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Volume 743, June 13 – June 15, 1944
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28277503
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Volume 743, June 13 – June 15, 1944
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Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Papers
Diaries of Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
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Diary
Book 743
June 13-15, 1944
- C -
Book Page
Czechoslavakia
See Occupied Territories
- G -
Greece
See Occupied Territories
- H - H -
Hungary
Archbishop Spellman's message: See War Refugee Board
- L - -
Lend-Lease
United Kingdom
Aircraft despatched, weeks ending May 26 and June 2 - -
British Air Commission report - 6/13/44
743
31
Federal Reserve Bank of New York statement showing
dollar disbursements, week ending June 7, 1944 -
6/14/44
131
- N -
Netherlands
See also Book 736
Loan: Stettinius-Bell conversation at Cabinet and subsequent
conference at State Department with Stettinius, Acheson,
and Collado outlined in Bell memorandum - 6/14/44
126
a) Discussion by 9:30 group - 6/16/44: See Book 744,
page 46
- 0 -
Occupied Territories
Czechoslavakia: Invasion currency being printed in U.S.S.R.;
United Kingdom printing to be held for post-liberation
currency conversion - Taylor (London) memorandum - 6/13/44
36
Greece: Currency situation regarded by British Treasury as
"fantastic" - Taylor (London) memorandum - 6/13/44
36
United Kingdom-United States sale of relief and rehabilitation
supplies and surplus Army stocks in liberated areas:
Treasury comment forwarded to State Department 6/15/44.
184
Regraded Unclassified
- P -
Book Page
Post-War Planning
Currency Stabilisation
International Conference
See also preceding books
Tobey, Charles W. (Senator, New Hampshire): FDR's
adverse reaction to appointment as Republican member
reported to HMJr by Justice Byrnes - 6/15/44
743
178
a) HMJr-Tobey conversation - 6/16/44:
See Book 744, page 82
FDR's possible personal appearance and opening address
discussed by Treasury group - 6/16/44: Book 744, page 22
(See also Book 746, page 225)
(Rosenman as adviser discussed by HMJr and Bernstein
(Alternates discussed by HMJr and Bernstein
744
86
a) Rosenman-HMJr conversation: Book 744, page 102
b)
.
"not well enough to go"- FDR comment:
Book 744, page 240
c) Rosenman's letter saying FDR has vetoed his going:
Book 745, page 231
Procurement Division
Surplus Property, Disposal of: Special items valued in excess
of $50,000, as of June 10, 1944, listed in Olrich memorandum -
6/14/44
743
117
- R - -
Rosenman, Samuel I.
See Post-War Planning: Currency Stabilization
(International Conference)
- S -
Somers, Andrew L. (Congressman, New York)
Protests selection of Banking and Currency Committee
representative rather than Coinage Weights and Measures
Committee for representation at Monetary Conference
(Bretton Woods, New Hampshire) - 6/15/44
186
a) FDR's probable answer discussed by Treasury group -
6/16/44: See Book 744, page 9
b) Invited as Technical Adviser - 6/28/44: Book 747,
page 219
Spellman, F. J. - Archbishop
See War Refugee Board: Hungary
- T -
Tobey, Charles (Senator, New Hampshire)
See Post-War Planning: Currency Stabilization
(International Conference)
Regraded Unclassified
- U -
Book Page
United Kingdom
See Occupied Territories
- W -
War Refugee Board
Hungary: Archbishop Spellman's message "to be beamed to
Hungary" - 6/15/44
743
203-A
Regraded Unclassified
1
June 13, 1944
Dear Miss Tully:
I understand that the
President asked for this part
of last night's program. Here
it is.
With kind regards,
Sincerely yours,
(Signed) H. S. Klotz
Miss Grace Tully,
Secretary to the President,
The White House.
By S.S. agent 6/13/44 10:30
Regraded Unclassified
R
2
Y
T
E
E
1944 JUN 13 AM 9 07
G
R
A
P
H
WU12 GOVT NL COLLECT
TEXARKANA TEX JUN 12 1944
T
R
MRS KLOTZ
E
A
CARE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY OFFICE TREASURY BLDG
S
15TH ST AT PENN AVE NW
U
R
THE PRESIDENT HAS REQUESTED THAT THIS, ORSON WELLES
"SOLDIER BOY" SPEECH. BE SENT TO HIS OFFICE IMMEDIATELY.
T
B
FULL TEXT IT IS BLANK VERSE FOLLOWS:
(MUSIC VERY LOW, GHOSTLY BUT STRANGELY POIGNANT, ESTABLISHES:)
G
(THEN DOWN UNDER:)
R
A
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE (NEW LINE)
1 I'D like A WORD OR TWO IN THIS meeting. (NEW LINE)
T
WALTER HUSTON (NEW LINE)
R
2 HELLO HELLO THERE, WHO'RE YOU? (NEW LINE)
A
A YOUNG MAN'S. VOICE (NEW LINE)
S
U
3 ME, I'M LOTS OF PEOPLE. CALL ME JOE. (NEW LINE)
R
Y
WALTER HUSTON ( NEW LINE)
T
4 WELCOME TO THE MEETING, JOE. STAND UP, WE CAN'T SEE YOU. (NEW LINE)
E
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE (NEW LINE)
E
5 SORRY, CAN'T STAND BESIDES, YOU WOULDN'T WANT TO SEE ME (NEW LINE)
R
6 I DON'T WANT YOU TO -- NOT NOW. (NEW LINE)
T
Regraded Unclassified
U
3
R
Y
T
E
L
E
WU12 SHEET TWO
G
R
A
P
7 MAYBE YOU'VE GOT A SNAPSHOT, LOOK AT THAT. (NEW LINE)
H
8 REMEMBER SOMETHING GOOD WE BOTH ENJOYED, (NEW LINE)
9 SOMETHING WE LIKED TOGETHER. (NEW LINE)
T
R
10 REMEMBER THE LAST TIME YOU AW ME SMILE, (NEW LINE)
E
11 MARK WHERE I LEFT YOUR LIFE WITH THAT -- (NEW LINE)
S
12 A SMILE (NEW LINE)
U
13 THAT'S HOW I'D LIKE IT. (NEW LINE)
WALTER HUSTON (NEW LINE)
T
14 WHO ARE YOU, JOE? (NEW LINE)
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE (NEW LINE)
G
1 ME? I THOUGHT I TOLD YOU. LOTS OF PEOPLE. (NEW LINE)
A
I MOWED YOUR LAWN AND JERKED YOUR SODAS. (NEW LINE)
3 I WASHED YOUR WINDOWS AND SOAPED. 'EM ON HALLOW'EEN (NEW LINE)
4 AND I BROKE ONE OF 'EM WITH A BASEBALL, REMEMBER?
R
(NEW LINE)
A
5 I SAT IN YOUR CLASSROOM (NEWLINE)
S
U
6 I RAN THE ELEVATOR IN YOUR OFFICE BUILDING (NEW LINE)
R
Y
7 I BROUGHT YOUR GROCERIES AND DELIVERED YOUR TELEGRAMS (NEW LINE)
8 I EVEN SANG HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU, HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU (NEW LINE)
E
9 AND I SHINED YOUR SHOES AND ONCE I HIT YOU WITH A SNOWBALL (NEW LINE)
L
E
G
R
P
Regraded Unclassified
S
4
U
R
Y
T
E
L
WU12 SHEET THREE
E
G
R
10 YOU REMEMBER ME. (NEW LINE NEW STANZA)
A
P
11 WHEN YOU WERE SICK I MADE IT WORSE (NEW LINE)
H
12 YELLING OLLIE OLLIE OXEN FREE OUT IN THE STREET.
13 I WOKE YOU UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT - (NEW LINE)
T
R
14 THAT WAS ME WHEN I WAS LITTLE - BAWLING IN THE NEXT APT (NEW LINE)
E
A
15 OR MAYBE THAT WAS ME BAWLING IN THE NEXT ROOM.
S
16 IF THAT WAS ME YOU DIDN'T MIND IT so MUCH (NEW LINE)
K
17 AND I DON'5 HAVE TO REMIND YOU OF ANYTHING. YOU REMEMBER. (NEW LINE) Y
18 LIKE I SAY. I'M LOTS OF PEOPLE. (NEW LINE) NEW STANZA
19 YOU OUT THERE, MAYBE YOU'RE MY FOLKS, OR MY BOSS MAYBE. (NEW LINE)
E
20 OR MY FRIEND. MAYBE YOU CHASED ME OUT OF YOUR FRONT YARD. (NEW LINE)
G
R
A YOUNGS MAN'S VOICE (CONTINUED)
1 MAYBE YOU AND I WERE GOING TO BE MARRIED - SOME DAY AFTER THE
WAR. (NEW LINE)
T
2 MAYBE WE GOT MARRIED. (NEW LINE)
E
3 YOU MAY HAVE BORNE MY CHILDREN. (NEW LINE)
A
4 MAYBE I'M YOUR FATHER (NEW LINE)
S
U
5 YOU OUT THERE - YOUR'RE LOTS OF PEOPLE, TOO. (NEW LINE) (NEW STARAXSXR
Y
STANZA)
T
E
L
E
G
A
P
H
Regraded Unclassified
S
U
5
R
Y
T
E
L
WU12 SHEET FOUR
E
G
R
6 BUT THERE'S SOMETHING DEFINITE, SPECIFIC FINAL. (NEW LINE)
A
P
7 ITS ABOUE ME. (NEW LINE)
H
8 I'M NOT COMING BACK. (NEW LINE) (NEW STANZA)
9 LOOKING FOR MY BUDDIES WHEN IT'S OVER OVER THERE (NEW LINE)
T
R
10 THEY'LL BE BACK. (NEW LINE)
E
A
11 WHEN THE BANDS ARE PLAYING AND THE BELLS ALL RINGING (NEW LINE)
S
12 YOU'LL SEE THEM MARCHING THROUGH THE SNOW OF TICKER TAPE, (NEW LINE)
U
13 LAUGHING AND WAVING AT THE GIRLS. (NEW LINE)
Y
14 LOOK FOR THEM, YOU'LL FIND 'EM, AND THANK GOD THEY/RE BACK.
E
(NEW LINE) (NEW STANZA)
E
15 THANK ME, Too, IF YOU THINK OF IT. (NEW LINE)
G
16 SOME OF YOU WON, T THINK OF ANYTHING ELSE. (NEW LINE)
R
17 YOU OUT THERE - (NEW LINE)
18 X WHAT I'VE GOT TO SAY IS FOR YOU TO HEAR ( NEW LINE)
T
1 YOU OUT THERE (NEW LINE)
E
2 YOU -- (NEW LINE)
A
3 YOU TOO -- -- (NEW LINE) (NEW STANZA)
S
U
BETTER LISTEN.
R
Y
5 KNOW WHO I AM? (NEW LINE)
T
6 I HOPE I'M NOBODY YOU LOVE (NEW LINE)
E
7 BUT IF I'M NOT YET, NEITHER ONE IS SURE I WON'T BE.
E
R
H
Regraded Unclassified
R
6
E
A
S
U
R
Y
1944 JUN 13 AM 9 25
T
E
L
E
G
WU12 SHEET FIVE
R
A
(NEW LINE)
P
H
8 HERE'S A QUESTION FOR YOU: ( NEW LINE)
T
9 WHAT DO YOU THINK I FEEL LIKE WHEN I HEAR YOU -- -- (NEW LINE)
R
E
10 YOU BACK THERE -- (NEW LINE)
11 TALKING ABOUT THE PEACE ( NEW LINE)
U
12 THE PEACE I'LL NEVER LIVE TO SEE? ( NEW LINE)
R
NEW STANZA
13 I'LL TELL YOU HOW I FEEL ABOUT IT, (NEW LINE)
El
L
14 I FEEL JUST FINE. (NEW LINE)
E
15 WHY DO YOU THINK I'M STAYING OVER HERE? ( NEW LINE)
(AFTER A SLIGHT PAUSE HE CONTINUES) (NEW STANZA)
16 BUT RIGHT NOW GIVE ME A MINUTE OF YOUR TIME.
H
(NEW LINE)
17 FIRST OF ALL. I WANT TO TELL YOU THAT WE/RE GOING TO WIN
R
E
THIS WAR. (NEW LINE)
A
S
18 SOMETIME IT MAY NOT LOOK THAT WAY TO YOU. (NEW LINE)
u
RI
19 I DON'T MEAN THE WAR NEWS'LL BE BAD -- -- (NEW LINE)
Y
20 THOUGH IT MAY BE BAD. ( NEW LINE)
1 WE'VE GOT A LOT OF DESPERATE MEN TO KILL, ( NEW LINE)
E
LI
2 AND LOTS OF THEM WILL DO THE KILLING ( NEW LINE)
El
3 BEFORE IT'S OVER. ( NEW LINE)
4 WHAT I MEAN IS, (NEW LINE)
A
Regraded Unclassified
6
E
A
S
U
R
Y
1944 JUN 13 AM 9 25
T
E
L
E
G
R
WU12 SHEET FIVE
A
(NEW LINE)
P
H
8 HERE'S A QUESTION FOR YOU: ( NEW LINE)
9 WHAT DO YOU THINK I FEEL LIKE WHEN I HEAR YOU (NEW LINE)
R
E
10 YOU BACK THERE -- (NEW LINE)
11 TALKING ABOUT THE PEACE ( NEW LINE)
12 THE PEACE I'LL NEVER LIVE TO SEE? ( NEW LINE)
NEW STANZA
13 I'LL TELL YOU HOW I FEEL ABOUT IT, (NEW LINE)
B
14 I FEEL JUST FINE. (NEW LINE)
E
15 WHY DO YOU THINK I'M STAYING OVER HERE? ( NEW LINE)
(AFTER A SLIGHT PAUSE HE CONTINUES) (NEW STANZA)
16 BUT RIGHT NOW GIVE ME A MINUTE OF YOUR TIME.
H
(NEW LINE)
17 FIRST OF ALL. I WANT TO TELL YOU THAT WE/RE GOING TO WIN
R
E
THIS WAR. (NEW LINE)
S
18 SOMETIME IT MAY NOT LOOK THAT WAY TO YOU. (NEW LINE)
19 I DON'T MEAN THE WAR NEWS'LL BE BAD (NEW LINE)
20 THOUGH IT MAY BE BAD. ( NEW LINE)
1 WE' GOT A LOT OF DESPERATE MEN TO KILL, ( NEW LINE)
2 AND LOTS OF THEM WILL DO THE KILLING ( NEW LINE)
3 BEFORE IT'S OVER. ( NEW LINE)
4 WHAT I MEAN IS, (NEW LINE)
Regraded Unclassified
A
S
U
R
Y
T
E
L
E
G
WU12 SHEET SIX
R
A
P
H
5 WHEN I'M GONE, ( NEW LINE)
T
6 FOR YOU WHO LOVE ME ( NEW LINE)
R
7 IT MAY LOOK LIKE THE WAR'S LOST, - ( NEW LINE)
A
8 JUST FOR A WHILE, ANYWAY. ( NEW LINE) ( NEW STANZA)
S
9 DO THIS FOR ME, DON'T EVER BELIEVE IT. ( NEW LINE)
Y
(NEW STANZA)
T
10 AFTER THE REVOLUTION A LOT OF BOYS DIDN'T GET TO GO
E
11 BACK HOME. ( NEW LINE)
E
12 WE WON THAT WAR, ALL RIGHT, (NEW LINE)$3
G
R
13 AND LIFE WOULDN'T BE WORTH LIVING IF THEY HADN'T THOUGHT
ENOUGH OF ( NEW LINE)
14 LIFE TO DIE FOR IT. ( NEW LINE) (NEW STANZA)
T
15 I REMEMBER SOME OF YOU FOLKS SAYING ONCE THAT WAR DOESN'T MAKE
R
E
SENSE ( NEW STANZA)
A
S
16 MAKING WAR DOESN'S ( NEW LINE)
U
17 YOU WERE RIGHT ABOUT THAT. ( NEW LINE)
R
Y
1 BUT WE DIDN'T MAKE THISWAR. ( NEW LINE)
T
2 OUR JOB IS TO END IT, AND I MEAN END IT. ( NEW LINE)
E
L
3 WE'RE GOING TO SMASH THE WAR MAKERS AND BREAK THEM FOR GOOD. ( NEW LICE
G
4 THAT'S WINNING THE WAR AND THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO, (NEW LINE)
R
5 AND THAT MAKES SENSE. ( NEW LINE)
A
P
6 ALL THE SENSE IN THE WORLD. ( NEW LINE) K (NEW STANZA)
H
Regraded Unclassified
8
WU12 SHEET SEVEN
7 I WANT YOU TO HATE THOSE MEN WHO MADE THE WAR ( NEW LINE)
8 DON'T HATE THE WAR, ( NEW LINE)
9 IT'S TAKEN ME AWAY FROM YOU, ( NEW LINE)
10 BUT I WANT YOU TO REMEMBER ALL THE THINGS THEY TRIED TO TAKE
AWAY. ( NEW LINE)
11 MORE IMPORTANT THINGS THAN ME -- ( NEW LINE)
12 NOT ONLY FOR THE WORLD -- -- (NEW LINE)
13 IMPORTANT FOR YOU, TOO. ( NEW LINE)
14 I WANT YOU TO BE SURE OF THAT. ( NEW LINE)
15 I WANT THOSE THINGS TO BE MORE IMPORTANT TO YOU THAN
I AM ( NEW LINE)
16 BECAUSE I WANT MY DEATH TO MEAN SOMETHING. ( NEW LINE)
17 YOU $EE, THERE ISN'T ANYTHING MORE I CAN DO ABOUT IT. ( NEW LINE)
18 ALL I CAN DO IS DIE ( NEW LINE)
19 IT'S MEANING SOMETHING'S UP TO YOU ( NEW LINE) ( NEW STANZA)
20 THAT'S UP TO YOU. (NEW LINE)
(MUSIC: BUILDS TO A CURTAIN).
MILLARD BANKS.
925 AM UN 13 1944.
Unclassified
9
(MUSIC VERY LOW, GHOSTLY BUT STRANGELY POIGNANT, ESTABLISHES:)
(THEN DOWN UNDER:)
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: I'd like a word or two in this meeting.
WALTER HUSTON:
Hello, hello there, who're you?
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Me, I'm lots of people. Call me Joe.
WALTER HUSTON:
Welcome to the meeting, Joe. Stand up, we
can't see you.
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Sorry, can't stand. Besides, you wouldn't
want to see me.
I don't want to -- not now.
Maybe you've got a snapshot, look at that.
Remember something good we both enjoyed,
Something we liked together.
Remember the last time you saw me smile,
Mark where I left your life with that --
A smile.
That's how I'd like it.
WALTER HUSTON:
Who are you, Joe?
Regraded Unclassified
10
- 2 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Me? I thought I told you. Lots of people.
I mowed your lawn and jerked your sodas.
I washed your windows and soaped 'em on
Hallow'een.
And I broke one of 'em with a baseball, remember?
I sat in your classroom.
I ran the elevator in your office building.
I brought your groceries and delivered your
telegrams.
I even sang Happy Birthday To You, Happy
Birthday to you.
And I shined your shoes and once I hit you
with a snowball.
You remember me.
When you were sick I made it worse
Yelling Ollie Ollie Oxen Free out in the street.
I woke you up in the middle of the night.
That was me when I was little bawling in
the next apartment,
Or maybe that was me bawling in the next room.
If that was me you didn't mind it 80 much
Regraded Unclassified
11
- 3 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: And I don't have to remind you of anything.
(Cont'd)
You remember.
Like I say. I'm lots of people.
You out there, maybe you're my folks, or my
boss maybe.
Or my friend. Maybe you chased me out of
your front yard.
Maybe you and I were going to be married -
some day after the war.
Maybe we got married.
You may have borne my children.
Maybe I'm your father.
You out there - you're lots of people, too.
But there's something definite, specific final.
It's about me.
I'm not coming back.
Regraded Unclassified
12
- 4 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Looking for my buddies when it's over over there
(Cont'd)
They'll be back.
When the bands are playing and the bells all
ringing
You'll see them marching through the snow
of ticker tape,
Laughing and waving at the girls.
Look for them, you'll find 'em, and thank
God they're back.
Thank me, too, if you think of it.
Some of you won't think of anything else.
You out there -
What I've got to say is for you to hear.
You out there --
You --
.
You too --
Better listen.
Know who I am?
I hope I'm nobody you love.
But if I'm not yet, neither one is sure I
won't be.
Regraded Unclassified
13
- 5 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Here's a question for you:
(Cont'd)
What do you think I feel like when I hear you -
You back there --
Talking about the peace
The peace I'll never live to see?
I'll tell you how I feel about it,
I feel just fine.
Why do you think I'm staying over here?
(Slight pause)
But right now give me a minute of your time.
First of all, I want to tell you that we're
going to win this war.
Sometime it may not look that way to you.
I don't mean the war news'll be bad --
Though it may be bad.
We've got a lot of desperate men to kill,
And lots of them will do the killing
Before it's over.
What I mean is,
When I'm gone,
Regraded Unclassified
14
- 6 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: For you who love me
(Cont'd)
It may look like the war's lost, -
Just for awhile anyway.
Do this for me, don't ever believe it.
After the revolution a lot of boys didn't
get to go back home.
We won that war, all right,
And life wouldn't be worth living if they
hadn't thought enough of
Life to die for it.
I remember some of you folks saying once that
war doesn't make sense.
Making war doesn't.
You were right about that.
But we didn't make this war.
Our job is to end it, and I mean end it.
Regraded Unclassified
15
- 7 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: We're going to smash the war makers and
(Cont'd)
break them for good.
That's winning the war and that's what
we're going to do,
And that makes sense.
All the sense in the world.
I want you to hate those men who made the war.
Don't hate the war,
It's taken me away from you,
But I want you to remember all the things
they tried to take away.
More important things than me -
Not only for the world --
Important for you, too.
I want you to be sure of that.
I want those things to be more important to
you than I am
Because I want my death to mean something.
You see, there isn't anything more I can do
about it.
All I can do is die.
It's meaning something's up to you.
16
- 8 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: That's up to you.
(Cont'd)
(MUSIC: BUILDS TO A CURTAIN).
Regraded Unclassified
17
0
(MUSIC VERY LOW, GHOSTLY BUT STRANGELY POIGNANT, ESTABLISHES:)
(THEN DOWN UNDER:)
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: I'd like a word or two in this meeting.
WALTER HUSTON:
Hello, hello there, who're you?
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Me, I'm lots of people. Call me Joe.
WALTER HUSTON:
Welcome to the meeting, Joe. Stand up, we
can't see you.
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Sorry, can't stand. Besides, you wouldn't
want to see me.
I don't want to -- not now.
Maybe you've got a snapshot, look at that,
Remember something good we both enjoyed,
Something we liked together.
Remember the last time you saw me smile,
Mark where I left your life with that --
A smile.
That's how I'd like it.
WALTER HUSTON:
Who are you, Joe?
Regraded Unclassified
18
- 2
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Me? I thought I told you. Lots of people.
I mowed your lawn and jerked your sodas.
I washed your windows and soaped 'em on
Hallow'een.
And I broke one of 'em with a baseball, remember?
I sat in your classroom.
I ran the elevator in your office building.
I brought your groceries and delivered your
telegrams.
I even sang Happy Birthday To You, Happy
Birthday to you.
And I shined your shoes and once I hit you
with a snowball.
You remember me.
When you were sick I made it worse
Yelling Ollie Ollie Oxen Free out in the street.
I woke you up in the middle of the night.
That was me when I was little - bawling in
the next apartment,
Or maybe that was me bawling in the next room.
If that was me you didn't mind it 80 much
Regraded Unclassified
19
- 8 -
A YOUNG (Cont'd) MAN'S VOICE: And I don't have to remind you of anything.
You remember.
Like I say. I'm lots of people.
You out there, maybe you're my folks, or my
boss maybe.
Or my friend. Maybe you chased me out of
your front yard.
Maybe you and I were going to be married -
some day after the war.
Maybe we got married.
You may have borne my children.
Maybe I'm your father.
You out there - you're lots of people, too.
But there's something definite, specific final.
It's about me.
I'm not coming back.
Regraded Unclassified
20
- 4 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE:
Looking for my buddies when it's over over there
(Cont'd)
They'll be back.
When the bands are playing and the bells all
ringing
You'll see them marching through the snow
of ticker tape,
Laughing and waving at the girls.
Look for them, you'll find 'em, and thank
God they're back.
Thank me, too, if you think of it.
Some of you won't think of anything else.
You out there -
What I've got to say is for you to hear.
You out there --
You --
You too --
Better listen.
Know who I am?
I hope I'm nobody you love.
But if I'm not yet, neither one is sure I
won't be.
Regraded Unclassified
21
- 5 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: Here's a question for you:
(Cont'd)
What do you think I feel like when I hear you -
You back there --
Talking about the peace
The peace I'll never live to see?
I'll tell you how I feel about it,
I feel just fine.
Why do you think I'm staying over there?
(Slight pause)
But right now give me a minute of your time.
First of all, I want to tell you that we're
going to win this war.
Sometime it may not look that way to you.
I don't mean the war news'll be bad --
Though it may be bad.
We've got a lot of desperate men to kill,
And lots of them will do the killing
Before it's over.
What I mean is,
When I'm gone,
Regraded Unclassified
22
- 6 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: For you who love me
(Cont'd)
It may look like the war's lost, -
Just for awhile anyway.
Do this for me, don't ever believe it.
After the revolution a lot of boys didn't
get to go back home.
We won that war, all right,
And life wouldn't be worth living if they
hadn't thought enough of
Life to die for it.
I remember some of you folks saying once that
war doesn't make sense.
Making war doesn't.
You were right about that.
But we didn't make this war.
Our job is to end it, and I mean end it.
Regraded Unclassified
23
- 7 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: We're going to smash the war makers and
(Cont'd)
break them for good.
That's winning the war and that's what
we're going to do,
And that makes sense.
All the sense in the world.
I want you to hate those men who made the war.
Don't hate the war,
It's taken me away from you,
But I want you to remember all the things
they tried to take away.
More important things than me -
Not only for the world --
Important for you, too.
I want you to be sure of that.
I want those things to be more important to
you than I am
Because I want my death to mean something.
You see, there isn't anything more I can do
about it.
All I can do is die.
It's meaning something's up to you.
Regraded Unclassified
24
- 8 -
A YOUNG MAN'S VOICE: That's up to you.
(Cont'd)
(MUSIC: BUILDS TO A CURTAIN).
Regraded Unclassified
COMMANDANT NAVY YARD
PEARL HARBOR, T. H.
13 June 1944
The Honorable Henry Morganthau, Jr.,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Secretary:
Receipt of your letter of
5 June 1944 is acknowledged with thanks.
Parts of your letter which
refer to the credit due civilian personnel
for purchase of bonds I will use to good ef-
fect in the Fifth War Loan Campaign and in
stimulating our approaching 4th of July drive
for cash sales.
I will take great pleasure
in extending your congratulations to the War
Bond representatives (I employ many of them)
and to the Navy Yard workers.
On behalf of them and for
myself I extend to you, Mr. Secretary, our
thanks for your words of appreciation.
Very sincerely,
Rear William WILLIAM Admiral, R. Lundang U. FURLONG S. Navy
ssified
26
THE UNDER SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
WASHINGTON
June 13, 1944.
TO THE SECRETARY:
You have authorized an additional denomination $10 War
Savings Bond, Series E, (purchase price $7.50) for sale only
to personnel of the military and naval forces of the United
States. These bonds will be sold to such personnel under
such conditions as may be prescribed and through such agencies
as may be provided within their respective establishments by
the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy.
On original issue bonds of this denomination may be
registered only in the name of the person in the military
or naval forces alone, but he may add a person outside of
those services as a co-owner or a beneficiary.
At the present time the Army will confine the sale of
these bonds under an allotment scheme. They will not, there-
fore, be available at this time for cash purchase. The Navy
contends that this denomination will interfere with its present
allotment program and the plan for a July 4th campaign and
therefore it does not intend to push it until sometime later,
if at all. Under the proposed Army plan allotments can be
made immediately for the purchase of these bonds and the bonds
will be available for delivery between July 15th and August lst.
BeLL
FORVICTORY
BUY
UNITED
STATES
WAR
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
Regraded Unclassified
27
THE UNDER SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
Att
WASHINGTON
June 13, 1944.
MEMORANDUM FOR THE FILES:
Mr. Doughton called me this morning and referred to my
conversation with him a few days ago regarding a program we
are studying for post-war taxes. He said if the Treasury had
any plans for post-war taxes he would like to have them sub-
mitted to him at once. I told him we had no plans; that we
had only been studying the subject and that we hoped to con-
tinue it with the cooperation of his technical staff. He said
he was in favor of doing it on a cooperative basis and he
wondered why it was necessary for Mr. Byrnes to make his state-
ment yesterday before the Senate Committee. He is sure that his
Committee, and he did not think the Senate Finance Committee,
needed any prodding. I said I didn't know anything about
Mr. Byrnes' statement and I assumed that he was probably "on the spot"
and had to make some such statement. I said it also might be
possible he was trying to offset the activities of the Republicans
along this line.
Then I told him of our real purpose in calling him and asking
for his cooperation; I said we wanted to proceed with our study
through the summer and it would probably be late summer or early
fall before we would be prepared to come before his Committee with
any definite suggestions. I was assuming that if he appointed a
sub-committee it wouldn't want to do any work on the matter until
possibly late fall; of course if they wanted to discuss informally
from time to time the progress that the technical staffs have made,
I could see no objection to it, but our whole approach to this
problem at this time is one of study and gathering information.
He said he thoroughly agreed with our objective and he certainly
wanted it to be on a cooperative basis, and he was afraid if it
were not on that basis we wouldn't get very far in the end with
our recommendations.
He wound up by saying he would talk to Senator George again
about the matter and call me back in a day or two. It may be that
he would like to have me come up and talk to him and Senator George
about the matter. I said I would be glad to come.
FORVICTORY
swB
BUY
UNITED
STATES
WAR
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
28
VICTORY
TREASURY department
BUY
UNITED
WAR
BONDS
PROCUREMENT DIVISION
WASHINGTON 25
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR
SECRET
June 13, 1944
MEMORANDUM TO THE SECRETARY
Under the purchase program of Strategic and
Critical Materials certain nylon yarns were pur-
chased and stocked piled. Various quantities of
these yarns were diverted from the stock pile to
the United Kingdom under Lend-Lease. These yarns
were wrapped on bobbins which are known as "metal
drawtwister bobbins", with metal base and manufac-
tured from high carbon steel,
On the nylon yarns shipped to the United
Kingdom, we made arrangements with the British Raw
Materials Mission to have these bobbins returned,
after the yarn was removed, free of charge to New
York for re-use on export and domestic shipments.
To date there have been returned a total of
939,442 of these bobbins; of those returned all
were suitable for re-use with the exception of 5%.
The value of the bobbins returned and re-used is
$388,988.23.
In addition to the bobbins, arrangements have
also been made for the return of nylon waste. To
date 5,000 pounds of nylon waste valuing $2426.25
have been returned and there is en route to this
country an additional shipment of approximately
5,000 pounds.
morth
Clifton E. Mack
Director of Procurement
bro
Regraded Unclassified
29
AVICTORY
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
BUY
UNITED
STATES
WAR
SONDS
PROCUREMENT DIVISION
AND
STAMPS
WASHINGTON 25
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR
SECRET
June 13, 1944
MEMORANDUM TO THE SECRETARY:
There is submitted herewith the weekly
report of Lend-Lease purchases.
A requirement has been received under the
FEA program for 350 tons paper fruit wrap tissue
to be used in wrapping the lemon crop in Italy.
100 tons of this requirement is to be ready
for shipment on a boat sailing June 20, 1944.
Clifton E. Mack
Director of Procurement
aut
Regraded
Unclassifie
30
LEND-LEASE
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, PROCUREMENT DIVISION
SECRET
STATEMENT OF ALLOCATIONS, OBLIGATIONS (PURCHASES) AND
DELIVERIES TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AT U. S. PORTS
AS OF JUNE 7, 1944
(In Millions of Dollars)
Administrative Miscellaneous &
Total
U. K.
Russia
China
Expenses
Undistributed
Allocations
$4765.8
$2314.4
$1882.3
$133.9
$12.6
$422.6
(4765.7)
(2314.4)
(1882.3)
(133.9)
(12.6)
(422.5)
Requisitions
$ 120.4
$ 27.3
$ 47.2
$ .2
-
$ 45.7
in Purchase
( 139.8)
( 42.3)
( 43.5)
( .2)
-
( 53.8)
Requisitions not
$ 89.2
$ 30.8
$ 47.9
$ .2
-
$ 10.3
Cleared by W. P. B.
( 97.2)
( 27.3)
( 60.7)
( .2)
-
( 9.0)
Obligations
$3645.3
$1898.4
$1447.2
$ 63.0
$12.1
$224.6
(Purchases)
(3630.8)
(1894.9)
(1441.5)
( 62.9)
(11.6)
(219.9)
Deliveries to Foreign
$2094.5
$1306.1
$ 722.4
$ 23.4
-
$ 42.6
Governments at U. S.
(2071.3)
(1298.3)
( 707.6)
( 23.1)
-
( 42.3)
Ports*
*Deliveries to foreign governments at U. S. Ports do not include the tonnage that
is either in storage, "in-transit" storage, or in the port area for which actual
receipts have not been received from the foreign governments.
Note: Figures in parentheses are those shown on report of May 31, 1944.
Regraded Unclassified
AIR 18
31
BRITISH air COMMISSION
1785 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
TELEPHONE HOBART 9000
PLEASE QUOTE
REFERENCE NO
With the compliments of British Air Commission
OI
who enclose Statements Nos. 139 and 140 -
ND
Aircraft Despatched - for the weeks ended May
26th and June 2nd respectively.
The Honourable Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
Secretary of the Treasury
WASHINGTON, D. C.
June 13, 1944.
Regraded Unclassified
32
BRITISH/U. S. SECRE
STATEMENT NO. 139
Aircraft Despatched from the United States
Week Ended May 26th, 1944
ASSEMBLY
BY
BY
FLIGHT DELIVERED
TYPE
DESTINATION
POINT
SEA
AIR
FOR USE IN CANADA
CONSOLIDATED
Liberator B VI
India
India
9
Liberator B VI
M.E.
N.E.
6
Liberator GR VI
U.K.
U.K.
8
Liberator GR VI
India
India
8
Coronado GR I
Canada
Canada
1
GLENN MARTIN
Marauder III
M.R.
M.R.
2
Baltimore V
M.E.
M.R.
9
NORTH AMERICAN
Mitchell III
U.K.
U.K.
5
Harvard
M.E.
Alexandria
5
Harvard
8. Africa
Capetown
4
DOUGLAS
Boston IV
U.K.
U.K.
1
Dakota III
U.K.
U.K.
30
Dakota III
Canada
Canada
1
EING
Catalina IV B
U.K.
U.K.
2
GRUMMAN
Goose
Canada
Canada
1
NOORDUYN
Harvard
India
Karachi
60
FAIRCHILD
Cornell
India
Karachi
13
Argus
M.E.
Alexandria
3
BERCH
UC 45 Beechcraft
N.W. Africa
Casablenca
4
VULTEE
Vengeance
N.W. Africa
Casablanca
7
REPUBLIC
Thunderbolt
India
Medras
21
VOUGHT-SIKORSKY
Corsair
Coylon
Colombo
14
Total: 131
80
3
Movements Division
British Air Commission
June 2, 1944.
mmh
File V-17
Regraded Unclassified
STATEMENT NO. 140
Aircraft Despatched from the United States
BRITISH/U. S. SECRET.
Week Ended June 2nd, 1944
ASSEMBLY
BY
BY
FLIGHT DELIVERED
TYPE
DESTINATION
POINT
SEA
AIR
FOR USE IN CANADA
CONSOLIDATED
Liberator B VI
India
India
15
Liberator B VI U.K.
U.K.
2
Liberator B VI
M.E.
M.R.
14
Liberator C VII
U.K.
U.K.
1
Liberator B VI
Canada
Canada
1
Liberator GR VI U.K.
U.K.
22
Liberator GR VI India
India
4
GLENN MARTIN
Merauder III
M.R.
M.E.
2
Beltimore V
M.E.
M.P.
1
NORTH AMERICAN
chell III
U.K.
U.K.
12.
Harvard
M.E.
Alexandria
5
Harvard
New Zealand
Auckland
10
Harvard
U.K.
U.K.
3
Mustang
N.W. Africa
Casablanca
24
DUGLAS
Boston IV
U.K.
U.K.
7
Boston IV
M.E.
M.E.
4
Dakota III
U.K.
U.K.
19
BOEING
Catalina IV B
U.K.
U.K.
1
FAIRCHILD
Cornell PT-26
India
Karachi
16
Argus
India
Karachi
14
Argus
U.K.
U.K.
20
VULTEE
Vengeance
N.E.
Alexandria
3
WACO
Waco Glider
M.E. for India
Alexandria
20
NOORDUYN
Harvard
India
Kerachi
10
Harvard
U.K.
U.K.
11
REPUBLIC
Thunderbolt P-47 India
Karachi
16
BEECH
Beechcraft UC-45 India
Karachi
8
Beechcraft UU-43 U.K.
U.K.
9
- 1 -
Regraded Unclassified
34
Statement No. 140
BRITISH/U. S. SECRET
(cont'd)
ASSEMBLY
BY
BY
FLIGHT DELIVERED
TYPE
DESTINATION
POINT
SEA
ATP
FOR USE IN CANADA
CURTISS
Kittyhawk
Australia
Sydney
5
Kittyhawk
Australia
Brisbane
5
GRUMMAN
Helldiver
U.K.
U.K.
3
(Wooden Replicas)
Avenger
U.K.
U.K.
6
(Wooden Replicas)
Wildcat
U.K.
U.K.
1
VEGA
Ventura GR V
M.E.
M.E.
4
Total:
189
108
1
*Note* In Statement No. 135 Liberator B-VI to M.E. should read 12 not 11 and
Liberator B VI to India should read 12 not 13.
Movements Division
British Air Commission
June 8, 1944
mmh
File V-17
Regraded Unclassified
35
June 13, 1944
"Mr. Monnet said he had telegraphed to Mr. Mendes-France along
the following: (The rest of this message was dictated by Mr. Monnet
in Mr. White's office. It purports to be a rough translation of a
cable which Mr. Monnet sent and which I did not see.)"
That Mr. Monnet regretted deeply that the latter was not able
before the departure of General de Gaulle to London to give the
following information on the points of the conversations which were
held regarding the money in Washington.
Indeed Mr. Harry White on behalf of Mr. Morgenthau as well as
Mr. McCloy, Chairman of the Committee on Civil Affairs had expressed
to Mr. Monnet on Sunday morning their greatest anxiety about the
terms of the conversations which were carried on in London on the sub-
ject and he asked Mr. Monnet to convey this to Mr. Mendes-France.
They have declared to Mr. Monnet that the greatest part of the infor-
mation that are now being received from London were a contradiction
of the conversations Mr. Mendes-France and Mr. Monnet had had here.
He added however that Bernstein was reporting a conversation which he
had with Alphand and which again seemed to contradict the general in-
formation coming from London.
Monnet said to Mendes-France in a cable of his understanding of
this conversation and Mr. Monnet said he had no news of the conversa-
tion before the arrival of General de Gaulle and the conversation they
had had since he only knew from the newspapers. Monnet said that in
his views this situation might have the gravest of consequences. He
said that whatever be the solution which had been given to this ques-
tion it was evident that their duty was to avoid any misunderstanding
on the situation. He added that he could only see one method to this
and that was:
1. Mendes-France should go to London immediately so as to sub-
mit to General de Gaulle all the necessary information.
2. That the British Government should lift the ban on the use
of the code to permit General de Gaulle and Mendes-France and Monnet
to communicate freely.
Mr. McCloy told Monnet there was going to be a plane at the dis-
posal of Mendes-France so that he could go to London immediately if
he so decided and to talk to the British to avoid any question. Monnet
added that he was informing McReady of what was proceeding.
Regraded Unclassified
36
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION
DATE 6-13-44
TO
Secretary Morgenthau
FROM Mr. White
Hos
Highlights of a message received from Mr. Taylor in
London are as follows:
1. Invasion currency for Czechoslovakia is being
printed in Russia. Arrangements were made between the
Russian and Czechoslovak Governments. Specimen.notes
will not be sent to London for reasons of "military
security". The Czechoslovak currency which was printed
in the United Kingdom will be held for post-liberation
currency conversion.
2. The British Treasury views the Greek currency
situation as fantastic. If a rate were set today, they
feel it would be around 50,000 drachmae to the dollar.
If established two weeks hence, the rate would be closer
to 75,000 drachmae to the dollar.
3. The British are presently reviewing the United
States Government's proposal to establish a Combined
Liberated Areas Committee in Washington made up of repre-
sentatives of the civilian departments to handle financial
and civil affairs problems in liberated areas during the
post-military period. The initial reaction of the British
on the financial side is that a London counterpart of the
Committee should be formed with full inheritance rights.
Source: Telegram No. 4585, June 8, 1944, from London.
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
37
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
CONFIDENTIAL
MJB-553
For secondon reasons the
This telegram must be
text of this message must
paraphrased before beingbe clopa teds Turres 8, OF 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
agency. (SECRET-O)
JUN 9 Pitthe
Secretary of State,
COMMUNICATIONS
Washington.
4585, June 8, 6 p.m.
FOR THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY FROM PHILLIPS
FROM TAYLOR.
One. Re your 4327 of May 31 your understanding
of the nature of the Australian financial working
party is correct. The British informed us that the
party has been inactive for several weeks and has not
scheduled program at present. Copies of the minutes
of the earlier meetings will be forwarded when received
from the British. The British do not propose to dis-
cuss the question of the printing of Austrian shilling
currency with the Russians until Anglo-American agree-
ment on the financial directive for Austria is concluded.
British Treasury officials state that Austrian shilling
currency is currently being printed here,
Two. The
capies m. glassen
3r. ailms
mr. hupfond
mr. Noffmen
mu. Temlison
mr. goed
miss mikulish
Regraded Unclassified
38
-2-#4585, June 8, 6 p.m., from London
Two. The British Treasury indicates that it will
not press for immediate transference of Italian
financial problems to London for action. Meantime
British are reviewing Washington's proposal for the
establishment of a Combined Civilian Committee in
Washington similar to CCAC to deal with financial
problems of the post military period. In this regard
one of the first reactions of British on financial
side is that if Combined Civilian Committee is
established it would provide for its London counterpart
as in CCAL with full inheritance rights.
The British Treasury and War Office have been
informed of our interest in Balkans financial policies
and plans and Washington's desire for study and con-
currence before final understandings are reached. You
will be advised of the nature of the proposed financial
directives for Greece and Yugoslavia as soon as these
are received from the British. British views in
respect to the exchange rate for Greece are undergoing
marked changes. British Treasury states that if it
were necessary to establish an exchange rate for
Greece
Regraded Unclassified
39
-3-#4585, June 8, 6 p.m., from London
Greece today the rate would probably be about 200,000
drachmae to the pound but that if it were to be
established a fortnight or so hence the rate would
probably be closer to 300,000 drachmae to the pound.
British now view Greek currency situation as fantastic.
The British War Office informs us that it is
unlikely that Sir Francis Rugman will visit Washington.
Four, We have been informed that the Norwegians
have completed arrangements with the British for the
printing of a second kroner issue. In this way the
kroner surrency already printed by the British for
the Norwegians could be held intact for post liberation
currency conversion program but it would be used in
event of emergency. The new kroner will be made from
the plates of the kroner currency already prepared
in the United Kingdom. It will differ slightly in
colours; it will carry the year 1944 instead of 1942
and will bear the over print in Norwegian "qarnote".
This currency will be issued in five, ten, fifty and one
hundred kroner denominations only. It is expected that
printing will begin soon but that printing program
will not be complete until September.
Five. Czechoslovak
Regraded Unclassified
40
-4-#4585, June 8, 6 p.m., from London
Five. Czechoslovak currency printed in United
Kingdom will be held intact for post liberation currency
conversion program. The Czechs having completed
arrangements with the Russians whereby invasion currency
will be printed in Russia for the Czechoslovakian
Government. This currency will be available for Russian
Czech and other troops that may participate in the
liberation of Czechoslovakia. The currency will bear
the designations "Czechoslovak Republic" and "Czechoslovak
Treasury". The total order placed in Russia comprises
93.3 million notes of a total value of two billion
crowns. The notes will be in denominations of one, five,
twenty, one hundred, five hundred and one thousand
crowns, Specimen copies of the invasion currency
being printed in Russia will not be sent to London
for military security reasons. It is our understanding
that these notés are already being produced.
WINANT
HTM
Regraded Unclassified
41
JUN 13 1944
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
Attached hereto for your information is a cable
received from Robert Murphy indicating that arrangements
to bring refugees from Italy to Fort Ontario are going
forward rapidly.
I think that you will also be interested in the
attached editorials regarding the Emergency Refugee
Center at Fort Onterio, which appeared in the New York
Times, the New York Herald-Tribune, the Washington Post,
and the Washington Evening Star. All of the editorial
and news comment has been very favorable.
You will also be pleased to know that the British
Government has now agreed to the proposal of the War
Refugee Board that temporary havens for refugees be
established in Tripolitania. The British indicate that
the refugee center which they are prepared to establish
with our cooperation will accommodate approximately 1500
people. I think that this news is of particular signifi-
cance coming as it does at the time of your establishing
the Emergency Refugee Shelter here.
(Signed) J.W. Peble
JWP:mgt 6/12/44
Regraded Unclassified
42
C
o
P
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
Y
FROM:
American Mission, Algiers
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATE:
June 10, 1944
NUMBER: 1938
SECRET
Murphy sends following for immediate attention.
Reference 1s made herein to your June OR telegram
No. 1823.
The President should be informed that we have taken
up with FHQ the question of the shipment of about 1000
refugees. Priority of treatment is being insisted upon
by me and no special difficulty is anticipated. Informa-
tion concerning our progress will be forwarded to the
Department.
CHAPIN
Regraded Unclassified
43
The New York Times.
JUN 1 0 1944
PORT OF REFUSE
We believe that there will be prompt
and generous approval of the Presi-
dent's plan to establish at Fort Ontario,
near Oawego, & temporary haven for
refugees who may escape from the
European nations which are still under
Hitler's domination. There is nothing.
in this proposal that seeks to evade the
immigration laws or to disturb existing
quotas. It is planned to provide food
and shelter for approximately a. thou-
sand persons. This is only & tiny frac-
tion of the great mass of homeless and
helpless people, of many faiths and
many races, who have been victims of
the Nazi terror. We hope, ourselves,
that more than a mere thousand can
be sheltered under an expansion of the
present program. But neither those
who come now nor the others who may
be enabled to come later will come as
permanent residents of this country, in
excess of the immigration quotas. They
will come merely on a temporary basis
-as war prisoners come, in fact, or as
goods in crates are permitted to enter
our "free ports," without payment of
customs, if they are simply in transit
from one foreign country to another.
All that the plan involves is an over-
night shelter, so to speak, until it be-
comes possible either to return these
distressed people to their native lands
or to find permanent homes for them
elsewhere.
This is all that the plan involves, but
it is enough to be helpful. For it will
encourage other nations to take similar
steps and, to the extent that it is gen-
erally adopted, it will remove one of
the great barriers-a lack of places of
even temporary refuge-which have
been blocking the escape of Hitler's
victims. This is a work of mercy. The
President believes it important that the
United States should share in it, not
through words but through deeds.
Every warm-hearted American will
agree with him and approve his action.
The plan has nothing to do with u/1-
restricted and uncontrolled immigra-
tion. It is simply a proposal to save
the livés of Innocent neonle
Regraded Unclassified
44
NEW
YORK
Herald Tribune
Haven for Europe's Refugees
The President's press conference state-
ment on-the rescue of refugees from Nazi
Europe brings some encouraging news. The
arrangements for the transfer to a tempo-
rary haven at Fort Ontario, New York, of a
thousand refugees from overcrowded camps
in southern Italy means that this country is
undertaking at once its share of responsi-
bility for refugees' care. The fact that camps
in Italy are overcrowded means that tens of
thousands are escaping. The United Nations
Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
supplementing the President's news, reports
that since May 1 six refugee centers in the
Middle East have been housing 40,500 Greeks
and Yugoslavs, mostly women and children,
and that the number is expected to swell to
54,000 soon. These centers are to be ex-
panded and new ones built.
The President indicated that a workable
escape route is that through Yugoslavia to
Italy-1,800 came out of Yugoslavia last
week. This influx taxes facilities in southern
Italy and threatens to hamper military ac-
tivities. Other Mediterranean havens take
some, but the overflow, apparently, is great
enough to warrant the transfer of & thou-
sand immediately to this country.
The thousand will be admitted outside
the regular immigration procedure and
given haven here for the duration. "It is con-
templated that at the end of the war they
will be returned to their homelands," the
President wrote. The War Department is to
equip Fort Ontario, near Oswego, to receive
them, to arrange their transportation from
port to camp and take the necessary pre-
cautions to see that they remain in camp.
The camp will be administered by the War
Relocation Board; it will be financed with
funds pooled from various government
agencies dealing with foreign relief, supple-
mented, if necessary, from the President's
emergency funds.
This news of the escape of driven and
persecuted peoples, with its import of new
hope and new heart for thousands, is a
poignant preface to the coming liberation
of millions like them as the armies of free-
dom batter through the walls around for-
tress Europe.
Regraded Unclassified
The Washington Post
45
JUN 1 1944
Free Ports
Perhaps we have not been as selective as
we should. Stories come to one's ears from
That the President has adopted the idea,
time to time of troublemakers in our midst,
first bruited by Mr. Samuel Grafton, of "free
and one wonders how in the world they got
ports" for the detention and care of refugees
their visas. Then there is a horde of rich
from wartorn Europe is cause for gratifica-
foreign parasites in New York who are
tion. The purpose of the plan is to make it
intent only on keeping out of harm's way.
possible to grant asylum to refugees with-
In their place one would have liked to see
out admitting them to the country under the
in this country many worthy folk of pro-
immigration regulations. The analogy for
fessional and other attainments who, would
have been useful additions to the American
this procedure is the arrangement whereby
population. Many of them sought but
goods in international trade, not intended
couldn't get admission. Some of them per-
for import to this country, can be held in
force have had to work for collaborationist
storage, duty-free, until they can be trans-
governments. It is strange that we use so
shipped to their ultimate destination. But
much talent in the preclusive buying of ma-
the opening of our doors to only 1000, to be
terials and so little on the preclusive acquire-
ment of people.
put into a single camp, is a drop in the
The Gillette resolution is a belated at-
bucket compared with the needs. Senator
tempt to recognize the responsibilities and
Gillette and several like-minded Senators feel
acknowledge the sympathies of a great peo-
that we can do more. Of course we can, and
ple for the victims of furor teutonicus. The
the resolution bearing the name of the hu-
policy it seeks to promote is national. But
the opportunity is continental, and the at-
manitarian Iowan, which will come before
tempt should be made to get the other
the Senate Wednesday, will give the Sen-
republics of this hemisphere to join in
ators a chance to say so, The resolution
establishing a system of free ports for the
wouldn't involve the assumption of any re-
people who, after suffering dreadful tribula-
sponsibility that could be called a burden.
tions, are now in peril of massacre at the
hands of our bestial enemy.
In authorizing the setting up of rescue camps
where entries, selected by the War Refugee
Board, would be given temporary sanctuary,
it merely enables us to do our part, along
with other nations, in shielding a sizable
segment of humanity from the defeat-crazed
excesses of Nazi butchers.
The proudest tradition any country can
boast is that it is a haven for the oppressed
and the persecuted. Half a dozen countries
are still jealous of that honor. France was
a notable example till she was seized by the
barbarians to whose victims she used to give
such sympathetic sanctuary. Sweden and
Switzerland have construed their neutrality
as a mandate to succor the hunted from other
nations. Hungary till she was overrun was
hospitable to the Jews fleeing from Ger-
many. Our country, which has been en-
riched by the persecuted of other lands, has
done what it could within the restrictions
of the immigration statutes and has a right
to a top place among the world's anytume.
Regraded Unclassified
46
The Evening Star
JUN 1 0 1944
A Moral Responsibility
President Roosevelt's announce-
ment that 1,000 European refugees
will be granted temporary shelter
in this country will be welcomed by
all who have given any thought to
the plight of those great numbers
of people who have been uprooted
by the war and put to flight by the
Nazis. Life has dealt harshly with
these men, women and children,
and they need the support of every
nation that can serve as a haven
for them. Heretofore the United
States has limited its assistance to
diplomatic efforts to establish homes
for them in other lands; now, on
the strength of the President's de-
cision, we shall share directly in the
task of caring for them. An upused
military camp in upstate New York
will be opened for the purpose,
There, subject to essential security
restrictions, the thousand will live
for the duration, our regular immi-
gration procedure being suspended
to permit their entry, with the un-
derstanding that they will be re-
turned to their native countries
when peace is restored. In view of
the dimensions of the problem, the
number seems surprisingly small
and perhaps we shall find it desir-
able, later on, to open our doors to
many more-a gesture contemplated
by a Congressional proposal to set
up several "free ports" to accom-
modate additional thousands. In
any event, no one with the least
humanitarian impulse will question
the fitness of Mr. Roosevelt's action:
It is simply a step in recognition
of the moral responsibility which
every nation, in a position to help.
bears toward the oppressed and
stricken of the world
Regraded Unclassified
47
GARLE 20 AMBASSADOR MURPHY AND ACKERMANN. ALGIERS
?
The President yesterday delivered the following special
message to the Congress, reporting on the efforts of this Govern-
ment to resoue the Jews and other victims of enemy oppression and
specifically&saling with vi the action which he took on June 9 in
establishing an Emergency Refugee Shelter in this country:
(Here take in text of message)
You are requested to convey the contents of this
message to the Government to which you are accredited and to
use all possible means to give this meage the widest possible
publicitys particulaRy in Burope.
You should note that the President in his message states
that the refugees to be brought from Italy will be predominantly
women and children.
Foregoing repeated to Caire for MacVeagh and to Naples
for Kirk.
THIS IS web ALGIERS CABLE NO. 23
June 13g 1944
10:30 dollo
Regraded Unclassified
48
HMK-26
Algiers
Distribution of
Dated June 13, 1944
true reading only by
Rec'd 9:26 p.m.
special arrangement
(SECRET W).
Secretary of State,
Washington,
1998, June 13, 10 p.m.
FOR WAR REFUGEE BOARD FROM ACKERMANN NO. 29
Section one. Working here tentative plans
movement 1000 refugees (Reference Department's 1823
June 8.) Leaving for Italy in a few days to complete
program and for other matters. Advise urgently whether
health precautions such as inoculations are essential
and whether any documents or other formalities neces-
sary.
Section Two. Has War Department confirmed appoint-
ment (Reference Department's 1759 June 5.) No
word yet received by Army here.
CHAPIN
WSB REP
Regraded Unclassified
49
DSH-987
Stockholm
Distribution of
true reading only by
Dated June 13, 1944
special arrangement.
(SECRET-W)
Rec'd 7:50 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
2122, June 13, 3 p.m.
This is No. 29 for War Refugee Board.
SECRET
Through Legation contacts an informal memorandum was
given the Bulgarian Minister here along lines suggested
in WRB No. 12 (Department's 982, May 22, 5 p.m.). We
were advised that memorandum was being forwarded to Bul-
garian Foreign Office by courier and that reply might be
expected in due course. In meantime we have received an
informal reply from Bulgarian Minister here which states
in part substantially the following:
Bulgarian actions with respect to Jews have been en-
forced with leniency and sympathy by all of our Government
branches. It is & well known fact even among the Bulgarian
Jews that the late King Boris, as well as the head of the
Orthodox Church of Bulgaria, have made every effort to
insure that Jews were treated with compassion. This is no
less true of the general Bulgarian population which has
maintained a sympathy for Jews which even today will be
readily admitted by the Jews. It is a fact that Jews today
are living under circumstances not worse but better than
those faced by large group of Bulgarian citizens who have
been driven from their homes when they were destroyed by
American bombing and who have lost all possessions.
The Government of Bulgaria has never turned a deaf ear
to humanitarian considerations or those of tolerance. All
Bulgarians are mindful that only through moral integrity
can a small nation find strength. No less today than here-
tofore do we stand ready to give consideration to sugges-
tions for the protection of Jews and other refugee groups,
but we insist that those advancing such proposals should
themselves be in a position to show leadership in humani-
tarian principles.
The air
Regraded Unclassified
50
-2-, 2122, June 13, 3 p.m., from Stockholm.
The air forces of the United States have been engaged
in acts of great violence and cruelty against defenseless
civilian populations in Doupnitza, Vratza, Sofia, Skopie,
Velles, Plovdiv and others. A most arbitrary violence has
been done to the Chateau of Vrana where the Queen, only
recently made a widow, is residing with her two fatherless
children of seven and twelve years. The Chateau, which was
far removed from any objective of a military nature and even
far removed from other habitations, was totally destroyed.
If the people of Bulgaria can be assured that there
are people in the United States of such a character who
sincerely deplore these outrages and cruelties; if those
who control the policies of the powerful American Republic,
instead of directing threats, were to give assurances that
the destruction and violence of their military leaders
would be replaced, and that hereafter there would be no
further ruin and slaughter of an innocent civilian popu-
lation, then it may be said without question that the Govern-
ment of Bulgaria would be prepared to recognize the moral
justification and right of the United States to advance
humanitarian pleas, and the Bulgarian population would
readily welcome and approve action consistent with such
advice.
Full text of memorandum is being forwarded by des-
patch.
JOHNSON
MRM
EDA
Regraded Unclassified
51
MMS
June 13, 1044
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
7 p.m.
communicated to anyone
SECRET
other than Government
Regraded Unclassified
agency. (RESTRICTED)
AMCONSUL
NAPLES
191
The following is War Refugee Board message to Tittman
for delivery to the Cardinal Secretary of States
QUOTE We know His Holiness has been serely grieved by
the wave of hate which has engulfed Europe and the coase-
quent mass enslavement, persecution, deportation and slaughter
of helpless nen, women and children. His Heliness, we also
know, has labored uncoasingly to reinculsate a decent regard
for the dignity of me, activated by great compassion for
the sufferingsef a large portiem of mankind. The tireless
efforts of His Heliness to alleviate the lot of the perse-
cuted, the hunted and the outcast are also known to us. We
are certain His Holiness is aware of the deep feeling of
abhorrence aroused in the American people by the mass deporta-
tions, persecutions, enslavements and slaughters in the
Balkans, Czechoslevakia, France, Germany, Norway, Poland, and
elsewhere. We are confident that His Holiness is also aware
of the deep concern of the Government of the United States
relative to these reversions to usages of ancient barbarism,
and of the censtant efforts to prevent their recurrence which
it has made.
We believe it is appepriate, because of the common
concern of the Holy See and the Government and people of the
United States with such matters, to call to the Holy See's
sttention the apparently authentic reports that the present
authorities in Hungary have undertaken to persecute the
800,000 Jews in Hungary and are planning their mass slaughter
both in Hungary and after deportation to Peland merely because
they are Jews. The authorities and people of Hungary have
been warned by the Government of the United States of the
material consequences that the perpetration of such inhuman
acts of barbarism will entail. It is both timely and fitting,
we believe, that the moral values invelved and the spiritual
consequences that must flow from indulgence in the persecution
and mass murder of helpless men, wamen, and children be brought
to the attention of the Hungarian authorities and people. No
earnestly hope, therefore, that His Holiness may find it appre-
priate to express himself on this subject to the authorities
and people of Hungary, great numbers of when profess spiritual
adherence to the Hely See, personally by radie, through the
Nuncio and clergy in Hungary, as well as through a representive
of the Hely See who might, for that purpose, be specially
despatched to Hungary. UNQUOTE
HULL
6/13/44
WEB:NMV:OMH
BE
(GHW)
S/CR
52
ORIGINATED TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington
TO:
American Legation, Bern
DATED:
June 13, 1944
NUMBER: 2023
CONFIDENTIAL
FOLLOWING IS FOR McCLELLAND
Reference last paragraph your 3107, May 16.
Beard feels that the issuance of visas to children who
entered Switzerland prier to January 1, 1944, would not accemplish
the purpose for shich visas were made available since principal
notivating force behind the authorization to issue these visas
was the encouragement such authorization might give to the Swise
Government to permit accelertion of the entry of additional
children. While revising the January 1 date backward might
assure the Swiss that some refugee children new in Switzerland
would not remain there after the war, it would net fecus the
attention of the Swiss to the relationship between the
availability of American visas and the admission of additional
children.
For your information, action paralleling that taken in
this matter by the United States is being contemplated by a
number of the governments in Latin America. Board hopes in
the near future to furnish you with the details of offers from
those governments to the Swies which, it is believed, may
provide for children who entered Switzerland prier to January 1.
If, after consultation with the Minister and appropriate
Swies authorities, it appears with some clarity that the
movement of children into Switzerland would be accelerated
by issuance of visas to children who entered prier to January 1,
pb ase 80 inform the Board.
Reference Legation's 2810, May 3. Please report if Minister
Benna has received any additional information from Stucki at
Vichy regarding his efforts there.
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 39 .
HULL
Regraded Unclassified
53
COPY
ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE
452 MADISON AVENUE
June 13, 1944
NEW YORK
22
Mr. J. W. Pehle
Executive Director
W.R.B.
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Pehlet
In response to your request, I an enclosing herewith
a statement regarding the situation in Hungary. I give you
the statement with the condition that it is to be given in
full without any deletions, emissions or modifications.
And if it is to be translated into Hungarian, I wish to have
the script submitted to me for approval before it is given.
I am abliged to make this request because of some previeus
experience with some members of some departments of your
organisation.
With best wishes, I am
Very sincerly yours,
(sigged) F. J. Spellman
Archbishep of New York
Regraded Unclassified
54
Almost on the feast of Pentecest, the on which
the Church of Christ emphasises the supranational, supre-
racial character of her mission, we learned that the govern-
ment of Hungary had agreed to enforce against the Jewish
people a cede of discuminatory laws. We were teld that this
unhappy segment of Israel in Hungary is already being herded
into mysterious Ghettes after its homes and its shops had
been systematically looted and pillaged.
This announcement has shecked all men and women who
cherish a sense of justice and of human sympathy. It is a
direct contradiction of the doctrines of the Catholic Faith
professed by the vast majority of the Hungarian people. It
is a negation of the noblest pages of Hungarian history and
cultural tradition.
Through the stermy ages Hungarian Cathelics have
been motivated by the lefty principles of justice, mercy and
charity emmaciated by Our Divine Lord in the Sermen on the
Mount. This has been true whether they were attacked
centuries age by the Mengols and the Turks or even more
recently when they were bitterly persecuted by Bela Kun
and his bloody cehertsl
It seems incredible, therefore, that a nation which
has been 80 consistently true to the teachings of the
Cathelic Church should now bew to a false, pagan mysticism
of blood and race and disregard those selemn words of Peper
Pius XII "Abreham is called our patriarch, our ancester,
Anti-semition is not compatible with the sublime reality of
this text. It is a movement in which we Christians cannot
share. Spititually we are Semites."
Nearly a thousand years ago, St. Stephen, King of
Hungary, received his crown from Pepe Sylvester II. He
realized that Hungary was destined by the very exigencies
of geography to be the crossreads of Europe where diverse
racial stocks would necessarily meet and where, be was
determined, they must live and commingle harmoniously. As
he lay at the very doors of death, this Christian statesman
cautioned his sons against oppression of minerities and
against fantastic raciem in these words: "A nation of only
one custom and one language is weak and easily breken asunder."
This same saintly mational here dreamed always of
Hungary as a "regaum Marianum," as a reals of Mary. To this
day. the ceinage and the pestage stamps of the country bear
the figure of Mary, the Mether of Mankind. It would be all
the more tragic, therefore, if a people se deveted to Mary,
the Jewish Maiden who was the Mether of the Messiah, should
approve of a cauel legislation enacted for the purpose of
despeiling and annihilating the remants of the very racial
stock from
Regraded Unclassified
54
Almost on the feast of Pentecost, the day on which
the Church of Christ emphasises the supranational, supre-
racial character of her mission, we learned that the govern-
ment of Hungary had agreed to enforce against the Jewish
people a code of discuminatory laws. We were teld that this
unhappy segment of Israel in Hungary is already being herded
into mysterious Ghettes after its homes and its shops had
been systematically looted and pillaged.
This announcement has shecked all men and women who
cherish a sense of justice and of human sympathy. It is a
direct contradiction of the doctrines of the Catholic Faith
professed by the vast majority of the Hungarian people. It
is a negation of the noblest pages of Hungarian history and
cultural tradition.
Through the stormy ages Hungarian Cathelics have
been motivated by the lefty principles of justice, mercy and
charity comnciated by Our Divine Lord in the Serman on the
Mount. This has been true whether they were attacked
centuries age by the Mengols and the Turks or even more
recently when they were bitterly persecuted by Bela Kum
and his bloody cehertsl
It seems incredible, therefore, that a nation which
has been 80 consistently true to the teachings of the
Cathelic Church should now bew to a false, pagan mysticism
of blood and race and disregard those selemn words of Pepde
Pius XII "Abraham is called our patriarch, our ancester,
Anti-semition is not compatible with the sublime reality of
this text. It is a mevement in which we Christiams cannot
share. Spititually we are Semites."
Nearly a thousand years ago, St. Stephen, King of
Hungary, received his crown from Pepe Sylvester II. He
realized that Hungary was destined by the very exigencies
of geography to be the crossreads of Europe where diverse
racial stocks would necessarily meet and where, he was
determined, they must live and commingle harmonisusly. As
he lay at the very doors of death, this Christian statesman
cautioned his sons against oppression of minorities and
against fantastic racism in these words: "A nation of only
one custom and one language is weak and easily broken asunder."
This same saintly mational here dreamed always of
Hungary as a "regaum Marianum," as a reals of Mary. To this
day, the coinage and the postage stamps of the country bear
the figure of Mary, the Mether of Mankind. It would be all
the more tragic, therefore, if a people se devoted to Mary,
the Jewish Maiden who was the Mether of the Messiah, should
approve of a cruel legislation exacted for the purpose of
despoiling and annihilating the remmants of the very racial
steck from
Regraded Unclassified
55
- 2 -
stock from which Jesus and Mary sprang.
I sannot believe that a people with such profound
Christian faith, with such a glorieus history, with the
oldest parliamentary tradition on the Continent, will chant
alynn of hatred and willingly submit or countenance tyranay,
blood lust and brigandage.
No one who hates or is cruel and tyranmical can be
a faithful follower of the gentle Christ; and no nan can
love God. and hate his brother.
Regraded Unclassified
56
FBM-935
Lisbon
Distribution of true
reading only by special
Dated June 13, 1944
arrangement. (SECRET W)
Rec'd 5:20 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
1816, June 13, 4 p.m.
WRB 69. FOR LEAVITT FROM PILPEL.
At Salymayer's initiative with Jefroykin's
concurrence suggest you consult Robert de Rothschild
possibility French funds in France for postwar
repayment. Rate here now 240 per dollar.
NORWEB
REP
WSB
Regraded Unclassified
57
CORRECTION
CABLE TO AMERICAN LEGATION, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
The War Refugee Board requests that you deliver the following
message to Wilhelm Wolbe, 11 Olefsgotten Strasse, Stockholm:
QUOTE Sending you ten thousand dollars. Make supreme
effort to contact religious leaders lithuania through
Special messanger giving funds to save themselves and com-
munities. Contact Olsen American Legation. Make available
to him five thousand dollars for purpose which he can
explain. Mobilize all orthodox fordes Lehman Pinkus others.
Reply immediately in detail.
Vaad Hahatzala
Abraham Kalmanowitz UNQUOTE
For Olsen: The above is with reference to and in modification
of WRB 25 to you.
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO STOCKHOLM NO. 28
.
Originally sent
June 12, 1944
5:20 p.m.
June 13, 1944
3:10 p.m.
BAkzin:ar 6/10/44
Regraded Unclassified
58
BE-822
Stockholm
Distribution of true
reading only by special
Dated
June 13, 1944
arrangement (SECRET W)
Rec'd
11:57 a.m.
Secretary of State
Washington
2120, June 13, 2 p.m.
Owners of BARDALAND have presented a preliminary
claim of 80,000 kronor to Swedish Foreign Office
as an estimate of indemnity due them for charter
hire, seamans war bonus and war risk insurance
during period vessel was tied up at Piraeus on War
Refugee Board negotiations. This our No 30 for
WRB. Foreign Office appears to feel that settlement
by WRB would be reasonable and the problem is referred
by this Legation without recommendation or prejudice.
Foreign Office was advised that this office was
advised that original instructions of WRB contemplated
that charter and other costs of vessel would be
assumed when and if vessel arrived at Istanbul for
refugee operations.
JOHNSON
EDA EH
Regraded Unclassified
59
CABLE TO AMBASSADOR STEINHARDT, ANKARA, TURKEY, FROM THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD
Please refer to your No. 991 of June first.
Suggestion of the Secretary General of the Foreign Office appears
entirely reasonable.
The Board feels strongly that differences of opinion between private
refugee organizations must not (repeat not) in any way interfere with the
basic task of rescuing the largest possible numbers of refugees in enemy
territory. It is our earnest hope that the Embassy and Mr. Hirschmann will
be able to coordinate and supervise all rescue activities in Turkey to the
extent necessary to assure that each private refugee organization makes the
most effective contribution to the overall program avoiding unnecessary
duplication of activity, etc. Accordingly, the Board will be guided by the
recommendations of the Embassy and Mr. Hirschmann.
This is War Refugee Board Cable to Ankara No. 53.
June 13, 1944
2:10 p.m.
JBF:bbk - 6/8/44
Regraded Unclassified
60
CABLE TO AMBASSADOR STRINHANDT, ANKARA, FROM THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD
Referring to your 1010 to the Department of June 5g second
paragraph, it would seem that the problem of refugees arriving by
land at the Turkish-Bulgarian frontier is quite different from
that of refugees arriving in Turkish waters by boat from Greece or
Rumanis. The latter may leave Rumatian or Greek territory without
entering Turkish territory and consequently their departure from
Rumania and Greece onto the high seas is not subject to interference
by Turkish border guards and the disposition of their applications
for transit facilities can be handled on a group or dndividual
basis while their vessel stands safely offshore. Those who seek
to cross the Turkish-Bulgarian border, however, are subject to being
refused agrees from Bulgaria by Turkish border guards if they de
not have transit visas or other entry permite and if reports received
here are correct, this has not been an infrequent occurrence.
Befugees arriving by land at the Turkish=Dulgarian berder obviously
cannot with safety await on Bulgarian side of border outcome of
precedure which is adequate for refugees already in safe waters. For
these reasons, we suggested the possibility of making arrangements in
advance of their arrival at the border whereby refugees from Bulgaria
will be admitted into Turkey notwithstanding their lack of entry
permits. If such arrangements could be made, subject of course to
speedy reating of such refugees to stine or elsewhere, as in the
case of seasborne refugees, then refugees coming over the land rate
would be placed in a positien no less favorable than those who come
by seas
Other neutral countries adjacent to enemy-centrolled areas refrain
from barring entry of refugees notwithstanding lack of entry permits,
sometimes subjecting them to technical arrest for illegal entry. If
Turkish government would adopt similar procedure and instruct its
border guards at the Turkish=Dulgarian frontier accordingly, there is
reason to believe that additional lives could be saved especially
if knowledge reaches Jews and other persecuted peoples in the Balkanas
that they will net be turned back at the Turkish burder.
In view of the foregoing, please reconsider the conclusion
indicated by your 1010 and keep the Department and Board advised of
results.
THIS IS WRB ANKARA GABLE NO. 52.
June 13, 1944
12:30 p.m.
LSLessertals 6/12/44
Regraded Unclassified
61
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington.
TO:
American Embassy, Caracas
DATED:
June 13, 1944
NO.:
514
CONFIDENTIAL
Department's circular telegram of June 12, 6 p.m., should not
be construed as an invitation to technical specialists of Venesuela
to assist in drafting of agenda for the Monetary and Financial Confer-
once (reference your Number 605 of June 12, 1 p.m.). The message
contained in the circular telegram may be transmitted at such time as
you deem advisable.
HULL
DCR/GPW
6-17-44
ef:copy
6-20-44
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF 62
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
RA-27
Algiers
This tolegram must be
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 9:25 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington
JUN 13 1940
2001, June 13, midnight.
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
Department's circular telegram June 10, 7 p.m.
Commissariat of Finance states that informal
Atlantic City meeting June 24 will be attended by
Andre Istel as delegate and Raoul /.glion, de
Largentaye and Robert Mosse as assistants. All
are in United States except Largentaye who is en
route. Some of these officials will probably be
available for preliminary discussions by July 19.
Delegation will be under general direction of
Monnet who however will remain in Washington.
CHAPIN
REP:WSB
Regraded Unclassified
63
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
FL-752
Canberra
AND RECORDS
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 7:03 a.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF
Washington.
JUN 141944
69, June 13, 2 p.m.
COMMUNICATIONS
AND RECORDS
Department's circular telegram May 85, 3 p.m.
Formal acceptane now received,
Delegation consists of Professor Leslie G. MElville,
head of delegation; Fraderick H. Wheeler from Treasury;
Arthur H. Tange from External Affairs. THE SE will also
be designated to represent Australia at the meeting at
Atlantic City where they should arrive June 20 or 21.
At Washington they will borrow from the Australian
Legation ONE cypher clerk and one typist for the main
conference. They ask reservations at Mt. Washington
Hotel, Bratton Woods, as follows: single room for head
of delegation, double for Wheeler and Tange, single for
office and single each for clarks, last of whom could
room with counterparts from other delegations if nec-
essary.
JOHNSON
WTD
EJH
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF 64
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FMH-25
Ottawa
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
REC'd 9:20 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
washington.
JUN 14 1944
23, June 13, 6 p.m.
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS a RECORDS
REference is made to Department's circular
telegram of June 10, 7 p.m. regarding Monetary
Conference.
Canadian representatives designated to attend
informal committee meeting at Atlantic City are:
John J. Deutsch, Special war Time Assistant Department
of External Affairs; Louis Rasminsky, Executive
Director to the Governors of the Bank of Canada;
A. F. W. Plumptre, Financial Attache Canadian
Embassy at Washington; Doctor W. A. MacKintosh,
Special Assistant to the Deputy Ministry of Finance.
First three will arrive Atlantic City June 19,
MacKintosh June 24.
ATHERTON
REP NPL
Regraded Unclassified
65
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
DSH-907
San JOSE
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 4:16 p.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT AF STATE
Washington.
JUN 14 1944
NS
348, June 13, Noon.
IND RECORDS
REference airgram A-357 of June 2, 8:55 a.m. Embassy
understands that Costa Rican delagation to Monttary Con-
ference will be composed of Ambassador Gutierrez Ross,
Ramon Madrigal now in the United States and Luis Demetriosy
who wishes to leave here about June 24. Official confir-
mation EXPECTED today or tomorrow. What daily rate will
Mount Washington Hotel charge.
DES PORTES
HTM
66
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
LFG-67
Habana
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyont
other than a Government
Rec'd 10:36 p.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington.
JUN 1 4 1944
COMMUNICATIONS
574, June 13, 7 p.m.
& OF RECORDS
Department's circular telegrams May 25 and June 3
ragarding United Nations Monstary and Financial Conference.
The Ministry of State indicates verbally that the
following will probably compose the Cuban Delegation:
Dr. Eduardo Montoulitu, Minister of Finance, head
of the delagation with Drs. Garcia Montes and Ramiro
Guerra as delegates and the following as technical
advisers: Miguel Pirez; Eduardo Durruthy; Calixto
Montoulisu, all of the Ministry of Finance; Manuel
Menocal, Professor of Fiscal Law, Habana University;
Luis Machado (acting as representative for President
eloct Grau) and Dr. Folipe Pazos, Commercial Attache
of the Cuban Embassy in Washington. Irving Gordon of
that Embassy will act as private secretary to Dr.
Montoulicu.
The Ministry hopos to confirm these namos shortly.
BRADEN
WSB REP
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
N
INCOMING
DIVISION OF 67
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FMH-800
Cairo
This telegram mustnbe
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 10:40 a.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
Washington.
MOST IMMEDIATE
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
D ON OF
US URGENT
JUN
SNOULD
GREEK
Allu RECORDS
189, June 13, 4 p.m.
Please Expedite visa authorization and instructions
regarding air priority for Argyropoulos requested in
my 182, Greek June 6, 11 a.m.
MACVEAGH
Monatary Conference
WSB NPL
Regraded Unclassified
68
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FBM-853
Port au Prince
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 12:42 p.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Secretary of State,
JUN 1 4 1944
Washington.
NS
AND MECORDS
178, June 13, 9 a.m.
No formal reply yet received from Foreign Office
relative to composition and requirements of Haitian
Delegation (Departments circular telegram of June 3,
6 p.m.) but Minister of Finance informed ME orally
that Haitian Ambassador at Washington would act as
chief delegate and any inquires concerning his needs
should bE addressed to him.
WILSON
EDA
MEV
Unclassifiel
69
DEPARTMENT
VIA OUTGOING
DIVISION OF
OF This tele from must
DE
June 15,ICOMMUNICATIONS
STATE
paraphrased before ELEGRAM
communicated to nyone
7 p.m.
AND RECORDS
other than a Government
agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF
JUN 15 1944
U. S. URGENT
AMERICAN MISSION
COMMUNICATIONS
AND RECORDS
NEW DELHI
424
You report that Sir Theodore Gregory will attend
meeting at Atlantic City beginning July 24 and that he
1s leaving Karachi July 15. Referring to your telegram
430 June 12, 2 p.m., these dates you mention are
apparently incorrect since the conference at Bretton Woods
begins July 1 and the meeting at Atlantic City begins
on June 24.
HULL
(JPY)
FMAtJPY:VMC
6/13/44
BC
ME
S/CR
Regraded Unclassified
DIVISION OF 70
DEPARTMENT
OUTGOING
COMMUNICATIONS
OF
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
STATE
LIS
June 13,1944
This telegram must be
paraphrt sed before bEing
7 p.m.
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DIVISION OF
JUN 15 1944
AMLEGATION
COMMUNICATIONS
PRETORIA
AND RECORDS
73
With reference to your 69 June 76 p.m. the
information requested by Mr. Hofmeyr has been given
to Dr. Naude attache of the Union of South Africa
legation in Washington.
HULL
800.515/1167
F A:JPY:VMC
6/13/44
S/CR
1.
7
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Embassy, Moseow
Regraded Unclassified
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 13, 1944
NUMBER:
2115
CONFIDENTIAL
Reference is made here with to the Department's circular
telegram of 6 p.m., June/3, 1944.
The following is the substance of a note dated June 13
which the Embassy received from the Foreign office:
One. Six delegates, three experts, ten technical assist-
ants (including five women), and five interpreters, make up the
Soviet delegation to the Monetery and Financial Conference and
about six offices will be required for the delegation.
Two. On June 15 nine persons are scheduled to depart by
plane from Moseow for the conference and to arrive at Fairbanks
between the 20th and 23rd of June. A request is made that the
necessary arrangements be made for their onward passage on an
American plane from Fairbanks to Washington. The balance of
the delegation will be designated from among employees of
Soviet agencies in New York and Washington.
Three. The following is the composition of the Soviet
delegation: Head of the Soviet delegation will be M. s.
Stepanov, Vice Peoples Commiser for Foreign Trade of the USSR.
A. P. Morexov, Chief of the Foreign Exchange Administration of
the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade, member of the
Collegium
72
+
- Collegium of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade of
the USSR, member of the delegation. P. 4. Maletin, Vice People's
Commisser for Finance of the USSR, member of the delegation.
I. D. Klobin, head of the Foreign Exchange Administration of the
Peoples' Commisseriat for Finance of the USSR, member of the
delegation. A. A. Arutyunyan, Professor, Doctor of Economic
Science, expert consultant of the Peoples Commisseriat for
Foreign Affairs, member of the delegation. N. F. Chechulin,
Vice Chairman of the Directorate of the State Bank of the USSR,
member of the delegation.
Four. The following are the delegation's experts: A. M.
Smirnov, Professor, expert of the USSR. M. M. Dashkin, expert
of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade of the USSR.
F. P. Bystrov, Professor, assistant of the Soviet Purchasing
Commission in Washington.
Clerical personnel listed below proceed from Moseow: N. I.
Kumminski, Interpreter. M. M. Chibisov, assisstnt to the head
of the Soviet delegation. I. K. Sevostyanova, Secretary Steno-
grapher.
HARRIMAN
Regraded Unclassified
73
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
E0C-866
PLAIN
London
Dated June 13, 1944
Rec'd 1:59 p.m.
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington.
JUN 14 1944
4719, thirteenth
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
FOR STATE AND TREASURY DEPARTMENTS FROM CASADAY
REference Embassy's 4587 and 4602, June 8.
Mr. Brooks of U.K. Treasury advises us of the
following additions to the staff of British Delagation
to the conference:
Mr. John Russell, now with the Foreign Office in
Washington.
Miss Macy, stenographic assistant, also from
Washington.
Mr. Brooks, àlso asked about banking facilities.
at Brattonwoods and certain other items which I under-
stand hE will take up with you through British Treasury's
Washington representative.
WINANT
RR
Regraded Unclassified
74
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
RA-854
Caracas
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
Dated June 13, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Governmer ARTMENT OF Rec'd STATE 1:15 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED) DIVISION OF
8 194
Secretary of State
COMMUNICATIONS
Washington
AND RECORDS
US URGENT
611, June 13, 11 a.m.
Since the composition of the Venezuelan delega-
tion to Bretton Woods conference has not yet been
decided upon the information requested in second
paragraph of circular telegram June 3, 6 p.m., is
not yet available. Foreign Office is aware of
urgency and states that this information will be
furnished before the end of this week..
CORRIGAN
WSB:BB
Regraded Unclassified
75
SECRET
COPY NO. n
NOT TO BE RETRANSMITTED
OPTEL NO. 194.
Information received up to 10.a.m. 13th June, 1944.
1. NAVAL.
Normandy. On 12th rate of discharge improved
on
all
beaches. Allied warships continue to give
supporting fire. Less E-boat activity on 11th/12th.
U.S. destroyer was torpedoed yesterday but towed to port.
One U.S. tank landing ship sunk by mine 11th. A 7,200
ton U.S. vessel in convoy seriously damaged in assault
area by aircraft on 10th. U.S. destroyers operating
with a U.S. escort carrier sank a U-boat in Azores
area yesterday: 61 prisoners taken.
2. MILITARY.
Normandy. Apart from capture of Carentan by
U.S. troops there has been little change. In U.S.
Sector further small advances have been made and firm
contact established between U.S. and British armies at
Labutte, four miles East Ballerov. British Army has
been engaged in heavy fighting against German armour
particularly in area Tilly Sur Seulles.
Italy. In Adriatic Sector our leading elements
are now ten miles beyond Pescara and our patrols have
passed through Sulmona to Pratola and Popoli both clear
of enemy. Only minor advances by 8th Army but French
have worked their way rather more than half way along
each side of Lake Bolsena. U.S. troops are meeting
resistance east of Orbetello.
Burma, N.N.W. of Imphal an Indian infantry
brigade has advanced about 10 miles and is now about 22
miles from Imphal. They and the brigade on their right
have had several engagements with enemy elements who
were last reported digging in about 13 miles N.E. Impha.
3. AIR OPERATIONS.
Western Front. 11th/12th. 557 tons on Evreux
Railway centre, 224 Massy/Palaiseau Railway bridge.
205 Nantes Railway junction, 207 Tours railway junction
and 52 Berlin.
12th. More than 6,770 offensive and escort sorties
flown. Heavy bombers dropped total 1.992 tons on 17
airfields N E. France, 530 on five railway bridges
N.W. France and 311 on other objectives. Medium,
11:31
and fighter bombers dropped 1,301 tons and fired 977
rockets at communications and military targets in and
around the battle area. 709 fighters flew bridgehead
patrols. Enemy casualties 40;3:11 in the air and 20
destroyed on the ground for loss of nine heavy bombers.
one medium and 32 fighter bombers and fighters.
12th/13th. 1,181 aircraft despatched:
Gelsenkirchen synthetic oil plant 294 - 17 missing,
excellent attack; Amiens, St. Roch railway junction
112 - 4 missing; Amiens, Longueau goods yards 113 -
4 missing, Caen River bridge 118; Poitiers railway
station 116; Cambrai railway crossing 105 - 8 missing;
Arras station area 107 - 6 missing; Cologne 27;
Intruders 125 - 1 missing, 10 enemy aircraft destroyed;
other tasks 64, preliminary reports indicate clear
weather all railway targets with good and concentrated
bombing except Cambrai where bombing somewhat scattered
Regraded Unclassified
76
at first but improved later.
Italy. 11th. 234 fighter bombers destroyed 53 motor
vehicles and damaged 37 in Central Italy.
12th. All air operations cancelled owing to weather.
Regraded Unclassified
6/14/44
77
Reading copy of Secretary's speech
nd text of script of program from Holly-
ood Bowl, Los Angeles, Calif.
Las Los A - 4-
1. 78
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, WE HEAR A LOT THESE DAYS
ABOUT "RECONVERSION." AND THAIS AN IMPORTANT
QUESTION, BUT RIGHT NOW THE URGENT NEED IS FOR
STEPPING UP THE WAR EFFORT -, FOR INCREASED WAR
PRODUCTION. WE READ ABOUT "RETRENCHMENT" AND
"CUT-BACKS", BUT GENERAL MARSHALL, OUR CHIEF OF
STAFF, WANTS ME TO TELL YOU THAT WE MUST OPEN
UP NEW FACTORIES IMMEDIATELY BECAUSE PRESENT
FACILITIES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SOME TYPES OF
EQUIPMENT AREN'T MEETING OUR DEMANDS.
OUR NEW OFFENSIVE IN EUROPE IS DEVOURING THE
MATERIALS OF WAR -- MANY OF THESE MATERIALS
WILL BE USED UP FASTER THAN WE CAN PRODUCE THEM
ON OUR PRESENT SCHEDULE. THAT DOESN'T SPELL
"CUT-BACKS" OR "RECONVERSION": IT CALLS FOR
more
MORE PRODUCTION. AND THAT CALLS FOR MONEY --
MORE MONEY THAN WE'VE EVER NEEDED BEFORE.
WAR IS EXPENSIVE - TERRIBLY EXPENSIVE, AND IT'S
GROWING MORE so. WE SPENT MORE MONEY ON THE WAR
IN MAY THAN WE DID IN ANY PREVIOUS MONTH.
Pause
HERE ARE SOME FACTS AND FIGURES: TANKS FOR
INSTANCE: IN A SINGLE DAY'S BATTLE WITH THE
Regraded Unclassified
2.
79
GERMAN ARMY OUR LOSS IN TANKS HAS BEEN FOUR
MILLION DOLLARS. THERE IS NO WAY OF GUESSING
WHAT OUR LOSS IN TANKS WILL BE BEFORE WE
REACH BERLIN.
Pause
AIR BORNE DIVISIONS ARE COMPLETELY RE-EQU IPPED
AFTER EVERY COMBAT ASSIGNMENT -- THAT COSTS
SEVEN MILLION DOLLARS -- JUST FOR ONE DIVISION
-- IT DOES NOT INCLUDE GLIDERS AND TRANSPORT
PLANES WHICH MAY HAVE TO BE REPLACED AS WELL.
INFANTRY DIVISIONS ARE ALSO RE-EQUIPPED
COMPLETELY AFTER EVERY INTENSE CAMPAIGN --
THAT COSTS ELEVEN MILLION DOLLARS.
WE WILL SPEND AT LEAST THIRTY EIGHT MILLIONS
THIS YEAR FOR STEEL LANDING MATS ALONE - AND
ONLY ON THE CONTINENT OF EUROPE.
THESE ARE JUST ITEMS, BUT YOU CAN JUDGE FROM
THEM HOW THE COSTS OF WAR MOUNT UP AND WHY THE
FIFTH WAR LOAN DRIVE IS ASKING YOU TO LEND
YOUR GOVERNMENT SIXTEEN BILLION DOLLARS.
80
3.
Pause
I'VE BEEN SPEA ING OF THE COST OF WAR ONLY IN
TERMS OF MONEY. NOBODY KNOWS HOW MANY AMERICAN
LIVES WILL BE SPENT ON IT. AS FEW AS POSSIBLE,
YOU CAN BE SURE OF THAT. BUT YOU CAN BE SURE OF
THIS, TOO: NO MATTER HOW SUCCESSFUL WE ARE, A
LOT OF MEN AREN'T COMING HOME.
IT'S FOUR THOUSAND MILES FROM HERE TO THE NEAREST
PLACE WHERE OUR MEN ARE FIGHTING FOR US. MILE BY
MILE, MAN FOR MAN, THEIR DEATHS WILL SHORTEN
THAT DISTANCE FOR US HERE AT HOME. I KNOW THIS
ISN'T PLEASANT TALK, BUT IT'S PLAIN TALK. AND
THIS IS A TIME FOR PLAIN TALK.
TONIGHT YOUR BOY IS IN THE PRESENCE OF THE
TERRIBLE REALITY OF BULLETS -- HE DESERVES
PLAIN TALK. WE MUSTN'T BE AFRAID TO THINK OF
WHAT HE FACES AND OUR THINKING MUST BE WORTHY
OF HIS COURAGE. LIFE, THE WAY IT IS HERE IN
AMERICA -- THE WAY IT'S GOING TO BE -- IS VERY
PRECIOUS TO YOUR BOY. IT'S SO VERY PRECIOUS TO
HIM -- SO VALUABLE -- THAT HE'S WILLING TO DIE
FOR IT.
IF HE SHOULD DIE --
-- WE MUST BE
WORTHY OF HIS DEATH.
Regraded Unclassified
81
4.
AND THIS IS JUST AS IMPORTANT: IF HE LIVES,
WE MUST BE WORTHY OF HIS WILLINGNESS TO DIE.
THIS IS OUR WAR - YOURS AND MINE.
WE ARE ALL GUARDIANS. WE MUST KEEP INTACT
WHAT HE DEFENDS. WE ARE ALL ARCHITECTS. WE
MUST HELP BUILD WHAT HE'S FIGHTING FOR. WE
ARE ALL SOLDIERS ALL IN THE SAME WAR --
ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF IT -- AND BECAUSE WE'RE
ALL IN TT TOGETHER -- IT'S THE WINNING SIDE.
Pause
VICTORY ISN'T SOMETHING OUR MEN ARE GOING TO
BRING HOME TO US -- A PRESENT FROM OVERSEAS.
VICTORY DOESN'T COME FREE. OUR FIGHTING MEN ARE
and
PAYING FOR IT. SO MUST WE.
À
CUE IN MUSIC
Regraded Unclassified
82
"BALANCE SHEET"
("HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM")
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 14, 1944
Regraded Unclassified
HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM -1-
6/14/44
1 MARCH:
My name is Fredric March. I am speaking from the
Hollywood Bowl, in California.
This is the Eighth day after Invasion. The excitement of
that day has eased off, but not the fighting. The chances
are a thousand young men will have died for you and
me in the course of the next half hour.
The chances are you want to help the fight as much as
you can.
That, more or less, is what this program 1s about.
2 MUSIC:
(INTRODUCTORY CUE)
3 MARCH:
You're not going to forget that day as long as you live.
Even kids too young to understand what's going on,
noticed something special about it
4 CHILD:
Why is everything so different today? Why does everyone
look so worried?
5 MARCH:
Well, it was a day to explain to little children. It was
a day for History: A day for the people of the earth by
their hundreds of millions; a day for us to run up high
on the flag pole of our hearts. Some rejoiced; some
prayed; some went back to work harder at their jobs;
but there were some who didn't like it; some who took it
easy; some who didn't especially care.
Do you remember what you were doing on that day?
It wasn't so long ago. Take & look around and see if
anything here bears a resemblance to what you were doing
a week ago yesterday. What side of the ledger were you
on? We know what side the boys were on -- that's all very
clear; but sometimes, this far away from the fighting, it
gets a little hazy.
All right, let's look around the states on D-Day. Let's
take a sort of inventory of ourselves; draw up a balance sheet.
6 MUSIC:
(A QUIET THEME. REFLECTIVE & WITH A RELIGIOUS CAST. DOWNFOR)
84
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -2-
6/14/44
7 MARCH:
(FADE IN) Well, for one thing, we prayed.
8 SOUND:
IF NECESSARY: BELLS, CHURCH BELLS, TOLLING OFF MIKE
9 CAST:
(IN BAD UNISON) Pater noster, qui es in caelis,
sanctificetur nomen tuum: adveniam regnum tuum;
fiat voluntas tua sicut in cae10 (FADE AND
CARRY UNDER:) et in terra. Panem nostrum quotidianum
da nobis hodie: et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
sicut et nos,..
10 MARCH:
In the Latin-American quarter of Corpus Christi, Texas,
mothers and fathers of fifty service men humbled
themselves moving two blocks on a rough road to their
church, on their hands and knees, to offer prayers for
the safety of their soldier sons.
11 SOUND:
IF BELLS WERE USED THEY SHOULD BE OUT NOW.
12 MARCH:
It was not yet dawn in New York City when a
taxicab driver pulled up by the Eternal Light,
memorial to New York City's dead of an eariier war.
The cab driver walked slowly up to the two people
who were aiready standing, silent, by the memorial.
13 HACKIE:
Everybody's asieep. Over there there's a 1ot of men
now dead, who were alive, one or two hours ago. But here
everybody's asleep. You want to pray with me?
14 MARCH:
Out of A11 Saints Church in Atlanta came an
e1der1y woman:
15 WOMAN:
Of course I'm excited about the landing. But then again
I know my son is in it, and I fee1 a little 1ow.
Regraded Unclassified
85
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -3-
6/14/44
16 MARCH:
we prayed.
Over our heads and in the air the beils to11ed
slowiy: in our hearts and in our minds we repeated the
words: familiar words, we11-worn with use, or perhaps
rusty and only haif-remembered.
We prayed.
17 VOICE:
Lead them straight and true; give strength to their
arms, stoutness to their hearts, steadfastness to their
faith.
18 MARCH:
In Baitimore, in the hiring ha11 of the
National Maritime Union, the port agent and a ship's
delegate are reading the fresh black headiines
and the late builetins on the front page of
the Baltimore Sun:
19 AGENT:
Nothing new. Heard a11 this on the radio three hours
ago.
20 DELEGATE: Wonder how many of our guys are over there right now.
21 AGENT:
Never mind that. How many of our guys are in the ha11?
Sixty? Seventy? And how many on the beach?
22 DELEGATE: Must be at 1east a coupie of hundred in port. Three
Liberties and a tanker came in yesterday
23 AGENT:
Give a message to Harry, and have him announce it over
his 1oudspeaker. A11 shore 1eaves cancelled. Te11 him
to te11 the guys sto spread the word around. I'11 ca11
the radio station, and see if they'11 announce it. We
want to make sure that every seaman in the
Baitimore-Wiimington area is ready to get his ship
moving as soon as it's needed.
24 MUSIC:
(A BRIDGE)
Regraded Unclassified
86
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -3-A-
6/14/44
24a MUSIC:
(UP AND DOWN)
24b MARCH:
We11, and it was on this same day, in Washington,
that a witness at the sedition trial was telling
a jury of tweive Americans that one of the defendants
at the trial, 1ady by the name of
Lois de Lafayette Washburn, once announced to a
German-American bund meeting in Chicago that:
24c WASHBURN: Germany gave a good example of how to handie Jewish
affairs!
24d MUSIC:
(UP DISAGREEABLY AND OUT:)
Unclassified
87
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"-4-
6/14/44
25 MARCH:
While in Chicago, it being a nice day, a disappointed
fan was overheard earnestiy discussing the situation with
another:
26 FAN:
They've cance11ed the races and there's no ba11 game
today. Fine thing!
27 2ND FAN:
what'11 we do?
28 FIRST FAN: Well, let's take in a movie.
29 MARCH:
Whereas across the Jersey meadows a train from Washington
rolled north to New York and on it, in one of the
coaches, some passengers formed a committee to ask
a minister who was sitting among them if he would
1ead them in prayer:
30 TWO:
We wondered if you might be prevailed on, sir, to..
31 MINISTER:
Why, I..
32 TWO:
I think you'11 find that everyone in the whole coach
wants to join in...
33 THREE:
I overheard these gentiemen, sir. I agree with them..
34 FOUR:
(A WOMAN) I know we'd a11 fee1 better for a prayer,
Reverend.
35 ONE:
There's one prayer everybody'11 know...
36 MINISTER: Of course. (PAUSE. UP) (THE MINISTER BEGINS ALONE:
ONE AND TWO JOIN HIM ALMOST IMMEDIATELY: OTHERS
IN THE CAST JOIN IN) Our Father, which art in heaven,
hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come, thy will be
done; on earth as it is in heaven.
37 MUSIC:
(THE MUSIC SWELLS UP)
38 MINISTER: Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our
trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us...
39 MUSIC:
(UP AND OVER AND OUT:)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -5-
6/14/44
88
40 MARCH:
On another train, same day, same country, a salesman
in a great hurry to close a deal in Kanaas City by
next Tuesday negotiated with a conductor:
41 SALESMAN: How are chances of getting a seat on this train?
42 CONDUCTOR: Sorry. Nothing available.
43 SALESMAN: Look. Here's ten bucks. See what you can do.
44 MARCH:
We don't know whether he got that compartment or
not, but if he did, the chances are that some
soldier with a week's furiough ahead of him 10st a day
of that furiough. (PAUSE)
A11 right. Take a 100k inside the plant of the
Bridgeport Brass Company where the day shift has just
reported for work. Seems the word's gone down the
1ine that something has happened to the
foreman's family:
45 SOUND:
BACKGROUND WALLA AND GENERAL INDUSTRIAL EFFECTS OFF
MIKE
46 ONE:
(A WOMAN) (BRIDGEPORT) Did you hear?
47 TWO:
(MAN) What?
48 ONE:
The foreman's boy
49 TWO:
Time? What about him?
50 ONE:
Look. Here. It's in the papers.
51 TWO:
He must have been notified
52 THREE:
He hasn't said anything about it.
He's just doing his work
53 ONE:
Tim was a nice boy...
54 THREE:
We had an idea
55 TWO:
What?
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -6-
89
6/14/44
56 THREE:
The War Bond Drive, If we were to dedicate this
Department's quota to Time..
57 ONE:
I'LL get the shop steward. We'11 have it piedged by
the end of the shift.
58 MUSIC:
(IN AND UNDER FOR:)
59 MARCH:
The post-script to that scene, Americans, is that
the men and women of that department of Bridgeport Brass
over-subscribed their quota by one hundred and
fifty-nine percent, on the Day.
60 MUSIC:
(PUNCTUATE)
61 MARCH:
On the same day not far from Bridgeport, in'
the city of New Haven, Connecticut, a reporter called
his paper with a big story:
62 REPORTER: He110? Okay, give me the rewrite man, will you?
(PAUSE) Look, Joe, here's the dope: Seems they deputize
thirty agents of the OPA as U.S. Marshalls,
Got that? They assigned a State police officer to
accompany each one. (PAUSE) Then they sent them on
raid. Now get this: They arrested fifty people.
Fifty. Five-o. Wait a minute. Take it easy.
I'm getting to that -- they were pinched for
printing counterfeit gas coupons. They got
forty two thousand in one place. Forty two --
and that made the total hau1 for one night more than
two hundred thousand gas coupons, stolen or
counterfeit. Got that, Joe? Okay, I'm following it.
I'11 ca11 you back when I get some more dope.
63 MUSIC:
(UP AND DOWN:)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
-7-
6/14/44
90
MARCH:
And in the forty-eight hours after H-Hour, we flew
twenty-two thousand sorties; eight million gallons of
gas we used in our pianes.
MUSIC:
(A
BRIDGE.
CARRY UNDER FOR:)
MARCH:
Credits and debits, debits and credits. Swing
in a wide arc from New Haven, Connecticut, to
Birmingham, Alabama and dissolve through six doors
into the private office of the president of a 1arge
industria1 concern..
PRESIDENT: Miss Sawyer, I want you to cance1 out everything on
the schedule today which doesn't bear .rdirectly on
production.
GIRL:
But what about your Luncheon date?
PRESIDENT: Cance1 that. Cance1 everything. Send in 1unch.
Clear the calendar for the rest of the week.
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -8-
91
6/14/44
MARCH:
Near Detroit, two officials of the Ford Local of the
United Automobile Workers were in their office at
local headquarters early on the morning of the Day.
ONE:
This is it, all right. D-Day.
TWO:
Hey, you know, I never did know what that D stood for.
ONE:
D? It just stands for Day, Like H stands for Hour.
TWO:
Yeah? Well, from now on, in our plants, that D's
going to stand for Double.
ONE:
Hey -- swell! Make a big poster -- D-Day means
Double!
MUSIC:
(A BRIDGE)
MARCH:
On the Atlantic Coast, aircraft workers heard
bulletins on the invasion over public-address
systems in their plants. And late on the night
of the day an executive of the association of
aircraft manufacturers in the east came wonderingly
into his office.
EXEC:
I can't understand it. I just can't understand it.
SEC'Y:
What's that, sir?
EXEC:
I don't know. I can understand it, I guess; but
it happened so quickly. And with such a bang!
SEC'Y:
What are you talking about, Mr. Randolph?
EXEC:
We've just gotten complete reports on production for
the last twelve hours from every plant in the area.
SEC'Y:
And?
EXEC:
It's up sixteen per cent. Just like that.
MUSIC:
(A BRIDGE)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -8-A-
6/14/44
MARCH:
Yes, and on the other side of the world, beyond the
sound of the guns in France, there were men. who 4
read the news on the Day impertubbably; No
emotion showed on their unlined, smooth-shaven faces.
They climbed from the passenger pianes in Berne,
in Switzeriand, the carefully neutral littie
country in the heart of Hitier-dominated Europe.
They had airrived to meet with their partners:
business partners: Right now this war is rather a
nuisance to these men: trade conditions are 80
unsettied: in a11 it would be vastiy preferable to tb
if the ministers and statesmen could only be convinced
that things may be 'realistically' settied around a
table!
MUSIC:
(PUNCTUATE)
MARCH:
Maybe, in the days and weeks that follow, you will
hear from these unruffied partners. Their
memoranda will be impiemented in some newspapers:
peace -- any peace -- negotiated peace? Why not? So
preferable to this costiy confiict ... don't you too
think? Of course. Of course. They will be in touch
with you, mothers of sons. Their memorandum will be
addressed to you, wives of husbands.
MUSIC:
(UP AND OUT:)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -9- 93
6/14/44
MARCH:
Well, and on the Day, women went to Recruiting offices
that needed them: There's a loneliness in doing
nothing, when the others are doing much. In New York,
Mrs. Alma Cole had made up her mind to go shopping:
But there was a sign on the door of the Fifth Avenue
store:
MRS. COLE: "This is D-Day," it said. I went to lunch, and
I thought and thought...My son who was in England
yesterday...Well, and so then I came here to the
WAC Recruiting Office.
MUSIC:
(PUNCTUATE)
MARCH:
A place for the women, in this man's war. At least
for some of the women. Of course, there were others.
The one in Mount Clemens, Michigan, who dropped in
to her local newspaper office:
REPORTER: But, Madam, the invasion has already started.
This is D-Day.
WOMAN:
Yes, I know that. Don't you think I know that?
What I want to know about is V-Day. Haven't we
won yet?"
MUSIC:
(UP AND OUT)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -10- 94
6/14/44
MARCH:
Well, it was quite a day.
The little township, of Port Austin, Michigan,
population seven hundred and ninety-eight, bought
out its entire Fifth War Loan Drive quota in
twenty-four hours. Twenty-nine thousand, four
hundred dollars. Average of about thirty-seven
dollars apiece.
In New York City the liner Girpsholm brought back a
shipload of American expatriates and half-a-hundred
American GI's, wounded, evacuated by exchange from
German prison camps. With the back pay they were
given, the crippled soldiers who had just heard
about the Invasion bought more than four thousand
dollars worth of war bonds as they stepped off the
ship.
But we must remember to enter on the balance sheet
the habits a few of us carried over into the days
that followed the invasion. For it was on the day
after the Day that some thousands of us went out to
half a dozen race tracks, and wagered better than
four million dollars on some horses named variously
Zigzag, Service Ribbon, Topsy Sue, Hindu Kush,
Little Patsy, and Jellybean.
SOUND:
CHEERING AS AT A HORSE RACE: HOLD FOR FIVE SECONDS
Regraded Unclassified
95
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -11-
6/14/44
MARCH:
(AS CHEERING FADES AWAY) Meanwhile the big V gamb 10
with the greatest states of a11, was going on
between Cherbourg and Le Havre; the four
horsemen in the highest sweepstakes were thundering
over Europe and Asia, and hurdiing the oceans in
colossa1 strides; Four million dollars on the
pari-mutueis, four million men on the biood-soa ked
fieids..,It was not to 1augh, 1adies and gentiemen...
At an airfield near Van Nuys, California, a man
who had travelled tens of thousands of miles entertainin
American troops overseas, 10oked at a clock on a wall,
and then toward the window of an improvised control room,
and after a moment there was a signal, and he stepped
to a microphone and said:
Regraded Unclassified
96
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
(BOB HOPE)
-12-
6/14/44
HOPE:
This is Bob Hope speaking from a P-38 air raid field near
Van Nuys, California. We've looked forward to being with
these men and doing our regular job here, but, of course,
nobody feels like getting up and being funny on a night
like this. But we did want to go through with our plans
and visit with these fellows because these are the same
kind of boys that are flying those 11,000 planes in our
big effort. What's happened during these last few hours
not one of us will ever forget. How could we forget? You
sat up all night by the radio and heard the bulletins, the
flashes, the voices coming from England -- the commentators
-- the pilots returning from their greatest of all
missions -- newsboys yelling on the streets -- and it
seemed that one world was ending and a new world beginning
-- that history was closing one book and opening a new one
and somehow we knew it had to be a better one. You sat
there and dawn began to sneak in and you thought of the
hundreds of thousands of kids you'd seen in camps the past
two or three years -- the kids who scream and whistle when
they hear a gag and a song. And now you could see all of
them again -- in 4,000 ships on the English Channel --
tumbling out of thousands of planes over Normandie and the
occupied coast -- in countless landing barges crashing the
Nazi gate and going on through to do the job that's the Job
of all of us. The sun came up and you sat there looking
(CONTINUED)
Regraded Unclassified
97
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
(BOB HOPE) -13-
6/14/44
HOPE:
at that huge black headline -- that one great black word
(Cont'd)
with the exclamation point, "INVASION", the one word that
the whole world has waited for, that all of us have
worked for. We knew we'd wake up one morning and have to
meet it face to face, the word in which America has investe
everything these thirty long months, the effort of
millions of Americans building planes and weapons -- the
shipyards and the men who take the ships across -- little
kids buying war stamps and housewives straining bacon
grease -- farmers working 'round the clock -- millions
of young men sweating it out in camps and fighting the
battles that paved the way for that headline this
morning. Now, the investment must pay -- for this
generation and all generations to come and, folks, what
a wonderful thing it is that, no matter what the price,
the reward will be greater than the sacrifice. We hope
that thought can go along with the prayer tonight -- the
prayer of a whole nation -- God Bless those kids across
the English Channell
Unclassified
98
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" -A-
6/14/44
MARCH:
And on the day after the Day, two men sat in big leather
chairs in their club and scanned the headlines on their
financial pages.
ONE:
(CLUBMAN...GRUNTS)
TWO:
Hummm?
ONE:
Sounds like the right dope. Listen: "Invasion of the
continent of Europe signals the beginning of the end of
America's wartime way of economic life."
TWO:
Hmp. That's quick.
ONE:
Well, after all, Ken: The invasion is going pretty
smoothly. Look at what Eisenhower and Churchill said.
TWO:
Still a little early to tell, don't you think?
ONE:
Nope. I agree with what it says here. Now's the time
to reconvert to a peacetime economy.
TWO:
(DUBIOUS) Mmm.
ONE:
Take my tip, and you'll buy some automotive stocks.
Six, two and even they'll go bouncing up, in the next
few weeks. Why! We'll be making cars again in six
months!
TWO:
Think so?
ONE:
Reconversion. That's what we've got to have!
MUSIC:
(IN HARD AND UNDER FOR:)
MARCH:
Headline from a financial page, one day after invasion:
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
6/14/44
99
VOICE:
(HEADLINE) Motor shares bouyant in weak 1ist.
MARCH:
The article reads:
VOICE:
Quite a rush developed for a while yesterday for
so-called peace stocks and bonds, owing to optimistic
reports of the invasion. Motor shares were favorites,
since the potential of ordinary car manufacture by these
units
MARCH:
Okay, okay.
VOICE:
by these units is enormous. Various special
MARCH:
I said that's enough. Read it to yourself, if you 11ke.
I'm thinking of reconversion.
MUSIC:
(SNEAKS IN UNDER: DARK AND SAD)
MARCH:
I'm thinking of a tank in a street in Caen,
reconverted to junk, charred and torn, with a body
hanging from it. I'm thinking of reconversion, and how
it applies to that body, and a11 the others on the
1ong and terrible road to the Reich. For them there
is only the ultimate conversion: ashes to ashes and
the reconversion: dust to dust.
MUSIC:
(UP STRONG AND OUT:)
MARCH:
The question before the house is:
How stand we, here at home? This is the time to draw
up a baiance-sheet: on one side neatiy pencil in the
credits, on the other searchingiy set down our debits.
Let's see.
First the credits:
For example:
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
100
6/14/44
-C-
MARCH:
A turbine motor. It helps to power a swift-cutting DE,
a fieet, biting PT-boat; a massive, crushing battiewagon,
a deadiy submarine and a queeniy fiat-top; destroyers,
cruisers, tenders; the biggest, most powerful Navy
in the history of the world; Write them down on the
credit side.
MUSIC:
(UP AND OUT:)
MARCH:
Then we can write this, too, down on the credit side:
SOUND:
A PLANE MOTOR. IT COUGHS, CATCHES, AND ROARS TO
TAKE-OFF AND AWAY.
MUSIC:
(FADES IN UNDER MARCH TO PICK UP THE PLANE EFFECT AND
HOLD UNDER:)
MARCH:
We can multiply the sound of that ten thousand times;
put four motors on it and multiply it ten thousand
more times; Thunderboits, Mustangs, Lightnings;
Wildcats and Hellcats; Liberators and
Fortresses; fill the sky with the sound; 1et it echo
from Heaven to he11 and from he11 to breakfast. That
sound drones dread on a Nazi eardrum; that sound steps
up the puise of France. Ink it in on the credit side.
MUSIC:
(UP AND OUT:)
SOUND:
SINGLE soldier: MARCHING. REGISTER HIM AND CARRY
HIM UNDER:
MARCH:
One soldier. One Infantry guy.
SOUND:
REGISTER THE MARCHING MAN.
MUSIC:
(PICKS THE SOUND UP AND CARRIES IT UNDER MARCH:)
Regraded Unclassified
HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM -D- 101
6/14/44
MARCH:
You can multiply him two or three or five million times:
Give him guns and Jeeps and tanks: Tan the skin on his
face and hands, and at the back of his neck: Smear him
with oil and cocoa-butter; Drop him silently from the
skies in the darkness to what desperate rendezvous he
cannot predict: Send him scrambling over rocky sands to
the nightmare encounter for which he is trained. He's
mobile, he's armored; There's C-Ration in his gut and
granite in his jaw. He'll have three or four day's
beard on his cheek the next time you see him: and his
eyes will be sunken and bright. He's on the credit side.
MUSIC:
(UP AND OUT;)
SOUND:
A CASH REGISTER CLANGS - TWICE OR THRICE
MUSIC:
(PICKS UP THE SOUND AND CARRIES IT UNDER:)
MARCH:
The cash register jingles, and that's on the credit side,
too.
The eight year old school girl puts down two dimes and five
pennies: she's got a war stamp: and the nation's cash
register jingles.
Twenty-six million men and women -- wage earners -- invest
ten per cent of their salaries week in week out:
And the nation's cash register jingles.
(CONTINUED)
102
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"-E-
6/14/44
MARCH:
Eighty-one million Americans plan to double the number of
(Cont'd)
bonds they presently own: and the nation's cash
register jingles.
Write it down: Write it on the ledger: all that's on
the credit side.
MUSIC:
(UP, OUT)
MARCH:
All that's on the credit side and more. But we've got
some writing to do in the next column. The next column
is in our hearts, in our consciences: Only the honest
among us will set down the debits; the unity we had at
Pearl Harbor, and lost: The voices that were lifted
among us to pit class against class; to pit one man
against another for the color of his skin; a third man
against a fourth because his worship was under a
different roof.
Away to the east, thousands of miles, they heard those
voices. Sound travels easily over water. The men in
battle-dress, they hear them now.
The slate is not wiped clean of itself.
MUSIC:
(IN STRONGLY AND UNDER F(R :)
Regraded Unclassified
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM" *
6/14/44
103
MARCH:
Add up the balance sheet: measure the credits and
weigh against them the debits. Let us ask ourseives:
Are men and machines enough? Is there not also
morality? And the American soldier to whom you had
always meant to write a letter, the soldier who sat in
a barracks in England, thinking of the days in
his immediate future, and numbering them over in his
mind, numbering them over on his ten fingers, and
wondering if they will stop at the number one,
or three, or ten, the American soldier who now,
belly down, hugs the ground of France,
1eft behind him on his cot in England a small
book written one hundred and seventy years ago
in time of another crisis, by a man who also fought
for Liberty -- in America, and in England,
and in France. The 1ittie book that
Tom Paine wrote is open, and the passage 1s marked:
MUSIC:
(UP AND DOWN:)
Regraded Unclassified
104
"HOLLYWOOD BOWL PROGRAM"
-G-
6/14/44
MAN:
These are the times that try men's souls.
The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will,
in this crisis, shrink from the service of their
country. But he that stands alone deserves the
love and
of man and woman. Tyranny,
like hell, is not easily conquered. Yet we have
this consolation, each of us, that the harder
the conflict the more glorious the triumphant --
what we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly,
it is dearness only that gives everything its value.
Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its
goods, and it would be strange, indeed, if so
celestial an article as freedom should not be
highly rated.
MUSIC:
(CURTAIN
FOR FIVE SECONDS AND THEN DOWN BEHIND:)
MARCH:
Ladies and gentlemen, how high do you rate
freedom?
Regraded Unclassified
Stenographic notes on extemporaneous addres105
given by HM Jr at Biltmore, Los Angeles,
June 14th.
106
TRANSCRIPTION OF ADDRESS GIVEN BY THE
HONORABLE HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR., SECRETARY
OF THE TREASURY AT THE BILTMORE HOTEL,
JUNE 14, 1944
MR. CHAIRMAN, HONORED GUESTS, AND LADIES AND GENTLEMEN:
I reminded Rudy Vallee that between wars the Coast
Guard belongs to the Treasury.
I was almost late for this very fine luncheon today,
for I went out shopping looking for some long underwear.
Needless to say, I didn't find any, but I did succeed in
buying a pair of woolen socks.
The Mayor reminded me how rich you all are out here.
Why does he think I came here!
Last evening when I got to the hotel after a long
flight, I thought it would be nice to go for a swim in
the pool. It was nice, and as I came out of the pool a
man said, "Hello Hank. You owe me $77.00." I said I hoped
my credit was good, and he allowed it was.
Washington 1s aware that 40% of all the planes pro-
duced in the United States are built in this area, and I
congratulate the manufacturers on the perfectly magnificent
job they are doing.
I have just one message for the men and women of
Southern California, and that 1s that we have just begun
Regraded Unclassified
Page 2
107
to fight, which means that we have only just begun to
spend money. It is going to cost a lot of money, and be-
fore I left Washington I asked the Army 1f they would give
me a few figures I could use in these talks to show just
how costly war is once we have started a front in Europe.
If you will bear with me, I will read extracts from
this memorandum. I think a few of these figures will do
for you what they did for me, mainly, show you what the
cost is since we have actually started. As the war goes
on our armed forces will need more and more money, and it
1s our job as volunteer workers in this war loan to see
that we back up our Commander-in-Chief and the armed forces
with all the money they can use. May I point out once more
that 95¢ out of every dollar collected by the Treasury 1s
spent wholly for war purposes.
Now here are a few facts which the War Department
was kind enough to give me. Weapons of war are costly.
A tank costs 75 thousand dollars; a tank destroyer, 77
thousand dollars; an anti-tank gun, 13 thousand dollars.
In one day we have had destroyed in battle, fighting against
the German Army, tanks valued at four million dollars, and
we must be prepared to keep fighting at this tempo day in
and day out.
When you read that a United States Armored Division
Regraded Unclassified
Page 3
108
has been withdrawn to be re-euipped, it means that the guns
and other materiel must be replaced at a cost of 39 million
dollars. Just one armored division re-equipped costs this!
Similarly, re-equipped an infantry division costs eleven
million dollars. Airborne divisions, upon which the success
of great offensive operations greatly depends, usually have
to be completely re-equipped and you have read that we sent
several such units into France. There are several of these
divisions engaged at this very moment.
These will be withdrawn when their mission has been
accomplished and they will have to be re-equipped. The
cost is several million dollars exclusive of gliders and
transport planes--which also have to be replaced.
When our armies land, they are supplied by any means
possible in the absence of a port. When a ruined port is
captured, such as Naples, everything is a twisted mass of
wreckage.
I was there myself on the 20th of October, and I have
never seen anything like it. Every house for blocks back
of the port was in complete ruin and when they have time
they will have to be dynamited and all razed. It is 1m-
possible to repair them. The destruction is unbelievable.
They say here that the cost of fixing Naples up for military
need alone was 26 million dollars. Just that one port alone!
Regraded Unclassified
Page 4
109
The price is not being paid in mere dollars, but in
life and flesh and blood of our men. One drug alone,
penicillin, is saving tens of thousands of lives. Peni-
cillin 18 highly perishable. It is flown in by plane and
the drug costs over four million dollars a month. Just
that one item alone!
One of our war's greatest weapons comes in two ounce
guns. This is a chemical called DDT. It is the anemy of
all disease carriers, insects, etc. The Army well knows
that a mosquito can be as deadly as a shell, so from the
laboratories comes DDT, in cans for body dusting, in
liquids for airplane spray, in gases for use in the plague
areas of China, Burma, and the infected areas of Europe.
In short, in any spot on the globe where troops are
fighting, not only against the enemy, but against disease
and pestilence, DDT is available. We will spend close to
40 million dollars to protect the American soldier from
disease-carrying insects. This is cheap at half the price.
There is also a little entry entitled field wire.
Our Army used 90 thousand miles of it in the battle of
Italy. Ninety thousand miles!
And so on and on. Hundreds of thousands of entries
in this ledger which I am labeling War. But we all know
we are not thinking about the material prices of war alone.
Regraded Unclassified
Page 5
110
We think most of the maximum protection for our boys,
many of whom are giving their all, so that we may enjoy
lasting and final freedom and peace.
These were all extracts furnished by the War Depart-
ment, and they brought home to me, as I hope they will be
brought home to you, what we need as this war expands, as
it goes on to Victory.
I look forward with the assurance that men and women
here who have volunteered their time will bring to our
hundred and thirty-five million people during the Fifth War
Loan the opportunity they have to invest in this war, in
that we will be successful in raising the money which our
armed forces need so badly.
I thank you.
Regraded Unclassified
111
HM Jr used the figures from this document
in his extemporaneous speech before the
business men at the Biltmore Hotel,
Los Angeles, June 14th, 1944.
Regraded Unclassified
BSS -
NO OBJECTION TO PUBLICATION
112
Bureau of Public Relations
War Department Washington
FACTS ON COST OF MATERIAL REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN
COMBAT OPERATIONS OF THE U. S. ARMY.
What price all this? The supreme price of the lives and blood of
the tens of thousands of our American men and women can be partially.
reduced only through the speedy production of every single bit of equip-
ment needed to hasten the approach of V-day. And here again is where
our dollars become bullets, become food, become hospitals.
Modern war is the largest business in existence. But war is never
economical in the sense in which business usually employs this word.
Time out now for a very few figures which are in this invoice labeled
Freedam.
[Weapons of war are costly. For instance, a tank costs $65,000, a
tank destroyer costs $57,000 and a wheeled anti-tânk gun is valued at
$13,000. Even a small model costs $300. In one day we have had destroyed
in battle with the German Army tanks costing $4,000,000 and we must be
prepared to keep fighting at this tempo day in and day out.
[
When you read that a U. S. Armored Division has been withdrawn to be
reorganized and re-equipped, it means the guns, tanks and half-tracks for
a specialized Armored Division must be replaced at a cost of $39,000,000.
Similarly, re-equipping an Infantry Division, which must be done after
every intense campaign, costs $11,000,000. Air-borne Divisions upon which
the success of great offensive operations frequently depend usually have
to be completely re-equipped after each combat assignment. There are
several of these Divisions engagedin the gigantic struggle taking place
on the European Continent at this very moment. Each of these will be
withdrawn when its mission has been achieved and re-equipped for subsequent
tasks. The cost of equipping an Air-borne Division is $7,000,000 exclusive
of gliders and transport plans which also may have to be replaced.
Our Engineers are laying hundreds of miles of hugh steel snakes over
hills and plains. Às our armies advance, more miles are needed. And
Regraded Unclassified
113
through the bellies of these snakelike pipelines flows the mechanical
blood of our planes, trains, and vehicles - gasoline and oil. Put
$99,000,000 on the check for 1944 alone. Almost half of this goes to the
Continent.
Mr. Engineer presents another item of over $20,000,000 per month.
His itemization reads tractors, cranes, shovels, road graders, and
scrapers for use in daring landing operations, in the construction and
reconstruction of roads, airfields, ports and docks.
As they press inland off a beachhead and seize a road network, a
few towns and counties, our men must quickly seize or build an airfield.
The heavy weights of our planes demand a firm foundation. No time for
concrete. But the 1944 European cost of steel landing mat surfacing
reads $38,000,000.
Any clever enemy - and the Axis is diabolically clever -- never
leaves a communication center without destroying power and lighting systems.
Our armies must have these systems ready for their use with the minimum
of delay. This replacement of generating plants alone will cost us over
$40,000,000 this year.
Bridges? No, Hitler doesn't leave these, either. Rebuild? No time
now. Later, yes, if needed. So most of our early bridges are laid on
hugh rubberized floats and steel pontons. The 1944 European figure alone
for this is $43,000,000. Then, the subsequent cost of highway and rail-
road bridges to sustain our heaviest loads if $55,000,000 - again for
Europe alone.
When our armies land, they are supplied by any means possible in the
absence of a port. Finally, a port -- a ruined port - is captured.
Such as Naples. Everything a twisted mass of wreckage. What to do?
Reconstruct quays, warehouses, roads, piers. And quickly. Sink a ship.
Lay flooring on its upper side. This makes a good pier. Yes, it happened
in Naples. Cost for military needs along - $26,000,000.
-2-
Regraded Unclassified
114
Yes, they're inland. Beachheads and ports are behind. Now, rolling
stock and rail. Locomotives, flat cars, box cars, gondolas, and tankers.
General Eisenhower's armies need more than 400 miles of them, and this will
cost another $425,000,000.
The price is being paid, not in mere dollars, but in life and flesh
and blood. Our Medical Corps is working wonders. Our doctors and
surgeons are returning many a man to duty -- and ultimately home - by
skill and through drugs. One drug alone, penicillin, is saving tens of
thousands of lives. Highly perishable, flown by plane, costing over
$4,000,000 per month, this miracle is just as valuable as a B-29.
Our number of wounded is steadily increasing. Many will be soon
pouring back through our own ports into hospital trains and to our general
hospitals throughout the United States. Pullman cars with feeding facilities
are needed. We don't have enough at present. So we add $16,000,000 for
hospital cars to carry our boys quickly and safely and comfortably.
If our enemy is so unwise as to initiate gas warfare, he will find
us ready. If he chooses to open those flood gates of wrath, the great
reservoirs of gas now waiting in Allied storage dumps will spray his troops
and his countryside. We don't want gas war, but we are ready. His blister
gases, that dread mustard gas, and other similar gases, which caused nearly
one-third of the Allied casualties of the last war, will not find their
effectiveness in this war. Our protective clothing forms a test tube in
which our soldier can live normally and fight normally, while its
protective fabric destroys the vapors and liquids that contact it, But
this protection will cost us $560,000 for each division in operation. Small
cost, too, considering the precious lives it will save.
With the increase in fire power and mobility inherent in the weapons
of this war, smoke screens have grown as necessary as food. Smoke forms
the invisible cloak that hides our men and our supplies from the enemy.
-3-
Regraded Unclassified
115
Smoke has made possible the mowement of our supply ships right up to
the combat front. Smoke has become the modern armour that keeps our
casualties down. Smoke has become our "synthetic night" that allows us
to move our troops unseen by the enemy. Smoke is the blindfold we pull
over the eyes of the enemy. The hourly cost of a smoke screen over a
20-mile beachhead is $86,000. Cheap, isn't it, compared to the cost of
the life of your boy, who will come back safely because of it?
One of the war's greatest weapons comes in a two-ounce gun! This is
the chemical, DDT arch-enemy of all disease-carrying insects. The Army
well knows that a
mosquito - a typhus-carrying louse -
can be as deadly as a machine gun or a mortar shell. So, from the laboratories.
and factories of America comes DDT in cans for body dusting, in liquids for
airplane spraying, and in gases in a steady flow to the
jungles of
the Pacific; to the plague areas of China and Burma; to the typhus-ridden
sections of Europe - in short, to any spot on the globe where American
troops are fighting, not only the enemy, but disease and pestilence.
For this single item, the Quartermaster Corps will spend in the next
year close to $40,000,000 ($38,065,495) to protect the American soldier
from disease-carrying insects through use of the most potent insect killer
yet developed by science. And again, CHEAP 11
Tons upon tons of materiel of all types must daily support our armies.
One theater alone requires 30,000 tons daily. To load and unload again -
and with speed - the two-wheel, the four-wheel, the man-pushed, the power-
driven small trucks and conveyors and warehouse lifting devices needed this
year, add another $100,000,000 to our budget. A big item, but a saver of
millions of man-hours. Without these labor saving devices, our large
armies would have to be even larger.
Some 100,000 different items of the Signal Corps form the eyes, ears
and voice of our forces. A steady flow of parts and replacements is the
food which keeps the most intricate mobile communication system ever
devised alive.
Regraded Unclassified
116
Two such items, radio tubes at $233,000 per day and batteries at
$235,000 per day, add another yearly expenditure of $170,000,000 to
our needs.
There's also that little entry entitled "Field Wire." Our armies
used 90,000 miles of it at $50 per mile in seven months of the Italian
campaign alone.
Yes, on and on and on. Hundreds of thousands of entries into this
ledger which many label WAR. But we all know that we aren't thinking of
the price of WAR. It is the price of maximum protection to the maximum
number of our BOYS, many of whom are giving their ALL so that we may
enjoy a lasting and final FREEDOM and PEACE.
Regraded Unclassified
117
OFFICE OF
FORVICTORY
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
BUY
UNITED
STATES
WASHINGTON 25
WAR
BONDS
THE SECRETARY
AND
STAMPS
June 14, 1944
M
MEMORANDUM TO THE SECRETARY
I am enclosing a list of the special
items valued in excess of $50,000 as of June 10,
1944. There have been no significant sales in
the past week.
E.L.Ohing Olnih any
E. L. Olrich
Assistant to the Secretary
Enclosure
Regraded Unclassified
118
PROPERTY FOR DISPOSAL
SPECIAL ITEMS VALUED IN EXCESS OF $50,000
AS OF JUNE 10, 1944
QUANTITY
UNIT COST
COST TO GOVT.
Bicycles, new
4,000
$28.00 (av)
$112 000
Offers from Govt. agencies now
coming in slowly. An attempt is
being made to resell this remaining
quantity back to manufacturers.
Spurs, new and used
150,000 pr. $1.40 (av)
$210 000
Ordinarily sold for salvage at 10¢.
Radio program eager to buy all of
these @ 50¢ for give-away novelty.
Sale being arranged. Will take more,
if available.
Ice Boxes, new, commercial, wood
393
$155.00
$60 915
63 cu. ft. capacity. Invitations
have been mailed for bid closing
June 26th.
119
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Shoes, mens, new
74,968 pr.
$3.49 (av)
$261 638
Black dress and work shoes from
CCC Program and garrison shoes
from Army. Equal quantity recently
sold back to mfrs. at $2.90 av.
Regions have been instructed to
dispose of this inventory by bid to
retailers.
Shoes, nurses, new
42,000 pr.
$3.00 (av)
$126 OOO
Negotiating with Dept. of Interior
(Indian Affairs) for sale. Also
met with representatives of W.P.B.
and New England Shoe Mfrs. Ass'n.
to plan disposal to wholesalers.
Medical Supplies
$250 000
Inventory in Region 4 covered by
numerous declarations. All or part
of inventory may have been destroyed
in fire at Louisville, Army Medical
Depot. Inspection report awaited.
Dental Supplies (Including Instruments)
$50 000
A list of 400 items, in substantial
quantities, declared by Veteran's
120
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Administration Supply Depot at
Perry Point, Md. All items were
reported in "C" condition although
items are new and in original
containers. Preliminary physical
inspection by experts has been
arranged, to determine condition.
Motorcycles
431
$400 (est)
$172 400
Special shaft drive types found
unsatisfactory in Army use. Parts
not available and will not be pro-
duced. Disposition under discussion.
Diesel Engines, Complete
131 (plus spare
$2 300 000
parts)
350 H.P., nine cylinder, radial
type, designed for use in tanks.
New air-cooled. Discarded by Army
for unknown reason. Offered to U.S.S.R.
Govt. in connection with its diesel
engine requirements.
Mattresses, new
200,000
$5.50 (av) $1 100 000
Negotiating with Dept. of
Agriculture (Labor Extension Div.)
and the Bedding Assn. The latter
plans disposal through dealers
over entire country.
121
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Mosquito Bars, new
1,000,000
$5.70
$5 700 000
Tent shaped, fabricated out of
mosquito netting, for covering
cots when suspended from rod.
Sales being negotiated to Peruvian
Govt., Dept. of Agriculture, and F.E.A.
Belt Pockets for cartridge clips
1,000,000
$0.10
$100 000
Web fabric, with fastener. No
longer used by Army. Negotiating
with jobbing outfit with 2500 retail
stores interested in selling to boys
through toy department.
Pillow sacks, new
7,500,000
$0.075
$562 500
Coarse cotton sacks to be
filled with straw at camp.
Meeting with F.E.A. Textile
Section of W.P.B. plans dis-
position through allocation
to trade. 1,500,000 of original
lot sold @ 4d and 5¢ each.
Pillows, new
135,000
$0.73
$98 550
Negotiating with Veteran's
Administration. Also going out
on bids to Bedding Assn.
Regraded Unclassified
122
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Parachutes, used.
2,000
$200 ea.
$400 000
Some with, some without shrouds.
Not complete articles. Not safe
for human use. Negotiating sale
to Forestry Dept. (Agri.) for use
in dropping supplies to fire fighters.
W.A.C. Jackets and Skirts
45,000 Jackets
$890 351
65,000 skirts
Numerous declarations at various
locations. All can be sold to
F.E.A. for foreign relief. Trying
to dispose of portion in this country.
Cots, new
15,000
$4.40
$66 000
Will not move easily. Negotiating
with Veteran's Administration, Dept.
of Agri., and Bedding Ass'n.
Wood Screws, new
500 tons
$357 000
1,634 items
Brass screws and lag bolts.
Packaged and in bulk. Negotiating
resale to manufacturers.
Shoring Assemblies, new
2,787
$265.00
Transferred to R.F.C.
Regraded Unclassified
123
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Steel platform trucks, on casters
13,287
$75.00
$994 275
Fabricated steel platform (6 ft.x
4 ft.) with one upright side to
support airplane engine. Weight
900 lbs. Designed to move airplane
engines to and from repair shop.
Action withheld temporarily at Army
request.
Shipping Boxes, for cartridges
570,000
$0.50
$285 000
Small size, (1 cu. ft. capacity)
wooden boxes designed to ship
cartridges. Heavy construction
with thumb screw fasteners. These
are first of large number being
released daily at Chrysler plant.
Change in specifications requires
repacking. Arranging for negotiated
sale for shipping bullion or heavy
parts.
Gas cylinders, and propane gas
9,411
$28.00
$281 230
Steel, pressure gas container cylinders.
Some full of propane gas, said to
amount to 337,640 lbs. Lists of members
of Liquified Petroleum Gas Assn. fur-
nished to regions. Invitations to
d
going out.
124
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Imprinting Machines
20,000
$21.95
$439 000
A small, pistol shaped, address-
ograph plate press used to obtain
impression of soldiers' "dog tag"
in the field or in hospitals.
Highly specialized use gives faint
hope for favorable disposal. Attempt
is being made to resell to mfr.
TOTAL --- $14 816 859
125
AUTOMOTIVE REPORT
Quantity
Unit Cost
Cost to Govt.
Trucks, motor, used
10,870
$1,250
$13 587 500
Ninety percent are light trucks,
1-1/2 tons or below. Sales have
more than kept pace with new
declarations. Inventory down
slightly.
Passenger cars, used
1,137
$950
$1 137 000
Sales and new declarations
keeping pace.
Automobile Spare Parts
$3 000 OOO
Two declarations approximate
this figure. Contracts with
Ford and General Motors are
being considered. Chrysler
and Reo contracts are awaited.
Expect to dispose of 80% by
resale.
TOTAL -- $17 724 500
Regraded Unclassified
126
THE UNDER SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
WASHINGTON
June 14, 1944.
MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY'S FILES:
As directed by the Secretary before he left on his trip,
I talked with Mr. Stettinius at Cabinet Meeting last Friday re-
garding the Netherlands loan and asked him if we could get
together the first of this week to discuss some ways and means
of keeping the two Departments fully advised of what the other
was doing on the subject of foreign loans. He said he would give
me a ring on Monday. This he did and I saw him today at eleven.
There were also present Dean Acheson and Mr. Collado. I tried to
take Harry White with me but he was tied up with a meeting with
the Congressional delegation to the Monetary Conference in Fred
Vinson's office.
After some discussion of the subject, Mr. Collado said he
would like to give the background of the proposed loan to the
Netherlands. According to his record, he said, the Netherlands
Government would like to get a short-term credit of about $100
million in order that they can proceed with American concerns in
getting some commitments for the delivery of post-war goods and
they would also like to get a long-term loan of about $300 million
for reconstruction purposes. He said it had been under discussion
for some time. He believed the matter was first brought up by
Mr. Jones.
He said the most recent discussion of the matter was when
Jesse Jones wrote a letter to the State Department, I think he said
in April, asking if there was any objection to a loan to the
Netherlands Government. Mr. Collado said he discussed the matter
with Dr. White of the Treasury and he said the Treasury felt that
no governmental commitment should be made to the Netherlands Govern-
ment at this time as it was one of the governments that had ample
credit and should borrow its funds in the money market.
In discussing the matter early in May, the Secretary had
sent a telegram to the President when he was down South about the
matter, recommending that no loan be made. He read from the
President's reply to that telegram. He said the State Department
FORVICTORY
BUY
UNITED
STATES
WAR
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
Regraded Unclassified
127
- 2 -
had never received a copy of the Treasury's telegram to the President.
On May 26th the Secretary of State sent a letter to the President
outlining the subject and stating that it would be desirable to make
a commitment to the Netherlands Government for such a loan, but that
private banking interests should be permitted to participate in the
transaction. At the same time they sent a copy of that letter to
the Treasury and in addition, he read the letter over the telephone
to Harry White. A few days later the President just marked "o.k."
on this letter and returned it to the Secretary of State. Under
date of June 2nd the Secretary of State again wrote to the Secretary
of the Treasury referring to his letter of May 26th and indicating
that the President had approved of the loan referred to in Secretary
Hull's letter to the President. Letter was prepared ou June 1st.
He said that sometime Friday, June 2nd Winthrop Aldrich came
in to see the Secretary, at which time the Secretary told Mr. Aldrich
he should come to the Treasury to discuss the matter. Mr. Aldrich
did see me on Monday, June 5th and told me of his conference with
Secretary Hull and also told me he had been approached by the Dutch
Government for a banker's loan of $100 million.
The fact that Mr. Hull had seen Mr. Aldrich on Friday, June 2nd
and under the same date signed a letter to the Secretary of the
Treasury stating that the President had approved the loan seemed
inconsistent. Mr. Collado and Mr. Acheson did not think there was
anything inconsistent in this action, as no doubt the letter was
signed by Mr. Hull several hours before his conference with Winthrop
Aldrich.
Mr. Stettinius asked what can be done at this time. I said I
did not think anything need be done at this time about the Nether-
lands loan as I understood that a stop-order had been placed against
it, but what we ought to do was to try to work out a procedure
whereby the two Departments can work together on any application
for a foreign loan that comes in. Mr. Collado said he didn't
understand there was any stop-order against the loan. I said I
did not have any record with me, but I understood at Staff Meeting
in the Secretary's Office a few mornings ago that Miss Tulley had
told the Secretary that Mr. Jones had received word from the
President not to take any action on the Netherlands loan until
he heard further from him. Mr. Collado was to check up on this.
We then discussed procedure. Mr. Stettinius asked if the
Treasury felt there ought to be an inter-departmental committee
created by the President, or whether we could make some informal
arrangements between the Departments concerned. Mr. Acheson sug-
gested it might be done in one of two ways (1) we could have a
committee; it could be a State-Treasury-Foreign Economic Administra-
tion (Export-Import Bank)and Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Committee. This committee could be composed of top officials of
Regraded Unclassified
128
- 3 -
these organizations or it could be at a lower level. If such a committee
were to be set up he would strongly urge that it be at the lower level
as the top officials hardly have time to consider all these requests.
Or, (2) the matter could be handled through the recent Committee set up
by the President's Executive Order of which Dean Acheson is Chairman
and on which the above organizations are represented.
I told Mr. Stettinius that I would discuss the matter with the
Secretary upon his return and give him his views on the matter.
DruB
129
Broadcast 8 A.M. June 14 over Columbia Network by Charles
Collingwood reporting from London -
"In the House of Commons today, Winston Churchill, just
back from France, is expected to make a statement on the fate
of British Relations with the Nation Committee, or the De Gaulle
organization, or whatever you want to call it, in Algiers. The
nebulous nature of these relations has produced a great deal
of strong feeling and from right to left there is a real demand
that the French Committee be recognized and entrusted with
some responsibility in France. It is now clear that in the
part of Normandy we have liberated, the French are over-
whelmingly for De Gaulle. They regard him as the only alter-
native to Vichy. However, they do not seem to realize the
ambiguous nature of his relations with the Allies, and, in fact,
they seem to regard De Gaulle and the Allies as synonymous
a conception which must give great pain to the architects of
our French policy who have done their best to dissociate us
from General De Gaulle.
"In spite of the fact that our civil administration, set
up in France, seems to be working honestly enough, the French
in London are very upset and apprehensive about the future.
Their deepest reason is simply that France is not being allowed
to manage her own destiny. The bitterest immediate reason is
Regraded Unclassified
130
-2-
about the franc notes which the British and American Governments
have issued to their soldiers in France. These rather shoddy-
looking notes say on them: "Issued in France", when everyone
knows they were issued in America. We are said to have printed
a billion and a half dollars worth of this invasion money and
the French regard it as simply counterfeit. In spite of
President Roosevelt's assurance that it was issued after consul-
tation with French authorities, the French say they have no
agreement on how or when or by whom it will be redeemed. The
notes bear no statement of any issuing authority or backing on
them whatsoever, and the canny French peasants apparently don't
like to accept them.
"A project to issue similar notes for Holland was once
voted, but the Dutch Government is said to have stated that they
would be regarded as "Forgeries", under the Dutch law, and it was
dropped. But since we don't recognize the French Committee it
could presumably not react with the same effect as the Dutch.
"This is the sort of thing which is causing much hurt among
the French and the friends of France. As we get deeper into
France, these frictions are inevitably going to increase. It is
not apparent that anything is being done to straighten things out,
but, perhaps Mr. Churchill's speech will announce some progress
in clearing up our relations with General De Gaulle and the
Committee which he heads."
Regraded Unclassified
131
C
0
P
Y
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
of NEW YORK
June 14, 1944
CONFIDENTIAL
Dear Mr. Secretary: Attention: Mr. H. D. White
I am enclosing our compilation for the
week ended June 7, 1944, showing dollar disburse-
ments out of the British Empire and French accounts
at this bank and the means by which these expendi-
tures were financed.
Very truly yours,
/s/ H. L. Sanford
H. L. sanford,
Assistant Vice President.
The Honorable Henry' Morgenthau, Jr.,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, 25, D. C.
Enc.
Regraded Unclassified
OF DRITISH AND FRENCH ACCOUNTS
Strictly
(In Billions of Dollars)
Jock Intel June 7, 1944,
BANK OF CHOLAND (BRITISH OOVERNMENT)
BANK or
PERIOD
DEBITS
CREDITS
Net Inc. (e)
Gov't
Transfers to
Proceeds Sales of of
Transfers
Other
or Dear, (-)
Total
total
is
1
Expendi-
Official
official
Credits
InC Funds
Debits
tredits
in hall
Total
tures
Canadian
Other
Total
(Orrisial)
Australian
(e)
(e)
(d)
Debite
(a)
Account
Debits
Credits
Gold
(b)
Account
(c)
(d)
First year of war (g)
1,793.2
605,6
20.9
1,166,7
1,820,2
1,356,1
52,0
3,9
416.2
+ 35,0
866,3(f)
1,099,360
-
ar period through
December, 1940
2,782,3
1,425.6
20,9
1,335.8
2,793,1
2,109.5
108.0
14.5
561,1
+ 10,8
878.3
1,098.4
Second year of war(h)
2,203.0
1,792.2
3.4
407.4
2,189.8
1,193.7
274.0
16.7
705.4
- 13,2
38,9
8,8
-
faird year of war (1)
1,235.6
904.8
7.7
223.1
1,361.5
21,8
5.5
57.4
1,276.8
125,9
16.5
44
-
170,4
1,072.3
0.5
155.1
916.7
+ 308.3
10.3
1.0
-
9.3
Fourth year of war(1)
764.0
312.7
280.9
-
1943
September
49.4
16.8
10,6
22,0
86,2
-
-
15.0
71.2
36,8
-
-
-
October
38,2
16,0
-
22,2
-
40.5
74.9
+ 712
-
-
-
115,4
-
85.5
+ 23,1
-
.
November
65,9
42.4
5.9
17,6
89,0
-
-
3.5
-
December
98,1
16.3
-
81.8
134.5
-
-
36.5
98.0
+ 36.6
-
-
.
1944
anuary
44.4
22,2
10.6
12,0
127.5
-
1.0
126.5
+ C2.7
-
-
-
-
February
143.0
14.2
2.1
127.4
144,5
-
29,0
115.5
+ 0,7
-
-
-
-
March
152.9
71.1
12,5
69,3
133.3
-
24.5
108.8
- 19.6
-
-
-
-
14,9
119,9
122,2
27,5
94.7
- 12.6
-
-
-
April
134.8
-
-
-
Lay
125.1
28.8
8.1
88.2
164.7
-
-
37.0
127.7
+ 39.6
I
June
July
August
Week Ended
May 17, 1944
12.0
2.1
1.0
8.9
18.2
-
.
5.0
13.2
+ 6.2
-
May 24, 1944
26.5
8.2
7.1
11.2
68.1
-
-
15.0
53.1
+ 41.6
-
May 31, 1944
12.9
6.0
-
6.9
13.1
-
-
1.0
12.2
+ 0.2
-
June 7. 1944
59.0(1)
5.6
-
53.4(1)
14.6(k)
-
-
9.0
5.6(k)
- 44.4
-
Average Weekly Expenditures Since Outbreak of Jar
See attached sheet for footnotos,
France (through June 19, 1940) $19.6 million
England (through June 19, 1940) $27.6 million
England (through June 20, 1940 to March 12, 1941) -54.9 million
England (since March 12, 1941) 21.4 million
Regraded Unclassified
(a) Includes payments for account of British Ministry of Supply Mission, British Supply Board, Ministry of Supply Timber
Control, and Ministry of Shipping.
(b) Estimated figures based on transfers from the New York Agency of the Bank of Montreal, which apparently represent the
proceeds of official British sales of American securities, including those effected through direct negotiation. In addition
to the official selling, substantial liquidation of securities for private British account occurred, particularly during the
early months of the war, although the receipt of the proceeds at this Bank cannot be identified with any accuracy. According
to data supplied by the British Treasury and released by Secretary Morgenthau, total official and private British liquidation
of our securities through December, 1940 amounted to 8334 million.
(a) Includes about $85 million received during October, 1939 from the accounts of British authorized banks with New York banks,
presumably reflecting the requisitioning of private dollar balances, Other large transfers from such accounts since October,
1939 apparently represent current acquisitions of proceeds of exports from the sterling area and other accruing dollar
receipts. See (k) below.
(d) Reflects net change in all dollar holdings payable on demand or maturing in one year.
(a) For breakdown by types of debits and credits see tabulations prior to March 10, 1943.
(5) Adjusted to eliminate the effect of $20 million paid out on June 26, 1940 and returned the following day.
(a) for monthly breakdown ⑉ tabulations prior to April 23, 1941.
(b) For monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to October 8, 1941.
(1) for monthly breakdown ase tabulations prior to October 14, 1942.
(j) for monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to September 29, 1943.
(x)
Includes 6 4.6 million apparently representing current and accumulated dollar proceeds of sterling area services and
merchandise exports.
(1) or which $50.1 million represents cost of gold purchased for export.
Regraded Unclassified
ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN AND AUSTRALIAN ACCOUNTS
Strickly
(In Millions of Dollars)
Week Ended June 7. 1944
Confidential
BANK
OF
CANADA (and Canadian Government)
COLLONWEALTH BALK OF AUSTRALIA (and Australian Government)
DEBITS
CREDITS
DEBITS
CREDITS
Transfers
Transfers
Transfers from Official
to
British A/C
Net Incr.
to
Proceeds
Net Incr,
Proceeds
of
(+) or
Official
of
(+) or
Official
PERIOD
Total
British
Others
Total
Gold
For Own
For French
Other
Decr. (-)
Total
British
Other
Total
Gold
Other
Decr. (-)
Sales
Credits
in $ Runds (e)
Debita
A/C
Debits
Credits
Sales
A/C
A/C
Credits
in $Runds(e)
Debits
A/C
Debits
Credits
of war (a)
323.0
16.6
306.4
504.7
412,7
20,9
38.7
32,4
181.7
31,2
3,9
27,3
36,1
30,0
6,1
+ 4.9
period through
1940
477.2
16.6
460.6
707.4
534.8
20.9
110.7
41.0
+ 230.2
57.9
14.5
43.4
62.4
50.1
12.3
+ 4.5
+ 9.0
par of war(b)
460.4
460.4
462.0
246.2
3.4
123.9
88.5
+ 1.6
72.2
16,7
55.5
81.2
62.9
18.3
-
par of war (c)
525.8
0,3
525.5
566.3
198,6
7.7
-
360.0
+ 40.5
107.2
57.4
49.8
112.2
17.2
95.0
- 5.0
year of war(d)
723.6
723.6
958,8
47.1
170.4
-
741.3
+ 235.2
197.0
155.1
41.9
200.4
-
200,4
+ 3.4
-
1963
47.2
70.1
10.6
-
59.5
+ 22,9
16,8
15.0
1.8
20.0
-
20.0
+ 3.2
47.2
-
-
32.1
32.1
71.3
-
71.3
+ 39.2
42,8
40.5
2.3
26.5
-
26.5
- 16.3
-
-
-
15.4
0.1
15,3
95.1
5.9
-
89.2
+ 79.7
6.6
3.5
3.1
18,2
-
18.2
. 11,6
-
166.8
0.3
146.5
55.1
-
-
-
55.1
- 91.7
39.7
36.5
3,2
27.0
-
27.0
- 12,7
1944
323
32.3
78.5
-
10.6
-
67.9
+ 46.2
6,0
1.0
5.0
11.3
-
11.3
+ 5.3
-
25.4
25,4
118.5
23,1
2,1
-
93.3
+ 93.1
31.3
29.0
2,3
28.6
-
28.6
- 2,7
-
30.3
0,5
29,8
88,6
15,0
12,5
-
61.1
+ 58.3
27.6
24.5
3.1
29,9
-
29.9
+ 2,3
183.6
-
183.6
96.7
-
-
-
96.7
- 86.9
29.5
27.5
2.0
39.4
-
39.4
+ 9.9
154.2
-
154.2
80.3
5.1
-
78,2
- 67.9
42.6
37.0
5.6
39.6
-
39.6
- 3.0
-
June
July
August
Week Ended
Mar 1.
43.7
-
43.7
23.5
-
1,0
-
22.5
- 20.2
8.5
5.0
3-5
15.4
-
15.4
6,9
May 2, 1944
30.0
-
30,0
14.6
-
7.1
-
7.5
- 21.4
15.1
15.0
6.1
15.1
-
15.1
(h)
8.7
9-9
9.9
+ 1.2
1.0
1.0
-
3.3
-
3.3
+ 2.3
MAP n, 1944
8.7
-
-
-
-
June 7. 1044
6.4(f)
-
6.4
26.3(f)
-
-
-
26.3(g)
+ 19.9
10.5
9.0
1.5
0.4
-
0.4
- 10.1
Average Weekly expenditures for
(a) For monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to April 23, 1941.
First year of war
6.2 million.
(b) For monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to October s, 1941.
Second year of war
8.9 million.
(c) For monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to October 14, 1942.
Third year of war
10.1 million,
(d) For monthly breakdown see tabulations prior to September 29, 1943.
Fourth year of war
13.9 million.
(e) Reflects e anges in all dollar holdings payable on demand or naturing in one year.
Fifth year of war (through June 7. 1944)
16.8 million.
(r) Does not reflect transactions in short term U. S, securities.
(g) Includes 3 4.0 million deposited by War Supplies, Ltd.
and $ 18.0 million received Prom New York account of Canadian Chartered Bank.
(h) Less than $ 0,000.
Regraded Unclassified
135
OSWEGO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INC.
o
Oswego, New York
P
Y
June 14, 1944
War Refugee Board
State Department Building
Washington, D. C.
Gentlemen:
Herewith enclosed is a copy of a letter I have today
written to the President, and which is self-explanatory.
This communication 1s sent to you in order that you
may know first-hand the community attitude in Oswego
towards the news received through the press about the
care of war refugees at Fort Ontario in the near future.
You will feel free, I hope, to look to Oswego for
all possible cooperation in the successful operation of
the Fort Ontario facilities in housing these unfortunate
victims of war.
Very truly yours,
B/B H. C. Mizen
H. C. Mizen, Chairman
HCM: MW
Special Fort Ontario Committee
Pikle
Unclassified
136
OSWEGO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INC.
Oswego, New York
June 14, 1944
Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt
President of the United States
The White House
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. President:
We of Oswego feel that it has been a fortuitous
and fitting personal selection on your part to have
chosen Fort Ontario as a haven of refuge for a homeless
group of European war sufferers.
The Military reservation on which this historic
fort stands 18 the oldest garrisoned post in the United
States, and its early background of military actions, be-
fore and after it came into possession of the United States
in 1796, does indeed present a notable picture and atmos-
phere of struggle for freedom and the dignity of the human
spirit which doubtless will be captured by the refugees of
other lands.
Perhaps it may not be inappropriate at this time to
remind you of the gracious visit you made Oswego on Sep-
tember 30, 1913, when you addressed us on the occasion of
the dedication of Montcalm Park, site of old Fort George.
You recalled to us that Fort Ontario at Oswego was the
chief reliance of the British Colonies between Lake Cham-
plain and Pittsburgh, the danger spot for the French which
threatened the St. Lawrence and the Ohio.
In behalf of the Special Fort Ontario Committee of
the Oswego Chamber of Commerce, I wish to extend to Your
Excellency our thanks for your selection of Fort Ontario
for this humanitarian objective, and to assure you of the
deep appreciation of Oswegonians, and of our willingness
at all times to cooperate with our Government in the vast
problems which confront it.
Fort Ontario, an institution of Oswego, Mr. President,
will continue to measure up to its worthy tradition.
Yours most respectfully,
Harry C. Mizen, Chairman
HCM:
Special Fort Ontario Committee
137
ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington
TO:
AMREP, Algiers
DATED:
June 14, 1944
NUMBER:
1879
SECRET
FOR AMBASSADOR ROBERT MURPHY AND ACKERMANN. ALGIERS, FROM THE
DEPARTMENT AND THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD.
Section I
Reference is made to Cable No. 1823 of June 8 from
the President.
This action of the President in setting aside the
historic army camp, Fort Ontario as an Emergency Refugee Shelter,
announced at the President's press conference on June 9, is
regarded by the War Refugee Board 88 a great step forward in
the efforts of this Government to rescue victims of enemy
oppression in imminent danger of death and to afford such victims
all possible relief and assistance.
The significance of this step can only be preperly
appraised against the background of the numberous vigorous measures
taken by the President and the War Refugee Board since January
in an intensive effort to rescue intended victims of Hitler's
Brutality. The further action now taken by the President in
bringing refugees more than 4,000 miles to this country to a
place of safety should again clearly demonstrate to the world
that our efforts to save refugees constitute a real and most
important Government policy.
With today's announcement we should be in a stronger
position to urge Allied and neutral countries to expand their
existing refugee facilities. This Government is confident that
an intensified joint effort of all Allied and neutral countries
can save many additional human lives.
To the extent that the President's move becomes known
in the occupied countries, it should have an important psycho-
logical effect in convincing the Nazis and their minions
throughout Europe that this country means business when it says
that the fate of persecuted peoples is one of our deep concerns.
There is already evidence that the efforts of this
Government in therefugee field have brought new hope to the
oppressed peoples of Europe. The President's action today
should serve as a further concrete manifestation to all oppressed
peoples of
Regraded Unclassified
138
-2-
peoples of the sincerity and effectiveness of this Government's
humanitarian policy.
Section II
The President also indicated at his press conference
that existing refugee facilities in the Mediterranean area are
being increased and that an effort is being made to find new
havens of refuge for these people in that area. Please refer
to the Department's Cable No. 1669 of May 27 and No. 1761 of
June 3.
In connection with your efforts to increase refugee
facilities in the Mediterranean area, which the President has
stressed should be intensified, your attention is directed to
the following:
A. With respect to establishing havens of refuge in
Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, the following cable
dated June 7 was received from Ambassador Winant
in London:
"Reference is made herewith to Department's cables
of March 25, No. 2292, and of April 22, No. 3243,
for the War Refugee Board.
"We have just received a letter from the Foreign
Office saying that the British Government agree
to the setting up of a refugee camp in Tripolitania.
"The letter from the Foreign Office goeson to
suggest that it will be necessary to consider
what practical measures will be required for the
working out of this scheme on the basis of joint
maintenance, et cetera, to be shared between the
American and British Governments.
"It has been stated orally by Randall, head of
the Refugee Department of the Foreign Office, that
he is of the opinion that this camp in Tripolitania
will be able to accommodate between 1,000 and
1,500 people. The securing of adequate medical
and administrative personnel will be the greatest
difficulty end we invite the suggestions of the
War Refugee Board with respect to this question.
It was further confidentially stated by Randall
that the political problems involved in setting
up a camp in Cyrenaica are so acute that the
Foreign Office had reluctantly come to the con-
clusion that to establish a camp there is absolutely
impossible."
Regraded Unclassified
139
importipossible."
B. With respect to oving Jewish refugees from Southern
Italy to Palestine, the following cable dated June
7 was received from Ambassador Winant in Longon;
"The considerations set forth in Department's
cable dated June 3, No. 4413, concerning removal
of refugees from Southern Italy, have been dis-
cussed in detail by the Embassy with the Foreign
Office. The head of the refugee department of the
Foreign Office, Randall, was very sympathetic and
remarked that there would be no fundamental objection
on the part of the British Government to facilitating
the entrance of Jews now in Southern Italy to
Palestine, suggested in Department'scable. It
was pointed out by him, however, that the
facilities in Palestine, for thereception of such
refugees were not unlimited and that it had been
the British Government's policy to facilitate
the entry primarily of those refugees who were in
immediate danger of their lives, such as those in
Hungary now. It was stated by him that within the
past month nearly a thousand Jewish refugees have
entered Palestine via Turkey, having escaped from
areas in which their lives were endangered
seriously. It was also pointed out by Randall
that the UNRRA camps in the Middle Last were
able to take 25,000 refugees in addition to those
who had arrived before May 1, and he was hopeful
that these camps might play a part in relieving
pressure on Southern Italy. As pointed out in
Embassy's cable No. 4556, the British have now
agreed to the opening of a camp in Tripolitania
which should accommodate about 15000 people.
"We left a paraphrase of pertinent sections of
Department's cable with Randall and he promised
that he would give serious and immediate
consideration to the matter."
C. With respect to taking refugees to Cyprus (our
7661 June 3), we have been informed that the
company village of the Cyprus Mines Corporation
at Mavrovuni which has been occupied by the
British Army for three years is now vacant. This
village can accom odate about 1,500 families. In
addition a number of staff houses are reported to
be available.
Regraded Unclassified
140
-4-
Section III
With the above in mind, you are requested to take the
following action as expeditiously as possible:
A. Bring to the attention of the French Committee the
Action taken by the President and the President's
desire that refugee facilities in the
Mediterranean area be increased, emphasizing the
significance of this program in the refugee
field. You should make clear to the French
Committee that this Government is determined to
find havens of refuge for all oppressed peoples
who can escape from German controlled territory.
You should explore carefully with the French
Committee all possible means by which it can
further aid in the rescue and relief of victims
of enemy oppression.
B. To the extent possible, consistent with the
military situation, every effort should be made
to give publicity to the President's action and
its significance, particularly in the neutral
countries and enemy territory.
C. Please keep the Department and the War fugee
Board fully informed concerning the action which
you are taking in arranging for the departure of
the 1,000 refugees in southern Italy and of the
steps which you are taking to increase the
refugee facilities in the Mediterranean area.
For Kirk's attention the foregoing is repeated to
Naples.
THIS IS WRB ALGIERS CABLE NO. 22
HULL
Regraded Unclassified
141
near the Csechoslovak Government
LONDON, June 14, 1944.
No. 131.
UNRESTRICTED.
Subject:
Movement of War
Refugees.
The Honorable
The Secretary of State,
Washington.
Sirt
Referring to the Department's instruction No.
634, of January 28, 8 pm. regarding the establish-
ment of the War Refugee Board and the general
policy in the President's Executive Order of
January 22 as to action for the rescue and relief
of the Jews of Europe and other victims of enemy
persecution, I have the honor to enclose as of
1/
possible interest to the War Refugee Board, a copy
of a report of May 13, 1944 from the Czechoslovak
Mission in Ankara regarding the difficulties of
refugees in obtaining exit permite from Hungary.
The report was made available by the Czecho-
slovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs to this Mission
which has fuly informed the American Embassy to
Great Britain.
Respectfully yours,
Ruddf E. Schoenfeld
Garge d'Affaires ad interim
J HB: GMT
Original and hectograph
Enclosure:
1/as stated.
Regraded Unclassified
142
Enclosure of No. 1 to despatch Crechoslovak Series
No. 131, June 14, 1944, from Embassy, London.
With regard to the present stage reached by the
evacuation of Jews from Hungary, M. Barlas, the
Istanbul representative of the Jewish Agency for
Palestine, who called on me today (May 13th, 1944)
mentioned to me that the Hungerians and also the
Germans are still refusing exit permite from Hungary
even to people who already possess certificates and
Turkish transit visas. According to & report of
the Turkish Consul at Budapest, the Gestapo even go
so far as to arrest and send to a concentration
camp at the earlied opportunity every Jewish
visitor at the Turkish Consulte. This practice
has resulted in an appeal to the Swies Government
that one of the official Swiss representatives at
Budapest should be appointed to act as intermediary
between the Jewish emigres and the Turkish Consulate
there. M. Barlas expressed the hope that some
remedy will pelshaps be found in due course for
these difficulties, but in the meanwhile no
evacuation from Hungary as possible,
Regraded Unclassified
143
CABLE FROM PEHLE TO AMBASSADOR WINANT, IN LONDON
Please deliver the following message from Pehle to
Sir Herbert Emerson.
Appreciate advice present status of credit scheme.
June 14, 1944
5:05 p.m.
AAbrahamson:1r 6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
CABLE FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD TO AMBASSADOR VINANT, IN LONDON
144
SECRET
Please refer to your 4556 of June 7.
Regraded Unclassifie
We are gratified that the British Government has agreed to
the stablishment of a refugee camp in Tripelitania capable of accom>
modating between 1000 to 1500 persons. Please convey the Board's
appreciation to the Foreign Office.
The Board now awaits British suggestions as to the practical
measures required fee the joint establishment of the refugee camp in
Tripelitanie. It is assumed that we shall be advised in the immediate
future of the exact location of the proposed camp, together with a de-
tailed description of what is necessary and the time required to put
the camp in condition to receive refugees.
With regard to the question of medical and administrative
persennel one possibility is to request UNRRA to administer the camp
as in the case of Camp Igautey. If this is acceptable to the British,
we shall be glad to approach the UNRRA representatives in Washington
on this matter.
Because of the large numbers of refugees arrivingdaily in
Southern Italy from Tugeslavia, the question of havens is particularly
urgent at the present time. It is therefore heped that the Tripolitania
refugee project will now nove forward with maximum speed. Please urge
the British to furnish us as quickly as possible with the details re-
quested above.
..........
June 14, 1944
10:40 some
MJMarkstdh 6/12/44
145
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM : American Embassy, London
TO
:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED : June 14, 1944
NUMBER $ 4737
SECRET
We have investigated Dr. Scherersproposals to the
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee which were
referred to the Embassy by the War Refugee Board for
comment in Department's cable dated June 8, No. 4539.
According to the London representative of the Joint
Distribution Committee, Mr. Hurwits, who has talked with Dr.
Scherer, the proposals are so mebulous that it is not believed
that at this time anything definite should be done with
respect to them. Dr. Scherer apparently has no concrete
plan and has no definite idea as to how the money requested
by him should be spent. It was indicated that such
assistance as could be given Jews in Poland, in the main
would consist of relief to them in Poland, rather than
help in taking them out of Poland. Presumably it would be
necessary, in order to use the money for this purpose, to
secure Treasury licenses for expenditures in enemy-occupied
territory and, as the War Refugee Board and the Department
are aware, the British Government has requested that it be
consulted before any such licenses are issued. It is stated
by Randall, head of the Refugee Department of the Foreign
Office, that Scherer has not approached him in this connection
with his proposal. He adds that it is felt by the British
Government that if possible, expenses for the relief or
rescue of refugees in enemy-occupied territory should be handled
through the credit scheme proposed in Lord Drogheda's letter
to Mr. Riefler of April 8, 1944 and which the Embassy forwarded
in its despatch 15061, April 17, 1944, Economic Warfare
(Blockade) Series: 861. It is believed that there has been made
available to the War Refugee Board a copy of this despatch.
It is believed by the Embassy that, because of the very
indefinite nature of Scherer's plans and because of the wish
of the British for prior consultation, at this time it would
not be advisable to make any definite commitment to furnish
funds to Scherer. It is believed however that he should be
informed that any concrete proposals he may desire to make
will be sympathetically received and that the Embassy naturally
will be willing to discuss with the British the possibility
of helping him in carrying out his relief plans.
WINANT
Regraded Unclassified
146
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM: American Embassy, London
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED: June 14, 1944
NUMBER: 4745
CONFIDENTIAL
There was mentioned yesterday in the DAILY MAIL and the
TIMES the action of the American Government in establishing
a refugee camp at Fort Ontario, Oswego, New York as outlined
in Department's message dated June 12 No. 4641, from the
War Refugee Board. It is stated by the London office of OWI
that it has been carrying the story in its broadcasts to
enemy occupied and neutral countries and it has agreed to
stress the significance of the President's action in opening
this refugee camp.
On June 12 we discussed with Randall, head of the Refugee
Department of the Foreign Office, the possible availability
of Cyprus as a refugee haven. He said that the British
Government had been informed by the governor of that territory
that no more refugees could be accommodated because of the
large number of Greek refugees who had fled to Cyprus. Randall
felt that it would absolutely useless to look to Cyprus for
assistance. It was stated by him that all possibilities were
being considered by the British Government and he was trying
to do everything in his power to find havens of refuge for
those who can escape from German occupied areas.
During the course of the conversation with Randall on
June 12, he referred to the fact that the British had agreed
to the opening of a refugee camp in Tripolitani, as reported
in Embassy's cable of June 7, No. 4556, and he expressed again
the wish of the Foreign Office to receive suggestions from
the War Refugee Board with respect to personnel and funds
for this camp's administration.
WINANT
Regraded Unclassified
147
c
0
P
Y
3WNCR 85/82 VIA RCA
TELAVIV June 14 NO FILE TIME
NLT RP $3.42 JOHN PEHLE PRESIDENT OF REFUGEE BOARD WASHN.
BEG YOUR SPECIAL URGENT HELP FOR ONLY SURVIVORS OF KNOWN NUMBEROUS
POLISH FAMILY MY BROTHER ISAAC SCHEIN HIS SON SALOMON SCHEIN
WITH WIFE ELEONORA ALL INTERNED VITTEL HAVING COSTARICA PASSPORTS
STOP PALESTINE CERTIFICATES M438/43/445 AND 4/44 GRANTED THEM
SOME MONTHS AGO SWISS PROTECTING POWER ADVISED ACCORDINGLY STOP
PLEASE PLACE THEM ON USA EXCHANGE LIST OR HELP SAVE THEIR LIVES
OTHERWISE PLEASE CABLE WHAT YOU COULD DO SINCERE THANKS IN ANTICIPATION
CHAIM SCHEIN 31 MAZESTR
630p JUNE 17 1944
1:40 p.m.
June 30, 1944
0
LSLesser:ro 6/29/44
Regraded Unclassified
MMS
PLAIN
148
June 14, 1944
AMLEGATION
LISBON
CIRCULAR Feurteenth
FOR NORWEB FROM THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD.
On June 9 the President announced to the press
that the army camp Fort Ontarie Oswege New York has
been set aside as an emergency refugee shelter to
house one thousand refugees who are being brought to
this country immediately from Italy outside the regular
immigration procedure. Refugees will remain in the
camp for the duration of the war. The text of the
cable despatched to Ambassador Rebert Murphy in Algiers
on June 8 was releaded to the press by the President
and appeared in the radie bulletim of June 9. The
War Refugee Beard is charged by the President with
overall responsibility for this preject. The army has
been directed to take the necessary security precautions
to insure that the refugees remain in the camp during
the war. The War Relocation Authority is to be respon-
sible for the actual administration of the camp. The
Beard regards the action taken by the President as a
great step ferward in the efforts of this Government
to rescue refugees in iminent danger of death and to
afford all pessible relief and assistance to such
victims. This step can only be properly appeaised
against the background of the many vigereus measures
taken by the President and the Beard in the intensive
effort to rescue the victims of Hitler's extermination
pelicies. The action taken by the President in bring-
ing refugees from Italy to a place of safety in this
country should again demonstrate clearly to the world
that it is an important policy of this Government to
rescue as many refugees as pessible. Following this
announcement this Government should be in a stronger
positien to urge Allied and neutral countries to 030-
pand their efforts on behalf of refugees. It to the
confident hope of this Geverament that through the
joint efforts of Allied and neutral countries many
additional lives can be saved. Hopefully, the Pres-
ident's action will become known in the eccupied areas
and should have an important psychological effect in
convincing the Nasis and their auberdinates through-
out Europe that this Government is serious in its
deep concern for the fate of persecuted peoples. Evidence
is already at hand that the efforts of this Government
in the refugee field have brought new hope to the per-
secuted people in the eccupied areas and the President's
action should serve as a further manifestation of the
effectiveness and security if the humonitarion pelicy
of this Government.
The President has also directed, in addition to
the acties indicated above. that a survey be made in-
modiately of the pessibility of enlarging existent
refugee.
Regraded
149
-2-
refugee facilities in the Mediterraness Area and find-
ing new havens of refuge in that area for these pe@ple.
Novements to increase the queta of the refugee camps in
the Middle East from 25,000 to 40,000 are being made.
The opening of a camp in Tripelitania which would ao-
commedate about 1500 persons has been agreed to by the
British Goornment. We are canvassing the possibility
of taking refugees to Cyprus together with possibility
that some southern Italy refugees may be eared for in
Sicily, pursuant to the President's suggestion. We
are also exploring ether pessibilities. The above rep-
resents an effort of this Government, in cooperation
with the British Government, to find places of refugee
in which shelter may be found by all pessons escaping
from Italy.
You are requested, keeping the above in mind, to
act as expeditiously as possible in the fellowing nammer.
The foregoing should be brought to the attention of the
government to which you are accredited, the significance
of the action in the refugee field being emphasised.
The determination of this Government to find havens
of refuge for all persecuted peoples who can escape
from Germam-centrelled areas should be made clear to
the government to which you are accredited. Please
explere carefully therefore with such government all
possible means by which further aid in the rescue and
relief of victims of enemy persecution can be given
by it. Consistent with the military situation every
effort should be made to give publicity in the neutral
countries and dn enemy territories to the President&s
action and its dignificance.
The results of the action which you take pursuant
to this telegram should be reported immediately.
HULL
(GHW)
CODE ROOM: Repeat mutatis muntandis to Madrid, Steck-
holm, Lisben, Bera and Ankara.
WHB:MMV:KG
VE
NOW
XE
S/CR
6/12/44
Regraded Unclassified
150
GEM-417
PLAIN
Lisbon
Dated June 14, 1944
Rec'd 9:35 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
1827, Fourteenth, 10 a.m.
FROM PILPEL FOR LEAVITT WRB 70.
JDC 17 Resnik advises approximately 40 Argentinian
nationals interned near Athens whose behalf Argentine
Consul Istanbul Minister Ankara active. Inquiring Resnik
their names and destination which suppose might be Turkey
in transit. You might wish refer Refugee Committee
Buenos Aires.
NORWEB
EDA
EH
Regraded Unclassified
151
GARLE TO MINISTER HARRISON AT BERN FOR McCLELLAND FROM THE
WAR REFUGEE BOARD.
Friends Service Committee would like to know whether it
would be possible to arrange for hospital internment in Switserland
of selected hespitalized or 111 civilian priseners held in Germany
or occupied countries. Committee points out similar arrangements
were worked out during last war.
THIS IS WEB BERN CABLE NO.42.
**********
June 14, 1944
2:30 p.m.
LSLessertals 6/10/44
Regraded Unclassified
152
CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON, BERN, AND McCLELLAND
SECRET
The sus indicated in Department's 1994 of June 10 will be
transferred on June 15 and is for the comfidential purposes outhined.
These funds are net subject to usual government disbursing
gequirements, but you should keep careful record and obtain
receipts whereever possible. They should hot be used for reutine
administrative expenses and you are accountable only to J. We
Pehle for their expenditure.
THIS IS WHB BERN CABLE NO. 41
***********
June 14, 1944
2120 p.m.
6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
15
ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington
TO:
American Legation, Bern
DATED:
June 14, 1944
NUMBER: 2041
CONFIDENTIAL
TO MINISTER HARRISON AT BERN FOR McCLELLAND
The War Refugee Board requests that you deliver the
following message from Jacob Pat, Jewish Labor Committee,
New York, to Professor Liebman Hersch, 18 Avenue Pierre Odier,
Geneva, Switzerland:
"We ask you kindly get in touch with Dr. Friedrich
Siegmund Schultz Hegebachstrasse 123 Zuerich Founder
of the World Alliance for promoting international friend-
ship through the churches for the purpose of common work
for the refugees and sufferers of war. Reverend Dr.
Henry Smith Leiper and his friends already cabled Dr.
Siegmund-Schultz about your eventual call. In case of
financial needs contact Saly Mayer. Inform us of
development of your efforts especially about Mayer's
allocations."
THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 40
HULL
Regraded Unclassified
COPY:DOR:AGH
154
PLAIN
June 14, 1944
U.S. URGENT
AMLEGATION
BERN
2046 fourteenth
Department informed that Anna Fruskin, Hermine
Rose Frunkin and Eugenie Gorlin, respectively wife,
daughter and sister of an American citizen, are at
present interned at Vittel.
Request Swiss Government to compile urgently
list of such unaccempanied close relatives of American
citizens interned in German-controlled areas in order
that Department may consider feasibility of making such
individuals eligible for inclusion in exchanges of
United States and German nationals.
(HULL
SWP:TEC:BB 6-2-44 VD WEB PD FC
Regraded Unclassified
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
155
FROM:
American Legation, Bern
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 14, 1944
NUMBER:
3797
SECRET
Rieger sends the following for Nahum Goldmann World Jewish
Congress (From McClelland for War Refugee Board).
Through ICRC we have received the most urgent new
appeal from Fildermann from Bucharest asking for help for former
deportees of Transnistria refugees from Bessarbia and
Bucovina evacuees from Moldavia, victims of bombardments in
Bucharest and Ploesti and people awaiting emigration to
Palestine. Number of Jewish evacuees Moldavia only 30,000.
Local Jewish relief is absolutely insufficient. Fildermann
urgently appeals for help from the outside world. Telagraph.
Your cable received April 22 is referred to. We cannot
give any accurate information regarding Willy's reliability
despite serious efforts at investigation. Istanbul and
Jerusalem are fully informed on actual situation and possibility
according to our information. You should contact them.
We were asked by the Swiss Political Department what
amounts are expected from the USA for various rescue actions
financed by Congress às the Swiss National Bank must be able
to satisfy all needs. We replied that in view of the changing
situation it is impossible to fix rescue budget beforehand but
consider that besides unforseen needs monthly transfer of
$25,000 may be satisfactory in addition to transfer
administrative budget. Although the Political Department
agreed in principle, it insisted that transfers to France
should pass through the Swiss clearing office utilizing Swiss
Jewish holdings in France which Switzerland wants to
repatriate. This procedure would cost 3.60 to 4 Swiss francs
for 100 French francs while we obtain rate of 1.60 to 1.80
normally. While making this request it was stated by the
Political Department that they are entitled to ask us to pass
throught the clearing office since the Swiss National Bank
must accept blocked dollars for counter-value Swiss france
put at our disposal at official rate. It was intimated by them that
they might be unable to put Swiss francs at our disposal
should we not conform. We answered that this procedure would
deprive us of all advantage resulting from dollar remittances
at official rate and that without consulting New York we
were not able to take a definite position. Kindly indicate
whether it is exact that Swiss francs are put at disposal
by Swiss Government who must accept blocked dollars or
whether they originate from ownings of the Federal Reserve Bank
in Switzerland. Please instruct us as to the attitude we
should adopt and examine with WRB whether in the future our
rescue fund should not be sent through their representative
in Bern An a manner by which such Swiss control would be eliminated.
HARRISON
Regraded Unclassified
156
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Legation, Bern
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED: June 14, 1944
NUMBER: 3799
CONFIDENTIAL
McClelland sends the following for WRB.
From Comite refugees intellectuals for Weissmann, self-help.
Your cable March 22 Ferriere is referred to herewith.
Money parcels have been received by the following people
in France: Baumwald, Hirsch, Idstein, Kauffman, Ledermann,
Ljewstern, Rotheimer, Sellier, Wallach, Wohlgemut, also England
Erin Amsterdam. As yet no answer has been received from the follow-
ing: Druckman, Froeschele, Colbert, Kauffmann, Kreisberger,
Rilbott, Salmon, Steinthal, Wertheimer. Cohen Fritz probably dead.
Please send correct address Neilborn, Gaertner. Schwaddron dead.
Rotter Bernard writes one of his brothers and mother deported.
Following probably deported: Katz, Kraus. Lehmann all right; we
attempting locate Hermann; Sinsheimer France no news for long time;
Wolf, Netter in Switzerland; Berlin leaves France; Harke husband
two years prison for "Rassensehende", wife children France all
right; Hillmann Spain wife baby France received money join husband;
Sanderasch received money to leave France.
HARRISON
Regraded Unclassified
157
CABLE TO AMBASSADOR STEINHARDT, ANKARA TURKEY.
SECRET
Please refer to our 500 of June 2 concerning proposed
charter of "BARDALAND".
We have been advised by both Ambassador Winant in London
and Minister Johnson in Stockholm that the German Government has
flatly refused to authorize use of the "BARDALAND" for refugee evacu-
ation. British Foreign Office has indicated to our Embassy in
London the opinion that the German refusal is prompted by a settled
German policy of refusing in any way to facilitate the evacuation of
Jews to Palestine. In view of this statement and of similar rumors
received in the past, we have asked Minister Johnson to request the
Swedish Government to again approach the Germans for a safe conduct,
assuring the Germans that refugees evacuated on the "BARDALAND"
would be taken from Turkey where they would be landed to havens of
refuge other than Palestine.
It
It is our conviction that if German refusals of safe-conduct
are actually besed upon opposition to evacuation of refugees to
Palestine other havens of refuge can and must be found by the United
States and British Governments. The purpose of the above action is
to ascertain the accuracy of the statements that have been made con-
cerning the German attitude.
Our latest information is that the "BARDALAND" left Piraeus
on June 10th.
This is WRB Cable to Ankara No.
54
.
June 14, 1944 -- 2:30 P.M.
MJMarks:dh 6/11/11
Regraded Unclassified
158
BB-718
Ankara
Distribution of true
reading by special
Dated June 14, 1944
arrangement. $SECENT W)
Recid 185 p.m., 15th
Secretary of State
Washington.
1066, June 14, 8 p.m.
FOR THE WRB FROM THE AMBASSADOR
Ankara No. 76
As it now appears extremely doubtful that either
a German or Bulgarian safe conduct will be granted for
the 88 TARI, as the SS MARITZA has been sunk and the
SS MILKA detained for an indefinite period of time
by the German authorities at Burgas, and as no Turk
vessel irrespective of its tonnage may carry refugees
without permission of the Turk Government in each case,
I have deemed it essential to have & tääk with the
Secretary General of the Foreign Office with a view
to tinducing the Turk authorities to authorize the
use of a number of Turk vessels to transport refugees
from Balkan ports to Istanbul.
The Secretary General expressed his regret at
the situation which has developed with respect to the
TARI, MARTIZA and MILKA and said that notwithstanding
various Turk laws and regulations resulting from
the war which stood in the way of an immediate acquiescence
he believed it would to possible to find some means
of meeting my request. Hemid he would look into the
matter at ance with the purpose of ascertaining what
Turk vessels were available either in Balkan ports or
Istabul and which the Turk Government might be able
to make available for the desired purpose.
Acikelin raised the question of responsibility in
case one of these ships were to be sunk while
operating without safe conduct with a considerable number
of refigees on board observing that it would be mos
unfortunate were the Turk Government to be criticized
for having endeavored to assist in a Humanitarian act.
I replied that the position of Jewish refugees
in the Balkans was now se desperate that it was
reasonably certain they would prefer to run the risk
of attempting a passage without safe conduct rather than
to be left to the tender mercies of the Naxis.
Acikalin then said that under these circumstances he
would endeaver to make some Turk vessels available
for this purpose.
STEINHARDT
WSB BB
Regraded Unclassified
159
ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington
TO:
American Legation, Bern
DATED:
June 14, 1944
NUMBER:
2048
CONFIDENTIAL
FOR MINISTER HARRISON, BERN, AND McCIELLAND
The sum indicated in Department's 1994 of June 10 will be
transferred on June 15 and is for the confidential purposes
outlined in your 3390 of May 27. These funds are not subject
to usual government disbursing requirements, but you should
keep careful record and obtain receipts wherever possible.
They should not be used for routine administrative expenses
and you are accountable only to J. W. Pehle for their expenditure.
THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 41
HULL
Regraded Unclassified
160
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Embassy, Moscow
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 14, 1944
NUMBER: 2152 2142
SECRET
Reference is made herewith to Department's cable of
June 10, No. 1470, concerning proposals of the War Refuges
Board.
A letter has been addressed to Vyshinski by the Embassy
dated May 14, JEmmunicating the text of the statement of the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee and renewing its requests
that the Soviet Government associate itself with the
declaration of the President on March 24. 41so the letter
requests that Soviet radio stations broadcast appropriate
messages to Germany and German satellite countries and that
leaflets supplement the Soviet radio messages.
HARRIMAN
0
Regraded Unclassified
161
CORRECTION ON
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Embassy, Moscow
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED: June 14, 1944
NUMBER: 2142
SECRET
The serial number of this message was erroneously
marked 2152. It should be changed to 2142.
Regraded Inclassified
162
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
VMT-447
Santiago
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 7:48 p.m., 17th
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
JUN 19 1944
Washington.
COMMUNICATIONS
& OF RECORDS
1056, June 14, 4 p.m.
Department's confidential telegrams June 3, 1 p.m.
and June 10, 7 p.m. regarding the monetary and financial
conference. Chilsan delagation will LEEVE Sentiago June 21
and will Enter at Miami probably June 23. President of
delagation Luis Alamos Barros. Delegates Alfonso Fernandez
Martorall, Arturo Mascke Tornero, and Fernando Mardones
Restat. Auxiliary personnel will comprise 2 or 3, one of
which will come from Chile and one or two from Chilean Em-
bassy, Washington. All from Chile males. In addition rooms
for delegation ONE big office needed for meetings. Arturo
Mascke and one other (name unknown) will attend informal
meeting Atlantic City, June 24. Mascke is manager Central
Bank. Other detail follows.
BOWERS
WMB
EEC
Regraded Unclassified
163
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FBM-110
Chungking via N. R.
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 2:30 a.m,
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT (iF STATE
Washington.
JUN 14 1941
NS
URGENT
1027, June 14, 9 a.m.
Department's circular June 3, 6 p.m., Monetary
Conference.
Foreign Office states that while the minimum
of listed personnel of delegation comprises 22 persons
in addition to himself, Dr. Kung requests that
accommodations and office space bE reserved for
30. Also tentatively 25 persons including himself
and Madame Kung with two attendants will travel
together on special plane. Counselors of delagation
as tentatively listed include Victor Hoo, Administrative
Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs and X. C. Koo,
Administrative Vice Minister of Finance, technical
Experts include Tsu YEE PE1, General Manager Bank
of China; K. K. Kwok, General Manager Central Bank;
Arthur Young, American Adviser to Finance Ministry;
Chi Chao-Ting,
Regraded Unclassified
164
-2- #1027, June 14, 9 a.m., from Chungking via N. R.
Chi Chao-Ting, Secretary General of the Exchange
Control Commission.
Foreign Office states that final list with
desired data will bE furnished as soon as possible.
GAUSS.
HTM
Regraded Unclassified
- DÉPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION 0165
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
AMT-166
Chungking
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before bEing
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 10:42 a.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Secretary of State,
Washington.
JUN 15 1944
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS a RECORDS
1031, June 14, 5 p.m.
Department's circular June 10, 7 p.m.
WE are informally informed that Dr. Kung has
appointed Hsi TEh-Mo, T. L. Soong, P. W. Kuo and
T. F. Tsiang.
GAUSS
RB
WSB
166
PARAPHRASE OF THILDGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
AMERGASSY, CHUNGKING
TO:
SECRETARY OF STATE, WASHINGTON
DATED:
JUNE 14, 1944
NO.:
1032
COMPIDENTIAL
There is no objection to Friedman in so far as the Rubassy has
been informed.
The foregoing is for the attention of the Treasury Department.
GAUSS
DCR:MAS:JC 6/16/44
ef:copy
6-19-44
Regraded Unclassified
167
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
MRE-445
Bogota
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
REc'd 10:31 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington
DIVISION OF
JUN 16 1944
1071, June 14, 5 p.m.
COMMUNICATIONS
Embassy unable to obtain
EstimANDE RECORDS.StEd in
Department's circular telegram dated June 3, 6 p.m.
from the Foreign Office but Antonio Puerto today
informed the Embassy hE has accepted appointment as
DElEgatE to Bratton Woods Conference. Puerto states
Dr. Carlos Lleras Restrepo will head delegation and
other delegates will bE Miguel Lopez Pumartjo, Puerto,
and possibly Mario Ospina Perez. Ospina is prominent
moderate Conservative Senator and is now in NEW York.
Other delegates well known to Department. Two male
secretaries will probably bE assigned to the delagation
from the United States. Puerto requests unofficially
that following tentative arrangements bE made:
RESERVE three bedrooms for delegates and one for
secretaries.
RESERVE three connecting or adjoining offices.
Lleras and Puerto leaving Barranquilla for Miami
June 22,
Regraded Unclassified
168
-2- #1071, Junt 14, 5 p.m., From Bogota
June 22, will stay one day Miami and desire reservation
ofddrawing room on fast train leaving Miami morning of
June 24. This is Dr. Lleras' first trip to the United
States. Please telegraph if this reservation possible.
Miguel Lopez will arrive Miami with wife June 22
and will place her in hospital in Baltimore, probably
joining other delegates in NEW York.
Will telegraph further information when available.
DANIELS
BB
Regraded Unclassified
169
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
BE-217
Cairo
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Governmental
Rec'd 1 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington
JUN 14 1940
U.S. URGENT
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS a RECORDS
1607, June 14, 9 p.m.
Authority requested to issue official section
three (one) visa to Leon Dichy who has been appointed
secretary to the Egyptian Delegation to the
Monetary and Financial Conference (Legation's
telegram No. 1580, June 10, 6 p.m.)
Leon Dichy is an Egyptian subject and will be
issued an Egyptian official passport.
JACOBS
RB WSB
Regraded Unclassified
170
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
MRE-441
Guatemala
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 10:25 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington
JUN 16 1944
DIVISION OF
361, June 14, 6 p.m.
COMMUNICATIONS A DECUMBER
Referring to the Embassy's telegram No. 320, May 28,
10 a.m., Dr. Manuel Noriaga Morales, at present Guatemalan
Exchange student at Harvard University doing port-graduate
work in Economic sciences, has been named Guntemalan
delegate to the Monetary and Financial Conference.
LONG
RB
RR
Regraded Unclassified
171
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
MB - #257
Tegucigalpa
This telegram must be
peraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 2:49 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
t-
Washington.
JUN 15 1944
WS
180, June 14, 10 a.m.
CORDS
Foreign Office advises that Ambassedor Caceres
will be sole representative of Honduras to International
Monetary Conference. Reference Department's circular
telegram of June 3, 6 p.m.
ERWIN
EJH
LMS
Regraded Unclassified
172
KEM
AIRGRAM
NEW DElhi
Dated June 14, 1944
REC'd 8 a.m., 24th.
Secretary of State,
Washing
JUN 24 1944
A-57, June 14, 5 p.m.
For the American delegation to the monetary
conference.
In a press interview at Bombay on June 7, 1944,
Mr. A.D. Shroff, one of the two delegates of India who
are not government officials, is reported to have made
the following statement:
"The international monetary conference which
President Roosevelt has convened to meet on July 1
is to consider a scheme for the establishment of
an International Monetary Fund, the principles of
which are reported to have been agreed to by the
Experts of important United Nations. Sir Jeremy
Raisman, Finance Liember, assured the General Policy
Committee of the Reconstruction Committee last
January that !the Government of India would take
their decision on this important question as
independently as any other United Nation.
"The delegation therefore appointed by the Govern-
ment of India consisting of officials and non-
officials will not bE working on any brief of
directions by the Secretary of State for India.
"The question that obviously agitates India most
is what is going to happen to the rapidly accunu-
lating sterling balances in London. In the agreed
statement of principles which will bE the basis of
discussion at the conference, the question of
abnormal
Regraded Unclassified
173
-2- #h-57, June 14, 5 p.m., from NEW DElhi.
abnormal war balances has now bEEn omitted,
whereas both in the KEYNES and White plans this
question occupied 0 prominent place. As pointed
out by the Acing Finance Member recently in Delhi
the Indian delegation will bE free to raise this
issue at the conference. This news appears to have
upset SOME of the London financial journals. Their
annoyance appears to bE incomprehensible to India.
"Those of us in India who have seriously applied
their minds to the study of this question feel
convinced that unless a satisfactory arrangement
is reached between India and His Majesty's Government
regarding an orderly liquidation of the sterling
balances at an early date no scheme of international
monetary arrangement can bE a matter of supreme
interest to us. I have no doubt that the Government
of India are fully apprised of the fact that
representative commercial Indian opinion feels very
strongly on this question and that the Indian delegation
will miss no opportunity of pressing this point of
view on suitable occasion.
"In the scheme itself the Indian delegation will have
to SEE that undue Emphasis is not given to the
maintenance and promotion of international trade
which, though a matter of importance to all countries
is not of comparative importance to India as the
question of internal Economic development. India
can only bE attracted towards an interna tional
arrangement which not only leaves her free to pursue
her own policies in her best Economic interests but
will also assist her in obtaining those conditions
of high level of Employment and better standards of
living which are supposed to bE the purpose of the
international monetary fund.
"India in common with China will also have to press
for Effective representation on the EXECUTIVE
committee of mana EMENT to Ensure that it is not
only the WESTERN hemisphere that is Exclusively
concerned in impartial and Efficient management
of this fund."
MERRELL
851.5
STM-cwb
Regraded Unclassified
174
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
GEM-284
Monrovia
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
Dated June 14, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Governmental
Rec'd 4:32 p.m.
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington.
JUN 16 1944
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
130, June 14, 5 p.m.
Liberian Government requests that the Department
facilitate travel of delegates to Monetary Conference
via Eastern Airlines to New York immediately upon
arrival at Miami, Florida.
WALTON
EDA
RR
Regraded Unclassified
175
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
PLAIN
FIC -304
London
Dated June 14, 1944
Rec'd 5:06 p.m.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
4744, 14
JUN 15 1944
LUXEM
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS a RECORDS
FROM SCHOENFELD
Your circular telegram, June 3.
Hugues le Gallais, Luxembourg Minister at
Washington, has been appointed Luxembourg Delegate to
Monetary Conference.
WIN/NT
MRM
LMS
MMS
June 14, 1944
176
DEPARTMENT telegram must OUTGOING
DIVISION OF
OF paraphrased before being
4 pem.
COMMUNICATIONS
STAT Eother than a Government
communicated to anyone the EGRAM
AND RECORDS
agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT STATE
AMEMBASSY
JUN 16 440
MEXICO, D.F.
DIVISION OF
1134
MUNICATIONS a RECORDS
You report that members of the Mexican delegation
to the Monetary and Financial Conference expect to
arrive in Washington on July 18. Reference your
telegram 828 June 11, 4 p.m. This date is apparently
incorrect since the conference at Bretton Woods
commences on July 1 and the meeting at Atlantic City
begins June 24, Hotel reservations are being made
for the delegates at Atlantic City and Bretton Woods.
HULL
(JPY)
FMA:JPY:VMC
6/13/44
S/CR
MA
ARA
177
NOT TO BE RE-TRANSMITTED
COPY NO.
SECRET
OPTEL No. 195
Information received up to 10 a.m., 14th June, 1944.
1. NAVAL
HOME WATERS. Steady rate of unloading maintained yesterday on
NORMANDY Beaches. Enemy mine-laying aircraft have been operating in
the Eastern Task Force area where sweeping is difficult owing to the
mass of shipping. Mines laid in previously swept waters are coming
to life through delayed action. Two AA landing barges have now en-
tered the OUISTREHAM-CAEN Canal.
Last night one of H.M. Destroyers and a Polish Destroyer en-
gaged and sank two out of 7 enemy minesweepers off CHANNEL Islands,
two others probably damaged. One of H.M. Frigates also engaged a
minesweeper off CAPE BARFLEUR. Little E-boat activity owing to
weather.
One of H.M. Battleships bound for ROSYTH yesterday to change
her guns mined off HARWICK, but proceeding under own power. One of
H.M. Destroyers while escorting Normandy convoy off PORTLAND BILL
yesterday hit and sunk by two JU 88 torpedoes, 2 officers, 10
ratings picked up. On 13th Catalina sank a U-boat north of the SHET-
LANDS. 25 survivors in dinghies seen. The Catalina was shot down but
crew known rescued by air sea rescue service,
2. MILITARY
FRANCE. U.S. Front. Heavy fighting in progress for MONTE-
BOURG. Situation unchanged CARENTAN sector in spite of heavy German
attacks. Further left substantial gains made by capture of ST, CLAIR
and CAUMONT,
British Front. Armoured formations have byoassed TILLY SUR-
SEULLES and captured VILLERS BOCAGE. Strong German attacks have been
repulsed east of CAEN. TROARN is in our hands.
ITALY. To noon 13th. Continued progress ADRIATIC sector
where Indian patrols approached ATRI, 15 miles N.W. PESCARA. North
of AVEZZANO Marshes New Zealanders made slight advance up AQUILA
Road. On left flank 8th Army leading elements U.K. armour entered
NARNI on the TERNI road, South Africans brke through German rear-
guard position at BAGNOREGIO capturing several prisoners and in-
flicting heavy casualties. Their tanks continued advance meeting
demolitions. Further left French patrols reached N.E. tip LAKE
BOLSENA while from the Western shore a general advance by French and
U.S. forces cut the lateral road east of PITIGLIANO and captured
PITIGLIANO and MANCHIANO. U.S. troops have crossed River ALBEGNA.
BURMA. Operations to clear KOHIMA-IMPHAL road continue
against heavy Japanese opposition.
3. AIR OPERATIONS
WESTERN FRONT. 12th/13th. 1,440 tons on GELSENKIRCHEN, 1,831
on four railway objectives FRANCE and 398 on CAEN railway bridge.
Over 110 small vessels attacked by Coastal Command aircraft over wide
area off Dutch and French coasts. At least 22 E-boats, armed trawlers
etc., were destroyed or damaged,
13th. U.S. heavy bombers (2 missing) dropped 220 tons on rail-
ways near RENNES and ST. NAZAIRE. Their supporting fighters (4
missing) dropped 142 tons on enemy transport and destroyed six German
aircraft. Advance reports from A.E.A.F. state about 280 tons on road
and railway objectives, towns villages and bridges behind the battle
area. Off North French coast three E-boats destroyed and 3 damaged.
13th/14th. Aircraft despatchedr MUNCHEN-GLADBACH and DUREN -
11 Mosquitoes, other tasks 59. Enemy casualties over bridgehead 3,
o, 1.
ITALY. 12th. 527 medium bombers and fighters (4 missing)
attacked bridges and other targets Central ITALY.
Regraded Unclassified
178
June 15, 1944
6:55 p.m.
HMJr:
Hello.
Operator:
Justice Byrnes.
HMJr:
Hello.
Operator:
Go ahead.
Justice Byrnes'
secretary:
There you are.
Justice James
Byrnes:
Hello.
HMJr:
Henry talking.
B:
Henry, I didn't want to bother you immediately
upon your return. It - it was a call I had
left there earlier.
HMJr:
Oh, well, I
B:
When did you get back?
HMJr:
Just ten minutes ago, and the message was the
minute I came in to call you.
B:
oh, no, well, I - I'll tell you what it was.
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
Fred had told the President about your recommenda-
tions for appointments to the Monetary Commission
and they had Tobey, and the - the Chief, after
reading the memorandum, thought that it was all
wrong and he was very strong not to appoint Tobey,
and
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
he said -- told it to me, and I - I told
him about his asking me to tell Barkley to - to
go and get somebody else, and
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
I wrote him and told him that you and Fred
had gone over all of that, and whether he liked
it or not that there wasn't anything else to do.
That it would. make a mountain out of a mole hill,
and that Vandenberg had declined and Danaher had
Regraded Unclassified
179
- 2 -
B: (cont'd)
declined, and
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
White had declined, and that it would just
make an issue and that when you and Fred were
of the opinion that we ought to go along with
Tobey, there wasn't anything else to do. So, he
sent me a note and said he felt spineless, and
that there wasn't any reason for appointing him,
but that if we all had double-teamed him, that
he'd have to surrender, and to tell you to go
ahead with it.
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
He - he evidently felt stronger on the subject
than any of us have anticipated, but I - I
....
HMJr:
Well ....
B:
....
wanted you to know that
....
HMJr:
The background.
B:
....
I calmed him down. I
HMJr:
Good.
B:
thought of all the background that you
gentlemen had already gone over all of that,
and he was coming in at the eleventh hour;
that everything had been exhausted, and that
he'd make that fellow a hero and solidify the
Republican support of him, and make -- take that
in an international thing that he was taking a
partisan viewpoint.
HMJr:
Yeah. Well, that's - that's the way Fred and I
felt, and furthermore
....
B:
Well, I think you're right.
HMJr:
.... as I told Fred, if Tobey makes a damn fool
of himself, we can say, "Well, if the Republican
wins, he'll be chairman of Banking and Currency".
B:
Yeah.
HMJr:
"And that's the kind of fellow you've got".
Regraded Unclassified
180
- 3 -
B:
There wasn't any question, and I - I just -
I wasn't going to even ask Barkley to do any
of the things he wanted me to.
HMJr:
I don't think
....
B:
You put on a fine program the other night, Henry.
HMJr:
Ah - you liked it?
B:
Oh, it was swell!
HMJr:
Well, that's very nice.
B:
Swell! That - I'll tell you it was a - the
whole thing, from beginning to end
....
HMJr:
You mean
B:
it was a very fine program.
HMJr:
You mean the one from Texarkana?
B:
Yes. That was a swell program.
HMJr:
Well, I'm glad you liked it. I thought the
President was awfully good.
B:
Very good. Well, you were good, yourself.
HMJr:
Thank you.
B:
And I'll tell you, that fellow - that "Joe" ....
HMJr:
Yes.
B:
that was a very impressive thing.
HMJr:
You liked that?
B:
Oh, yeah. That was -- that was - that fellow
did that well. He - he - the whole thing made a
splendid impression on everybody.
HMJr:
Well, that's very kind of you.
B:
Yes, sir. You had a bad trip, I suppose.
HMJr:
Well, we left Los Angeles this morning at three
o'clock, Washington time, and I just got in.
Regraded Unclassified
181
- 4 -
B:
Three o'clock this morning.
HMJr:
Yeah.
B:
Oh, go on to bed!
HMJr:
(Laughs) All right.
B:
Good-bye.
HMJr:
Good-bye.
Regraded Unclassified
POP VICTORY
BUY
UNITED
STATES
TREASURY department
WAR
BONDS
...
STAMPS
WAR FINANCE COMMITTEE
OFFICE OF STATE CHAIRMAN
Forrest City, Arkansas
June 15, 1944
Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
Secretary of the Treasury
Washington 25, D. C.
Dear Mr. Secretary:
You paid Arkansas and the Southwest a high honor in open-
ing the Fifth War Loan Drive at Texarkana. It was a pleasure
and inspiration to be with you on this momentous occasion.
I want to assure you again that the citizens of Arkansas
will respond to every call of the Treasury, and in this Fifth
War Loan Drive your organization, all the way down to town-
ship and school-district committees in each of the 75 counties,
is determined to make a thorough canvass and roll up a sub-
scription way above the quota assigned.
On behalf of the War Finance Committee of Arkansas, I wish
to express our appreciation of your fine leadership, and we
consider it a privilege to work with you in this important
undertaking.
Yours sincerely,
fly W. W. Campbell, State Chairman
War Finance Committee
WWC/fed
Regraded Unclassified
Farm
hee Call July
183-
THE UNDER SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
WASHINGTON
June 15, 1944
TO MRS. KLOTZ:
The Secretary asked me on the phone the
other night to tell you to get copies of the
President's cable to Churchill and a copy of
his letter to Chiang Kai-shek as they actually
went out from the White House. A draft of the
cable to Churchill was sent over to the
President late Sunday and I understand went
out Monday, and the letter to Chiang Kai-shek
was sent over to the White House just after
the Secretary left on his trip.
The Secretary said that you usually get
for your files copies of the messages that
are actually sent out from the White House.
DWB
Mus Kloty: Idv not
complied with What Datked
believe my request has been
fur Pres. was time sent copies to chun of will what and
FORVICTORY
BUY
STATES
BONDS
AND
STAMPS
Jully for true 10m.20 copies.
chicing Please ask Miss
UNITED
WAR
Regraded Unclassified
184
June 15, 1944
My dear Mr. Secretary:
The Treasury Department has been asked to comment
on the sale by this Government and the British Government
of relief and rehabilitation supplies and of surplus Army
stocks in the liberated areas.
I understand it is now contemplated that some portion
of the supplies to be made available to the liberated areas
by the United Kingdom will be from stocks of lend-lease
origin or closely similar goods, as indicated by a pro-
posal in the form of a draft of an Aide-Memoire and & note
to the British Embassy which was transmitted informally by
the Foreign Economic Administration to this Department
for comment. I understand that & copy of this draft has
also been made available to your Department for its con-
sideration. It is suggested in this proposal that the
United States should receive only a part of the proceeds
of United Kingdom sales of goods of lend-lease origin or
an equivalent of closely similar goods.
The Treasury Department cannot agree to this sugges-
tion that this Government receive only a portion of the
proceeds from the sale by the United Kingdom of supplies
which the United Kingdom received from us under lend-lease.
I believe that during the military period the proceeds from
sales by the United Kingdom to the Governments of liberated
areas of lend-lease supplies or an equivalent of closely
similar goods, should be received by the United States and
be applied to the credit of the United Kingdom in reduction
of the net balance due this Government under lend-lease.
A more detailed statement will be transmitted to
your Department in the near future expressing the Treasury
Regraded Unclassified
185
- 2 -
Department's views concerning the draft of Aide-Memoire
and note to the British Embassy, together with our views
concerning the related subject matter set forth in a
letter of May 19, 1944, addressed to Mr. White by the
Chief of the Liberated Areas Division of your Department.
Very truly yours,
(Wigned) K. Morgenthau, Jr.
Secretary of the Treasury
Honorable Cordell Hull
Secretary of State
Washington, D. C.
REM:EG
6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
186
Treasury Department
Office of the Under Secretary
Date: 6/15
To: mrs. Klatz.
From:
Serms This might
he held for Sery's
signature. d changed
Harry's draft after
consulting mr. Vinson, who
gave me about what
The Pres. said DWB
187
25
June 15, 1944
My dear Mr. Somers:
I have your night letter of June 10, 1944,
regarding the Congressional representation at the
United tions Monetary and Financial Conference.
I am sorry to be so long in answering, but I
have been out of Washington in connection with the
inauguration of the Fifth War Loan. The Department
has been advised that you sent a similar letter to
the President and that he has replied fully explain-
ing the matter.
Sincerely yours,
(Wigned) H. Morgenthau, Jr.
Honorable Andrew L. Somers
House of Representatives
EMB:DWB:NLE
Unclassified
T
E
L
E
G
R
WUTO GOVT NL
A
P
BROOKLYN NY JUNE 10 1944
$
1944 JUN 11 AM 11 20
H
HENRY MORGENTHAU JR
T
4
THIS MORNINGS PAPER REVEALS THE SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES FROM THE
R
E
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE BANKING AND CURRENCY COMMITTEE TO THE
A
S
UNITED NATIONS MONETARY CONFERENCE THE COMMITTEE ON COINAGE WEIGHTS
U
AND MEASURES SENIOR IN EVERY RESPECT TO BANKING CURRENCY HANDLED YOUR
R
Y
STABI
T
IZATION FUND LEGISLATIONAPPARENTLY TO YOUR COMPLETE SATISFACTION
E
I
AND NOW CANNOT UNDERSTAND THE HUMILIATING EFFRONT.
E
G
ANDREW L SOMERS CHAIRMAN COINAGE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
R
1205P JUN 11
A
P
H
T
R
F
Regraded Unclassified
June 15, 1944
form 188 -A
Dear Mrs. Klotz:
Appended are drafts of two separate speeches,
each serving a different purpose. The Secretary
has to make at least two speeches, the first wel-
coming the Delegates. That one should be brief,
general and inspirational in tone. He must also
make a second speech when he accepts the election
as President of the Conference. This second one
should, in our judgment, deal more with the
particular problems before the Conference; it will
have to be longer and probably more technical in
character.
The appended drafts were prepared by Messrs.
Bernstein and Luxford and in my judgment provide
a good basis upon which Fred Smith and Herbert
Gaston can work. In the meantime, we will also
work on revisions here.
We are over our heads in work and so far
none of the Treasury staff has even seen the ocean,
nd
much less smelled it. However, I promised the
staff they could have from twelve to two off on
Sunday.
H.D.W.
P. S. Please see that Mr. Gaston gets a copy.
Regraded Unclassified
188- B
DRAFT OF THE SECRETARY'S ACCEPTANCE STATEMENT
The deep gratification I feel for the confidence you have
expressed in me is tempered by the realization of the enormous
responsibility with which this Conference is charged. No one
cognizant of the facts under-estimates the difficulties of the
task that has been given to us. All of us hope that in a spirit
of friendly cooperation we can meet these problems.
The two great wars of this generation, and the decades of
uncertainty and confusion between them, are the most convincing
proof that security and prosperity are inseparable, that both are
beyond the power of any one country to assure for itself, and that
only by acting together can we avert the dangers that threaten us
separately. The great and powerful nations gathered at this
conference have demonstrated their determination and their ability
to fight together to assure a free world. We must now demonstrate
that these nations can work together in solving their common
economic problems.
The economic life of all countries is closely tied to that
of others, and they must inevitably share in general prosperity
or general depression. No country, however great and strong, can
stand apart and be indifferent while the world economy is torn
asunder. The great economic tragedy of our time is that countries
Regraded Unclassified
188 - C
- 2 -
neglected this fundamental truth, that they permitted the economic
and financial instability that grew out of the previous war to
degenerate into the world-wide depression of the 1930's. We are
determined that this time we shall be forehanded in dealing with
the economic and financial problems of this war.
Unfortunately in the period of the 1930's currency disorders
were allowed to develop which spread from country to country,
destroying the basis for international trade and international
investment. Controls and restrictions were imposed and extended
without regard to their effect on other countries. Some countries,
in a desperate attempt to secure for themselves a larger share d'
a shrinking volume of world trade, resorted to competitive de-
preciation of currencies, the direct effect of which was to
contribute to a general weakening of exchange rates. Exchange
control was adopted as a means for forcing a balance in inter-
national accounts. In a few countries these devices were frankly
used as instruments for economic and political pressure, economic
weapons in preparation for the war that was eady planned by
the Nazi, Fascist and Imperialist dictators.
The international financial problems that gave rise to the
monetary disorder of the 1930's remained unsolved. The spreading
depression was halted largely by measures of a domestic character;
but international economic life remained stagnated. The interchange
of raw materials and of finished products continued at depression
Regraded Unclassified
188 D
- 3 -
levels, stifIed by trade restrictions, exchange instability, exchange
controls, discriminatory currency arrangements, blocked balances and
other devices of economic aggression in which peaceful and prosperous
trade cannot flourish.
To these unsettled problems of the 1930's, there have been added
in the past five years the new problems growing out of the war. Of
necessity, normal international economic relationships have been
disrupted and great structural changes have taken place in the
world economy as a result of the war. In every country, controls
and restrictions have been placed upon international transactions
in order to conserve foreign exchange resources or to impose an
economic and financial blockade of the enemy. These wartime
controls, effective instruments for winning the war, can be des-
tructive elements in the period of peace. We must prepare now to
avert the tragedy of a new breakdown of currencies, wide-spread
exchange instability, and the retention and extension of the
controls and restrictions imposed during the war.
The decade of the 1930's saw the virtual extinction of inter-
national investment for productive purposes. For more than a
century international investment had been an important factor in
economic progress and in the steady and balanced growth of inter-
national trade. The productive resources of many of the nations
gathered at this conference, including the United States, were
developed in large part with the aid of investment funds provided
by the older industrial countries. At the same time, the
development of these new countries contributed to the expansion
Regraded Unclassified
188 -E
- 4 -
of world markets and the phenomenal growth in the supply of the
raw materials needed by the new industrial world. This healthy
development of international investment was interrupted by the
first World War. Unfortunately, when international investment
was resumed in the 1920's, the projects were, too often, ill-
conceived and the funds unproductively used.
Deep depression in the lending countries and in the borrowing
countries, the aggressive acts of Germany, Italy and Japan, but
above all the serious currency disorders and the restrictive
measures on the transfer of earnings and the return of capital,
all contributed to bringing about a serious deterioration of
international investment in the 1930's. Productive and profitable
international investment was replaced by a flight of capital
seeking security and refuge in the countries where some measure
of financial and political stability still prevailed. The present
war has, of course, halted completely the normal process of inter-
national investments, with the great lending countries absorbed in
the task of producing and using the great weight of armaments with
which they will crush the enemy.
The restoration of international trade after the war depends
not only upon the establishment of stable and orderly exchange
arrangements but on the revival of international investment. To
the great industrial countries, which are also the great lending
countries, the resumption of international investment for productive
Regraded Unclassified
188-F
- 5 -
purposes will make easier the task of restoring their peace-time
industries and of maintaining a high level of employment. To the
newer countries international investment will facilitate economic
development and provide them with a market for their production
of raw materials and semi-finished products. To all countries,
the expansion of international trade on the basis of sound inter-
national investment is essential for a healthy and prosperous
economy.
No one can doubt that opportunities for profitable and productive
international investment will continue in a world that is assured
peace and freedom. To some extent, private capital will again flow
abroad after the war, particularly in the field of direct investment
which involves the provision of technical knowledge as well as
capital. But the flow of international capital in the years im-
mediately after the war will be far less than the sums that can be
economically used unless investors are assured of a recurrence of
losses from depreciated currency and exchange restrictions, from
failures and defaults.
The establishment of stable and orderly currency arrangements
will provide a sound foundation for international investment. We
must be prepared, however, to give active aid and encouragement
to international investment if this should prove necessary. The
restoration of international investment on a sound basis is in
the common interest of the investor and the borrower, and to the
advantage of the lending and borrowing countries and the world
economy in general.
Regraded Unclassified
188 - G
- 6 -
The stabilization of currencies and the revival of international
investment are not simply technical problems of importance to foreign
exchange traders and investment bankers. They are vital factors in
the flow of raw materials, the movement of finished goods, and the
maintenance of a high level of production and consumption. In every
country, agriculture and industry must find abroad important sources
of supply or large segments of their market. Without a high level
of international trade we cannot hope for the prosperity which is
the only sound basis for democratic government and world peace.
For more than ten years, as Secretary of the United States
Treasury, I have been concerned with the growth of restrictions
on international exchange transactions and the decline of inter-
national investment. Throughout this difficult period, it has been
the policy of the United States Treasury to contribute in every
possible way to the intelligent solution of international monetary
and financial problems. To facilitate the maintenance of orderly
exchanges, the United States Treasury informally cooperated with
the Finance Ministries of a number of countries in meeting exchange
problems as they arose. Whatever small measure of success we had
in the 1930's in retarding the continued depreciation of currencies
and the spread of stringent exchange controls was in part due to
this policy of informal cooperation.
188-H
- 7 -
To formalize cooperation in maintaining stable exchanges, the
United States, the United Kingdom and France entered into the
Tri-Partite Accord under which they and the other countries adhering
to this Accord, Belgium, the Netherlands and Switzerland, agreed to
consult on exchange questions with a view to preventing unnecessary
fluctuations in exchange rates and helping to remove the restrictions
on exchange transactions. This polity of consultation was extended
in the bilaterial exchange arrangements with our Latin American
neighbors and with other countries in which dollar exchange was
made available, under adequate safeguards, for the purpose d'
facilitating the maintenance of stable exchange rates.
As Secretary of the Treasury, I was deeply concerned with the
decline of international investment for productive purposes in
the 1930's and the large and destructive flight of capital growing
out of the monetary and political uncertainty of this decade. In
1934, the United States Treasury undertook the systematic collection
of data on short-term capital movements. When the war broke out,
these data were extremely helpful to the Treasury in the effective
administration of our Foreign Funds Control which had no other
purpose than to safeguard the foreign exchange resources of the
invaded countries and to prevent the use of such looted resources
by the enemy. It is our intention, in cooperation with other
countries, to relinquish such controls as soon as they can be
safely done, and to restore the free movement of capital to and
from the United States.
Regraded
Unclassifie
188 - I
- 8 -
The experience of the past ten years has convinced me that
international cooperation on a multilateral basis provides the
only means for establishing a stable and orderly system of inter-
national currency relationships and for reviving international
investment, without which world trade cannot grow and prosperity
in the great trading countries is impossible. At my request the
technical staff of the United States Treasury, in cooperation with
other departments of this Government, undertook in 1941 the study
of these problems for the specific purpose of preparing practical
proposals for international cooperation on monetary and financial
problems. As you know, the same problems have been given very
careful and extended study by the experts of the United Kingdom
and other countries.
The tentative proposals of the experts have been made available
to the public and have been submitted to Finance Ministers for
consideration. For more than two years the technical experts of
the United Nations have been discussing these proposals on an
unofficial basis. These exploratory discussions have revealed
the general opinion of the experts that difficult though these
problems are, they can be solved, and that they are appropriately
matters for international cooperation.
The experts have recommended that steps be taken to maintain
a stable and orderly system of exchanges and to avoid competitive
exchange depreciation; to assist in the establ ishment of multilateral
Regraded Unclassified
188-J
- 9 -
payments facilities on current international transactions and in
the elimination of the foreign exchange restrictions which hamper
the growth of world trade. Countries should be given confidence
in undertaking such policies by making available to them, under
adequate safeguards, the foreign exchange needed to meet their
adverse balances on current international transactions while they
take steps to correct the maladjustments in their balance of pay-
ments without resorting to measures destructive of national or
international prosperity.
Through such means, it will be possible to facilitate the
expansion and balanced growth of international trade and to con-
tribute to the maintenance of a high level of employment in real
income which must be a primary objective of economic policy. To
assure common action on these purposes and policies the experts
have recommended the establishment of an International Monetary
Fund to be a permanent institution to promote international monetary
cooperation and to provide the machinery for consultation on inter-
national monetary problems.
The discussions of the experts on the problems of international
investment have revealed a general opinion that the restoration of
private international investment for productive purposes is an
international problem that can be solved only through international
cooperation. The benefits of international investment are wold-
wide in scope and the responsibility for the maintenance of an
Regraded Unclassified
188-K
- 10 -
adequate level of international investment must be international.
While all countries cannot undertake to be lenders abroad, there
is every reason why they should join as guarantors in international
investment from which they all derive benefits.
It has been proposed to establish a Bank for Reconstruction and
Development in which all of the United and Associated Nations would
participate. The principal function of such a Bank would be to
guarantee loans made by private investors for approved projects
which contribute to the productivity of the borrowing country and
which can be serviced out of the accruing foreign exchange resources
of the borrowing country. Only where market conditions make it
impossible to secure funds from private investors on reasonable
terms would the Bank participate in or make loans out of its own
resources. In fact, it is expected that a large part of the
capital of such an institution would be reserved as a surety fund
for securities guaranteed by the Bank.
This, in brief, is the program of international cooperation on
monetary and financial problems that has been proposed by the
technical experts. No one who has worked closely with these problems
pretends that this program will miraculously cure the ills of a world
that has gone through a decade of severe restrictions and 8 ntrols
and five years of destructive war. We are all conscious of the fact
that the proper domestic policies are of primary importance in
securing international prosperity. We are aware of the fact that
much remains to be done in the field of commercial policy. We claim
Unclassified
188-L
- 11 -
no more for this program than that it is a necessary step in
establishing a sound basis for international monetary and financial
policies essential for a prosperous and peaceful world.
There are men of small minds and narrow vision who tell us that
we must wait and see, that there is always time to deal with these
questions. They counsel us that it is better to be late to be
sure we are not premature, that it is better to do little to be
sure we do not do too much, that it is better to do nothing
to be sure that we make no petty errors. To such men I say that
the people of the United Nations are determined to prevent a break-
down of international economic relationships that will inevitably
be followed by world-wide depression.
We cannot afford the risks of a do-nothing policy. Unless we
act promptly to establish the basis for a world economy free from
currency restrictions and discriminations, we shall lose by
the
default to the proponents of/narrow policy of bilateralism, exchange
control, and blocked currencies. We are at the crossroads in the
determination of monetary and financial policy for the post-war
world. One road inevitably leads to economic isolation in which
each country will impoverish itself to achieve an impossible self-
sufficiency. The other is the road to a flourishing economic
life in which international trade, international investment and
Regraded Unclassified
188 - M
- 12 -
normal currency relationships will make possible a period of peace
and prosperity. It is for us to decide now which of these roads
the world will take.
I know I speak for all when I say that we are conscious of
the great responsibility that has been given to us, that we are
determined that the free world born again in the travail of war
will be a world of work and wealth based upon international
cooperation.
Regraded Unclassified
188 - N
Speech Welcoming Delegates to
International Monetary and Financial Conference.
Fellow delegates and members of their staffs, we are convened at the
invitation of the President of the United States to formulate ways of
dealing with international monetary and financial problems which will
confront the world after the war of liberation has been fought to a vic-
torious conclusion.
On behalf of the President of the United States, and on behalf of
the American people, let me say that your presence here today, despite the
almost insuperable difficulties of war-time travel and despite the sac-
rifice of your time from your war-time duties, is most gratifying. It
symbolizes the devotion of the United Nations and the nations associated
with them in this war to the principle that victory is not alone an end
in itself but, rather, a means to the end of a post-war world in which
international cooperation will be a fact and not a pious phrase. This
conference is concrete evidence of their determination to find practical
machinery for the maintenance of world peace and world prosperity.
We are assembled here today to grapple with some of the most important -
and most urgent - economic problems which will confront the world in the
post-war period. I refer, in particular, to the problems of world monetary
stability and the international financing of reconstruction and development.
Though these be momentous undertakings when appraised in terms of
their economic implications, it would be a profound misconception of our
Regraded Unclassified
188 - 0
- 2 -
responsibilities to overlook the broader ramifications of our mission.
The eyes of the world are today momentarily lifted from the smoke
and wreckage of the battle front. They are hopefully - even prayerfully -
turned to this quiet New Hampshire village for some glimpse, some
reassuring sign, of the kind of a world that will emerge from the present
conflict.
These eyes are not alone the eyes of the world's statesmen; nor
the cold and dispassionate eyes of bankers, industrialists and tech-
nicians. Rather, they include the hungry eyes of the common man - the
collective eyes of a war-torn world. These are the eyes of our fighting
soldiers, of our men and women in the war factories, of the victims of
enemy oppression in enemy-occupied territory - - yes, even the eyes of
the enemy himself.
These men and women - the common people - are not interested in
the technical niceties of the problems before this conference, nor in the
technical niceties of any proposals we may be able to formulate. Neither
are these people primarily concerned with the precise terms of any such
proposals.
What they do want to know is: Can the Allies this time work to-
gether in peace as they have so brilliantly in war? Are we fighting
this war just to return to the depths of hopeless uncertainty of the
last decade? Will the blood we and our families have shed in this war
consecrate a new era, or will it be profaned by petty jealousies and
suspicions before it has even dried?
Regraded Unclassified
188 - P
- 3 -
My friends, we cannot again disappoint these people. We cannot again
shatter their hopes in the ability of man to work with man in peace as
well as in war. Ours is a mission that must not fail.
Let none of us, however, be lulled into any false notion that ours is
an easy task; that it will be a simple matter for forty sovereign states
to sit down together and formulate proposals dealing with such complex
problems upon which they can all agree. That agreement, that unity, we
are seeking is something for which we must all strive, something for which
we must all sacrifice, and something for which we must all accept a full
measure of responsibility.
The technical experts of our respective countries have spent these
past two years working on proposals upon which there could be technical
agreement for international cooperation in the monetary and financial fields.
They have worked with great patience and determination. They have left no
stone unturned in their efforts to arrive at a common understanding of all
of the technical problems involved. I am certain that today they are as
one man on the proposition that there is clearly a technical basis for
international cooperation in this field.
We are now called upon to translate these technically feasible programs
into reality. We must dedicate our full efforts to this end. The time
alloted to us for this task is short, but the need for immediate action is
great.
Our men on the fighting fronts, and those supporting them, know no
compromise with necessity. It is not too much to expect that we - their
representatives - also will measure up to the necessity for success in our
mission.
Regraded Unclassified
188- Q
- 4 -
In voicing these views I am deeply conscious of the fact that they
are fully shared by all those present. They transcend the meaning of
the word "hope" - they can only be expressed - - and understood - - in terms
of prayer. Ours is a prayer for success - and the world prays with us.
Regraded Unclassified
189
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
The American Mission, Algiers
TO:
The Secretary of State, Washington
DATE:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 2023
SECRET
The following message is personal from Saxon to Secretary
of the Treasury Morgenthan.
By military pouch I am transmitting immediately a personal
letter to you from Mendes-France who requests that because of
the urgent importance of the subject matter you arrange with an
Army courier service for immediate delivery of the letter.
CHAPIN
5:20 pm.
m Bell phoned me melloy's
office. They well make
DCR:MPL 6/15/44 mediate delivery of the
arrengements for in
letter
Regraded Unclassified
190
COPY
WORLD JEWISH CONGRESS
L
330 West 42nd Street
NEW YORK 18, N.Y.
June 15, 1944
In reply refer
to No. 92
Hon. John W. Pehle
War Refugee Board
Treasury Building
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Pehle:
I thought you might be interested
in the attached translation of an article
published by the Berliner Boersen-Zeitung
on March 31, which constitutes a reaction to
the President's statement of March 24.
Sincerely yours,
/8/ Dr. A. Leon Kubowitzki
Dr. A. Leon Kubowitzki
Head, Rescue Department
ALK:bg
Regraded Unclassified
Translation] 91
COPY
"Berliner Boersen-Zeitung", March 31, 1944
AN EMOTIONAL EXPLOSION IN THE WHITE HOUSE
Roosevelt issues a call for the rescue of the Jewish
saboteurs in Hungary.
Let no one say that the man responsible for the infamous acts
perpetrated by "Murder Inc.," against tens of thousands of European
women and children has no human feelings. The only trouble is
that it is rather difficult to arouse them from their imposing
tranquility. Let American women weep over the loss of their sons
the lives of whom he, Roosevelt, so solemnly promised to preserve;
let millions of children die of starvation, or let the people of
Puerto Rico and Costa Rica bemoan their miserable existence under
the Stars and Stripes -- the conscience of the President of the
U.S.A. does not stir. But as soon as the Chosen People begins its
plaintive howlings because of its being hindered, in one place or
another, in its peaceful work of decomposing and fleecing the local
population, veritable Niagara Falls of Rooseveltian emotion immediately
burst forth in roaring cascades.
of late, it is the purgative measures in Hungary that cause this
noble humanitarian of the White House sleepless nights. Roosevelt is
not at all concerned over the fact that Hungary was greatly in danger
of being played into the hands of the Bolshevists and of becoming
the victim of a regime even bloodier than Bela Kun's. But it almost
breaks his heart to learn that the Jewish accomplices of the Soviets
and their western partners were grabbed by their necks in Hungary.
What matters to him the fate of 12 millions of Hungarians when the
parasitic well-being of 800,000 Hebrews, along with their Refugee
Relations from other East-European countries is at stake? And with
furious indignation Roosevelt has issued a call which merits our
attention if for nothing else than for its extraordinary distortion
of the facts.
Roosevelt, friend and ally of Bolshevism, that people-slaughtering
monster; over-lord of a plutocracy which Just now again demonstrated
that in order to firmly establish its tyranny it intends to break
by all possible means the will to self-assertion of other nations; -
this self-same Roosevelt begins his appeal by the statement that
the Allies are fighting now for such a world-order in which tyranny
and agression could no longer exist. He paints a picture of misery
in the German-occupied European countries, as though it referred to
regions which had benefited by the Anglo-American "liberation".
He wails about the innocent Poles murdered in cold blood as
though it were not his own dear friend of Moscow whose hangman's
mark is to be found on each and every one of the necks of the ten
thousand corpses of Katyn. He compiles a long list of European
Regraded Unclassified
192
- 2 -
nations deserving commiseration, but in vain does one look for
his mention of those Baltic peoples, who now have to bemoan the
fate of hundreds of thousands of persons slaughtered or carried
off during the short period of Bolshevist rule in these countries.
Instead, Mr. Roosevelt flies into passion over the alleged
brutalities committed by the Japanese against American soldiers,
a fairy-tale of atrocities long since refuted by the reports of
a Red Cross commission. And when he talks of those terrorist-
fliers that were tried in Japan, he shudders not at their
cynically avowed purpose to mow down Japanese children with
machine-gun bullets, but rather at the punitive justice that has
made short work of this gangster-mob.
But all this 1s merely an introduction to his heart-rending
appeal directed to all "freedom-loving peoples" to unite themselves
for a "campaign of Justice and humanity". This appeal is followed
by blunt threats against all those who would date to step too close
to that whole Jewish lot in Hungary or elsewhere, because this,
according to the wholesale murderer of the populations of Rome and
Castel Gandolfo "would signify the climax of tragedy".
Roosevelt, friend and paid servant of Baruch, Morgenthau and
Frankfurter, declares the following to be his most sacred funda-
mental laws; "neither race, nor religion, nor color are of any.
importance whatsoever". Every human being should be able to live
"in peace, honor and dignity, in liberty, equality and justice"
in that world for which Mr. Roosevelt pledges to fight.
But at the very same time we read in a report in the "Daily
Mail" from the U.S.A. that the Negro-problem is growing continually
and becoming more and more dangerous; that 12 millions of black
Americans are living in ghettos surrounded by criminals, prostitution,
disease, penury and despair and that in the opinion of some American
politicians they should be isolated still further. The report goes
on to say that in Washington, f.1., 200,000 Negroes are closely
herded in living-quarters more infectious and neglected than even
the worst slums. But the landlords collect their rentals almost
with cudgels. An American woman who interfered for a more humane
treatment of the colored people, has Just now once more declared:
we always speak in the U.S.A. of race-equality; but we do practically
nothing to give words a substance.
And let us add to this another report about "life in equality,
honor and dignity", in 80 far as it has to be put up with by the
Mexicans in the U.S.A. (and mind you, they are Allies) This report
originates from the obviously competent pen of the former Under-
Secretary of State Sumner Welles. It says in parts: There are
no schools for Mexican children. Mexicans may not travel side by
side with citizens of the U.S.A. Certain hotels, cinemas and other
places of amusement are closed to them. But most shocking of all
is the fact that the restaurant of a certain large hotel went 60
Regraded Unclassified
193
- 3 -
far as to refuse to wait on one of Mexico's highest officials.
Workers who have been recruited in Mexico are given no chance to
work under conditions equal to those of the white Americans, and
many of them are merely being exploited. And Sumner Welles firmly
maintains that we have before us here the facts of a case of
systematic "discrimination".
Just the same, we have understood the President of the U.S.A.
quite well. Because we have known for quite some time that whenever
he speaks of race-equality, he means Jewish dictatorship. Thus
shall it not have been in vain that he applied himself directly
even to us Germans with a request that we intervene for the un-
happiest victims of our time. We could think of no unhappier
victims than those hecatombs of women and children who already
slain as a result of the war-conflagaration that has been kindled
by Jewry, and because of the enemy's terroristic methods of aerial
war-fare which is another product of Jewish brains. Mr. Roosevelt
may be assured that here we shall give his Hebrew proteges a dose
of their own medicine! an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth!
6/5/44-#591-fh
Regraded Unclassified
194
CABLE TO ALGIERS
From War Refugee Board to Chapin
Please deliver the following message to Joseph
Schwartz, c/o American Legation, Algiers, from Moses A.
Leavitt of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee:
"Please keep in touch James Mann American Legation
Lisbon regarding possibility your meeting him Algiers
Stop Hirschmann Katzki en route Turkey where we
assuma you will wish meet them prior to your returning
here for consultation Stop Harry Greenstein now
Cairo"
THIS IS WRB AIGIERS CABLE NO. 24
June 15, 1944
10:15 a.m.
FH:lab 6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
195
MMS
PLAIN
June 15, 1944
AMREP,
ALGIERS.
1891 fifteenth
The following is WRB cable no. 23 and is for Murphy
and Ackermann.
The President has delivered a special message to
the Congress, reporting on the efforts of this Govern-
ment to rescue the Jews and other victims of enemy
oppression and specifically dealing with the action
which he took on June 9 in establishing an Emergency
Refugee Shelter in this country. The message was
included in the radio bulletin of June 12.
You are requested to convey the contents of this
message to the appropriate authorities and to use all
possible means to give this message the widest possible
publicity, particularly in Europe.
You should note that the President in his message
states that the refugees to be brought from Italy will
be predominantly women and children.
Foregoing repeated to Cairo for Mac Veagh and to
Naples for Kirk.
HULL
(GHW)
#26
CODE ROOM: Please repeat to Cairo for MacVeagh and to
Naples For Kirk, with opening sentence as follows:
"The cable to Algiers given below is transmitted
for your information".
WRB:MMV:KG
WE
SE
NE
S/CR
6/15/44
Regraded Unclassified
196
MLC-864
Algiers
Distribution of true
reading only by special
Dated
June 15, 1944.
arrangement. (SECRET-W)
Rec'd
7:56 a.m., 16th
Secretary of State,
Washington.
2024, June 15, 2 p.m.
FOR WAR REFUGEE BOARD FOR LEAVITT JDC FROM
ACKERMANN NO. 30 FROM SCHWARTZ.
Section one: Returned here from Italy sooner
than expected order try meet Mann accordance your
request. Expect proceed Cairo Jerusalem Istanbul
soon as discussion completed which hope will not
require more than two weeks utmost. Must point out
transportation difficulties cause long delays trying
to carry out instructions which arrive last moment.
Result personal investigation now consider it most
important Greenleigh proceed immediately Rome
leaving Perlman southern Italy. Allied Control
Commission at our request supported by Inter-governmental
Committee representative Italy has indicated roval
Greenleigh's appointment and transportation. Suggest
he apply passport immediately proceed Rome least pos-
sible delay as many urgent problems here. Kessler
wishes return home in about one month therefore
suggest you engage Samuel Fithzohn for service
probably Middle East area leaving definite assign-
ment open time being.
Section two: Magnes Resnik advise Jewish
Agency uregently requests immediate decision
following proposal transportation to Istanbul.
Utilize MILCA MARITZA similar ships without safe
conduct which impossible obtain order transport
2600 persons from Balkans. Agency requests we
assist finance costs estimated $800,000 exclusive
participation passengers but agency believes pos-
sible reduce cost if part payment half million
Swiss francs be made Switzerland. If we cannot
participate this project agency aske we provide
Swiss francs as loan deductible from any other
funds payable agency. Magnes committee recommends
(1) our immediate agreement principle participation
above transportation project for each passenger ar-
riving Istenbul and unable pay subject determina-
tion our representative Turkey, (2) we finance fully
all transportation projects which may secure safe
conduct with
Regraded Unclassified
197
-2-#2024, June 15, 2 p.m. from Algiers
conduct with possibilities reimbursement by pas-
sengers with means. Our own view we cannot as-
sume responsibility any manner placing people on
ships sailing without safe conduct especially since
recent sinking MARITZA en route Constanza. However
if War Refugee Board ready assume with Jewish Agency
responsibility this project we should participate
paymenttransportation costs those actually arrival
Istanbul. View large amount involved suggest you
discuss with Mar Refugee Board possibility their
participating financial costs. If you consider this
advisable view all above circumstances reply here
and Lisbon.
Section three: Have set up two central commit-
tees Naples and Bari to cover southern Italy with
subcommittees outlying districts and Camp Ferramonti
and Santa Maria Dibagna. Monthly budget for sup-
plementary refief maintenance schools, workshops,
dispensaries, et cetera, $12,500 plus one time grants
$4800 establish workshops camps and $2000 equip
hostel Naples. Also $2000 grant for twelve month
period "aples Jewish community to reppen religious
school synagogue community medical service. Above
budget only southern Italy which has approximately
3000 refugees chiefly foreign but does not include
Rome where now 8000 to 9000 local Jews 2000 refugees
of whom 1400 from France, Yugoslavia, et cetera,
600 from Northern Italy. Have set up emergency grant
2,000,000 lire for immediate relief to msdmtem Rome
through Heath Cote Smith who proceeding there next
days. If clearance 9,000,000 lire Palestine immigrants
not immediately possible please remit immediately
through Chase Bank 3,000,000 lire Banco di Napoli
Naples account American Joint Distribution Committee
for Joseph Schwartz or Max S. Perlman.
CHAPIN
WSB
NPL
Regraded Unclassified
198
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Mission, Algiers
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
Regraded Unclassified
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 2028
CONFIDENTIAL
Gilpatric has approved the following which should be
passed to FRA, War Refugee Board, and State.
Saxon, Treasury, sends the following, No. A-204, for
Secretary of the Treasury.
The French consider that there may be a large influx of
French refugees into "pain, subject to the course of military
operations in France. Although this is a contingency which
is difficult to estimate, it must be provided for. The
French think that in this connection their needs may possibly
run as high as 25 million posetas monthly for a period of
two months or more.
It is tentatively proposed by the French, in order to
meet the expenses of these refugees, to sell to Spain
10,000 tons of AHP cotton. The French Comite Economique
is now studying this proposal.
If our agreement to this proposal is requested by the
French, it will be necessary to decide whether you would be
willing, because of the humanitarian aspect of the refugee
problem, to use part of the income from the present United
States Iberian supply program to support refugee expenditures
in such an emergency. Specifically, would you be willing
to allow French cotton to displace dollar or sterling cotton
under the present blockade quota in order to finance emergency
refugee requirements, or would it be possible to raise quota
for this purpose under the present circumstances.
It is necessary to consider that this emergency may
arise quickly whereas it may be months before a contract for
the cotton can be negotiated with the Spanish and delivery
made thereunder. The French informed us that 80 far the
Spanish have been reluctant to pay except against contract
ar, as actually seems to be the case, against delivery. There-
fore, the question arises whether you would be vi lling to
support & request by the French to the Spanish for a sub-
stantial advance of pesetas against future delivery of cotton.
Although no contract has yet been negotiated, the French
are committed to sale of 5,000 tomesof AOF cotton to Spain
The French propose as an interim measure, if the refugee
emergency should arise soon, to use proceeds of these 5,000
tons to meet the immediate refugee need. While the contract
199
-2-
for this cotton may be signed shortly, there is no prospect
of early delivery thereunder. Therefore, in this case it
is important to also consider whether you would be willing
to support a renewed request by the French to the Spanish
for advances against future delivery.
If the proceeds or advances on the AOF cotton are used
for emergency refugee requirements it would still be
necessary to sover erdinary French refugee and mission
expenses which are to be covered for the present year with
proceeds of AOF cotton. If the emergency refugee need should
reach 50 million pesetas, it would thus be necessary to sell
the entire 10,000 tons of AOF cotton.
Your views on the above would be appreciated, as well as
any suggestions you may have for financing these emergency
refugee needs by other means as, for exaple, by loan out
of existing United States-United Kingdom peseta availabilities.
The French poseta position is roughly one million pesetas
nowl The British have been asked by the French to remit
75,000 pounds sterling to special sterling account, in order
to meet ordinary refugee expenses for June and July. I under-
stand that this has been agreed to by the British.
CHAPIN
DCR:VAG:FB
Regraded Unclassified
200
PLAIN
June 15, 1944
AMENBASSY,
LONDON,
CIRCULAR, FIFTEENTH
The President has delivered a special message to
the Congress, reporting en the efferts of this Govern-
ment to rescue the Jews and other victims of enemy
eppression and specifically dealing with the action
which he took on June 9 in establishing an Embrgency
Refugee Shelter in this country. The message was
included in the radio bulletin of June 12.
You are requested to convey the centents of this
message to the Government to which you are accredited
and to use all possible means to give this message the
widest possible publicity, particularly in Europe.
Sent to Londen. Repeated to Moscow, Lisben,
Madrid, Steckhelm, Bera and Ankara.
HULL
(GHW)
CODE ROOM: Please repeat to Moscow, Pertugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey.
WHB:MMV:KG
Regraded Unclassified
201
MMS
PLAIN
June 15, 1944
AMEMBASSY,
LONDON.
4744 fifteenth
Delivery to Sir Herbert Emerson of the following
message from Pehle is requested.
Information present status of credit scheme would
be appreciated.
HULL
(GHW)
WRB:MMV:KG
S/CR
BC
6/15/44
Regraded Unclassified
202
ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT
FROM:
Secretary of State, Washington
Regraded Unclassified
TO:
American Embassy, London
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 4753
CONFIDENTIAL
FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD TO AMRASSADOR WINANT, IN IONDON
Please refer to your 4556 of June 7.
We are gratified that the British Government has agreed to
the establishmnt of a refugee camp in Tripolitania capable of
accommodating between 1000 to 1500 persons. Please convey the
Board's appreciation to the Foreign Office.
The Board now awaits British suggestions as to the practical
measures required or the joint establishment of the refugee
camp in Tripolitania. It is assumed that we shall be advised in
the immediate future of the exact location of the proposed camp,
together with a detailed description of what is necessary and
the time required to put the camp in condition to receive
refugees.
With regard to the question of medical and administrative
personnel one possibility is to request UNRRA to administer the
camp as in the case of Camp Lyauty. If this is a oceptable to
the British, we shall be glad to approach the UNRRA representatives
in Washington on this matter.
Because of the large numbers of refugees arriving daily in
Sauthern Italy from Yugoslavia, the question of havens is
particularly urgent at the present time. It is therefore hoped
that the Tripolitania refugee project will now move forward
with maximum speed. Please urge the British to furnish us as
quickly as possible with the deteileprequested above.
HULL
203
AIRGRAM
SECRET
From: Port-au-Prince,
Dated: June 15, 1944.
Rec'ds June 20, 8 a.m.
The Secretary of State,
Washington, D. c.
A-321, June 15, 11:00 a.m., 1944.
Department's secret circular airgram A-189 date
June 9, 1944, concerning persons holding Haitian passports.
The Haitian Minister for Foreign Affairs states
that he clearly understands the humanitarian aspects of
this matter and that his Government will endeavor to
address a note to the Swiss authorities as suggested
by the Department. He expressed some concern, however,
lest the Haitian Government might find it very diffi-
cult to do this, owing to previous communications which
may have been sent to the Swiss aughorities stating
that the Haitian Government will not protect the holders
of passports issued fraudulently or those holders of
Haitian passports who acquired Haitian citizenship
under the laws of May 29, 1939, and July 22, 1939, and
whose dtizenship was subsequently cancelled because
of their failure to return to Haiti.
The Minister stated that he would immediately
make a careful search of the Foreign Office files in
order to determine the precise situation in which
his Government finds itself. The wearch will enable
him to decide whether an approach can be made to the
Swise Government in the above sense.
WILSON
File: 711.
OW:mak
Regraded Unclassified
203A
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
WAR REFUGEE BOARD
WA 7am
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION
DATE
June 15, 1944
TO
Secretary Morgenthau
FROM
J. W. Pehle
I recently wrote a letter to Archbishop
Spellman of New York and asked him for a statement
which the Office of War Information could use to beam
to Hungary.
The statement which he has given to us is
attached for your reading. You will find it a moving
and sincere message which will be very helpful in our
work.
I think it would be very nice if you would
write the Archbishop a note about the matter and I
have attached a suggested letter.
JUNTILE
Regraded Unclassified
203-B
COPY
ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE
452 MADISON AVENUE
NEW YORK 22
June 13, 1944
Mr. J. W. Pehle
Executive Director
W. R. B.
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Pehle:
In response to your request, I am enclosing
herewith a statement regarding the situation in Hungary.
I give you the statement with the condition that it is
to be given in full without any deletions, omissions or
modifications. And if it is to be translated into
Hungarian, I wish to have the script submitted to me
for approval before it is given. I am obliged to make
this request because of some previous experience with
some members of some departments of your organization.
With best wishes, I am
Very sincerely yours,
(signed) F. J. Spellman
Archbishop of New York
( Apparently the Archbishop is referring to difficulties
which he has had with O.W.I.)
girl
Regraded Unclassified
203-c
Almost on the feast of Pentecost, the day on which
the Church of Christ emphasizes the supranational, supra-
racial character of her mission, we learned that the govern-
ment of Hungary had agreed to enforce against the Jewish
people a code of discriminatory laws. We were told that
this unhappy segment of Israel in Hungary is already being
herded into mysterious Ghettos after its homes and its shops
had been systematically looted and pillaged.
This announcement has shocked all men and women
who cherish a sense of justice and of human sympathy. It is
a. direct contradiction of the doctrines of the Catholic
Faith professed by the vast majority of the Hungarian people.
It is a negation of the noblest pages of Hungarian history
and cultural tradition.
Through the stormy ages Hungarian Catholics have
been motivated by the lofty principles of justice, mercy
and charity enunciated by Our Divine Lord in the Sermon on
the Mount. This has been true whether they were attacked
centuries ago by the Mongols and the Turks or even more
recently when they were bitterly persecuted by Bela Kun
and his bloody cohorts.
Regraded Unclassified
203-D
- 2 -
It seems incredible, therefore, that a nation
which has been so consistently true to the teachings of the
Catholic Church should now bow to a false, pagan mysticism
of blood and race and disregard those solemn words of Pope
Pius XI: "Abraham is called our patriarch, our ancestor.
Anti-semitism is not compatible with the sublime reality of
this text. It is a. movement in which we Christians cannot
share. Spiritually we are Semites."
Nearly a. thousand years ago, St. Stephen, King of
Hungary, received his crown from Pope Sylvester II. He
realized that Hungary was destined by the very exigencies
of geography to be the crossroads of Europe where diverse
racial stocks would necessarily meet and where, he was
determined, they must live and commingle harmoniously. As
he lay at the very doors of death, this Christian statesman
cautioned his sons against oppression of minorities and
against fantastic racism in these words: "A nation of only
one custom and one language is weak and easily broken asunder.'
This same saintly national hero dreamed always of
Hungary as a "regnum Marianum," as a realm of Mary. To this
day, the coinage and the postage stamps of the country bear
Regraded Unclassified
203-E
- 3 -
the figure of Mary, the Mother of Mankind. It would be all
the more tragic, therefore, if a people so devoted to Mary,
the Jewish Maiden who was the Mother of the Messiah, should
approve of a cruel legislation enacted for the purpose of
despoiling and annihilating the remnants of the very racial
stock from which Jesus and Mary sprang.
I cannot believe that a people with such profound
Christian faith, with such a glorious history, with the
oldest parliamentary tradition on the Continent, will chant
a hymn of hatred and willingly submit or countenance tyranny,
blood lust and brigandage.
No one who hates or is cruel and tyrannical can be
a faithful follower of the gentle Christ; and no man can
love God and hate his brother.
204
CORRECTED COPY
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
The American Embassy, Lima
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATE:
June 15, 1944
NO.
787
CONFIRENTIAL
The Embassy's despatch of June 3, no. 496, which listed Peruvian
delegates to the Monetary and Financial Congress to be held at Bretton
Woods, July 1, is referred to herein.
We have just received a note from the Foreign Office, dated June 11,
which confirms the Peruvian delegates and adds the name of Juan Haves,
Minister and Commercial Counseler of the Peruvian Embassy at Washington,
and as technical advisor, Mr. Manulio Barrete Latzeh has been named. Until
January 1944 Mr. Barreto was attached to the Peruvian Foreign Ministry's
Commercial Office as Assistant Chief and is advisor to the Central Reserve
Bank at the present time. By air on Wednesday June 21, all persons named
plan to leave Lima for Miami and Washington with the exception of Barreto
and Beltran who depart on June 22 by the same means of transportation.
Mr. Rey de Castro in Washington at present as Secretary of the Peruvian
Embassy, Miss Mercedes Gastanet, a typist, and Miss Nickson, personal
secretary of and accompanying Ambassador Beltran, compose the subordinate
personnel. On Wednesday June 21 Miss Gastanet will depart by air from
Lima for Miami and Washington.
WHITE
DCR:MPL
6/26/44
EF:COPY
6-27-44
Regraded Unclassified
205
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Legation, Lisbon
TO:
Secretary of State, Lisbon
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 1848
CONDIENTIAL
Following message is for Leavitt from Pilpel.
This is WRB no. 71, JDC no. 18.
You are informed that the Grand Rabbi of France, Isiah
Schwartz, is reported safe in France.
NORWEB
Regraded Unclassified
206
PLAIN
HMK-826
Lisbon
Dated June 15, 1944
Rec'd 6:37 a.m., 16th
Secretary of State,
Washington.
1849, June 15, 6 p.m.
THIS FOR RABBI NAHUM GOLDMAN, NEW YORK FROM DOBKIN
THROUGH LICHTENSTEIN
WRB 72. In addition simultaneous admission 300 children from
France approved by Portugal and 500 in Spain negotiations being con-
ducted admission 3000 children registered in France. First reactions
not unfavorable. This important in view official approach to evacu-
ation of Jews: Cable what steps are being taken this direction in
America. Referring Kubowitski's cable June 8 we able to send Palestine
certificate to Hungary through Swiss. Urgently waiting reply my
cable June 10.
NORWEB
NPL
Regraded Unclassified
207
CABLE TO STOCKHOLM
Please deliver following message to Minister Johnson, Stockholm, from
J. V. Pehle, War Refugee Board,
Re your 2113. Authorization granted for purchase of furniture for
Olsen up to $1,000. Expenditure from Embassy funds to be
reimbursed here by War Refugee Board.
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO STOCKHOLM NO. 26
June 15, 1944
10:15 A.M.
WStewart; pdk 6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
208
CABLE FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD TO MINISTER JOHNSON FOR OLSEN, STOCKHOLM,
SWEDEN.
For your information, Otto Rabl of Rindogatan 16, Stockholm,
reported experienced in assisting victims of Nazi oppression by
securing for them proof of Central American nationality. We can not
assure reliability. If, after complete investigation, you feel
satisfied, you may make use of his assistance if you deem it advisable.
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO STOCKHOLM NO. 29.
June 15, 1944
4:50 p.m.
BAkzin: JWPehle:1hh 6/15/44
209
CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON, BERN, SWITZERLAND FOR McCLELLAND FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD
Herbert Katzki and Ira Hirschmann are en route to Turkey as representatives
of the War Refugee Board. They would appreciate hearing from McClelland on
mutual problems. McClelland can communicate with them in care of American
Embassy, Ankara.
Please advise Saly Mayer, St. Gallen, about Katzki and also that Katzki
would like to hear from him. Katzki requests that Mayer advise friends,
particularly Gizi Willy Blum Gurevitch.
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 47
.
June 15, 1944
3:00 p.m.
MJM:bbk - 6/15/44
210
CABLE TO BERN
From War Refugee Board to Harrison
Please deliver the following message to Saly
Mayer, St. Gall, SwitseBland, from Meses A. Leavitt of the
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee:
"Please discuss with Sternbuch his cables to
rabbimical group here regarding request Rabbi of
Neutra for million dollars and request for aid
from Freudiger Stop After discussion with McClelland
please advise through Legation Bern possibilities extend
increased aid to Jews Hungary Step Rabbiaical group
here most anxious for your cooperation with Sterabuch
step We would appreciate meing kept currently informed
Stop Misachi organization here received cable request
for $50,000 from Doctor Isaac Rom Zurich Bahnhofstrasse
74 please contact him and advise purposes funds required
and your recommendations"
THIS IS WHB CABLE TO BERN NO. 43
June 15, 1944
10:15 a.m.
Regraded Unclassified
211
CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON, BERN, SWITZERLAND
The War Refugee Board requests that you deliver the following
message to Mr. Isaac Sternbuch, 3 Teufener Strasse, St. Gallen:
QUOTE Cable whether rescue through passports still
feasible, also whether foreign consular letter stating that
its government registered application for citizenship thereby
extending to applicant protection as citizen sufficient.
Regarding Neutra rabbi's also Freudiger's plans inform us
details of rescue already accomplished through money remitted
thereby enabling us send additional sums. Also inform us
details rescue already accomplished Holland France Belgium.
Contact Griffel Wolbe helping them in all rescue projects.
Contact McClelland explaining him your plans and trying to
secure his assistance. Advise Freudiger to contact Saly Meyer
requesting Joint's major financial assistance.
Remitting $100,000 in Swiss francs for all rescue projects.
More money forthcoming soon.
Vaad Hahatzula
Abraham Kalmanowitz UNQUOTE
THIS IS WRB BERN CARLE NO. 45
June 15, 1944
2:00 p.m.
BAkzin:ar
6/12/44
Regraded Unclassified
212
CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON, BERN, SWITZERLAND
With reference our 1498, April 29, and your 3144 and 3147,
May 17, Department regrets disappointingly negative response
Intercross concerning our 1498.
Under the circumstances, Department requests that you now
approach the Swiss Government along the lines of our 1498.
Bearing in mind the great humanitarian traditions of
Switzerland, this Government confidently hopes that the Swiss
authorities will do their utmost to transmit and support the above
request in the interest of ensuring the survival of the helpless
victims concerned.
THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 46
McCormack:FH:AA/1r 6/12/44
June 15, 1944
3:00 p.m.
Regraded Unclassified
213
COPY:DCR:AGH
MMS
June 15, 1944
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
9 p.m.
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
agency. (RESTRICTED)
AMLEGATION,
BERN.
2062
FROM CROWLEY AND STONE, FEA
IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPROVAL BY ANGLO-AMERICAN BLOCKADE
AUTHORITIES, TREASURY LICENSE NO. PHILADELPHIA 14156 HAS BEEN
ISSUED AUTHORIZING THE AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE TO
TRANSFER $25,000 TO ITS REPRESENTATIVE IN SWITZERLAND FOR THE
PURCHASE THERE OF FOODSTUFFS TO BE DISPATCHED TO SECOURS
QUAKER IN FRANCE FOR DISTRIBUTION BY THE LATTER, UNDER
INTERCROSS SUPERVISION, TO PARTICULARLY NEEDY DISPLACED PERSONS
AND REFUGEES IN FRANCE, SOME OF WHOM ARE DETAINED IN CAMPS,
WHILE OTHERS WHO ARE AT LIBERTY ARE, IN MANY CASES, AIDED
THROUGH WORKSHOPS OPERATED BY SECOURS QUAKER. SAID TREASURY
LICENSE PROVIDES THAT THE REPRESENTATIVE IN SWITZERLAND OF THE
AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE MUST SECURE YOUR APPROVAL
REGARDING THE FOODSTUFFS TO BE PURCHASED FOR THESE FUNDS AND
THE INTERMEDIARIES THROUGH WHICH SAID FOODSTUFFS ARE TO BE
PROCURED.
PLEASE INFORM BRITISH LEGATION THAT MEW HAS APPROVED OF
THIS TRANSACTION.
HULL
(RLH)
DCR:RLH:ATM
Regraded Unclassified
214
CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON AND MCCLELLAND, BERN, SWITZERLAND
Reference to your 8103 of May 6.
Department and War Refugee Beard consider that Priffeging case
should be dealth with in the light of Department's 1181 of April 7g 1221
of April 10, and paragraph two of 1921 of June 6. In view of Pfifferling's
claim of Honduran mationality, Department's 1632 of May 10 is also ap"
plicable, and you should preceed at once to take all apprepriate action
necessary to safeguard Pfifferling's life as a Henduran national.
In view of Department's 1632 as well as of the ether nessages under
reference it is not necessary to await affirmative word from H@nduras.
The messages under reference were intended to avoid just such delays as
might be indident to awaiting confirmation of claims by the Latin
American governments. The same is true as to claimants to United States
citisemship pursuant to Department's 1269 of April 13.
Reference to your 3579 of June 5. Department and Board would
appreciate having a list of names of deportees from Vittels but main
value of names is in eventually enabling you to take more effective
protective action along lines of Department's 1270. List is not
(repeat not) to be used for the present for purpose of investigating
nationality claims.
In this connection, please press Swiss authorities for action
regarding request to return Vittel deportees as set out in Department's
1270. Judging by your reports, the Swies have not (repeat not) yet
actually requested such return. You will also note that reports have
reached Board that remaining Jews were removed from Vittel late April
or May. Please make apprepriate inquiry and request that Swies protective
steps under Department's 1270 be extended to cever any such additional
removals.
Kindly keep the Department advised.
THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 44
June 15, 1944
1:55 p.m.
BAkzin:LSLessertals
6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
215
MMS
June 15, 1944
Distribution of true
reading only by special
7 p.m.
arrangement. (SECRET-W)
AMEMBASSY,
ANKARA
534
The following WRB cable no. 52 is for Steinhardt.
It would seem, according to second paragraph your 1010
of June 5, that problems of refugees arriving overland at
Turkish-Bulgarian border and in Turkish waters by boat from
Romania or Greece are quite different. Departure of latter
from Romania and Greece onto high seas not subject to inter-
ference by Turkish border guards since they leave Greek
or Romanian territory without directly entering Turkish
territory and the disposition of their applications for
transit facilities can, while their vessel stands safely
off shore, be handled on a group or individual basis. How-
ever, those seeking to cross Bulgarian-Turkish border with-
out transit visas or other entry permits are subject to
refusal of entry by Turkish border guards. This is not
infrequent, if reports received here are correct. Obviously,
refugees arriving overland cannot safely await on Bulgarian
side of border outcome of procedure adequate for refugees
already in safe borders. The possibility of making arrange-
ments in advance of their arrival at the border whereby, not-
withstanding their lack of entry permits, refugees from
Bulgaria would be admitted into Turkey was suggested for
these reasons. Refugees coming overland would be no less
favorably placed than those coming by sea if such arrange-
ments could be made subject of course, as in the case of
sea-borne refugees, to 8. speedy routing of such refugees
to Palestine or elsewhere.
Notwithstanding lack of entry permits, other neutral
countries adjacent to enemy-controlled areas refrain from
barring entry of refugees though sometimes subjecting them
to technical arrest for illegal entry. There is reason to
believe that additional lives could be saved especially if
knowledge reaches Jews and other persecuted peoples in the
Balkans that they will not be turned back at the Turkish
border if the Turkish Government would adopt similar
procedure and instruct its guards at the Turkish-Bulgarian
border accordingly.
Please reconsider the conclusion indicated by your
1010 and keep Department and Board advised of results in
view of the above.
HULL
WRB:MMV:KG
NE
(GHW)
6/14/44
S/CR
Regraded Unclassified
216
MMS
June 15, 1944
Distribution of true
reading only by special
8 p.m.
arrangement. (SECRET-W)
AMEMBASSY,
ANKARA.
535
The following for Steinhardt is WRB cable 53 and refers
to Ankara8s 991 of June 1.
Observations of Foreign Office Secretary General seem
wholly rational. Strongly felt by Board thattthe basic
task of rescuing the largest possible numbers of refugees
in enemy territory must not (repeat not) in any way be
interfered with by differences of opinion between private
refugee organizations. The coordination and supervision
by the Embassy and Hirschmann of all rescue activities in
Turkey toward assurance that each private refuges organize-
tion makes its most effective contribution to the overall
program, the avoiding of unnecessary duplication of activities,
et cetera, will prove possible we earnestly hope. The recom-
mendations of the Embassy and Hirschmann will guide the Board.
HULL
(GHW)
WHB:MMV:KG
NE
S/CR
6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
217
CABLE TO ANKARA
From War Refugee Board to Steimhardt.
Please deliver the following message to Reugen
Resaik, Istambul, from Moses A. Leavitt of the American
Jewish Joint Distribution Committee:
"Hirschmann returning Ankara Katski also arriving
Istambul soon Stop We hope rescue activitiescan
be expended and comvinced fullest wholehearted coopera-
tion your part with Hirschmann mest essential this
purpose"
THIS IS WRB CABLE TO ANKARA NO. 55
June 15, 1944
10:15 a.m.
FHilab 6/14/44
Regraded Unclassified
218
MRE-772
Ankara
This telegram must be
paraphrased before being
Dated June 15, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 10120 p.m.
Regraded Unclassified
agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State
Washington
1075, June 15, 5 p.m.
The Department is doubtless aware Resnik,
the representative in Istanbul of the American Joint
Distribution Committee, has been purchasing food-
stuffs and clothing in Turkey for shipment as relief
supplies to the Jewish population in Transnistria
and other occupied areas. These purchases have
been paid for in dollars exchanged at the official
rate of 1.30, as Turkish law requires that Turkish
goods exported abroad must be paid for in foreign
currency exchanged at the official rate. At the
request of Resnik the Embassy has taken up with
the Foreign Office the possibility of granting
the diplomatic rate of exchange for these purchases.
Up to the present time the Foreign Office has been
unsuccessful in its efforts to induce the Ministry
of Finance to grant the diplomatic rate.
UKCC is effecting these purchases in Turkey of
relief supplies for shipment to Greece and is utilizing
for this purpose without the permission of
the Turkish Government Turkish pounds obtained
at the favorable rate. Besnik has suggested that
as many of his purchases are made for his by UKCC
it might be willing to pay therefor in the same
manner as it pays for its own purchases for Greece,
to be thereafter reimbursed in London or Washington
in dollars. The local representatives of UKCC are
agreeable to Resnik's request but require instructions
from London to accord him the consideration requested.
Besnik and the local representatives feel that if such
a request is made by Washington it will be promptly
granted. I recommend that the Department request
London to instruct UKCC Istanbul to comply with
Resnik's request.
STEINHARDT
WSB
RB
219
PLAIN
FE
June 15, 1944
AMEMBASSY,
MSSCOW.
1491 Fifteenth
The fellowing WAr Refugee Board cable which has been sent to
the chiefs of Missions"i Turkey, Switzerland, Sweden, Spain, and
Pertugal is repeated to you for your information:
QUOTE On June 9 the President announced to the press
that the army camp Fort Ontario Oswelge New York has been
set aside as an emergency refugee shelter to house one
thousand refugees who are being brought to this country
immediately from Italy outside the regular immigration pre-
cedure. Refugees will remain in the camp for the duration
of the war. The text of the cable despatched to Ambassader
Robert Murphy in Algiers on June 8 was released to the press
by the President and appeared in the radie bulletin of
June 9. The War Refugee Board is charged by the President
with everall responsibility for this project. The army has
been directed to take the necessary security precautions to
insure that the refugees remain in the camp during the war.
The War Relecation Authority is to be responsible for the
actual administration of the camp. The Board regards the
action taken by the President as a great step forward in
the efforts of this Government to rescue refugees in
imminent danger of death and to afford all possible relief
and assistance to such victims. This step can only be
preperly sppraised against the background of the many
vigorous measures taken by the President and the Board in
the intensive effort to rescue the victims of Hitler's
extermination policies. The action taken by the Preddent
in bringing refugees from Italy to a place of safety in
this country should agáin demonstrate clearly to the world
that it is an important policy of this Government to rescue
as many refugees as pessible. Fellowing this announcement
this Government should be in a stronger position to urge
Allied and neutral countries to expand their efforts on
behalf of refugees. It is the confident hope of this
Government that through the joint efforts of Allied and
neutral countries many additional lives ca be saved.
Hopefully, the President's action will become known in the
occupied areas and should have an important psycholegical
effect in convincing the Nazis and their suberdinates
throughout Europe that this Government is serious in its
deep concern for the fate of persecuted peoples. Evidence
is already at hand that the efforts of this Government in
the refugee field have brought new hope to the persecuted
people in the occupied areas and the President's action
should serve as a further manifestation of the effectiveness
and security of the humanitarian policy of this Gevernment.
The President has also directed, in addition to the
action indicated above, that a survey be made immediately
of the possibility of enlarging existent refugee facilities
in the Mediterranean area and finding new havens
of refuges
Regraded Unclassified
220
-2-
of refuge in that area for these people. Movements to
increase the quota of the refugee camps in the Middle East
from 25,000 to 40,000 are being made. The opening of a
camp in Tripelitania which would accommedate about 1500
persons has been agreed to by the British Government. We
are canvassing the possibility of taking refugees tà Cyprus
together with possibility that some southern Italy refugees
may be cared for in Sicily, pursuant to the President's
suggestion. We are also exploring other possibilities.
The above represents an effort of this Government, in
coepration with the British Government, to find places
of refuge in which shelter may be found by all persons
escaping from Italy.
You are requested, keeping the above in mind, to act
as expeditiously as possible in the fellowing manner. The
feregoing should be brought to the attention of the govern-
ment to which you are accredited, the significance of the
action in the refugee field being emphasized. The determine-
tion of this Government to find havens of refuge
for all persecuted peoples who can escape from German-
centrelled areas should be made clear to the go vernment
to which you are accredited. Please explore carefully
therefere with such government all pessible means by
which further aid in the rescue and relief of victims of
enemy reecution can be given by it. Consistent with the
military situation every effort should be made to give
publicity in the meutral countries and in easy territories
to the President's action and its significance.
The results of the action which youtake pursuant to
this telegram should be reported immediately UNQUOTE
Please bring the action taken by the President to the
attention of the Soviet Government. This cable should also
be berne in mind in any discussions with the Soviet authori-
ties concerning possible means by which further aid in the
reseue and relief of victims of enemy oppression can be
extended by that Government.
HULL
(GFW)
WRB:MMV:KG
II
6/13/44
Regraded Unclassified
221
CORRECTION ON
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM : American Embassy, Moscow
TO
: Secretary of State, Washington
DATED : June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 2152
CONFIDENTIAL
This message was erroneously marked 2142. Please change
the serial number from 2142 to 2152.
Regraded Unclassified
222
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION
OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FBM-722
Rio de Janeiro
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 15, 1944
communicated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 7:58 p.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT 15 STATE
Washington.
JUN 16 1941
S/N
2179, June 15, 2 p.m.
Finance Minister Souza Costa informed the Embassy
today that hE would head Brazilian delegation to the
United Nations monatary and financial conference.
Referring to questions Department's circular telegram
June 3, 6 p.m. hE will bE accompanied to the United
States by staff of five persons whose names will bE
indicated later. In the United States delegation will
bE joined by Dr. Octavid Bulhoes and Valentim Boucas
and two stanographers. Accommodations at Bratton Woods
required for total of ten persons of whom two are female.
Finance Minister has requested, in addition to living
accommodations for his staff, two large rooms for offices
and a reception room, the last to adjoin his private
room.
Local delagation plans to leave Rio de Janeiro
by plane June 25 arriving Miami June 27. They will
proceed to
223
-2- #2179, June 15, 2 p.m., from Rio de Jansiro.
proceed to Washington by train on June 28 arriving
the following day. The Finance Minister has requested
information as to the date and hour when the special
train will leave Washington for Bratton Woods.
CAFFERY.
JT
EDA
Regraded Unclassified
224
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
MJB-834
PLAIN
London
Dated June 15, 1944
Rec'd 7:01 a.m., 16th
Secretary of State,
PARTMENT OF STATE
Washington.
JUN 16 1444
DIVISION OF
CZECHO 12, fiftoenth
COMMUNICATIONS a RECORDS
FROM SCHOENFELD
Reference my 8, June 3, naming five Czechoslovak
delegates to Monetary Conference and Department's
circular June 3, 6 p.m. total delegation comprises
nine persons: head, Feierabend; deputy head, Mladek;
other delegates, Hanc, Hexner, Basch; secretary, Sturz;
one cipherman and two female typists. First two will
travel by sea with British delegation, exact arrival
date unknown. No office space required.
Replying Department's circular June 10 Mladek
designated for draft agenda committee.
WINANT
RR
Regraded Unclassified
225
AIRCRAM
FROM
cigalpa, Hondures
RESTRICTED
June 15, 1944
A-221
REC'D: June 20, 10am
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Secretary of State,
Washington.
JUN 2 1 1944
DIVISION OF
A-221, June 15, 12 noon.
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
Reference Department's circular telegram June 3, 1944, 6 p.m.
and ry telegram No. 180 of June 14, 1944, 10 a.m. regarding Honduran
representative to International Monetary and Financial Conference.
Pertinent parts of Foreign Office Note No. 1848 of June 14, 1944
are translated below:
"
The President of the Republic decrees the
naming of Dr. Julian R. Caceres, present Ambassador of
Honduras in Washington, D. C., to attend the cited con-
ference as Delegate of the Government of Honduras. The
Delegate of Hondures does not have full powers and should
submit to the Government of Hondures for approval or dis-
approval any proposal made
"
Full text and translation follow by despatch.
ERMIN
851
RCB:NB
Transmitted via courier pouch closing June 16, 1944, 1:30 p.m.
Regraded Unclassified
226
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Consulate, Kerachi
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER: 83
CONFIDENTIAL
You are informed that this morning Sir Theodore Gregory,
Indian Government expert agenda meeting Monetary Conference
Atlantic City June 24, left by air northern route landing
New York.
Tomorrow the other four delegates expect to leave
southern route landing Miami. Customs courtesies should
be arranged.
MACY
Regraded Unclassified
227
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Mabassy, Lendon
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NUMBER:
15
SECRET
NETER 15.
Schoenfeld sends the following.
I an informed by the Notherlands Government that the
desired assurances have been given by the British on the
four points mentioned in my telegram of June s, 1944, No. 9.
Beyen has been designated to attend informal committee meet-
ings held in Atlantie City and leaves here tomorrow by air.
WINANT
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
228
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FBM-892
Managua
This telegram must bE
paraphrased before being
Dated June 15, 1944
commu icated to anyone
other than a Government
Rec'd 11 a.m.
Agency. (RESTRICTED)
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Secretary of State,
JUN17194
Washington.
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
365, June 15, 3 p.m.
Department's circular telegram May 25, 3 p.m.
Delegates to the Monatary and Financial Conference
will bE: Dr. Guillermo Sevilla Sacasa, chairman,
presently in Washington; Dr. Leon de Bayle, delegate,
presently in NEW York; and Dr. J. JESUS Sanchez
Ruiz, DElegate presently in Philadelphia.
STEWART.
WSB
REP
Regraded Unclassified
229
PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Embassy, Lima
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NO.
787
COMPIDENTIAL
The Embassy's despatch of June 3, no. 496, which listed Peruvian
delegates to the Monetary and Financial Congress to be held at Butten
Woods, July 1, is referred to herein.
We have just received a note from the Foreign Office, dated June 11,
which confirms the Peruvian delegates and adds the name of Juan Haves,
Minister and Commercial Counselor of the Peruvian Embassy at Washington,
and as technical advisor, Mr. Emulio Barreto Latseh has been named.
Until January 1944 Mr. Barreto vas attached to the Peruvian Foreign
Ministry's Commercial Office as Assistant Chief.
WHITE
ef:copy
6-20-44
Regraded Unclassified
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF 230
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
FBM-835
PLAIN
London
Dated June 15, 1944
Rec'd 7 a.m., 16th.
Secretary of State,
Washington.
DEPARTMENT
DIVISION OF OF OF OF OF
POIES
JUN 171941
58, Fifteenth.
FROM SCHOENFELD.
COMMUNICATIONS RECORDS
My 51, June 1.
Polish delegation to Monatary Conference will
bE Dr. Leon Baranski, general manager Bank of Poland
who will head delegation; Dr. Stanislaw Kirkor, chief
financial policy section Ministry Finance; Dr. Zygmunt
Karpinski, manager Bank of Poland; Mr. Janusz Zoltowski,
Financial Constllor Polish Embassy Washington; Dr.
Michal Hailperin, professor of Economics; Dr. Wladyslaw
Malinowski, Polish Embassy Washington; and a lady
typist from Washington. Baranski and Kirkor will
proceed from London. The other members are in United
States. The two London delegates have accepted invitation
to travel with British delegation and request priorities
Equal to British.
WINANT.
RR
Regraded Unclassified
231
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
RA-552
PLAIN
London
Dated June 15, 1944
Rec'd 9:40 a.m.
Secretary of State
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Washington
JUN 15 1944
4777, fifteenth
DIVISION OF
COMMUNICATIONS & RECORDS
Embassy's 4697, twelfth.
Add name Gustav Gottesman bearer service
passport and secretary Polish delegation to
conference. His name apparently omitted their
initial request owing to Polish misunderstanding
British exit requirements. Imminence his depar-
ture suggests immediate reply.
WINANT
WSB
Regraded Unclass fied
PARAPHEASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED
FROM:
American Embassy, London
232
TO:
Secretary of State, Washington
DATED:
June 15, 1944
NO.:
4782
SECRET
Optimism was expressed by Keynes regarding the prospects of agreement, not only on
informal conversation.
the stabilization fund but also on the Bank for reconstruction and development, in an
Keynes had formed the conclusion, after reading the United States Treasury's memo**
randum, that between the United States and United Kingdom positions on investment there
was ground for acceptable compromise.
A strong desire and hope that during the forthcoming discussions the plans for the
bank would be advanced to & point parallel with the stage reached on the stabilisation
fund was expressed by Keynes.
A deadlock continues on the question of continuing the commercial policy talks.
On the question of commodity policy there is little controversy, and delay in continuing
the discussions in this field is merely a by-product of the difficulties at the Ministery
iat level on talks concerning commercial policy. The view has been expressed by both
Ronald and Keynes that while there should be no inherent difficulty on the commodity
policy talks, they regarded them as being 80 bound up with general commercial policy
that until the deadlock on the commercial policy talks has been broken there would be
little point in attempting to continue them.
The views expressed in the Embassy's cable of May 13, no. 3914 that the Civil
Service viewpoint remains unchanged in fundamentals are supported by these and other
personal talks with officials concerned with Article VII discussions. Particularly with
;ard to the question of continuing the conversations at the technical level, civil
servants have from time to time pressed the Ministers vigorously and behind the scenes
there has been much argument and some friction. Some of the British with whom we
frequently discuss commercial policy matters have recently asked not to have their names
at present quoted even confidentially because of this friction.
In regard to the immediate future, British civil servents concerned with the com-
mercial policy talks are pessimistic. If it were known, they agree that the multilateral
scope of the proposed international commercial policy arrangements would have a favorable
effect on British opinion. Since there is widespread fear in Britain that the results
of the November elections might be to destroy the chances that the United States will be
willing to enter into an arrangement for a substantial all round reduction in trade
barriers, the British doubt whether this would have much practical effect before those
elections. In the immediate future Ronald also does not see any prospects of breaking
the deadlock on commercial policy. Keynes, on the other hand, is more hopeful and it
was evident during the conversation with him on Tuesday last that in order to get the
commercial policy talks restarted as soon as he returned from the United States, he
intends to sake strong personal efforts within Government circles. In relation to the
commercial policy and commodity talks, Keynes stated that he had been so completely tied
up with the work on the monetary and investment plans that he had been unable recently
to take any active steps.
into attempting to break the deadlock, that his persuasive powers, his influence with
In our opinion there is some hope that if Keynes is able later to throw his energies
Ministers and Board his of political Trade insight may produce more effectiveresults than can be reached
**81 though they technically able and of high integrity.
through the are civil servants who are far less effective in political strategy,
no nine
The in foregoing series. message is confidential for those concerned with Article VII questions;
WINANT
ef:copy 6/23/44
Regraded Unclassified
233
DEPARTMENT
INCOMING
DIVISION OF
OF
COMMUNICATIONS
STATE
TELEGRAM
AND RECORDS
LC - 855
PLAIN
London
Dated June 15, 1944
Rec'd 7:10 a.m., 16th
Secretary of State,
DEPARTMENT FF STATE
Washington.
JUN 16 1941
4795, Fifteenth.
FOR SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY FROM CASADAY.
Department's circular telegrams June 10, 2 p.m.,
and June 10, 6 p.m.
British Treasury replies as follows:
"All our delegation will be available at Atlantic
City if required, but in response to a request to
keep down numbers in viow of the limited accomodation
the party will divide on arrival at New York, and
the group going to Atlantic City will consist of
Lord and Lady Keynes, Sir Wilfrid Eady, professors
Robbins and Robertson and Mr. Opie, Mr. Bolton, Mr.
Snelling, myself (H.E. Brooks) with three stonographers
and two cypher clerks complete the list. Mr. Ronald
Mr. Bockett and the others will be available on
request but otherwise will be at Washington or else-
where.
WINANT
DD
Regraded Unclassified
NOT TO BE RE-TRANSMITTED
234
COPY NO.
11
SECRET
OPTEL No. 196
Information received up to 10 a.m., 15th June, 1944.
1. NAVAL
HOME WATERS. Early 14th feint landing carried out near
CABOURG, 4 miles east of R. ORNE, supported by naval bombardment.
Enemy air activity against shipping in Eastern sector negligible
during 14th, but night 14th/15th parachute mines dropped. Early 15th
U.S. tank landing ship in northbound convoy torpedoed by aircraft.
The H.M. Battleship referred to in OPTEL 195 has reached ROSYTH.
ANTI-SUBMARINE OPERATIONS. 14th. Promising attack by air-
craft off BERGEN 14th/15th. Surface craft claim to have sunk U-boat
off START POINT, 15th. 1 U-boat probably damaged by aircraft in Bay
of Biscay.
2. MILITARY
N.W. FRANCE. Landing of Allied reinforcing formations is pro-
ceeding rapidly and smoothly. Heavy fighting continues on all sec-
tors. In CHERBOURG Peninsula, enemy have regained MONTEBOURG, but
U.S. troops have made progress to north of it and also N.W. of CAREN-
TAN. Fluctuating fighting south of CARENTAN, where U.S. troops first
lost ground in face of counter-attack by enemy panzer division, but
subsequently regained -some of it. An enemy infantry division from
BRITTANY has been identified in fighting in CHERBOURG Peninsula, On
2nd Army front, we have lost VILLERS BOCAGE, but are holding strongly
in area of CAUMONT and to the east, and have counter-attacked in
vicinity of TILLY SUR SEULLES. Prisoners evacuated to 13th June
approximately 10,000.
ITALY. Our troops have reached R. VOMANO, 8 miles S.W. GIULI-
ANOVA and we have captured AQUILA. Armoured elements have seized
TERNI, South African troops have captured ORVIETO and we have also
reached lateral road north of LAKE BOLSENA. U.S. forces advancing
N.W. from ORBETELLO are 3 miles south of R. OMBRONE.
3. AIR OPERATIONS
WESTERN FRONT. 14th. 4,269 offensive and escort sorties
flown. 2,171 tons on 20 airfields in N. FRANCE and LOW COUNTRIES.
Emmerich 011 Refinery and military objectives in ABBEVILLE-AMIENS
area also attacked. 695 aircraft flew beachhead patrols while
medium, light and fighter bombers attacked communications and other
targets in and south of beachhead. In N. FRANCE enemy casualties
in combat 14, 2, 19 for 15 Allied heavy bombers, 1 medium bomber and
24 fighter bombers and fighters missing.
14th/15th. Aircraft despatched: HAVRE Port Area 353; targets
in battle area 337; railway targets at DOUAI 112; STPOL 112; CAMBRAI
107; GELSENKIRCHEN 011 Plant 35; bomber support and Intruders 61;
sea mining 12; leaflets 4. Enemy casualties by Intruders 7, 1, 1,
About 200 enemy aircraft operated over N, FRANCE and BELGIUM,
including some over beachhead. 1 enemy aircraft over EAST ANGLIA.
ITALY. 13th. 242 medium bombers and 260 fighters attacked
targets in Central ITALY and LEGHORN and SPEZIA areas. 240 fighters
stacked targets in battle area.
SOUTH GERMANY. AUSTRIA AND N.E. ITALY. 13th. Fortresses and
01berators dropped 569 tons on motor works and railway centre MUNICH,
3:9 tons on CBERPFAFFENHOFEN airfield; 157 tons ordnance works N.E.
MUNICH; 50 tons railway centre INNSBRUCK; 50 tons oil storage
tanks PORTO MARGHERA. Enemy casualties reported in combat - 35, 13,
15. For 20 Allied Bombers and 6 fighters missing.
Regraded Unclassified