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472802341
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Chron File 3/92 [1]
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472802341
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Chron File 3/92 [1]
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05483-006
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Records of the White House Office of the Chief of Staff to the President (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Philip D. Brady Chronological Files
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1992-03-31
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
1999-0735-F; 2025-0235-S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Chief of Staff, White House Office of
Series:
Brady, Phillip D., Files
Subseries:
Chronological Files
OA/ID Number:
05483
Folder ID Number:
05483-006
Folder Title:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
O
o
O
0
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 31, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
Phillip D. Brady
nh
SUBJECT:
National Medal of the Arts
The National Medal of the Arts was established by law in
1984. The award is given on the basis of recommendations from
the National Council on the Arts to individuals or groups who
have contributed exceptionally to the arts in the United States.
No more than twelve Medals may be awarded in any calendar year.
With your concurrence, as in years past, we will schedule an
award presentation and luncheon with you and the First Lady in
June or July.
Attached at TAB A is background material on the candidates
nominated for this year's awards by the National Council on the
Arts. We can provide further information on any candidate if you
desire. These nominations were staffed, including Counsel
clearance, and we have indicated the support received for each
nominee.
We have also added explanatory notes for certain nominations
and have placed asterisks next to a proposed consensus slate of
twelve awardees, taking into account the National Council's
recommendations, White House staff support for the nominees, and
the desire to include medalists from a range of arts. This list
includes, as is traditional, one corporate and one individual
patron; it is also broadly representative of the various arts --
music, theater, painting, architecture, writing, and film.
Thank you.
(attachment)
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
01. List
List of Nominees (7 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(6)
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRAJ
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA)
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE WHITE, HOUSE
WASHINGTON
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THE WASHINGTON
DATE: 3/17/92
MAR 18 MAR A8:55 A8:
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THANKS
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 12, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR RON KAUFMAN
DEPUTY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS
FROM:
MARK PAOLETTA Nhe
ASSISTANT COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Operation Thank You
At your request, I am sending along the video I previously
mentioned to you. For your information, the video was created,
directed, and produced by Michael Marnell, an artist in New York.
The singer/soldiers that appear on the video are the 82d Airborne
Division All-American Chorus. These are real soldiers singing.
Marnell filmed the video last August at Fort Bragg, North
Carolina. The war and other military action footage was provided
by the Department of Defense. The video aired on The Nashville
Network (TNN) on February 24, 1992, the one year anniversary of
the ground war, during TNN's morning talk show.
The videocassette contains the video song "Operation Thank You,"
followed by the segment from The Nashville Network, which
includes both the video song and a short interview with Marnell.
Apparently, the first version of the song is missing the voice
over by the President at the beginning, but it is in the version
that was aired on TNN.
If you think it is appropriate, I recommend that you send it
along to the President. I think he'll love it.
3/30/92 SHOW
THE WHITE HOUSE
POTUS
WASHINGTON
March 27, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR THE CHIEF OF STAFF
THROUGH
HENSON MOORE
WAS
DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF
FROM
KATHY SUPER K Super
DEPUTY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
FOR APPOINTMENTS AND SCHEDULING
SUBJECT
PROPOSED DATES FOR BUSH-QUAYLE FUNDRAISERS
Listed below are recommended dates for the upcoming Bush-Quayle
Fundraisers. These dates would best accomodate events already
scheduled for the President. The campaign would like to precede
with these dates once approved.
APRIL 27
Charlotte, North Carolina - Fundraising Dinner
(on return from Miami commencement address)
APRIL 30
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania - Fundraising Lunch
Columbus, Ohio - Address the Ohio Association of Broadcasters
Columbus, Ohio - Fundraising Dinner
MAY 5
New Jersey - Fundraising Dinner
MAY 7
Atlanta, Georgia - Fundraising Dinner
MAY 12
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - Fundraising Dinner
MAY 15
Cincinnati, Ohio - Fundraising Lunch
(on the way to Houston, Texas)
MAY 21
Greenwich, Connecticut - Fundraising Dinner
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 30, 1992
The President today recognized Richard Hassell of Norfolk,
Virginia, as the 732nd Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Mr.
Hassell has dedicated more than 50 years of his life to serving
his neighbors and fighting poverty in his community.
Mr. Hassell, 84, is a lifelong resident of Norfolk and the sole
operator of Christian Action, a charitable organization he
established in 1964. A former actor and personal assistant to
the late country-western singer and movie star, Tex Ritter, he
was inspired to help people of the Tidewater area by his mother,
who ran a soup kitchen during the Great Depression.
Extending a helping hand to those who have lost jobs or whose
homes have been destroyed by fire, Mr. Hassell is well-known
throughout his community and has formed friendships with many of
the people he has helped. Local businesses and individuals
support his work with contributions of food, clothing, and other
resources, including a van, storage space, and electronic
equipment. The Salvation Army, local churches, and state social
service agencies all refer clients to Mr. Hassell. Sometimes
receiving over two hundred phone calls in one day, Mr. Hassell
tries to address the individual needs of each caller. During the
holiday season, he receives donations from retail stores and
others to feed over 900 persons at the Open Door Chapel in
Virginia Beach.
The President salutes Richard Hassell for exemplifying his belief
that, "From now on in America, any definition of a successful
life must include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 31, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of the Cuban
American Bar Association (CABA) Pro Bono Project of Miami,
Florida, as the 733rd Daily Point of Light for the Nation. The
CABA Pro Bono Project meets the legal needs of impoverished
individuals in Dade County.
CABA attorneys formed the pro bono project in 1984 in response to
the lack of interpreters at established legal aid programs.
Attorneys regularly hold clinics in low-income neighborhoods,
where they offer advice and legal assistance to those who do not
qualify for other programs in Dade County. Clients needing more
in-depth help are referred to other legal programs or to CABA
volunteer attorneys. CABA attorneys defend people facing
mortgage foreclosures, collection actions, divorces, alimony
cases, and many other litigations, but do not accept criminal,
immigration, or bankruptcy cases.
More than 160 CABA attorneys, mainly of Cuban heritage, donated
over 1,000 hours last year. The attorneys not only make court
appearances, but also research and file their own briefs and call
on clients at home if necessary. Cases require an average of 25
hours of preparation, but have taken as many as 150. Following
the cases, clients who have worked with the attorneys are
questioned about the quality of representation and any additional
needs they may have. Two Catholic churches, St. John Bosco and
the Gesu, along with Legal Services of Greater Miami, Inc., have
supported the project financially and donated office space and
equipment.
The President salutes the volunteers of the Cuban American Bar
Association Pro Bono Project for exemplifying his belief that,
"From now on in America, any definition of a successful life must
include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
April 1, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of St. Mary's
Interfaith Dining Room of Stockton, California, as the 734th
Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Dining Room volunteers
ensure that homeless and indigent individuals develop dignity,
hope, and a sense of well-being.
First opened to feed migrant workers in 1955, St. Mary's
Interfaith Dining Room was reorganized in 1983 with the help of
its current Director, David Brewer. Its 130 volunteers now
assist 18 paid staff members in providing services ranging from
feeding the hungry to educating homeless children. Food is
served daily and most other services are offered on weekdays.
In addition to serving over 17,500 meals monthly, St. Mary's
serves as an outreach center for the poor, offering shower
facilities, clothing, and job referral information. Hairstylists
donate their services to ensure that clients maintain personal
hygiene, while volunteer doctors provide free medical treatment
to three hundred individuals monthly and volunteer dentists treat
450 people each month.
The center also includes a school for homeless children who do
not reside in a specific school district. Students are fed
breakfast and lunch, ensuring that they are adequately nourished
each day. They are taught by one full-time certified teacher and
rotating student teachers from California State University,
Stanislaus. In addition to this teaching commitment, student
teachers assist parents and children in relocating from temporary
to permanent housing, helping to ease the children's transition
into a regular school.
The President salutes the volunteers of St. Mary's Interfaith
Dining Room for exemplifying his belief that, "From now on in
America, any definition of a successful life must include serving
others.'
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
April 2, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of Any Baby Can
(ABC), Inc., of San Antonio, Texas, as the 735th Daily Point of
Light for the Nation. ABC volunteers strengthen families by
helping parents and siblings learn to accept and appreciate the
special needs of their children.
Thousands of children in San Antonio have special needs resulting
from autism, chronic or terminal illnesses, hearing impairments,
or other problems. Because many parents do not realize or fully
understand the nature of these problems, children may be left
without proper medical or therapeutic care.
Since 1982, ABC volunteers have been helping families, 80 percent
of which are low-income, and their children, from birth to age
eight. The volunteer-operated "Parent Helpline" offers support
and advice and refers families to ABC case managers or to other
agencies. At monthly support groups, parents receive training
and information. At these meetings, which are led by parent
volunteers and either a counselor, psychologist, or other
professional, parents learn about subjects such as "Sudden Infant
Death Syndrome." Parents who are crisis survivors run a resource
library, Michael's Place, and visit homes with staff case
managers to instruct other parents about their children's special
physical and emotional needs.
More than 450 volunteers devoted over 30,800 hours and served
1,056 families last year. Over 40 volunteering seniors, ages 55-
80, provide in-home respite care, escort children to visit
incarcerated parents, provide day care for homeless children,
teach parenting skills, and help parents understand medical
terminology. "Intensive Care Grannies" are specially trained
volunteers who work one-to-one with families in crisis at their
homes, visiting daily, often for several weeks. More than 12
graduate students from Our Lady of the Lake University give of
their time to counsel and listen to the needs of families three
days per week. Many volunteers are bilingual, enabling them to
better serve San Antonio's large Spanish-speaking population.
The President salutes the volunteers of Any Baby Can, Inc. for
exemplifying his belief that, "From now on in America, any
definition of a successful life must include serving others."
# # #
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
April 3, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of the Lunch Buddy
Program of Olympia, Washington, as the 736th Daily Point of Light
for the Nation. Adult volunteers befriend elementary school
students, helping these children develop self-esteem and good
character and values.
The Lunch Buddy Program was organized in March 1990 by Mary
Southon, Volunteer Coordinator for the Olympia School District,
John Van Rooy, a family resource specialist, and Mark Haddock,
current principal of Garfield Elementary School. Through the
program, a caring adult volunteer is matched with a student who
needs more individual adult attention. Volunteers spend at least
one hour per week with their "buddy," eating together, talking,
playing, or reviewing class assignments.
Teachers refer students who might benefit from this extra
attention to the program. Many of the students are from low-
income or single parent families, have low academic performance,
or do not interact well with their peers. Through "Lunch
Buddies," they develop friendships that usually last for the
entire school year. Sixty-one volunteers, including city and
state employees, senior citizens, business professionals, and
school district employees, currently work with students from
Madison and Garfield Elementary Schools. Applicants are screened
by the volunteer coordinator and the respective school counselor
matches each volunteer with a student.
Teachers maintain that students who are matched with a lunch
buddy have shown improvement in attendance, class participation,
and academic performance and have also exhibited enhanced social
skills.
The President salutes the volunteers of the Lunch Buddy Program
for exemplifying his belief that, "From now on in America, any
definition of a successful life must include serving others."
# # #
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE
April 3, 1992
UNTIL APRIL 4, 1992
The President today recognized Joe Slone of Louisville, Kentucky,
as the 737th Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Mr. Slone uses
his experiences as a recovering alcoholic to help others overcome
the effects of alcoholism and develop a sense of well-being.
A former newspaper reporter and editor, Mr. Slone was able to win
his battle against alcohol in 1983, following 18 treatment
programs. This personal triumph, coupled with his background as
an admissions counselor and community relations director of a
shelter, convinced Mr. Slone that he needed and wanted to do
more. In 1988, he completed training as a Certified Chemical
Dependency Counselor (CCDC) to help others beat their dependency
on alcohol and drugs.
Since obtaining his CCDC, Mr. Slone has gone beyond his regular
duties by volunteering countless hours during lunch, after work,
and on weekends counselling alcoholics. Currently, he devotes
between 25 and 30 hours per week at the St. Vincent dePaul Center
for homeless men and at St. Jude House, a halfway house for
recovering female alcoholics. He counsels over sixty men and
women individually each week, spending 15 to 20 minutes checking
their progress or even several hours discussing their problems.
He reaches out to others in need of help by speaking at
Alcoholics Anonymous meetings throughout the year.
Mr. Slone is convinced that, with support and guidance, people
can change. His recovery from alcoholism has come through the
help and emotional support of counselors, and he has given that
same support to others struggling to break their dependency.
The President salutes Joe Slone for exemplifying his belief that,
"From now on in America, any definition of a successful life must
include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
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THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 27, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR ALL COMMISSIONED OFFICERS
FROM:
PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and Staff Secretary
SUBJECT:
WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENCE
As the June 3, 1991, memorandum to commissioned officers and
administrative contacts stated, "the President places a very high
priority on ensuring that all mail addressed to him is answered
promptly and responsively." Recently, the President has expressed
concern with respect to the handling of mail and asked that offices
be reminded of the importance he places on this matter.
The purpose of tracking selected mail (with the blue cover sheet)
is to ensure that this mail is answered promptly -- within
two weeks. Occasionally, the final answer to the writer's concern
is not available within that time frame; in such cases, an interim
response should be sent acknowledging the writer's concerns and
following up with final disposition as appropriate.
Your office receives a biweekly report of tracked mail that is
over two weeks old. Currently, our records indicate that your
department has a number of documents that are overdue. Recognizing
that you may have handled the matter by phone or failed to close
out the tracking sheet, we would ask you to:
Review your list, close out completed cases, and
return the entire package to Records Management;
Take steps to answer all outstanding tracked mail.
Your office also receives letters without the tracking sheets from
the general public that relate to your office's area of expertise
or responsibility. They, too, should be answered promptly -- even
if the only possible response is to thank the writer for sharing
his or her views.
The volume of the President's mail is currently very high --
approximately 75,000 pieces per week -- and we recognize that
responding to those letters referred to your office places a
burden on your resources. Nevertheless, the President has again
emphasized the high priority he gives to correspondence, and your
assistance in ensuring that all mail addressed to him is answered
in a timely and responsive manner is very much appreciated.
Thank you.
FYI NSC
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FROM: PHILLIP BRADY
Assistant to the President
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XX
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Information
Action
Let's Discuss
03/28/1992 16:31 OFDA Washington, DC USA
202 647 5269 2504621 P.01
4H
USAID
Agency for International Development
Bureau for Food and Humanitarian Assistance
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)
DATE: 3/27
NUMBER OF PAGES
INCLUDING
THIS COVER SHEET: 6
PLEASE DELIVER THIS MESSAGE
THIS MESSAGE IS
TO
FROM
Name:
Name: Valene Newson
Office: White House
Office: OFDA
Telephone:
Telephone: 647-7436
Fax:
456-2397
Fax: (202) 647-5269
NOTE: Sathern Arrica situation report
03/28/1992 16:32 OFDA Washington, DC USA
202 647 5269 2504621
P.02
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
WASHINGTON, D.C.
OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE
(OFDA)
SITUATION REPORT NO. 1
9:00 a.m.
March 23, 1992
SOUTHERN AFRICA - Regional Drought
Areas Affected: The entire Southern Africa region, including Zimbabwe, South Africa, Zambia, Malawi,
Namibia, Mozambique, Angola, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland
Summary of USG Assistance
OFDA
$166,000
FFP
$69,761,600¹
USDA
$40,200,000²
TOTAL USG
$110,127,600
'This figure includes pre-drought allocations to drought affected countries in the region.
²This figure does not include $20,000,000 in USDA food credits or pending USDA food assistance.
General Situation
distributed in the form of food aid. (Figures included
A severe drought throughout Southern Africa has
in this situation report are based on estimates from
obliterated all hopes of successful crop yields this
U.S. Government, international organization and host
season. The region received almost no rain during the
government officials in the region. As the drought
growing season, and the little rain that did fall came
situation continues to unfold, these figures are subject
too late to save dehydrated crops. Many Southern
to change. OFDA will provide updated information in
African countries accustomed to drought conditions
subsequent situation reports.)
normally rely on South Africa and Zimbabwe as
surplus producers to provide a grain cushion in
Republic of South Africa
desperate times. This year, however, both South
The Republic of South Africa (RSA), which usually
Africa and Zimbabwe, along with Zamhia, Malawi,
serves as a granary for the Southern Africa region,
Namibia, Mozambique, Angola, Botswana, Lesotho,
produced insufficient crops this year to meet even its
and Swaziland, will require food assistance.
own needs. The lack of rain caused irreversible
damage to maize crops, leaving RSA with only one-
The U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
third of its normal maize production (maize is a staple
reports that cereal production in Southern Africa is
food of the region). The impact of the drought on
not expected to be more than 16 million tons, a 25%
farm workers in South Africa is expected to be
decrease from last year's poor harvest. This could
disastrous. USAID/Pretoria reports a growing number
lead to widespread severe malnutrition later in the
of displaced farm workers moving into squatter camps.
year in the more vulnerable areas. The region is
Some estimates suggest that the drought may displace
expected to require imports of almost ten million
up to 100,000 farm workers.
metric tons (MT) of food, as compared to a normal
year's import needs of two million MT. Over
An anticipated regional problem is the impact of
two million MT of the imported food will need TO be
increased food imports on the RSA's ports and
03/28/1992
16:32
OFDA Washington, DC USA
202 647 5269 2504621
P.03
2
transportation systems. The RSA plans to import at
Many areas of Zimbabwe face severe water shortages,
least six million MT of commercial maize along with
which has resulted in the rationing of water in most
other food products to cover its needs, and to support
towns, causing a deterioration in health and hygiene.
commercial sales to Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland and
Only 10 of Zimbabwc's reservoirs are over 50% full,
Namibia. The six million MT. along with some
and these are all in Mashonaland. There is a serious
portion of the import needs of neighboring countries,
water problem in Bulawayo, a major city in
will need to come through RSA ports, which will place
Zimhabwe, due to water shortages and exploding
considerable strain on the port infrastructure. The
sewer lines. The GOZ plans to deploy 600 static
trucking capacity and rail transportation systems will
water storage tanks to hospitals, schools and other
also be stretched to their limits.
institutions, in resettlement and communal areas, that
have been forced 10 close due 10 the water shortage.
Zimbabwe
The planned operation will cost over $33 million and
Due to poor rains in 1991, Zimbabwe, typically a
will utilize national and donor funds.
regional food exporter, faces its worst drought of the
century with dangerously low in-country food stocks.
Zambia
The Government of Zimbabwe (COZ) expects the
Even before this year's drought. Zambia's depleted
country will run out of food this month and is looking
internal food reserves had forced the country to
to Import 200,000 MT of maize immediately in
import food to satisfy its needs. This year, Zambia
addition to the 100,000 MT that is currently being
had been expecting large production outputs due to a
imported from South Africa. In the long term,
change in price policy that had stimulated increased
Zimbabwe will require substantial donor assistance to
planting. The expected levels of marketed production
avert serious food shortages and malnutrition. In
are especially significant in Zambia where over 5077
August, the GOZ will need to import at least 1.6
of the population reside in cities. Despite great
million MT of maize along with 240,000 MT of wheat,
hopes, drought conditions changed national production
150,000 MT of soybcans, and 15,000 MT of rice. A
expectations to 40% below last year's low harvest.
study conducted by the Standard Chartered Bank in
Zimbabwe estimated the total impact of the drought
The food situation in Zambia is currently manageable
on their agricultural sector at $383 million.
due 10 commercial imports of 150,000 MT of maize
from South Africa, and the planned arrival of 70,000
An estimated 40% of the total population and over
MT of U.S. food aid in early summer. The shortfall
60% of the rural population have applied for
of this year's harvest will begin to affect the food
government-funded relief. Current GOZ programs
situation in July 1992. Based on estimates of final
focus on the aged, handicapped, widowed and
harvest production, Zambia is looking to import
unemployed, and include about two million drought
approximately 900,000 MT from July 1992 to July
victims. However, in January and February, between
1993. Of this amount, approximately 200,000-300,000
51 and 63 percent of those who qualified for relief
MT may be needed in the rural areas 10 supplement
programs actually received food. GOZ reports
this year's low harvest retention.
indicate that over 35,000 children are suffering from
malnutrition.
On Feb. 11, 1992, the Government of the Republic of
Zambia (GRZ) declared that a disaster existed in
FAO reports that the drought has had 0 serious
Zambia affecting 60% of the population. By Feb. 26.
impact on livestock, causing increased cattle deaths in
the disaster was redeclared to encompass the entire
southern areas. Reports indicate that 90,000 caule
population.
have died and 310,000 cattle may die soon if the rains
don't arrive. Livestock farmers are selling their cattle
Malawi
in anticipation of further pasture deterioration and the
Southern Malawi faces its worst crop harvest in over
high cost of animal feed.
20 years. The near total loss of many cash crops in
03/28/1992
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3
the south could result in the need for special feeding
(GON) or international donors to keep food prices
programs. USAID/Lilongwe reports that the country
down.
will need to import 800,000 MT of maize to mecl its
own needs. This figure was confirmed by the
The depletion of fodder and pasture land has led to
President of Malawi in his speech to Malawi's
the forced early sale of livestock in Namibia. This
Parliament in mid-March. About 140,000 MT will be
trend is cause for concern as the sale of livestock now
imported through commercial means, but the
will make it difficult for small herders to purchase
remainder of food imports will require donor
food later this year. EWFIU, with the help of the
assistance.
U.N., is monitoring the drought's effects. The GON
plans 10 institute measures to reduce livestock
World Food Program (WFP) reports the need to
pressure on the range, which may include emergency
import 30,000-40,000 MT to fill the gap between the
marketing subsidies, temporary utilization of unused
immediate food needs of the Mozambican refugees in
pastures and low interest loans for farmers to
Malawi and the 110,000-120,000 MT already promised
purchase fodder for breeding stock. The GON's
by the international community (including the USDA
National Disaster Management Committee is
contribution of 60,000 MT, valued at $10 million, for
responsible for coordinating emergency relief, but a
refugee needs). There are almost one million
national disaster has not been declared.
Mozambican refugees in Malawi. WFP and the U.N.
High Commissioner for Refugees estimate that
Mozambique
247,000 MT of maize along with pulses. groundnuts,
About two-thirds of Mozambique's farmland, primarily
oil and other commodities will be needed from the
in the southern and central portions of the country, is
international community to stock their refugee
affected by the drought. In some arcas lack of rain
programs from July 1992 to December 1993.
and extremely hot weather have destroyed 100% of
maize crops. Mozambique is normally a major
The Government of Malawi (GOM) issued an appeal
importer of donor-financed food, and international
on March 9, 1992 for international donor assistance to
donors often provide food through arranging swaps
avert possible widespread starvation.
and/or purchases with Zimbabwe and South Africa,
but this will not be possible this year.
Namibia
According to the Ministry of Agriculture's Early
Commercial and relief food needs for 1992/93 are
Warning & Food Information Unit (EWFIU), basic
estimated at 1.5 million MT. I arge numbers of
grain production in Namibia is expected to be down at
people, concentrated in and around the cities, are
least 63% from last year. However, if raius do not
completely reliant on the market network to meet
come this month, production could decrease as much
their food needs. Estimates indicate that an
as 90%. Namibia in the past has imported up to
additional one million drought victims will be
53,000 MT of maize in a given year; estimates for
dependent on food aid this year. This will require a
1992/93 indicate that Namibia will need to import
40% increase in current food aid, bringing the total
between 90,000-118,000 MT of maize.
food aid needed for 1992/93 to at least 414,000 MT.
Namibia should have no problems obtaining food
Angola
through commercial imports from RSA, but these high
Southern portions of Angola suffer from drought
priced imports will not be accessible to vulnerable
conditions and U.S. Government representatives in
groups with limited means. EWFIU reports that
Angola report serious crop damage in Cuando
500,000 of Namibia's 1.4 million people may be at risk
Cubango province (UNITA figures indicate crop
of hunger from failed crops. USAID officials estimate
losses in some arcas of the province as high as 88-
that between 50,000-80,000 MT of maize imports will
99%). The northern portions of the country appear to
need to be subsidized by the Government of Namibia
be receiving sufficient rainfall. FAO reported that
03/28/1992
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4
Angola will need to import 270,000 MT of corcals of
mine labor in South Africa. The Government of
which 100,000 MT will need to be distributed as food
Lesotho has not declared a national disaster.
aid. A U.N. team, which was scheduled to return
from an assessment of affected areas on March 14,
Swaziland
plans to meet with UNITA this month to devise an
Reserves from 1991's bumper crop in Swaziland has
emergency plan.
left the country with a satisfactory food situation.
despite current drought conditions. Maize production
Botswana
this year is estimated at 68,700 MT, less than half of
Botswana, a country that normally imports 80% of its
the 153,000 MT produced last year. In a year of
food needs, will require imports of 90% of its needs
normal crop yields, Swaziland imports approximately
this year due to failed crops. Botswana's commercial
40,000 MT of maize to meet its needs. This year the
food needs are included in South Africa's import
Government of Swaziland estimates the need for
calculations, but the country may require increased
78,250 MT in maize imports for the 1991/92 scason.
food aid for feeding programs for school children and
FAO estimates that 100,000 MT of commercial
other vulnerable groups.
imports will be needed for 1992/93. Most of these
needs will be met through commercial imports from
FAO reports deteriorating pasture conditions leading
the RSA.
to a critical livestock situation in July 1992. Major
loss of cattle could impact the economic and social
viability of the rural areas by leading to increased
Assistance provided by the U.S. Government
migration to the cities. A Government of Botswana
(USG)
(GOB) interministerial drought assessment team is
The U.S. Embassy in Pretoria declared a drought
currently touring the country to collect information on
disaster on Feb. 24. The U.S. Embassy in Harare
crop and livestock conditions. The leam will gn out
declared a drought disaster on Feb. 11. OFDA
again in April to update its information, and in May
provided USAID/Harare with $25,000 for water
the Rural Development Council will use the findings
projects that will benefit 35,000 residents in or near
to determine the need for special relief programs.
drought stricken villages.
Lesotho
The U.S. Embassy in Lusaka declared a drought
This year marks the second year of drought in
disaster on Feb. 27. USAID/Lusaka plans to request
Lesotho, affecting maize, wheat and sorghum
additional PL480 Title II and Title III assistance. Pre-
production, primarily in the lowland areas.
drought Food for Peace (FFP) aid to Zambia includes
USAID/Maseru reports that current estimates suggest
20,000 MT of Title II maize valued at $6.86 million
that production totals for 1991/92 will be 30% below
and 46,000 MT of Title III maize valued at $18
normal. Lesotho currently imports 50-60% of its
million.
cereal needs from South Africa, and if the RSA
continues to meet Lesotho's commercial import needs,
Mozambique is currently scheduled to receive 31,468
the country should have an adequate supply of maize
MT of Title II maize, beans and vegetable oil valued
through June 1992. If the current estimates hold true,
at $7,874,800, and 110,000 MT of Title III maize
Lesotho may require 200,000 MT of maize imports
valued at $27,144,200. Pending approval is 2,060 MT
after July 1992, a 40,000 MT increase of their regular
of Title II maize, beans and vegetable oil valued at
import needs.
$581,900.
Regardless of commercial imports, Lesotho faces a
Lesotho is currently scheduled for FFP Title II food
serious problem at the household level as families face
aid of 8,114 MT of corn meal and vegetable oil valued
an increase in food prices along with a decrease in
at $3,864,000. Angola is scheduled to receive 15,173
earning potential due to the continuing reduction of
of Title II maize valued at $6,018,600.
03/28/1992 16:35 OFDA Washington, DC USA
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5
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is
and another to Mozambique and Angola. Individuals
processing two Section 416 agreements for 60,000 MT
will also conduct assessments in Malawi, Tanzania,
each of maize that will be funnelled through WFP to
Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland and Namibia.
Malawi and Mozambique. Each program is valued at
$20,100,000. Additional emergency food allotments of
The FAO leams will assess production, imports, post-
115,000 MT maize and 50,000 MT sorghum to the
harvest losses and input needs for the next season.
region are under active consideration. USDA.
The WFP teams will examine targeted food needs,
approved concessional credits for Zimbabwe include
vulnerable group requirements and logistics/shipping,
102,000 MT of Title I maize valued at $10 million and
and will set up a shipping/logistics coordination office
a $10 million GSM 102 credit for 102,000 MT of
either at the South African port of Durban or Port
maize. An additional $10 million credit is under
Elizabeth.
consideration.
The World Bank is sending a team to Zimbabwe on
On Feb. 6, 1992, a USG working group was formed to
March 25 to negotiate a fast-disbursing drought
monitor the drought situation and coordinate USG
recovery credit of $100 million. Existing projects will
response. The working group is currently focusing on
also be reviewed for possible modifications to assist
further assessing the extent of the drought in the
with the drought.
region and mobilizing needed resources.
AID fielded two assessment teams 10 Southern Africa
on March 22 10 examine drought-induced emergency
food and non-food needs. The Icams include food,
medical, water and sanitation, and famine mitigation
experts. One team will assess the needs in Angola,
Namibia, Mozambique, Lesotho and Swaziland, and
the second team will travel to Zimhabwe, Zambia,
James James R. Kunder
Kinde
Director
Malawi and Botswana. The cost for travel and
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance
perdiem for the two teams is estimated at $141,000.
Summary of USG Assistance
OFDA
$166,000
FFT
$69,761,600¹
USDA
$40,200,000²
TOTAL USG
$110,127,600
¹This figure includes pre-drought allocations to
drought affected countries in the region.
This figure does not include $20,000,000 in USDA
food credits or pending USDA food assistance.
Assistance Provided by the International
Community
FAO and the World Food Program (WFP) are
planning joint assessment missions, beginning March
23, to countries seriously affected by the drought. The
agencies will send one team to Zimbabwe and Zambia
TOTAL P.06
2300
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
March 27, 1992
C2 MAR 27 P4: 05
MEMORANDUM FOR PHILIP D. BRADY
FROM:
WILLIAM F. SITTMANN kotter
SUBJECT:
Proposed Press Release on Italian President
Cossiga's Visit
Attached is a draft press statement for release March 27
announcing the President's meeting with Italian President
Francesco Cossiga on April 7. Cossiga's office also plans to
announce the meeting on Friday.
Attachment
Tab A
Draft Statement
CC: Marlin Fitzwater
Roman Popadiuk
3/27/92
OK for vehase
pm P. Brachy
Bt
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
STATEMENT BY THE PRESS SECRETARY
Italian President Francesco Cossiga will meet with the President
on April 7 to bid farewell. Cossiga is leaving office this
summer. The two leaders will discuss world developments and
bilateral relations.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
3/26
Rose,
for your request
from Nibha &
Saily
Ranh,
PaiD
nikki -
be noted that
your files show
before anything
is ack. to Barry
Landon, give us us
a call, -Rse
2-26-92
Rose:
We will check with you before answering any
future Landau gifts. However, please note
that this gift was acknowledged by Susan
Porter Rose and you may want to include her
in the loop.
Nikki
Gifts should be the office to answer correspondence yes!
p.s. It is for this reason that White House
smg
for gifts. Also, I have made a note on our computer
regarding this donor's status.
WHGSUMRY
GIFT UNIT SUMMARY REPORT (PRESIDENTIAL)
03/03/92
Records logged between 02/20/92 and 02/26/92
Donor Group: GENERAL PUBLIC
PAGE 6
Name and Address of Donor
Description of gift
Value
(9210185) 92/02/18
MR. BARRY LANDAU
ORIGINAL DRAWING. INK DRAWING OF MICKEY MOUSE WITH A
$45
PRESIDENT
BUSH '89 PIN; LETTERED "HATS OFF TO OUR NEXT PRESIDENT
BARRINGTON ENTERPRISES INC.
GEORGE BUSH", (SIGNED) "MICKEY MOUSE '88."
60 WEST 57TH STREET
NEW YORK, NY 10019
Sensite
Current Location: ARCHIVES/PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
(9210198) 92/02/18
MR. ROGER LOEMAN
REPRODUCTIONS OF PEN-DRAUGHT OF CHRISTOPHER COLOMBUS.
$4
HEIMOLENSTRAAT 44
3-6" X8" AND 1 - 10" X7".
B/9100 SINT NIKLAAS
ARCHIVED BECAUSE OF COLUMBUS ANNIVERSARY.
BELIZE
Current Location: ARCHIVES/PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
(9210199) 92/02/18
REVEREND FATHER
PAPERBACK BOOK. "PAPERS FROM HARVARD UNIVERSITY" BY THE
$9
V. ANTONY JOHN ALAHARASAN
REV. DR. V. ANTONY JOHN ALAHARASAN, PH.D., PUBLISHED BY
ST. JOHN CHURCH
VANTAGE PRESS, 1991.
5 ST. JOHN COURT
ARCHIVED BECAUSE COMPARES THE BELIEFS OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS.
CROMWELL, CT 06416
Current Location: ARCHIVES/PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
(9210212) 92/01/14
MS. MARYBETH MORGAN AND
PHOTO'PIN. 1 1/2" X 2" PIN. PICTURES MRS. BUSH AND GEN.
$10
DAVID J. KACAR
POWELL DANCING AT THE RECEPTION FOR BLACK APPOINTEES IN
STARR YNIGHTS
THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION.
2309 SCROGGINS ROAD
ALEXANDRIA, VA 22302
Current Location: ARCHIVES/PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
THE WHITE HOUSE
copy
WASHINGTON
February 10, 1992
Dear Barry,
Your gracious letter to Mrs. Bush and the
box of gifts you BO kindly sent her are deeply
appreciated. We are sorry to hear about the
broken pipes in your apartment, but hope that
you have been able to put things back together
as soon as possible. As Mrs. Bush said
optimistically about their house in Maine:
"Unlike Humpty Dumpty, this can be put back
together again."
Although it will not be possible to get
together with Mrs. Bush, your inquiry is
appreciated as are your efforts on behalf of
President Bush. I am sure Mrs. Bush will want
me to convey her appreciation and best wishes,
Sincerely,
Susan Porter Rose
Chief of Staff to Mrs. Bush
Mr. Barry M. Landau
President
Barrington Enterprises Inc.
60 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
02. Memo
Nikki Richnow to Gift Unit Staff
6/5/90
(b)(6)
Re: Donor (1 pp.)
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
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financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
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P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
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personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes I(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
02a. Memo
Nikki Richnow to Staff/Volunteers
3/26/92
(b)(6)
Re: Gifts from Barry Landau (1 pp.)
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
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RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRAJ
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
CoS
RB
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 3/23/92 07
TO: SAMUEL K. SKINNER
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
03. Memo
Roger B. Porter to the President
3/24/92
P-5
Re: Response to Your Note (5 pp.)
Open on Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By
(NLGB)
on
6/7/05
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA)
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal, personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 24, 1992
02 MAR 26 AIO : 41
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
ROGER B. PORTER
RBP
SUBJECT:
Response to Your Note
Three immediate reactions. Your thoughts on "The Vision
Thing" clearly lay out a sense of direction for the country.
They reflect an idealism that is grounded in reality.
Moreover, the goals you outlined attend to both the quantity
(standard of living) and quality (a better America) of life.
You specifically asked for suggestions regarding: (a)
helping others and caring about people; and (b) "fairness."
First, the matter of helping others.
1. One of the most memorable and uplifting phrases of
your presidency is the phrase "kinder and gentler." It
suggests an America that helps the poor, the homeless, and the
least fortunate in our society. It conveys the sense of a
society that is compassionate and generous -- a society that
cares.
2. "Kinder and gentler" is reflected in the Americans
with Disabilities Act, in your approach to civil rights, in
your child care legislation where the benefits are targeted to
the most economically needy families, in your dramatic
expansion of resources for Head Start, in your health care
proposals that provide a tax credit or deduction for those
least able to afford health insurance.
3. But, an America that cares is reflected in more than
simply government policies or programs. De Tocqueville
asserted that America was great because she was good. And the
goodness that he saw was found in the daily lives of American
citizens. Americans felt a moral sense of obligation to help
others.
4. This help does not primarily involve doing things for
others, but helping others to help themselves. As the Oriental
proverb reminds us: "If you give a man a fish, you feed him for
a day; if you teach a man to fish, you feed him for a
lifetime." The reciprocal of help is the notion of
responsibility on the part of the recipient.
-2-
5. The Americans with Disabilities Act does not consist
in doing things for the disabled, but in paving the way for
bringing the disabled into the mainstream of American life.
Likewise, your approach to civil rights rejects the notion of
quotas and embraces the notion of equality of opportunity.
6. In short, perhaps the line you are looking for is: As
a people and as a government, we must reach out to the poor,
the homeless, and the most needy in our land to help them help
themselves.
Second, the matter of "fairness."
1. During much of the last half century Americans have
vigorously debated two concepts of "fairness" often under the
name of equality. One concept is equality of results; the
other is equality of opportunity.
2. Those who are most concerned with equality of results
tend to be uncomfortable with the outcomes produced by free
markets. They are interested in government playing an active
role in redistributing income and other types of benefits.
They are comfortable with and support quotas.
3. Those who are most concerned with equality of
opportunity see themselves as committed to opening doors, to
allowing everyone to share in a prosperous economy. They see
government creating the conditions whereby the tide will rise;
and that this rising tide will lift all boats. Government
plays an important role in removing barriers to the full
participation of all citizens in the economic life of the
country.
4. Your enterprise zone legislation or Job Training 2000
initiative are illustrative of the kind of policies designed to
help facilitate equality of opportunity.
5. In short, the "fairness" you advocate is inextricably
linked with the concept of opportunity, not with the notion of
equal results.
6. A line that attempts to summarize this is: We must
make America a land of opportunity for all our citizens so that
every citizen is able to reach his or her potential.
A short paper on themes I wrote last month that you may
find useful in thinking about how we convey our message is
attached.
Attachment
February 22, 1992
Themes
Three Concerns
Perhaps the public opinion polling data that is of most
concern is the large number of Americans who believe we are on
"the wrong track.' The explanations they offer vary
enormously, but their concerns seem to fall into one of three
general categories:
1. The belief that the economy is in a rut and that
little is being done to get it out. In short, the government
(the President and the Congress) is simply waiting and hoping
things will get better.
2. Anxiety about whether we will be able to compete
against Japan, Germany, and other industrialized nations. Are
we going to become a second-class economic power?
3. A sense that we have lost our moral compass as a
nation, that we have departed from fundamental values, and that
the fabric of our society is deteriorating.
Three Positive Themes
One possible approach is to frame positive themes that
organize our policies in a way that addresses these three
general sets of concerns. Specifically:
1. The theme of a dynamic, growth-oriented America.
This theme would explicitly convey a sense of dynamism and a
commitment to change. It would focus on:
Stimulating investment in productive capital and real
estate (15% Investment Tax Allowance, modified AMT,
$5,000 tax credit for first home, penalty-free IRA
withdrawal, modified passive loss rule);
Creating incentives for entrepreneurship (capital
gains reduction, enterprise zones);
Producing a revolution in American education (This
could reference the partnership with the Governors
and the National Education Goals);
Aggressively expanding exports and opening markets
for U.S. goods and services (Uruguay Round, NAFTA,
Enterprise for the Americas).
-2-
2. The theme of an internationally competitive America.
This theme would focus on the initiatives we have advanced to
enhance U.S. competitiveness during the coming decade.
Specifically:
Reducing the growth of government spending and
government borrowing (Orderly reduction in defense
spending; domestic discretionary freeze, personnel
freeze; 246 programs eliminated; Caps on mandatory
spending and subsidies);
Increasing private saving and investment (Capital
gains, IRA plus proposal);
Enhancing research and development (Permanent R&E tax
credit, 861 allocation rules, record levels of
Federal R&D spending, technology transfer from
Federal laboratories)
Strengthening our workforce (Job Training 2000 and
America 2000) ; and
Reducing regulatory and legal burdens (Regulatory
review initiative, civil justice reform, tort
reform).
3. The theme of a good America.
This theme would focus on restoring fundamental values and
emphasizing a sense of stewardship, service, and
responsibility.
Strengthening families (Increasing the personal
deduction for children, student loan interest
deduction, penalty-free IRA withdrawals for health,
education or first home purchases);
Providing safe, crime-free neighborhoods and
communities (Comprehensive crime proposal, drug
strategy, weed and seed) ;
Trusting Americans to make wise choices for
themselves and their families (Choice in child care,
health, and education).
Providing affordable health insurance for all
Americans while maintaining the quality of the U.S.
health care system.
-3-
Three Defining Issues
In addition to three positive themes that convey action and
that provide a sense of direction, three issues can help frame
the choices America faces in 1992.
1. Economic Growth vs. Redistribution
In contrast to the President's emphasis on economic growth
(expanding the size of the pie) many Democratic Party proposals
have as their essence increased redistribution (dividing up the
pie more "fairly").
Rather than taking from one group to give to another, the
President is focusing on lifting the entire system. He
recognizes that it is economic growth that creates jobs and
raises standards of living.
2. Government Control vs. Individual Choice
In at least three crucial areas that affect the lives of most
Americans, the President has sought to enhance individual
choice and not pursue a path leading to more governmental or
bureaucratic control.
Health Care (National health insurance/pay or play VS.
Increasing access for needy Americans to private health
insurance);
Child Care (Funding a child care provider syndrome vs.
giving needy parents resources and the freedom to choose child
care arrangements for their children); and
Education (Current system VS. school choice for\students
and their parents).
3. Liberalized trade and investment VS. Economic
Nationalism and Protectionism
The President has a strong record of expanding export
opportunities and opening foreign markets to American goods.
Many of the Democratic candidates favor explicitly
protectionist legislation and oppose negotiation of a North
America Free Trade Agreement and other trade liberalizing
measures.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
03a. Notes
The President to Roger Porter
3/14/92
P-5
Re: The Vision Thing (2 pp.)
Open on Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By (NLGB) on 6/7/05
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
pold
March 14, 1992
The Vision Thing
1
-
World Leadership to guarantee that our children Live in peace,
free from the fear of nuclear war in a world where all people
know the blessings of democracy and freedom.
Leadership at Home to guarantee a better America That means
strengthening the American Family (family values) It: sand bein
the best in Education. It means winning the war on drugs and
crime.
It means striving for a society free of bigotry and hate
To achieve this 'vision' we must remain as the active Leader
the entire world. We must be sure our word is credible that
means we must not only have the convictions about democracy and
freedom, but we must have a strong National Defense posture. our
security comes first but the security of other friends around the
world is vital too.
To achieve the domestic 'vision' we must fully implement America
2000 in education. That program, with its emphasis on Math and
Science etc will guarnatee our leadership in the highly
competitive evolving world.
To reasoure Amricans abvout their standard of living and their
own prosper must expand, not shrink, our involvemnt and
leadership
international trade.
We
very way possible to strengthen the American
family
of involvement in schools; community action
program
that build on our "Points of Light" Concept
To address family concerns on health care we must press for
prompt enactment of a new health care plan.
FROM THE PRESIDENT
CAMP DAVID
And to guarantee our prosperity we must make a majhor effort to
control the ever spiralling debt of this country.
The two charts attached (prepred, I believe by Gregg Petersmeyer)
summarizes much of the above very well.
"Family, Jobs, Peace" can be expanded to :
World Peace and Freedom Abroad led and guaranteed by a
strong America. At home, domestic tranquility where family is
strengthened, educational excellence achieved, the threat of drugs
and crime eliminated, and the spirit of America is renewed by
governemnt being close to the people and by a 'points of light'
concept enhanced, a concept which appeals to the better nature of
man, a concepot of neighbor helping neighbor.
FROM THE PRESIDENT
a
0
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
03c. Charts
The Bush Framework (2 pp.)
2/7/92
P/5
on Expiration of PRA
By
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE BUSH FRAMEWORK
(How We Will Reach the Promised America)
THE ENGINES OF HOPE
THE PROMISED AMERICA
(What We Seek)
Commitment to Children, Youth Developing Good
Character and Values, and Strong Families
Economic Growth
Excellent Schools and a Culture that Fosters
}
Lifelong Learning
Community Action
Meaningful Employment Opportunities and the
Hope of Economic Advancement
Government Action
A Decent, Drug Free and Safe Place to Live
in a Clean Environment
Quality Health Care and a Sense of Well Being
AMERICA'S FOUNDATION
(Our Fundamental Beliefs)
Core Values
New World Order
Freedom
Peace and Security
Strong Families
Spread of Democracy
Individual Responsibility
Stable and Dynamic World Economy
Hard Work
Free and Fair Trade
Opportunity for All
The White House Office of National Service February 7. 1992
THE FORCE FOR CHANGE:
THE BUSH PLAN FOR THE PROMISED AMERICA
The
Fundamental
Family
Jobs
Message of
George Bush
Peace
Requires
Five Missions
Commitment
Excellent
Meaningful
A decent,
Quality
for America
to children
schools and
employment
drug-free
health care
to Give the
and youth
a culture
opportunities
and safe
and a sense
Message
developing
that
and the hope
place to
of well being
good
fosters
Meaning
of economic
live in
character
lifelong
advancement
a clean
and values
learning
environment
And
Three Engines
of Hope to
Accomplish
These Missions
Economic
Community
Government
for America
Growth
Action
Action
March 3, 1992
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
3/26/92
Shily,
Jil like a
Signed copy
of this
Rouly
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 26 MAR 92
TO: Shirley Green
FROM: WILLIAM B. CALDWELL, IV
Associate Director
Office of Public Liaison
Room 191, OEOB, x7845
REF: Ltr (POTUS) to Vietham Vet. Mem. Comm.
Leigh Ann metzger asked
me to pass this draft letter
to you.
B.ll Coldrall
OK for signature per Phil.
John l. Hardwr
3/26/92
DRAFT OF GB LETTER
INITIALS: GB / td / Ag
DOCUMENT TITLE: /fo/p/scruggs.j-td
DRAFT DATE/LETTER DATE: Mar 26 1992/
CORRESPONDENCE #: 676113
CLEAR WITH: Leigh am
CC:
Metzger, John Gardner WHCC:
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESSED TO:
ENCLOSURES AND SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Mr. Jan C. Scruggs, Esq.
CLEAR WITH BRADY, Leigh Ann Metzger
President
CC: Bill Caldwell, Room 191
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, Inc.
CC: t.donovan
815 Fifteenth Street, NW
Suite 601
CC: Doro Bush (? Patty Presoch asked
Washington, D.C. 20005
also
up to date. See note)
that she be hept
chuck agel
typing: note 20ddressees on
original droft. I didn't
Dear Jan: Chuch:
know how to computer arrange a
I am writing to express my wholehearted admiration and support as you
begin to observe the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Tenth Anniversary. It
was a pleasure to meet with your advisory committee last December in
recognition of this milestone.
Known to millions of Americans simply as "The Wall," the Vietnam
Veterans Memorial has helped to bring much deserved honor to the men
and women who served our country in Southeast Asia. During the past
decade, the Memorial has also helped to bring healing, not only to
bereaved families and friends, but also to a Nation that was once
bitterly divided by the controversy surrounding the war in Vietnam.
Indeed, most walls are built to divide. This wall was built to unite.
Today, Americans have a profound new appreciation for our Vietnam
veterans and for each of the fallen heroes whose names are enshrined
in the Memorial. It is my hope that as we mark the 10th anniversary
of
this for great symbol of courage and sacrifice, we will continue the
process of reconciliation and renewal.
efforts
On behalf of all Americans, I thank you and the members of your
advisory committee for your contributions toward that worthy goal.
You have my best wishes for the months ahead.
Corres. #: 676113
CC to
Connie of
Cos
and and 5 resident
Staff Secretary
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
XX
Information
03/26/92
Action
Let's Discuss
FOR:
CONNIE HORNER
FROM: PHILLIP BRADY
Assistant to the President
and Staff Secretary
X
Information
Action
Let's Discuss
UNITED STATES
AND EXCHANGE AMERICA
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20549
MCMXXXIV
OFFICE OF
THE COMMISSIONER
March 26, 1992
The Honorable George H.W. Bush,
President of the United States
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
For the three years of your Administration and the
three prior years, I have had the privilege of serving as a
Commissioner of the Securities & Exchange Commission. President
Reagan twice honored me with nomination as Commissioner, and you
graciously designated me Acting Chairman of the Commission during
the brief 1989 interregnum. I am proud to say that I have,
throughout these six years, stood and spoken for the principles
of regulatory administration and regulatory reform that are the
hallmark of the Bush and Reagan presidencies.
Now it is time for me to give place to others. I thank
you for the opportunity of service in the Government of the
United States, and I wish you continued wisdom as you lead our
Nation in the years ahead.
I hereby resign as Commissioner effective at the end of
the day March 31, 1992.
Very truly yours,
Edward H. Fleischman
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Date: March 25, 1992
32 MAR 25 P5: 01
TO:
Phil Brady
FROM: RONALD C. KAUFMAN
Deputy Assistant to the President
for Political Affairs
Room 132, OEOB, x2135
Thought you might be interested
in the attached. list of question-
naires from Bush-Quayle '88.
P.S. I'd appreciate it if you
would return it when you are
through. Thank you.
03/26/92
Thanks.
Phil Brady
ICC
OA
Cod
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 03/25/92
TO:
SAMUEL K. SKINNER
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
04. Memo
C. Boyden Gray to the President
3/24/92
P/S
Re: Judicial Selection (2 pp.)
Open on Expiration of PRA
(Document (NLGB) Follows) on
1/19/09
By
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA)
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIAJ
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
12 MAI 25 PE.
March 24, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
C. BOYDEN GRAY smh
FROM:
COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT:
Judicial Selection
In response to a letter from Senator Biden, you wrote me a note
asking about judicial vacancies. See Tab A. I have attached a
draft response to Senator Biden for your approval. See Tab B.
The status is as follows: with the nominations sent up recently,
and another two that should go early this week, we will have 54
judicial nominations with all paperwork complete pending before
the Committee. 17 are circuit and 37 are district court
nominees.
We have an additional 15 district court nominees whose ABA and
FBI clearances are complete. We are presently reviewing their
FBI files. We wanted to first get to you as many circuit court
candidates as possible, so that Senator Biden would not be able
to give date of nomination as an excuse for postponing action on
the circuit court nominees.
There are tentative selectees in clearance for an additional 30
vacancies, an additional 10 where the selection process is
underway, and another 20 or so that no work has been done on. We
therefore think we could have about 90-100 nominations ready to
go by mid-May.
This means the executive branch is actually doing very well on
its job. As you will remember, the judgeship legislation signed
in December 1990 created an additional 85 positions. The fact
that we have only 30 for which no selection has been made, which
is the normal "float" due to retirements, means that the
selection process is current.
The Senate is beginning to see the results, but is about two
weeks away from feeling them fully. Your response to Biden can
point that out, let him know that we have made and continue to
make extraordinary efforts to fill these vacancies, and ask him
to make a corresponding effort to go well beyond the usual level
of Judiciary Committee activity to meet the need to fill these
vacancies. (The Committee did so in both 1979 and 1985, after
new judgeship legislation was passed.)
2
Finally, on whether we should give any kind of favorable response
to Biden regarding his interest in setting up a process for a
possible future Supreme Court vacancy: I'm really sorry to come
to this conclusion, but I'm afraid I think we cannot give an inch
that. I think you'll find the following example persuasive.
Had on we given Biden any opportunity to give us his views about the
last vacancy, he almost certainly would have said "Don't send
Clarence Thomas. He won't get through." Then, if you did
nominate Thomas, Senator Biden would have been able to say he
warned the White House not to do so, and this would have given
Senators an entirely procedural reason for opposing Thomas.
In short, the trouble with any kind of contact with Senator Biden
on this subject, no matter what terms we attempt to set, is that
we cannot control what Senator Biden will say, or how he will
describe what transpired. (The second difficulty could perhaps
be resolved by insisting that the communication be in writing,
but he would still control what the letter says and would use it
for tactical advantage, so I just don't think we should invite
it.)
Finally, as we discussed, this really has never been done with
the leadership of the opposing party, and I think you are rightly
very hesitant to set that precedent.
Accordingly, everyone involved in judicial selection believes you
should say nothing to Senator Biden on this subject, and his
letter to you does not in fact require a response on this point.
cc: Sam Skinner
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
04a. Note
The President to Boyden
3/10/92
P-5
Re: Judicial Vacancies (1 pp.)
Open on Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By (NLGB) on 6/7/05
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
PREST THE OF THE UNITED
or
March 10, 1992
Boyden cc: SS
The attached letter ( summary) from Biden makes me wonder
where we stand on vacancies. Do we really have 80???
Also would it be worth your sitting down with Biden, asking him
for his views on Court, long before we need a nominee?
Please discuss.
И
attachment: summary of a Biden Letter1
FROM THE PRESIDENT
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
MARCH 6, 1992
THE PRECIMENT
22 MAR 6 P5: 49
MEMORANDUM FOR: PHIL BRADY
FROM:
NICHOLAS CALIO nc
SUBJECT:
LETTERS FOR THE PRESIDENT'S READING FILE
Enclosed are several letters which the President recently received from Members of
Congress.
Sen. Joseph Biden (D-DE)
"I too am happy that we worked out how to handle
the FBI reports. We can now (and will) move on
the nominees. In the mean time, Mr. President, I
hope Justice will be able to move to fill some of the
more than 80 vacancies that presently exist. And if
you will forgive me for saying so, I still think it
would be useful to consider a mechanism?? for the
advice part of the advise and consent process. It is
going to be a difficult year if there is another spot
to fill."
Rep. Christopher Shays (R-CT)
"I just want to let you know I am eager to help you
in any way I can, especially in your efforts to be
reelected as President. If there is ever anything I
can do to help please let me know."
Sen. Strom Thurmond (R-SC)
Expresses his appreciation for the President coming
to South Carolina and speaking to the Southern
Republican Leadership Conference. Mentions his
efforts on the President's behalf and offers his
thoughts and support. Finally, he attaches a copy of
an AP article about his speech at the Conference.
Sen. Ted Stevens (R-AK)
"You did miss me at your announcement - Catherine
was there but I was in Alaska, actually in Fairbanks
and Anchorage that day. We are with you - call on
me whenever I can be of help. And take care of
yourself. As I told you, I've reached the point that I
am older than the President - and can give you that
advice from the vantage point of an older Senator"
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Dear Joe:
Thanks for your letter. I'm delighted to hear that you
want to move judicial nominations, and I understand you
have about 54 pending. I know you just received 18 of
these recently.
I've also checked into your question about the
80 vacancies (now 62, given the recent 18 nominations)
I am told the high number is primarily the result of
the legislation creating 85 new positions that you
passed with our support at the end of 1990 as part of
our shared commitment to combatting crime. I understand
we have been working very hard on these and have about
50 additional people in clearance, about 15 of whom are
quite close to nomination. We are also laboring
diligently on the rest. Therefore, all in all I think
you can count on having a total of about 70 nominations
by the end of the month and a total of about 100
nominations arriving in a reasonably steady flow by
the end of June.
I hope your Committee can put in a little overtime
starting right now, with an eye toward clearing out in
the next two months the nominations presently pending
before you. That way you would be able to start work
immediately on additional nominations as soon as they
come up. (I'm sorry for the "bubble," but I'm afraid
it's an inevitable result of the new judgeships.)
I realize that this means the Committee will have to
hold more than the usual number of hearings in the next
few months and for that matter for the rest of the year.
2
But I'm told the Senate confirmed about 85 judges
in 1985, after the previous judgeship bill creating
a similar number of judgeships was passed in 1984,
and about 135 in 1979, after a judgeship bill creating
some 150 new seats passed in 1978. I would hope we
could do at least that well this year.
I'm very grateful for your assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
The Honorable Joseph R. Biden, Jr.
Chairman
Committee on the Judiciary
United States Senate
Washington, D.C. 20510
we House today. want and forts to More GOP to
CONGRESSIONAL subvite LEADERSHIP
10:00am
3/25
PRESS IN ROOM)
thank the Republican Members of the
Senate leadership for coming down
tally by
importantly, I want to thank you all
for your help last week in trying to stop the
Democratic tax increase bill. They passed the
bill, but only narrowly. I vetoed it and, thanks
to you all, we've got veto strength which we will
use
today. show when the House attempts to override the veto
Give lough sawalide forder program for heal limito of the you univent. my obsibnl Phil
is
the
in
Plase
you!
Card 2
I'm looking forward to your support on the tax
increase veto today. I'm also grateful for your
support in opposing the firewall bill which is
coming up today in the Senate and tomorrow in the
House. That bill would eliminate one of the only
protections the taxpayer has against wasteful
federal spending -- the spending caps that are
part of the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990.
I hope we can win that vote for controlling
government spending. If we can't, I will veto it
too. We can't afford business as usual on
federal spending. The American people want
change and that means Congress must change. By
fighting this bill and by supporting our line
item rescission program, we're going to make a
change in attitude.
Card 3
(AFTER PRESS LEAVES)
--
Thanks again for coming down, and a special
thanks to all of you who came down for my speech
last Friday. (After giving a speech on how
Congress works, I hope we are still on speaking
terms). Let me mention at the outset that we are
going to have to conclude this meeting at about
10:45 instead of 11 a.m.
--
Naturally, I value your thoughts on the events of
last week and especially on where we go from
here. In my speech, I tried to call to the
attention of all Americans how our Democrat
friends are doing business. And, I think we
succeeded.
Card 4
-- In the coming weeks, I'll be talking more about
the subject of Congressional reform. I have some
more ideas about how to instill more "fairness"
in your work place. Because this so directly
effects you, I welcome your suggestions and
thoughts on this issue.
--
I also want to thank the Senate Republicans for
hanging tough last week in support of my veto on
George Mitchell's China MFN bill. I am convinced
our policy is going to produce results and I'm
especially grateful to Bob Dole and Bob Packwood
for your leadership.
Card 5
I know the House Democrats will attempt to
override my veto of the tax increase today. I
also understand that both chambers may consider
the bill to break down the budget firewalls
this week. We have been working hard on getting
Democrat support to defeat this bill and I am
optimistic we can succeed. Bob (Michel), you may
want to brief us on where we stand in the House
on these and other matters, then we can go around
the room.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
03/24/92
DATE:
NOTE FOR:
BOYDEN GRAY
The President has reviewed the attached, and it is
forwarded to you for your:
Information
Action
Thank you.
PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President
and Staff Secretary
(x2702)
cc:
3-24-92
THE PRESIDENT
Ran - Bonden told me you
were superb at the trial in
Miami. Im sony you had
to go though that, busy as
you are; but, given what
0.
Boyden told me, I in
glad you did it.
All But -
G
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
05. Memo
C. Boyden Gray to the President
3/20/92
P-5
Re: Dan Murphy Testimony at the Noriega Trial (1 pp.)
Open on Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By
(NLGB) on617105
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act- [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act- [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE PRESIDENT MAS
3/24/92
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 20, 1992
J2 MAR 20 P5: 41
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
C. BOYDEN GRAY MG
SUBJECT:
Dan Murphy Testimony at the Noriega Trial
Some time ago you asked me to check with Dan Murphy about his
testimony at the Noriega trial. I felt that it would be
inappropriate for anyone from the White House to contact Dan
directly about his testimony, but I had my staff talk to the
Justice Department prosecutors handling the case.
The prosecutors report that Dan did an outstanding job. He was
called by Noriega's lawyers to help them establish that the
Panamanian government cooperated fully with the South Florida
Task Force. In response to defense questions, Dan acknowledged
that the Panamanians invariably consented to U.S. boarding of
Panamanian flag vessels when we asked them to do SO. During
cross examination, the prosecution established that this was
merely a matter of the Panamanians bowing to our requests; Dan
stated that he could recall no instances in which the Panamanians
contacted us to suggest that we board a suspect vessel.
About the South Florida Task Force itself and your role in
organizing it, Dan offered nothing but praise. He stated that
you organized the task force at President Reagan's direction,
that you hit the ground running, and that the task force had an
immediate and substantial impact on the crime rate in South
Florida.
In sum, the prosecutors report that Dan's testimony helped
Noriega hardly at all, and portrayed you in a very favorable
light.
I have the transcript of Dan's testimony should you want to read
what he had to say.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 03/24/92
GENERAL SCOWCROFT
NOTE FOR:
The President has reviewed the attached, and it is
forwarded to you for your:
Information
XXX
X
Action
Thank you.
PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President
and Staff Secretary
(x2702)
cc:
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 24, 1992
Dear Billy Mc:
Thanks for your great letter. It sounds like a wonderful
visit.
We are high on President Sassou, who is really trying
hard to move towards a more democratic way. His problems
are immense. I will share with Brent Scowcroft his
willingness to help with the troubling problems of Zaire.
Things are getting a little better now as the economy
starts to show some life. I am concentrating on the
nation's problems, not on the campaign.
Thanks so much for checking in.
All best,
Mr. William A. McKenzie
as
McKenzie and Baer
Attorneys
1525 Elm Street, Second Floor
Dallas, Texas 75201
MCKENZIE AND BAER
ATTORNEYS
1525 ELM STREET. SECOND FLOOR
DALLAS. TEXAS 75201
past
214-954-1113
WILLIAM A. MCKENZIE
TELEX: 73-0820
March 18, 1992
"MCKENZIE-DAL"
FAX: 214-954-0989
The Honorable George Bush
President of the United States
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
I have just returned from nearly 31 weeks in the
Congo (Brazzaville) and South Africa. I heard of our superb
victory on Super Tuesday via short-wave radio in the brush
in South Africa and, of course, upon returning home I was
exhilarated by your victories in Illinois and Michigan.
While in Brazzaville, I had the pleasure and oppor-
tunity to meet for several days with President Denis Sassou.
President Sassou was effusive in telling me how proud he was
to have a visit with you and Barbara in Washington. The
autographed picture with you and President Sassou occupies a
very special place in the Presidential Mansion in
Brazzaville and also there is a copy hanging on the first
floor of our Embassy in Brazzaville. Our Ambassador there,
J. D. (Dan) Phillips, is outstanding and could not have been
more accomodating and helpful to me. He is a special friend
of Jane and Jack Irwin, our former Ambassador to France
during the Nixon administration, and who happen to be
friends of Sally's and mine. Jane Irwin is originally from
Fort Worth and went to Hockaday School here in Dallas with
Sally. Dan Phillips is also a very great friend of Ursula
and Ed Meese and I might add he serves you and our country
well in the Congo.
President Sassou asked me to convey to you, first,
his very best wishes and his prayer for y' ir re-election,
and he told me to tell you as follows: "It S my (President
Sassou's) desire to have a free and peaceful election in the
Congo SO that the Congo can be used and seen as an example
of how democracy works for the benefit of all Africa, speci-
fically Zaire, Angola and all of Central Africa. My primary
mission and role is to stabilize the Congo and its govern-
The Honorable George Bush
March 18, 1992
Page 2
ment SO that Gabon and all of Central Africa will follow the
Congo's lead."
President Sassou then said that, if possible and if
in any way he can be of help to our State Department or to
the United States, he will make himself available to assist
in solving the problems of Zaire by arranging a meeting bet-
ween himself, the Prime Minister from Katanga and Mobutu.
The President told me that it is critical to all of Africa
to bring peace and harmony and stabilize the condition of
Zaire and that any way that he could be used to effect such
a condition, he was available. He also mentioned to me a
need for peaceful solution to the problems presently
existing in Cabinda bordering on the Congo and being a part
of Angola. President Sassou was profuse in lauding and
praising the efforts of Mr. Henry Cohen, the Director of the
Office for Central African Affairs with the State
Department.
Mr. President, I am only being a messenger in
sending President Sassou's greetings to you, but I ' want you
to know how extremely proud Sally and I are of you and your
Presidency. You are admired all over this world for being
the finest President we have ever had and Sally and I both
are honored to be able to participate in your re-election
efforts.
I send my love and best wishes to Barbara and, as
always, my kindest regards to yourself.
Sincerely,
William
Birry A. McKenzie m₂
WAMcK/cas
CC: President Denis Sassou
Ambassador J. D. Phillips
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
06. Note
The President to Marlin
3/24/92
P/5
Re: Vision (1 pp.)
Open on
Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By
01
(NLGB) on 6/7/05
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
UNITED
March 24, 1992
Marlin,
of all things- Johnny Apple today says I lack 'vision'. How can a
nice and smart guy like Apple accuse me of lacking 'vision'.
Please send him last Friday's 'vision' speech. If that won't do
it-send him the empowerment speech- talk about vision that says
it all. The guy is simply missing a lot.
Faithfully,
GB
CM
FROM THE PRESIDENT
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 03/24/92
TO:
SAMUEL K. SKINNER
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
(This was delivered to the
Residence this evening.
THE WHITE HOUSE
The President made the call
WASHINGTON
at approximately 9:20p.m.)
DATE:
03/24/92
PATTY PRESOCK
ROSE ZAMARIA
BRIDGET MONTAGNE
TO:
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
(This was delivered to the
Residence this evening.
The President made the
call at approximately
9:20 p.m.)
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 24, 1992 02 MAR 24 P8: 51
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
RON KAUFMAN
DECL
DEPUTY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS
SUBJECT:
CONNECTICUT PRIMARY
As per our earlier discussion, a phone call from you to the
Connecticut Bush-Quayle supporters would be extremely well
received. Brian Gaffney, Bush-Quayle '92 State Co-Chairman would
receive the call. Other special guests would include:
John Miller, Republican National Committeeman
Jo McKenzie, Republican National Committeewoman
Dick Foley, Connecticut Republican Party Chairman
Pauline Kezer, Secretary of State
Chris Burnham, U.S. Senate Candidate
Johny Bush, Nephew
Several hundred Bush-Quayle supporters
Several members of the local press corps.
NOTE: Betsy Heminway will not be in attendance as she is in
Florida - 407/744-5033.
Early results indicate an extremely low turnout.
With 45% of the vote reporting, Republican results are:
Bush
67%
Buchanan
22%
Uncommitted
9%
Duke
2%
Democrat results:
Brown
38%
Clinton
35%
Tsongas
20%
Updated results will be provided immediately upon availability.
CONTACT NUMBER: 203/257-6000 x6307
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
3/24
Connie,
\
H would 60
inneciated if you
could provide a
response to the
presidents queiton
of your loche
Concerned Riabi
Fal
only
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
why
1
02 MAR 23 P8:
March 9, 1992
docamis
S
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
CONSTANCE HORNER
OH
Director of Presidential Personnel
SUBJECT:
Personnel Selection - President's Committee on
in
the National Medal of Science
I.
Background
The President's Committee on the National Medal of Science
is authorized by Executive order 12692. The Committee
shall recommend to the President individuals for the award
of the National Medal of Science.
II. Term
Members shall serve three year terms.
III. Membership
The Committee shall consist of twelve members appointed by
the President. The President of the National Academy of
Sciences and the President's Science Advisor shall serve
as ex-officio members. The President shall designate one
member as chairman. The current membership is as follows:
Name
State
Date of Appt. Term Expiration
France Cordova
PA
05/20/91
12/31/93
Mildred Dresselhaus MA
Clearance
12/31/95
Rita RicardoCampbell CA
05/20/91
12/31/93
Herbert Woodson
TX
Clearance
12/31/95
Isadore Singer
MA
Clearance
12/31/92
Edward Frieman
CA
Clearance
12/31/95
James Lin
IL
Clearance
12/31/93
Vacant
Vacant
*
Vacant
*
Vacant
Vacant
Vacancies
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07. List
List of Proposed Nominees (6 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(6)
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March24, 1992
02 MAR 24 P4:07
MEMORANDUM FOR PHIL BRADY
FROM:
SHIRLEY M. GREEN
1mg
SUBJECT:
March 20 Deadline
The attached draft would replace our current
GB reply to mail about the economy and about
other domestic initiatives. This cover letter
conveys the themes that the President covered
in the March 20 speech, and I suggest using
the WH fact sheet to fill in the substance.
APPROVE PALA DISAPPROVE
COMMENTS:
--ACTION RE: MARCH 20th DEADLINE--
BW/SMG
Dear:
Thank you for your letter and for your suggestions and ideas about
President Bush's economic and domestic agenda. The President cares
deeply about all those who are having hard times because of the
slow-growing economy, and he understands your concerns. Please
know that President Bush is determined that there will be change -
- and, equally important, the right kind of change -- in our
country.
The President has proposed numerous initiatives to Congress to get
our economy moving again and to encourage sustained economic growth
and keep America competitive in our fast-changing world. President
Bush believes that government polices that encourage job creation
and opportunities will ensure a sound and economically healthy
America. Yet, the task of changing commonsense proposals into
reality is difficult when there is a fundamental difference between
the Democrat-controlled Congress and the President about how to
solve America's problems. The President's proposals constantly
face significant opposition from the Democratic leadership of
Congress, whose answer to and problems is more taxes and more
Federal spending
frequent
that
President Bush will not sign legislation if he believes it will
harm our economy. In recently vetoing the Democrat-sponsored bill
to raise taxes, the President announced a number of steps that he
can take unilaterally to stimulate the economy, and he again called
on Congress to adopt his pro-growth initiatives. Please find
enclosed information about President Bush's initiates, which would
reduce Federal spending, encourage investments to create jobs,
reform our educational system, strengthen the criminal justice
system, revolutionize the health care system, and enhance
international competitiveness.
It will take working together to make reform become reality.
President Bush will keep pushing hard for positive change, and he
appreciates having your views about these important issues.
Sincerely,
SMG
Enclosure: 3/20/92 WH Fact Sheet
PB thru Jobr
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506
2145
March 23, 1992
12 MAN MAR 23 P2: 20
MEMORANDUM FOR PHILLIP D. BRADY
FROM:
WILLIAM SITTMANN
w
SUBJECT:
Press Release on the Open Skies Treaty
The proposed press release (Tab A) announces United States
signature of the Open Skies Treaty on March 24, 1992 in Helsinki.
We recommend it be released the afternoon of March 24, 1992.
Attachments
Tab A
Proposed Press Release
CC: Marlin Fitzwater
Roman Popadiuk
OK for release as appropriate for that,
Thanks
123/23
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
(For Release March 24, 1992)
STATEMENT BY THE PRESS SECRETARY
Today the United States, along with Canada and 22 European
nations, signed the Treaty on Open Skies in Helsinki, Finland.
In May of 1989, at a time when the immense changes seen in Europe
over the past three years were just beginning, President Bush
proposed that the nations of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) and the former Warsaw Pact agree to open
their territories to frequent overflights by observation aircraft
from the other side. The United States believes that the greater
transparency in military activities brought about by such an
agreement will help reduce the chances of military confrontation
and build confidence in the peaceful intentions of the
participating states.
The Open Skies Treaty is the most wide-ranging international
confidence-building regime ever developed, covering the entire
territory of North America and nearly all of Europe and the
former Soviet Union. Its arrangements for observation flights
using photographic, radar, and infrared sensors, and its
provisions for sharing among participants the information
gathered, are innovative means to help promote openness and
stability in Europe in these uncertain times. Open Skies could
also serve as a basis for similar arrangements in other regions
of the world where there is a need to build confidence.
The Treaty establishes an Open Skies Consultative Commission. In
early April it will convene in Vienna, Austria, to complete work
on outstanding technical and cost issues regarding Treaty
implementation. The Treaty will be submitted to the United
States Senate for its advice and consent to ratification once
this work is finished to the satisfaction of all participants.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT
Today marks the ninth anniversary of the beginning of the
Strategic Defense Initiative. The men and women of the SDI
program have accomplished a great deal. They have proven
repeatedly that we can intercept warheads in space. They have
made great advances in smaller, cheaper, more sophisticated
interceptors. In short, they have pushed back the frontiers of
science and engineering.
Moreover, the events of the past several years have proven the
critical importance of missile defenses. Last year in the Gulf
War, our Patriot system defended our troops and allies from
Saddam Hussein's SCUD missiles. Today, the Russians join us in
recognizing the value of missile defenses and have expressed
interest in a global ballistic missile defense system. With the
development of the GPALS missile defense system, the United
States will be able to confront successfully the growing dangers
of instability and missile proliferation.
With the passage of the Missile Defense Act in 1991, the Congress
joined the Administration commitment to fielding ballistic
missile defenses. With continuing support from Congress we can
achieve our goal and remove the threat of limited ballistic
missile strikes for the American people and our friends and
Allies.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 19, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR ANITA BEVACQUA
THROUGH:
Phil Brady
FROM:
Shirley M. Green Dong
SUBJECT:
Writer Vacancy
As you know, I have been expecting to have vacancies in Special
Letter Response for some time. Yesterday Meredith Chen told me =
that she has set her final departure as April 15.
We are currently handling a very heavy volume of mail, and the -
writers are all coming in on weekends to try to keep our
turnaround time manageable. Therefore, I seek your approval to...
fill Meredith's WAE writer position as soon as possible.
Thank you for your consideration.
Crita,
Cs Shiley may have mentioned, the President
has recently memplarized the very high mouly
Le gies to encoung timely response to
correspondence. Weil sent nears out to
the Departments and within the White House
with uspert to the Prenditi concern
and the about is also clearly on important
part of meeting the need
Mony theory, P.O.
Talking Points
PURPOSE OF THE SPEECH
1.
Congress has had 52 days to act on the President's economic
growth program and it failed. The Democratic leadership has
deprived America of economic growth and jobs.
2.
The Democrats have clearly shown they are primarily
interested in raising taxes, which the President will veto.
3.
Now that the tax increase question is settled by veto,
Congress should promptly enact the President's economic
growth program and help put Americans back to work.
4.
The President believes the federal government needs to cut
spending, not raise taxes. Thus he is submitting hundreds
of projects for line item rescission by the Congress. These
rescissions would save billions of dollars.
5.
The President is for a "change" in the way government does
business. The rescission action demonstrates that change.
6.
The President has identified five key ways to change
America:
*
Expand markets for American products.
Prepare our workforce to compete through better
education and training.
Reform health care.
Reform our legal system.
*
No tax increase and cut government spending.
In summary, the themes of this speech are:
A.
The President wants change and the American people want
reform.
B.
Congress failed to act.
C.
The President opposes a tax increase.
D.
The President wants his recovery program passed.
E.
He will do everything possible to cut federal spending
and spur economic growth through Administrative
actions.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 23, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of the Medical Van
Project of the Travelers Aid Society of Rhode Island as the 726th
Daily Point of Light for the Nation. The volunteers offer
quality health care and a sense of well being to homeless,
medically indigent or uninsured residents of Providence.
Since its establishment in 1987, the Medical Van Project has
provided treatment and social service referrals free of charge to
more than 9,000 homeless people, including children and senior
citizens. A rotating team of 105 volunteer doctors and licensed
nurses treats over sixty patients per week, making rounds in
various parts of the city between 6:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. each
night, Monday through Friday. The mobile clinic is usually
located at soup kitchens, homeless and battered women's shelters,
or Salvation Army facilities.
Medical professionals volunteer for weekly, monthly, or bimonthly
rotations. Each evening, the van is staffed by a paid driver and
two volunteers, usually one doctor and one nurse. The driver
records the name, age, and medical condition of each patient,
while the nurse keeps track of the medical history and vital
signs. The patient's history is then reviewed by the doctor, who
conducts a private examination and writes a prescription or
referral. For those patients who require emergency hospital
care, a rescue squad is on call each evening. In addition to
providing referrals for medical treatment, volunteers also direct
clients to the Travelers Aid Society multi-service center which
provides case management, educational programs, G.E.D.
preparation, literacy training, and counseling for alcohol or
substance abuse.
The President salutes the volunteers of the Medical Van Project
of the Travelers Aid Society of Rhode Island for exemplifying his
belief that, "From now in America, any definition of a successful
life must include serving others."
# # #
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 24, 1992
The President today recognized Mary Ellen Heron of Spokane,
Washington, as the 727th Daily Point of Light for the Nation.
Ms. Heron provides emotional and physical support to terminally
ill individuals and their families.
While her husband was dying of cancer, Ms. Heron, now 59,
received emotional support and household assistance from friends
and family. Today, as a volunteer at the Hospice of Spokane, she
offers similar support to those who care for terminally ill
patients. Her personal experience with terminal illness has
enabled her to form close relationships with many hospice
clients, transporting them to appointments, helping with
household tasks, and lending assistance elsewhere as needed.
Ms. Heron enables individuals providing 24-hour care for family
members to take a respite from their daily routines. She
volunteers as a substitute caregiver and often remains close to
families after the death of their loved one.
In 1991, Ms. Heron volunteered over 550 hours with the Hospice of
Spokane and the Spokane AIDS Network. At the Hospice of Spokane,
she has helped a number of patients who have the HIV virus.
Through the Spokane AIDS Network, she has cared for both babies
and adults. Currently, she helps two clients during the day and
on weekends.
Ms. Heron takes her message to the Spokane public by distributing
literature and answering questions at health fairs and hospice
training classes. She also speaks to churches and local groups
on the need to care for HIV patients. She wants everyone to know
that every sick person, whether afflicted with AIDS or cancer,
needs to be shown that someone cares.
The President salutes Mary Ellen Heron for exemplifying his
belief that, "From now on in America, any definition of a
successful life must include serving others.' "
# # #
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 25, 1992
The President today recognized George Milton Bird of Shelby,
Alabama, as the 728th Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Mr.
Bird has dedicated his life to serving his neighbors and
instilling a sense of well-being among members of his community.
A retired postal worker, the twice-widowed Mr. Bird, 84, is a
household name in Shelby County because of the example of
optimism and philanthropy he provides to those around him. Twice
a week he tutors 4th and 5th graders in reading and shares with
them his life experiences. On Tuesday afternoons for the past 31
years, he has visited friends and neighbors at Shelby Medical
Center and Integrated Health Services at Briar Cliff. When asked
what motivates him, he simply answers, "Life is a two way street.
It is giving and taking, and the real happiness is in the
giving."
For 60 years, Mr. Bird's weekly "Good Morning" column has
brightened the lives of readers of the Shelby County Reporter.
He writes about "the little" things in life which people can
overlook in their busy daily routines. As he makes rounds
throughout the community each week, volunteering and gathering
material for his weekly column, Mr. Bird can be found sharing a
bag of candy and homegrown vegetables with homebound neighbors
and those in need. Area residents describe him as a beacon of
hope and an emissary of goodwill.
The President salutes George Bird for exemplifying his belief
that, "From now on in America, any definition of a successful
life must include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 26, 1992
The President today recognized Keith Sackett of Towanda,
Pennsylvania, as the 729th Daily Point of Light for the Nation.
Mr. Sackett, 46, offers support, direction, and a sense of well-
being to his fellow veterans.
Since 1979, Mr. Sackett, who served in Vietnam, has led
discussion sessions for veterans, offered them information and
advice about employment, and provided assistance to their
families. He helps many veterans secure jobs as machinists,
mechanics, and welders, and encourages those who are substance
abusers to enter detoxification programs which are sponsored by
the area Veterans Administration Medical Center or other local
organizations. Over the years, he has seen thirty-eight veterans
successfully complete these programs, supporting them through
visits and regular phone calls.
Working with the Elks Club, Mr. Sackett has started a crafts
program for veterans, designed to relieve stress and offer a
constructive outlet. On Mondays from 10 a.m to 2 p.m.,
participants learn crafts and hobbies from visiting instructors.
Mr. Sackett's ability to motivate veterans comes from his own
personal knowledge and experiences. Mr. Sackett, who has been
disabled since 1980, continues to volunteer nearly 40 hours per
week.
Mr. Sackett also works with young people. He delivers anti-drug
messages to high school students, recounting his experiences in
Vietnam. His speech is usually followed by group discussion and
exchange, through which he has befriended and mentored a number
of at-risk youth. He recruits young people to maintain the
Veterans Memorial Park, instilling in them a sense of pride in
their accomplishments.
The President salutes Keith Sackett for exemplifying has belief
that, "From now on in America, any definition of a successful
life must include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
March 27, 1992
The President today recognized the volunteers of the Science &
Math Achiever Teams (SMArTeams) of New Haven, Connecticut, as the
730th Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Through this program,
student volunteers from Yale University foster lifelong learning
and an enduring interest in science and math among New Haven
middle school students.
In the fall of 1990, Mr. John Lockwood of Rockford, Illinois,
helped his daughter, Rowan, and another Yale student, Marian
Harris, establish SMArTteams. The organization recruits Yale
students to serve as mentors and "big siblings" to students from
the Troup Middle School. Twenty-five college mentors currently
help thirty middle school students design and execute science and
math research projects.
At the beginning of each semester, a mentor works with each young
person to determine his or her particular interests. Together,
they then design and work on a project in biology, chemistry,
physics, or archaeology. The volunteers meet with the school
children once a week to assist and encourage them in completing
projects, which have included the reconstruction of an animal
skeleton, a chemical experiment, and archeological research.
The one-to-one relationships created through SMArTeams have
stimulated the academic performance and ambition of the
participating children. Each semester the volunteers sponsor
field trips that complement the youngsters' projects. Last
semester, they visited San Raphael Hospital and learned something
about the rigors and rewards of being a doctor. Parents are
invited to attend open houses and science fairs and are regularly
informed of their children's progress.
Due to the popularity of the SMArTeams at Troup Middle School,
other New Haven high schools have expressed interest in the
program, as have several universities.
The President salutes the volunteers of SMArTeams for
exemplifying his belief that, "From now on in America, any
definition of a successful life must include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE
March 27, 1992
UNTIL MARCH 28, 1992
The President today recognized Tom Cooper of Albuquerque, New
Mexico, as the 731st Daily Point of Light for the Nation. Mr.
Cooper has made a difference in the lives of many young people,
instilling in them values and hope for the future.
Mr. Cooper, 57, has been an employee of the Albuquerque School
District for 23 years and currently works as a liaison between
the school district and the court system. His extensive
experience with youth earned his appointment as Ombudsman of the
Bernalillo County Juvenile Detention Center, where he has helped
improve morale and communication between residents and staff.
The volunteer position of Ombudsman requires Mr. Cooper to act as
an advocate for the youth. Since his arrival, the center has
noted a 67% decrease in violent incidents among the residents.
He visits the center in the early mornings before work, after
work, and on weekends. During his rounds, he reviews the latest
admissions and incident reports and meets with juveniles who have
been having problems or have an upcoming court date.
Because of his long-standing relationship with the court system,
Mr. Cooper has helped obtain placements and sentences for the
youth which are tailored to their individual circumstances.
Despite receiving no monetary compensation for his efforts, he- is
always on call and often goes to the center in the middle of the
night to address the needs of residents. He has voluntarily
visited the center on more than 800 consecutive days, including
weekends and holidays.
Mr. Cooper is an inspiration to these troubled young people and
has helped many turn their lives around and avoid future brushes
with the law.
The President salutes Tom Cooper for exemplifying his belief
that, "From now on in America, any definition of a successful
life must include serving others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Miah Homstad
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
3/23
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3/20/92 STAFFINGS FOR 4:00PM ADDRESS
ITEM
TO ss
CMT DUE
CMTS TO
Legislative
3/19 5:55pm
3/20 10:00am
Porter
Initiatives
Fact Sheet
Executive
3/20 8:46am
3/20 noon
Porter
Initiatives
Fact Sheet
Rescissions
3/20 8:20am
3/20 noon
PBrady
Fact Sheet
Beck Rescission 3/20 10:22am
3/20 noon
Counsel
Fact Sheet
Speech
3/20 10:21am
3/20 noon
Fitzwater
Highlights
Veto Message
3/20 8:59am
3/20 noon
PBrady
Executive Order 3/19 4:57pm
3/20 10:00am
PBrady
re Cong.
Contacts
Prest'l Remarks 3/19 8:00pm
3/20 10:00am
Grady
re Veto
Rescissions
3/20 8:20am
3/20 noon
PBrady
(Counsel)
H.J. Res. 446
3/19 10:33pm
3/20 10:00am
PBrady
Waiving Certain
Enrollment
Requirements
Document No. 316 496
SENSITIVE WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORAN
CLOSE
UM
HOLD
DATE:
03/19/92
ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: 10:00 a.m. Friday
03/20
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ANNOUNCING VETO MESSAGE OF TAX BILL, 03/20
Phil why Checked not N. 3/20
ACTION FYI
ACTION FYI
VICE PRESIDENT
HORNER
SKINNER
MCBRIDE
&
SCOWCROFT
MOORE
DARMAN
PETERSMEYER
BRADY
PORTER
BROMLEY
ROGICH
CALIO
ROLLINS
DEMAREST
SMITH
YEUTTER
FITZWATER
GRAY
GRADY
HOLIDAY
BOSKIN
FINDLAY
REMARKS:
Please provide any comments directly to Bob Grady, Rm. 260, x4844
no later than 10:00 a Friday, 03/20, with a copy to this office.
Thanks.
RESPONSE:
To Phil Brody
CLOSE HOLD
SENSITIVE
DX
PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President
and Staff Secretary
Ext. 2702
J
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
March 20, 1992
MEMORANDUM FOR MARLIN FITZWATER
THRU:
PHIL BRADY
SHIRLEY GREEN inn 1mg
FROM:
SUBJECT:
NOWRUZ, 1992, THE IRANIAN NEW YEAR
Attached are copies of the President's message for Nowruz, 1992,
which you may want to release to the media.
Thank you.
CC: Ron Geisler
Michael Sullivan
2120
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
March 20, 1992
32 MAR 20 P12: 58
MEMORANDUM FOR PHILLIP BRADY
FROM:
WILLIAM F. SITTMANN
W
SUBJECT:
Proposed Press Release
The attached Press Release on Creation of U.S. -Russian POW/MIA
Commission has been approved for immediate release by Admiral
Howe.
Attachment
Tab A
Proposed Press Release
CC: Marlin Fitzwater
Roman Popadiuk
OK for release.
Thanks
J. 3/20
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
White House Press Announcement on Creation
of U.S.-Russian POW/MIA Commission
The United States and Russia have established a joint commission
to investigate unresolved cases of Prisoners of War and Missing
in Action dating from the Second World War, including the Korean
and Vietnam conflicts. The creation of this commission
underscores the commitment of both the United States and Russia
to work together in a spirit of friendship to uncover the fate of
missing servicemen on both sides. This effort symbolizes the
determination of the Administration to resolve outstanding issues
from the Cold War period and is another step in developing our
new cooperative relationship with Russia.
Former Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Malcolm Toon, has been
designated the President's representative and Chairman of the
U.S. delegation to this commission. The commission also will
include Senators John Kerry and Robert Smith and Congressmen Pete
Peterson and John Miller. The Russian delegation will be chaired
by General Dmitri Volkogonov, a senior advisor to President
Yeltsin. The first meeting of the joint commission will be held
March 26-28 in Moscow.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 03/21/92
TO:
GENERAL SCOWCROFT
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
(The attached was not
included in the Senior
Staff's copy of the
Cabinet Report.)
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
DATE: 03/21/92
TO:
SAMUEL K. SKINNER
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
The attached has been forwarded
to the President
(The attached was not
included in the Senior
Staff's copy of the
Cabinet Report.)
Dear mr. hesident:
Thank you so much for your
very gracious letter inviting me and
Rod to spend a day or two at
Camp David. Whither or not we
are able to arrange our time
to accept your splendid
invitation, I wanted you to know
how very much me appreciate
your thoright fress.
Smirily,
Carla
3-15-92
I
#315827
Elliday
THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
WASHINGTON
March 17, 1992
The President
The White House
Washington, D. C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
This afternoon, I had a press conference
to discuss my status as one of the 355 House
members who had problems with the Sergeant at
Arms Bank.
I discussed this with Boyden Gray before
proceeding and have attached a copy of the
statement that I made.
I sincerely apologize for any embarrass-
ment that this may bring to you.
Respectfully,
GE
Edward Madigan
Statement
News Division, Office of Public Affairs, Room 404-A, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250
STATEMENT OF EDWARD MADIGAN, SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE
March 17, 1992
None of my bank statements show an overdraft or a negative balance.
Because the statements are no longer considered to be reliable, I have
reconstructed my account using the deposit slips and the cancelled checks.
During the 31-month period, 49 checks were held for payment for an average
of 2 business days.
During the 31-month period, I made 114 deposits to the House Bank. Here
is a breakdown:
--Only 39 were recorded on the day they were made.
--51 were recorded on the next business day.
--15 were recorded after 2 business days.
--6 were recorded after 3 business days.
--1 was recorded after 7 business days.
--1 was recorded after 8 business days.
--1 was recorded after 10 business days.
The largest check was for $8,618.84 and was written after banking hours on
January 23, 1989, for a real estate settlement in the Washington area. I
transferred $9,000 from savings to my checking account on January 24, the same
day the check was presented for payment. The check was held until January 25,
when the deposit was recorded.
I had more than enough money in checking and savings accounts in four
institutions that could have been deposited in the Sergeant-at-Arms account if
I had known that checks were being held.
My account was closed in April, 1991, with a balance of $1,970.28. More
attention should have been paid to the workings of this account. Clearly, this
is an embarrassment to me, my family and friends.
0265-92
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
08. Memo
Edward J. Derwinski to the President
3/18/92
P/S
Re: Greek-American Views (1 pp.)
Open on
Expiration of PRA
(Document Follows)
By
(NLGB) on 6/7/05
Collection:
Bush Presidential Records
Office of the Chief of Staff
Phillip D. Brady Files
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Chief of Staff to the President, Office of the
Series:
Brady, Philip D.
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Chron File 3/92 [1]
Date Closed:
2/21/2001
OA/ID Number:
05483-006
FOIA/SYS Case #:
1999-0735-F
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2005-0331-S
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
TETERANS
THE SECRETARY OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
AMERICA
WASHINGTON
R
March 18, 1992
MEMORANDUM TO: The President
Ed
FROM:
Edward J. Derwinsk
SUBJECT:
Greek-American Views
I learned the following in recent discussions with leaders
of the Greek-American community which may be of interest to you:
1. Cyprus -- There is continued concern regarding Cyprus,
especially whether Turkish President Demirel's meeting with you
will lead to positive Turkish cooperation with the UN
initiative on Cyprus.
2. President Vassiliou -- Cypriot President Vasilleou, who
faces a tough election soon, will be in the US from March 26 to
April 1. I strongly recommend that you receive him, at least
for a brief courtesy call, to show our support for his
efforts. Among his opponents is former President Kyprianou,
whose election many believe would further degrade the
possibility of an agreement on Cyprus.
3. Macedonia -- The Greek-American community is being
stirred up to oppose any recognition of independence by the
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia unless the Slavs change their
name to something less Hellenic than "Macedonia". Greek
Foreign Minister Samaras has been particularly aggressive in
alerting the Greek-American community to the "threat" of a
"Greater Macedonia", that is, an independent Slavic Macedonian
Republic having territorial ambitions in Northern Greece.
4. Paul Tsongas -- Greek-Americans are far less
enthusiastic over Paul Tsongas than they were four years ago
over the possibility of a Dukakis presidency. Conventional
wisdom in the community is that Tsongas will continue to fail.
Consequently, pro-Bush forces among Greek-Americans are
extremely energetic and positive.
5. Andrew Athens -- Andy Athens, a leading layman in the
Greek Orthodox Church, will be the chairman for the
Greek-American Bush-Quayle Campaign. Your March 25 meeting
with members of the community, to be led by Archbishop Iakovos,
might be a good time for you to acknowledge Athens in his
campaign role.
ORPARTMENT US o, MOUSING
*
*
DEVELOPMENT
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
THE SECRETARY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20410-0001
March 19, 1992
President George Bush
The White House
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Mr. President:
I'm pleased to send you copies of two speeches delivered
this past week at Harvard University.
The first speech by Ted Forstmann of Forstmann Little, a
world class entrepreneur, outlines the compelling need to create
incentives for entrepreneurs, risk-takers, and innovators. The
second speech represents my efforts to apply your message of
economic growth, job creation, and property ownership to the
great challenge of fighting poverty and despair in America's
inner cities.
As you know, I profoundly share your belief that these
issues are vitally important to our Administration, our Party,
and our Nation. I hope you can find the opportunity to read both
as all of us in your Administration seek better ways to explain
our case for entrepreneurial capitalism, growth, and expanding
equity in the American Dream.
Respectfully,
Jack Kemp
P.S. While our Cabent meeting, this D.M.,
was helfsfel t hopeful, we are missing the opportunity
of a lifetime, if are lit mere static budget projections
force us into a compromise on our issues of mecro-
Srowth & injecting smith & jibs into our inner citris
Blache can of will bote for beoye Bush if we give equal them opportune hope &
REMARKS BY
SECRETARY JACK KEMP
ANDURBAN DEPARTMENT AND U.S. URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING OF
at the
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
JOHN F. KENNEDY SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
MARCH 18, 1992
Thank you very much, Al Carnesale, for that very kind introduction and thanks
for that warm welcome to Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government.
It's an honor to return once again to this world-famous forum. And it's a
pleasure to return to a state whose Governor says he's a "supply-sider." Bill Weld is
turning conventional wisdom on its head. He's responding to Massachusetts' fiscal crisis
not by raising taxes but by cutting them; not by redistributing wealth, but by
encouraging the creation of new wealth. He wants to turn this entire state into a "free
enterprise zone" by phasing out the capital gains tax and helping Iow-income men and
women recapture the American Dream of jobs, homes, equal opportunity,
entrepreneurship, and ownership. And thanks to Joe Malone and his new program for
homeownership, Massachusetts is on the move.
In other states, governors are dealing with fiscal crises of their own creation with
policies that punish poor people. In New Jersey, the Governor is proposing to deny very
low-income welfare mothers additional benefits to support newborn children. What a
different vision of how to help low-income Americans. Instead of jobs, education,
opportunity, and incentives, some on the Left and on the Far Right are advocating --
albeit unwittingly -- 18th Century Social Darwinism "survival of the fittest."
When I last spoke here, I explained the Bush Administration's ideas for fighting
poverty. Since then, we've extracted from Congress some modest funding to begin a
radical redirection of American welfare policy. In the meantime, all across America, a
new debate has emerged over welfare policy -- but the debate is not between Republicans
and Democrats, or between the President and Congress.
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It wasn't just conservatives who rescued funding for President Bush's HOPE
initiative to help low-income people become homeowners -- it never could have happened
without Representative Mike Espy, a black, liberal Democratic Congressman from the
Mississippi Delta. He said he learned from his mother that whoever controls your home
controls your very life.
The Bush Administration's favored Enterprise Zone bill in the House wasn't
authored by a conservative Republican, but by liberal Congressman Charlie Rangel of
Harlem, New York.
Today, the fault line and fundamental choice is not between Republican and
Democratic proposals but between the old bureaucratic, statist, and elitist welfare model
of spending and consumption and the new entrepreneurial and incentive-based model of
economic empowerment and access to private property ownership. It's not Left or Right,
it's forward or backward.
I want to help define that choice here tonight.
For years, liberals complained that we spent too much on guns and not enough
on butter. Soon we'll be spending about the same relative amount on each. But many
Americans are beginning to notice a strange paradox.
On the one hand, President Bush has told the American people that by 1996 --
with about three and a half percent of GNP - the Pentagon will be able to adequately
defend America's far-flung interests from the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Mexico.
Thanks to President Bush, Dick Cheney, and Colin Powell, we'll be able to keep Gaddafi
in his cage, keep Saddam away from the oil fields and Israel, keep Kim Il Sung above
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the 38th parallel, and then some.
On the other hand, today - with about the same share of our national wealth --
we can't keep joblessness and despair, or even gunfire, off our streets. We can make the
Third World safe for democracy, but we can't keep Third World conditions from showing
up in East Harlem or East L.A.
The reason? Well, spending more money is not the solution. Indeed, the way we
spend money is the core of the problem.
Since 1965, we've spent more than $2.5 trillion -- an amount almost equal to our
entire national debt - fighting poverty. Yet there are more people living in poverty now
than before, a poverty that is more intractable and durable.
One thing is clear: We haven't failed for lack of trying. We tried UDAG, CETA,
and Model Cities Urban Renewal, Community Action Agencies, and other Great
Society programs. Yet even as new programs were enacted in the late 1960s and early
1970s, the long decline in poverty rates since World War II ended, and was replaced by a
more resistent strain of poverty and despair. Instead of a middle class renaissance, we
discovered an underclass stuck in poverty. Instead of a welfare system providing
temporary assistance, we found perpetual dependence.
The poverty rate began to exhibit a chilling independence from the ebb and flow
of the American economy. The economy boomed, and poverty stayed the same. The
economy stagnated, and poverty stayed the same.
The tragic fact is this: Today, America has two economies. One is the
mainstream economy, which is entrepreneurial-based and democratic capitalist, driven
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by incentives for productive work, saving, investment, risk-taking, education, and
ownership. A child born into this economy knows that if he or she goes to school, does
homework, and follows the rules, he or she can go to college, get a job, start a family, or
pursue the vast, boundless universe of American opportunity and upward mobility.
Then there is the second economy which all too often exists in American inner
cities. It resembles the "socialist" economies of the Third World and Eastern Europe
more than the capitalist economies of the West. In East Harlem, New York, one of
America's most notorious ghettos, more than 60 percent of the land is owned by the
government. Nearly two-thirds of the community lives in public housing, and, as a
consequence, almost a third of the people are dependent upon government support.
In the second economy, all the usual incentives are reversed. For welfare mothers
and unemployed fathers, work doesn't pay and saving is prohibited. In many states, an
AFDC recipient who manages to save for a child's college education or a new home risks
ending up in jail. In this upside-down world of perverse incentives, welfare recipients
aren't allowed to save more than $1,000, on penalty of criminal prosecution.
Last time I was here I think I told the story of Grace Capetillo. She's the young
chicano welfare mother in Milwaukee who managed to scrounge together a $3,000 nest
egg for her daughter's college education, before welfare bureaucrats took her to court. A
judge initially fined her $15,000, but relented and settled for the whole $3,000. Grace
Capetillo got the message: Don't save a penny, spend every cent you get.
When President Bush and our Administration first tried to expand
homeownership opportunities for the poor, letting residents of public housing own their
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own homes, the old-line welfare establishment couldn't believe it. Our critics said the
poor didn't want to own private property. One member of Congress even protested that
if we let public housing residents own their own homes they might turn around and sell
them for a profit or worse yet, they might someday leave their homes to their
children! Can you imagine how dangerous it would be if poor people actually made a
profit selling their homes? Imagine wanting to leave a home to your children. In the
first economy, sure. But in the second economy, never!
The first war on poverty failed because its architects forgot the power of
incentives, rewards, and values. They forgot the nature and causes of the wealth of
nations -- taught to us by Adam Smith -- and the wealth of families. People don't spend
their way out of poverty. They escape poverty by working, saving, acquiring property,
owning a home, starting a business. That's the classic formula for achieving the
American Dream, or, as President Bush called it at the U.N. -- Pax Universalis.
It is also the common-sense principle behind Abraham Lincoln's Homestead Act
of 1862, the most successful anti-poverty measure in American history. Lincoln gave
government land to any family which pledged to settle the land and make a home. A
year later, tens of thousands of homesteaders had claimed a million-and-a-half acres of
land. They came from as far away as Europe to stake their claim. People everywhere
want the chance to own something, contribute their labor to it, and make it a foundation
on which to build a better life. Policies which defy this timeless wisdom are bound to
fail.
It's time we Americans returned to our first principles. It's time we remembered
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the secrets of our own success.
Some people on the Left and on the Far Right think the poor won't respond to
incentives and rewards. Nonsense! They say that the poor don't share our values, that
they are mired in a "culture of poverty." I say: It's the welfare bureaucracy whose
culture needs to change. To use its own jargon, I say: The real thing that's
"dysfunctional" is a welfare policy which sets its sights too low, demeans the poor, and
robs America of a vast potential resource.
When the Iron Curtain came down in Eastern Europe, the skeptics said people
raised with a "cradle-to-grave" socialist mentality would never embrace free enterprise,
private property, and equality of opportunity.
But the opposite has happened. From Berlin to Belarus, they are seizing the
chance to own property, start new businesses, and risk capital in pursuit of capital gains.
The leader of Czechoslovakia's privatization program -- Dusan Triska -- said recently:
"Two months ago, people didn't know or care what it meant to be a shareholder. Now
all everyone talks about is investment, shares, and capital gains."
George Mitchell and the liberal Democratic leadership of Congress don't know
what to make of that. After all, everyone knows the people of Czechoslovakia aren't rich.
They don't own blue chip stocks and bonds. They don't have brokers in Zurich or
bankers on Wall Street. Until recently, they couldn't even own private property. Yet
today they're discovering the power of investment, entrepreneurship, wealth creation, and
capital gains -- the foundations of entrepreneurial capitalism.
There's no place in the old liberal worldview for poor people talking about capital
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gains. I still can't get over how confused the editors of the liberal St. Louis Post-
Dispatch were when President Bush visited a public housing community in St. Louis last
year. When the President called for a capital gains tax cut in his speech, the residents
cheered. In their editorial the next day, the editors just couldn't fathom it. But the real
surprise would have come if those low-income residents hadn't cheered for removing the
barriers to their opportunity to get a piece of the American Dream.
You see, the President wants to cut the capital gains tax to about 15% and
eliminate it in the inner city not to help the rich, but to help the poor get rich; not to
help the wealthy, but to create new wealth and new capital formation.
I've met with thousands of low-income people and public housing residents all
across America. And let me tell you, I have never met a single one who said, "Mr.
Kemp, I don't believe in the American Dream. Or, I just want to be a ward of the State,
and I want the same thing for my children and my children's children."
It sounds silly, I know. And yet the liberal welfare establishment treats the poor
as though that is exactly how poor people think. It is this elitist attitude towards the
poor that is hurting the poor and impoverishing America's inner cities.
Low-income Americans are not afraid to throw in their lot with the rest of us and
try their hand at competing in the mainstream economy. To a remarkable extent, they
still believe that this is a land of opportunity. They have not lost faith in the American
Dream, they are being denied access to the American Dream.
And the truth is, America is still the closest thing to a classless society the world
has ever known. A few weeks back the New York Times ran a story about how the "top
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1%" of Americans got most of the new wealth between 1977 and 1989. What the New
York Times neglects to tell us is that the composition of that top 1% bracket is
constantly changing.
According to IRS data, between 1985 and 1986, 40% of those in the top 1% fell
into a lower income bracket. Over the same period, Census Bureau data show that fully
one-third of all Americans moved from one income quintile to another. And income
mobility was generally higher during the 1980s than the 1970s, reflecting the new
dynamism of the American economy after we cut capital gains taxes in 1978 and 1981.
When capital gains taxes are high, wealth becomes locked up as people refrain from
investing or risking their wealth. America's class structure becomes more fixed. But
when capital gains taxes are low, as they were during the Reagan-Bush recovery, assets
are unlocked, income mobility increases, and wealth expands.
But the poorest Americans are still locked out of wealth and opportunity by
government-imposed barriers to opportunity. The time has come to lift those barriers.
The time has come to empower people, not bureaucracies; to combat poverty, not
perpetuate it; and to build a ladder of opportunity, not fill up the safety net. We must
discard the old top-down model of government paternalism and rechannel the power of
government toward clearing away the mistakes of a welfare policy that perpetuates
poverty and dependency.
Some people -- some partisans -- claim the Bush Administration is using welfare
reform as a cover for beating up on the poor, or worse, as Governor Cuomo charged, as
an excuse for pandering to racists. But we're not attacking the poor, we're attacking the
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system which has so misserved them. And incidentally, I don't think class warfare
makes good politics, whether it scapegoats the rich or the poor. The American people
don't want blame, they want answers.
In his fiscal 1993 budget, President Bush is seeking $1 billion to help public
housing residents become homeowners, through his radical HOPE initiative --
Homeownership and Opportunity for People Everywhere. Once again, the President is
also asking Congress to authorize 50 Federal Enterprise Zones, in which the capital
gains tax would be eliminated to help give low-income entrepreneurs access to capital.
The President's budget would further permit AFDC recipients to save up to
$10,000, and it would strengthen incentives for long-term AFDC recipients to find
employment. Existing rules generally reduce benefits for recipients who join the work
force. The Administration proposal would set aside in an escrow account the amount by
which a family's benefits are reduced, then pay it out in a lump sum if the family
succeeds in working its way off welfare.
Whenever possible, we in the Bush Administration are striving to place real
economic power in the hands of individuals, not bureaucracies. Philosophically
speaking, for a society which believes -- as Thomas Jefferson did -- that all men and
women are created equal, there is no other way. Pragmatically speaking, we've already
tried the alternative, and it doesn't work.
In his first inaugural address, Jefferson condemned those nations which "feel
power and forget right." Half a century later, Abraham Lincoln expressed a more
modern concern. In a speech at Peoria, Illinois, he called slavery "a sad evidence that,
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feeling prosperity we forget right."
We are by far the wealthiest nation the world has ever known. But feeling
prosperity, we must not forget right. We must not forget the moral obligation -- of
which Lincoln often reminded us - to welcome all Americans of every background and
color into what he called "the race of life."
It is not just a moral issue. Our inner cities are overflowing with human capital,
an untapped reservoir of human creativity. Bringing millions of low-income Americans
back into the mainstream economy will create new wealth for all Americans -- rich and
poor, black and white. With the right policies and the right incentives, the 34 million
Americans living in poverty will become not a hindrance -- not a drain -- but a source of
vast promise and unimagined potential. America can once again be the "city on a hill" --
an example to the "new world" waiting to be created, shaped, and inspired.
Thank you very much, and God Bless America and the cause of freedom.
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THEODORE J. FORSTMANN
Senior Partner
Forstmann Little & Co.
THE AMERICAN POTENTIAL
Restructuring and Renewal of the U.S. Economy
for the
HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL
Monday, March 16, 1992
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I hope you don't expect to hear anything terribly conventional, because that's really
not my style. In fact, the semi-serious joke around Forstmann Little has always been that
the main reason I needed to start my own firm was because I was so thoroughly
unemployable. Actually, I believe that conventional wisdom is almost always wrong.
Sometimes it's the best we have for many ordinary purposes, but it can be kind of
dangerous because often it's engaged in fighting the last war.
Therefore, those people who would be our leaders cannot confine themselves to
conventional thought. If they don't think and act on the margin, where all change takes
place, they don't add to the life of the nation. They should be seeing every day as a new
frontier, where life is a risky business, but the key is to know when risk is only perceptual
and when it is real.
For a minute or two, permit me to elaborate on the experiences of my firm,
Forstmann Little & Co., from 1978 until the present, as an example of the difference
between real and perceptual risk; and to put into context the body of this speech -- which
will deal with the great possibilities which I believe are on the horizon, on the frontier.
In our first years, the late 1970s and early 1980s, the climate for business was
chaotic. Inflation and interest rates were in double digits for the first time in the nation's
history, the dollar was gyrating wildly, the price of gold was inching toward $1,000 an
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ounce, and many intelligent people worried that the financial system was headed for a
complete breakdown. The wild shifts in monetary policy of the late 1970s and early 1980s,
the legacy of the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system, presented such risks to business
that the value of traded equity in the American markets had fallen to very low levels.
While inflationary growth was possible, real growth was almost nonexistent. There was a
very high level of management entrenchment and shareholder disenfranchisement.
Change had occurred so rapidly that conventional wisdom was obsolete and useless,
baffled by events and accepting the status quo. Acquisitions were few and far between. A
leveraged balance sheet using a capital structure adapted to these changes was unheard of.
Productivity stalled, as there was almost no capital available to propel change.
On the frontier at this point, a few financial innovators like Forstmann Little
appeared, realizing that because of the years of inflation, many companies could be bought
for a fraction of the replacement cost of their assets. During the first half of the 1980s,
well-designed leveraged acquisitions increased efficiency and productivity and helped
companies grow, as management became significant owners of their own enterprises.
The tax system favored debt over equity, making it possible to purchase undervalued
assets with relatively inexpensive credit. As the monetary and tax environment improved
through the mid-1980s, the value of our equity rose and we were able to achieve rates of
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return hitherto thought impossible. It turned out that investing in a Forstmann Little
leveraged buyout was far less risky and far more rewarding than buying shares of General
Motors, Citibank or IBM. By the second half of the 1980s, however, the imitators had
arrived. Conventional wisdom had made a 180-degree turn, decreeing that credit would
expand exponentially without limit and debt had gone from essentially evil to virtually
utopian. At this point, scholarly studies appeared, claiming that managements would
perform better under a heavy debt load than otherwise. This was a far cry from our
original insight, the idea that managements would perform much more effectively as paid
up owners of their businesses irrespective of debt levels, and that effort was elastic with
respect to reward.
Our continued success in the second half of the decade lay again in rejecting
conventional wisdom. As I warned in the late 1980s of the building excesses and their
inevitable results, while almost everyone else was buying, we were selling, for incredibly
high prices, much of what we had bought earlier. We did not make significant acquisitions
until 1990 and 1991, when we bought Gulfstream Aerospace and General Instruments
Corp., respectively; a time in which all the imitators had been forced from the scene as
their sources for junk financing disappeared.
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Currently, conventional thinkers are pretty depressed. We hear a great deal from
those who are seeking to lead us about soaring deficits, temporary middle class tax breaks,
the inevitability of Japanese and German economic might and the worry that we may
become a second class economic entity. It seems that each of our aspiring leaders has a
different colored bandaid to apply to our country's broken leg.
Today I would like to turn your attention away from this conventional banality and
direct it to the possibilities I see before us and the steps that need to be taken to implement
our country's ability to take advantage of these opportunities.
We will soon conclude one of the most turbulent centuries in human experience.
Essentially, the 20th century can be seen as the age of failed experiments in socialism --
including its fascist, communist and welfare-statist variants -- in contrast to the 19th
century, the age of no-holds-barred entrepreneurial capitalism. As a result of the fall of
Soviet communism, the political revolution throughout Eastern Europe and the economic
transformation of China, we Americans must rid ourselves of obsolete policies that have
built up like so many barnacles during our contest with the socialist experiment, what we
have most recently called the Cold War.
As the grip of socialism loosens across the planet, we are seeing some of the world's
most backward regions turn into the most dynamic. Mexico, which most considered a
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hopeless cause until very recently, has become the fastest-growing economy in this
hemisphere. The southern coast of China has become a gigantic enterprise zone, growing
so fast that private industry will produce half of China's national product this year. India,
with its population of a billion, is opening its economy to the world. No one can predict
where Russia's path will lead, but it is wise to remember that Russia was the fastest-
growing economy in the world during the two decades before World War I.
In fact, the fall of socialism will set loose entrepreneurial energies that will produce
bursts of productivity in places not now predictable. The past few years have produced a
change in the way of life for the better for millions of people which they will not easily
abandon. The concern we hear expressed about competition from Europe or Japan is really
about ten years behind the curve. These are mature economies, known quantities, with
problems of their own. It is the chance to take advantage of entrepreneurial capitalism and
liberal democracy as they spread around the globe that will present the important
opportunities and those who grasp them will produce results that will amaze conventional
thinkers.
With this truly splendid view spread before us, why do things feel SO bad here in the
United States? Never before in our history, perhaps, have we felt a greater disparity
between our unchallenged domination of the world political stage and our uneasiness about
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our national economic life. Since 1989 we have endured a cumulative rate of growth of
zero and a recession that has been the longest, if not the deepest, since World War II.
Needless to say, our position in world affairs will be very dependent upon how we deal
with our current domestic economic ills, and I would like to suggest that, while many of the
pieces for a robust and growing economy and a just and fair society are in place, some of
these pieces need to be rearranged. The fundamental context of economic life has to be
restructured. In essence, we need an operation on the broken leg, not a bandaid.
Political philosophers from Aristotle to de Tocqueville have doubted the staying
power of democracy, arguing that it must lead to the looting of wealth by the mob.
American democracy has survived longer than any form of government in the world
primarily because American capitalism has historically provided more opportunities to
ordinary people than any other economic system.
But for most of the time since World War II ended, we have drifted further and
further from our basic principles. Now America needs economic policies once again that
maximize opportunities and therefore draw upon the best in each individual. By denying
opportunity, the fair chance to get ahead, we deny people's talent, and by so doing we deny
their human worth. Napoleon's quip that every one of his privates carried a marshal's
baton in his knapsack applies to Americans like no other people on earth.
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Economic policy should give individuals the maximum opportunity to do something
new and creative. That is the source of economic welfare. The growth of an economy
depends on individual's efforts to rise above their circumstances. It absolutely does not
depend upon the routine functioning of mature companies. If we value the potential of the
individual, then we must make economic policy accordingly. If we frustrate this potential,
we can hardly expect our social institutions to bear the pressure of this frustration. Most
Americans working for wages dream of working for themselves. Those who succeed will
do so by adding value to our economy to the general benefit. That is what risk-taking is all
about, and as I mentioned previously, risk is in the eye of the beholder: you will learn that
the world will view as risky some things which appear to be the simplest and most natural
transactions in the world to the nonconventional thinker.
But while the task of business is to take risks, the job of government is to be
predictable. Government policy must keep the hindrances to enterprise at a minimum
and, therefore, the tax penalties for the rewards of risk-taking must be as low as possible.
We have lived through two decades of abrupt shifts in monetary policy, arbitrary changes
in regulation, and flip-flops in tax policy and none of this has been beneficial to the
economic growth or social stability of our society.
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As an example, nothing is more disturbing about the present economic environment
than the decline of small businesses. You should be aware that small business are
responsible for most of the new jobs created in our country - 20 million during the first
half of the 1980s while the Fortune 500, in their understandable desire to be efficient,
are net job losers. In each successive year since 1986, five years in a row, fewer new
businesses have been incorporated in the United States. In all the economic ups and downs
this country has had since World War II, nothing like this ever happened before. It is an
ominous statistic with predictable results, and because of it, it is no surprise that this
recession has lingered far beyond conventional predictions.
All economic activity, obviously including the startup of new businesses, requires
both labor and capital. The way to increase the rate of return to labor at the margin is to
invest relatively more capital. When capital is relatively abundant, labor is relatively
scarce and the return to labor must rise. Today, capital is very scarce. Why?
The value of any capital instrument is determined by expected future earnings,
discounted for risk. The biggest risk and depressant upon the rate of capital formation
today is the risk of confiscation by the government. I will give you a somewhat extreme
example: a couple purchased a representative stock portfolio worth $10,000 in June 1971,
just before the collapse of the Bretton Woods monetary system gave a generation of
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inflation. Upon retirement in 1990, the stocks sell for over $37,000. After inflation,
though, the real value of the stocks remains unchanged: the capital value of the stocks
buys the same amount of goods in 1990 as in 1971. The couple is liable for tax of more
than $10,000 on an illusory gain due entirely to inflation. This is clearly and obviously a
tax on capital, not on capital gains. No other industrial country in the world confiscates the
retirement savings of ordinary people in such capricious fashion.
The same calculations figure into the cost of raising capital for any venture, whether
it is a taxi medallion in New York City, a significant entry point into capitalism for
generations of immigrants, all the way to venture capital for high-tech investments in
Silicon Valley. Indeed, there are tens of thousands of research scientists and engineers
punching the clock at big corporations, putting in their eight hours, waiting for their
pensions, and griping about how their superiors fail to understand the commercial potential
of their inventions. Remove the tax penalty on capital formation, and, believe me, capital
will search them out. Instead of putting in eight hours a day for wages, they will put in
fifteen hours a day for the chance to realize their aspirations.
In fact, we should have an economy where businesses no longer have to build their
capital structure upon the shifting sands of inflation expectations, capital formation is not
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taxed at all, and legions of tax accountants, lobbyists and lawyers can be released into the
world to lead productive lives.
What combination of policies would create such an economic environment and most
effectively would provide for American enterprise and well-being? The answer is that the
spirit of enterprise inherent in most Americans, which is the foundation on which economic
growth depends, will flourish in an economic environment in which there is radical tax
simplification and certain and consistent monetary policy.
Our tax system, monster that it is, was born of the needs of war.
Until World War I, no country in the world envisioned marginal tax rates of 50% or
even 30%, let alone the application of these rates to working-class incomes. Once in place,
the oppressive tax regime of wartime was never dislodged; instead, large numbers of
people saw money to be made by becoming appendages of this monstrosity. Various
political interests kept adding to the Code to create penalties for certain kinds of behavior
and incentives for others. Various economic interests sought and won exceptions. The
process created hundreds of thousands of lobbyists, lawyers, tax accountants and politicians
who jumped on the bandwagon and turned this system into the largest single service
industry in the United States.
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Really, we should throw away our 4,000 page Tax Code and start anew. The top tax
rate in Hong Kong, the world's fastest-growing economy during the past ten years, is 15%,
and it takes less than an hour to fill out your annual tax return. A flat tax of 13% such as
Jerry Brown proposes is the kind of plan America will have to adopt by the end of the
1990s if we are to keep pace with a world that has rediscovered entrepreneurial capitalism.
Ten years from now, tax courses at Harvard Business School shouldn't even exist or, if
they do, should be the least interesting electives in the curriculum.
While drastic tax simplification should be the country's basic goal for the onset of the
next century; in the meantime, we need reform that will restore incentives to risk-taking.
First and foremost, as Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan proposes,
we should simply abolish the capital gains tax, which should be seen as a tax on capital
formation and liquidity.
It seems to me that so much misinformation has been disseminated on this subject
that even some of the political proponents of capital gains reduction do not accurately
understand the rationale of their position. Conventional wisdom states that this is a tax
which fundamentally applies only to the wealthy. Nothing could be further from the truth.
By definition, the wealthy already have capital and are not much concerned with capital
gains. It is the ordinary person who is penalized, virtually defrauded, by this tax. As my
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good friend the economist, Jude Wanniski, pointed out in a brilliant article written last
winter, elimination of the tax on capital formation would significantly help labor,
minorities, small town America and the elderly, as well as innovators of all sorts.
It will help labor. When you cut tax rates on labor, or ordinary income, more people
offer their labor in the market as work becomes more attractive. When this happens,
capital becomes relatively scarce. In the 1980s, tax rates on labor were cut sharply and
protected against inflation by indexation. Tax rates on capital were cut briefly, but
increased again in 1987, and were not protected against inflation. Labor is now plentiful
and capital is scarce, the "credit crunch." If capital were taxed at a lower rate, it would
become plentiful, and labor would become relatively scarce. If capital were not taxed at
all, it would become abundant. It would have to hire everyone in the unemployment lines
in order to realize all profit opportunities. It would even pay for capital to improve the
quality of their lives and train them, in order to realize profits. This would be especially
true for minorities.
For example, when the Negro slaves were freed during the Civil War, they came
into the market without a scrap of capital. Race prejudice has kept black Americans
starved for capital ever since. They have only essentially been able to use what they
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possessed from birth, their labor. No wonder in developing their potential as best they
could without capital, they became the best athletes and entertainers in society.
It would help small town America. Land, like labor, is a factor of production.
Throughout America's history, with capital taxed lightly or not at all, it spread from capital
centers and found its way to profit opportunities throughout the grass roots. However, as
capital has become scarce through high taxation, it has become more concentrated at the
metropoles, drying up opportunities in the country's small towns. Japan, which taxes
capital lightly or not at all, is able to seek profit opportunities far beyond its own shores.
Ending the tax on capital gains would make American capital available again and would
push much of this Japanese capital in other directions, to Asia, Central and South America.
It would aid the elderly. As most capital assets are owned by people over 55 years,
and as the price of these has been exaggerated through the last generation of monetary
inflation, seniors are now unable to enjoy the fruits of their past investments without paying
exorbitant taxes not on capital gains, but on capital. In the nation as a whole, taking
account of inflation, there has been no net increase in the nation's capital this past quarter
century. Eliminating the tax on capital gains would permit the seniors to unlock their past
investments instead of being forced to pass them, at death, to their heirs. A second way
seniors would benefit would be in the future, as rapid economic growth provided the
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resources enabling society to take care of the health and retirement needs of an aging
population.
It would help innovators. When capital is scarce, it is reserved for the "sure things."
The current "credit crunch" simply reflects the difficulty of enterprises that are not
established in acquiring capital from the system. Capitalism, like any betting
establishment, must provide for large rewards for large risks. Eliminating the capital gains
tax entirely will maximize the reward for risk-taking, innovation and enterprise, enabling
capital to flow to longshots, because only one need win in order to make the entire portfolio
of bets worthwhile.
Under no circumstances, though, should we throw money down the drain of
"investment incentives" which subsidize established industries. Tax policy has to
distinguish between preserving the rewards to risk-taking, which creates growth, and
reducing the risk of investment, which does not. In an appropriate economic environment
where risk-taking is prevalent, some failure is always a distinct possibility. But this is
really the essence of capitalism. The creative aspect of Joseph Schumpeter's "creative
destruction" obviously can't exist without some destruction.
We must focus this policy for capital formation clearly upon the parts of our
economy that most need it. We need a special tax regime for the inner cities and other
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parts of this country that are desperately short of capital. The health of our economy, as
well as the endurance of a national political consensus on behalf of opportunity, demand
this.
Finally, we need to rethink the way we have conducted our monetary affairs in the
past two decades. Before the end of this decade, I believe, America will have emerged
from a long cycle of rising and falling inflation expectations, back to a regime of price
stability. This will have profound consequences for enterprise. Profit is the other side of
the coin of uncertainty, as Frank Knight argued half a century ago. By "uncertainty," I do
not mean sloppy guesswork in business decisions, but rather the kind of insight that sees
beyond what the market is able to discount or insure. Investment is uncertain enough
without added uncertainty from government monetary policy. A consensus on behalf of
certainty in monetary policy has been emerging for some years. Back in 1987, then
Treasury Secretary James Baker proposed to use as a yardstick for monetary policy a
basket of commodities including gold. More recently, there have been encouraging signs
that the Federal Reserve has a growing interest in maintaining price stability in terms of
commodities, with enormous implications for reducing the cost of capital in this country.
Essentially, I can envision a different kind of country as the century draws to a close.
Rather than dealing with problems such as inflation created by government interference, the
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best graduates of this great school should be pitting their skills against technological risk in
a new wave of innovation, and against political risk in a world of unparalleled opportunities
overseas. The 1990s should not be an age of diminished expectations. Never before have
world events presented such an imperative for entrepreneurial capitalism. As much as the
early 1980s were a period of growth and opportunity, I believe that the possibilities for the
1990s and beyond should be far greater. Our country can either restructure along the lines
I have suggested and lead the way, or heed conventional thinking and risk falling by the
competitive wayside. In any event, those of you who can segregate real risk from its
perception and who can therefore see further into these trends than others, will do great
things. I wish you all the very best of luck.
17
- Copy of ltr
givento CleRK
+ St Press ofc
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
03/20/92
FOR:
SAMUEL K. SKINNER
FROM: PHILLIP BRADY
Assistant to the President
and Staff Secretary
XX
Information
4)
Action
Let's Discuss
SENT BY:DOT S-1
; 3-20-92 ; 5:03PM ;
2023663956-
9-45628831# 2
U.S.Department
The Administrator
400 Seventh Street, S.W.
of Transportation
Washington, D.C. 20590
National Highway
Traffic Safety
Administration
March 20, 1992
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
It is a great honor to serve in your Administration.
Your leadership as President and Commander-in-Chief
has brought this great Nation together to meet its
challenges and to establish its preeminence.
I was pleased and honored when you nominated me
to be the Administrator for the Federal Aviation
Administration. I am certain that I could have
served you well in that capacity.
However, because of recent personal considerations,
I request that you withdraw my nomination from the
Senate. I intend to remain at present as your
Administrator for the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration.
Let me assure you that I look forward to working
for you in my present capacity, and in serving you
and the American people.
Sincerely,
serry Ralph Curry
THE WHITE HOUSE
3/19
Day Bill,
Rosh you for you to
it does It up a bil of a
Gs you may it mar not recall, In C. typical
(if fonatic) Notre Jame godate of I'm purling
consideration of their Convencement Nonethelass
in the spint of orivers Not assed your letter
will 4 sit lapel the provittial Very belt be and PGD.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
The Honorable William F. Weld
Governor of Massachusetts
Boston, Massachusetts 02133
PERSONAL
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
3/20/92
DATE:
TO:
KATHY SUPER
FROM: PHILLIP D. BRADY
Assistant to the President and
Staff Secretary
anon Bill
7 x 24
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
STATE HOUSE
BOSTON 02133
02 MAR 19 A 9 : 47
WILLIAM F. WELD
GOVERNOR
ARGEO PAUL CELLUCCI
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR
March 11, 1992
Mr. Phillip D. Brady
Assistant to the President
Staff Secretary
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Phil,
Dear Mr. Brady:
I understand that President Bush has been invited to speak
at the Assumption College Commencement Exercises in Worcester,
Massachusetts on Saturday, May 23, 1992.
If his schedule allows, I hope this invitation will be given
serious consideration as I believe that the President's
appearance in Worcester would be beneficial to both him and the
college.
Sincerely,
Bm
William F. Weld
Governor
PS Joe Hagan, the Pres. of Assumption, me is
a heary-duty Republican and helped
h lot
BW
accure
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