratories 11 Trinsparine Lydro- 12,000 oz. 2,160.00 chlorice Solution DA-1PS-1577 Merck & CO., Inc. 11 Solution Zormaldenyde 450# 68.62 DA-TPS-1578 Geo. Luders & Co., Inc. If Oil of Citronella 1,000# 900.00 DA-TPS-1581 E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co. If Alum Powdered 4,400, 193.60 DA-TP3-1587 Wellinckrodt Chem. works " Barium Sulphate 5500# 522.50 DA-TPS-1592 Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc. H Potassium Iodide 800# 1,080.00 DA-TPS-1593 Chipman Chemical Co., Inc. Il Sodium Arsenate 11,200# 1,092.00 DA-TPS-1580 Heyden Chemical Corp. If Methyl Salicuylate 20,150# 7,455.50 DA-TPS-1579 Magnus, Mabee & Reynard Inc." Oil of Citronella 1792# 1,632.40 DA-TPS-1450 Winthrop Chemical Co., Inc. If Atabrine Tablets Plasmochin 100C 3,850.00 Chas. Ofiger & Co., Inc. " DA-TPS-1594 Iodine Resualined 280# 560.00 /illismette Eyster Co. If VA-TPS-1185 Hyster CarryKrane 4,475.00 DA-TPS-1786 The Creseent Maeline Co. IT Crescent 4 Speed Lathes 9 3,210.75 DA-TPS-1832 J' N. wills Lunber Co. If Red Cak 500,000 23,750.00 Lamson Lumber Co., Inc. n DA-TPS-1828 Red Oak 2001 EM 12,000.00 Regraded 8 Unclassified obilo ..iver SoW 311 00. D.K. sea Onlo 100 0,450.00 M-1F5-1022 American Fitch Pine xport Co. If Red Jak 150 3,825.00 A-TPS-1823 The Atlantic Lumber SO. " Red oak 446211 24,525.00 DA-TPS-1824 Chicago ill & Lumber Co. II Red Oak 110 MM 6,820.00 DA-TPS-1825 Denkinenn Lumber Co. " Red Oak 100MBA 4,760.00 DA-TPS-1826 Hallett Mfg. Co. If Red Oak 140MbN 5,782.50 DA-TPS-1827 J. M. James Lumber Co. If Red Oak 15MIN 677.50 DA-TPs-1829 Miller & Co., Inc. " Red Oak 26,800.00 DA-TPS-1831 Robinson Lumber Co. 11 Red Oak 150 MEI 9,150.00 DA-TPS-1821 S. E. Adams Lumber Co., Inc. If Red Oak 16 100 1,120.00 DA-TPS-1783 Maurice 1. Grundy " white Ash 1,950.00 DA-TPS-1773 Anderson Tully O. If white Ash 25,549.50 DA-TPS-1776 Angelina Hardwood Co. If white Ash 7,107.00 Santee River hardwood Co. " DA-TPS-1777 white Ash 3,110.00 H DA-TPS-1778 Thompson-Ketz Lumber Co. White Ash 2,880.00 DA-TPS-1779 White lood Products Co. IT White Ash 29,962.50 Robinson Lumuer Co. = DA-TFS-1782 White Ash 23,030.00 86 Bendix Products Div. a DA-TPS-1551 Cerburetors F. Parts 1,454.00 Regraded Unclassified CONTRAC, CONTRACY.R'S AB live, our TITY OPAL VALIE DA-TPS-1845 Birds Eye yeneer Co. 0.6 Veneer Firch & 72,437.50 DA-TP.-1921 The Celetex Corp. = Fiver oard 56,158.77 DA-TPS-1920 United States Gypsum Co. If Fiber Board 8,010.00 DA-TPS-1784 Ingersoll Rand Co. II Pumps 8,040.00 DA-TPS-1933 Birds Eye Veneer Co. It Veneer Birch 12,144.00 DA-TPS-1748 Northfield Foundry and Mch.Co. If Hend Feed Planing Mchs. 19,370.40 DA-TPS-1886 Bloedel Donovan Lumber Mills If Douglas Fir 18,000.00 DA-TPS-1885 Dant & Russell Inc. " Douglas Fir 59,400.00 DA-TPS91708 Wallace and Tierman Co. Il Chloramine 38,880.00 DA-TPS-1935 Alvey Conveyor Mfg. Co. If Gravity Rollers 7,666.00 DA-TPS-1374 Caterpillar Tractor Co. If Caterpillar Tractor 15,707.32 DA-TPS-1277 Ingersoll Rand Co. 11 Spare Parts 9,376.40 DA-TPS-1277 Ingersoll Rand Co. 11 Spare Parts 13,197.70 DA-TPS-1584 Cummins Engine Co. = Diesel Engines 107,331.20 DA-TPS-1791 Caterpillar Tractor Co. If Electric Generator sets 81,705.48 DA-TPS-1490 Swift & Co. " liide Butts 46,102.00 DA-TPS-1892 Haskelite Mfg. Corp. = Veneer Birch, Aircraft 141,280.00 87 DA-TP5-1781 Mobile River Mill Co. = White Ash 7,565.50 Regraded Unclassified CONTRAS Do AUT DA-TVS-1780 Lemson Lumber Co. WAS ..hite & 20,650.00 DA-TPS-1774 Bankster Lumber Export Co. It hit. Ash 22,520.00 DA-TPS-1449 Chicago Rawhide Life. Co. China Lelt Dresser and Dement 330.00 DA-TPS-1882 Mundet Cork Corp. " Dasket, sheet 210.00 DA-TPS-1870 American Chain & Cable Co., Inc. If Pins, cotter, split 376.77 DA-TPS-1468 Pennwell Oil & Beltin Co. O.K. -972.00 (Aoj- Deduct) DA-TPS-1789 Royle Mfg. Co. If Drums 55 ga. 20,000 65,600.00 DA-TPS-1856 The Peck, Storo & Velcox, Co." II Shears, foot 9 1,697.40 DA-TPS-1854 Ford Chain Flock Div. of American Chain & Cable Co., Inc. " Crane, 6 634.80 DA-TPS-1952 German Lumber Co. = Pitch Pine 200 % 17,450.00 DA-TPS-1913 General motors Sales Corp. II Bearings 1,153.90 DA-TPS81911 Roller Bearing Co. of America If Rearings 35.28 DA-TPS-1912 Rollway Bearing Co., Inc. = learings 1,640.00 DA-TPS-1596 Briggs a Stratton Corp. " Motor, gasoline 500 35,489.85 DA-TPS-1939 The Torrington Co. = Bearings 2,136.00 DA-TPS-1893 The John E. otter Co. = Veneer Birch Aircraft 52,650.00 DA-TPS-1940 The Torrington Co. II Bearings 2,723.70 Regraded Unclassified is ISI- et MAI 110.85 CO.: CUTY CAMITY TOTAL VALUE DA-TPS-1956 The Timken Roller Bearing Co. U.S. Bearings 12,466.00 DA-TPS-1954 General Motors Sales Corp. " Bearings 98,522.80 DA-TPS-1953 Bower Roller Bearing Co. If Bearings 9,227.60 DA-TPS-1819 Dictaphone Corp. " Recording Mach. 20 Transcriber 6 10,640.00 DA-TPS-1840 Champion Blower & Forge Co. It Forges 6 1,942.50 DA-TPS-1841 The Mac Leod Co. II Rivet Forge 4 380.00 .1 Total Purchases 10/17-to 10/24/41. $8,494,439.04 89 Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 90 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROMME. Barnard Attached for your information are letter received from Sir Clive Baillieu, Director-General of the British Purchasing Commission, and a copy of By reply. CVB Regraded Unclassified 91 218 K STREET N. W., WASHINGTON, D.C. TELEPHONE REPUBLIC 7860 BRITISH PURCHASING COMMISSION October 24th, 1941 Mr. Chester Barnard, Treasury Building, Pennsylvania Avenue and 15th Street, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Barnard, With reference to the conversations which I end some of my officers have had with you about arrangements for closer coordination of the work of the Treasury Procurement Department and this Commission, I am writing to let you know that we shall be most happy to accept your offer that we should appoint a representative or representatives of the Commission to work in the Procurement Department. For this purpose we have nominated Mr. G. Archer and Mr. A. McKim. Mr. Archer is a permanent civil servant and a senior officer of the Raw Materials Department of the Ministry of Supply in England. He has been with the Commission since the early part of this year and is wellknown to many officers of the Treasury Procurement Department. Mr. McKim, whose services have been lent to us by his firm in Canada, has been with the Commission for some eighteen months. He has a very complete knowledge of our organization and is also personally known to several officers of Treasury Procurement, Mr. Archer and Mr. McKim will be available to start work immediately in their new functions in the Treasury Procurement Department. Regraded Unclassified 92 - 2 - You mentioned to me the possibility that additional officers might be attached to individual sections of the Procurement Department. I think experience may well prove this to be & desirable development. I think we can, however, leave it to be explored further by Mr. Archer and Mr. McKim in association with Mr. Mack and his officers. Mr. Mack has suggested to us that two or more officers of his Department should be attached to us to carry out functions similar to those to be performed by Mr. Archer and Mr. McKim. I need hardly say that we should cordially welcome such an arrangement. I feel confident that these new arrangements for securing closer coordination between the Commission and Treasury Procurement will go 8. very long way towards securing the objective we all have in mind - the expediting of the process of supply - and I am most grateful to you for your help in bringing these arrangements to a happy conclusion. Very sincerely yours, Chri Bailler (Clive Baillieu) Director-General: OCT 241941 2:45 Regraded Unclassified 93 October 24, 1941 Sir Clive Baillieu, Director-Leneral British Purchasing Commission 1510 X Street, Northwest Washington, D. C. Dear Sir Clive: This acknowledges your letter of October 24th advising ne that Mr. Archer and Mr. MoKin have been appointed representatives of your Commission to work in the Procurement Division of the Treasury Department. These appointments are quite gratifying to as and 19 are delighted with you that arrangements for better coordina- tion of our joint endeaver are as well under way. Mr. Mack advises se that he is assigning Mr. Froman and Mr. Thompson to be attached to your office to carry est the functions similar to those of Mr. Archar and Mr. Wells, I need not add that I hope you will call on se whenever you think I can be of help. Yours very truly, Chester I. Barnard Assistant to the Secretary Regraded Unclassified 94 October 24, 1941 Secretary Morgenthau Mr. Barnard Attached for your information are letter received from Sir Clive Bailliou, Director-General of the British Purchasing Commission, and a copy of my reply. Regraded Unclassified 95 October 24, 1941 Sir dlive Bailliou, Director-General British Purchasing Commission 1518 I Street, Northwest Washington, D. c. Dear Sir Clive: This acknowledges your letter of October 24th advising no that Mr. Areber and Mr. McKin have been appointed representatives of your Commission to work in the Procurement Division of the Treasury Department. These appointments are quite gratifying to w and we are delighted with you that arrengements for better coordina- tion of our joint endervor are so well under very. Mr. Mack advises me that he is assigning Mr. Froman and Mr. Thempson to be attached to your office to carry out the functions similar to these of Mr. Archer and Mr. MeXin. I need not add that I hope you will call on no whenever you think I can be of help. Yours very truly, Chester I. Barnard Assistant to the Secretary Regraded Unclassified COPY 96 1518 X 31., I,V,, Mashington, D.C. Telephone Republic 7860 BAITISH PURCHASING COMMISSION October 24th, 1941 Mr. Chester Barnard Treasury Building Pennsylvania Avenue and 15th Street Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. Barnard, With reference to the conversations which I and come of my officers have had with you about arrangements for closer coordination of the work of the Treasury Procurement Department and this Commission, I - writing to let you know that - shall be most happy to accept your offer that me should appoint a repre- sentative or repres entatives of the Commission to work in the Procurement Department. For this purpose TO have nominated Mr. 0. Archer and Nr. A. MeKim, Mr. Archer is a perment civil servant and & cenior offi- our of the Rev Materials Department of the Ministry of Supply in England. Be has been with the Commission since the early part of this year and is well known to many officers of the Treasury Procurement Department. Mr. MoKim, whose services have been lant to us by his firm in Canada, has been with the Commission for some eighteen months. Be has a very complete knowledge of OUR organisation and is also personally known to several officers of Treasury Procurement, Mr. Archer and Mr. McKim will be available to start work imediately in their now functions in the Treasury Procurement Department, You mentioned to ne the possibility that additional officers might be attached to individual sections of the Procurement Department. I think experience may well prove this to be a destrable development. I think we can, however, leave it to be explored further by Mr. Artber and Mr. McXim in association wi th Mr. Mack and his officers. Mr. Mack has suggested to us that two or are officers of his Department should be attached to us to carry out functions similar to those to be performed by Mr. Archer and Mr. MoXim, I need hardly any that TO should cordially welcome such an arrangement, I feel confident that these D/V arrangments for securing closer coopdination between the Commission and Treasury Procurement will go & very long way towards securing the objective " all have in aind - the expediting of the process of supply - and I - most grateful to you for your help in bringing these arrangements to a happy conclusion. Very sincerely yours, (Signed) Give Buillieu Received 10/24/41 -2145 D.M. Cirsctor-Gen-ral Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 97 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1941 TO Ferdinand Kuhn, Jr. FROM Alan Barth EDITORIAL OPINION ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS: THE PRESS GROWS ANGRY Politics To editorial minds, the attack on the Kearny clinched the case for Neutrality Act repeal. Commentators and Washington correspondents alike appear to be in general agreement that both Congressional and public opinion are swinging rapidly toward the elimination of all the statutory shackles on our foreign policy. That sizeable segment of the press which has consistently supported the Administration in foreign affairs, despite an abhorrence for the New Deal, could not help rejoicing in the fact that the motion for Neutrality repeal in the Senate came first from B. trio of Republicans. Wendell Willkie is generally credited with having inspired the move. It is hailed in some comments as a shrewd political coup, in others as genuine minor- ity leadership in the service of the nation. Regraded Unclassified - 2 - 98 Since many newspapers have for some time urged outright repeal, they have no reluctance in echoing Mr. Willkie's charge that the President has presented his international program "by doses as though we were children." Most of them are aware, however, that if Mr. Roosevelt has sought piecemeal revision of the Neutrality Act, it is because Republican opposition has hitherto fought him at every turn. But, however transparent their delight in the "regeneration" of the Republican Party, editorial writers insist that there should be no politics in regard to Neutrality proposals. They are inclined to scoff slightly at Democratic proposals for removing the combat zone restrictions. The preponderant sen- timent is for doing away, not merely with the Neutrality Act, but with neutrality. Initiative Editorial discussion of the attacks on the Kearny, Lehigh and Bold Venture has a very different tone from that which pre- vailed in comment on the Robin Moor and Greer incidents. On the earlier occasions, the press followed the lead of the President; it urged the public to remain calm. But current editorials are written in genuine anger and seem designed to incite a sense of public outrage. Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 99 Again, as always within the broad pattern of policy which has become generally accepted, there is a quick response to the national leadership. The newspapers take their cue from Secretary Hull's observation that the State Department does not send notes of protest to international highwaymen; echoing the President, they treat these attacks as unmitigated acts of piracy. The Charlotte Observer heads an editorial with the bold- face query, "What Else Is It But War?" The Providence Journal declares, "This is deliberate and unrestricted war against the United States, of similar character to but more savage than the warfare which caused President Wilson to act in 1917 There is no course open to us but to defend our rights, not by asserting them, but by enforcing them." The dominant demand in the press is clearly for war against Germany, although not for a declaration of war. The Baltimore Sun, for example, asserts: "The President and the Congress should consider promptly the use of our navy and air force to drive all German and Italian raiders from all the seas.... Our national safety requires that we stop drawing imaginary lines. The war is total. The seas are total Our protection is to take risks -- and strike first." The editors have had more Regraded Unclassified - 4 - 100 than enough news of submarine attacks on American vessels. They want news of a Nazi raider sunk by an American destroyer. Passive defense no longer satisfies them; they want the United States to seize the initiative. The same feeling is manifest in relation to Japan. "The United States must seize the initiative from Japan ... with acts, not words," says The Philadelphia Record. War with Japan is commonly regarded as inconvenient at this time -- but by no means as wholly undesirable. The Wichita Beacon, hitherto not notably interventionist, remarks that "... the United States, while averse to sending an expeditionary force to Europe, can and will take direct action in the Pacific." A flurry of uneasiness was apparent in the press over the Maritime Commission's announcement that no more aid to Russia would be sent via Vladivostok. If there is one thing of which American editorial writers seem to be unanimously convinced, it is that in the Oriental lexicon a soft answer does not turn away wrath. "The situation demands absolute firmness," insists The Worcester Gazette. "Anything else would be fatal." Sensibilities The wholesale execution of French hostages has stirred & feeling of horror and indignation which seems to be deep and genuine. It utterly belies the postulate on which the Neutrality Regraded Unclassified - 5 - 101 Act was founded -- that Americans could remain indifferent to brutality and injustice anywhere in the world. If the news- papers of the nation are in any sense expressive of the people they serve, then they demonstrate unmistakably that this people is not callous. Earlier reprisal shootings by the Nazis were hailed here rather joyously as evidence of 8. rebellious spirit in the con- quered countries. But now there seems to be flowing out of this mass cruelty some understanding of the real nature of the Nazi menace to civilized society. Anger is replacing fear as the motive power conditioning American attitudes toward the war. And anger is the one emotion which can arouse a people from lethargy. Regraded Unclassified 102 TREASURY DEPARTMENT United States Mint Service San Francisco, Calif. October 24, 1941 Secretary of the Treasury, Treasury Department, Washington, D.C. Attention - Frank Dictrich Dear Sir: I am enclosing copy of a letter that I have today handed to the l'ederal Reserve Bank with check - also six copies of memorendum form 42-3. Hoping you will find everything in order and assuring you that I BIT: glad of the opportunity of serving you at any time, I an - Respectfully, /e/ P. J. Haggerty Superintendent. dopy:vw:10-27-41 Regraded Unclassified C 0 ? 103 Y October 24, 1941 Federal Reserve Bank, San Francisco, California. Gentlemen: There was on October 19, 1941 delivered to the U.S. Mint, San Francisco, 158,558.25 ounces of gold, which arrived in San Francisco on the SS "Dneprostroy" for the account of the State Bank of the U.S.S.R. Moscow. We were instructed by tele- gram from D. W. Bell, Acting Secretary of the Treasury (copy of which is attached) to instruct the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to transfer by telegram to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, for credit of the Secretary of the Treasury, Special Account, and to include in the telegram the number of - Fine Ounces 158,539.363 Dollar Value $5,548,877.70 Mint Charges $ 158.60 Net Amount $5,548,719.10 for which latter amount we are delivering you our check. The amount of one-fourth of one percent (1/4%) handling charge is $13,872.19. Yours very truly, /s/ P. J. Haggerty Superintendent Copy:vw:10-27-41 Regraded Unclassified 104 Outsber 24, 1941 Mr. D. V. Bell Mr. Dietgich Today there vas e meeting with the Delivian Minister regarding & stabilism tion agreement with that ceantry. Nothing consrote vas presented by de except that be thought that 11 would be a good 14am to have a proliminary discussion as to just what information the Treasury would require is connection vish $ stabilization agreement. the Minister stated that while be 414 met have the plans of Me forera- 2021, be thought that 11 would be looking for between five and eight million dollars to stabilise their currency. Items agreed that Mr. White weeld propare s set of invetions vhich would be given to the Minister next week. After personal of those questions by the Ninister, another meeting will be called. The Ninister Inquired If as export sould be sent to Polivia to curvey the monetagy and hearing situation M that country. Mr. White stated that there vas nobody available is the treasury for this task at the present time bel that 14 was his impression that Gasser, who Le nov assigned to Becader, veald be available perhaps at the one of the year. This question is to be gives further consideration. It developed during the meeting that there will be sent to Solivia experie to earny the minoral, agricultural and transportation fields. all of which will oventually be grouped together at the conclusion of the earvey with a view to establishing a leng-term program for Belivia. FD:da:kaa 10/24/41 (3) Regraded Unclassified 105 October 24, 1941 Mr. D. W. Bell Mr. Districk This afterases a meeting we hold with the Imaterion regarding the stabilization agreement. While the Aubancador ass not effer any you- yesal, a general disoussion use hold with his regarding the trade and finances of Houster. It was agreed that m. White reald P over the material on Bounder which be has is his possession and proyare, If DISCOUNTY, a liet of questions which would w of help be the Treasury is arriving at its decision regarding the agreement. from questions are to be propared by meet week and mother meeting will be called. While the letter of August 18 to State from the Finance Mater of mentioned a maism amount of U. 6. $5,000,000, I gathered free the meeting that this amount my be reinced to $3,000,000. $1,000,000 of which will be provided by Bounder. (Init.) F.D. D: da: 10/24/41 Regraded Unclassified C o P Y DEPARTMENT OF STATE 106 WASHINGTON October 24, 1941 In reply refer to y 894.5151/262 The Secretary of State presents his compliments to the Honorable the Secretary of the Treasury and transmite herewith a copy of despatch No. 1904, dated October 7, 1941, and B. copy of despatch 110. 1892, dated October 3, 1941, from the American Embassy at Lima, relating to banking and exchange transactions in Peru on behalf of German, Japanese and Swiss interests. The Secretary of State would appreciate the advice of the Secretary of the Treasury as to replies to be unde to inquiries in these despetchos. Inclosures: 1. From Embassy, Lima, No. 1904, October 7. 1941. 2. From Embassy, Lime, No. 1892, October 3. 1941. Regraded Unclassified C 0 ? 107 Lima, October 7. 1941. No. 1904 Subject: Combination of Japanese and German Banking Operations CONFIDENTIAL The Honorable The Secretary of State, Washington. Sir: I have the honor to refer to my despatch No. 1892 of October 3. 1941, relating to Japanese and other unusual exchange operations in Peru, and to submit the following supplementary information supplied by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru. The Banco Aleman Transatlantico of Lima has just approached the Central Reserve Bank on behalf of a "Swiss bank" with an offer to supply Swies france for the Peruvian government's use in providing funds for its diplomatic and consular officers in Europe. The German bank stated that if Central Reserve would deposit gold in Lima to the account of the German bank, the "Swise bank" in Shanghai would supply the corresponding amount in Swiss france. The offer is said to have been made verbally and the exact name of the Shanghai bank could not be given. The informant did recall, however, that it included the word "Asiatic." The German bank in Lima would forward dollars from this country to Shanghai. The amount of gold in question seems to be about thirty thousand dollare, equivalent to approximately one hundred thousand Swiss francs. The officer of the Central Reserve Bank at first requested that the Embassy inquire by telegram if the American government would object to such an operation. We replied that the case could be presented more clearly in letter form, and in any event we were inclined to doubt if the American government would be willing to go on record with any statement other than that all possible cooperation in such matters would be appreciated. The officer referred to expressed full agreement Regraded Unclassified 108 - 2 - with this point of view and stated that the bank wanted the details of this subject brought to the attention of Washington, and would like to receive any comments which the American authorities might wish to make. It is our understanding that the object of the conversations re- ferred to in this despatch and No. 1892 of October 3. is to obtain Swiss france for meeting the expenses of the Peruvian officers in Europe without dealing with German or Japanese banks, or with any others which may be objectionable to the United States. During the course of our most recent conversations, one of the sub-managers of the Central Reserve Bank stated that the German bank has no dollar credit in the Central Reserve Bank. Respectfully yours, R. Henry Norweb 851.6 JG/ds Copy: 10/24/41 Regraded Unclassified o 109 o P I Lima, October 3, 1941. No. 1892 Subject: Japanese and Other Unusual Exchange Operations in Peru in the Recent Past. STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL The Honorable The Secretary of State, Washington. Sir: I have the honor to submit the following information relating to recent Japanese and other unusual exchange operations in Peru, which was supplied voluntarily by the Central Reserve Bank of this country with the explanation that the bank desires to keep the American government currently informed of such operations. The specific request was made that the Central Reserve Bank be informed if this procedure is in any way inimical to the policies of the American government. The operations were effected for the purpose of facilitating & sale of Peruvian cotton, wool and certain other products. The local authorities felt that the needs of domestic exporters could be satisfied in this way, and that the nature of the transactions could not be considered as opposing any important objective of the democratic nations. However, the officers of the bank stated that their perspective is limited and that the opinion of the Department would be very valuable. Imports of gold: The Japanese vessel "Noto Maru" on September 22 disembarked in Callao seven boxes containing fourteen bars of gold containing 6,775.581 fine ounces valued at $/1,506,821.74, which were purchased by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru, Peruvian paper currency against this gold shipment was paid out to cotton exporters. Regraded Unclassified 110 - 2 - exporters. Over one million soles was for Japanese cotton purchases, & considerable amount of which VAN sold by Anderson, Clayton & Co., 5. L. and Alexander Eccles & Company, according to officers of the Central Reserve Bank. The Central Reserve Bank has now been informed that an additional shipment of gold will arrive in Callao during the first half of October. This shipment vill be composed of thirty-eight bare contain- ing 17,931.477 fine ounces, valued at $627,601. The proceeds will be used for purposes similar to those explained above. The officers of the Central Reserve Bank asserted that if the American government has any objection whatsoever, this shipment of gold will be rejected and returned to Japan, although they expressed the opinion that they could forsee nothing of the sort in the cir- cumstances which at present are known to them. It was stated that the gold bars received in the first shipment were stamped with the Japanese assay mark, Operations in yen currency: During July, August and September, the commercial banks of Peru sold s/12,383,909 of yen and purchased $/9,589,108 of yen, according to the compilations of the Superintend- ent of Banks. A more detailed statement of these operations in given on one of the enclosures to this despatch. Account opened by the State Bank of the U.S.S.R.: While speaking of the subjects described above, the officers mentioned parenthetically an interesting development which took place earlier in the year while the Russians were still associated with Germany. Although it 10 assumed that the Department will have been informed of the operation owing to the fact that the Chase National Bank of New York vas involved in the same, it is mentioned here as a matter of record. Under date of Jamary 1 the State Bank of the U.S.S.R. in- formed the Central Reserve Bank of Peru that it was willing to open a free dollar account. There were further communications, and on April 3. 1941, e. current account of one thousand dollars was opened through the Chase National Bank of New York, A specimen signature and a code were forwarded. It is essumed that the account current vas opened for the purpose of effecting mercantile operations-possibly with reference to sugar for Russia or for transactions on the behalf of Germany. The account has been idle and there has been no further corre- spondence on the subject since the Russians began hostilities against Germany. At the time this account vas opened the Central Reserve Bank consulted Regraded Unclassified 111 - 3 - consulted the British authorities and accepted the same with the con- sent of the British, according to statements made at the bank. Difficulty in obtaining Swiss france: The Central Reserve Bank authorities discussed in some detail an obstacle which has been encountered in transmitting funds for the expenses of the Peruvian diplomatic and consular officers in continental Europe. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York had been supplying Swies france, but several weeks ago informed the Central Reserve Bank of Peru that the supply of that currency in New York was low. According to the Central Reserve Bank authorities, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York suggested or intimated that Swies france might be obtained from the Swiss National Bank in New York, the latter supplying a certain amount of that currency for use of the officers in Europe referred to. The Swine National Bank subsequently informed the Central Reserve Bank that it did not care to receive further amounte of gold to be deposited in the United States, but suggested that the Buenos Aires branch of the Swise bank is in a position to accept such deposits of gold bars. On the poesibility of transferring gold bare to the Banco Central de la Republica de Argentina, the latter in- formed the Central Reserve Bank of Peru that the Argentine institution could not receive deposits of gold bars other than those bearing the assay marks which are recognized in Argentina. Consequently, the Central Reserve Bank requested the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to transfer to the Banco Central de la Republica de Argentina gold bare representing a value of approximately $100,000. The corresponding credit would be transferred to the Buenoe Aires branch of the Swime National Bank, and the central office of the latter in Zurich would make the Swiss france available to the Peruvian government officers. The last communication on the subject from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York was & telegram dated October 1, which is quoted in the copy of the Central Reserve Bank's letter of October 3 enclosed herewith. The authorities of the Central Reserve Bank have requested that the Embasey bring this matter to the attention of the Department of State with a request for such cooperation as may be properly rendered to this Peruvian institution in its efforts to care for the needs of the Peruvian diplomatic and consular officers in continental Europe. At Regraded Unclassified 112 - 4 - At the time this request was made, we inquired if the Central Reserve Bank had in mind any financial operations other than those relating to the needs of the Peruvian foreign service officers in Europe. The reply was that naturally the bank would not use any funds requested of the American government for purposes other than those declared. Respectfully yours, R. Henry Norweb Enclosures: 1 - Copy of letter to Federal Reserve Bank of New York from Central Reserve Bank of Peru dated October 3, 1941. 2 - Recent sales of yen by commercial banks of Peru. 851.51 JG/ds Copy:ime 10/24/41 Regraded Unclassified TRANSLATION 113 Enclosure No. 1 to despatch No. 1892 of October 3, 1941, American Embassy, Lime, Peru. COPY Lima, October 3, 1941. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York. Dear Sirs: SHIPMENT OF GOLD TO BUENOS AIRES We thank you for your cablegram of the 1st instent reading B.S. follows: "YOUR NUMBER 20 APPLICATION NOT APPROVED BY treaSury STOP TREASURY ADVISES WIll CONSIDER NEW APPLICATION WHEN AND IF REQUEST TO EFFECT TRANSFER OF GOLD IS MADE BY YOU" by which we understand that the Treasury has not given its approval to the sending of about $100,000 in gold of that which we hold in custody in your power to the Banco Central de la Republica Argentina of Buenos Aires. As you are aware through out previous correspondence on this subject, according to our letters of July 12 and 21, August 28 and September 20 last, our sole purpose is to deposit this gold in Buenos Aires in the name of the Banque Nationale de Suisse, Zurich, for credit to our account for that sum in Swiss france, in order to meet the monthly payments which we have to make to our Diplomatic and Consular Service on the European Continent. We have discussed this subject with the Commercial Attache to the Embassy of the United States at Lima, who has promised Regraded Unclassified -2- 114 us to write to the Treasury Department regarding the matter. As you advise us in your cablegram that the Treasury would consider a new application to make this transfer of gold, if and when it is made by us, we shall be grateful if you will inform us of the procedure we must follow in order to submit the direct application which the Treasury suggests to us. Thanking you for taking the trouble which we are causing you and awaiting your reply which we beg you to send by air mail, we remain, Yours very truly, BANCO CENTRAL DE reserva DEL PERU AV-MVC Tr:JVM:HSF Copy:bj:10-24-41 Enclosure 2 to despatch No. 1892 of October 3. 1941, American Embassy, 0 Lima, Peru. ? I 115 SALES OF YEN BY THE COMMERCIAL BANKS OF PERU DURING THE MONTHS MENTIONED: July 1941 Yen 841,452.- Less: Swaps If 40,000.- Yen 801,452.- August 1941 Yen 3'629,732.- Less: Swape # 47,944.- If 3'581,788.- September 1941 Yen 8'000,669.- # 8'000,669.- Yen 12'383,909.- PURCHASES OF YEN BY THE COMMERCIAL BANKS OF PERU DUR= ING THE MONTHS MENTIONED: July 1941 Yen 783,767.- Less: Swaps # 779,880.- Yen 3,887.- August 1941 Yen 3'617,728.- Less: Swaps 213.- Cancella- tions 74,501.- Yen 74,714.- # 3'543,014.- September 1941 Yen 7'930,485.- Less: Swaps 602,897.- Cancella- tions 1'285,381.- Yen 1'888,278.- # 6'042,207.- Yen... 9'589,108.- Lima, October 3. 1941 Copy:ec:10-24-41 Regraded Unclassified Reed upm. 10/24 116 TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1941. TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM H. D. White As you suggested, I inquired of Mr. Currie as to the request by Dr. Soong for an interview with the President. Currie informed me that he tried to get an interview with the President for Soong a couple of weeks ago but was informed that Soong should see Stettinius. It was also Currie's impression that Mr. Corcoran had since then arranged the interview with the President but he was not certain about it. Regraded Unclassified 117 Catabor m. 1991 Dr. Fele m. Motrich with reference to the cable delivered to you last sight for transmission to the American 'for backer from the Secretary of the Treasury' regarding M midross w dahn L. fullivan, in account paragraph of this meage the fellowing should be substituted "geveremental treasuries" is please of "the Federal treasury". I apello to Nice Leasville by whome this norming and requested that the substitution be cabled as non as persible. Mr. Boy Blough case in this norning and requested that the above our- rection be nade. (Init.) F.D. Flick 10-24-197 Regraded Unclassified 118 TELEGRAM SENT DES GRAY October 24, 1941 Noon. AMEMBASSY, LONDON. 4685. Department's 4670, October 23, 10 p.m. FOR CASADAY FROM SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. QUOTE. In second paregraph substitute "govern- mental treasuries" in place of "the Federal Treasury". END QUOTE. HULL (FL) FF:FL:VCL Regraded Unclassified PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED 119 FROM: American Consulate General, Hong Kong. DATE: October 24, 1941, 4 p.m. NO. : 445. THIS KESSAGE IS IN STRICT CONFIDENCE TO THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY FROM FOX. MESSAGE TF-H. The telegram which you sent on October 18, no. 350, should have been sent to Chungking. This telegram was repeased to Chungking although until it was relayed to Hong Kong I did not ⑉ it. Although I have not as yet had an opportunity to study all of the sections in telegram no. 350, under reference, I do believe that all of the questions raised in this telegram except that which involves the Banque Belge are answered in telegram TF-E, dated the 15th of October, from Cochran and Fox from Hong Kong and telegram no. 423 from Coohran, sent from Chungking on the 20th of October. I have not had an opportunity to discuss that with Hall-Patoh although I all sure that Whillips who is in Washington is informed. Before he left for Shanghai Mr. Cochran received sections one to five of the Department's telegram no. 350. The other 10 sections are being sent to him today by cable. Until further advided all cabled should be addressed to me at Hong Kong. OCI SOUTHARD ss REN THE 17*60 Regraded Unclassified P Y DEPARTMENT OF STATE 120 Washington In reply refer to II 511.20 (D) Regulations/4876 October 24, 1941 The Secretary of State presents hie compliments to the Honorable the Secretary of the Treasury and refere to the formers letter dated August 29, 1941 transmitting a peraphrase of telegram No. 3915, from the Ancrican Embasey at London, dated August 27, 1941. relating to control of exports to China. The Secretary of State transmite herewith with further reference to this subject paraphrases of telegrame No. 3947. dated September 19, 1941, and No. 4551, dated October 18, 1941, from the Department of State to the American Embassy at London, and 8 copy of telegram No. 4755, dated October 6, 1941, from the American Embassy et London. Enclosures: 1. To American Embassy, London, No. 3947. September 19, 1941. 2. To American Embassy, London, No. 4551, October 18, 1941. 3. From American Embessy. London, No. 4755, October 6, 1941. eh:copy 10-25-41 Regraded Unclassified 0 P Y PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM SENT 121 TO: American Embassy, London, England. DATE: September 19, 1941, 6 p.m. NO.: 3947. The courtesy of the British Treasury in supplying us with information concerning British treatment of exports to China is appreciated by the Department. You may convey to the British Government the following infor- nation concerning our policy as to exports to Chinat Such control may be exercised under the terms of either Executive Order No. 8389, as amended, or the Export Control Act of July 2, 1940. The export of all war materials and all other important items with the exception of raw cotton are covered by Proclamations which have been issued under the Export Control Act. It is believed that the British Government is fully informed with respect to this matter. In so far as the adminis- tration of this control 1s concerned, no licenses are being issued for the exportation of commodities on the export control liet to Japanese consignees in China. Nor are export licenses being granted to ship commodities on the list to other consignees in Shanghai and other Japanese occupied areas except when the shipments contemplated appear essential to the preservation of property operated or owned by British or American citizens, or when the ship- ments have some relation to the operation of local public utilities or to public health or in cases involving insignificant amounts of commodities. It should be noted that for some time the only licenses which have been issued for export to Japanese-occupied areas have been licenses for exports to Shanghai. Licenses are freely issued in the case of exports of controlled commodities to areas in China which are not occupied or controlled by the Japanese. Regraded Unclassified - 2 - 122 General License No. 58 issued under Executive Order No. 8389 authorizes under certain conditions all transactions incident to the import and export of goods between any part of China other than Manchuria and the United States. Refer in this connection to the text of the General License. Consideration is currently being given to the modification of this General License in the near future 60 as to make it more restrictive. It may be noted in this connection that representatives of the Treasury Department, the State Department, and the British Government are now considering the whole problem of integrating the freezing and financial controls of Great Britain and the United States with the financial controls of China. With respect to the inquiry of the British Government as to our policy with regard to cotton exports, cotton is not on our export control list and may, therefore, under General License No. 58, be exported to all areas of China with the exception of Manchuria. The Department is considering the problem of cotton exports and hopes to be in a position soon to send you further information. HULL 511.20 (D) Regulations/4672A FF:GL:ME ch:copy 10-25-41 PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM SENT 123 TO: American Embassy, London, England. DATE: October 18, 1941, 7 p.m. NO. : 4551. Although there is no issuance of licenses for the exportation of goods to Japanese consignees resident in China, the rejection or approval of license applications is not in general based on the criterion of nationality of the consignee but on the criterion of the use to be nade of the commodity: that is whether the use is one of those specified in the fourth sentence of the third substantive paragraph of the Department's telegram of September 20 (No. 3947). In addition when a shipment is for manufacture by reputable Chinese, British or American concerns in Shanghai and when the products BO manufactured would not be of substantial assistance to the Japanese war effort, it is considered that the ship- ment would be put to a legitimate use. The American Consul General in Shanghai furnishes the Department with information with regard to the reliability of consignees and the use to which material is to be put. Export licenses are granted only if it appears reasonably certain that materials will not be resold to Japanese nationals or persons who might in turn sell the materials to the Japanese. eh:copy 10-25-41 Regraded Unclassified 124 BS GRAY LONDON Dated October 6, 1941 Rec'd. 6:40 p.m. Secretary of State, Washington. 4755, October 6, 11 p.m. STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL FOR TREASURY FROM CASDAY Department's 3947, September 20, 6 p.m. Waley was pleased to receive the information transmitted in the above but now asks for an inter- pretation of the term "Japenese consignees" in the third paragraph of the above. He asks, "Does it mean firms controlled from Japan, or controlled by Japanese nationals in China, or merely any firm suspected for having a Japanese interest in it?" He would also appreciate any general comments as to criteria used in selecting consignees in China and as to methods of obtaining information about prospective consignees. WINANT PEG eh:copy 10-25-41 Regraded Unclassified For Miss Chaunoey TREASURY DEPARTMENT 125 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 24, 1941. TO Secretary Morgenthau CONFIDENTIAL FROM Mr. Dietrich Registered sterling transactions of the reporting banks were as follows: Sold to commercial concerns £45,000 Purchased from commercial concerns & 4,000 Open market sterling was again quoted at 4.03-1/2. While no transactions with commercial concerns were reported, we were advised that one of the New York banks sold £2,000 to & bank in Colombia. The Uruguayan free peso, which has shown a firm tendency 80 far this month, declined 50 points (1/2#) today to close at .4625. In New York, closing quotations for the foreign currencies listed below were as follows: Canadian dollar 11-1/16% discount Argentine peso (free) .2368 Brazilian milreis (free) .0505 Colombian peso .5775 Mexican peso .2070 Venezuelan bolivar .2630 Cuban peso 1/8% discount There were no purchases or sales of gold effected by us by foreign countries today. No new gold engagements were reported. In London, both spot and forward silver were again quoted at 23-1/2d, squivalent to 42.67#. The Treasury's purchase price for foreign silver was unchanged at 35#. 34-3/44. Handy and Harman's settlement price for foreign silver was also unchanged at We purchased 400,000 ounces of silver from the Bank of Canada. Today's vas the first silver bought from that source in October under our regular monthly agreement to purchase up to 1,200,000 ounces. D Regraded Unclassified 126 BRITISH EMBASSY, WASHINGTON, D.C. October 24th, 1941 PERSONAL AND SECRET Dear Mr. Secretary, I enclose herein for your personal and secret information a copy of the latest report received from London on the military situation. Believe me, Dear Mr. Secretary, Very sincerely yours, Halifax he Honourable Henry Morgenthau, Jr., United States Treasury, Washington, D. C. Regraded Unclassified 127 Telegrem from London dated October 23rd, 1941. H.M.S. "Aurania" has arrived in Clyde. In convoy reported attacked 21st, one British ship 4,099 tons was terpedoed and sunk and one British ship 5,281 tons, is missing. Several aircraft of Coastal Command took action against four U-posts sighted in vicinity of this convoy. Day of 21st aweepe were carried out over St. Omer area in the course of which 13 enemy fighters were destroyed and 4 damaged. 21 Blenheims attacked one motor vessel of 1500 tone and one schooner of 600 tone off the East Tunisian coast using 21 tons of bombs; schooner blew up and sank, motor-vessel was set on fire, Night of 21at/22nd twenty-four wellingtons made successful attacks on Naples. About 120 aircraft bombed Bremen, targets including Deutsche Schiff werke and eight Hudsons started good fires at Aarhue petrol harbour. Night of 22nd/23rd 161 aircraft despatched to deliver a heavy attack on Mannheim light attack on Havre and Breat. Enemy employed about 40 aircraft in widespread attacks over United Kingdom. Night fighters shot down 3 certain and one probable; no serious damage was caused. Russia, On 22nd October Molotov who had arrived from Moscow with other members of Soviet Government outlined situation to Ris Majesty's Ambassador as follows: (1)/ Regraded Unclassified 128 + (1) Leningred. Seviet Government were very concerned and were trying to improve their position. Germane had crossed Volkhov and were trying to advance Northeast but were being hold. (11) Moncow. Germens' break-through near Moshaisk October 14 was responsible for decision to evacuate Government authorities and diplomatic corps on October 15th. This break-through had now been held; Germans had only advanced a few kilometres and that only at expense of great losses. Although Germans had taken Kallinin a week ago, fighting was still going on there with Soviet infantry and tanks in occupation of Southern outskirts. Germans held the centre. West of Moscow bitter fighting was proceeding in the approaches to City but there had been no noticeable German advance since October 15th. (111) Southern Front. Position difficult, Germans advancing slowly towards Restov. (IV) Crimes. Germans were held on Isthmus but pressure was great. (v) Kharkov. Position steady. (VI) Molotov stressed that fighting spirit of people was quite unbroken. Regraded Unclassified RESTRICTED 129 MILITARY INTELLIGENCE DIVISION TENTATIVE LESSONS BULLETIN WAR DEPARTMENT No. 166 Washington, October 24, 1941 MID 461 NOTICE The information contained in this series of bulletins will be restricted to items from official sources which are reasonably confirmed. The lessons necessarily are tentative and in no sense mature studies. This document is being given an approved distribution, and no additional copies are available in the Militery Intel- ligence Division. For provisions governing its reproduction see Letter TAG 350.05 (9-19-40) M-B-M. GERMAN INFANTRY ASSAULT BATTALION SOURCE This bulletin is based upon a report submitted on July 19, 1941, by an American official observer in Berlin. The translated article, which was contained in the report, originally appeared in the Militär Wochenblatt, a semi-official German military publication. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2, CAPTURE OF VARENNES 3. COMMENTS BY OBSERVER RESTRICTED - 1 - Regraded Unclassified RESTRICTED 130 GERMAN INFANTRY ASSAULT BATTALION* 1. INTRODUCTION a. The translated article describes the action of an assault in- fantry battalion, with an exposed left flank, as it crossed the Marne River near Jaulgonne and captured Varennes, about 1000 yards south of the river. To comprehend the action fully, it should be recalled that the German infantry battalion 1s organized in general as follows: Headquarters, composed of Staff, 1 signal platoon, consisting of Headquarters, 4 back pack radio sets - 3 men each, 2 telephone squads; 3 rifle companies, each company composed of Headquarters, 3 platoons - each containing four rifle squads and one light mortar squad; 1 machine gun company, composed of Headquarters, 3 machine gun platoons - each containing two sections of two squads each, 1 heavy mortar platoon - - three sections of two squads each, each section equipped with 81-mm. mortar. The companies in an infantry regiment are designated numerically. The 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th Companies constitute the 1st Battalion: the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Companies constitute the 2d Battalion: the 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th Companies constitute the 3d Battalion. The 13th Company is the infantry cannon company, and the 14th Company is the regimental antitank company. The 4th, 8th, and 12th Companies are machine gun companies. The following article deals with the action of an assault "Two sketches, showing troop positions And movements, are attached at the end of this bulletin. The key which accompanies the sketches is based on British official information concerning German symbols, RESTRICTED - 2 - Regraded Unclassified 131 RESTRICTED infantry battalion which had been held up by strong hostile resistance. The commander of one of the rifle companies in this battalion, on his own initiative, moved his unit into the zone of an adjacent assmilt battalion and attacked the hostile resistance from the rear. thus enabling his own battalion eventually to accomplish its assigned mission. 3. CAPTURE OF VARENNES "On June 10, 1940, certain elements of the 2d and 3d Battalions of the 35th Infantry Regiment were rushed in trucks from the heights south of the Oureq to a front line point near Jaulgonne, on the Marne, They arrived at their destination too late - the enemy had blown up the bridge there at the last moment. The 10th Company of the 3d Battalion, however, attempted to gain a crossing near the destroyed bridge and became involved in A stubborn fight which lasted until evening. In the meantime, Chasseurs d'Ardennes and Colonial troops wore being cleaned out of Jaulgonne. A few divisional antitank weapons went into position along the Marne Valley Road and engaged hostile positions on the south bank of the river with high explosive projectiles, while Jaulgonne itself was baing bombed by enemy airplanes. "The hostile - southern - bank was strongly fortified, the onemy being installed in well-camouflaged field positions which were connected by trenches, Almost vertically, the banks on both sides of the river dropped down to the water's edge, six to eight feet below. "The 2d Battalion occupied the heights, just egst of Jaulgohne, from which A five-mile bend in the Marne could be observed. This steeply sloped hill, about 475 feet high. dominated the river bend and the adjacent valley. The left flank of the battalion was open. The battelion observation post WAB established on that part of the high ground occupied by the 8th Company. "In this position on the heights, the 8th Company, which WELE the machine gun company of the 2d Battalion, experienced the most satisfactory close-range employment of ita entire service on the Western Front. It used its heavy nortars to force the enemy from his prepared positions and then fired on hin with heavy machine guns, "The enemy's fire from his river positions continued to decrease throughout the afternoon until finally only intermittent nachine gun firs came from around Varennes and the woods enst of it. Fire from our OWD infantry accompanying gune and our artillery fell on Verennes, while enemy artillery fire was directed on Jeulgonne, especially on Its northeastern erit, "We observed hostile trucks continually moving reinforcements into Varennes from the west, These reinforcemente were worth-while RESTRICTED - 3 - Regraded Unclassified 132 RESTRICTED targets for the 150-mm. weapons of our infantry accompanying gun platoon. "At 3:10 P.M., the battalion assistant adjutant returned from the regimental command post with orders to reconnoiter at once for battalion crossings. He also had information that later in the day an assault group was to be sent against Varennes to determine whether the village was occupied, and if 60, how strongly. If the hostile force in Varennes were weak, the village and the heights south of it were to be captured at once by the 2d Battalion; in case Varennes were held in force, B bridgehead south of the Marne was to be established, "A crossing point was discovered near the eastern exit of Jaulgonne. The enemy continued to occupy B. few of his riverbank posi- tions, but the 6th Company (see Sketch No. 1), with a reconnaissance detachment attached, was ordered to carry out the detailed reconnais- sance for this crossing. "Four small inflated rafts arrived at 5:35 P.M. The machine gun company remained in position on the heights northeast of Jaulgonne, and elements of the 6th Company, from positions near the north bank, prepared to cover the crossing operations, The first pneumatic raft was lowered into the water at 6:20 P.M., and a sergeant with four riflemen and two light machine guns crossed over. A few enemy machine gun nests opened fire, but these were promptly silenced by our auto- matic weapons which were concealed along the north bank, and the nests were quickly cleared out by the men from the first two rafts. Soon raft after raft was crossing, and our troops were fanning out on the south bank on both sides of the crossing point. By 7:30 P.M. the 2d platoon of the 6th Company had crossed. More pneumatic rafte arrived, and by 8 P.M. the let platoon of the 6th Company and one heavy machine gan platoon were on the south bank. "At 8:30 P.M., after receiving last-minute instructions from the company commander, the assault group deployed, and at about 8:45 P.M. it started across the valley plain towards Varennes. It crossed the railroad track without encountering enemy resistance and continued to the northern edge of the village. There enemy fire came from every window, attic, and cellar, and bullets even whistled out of gardens and trees; the right flank of the group became engaged in house to house combat. It was Boon learned that Varennes was very strongly held, and when darkness set in a little later, the group withdrew to take cover along the railroad embankment. One antitank platoon, one heavy machine gun equad, and the remaining platoon of the 6th Company were sent across to reinforce the bridgshead along the railroad em- bankment. In accordance with orders from the regimental commander, the battalion commander remained on the north bank of the Marne during this assault. RESTRICTED Regraded Unclassified 133 RESTRICTED "About 11:30 P.M. an enemy counterattack from Varennes was repulsed (see Sketch No. 1). Antitank guno were used in this ection and some prisonere were brought in. At the same time, the 7th Company, with another heavy machine gun squad as well as a platoon of the 5th Company, crossed over and joined the 6th Company (see Sketch No. 1). "The enemy made another unsuccessful counterattack at 12:30 A.M. (see Sketch No. 1). Reports from prisoners brought in during the night indicated that Varennes as well as Courtemont and the inter- vening ground were strongly held by Chasseurs d'Ardennes and Zousves, who were being reinforced continually. The enemy had become aware of our threat to his defenses and WILB bombarding the crossing point. "During the night, the 6th Company, with R heavy machine gun platoon, furnished protection to the front and right flank from a position based on the railroad cut, The 7th Company furnished similar protection to the front and left flank from a position (see Sketch No. 1) on the other side of the railrond viaduct, which served as the boundery between the two companies. The lst platoon of the 5th Company protected toward the left rear. The 7th Company was charged with de- fense along the Marne. One antitank gun was placed in position on the approach to the viaduct. "At 5:45 A.M. the battalion adjutant was called to the regimental command post, where he received the regimental order which designated Verennes and the heights south of it as the attack objectives. The 2d and 3d Battalions were to attack abrenst, with the 3d Battalion on the right. Upon the return of his adjutent, the battalion commander issued orders to the attached light infantry-gun platoon - 75-mm. - to pay particular attention, during the attack of the 2d Battalion, to targets appearing on the left flank which could not be taken under fire by artillery. Soon the battalion staff and the heavy mortar platoon of the 8th Company crossed over. "The company commanders were ordered to assemble at 8:45 A.M. at the battalion command post on the south bank of the Marne (see Sketch No. 2). There the battalion commander issued the following oral attack order: "Battalion order for the attack against Varennes and the heights south of it: Enemy defends himself along the heights northeast of Varennes. Varennes, and the heights south of it, are strongly fortified. 35th Infentry attacks with 3d Bat- talion on the right and 2d Battalion on the left. Regimental attack objective: the heights, 5 kilometers south of Varennes, just beyond those woods. RESTRICTED - 5 - Regraded Unclassified 134 RESTRICTED Initial attack objective of this battalion: the height just south of Verennes. Boundaries... (see Sketch No. 2). The left flank is exposed because adjacent unit has not yet caught up. Attack begins at 10:05 A.M. The artillery fire upon Varennes, which began at 8:30 A.M., will increase to its highest rate from 9:35 A.M. to 9:45 Д.И. From 9:50 A.M. to 10:05 A.M. dive-bombing planes will operate against Varennes and the country south of it. Battalion attack formation: 6th Company in front on the right; 7th Company in front on left: 5th Company follows 200 meters on the left rear of the 7th Company and, above all, pro- tects the left flank. One heavy machine gun platoon remains attached to each of the assault companies; heavy machine guns from another infentry regiment give fire protection from heights north of the Marne. The attached light infantry-gun platoon, from position north of the Marne, fires upon targets of opportunity - above all, on any enemy appearing on the left flank, for which it already has individual order - and displaces forward after the battalion arrives at Varennes. Artillery lisison unit accompanies me; I follow the 7th Company. Next Battalion command post yonder, in front, at the railroad embankment. Radio to 6th Company. "The company commanders gave their orders And organized their companies. Our own artillery fire increased steadily, aided by artillery observation planes. The enemy artillery was shelling Jaul- gonne, the heights east of it, the observation post of the attached in- fantry-gun platoon, and the 1st Battalion command post - regimental reserve. "The artillery fire reached its peak at 9:45 A.M., and exactly at 9:50 A.M. the dive-bonbing planes arrived and began their attack. Varennes disappeared in smoke and dust. "At 10:05 д.м., the 2d Battalion formed for attack, and at first, only the 6th Company received nachine gun fire from Varennes. Targets could not be distinguished, because everything was still en- veloped in smoke, After a brief halt, the commander of the 6th Com- pany noticed that the 3d Battalion, on the right, was making un- hindered progress. He decided, therefore, to bear over to the right into the zone of this battalion and thus detour around Varennes (see Sketch No. 2). "The smoke and haze vanished, and hell sudienly broke loose in the 7th Company's zone. Deadly hostile fire vas received from the front, from the left, and from the left rear. The 5th and 7th RESTRICTED - 6 - Regraded Unclassified 135 RESTRICTED Companies were pinned to the ground in their zone of action, on the fint men terrain, which WAS covered with clover and grain up to 20 centineters - about 8 inches - in height. The northern edge of Warenes and the edges of the woods to the east and northeast of it were strongly occupied. "The battalion commander could find no trace of the 6th Con- pany. The radio group which had been ordered to advance with this company did not answer, and messengers and reconnaissance patrols sent to the 6th Company did not return. Connection with the regiment was also broken at this time, but toward 11 A.M. the following written message was sent to the regimental command post: "Battalion advance held up by strong hostile flanking movement from the woods northeast of Varennes. No connection with 6th Company. Request employment of 1st Battalion to re- lieve left flenk. "A duplicate of this message was dispatched et 11:16 A.M., since it was so doubtful whether a messenger could cross the open terrain in the valley. The regimental telephone detail arrived at the reilroad embankment about 12 noon, but immediately afterwards, hostile artillery fire broke the connection at the point where the telephone Iines crossed the tracks. "The 7th Company first coved its left and center platoons to the right in order to free themselves from the enemy and then con- timied cheed on the right, "The back pack radio detail, which had remained with the bat- talion in order to make contact with the 6th Company, finally succeeded after e long effort in contacting the regiment about 2:10 P.M. Com- -itment of the let Battalion on the left WAE announced by regiment. The following written message cane into the 24 Battalion command post at about 3:30 P.M. from the 6th Company: "Time sent: 12:10 P.M.: 6th Company reached first attack objective at 12 noon. No contact with 7th Company. "The messenger from the 6th Company reported that in contrast to the situation in the forenoon, the western enge of Varennes and the group of trees west of it were now strongly occupied. It had, therefore, taken him more than three hours to transmit the message. This meseenger on his return, accompanied by a battalion messenger, carried the following written order to the 6th Company: "Leave security groups behind, move south around Varermes, and attack the enemy from the rear. RESTRICTED - 7 - Regraded Unclassified 136 RESTRICTED "Meanwhile, the reconnaissance patrols of the 6th Company, which had been sent out to contact the 7th Company, observed an enemy motor column halted in a sunken road south of Varennes. By 2:30 P.N. this column had been put out of action. (See Sketch No. 2). "Beginning at 5 P.M., the noise of heavy firing coming from an easterly direction was heard at the battalion command post. The 1st Battalion had moved from the east into the woods east of Varennes. The machine gun fire from the left rear ceased; the 6th Company assault groups were doing their work, The explosions of hand grenades and the shouts of an asseult were heard coming from Varennes at 5:30 P.M. and from the woods east of the city at 5:45 P.M. "Hostile resistance decreased in the face of the 7th Company's advance into the woode. The enemy was surrounded, and the 6th and 7th Companies broke his last resistance with close-range fighting. The central and western parts of Varennes were still occupied, however, and the 5th Company was ordered to nop up the village. After hard, hand-to-hand fighting, some 600 prisoners, mostly black, were captured. "Meanwhile, the battalion recrganized and renewed the advance without meeting much resistance. About 10 P.M., the battalion com- mander reported orally by radio to the regiment: 'The day's objective has been reached!'" 3. COMMENTS BY OBSERVER a. This article discloses another instance in which the Germans used antitank weapons on artillery missions. The Germans consider such action to be practical when there is no hostile tank threat, and the same procedure, under similar circumstances, applies to their antiaircraft-artillery weapons. Antitank and antiaircraft crews, therefore, are provided with amminition appropriate to their probable targets. b. The inclusion of B heavy mortar platoon in the battalion machine gun company proved satisfactory against the French defenses on the south bank of the Marne. The mortars cooperated with the nachine guns by firing upon the French emplacements, causing the de- fenders to leave them, When the defenders were thus exposed they were taken under fire by the Germen machine gune. c. The Germans have made extensive use of their pneumatic rafts to overcome water obstacles promptly. d, The use of the various wespons within the German infantry regiment, including the 75-cm. and 150-m. infantry accompanying guns, are illustrated in this article. The Germans believe in exploiting RESTRICTED - 8 - Regraded Unclassified 137 RESTRICTED the fire power of their weapons to the utmost, both before and during the exposure of their assault troops to hostile fire. e. The oral attack order of the 2d Battalion Commander indicates that the attack on Varennes was preceded by an artillery preparation lasting one hour and thirty-five minutes. The artillery preparation was supplemented by dive-bombing planes which operated on the village for 15 minutes immediately preceding the time of attack. f. At 8:45 A.M. the battalion commander issued his oral order for the attack which began at 10:05 A.M. The order was therefore issued after the artillery preparation began. 5. In this and other published accounts of German combat ex- periences on the Western Front, it is frequently stated that radio communication failed, especially in battalion and lower units. No explanation for this deficiency is given nor is any known. RESTRICTED - 9 - Regraded Unclassified 138 KEY Shizze1 a. The Scale is la Metera N Las A 7. Sylize Sketch libbe Height e Jaulgonne 6. mine Birth Steen About $0.6. 10.00 Uhr 261 (rug) Platoon a Gegenengriff Counterattack o 15 13,30 Ohr 11:30 P.M. The aketches use the : Barzy European time system. based on na 5. Home 24 hours beginning at midnight. TOTAL E I/35 etc. 1st Battalion of 35th Regiment = /85 etc. 7th Company of 35th Regiment* - LIMIT Battalion Readquarture 7/35 @ Light machine gun Light machine gun in position 6. Heavy machine gun 7. Heavy machine gun in position Antitank gun Dist. Antitank gun in position co., squire Infentry gun company 11.6. o any ₹ n e forman Infantry gun company in position a 3 Chalsov Heavy nortar Phierty e sen Varennes Railroad not Counternal It Collecting stations for walking wounded Sketch No. 1 See PTF. 1-3 for the explenation of how companies are designated within the battalion and regiment. Regraded Unclassified 139 2012 III 3 More 10,000 5./35 The Scale is in Maters harme Skinse Sketch 3 2 6 Hähe Haight 1./50 Stoastrupp Asseult group 23.30 Uhr 11:30 P.M. The sketches use the European time system, based on 6.135 24 hours beginning at midnight. E Car Jeur 5,83 I/35 etc. 1st Battalion of 35th Regiment 201 #./35 etc. 7th Company of 35th Regiment* 10.05 Unr 7/35 Corpe boundary o Battalion boundary E Vorennes Company boundary Battalion Headquarters Light machine gun Light anchine gun in position 6,/35 Courtement 17,00 Uhr Heavy machine gun 0/55 14.30 Uhr Reavy machine gun in position Bhf. Station 0./35 not - Uni Railroad Skizze of It Collecting stations for walking vounded NI Light motor transport column e e *See pp. 1-2 for the explanation of how companies are designated within the battalion and regiment. Sketch No. 2 Regraded Unclassified 140 RESTRICTED 0-2/2657-220; No. 527 M.I.D., W.D. 11:00 A.M., October 24, 1941 SITUATION REPORT I. Eastern Theater. Ground: Desperate fighting continues on the Moscow front. The Germans claim to have reached the western out- skirts of Kharkov. North of the city the Germans have reached the Kharkov-Kursk reilway and to the south have reached the line of the Donote river. The Germans have crossed the Nikatovks-Taganrog railroad on a broad front north of Rostov. The Germans claim to have further extended their bridgehead in the Crimes. Air: Large scale bombing of Moscow featured air activity in this theater. II. Western Theater. Air: Hamburg and Xiel, and Brost, Cherbourg and Le Havre, in Prence, were attacked by the R.A.F. last night. London admitted a raid by German sircraft on northern Scotlend last night, but said only one German plano was sighted. III. Middle Eastern Thoater. Air: Naples and Cotrone (Southern Italy) were bombed last night by the R.A.F. RESTRICTED Regraded Unclassified 141 PORTEFENSE FIELD ORGANIZATION News Letter BUY LISTED STATES DEFENSE SAVINGS STAFF - TREASURY DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, D. c, OCTOBER 25, 1941 NUMBER 23 TO THE FIELD STAFF: There are hundreds upon thousands of Americans who would walcome the opportunity to buy E Bond a month. You yourself, in the course of . week, are in contact with scores of such folks. Many mean to set up this easy, sure method of aiding defense and providing a reserve against future financial uncertainty, but the demon of inertia, or of forgetfulness, or pressure of personal or business mat- ters often gets in the way, Reminders are sorely needed, Individual members of the Field Staff can do much in the way of mis- sionary work to dissolve this forgetfulness. They can provide reminders not only of the availability of Defense Savings Bonds, but also of the three easy ways of purchasing a Bond a month. Every member of the Field Staff knows these three ways: 1. Through payroll allotment - the method whereby the coopera- tion of employers is enlisted to provide the Bond-A-Month op- portunity for employees. 2. Through the bank depositors' draft plan-whereby the indi- vidual depositor arranges with his bank to earmark his account for regular Bond-A-Month payments. 3. Through direct mail to the Treasury Department-shereby the individual mails to Washington his Bond-A-Month payments upon receipt of a reminder. You will agree, we think, that there are many people who do not M yet fully "realize" that these three methods are available. You will agree, too, that "if" they knew of these methods they would probably be Bond-A-Month purchasers, through one of them. Why don't you personally 800 to it that those within the circls of your personal and business acquaintance really know these three methods? You would thus be stepping up your personal contribution to the field of- fort; in addition, you would be doing your acquaintances an appreciated favor. Sincerely yours, GALE P. JOHNSTON, Field Director, Defense Savings Staff. Regraded Unclassified News Letter News Letter 142 FIELD ORGAMIZATION TINA . IDAHO Governor Crowns Bond Queen: Local Committees Have "Action Manual" Chairmen Appointed in Maryland, Utah and See Tork City Two more distinguished civic leaders have recently been added to the GOVERNOR CHASE A. CLARK, Ronorary Chairman of the Idaho Defense Sev- poeter of chairmen of state Defense Savings Comitteee, and a chairman ingo Committee, participated in the Jarome County Fair this year by crown- for the New Tork Metropolitan Area has also been appointed. ing Miss Madelyn May Sanberg "Defence Bond and Stemp Queas." The queen was selected by the votes of those who bought Defense Bonde and Stamps at In MARTLAND, Charles H. Boloson, Jr., president of the Central Dour- the Fair booth. ance Company of Baltiarre, will head his state's Defense Savings Committee. Mr. Roloson is wall known in Baltimore civic affaire and is president or à FOURTEEN-PAGE "ACTION MANUAL," prepared especially for actibery of the Baltimore Association of Commerce. the Ideho Committee by State Administrator John R. Vilay and Deputy Admint- strator John Churchill, outlines specifically just what each member of a In NEW YORK, Lawie William Douglas has been appointed to the State local committee can do to promote the sale of Defense Bonds and Stampe. Committee as co-chairman for the New York City Area. Mr. Douglas, - former Separate pages of the manual are devoted to outlining the function, person- Member of Congress and Director of the Budget, is president of the Mutual nol, and methods of each of the following divisions of . typical condittee Life Insurance Company of New York. 1. Hanking and Finance In UTAH, the nealy appointed chairean is Charles L. Smith, president 2. Education (achools and colleges) of the First National Bank of Salt Lake City, 3. Fublic Employees 4. Industry 5. Nomen's Organisations Five les Administratore 6. Labor 7- Agriculture Defense Savings Administrators have recently been appointed or desig- 8. Information (publicity) nated in the following states and territories: ALABAMA, Joseph M. lyons, 9. Trades (retail and service) Collector of Customs, Mobile) ALASKA, Governor Ernest H. Gruening: DISTRICT 10. Service Clubs and Organisations OF Nelson, COLUMBIA, Hugh Lynch; UTAM, Charles R. Maber; and VIRGINIA, Robert F. 11. American Legion 12. American Legion Auxiliary 13. Speakers Bureau 14. Boy Scoute IN THIS ISSUE IDAHO Reports - Page 3 LOCAL COMMITTEES, which have been formed in all of Idaho's 4d counting, CONNECTICUT Pair Has Bond Booth Page A are DOW organizing sub-committees and divisions along the lines suggested In the Action Manual. MAINE Lione Invest for Defense - Page & FLORIDA Reports - Page 5 "AMERICA SPEAKS" - BASS mestings with impressive ceremonies are to be OKLAHOMA Reports - Page à held in every towa in the State during the Winter months, under the - YORK Committee Introduced Page 7 ship of State and local Defense Savings Committees. A 7 OF L Hears Address by Assistant Secretary Herbert E. Gaston and INVESTMENT OF $2500 OF LEGIOS FUNDS in Defense Bonds vas recently cop- Endorses Allotment Plan Page 8 FEDERAL Employees Like Systematic Sevings - Page 9 summated by officials of the Idaho Department of the American Legion in e transaction which was pictured La many Idaho newspapers. John Schoonover, PAYROLL ALLOTMENT Developmente in Minnesota, Indiana and Chairman, represented the Idaho Defense Savings Committee. Other States - Pages 10 and 11 TO THE LAUIES - Page 12 CLERES in acce Ideho stres wear cardboard tage readings RETAILERS and Defense Savings Page 13 PORTLAND Enlists Hellsapoppin Stare - Page 14 "Buy Your Defense Savings Stampe Bees" OF RADIO Programs for Coming Ted: - Page 15 "Buy Tour Defense Savings Stamps From Ven 4 LETTER from the Secretary - Page 16 (This 1a & simple but effective way of boosting the sale of Defmae Stamps. May not get a local druggist or other merchant, or marchants, to try it?) - 2 - - 3. Regraded Unclassified News Letter News Letter 143 COMMECTICUT NOTABLES A2 DANHURY PAIR FLORIDA State Committee Holds Second Meeting) Program Moving Forward WENSE SAVINGS THE FLORIDA STATE COMMITTEE convened for the second seeting October 15, in Jacksonville, with State Chairman Linton E. Allen presiding. Guest of honor was Field Director Gale P. Johnston, who brought with his from Wash- ington for each committeenan certificates of membership, the first to be Bank STATES CONNECTICUT Buy A Share distributed. These membership certificates, which are signed by Secretary IN Morgenthau, will be presented to all state committemen as the state organi- sations are completed. REPORTS ON THE PROGRESS of the program were made by State Administrator John L. Fahe and Deputy State Administrator Karl Lehann. Some highlights from their reporter 5VERY COUNTY now has a Defense Savings Committee. In addition, in five of the largest counties, there are nine city committees. MORE THAN 1,000 MEN AND WOMEN are serving on these committees. Defense Bond booth at the Danbury. Comedticut Fair. From left to right, A STATE-WIDE NSGRO DEFENSE SAVINGS COMMITTEE is now being organized in John S. Cawley, Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue; William Hanna, Mayor Florida, with Dr. J. R. K, Lee, president of the Florida Agricultural and of the City of Denbury: 0. Gordon Fisher, Defense Savings Staff; Mrs. Hanna; Mechanical College, as Chairman. Governor Robert 4. Burley: Mrs. Hurley: Brigadier-General 1. B. DeLacour and three members of the Fife Drun Corps of the Danbury Hatters' Union. The girls served SLE attendants at the booth. SOME FLORIDA FIRSTS: BONDS OF FREEDOM WATEHVILLE LIONS CLUB INVESTS IN DEFENTE FIRST COUNTY SCHOOL SYSTEM to report that every school board member, tascher, bus driver, and janitor had invested in Defense Stampe was the school system of Handry County. C. B. Weaver 1a chair- man of the Education Division of the Hendry County Defense Sav- ings Committee. FIRST LARGE CONCERN to report that every employee had purchased at least one Bond was the Southern Food Stores of Mismi and Tampa, 756 employees. FIRST POST OFFICE in Florida to have every employee buying Bonde OF Stamps regularly 1a the Clerment Post Office, Mrs. Florence Bow- The largest single sale of De- Defense Bond purchased by the Lions Club 200, postmistress. fense Bonds in Hantramck, Mich- of Waterville, Maine, is formally present- igan, was recently reported when ed to the officers of the Club by George IRST COUNTY COURTHOUSE in the state to announce 100% employee partici- D. Regarty. State Committeement for Serv- Council #122, of Polish National pation in & plan for the regular purchase of Defense Bonds and Alliance invested $10,000 in ice Organisations. From left to rights Stamps was the ONE in Tevares, county seat of Lake County, George Series , Bonds. Above: Anthony Dr. Paul J. Sephart, Secretary and Louis J, Dykes, Clerk of the Circuit Court there, is chairman of the Enrommarayk, President of Council; Bartlett, President of the Club; George Public Employees Division of the Lake County Committee. 2. Biernacki, Executive Chairman D. Regarty: Dr. Clinton A. Clauson, State of the Bautrasck Defense Savings of Maine Defense Sevings Administrator: FIRST CITY to announce the installation of a salary allotment plan is Committee: and Alois Chronnweld, and Howard Staples, Club Treasurer. New Sayrna Beach, Mayor Y, E. Swoope and City Auditor I. V. White Bank Cashier, are working out the details. Regraded Unclassified News Letter News Letter 144 OKLAHOMA "Bay For Victory* Plan Outlined Introducing the members of the DEFENSE SAVINGS COMMITTEE FOR THE STATE OF E YORK DELARIMA'S *BUT FOR VICTORY" program is outlined briefly in the October issue of the Defense Savings Bulletin issued by the Oklahoma State bead- HONORARY CHAIRMANT quarters. State Administrator H. C. Jones ie now visiting each of the states Governor Berbert H. Labran eight districte and holding meetings to explain the plan in dotail to county administrators, city and town chairmen and other active workers. CHAIRMANT CO-CHATEMAN (for the Richard C. Patterson, Jr. *VICTORY FOR OKLAHOMA® says the bulletin "starts in your town. The Metropolitan Area), Chairman of the Board, Radio Keith Lewis W. Douglas goal 181 everyone buying a security, be it a ten cent stamp or A $100 bond, every month." Orphoum Corp., New York City President, Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York FOUR SALES APPROACHES: (1) salary allotment (a) group Agent (3) Buy- CO-CHAIRMAN (for Up-State New York), s-Bond-s-Month and (4) retail sale of Defense Stamps are all to Edward B. Latchworth VICE-CHAIRMAN (Director of Women's General Counsel, Marine Trust Activities): be stressed. Company, Buffalo Mrs. Lytle Hull Hhipebeck TRAINING COURSES are to be offered to sembere of the local commitiess OTHER MEMBERS: who will specialise in these anles methode. OTHER MEMBERS (Continued) Henry Bruere A SCHOOL PLAN is to bring the message of thrift and seving to every school child. President, Bowery Savings Bank, Arthur Endner Now York City President, Arthur Rudner, Inc., INSURANCE MEN, as part of B. nation-wide program of support to Defense Advertising, New Tork City Bagana C. Donovan Savings, will work closely with local committees in Oklahoma's President, Sew York State Bankere Thomas J. Lyons larger cities including Oklahoma City, Pulea, Enid, Moskogee and Association Stillwater. President, New York State Federa- tion of Labor Guy Imereon Vice-President, Bankers Trust William I. Myers PROGRESS NOTES: Company, New York City Bead, Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Arthur Getman Full page newspaper advertisements for Defense Savings Stemps appeared College of Agriculture, Cornell in 35 Oklahoma cities during "Retailers for Defense Week". Chief, Agricultural Education University. Ithaca Bureau, New York State Department of Education One of the largest buyers of Defense Stamps at the recent City Bayard Pope Pair VAI Senator Elmer Thomas who bought stampe for his two grandchildren. Vice-Chairean, Executive Committee, Banks, building and loan associations, the Oklahoma Chain Store Associations, Walter 5. Gifford Marine Midland Trust Company . and the Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company all had stemp booths at this fair. President, American Telephone & You York City Telegraph Company The 25,000 Oklahoma City WORED who attended the annual cooking school Robert 0. Rouse Heary H. Heimann sponsored by the Oklahoman and Times, had the message of Defense Savings Vice-President, Federal Reserve brought home to thes in 6. particularly forceful way: Executive Manager, National Bank of Not York Association of Credit Men "Aunt Susan," the home sconomist and lecturer who conducted the Rose Schnelderman Dewald Ensuth five day school took AS her theme saving money through the proper Secretary, New York State preparation of food. Every time she saved A dine or a quarter by President, Associated Dry Goods Department of Labor Corporation of In York some now method, ehe look the Defense Bond Stamp Book from the Eschen cabinet and descnstrated how that saving could be put 10- to 8. Defense Bond, By the and of the week she had seved enough Quatave Strebel to buy a $25 bond and purchased one on the stage from a represent- President, Nove York State Industrial Council. stive of a local bank. Congress of Industrial Organizations Regraded Unclassified News Letter News Letter 145 VOLUNTART PUBLICAST PLAN ENVIDGLASTICALLY RECEIVED NATIONAL CONTENTION OF THE AMERICAN TELERATION OF LABOR BY VETERANS ADMINISTRATION IMPLOYEES ENDORSES DEFENSE SAVINGS FROGRAM The sore than 43,000 employees of the U. 5. Veterans administration are ON OCTOBER 15, 10 Beattle, at the annual convention of the American enthusiaatic about their regular purchase plan for lovesting in Defense Bonds Federation of Labor, A ringing endorsement of the Defense Savings Program and Stamps and already 66.4 per cent have pledged themselves to purchase was adopted. After appropriate references to the gravity of the present bonds or stamps regularly, either directly or through designated "group situation the resolution of sndorsement concluded: agents". Here are the units of this large establishment in which on Septem- ber 20 - after the plan had been in operation only two months - 80% or acre "THEREFORE, BE IT ERSOLVED that every union and avery member of all employees were participating of organised labor purchase as many defense bonds as possible, CENTRAL OFFICE: Y. 4. FACILITIES (Costimued) *AND BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That the American Fedaration of Labor Insurance Claims Council 100.0% Lake City, Fla. 90.7% endorses and applends the voluntary principle upon which the pro- Construction Service 93.0 Batavia, N. Y. 90.4 pus of Defense Savings is based and its approval is aspecially Board of Veterans' Appeale 83.0 Bay Pines, Fla 89.7 exlended to voluntary Payroll Allotment Plane as sponsored by Amarillo, Texas 69.3 individual unions and entered into freely in accordance with sound REGIONAL OFFICES: Fort Bayard, X. Mez, 88.6 trade union principles." Jackson, Miss. 100.0% Biloxi, Mins. 88,5 Fhiladelphia. Pa. 100,0 Inarville, Iown 88.6 THE CONVENTION we addressed by Herbert 3. Gaston, Assistant Secretary Seuttle, Vash. 100.0 North Little Rock, Ark. 87,8 of the Treasury, who pointed outr See Orleans, LA. 100.0 Tuscaloosa, Ala. 87.7 Little Rock, Ark. 98,4 Northampton, Mass, 67.6 The kind of investment that " need now, and need most urgently. Denver, Colo. 95.6 Boseburg, Ore. 87.3 14 the systematic investment of esvings as of the current earnings Boston, Vans. 96.1 Des Moines, Iows 87.1 of millions of Americans. I sean by that, that those who are earn- Sinur Falls, 8, D. 94,7 Brecksville, Ohio 85.5 ing steady pay and higher pay today - to contribute acet effective. Muskogee, Okla. 86.5 ly to defense and to serve their own interests by helping to prevent L 1. FACILITIES: Oteen, N. c. 85.7 inflation - should zake every effort to put at least 6 part of that Summount, Y. Y. 98.44 Butland Heights, Year. 85.6 02128 pay into Defense Sevings Bonds and Stamps and should do 14 regularly. Jargo, N. D. 98,1 Oclumbia, S. c. 84.7 Montgomery, Ala. 97.9 Legion, Texas 84.4 "Your President and other leaders of the American Federation of Murfreesboro, Tom. 94.4 Outwood, Ey. 83.9 lahor understand those truths and have said repeatedly that they Excelsior Springs, No. 94,1 Pittsburgh, Pa. 82,6 Atlants, On. 93.4 Wichita, Kansas 81,3 would like the rank and file to understand them too, The plan which 98 think the most efficient, and which many of the unious have Northport, L. I., V. T. 93.0 Merghis, Tenn. 81.0 already accepted, is one by which the individual workers ask to have Lincoln, Neb. 91.8 a. certain amount set aside from their pay each week toward the pur- chase of Defense Savings 3code. REPORTS FROM OTHIR FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS: X plan to you today 14 that AE BOOK as you get home from this cop- Treasury: 91% of the 62,702 employees in Washington and 10 the field vention and meet your fellow sembers of your own unions you discuss are now participating to the purchase pledge program. Particularly outstand- with the the adoption by each local of 4 plan similar to this and 146 is the record of the Internal Bevenue Service: 37,385 employees and 99% do what you can to forward 11a adoption. participation INGOIDIATELY FOLLOWING Mr. Gaston's address, William Orean. President of Government Printing Office: 81.6% of the 7329 employees ace participat- the 4. 7. of L., added his personal endorsement in these words, log la the 0. 2. 0. employees' voluntary purchase plan. "No are all deeply impressed by the must which Assistant Secre- Agriculture, 95.2% of the 803 employees of the Soil Conservation lary Gaston brought to us this afternoon. 7a are in thorough ac- Service in Washington and nearby Beltaville, Md., have signed purchase pledges. cord, wholehearied accord. with the sentiments be expressed. and Large percentages of participation are also reported by Federal Crop Insurance the suggestions and recomendations made in the address be delivered." Corporation (92.6%): Commodity Credit Corporation (81%): Agricultural Market- ing Service (80%) and Rural Electrification Administration (76.75). These are reports as of September 23, 9 Regraded Unclassified News Letter News Letter 146 PATROLL INDIANA (Continued) Important Developments in Minnesota, Indiana And Other States The L Co Atking & Company of Indianapolie with approximately 1600 With the Minnespolis Committee's program to axtend the allotment plan employees reports that nearly 90% are purchasing Defense Bonda either through to all large concerns there in full swing (ace KENS LETTER, October 11), the the payroll allotment plan or the socumulation of Defense Stamps. It. Panl Committee has away into action under its General Chairman, Day 7. Wents, and the Chairman of the ni Lilly Company of Indianapolis, which has one of the most its Industrial Division. developed payroll allotment plans in the State, reporte that its 3000 employ- John L. Connolly. - laid aside approximately $12,000 during the month of September towards Defense Bonds. Approximately half of the firm's employees are participating More than 70 St. Paul in the allotment plan. concerns had announced allotment plans by October The Schecht Hubber Company of Noblesville, Indians, estimates that its 10, and a series of lunch- 900 employees will purchase about $60,000 worth of Defense Bonds during the son meetings were being coming twelve months. held by Vents and Connolly and Federal Esserve Bank ALLOTMENT PROGRESS IN OTHER STATES:- President John N. Payton, to bring the objectives : CONNECTICUT. With nearly 90% participation in as allotment plan, the the program and the details United Aircraft Corporation has hung up a mark for other large concerns to of the plan to all other shoot at. More than 27,000 of the 31,000 employees in the firm's East Bart- large concerns. ford, and Stratford, Connsoticut plants (including Hamilton Standard Pro- pellors, Vought-Sikorsky and Prett & Whitney) have enrolled as regular Defense "Making Defense Bonds Savera and total allotments amount to about $225,000 monthly. Our congratule- easily available to the work- tions to Martin 7. Burke and his associates Junius Cooper. R. 1. Russell. are in these industries Joseph Parr. Charles 2. Is Tim. W. R. Hobbins. John P. Buith and Ired Dewson Herman Anderson, employee of the Smith Welding should provide & great the who are reported to have worked hard for this recordl Equipment Corporation, Minnespolis, is shown lus to the Defense Bond here receiving from Lee Johnson, shop foremen, sale," said Chairman Vents. NEW JERSEY. The Wright Ex-Service Men's Club is assisting in placing the first of the many Defense Bonds that work- "Imployers are to be coment- the details of the allotment plan before each employee of the Fright-Aero- are in the plant have bought through the D9W ed for the enthusiass they cantioal Corporation (plante in Paterson, Y. in and Cincinnati, Ohio). payroll allotment plan now under my in Minne- have shown. These plans Sam Sharpley, former comander 16 Chairsan of the Wright Defense Bond Comit- apolis. 2. E. Smith, President, looks on at involve both added work and too, Wright is advertising in local papersi "New Jersey Puts 120 In The the attress right, expense but 80 far they lan Mr. Let's Keep in Flying. Buy Defense Bonds. cheerfully assumed this extra burdan.* faie fine statement is expecially noteworthy AS Mr. Wents is one of the THE SECRETARY ATTENDS A UNICE MERTING recognised leaders of organised labor, being the business representative of the St. Paul Trades & Labor Assembly and Vice-President of the Minnesota Workers in the Risher Body Flant of General Motors, members of Local State Federation of Labor. 596, United Automobile Workers, c. I. O., in Postiac, Michigan, recently heard a talk on the Defense Savings Program by Frank M. labay, Michigan Many Indiana Piras Now Have Allotment Plans State Chairman after which the payroll allotment plan and various other features of the program were discussed. From Indiana, State Administrator Will E. Beith reporte that by the middle of October, 20 firm bad reported to his that they had installed At the rear of the hall, unknown to all but the union's Secretary, allotment plans. Impressive records for participation in the Defense Savings D. 1. Cote, was an Interasted observer - Secretary Morgenthan. Program have already been hang up by the employees of BOM of these companies. Most outstanding are the records of: "I came away from the meeting," the Secretary was quoted in a Detroit paper, "convinced that - are on the right The J. D. Adams Manufacturing of Indianapolis. This firs with track and that it can be done on a voluntary basis." than 900 employees reports 100% participation. - 10 - - 11 - Regraded Unclassified 147 News Letter News Letter TO 111 LADIES AND DEFENSE BAVINOS LIMITED STATES STAMPS AND BONOS, "Evary Clubwoman a. Bond-Owner* "RETAILESS FOR DEFENSE* WEEK leanched the sale of Defense Stamps in State and local Defense Savings Counities countlees retail outlete throughout the country, It 14 expected that a work can expect intelligent cooperation from the large majority of these retail stores will continue to make these etamps - - Insure Presidents of state and local units of the Gen- conveniently available and also to help State and local Defense Savings eral Federation of Women's Clube. is early as Committees promote their sale. Ou October 23, ambere of the Defense BAT- last June, delegates to the national conference inga Staff's Retailers Advisory Committee gathered in Washington to our- of that organization. held in Atlantic City, sider this problem and to discuss ways and more of accomplishing the de- heard A representative of the Defense Savings sired objective - the sale of a large and standy volume of Defense Stamps Stamps. Staff speak on the subject of Defense Bonds and through retail outlets. NEW DISPLAY MATERIAL. For TRANS CIVING and CHRISTMAS, special posters, This Fail, Mrs. John L. Whiteburst, President decalcomania transfers, and other pieces of display materials have of the orwe, sent out 6. direct request to each of been prepared and will be distributed to approximately one willion retailers the 14,500 presidents of member clubs, urging in the near future. Distribution will be handled by local Defense Savings Use to participate in the Defense Savings Pro- Committees. State Administrators have received & field amorandos (No. 135) gras. A month later, this You followed by a which outlines the distribution procedure in detail. National Defense Club Program Elt. This contained 5. plan of work for the are Stamp and Bond Committees. It also made reference to Defense Savings materials A "CARD OF INTENTION* will be enclosed with the pacicage of display Washington. that could be secured by writing to State Defense Savings Beadquarters, or to material which each retailer receives. On this card, retailars will be given at opportunity to state that: Chairman of the National Defense Department of the GIVC is Mrs. Harold V. Willigan, Chairman of the GFWC Defense Bond Committee is Mrs. John D. 145 PART OF OUR SERVICE during the National Emergency 11 is our inten- tiom Robinson, who 16 also A member of the State Defense Savings Committee for North Carolina. Motto for the year 18, "Every Clubwoman . Bond-Owner.' "1. To pay all bomeses to employees in v. 8. Defense Savings Bonds and Stamps. The Women Follow Through 12. To offer facilities at all times to our customers and In Kansas, Mrs. Albert Fushner, who is state president of the Banena employees for purchasing U. 8. Defense Starps in our store, Federated Women's Clubs as well as a member of the State Defense Savings lbs- "3, To promote the public sale of U. S. Defense Stampe until mittes, has been touring the state saking speeches at club conventions on the the and of the Fational Energency." Defense Savings Progres. A couple of weeks ago, abs predicted that by the end of October, the 13,000 Kansas club woman will have bought at least one stamp spiece. The KWC has had the following assage printed in bright red on 5. small sticker suitable for use on correspondence; 1200 STORES GIVING AWAY "ANY BONDS TODAY!" "Yansas Fedaration of Women's Clubs Urges You in Detroit, Curningham's Drug Stores are giving away thousands of To Buy U. 5. Stamps and Bonds. engles of the souvenir adition of "Any Bonds Today which they have no- Down in Texas, Mrs. J. 9. Walker, who as president of the Texas Federa- printed "by permission of the copyright owner" - the Secretary of the has tion of Women's Clubs is & member of the State Defense Savings Committee, Treasury. personalized har campaign to sell Bonds and Stamps. In her purse she carries several partially filled Stamp Books. On her speaking tours, she In the near future, other drug chains will also print copies of this displays thes at every opportunity to her audiences, song for free distribution to their customers. Among the chains which have indicated their intention to doing this are: Minnesota State Federation devoted I luncheon session recently to Defense The California Federation of Name Clubs se going to buy Bonds. The Marshall Drug Company of Ohio, stores throughout that state: Savings, In Colorado, the imadinte past president of the State Federation, Mrs. Henry Bruse Teller, has been drafted to serve as Director of the Wormal's Liggest Drug Company of Yes Tork, stores throughout the Middle Weste and Division of the Defense Savings Committee of that State, Ow1 Irrue Company of California, wish stores throughout the he Yest. - 12 13 Regraded Unclassified News Letter 148 News Letter HELLZAPOPPIN STARS SELL DEFENSE STAMPS IN PORTLAND DE7XX53 BAVINGS 08 THE AIR Leading Programs for the Comine Wenk The broadway stage success "Hellrapoppin" reached Portland, Oragon recently and State Administrator Ted R. Gamble AS the saying goes, EAR bis opportunity and seiged it." Menday, October 27 FUB AMERICA WE SING 9:30-10:00 P, M. (EST) KBC Blue Network Arrangements were made for the principal members of the cast to appear a Tuesday, October 29 MILLIONS FOR an outdoor stage in front of the Pioneer Poet Office in the heart of the city 8,00-9:00 P. M. (IST) at noon and put on an impromptu show to soll Defense Stampe, (The Treasury Hour) NBC Blue Network Below are two views of the crowd which gathered to listen to the show's Saturday. November 1 AMERICA PREFERRED 9:15-9:45 P. M. (1ST) non comedians, Billy House and Eddie Carr and to hear Bobby Jarvis, Arleen Nutual Network mabers. Anderson, Marylin Robbins and other stare of the show in various specialty LAST THE *MILLIONS FOR DEFENSE" featured Secre- tary of the Navy Frank Khax: Noel Coward and Robert - - - Montgomery, speaking from London; Bing Croaby and other stars. We can't tell you the program for this week, "MILLIONS FOR but it will be worth listening to. Incidentally, Tues- DEFENSE" day evening might be a. good time to schedule meetings = - - of your local committees. WJTN 600P. MI - - The advertisement from the Jamestown, N. Y. Post, reproduced at the right in its original size was one- fourth of a full newspaper page. Mayor Marl Riley addressed the crowd briefly and purchased the first WITH FOOTBALL vary much to the fore these days. the Radio Section of dispensed. stamp. Bundreds of others followed wuit until more than $800 worth had been the Defense Savings Staff reporte that, on a. recent week-end, the specially prepared Defense Bond football announcements were used 500 times over 150 stations. Tidewater 011 Company and the Atlantic Befining Company, which Members of the cast including Billy House (*** above) acted as salessen sponsor broadcasts of 35 games each week over 78 stations, use these for the stamps. They were assisted by members of the Junior Chamber of Com- announcensnte regularly. merce. The Jaycee Committee responsible for this event was composed of Jack Shields. James Tecmas and Martin Blakaley. A typical football announcement reads in part M follows: The Fire Department's disaster car broadcast the event. "Willions of Americans have enjoyed football gassa this week- end. America must be kept free to enjoy its national sports The first performance, Wednesday noon, was so well received it was repeat and the countless liberties with which 9a are blessed. The ed on Thursday noon and members of the Hellaspoppin cast say that they want to roar of the football crowds is loud-but it's only & whisper in do the same thing in other cities they visit a their tour. comparison with the roar of our industrial plants. Today our country is one team in its determination to preserve our democratic idanls. Get on that team and fighti Back your country to the limit by buying United States Defense Bonds A large booth at the Pacific International Live Stock Exposition and Stamps. Invest a part of your earnings regularly to Portland October 4 to 11 Fax devoted to the sale of Defense Bonds and The take our taxes the world's best, Let's snowp down the field Associations provided personnel to staff the booths at all times. Gas à Coke Company donated the space and Portland Savings Stamps, and Loan to victory and take Uncle Sam's the strongest team in the world." - 14 - 15 Regraded Unclassified News Letter "A LETTER FROM SECRETARY MORGENTHAU" (Originally published on the Fditorial Page of the Boston Sunday Post, September 28, 1941). John Q. Citizen came home from work the other night a bit upset. The headlines in the paper had not been heartening. ... Besides, he had had an argument on the train with a fellow passenger. Both were for defense. But on the means to that end they had differed, mildly at first, and then - well, they were not speaking when John got off the train. In the hallway, on the little table were a few letters. "Bills," John muttered. Then his heart stopped. Here was a long envelope bearing the notation. "Tressury Department. Washington, D. 0." That Was bad. What had he done? Why should the Treasury send him a letter? The envelope opened easily. It contained a couple of pamphlets, But there was a letter also. Gingerly he unfolded it. It was addressed to him, "John Q. Citizen," and the address was right. It was even meant direct- ly for him. For it didn't say, "Dear Sir." It said, plainly enough, "Dear Mr. Citizen." Then he read the first line and gasped. "I am writing to thank you personally for your patriotic co- operation in buying United States Savings Bonds." Quickly his eye ran to the bottom of the letter, to the ending which read: "Very truly yours, H. Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury." "Gosh," was all John could think, "Gosh, the Secretary of the Treasury writing to mel" He hadn't expected this. Of course, he had bought a bond because he wanted to do something to help defense. After all, it was the thing for Americans to do. But a personal letter. It was down on the record, Ee had done something more than argue about the defense of America. No, this wouldn't stop him from arguing how the defense should be carried out. But it showed he was for the main idea, that he wanted to help and that he had demonstrated his confidence in the future of America. He tucked the letter in the inside coat pocket, very carefully. Where did he stand? Well, that letter would show where John stood, right on the line, alongside of Uncle Sam, shoulders back, chin out, looking the rest of the world straight in the eye and ready to quote that potent paragraph from the Secretary's letter: "Now, as never before, I believe that all of us are ready to demonstrate, in concrete form, our partner- ship with the government -- & partnership, as the ,1001 President said, which is entered into to safeguard and perpetuate all those precious freedoms which the AHOS founders of our republic gave us as our heritage." DEPARTMENT PRINTING OFFICE - 16 Regraded Unclassified UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS Comparative Statement of Sales During First Iventy-one Business Days of August, September, end October. 1941 (August 1-25, September 1-25, October 1-24) On Basis of Issue Price (Amounts in thousands of dollars) : : Amount of Increase : Percentage of Increase Sales : = or Decrease (-) : or Decrease (-) Item : 1 : : October : September : October 2 September : October : September : August : over : over : over : over : : 1 : September I August : September : August Series 3 - Post Offices $ 32,864 $ 32,374 $ 34,349 $ 490 -$ $ 1,975 1.5% - 5.7% Series In - Banks 63,369 56,289 64,003 7,080 - 7,714 12.6 - 12.1 Series E - Total 96,233 88,663 98,352 7.570 - 9,689 8.5 - 9.9 Series I - Banks 17,571 14,633 16,978 2,938 - 2,345 20.1 - 13.8 Series G - Banks 95,948 89,336 104,905 6,612 - 15,569 7.4 - 14.8 Total $209,753 $192,632 $220,235 $17,121 -$27,603 8.96 - 12.5% Office of the Secretary of the Treasury, Division of Research and Statistics, October 25. 1941. Source: All figures are deposits with the Treasurer of the United States on account of proceeds of sales or United States Savings Bonds. Note: Figures have been rounded to nearest thousand and will not necessarily àdd to totals. Regraded Unclassified CONTIDEN UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS Daily Sales - October 1941 On Basis of Issue Price (In thousands of dollars) Post Office Bond Sales Bank Bond Sales an Bond Sales Date Series I Series E Series F Series G Total Series E Series 7 Series G Total October 1941 1 $ 1,450 $ 3,029 $ 1,286 $ 8,271 $ 12,587 $ 4,479 $ 1,286 $ 8,271 $ 14,036 2 1,870 2,786 867 4,324 7,977 4,656 867 4,324 9,847 3 2,150 3,299 1,065 6,323 10,687 5,449 1,065 6,323 12,837 4 1,270 1,696 612 6,400 8.707 2,966 612 6,400 9.978 6 3,449 4,778 1,444 9,286 15,508 8,226 1,444 9,286 18,956 7 1,207 2,595 572 2,913 6,080 3,802 572 2,913 7,287 8 1,363 3,674 821 3,611 8,106 5,037 821 3,611 9.469 9 1,652 4,270 903 3,654 8,827 5.923 903 3,654 10,479 10 1,495 3,672 989 5,272 9.933 5,167 989 5,272 11,428 11 1,291 2,400 632 4,098 7,129 3,690 632 4,098 8,420 13 2,515 3,624 1,164 4,989 9.778 6,139 1,164 4,989 12,293 14 437 1,022 261 511 1,794 1,459 261 511 2,231 15 879 2,175 759 3,482 6,417 3,055 759 3,482 7,296 16 1,376 3,054 724 3,908 7.685 4,429 724 3,908 9,060 17 1,422 3,609 860 4,969 9,438 5,031 860 4,969 10,861 18 1,180 2,424 846 3,013 6,283 3,604 846 3,013 7,463 20 2,827 3,395 895 3,800 8,091 6,222 895 3,800 10,918 21 887 2,029 436 2,959 5.425 2,917 436 2.959 6,312 22 1,284 3,316 835 5,880 10,032 4,600 835 5,880 11,316 23 1,496 3,201 882 5,322 9.406 4,697 882 5,322 10,901 24 1,364 3,320 718 2,963 7,001 4,684 718 2,963 8,365 Total $ 32,864 $ 63,369 $ 17,571 $ 95.948 $176,889 $ 96,233 $ 17,571 $ 95,948 $209,753 Office of the Secretary of the Treasury, Division of Research and Statistics. October 25, 1941. Source: All figures are deposite with the Treasurer of the United States on socount of proceeds of sales of United States Savings Bonds. Note: Figures have been rounded to nearest thousand and will not necessarily add to totals. Regraded Unclassified 151 12:28 p.m., October 25, 1941. Kr. Louchheim of the SEC dictated the following over the telephone. He said it was a teletype received from Commodity Expert in New York answering his inquiry R.B. to the effect of amendment to General License No. 9, General feeling seems to be that Treasury Order has removed a source of very unwholesome speculation. Result will probably be 8. smaller volume but a. trading market instead of sharp run-upe caused by foreigners' bullishness. Also believe that selling and attendant casiness today due to the action. À partner of a large firm which has many commodity accounts as well a.s blooked accounts said: "The Treasury action caused some selling. Blocked accounts were more conscious of inflation than Americans. The Order was probably designed to limit speculation and to keep prices down. In the long run probably a. good thing." The principal market news service attributed easiness this morning mostly to Treasury action. Regraded Unclassified 152 TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 25, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM V. F. Coe Subject: Clippings on Women's Work in En land -- Sent by Casaday 1. The Government is making an intensive drive to recruit women for work in war industries. They are askin older women to volunteer before the: are called up. They are shifting all women twenty to twenty-five from shops -- making an exception only of food shous. 2. The Army is intensifying its advertising in order to get more women into the A.T.S. women nas made an irritating issue out of the unequal 3. The much more important industrial role of compensation paid to women for war injuries. Regraded Unclassified 153 TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 25, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. White Subject: Exports of Philippine Iron Ore to Janan 1. A decision was reached some time ago by the Metals Reserve Corboration to preclusively purchase suproximately one million tons of Philippine ore -- the amount normally shipped to Japan in B year. 2. The British had agreed to stop the export to Japan of Burmese ore if we stopped the flow of Philippine ore. 7. The State Department preferred to purchase the ore, rather than stop its export; but postponed sction. Mr. Perkins, however, withheld export licenses. Mr. Milo Perkins her notified us that a directive has been signed by him requiring special affidavits in connection with the exports of certain commodities, in- cluding iron ore, from the Philiopines. He believed this directive would stop the flow of ore to Janan. 4, As 8 result of export control together with e lock of enipoing, Janan received no Philippine ore after the beginning of August. 5. Recent statistics of Philippine ore production and exporte to Japan: Production Exports to Janan 1940 - 12 months 1,235,000 metrio tons 1,191,600 metric tons Regraded Unclassified 154 Division of Monetary - 2 - Research By Months Production Exports to Japan 1940 September 102,400 metric tons not available 91,000 " If If If October November 96,000 # II a Il 83,700 # II 11 # December 1941 January 124,000 metric tons 168,000 metric tons $6,000 H II 53,000 a " February 121,700 If II 99,000 " " March 136,100 # II 118,000 II 11 April 111,100 H " May 150,000 II 11 70,000 et If 150,000 Il " June 57,000 If n July 128,000 II n August not available none lst. 6 months-1940 678,700 metric tons 624,000 metric tons lst. - months-1941 648,900 # " 738,000 # " Consul 6. at Manila, the Philippine iron mines announced closure early According to a cable of August 11, 1941, from the U. S. in August because of a. lack of shipping space. Regraded Unclassified 155 ? Y FEDERAL RESERVE BANK 03 NEW YORK October 25, 1941. Siri Attention: Mr. Frank Dietrich We have today received the following tested telegram dated October 24, 1941 from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco: "WE CREDIT 25TH $5,548,719.10 FOR CREDIT TO THE 'SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY SPECIAL ACCOUNT', REPRESENTING PROCEEDS OF 158,539.363 FINE OUNCES GOLD RECEIVED BY MINT HERE ON OCTOBER 19 ON S. S. 'DNEPROSTROY' FOR ACCOUNT OF THE STATE BANK CF U.S.S.R. MOSCOW. DOLLAR VALUE $5,548,877.70 LESS MINT CHARGES OF $158.60. AMOUNT OF REGULAR 1/4 OF 1 PERCENT HANDLING CHARGE WOULD BE $13,872.19" In accordance with the above telegram and pusuent to our telephone conversation of today we have credited the Secretary of the Treasury, Special Account on our books $5,548,719.10 and have made the appropriate entries in the transcript of the Secretary of the Treasury Special Account to reflect the 1/4 of one per cent charge of $13,872.19 29 = handling charge on gold. Respectfully, /s/ L. V. Droke L. W. Knoke, Vice President. The Eonorable, The Secretary of the Treasury, Treasury Department, Washington, D. C. Inc. Copy:vw:10-27-41 Regraded Unclassified 156 October 25. 1941 Dr. Feis Mr. Districh will you please use the fellowing sable to the American General at Zong Keng: *Fer Fex from the Secretary of the freasury. Reference Opagent's sable of September 27 20 mager of Bong Long effice of American Express Company. It is suggested that you take this matter no with 1. Stonerson (or his successor) Foreign Manager of the long Zong office of American Express Company with & view to having Chinese manager discharged If facts varrent wash action. Ve will support your insistence that each perces be discharged." (Init.) P.D. FD: 10/25/41 Regraded Unclassified 157 PARAPHRASE or TELEGRAM SKNT TO: American Consul, Rong Leng, China. DATA: Cetober 25, 1941, 7 p.m. NO.1 de number. THE FOLLOWING IS FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY FOR FOX. Reference 19 made to spagent's cable under date of the 27th of September regarding the manager of the Apert- can Axpress Company at the Rong Kong office. The matter in question should be taken up with the Foreign Manager, J. tenersen, or his successor, of the Company's Hong Bong office, no as to have the Chinese manager removed from the office if fasts in the atter reveal that such setion should be taken. Your insistence that the Chinese wannger be discharged vill be supported by us. RULL (FL) e Regraded Unclassified 158 PD GRAY Hong Kong via N.R. Dated October 25, 1941 Rec'd 10 n.m. 28th Secretary of State, Washington. 447, October 25, noon (SECTION ONE) CONFIDENTIAL. FROM FOX FOR SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY: TF- I have further examined your 350 of October 18 and an in thorough accord with objectives L3 I CJT SUDE are the Chinese Government and Board members. Host irrnestly plead that sorly action bE taken. Am reasonably certain that had Manila plan been com- pleased most of recent Shanghai developments would net lieve occurred. Majority of objections reised by British to Manila plan had litcle valility. Your new plan now has the approval of all members of the Sourd and Chinese authorities, Furthermore, Hieneyer Bonter, and Cochran participated in discussions with Socra members end Cochron in discussions with the Chinese authorities. SEE no PERSON why BiLE plan cannot be put into Effect immediately. would hElp pratly if it WERE. Am in complete accord with the principle Enuncitted in station six Regraded Unclassified 159 -2- #477, October 25, noon (SECTION ONE) from Hong Kong via N.R. in sEction six in 350 regarding licensed banks. Do not EXPECT too high degree of cooperation from Shanghai banks. REPEATED Evidence to the Effect that spirit of cooperation is lacking Especially from American banks. SOUTHARD CSB Regraded Unclassified 160 TRB GRAY Hong Kong vic. U.R. Dated October 25, 1941 Rec'd 9:46 a.m., 26th. Secretary of State, Washington. 447, October 25, noon, (SECTION TWO). They continue to believe in the spirit of Mackay's September 17 letter. Rumors persist that both Chase and National City Bank have been recently submitting bank notes to black market in Shanghai. I have reported that together with suggestion for checking flow of bank notes into China. Cannot of course obtain definite EVIDENCE but reports come from sufficiently reliable source to have some credence. I was quite Embarrased recently when in Chungking to have manager of the Central Bank hand me bid for purchase of United States Treasury check issued by officer of the United States navy. This particular check was sold to an unlicensed bank ct unofficial rate. I reported on September 12 that United States Government officials WETE selling their checks at unofficial rates but to date no action has been taken. Understand that Regraded Unclassified 161 -2- 447, October 25, noon, (SECTION TWO), from Hong Kong. Understand that British regulations forbid dealing at unofficial rates. Why cannot all Washington DE- partments notify their (official?) officials in China that they must deal only at unofficial rates. It is true that prices in China are high and are rapidly rising, but this situation should bE taken care of in some other way than in dealing in the black market. It is most ambarrassing and it is certainly a situation that can Easily bE taken care of in Washington and could have been long ago." (END OF MESSAGE). SOUTHARD CSB Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 162 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 25, 1941 TO Secretary X CONFIDENTIAL FROM Mg. Dietrich Registered sterling transactions of the reporting banks were as follows: Sold to commercial concerns £14,000 Purchased from commercial concerns £7,000 Joen market sterling remained at 4.03-1/2, and there were no reported transections. In lev York, closing quotations for the foreign currencies listed below were P.E. follows: Canadian dollar 11% discount Argentine peso(free) .2368 Brazilian milreie (free) .0505 Colombian peso .5775 Mexican Deso .2070 Uruguayan peso (free) .4625 Venezuelan bolivar .2630 Cuban Deso 1/8% discount There were no purchases or sales of gold effected by 116 with foreign countries today. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported that the Central Bank of the Colombian Republic shipped $2,100,000 in gold from Colombia to the Faderal for its account, disposition unknown. The Federal Beserve Bank's report of October 22, listing deposits of becks in Asia with the New York agencies of Japanese banks, showed that such deposits totaled $58,468,000, an increase of $727,000 since October 15. Also reported were selected items from the statement of the Yokohame Specie Bank's New York Agency, which revealed that an increase of $702,000 in Jananese and Kanchurian bank deposits was accompanied by 8. decline of $778.000 in U. 3. Treasury bills, commercial order, etc. held by the Agency for account of such banks. Regraded Unclassified 163 RESTRICTED 3-2/2657-220; No. 528 M.I.D., W.D. 11:00 A.M., October 25, 1941 SITUATION REPORT I. Eastern Theater. Ground: Hard fighting continues along the entire front. The German High Command claims the capture of Kharkov and Belgorod (50 miles north of Kharkov). The Germans apparently are pressing their ad- vance on a line from Rostov, north to Makeyevka. II. Western Theater. Air: The Air Ministry reports that squadrons of R.A.F. bombers raided the Rhineland and other targets in western Germany, as well as the Brest docks, during last night. This made the fifth consecutive night of British planes to operate over Germany proper. Great Yarmouth was agains last night the target of a German attack. Germany also claimed to have sunk large quantities of British shipping during the night. III. Middle Eastern Theater. Air: The Italian communique indicated that Naples had been raided for the third time in four days, and also that Ragusa and Li- cata, in Sicily, had been attacked. The sinking of a large British freighter in the Mediterranean by Italian torpedo planes was claimed. RESTRICTED Regraded Unclassified PUBLICATION OF THE ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA 164 The New Palestine The American Zionist Weekly Devoted to Jewish Affairs 1720 SIXTEENTH STREET, N. W., WASHINGTON, D.C. October 26, 1941 Mr. Henry Morgenthau, Jr., The Secretary Of The Treasury Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. Morgenthau: Thank you for your note on Justice Brandeis. It will occupy a feature position in the November 14th Brandels Memorial issue of The New Palestine. I shall see to it that copies are sent to you upon publication. Carl yours, Carl Alpert alpert Managing Editor CA:eg Regraded Unclassified October 20, 1941 1 For New Palestine 165 Regraded Unclassified During my formative years everyone is the United States use stirred from time to time by the legal battles of the great humanitarian Louis D. Frandsis. In 1907 he fought for and was the limitation of the length of the verifiey for visa. the yours earlier he had already become promisent in his fight for the sotchlishment of Savings That Insurance, which was according to the principle he counsiated, in order that: The thrifty vorking man, like people of larger needs, should have the opportunity of obtaining life insurance as more nearly 110 associaty cost." Thereby he anticipated social security legialation w fully thirty years. Five years later he use again cooking legislation of otill mother aspect of social security, assoly, 014 Age Pension. Rie Ideas as this 10- m, as on the rights of labor, the of trusts, the need for statem vage love, federal control of injustry insefer as 10 affects the velfare and pockstbook of the - the consermtion of natural researces, price and competition, M well as all the other major Locase on which Mr. Brandeis expressed himself and fought for before he became 8 Justice of the Deprese Court. were founded on mest legic and good humanity. Ris No- card after he because a Justice vse a natural development of the - greet talent and devoted to the improgmable fortification of our Constitution which guarantees the rights, the from and the opportmaities of all the people under it. Justice Louis D. Brandsis' attainments is constitutional law shall reads forever to guide the perplemed: and his ave life shall for long no- sain & symbol and a model for all who aspire to be good Americans. Heary Morganthan, Jr. o 0 P 166 Y PD PLAIN Stockholm Dated October 26, 1941 Rec'd 1:35 p.m. Secretary of State, Washington. 688, Twenty-sixth. New three months Treasury bills issued for 75 million crowns at one point 349 percent discount. Final budget deficit fiscal year 1940-41 1609 million crowns increasing deficit in budget equal- isation fund as of June thirty 1941 to 2368 million crowns. Ricebank report October 23 gold reserves 807, foreign exchange 865, loans discounts 769, note circulation 1449, all million crowns. Inform Treasury, Commerce. GREENE HPD Copy:bj:10-28-41 Regraded Unclassified 167 October 27, 1941 9:36 a.m. 5MJr: Hellc. Secretary Stimson: On Saturday I got word indirectly through Foley that you were afraid still - even after my telegram to the authorities - the military authorities in Hewaii - that pressure would be brought by them to prevent the continuance when the case came up for trial. I've forgotten whether it was to come uo Saturday or today. AND: Well, I haven't seen Foley 80 I don't know - I spoke to him after Cabinet when I came back, and told him about my conversation with you and the Attorney General. I believe we have 8 nostpone- ment for two weeks. = Well, all right then. But I just wanted to tell you that I called us on the telechone the Commanding General out there HMJr: on, really? and told him that I had had this word and while I had sent the telegram, and was sure that he was obeying it, I wanted to be perfectly certain that they were not - that none of the subordinates were doing anything in it, and he at once seld that H/Jr: Hello. SI He at once said that my orders would be obeyed. HMr: Yes. is But I have had B long telegram from him, which indicates that there's a great deal of feeling out there that the attack WAS entirely unprovoked and also he givee me the sequence of evente which shows some things that you might look into on your side. Regraded Unclassified 168 - 2 - HMJr: Good. 8: I mean, he starts off the telegram by saying - I've got it before me here - "Thie headquarters has taken no part in the prosecution nor made any appearances in the proceedings requesting continuance - made no appearings in the proceedings requesting continuance of the trial." HMJr: Yes. S: The prosecution of the case and the resistance to continuance has been solely in the hands of the Territorial District Attorney, Mr. Cassidy, who has from time to time requested and has been furnished the full information possessed by these headquarters. HiJr: Yes. S: And Mr. Cassidy has today expressed hie complete satisfaction BE to the cooperation rendered. On the other hand, the local Customs office has deviated from the rule of interested spectator and it is quite apparent here that strenuous efforts are being exerted on behalf of the accused, that they are leaving no stone unturned to have their man found either only guilty of the lesser charge of manslaughter or to have him go Scott-free HMJr: Yes. S: on the theory that the shooting was in the line of duty either in self-defense or to prevent the commission of a felony. HMJr: Yes. S: Then he says - he calls my attention to the fact - that it was the duty of the Army, of course, to have what t they call a "death board" investigation of the murdered officer. HMJr: Yes. S: And that board did reach the conclusion that the killing was unjustified, and the facts show I'm Regraded Unclassified 169 - 3 - reading now, "beyond B reasonable doubt that the slayer could not be considered 8.8 having noted in line of duty or by color of his office." HMJrt Yes. "And it 1e believed that these views are concurred in by the local United States Attorney, Mr. Taylor, and furnish the reason for his declining to join in the slayer's defense." HiJr: Yes. S: Then he goes on reading about the point that you brought uo about that Army witness. HMJr: Yes. in He says, "I desire to point out that when the two Wavy and the one Army witness were formally examined at police headquarters, both Mr. Hiberle -" I think that's one of your men, isn't it? HMJr: I don't know. 8: Yes. "Both Mr. Hiberle and Mr. Riley, his investi- gator, were present. They are therefore fully cognizant of the testimony which will be given by these witnesses at the trial." MJr: Yes. S: "Bearing in mind that these men are the identical witnesses - that these are the identical witnesses which they now claim have been denied to them by this headquarters, this headouarters has not at any time prior to receipt of your radio, discussed this case with the two Navy witnesses; and today these witnesses stated that no one from the local Customs offices had ever requested the statement from them." Then comes this - a little further down - but as regard to the Army witness -"as regard to the witness, the Army nurse, she is primarily B. witness for Mr. Cassidy, the prosecutor, and in addition, she has testified before the Grand Jury which indicted the accused. Therefore, Regraded Unclassified 170 - 4 - when Mr. Riley requested that this headquarters order her to give him a formal statement prior to the trial, the request was under the circum- stances denied on the grounds of propriety." EMJr: Yes. 8: "Our views in this regard were likewise conveyed to Mr. Caseidy and he stated to the effect that his policy regarding witnesses prior to the trial was one of hands-off, and to let the opposition interview them as they pleased." HMJr: Yes. en "And it was legally a matter for the witness to decide, and that therefore there was no legal method of compelling any witness to be interviewed against his will prior to the trial. These views were also conveyed to Mr. Riley and later Mr. Riley admitted that he diá not wish to interview the nurse a.e a part of any official investigation by the Customs Department, but purely for the purpose of assisting the accused defense counsel." Well, if that 18 80, why, of course, Riley was asking for something that under the law, BE I understand it, he wouldn't have a right to, HMJr: Well, I don't know, Harry, but S: I mean, in other words, what they've done is to leave the witness alone to her own decisions HMJr: Yes. St and they're very emphatic in regard to that, and not to put any Army compulsion either one way or the other on her; and inasmuch as they feel pretty strongly about it, I think they have leaned over backwards - not leaned over backwards - but they've stood up straight. HKJr: Well, I appreciate your taking all this personal interest in it, and I will see Gaston and Foley Regraded Unclassified 171 - 5 - immediately and ask them where the thing stands and tell them what you have told me. Well, my whole object was to see that our people 5: don't interfere with the proper trial there. HMJr: Well, that's all I'm asking. That's all I'm asking. S: I know that's all you're asking, and I have perhaps gone further than I would ordinarily do HMJr: Yes. S: to follow up a telegram with a telephone ..... talk on the subject. HMJr: Well, I think what you've done is only what I would expect you would do under similar circum- stances, knowing you S: And I thought I would also tell you that there 18 another side to it out there HMJr: Yes. 8: and that these officers of the Army who didn't know this young man at all - he had just come from the Philippines - feel very strongly that he was shot without provocation HMJr: I see. S: on the evidence that they've heard there. HMJr: Well that, of course, I wouldn't attempt to pass on that, because I don't S: I don't either. I just wanted you to know that there was another side. HMJr: Oh, I'm sure there 18. S: These are respectable men - Short - - General Short out there, is an able man and I just asked about Regraded Unclassified 172 - 6 - him - I don't know him personally - but General Marshall says that he 18 an able fellow and will do what's ordered. HMJr: Goesip has it - and this 16 pure gossip - that this man had been ordered back from the Philippines because he was mentally deranged. Now, that's pure gossin. S: Well, they - in this long telegram, Short says that your man made that statement out there, and that he doesn't have any of it to that effect at all. HMJr: I £ee. Well S: So that evidently, if he was mentally deranged, this branch of the Army hadn't heard of it. HMJr: Well, anyway, Harry, you've done everything that anybody could possibly ask for. The man will get a fair trial. 3: Yes, he'll - I'm sure he'll get a fair trial. HMJr: Now, whether he's guilty or whether he shot without provocation, I don't know and I don't care, but S; Yes. You're only seeking a fair trial. HMJr: That's all I'm seeking, and S: And I was trying to helo you to get it. HMJr: Well, I think you have. I think you've done everything anybody could ask. S: I think 80 far 88 these - as the Army authorities there are concerned, you and I'll get it all right. HMJr: Well, and - if anything turne up and I feel that we don't and I'm sure of my facts S: Yes. HMJr: I'll communicate with you. Regraded Unclassified 173 - 7 - S: All right. HMJr: Thank you. Regraded Unclassified 174 October 27, 1941 9:45 a.m. GROUP MEETING Present: Mr. Foley Mr. Kuhn Mr. Graves Mr. Gaston Mr. Bell Mr. Thompson Mr. Blough Mr. Morris Mr. Buffington Mr. Barnard Mr. Schwarz Mr. Jullivan Mr. Heas Mr. White Mrs. Klotz H.M.Jr: The reason I was delayed - I an sorry - was that Mr. Stimson had me on the wire ten minutes. I will talk to you people about it afterward. Gaston: Right. E.M.Jr: lie not only sent his telegram but he called up the Commanding General from the District on the telephone. Foley: Well, I called licCloy about 12:30 on Saturday after I had talked with Chambers, so that the Army wouldn't interpose through the Commandant out there an objection to a continuance for a month, as Chambers thought they might do. Regraded Unclassified 175 - 2 - H.M.Jr: I couldn't tell him what you had been doing, but Stimson called up the Commanding General on the telephone and he said, "I want my orders carried out." The Commanding General said, "They will be." And then a lot of stuff which I don't want to go into now. Who is Cassidy? Gaston: As I recall, that is one of the Navy Lieutenants. Connally was the man that was shot. H.M.Jr: Well, whoever is going to do the prosecuting -- Foley: Cassidy is the territorial prosecutor. H.M.Jr: And he is refusing to prosecute because he thinks that our man was in the wrong. Foley: Yes. Out there the Army views this as cold blooded murder. That is what Chambers said. H.M.Jr: Well, anyway, if you people will stay behind, -- Thompson: I have got a letter that Mr. Kuhn sent for your signature. H.M.Jr: Oh yes. I hear by Peter Odegard that Barth has decided to stay with us. Kuhn: That is right. H.M.Jr: Now, who lets Stettinius know? Kuhn: I believe Oscar Cox. H.M.Jr: Who tells Oscar Cox? Kuhn: Barth. H.M.Jr: I don't have to do anything? Kuhn: No, sir. Regraded Unclassified 176 - 3 - H.M.Jr: It is all right with me. Have you got anything else? Thompson: I have sent over to the Bureau of the Budget of the Budget B. deficiency extimate of approximately four million dollars for Foreign Funds for the rest of this year. H.M.Jr: How much? Thompson: A little over four million dollars. Our approp- riation is a million, two hundred fifty thousand, and it has gone up to five million more. H.M.Jr: What else? Thompson: That is all. H.M.Jr: I have got a follow up here for Messrs. Foley, Gaston and Thompson, that they were going to get together and decide the fate of one Sam Klaus. Thompson: We have had a number of meetings. Gaston: That has been decided. Foley: And the order is in process of writing it and we will bring it in to you as soon as the job is finished. H.M.Jr: What are you doing with him? Gaston: We are putting him under Mr. Foley's jurisdiction with the provision that he will continue to do substantially the same things for me that he has been doing heretofore. H.M.Jr: Sounds like Leon Henderson, the way they fixed him. He says the only difference in the job was, he had to walk from one end of Washington to the other but he still had the same responsibility. Regraded Unclassified -, 4 - 177 Gaston: Well, the question of responsibility is & little different here. Ed gets the responsibility. Foley: He (Gaston) gets the benefit and I get the responsibility. (Laughter) H.M.Jr: Just as long as I continue to hear the gossip. Gaston: I won't comment on that. H.M.Jr: We know you know what is happening to Klaus. Thompson: I would like to get your permission to move Mr. Klaus to the Washington Building. I have no more space in this building. H.M.Jr: He is responsibile to Mr. Foley. Thompson: Well, he told me I could move him. H.M.Jr: From now on, don't come to me about Sammy Klaus. I know what makes Sammy run. (Laughter) Don't ask me, if that is the way your set-up is. Thompson: Well, we will work it out. Sammy probably will come to you. H.M.Jr: No, if it is a signed order that (Foley) is his boss. That answers that argument. You just start in. Foley: John says keep him in the district. Sullivan: It looks to me as though Sam is getting an awful trimming around here. (Laughter) H.M.Jr: Any time, Barnard, they wish fifteen or twenty economists on you and you want a ringmaster, send for Sanmy Klaus. He will take care of them. Barnard: I had better get acquainted with him quick. (Laughter) Regraded Unclassified - 5 - 178 Sullivan: Yes, quick. Bell: You should have known him last week, shouldn't you? H.M.Jr: Here is that request on the mail survey still pending. Thompson: I have a man making a very thorough survey of the mail. He is covering the whole Department and setting up new procedures. I will have a preliminary report from him tomorrow on this. H.M.Jr: All right. I asked Thompson to prepare and Mr. Foley to approve a le tter to the Attorney General requesting instructions from the President if the Treasury is to turn personnel investigations over to F.B.I. Thompson: That letter has been drafted, and Mr. Foley thought he had better wait until he sees J. Edgar Hoover. H.M.Jr: He is supposed to be coming in this afternoon. Mr. Ickes went to town on J. Edgar Hoover and said he wasn't going to have J. Edgar Hoover investigating his office. Foley: Yes, his man called me up and wanted to know if he could get together with us on some suggested modifications of that procedure. H.M.Jr: Who is that man? Foley: Felix Cohen. H.M.Jr: What I said was this -- Foley: There is that statute I thought you might want to have in front of you. H.M.Jr: Ickes had it. What I said was this, that there Regraded Unclassified 179 . 6 . were some two thousand cases that we had asked under O.E.M. for Hoover to investigate and he had only investigated about a hundred and twenty-seven. So that they wouldn't pick me up, I said that may be ten percent off, one way or the other, that what reason had I to believe that he could do these if he can't do the other, 80 to my amazement, in & stage whisper, the Attorney General whispered that the reason he didn't do the two thousand is that he doesn't want you to have that part of the work. Thompson: Mr. Irey told me that Lucey now is going to try to lay the blame on McGuire. Matthew McGuire was there and he was handling that and told Lucey and Lucey told Elmer Irey that McGuire was holding all of our requests on his desk. H.M.Jr: Has Mr. Hoover started the investigation on the fifty so-called Communists? Thompson: Not that I know. I checked that list of thirty-six and sixteen names washed out. There are twenty we have never investigated at all. Twelve of them are no longer in the Treasury, two of them are wives of Treasury employees, four of them have never been in the Treasury. That is the way it checks out, so that there are twenty left that we never made any check on at all. H.M.Jr: Then doesn't it get down to really three organ- imations? Gaston: Six organizations. H.M.Jr: Are there six? But I mean, most of them are the Friends of Democracy. Foley: The League for Democracy and the Washington Bookshop are the two most prominent. As far as the Regraded Unclassified 180 - 7 - Bookshop is concerned, you can get books cheaper there than you can any place else, and that is one of the reasons why some of our people belong and get books from that shop. I don't know anything Communistic about the organization. H.M.Jr: Well, anyway, I think Mr. Hoover is coming in this afternoon. All right? Thompson: That is all. Bell: We got two hundred ninety-seven million on the three hundred RFC. H.M.Jr: Two-seventy-nine? Bell: Two-ninety-seven and we got two hundred and one million of the two hundred and four million of the Commodity Credit. H.M.Jr: That is a record, isn't it? Bell: It is very close to a record. It is very good. This is B. matter of information. The Swiss earmarked another twenty million dollars worth of gold on the twenty-first. That makes about ninety-four million. H.M.Jr: What is that? Bell: Switzerland earmarked another twenty million dollars of gold last week and that makes about ninety-four million dollars they have earmarked within the past ten months. There seems to be some gold coming in to South America, particularly Argentina, from Japan. The Argentine Ambassador has asked us whether or not -- H.M.Jr: I passed on that once. Bell: That gold comes up to standard. You say you have? Regraded Unclassified 181 - 8 - H.M.Jr: Yes. Didn't you speak to me about it? Foley: I spoke to you about it on Friday. H.M.Jr: And this committee. Will you two get together? Bell: Yes. H.M.Jr: How does it come to you? Bell: The Argentine Ambassador and the mint. H.M.Jr: Well, will you and Foley get together? Foley said he wanted to take it up on his committee and we discussed it. Bell: Well, he apparently wants to take it up with his committee to try to find out how much gold and whether or not it is going to eventually go into dollars. Foley: That is right, as a means of avoiding our controls. I raised it with Dean and he has got it under consideration over in the State Department now. Bell: Well, I guess I gave it to Bernstein. Foley: You gave it to Bernie and Bernie brought it right to me and then we have got a couple of other angles on it too that came directly to us in the way of intercepts. Bell: I thought I would try to find out the amount for the Ambassador and tell him that it stands up very well under the refinancing processes. Foley: I think we ought to find out the amount and the purpose. H.M.Jr: I have got to read this to you. Foley: I think what he is trying to find out, Dan, is whether or not we have any objection to buying that gold from Argentina if they buy it from Japan. Regraded Unclassified 182 - 9 - B.M.Jr: May I read you a very personal letter from the President? It is marvelous. It shows his humor. I will see if there are any words you people wouldn't understand. He refers to & man by the name of Townsend who is the former Democratic chairman, but he isn't any longer. "In the life of the Secretary of the Treasury there stands out a historic anniversary usually celebrated toward the end of each October. It is the day of thanks-offering that he may throw his loving appreciation to the great Dimithratic Party of Dutchess County which gave him birth. It gives him opportunity to keep his foster mother in health and strength for just one more year. "In other words, 'Cough up.' Townsend is after me. I have as usual bought a meal ticket for Mommer. Please do the same. F.D.R." ..lotz: Mama, M-o-m-m-e-r. M.E.Jr: Will you see that it is taken care of? Xiotz: Yes. H.M.Jr: Isn't that marvelous? Wonderful. Don't tell Ham Fish about it. Jall: That is all I have. Here is a letter you might read some time. H.D.Jrs I think you had better do It before tomorrow, too. Klotz: Had you anticipated that? H.H.Jr: I was waiting. I thought it might slip by. You now know who is Democratic chairman of Regraded Unclassified 183 - 10 - Duchess County. Who writes you letters, John? Sullivan: I am glad you mentioned that. I have got a city election a week from tomorrow. H.M.Jr: This is for Haas and Barnard, a chart on Procurement. Barnard: I have it here. H.M.Jr: All right, when we get around to you. Is that all, Dan? Bell: Yes. E.M.Jr: Harold, how is good old New Orleans? How is the Louisiana Purchase? Did we get stuck? Graves: Kind of. I think I would like to have, if you could give it to me, ten or fifteen minutes to tell you about that and a few other things. E.M.Jr: Well, your pal, Elmer, is in here at ten- fifteen. Ten-thirty? Graves: Fine. R.M.Jr: I was told - oh, I know who told me, Sol Haas. Carl M. Richards is deputy in Seattle and gets thirty-five hundred. He says all the other deputies get & minimum of forty-six hundred, and he says this boy is really good. Gaston: I have been talking to Harold about that. Carl Richards is the man that we brought back from France, and he had some very interesting adventures with the German Army. He has been lecturing on these adventures out there with very great success, and he Regraded Unclassified 184 - 11 - has been transferred over as an assistant to administrator, Sol Haas, but he is still on the Customs payroll at thirty-six hundred dollars a year. The Customs people don't feel that as a Customs man they could ad- vance him beyond that. I think the best thing to do, and I think Richards would accept it, would be this: to let him resign as a Customs agent to be transferred to the Savings Bond roll and they could give him & higher rate, and then I think that the chances of taking him back again on the Customs roll would be all right when he got through with that work, but there doesn't seem to be any way to raise him in Customs without putting the Customs ratings out of line. H.M.Jr: Well, both Sol Haas and Anna Boettiger spoke to me about him. Gaston: He is very fine and doing effective work. H.M.Jr: Supposing you (Graves) talk to me when I see you at ten-thirty. Graves: Yes, sir. H.M.Jr: And also about Richards. Graves: Yes, sir. H.M.Jr: I thought you were going to see Dietz today. Buffington: Well, Mr. Kuhn suggested that I wait until after that letter that he was sending to him. H.M.Jr: I am not going to write that letter. Kuhn: Did you see it, Mr. Secretary? Regraded Unclassified 185 - 12 - H.M.Jr: Yes. You will have to see me. Kuhn: All right. Buffington: I was planning to go on Wednesday. We had mailed out by late Saturday afternoon twenty-three and a half million copies of "Know Your Taxes, If which represents all mailing. H.M.Jr: Wonderful. Buffington: I am not sure that we have hit all the right people, but I am working on that chamber of commerce and national associa- tion. I am preparing a condensed circular in that "Know Your Taxes." We have suggested that if people want more information, they get a copy from the bank of 667, which is the official circular. I would like to get a discussion with these men about a con- densed circular, because I think we will have a good many inquiries from people who have received that "Know Your Tax" circular. We may want later to include a condensed circular in the payroll envelopes. H.M.Jr: I wish you would get somebody with a car from Norman Thompson to go out for a week anywhere and just call at banks and find out their reaction to this circular. Let them spend a week calling on as many as they can a day. Buffington: I am planning to do that same thing through the Chamber with nine hundred thousand corporations, with the heads of nine hundred thousand corporations. H.M.Jr: But I mean if you can get a man that can just go and call for 8 week on banks and seo if they get this, what they are going Regraded Unclassified - 13 - 186 to do about it. Just drop in and check up, to get the reaction from the field on this thing. Will you do that? Buffington: Yes. Did you see the publicity that we got on this release? H.M.Jr: No, I did not. Schwarz: We got a good play yesterday. Many of the papers used two or three or even four of the tables. E.N.Jr: In the papers I read I didn't see it. Will you send it in to me? Schwarz: Yes, sir. I sent it to Norman. I will see that you get those copies. N.M.Jr: To Norman? Thompson: Well, I have been working with sir. Kuhn on weeding out of the clippings. Schwarz: We will see that you get them. H.M.Jr: You got my note on the Reston story? Schwarz: Yes. We will have memo for you. H.M.Jr: They charged the whole three million three, Harold, to publicity. Kuhn: Mr. Secretary, I can explain that. Not to publicity, but to promotion of all kinds, and the field organization which makes speeches, contacts labor unions and so forth, is all trying to sell this program to the country, and that is why it was included. We were saved on that story from a fate worse than death because there is a budget report that shows that the Treasury has six hundred Regraded Unclassified - 14 - 187 seventy-two full-time employees on publicity, information, and so on, and six hundred and sixty-one part-time, and the writer of this article rang me up about that. They had included all the addressograph people, and all the Internal Revenue people, and so on. H.M.Jr: Well, have you told that to Bell? Kuhn: No. H.M.Jr: I wish you would tell Bell, because I would like to have him call up the Director of the Budget. Every time they get a chance to take a shot at us, they do. Kuhn: If that had been an unfriendly writer of an article, he could have made hay with us on that Budget report. Bell: Did it come out of the Budget? H.M.Jr: Yes. Schwarz: Out of the Budget to the House Appropriations Committee. Kuhn: Yes, very bad. H.M.Jr: One of these days I am going to come out publicly and say something about Harold Smith. I would love to say something about his report to Congress on economy. Of all the weak-kneed dishwater I ever read in my life, his report on that thing was the most supine, intellectually dishonest thing I have read in a long time. Did you read it? Bell: Yes, I read it. H.M.Jr: My God, it turned my stomach. Otherwise I - 15 - 188 I thought it was good. I am just sick and tired of having that man shoot at us all the time, and you know every time you call him he apologizes or blames somebody else, so if you get this story and call him. Bell: I take it this was a routine report, wasn't it, on estimates? Thompson: It was, yes. Bell: It is about in the same form as what all other de- partments' estimates go un in, is that right? Graves: I don't know about this, Dan. Kuhn: But it puts us in such a vulnerable posi- tion, Dan. H.M.Jr: Tell Bell the story they got from the Budget and then Bell is going to call up Harold Smith for me and ask him how come, because if Reston can get it, anybody can get it. Kuhn: Sure, Frank Kent or anybody can get it. H.M.Jr: And it is up there before Congress. Will you do that for me? Bell: Yes, sir. Schwarz: It includes all the people working on statistics of income, which is a large number. Kuhn: More than three hundred. H.M.Jr: I understood from Odegard he had to start charging either twelve or thirteen hundred men on publicity. - 16 - 189 Kuhn: Six hundred seventy-some full time and six hundred sixty-some part time. It included two hundred twenty-eight full time people in the mail room. Thompson: They gave us a form on which to make reports, and they wanted to know the people who work on preparing annual reports, statistics of income, mailing lists and those things. When you give them all those details, it adds up to those man hours of employees. All departments reported on that basis and without explanation it looks bad. H.M.Jr: I will say it looks bad. Anything else, Chick? Schwarz: The American Automobile Association is asking for a message from you for their meeting next month, asking people to use some of their surplus for traveling around the country. H.M.Jr: You tell them I am in favor of the discon- tinuance of the manufacture of all pleasure cars. - 17 - 190 Schwarz: I told them we would like to sell some bonds and tax notes. H.M.Jr: Just tell them that is my message. Schwarz: That takes care of them. That is all. H.M.Jr: I hope you have a sense of humor. I mean it, but I don't - (Laughter) I mean, that is what I think should happen, but I don't think I would announce it just yet. Schwarz: We will take care of them. H.M.Jr: Harry? White: In attempting to guess how much the new tax proposals, forced savings proposals, will reduce the ordinary purchase of baby bonds, we have very little information to go on. I was wondering whether it wouldn't be worth while if George could have a survey made of an appropriate sample of the purchasers of baby bonds to determine what income classes they fall into. He might make a preliminary survey to see how much it would cost, but I think that we need more information now, and I think that as time goes on, more information will become increasingly important. 191 - 18 - H.M.Jr: I want to tell Graves he had better find out what is going on during the week that he is gone, to find out what effect this whole thing that is being developed under Barnard will have on the Baby Bonds. You had better get in on that, Harold. Graves: Yes, sir. H.M.Jr: It is up to you to find out what effect it would have on savings bonds. I assure you it won't help your sales. Pell: That is right. H.M.Jr: But you can do It that way. Anything else, Harry? White: Nothing. H.M.Jr: George? (Mr. Haas handed reports to the Secretary). H.M.Jr: I have got to tell a story on Harry. Harry last night was arguing with me for deducting fifteen per cent cent at the source from everyone's payroll. I said, "Harry, I thought that you were opposed to forced saving." He said, "Oh, I only was opposed to it when I didn't think it would be effective." White: Are you sure the joke is on me? (Laughter). H.M.Jr: For the moment. White: I still think I am right. H.M.Jr: I think it is on you. Sullivan: You had better not put it to a vote. Regraded Unclassified - 19 - 192 H.M.Jr: Ed thinks it is on you. Barnard: I have the reports on Procurement. They show pretty good improvement in the last six weeks, and pretty good efficiency except on special metals and on machinery. H.M.Jr: Do you mind explaining those to me at eleven o'clock? I think George had better come in, too. Do you suppose you could get Mack over here at eleven? Barnard: Yes, I think SO. H.M.Jr: I would like to go over those with you and Haas and Mack. Anything else? Barnard: That is all. H.M.Jr: noy? Blough: I believe not. H.M.Jr: Make up your mind, Roy (laughter). Kuhn: A hundred things, but none of them important. Foley: You look surprised. H.M.Jr: Take the cushion out of that seat and give him a little more room. Morris: It is out. Kuhn: I have nothing. Morris: I had a very good trip, and I had some very interesting thoughts on the question of the paper, "Know your Taxes", (handing cartoon to the Secretary). Regraded Unclassified 193 - 20 - H.M.Jr: I will see you. You ask for an appointment. Morris: All right. Sullivan: Mr. Anderson and Mr. Evans got here from Chicago this morning. Do you want to see them? H.M.Jr: I will tell you, when Mr. Barnard is through - has somebody received them? Sullivan: They came to my office just as I was leaving for the nine thirty meeting, and they are still waiting. It is too bad I didn't have a chance to start them going. I am going to work on them as soon as we get out of this meeting. H.M.Jr: When Barnard is through reporting at eleven, I will ask them to come in and I will have 8. little talk with them myself. But they are there waiting? Sullivan: They are in my office, yes, sir. H.M.Jr: Will you remind me, Barnard? Barnard: Yes. Sullivan: I am wondering if we shouldn't have some talks with Mr. Doughton and Senator George and find out whether they are going to take this recess, and whether or not -- H.M.Jr: I saw that whole statement of Doughton's in in the paper. I didn't know whether it had anything to do with your going on the Hill or not. It followed your going on the Hill. Sullivan: No. I told you about my conversation with John McCormack and Sam Rayburn. Then the boys up on the Hill began to let it leak out they thought they were going to have 8 recess. Regraded Unclassified 194 - 21 - George Bryant went to Mr. Doughton and Doughton said "No", that he hadn't asked that this be postponed. Then I understand that Senator George became very much disturbed and went to see Doughton because he wants this Administrative bill in this fall. H.M.Jr: Well, John, I have hopes that Bornard and the group that is working with him will have something for me in a few days, and then if we do, I will be in a much better position to talk. I would like to wait for a few days and then I hope I know where I am at. Sullivan: I realize that it is going to be a lot easier if you know which thing you want to do, but I think we have to talk with them before the end of the week, or we may lose out. H.M.Jr: We have to. I have to know which way I am going before the end of the week. Sullivan: Congressman Gore has a profit limiting bill similar to the one that Vinson introduced, and they asked for reports on both of those, and in accordance with our previous conversation, I told them that we didn't want to make up our minds or take a position until we saw what was in the report the Vinson investigating committee was turning in. He said he would like very much to have a temporary, tentative report, and I said we didn't like to do that, because we might be obliged to reverse our position when we learned the facts. He might speak to you about it. H.M.Jr: Let's just sit tight for B. day or two. Sullivan: Right. That is all I have to report. Foley: Here is a little memorandum from Louchheim of the SEC on the effect of the modification Regraded Unclassified - 22 - 195 of general license number nine, speculation of commodities. H.M.Jr: What does it say? Foley: Well, he says it is a good thing to do, and it caused the market to sag a little bit on Sat- urday, but on the whole there was trading in commodities on the part of these people, and it was a good thing to shut it off. H.M.Jr: Well, you are investigating -- Foley: I wanted to know whether or not it would be all right for Joe to talk to some of the people at the SEC. H.M.Jr: Sure. But I want those grain houses, foreign grain houses, investigated. Foley: Oh. H.M.Jr: Promptly. Foley: Yes. And then pursuing the same idea a little farther, as to how to take speculation out of the whole business. H.M.Jr: But will you move fast on those grain houses? Foley: Yes, that havethe general license. H.M.Jr: The only paper I saw was the Tribune, that had a story. Foley: It was all right. Kuhn: The Post had it, Mr. Secretary, and the Times had it, I think. H.M.Jr: It was all right, wasn't it? Regraded Unclassified 196 - 23 - Xuhn: Very inconspicuous, but it was all right. johwerze The Star yesterday had a story that it had hit the market Saturday. E.V.Jr: Lit the market in what? Schwartz: That the market had declined. H.M.Jr: In commodities? Schwarz: Yes. H.M.Jr: Take a look at it, George, and see how much. HAHST There were some other factors in the thing. The WAll Street Journal wrote it up as one of the factors. Foley: These letters that have come in in reply to your general letter to all the banks. H.M.Jr: Yes. Foley: We would like to handle it this way. The replies from the secretaries of state banking associations that require attention, the answers to be prepared for my signature, the replies to the letters from the presidents of the banks that require attention, for John's signature, and then we would like to turn all the letters over to Merillat if Merillat is available. E.M. Jr: Tell Thompson about it. I don't want to be bothered with it. Foley: All right. H.M.Jr: Just clear it with Norman Thompson. Whatever you fellows decide. Is that right? Regraded Unclassified - 24 - 197 Klotz: Yes. H.M.Jr: I don't want to be bothered with it. He is doing the mail investigation and this comes right in it. I turned Merillat over to you. Foley: I haven't got him yet. H.M.Jr: It is not my .fault. Foley: That is one of the reasons I am bringing it up here. H.M.Jr: I said Merillat was yours a week or ten days ago. Kuhn: As soon as he could be replaced. I am trying to replace him. Ed has got him three days a week, anyway. Bell: Friday, Saturday, and Sunday (laughter). Foley: John Pehle says"I should appreciate your advice as to whether Mr. Merillat is available for this work." H.M.Jr: I simply said yes that he was yours the next day. Foley: I have got him with 8 mortgage (laughter). I haven't got clear title. Sullivan: Is he still on my payroll? They took him from me in the first place. This is very amusing to see them fighting over him. H.M.Jr: All right, what else, Ed? Foley: That is all. Regraded Unclassified 198 - 25 - H.M.Jr: I go back to say, Ferdie said you could have him. Foley: That is what I thought too, but then Ferdie lost another man and he wasn't able to replace him, and he has hung on to him. I don't blame Ferdie, but -- Kuhn: As soon as I can get somebody who can do those letters. Foley: We will use him if we only can get him. H.M.Jr: Ferdie will give you an appointment and you can talk it over. What else? Foley: Here is a memorandum on the conversation Paul Shorb had with Kades on this unemploy- ment compensation plan. Apparently Colt talked to Pratt and Whitney. Pratt and Whitney want to know all about it and want a ruling. Chuck told them that we didn't have any Colt plan and if they wanted a ruling they had better submit something, so Shorb is apparently going to get some plan together and get a ruling. He said Ferguson of Colt had talked to him about it. Gaston: You asked me about the future of Coast Guard in connection with the Navy. That has all been worke a out some time ago. It is known in the Coast Guard as Plan one. All that is necessary to do to put it into effect is sending a message, "Plan one acknowledged." In general, it provides for the operation as a bureau somewhat similar to the Marine Corps. However, the local areas will be under the command of the Navy Commander, District Commander, as to certain functions and supply and personnel and so on. Regraded Unclassified 199 - 26 - H.M.Jr: Would you and Waesche come up tomorrow and explain it to me? Gaston: Yes. H.M.Jr: It has never been explained. Would you ask Fitz outside? Gaston: Yes. H.M.Jr: I have never seen it. I would like Norman Thompson to see it. It was never cleared with me. Gaston: Well, of course the Navy - - if that happens it is entirely within the Navy's power to do just as they please. H.M.Jr: No, it is up to the President of the United States. I thought we had a plan where we were going to keep Waesche here and keep the Great Lakes and the inshore stuff and every- thing else. That was the last I heard, that it would be taken and reassigned back to us. That was what the President said he wanted. Gaston: I didn't understand that to be true in case of war. H.M.Jr: Oh, yes, sure, that he would take it and then we had a legal ruling that the President could reassign it, and there was something like that during the world war. Some bureau was reassigned back by Wilson, wasn't it? Foley: Yes. H.M.Jr: Don't you remember something about that? Foley: Yes, I remember it now. H.M.Jr: I mean, I have made this fight for nine years for Coast Guard and I thought that was the Regraded Unclassified - 27 - 200 understanding, that they would take it and then the President - that is what the Presi- dent has in mind, that he would give it back. I had never heard of a plan one. I will get this stuff to you people about Stimson. I don't want to stop now. I will give you some notes on it. Foley: All right. TREASURY DEPARTMENT 201 WASHINGTON October 27, 1941 MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY: I talked this morning with Mr. Wait, in Florida, about Karl Richards who is working for Mr. Haas in Seattle. Mr. Wait gave Mr. Richards a clean bill of health in every particular. I am arranging to have Mr. Richards trans- ferred from the Customs Service to the Defense Savings Staff at Seattle for the duration of the emergency. GRAVES Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 202 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Thompson I have placed Mr. Larson, one of our trouble shooters, in Chick Schwarz' office with instructions to so organize the work that it may flow effectively. I am also assigning to the office William L. Lynch, an experienced young man, to work with Mr. Larson and to become office manager when Mr. Larson completes his assign- ment. Lynch is a young fellow who knows how to get things done. for Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 203 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE 10-27-41 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Schwarz The New York Times story this morning on defense Information activities of the Government listed as a Treasury information expenditure all of the $3,300,000 allotment to the Defense Savings Staff from the current fiscal year's appropriation for Expenses of Loans. This allotment covers much work that should be described as "promotional" rather than as the cost of running an "information department." From the efforts of this staff we are getting as patriotic contributions radio, newspaper, magazine and motion picture advertising worth more than $3,000,000 a month. Moreover, when considering that the allotment is sustaining a program of more than $3,000,000,000, the cost of promotional work 1s running at a rate of less than 11/100 of 1 per cent. In 1918, with the nation engaged as a belligerent in the first World War, total expenses of $13,757,000 were incurred in the six-weeks campaign for the Fourth Liberty Loan, which raised almost $7,000,000,000. The current allotment 1s paying for millions of posters and pamphlets which have done much to stimulate the sale of Defense Bonds and Stamps. It is also drawn upon to pay the salaries and expenses of 175 field workers, who are providing valuable contacts with banks, insurance companies, business, labor, farm and social organizations, women's groups, schools and colleges, etc. While a small part of their time [8 devoted to delivering speeches on the Defense Savings program, they must give considerable attention to practical sales work and to developing the actual mechanics of payroll allotment plans for workers in industry and business and systematic savings arrangements for others. Regraded Unclassified 204 October 27, 1941 10:57 a.m. HMJr: That's marvelous. Grace Tully: (Laughs) HMJr: How much did he cough up? T: Yes, sir, he did. HMJr: How much? T: He coughed uo plenty. H.Jr: Five hundred? T: Yesh. HMJr: What? T: Five hundred for Townsend and a hundred and fifty to Killmer; of course, that's the Hyde Park local thing - the other is the Democratic - Dutchess County Democratic Committee. Five hundred. 4MJr: Yeah, that's what he - five hundred to : Townsend. HMJr: And a hundred and fifty in his district? I: Yeah. He gave it to Killmer - a hundred and fifty. HMJr: I never could - I just hate to do it - it's Just the most wasteful money I spend. I: Well, maybe it showe results, I don't know. AMJr: Well, I've never seen any yet. 2: No, you never see them really very much. I said, "Oh, you don't have to give all that." And he eaid, "Yes, I always do." (Laughe) Regraded Unclassified 205 - 2 - HMJr: Well, I think - well, I'll give them six fifty, but whether I give them a hundred and fifty in my town, I don't know. T: Uh huh. HMJr: It's the moet wasteful money, but we'll do it today, anyway. T: All right, fine. HMJr: Now, that appointment for tomorrow..... T: Yeah. HMJr: ..... did that include Stacy May? T: Yes, sir. HMJr: It does. T: You and Stacy May and Harry Hopkins and the President. HMJr: Right. T: That's as you suggested and as he said would be all right. HMJr: Right. T: And I sent a memo to Harry saying that he was expected. HMJr: Now, one other thing that you might tell the President when he's alone. T: Yes, sir. HMJr: He asked me the other day about two people. T: Yes. HMJr: One of them was Donald Nelson. T: Yes. Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 206 HMJr: And you might say to him that from personal experience that I've had with Donald Nelson, he just will not stand up under fire. T: Uh huh. HMJr: Under - or put under pressure. T: Yeah. HMJr: He seems sort of doubtful. T: Uh huh. HMJr: You've got somebody in your room, huh? T: No, no. No, I haven't. I know what I'm saying. HMJr: You're surprised at what I'm saying? T: Yes, I am a little, uh huh. HMJr: Well, so I gathered, but T: It's HMJr: What? T: never been my impression is the only reason why I picture him. HMJr: Well T: but I don't know a great deal about it. HMJr: Well, under pressure he'll not stand up. T: Uh huh. HMJr: And this is not heresay. T: Uh huh. HMJr: Now he asked me about one other person. I haven't had a chance. Regraded Unclassified 207 - 4 - T: I see. HMJr: But I'd like - this is terribly confidential. T: Yes. HMJr: See? T: Yes, I know it. HMJr: What? T: Yeah. HMJr: So sometime when you're alone with him, and if he wants to ask me what I mean, he can ask me. T: Yes, sir. All right, fine. HMJr: I didn't want to say it in front of anybody else. T: No. All right, fine. HMJr: You will tell him that, won't you? T: Indeed I will. HMJr: And you will keep it confidential? T: Yes, sir. All right, sir, I will. HMJr: Thank you. T: All right. Regraded Unclassified 208 October 27, 1941 12:00 Noon HMJr: I have something here, and I didn't know whether you could just pick it up or not to bring it over at one o'clock. I wondered - have you a bencil? Stady key: Yes. H.Jr: whether your office knows (1) what ie the total production of aluminum and magnesium in this country at present. M: Yes, we have it. How much of it 18 needed for the airplane industry - that's planes and rengines - what do they need? 14: Yes. HMJr: And what at present goes for other ourposes than airplanes or engines. X: Yes. HNJr: And how much 1s the airolane and the engine production at present retarded due to the shortage of aluminum and magnesium. M: All right, eir. I'll bring it All over. 9MJr: Wonderful. What e man! be: (Laughs) HNJr: And. MI The last one is the sketchier one, sir, but I can bring you substantially that story. HMJr: And I thought we'd have a little dress reheareal at lunch. You're included in this nine-thirty tomorrow morning. Regraded Unclassified - 2 - 209 M: At nine-thirty. Fine, sir. HMJr: Just Hopkins, you and I. M: oh, that's grand, sir. HMJr: Yes. M: Fine. HMJr: Right. M: Good-bye. Regraded Unclassified 210 October 27, 1941 2:55 0.0. HMJr: Hello. Oberator: Mr. Pehle. H/Jr: Hello. John Pehlet Yes, Mr. Secretary. HMJr: John, Mr. Arthur Rubinstein, the pianist, is here. F: Un huh. HMJr: And he does business 57th Street in New York, Park Avenue, National City Bank. P: Uh huh. HMJr: And he's having some troubles, and they may have let him have the money when they shouldn't and they're worried. Now, who looks after that for you? P: Why, I look after it myself. HMJr: Well, now, the point 18 that we want to do everything we can for Mr. Rubinstein, end - let me just tell you. He's got two problems. He's got, one, as I understand it, his normal checking account 16 with the National City's 57th Street and Park Avenue, and then this other thing 18, he wants to build a house in Los Angeles. P: Uh huh. EXJr: It's practically finished. (Talke sside) Is it paid for? Well, then what are you worrying about? He wants money to live on. P: That doesn't sound like any problem. Regraded Unclassified 211 - 2 - HMJr: Now, that's what he 18 - - he's an alien here with a quota. P: Yeah. HMJr: Now, let me just find out. (Talks aside) Well, John, if I sent Mr. Rubinstein over, what time could you see him and let's settle it this afternoon. He's leaving town at eleven tonight. P: Well, if he comes over right now I'll see him. HMJr: He's to come right over now? P: That's right. HMJr: And fix him up 80 he doesn't worry, 80 he can go ahead and play the piano P: Right. HMJr: .....and not have any worries, and live on the money he earns here. P: That's right. HMJr: See? He shouldn't be worried. P: No, there won't be any problem about that. HMJr: No problem? P: No, sir. HMJr: All right. Well, fix him up and when he leaves - when he gete ready to leave - let him call me from your office, because I want to hear if he's stopped worrying. P: All right, I'll do that. HMJr: When he gete ready to leave, put him on the phone and let me talk to him to make sure Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 212 that everything is all right. Not that I doubt you, but I want to hear his voice. P: All right. I'll do that. HMJr: Okay? P: Yes, sir. HMJr: He'll be over there in ten or fifteen minutes. P: All right. HMJr: Thank you. Regraded Unclassified 213 October 27, 1941 4:03 p.m. HMJr: Mr. J. Edgar Hoover just left here. Norman Thompson: Yes, sir. HMJr: And he said that he doesn't want to do this investigating of OEM. He'd like us to do it. T: I see. HMJr: Hello. T: Yes, sir. HMJr: And I think strictly that whenever we run into anything that looks of & subversive nature, send the name over and he would look into it, and report to us. T: I see. HMJr: I told him I wanted him to do the whole thing, and he said he didn't want to. T: Uh huh. HMJr: I wouldn't give him an answer until I had a chance to talk to you people about it. T: Yes. HMJr: Ana ne says that he has the written record of - six times he tried to get the thing from Judge McGuire and McGuire wouldn't give a clearance. T: Well. HMJr: Six times. And he said the Attorney General knew it at Cabinet and it didn't clear him, and looked as though he was hanging the thing up. He was unable to get it off McGuire's desk. Well, so much for that. T: Yes. Regraded Unclassified 214 - 2 - HMJr: Now, on the people - on the fifty-six people from the Treasury T: Yes. HMJr: he will examine them in a room designated by you in the Treasury. T: I see. HMJr: He'll not ask them to come over to his office the way he intended to. T: I see. HMJr: He will simply examine them - they can sign it or not, as they want to, and then the report comes to me for me to decide what to do. T: I see. HMJr: The decision rests entirely with me. T: That's right. HMJr: And then after I've decided, just to let him know. T: Yes. HMJr: All they're going to do is to conduct the investigation; no recommendations of any kind. T: I see. HMJr: What's the matter with that? T: Well, I think that's all right. HMJr: Well, think it over, and..... T: I think that's all right. HMJr: He said he cleared the whole thing with Regraded Unclassified 215 - 3 - Mr. Baldwin of the Civil Liberties Association. T: I see. HMJr: You might not know him, but he's Roger Baldwin. He's a great liberal. T: Yes. HMJr: He went over the whole thing with Roger Baldwin and Roger Baldwin's approved the whole plan. T: Well, I can't see any great objection to that. HMJr: No fining, and only in the cases where they're sure that there's something, and they'll con- duct the investigation in a room in the Treasury after office hours 80 that nobody will be dis- turbed or excited or persecuted. T: Well, we can arrange that, all right. HMJr: I think it sounds fair, and after all, he has been given the job by Congress. T: Well, I'd like to talk to Mr. Gaston and Mr. Foley and Elmer about it and let us Bee how we feel about it. HMJr: Righto. T: All right, sir. Regraded Unclassified 216 October 27, 1941. MEMORANDUM TO: Secretary Morgenthau FROM: Mr. Gaston Norman Thompson has told me of your conversation with J. Edgar Hoover on the matter of character Investi- gations of Defense candidates. It seems to me that it is strictly up to Justice to make the next move. The situation is that an order is lying on the President's desk, written by McReynolds at the request of Ugo Carusi, as representative of the Attorney General, asking that the investigations be transferred back to F.B.I. If Justice now desires a different action, it seems to me that it is up to the Attorney General to inform the President. The job is very much heavier than we counted on when we took over the work. We were told that there would be about 4,000 investigations. We have already reported on approximately that number and there are an equal number pending for investigation. We were for B. brief time this summer disposing of cases as rapidly as they came in, but recently they have been coming in at the rate of approximately 400 a week (for the last six weeks) and we are handling them at the rate of 125 a week. We have 80 agents and 25 clerks on the job. We understand that O.E.M. is holding back 500 cases while waiting to see whether the work is switched to F.B.I. It is obvious that we shall have to double our crew and in addition get money in much more substantial amounts from O.E.M., but I don't think we ought to try to beg off, even though the dimensions of the job were greatly under-estimated at the start. That we should have expected. nor Regraded Unclassified 217 October 27, 1941 4:20 p.m. HMJr: Hello. Howard Deitz: Hello, Mr. Morgenthau. HMJr: How are you? D: oh, I'm all right, thank you. How are you? HMJr: Good. I got your letter with the suggestion about the thing that was written by Hecht and McArthur. D: Yes. HMJr: Well, I think that any way that we could use it would be fine. D: Yes. HMJr: See? D: Yes. HMJr: Now, I had another thing that I called you up about, was this. I know that you've been terribly busy with your own affairs D: Yes. HMJr: and that therefore you haven't been able to give us as much time on either D: AB I'á like to. HMJr: the radio or movies. D: Yes. HMJr: And I just wanted to first - how you felt the radio program was coming along. D: Well, I thought it started off on the NBC pretty badly. HNJr: Yes. Regraded Unclassified 218 a 1 1 D: And I think it's picking up now, AMJr: You do. D: I think last week would have been a great program if it hadn't been for a series of unfortunate mechanical things. HAJP: Yes. D: Sometimes they are a little beyond our control, but the effort was good there; and it was an slmost 9MJr: Well, are you going to D: very great program. I mean, Secretary Knox spoke more than we figured on. HiJr: That's right. D: It threw us, you know, a little askew: and then this stuff coming in from London - you can't quite figure what you're going to get. HMJr: No. D: But, it was 8 distinguished program. And I think this - I think tonight - tomorrow night is going to be very good. EMJr: Yeah. Well, now, are you going to be able to give us much time from now on? D: Well, it's - frankly, I'll try to give it 6.9 much as I can. HWr: Yeah. DL I don't neglect that we've got a set-up there. Have you anything in mind? I mean, anything you think of 19 HMJr: Well, the only thing that I have in mind WEE Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 219 this. They've suggested that we get an additional person to help out. This man Murray. I don't know who he 1s. D: We re agreeable on that. I mean, there's no - I have no personal feeling about it at all. HMJr: Well, do you think he's good? D: Think who? HMJr: Murray. D: Oh, B111 Murray? HMJr: Yes. D: Well, I think he's very good. The only trouble - thing about Bill Murray 18, he's not exactly thinking of our angle all the time. HMJr: He's not. D: He's a damn good worker though. I mean, it was a great help in our first program when I got him. HMJr: Well, you see, after all, my arrangement is personal between you and me; and I don't want to make any major change without talking to you. D: Yes, I understand that. HMJr: Because you've done B. swell job and I greatly appreciate what you've done. D: Well, I tell you frankly. I mean, some times- I mean, this ie my own estimate - some times I've done a very good job, sometimes I haven't; and some times circumstances have combined to make it difficult for me to do exactly what I wanted to do; but I think on this program, our problem 1e not very much a problem of talent, it's a problem of deciding what we Regraded Unclassified - 4 - 220 want to do. HMJr: Yes. D: If we knew very clearly what we wanted to do at all times, we could go boldly ahead in doing it. HMJr: Yes. D: For instance, there's almost nobody in the talented field that we cannot get. HMJr: That's right. D: With the proper approach. HMJr: That's right. D: But - and I don't think - take Bill Murray - I think he's a great help to us in getting the talent and I'm glad to have him. On the other hand, what we need 18 a decision as to what is to be said in this program. HMJr: Yes. D: Now, we're going along on the borderline of everything HMJr: Yes. D: never quite knowing what we want, whether we want to dig up something out of past American patriotism, whether we want to inspire the Atheniane into something. We don't quite - we're not cuite sure of ourselves. But we're going ahead and giving it entertainment and throwing in a commercial here and there, and it comes over sometimes distinguished, some- times a little emasculated, sometimes we don't know what. HMJr: Yeah. D: Now, I would like to Bee - if we had somebody Regraded Unclassified - 5 - 221 who was important in the program, and I'd like it very much, I'd like to see them come to us with something that told us what to do. HMJr: Yeah. D: I - I mean, I'm not saying that - I am not admitting defeat HMJr: Yeah. D: but what I am saying, we have been doing it now for about 18 or 19 weeks HMJr: Yeah. D: and constantly, you know, like beating the sheriff to the program. HMJr: Yeah. D: It's a very luxurious thing to be able to sit back and think what you're going to do. HMJr: Yeah. D: It's another thing to say, "Well, next week is next week." HMJr: Yeah. D: Now, I would like - I mean, what I'd like to eee is somebody analyze the shortcomings of the program in terms of what they want. I think that, for instance, when you say, Bill Murray, I'm delighted; I think we should have Bill Murray. I think we should have everybody. HMJr: Yeah. D: But when you're talking about something more than that, which is a sort of a directing force, which I can be, but which I cannot be all the time, then you're stating the problem. Regraded Unclassified - 6 - 222 HMJr: Well, do I D: I hope I've expressed myself so that you under- stand. HMJr: When will you be back? D: I'll be back in about ten days. HMJr: Well, suppose D: It can wait until then. HMJr: Of course, it can. D: And it's a long pull. Suppose I come to Washington on my return. HMJr: That's what I'd like you to do, and then we could spend an evening together. D: And have an over-all discussion of it. HMJr: That's right. D: And let's also list what we want to do in the future. HMJr: That's right. D: And I think that would be very fine. HMJr: Could I throw out little suggestions like Gertrude Lawrence and having other plays in New York which I think were good? D: Well, I did throw a little wrench in that, because it's a complication of unions and everything. HMJr: Yes. D: And costly. It's very costly to have it wired backstage. Also, we cannot get the indi- vidual player to work with the other people on our program, because they are isolated Regraded Unclassified 223 7 - in a theater. HMJr: Yes. But they are going to try to .... D: We've even now got Gertrude Lawrence now coming to the broadcasts at last. That means she cen talk to Boyer. HMJr: Is she coming? D: 186. HMJr: oh, I thought she was going to do it from the theatre. 2: Well, they decided that it would impractical. They had to move pianos onto the stage. HMJr: Ch, I see. D: And other things like that before the audience starts to come in. AMJr: Oh, I see. Well, that's Just a minor detail. Now, let me ask you and then D: Well, they're all minor. The only objections to it are minor details. HMJr: Yeah, The point is - you're cuite right. It can wait until you come back. If you'll let me know when you come back by Washington, we'll have an evening together. D: Well, that's very nice, and I'll tell you exectly when I'm returning. HMJr: Will you? D: Yes. HMJr: Now the other thing..... D: I only arrived just this minute, 80 I can't be definite. Regraded Unclassified 30 I I 224 HMJr: Well, that's all right. Now the other thing ie, I've out in B. CALL for New York; and then the other thing 18 - - which I've been trying to get - is this - the movie industry haen't given us another good movie on the bonds for a long time. D: That's what I was going to talk to you about. HMJr: And I want something. D: Well, that's - what do you think of teking that McArthur thing and dramatizing it. It could make quite 8 good little short, I think. At least I was going to talk it up with the people here who are our introduction. HMJr: I'm not D: You aren't enthusiastic. HMJr: No, no. I don't think I - my wife can take & play and read it and get something out of it. I can't. D: Yes, I see what you mean. HMJr: I mean, it's a technique which I don't have and I know it. D: Well, actually we're going ahead and making the short. H4Jr: Yes. D: And I'll have something to show you very soon. HMJr: Good. D: That's the best way to do this. HMJr: Well, I'm going to leave it to the industry to give me something else to follow up that other - that picture "America Preferred." D: Good. Okay, well, you'll have something. Regraded Unclassified - 9 - 225 HMJr: And I want something if I can fairly soon. D: You'll have something very soon. HMJr: And that was the purpose of my call. D: That's - all right, fine. And good wishes. HMJr: Thank you. D: Righto. HMJr: Good-bye. D: Good-bye. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 226 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Vincent F. Callahan I have made sure that there will be no duplications of the songs sung by Gertrude Lawrence and Hildegarde. Gertrude Lawrence is singing only one number, "Jenny". Because of the time element, she will be unable to sing the other song you requested. Vincent Calloha Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 226 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Vincent F. Callahan I have made sure that there will be no duplications of the songs sung by Gertrude Lawrence and Hildegarde. Gertrude Lawrence is singing only one number, "Jenny". Because of the time element, she will be unable to sing the other song you requested. Vincent 7 Calloha Regraded Unclassified 227 October 27, 1941 4:35 p.m. HMJr: Hello. Arthur Rubinstein: Mr. Secretary, here is Rubinstein again. HMJr: Yes, Mr. Rubinstein. R: I couldn't telephone you before because you were busy, but I must thank you from all my heart for your enormous kindness. HMJr: Yes. Are you all right? a: Wonderful. HMJr: Good. R: Everything is perfectly well settled, and I'm so much more obliged for my Door banker friend. HNJr: And you can go shead and play now? R: Yes, I think I can again. HMJr: Fine. R: And thank you once more, very, very much; and please count me absolutely 8.8 your - what- ever you like to use me for, for your bonds end anything you want. HMJr: Thank you so much. R: Please count on me, HMJr: Thanks. R: Thank you very much, Mr. Secretary. 4MJr: Good-bye. of Good-bye. Regraded Unclassified 228 October 27, 1941 Dear Frank: This is just to tell you how much we all appreciated your fine talk on our radio program, and also the stirring music of your band. You were more than generous in helping to make our program a success, and all of us are deeply grateful. Sincerely, (Signed) Henry The Honorable, The Secretary of the Havy, Washington, D. C. FK/ogk st. D.M.C. Regraded Unclassified 229 October 27, 1941 My dear Mr. Kern: I was delighted to receive your letter of October 25th and to learn that you are making such good progress. I am anxiously looking forward to re- ceiving the phonographic recording of your song. You might be interested to know that working with musicians like your- self and Oscar liammeratein is one of the few cheerful, encouraging moments in my day. Yours sincerely, (Signed) 1. Bergesthau. is. Mr. Jerome Kern, 917 North Whittier Drive, Beverly hills, California. P. S. I hope you will send the record by air mail express. in in mail n.m.c Regraded Unclassified 230 JEROME KERN 917 North Whittier Drive Beverly Hills, California October 25, 1941 Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury ashington, D. C. Dear Mr. Morgenthau: Your generous wire of the 21st must have Deen the spur and incentive ne needed, for I now Lasten to Poport definite progress, even though Oscar erstein's and my collaboration 1a conducted ovor the lang distance telephone. Rather than to just send you & piano- forte copy with words, Which, 110 atter how cerefully mrked, might easily become the innocent victim of a falso interpretation at your end, I think it better to propare a simple orchestral accompaniment and salce a recording of a good vocalist, conched and researsed by yours truly, and then sand you n. record which you AJ play on any ordinary, household phonograph, and blooding get to good, lucid idea of what no proffer. To this and, I already have SAd D sobsion with Tony Martin, the well-known, 418h17 gifted baritone, who, I an Clad to say, in most onthusisstic over vist 150 have so far accomplished. All being well, we should have D. complete song by Monday, and I alroady have pencilled in a recording date for either Tuesday or Mednes- day next. This means that a record should roach you before the and of noxt week, the mauk of October 27th. All concerned are proud of and [ratoful for the opportunity to serve. Yours sincerely, Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 231 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Vincent F. Callahan We are asking Emanuel Feuermann, a German, who is appearing on "America Preferred", Thursday night, November 6, to speak in both English and German. We will ask artists on succeeding programs to do the same thing. In some instances, the artists have told us that they do not wish to speek et all. I an telling you this because you will realize that these people are volunteers and all we can dois simply make 8 request of them. The change in day for the "America Preferred" program came after our weekly advance sheet had been set up. Such changes occur very often, and it is not possible for us to keep the advance sheet 100 per cent accurate. "Americs Preferred" has been changed from Saturday to Thursday night at the request of Mutual. This came about because of new commercial programs going on Mutual on Saturday night, and there was no room left for "Americs Preferred". Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 232 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION - 2 - DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau Vincent F. Callahan FROM I think that the Thursday night time is much better than Saturday because I believe we will have a much bigger audience. In any event, the change was beyond our control. Deems Taylor will continue to be Master of Ceremonies. Vincent 7. Calloha Regraded Unclassified 233 TREASURY DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON DEFENSE SAVINGS STAFF October 27 1941 Mr. Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury, Washington D. C. Dear Mr. Secretary: Ferdinand Kuhn has informed me that you were kind enough to send B bound copy of my poem, "The Rhyme of the BB-66, n. to President Roosevelt. I cannot tell you how thrilled I am that you thought my slight work worthy of such notice. It has been a privilege to be called upon to do this work, and to receive such recognition 18 en unexcected double recompense. Please accept my sincere gratitude for your kind- ness. Respectfully yours, Hama Herman Wont Wouk HT:HS Regraded Unclassified 234 TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Hass M Employment under the Work Projects Administration in- creased from 1,037,000 to 1,040,000 persons during the week ended October 15, 1941. Attachments Regraded Unclassified 235 WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION Number of Workers Employed - Weekly United States Week ending Number of Workers 1941 (In thousands) March 5 1,806 March 12 1,764 March 19 1,736 March 26 1,708 April 2 1,662 April 9 1,634 April 16 1,607 April 23 1,586 April 30 1,560 May 7 1,519 May 14 1,497 May 21 1,474 May 28 1,464 June 4 1,442 June 11 1,423 June 18 1,410 June 25 1,368 July 2 1,172 July 9 1,030 July 16 1,016 July 23 1,025 July 30 1,036 August 6 1,041 August 13 1,042 August 20 1,043 August 27 1,045 September 3 1,043 September 10 1,037 September 17 1,035 September 24 1,033 October 1 1,032 October 8 1,037 October 15 1,040 Source: Work Projects Administration Regraded Unclassified 235-A WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION Number of Workers Employed - Monthly United States Number of Workers 1939 (In thousands) January 2,986 February 3,043 March 2,980 April 2,751 May 2,600 June 2,551 July 2,200 August 1,842 September 1,790 October 1,902 November 2,024 December 2,152 1940 January 2,266 February 2,324 March 2,288 April 2,092 May 1,926 June 1,665 July 1,701 August 1,691 September 1,704 October 1,779 November 1,821 December 1,878 1941 January 1,895 February 1,867 March 1,708 April 1,560 May 1,464 June 1,368 July 1,036 August 1,045 September 1,033 Source: Work Projects Administration Monthly figures are weekly figures for the latest week of the month. They include certified and noncertified workers. Regraded Unclassified 236 WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION Number of Workers Employed United States Monthly V.P.A. Employment Faskly V.P.A. Deployment 1936 1938 1939 1540 é 1940 (94) 1942 SM. MAY OST SEPT. MIX JAB MI, MAY asce E BILLING WILLIONS MMA of NICLIONS or or mains or MORRING - MORRERS 2.7 2.7 1.2 2.4 2.6 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.8 1.1 2-3 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 .2.0 1,9 1.9 1.8 1.0 7.6 140 1+7 1.7 T.B. 1,6 1-5 1.5 14 has 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 - .8 1-2 1.4 1.1 1.1 ... A 1.0 1.0 .9 .9 D o LE -8 1 M el . M $ . 4 a M . - at - E - . a il MAR. à JULY SEPT. NOT, MAR, MAY 24LY NOV. - MI. was 1946 1837 1938 1539 1940 1941 *42 1540 1541 1942 sourcet MORE PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION - of - Seretary al m Treaty = to e - - - - - Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 237 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION CONFIDENTIAL DATEOctober 27, 1941 to Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Haas 104 Subject: The Buainess Situation, Week ending October 25, 1941. Summary (1) Basic commodity prices last week rallied sharply from the previous week's severe decline, strongly influenced by proposed legislation for loans on basic farm crops at 100 percent of parity, and endorsement by the Secretary of Agriculture of ceilings on farm products at not less than 110 percent of parity. Prices turned somewhat weaker Saturday on reports of Administration opposition to the 100 percent loan and on the Treasury order restricting com- modity speculation with blocked funds. (2) General commodity prices continued to advance in the weer before last (ended October 18), despite the break in orices of farm products. The BLS all-commodity index in that week rose 0.1 point to 91.7, influenced by a 9 percent rise in prices of motor vehicles and by moderate price in- creases in a considerable number of other sub-groups. (3) High prices of farm products have raised the cash income of farmers to $1,325,000,000 in September, or 46 per- cent above the previous September. This increase 15 even greater than the increase in factory payrolls over the same period. The rise in farm incomes is reflected in 5. strong increase in retail sales in rural areas. (4) The FRS index of industrial production for September has been revised downward to 160, which places It at the same level as in July and August. Production during the month was characterized by & greater than seasonal rise in durable goods, offset by less than seasonal gains in nondurable goods and minerals. (5) Factory employment rose further in September, accord- ing to confidential BLS figures. The employment index rose to 134.8 from 132.5 in August, end compares with 111.4 in September last year. Payrolls rose more rapidly. Regraded Unclassified 238 - 2 - Basic commodity prices recover Following the previous week's severe setback, prices of agricultural commodities last week made substantial recover- ies, influenced chiefly by two developments: (1) The endorse- ment by the Secretary of Agriculture on Tuesday of price ceilings on farm products at not less than 110 percent of parity, and (2) the approval by the House Agriculture Committee on Thursday of a bill providing for crop loans at 100 percent of parity on the five basic farm crops, to apply to crops of 1942 and 1943. Recalling the bullish effect of the 85 percent loan legislation on prices of farm products last spring, a heavy buying movement developed in commodity futures, particularly in the grains. The Dow-Jones futures index (see Chart 1) regained fully one-half of its extreme decline from the early- September high. Spot prices of commodities, as measured by Moody's index, showed & less pronounced recovery. The Treasury order prohibiting the use of blocked funds in futures speculation caused considerable selling in cotton- seed oil on Saturday, according to trade reports, and was a factor in downturns in other commodities. A report that the President would veto the 100 percent loan bill, if passed by Congress, was also B. bearish factor. Recent decline largely in agricultural products A breakdown of the BLS index of 28 basic commodities into the two groups, raw industrial materials and foodstuffs, shows the extent to which the recent price decline has been confined to agricultural products and foods. (See Chart 2.) It will be noted that prices of industrial materials have held practically unchanged throughout September and October, while foodstuff prices have declined sharply in the first important reaction since the long upturn began in August 1940. Among the industrial materials, ootton was the only com- modity last week to show a pronounced price rise. (See lower section of Chart 2.) Among the foodstuffs, many of which re- covered from the previous week's decline, cottonseed oil and other oils and fate rose strongly in response to proposed plane for a Government buying and crop loan program to raise the price of cottonseed and its products. Regraded Unclassified 239 - 3 - BAE foresees more commodity speculation in 1942 Commenting upon the extent of recent speculation in agricultural commodities, the Bureau of Agricultural Economics mentions in its October report on demand and prices that speculative buying and withholding of commodities, which "has been an important factor in the demand for farm products in 1941", will probably become even stronger next year if the rise in the general price level continues, as 1e expected. The experience of the World War period is cited, when prices of some commodities were bid up to levels considerably above those which might have been justified by demand and supply conditions, because of "artificial" speculative demand which did not represent the demand of final consumers. The BAE believes that present conditions are such that if prices were left to themselves "there 1a little doubt that prices in general would continue to rise rapidly and reach B. point probably as high as during World War I, if not higher." Farm income 45.9 percent over last September The high level of agricultural prices this year has been a major factor in raising farm income in September to $1,325,000,000, or 45.9 percent over the income in September 1940. (See Chart 3, upper section.) This represents an even greater gain than the increase of 45.4 percent in total factory payrolls for the same period, mentioned below. The rapidly rising incomes of farmers have brought a broad expansion in rural retail sales. (Lower section of Chart 3.) Sales in rural areas in August rose very sharoly to 43 percent over 1940, in response to the same rush of anticipatory buying that characterized department store sales in cities. Rural sales during September rose some- what further but showed less than 8 seasonal gain over the previous month. Rise in industrial production merely seasonal A downward revision of 1 point in the preliminary esti- mate of the FRB index for September reduces it to 160, the same as in July and August. (See Chart 4.) Thus, after allowance for the normal seasonal expansion which carried actual production up to & record high in September, the seasonally adjusted index held unchanged throughout the third quarter. Regraded Unclassified 40 4 A greater than seasonal rise in the production of dura- ble goods in September (see lower section of Chart 4) Just offset less than seasonal gains in the output of nondurable goods and minerals. It will be noted that industries closely associated with the defense program, such as transpor- tation equipment, machinery, etc., showed further gains, while nearly all other groups declined. With aircraft production and shipbuilding activity rising noticeably, an even sharper gain would have been scored by the transportation equipment group if automobile production had not fallen short of the usual seasonal increase. The de- cline in textile output was largely due to a further sharp reduction in silk mill activity, although both cotton and rayon declined moderately. Output of fuels rose slightly less than seasonally, due partly to labor troubles at anthra- cite and bituminous coal mines. Civilian couper use ourtailed Production in non-defense industries will suffer from restrictions imposed by the OPM last week on the use of con- per. The OPM recently estimated that unrestricted demand for copper in 1942 would total 2,400,000 tons, as compared with an estimated supply of only 1,650,000 tons. To reduce this disparity between supply and demand, the OPM has issued an order curtailing the use of copper in non-defense indus- tries. The use of copper, brass or bronze in nearly all civilian goods industries is reduced immediately to 60 or 70 percent of 1940 levels, and its use in more than 100 non- Refense products 18 banned after January 1. Factory employment continues to increase Despite priorities unemployment in various industries, confidential preliminary figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics show that total factory employment continued to increase in September. The index of factory employment rose 2.3 points to 134.8, which compares with 111.4 in September last year, and with only 102.5 in May 1940, at the initiation of the defense program. (See Chart 5, middle line.) The increase from the previous month, however, 1s less than in any of the previous 5 years except 1937. Factory payrolls (solld line on chart) showed B. larger advance than employment, since average weekly earnings per worker have increased because of higher wage rates and longer hours worked. The BLS index of factory payrolls, according to confidential data, rose to 162.3 in September from 157.0 Regraded Unclassified 241 - 5 in August. It shows a. gain of 45.4 percent over September last year, and a gain of 66.0 percent since the initiation of the defense program in May 1940. Department store sales decline further Retail sales by department stores have declined for the second week, following their early October peak, and in the week ended October 18 the reported dollar total was only 6.5 percent higher than sales by the same stores in the correspond- ing week last year. This compares with a gain of 34.8 percent in the first week of the month. In physical volume, the sales were probably less than last year, since retail prices have risen 13 percent, according to the Fairchild retail price index for September. Rise in carloadings bolsters weekly business indexes A rise in freight carloadings to a new peak for the year at 923,000 cars bolstered weekly business indexes in the week ended October 18. Barron's index of business activity rose 1.3 points to 139.5. The New York Times index, never- theless, declined 0.3 point to 126.2, with substantial down- turns in the indexes of automobile, electric power and lumber production, and in cotton mill activity. New orders index lower Our weekly index of new orders for the third week of October dropped back to around recent low levele, owing to declines in orders in all three component groups. (See Chart 6.) Labor troubles haraes steel industry Although steel operations last week were scheduled to show a decline of only 0.6 point to 97.8 percent of capacity, the industry continued to be plagued by sporadic labor troubles. The strike at the Great Lakes Steel Corporation continued until near the end of the week, and out the Iron Age estimate of steel ingot production for the Detroit die- trict to 39 percent of capacity, AB compared with 107.5 per- cent before the strike began. Around the middle of the week, a strike at the coke by-products plant of the Sloss-8heffield Steel and Iron Company in the Birmingham district caused & temporary shut-down of 4 blast furnaces and 2 iron ore mines. In addition, numerous other plants in the area dependent on the steel company for gas also had to close down. Regraded Unclassified - 6 - 242 This week starts with the industry rate scheduled at 99.9 percent of capacity, the highest since July 1, when operating rates were shifted to the high capacity basis. The greatest present threat 1s the strike of 53,000 workers in the "captive" coal mines, which supply one-half or more of the coal used by the steel industry. Trade commentators believe that unless this strike, which was put into effect this morning, 1s settled within the next week, it will force a severe curtailment in steel production. The steel companies affected by the strike are reported to be producing about 80 percent of the steel needed by the defense program. Regraded Unclassified COMMODITY PRIOR INDEXES IN U.S. AND U.E. 243 Chart 1 Weskly (AVERANE If BAILY) Daily 1940 1541 1941 JAB SAF. i JULY SEPT. MDV. JAMI, MAR, MAY -MALY SEPT. - SEPTEMEZ OCTOBER FLR PER ID R PER 13 27 4 22 DENT ni USAT CENT I REVTER, SEXT entry - 254 - 253 a as - 240 & J46 as 246 a 240 90 243 e - FUTURES 2,84 79 240 el is 76 237 a 74 254 222 TV 216 72 251 70 IN e as 77 66 225 16 204 66 222 75 - Del 219 74 IS DOMICION FUTURER 1924 126 = 100 E 216 73 The REUTER'S INDIA in DO 213 12 180 KoT. 10, 1651 - TOO 58 216 F 1/4 - INDIAN is ... 56 207 2 TMI accepts nex IN - -- $1, nor - 100 54 204 as 112 a 201 MI 150 50 1M 67 152 4d 195 66 144 46 192 E 1A6 44 185 $ FOR SEVTER'S INDICE - D.K. C 42 164 Ive Y e 40 153 % a 18 190 i a N° - 23 50 & is R 27 4 = 18 a (**) NAT JULY SEPT. NOV. - - - MPT+ AUGUST LEFTER INSTEMER JAB. 1241 1941 1940 P the - 4. of the of 2 - of - - Regraded Unclassified MOVEMENT OF BASIC COMMODITY PRICES Raw Industrial Materials and Foodstuffs 244 Chart 2 AUGUST 1939-100 PER PER PER PER CENT Weekly Average CENT CENT Daily CENT 170 170 170 170 160 160 165 165 12 Foodstuffs 150 150 160 160 12 Foodstuffs 140 140 155 155 16 Raw Industrial 16 Raw Industrial 130 130 150 150 Materials Materials 120 120 145 145 110 110 140 140 100 100 135 135 A S o N D J F M A M J J A S o N D J F & 13 20 27 4 Il is 25 , a IS 22 29 4 ID 20 17 SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 1940 1941 1942 1941 Percentage Change for Individual Commodities. Aug. 1940 Low to Oct. 17 and to Oct. 24,1941 PER PER CENT 16 Raw Industrial CENT I2 Foodstuffs Materials Tallow 157.1% 150 Shellac 110.3% 150 Burlop 72.9% Cottonseed Oil /40.2% Cotton 71.4% 125 125 Print Cloth 71.2% Rosin 62.3% Lard 96.2% 100 Wides 59.0% 100 Cocoa 95.5% Wool 51.3% Coffee 94.5% Zinc 30.1% 75 75 Lead 22.2% Wheat 66.0% Flaxseed 23.1% Hogs 61.5% 50 Silk 21.0% 50 Barley 56.5% Rubber 16.9% Sugar 341% Copper 11.8% 25 Steel Scrap dom. 8.7% 25 Butter 29.2% Corn 13.0% Tin 3.0% Steers 12.5% o Steel Scrap. exp. 2.7% 0 Aug 1940 Oct. Oct. Aug. 1940 Oct. Oct. 17 24 Low 17 24 Low Source B. LS P-187-36 Offer of the Incretary of - Transary - # - - - Regraded Unclassified FARM INCOME AND RURAL SALES OF GENERAL MERCHANDISE JAN, FEB, MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUS. SEPT. OCT. NOV, DEC. DOLLARS DOLLARS MILLIONS MILLIONS Farm Income INCL. RENTAL AND BENEFIT PAYMENTS 1300 1300 1200 1200 1100 1100 1000 1000 900 900 800 800 1941 700 700 1940 A a 1939 600 me 600 1938 500 500 JAN. FCB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG, SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. PER PER CENT Rural Sales of CENT General Merchandise 1929 - '31 = 100 UNADJ. 220 220 200 200 180 180 160 160 140 140 1941 1940' 120 120 1939 100 100 1938 BO 80 $ JM. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY 8 AUG. SEPT. OCT. BOY. DEC. . DEPT. OF COMMERCE INDICA OF DOLLAR SALES or GENERAL MERCHANDISE IN SMALL TOWNS AND RURAL AREAS Chart Office of the Secretary of the Transury Divises of Reserved 1 C-273-8 Regraded Unclassified FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION 1935-39=100 1939 1940 1941 1942 JFMAMJ J A $ o N D J F M A M J J A S o N D J F M A M J J A 5 o N D J F M. AM J PERCENT PERCENT Seasonally Adjusted 165 165 160 160 155 155 150 150 145 145 140 140 135 135 130 130 125 125 120 120 115 115 110 110 105 105 100 100 95 95 J F M A M J J A S o N D J F M A M J J A s o N D J F M A M J J. A S o N o J F M A M J 1939 1940 1941 1942 Selected Components Aug. and Sept 1941 Compared with 1935-39 Average PER CENT Seasonally Adjusted Transportation Equipment 225 Machinery 200 from and Steel Nonferrous Metals 175 COMBINED INDEX Textiles 150 Stane. Clay and Gloss Chamicals Lumber, etc. Rubber Products Manufactured Foods 125 Fuels Printing and Publishing Leather, atc 100 1935-39 Aug Sept. 100 1941 246 - # - - of - - C-B83-C - el - - - Chart 4 Regraded Unclassified FACTORY EMPLOYMENT, PAYROLLS AND WAGES FIRST 6 MONTHS or 1939 o 100, UNADJUSTED 1939 1940 PER 1941 1942 CENT PER CENT 220 220 200 200 180 180 PAYROLLS) 160 160 140 140 EMPLOYMENT 120 120 100 100 AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS OF FACTORY WORKERS 80 1 J M M J $ N M M J 3 N J M M J 5 N 1939 J M 80 M 1940 J & M 1941 1942 247 CONFIDENTIAL Chart 5 Source: B.L.S. Other el the because at the Premeury Date of - and - C 414 Regraded Unclassified Regraded Unclassified 9 chart 248 a 9 01 - agreeme 01 02 or or or - LOVER or $ $ MM R 8 & of oz a Total escluding disel and Testiles 8 os wh N 06 001 001 011 014 DCI nei ori orr Dai OFF 051 is E 091 OCI and INI E 061 00/ 002 for 001 VOST Total [combind Indext 012 ore are are DEZ DEZ Der one 052 052 098 our are oz our our are 067 THE sime a - o 5 , . . . à F = - - 1 a F a o 1 1951 D 5 T. SEXI Combined Index of New Orders and Selected Components INDEXES OF NEW ORDERS TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION 249 DATE TO Secretary Morgenthau Oct.27.1941 FROM Mr. Foley On Saturday morning Mr. Peul Shorb of Covington, Burling, Cublue, Acheson & Shorb, telephoned Chuck Kades and said ne was trying to ascertain the facts concerning a proposed plan for the issuance of dismissal wage certificates which Shorb under- stood #ás being considered by the Treasury. Shorb said that United Aircraft Corporation had inquired 02 him about the proposed plan, saying that United had been ap- proched by officials of Colt's Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company. Shorb read an extract from a letter stating that a r. "erguson, of Colt's Patent Firearms, had conferred with ... Barnard, who had been receptive though noncommittal. Shorb stated he was particularly interested in learning more nicot the nature of the proposed dismissal wage certificates Mich he understood would be analogous to tax anticipation notes, as well as the legal theory which would permit the purchase price oz such certificates to be deducted as a business expense. lie said that he had inquired of the Bureau of Internal Revenue but that the officials there said they knew nothing about it and he Had been referred to the office of the General Counsel. Kades told him that all ne knew was that there had been some talk of a Colt dismissal wage plan but because Colt had been so vague and indefinite no ruling was under consideration. He told Shorb that no ruling would be given on a purely hypothetical plan. Shorb said he knew it was the Treasury policy only to issue ralings in specific cases but that inasmuch as United Aircraft mated to go ahead, he intended to prepare a plan and submit it to the Bureau for 8. ruling. 9.14.7h Regraded Unclassified V 250 OCT at 1941 MEMORAN DOM FOR THE PRESIDENT: I have your memorandum of October 25th to Nayne Coy, asking that I give clearance on your letter to William S. Knudsen, Director General of the Office of Production Vanage- ment relative to the appointment of a committee to represent OPV in dealing with policy problems surrounding the granting of the tax amortisation privilege. Inasmuch as this 10 & matter of primary concern to the war and Navy Departments and to the Office of Production Management, and since no direct tax question is involved, I interpose no objection to the proposed letter to Vr. Knudsen. You night, however, wish to clear this with the other Departments involved, Mar and Navy. (Signed) 1. Worgenthaw. 22. Octioned n.m.c. by hut have JLS Regraded Unclassified EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 251 WASHINGTON, D.C. October 25, 1941. My dear Mr. Morgenthau: You will note from the attached corres- pondence that the President would like clearance from you prior to signing the letter to Mr. Knudsen, as the matter has to do with taxes. Sincerely, Sidney Sherwood, Acting Liaison Officer. The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury. Regraded Unclassified THE WHITE HOUSE 252 WASHINGTON October 25, 1941. MEMORANDUM FOR WAYNE COY Will you get clearance on this from the Secretary of the Treasury, as it has to do with taxes? F. D. R. Regraded Unclassified EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT WASHINGTON,D.C. October 25, 1941. My dear Mr. Morgenthaus You will note from the attached corres- pondence that the President would like clearance from you prior to a igning the letter to Mr. Knudsen, as the matter has to do with taxes. Sincerely, Sidney Sherwood, Acting Liaison Officer. The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury. Regraded Unclassified THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 25, 1941. MEMORANDU... FOR WAYNE COY Will you get clearance on this from the Sear tary of the Treasury, DE it has to do with taxes? F. D. R. Regraded Unclassified EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT WASHINGTON, D.O. October 23, 1941 MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESIDENT: From: Wayne Coy ter The Congress has just passed a Joint Resolution amending section 124 of the Internal Revenue Code - the tax amortization statute. There has been considerable discussion and disagrement all summer about this matter and the legislation as passed by the Senate does not reflect the agreement reached by the Army, end Navy and me as Secretary of the Advisory Commission. It was finally accepted on the basis of an agreement between me and the service departments that the regulations issued under the Act, with your approval, would recognize the responsibility of the Office of Production Management to examine the tax amortisation work of the service departments in order that the administration of the statute may be in conformity with the Administration's policy and that the Office of Production Management would from time to time assist in the direction of the policy of the service departments and in addition, make recomendations to the Secretary of War and the Secretary of Navy or to the President for changes in regulations as such changes may be necessary. The legislation will be coming to you for your signature Regraded Unclassified - 2 - very shortly and quickly thereafter the regulations will be coming to you for your approval. It is my suggestion that you designate the heade of three divisions of the Office of Production Management to carry out the responsibility of the Office of Production Management with respect to the administration of the tax amortization statute. My suggestions are Mr. Donald M. Nelson, Executive Director, Supply, Priorities and Allocations Board; Mr. Leon Henderson, Director of Civilian Supply, and Mr. Floyd B. Odlum, Director of Contract Distribution, and that Mr. Odlum serve as chairman of this group because of his interest in seeing that there is no unnecessary expansion of facilities without exhausting all of the possibilities of subcontracting and conversion. I think it would be advisable to appoint this committee now 80 that they may work with the War Department and Navy Department in the development of the regulations and in the establishment of the small organization to look after their continuing responsibility with respect to the administration of the statute by the War and Navy Departments. I an attaching herewith for your signature a letter to Mr. Knudsen, ssking him to appoint the committee. I should appreciate having a copy returned to me when you have signed it. Attachment. Regraded Unclassified THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Mr. William S. Knudsen, Director-General, Office of Production Management, Washington, D. C. Dear Bill: In order to give substance to an agreement between the Advisory Commission and the Mar and Navy Departments concerning the general administration of Section 124 of the Internal Revenue code as amended, I wish you to appoint 5. Tax Amortization Committee com- posed of three members, which will be charged with the responsibility that the Office of Production Management shares with the War and Navy Departments in dealing with pollcy problems surrounding the granting of the tax amortization privilege. This committee should be appointed now in order that they may work with the War and Navy Departments in the development of the regulations, as I should like them to pass upon all such regulations prior to my approval. They will also be expected to recommend to the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy, or to the President, necessary changes in regulations. In view of the importance of insuring that there is no unnecessary expansion of facilities without exhausting all of the possibilities of subcontracting and conversion, I should like Mr. Floyd Odlum, Director, Division of Contract Distribution, to serve as Chairman of the committee, with Donalé Nelson, Director, Supply, Priorities and Allocations Board and Leon Menderson, Director, Civilian Supply, serving as co-members. Mr. Cdlum should be authorized to arrange for personnel necessary to carry out the policy determinations of the committee and to maintain lisison with the Departments of War end Navy. Very sincerely yours, Regraded Unclassified Avpropriations, Contryct Authorizations, one Rocompendationa for Dofence Fisori Years 1971 onl 1942 (As of September 27, 1941) Army Havy Other Agencies Total Fiscal year 1941: Appropriations enacted $8,480,613,877 $3,548,748,345 $1,282,171,908 $13,311,534,130 Contract authorizations enacted 5,006,589,651 946,098,112 389,000,000 6,341,687,763 Subtotal 13,487,203,528 4,494,846,457 1,671,171,908 19,653,221,893 Deduct cash included to liquidate 1941 contract authorizations 203,626,456 28,560,000 75,000,000 307,186,456 Net total, 1941 13,283,577.072 4,466,286,457 1,596,171,908 19,346,035,437 Fiscal year 1942: Appropriations enacted 14,645,279,287 5,683,847,907 1,640,332,250 21,969,459,444 Contract authorizations enacted 183,145,695 41,448,894 1,287,000,000 1,511,594,589 Pending before Congress: Appropriations - 120,996,000 16,957,725 137,953,725 Subtotal 14,828,424,982 5,846,292,801 2,944,289,975 23,619,007,758 Deduct cash included to liquidate 1941 contract authorizations 3,357,373,076 615,453,690 235,653.000 4,208,479.766 Net total, 1942 11,471,051,906 5,230,839,111 2,708,636,975 19,410,527,992 Net total, 1941 and 1942 24,754,628,975 9,697,125,568 4,304,808,883 38,756,563,429 Defense Aid Appropriation Act, 1941 7,000,000,000 Additional Defense aid (pending) 5,985,000,000 Appropriations recuired beyond 1942 to complete construction of the ex- panded Havy 8,413,000,000 Total 60,154,563,429 1/ Represents estimate of the Navy Department. Source : Bureau of the Fudget. Regraded Unclassified DIVISION of AID EXPIRES AMALYSIS of APPROPELATIONS, ALLOCATIONS, ONLIGATION. U: 1920 THE INVESTS ATD APPROPRIATION ACT, 1948 AM If an 15. 1941 CONFIDENTIAL 259 AMERT ALLOCATIONS MANATIONS - IF DIRECTATED THIS PRITE TO DATE APPROPRIATIONS 7515 PERIOD - an ALTOCATIONS - must APPROVIATION 515 PERIOD en DATE OFLIGATIONS (Delum ! visa . alima T Address Crime %) 7) (1) (3) Coloma to) ($) (5) 19) (5) (1) (#) (9) (10) nat NAME ASD stores 1,343,008,000.00 as Department 13,560,500.00 $73,140,250.00 7,572,672.50 32,507,554.50 $40,672,695.50 539,440.00 912,690.00 31,594,854.50 DO 142,670,644.00 763,229,761.00 65,307,716.82 632,798,520.02 1,754,101.13 3,918,640.20 126,512,600.78 service Commission 14,020.00 14,000.00 14,500.00 Total 1,343,000,000.00 156.297.148.00 1,036,429,011.00 206,570,987.00 168,938,795.48 071,445,215.52 5,289,541.83 now: ASD ADDITATICAL NATERIAL 2,014,000,000.00 Datey Department 18,359,500.00 6,261,620.32 6,338,085.16 146,220,284.02 + - 4,156,001.10 far Department 7,951,046.00 1,809,967,667.00 102.074.173.95 456.475.186.09 1,351,481,200.91 . Maritize Conclasion. 102,000.00 102,000.00 102,000.00 Treatury Department 1.430,000.00 4,470,000.00 #67.11 1,81,008.25 2,576,370.75 1,853,684.18 Total 2,054,000,000.00 1,997,098,035.00 109,138,761.34 666,705,298.52 1,500,390,736.44 597,937-94 1,193,680.16 - orea VEHICLES 162,000,000.00 23,426,240.00 111,407,080.00 90,960,034.43 115.339.250.00 - = HAP 115.198.250.60 Milline 4,750,000.00 4,750,000.00 4,750,000.00 - - Department 257,170.00 574,175.00 36,994.38 535,230.62 1 16,254.38 - Total 362,000,000.00 115,435,144.98 201.593.110.00 56,000.38 16,094.18 119.99.20.50 19761 AS: - 629,000,000.00 ANY Department TL.926,800.00 122,877,140.00 14,285,460.00 29,416,798.65 91,460,341.35 114,000.00 265,500.00 - 1,150,000.00 501,183,800.00 24,613,922.01 445.405.532.23 55.756.20.17 2,453,600.10 treasury Desartment 450,000.00 13.300.00 43,300.20 406,700.00 41,400.00 Total 529,000,000.00 71,075,500.00 629,488,940.00 5,111,050.00 149.623.309.12 $74,565.46 2.719.100.10 477,146,330.78 MILITART RELINGT 260,000,000.00 50,000.00 12,039,000.00 12,713,001.00 - . Mary Department :- 17,190,520.00 $1,067,383.00 15,319,270.68 75,748,112.32 11.213.100.71 to Department Tymetry Department 3,725,000.00 14,056.79 3,640,945.21 16,054.70 Total 250,000,000.19 in 12,180,630.00 107,031,385.00 152,568,617.00 1,000,000 91.688.057.53 55,726.52 11,097,657.50 AND 152,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 - 78,631,007.00 - - SATY Department 16,630,000.00 100.331.971.00 137,836,759.00 2,509,600-37 2,505,500.97 135.391.186,03 - - 2,500,000.00 far 50,000,000.00 43,781,054.00 6,211,945.00 1,027,118.38 suitize Completico 753,000,000.00 127,131,971.00 264,466,759.00 487,531,211.00 7,505,600.97 46,291,099.37 1,304,339.71 Total 1-2 CONNEDITIES 1,350,000,002.00 £2,000,000.00 67.000,000.00 14,461,079.19 354,197.35 1,910,171.44 22.528.796.47 am imartant 7,401,030.00 9.912.139.00 436,680.00 $36,680.00 3,47e,058.00 -36,680.00 TM Department 1,400,000.181 - - 1,400,000.00 1,400,000.00 196.914.747.00 9,011,741.24 184,06-,569.64 61,177,150.40 Transure Department 18,935,900.00 73,427,900.00 14,302,232.68 31,404,250.63 22.020.349.37 $4,402,550.03 - of Aginiture TWIAL 1,150,000,000.00 63,735,*88.50 344.050.386.00 44,564,012.73 255,424,057.70 e., or APTICLES 111,66.72 €,011,000.00 NO,809,000.00 4,285,235.66 havy 15,307,208.00 far Creams 14,374,224.00 18,863,108.00 3,694,438.25 1,075,499.34 1,811,955.00 13,596,936.00 9,116,548.94 Appllies Commission 2.103,961.74 Total 207,000,000.00 14,713,154.00 73,005,004.00 9,341,424.50 51,579,409.14 3,007,000.16 Le - LO WEAR 40,000,000.00 1,300,000.00 . ! - - - TO L,380,200.00 1,300,000.00 11.601.506.00 - - - vsr 1,427,901.00 11,601,5%.00 - 25A,000,00 - - 264,000.00 264,500.00 254,000.00 - Commission 5,000.00 - - SMALL Department 5,100.00 - 264,000.00 12,906,506.00 - - 254,000.00 Total 40,000,000.70 10.127.901.00 11,170,506.00 254,000.00 ASSOCIATION REPRESE 16,000,000.00 - $25,000.00 , - - 1 - - 529,000.00 $25,000.00 - 3,300,000.00 THE Importment 1,300,000.00 - 5,100,000.00 294,000.00 , - - - 204,000.00 - - 4,754.71 12,941.14 1,539.29 3,903.00 1,800.00 11,327.56 Department - 20,289.00 2,305.00 $50.50 1,147.20 1,107.50 50.5% 1,197.20 - of Agriculture - 7,004.25 25,304.95 124,095.00 1,896.73 3,941.41 21,963.57 Combine Office of the President 25,000.00 150,000.00 5,304,426.00 4,057,143.96 6,106.54 9,082.45 29,147.59 4,614.50 58,430.00 Total 10,000,000.00 3,650,000.00 4,095,574.00 1,609,475.32 2,320,154.56 103.702.541.19 - a REPARTMENTS 7,000,000,000.00 50,460,747.35 105,577,698.75 - Department 132,952,800.00 746.892.758.00 2,454,957,801.08 1,109,000.35 6,000,308.17 4% - 1,177,546,033.00 290,115,064.39 74,882,852.02 2,530,754.23 6,633,958.55 490.525.85.43 - Dominision 9,207,936.10 571,582,736.00 29,974,511.57 11,564,753.64 1,235,345.02 3,567,489.06 11.301.284,54 1 Department 26,077,327.50 206,153,151.00 9,027,746.44 51,803,747.83 27,021,457.17 150.50 1,197.20 51,802,550.63 14,301,083.16 of Agriculture 7,004.35 25,900.58 124,095.02 1,896.71 3,991.91 21,963.57 14,934,900.00 require Office of the Prevident 29,931.00 150,000.00 791,408,161.16 1,392,164,205.50 1,776,990,574.50 0,188,154.17 16,771,082.95 aux TOTAL 7,000,000,000.00 693,747,083.50 4,771,159,923.00 Regraded Unclassified 260 October 27, 1941 Honorable Harry Hopkins The White Rouse Washington, D. C. Dear Harry: I think you will be interested in the attached letter and the accompanying charts which I have sent to Mr. Stettinius, (10-27) and I - mending them to you for your information. Very truly yours, (Stenal) 1. in Secretary of the Treasury only sent more din 1/27/21 CIB:BLB By Memover 7:20 Veech nme. Regraded Unclassified 261 OCT 27 1941 Dear Ed: Following our discussion relative to lend-lease pur- chasing by the Treasury Procurement Division, I had charts pro- pared, which are being sent along with this letter, showing the time taken to make purchases. The charts show a picture of all lend-lease purchases from the inception of the program. The record of all lend-lesse purchases for October 1-22 shows averages of 6.9 days for missellaneous purchases; 5.1 days for metal purchases) and the purchase of agricultural equipment ye- quired less than & day. These are all-over averages and include difficult purchases as well as routine transactions. You will recall that during a conference at my office on September 10, I speke of certain difficulties which the Procure- ment Division was having because of the policy of the Office of Production Management to allocate for but one month whereas the British orders specified quantities for future deliveries over a period of three, six and nine months, or longer. This neces- sarily resulted in 1 substantial volume of "frosen" funds which could not be used for purchases until the Office of Production Management's allocations of materials unre received. It is Ky understanding that this matter is now being straightened out and that you stated at your meeting on October 22 that you would request the Office of Production Management to allocate metals for three-month periods or lenger rather than monthly alless- tions as heretofore. The weekly report of lend-lease activities received by as from the Procurement Division for the period ending October 24 shows the following: Awaiting allocation of funds $40,084,724.75 Requisitions awaiting elear- anee by OPM 17,840,782.98 Requisitions swaiting allow- tioms of material by OPM 28,479,020.00 Total $86,354,527.73 Regraded Unclassified + 262 The first item again raises the question of fund prosedure, which also was discussed at the meeting on September 10, and, I understand, changes were made to expedite it, nevertheless I also understand that the original plan of requiring & PO- quest for funds to cover each Individual requisition is still being followed. I an advised, however, that this matter is now being studied by Mr. McCabe of your organization and it scems to no that the present practice of allotting funds for purchases can be revised to provide a more workable process. You appreciate, I an sure, that the Treasury Procurement Division is purchasing commercial items of a very wide scope and the procedure of requiring the allocation of funds for each requisition must necessarily be involved and is not in line with usual procurement practice. I think that the fund procedure is something you might want to go into personally. Sincerely yours, (Signed) 1. Bergenthan, 29. Secretary of the Treasury. Mr. E. R. Stettinius, Jr., Lend-Lease Administrator, 512 - 22nd St., N. W., Washington, D. C. a Memore 5:15 nime Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 263 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Barnard Attached is latter to Mr. Stettinium which was prepared by Mr. Mack in accordance with our conversation and your instructions this morning. It seems to me satisfactory. CVB Regraded Unclassified 204 AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease. and Date Order Was Placed H Orders 20 Orders 26 Orders 87 Orders 5 Orders 44 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 Monthly Average 12 12 8 B 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 o 4 16 23 10 27 1 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 4 " a 25 I 8 IS 22 29 6 13 20 OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 1941 3. October Purchase Negotiations Completed Prior to Clearance "we - from 2-294 I - Regraded Unclassified 265 AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders No Orders 13 Orders 6 Orders 6 Orders 3 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 Monthly Average 20 20 16 16 12 12 8 8 4 4 Less Than One Day o 0 2 9 16 23 30 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 4 II 8 25 I 8 15 22 29 é 13 20 27 3 OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 1941 Z-297 el IN levrurg if the Transary - el - et - Regraded Unclassified 266 CHEMICAL ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed 5 Orders 5 Orders 34 Orders 17 Orders 9 Orders 8 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders : 1 Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 Monthly Average 20 20 16 16 12 12 B 8 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 o 9 16. 13 30 31 7 14 2) 20 5 12 19 26 2 4 11 a 25 I e is 22 29 é 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 1941 Z-202 of - Treasury - 4 - - Regraded Unclassified 267 MACHINERY ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed 5 Orders 22 Orders 47 Orders 26 Orders 30 Orders 24 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 Monthly Average 20 16 16 12 12 8 0 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 0 2 9 is 23 17 24 11 7 : 21 zo 5 12 19 26 20 4 = 19 25 I - IS 22 29 6 = 02 27 3 OI OCT. NOV. MAY JULY AUG. SEPT. JUNE 1941 2-291 Miss of the Sectery of the Trusay 1 % I I I Regraded Unclassified 268 MISCELLANEOUS ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed 7 Orders 19 Orders 6/ Orders 48 Orders 56 Orders 44 Orders DAYS DAYS a 1 Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 Monthly Average 16 16 12 12 B 8 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 0 % 16 23 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 30 - 11 a 25 I B 15 22 29 6 a 20 27 3 10 17 24 SEPT. OCT. NOV MAY JUNE JULY AUG. 1941 2-296 - e - increase M like Transury - if % - I Regraded Unclassified 269 ALL METAL ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed 23 Orders 7/ Orders 222 Orders 137 Orders 280 Orders 139 Orders DAYS DAYS 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 Monthly Average 12 12 8 6 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 0 26 2 9 16 23 so 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 4 Il - 25 I a 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 1 OCT. NOV. AUG. SEPT. MAY JUNE JULY 1941 Z-283 - all the et the Transmary 1 I [ % T Regraded Unclassified 270 CARBON STEEL ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders 28 Orders 55 Orders 55 Orders 145 Orders 25 Orders DAYS DAYS 1 Bars are Averages of All Orders : = Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 Monthly Average B 8 4 4. Less Than One Day 0 16 23 10 0 31 7 14 21 20 5 12 19 26 2 9 4. 0 18 zs I IS 22 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 - 29 6 SEPT. OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. 1941 2-295 % N havey e - Treasury el Preva et Regraded Unclassified 271 ALLOY STEEL ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders 2 Orders 54 Orders 18 Orders 43 Orders a Orders DAYS DAYS : 1 2 Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 Monthly Average 12 12 B 8 4 4 Less Than One Day o R 16 23 30 0 Is 21 28 in 12 19 as 2 4 II ID 25 I a 15 22 29 & 13 20 27 3 ID 17 24 31 7 OCT. NOV. JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. MAY 1941 2-293 - of TM Secreary - Teasuary - - - and Value Regraded Unclassified 272 MISCELLANEOUS STEEL AND STEEL PRODUCT ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed 7 Orders 10 Orders 7 Orders 18 Orders 25 Orders No Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 , 32 32 26 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 Monthly Average 12 12 8 8 4 4 Less Than One Doy o o 4 " : 25 16 23 I a 15 22. 29 á 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 34 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 , 30 MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. 1941 Mill el the Secretary of the Treasury - of - - I 2-284 273 STEEL SCRAP ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease. and Date Order Was Placed 5 Orders 5 Orders 2 Orders No Orders No Orders No Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 B 8 Monthly Average 4 4 Less Than One Day o 2 9 16 23 30 D 7 14 21 20 5 12 19 26 a II -8 25 I e IS 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 iD 17 24 31 JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE 1941 2-289 THE if - Treasury - el - - - Regraded Unclassified 274 TIN PLATE ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders 3 Orders 16 Orders 14 Orders 24 Orders 90 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 Monthly Average 20 20 16 16 12 12 8 8 4 4 Less Than One Day o 0 2 . 16 23 10 17 24 31 7 is 21 20 5 12 19 & 30 4 = in 25 - 8 15 22 29 6 a 20 27 3 MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. 1941 * October Purchase Negotiations Completed Prior to Clearance Z-286 Zip # in Services of the Insury 1 = J I 1 Regraded Unclassified 275 DROP FORGING ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease. and Date Order Was Placed No Orders No Orders 62 Orders 17 Orders 18 Orders 3 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 Monthly Average 20 20 16 16 12 12 8 8 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 0 9 Is 23 30 3 10 17 24 3f 7 In 21 ze 5 12 19 IF 2 4 11 a 25 I a IS 22 29 6 13 20 27 MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. 1941 - é the leases et the Trusen Z-265 1 = 1 I 1 Regraded Unclassified 276 ZINC ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed // Orders 6 Orders // Orders 12 Orders 15 Orders 15 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 Monthly Average B 8 4 4 Lass Than One Day o 0 9 16 23 20 17 24 31 7 I 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 4 " a 25 - 8 IS 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 1941 1 of the Secretary el the Treasury Z-200 - of - el I Regraded Unclassified 277 COPPER ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders 5 Orders 3 Orders 2 Orders / Order 2 Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 Monthly Average 8 8 4 4 Less Thon One Day o 2 9 16 23 30 o 31 7 = 21 28 5 12 19 25 4 Il IB 25 ( a is 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 OCT. NOV. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 1941 2-281 Pie el the Security at the Truney lines and Regraded Unclassified 278 LEAD ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders / Order / Order No Orders No Orders No Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 8 B Monthly Average 4 4 Less Than One Day o 0 2 9 16 21 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 30 + " IB 25 - 6 15 22 29 6 a 20 27 3 10 17 24 OCT. NOV. MAY JULY AUG. SEPT. JUNE 1941 Z-207 TY or Honey 2 - buy - - e Prize Regraded Unclassified 279 MISCELLANEOUS METAL ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders 10 Orders 8 Orders / Order DAYS 9 Orders / Order DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders : 36 Placed on the Same Day 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 Monthly Average 20 16 16 12 12 8 8 4 4 Less Than One Day 0 0 4. Il IS 25 16 23 - 8. 15 22 29 & D 20 27 3 a 17 24 31 7 I 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 30 MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. 1941 - et The Servey of N Tramary - el - - 2-292 280 PIG IRON ORDERS EFFECTED BY THE PROCUREMENT DIVISION MAY I TO DATE Days Elapsed Between Date of Clearance by OPM and Lend-Lease, and Date Order Was Placed No Orders / Order 3 Orders No Orders No Orders No Orders DAYS DAYS Bars are Averages of All Orders Placed on the Same Day 36 36 32 32 28 28 24 24 20 20 16 16 12 12 8 8 4 4 Monthly Average Less Than One Day o 0 2 9 is 23 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 30 4 II 25 I 8 15 22 29 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 16 6 OCT. NOV. MAY JULY AUG. SEPT. JUNE 1941 2-290 - # the et We Trumpy - el - - - Regraded Unclassified 281 October 27, 1941 MEMORANDUM To: Secretary Morgenthau From: Messrs. Foley and Pehle At the opening of business on Monday, October 27, 1941 there were 2440 pending applications in the Foreign Funds Control. JWhale 9.11.70lmg 2 Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 282 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION Channess DATE October 27. 1941. TO Secretary Worgenthau FROM Mr. Bell "200B STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Official sales of British-owned dollar securities under the vesting order effective February 19, 1940: $ Proceeds of $ Proceeds of Shares Sold Bonds Sold Total Oct. 20 22.707 1,000 23,707 21 48,613 2,887 51,500 22 9.376 - 9.376 23 13,326 - 13,326 24 6,767 48,991 55.758 25 3,354 - 3.354 104,143 52,878 157,021 Sales from Feb.22,1940 to 280,809,659 37,217,194 318,026,853 Oct,18,1941. Total Feb,22,1940 to 280,913,802 37,270,072 318,183.874 318,183.874 Oct.25,1941. $ proceeds of non-vested securities sold Oct. 13, 1941 to Oct. 18, 1941. 300,000 $ proceeds of non-voated securities sold Sept. 1, 1939 to Oct. 11, 1941. 235,500,000 $ proceeds of non-vested securities sold Sept. 1, 1939 to Oct, 18, 1941. 235,800,000 235,800,000 GRAND TOTAL 553,983,874 9 Units sold from Aug. 18, 1941 to Oct.25,1941 for $42 11 Shares Stock Dividend sold from Aug.18,1941 to Oct.25,1941 for $123 55.772 Rights sold from July 24,1941 to Oct,25,1941 $102,853 Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 283 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION For Miss Chauncey DATE October 27. 1941 Secretary Morgenthau TO FROM Mr. Bell End STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Official sales of British-owned dollar securities under the vesting order effective February 19, 1940: No. of Shares $ Proceeds of Nominal Value $ Proceeds of Sold Shares Sold of Bonds Sold Bonds Sold Oct. 20 789 22,707 1,000 1,000 21 1,410 48,613 5,000 2,887 22 430 9.376 Nil Nil 23 400 13,326 Nil Nil 24 200 6.767 52,000 48,991 25 40 3,354 Nil Nil 3,269 104,143 58,000 52,878 Sales from Feb.22,1940 to Oct.18,1941 9,818,832-1/2 280,809,659 45,320,016 37,217,194 Total Feb.22,1940 to Oct.25,1941 9,822,101-1/2 280,913,802 45,378,016 37,270,072 Regraded Unclassified 284 BRITISH AIR COMMISSION 1785 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE WASHINGTON, D. c. TELEPHONE HOBART 9000 PLEASE QUOTE REFERENCE NO With the compliments of British Air Commission, who enclose Sta tement No. 3, covering aircraft shipped, for week ended October 21, 1941 The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury Washington, D. C. October 27, 1941 Regraded Unclassified 285 STATEMENT NO, 3. AIRCRAFT DESPATCHED FROM THE UNITED STATES. WEEK ENDED OCTOBER 21, 1941 TYPE DESTINATION ASSEMBLY POINT BY SEA BY AIR FLIGHT DELIVERED FOR USE IN CANADA BLL Airacobra U. K. U. K. 5 -- : DEING Boston III U. K. U, K. 1 : -- ESSNA Canada ---- -- -- 19 T-50 NSOLIDATED Catalina Australia "elbourne : 1 : Liberator II U. K. U. K. -- 9 -- TRTISS Kittyhawk Middle East Port Sudan 30 : -- -- 9 Canada ---- OUGLAS 10 - -- Poston III U. K. U. K. 6 -- Middle East Port Suden : OCKHEED -- 1 - Hudson V Canada ---- LENN MARTIN Baltimore Middle East Port Sudan 3 -- DRTH AMERICAN Karachi 4 -- : Barvard II Bombay 4 -- : Middle East Port Sudan - Durban 30 - S. Africa 6 -- -- Mustang U. K. U. K* 99 10 29 TOTAL E -tish Air Commission, October 27, 1941, Regraded Unclassified D THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 286 D.C. needs Washington, rice unsuring 1/24/20 October 27, 1941 My dear Henry: Please find enclosed a copy of an Executive Order issued by the President on October 25, creating a new agency, to be known as the Office of Facts and Figures, operating under the direction of the Presi- dent. The President has honored me by naming me the Director of the new agency, and I am hopeful of beginning operation immediately. I am writing you this letter, therefore, to ask for your cooperation and the cooperation of your department in achieving the President's objective, as expressed in his Executive Order. I realize the Office of Facts and Figures cannot be successful without the complete assistance and constant advice of all agencies of the government dealing with the defense program and defense policies. The President's Executive Order expresses very clearly the purpose and authority of the Office of Facts and Figures. I should like, However, to emphasize five points: 1. The strength of a democracy lies in the knowledge and under- standing of its people. Unlike the government of a totali- tarian state, we can take the people into the confidence of the government, and explain the whys and wherefores. The fundamental purpose of the creation of an Office of Facts and Figures is to help to make available to the average citi- zen a maximum of information on the defense program and policies, consistent with the public interest. I am sure no one can quarrel with this objective. 2. The requirements of the Office of Facts and Figures are ex- tremely simple. The operation of the Office will be almost completely within the government. It will not duplicate nor supercede any existing information facility. It will not alter the present relationship between newspaper and radio representatives and the various departments and agencies. The Office of Facts and Figures will clarify, end we hope make more effective, the efforts of agencies already in the field. The job is one of coordination, not of control or regulation. Regraded Unclassified 287 - 2 - 3. In order to perform its duties, the Office will, of course, depend upon information supplied by the various departments and agencies. In turn the Office will make suggestions under the direction of the President, as provided in the Executive Order, to the various departments end agencies. 4. The details of the organization of the Office and the methods by which it will maintain liaison with other departments and agencies have not yet been worked out. As soon as a pro- cedure can be proposed, I should like to discuss it with you and to receive your suggestions and advice. 5. The Office of Facts and Figures will not use bally-hoo methods. We will deal with information in the absolute literal sense of the word - i.e., accurate facts and figures. It is the duty of the Office to help this information to flow freely and rapidly through the natural channels of the government, and I can promise that the facts and figures will be neither perverted nor colored. The Office of Facts and Figures, which 1a an independent agency operating under the President, is an outgrowth of the plan which Civilian Defense Director F. H. LaGuardia submitted to you in a memorandum under date of August 14. Mr. LaGuardia has been of invaluable help and is largely responsible for the final plan that the President evolved and which is con- tained in the Executive Order. I shall not attempt in this letter to spell out to you in greater detail the functioning of the Office of Facts and Figures. My only purpose now is to give you a broad outline of my thinking and to ask whether it will be convenient for you to discuss this entire matter with me at some time in the near future. If your secretary will be good enough to suggest to my office in the Library of Congress an hour which will be convenient for you, I shall make every effort to make my convenience meet yours. Faithfully yours, durine moduli Archibald MacLeish Director, Office of Facts and Figures The Honorable Henry Morgenthau Secretary of the Treasury Washington, D. C. Regraded Unclassified 288 HOLD FOR RELEASE HOLD FOR RELEASE HOLD FOR RELEASE OCTOBER 27, 1941 CAUTION: The rolloving dédress of the President, to be delivered at the Airmer to be hold nt the Mayflover Hotal in colebration of "Navy Total Defense Dey", WGT EM HEID IN STRICT CONFIDENCE UNTIL REIFASED, 2054 NOTE: Release to editions of all newspapers appearing on the otrooto not cerlier than 10:00 P.M., E.S.T., October 27, 1941. The same release of the text of the address also applies to radio an- noumers and nows commentators. CARE MUST BE EXERCISED TO PREVENT PREMATURE PUBLICATION, STEPHEN EARLY Secretary to the President Five months ago tonight I proclaimed to the American people the existence of a state of unlimited emergency, Stnce then much has happened. Our Army and Navy are tompo- rarily in Iceland in the defense of the Western Homisphere. Hitler has attacked shipping in areas closs to the Americas in the North and South Atlantic, Many American-owned merchant ships have been sunk on the high BOAS, One American destroyer wee attacked on September fourth. Another destroyer vas attacked and hit on October asventeenth, Eleven brave end loyal men of our Havy vere killed by the Nazia. Wo have vished to avoid shooting. But the shooting has started. And history has recorded who fired the first shot. In the long run, however, all that vill metter 18 who fired the last shot. America has been attacked. The U.S.S. Esarny is not just 5 navy ship. She belongs to every can, woman and child in this nation. Illinois, Alabama, California, North Carolina, Ohio, tou- istana, Texas, Pennaylvania, Georgia, Arkansas, New York, Virginia those are the home guates of the honored dead and wounded of the Kearny, Hitler's torpedo was directed at every American, whether he lives on our 808 coasts or in the innormost part of the nation, far from the seas and far from the 5:210 and tanks of the marching hordes of would-be conquerors of the world. The purpose of Eitler's attack was to frighten the American This 1s not the first time he has misjudged the American apirit. That people off the high seas - to force us to maice a trembling retreat, spirit is now arouned. If our national policy were to be dominated by the fear of shooting, then all of our ships and those of our sister Republice would have to be tied up in home harbore, Our Navy would have to re- main respectfully -- abjectly -- behind any line which Hitler might decree on any ocean as his OVD dictated version of his own war zone, We reject it because of our own sclf=interent, because of cur own golf- Naturally vo reject that abourd and insulting suggestion. respect, because, most of all, of our own good faith. Freedom of the BORD 10 now, 68 it has always been, B fun/lamental policy of your government and rine. Ritler has often protested that his plans for conquest do not extend across the Atlantic Ocean. But his submerines and raiders prove otherwise, do doca the entire doolgn of his nov Regraded verlá order. Unclassified - 2 - 289 For example, I have in my possession a secret nap made in Germany by Hitler's government by the planners of the new world order. It is e map of South America and 8 part of Central America, as Hitler proposes to reorgenize 1t. Today in this area there are fourteen separate countries. The geographical experts of Berlin, however, have ruthlessly obliterated all existing bound- ary lines; and have divided South America into five vassal states, bringing the whole continent under their domination, And they have also 80 arranged it that the territory of one of these now puppet states includes the Republic of Panama and our great life line - the Panama Canal. That 1a his plan. It will never go into effect. This map makes clear the Nazi design not only against South America but against the United States itself. Your government has in its possession enother document made in Germany by Hitler's government. It 18 = detailed plan, which, for obvious reasons, the Nazia did not wish and do not vish to publicize just yes, but which they are ready to impose -- a little later -- on & dominated world -- 11 Titler vine. It la n. plan to abolish all existing religions -- Protestant, Catholic, Mohammedan, Hindu, Buddhist and Jewish alike. The proporty of all churches will be meized by the Reich and ita puppets. The cross and all other symbols of religion are to be Forbidden. The clargy are to be forever silenced under penalty of the concentration camps, where even now 60 many fearless men are being tortured because they have placed God above Hitler. In the place of the churches of our civilization, there 18 to be set up an International Nazi Church -- #: church which vill be served by crators sent out by the Nazi Government, In the place of the Bible, the words of Moin Kampf will be imposed end enforced BB Holy Weil. And in place of the cross of Christ will be put two sym- bole -- the awastika and the naked aword. A God of Blood and Iron will take the place of the God. of Love and Mercy. Ist us well ponder that statement which I have unde tonight, These grim truths which I have told you of the present and future plans of Hitlerism will of course be hotly dended tonight and tomorrow in the controlled press and radio of the Axle Powere. And acme Americana - not may -- will continue to insiet that Litler's plans need not vorry us -- and that we should not concern ourselves with anything that goos on beyond rifle shot of our own shores. The protestations of these American citizens -- few in number vill, as usual, be paraded with applause through the Arto press and radio during the next fev days, in an effort to convince the world that the majority of Americans are opposed to their duly chosen Government, and in reality are only waiting to jump on Hitler's band vagon when it comes this way. The motive of such Americans 1a not the point at issue, The fact 1e that Nazi propaganda continues in desperation to seize upon such isolated statements as proof of American disunity. The Nagis have made up their own list of modern American heroes. It is, fortunately, 8. short list. I am glad that It does not contain my name. All of us Americans, of all opinions, are faced with the choice between the kind of world vo want to live in and the kind of world which Hitler and his hordes would impose upon us. Name of us vants to burrow under the ground and live in total darkness Like 8 comfortable nole. Regraded Unclassified 5 230 The forward march of Ritler and at Hitleric can be stopped -- and It vill be stopped. Very simply end very Muntly -- we are piedged to pull our own cer in the destruction of Hitlerian. And when ve have helped to end the curse of Hitlerie: we shall help to establish a nov peace which vill give to decent people everywhere 8 better chance to live and prosper in security and in freedom and in faith. Each day that passes we are producing and providing more and more arms for the non who are fighting on actual battle-fronts. That in our primary tack. And it ie the nation's vill that these vital erns end supplies of all kinds shall neither be looked up in American harbore nor sent to the bottom of the con. It 10 the nation's will that America shall deliver the gooda. In open defiance of that vill, our ships have been sunk and our mailore have been Filled. I say that ve do not propose to take this Lying down, Our determination not to take it lying down has been 000- pressed in the orders to the American Navy to ahoot on sight. Those orders stand. Furthermore, the Houms of Representatives has already voted to apend part of the Neutrality Act of 1937, today outmoded by force of violent circumstances, The Sonate Committee on Foreign Relations has also recommended elimination of other hunstringing provisions in that Act. That 1e the course of honsety end of realism. Our American merchant ships must be armad to defend them- selves against the rettlesnakes of the Bea. Our American merchant shipo must be from to carry our American goode into the harbora of our friends. Our American merchant shipe must be protected by our American Navy. It can never be doubted the the goods will be dolivered by this nation, whose Navy believes in the tralltion of "Dean the torpedoes; full speed ahead!" Yes, our nation will und must speak from every assembly line. You, from every coal mine -- the all-inclusive whole of our vast indus- trial rachino. Our factories end our shipyards are constantly expend- Ing. Our output must be multiplied. It cannot be hempered by the selfish obstruction of any small but dangerous minority of industrial managers who perhaps hold out for artra profits, or for "business B.B. usual". It cernot be hempered by the selfiah obstruction of & small but dangerous minority of labor lenders who are E. menace -- for labor BE E. whole love that that small minority is B. menace -- to the true cause of labor 18001f, as well BE to the nation AS a whole. The lines of our essential defense now cover all the вела; and to meet the extraordinary domands of today and tomorrow our Havy units of 1t in the Atlantic patrol are in action. Its officere end grows to unprecedented size, Our Navy is ready for action. Indeed, men need DO preice from no, Our new Army 16 steadily developing the strength needed to withitand the aggressors. Our soldiers of today are worthy of the proudent traditions of the United States Army. But traditions cannot and shoot down dive bombers or destroy tanks, That is why ve must not morely 0.0 good but better than that of any other army on earth, chall provide, for every one of our soldiers, equipment and vespons And V6 are doing that right now. Regraded Unclassified 291 For this - and all of this -- 16 What ve nean by total national defense. The first objective of that defense in to stop Nitler. Re can be stopped end can be compelled to dig in. And that will be the beginning of the end of his downfall, because dictatorship of the Hitler conquasts, type can live only through continuing victories -- increasing The facte of 1918 are proof that B nighty German army and a tired Gorman people can crumble rapidly and go to pieces when they ATO faced with successful resistance, Lobody who admiree qualities of courage and endurence on rail to be stirred by the full-fledged recistance of the Russian people, The Russiana are fighting for their own soil and their own homes, Russie needa all kinds of help -- planes, tanks, sums, mad- ical supplies and other aids -- toward the successful defense against the invadore, From the United States and from Britain, ahe 1e getting great quantities of those eccential supplies. But the needa of her huge army vill continue -- and our help and British halp will have to continue! The other day the Secretary of State of the United States vas asked by a Senator to justify our giving aid to Ruasia, His reply veg: "The answer to that, Senator, depends on howardous = person 1s to stop end destroy the march of Eitler to his conquest of the world, If he were ancious enough to defeat Hitler, he vould not varry about who was helping to defeat him". Upon our American production falls the colossal taak of squipping our own armed forces, and helping to supply The British, the Russians end the Chinese. In the performance of that task ve dare not fail. And ve will not fail. It ans not been easy for us Americans to adjust ourselves to the chocking realities of a world in which the principles of com- mon humanity end common decency are being moved down by the firing equada of The Gestapo, We have enjoyed many of God's blessings. We have lived in E. broad and abundant land, and by our Industry and productivity ve have made it flourish. There are those who any that our great good fortune has be- trayed us -- that we are now no match for the regimented masses who have been trained in the Spartan ways of ruthless brutality. They say that we have grown Set, and flabby, and lazy -- and that vo ere documed. But thone who say that incw nothing of Americe or of American life, They do not know that this land 18 grost because it in a land of endless challenge. Our country was first populated, and it has boon steadily developed, by non and wash in whom there burned the spirit of adventure and restlessness and individual independence which will not tolorate oppression. Ours has boon e. story of vigorous challenges which have been accepted and overooms -- challenges of unchhursed seas, of wild foresta and decort plains, of raging floods end withering drought, of foreign tyrants and domestic strifo, of ataggering problems -- social, economic and physical; and WO have come out of then the most powerful nation -- and the freest -- in all of history. Today in the face of this nevest and greatest challenge of them all ve Americans have cleared our decks and taken our battle etc- tions. We stand ready in the defense of our nation end the faith of our fathers to do what God has given us the power to 366 se our full duty. Regraded Unclassified 292 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON PERSONAL October 27, 1941. Dear Mr. Secretary: You may wish to add the enclosed to your file on "Why the British Can't Lose". It would be amusing, if it weren't for the fact that Owen Lattimore, our political adviser to Chiang Kai-shek, tells me that the British Ambassador 1a assiduously trying to build up Niemeyer and run down Fox, end Lattimore is putting in his licks for Fox. Sincerely, Land Card Lauchlin Currie Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury, Washington, D. C. Regraded Unclassified 233 CHINESE NEWS SERVICE 1250 6TH AVENUE NEW YORK, N. Y, Phone: Clicle 6.5215 Cable Address: SINONEWS New York, October 81, 1941 VOICE OF CHINA (China Cove by Shortwave Radio) Sconomic VIENEYER, COCHR/UE IN CHUNGKING SAY MISSION SYMBOLIZES AID-CHINA POLICY CHUNGKING, Oct. 18 (CNS) The arrival of the long-awaited Auglo- merican Financial and Economic lission to China has been in the last two days nil avent which has held the attention of official circles and the people WILKO. It in the expressed feeling of beth the visiting exports and their heat that 15 the work of the mission a further stop will have boon Accom- plashed in Chineno-British-Amorioan economic co-oporation as woll M in strengthoning the world democratic front in general. Apply Anglo-Lmarioun Exporioneo In an intorview granted the Chinceo and foreign prode yesherday Str Otto Miamoyer, head of the visiting mission and is Director of the Bank of Sn:- land, mádo the following statement: "Our mission is puruly in an advisory capacity. We hope to upoly the experience wo have loarned in Europo und olsowhere to your problems. I MEVE been sont from the other side of the world to 1 moment then my country 12 deoply eng.ged in war and has 123 OWEL difficulties. My in Chung Xing is L symbol of the very roal to line that La in my coustry Cor U.LE country. No hope to contribute whocher vo can to the Chiruso account in e docire to promoto those onds. The presched of Xr. Cochrane ni.d bys-If If in is line with the policy of both our cour trice to namist ONLY. Mr. H. Morlo Cochrano, Tuchnion] Assistant to the Joitod St:,10c Sucrytary of the Treasury tr.4 a number of the mission, told the prote that he is Mapy to work with Sir Octo Kicmayer edjo has recontly hand is qualifies and the /ad had witched for himself how the Andrican Government in pushine with 1% "Ma Donocracy" policy. To Solve Currency Problems Sir Otto doclared that the St.bilization Fund for Chicago curromary British export said, is to holp in giving them. This stubilisation States is any ono phase of the problems of foreign oxchange. Our cale object, fund the has not is also new. "But the instruments are there," ho scid, St.b1- if boon working very Long, to Sir otto, und the United " wo Probaing osn holp system you." He added that the Currency lization Board still has ample Pundo. plano from Hong Kong on Thursday morning (Dot. 16). The party Government. The Angle-Amoricon Financial-Pect.com Mission crrived in included, Changking Mr. Penuel Fox, American penble of the Curroncy Stabilization they are by bosides Sir Otto und life Coohraso, Mr. Jenus Baxter of the Burna Bourd, ru- rived turned to Oct. 9, Sir Ottc and Mr. Coohrene conforred with British serbers Colonge no Chungking on the serio planow mills in Hong Kong, where of the Currency at the discussions concurned stabilization reablem. or, Stabilization Board who vore at that tino in the of the Chinged Quoations dollar raised the control of frozon assets LA woll us other aconomic - and that the mission would spond most of its two welling 11th Sir Otto revocled Meady the numbers here began e suries of consultations Original authorities. Octobur 21, 1241 Regraded Unclassified EXPORTS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SCRAP IRON AND SCRAP STEEL FROM THE UNITED STATES TO JAPAN, RUSSIA. SPAIN, AND GREAT BRITAIN AS SHOWN BY DEPARTURE PERMITS GRANTED 294 Week ended October 25. 1941 : JAPAN : : RUSSIA : 1 SPAIN : : GREAT BRITAIN : BOLEUM PRODUCTS uel and Gae 011 (including Mesel 011) I 7.000 Bola. I 508,223 Bble. rude - Blended or California High Octane Crude* : I -- I All Other Crude I I -- I asoline - Gasoline A** 1 43.286 Bbls. I 296,100 Bbls. Gasoline B* : I 66,000 Bbls. 270,800 Bble. All Other Gasoline I I I 95,000 Bbls. ibricating 011 - aviation Lubricating 011*** - I I 11,352 Bbls. All Other Lubricating 011 1 719 Bbls. - : streethyl Lead*** - : - I Sopaters". such as Iso- Octane, Iso-Hexane, or Iso-Pentane - I I 327 Bble. P IRON AND SCRAP STEEL mber 1 Heavy Melting Scrap -- : - - 1 Other Scrap - I - 1 ce of the Secretary of the Treasury, Division of Research and Statistics. October 27. 1941. ce: Office of Merchant Ship Control, Treasury Department. Any material from which by commercial distillation there can be separated more than 3 percent of aviation motor fuel, hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon sixture - President's regulations of July 26, 1940. Aviation Gasoline. As defined in the President's regulations of July 26. 1940. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 295 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1041. Secretary Morgenthau TO Mr. White FROM Subject: Exports to Russia, Chine, Burna, Japan, France and other blocked countries, AF reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 19-1. Exports to Russie Sxport= to Russin 08 reported to the Treasury during the week with October 18, 1941 amounted to only $1,924,000 98 compared "1th 30, 300 the previous week. Aviation pasoline and ant1-knock commounds accounted for more than 80 per cent of the total exports. see Appendix C.) 2, Smorts to China And surma Exporte to Free China as reported during the week under review Taclined even more sharoly than exports to Russia, acounting to only 35,000, Exports to Occupied China Also declined, but considerably the amount to Free China. (See Appendices D end E.) During the weer endine October 1% 1941, exports to Burma smounted to only $35,000. Petroleum well-drilling anneratus was the chief item. A large percentage of exports to Burde Are pre- Decause of their consignees, to be for reexport to Free Chine. isem Annendix F.) Exports to Janen No exports to Janan were reported during the week ending Detober 18, 1941. Of course, Japan T.e.y very well be the ultimate Restination of much of the goods exported to Occupied Chine. Exports to France No exports to France - occupied and unoccupied - were reported during the week ending October 18, 1941. 5. Exports to other blocked countries exports to other blocked countries are given in Annendix A. Regraded Unclassified 296 SUMMARY OF UNITED STATES DINESTIC EXPORTS TO SELECTED COUNTRIES AS REPORTED TO THE TREASURY DEPART ENT FROM EXPORT DECLARATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE PENIOD INDIATED 1/ July 28 to October 25, 1941 (In thousands of dollars) July 28 to Week ended Week ended Total Oct, 11 October 18 October 25 Domestic Exports is 2. S. L. $29,220 $ 1,924 , 5,623 $36,767 Dominied China 8,521 267 396 9,184 Proo India 11,545 5 269 11,819 depen 2/ 1,864 S/ - 1,864 vurva 3/ 3,407 35 403 3,845 >rance 4' 6 I 5/ 6 Tree Trance als - 1 ah Insta 1,572 6 31 1,669 Smitzerland 3,483 20 5 4,508 Proden 6,702 79 108 6,889 French Indochina 249 4 50 303 Treasury Department, Division of Honetary Research October 30, 1941 Vany of the export declarations are received with a lag of several days or more. Therefore this compilation does not accurately represent the actual aligments of e particular week. The longer the period covered the closer will these figures come to Department of Commerce revised figures. July 28 - August 23, 1941 - exports thoreafter less than 8500. All this material was shipped prior to freezing orders. 21 September 11 - October 25, 1941 - it is presumed that a large percentage 0" material listed here, consigned to Burma, is destined for Free China. Includes both occupied and Tree France through week ending October 4, 19/1. Less than $500. Regraded Unclassified Appendix B Exports from the U. 8. to China, Burma, Japan and U.S.S.R. as reported to the Treasury Department, July 28, 1941 -- October 18, 1941 462 (Thousands of dollars) Exports to China Total To Japanese To Chinese Exports Exports Exports controlled controlled to to to ports ports Burma 3/ Japan U.S.S.R. July 28 - Aug. 2 937 542 395 1,657 4,523 Aug. 4 - Aug. 9 2,794 2,794 : 159 551 Aug. 11 - Aug. 16 1,278 969 309 42 986 Aug. 18 - Aug. 23 1,352 1,350 2 6 2,735 Aug. 25 - Aug. 30 736 735 1 ... 1,023 Sept. 2 - Sept. 6 897 693 204 4,280 Bept. 8 - Sept.13 3,038 757 2,281 5,217 Sept.15 - Sept.20 3,978 156 3,822 1 752 Sept.22 - Sept.27 462 352 110 449 2,333 Sept.29 - Oct. 4 1,305 80 1,225 684 --- 323 Oct. 6 - Oct. 11 5,864 552 5,312 1,157 --- 6,845 Oct. 13 - Oct. 18 272 267 5 35 --- 1,924 Total 22,913 9,247 13,666 2,325 1,864 31,492 These figures are in part taken from copies of shipping manifests. 2/ Figures for exports to Free China during these weeks include exports to Rangoon which are presumed to be destined for Free China. 3/ It 10 presumed that a large percentage of exports to Burms are destined for Free China. Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research October 28, 1941. Regraded Unclassified Appendix C 298 Principal Exports from U. S. to U.S.S.R. as reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 1941. (Thousands of dollars) Total exports $ 1,924 Principal Items Aviation gasoline 1,174 Anti-knock compounds 461 Metallic containers (drums) 143 Carbon black 116 Toluol 30 Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research Oct. 28, 1941 Regraded Unclassified Appendix D 299 Principal Exports from U. S. to Free China as reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 1941. (Thousands of dollars) Total Exports to Free China $ 5 Principal Item Insulated copper wire 4 Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research Oct. 28, 1941. Regraded Unclassified Appendix E 300 Principal Exports from U. S. to Occupied China 88 reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 1941. (Thousands of dollars) Total Exports to Occupied China $ 267 Principal Iteme Leather 50 Leaf tobacco 37 Malt 32 Cigarettes 28 Wrapping paper 23 Newsprint paper 18 Raw cotton 13 Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research Oct. 28, 1941. Regraded Unclassified Appendix F 301 Principal Exports from U. S. to Burma as reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 1941. (Thousands of dollars) Total Exports $ 35 Principal Items Petroleum well-drilling 14 apparatus Auto replacement parts Potassium Xanthate Other paint Salmon and sardines Asbestos brake lining Vitamins 1 1 2 2 5 2 Other X-Ray apparatus Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research Oct. 29, 1941. Regraded Unclassified Appendix G 302 Principal Exports from U. S. to French Indochina 8.8 reported to the Treasury Department during the week ending October 18, 1941. (Thousands of dollars) Total Exports $ 4 Principal Item Cigarettes 4 Treasury Department, Division of Monetary Research 28, Oct. 1941. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY department 303 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM Mr. Dietrich The attached cable from Berne, No. 229, was received late this afternoon and in view of its confidential character it was shown only to Under Secretary Bell. I assume that you will want the usual distribution made to the persons interested in this matter. A Bell Hele White Foley for copiests mease R.OC foley V white - 11/28pt 1020 him Regraded Unclassified (Am) MI USCRETARY 0011 304 PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED FROM: American Legation, Bern, Switzerland. DATE: October 15, 1941, 9 a.m. NO. : 229. THIS TELEGRAM IS STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL FOR THE UNDER SECRETARY AND THE SECRETARY. I have been informed by Mr. Piletgolaz that the Federal Council is concerned because of the present ratio of the gold reserves of the Swies National Bank and this has led him to instruct the Swiss Minister at Washington to request permission to transfer rert of the bank's gold now in the United States to Switzerland. Mr. Pilet hopes that favorable consideration will be given to this request. It was pointed out by Mr. Pilet that the National Bank as was previously its practice has even since the freezing of Swies funds been careful not to refuse purchases of dollare even though the Bank had no direct interest in such purchases which were to the advantage of the United States rather than Switzerland and that the National Bank has been careful to facilitate operations between the two countries. He cited B. payment of the American contribution to the International Institute of Agriculture in Rome as an example of such cooperation. He said that although the Bank was glad to continue to Regraded Unclassified -2- 305 be of service it could not continue indefinitely to pay out Swiss france here against the purchase of blocked dollars without some counterpart being received. The Bank is required by law to maintain in Switzerland gold coverage of 40 per cent of the taper money in circula- tion. In addition the Bank must provide gold for use in the internal market. An important use of this character is the requirements of the watch industry, many of the products of which are exported to the Western Hemisphere. The paper money of the Bank in circulation now totale 2,100 million Swiss france and the minimum coverage of gold that must be held in Switzerland amounts to 840 million gold france (40 per cent of 2,100 million francs). At the present time there is in fact a shortage of some 150 million (1.e. the equivalent of 30,000 kilograms) of gold since the actual gold coverage here in only 690 million. The strictly confidential character of the foregoing information was particularly emphasized by Mr. Pilet. The Bank would have repatriated gold to meet this shortage had it not been for difficulties of transportation but since Switzerland now has her own flag ships the transportation of the gold to Switzerland has become possible. Repatriation of gold through Genoa is now proposed. Switzerland will ask srecial Italian consent to this and has every reason to believe that the Regraded Unclassified - 3 - 306 request will be granted by Italy. The National Bank intends to repatriate 10,000 kilograms of gold at once. After this has been done successfully the National Bank will arrange to bring gold coverage up to the minimum required by law by repatriating the remaining two-thirde. Switzerland will still have even after the repatria- tion of 30,000 kilograms of gold more gold in the United States than is held in Switserland, since gold held by Switzerlend in the United States nov amounts to 1,040 million Swiss france or the equivalent of 200,000 kilograms. The desire of Switzerland for repatriating part of its gold held in the United States 1s explained in part by the unusual demande for gold in this market. While these demande have now subsided they may be resumed at any time. Added to the demand for gold for industrial uses in Switzerland there must be taken under considere- tion the export of gold to pay for transportation facili- ties and to pay for purchases of merchandise in foreign countries. If the Government of Switzerland continues to accumulate reserves in foreign countries it will undoubtedly become vulnerable to criticism. particularly if such reserves are blocked rather than free. It should be noted that the Swise National Bank is continually faced with demande that it purchase dollars in the United States in order that it may effect the remittance to Switzerland of the dividends Regraded Unclassified 307 - 4 - and interest on Swiss investments in South America, and in North America, that it effect individual payments in Europe, that it meet the requirements of the United States Government in Europe and that it effect the transfer to Rome of various payments which are made by Catholic Institutions. It is my opinion that since Switzerland is not our capital debtor our interests would be best served at this time if the Swiss request is granted. The granting of this permission would also in my opinion strengthen the independent position of Switzerland. HARRISON Copy:bj:1c:10/27/41 Regraded Unclassified Office or Date = well. Jr. Received: Date Rent 308 October 31, 1941. CIOBANDOM ON The Transfer of swiss-owned Cold in the United States In September, 1941, the Swine National Bank attempted to obtain permission from the If asury to export from New York to cortugal 2 million in gold. The reason given by the Swiss -inister for the transaction was the need for this gold to make payments due to ortugal and the fact that Switzerland could not rolease gold for this purpose from her reserves in Switzerland. After careful consideration, this application was decied by the Interdepartmental indittee on Forei Funds. on October 10, 1941, the Swine national Bank cabled the Federal Reserve Bank to obtain a license to transfer 11.5 million in cold from the sarnarked account of the Swice National Sank to the surmarked account of the Bank of Portugal. In this cable the wiss National Bank stated: "As you see, Banco A Portugal7 has consented now to such transfer instead of asked shipment from liew York. No therefore hope to get now very promptly the license asked for." Subseq ently. a cable was received on Datober 14 by the Federal Reserve Bank from the Sens of Portugal stating, "According to cable you will have received from Banque Nationale Suisee, %urich, please do necessary to transfer from their to our gold 80- count with you 10,000 kilos fine gold bare as vs are delivering Banque Nationale Suisse, Zurich, equivalent acount from our gold deposit with thes at Barne." The Swies cable of October 10, fairly read, indicated that the transfer of the earnarked Cold in liew York was for payments which the Swiss wished to make in Cortugal. is were not told the very material fact that this transaction was Fundamentally an 11. port of 2020 from in York to Jwitserland. Regraded Unclassified 309 - Regraded Unclassified A third application is pending requesting a. license to release $100,000 in gold from the account of the Central Reserve Bank of Peru for shipment is Argentina where it would be credited to the Account of the Swine National Bank in return for a corres- ponding credit of Dates france in Zurich. In a communication to the Under Secretary of State, the Swine Minister states that the Swien National Bank must transfer 30,000 kilograms of gold (about $84 million) from this country to Switzerland. Further, the American Subasay in Mexico reports that a Mexican bank has received an Inquiry from a Swies bank with respect to the price of freely exportable gold bars against dollars, and the American Embassy in Brasil reports that the Bank of Brasil has been informed that the Swise National Bank may ship gold to Brasil for safekeeping. These applications and inquiries show conclusively that the Uniss Government is determined to withdraw gold from the United States, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of increasing its gold holdings in Europe. The transfer of such large quantities of gold to Europe at this time is contrary to the vital interests of the American Government and to the long-range interests of the Swiss Government. Sixty percent of the gold reserves of Switzerland are in the United States. According to the Swine Minister: "The reasons why the Swiss National Bank accumulated such an important part of its reserves in this country was the confidence which Switzerland placed in the Government of the United States of America as well as the co viction that in no other country could the reserves of a small independent nation be better safeguarded than in America." The soundness of this view is clear. In May and June, 1940, the Swies Government asked the United States to facilitate the ship- ment of all of its gold reserves from Switsorland to this country. Must has happened since to make Europe a safe place in which to hold the gold reserves of a small nation? The first roason Given by the Swies Minister for transferring gold to Switzerland 10 the need for 034 million in gold to provide sufficient reserves for the note issue. As Swine banknotes are not 310 - 3 - Regraded Unclassified convertible into gold and as Swine gold reserves are held solely M assurance of the seundness of the eurrency, it would seem that this purpose could be better served by retaining the gold reserves in this country where they are safe from seizure by invadors. The welfare of Switzerland would be better served by keeping to & sisime its reserves of gold in Europe and by basing its note issue on Mr. marked gold in this country. This is a practice new followed by may countries and by the Swiss Satienal Bank prior to 1929. In May ml June, 1940, the Swice apparently were not troubled by the existence of any statute requiring that gold reserves be held in Switserland. The present large gold reserves in Switzerland are an invitation to the invader seeking lest. The direct transfer of gold to Switzerland comet be regarded as in the interest of this country or stat in the ultimate interest of & free Switzerland. The 60.00 objection applies to an increase in the gold reserves of Switserland which will result from a switching transaction of earmarked gold to Portugal is See York is return for earnarked gold from Portugal is Borne. The second reases given by the Swies Minister for the transfer of gold to Switserland is the need for such gold in settlement of adverse trade balences. Switzerland is importing res materials and seni-finished goods from the loss-developed parts of Europe for conversion late procision instruments and other highly fabricated war goods for export to Dermay. Not only is Switserland providing Germany with urgently needed goods but it 1a providing these goode 60 sredit. According to the Swine Minister, under the elearing agreement Avitserland is financing export credits to Germany at the rate of 400 million france a year. The actual credite under the clearing agreement may in fact tura out to be such larger. It 10 admitted by the Swies Minister that Switzerland 10 helpless to alter this situation. Be says: "As & recult of the developments of this var, it is entirely surrounded by inis-dominated countries." Its imports and exports can continue only 9a the sufference of Germany. Transfer of earmarked gold in New York from Switzerlend to Portugal is only one part of the transmotion. Corresponding to this transfer, there is another transfer abread from Portugal to Switzerland, resulting in an increase in the gold reserves at the disposal of Switzerland. Under present eircumsteness, such a transaction would result in BD. assoleration of Switzerland's economic contribution to Germany's war effort. The United States cannot imperil its vital interests by permitting Dwitserland to withdrew gold from this country, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of expending its contribution to the German was effort. 311 Regraded Unclassified Ives if Deliverland, for the purpose of liquidating its obligations to Portugal, chould desire be transfer to Pertugal gold in Now York to be left there under Partugal's earmark, - should not approve the transfers, particularly se long M Switzerland has energh gold in Europe to discharge 140 Burepean obligations. It should be remembered that a substantial part of the materials heretofore or hereafter acquired by Switeerland from Portugal, will be used by Switserland to goods for Germany or otherwise help Germany in 1ts was offert. The Bwise Deverament has indicated that the Italian Government is propared to great free transit of gold from New York to Switzerland by my of Gones, It would be surprising if the Italian Government followed may other course. The Amis countries will miss certain that Bwice gold will be used to the fullest extent to further Germany's will 1 even If seisure or a threat of seizure is necessary for this purpose. It is 80 obvieusly be Germany's advantage to 100 an increase is the gold reserved hold by Switserland in Europe that the British Overnment has not greated a sevisort for any of the proposed shipments of gold. It is interesting to observe that when the Swiss were considering moving all their gold to the United States in June, 1940, Somary, the Bwies representative, said be was willing to ship $250,000,000 of gold through as Italiam port even if the Italians agreed by treaty to allow Switzerland to use Genes during the was. Somey noted that this amount of gold was more than the gold holdings of the Bank of Italy. What has happened since to miss Italy a cafe place through which to transport Brice gold? Our gold policy is in as way involved in refusing to allow Owitzerland to withdraw its gold from this country or to transfer earmarked gold is New York to the earmark of another country. The Treasury is continuing to bay and cell gold from Switzerland and - as very recently. Our policy with respect to Swice-emed gold does not differ from our policy with respoct to other Owine-emed dollar assets and proporty in this country. or course, our freezing control policy regulated the use of gold but that has been true ever since April, 1940. The are not singling out gold but simply treating it the same my - treat all other form of blooked proporty. This Deversment approxiates the confidence the Drine town- net has shows is this country and is its free institutions by mistaining a large part of its univery reserved in the United States. The sympathetic manner in which 10 have considered the 312 - 6 - sconomie and mentary problems of Switserland is ovidenced by our granting then a General License. There is nothing in the long history of our relations with Switzerlend or our current views with regard to the rights of small countries to cause Switserland to fear that her interests will be undermined by the United States. In return R hope that the Swies Government will recognise that we are seting in their interest and will continue to rely on our good faith by accepting dollar funds and by retaining earmarked gold and other Owiss-owned assets in this country. EMB;BB;nrd - 10/31/41. Regraded Unclassified Office of ware H. Morris, Jr. C Received: Date U.S.A Bour 9:15 o P I November 3, 1941 313 Amt Mr. Achesons Memorandum: Transfer of Swins-owned gold in the United States to the Banco de Portugal AS I understand the transaction, it is as follows: (1) The Swine National Bank desires to transfer gold held by it in America to the Banco de Portugal, which in turn will hold is under earmark in the United States. (2) It is assumed that there will be some sort of transfer of gold or other American exchange from Portugal to Bern. This last is not spelt out. If an arrangement could be worked out by which we permit Switzerland to transfer earmarked gold in the United States to an earmarked Portuguess account, also to be hald in the United States, thus satisfying Swise obligations to Portugal, 1 see no objection to it. Unless it is established that thereupon the Portuguese treasfer dollars or gold to Switzerland, it would seem that no material damage to our interesto took place. Actually, my distinct impression in that our interests would be served if the gold could be brought into Portuguase costrol. Portugal 10, in my judgment, in far greater danger of invasion then Switzerland. Should this occur, the Portuguese Government sould undoubtedly take refuge Regraded Unclassified 314 - 2 - refuge in the Asores, and the greater its assets in the United States, the better we could support the hand of that government. There is less reason to invade Switzerland; and in any case supporting a Swime government in exile assuming such & government existed - - would be & mere political gesture, whereas there are material advantages which would accrue in the conduct of the as if We were in e position to support the Portuguese situation, as I an pretty clear we would. The assumption, however, is that by transfer of this gold Switzerland will buy in Portugal tangible materials which it will then bring into Switzerland, and will use for manufacture of materials much of which will go into Germany under the prevailing German-Swise economic arrangements. This is E question of fact, to decide it would turn on an accurate knowledge of the supplies Switzerland is drawing and can draw from Portugal. I agree wholly with Mr. Bernstein that there seems to be no reason for transferring gold to Switzerland to serve 68 a base for Swine note issues) or to accist the Bank of Portugal in transferring gold it holds in Barn to Swiss account. The conclusion is that the application for license ought to be denied, unless it were accompanied by assurances astisfactory to us from Partugal that they would not transfer an equivalent amount of assets to Swins account. A. 4. Barle, Jr. Regraded Unclassified CONFIDENTIAL 315 Hotel Richemond, Geneva. 27 October 1941. My dear Mr. Secretary, The enclosed copy of 8. letter to the Secretary of State will tell you about the two memoranda I am sending you by the same pouch that takes this. I believe that no peace 16 likely to last long unless Central and South-East European economic frontiers are wisely drawn. The 1919-1920 set-up must on no account be confirmed by the settlement that follows the present war. The memoranda I am sending you now contain B further development of the 1deas I tried to express in the Notes on Self- Determination I sent you on the 4th instant. with my kindest regards, Sincerely yours, Reyall Tyler Royall Tyler Enclosure: Copy of A letter to the Secretary of State. The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury, Washington, D.C. Regraded Unclassified CONFIDENTIAL 316 Hotel Richemond, Geneva. 27 October 1941. My dear Mr. Secretary, I am sending to you by the same pouch that takes this: (1) Bome notes on political and economic frontiers in Central and South-East Europe, as it seems to me they ought to be drawn after this war. I am not showing these notes to anyone here. (2) A first draft of & memorandum on the economic organization of Central Europe, with particular reference to the Danube Valley, which I am doing at the request of the Secretary General of the League of Nations, and which goes in some detail into the economic havoe caused by the 1919- 1920 customs-barriers. This memorandum may be sent, privately, to some of the League Governments. The Secretary General has not yet had time to consider what he wishes to do with it, or whether he wante changes made in it, so for the present at any rate it also had better be regarded as confidential. I am, with kind personal regards, Mr. Secretary Respectfully yours, Royall Tyler The Honorable The Decretary of State, Washington, D.C. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 317 INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary Morgenthau FROM George Buffington It has been suggested by Mr. Vincent T. Callahan that I make a fifteen minute talk regarding the Tax Savings Plan over a national radio hookup the early part of November. I have discussed the matter with Messrs. D. W. Bell, Sullivan, Kuhn, and Odegard and they feel such a talk advisable. You may prefer to have it done by an official of the Treasury Department. May I have 8. decision from you in order that I may have the script prepared and approved. QB. mould 9th to have best This do be Bell pr j W. Regraded Unclassified TREASURY DEPARTMENT 318 INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION DATE October 27, 1941 TO Secretary unigenthan Miss FROM BAF. Districh confidential Registered sterling transactions of the reporting banks were as follows: Sold to commercial concerns 6110,000 Purchased from commercial concerns à 16,000 Open market sterling was again quoted at 4.03-1/2. The only reported transactions consisted of $4,000 sold to two commercial concerns. The Canadian dollar, which closed at 11% discount on Saturday, improved to a final quotation of 10-7/8% today. In New York, closing quotations for the foreign currencies listed below were as follows: Argentine peso (free) .2363 Brazilian milreis (free) .0505 Colombian peso -5775 Mexican peso .2070 Uruguayan peso (free) .4625 Veneruelan boliver .2610 Cuban peso 1/8% discount There were no purchases or sales of gold effected by us with foreign countries today. No new gold engagements were reported. In London, both spot and forward silver remained at 23-1/2d, equivalent to 42.67#. Handy and Harman's settlement price for foreign silver was also unchanged at 34-3/44. The Treasury's purchase price for foreign silver was unchanged at 35#. We made no silver purchases today. A Regraded Unclassified C 0 P Y 319 October 27, 1941 IN. 27/1/10/41 Bank of Portugal, Lisbon, notified Banco do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, on September 22, 1941, they would like to know: 1. Under what conditions bank is prepared to receive and to keep in safe custody Gold which may be sent for account of Bank of Portugal. 2. If the export of Gold is free. 3. If they could deposit Gold in Bank under the con- dition that it might be freely exported at any time. 4. Under what terms would Bank undertake to assist in effecting such export. J.M. Copy:vw:10-29-41 Regraded Unclassified C 0 P Y DEPARTMENT OF STATE 320 Washington In reply refer to October 27, 1941 IF 851.51/2914 The Secretary of State presents his compliments to the Honorable the Secretary of the Treasury and transmits herewith a copy of the paraphrase of telegram no. 1363, dated October 24, 1941, from the American Embassy at Vichy, transmitting a message from Morgan and Company, Chatel Guyon, France to J. P. Morgan and Company, New York, regarding service on French Government 7% bonds in the United States. A paraphrase of the message has been transmitted to J. P. Morgan and Company, New York, by the Department of State. Enclosure: No. 1363 from Vichy, October 24, 1941. Copy:ec:10-27-41 Regraded Unclassified PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED FROM: American Embassy, Vichy, France, 321 DATE: October 24, 1941, 10 a.m. NO.: 1363. It is desired by Mr. Arragon, of Morgan and Company, Chatel Guyon, France, that a paraphrase of the following message be sent to the New York office of J. P. Morgan and Company: Desirous of assuring continuous service in the United States on the 7% bonds even if, as a result of events beyond the Ministry's control, there should be an interruption of communications and the French Financial Attache should be iplated, the French Ministry of Finance, with this end in view, asks that you examine the possibility of accepting powers from the French Government in a form to be de- cided upon under which you would act for its account and perform all acts of administration connected with the service of the loan cover- ing both the semi-annual coupon payments and the annual sinking fund reimbursement of bonds, including drawings, publication and signing of notices, and the other such formalities. The French Financial Ministry believes that in view of your present status as fiscal agents and sinking fund trustees you can best discharge these funo- tions. I understand that the powers would be irrevocable unless and until by mutual agreement other arrangements should later be made but that the powers would involve no financial responsibility beyond handling funds which you already have on deposit. A reply through the American Embassy at Vichy is requested. With reference to this matter the Department and Treasury are asked to refer to telegram no. 1299 which was sent by the Embassy at noon on the 13th of October. LEAHY Copy:hr:10-27-41. Regraded Unclassified 322 BRITISH EMBASSY, WASHINGTON, D.C. October 27th, 1941 PERSONAL AND SECRET Dear Mr. Secretary, I enclose herein for your personal and secret information a copy of the latest report received from London on the military situation. Believe me, Dear Mr. Secretary, Very sincerely yours, Helifax The Honourable Henry Morgenthau, Jr., United States Treasury, Washington, D. C. Regraded I 323 TXTEGRAM ruce LONDON MAT D OCTOB. Bath. 1941, H.M.S. GRAT has arrived in harbour in tow. M.M.S. MAORI was torpedeed night 22ad/2ard 10 miles South Southwest Cape St. Vineent while escort- ing homeward bound convoy. Forward part completely wreeked and, though possibility of towing was expected, later report states H.M.J. MAORI was sinking. H.M.S. UNG& reports hite on two ships off KURIAT island Tunisian Coast. H.M.S. UNIVE torpedoed Italian A.m.C. CATTA DI OBNOVA Class 54 13 tons 2.M./14 off Naplem. Later ship appeared to have sunk. R.Y.A. DACKDALE tanker 8,145 tons sank after explosion in it. Helena Harbour night of 21st/22nd. Believed she was torpedoed by U-Boat. Night of 21st/22nd 111 tons of line including 6 of 4000 lbs. and 6000 incendiaries were dropped on Bremon. 38 tons of H. . including 4 of 4000 lbs. were dropped on Eaples; reports claim large fire, many buildings destroyed and railway station well alight. Day of 22nd Blenheims attacked barracks at Home, Libys, many burets being seen among buildings. Night of 22nd/23rd approximately 130 aircraft attacked Mannheim, 20 attacked Havre and Drest where bombs were seen to buret is visinity of buttle eruisers. Day of gard 4 Blenheims attacked small merchant- veasel so miles -.N.W. of marittimo island scoring hits near funnel and two near misses. Night of 23rd/24th 140 aircraft were despatched from the United Kingdom. over 100 attacked Kiel, 9 Sterlings attached Brest, light attack also made on herbourg. Regraded Unclassified 324 BRITISH EMBASSY, WASHINGTON, D.C. October 27th, 1941. ersonal and Secret. Dear Mr. Secretary, I enclose herein for your personal and secret infor- mation 8 copy of the latest report received from London on the military situation. Believe me, Dear Mr. Secretary, Very sincerely yours, (in IL above of dont Halifax) The Honourable Henry Morgenthau, Jr., R.J.Campbell R.J. pbell United States Treasury, Washington, D. C. Regraded Unclassified 325 Telegra de London dated October 29th. Correction to telegram gree dated October 24th, in assond paragra,t for H.M.S. "Mart" read H.W.S. "Cossask" and for "10 miles" read "110 miles". (Latest reports state that H.M.S. Oceasek is proceeding to harbour in tow). Night 20th/21at a cruiser foree bombarded meny battery east of Fobruk and destroyers boabarded Bardie Harbour. on October 24th a medium size German merchant vessel off the south coast of Norway was set on fire by . Beaufort, Two mineewesping trawlers were mined and sunk in the Thanes estuary on October 24th. Partly due to B ships sunk in homeward-b.und Canadian sonvey shipping loases were heavier during last week, U-boate being mainly responsible. Heavy weather in the Atlantic caused damage to several destroyers. Casualties during last week in sir operations over and from this country: Royal AIP Force 24 bombers 14 fighters, German Air Force 4d. bonbers destroyed, 1 probable, 3 damaged, 21 fighters destroyed, 8 probable, 6 damaged; siddle Goat, Royal Air Force 4 bombers destroyed, 3 damaged, 2 fighters destroyed, German Air Force 3 fighters, 1 probuble, 1 damaged, Italian Air Force 1 bomber destroyed. On the ni nt of 20th/21st and the following day . total of over 25 aircraft dropped 26 tons of B.S. on Beughosi harbour, hits being scored on moles and railway sidings. on the night of 2nd/23rd 61 tone of H.3. and 3600 incendiaries were dropped on annheim, 27 tone of H.E. on the dooks at Havrs, 20 tone on Brest. Regraded Unclassified 326 On the night of 23rd/24th the min target was kiel and musl foress also reided Havro, Charbourg and Brest. on the night of the 24th/25th. 101 aircraft reided Frankfurt and sttacks were also mde on Cherbourg, Inden and Brest. One aircraft is missing. 966 ships were escorted in convoy during the work ending October 22nd; 789,286 tons were imported in sonvoye during the week ending October 18th. Malta has been reinforced with aircraft. During the past week night bombing operations have been hampered by reather. may air activity has again been alight. Russia. Heavy fighting continues on the HOBOOW front; there is bad weather and more evidence of Gornal supply difficulty. Kharkov appeare in immediate danger. German armoured troops are within 20 miles of Rostev but are meeting vigorous resistence. Germen attack on Crimes is continuing. Corwan difficulties in advancing scroes the niver Dom theneo into the Causasus must not be underrated. Information received so far confirms suscess of Russian policy of evacuation of key armament factories from Western areas. There 10 considerable evidence of destruc- tion of buildings and installutions of factories by retreating Runsian troops. Regraded Unclassified 327 RESTRICTED G-2/2657-220: No. 529 M.I.D., W.D. 11,00 A.M., October 27, 1941 SITUATION REPORT I. Eastern Theater. Ground: Heavy fighting is reported along the entire front. Bad weather continues to impede military operations. Nothing definite is reported from the Moscow area. In the south the Germans are pressing the advance through the Donets River basin. II. Western Theater. Air: British fighters renewed their attacks on German bases in northern France this morning. Other groups of 4-cannon Hurricanes headed for Boulogne. Last night the R.A.F. heavily bombed the docks of the German port of Hamburg. Other targets last night were Cherbourg, Nantes, and Egersund, in southern Norway. Only a few Germen planes were said to have appoared over Britain last night. III. Middle Eastern Theater. Air: German and Italian sources each claim credit for the sinking of a British cruiser in the Mediterranean. There is no British confirmation. The British raided Tripoli and Benghazi. RESTRICTED Regraded Unclassified