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470416956
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Wednesday, December 12, 1990
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470416956
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title
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
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90573-003
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George H. W. Bush Papers
Presidential Daily Files
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1990
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
2009-0166-S
2009-0166-S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
OA/ID Number:
90573
Folder ID Number:
90573-003
Folder Title:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
V
12
12
4
4
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Doc. No. / Type
Subject/Title
Date
Restriction
Classification
01. Schedule
Schedule of the President [redaction] (1 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(3)
02. Log
White House Telephone Log [President Bush] [redaction of
12/12/90
(b)(6)
personal information] (2 pp.)
03. Note
From George Bush to Patty Re: CFC (1 pp.)
12/12/90
C
04. Note
Handwritten notes of Presidential Phone call with JAB [James A.
12/12/90
(b)(6)
Baker, III] Re: JAB-Chase-Brent talk (1 pp.)
05. Note
From Dick Cheney to President Bush (2 pp.)
12/12/[90]
(b)(1)
06. Notes
Handwritten notes of Meeting between U.S. and USSR (2 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(1)
07a. Memo
From Brent Scowcroft to President Bush (3 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(1)
S
07b. Talking Points Points to be Made Meeting with Foreign Minister Eduard
n.d.
(b)(1)
S
Shevardnadze (8 pp.)
07c. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
07d. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
07e. Report
Government Report [1st page only] (1 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(1)
S
Page 1 of 2
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Pinksheet Number:
dw1910
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
FOIA/Sys Case #:
2009-0166-S
Re-review Case #:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Doc. No. / Type
Subject/Title
Date
Restriction
Classification
07f. Report
Government Report (2 pp.)
09/04/90
(b)(1)
S
07g. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
07h. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
05/21/90
(b)(1)
S
07i. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
05/16/90
(b)(1)
S
07j. Letter
From Mikhail Gorbachev to President Bush [unofficial
12/7/90
(b)(1)
translation] (3 pp.)
07k. Letter
From Mikhail Gorbachev to President Bush [Russian version] (3
12/7/90
(b)(1)
pp.)
08a. Memo
From Brent Scowcroft to President Bush (2 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(1)
S
08b. Talking Points Points to be Made with unita Leader Jonas Savimbi (1 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(1)
08c. Talking Points Points to be Made with unita Leader Jonas Savimbi (1-pp.)
n.d.
(b)(1)
08d. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
09/21/90
(b)(1)
S
09a. Letter
From President Bush to Pam Ernest Re: friendship [redaction of
12/12/90
(b)(6)
personal information] (1 pp.)
09b. Note
From Bridget to Patty Re: Congressman Bill Young's daughter
12/12/90
(b)(6)
Pam Ernest [redaction of personal information] (1 pp.)
Page 2 of 2
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Pinksheet Number:
dw1910
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
FOIA/Sys Case #:
2009-0166-S
Re-review Case #:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
01. Schedule
Schedule of the President [redaction] (1 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(3)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA)
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information I(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRAJ
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA)
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile
SCHEDULE OF THE PRESIDENT
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
8:00 am
Intelligence Briefing
Oval Office
(15 min)
(Scowcroft/Sununu)
8:15 am
National Security Briefing
Oval Office
(30 min)
(Scowcroft/Sununu)
8:45 am
Meeting with Governor Sununu
Oval Office
(30 min)
9:15 am
Administrative Time
Oval Office
(45 min)
10:00 am
op/wr
Cabinet Meeting
Cabinet Room
(60 min)
(Holiday)
(TAB A)
11:00 am
Photo Opportunities
(TAB B)
Oval Office
(10 min)
WIRES
1. Presidents of National Con-
ference of State Legislatures
(Demarest)
2. Roger Whyte (Hagin)
11:10 am
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(20 min)
11:30 am
op/wi B
Hanukkah Celebration
450 OEOB
(20 min)
(Demarest)
(TAB C)
11:55 am
The President departs to Address
South Lawn
OPEN
Jobs for America's Graduates 1st
Annual Governors Leadership Awards
Luncheon at the National Press Club
(Demarest)
(TAB D)
1:00 pm
Arrives White House
South Lawn
1:00 pm
Lunch
Oval Office
(30 min)
1:30 pm
Meeting with Secretary Baker
Oval Office
(30 min)
2:00 pm
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
(30 min)
UNP 12/11/90
6:00 pm
2:30 pm
Administrative Time
oval office
(30 min)
Staff Time SHEVARDNADZE
Oval office
3:00 pm
(60 min)
(Scowcroft)
(Distributed Separately)
Personal Staff Time
Oval Office
4:00 pm
(30 min)
4:30 pm
Meeting with Governor Sununu
Oval Office
(30 min)
6:15 pm
B Photo with Social Aides and
East Room
(10 min)
Official Christmas Photo
(Firestone)
6:45 pm
B
Christmas Party
State Floor
(Firestone)
(TAB E)
0704 POTUS IN OVAL 0708 ADD GRAY
Bush Presidential Lora
0713 GRAY OUT 0801 ADD SUNUNU 0803 SUNUNU BUT
0805 ADD SCOW CROFT, Sununu, DCI,
(b)(3)
0824 DCI,
(b)(3)
OUT 0825 ADD VP
ptocopy
0904 SCOWCROFT out 0929 ALL OUT
0941 ADD Sunnnu, DEMAREST 0945 ALL out
0950 ADD Sununu 0959 ADD BAKER
1003 POTUS To CABINET Room
1103 POTUS IN OVAL/ ADD DEMAREST
1105 NCSL ET AL IN 1110 ALL OUT
1111 WHYTE ET AL IN 1115 ALL OUT
1127 ADD JERRY'S WEINTRAUB
1728 POTUS to 450 OEOB
UNP 12/11/90
1206 POTUS IN OVAL
6:00 pm
1209 POTUS TO SOUTH GROUNDS (SEE SEPARATE SCHEDULE)
1302 POTUS IN OVAL/ADO BAKER
1303 ADD SCOWCROFT 1311 ADD Sununu
1320 ADD PRINCE BANDAR 1353 ALL out
1446 ADD SCOWCROFT, Sununa
1457 Sunanu out 1458 SCOWCROFT OUT
1500 ADD SCOWCROFT, FITZWATER, Sununu
1503 SHEVARDNADZE ET AL IN (OVAL PARTICIPANTS) OFFICE MTG
1527 POTUS IN CABINET Room
1603 POTUS IN OVAL/ADD SHEVARNADZE, BAKER
SCOWCROFT, CICCONNI
(2) INTERPRETERS
1605 POTUS TO ROSE GARDEN
1610 POTUS IN OVAL/ ADD SCOWCROFT
1627 POTUS to STATE FLOOR
1640 POTUS IN OUAL
1642 ADD Sununu, BENNETT
1702 BENNETT OUT 1705 ADD SCOWCROFT
1711 SCOWCROFT OUT 1740 SUNUNU out
1745 ADD SCOWCROFT 1756 SCOWCROFT OUT
1801 POTUS TO RESIDENCE
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
02. Log
White House Telephone Log [President Bush] [redaction of
12/12/90
(b)(6)
personal information] (2 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(I) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA)
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
TELEPHONE MEMORANDUM
DECEMBER 12
, 1990
PRESIDENT BUSH
TIME
NAME
ACTION
PLACED
DISC
OUT
8:34
AM
MRS. BARBARA BUSH
CALL CA PER MRS.
RES: WASHINGTON, D.C.
PATRICIA A. PRESOCK
WHITE HOUSE ADMIN. EXT. 542
8:35 A.M.
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
XRUT
9:34 AM
9:42
SECRETARY JAMES A. BAKER III
OFC: WASHINGTON, D.C.
WHITE HOUSE ADMIN. EXT. 420
TLKD-OK 9:35 A.M.
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
XRUT
AM
SECRETARY JAMES A. BAKER III
TLKD-OK WITH MR.
OFC: WASHINGTON, D.C.
MICHAEL DANNENHAUER.
WHITE HOUSE ADMIN. EXT. 420
INC
12:17 PM
OUT
AM
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
INC
PM
OUT
ASK
MRS. BARBARA BUSH
WASHINGTON, D.C.
WHITE HOUSE ADMIN. EXT. 530
TLKD-OK
NMC
4:12 PM
4:13
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
SECRETARY JAMES A. BAKER III
WASHINGTON, D.C.
202-628-9425
TLKD-OK
INC
5:50 PM
5:52
OUT
AM
INC
PM
YOUr
AM
MR. ROGER AILES
SPOKE WITH MRS.
PATRICIA A. PRESOCK
6:56
(b)(6)
INC
PM
8:31 P.M.
GPO : 1983 0 - 405-660 : QL 2
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
TELEPHONE MEMORANDUM
DECEMBER 12
, 19.90
PRESIDENT BUSH
TIME
NAME
ACTION
PLACED
DISC
OUT
AM
MR. NEIL BUSH
PRESUS CA.
(b)(6)
XINC
8:07 PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
GPO : 1983 0 - 405-660 : QL 2
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
TELEPHONE MEMORANDUM
SIGNAL SWITCHBOARD
December 12, 19990
TIME
NAME
ACTION
PLACED
DISC
OUX
8:03 AM
8:05
Secretary Lauro F. Cavazos
Tlkd-ok
Residence, Washington, D.C.
8:04 AM
INC
PM
White House Signal 2-3111
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
OUT
AM
INC
PM
GPO : 1983 0 - 405-660 : QL 2
PRESIDENTIAL MOVEMENTS
LOCATION Washington, D.C.
DATE 12 December 1990
TIME
MOVEMENTS
0701
South Grounds
0703
Oval Office
1004
Cabinet Room
1101
Oval Office
1134
Room 450, Old Executive Office Building
1207
Oval Office
1209
South Grounds
1210
Depart South Grounds via Motorcade
1212
Arrive Press Club
1257
Depart Press Club via Motorcade
1259
Arrive North Grounds
1300
Oval Office
1532
Cabinet Room
1604
Oval Office
1606
Rose Garden
1610
Oval Office
1628
South Grounds
1630
State Floor
1643
Oval Office
1807
Residence
1820
State Floor
1832
Residence
1849
State Floor
2004
Residence
WHCA FORM 15, OCTOBER 15, 1980
PRESIDENTIAL MOVEMENTS
LOCATION Washington, D.C.
DATE 12 December 1990
TIME
MOVEMENTS
2058
Ground Floor
2129
South Grounds
2133
Residence
WHCA FORM 15, OCTOBER 15, 1980
News Summary
OFFICE OF THE PRESS SECRETARY
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1990
6:00 A.M. EST EDITION
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
Bush Tells Shamir Israel Won't Be Hurt By U.S. Efforts In Gulf
Crisis -- After a meeting that emphasized their ties rather than
their differences, Israel's prime minister
said Tuesday President
Bush had assured him the U.S. would not try to settle the Persian
Gulf crisis at the expense of Israel.
(Scripps Howard, Boston Globe, New York Times,
Washington Post, Washington Times)
Baker Says He Supports Soviet Plan For Nuclear-Free Zone In Mideast
-- Dangling a carrot in front of Saddam Hussein, Secretary Baker
gave qualified support Tuesday to a Soviet plan for diplomatic
talks aimed at eliminating all nuclear and chemical weapons in the
Middle East, including Israel's, if Iraq withdraws from Kuwait.
(Chicago Tribune, Washington Post)
NATIONAL NEWS
Bush Backs Move For Limiting Terms of U.S. Lawmakers -- President
Bush has decided to push for a constitutional amendment to limit
the terms of members of Congress, his chief of staff, John Sununu
said Tuesday.
(New York Times, Boston Globe, Washington Post)
NETWORK NEWS (Tuesday evening)
SHAMIR VISIT -- President Bush
and Yitzhak Shamir ended their
year-long estrangement Tuesday.
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
A-1
GULF -- Iraq added more troops
NATIONAL NEWS
A-12
in and around Kuwait this week,
putting their total over 500,000.
NETWORK NEWS
B-1
SOVIET AID -- The White House may
unveil a plan for food aid to the
Soviet Union as early as today.
This Summary is prepared Monday through Friday by the White House News Summary Staff.
For complete stories or information, please call 456-2950.
INTERNA TIONAL NEWS
SHAMIR CALLS BUSH TALKS REASSURING
No Persian Gulf Deal At 'Expense of Israel'
Israeli Prime Minister Shamir met with President Bush for
almost two hours Tuesday and said afterward he was reassured that
the U.S. will not try to settle the Gulf crisis on terms harmful
to Israel.
"I trust the President," Shamir told reporters. "He has said
it several times, and he said it to me now again, that there will
not be any deal at the expense of Israel."
U.S. and Israeli officials, who briefed reporters on the
talks, gave the impression that Bush and Shamir had avoided
detailed discussion on many issues that have caused friction in
U.S.-Israeli relations and had confined themselves instead to a
broad, general review of matters, such as opposition to Iraq's
aggression, on which they agree.
In a step that could accelerate Israel's movement toward
better relations with the Soviet Union, Shamir will also meet here
with Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze, U.S. and Israeli
officials said
Bush set the tone by telling Shamir on his arrival: "I want
to give a warm welcome to the prime minister, and I'm delighted he
is here."
Afterward, Shamir added: "I think there is a full convergence
of view about the [Iraqi] problem. There are no differences at
all."
(John Goshko, Washington Post, A29)
Bush Tells Shamir To Take A New Look At Palestinian Problem --
President Bush told Prime Minister Shamir Tuesday that once the
Persian Gulf crisis is resolved, Israel must make a new effort to
solve the smoldering Palestinian problem.
In a two-hour meeting at the White House, Bush also said that
after the crisis is over, Israel should join in Middle East arms
control negotiations.
Bush and Shamir did not discuss the subject in detail, though
Bush said that peace and stability in the region "ought to benefit
Israel, too," said John Kelly, assistant secretary of state for the
Middle East
Shamir, emerging from the White House said Bush and he
"reached general understanding, more or less, on all the moves in
the Gulf and on Israel's position."
Kelly said Bush told Shamir he appreciated Israel's low
profile in the Gulf crisis
If Iraq attacks Israel, the United States "could not but
react," Bush assured Shamir, though Bush "did not define it, " Kelly
said.
(Walter Friedenberg, Scripps Howard)
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-2
Bush And Shamir Show Solidarity -- President Bush and Prime
Minister Shamir sought Tuesday to smooth over differences with a
public show of solidarity. But the highest-level meeting between
the two countries since the start of the Persian Gulf crisis ended
with signs of the same tensions that have irritated relations in
recent months
The glowing, diplomatic language seemed more a reflection of
both leaders' anxiety to present a more positive image of American-
Israeli relations than an indication of substantial progress on the
issues concerning the two countries
For both countries imagery, rather than substance, seemed
to be the main purpose of the meeting, which was arranged because
Mr. Shamir's plans to be in the United States on a private visit
provided a convenient opportunity and not because either side was
lobbying hard to have it. (Andrew Rosenthal, New York Times, A19)
Bush Tells Shamir Israel Won't Be Hurt By U.S. Efforts In Gulf
Crisis -- After a meeting that emphasized their ties rather than
their differences, Israel's prime minister said Tuesday President
Bush had assured him the U.S. would not try to settle the Persian
Gulf crisis at the expense of Israel.
In addition, according to administration officials, Shamir
said Israel would not protest if Bush decided to waive barriers to
agricultural credits for the Soviet union put in by Congress to
oppose past Soviet restrictions on Jewish emigration
John Kelly said that while Bush voiced concerns about Israeli
treatment of Palestinians living in occupied areas, Bush did not
press Shamir on the killing of at least 19 Arabs during unrest at
the Temple Mount in Jerusalem on Oct. 8 Nor did Bush press Shamir
to cooperate with a planned U.N. investigation of the clash.
In addition, Kelly said Shamir did not ask Bush to veto a
resolution at the U.N. for an international peace conference to
address the Arab-Israeli conflict
but Shamir said he had been
assured by Bush [the U.S. would not accede to Arab demands for a
conference.]
(Stephen Kurkjian, Boston Globe)
Shamir Breaks Ice, Wins Bush Promises -- President Bush rewarded
Israel Tuesday for its low profile in the Persian Gulf crisis by
pledging continued aid and vowing not to seek Middle East peace
talks until Iraq had vacated Kuwait
Mr. Shamir essentially got everything he wanted from Mr. Bush,
apparently warming up their frosty relations of the past year.
They opened what several officials called a "friendly relationship"
aimed at restoring Israel as Washington's No. 1 Middle East ally.
"This meeting, I think, will enhance further the special
relationship, the friendship, between the United States and
Israel," Shamir said after the Oval Office meeting of nearly two
hours, about twice the length scheduled.
"It really was a warm, nice, friendly, open meeting," a senior
Israeli official said
Israeli sources said Mr. Bush told Mr. Shamir that he would
not allow additional housing loan guarantees until he is assured
that Israel will comply with its pledge to not settle Soviet Jewish
immigrants in the occupied territories.
Mr. Bush was much more supportive of continued military aid
to Israel, assuring Mr. Shamir that "We will maintain a qualitative
edge in armaments for Israel, Mr. Kelly said.
(Paul Bedard, Washington Times, A1)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-3
IRAQ INCREASES ITS TROOPS NEAR KUWAIT
TO 500,000, PENTAGON SAYS
Iraq continues to pour more military power in and around
Kuwait, with troops now numbering 500,000, an increase of 20,000
from last week and 100,000 more than a moth ago, the Pentagon
announced Tuesday
Pentagon and congressional officials said Tuesday that the
continued Iraqi buildup had little effect on the offensive
capabilities of U.S. forces in the Persian Gulf.
Gen. Powell said at the time of Hussein's announcement that
any further Iraqi buildup would not greatly threaten U.S. forces
and might even make it easier for the U.S. to fight a war.
Powell did not elaborate, but a congressional specialist on
the Gulf, who declined to be named, said Tuesday that Saddam
Hussein had "already got all of his first-rate forces" in or near
Kuwait
Sending in more troops, he said, would amount to "pumping in
cannon fodder. If there were a war, we'd be able to do much more
damage to his military, partly because his logistics, which already
stink, will be even more crumbly. "
The specialist concluded, "I'm not saying it's nothing to
worry about, but it doesn't add much firepower" to the Iraqi
military.
(Fred Kaplan, Boston Globe)
SIGNALS MIXED ON IRAQI PLANS
BAGHDAD -- While Iraq has systematically plundered Kuwait and
isolated atrocities by Iraqi troops are continuing, there is
conflicting evidence as to whether Baghdad is digging on for a
fight or moving to withdraw as much booty as possible.
The excesses by invading troops in the first few weeks have
largely disappeared, replaced by well-organized and official
plundering of Kuwait's wealth, according to Westerners and Kuwaitis
who recently fled Kuwait City. Armed resistance has tapered off
and the overwhelming Iraqi military presence in the city has been
reduced, they said
Baghdad appears to have reduced its military strength in the
port city itself, leading some observers to suggest that there will
be no war for urban Kuwait
Resistance fighters have won at least one significant tactical
victory.
Kuwait's main international airport has been closed. All
flights leave from an air force base after a successful rocket
attack -- presumably by Kuwaiti resistance fighters -- on an Iraqi
airliner.
(Paul Koring, Toronto Globe & Mail)
IRAQ THREATENS TO WIPE OUT ISRAEL IF IT ATTACKS
BAGHDAD -- Iraq said Wednesday it would wipe out Israel if it
came under attack from the Jewish state.
"Nothing called 'Israel' shall remain if Israel is involved
in an aggression against Iraq," the government newspaper Al-
Jumhouriya said in a front-page editorial which repeated previous
threats against Israel.
The newspaper said "Iraq has taken a clear, defined and open
decision to inflict an unprecedented punishment against this entity
(Israel) which has usurped the rights of Arabs."
(Reuter)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-4
500 TO FOREGO U.S. EVACUATION
Many Are Children or Hold
Mixed Citizenship in Kuwait, Iraq
BAGHDAD -- About 500 Americans appear to have decided to
forego evacuation and have chosen to remain in Iraq or Kuwait
because they are either long-time residents or hold dual U.S.
citizenship in either country, U.S. officials said Tuesday.
Many of those remaining behind are children of mixed-
citizenship families.
An American evacuation flight from Kuwait left
Tuesday with
no Americans on board, essentially confirming that several hundred
people who hold U.S. passports are expected to remain behind.
In Washington, the State Department announced another
evacuation flight was expected to depart Kuwait on Thursday, after
a final effort to locate any Americans who might wish to leave.
The flight is also expected to take out the five remaining U.S.
diplomats at the beleaguered embassy in Kuwait city, effectively
closing the facility.
(Dana Priest, Washington Post, A1)
EMBARGO AGAINST IRAQ HAS FAILED TO MAKE MUCH IMPACT
BAGHDAD -- The international trade embargo against Iraq
has
failed so far to make much impact on the lives of most Iraqis.
While oil exports have effectively been throttled, widespread
and efficient sanctions-busting by Baghdad and scores of
enterprising smuggling operations in neighboring countries have
maintained a steady flow of food and other imports.
The evidence is unmistakable: tea from Iran with labels in
Farsi, beer and canned foods from Jordan, light bulbs and packaged
breads from Turkey -- all with production dates long after the
embargo was imposed on Aug. 6
"The borders are porous enough that lots of stuff is getting
through,' says a Canadian diplomat charged with monitoring the
impact of the sanctions.
None of his colleagues in a group from the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development that meets monthly to assess
the effectiveness of the embargo can find contrary evidence. There
has been only a "very limited effect on the economy," another
diplomat said.
"I don't think the population is suffering much, although
there is individual suffering."
For what hardship exists, he cited Iraqi "mismanagement of the
economy and excessive spending on defense as the main source of
suffering," rather than the effectiveness of the sanctions
All of the signs point to a massive flow of supplies from
Syria and Iran
Some Jordanian businessmen say little-used desert tracks have
suddenly become busy again; others suggest that sanctions-busting
cargoes enter Iraq via Syria. Whatever the routing, Jordanians
complain of shortages caused, they say, because so much production
is being shipped to Iraq.
(Paul Koring, Toronto Globe & Mail)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-5
Businessman: Kuwaiti Supplies Could Sustain Iraq For Years --
FRANKFURT -- Economic sanctions will not force Saddam Hussein to
back down because his legions looted enough from Kuwait to sustain
Iraq for several years, a Canadian businessman who fled the captive
nation said Wednesday.
The Baghdad-born executive said he was "utterly amazed by the
over-simplification of the issue
that economic sanctions will
have their effects on Iraq."
"What has been looted from Kuwait is enough to last the system
for up to 10 years,' the 50-year old businessman said
The Canadian businessman said an Iraqi friend in Kuwait asked
him to give President Bush a message "that they hope he will not
betray them and they are waiting for him to liberate not only
Kuwait but the Iraqi people from his tyranny." (Maud Beelman, AP)
SHEVARDNADZE URGES NUCLEAR-FREE ZONE IN MIDDLE EAST
HOUSTON -- Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze called Tuesday
for creation of a zone in the Middle East that would be free of
nuclear and chemical weapons and would include both Iraq and Israel
after the Persian Gulf crisis is solved.
Secretary Baker
said he was sympathetic to the idea, but
stopped short of saying the U.S. would ask Israel to give up its
nuclear weapons.
Shevardnadze also flatly ruled out any Soviet participation
in the multinational force massed in the Gulf
But the Soviet
minister strongly backed Washington's efforts to arrange high-
level talks with Iraqi officials as soon as possible.
In three hours of talks Tuesday, Baker and Shevardnadze
focused on the Soviet Union's economic needs
Baker said Tuesday that "there was full agreement" with the
Soviets that any assistance provided by the U.S. should be part of
a transition toward "long-term economic reform" in the Soviet
Union.
(David Hoffman, Washington Post, A29)
Baker Says He Supports Soviet Plan For Nuclear-Free Zone In Mideast
-- HOUSTON -- Dangling a carrot in front of Saddam Hussein,
Secretary Baker gave qualified support Tuesday to a Soviet plan for
diplomatic talks aimed at eliminating all nuclear and chemical
weapons in the Middle East, including Israel's, if Iraq withdraws
from Kuwait
Baker said the U.S. and Soviets saw "eye to eye" on all
aspects of the Persian Gulf crisis and were prepared to work
together to end the Middle East arms race "when we resolve the
current crisis."
Pressed by reporters, Baker refused to specifically commit the
U.S. to a "nuclear-free zone" in the region. But he said
Washington would be willing to explore a major diplomatic effort
to halt the spread of mass destruction and conventional arms
throughout the Middle East once the Gulf crisis is over.
"We should take a look at the proliferation of all types of
weapons in the Middle East, Baker said. "We should recognize the
fact that the Middle East has become a dumping ground of weapons
of all sorts, not only nuclear, but also chemical
and
conventional. Doing this would require all nations in the area to
subscribe (to negotiated limits.)
(George de Lama, Chicago Tribune)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-6
BUSH, SHEVARDNADZE MEET TODAY
Deal Would Help U.S. Agriculture
U.S. farmers are nearly as eager to get rid of their growing
surpluses as the Soviets are to receive them
A multibillion-dollar deal with the Soviet Union could boost
market prices and pave the way for greatly expanded trade with the
Soviets.
"We're accumulating surpluses and there's fear about the
recession and (food) isn't moving as fast as we'd like," said Don
Lipton, spokesman for the American Farm Bureau Federation
"If we export more to the Soviet Union, it'll help them help
us," said Bill Roenigk, of the National [chicken] Broiler Council.
"We're very optimistic it will happen.'
Says Steve McCoy, of the North American Export Grain
Association: "The President and Congress can deliver a message of
reassurance to U.S. agriculture by moving swiftly, by whatever
means necessary and available, to grant (export credits) to the
U.S.S.R."
(Tracy Walmer, USA Today, A4)
RESISTANCE IN KUWAIT IS ALIVE, SAY EVACUEES
Heroism Recounted; Retribution 'Severe'
BAGHDAD -- British and American citizens evacuated from Kuwait
Tuesday after months of hiding spoke of heroic Kuwaitis who saved
them from capture by Iraqi soldiers and who smuggled them daily
provisions.
They described the Persian Gulf kingdom
as
a
shell
of
a
country, a dirty, dangerous place where everything of value has
been lifted and where the relatively well-trained troops who led
the invasion have now been replaced by younger, more unruly and
greedy soldiers.
Without exception, those interviewed Tuesday said they wanted
the world to know the Kuwaiti resistance movement is alive. They
described Kuwait City and its environs as fortified with plywood
and cement machine-gun embankments, as well as a nascent system of
tunnels where it appears the Iraqi forces are storing arms, water
and communications equipment. (Dana Priest, Washington Post, A1)
Hostages: No Resistance Fighting; Kuwait city A Ruin -- FRANKFURT
-- Western hostages fleeing Iraq and occupied Kuwait this week
report resistance fighting against Iraqi soldiers has stopped, and
that Kuwait City is now an empty ruin
"Some people in Kuwait are still in hiding. It's chaotic down
there. But we're the last out of Iraq," Mike Nickman of Grand
Island, Michigan, said
[An Irishman] said there was some resistance fighting against
the Iraqi soldiers at the beginning of the occupation in August,
but it soon stopped after Iraqi soldiers rounded up Kuwaiti
children and threatened to kill them one-by-one for every Iraqi
shot.
(Lance Gay, Scripps Howard)
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-7
U.N. ENVOYS PLAN PLEDGE TO ASSURE IRAQ
UNITED NATIONS -- The foreign ministers of the five permanent
Security Council members hope to meet in Europe this month to
pledge to Saddam Hussein that he need not fear an attack if he
gives up Kuwait peacefully by the Jan. 15 deadline they have set,
diplomats here say.
At this meeting, which they want to hold after Foreign
Minister Tareq Aziz of Iraq has visited Washington but before
Secretary Baker goes to Baghdad, the five are also planning to warn
Saddam that they will not be satisfied with a partial withdrawal
from Kuwait
Diplomats say they suspect that Mr. Hussein is still worried
that the military force assembled in the Gulf will be used to
destroy him in any event, making withdrawal pointless.
The declarations could also reassure Saddam by implication
that the U.S. would not permit Israel to attack him either, these
diplomats add.
(Paul Lewis, New York Times, A18)
ALGERIAN PRESIDENT LAUNCHES PEACE BID
Bendjedid To Push Iraqi-Saudi Dialogue
AMMAN -- Algeria's President Bendjedid launched a new Arab
mediation effort in the Persian Gulf crisis Tuesday, arriving here
on the first leg of a peace mission that Jordanian officials said
is aimed at arranging a summit meeting between President Hussein
and King Fahd.
Bendjedid met with Jordan's King Hussein Tuesday night and was
expected to travel Wednesday to Baghdad for talks with Saddam. He
is also expected to visit Saudi Arabia and Iran, and possibly stop
in Oman and Syria during a five-day regional tour
According to Jordanian officials, the Bush administration's
proposal for a high-level exchange of visits between Washington and
Baghdad spurred the Jordanian-Algerian initiative to explore the
possibility of direct talks between Fahd and Saddam. They said
King Hussein and Bendjedid agreed on the need for a dialogue that
would consider purely Arab interests in the confrontation and not
involve outside powers. (William Drozdiak, Washington Post, A29)
U.S. TO SEEK AID FOR 3 ALLIES IN CRISIS
Up To $5 Billion May Be Needed
To Offset Sanctions' Effect in 1991
The United States plans to ask its Persian Gulf allies to come
up with an additional $4 billion to $5 billion in the next year for
Jordan, Egypt and Turkey to compensate for losses related to the
Gulf crisis, a senior Treasury official said Tuesday.
A committee working under the chairmanship of Treasury
Undersecretary David Mulford had earlier received pledges from 25
nations now estimated at about $13.4 billion, of which about $10.8
billion was earmarked for Jordan, Egypt and Turkey. But it has
always been assumed, the Treasury official said, that even if the
confrontation with Iraq were settled "relatively quickly, there
would be additional requirements" to be met for 1991.
He added that there is also concern that "after you had made
the emergency transfusion in 1990 [and taken care of] the immediate
shock, another question to be addressed for 1991 is how to assure
that the economic reform process that was underway continues."
(Hobart Rowen, Washington Post, A31)
white House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-8
Gulf Donations Range From $5 to $2.5 Billion, Pentagon Says --
Donations to help pay for the U.S. military buildup in the Persian
Gulf have ranged from $20 from a young lemonade salesman to $2.5
billion from the exiled rulers of Kuwait, the Pentagon said
Tuesday.
Spokesman Pete Williams said countries including Japan,
Germany, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia had promised $6.5 billion to the
U.S. effort and had so far provided $4.5 billion of that in cash
and services ranging from transportation to food
Williams said a total of $6,257.92 had been mailed to the
Pentagon from about 30 individuals, including 20 one-dollar bills
from a Washington-are schoolboy.
The 8-year old boy made the money by selling lemonade at a
small stand on busy Connecticut Avenue. The spokesman said the
small bundle of money was sent with the following note:
"Dear Secretary Cheney:
Please use this money to help buy water to help for the troops
in the desert and the men in the boats at the Gulf. From, David.'
(Charles Aldinger, Reuter)
TWO U.S. MARINES DIE IN GULF, AMERICAN TOLL 55
DHAHRAN -- Two U.S. Marines serving in Operation Desert Shield
collapsed and died in separate incidents in the Persian Gulf,
military authorities said Wednesday.
(Reuter)
TREASURY: JAPAN STILL RESTRICTS U.S. FINANCIAL FIRMS
Despite six years of efforts to pry open Japan's financial
markets, U.S. banks and securities companies still face
restrictions on how much business they can do in that country, the
Treasury Department told Congress Tuesday.
"In general, Tokyo is viewed as a key financial center, but
one in which change has not kept pace with that in other major
centers. By any standard of openness, Tokyo lags substantially
behind New York and London," the department said in a 505-page
report to Congress on foreign treatment of U.S. financial
institutions.
The reports also criticized the newly industrialized economies
of South Korea and Taiwan and "most major Latin American countries"
for discriminating against American banks.
In an indication of a tougher Treasury line on trade issues,
Undersecretary David Mulford hinted in a press briefing that the
Bush administration might support legislation calling for
retaliation against closed financial markets in other countries if
global free-trade talks are not revived next year.
(Stuart Auerbach, Washington Post, A12)
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-9
KGB PLEDGES TO BATTLE 'ANTI-COMMUNIST' FORCES
IN SOVIET UNION
MOSCOW -- KGB Chairman Vladimir Kryuchkov said Tuesday night
that the secret service would wage battle "with all the means at
their disposal" against "anti-communist" forces from within the
country and from abroad that threaten the authority of Soviet
central power.
"To be or not to be, that is the choice for our great state,"
Kryuchkov said in a televised statement. "The KGB has made its
choice, to defend the socialist motherland
The KGB will
protect law and order and block all force trying to tear the union
apart."
Kryuchkov's hard-line statement clearly is a part of President
Gorbachev's attempt in recent weeks to reassert the Kremlin's
authority against nationalists in the Baltic states and other
republics who reject his idea of a "renewed" union and challenge
Moscow's traditional control over the economic and political
system.
(David Remnick, Washington Post, A18)
SHEVARDNADZE BATTLES MILITARY
Policy differences between Soviet Foreign Minister
Shevardnadze and the Soviet military are expected to continue and
could affect Moscow's adherence to arms control treaties, according
to a RAND Corp. study.
Disputes between the Foreign Ministry and the military since
1988 "raise questions regarding compliance with and the possible
reversal of many of the steps taken by the Soviet military," the
report states.
Mr. Shevardnadze's moderate foreign policies are unpopular
with the military. That means "their continuation will depend very
much on the political fortunes of Gorbachev."
"However reluctantly, the generals obey the civilian
leadership," according to the report
"Nonetheless, on
circumstances in which the Soviet military is being forced to take
steps that it strongly opposes, the possibility cannot be excluded
that it [the military] may violate the letter or the spirit of the
policies instituted by the civilian leadership."
(Bill Gerts, Washington Times, A5)
SOVIETS SAID TO THREATEN SUPPLY CUTOFF IN BALTICS
Soviet officials have threatened to cut off food, energy and
raw materials to the three separatist Baltic republics unless they
agree to remain in the Soviet central planning system and turn over
their hard currency earnings to Moscow, Lithuanian President
Landsbergis said Tuesday
"The specific demand made on us," the Lithuanian president
said, "was that we remain in the central planning, finance and
taxation system and that we give over to the Soviet authorities the
hard currency that we earn." Landsbergis said the Lithuanians were
told they would be cut off from all Soviet shipments on Jan. 1, but
he expressed confidence that his breakaway republic would survive.
(A.D. Horne, Washington Post, A20)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-10
U.S., SOVIET CLIENTS IN ANGOLA TOLD TO MAKE PEACE
The U.S. and Soviet Union Tuesday gave their warring partners
in Angola a strong shove toward peace, amid clear indications that
a halt in the 15-year-old conflict is at hand.
In a joint statement released Tuesday, Secretary Baker and
Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze said they have developed a
peace plan calling for a cease-fire, cut-off in arms supplies to
respective sides and internationally monitored elections.
The plan is to be discussed today in Washington in an unusual
round of "cross talks." Mr. Shevardnadze will confer with U.S.-
supported Angolan rebel leader Jonas Savimbi while Mr. Baker holds
talks with Soviet-backed Angolan Foreign Minister Van Dunem.
(Warren Strobel & Gus Constantine, Washington Times, A7)
ANGOLA MOVES CLOSER TO PEACE
WITH AGREEMENT ON MULTIPARTY RULE
LUANDA -- Moves toward multiparty rule by Angola's governing
leftist movement go a long way in meeting conditions set by right-
wing rebels to end the country's 15-year old civil war, Western
diplomats in Luanda say.
But the envoys warned that further guarantees would be needed
to convince the rebels to lay down their arms.
"A practical and face-saving option for both sides would be
to agree on a disengagement of hostilities at the next round of
peace talks," one diplomat said
"The Angolan government position is that it has now done
everything reasonable and possible to create the conditions for
peace," one diplomat said.
(Anita Coulson, Reuter)
COMMUNIST ALBANIA TO LEGALIZE OPPOSITION PARTIES
VIENNA -- Albania's ruling Communist Party, in a series of
watershed moves, sacked five members of its Politburo Tuesday,
called for changes in the government, and said opposition political
parties should be allowed.
(Reuter)
SALVADOR ASKS FOR HELP AGAINST REBELS' MISSILES
The El Salvadoran government is seeking sophisticated U.S.
equipment to counter the use of new Soviet-made surface-to-air
missiles by Marxist rebels, Salvadoran officials said Tuesday.
The officials said they hope the U.S. military experts sent
to El Salvador this week will recommend new equipment for
government planes, including radar and a more efficient way to
confuse missiles shot from SA-14 shoulder-fired launchers
A high-ranking member of the Bush administration said Tuesday
the Sandinistas and the Cubans were the only armies in the region
that had SA-14s.
"Theoretically, the Soviet Union is responsible [for sending
the new weaponry], but we don't believe the Soviet Union is the
direct source," said the U.S. official, who asked not to be named.
(Lauren Weiner, Washington times, A7)
"more-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-11
CANADA UNVEILS MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN
TORONTO -- The Canadian government announced Tuesday a $3
billion program to clean and protect the country's air, water and
land over the next five years, calling it the most comprehensive
environmental plan in the world.
(William Claiborne, Washington Post, A19)
EDITOR'S NOTES: "Presidential Reward," a news analysis on
President Bush's handling of the hostage issue by R.W. Apple,
appears in the New York Times, A19.
"Roundup By Iraqis Called Sporadic, Erratic," by Mary Jordan and
John Lancaster, appears in the Washington Post, A1.
"Crisis Takes Toll on Palestinians," by William Drozdiak, appears
in the Washington Post, A29.
###
NATIONAL NEWS
SUNUNU PREDICTS STORMY SESSION,
RENEWED CALL FOR CAPITAL GAINS TAX CUT
White House Chief of Staff Sununu Tuesday predicted more
stormy relations between Republicans and Democrats in the next
session of Congress, with President Bush virtually certain to call
again for a capital gains tax cut
The Sununu speech, at the National Press Club, provided
evidence that the administration is gearing up for a prolonged
fight with Democrats, especially on the tax or "fairness" issue.
A White House aide predicted after the speech the Republicans would
beat the Democrats "if their rallying cry is going to be 'tax the
rich.
While Sununu said Bush had not made a final decision on
capital gains, he talked positively about it as the centerpiece of
Bush's economic growth principles
The standoff with Iraq and the economy will occupy much of the
White House calendar for now. But Sununu said Bush would promote
his "rolling agenda," including health care with the emphasis on
youth, enterprise zones giving tax benefits to companies providing
jobs in inner cities, more funding for merit schools and a new
defense structure at the Pentagon.
Bush, he said, also would press again for a line-item veto,
reforms in campaign financing and term limits on members of
Congress "to deal with the problems associated with perpetuating
the life of those who [are] elected to govern people
the
reality
that incumbency breeds a very different attitude is sensed by the
public."
(John Mashek, Boston Globe)
Bush Backs Move For Limiting Terms of U.S. Lawmakers -- President
Bush has decided to push for a constitutional amendment to limit
the terms of members of Congress, his chief of staff, John Sununu
said Tuesday.
Doing so as he prepares for his re-election campaign will put
Mr. Bush squarely and publicly on the side of an idea that is as
widely popular among voters as it is wildly unpopular with members
of Congress, including many Republican lawmakers. And state
lawmakers are not enamored of the idea either
Even though passage of such an amendment is unlikely, there
is very little risk for Mr. Bush in associating himself with the
movement.
Politically, the move fits nicely with the growing effort by
the White House to depict Congress as the source of most of the
nation's problems.
"The reality that incumbency breeds a very different attitude
is now sensed by the public, Mr. Sununu said
A spokesman for Rep. Michel said, "He doesn't think it needs
to be done."
(Michael Oreskes, New York Times, A1)
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-13
citing Year of Triumphs, Sununu Defends Actions -- White House
Chief of Staff Sununu, the target of sharp and often bitter
complaints by fellow Republicans, Tuesday defended his often
contentious performance and said his leadership on domestic issues
gave President Bush a year of triumph over the Democrats.
"Contrary to a lot of what has been written and talked about,"
Sununu told a National press Club audience, the past year had been
"a very successful year in terms of agenda set and agenda fulfilled
for the President.
Sununu described his battles as solely aimed at protecting
Bush from "gratuitous" shots and his legendary temper as used only
for effect. "I guarantee you that contrary to the legend, any
strong statements on my part are both controlled, deliberate and
designed to achieve an effect. There is not random outburst. It
is all designed for a purpose. And I think the efficiency of the
result is underscored by what we've been able to achieve.
The chief of staff said, "I make no apologies for feeling that
the President of the United States ought not to be subjected to
inappropriate attacks without somebody willing to
comment both
in the context and in the tenor of the original charge
You
have never seen me initiate an attack.'
(Ann Devroy, Washington Post, A25)
GOP GOVERNORS WARN BUSH TO RETURN TO BASICS
PINEHURST, N.C. -- Republican governors gave Vice President
Quayle a private message for the White House Tuesday and then made
part of it public: Get back to GOP basics or forget about becoming
a majority party.
Mr. Quayle delivered a message from President Bush to the
governors: Get your constituents to pressure Congress for more
support of Mr. Bush's Gulf policy
In a surprising eruption of candor that spoiled the united
front of determined public optimism at the four-day conference,
Delaware Gov. Castle told his fellow governors: "The Republican
Party didn't do all that well in last month's elections. "
He was stating for the first time what had been a seething
private anger among many colleagues over the way Mr. Bush, budget
director Darman and Chief of Staff Sununu handled last summer's
budget negotiations and the October cave-in by the President on new
taxes.
There was also some privately expressed distress over the
administration's support for a new civil rights bill, special
rights for the handicapped and costly clean air regulations
The governors were particularly bitter about two things. One
was the national party's inability to get the Republican message
out coherently and effectively enough to rout the Democrats from
Congress.
The other was that Congress insists on legislating
responsibility onto the backs of the states and then tells them:
Go find the revenue to pay for these things yourself.
(Ralph Hallow, Washington Times, A4)
TOTOM-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-14
BUSH REAPPOINTS CLARKE AS COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY
President Bush, brushing aside objections by Chief of Staff
Sununu, nominated Robert Clarke on Tuesday to a second five-year
term as U.S. comptroller of the currency
Clarke issued a lengthy statement in which he voiced
appreciation of Bush's support of him and also appeared to answer
Sununu's criticism.
"I appreciate the President's expression of confidence," said
Clarke.
"I look forward to the confirmation hearings before the
Senate," he said, adding: "This is an extremely difficult time for
lenders, borrowers and bank regulators."
(Thomas
Ferraro,
UPI)
INFLUENTIAL TRADE GROUP PREDICTS A RECESSION
NEW YORK -- A prominent trade group predicts the nation will
dip into a recession next year but says export growth and a strong
dollar will brighten the economy by next summer.
The National Association of Purchasing Management issued its
semiannual forecast Tuesday
The trade group, which is composed of purchasing managers at
manufacturing companies nationwide and conducts regular research
on the economy, reported its members were "extremely pessimistic"
about the economy for the first half of 1991.
However, "purchasers expect a recovery to begin in the later
half of the year fueled by continued relatively strong growth in
exports and a declining trend in inflation," said Robert Bretz,
chairman of the associations's business survey committee.
(Rob Wells, AP)
MODERATE DEMOCRATS TRYING TO GROW GRASS ROOTS
Leadership Conference, Launching New Chapters,
Hopes To 'Build a Network' For 1992
Five years after it was founded as a Washington "safe house"
for moderate Democrats, the Democratic Leadership Conference is
making its first serious effort to convert itself into a grass-
roots organization.
Arkansas Gov. Clinton, the new DLC chairman, has spent the
last five days with DLC President Al From launching new chapters
of the organization in Kentucky, the Carolinas, Alabama,
Mississippi and Texas. The goal, From said, is to have at least
20 chapter when the organization holds iis convention in Cleveland
in May and to reach another 20 by the end of the year.
Clinton and From said the DLC would retain its focus on
issues, rather than become a vehicle for anyone's campaign. But
From added, "We hope to build a network of people who might not
have been involved in Democratic [presidential] primaries, an
alternative infrastructure for the candidate or candidates
delivering the message we hope the Democrats will emphasize in
1992.
"
From said another goal of the grass-roots drive is to shift
DLC financing, which has been criticized as being overly dependent
on Washington lobbyists, to a mass membership base.
(David Broder, Washington Post, A7)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- A-15
EDITOR'S NOTES: "30 Governors Expected to Face Budget Deficits,"
by Gwen Ifill, appears in the Washington Post, A6.
"Kicks Are For Kids At The White House [diplomatic childrens'
party], H by Donnie Radcliffe, appears in the Washington Post, G1.
"White House Shows Spirit," by Frank Murray, appears in the
Washington Times, A3.
"Sununu Predicts A Taxing War With Hill," " by Frank Murray, appears
in the Washington Times, A4.
"$4 Billion Loss Seen By F.D.I.C.," by Stephen Labaton, appears in
the New York Times, D1.
-End of A-Section-
NETWORK NEWS
(Tuesday Evening, December 11)
SHAMIR, SHEVARDNADZE
NBC's Tom Brokaw: Nothing is ever easy when it comes to the Middle
East, and it's almost never as it appears to be in public. That
was especially clear today when President Bush met with Prime
Minister Shamir at the White House, a meeting that comes as U.S.-
Israeli relations are deeply strained and as the standoff with
Saddam Hussein is entering a delicate stage.
NBC's John Cochran: Anyone hoping for a big fight between
President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir has to be disappointed.
Both men decided if there was a fight, the only winner would be
Saddam Hussein.
(TV Coverage: President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir seated in
the Oval Office.)
President Bush sent the first signal that this was the time to put
up a united front.
(President Bush: "I want to give a warm welcome to the prime
minister here.")
So warm was the welcome that Bush did not even mention their
differences over the so-called Temple Mount massacre two months
ago, when Israeli police fired on Palestinians who had thrown
stones. Twenty Palestinians were killed. The U.S. voted for U.N.
resolutions condemning Israel's use of gunfire. But today, Bush
and Shamir talked of other U.N. resolutions -- those condemning
Saddam Hussein. Bush promised he would keep the Gulf crisis
separate from Israel's conflict with the Palestinians. And Shamir,
for his part, did not repeat Israel's warning that Bush must
destroy Saddam's military power.
(TV Coverage: Shamir standing at podium outside West wing lobby.)
(Shamir: "I trust the President. What he said, he said it several
times, and said it to me now again -- that there will not be any
deal at the expense of Israel.")
White House officials were stunned that Shamir was so cooperative.
And Shamir had another surprise. He will meet Foreign Minister
Shevardnadze in Washington this week. Today, Shevardnadze was with
Secretary Baker.
(TV Coverage: Secretary Baker and Shevardnadze seated at table.)
Shevardnadze said Moscow has high hopes for Baker's trip to
Baghdad, probably in early January.
(Shevardnadze: "The sooner contacts materialize between the United
States and Iraqi leadership, the better it will be.")
Today, an Arab nation, Algeria, jumped into the Gulf crisis as a
potential peacemaker.
(TV Coverage: Algerian President Benjadid shaking hands with King
Hussein at airport.)
President Benjadid stopped in Jordan on his way to Baghdad. U.S.
officials regard Algeria as a diplomatic heavyweight because of its
help in negotiating the release of American hostages in Iran almost
10 years ago. [One] note: Chief of Staff Sununu said today that
Iraq seems to be moving in a slightly more positive direction.
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-2
Brokaw discusses the Shamir meeting with Cochran.
Brokaw: That meeting between the President and Shamir, all those
smiles. What happens, however, once the Gulf crisis is resolved?
Cochran: Well, this thing has been moved on just to the back
burner. Prime Minister Shamir did say that once the Gulf crisis
is over, he will work toward peace with the Palestinians. But no
one here at the White House knows what that means. They know there
will be tough days ahead with Shamir, but they think that now is
not the time to fight that fight.
(NBC-Lead)
CBS's Dan Rather: Foreign Minister Shevardnadze urged the U.S. to
make a last-ditch effort to avert war in the Gulf. Talking with
Secretary Baker, he also lined up behind the U.S. demand for an
early meeting in Baghdad between Baker and Saddam Hussein.
CBS's Bill Plante reports there is still no date for that proposed
meeting, and Baker all but accused Iraq of stalling because they
have yet to offer any date earlier than Jan. 12. And Baker says
the U.S. has suggested any date between Dec. 20 and Jan. 3, while
Iraq has offered only one.
(TV Coverage: Secretary Baker and Shevardnadse seated at table.)
(Secretary Baker: "It's pretty hard to have a meeting unless both
sides agree with respect to when and where the meeting is to be
held.")
Foreign Minister Shevardnadze says Moscow supports the U.S.
position in the Gulf, and places great hope in the coming talks.
But Shevardnadze totally ruled out any Soviet troop commitment to
the multinational force in the Gulf.
(Shevardnadze: "I can tell you that this option is not under
consideration, and that this option is non-existent.")
In Baghdad, only 15 Americans showed up at the airport to be
evacuated, and officials think everyone who wished to leave Iraq
and Kuwait has now done SO. The long-suffering staff of the U.S.
Embassy in Kuwait is expected to leave Thursday.
(State Department spokesman Boucher: "We plan one more flight on
Thursday, to make doubly sure that that is the case. And we
anticipate that that will be our last U.S.-chartered evacuation
flight.")
Baker and Shevardnadze are going to leave Houston for Washington
tonight, where Shevardnadze sees the President tomorrow to talk
about, among other things, economic aid and food aid for the Soviet
Union. Bush is expected to be receptive. Something else that will
come up tomorrow: A START treaty.
Rather discusses the meetings with Plante.
Rather: Where does all this leave the possibility of a Bush-
Gorbachev summit?
Plante: They've wanted one in January, but that's effectively been
put off, we believe. From what everybody tells us they don't want
it to get in the way of the Gulf deadline of Jan. 15. (CBS-Lead)
Rather: The Gulf cituation has added to the distance and distrust
between President Bush and America's main ally in the Mideast,
Israel.
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-3
CBS's Wyatt Andrews:
(TV Coverage: President Bush, Prime Minister Shamir seated in Oval
Office.)
(President Bush: "I want to give a warm welcome to the prime
minister here.")
With all the flavor of a shake-hands-and-be-friends reconciliation,
President Bush and Yitzhak Shamir ended their year-long
estrangement today: By all accounts, a love-fest both sides saw
as overdue.
(TV Coverage: Shamir standing at podium outside West Wing lobby.)
(Prime Minister Shamir: "And this meeting, I think, will announce
further the special relationship, the friendship, between the
United States and Israel.")
Shamir was euphoric, because the President was non-confrontational.
Officials say the October violence at Jerusalem's Temple Mount
never even came up. Also ignored: Shamir's previous rejections
of U.S. efforts to broker peace with the Palestinians. Bush wanted
to reach new understandings on the Gulf with Israel, and the big
one was this: Israel will moderate its own threats against Iraq,
so as not to complicate U.S.-Arab teamwork while the U.S. promises
not to settle this crisis with any Arab arrangement harmful to
Israel.
(Shamir: "And he said it to me now again, that there will not be
any deal at the expense of Israel.")
(TV Coverage: Protests outside of White House north gate;
protesters chanting, "stop the Killing! stop the crime! Israel
out of Palestine!")
The President did warn Shamir that Israel needs new answers to the
Palestinian question. But there were no concrete promises demanded
or offered in return -- except that Shamir would take it up again
after the crisis. Still, if the past is any guide, both these
leaders will only see what they want to in this meeting. The U.S.
will see renewed Israeli cooperation in the Gulf and vague new
promises on the peace process. But Shamir, once again on speaking
terms at the White House, can interpret new license to postpone the
Palestinian question until after the Gulf crisis is resolved.
(CBS-4)
ABC's Peter Jennings: We begin tonight by clearing up some of the
confusion that has lingered about the fate of Americans in Iraq and
Kuwait ever since the summer. The State Department has never been
precise about how many Americans it believed were, in essence,
trapped behind the lines. But today, when a plane showed up to
bring out what was believed to be several hundred more, only 15
chose to leave. More than 500 chose to stay -- 310 in Kuwait, 200
in Iraq. Some may be Iraqis or Kuwaitis who are also American
citizens; 294 are children. Which means, according to the State
Department, there are only 17 Americans left who wish to leave -
- and they will apparently do so tomorrow or Thursday. The release
of all the hostages is supposed to clear the way for the U.S. and
the Iraqi leadership to sit down and talk. But the U.S. is having
a hard time getting the date it wants for the Secretary of State
to visit Baghdad. Both the Secretary and the Soviet Foreign
Minister are frustrated.
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-4
ABC's John McWethy reports that after two days of meetings, it is
clear the U.S. and Soviet Union are continuing to deal with the
Gulf crisis as partners.
(TV Coverage: Secretary Baker, Foreign Minister Shevardnadse
seated at table.)
Both Secretary Baker and Foreign Minister Shevardnadze expressed
frustration at Iraq's insistence that Baker not come to Baghdad
until just three days before the January 15th deadline imposed by
the U.N. Security Council. That's too late, Baker says.
(Secretary Baker: "It's pretty hard to have a meeting unless both
sides agree with respect to when and where the meeting is to be
held.")
Shevardnadze backed him up, saying the sooner Baker goes to
Baghdad, the better.
(Shevardnadze: "We pin much hope on the coming contacts between
Secretary Baker and President Bush and the Iraqi leadership.")
But Shevardnadze left no doubt that if there is fighting in the
Gulf, the Soviet Union will not be part of it.
(Shevardnadze: "As to Soviets' involvement in a military
operation, I can tell you that this option is not under
consideration, and that this option is non-existent.")
But even without Soviet troops in the Gulf, the Bush Administration
is delighted with Moscow's continued support for what the U.S. is
doing -- so delighted that when Shevardnadze meets with President
Bush tomorrow in Washington, a special emergency package of food
and medical supplies are expected to be announced.
(ABC-Lead)
Jennings: In Washington today, a rare visit from the man with the
lowest profile in the Gulf crisis -- Prime Minister Shamir. With
the Bush Administration concentrating on holding the coalition of
Arab nations together against Iraq, Israel has been reasonably
quiet. But restless.
ABC's Brit Hume:
(TV Coverage: President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir seated in
Oval Office.)
The Israeli prime minister's relations with the Bush Administration
have been chilly. But both sides had reason to avoid disagreement
today. Shamir wanted assurances Israel's security would not be
neglected in any settlement of the Gulf situation. The
Administration wanted assurances Israel would not act against Iraq
on its own.
(President Bush: "I want to give a warm welcome to the prime
minister here, and say I'm delighted that he's back here for these
talks.")
It was the warmest greeting Shamir had ever gotten from Bush, and
it was reciprocated by Shamir as he left, praising the President's
handling of the Gulf crisis.
(TV Coverage: Shamir at podium outside of West wing lobby.)
(Shamir: "I must say that we have been delighted to express our
full support for the leadership of the President.")
Shamir said the President had praised Israel's low profile in the
Gulf, which Washington considers essential to Arab participation
in the anti-Iraq coalition. And Shamir said he got the promise he
wanted, and he believed it.
(Shamir: "I trust the President. What he said, he said it several
times, and he said it to me now again -- that there will not be any
deal at the expense of Israel.")
-more-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-5
Hume continues: U.S. officials said the two leaders had either
glossed over or ignored most areas of potential disagreement. They
said Bush did raise his continued objections to Israeli settlements
in the occupied territories. Shamir responded to that, they said,
by explaining that Israel is having difficulty finding any place
to settle new waves of mostly Soviet immigrants. A disagreement
there, perhaps, but for today, a muted one.
(ABC-3)
ISRAEL/SOVIET JEWS
ABC's Dean Reynolds reports on the problems of overcrowding caused
by the recent huge influx of Soviet Jewish immigrants to Israel.
One government official said Israel has failed to prepare for the
influx. Next year Israel will spend $5 billion on the immigrants.
But $30-60 billion more is needed over the next five years. That's
really why Prime Minister Shamir is in the U.S. He is trying to
drum up donations from private sources, and new loan guarantees
from the White House. But Shamir's political opponents accuse him
of trying to get something from the Bush Administration without
doing anything about the Palestinian problem.
(ABC-4)
GULF/HOSTAGES
NBC's Mike Boettcher reports that three flights delivered all the
foreigners who wanted to escape Kuwait; only three Americans were
among them. A few more may follow in the coming days.
(Joe wilson, acting U.S. Ambassador: "I swear to God I hope that
this is the last time that my generation and my children's
generation ever have to face the specter of being taken against
their will.")
(NBC-3, CBS-2)
GULF/PENTAGON
Jennings reports the Pentagon says Iraq has deployed another 20,000
troops in and around Kuwait, and the French government said today
it will send another 4,000 troops to the Gulf. This means Iraq
will have about half a million troops in the region, compared with
about 480,000 from the nations allied against Iraq.
(ABC-2)
Brokaw reports the Pentagon announced the Bush Administration will
soon be asking allies for more money to support the Gulf buildup.
U.S. officials say Iraq added more troops this week, putting their
total over 500,000.
(NBC-2)
GULF/KUWAITIS
CBS's Peter Van Sant reports Kuwait's leaders in exile are eager
for combat to begin in the Gulf, in order to liberate their people.
(Sheik Saada1-Abdullah al-Sabah, crown prince of Kuwait: "All the
Kuwaiti people are ready to fight.")
(Abdulah Abishar, official: "The Iraqi regime is a disgrace to
human civilization. It should not be on the face of this globe.")
From their luxury-hotel retreat, Kuwait's leaders talk tough. But
few Kuwaitis have volunteered to fight for their country: 300,000
Kuwaitis are in Saudi Arabia, and fewer than 7,000 have joined the
army, the poorest equipped and prepared in the Saudi desert. Many
Kuwaitis believe the U.S. should go to war because it owes Kuwait
a favor: Kuwaitis sheltered Americans in hiding.
(CBS-3)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-6
GULF/AIR ATTACK
ABC's Bill Redeker, using video of U.S. forces in training,
outlines what many military analysts, including ABC's Anthony
Cordesman, former military operations planner James Blackwell, and
Ret. Col. Harry Summers, believe is one credible scenario for an
American air attack in the Gulf. Results? In less than a week,
according to the plan, the U.S. wins the battle in the air. If
Saddam refuses to give up, Allied forces must wage a combined air
and land offensive, which would be much more difficult and bloody,
in order to win the war.
(ABC-14)
FOOD/SOVIETS
Brokaw: Food aid for the Soviet Union. The White House may unveil
a plan as early as tomorrow. How bad is the problem? The World
Council of Churches says about 100,000 people are affected by an
acute food shortage in Moscow alone.
NBC's Jim Maceda reports some Soviet food shopkeepers don't believe
international food aid will help; bureaucracy will just get in the
way. Many potential donors, including the U.S. government, are
asking if aid will get to the really needy. Four problems scare
donors away: Black marketeering and pilfering; panic buying; a
distribution system breaking down completely; and political
sabotage by opponents of President Gorbachev's reforms. (NBC-4)
KGB
Jennings reports the head of the KGB went on television to warn
that foreign groups are supporting extremist radicals trying to
undermine public order. No specific groups were named. (ABC-5)
Brokaw reports the KGB head vowed to prevent the country's collapse
and preserve its transition to democracy, and to "formally guard
security, legality, law and order."
(NBC-5)
SOVIET GEORGIA
Jennings reports that a semi-autonomous region in Soviet Georgia
declared itself free from the main republic. But the Georgian
parliament said today it is imposing central rule on the region in
a bid to stop the rebellion.
(ABC-6)
ALBANIA
Jennings reports Albania announced opposition political parties
will soon be legalized for the first time.
(ABC-7)
S. AFRICA
Brokaw reports at least 37 people were killed in a new explosion
of tribal violence in South Africa today.
(NBC-6)
TRADE DEFICIT
Brokaw reports that the U.S. trade deficit is now almost $26
billion, the biggest imbalance this year.
(NBC-10)
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- B-7
BANK EARNINGS
Jennings: Another warning about the health of the banking
industry: The earnings of commercial banks in the third quarter
of this year were down 29 percent from the previous three months.
Federal regulators say that means the fund which guarantees bank
deposits will sink to its lowest level ever, and may force the
banks to kick more money into the fund.
(ABC-12)
TRADE/COMMENTARY
NBC's John Chancellor reports that the last-minute scuttling of the
trade talks by the Europeans, who gave in to the demands of their
subsidized farmers and then blamed the U.S., blurs the vision of
the new world order that President Bush has spoken of. This could
lead to decades of protectionism and endanger cooperation with EC.
The world desperately needs market freedom and increased trade, but
the Europeans slammed the door.
(NBC-11)
TOBACCO/YOUTH
ABC's Bill Greenwood reports that the Tobacco Industry said today
it doesn't want young people to light up.
(Brennan Dawson, Tobacco Institute: "If another child never picks
up a cigarette, that would be fine with the cigarette industry.")
Industry ads in today's major newspapers support a minimum legal
age requirement of 18 or older, and restricted access to vending
machines. The industry is also providing a brochure to help teens
deal with peer pressure. But the industry never says smoking is
unhealthy. Congress and several states are considering legislation
which could hurt the industry by banning vending machines and
forbidding tobacco companies from sponsoring sporting events. The
industry denies it is trying to head off new laws. One critic says
by giving an inch today, cigarette makers could delay new
regulations for a decade.
(ABC-8, CBS-6)
HEART VALVE
Jennings reports the Pfizer company said today some heart valves
received by about 23,000 people during open heart surgery before
1986 could be defective and could break without warning.
ABC's George strait reports that in 1986, the FDA ordered the
manufacturer to stop implanting new devices, and to warn recipients
and their doctors. But only now, four years later, is the company
launching the notification process. The FDA says the slick
information package sent to heart surgeons looks like junk mail
instead of an urgent medical warning.
(ABC-9)
AIR BAGS
NBC's Robert Hager reports that with almost 5 million airbags in
U.S. cars, lives are being saved and there are no reports of big
problems. The Transportation Department believes airbags have
already saved at least 200 lives.
(NBC-8)
-End of News Summary-
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Gampy,
Thank you 50 much
for taking time to:
I
take a picture with
were rushing out
my babysitter when you
AND
(
shaking hands with
the students from the
Capital Children's Museum
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
unexpectedly when you
arrived at the North Portico
I truly do appreciate
it you're a special guy
I love you,
mangaret
Bush Library Photocopy
Miscellaneous Handwriting
Presidential Phone Calls
DATE: 12-12-90
8 AM
TIME:
incoming/outgoing
WITH: Sec. Cavazos
SUBJECT: resignation -
talk to John last nite
Dec. 15th effective
table Satude
appreciated your support
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
FOLLOW UP:
None
I offer him any
help
He's a bigmen
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
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From George Bush to Patty Re: CFC (1 pp.)
12/12/90
C
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12/12/90
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Dear Dich
Dear Colin
Dan Tenhins
S
fruel - author
Bush Presidential. Library Photocopy
her his fuger on
the pulse of
the gross roots -
in cuturly in South
osw. 5
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
12/12/90
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
You my recall
his books
Semi- Tbugh etc
Augway he has
nice things to say
about you. Hes
Bush ush Presidential Library Presidential Library Photocopy
even pleasant
about we.
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
THE WHITE HOUSE 12/12/90
WASHINGTON
copy of
Dav Jenhuis
letter to
DC+CP
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P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
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P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
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personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
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C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
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PRM Removed as a personal record misfile
TALKING POINTS FOR THE CABINET MEETING
December 11, 1990
I. PRAYER
Secretary Mosbacher
II. INTRODUCTION
Cavazoz
I have two items to mention at the beginning:
First, I want to acknowledge the fine work of our team
in Brussels at the Uruguay Round meetings. Carla Hills,
Bob Mosbacher, Clayton Yeutter, Rod D'Arment, Roger
Porter and many others -- including State, Treasury and
Transportation officials -- did a superb negotiating job.
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
2
Of course we were disappointed at not being able to
overcome the agriculture problem. As I said from the
outset, however, I would rather have no deal than a poor
deal.
I have asked our team to report back to me on where we
go from here, but I hope we can find a way to restart the
negotiations.
I also want to mention briefly the 1990 Combined
Federal Campaign, which wraps up in January. Manuel
Lujan has done an excellent job of heading this very
important effort.
3
o
Later today he will announce that the CFC has already
raised $27 million -- over 87 percent of our 1990 goal.
Please do all you can at your department to help us go
over the top in the next few weeks.
III. GULF UPDATE
0
Since our last Cabinet Meeting I have been on the road
quite a bit internationally. First in Prague, in Paris for
the CFE Treaty and CSCE conference, and the Persian
Gulf at Thanksgiving. Then with President Salinas in
Mexico and last week to South America.
[You may wish to share with the Cabinet your
observations about this travel]
4
Also in the interval we had the terribly important U.N
vote on the use of force, and our diplomatic offer for
meetings that I assure you will not be negotiating
sessions. And now the encouraging release of the
hostages.
I must say that I am very encouraged by the strength of
the international community's resistance to Saddam
Hussein's aggression. We do need to shore up
Congressional support.
In addition, we are working to sharpen and closely
coordinate our communications efforts. Dave Demarest
is heading up a new communications task force that
includes interagency participation.
5
o
I am not trying to mint a legion of foreign policy
spokesmen, but I do think it is important that each of
you has a clear understanding of the fundamentals --
what is at stake in the Gulf, what we are trying to
achieve, and where we stand.
I am grateful for any help you can give me in getting our
basic message to the American people in your speeches
and public appearances.
Jim Baker returned this morning from meetings in
Houston with Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze. I
have asked Jim to lead off with a Gulf status report.
6
o
Dick, do you have an update about our forces in the
region? Colin?
Jim Watkins is also recently back from the region and
sent me a valuable report on his energy discussions.
Jim, is there anything you would add?
o
Brent, anything from NSC? Fred, anything you would
add about the Congressional angle?
7
IV. DOMESTIC POLICY, STATE OF THE UNION AND
POLITICAL UPDATE
o
John is going to give us a preliminary overview of where
we are headed domestically with the State of the Union
and the domestic agenda. He also has a brief political
update.
# # #
:
And as I told the American people, if we must
use force, and again while I hope we won't, it
will be decisive. There will be no more
Vietnams in any sense.
Last, just let me add that I am extremely
happy that we have the hostages back. But no
one should think for a memoment that this
lessens my determination to succeed. It does
not, and we will succeed.
Persian Gulf Talking Points for Cabinet Meeting
I just wanted to begin with a few words on the
situation in the Gulf.
:
As Dick Cheney will be able to tell you, we
continue to put into place military forces
that would be needed to give us a decisive
capability.
And thanks to Jim Baker's efforts, we also
have in place 12 Security Council Resolutions,
including the last one, 678, that authorizes
us to use all necessary means to bring about
full and unconditional Iraqi withdrawal from
Kuwait.
The interntional coalition remains strong. We
are having a bit more difficulty on the home
front, but I remain confident that we will not
be constrained from doing what we must. I
only hope that Saddam does not conclude from
CNN and the hearings that we are too weak and
divided to act. If he does, it will be a
serious mistake on his part.
It is my hope that we won't have to go to war,
and that these twin preparations will persuade
Saddam to get out. I will also use the
upcoming meeting here with Foreign Minister
Aziz to bring home the point that Iraq faces
devastating destruction unless it complies
fully with the UN demands.
:
If we succeed, we will face the challenge of
ensuring that Iraq cannot threaten its
neighbors again. I am not interested in
returning to the status quo ante. We will
need to take steps to strengthen our friends
and we will need to keep in place sanctions
designed to limit Iraqi conventional and
unconventional capabilities.
STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT
4PM Roy JAB Gardi shed -FonMingB
I HAVE JUST HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS WITH FOREIGN MINISTER
12-12
SHEVARDNADZE A NUMBER OF ISSUES IN U.S.-SOVIET RELATIONS, INCLUDING
OUR COOPERATION IN THE GULF. I AM PLEASED WITH THE GREAT PROGRESS
WE HAVE MADE ON START, AND HOPEFUL THAT WE WILL BE READY TO SIGN
A TREATY AT A SUMMIT IN MOSCOW ON FEBRUARY 12-13. WE ALSO TALKED
AT LENGTH ABOUT THE SITUATION IN THE SOVIET UNION AND THE RESPONSE
OF THE UNITED STATES TO THE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS THERE. I ASKED
MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE TO CONVEY TO PRESIDENT GORBACHEV MY DESIRE
TO
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
- 2 -
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
RESPOND BOTH TO THE SHORT-TERM NEEDS OF THE
SOVIET UNION AND TO CONTRIBUTE TO
FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMIC REFORM.
WE DISCUSSED FRANKLY THE RELATIONSHIP OF
ECONOMIC CHANGE IN THE SOVIET UNION TO THE
CRITICAL TASK OF DEMOCRATIZATION. I
REITERATED OUR STRONG DESIRE TO SEE BOTH
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REFORM CONTINUE
BECAUSE THEY ARE INEXTRICABLY LINKED.
I OUTLINED SPECIFIC AND IMPORTANT STEPS
THAT WE ARE WILLING TO TAKE IN SUPPORT OF
REFORM I TOLD MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE THAT
After consulting closely w/ Sec. Ventter, , as well as Secretaries Baker and Brady,
- 3 -
I AM PREPARED TO RESPOND TO A SOVIET
REQUEST FOR CREDIT GUARANTEES FOR PURCHASE
OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES THROUGH A
WAIVER OF THE JACKSON-VANIK AMENDMENT.
WHILE I HAVE TAKEN THIS STEP, I STILL LOOK
FORWARD TO PASSAGE OF A SOVIET EMIGRATION
LAW CODIFYING THE GENERALLY EXCELLENT
PRACTICES OF THE PAST YEAR. THIS WILL
PERMIT US TO MAKE FURTHER PROGRESS TOWARD
THE NORMALIZATION OF THE U.S.-SOVIET
ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP.
IN ADDITION, WE HAVE PROPOSED TO THE
SOVIETS A SPECIAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
- 4 -
PROJECT TO HELP IN ASSESSING THEIR FOOD
DISTRIBUTION PROBLEM AND TO SUPPORT MARKET
REFORMS.
I WILL ALSO AUTHORIZE A JOINT PUBLIC-
PRIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE EFFORT TO HELP
THE SOVIET UNION COPE WITH IMMEDIATE
SHORTAGES OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND BASIC
MEDICAL SUPPLIES.
IN THE LONGER TERM, ONLY STEPS THAT THE
SOVIET UNION ITSELF TAKES CAN ASSURE ITS
ECONOMIC HEALTH. THUS, TO PROMOTE
FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMIC REFORM, I WILL PROPOSE
THAT THE WORLD BANK AND IMF WORK OUT WITH
- 5 -
THE SOVIET UNION A SPECIAL ASSOCIATION TO
GIVE THE USSR ACCESS TO THE CONSIDERABLE
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EXPERTISE OF THOSE
INSTITUTIONS. I HAVE ASKED SECRETARY OF
THE TREASURY BRADY, AS U.S. GOVERNOR OF
BOTH INSTITUTIONS, TO PURSUE THIS PROPOSAL
WITH THEM AND WITH OUR ALLIES.
AS I HAVE SAID BEFORE, I WANT PERESTROIKA
TO SUCCEED. THE SOVIET UNION IS FACING
DIFFICULT TIMES. BUT I BELIEVE THAT THIS
IS A GOOD REASON TO ACT NOW IN ORDER TO
HELP THE SOVIET UNION STAY THE COURSE OF
DEMOCRATIZATION AND TO UNDERTAKE MARKET
- 6 -
REFORMS. THE UNITED STATES HAS AN INTEREST
IN A SOVIET UNION ABLE TO PLAY A ROLE AS A
FULL AND PROSPEROUS MEMBER OF THE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY OF STATES. I AM
HOPEFUL THAT THESE INITIATIVES WILL FURTHER
THAT GOAL.
STATEMENT OF EDUCATION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
THE SECRETARY
December 12, 1990
The President
The White House
Washington, DC 20500
Dear Mr. President:
I, Lauro F. Cavazos, hereby resign as United States Secretary of
Education, effective close of business, December 15, 1990.
I appreciate the opportunity to work with the Administration in
helping to further its goals toward excellence in education. I
am especially proud of the contributions I was able to make in
expanding choice in education, promoting the Executive Order on
Excellence in Education for Hispanic Americans, and raising
awareness of the growing diversity of America's student
population.
I have only the greatest expectations and highest hopes that each
child in America will be educated to his or her fullest
potential.
Respectfully,
Lauro
Lauro F. Cavazos
400 MARYLAND AVE., S.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20202-0100
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS
December 12, 1990
To:
The President
From:
Mike Boskin mps
Re:
November Retail Sales
Retail sales fell 0.1 percent in
November even before accounting for
inflation. This is roughly what was
expected. Real consumer spending will be
down considerably in the fourth quarter. As
I have been saying for some time, I expect
the current quarter to be the worst decline
in GNP. There are likely to be another one
or two quarters of slightly negative growth,
but not as bad as the fourth quarter
downturn.
Michael J. Boskin
Chairman
THE CHAIRMAN OF THE
COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS
WASHINGTON
December 12, 1990
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
MICHAEL J. BOSKIN Mps
SUBJECT:
November Retail Sales, Commerce Department
Release, Tomorrow, 8:30 a.m.
Retail sales fell 0.1 percent in November, following a 0.2
percent rise in October. November's decline was smaller than the
0.5 percent decline predicted by private analysts. Compared with
November 1989, sales were up 3.4 percent, but were down after
adjusting for inflation.
Sales of durable goods fell 1.4 percent in November, led by
declines in autos and building materials, hardware, garden
supplies and mobile homes. Sales of furniture and household
equipment rose 0.3 percent, after declining in October.
Nondurable goods sales rose 0.5 percent with most categories
showing increases. Food and apparel sales rose in November,
after declining in October. Sales at gasoline service stations
rose 0.7 percent after October's sharp 2.6 percent rise. The
rise in gasoline sales over the last few months mostly reflects
the run-up in gasoline prices, and is not a sign of consumer
spending strength.
TOTAL RETAIL SALES
RETAIL SALES EX AUTOMOTIVE
1830
122.0
182.0
121.0
151.0
120.0
150.0
119.0
148.0
118.0
148.0
117.0
BILLIONS OF DOLLARS
147.0
116.0
144.0
115.0
148.0
144.0
to SHOTTING
114.0
143.0
113.0
1420
1120
141.0
111.0
140.0
110.0
138.0
100.0
138.0
108.0
NOV ⑉
MAR
-
AL
⑉
NOV
as
MAR so
JUL so
NOV so
NOV ⑉
MAR
a
JL 80
NOV se
MAR so
JUL so
NOV so
THE WHITE HOUSE
12/12/90
WASHINGTON
sevel no from
Letter Dan Tenkins Jen
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
JENKINS
Dear Mr. President-
job Cheney, Powell and Baker are doing. With men like
What a great job you are doing and what a great
all of you, how can America fail to do the right thing?
tell you what a pleasure it is to see Cheney and Powell
As your basic average guy watching C-Spann, I can't
speaking directly, quickly, honestly and with all the
facts at hand to the armed services committee. This in
conversion. ing to explain why he did or did not go for a twe-point
contrast to the Keating hearing, where everybody is try-
The last time my wife saw me, I was at the typewriter,
The last time you saw me, I was on a golf course.
and still am, chained to it, trying to finish new
novel. The title is YOU GOTTA PLAY HURT (not my a bad
title for your job) and it's about a year in the life
of a sportswriter. Funny as hell, if you want the
press early next fall.
truth, and you will receive the first copy off the
Meanwhile, I hope you realize that you are in
serious danger of being a great President.
I guess it's the price we have to pay.
If this is doing a lot of damage to your golf,
despite the silly old world out there.
June and I hope you and Barbara have happy holidays
Warm regards,
Dan
HANUKKAH CEREMONY \ ROOM 450
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1990 \ 11:30 A.M.
THANK YOU, RABBIS, FOR THE GIFT OF THIS LOVELY
MENORAH. AND IT'S WONDERFUL TO SEE THAT THE STUDENTS
OF GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL COULD JOIN US TODAY TO SING
FOR US. BARBARA AND I -- AS WELL AS THE VICE PRESIDENT
AND MRS. QUAYLE -- WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME EVERYONE TO
THE WHITE HOUSE FOR THE SECOND YEAR OF OUR WHITE HOUSE
HANUKKAH CELEBRATIONS.
- 2 -
HANUKKAH IS A HOLIDAY OF HOPE, FOR IT SHOWS US THE
GLORY OF GOD IN OUR OWN LIVES AND THE POWER OF MIRACLES
IN THE WORLD. LAST YEAR AT THIS CEREMONY, WE SPOKE OF
OUR EFFORTS TO HELP VLADIMIR RAIZ [RY-EEZ] AND OTHER
BRAVE REFUSENIKS LEAVE THE SOVIET UNION. By PASSOVER,
HE WAS A FREE MAN.
BUT THE STORY DOESN'T STOP THERE -- IN ADDITION TO
ZEV RAIZ, MORE THAN 150,000 SOVIET JEWS EMIGRATED THIS
YEAR, TO NEW HOMES AND NEW LIVES OF LIBERTY AND
DIGNITY.
- 3 -
IN FACT, I UNDERSTAND TWO CHILDREN WITH US TODAY
FROM THE GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL, LIDIA [LID-JA]
SHESTOPALOVA [SHESS-TOE-PA-LOW-VA] AND ALEX VEYTSMAN
[VITES-MAN] HAVE RECENTLY ARRIVED FROM THE SOVIET
UNION. As WE WELCOME YOU TO THIS COUNTRY, WE CONTINUE
TO PRAY FOR ALL THOSE STILL SEEKING FREEDOM.
- 4 -
THE ANCIENT STORY OF THE FIRST HANUKKAH IS ONE OF
VICTORY OVER PERSECUTION, AGGRESSION, AND INTOLERANCE
-- BUT THE STRUGGLE HAS CONTINUED FOR YOUR PEOPLE
THROUGH THE CENTURIES. IN FACT, THE FIRST WAVE OF
JEWISH IMMIGRANTS CAME TO THIS COUNTRY - -- AS EARLY AS
1654 -- TO LIVE A LIFE FREE FROM INTOLERANCE AND
PERSECUTION.
- 5 -
Two HUNDRED YEARS AGO, GEORGE WASHINGTON WROTE A
LETTER TO A JEWISH CONGREGATION IN NEWPORT, RHODE
ISLAND, IN WHICH HE SAID THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
WOULD GIVE "To BIGOTRY NO SANCTION, TO PERSECUTION NO
ASSISTANCE." IN THIS NEW COUNTRY, WASHINGTON SAID,
"EVERY ONE SHALL SIT IN SAFETY UNDER HIS OWN VINE AND
FIG TREE, AND THERE SHALL BE NONE TO MAKE HIM AFRAID."
THESE WORDS EMBODY THE AMERICAN IDEAL OF FREEDOM OF
WORSHIP, AN IDEAL THAT WE REAFFIRM HERE TODAY AND THAT
WE PASS ON TO THE GENERATIONS TO FOLLOW US.
- 6 -
I UNDERSTAND THESE CHILDREN ARE READY TO SING FOR
US, AND I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO IT. ONE WORD OF
WARNING: I WAS PRETTY GOOD LAST YEAR WITH THE
DREYDEL -- PURELY BEGINNER'S LUCK. THIS YEAR, HOWEVER,
I'VE BEEN PRACTICING.
So LET'S HEAR A FEW SONGS AND THEN, I'LL TAKE ON
ALL COMERS. // AGAIN, THANK YOU FOR COMING TO THE
WHITE HOUSE, AND THANKS TO THE GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL
FOR ENTERTAINING US. HAPPY HANUKKAH TO EVERYONE.
# # #
HANUKKAH CEREMONY \ ROOM 450
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1990 \ 11:30 A.M.
THANK YOU, RABBIS, FOR THE GIFT OF THIS LOVELY
MENORAH. AND IT'S WONDERFUL TO SEE THAT THE STUDENTS
OF GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL COULD JOIN US TODAY TO SING
FOR US. BARBARA AND I -- AS WELL AS THE VICE PRESIDENT
AND MRS. QUAYLE -- WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME EVERYONE TO
THE WHITE HOUSE FOR THE SECOND YEAR OF OUR WHITE HOUSE
HANUKKAH CELEBRATIONS.
- 2 -
HANUKKAH IS A HOLIDAY OF HOPE, FOR IT SHOWS US THE
GLORY OF GOD IN OUR OWN LIVES AND THE POWER OF MIRACLES
IN THE WORLD. LAST YEAR AT THIS CEREMONY, WE SPOKE OF
OUR EFFORTS TO HELP VLADIMIR RAIZ [RY-EEZ] AND OTHER
BRAVE REFUSENIKS LEAVE THE SOVIET UNION. BY PASSOVER,
HE WAS A FREE MAN.
BUT THE STORY DOESN'T STOP THERE -- IN ADDITION TO
ZEV RAIZ, MORE THAN 150,000 SOVIET JEWS EMIGRATED THIS
YEAR, TO NEW HOMES AND NEW LIVES OF LIBERTY AND
DIGNITY.
- 3 -
IN FACT, I UNDERSTAND TWO CHILDREN WITH US TODAY
FROM THE GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL, LIDIA [LID-JA]
SHESTOPALOVA [SHESS-TOE-PA-LOW-VA] AND ALEX VEYTSMAN
[VITES-MAN] HAVE RECENTLY ARRIVED FROM THE SOVIET
UNION. As WE WELCOME YOU TO THIS COUNTRY, WE CONTINUE
TO PRAY FOR ALL THOSE STILL SEEKING FREEDOM.
- 4 -
THE ANCIENT STORY OF THE FIRST HANUKKAH IS ONE OF
VICTORY OVER PERSECUTION, AGGRESSION, AND INTOLERANCE
-- BUT THE STRUGGLE HAS CONTINUED FOR YOUR PEOPLE
THROUGH THE CENTURIES. IN FACT, THE FIRST WAVE OF
JEWISH IMMIGRANTS CAME TO THIS COUNTRY -- AS EARLY AS
1654 -- TO LIVE A LIFE FREE FROM INTOLERANCE AND
PERSECUTION.
- 5 -
Two HUNDRED YEARS AGO, GEORGE WASHINGTON WROTE A
LETTER TO A JEWISH CONGREGATION IN NEWPORT, RHODE
ISLAND, IN WHICH HE SAID THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
WOULD GIVE "To BIGOTRY NO SANCTION, TO PERSECUTION NO
ASSISTANCE." IN THIS NEW COUNTRY, WASHINGTON SAID,
"EVERY ONE SHALL SIT IN SAFETY UNDER HIS OWN VINE AND
FIG TREE, AND THERE SHALL BE NONE TO MAKE HIM AFRAID."
THESE WORDS EMBODY THE AMERICAN IDEAL OF FREEDOM OF
WORSHIP, AN IDEAL THAT WE REAFFIRM HERE TODAY AND THAT
WE PASS ON TO THE GENERATIONS TO FOLLOW US.
- 6 -
I UNDERSTAND THESE CHILDREN ARE READY TO SING FOR
US, AND I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO IT. ONE WORD OF
WARNING: I WAS PRETTY GOOD LAST YEAR WITH THE
DREYDEL -- PURELY BEGINNER'S LUCK. THIS YEAR, HOWEVER,
I'VE BEEN PRACTICING.
So LET'S HEAR A FEW SONGS AND THEN, I'LL TAKE ON
ALL COMERS. // AGAIN, THANK YOU FOR COMING TO THE
WHITE HOUSE, AND THANKS TO THE GESHER JEWISH DAY SCHOOL
FOR ENTERTAINING US. HAPPY HANUKKAH TO EVERYONE.
###
ynpwfxk. //na--k/
na--k
Bush Library Photocopy
George Bush Handwriting
na--k
a0555na--k
a k be-window adv14
12-12 0661
Washington Window
chromy file
adv fri dec 14
(650)
(Commentary)
Bushlas communicate
By "HELEN NOMAS
UPI White House Reporter
WASHINGTON (UPI) President Bushvis the most accessible president
recent history from the standpoint of holding news conferences early
and often.
He has had well over 80 formal Full dress news conferences and more
than 40 informal "sorums, a term borrowed from the Canadians, in
which he has submitted to interrogation.
He does not resist communicating, except under certain circumstances,
shunning most of the time, but not all, questions in the Oval Office
during a picture-taking session.
Generally the has bi ten the bullet and submitted cross-
examina reportens. Granted, ike his predeces he prefers
conferences when the news is good and going his way. But
that pain the course.
It must be frustrating for the president when he is constantly being
told in print that he has not explained his reasons for sending 400, 000
trogps to the Persian Gulf. But he keeps trying.
The inference 15 his style. He confident that he field
thrown at although
when the asked tabout the problems his
Bush savings and loan scandal
He also has displayed irritation when asked why he does not want
Congress to meet and to exercise its constitutional ight to declare
war
But the has theorare onal seeming to eyen cholding naws
He calls then as the SR85 them and long asche
to the of reportans who the duand
theath to Housennegy anly but not crack
minute
Since his news conferences are often informal get togethers at his
behest when he has something to say, he usually winds 4P by saying,
"I'll take two more questions. " Often that leads to six more
questions. But that's fine with reporters
Unlike President Reagan, whose aides totally managed and controlled
his appearances, much to his detriment, Bush finds news conferences his
best way of communicating.
Reagan would be given briefing books the size of telephone books to
prepare for what was tantamount to taking an oral examination for a Ph.
D. He also would have a rehearsal in the White House theater in the
afternoon before a formal East Room evening news conference.
In those sessions, Reagan would often show his true feelings and his
gifted sense of humor. But such occasions were all too rare. He held an
average of about six news conferences a year.
But Reagan's news conferences were viewed by millions more because
they were held in prime time, a period when they could watch television.
Bush' press conferences are usually held during the day when shut-ins
and retirees have more chance to watch, although, segments are always
shown on the nightly news.
The president's image makers have decided, however, that they want
all the camera focus on the president. They have told the networks that
only one camera will be allowed to take the news conference, thus
eliminating any shots of his top aides on the sidelines and their
varying expressions and the reporters asking the questions.
All this is perhaps the way he makes up for Oval Office speeches that
audiences compare unkindly to Reagan's perfomances honed for 50 years
before before a Hollywood camera and microphone.
The good news is that the president wants to have his say. With all
do respect to press secretary Marlin Fitzwater, a pro who keeps his cool
and is quick on his feet, for any reporter who covers the White House
that is 100 percent better than any mouthpiece or spokesman on the
podium trying to explain what the president thinks and means. It's much
better to get it from the horse's mouth. And he does not have to worry
about being overexposed.
adv fri dec 14
upi, 12-12-90 09:22 aes
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
06. Notes
Handwritten notes of Meeting between U.S. and USSR (2
n.d.
(b)(1)
pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information I(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
PARTICIPANTS
U.S.
The President
The Vice President
James A. Baker, III, Secretary of State
John H. Sununu, Chief of Staff
Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National Security
Affairs
Ambassador Jack Matlock, U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union
Robert M. Gates, Assistant to the President and Deputy
for National Security Affairs
Condoleezza Rice, Special Assistant to the President for Soviet
Affairs
Dennis Ross, Director for Policy Planning, Department of State
Raymond Seitz, Assistant Secretary of State for European and
Canadian Affairs
Peter Asanasenko, Interpreter
MR. ZOELLICK, COUNSELOR FOR STATE DEPT
USSR
Eduard Shevardnadze, Minister of Foreign Affairs
Alexander Bessmertnykh, Ambassador to the U.S.
Aleksey Obukhov, First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
Sergey Tarasenko, Chief, Evaluation and Planning Administration,
MFA
Georgiy Mamedov, Chief, USA and Canada Administration, MFA
Teymuraz Stepanov, Aide to Shevardnadze
Pavel Palazhchenko, Interpreter
Md. CHURKIN, GPOKESPERSON FOR MFA
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
December 11, 1990
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
C. BOYDEN GRAY CA,G
SUBJECT:
War Powers and the Persian Gulf
It remains my view, as stated in my August 7 memorandum to you on
the subject, that you have ample authority under the Constitution
to order military operations against Iraq, even in the absence of
a further provocation by Iraq or action by Congress affirmatively
authorizing such operations. So long as such operations are in
self-defense of U.S. national interests, there is no merit to
claims that Congress's constitutional authority to declare war
requires you to obtain congressional authorization before
ordering such operations. (Oddly, while important to the
justification for the use of force under international law, the
U.N. Security Council resolutions do not themselves provide much
justification as a matter of domestic U.S. constitutional law for
any "attack from a cold start.")
It is important to emphasize the point, made by Stephen Carter
among others, that it was Iraq's aggression, not actions by the
United States or the United Nations, that initiated the current
crisis, and that any action we take will be a defensive response
to that aggression. Thus, while you might order a military
response without additional provocation by Iraq, that response
should not be considered an "attack from a cold start" in the
broadest view of what has been happening in the Persian Gulf.
The principal impact of the War Powers Resolution in this
situation is to provide a purported 60-day limit on the use of
U.S. forces in the Persian Gulf once hostilities begin or become
imminent, absent an authorizing congressional resolution. Apart
from consultation and reporting requirements, the War Powers
Resolution contains no restriction on the use of U.S. forces for
the first 60 days after they are introduced into hostile
situations. 1 If hostilities last beyond 60 days, Congress will
1 While the War Powers Resolution does not restrict the
introduction of U.S. forces into hostile situations for the first
60 days, it cannot be read as a grant of authority to the
President to conduct combat operations for that period of time.
The Resolution states that nothing in it "shall be construed as
granting any authority to the President with respect to the
introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities or
into situations wherein involvement in hostilities is clearly
indicated by the circumstances which authority he would not have
had in the absence of [the] resolution."
2
likely feel compelled to pass an authorizing resolution.
Congress has passed such a resolution only once before. In 1983,
of its own initiative, Congress passed a resolution authorizing
continued U.S. participation in the Multinational Force in
Lebanon. In the same resolution, however, Congress imposed
significant restrictions on President Reagan's freedom of action.
President Reagan protested that he did not need authorization
under the War Powers Resolution because hostilities were not
imminent and therefore the 60-day clock had not been triggered,
but Congress disagreed, and in order to preserve its position
insisted on enacting an authorizing resolution. (President
Reagan signed the resolution into law, but issued a signing
statement saying, in effect, "I don't need this resolution, but I
appreciate Congress's support for my policy."
You have raised the question generally whether you have exhausted
your responsibilities to Congress, and more specifically, whether
you should send a letter to Congress a few days before any
fighting were to begin saying "hostilities may be imminent now"
and then pointing to any subsequent inaction by Congress as
acquiescence. Before addressing the question, it should be noted
that you will have at least three bases for claiming meaningful
political acquiescence by Congress in whatever steps you choose
to take after January 15.
First, in a number of recently-enacted bills Congress has
authorized and appropriated funds specifically for the Persian
Gulf operation, created new procedures for accepting financial
contributions to the effort, and exempted the cost of the
operation from the budget summit ceilings. These bills were
suitable vehicles for Congress to impose restrictions on the
operation, or at least express reservations about it, but
Congress chose not to do SO.
Second is the fact that, in contrast to its treatment of Lebanon,
Congress has accepted your assertion that hostilities are not now
"imminent" within the meaning of the War Powers Resolution.
Congress therefore effectively has waived any argument it might
have that the 60-day clock was triggered by the deployment
itself. (See the attached article by Gordon Crovitz at Tab A).
The third basis for claiming congressional acquiescence is
Secretary Baker's testimony last week, combined with your press
conference invitation to Congress to seek to reconvene. Baker's
statements put Congress on notice that force is likely to be used
if the crisis is not resolved by January 15th. Significantly,
Congress has not responded with anything stronger than a vote of
the House Democratic Caucus urging you to obtain congressional
approval before initiating offensive military operations. No
effort has been made by Congress to reconvene itself under the
constitutionally-dubious procedure contained in the adjournment
resolution. To the contrary, the leadership has indicated to you
3
that they do not want to be reconvened in the wake of the U.N.
Security Council vote authorizing the use of force against Iraq.
Against this background, we have little to gain, and much to
lose, by providing notice to Congress that hostilities are
imminent in the Persian Gulf. Such notice would trigger the War
Powers Resolution's 60-day clock before the actual outbreak of
hostilities, virtually requiring Congress to pass a resolution on
the subject within 60 days, lest its inaction either compel
withdrawal of U.S. forces from the region, or create a precedent
for military deployments in violation of the War Powers
Resolution. Providing such notice would be contrary to the
historic position of the Executive branch that the War Powers
Resolution is unconstitutional, and would create an unwelcome
precedent in future situations where we might contemplate
launching military operations. It would set up a constitutional
confrontation if Congress failed to act within 60 days, and would
invite 2 statutory restrictions on our flexibility if Congress did
act.
To the extent that any notice would strengthen our claim that
Congress acquiesced in a military solution, we can reap the same
benefit by sending a letter to Congress, not under the War Powers
Resolution, emphasizing our determination to enforce the U.N.
Security Council resolutions after January 15. Such a letter
essentially would reiterate Secretary Baker's testimony that
hostilities, while not imminent, are likely if Iraq does not
comply with the resolutions. Such a letter might provide a
fourth basis for claiming congressional acquiescence without
running the risks under the War Powers Resolution associated with
notice of imminent hostilities.
Beyond such a letter, the only other politically tenable course
of action would be to ask Congress formally to endorse the U.N.
Security Council resolution authorizing the use of force.
Congress might seek to attach restrictions to its endorsement,
but you could threaten to veto any endorsement that was equivocal
or sought to micromanage your policy and seek in lieu thereof a
declaration of war. Because a declaration of war would confer on
you powers that you do not need in the current crisis, Congress
(and you) should be reluctant to take such a step.
While I initially supported the idea of a joint resolution
authorizing force (as a political matter, not as a legal or
constitutional requirement), I am now not at all sure this is
necessary, given your invitation and Congress's reluctance to
reconvene. I believe the public believes the ball is in
20f course, even without a letter, the actual initiation of
hostilities will, as noted above, probably create a Lebanon-type
situation and force Congress's hand if the hostilities last more
than six weeks or SO.
4
Congress's court to reverse its acquiescence, as evidenced by the
recent Newsweek poll finding that 54% of the public believes
Democrats who question your policy do so for partisan political
purposes, compared to 32% who think such critics are genuinely
concerned about the national interest (Tab B). Congressman
Solarz's reaction to recent events (Tab C) is further evidence of
the politics of the issue.
Korea, of course, remains an example of similar acquiescence by
Congress. As explained in Dean Acheson's memoirs (Tab D),
President Truman decided not to seek a formal congressional
endorsement of the Korean War not only because he regarded it as
legally unnecessary, but also because he feared that the
attendant criticism of his policy in Congress might do more harm
3
than good.
As a final observation, I should mention a comment Henry
Kissinger made to me at a dinner recently. More important than
obtaining congressional support, he said, is achieving a quick
victory. President Johnson's escalation of U.S. involvement in
Vietnam coincided with his intervention in the Dominican
Republic, Kissinger recalled. Congress endorsed the Vietnam
policy but not the Dominican intervention. Johnson's success in
the Dominican Republic silenced criticism of that policy, but the
Tonkin Gulf Resolution did not insulate him from criticism of the
failure in Vietnam.
Attachments
Tab A
Wall Street Journal article by Gordon Crovitz
Tab B
Results of Newsweek poll on Persian Gulf
Tab C
Washington Post article quoting Congressman Solarz
Tab D
Excerpt from Present at the Creation by Dean Acheson
³I think this answers your questions. You have fully
involved Congress, or at least invited their involvement.
Seeking a resolution now could tie your hands. The U.N
resolutions help politically, but are of relatively little help
constitutionally. And finally, I think the most important action
relating to Congress as January 15 approaches is intensified
daily consultation by phone with the leadership. Further, in
order to highlight that consultation, you might consider a more
dramatic event such as a day-long retreat with the leadership at
Camp David to discuss U.S. options.
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1990
A17
Lawsuit Offensive Against the Commander in Chief
"What kind of wacky world is this
congressmen who don't have the courage
relative dutles and capabilities of the two
Why should congressmen who refused to
where the President is taken to court every
to vote against Mr. Bush's policy begging a
branches. The delegates who drafted the
vote against the Gulf deployment now get
time he moves our troops around in the na-
federal judge to do It for them.
Constitution wanted to make sure they cre-
to go to court?
tional interest? Sometimes a President
The lawsult runs counter to two cen-
ated a stronger executive branch than un-
The most interesting part of the law
must take risks for peace, and he doesn't
turles of practice by presidents and Con-
der the failed Articles of Confederation.
professors' brief is relegated to a footnote,
need to be blocked every step of the
gress. We've had five declared wars, but
They especially wanted a system that
which says "[We] take no position on the
way."
presidents have dispatched troops or war
could run the military without legislators
plaintiffs' standing to bring their claims,"
So said George Bush in 1987 as he cam-
supplies abroad more than 200 times. Pres-
as commanders In chief.
Whether congressmen have any right to
palgned for the position of Defendant of the
idents acted without any congressional ap-
Mr. Carter noted that "There was no
sue is a key Issue in this litigation. If the
Free World. Now he faces some wacky le-
proval In more than two-thirds of the
gal theories about why he can't-can't, not
mention of any 'sudden attack' Ilmit on the
plaintiff congressmen want to vote before
cases. Examples Include when President
an offensive begins, the problem is not a
just shouldn't-pursue his Persian Gulf
president's power during the ratification
Jefferson sank the Barbary pirates, Frank-
debates." Instead, the change to "declare"
lack of time but of the courage of the con-
IIn Roosevelt transferred warships to Brit-
from "make" came after delegates agreed
gressional leadership.
Rule of Law
ain despite U.S. neutrality and President
that only the executive branch has the in-
There is some constitutional deja vu. At
Reagan liberated Grenada and ralded
stitutional ability to run a war.
the beginning of the Korean War, Presi-
Libya. Ironically, Congress Indirectly au-
By L. Gordon Crovitz
thorized war against Iraq by approving the
Congress does have enormous power-if
dent Truman decided not to call Congress
treaty that created the U.N., which has ap-
it decides to use it. "The system was de-
back in session to approve his deployment
signed very sensibly," Mr. Carter said.
of troops. Dean Acheson, his secretary of
proved force.
The lawsuit relles on the constitutional
"The president can dispatch troops, but
state, wrote in his memoirs that Truman
policy. The notion is that he can't legally
deploy troops, or maybe he can deploy
clause that gives Congress the power to
the Framers gave a way for Congress to
didn't want to "establish any precedent In:
derogation of presidential power to send
them but only If he rotates them, or maybe
"declare" war. A good case can be made
out forces into battle." Acheson's view of
only If he promises not to use them unless
that this clause Is evidence of the preemi-
Sam Nunn throws the first grenade.
nent role in war for the president.
Why should congress-
the mix of law and politics applies equally.
to today's debate:
The legal battle against the Commander
The original proposal at the Constitu-
men who refused to vote
"There has never, I believe, been any
in Chief has at least put the War Powers
tional Convention was for a clause that
Resolution out of Its misery. This law said
would give Congress the power to "make"
against the Gulf deploy-
serious doubt-in the sense of non-politi-
cally Inspired doubt-of the president's
that troops must come home 60 days after
war. Instead, Congress only got the power
ment get to go to court?
constitutional authority to do what he did,"
a president sends them into "imminent"
to "declare" a formal and total state of
he wrote. He also noted that congressional
hostilities unless Congress votes to approve
war. Congress boosters try to minimize
approval "did not soften or divert the anti-:
the deployment. Despite Mr. Bush and
this change by saying this only gave presi-
react through Its power over the purse.
dents the power to repel sudden attacks.
Congress can vote at any time to cut off
war critics of Presidents Lincoln, Wilson:
Congress agreeing to pretend nothing Is
Harold Koh, a Yale law professor, filed
funding." Congress defunded several un-
and Roosevelt" and that "What Inspired
imminent, there has been a real risk of
the later criticism of the Korean war was
war since the troops arrived In Saudi Ara-
a brief signed by 11 law professors on be-
popular wars In the 19th century.
the long, hard struggle, casualties, cost,
bla in early August. The 60-day clock has
half of the Dellums lawsuit. (They claim
It might be political suicide for Con-
frustration of a limited and apparently in:
now run out, twice. WPR, RIP.
nonpartisanship but the best-known "con-
gress to abandon the troops In the Persian
conclusive war, and-most of all-the de-:
Indeed, the 54 liberal Democrats who
servative" among the 11 is Philip Kurland,
Gulf by defunding them, which is precisely
termination of the opposition to end seem-
brought the lawsuit Dellums U. Bush,
famous for testifying against Robert
why Congress won't do any such thing. The
Ingly interminable Democratic rule."
which was argued yesterday, did not
Bork's nomination.) They argue that presi-
more general point Is that voting for or
Mr. Bush might still decide to get a dec-
bother to rely on the resolution. Instead,
dents cannot "make war without consult-
against Mr. Bush's policy would lead to
laration of some kind from Congress, but
Rep. Ron Dellums et al. want a court order
Ing with and gaining the genuine approval
some accountability. This Is why congres-
for political and not constitutional reasons..
"enjoining defendant George Bush from
of Congress." They don't offer a definition
sional leaders refuse to call Congress back
Whatever Congress does, Mr. Bush will be
launching or Initiating an offensive mill-
for the litigation-Inviting concept of "genu-
Into session to discuss the Gulf-their own
held accountable for what happens or
tary attack" unless there is a declaration
Ine approval."
version of, Hell, no, we won't go.
doesn't happen to Saddam Hussein. The
of war "or other explicit authorization
The better argument, according to an-
Indeed, despite the lawsult almost all of
members of Congress who hope to avoid
from the Congress," whatever this means.
other Yale Law professor, Stephen Carter,
the 54 plaintiffs voted In favor of a Penta-
responsibility altogether by getting a judge
There are two problems with this lawsuit:
is that the Framers distinguished between
gon funding bill that Included $2 billion
to take them off the hook give the courts
Its legal arguments and the spectacle of
declaring and making war based on the
specifically for Operation Desert Shield.
good reason to decline this service.
90-12-11 13:00
WHITEHOUSE BULLETIN
TEL-
P02
FINAL RESULTS
TAb B
4
DEC 10 90 12:29
NEWSWEEK/COMM 212 350-4929
is
10.
From what you have seen or heard about the Congressional hearings, do you
think Democrats who question U.S. Persian Gulf policy do so more because of
serious concern about the national interest, or more to make it a partisan
political issue?
%
32
Serious concern about national interest
54
Partisan politics
3
BOTH EQUALLY (VOL.)
11
DON'T KNOW
100
11.
I'm going to read to you some reasons people give for going to war against
Iraq. Please tell me whether you think each its a good reason for the U.S. to
go to war against Iraq or whether it 1s not a good reason to go to war?
First, [READ AND ROTATE]
Not a
Good
Good
Don't
Reason
Reason
Know
&. To restore the former
Current
60
34
6 . 100
government of Kuwait back to
11/18-16
53
38
9 . 100
power
b. To prevent Iraq from
Current
57
36
7 3 100
ultimately attacking Israel
11/15-18
53
39
8 = 100
C. To prevent Iraq from
Current
50
36
4 B 100
controlling 8 larger share of
11/15-16
57
38
5 - 100
Mideast oil and threatening
the U.S. economy
d. To prevent Saddam Hussein from
Current
78
20
2 - 100
threatening the area with
11/15-16
76
21
3 5 100
chemical and biological
weapons
8. To prevent Saddam Hussein from
Current
70
26
4 . 100
developing nuclear weapons
11/15-16
71
25
4 . 100
f. To lower oil prices
Current
31
66
3 = 100
11/15-16
30
67
3 a 100
P.A-25
12-7-90
THE WASHINGTON POST
CRISIS IN THE GULF
Partisan Split Deepens
In U.S. Policy Debate
Reaction to Saddam's Move Underscores Schism
to force Saddam's hand," he said in
By David S. Broder
Washington Post Staff Writer
a statement, "Congress sat on its
hands and tried to tie the presi-
The domestic political debate on
dent's [hands] behind his back
President Bush's Persian Gulf pol-
No doubt about it, the president's
icy became more sharply partisan
policy is working. The last thing we
yesterday, with Republicans claim-
need are any more timid signals
ing that Iraqi President Saddam
from Congress."
Hussein's announcement that he
On the other side, Sen. Paul S.
will release all hostages vindicated
Sarbanes (D-Md.), an advocate of
Bush's insistence on forcing the is-
continuing the economic sanctions
SEN. ROBERT J. DOLE
SEN. PAUL S. SARBANES
sue, while Democrats defended a
and delaying any resort to military
"president's policy is working"
advocates delaying use of force
more gradual approach allowing
force, said, "If the hostages are re-
time for sanctions to work.
leased, it represents the achieve-
clear he was advocating a policy he
said that if the freeing of the hos-
The split underscored the degree
ment of one of our major goals with-
thought best for the country-and
tages is followed by an Iraqi with-
to which the early congressional
out the expenditure of any lives
not just the Democratic Party.
drawal from Kuwait, "the president
consensus on the gulf has eroded
which runs directly counter to what
His view was rebutted by Senate
may come out with enhanced pop-
since Bush's decision a month ago
Dole is saying."
Armed Services Committee Chair-
ularity and the Democrats may be
to double the size of U.S. forces in
Several sources said that Rep.
man Sam Nunn (D-Ga.), who told
seen again as the party of peace-
the gulf and to threaten Iraq with
Stephen J. Solarz (D-N.Y.), one of
the private Democratic Leadership
but-no-strength."
military retaliation for its invasion
the strongest Democratic support-
Council session that expert military
But Fazio said he thought last
of Kuwait. Despite some efforts to
ers of the Bush policy, warned a
judgment and public opinion both
week's televised armed services
mute overt partisanship, the two
closed-door Democratic strategy
dictated delaying an early resort to
committee hearings, in which a se-
parties have begun advocating in-
session yesterday that if the party
force.
ries of retired senior military offi-
creasingly divergent courses of ac-
appears to be denying support to
Even while echoing Nunn's ar-
cers supported Nunn's contention
tion in the biggest military show-
the administration and Bush orders
guments, some Democratic strat-
that sanctions should be continued
down since Vietnam.
a January attack that results in a
egists conceded that they were con-
for an extended period before the
Senate Minority Leader Robert J.
quick Iraqi defeat, as he considers
cerned that Solarz's political judg-
United States considers a military
Dole (R-Kan.) lost no time in at-
likely, then the voters "will keep us
ment may be on target: Rep. Vic
offensive against Saddam, "helped
tempting to seize the political ad-
out of the White House forever."
Fazio (D-Calif.), the newly named
show the criticism [of administra-
vantage. "While President Bush and
Solarz confirmed the thrust of his
chairman of the Democratic Con-
tion policy] doesn't come entirely
the United Nations had the courage
remarks, but said he had made it
gressional Campaign Committee,
(Cont'd.)
THE WASHINGTON POST
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1990 A29
Partisan Split Deepens in Debate on U.S. Policy
CONSENSUS, From A25
yesterday said the public dissent
and Egyptian President Hosni Mu-
concessions by Saddam will follow
and the partisan differences began
barak gave their parliaments more
the promised hostage release, said
from the same group of people who
immediately after the midterm
information than Bush has given
both parties "will attempt spin con-
learned a lesson in Vietnam they
election, when Bush announced a
Congress.
trol" on the reasons for success,
cannot unlearn."
doubling of U.S. forces in Saudi
Democratic leaders rejected
"but the president's spin is likely to
A wide variety of other Demo-
Arabia and the Defense Depart-
Dole's suggestion that Congress be
have more credence."
crats, including some from the
ment canceled the policy of rotating
called into special session to debate
Kirk O'Donnell, a longtime Dem-
South and some from districts with
troops into and out of the theater.
gulf policy and convinced Bush it
ocratic strategist, said that "if the
major military installations, told
"Doubling the force, without any
would be a political mistake for him
president were to be successful,
their colleagues at caucuses this
prior consultation or notice to Con-
to force such a debate with no cer-
there would be a risk for the Dem-
week that their constituents were
gress and without any explanation
tainty that his policy would be en-
ocrats, just as there was for those
to the American people, created
dorsed.
telling them to avoid hostilities over
who denounced the Grenada oper-
concern and unease among a great
Instead, hearings by several con-
Kuwait.
ation and then saw those freed stu-
many people," Senate Majority
gressional committees provided a
Rep. Lee H. Hamilton (D-Ind.),
dents come home and kiss the
Leader George J. Mitchell (D-
forum for critics of the policy to
the influential House Foreign Af-
ground."
Maine) said yesterday. While Ham-
make their arguments before ad-
But Sen. John F. Kerry (D-
fairs Committee member, said what
ilton and a few others supported the
ministration witnesses appeared.
Mass.), who said he expects the
he and others heard at home was
Bush decision, other influential
Sen. Richard G. Lugar (R-Ind.),
U.S. policy to succeed, said that "as
people saying, "Don't get us into a
voices across the party spectrum
who joined Dole in calling for a spe-
important as it is for us not to re-
war."
from Nunn to Sen. Daniel Patrick
cial session, said yesterday that
Hamilton said that contrary to
Moynihan (D-N.Y.) issued a loud
strict the president's ability to
Democrats "didn't want to debate
dissent.
threaten the use of force, it is
Dole's criticism, "Congress was
policy now, because they didn't
performing its traditional function
Some of it was based on policy
equally important for Congress to
know how things would come out,
disagreement; some, apparently, on
represent the country's hesitancy
in this situation. We have our ears
so they seized on the hearings de-
injured institutional pride. Sources
about using that force. We each
vice. They've opted out because
to the ground and we heard a lot of
said Nunn told the Democratic
they didn't know how to handle it
have our role to play."
REP. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ
unease about going to war."
Leadership Council yesterday that
politically."
Staff researcher Bruce Brown
backlash could hurt Democrats
Most Democrats interviewed
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev
Lugar, who predicted further
contributed to this report.
TAb D
PRESENT
AT THE
CREATION
My Years in the State Department
DEAN ACHESON
W W NORTON & COMPANY . INC . NEW YORK
45. WAR IN KOREA: THE FIRST CRISIS
THOUGHTS ON AN AUTHORIZING RESOLUTION
IN THE DAYS THAT followed I considered Senator Alexander Smith's sugges-
tion, and on July 3 the President assembled a group at Blair House to hear and
discuss my recommendation. Jessup and Rusk went with me. Secretary Johnson
brought the service secretaries and General Bradley. The President had with
him Secretaries John Snyder of the Treasury and Charles Brannan of Agricul-
ture; Postmaster General Jesse Donaldson; Senate Majority Leader Scott
Lucas; and Averell Harriman.
My recommendation was that the President make a full report on the
Korean situation to a joint session of Congress. This would, of course, be
largely formal but would bring the whole story together in one official narrative
and meet the objection of some members that information had come to them
only through the leaders and the press. I also recommended that the President
should not ask for a resolution of approval, but rest on his constitutional au-
thority as Commander in Chief of the armed forces. However, we had drafted a
resolution commending the action taken by the United States that would be
acceptable if proposed by members of Congress.
In the ensuing discussion it appeared that the two houses of Congress had
just recessed for a week and the President was unwilling to call them back.
Senator Lucas, General Bradley, and Secretary Johnson were opposed to both
recommendations: to the report because it would come too long after the
events to stand by itself and had better accompany a request for money and
necessary powers; and to the resolution because the vast majority in Congress
were satisfied and the irreconcilable minority could not be won over. They
could, however, keep debating and delaying a resolution so as to dilute much
of its public effect. The others were divided. My sympathies lay with the Lucas-
Bradley view. So apparently did the President's, for he put off a decision until
the "Big Four" (the presiding officers and majority leaders of both houses)
would be back after the recess. By then we were pretty well won over to Sena-
tor Lucas' view.
There has never, I believe, been any serious doubt-in the sense of non-
politically inspired doubt-of the President's constitutional authority to do
what he did. The basis for this conclusion in legal theory and historical prece-
dent was fully set out in the State Department's memorandum of July 3, 1950,
extensively published.¹ But the wisdom of the decision not to ask for congres-
sional approval has been doubted. To have obtained congressional approval,
1950
War in Korea: The First Crisis
415
it has been argued, would have obviated later criticism of "Truman's war." In
my opinion, it would have changed pejorative phrases, but little else. Congres-
sional approval did not soften or divert the antiwar critics of Presidents Lincoln,
Wilson, and Roosevelt. What inspired the later criticism of the Korean war
was the long, hard struggle, casualties, cost, frustration of a limited and ap-
parently inconclusive war, and-most of all-the determination of the oppo-
sition to end seemingly interminable Democratic rule.
Nevertheless, it is said, congressional approval would have done no harm.
True, approval would have done none, but the process of gaining it might well
have done a great deal. July-and especially the first part of it-was a time of
anguishing anxiety. As American troops were committed to battle, they and
their Korean allies under brutal punishment staggered back down the penin-
sula until they maintained only a precarious hold on the coastal perimeter
around Pusan. An incredulous country and world held its breath and read the
mounting casualties suffered by these gallant troops, most of them without
combat experience. In the confusion of the retreat even their divisional com-
mander, Major General William F. Dean, was captured. Congressional hear-
ings on a resolution of approval at such a time, opening the possibility of end-
less criticism, would hardly be calculated to support the shaken morale of the
troops or the unity that, for the moment, prevailed at home. The harm it could
do seemed to me far to outweigh the little good that might ultimately accrue.
The President agreed, moved also, I think, by another passionately held
conviction. His great office was to him a sacred and temporary trust, which he
was determined to pass on unimpaired by the slightest loss of power or prestige.
This attitude would incline him strongly against any attempt to divert criticism
from himself by action that might establish a precedent in derogation of pres-
idential power to send our forces into battle. The memorandum that we pre-
pared listed eighty-seven instances in the past century in which his predeces-
sors had done this. And thus yet another decision was made.
Shortly after the seven days of June just described a paper came to me
from the White House. I end this account with it, partly and unquestionably
from pride, but also because it illustrates so well a quality of the President's
that bound his lieutenants to him with unbreakable devotion. The paper was a
longhand note:
Memo to Dean Acheson
Regarding June 24 and 25-
7/19/50
Your initiative in immediately calling the Security Council of the U.N. on
Saturday night and notifying me was the key to what followed afterwards. Had you
known
not acted promptly in that direction we would have had to go into Korea alone.
The meeting Sunday night at the Blair House was the result of your action
Saturday night and the results afterward show that you are a great Secretary of
State and a diplomat.
between
Your handling of the situation since has been superb.
ice, Mr.
r offices
I'm sending you this for your record.
Harry S. Truman
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07a. Memo
From Brent Scowcroft to President Bush (3 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency I(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA)
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
TAB A
A T A B
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07b. Talking
Points to be Made Meeting with Foreign Minister Eduard
n.d.
(b)(1)
S
Points
Shevardnadze (8.pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review-Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile
TAB B
TAB B
PARTICIPANTS
U.S.
The President
The Vice President
James A. Baker, III, Secretary of State
John H. Sununu, Chief of Staff
Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National Security
Affairs
Ambassador Jack Matlock, U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union
Robert M. Gates, Assistant to the President and Deputy
for National Security Affairs
Condoleezza Rice, Special Assistant to the President for Soviet
Affairs
Dennis Ross, Director for Policy Planning, Department of State
Raymond Sietz, Assistant Secretary of State for European and
Canadian Affairs
Peter Asanasenko, Interpreter
USSR
Eduard Shevardnadze, Minister of Foreign Affairs
Alexander Bessmertnykh, Ambassador to the U.S.
Aleksey Obukhov, First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
Sergey Tarasenko, Chief, Evaluation and Planning Administration,
MFA
Georgiy Mamedov, Chief, USA and Canada Administration, MFA
Teymuraz Stepanov, Aide to Shevardnadze
Pavel Palazhchenko, Interpreter
DOOR
Wednesday, December 12, 1990, 3:00 p.m.
DOOR
Mr Seitz
(State)
Ms Rice
(NSC)
Mr Gates
Mr Tarasenko
(Chief, Eval & Plan
Admin, MFA)
Gen Scowcroft
Amb Bessmertnykh
The
(USSR Amb to US)
Sec Baker
Min Shevardnadze
Cabinet
(MOFA)
The President
Vice President
Room
Mr Obukhov
(1st Dep MOFA)
Mr Mamedov
Gov Sununu
(Chief USA/Canada
Admin, MFA)
Mr Stepanov
Amb Matlock
(Aide)
(US Amb to USSR)
Mr Ross
(State)
DOOR
TAB C
C
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07c. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07d. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA)
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
P.RM. Removed as a personal record misfile
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07e. Report
Government Report [1st page only] (1 pp.)
n.d.
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA)
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07f. Report
Government Report (2 pp.)
09/04/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07g. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
12/05/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07h. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
05/21/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA)
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07i. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
05/16/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose-trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
TAB D
D
9025750
9631
NOTE:
THIS LETTER WAS DELIVERED TO SECRETARY BAKER
BY SOVIET AMBASSADOR BESSMERTNYKH ON 12/7.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07j. Letter
From Mikhail Gorbachev to President Bush [unofficial
12/7/90
(b)(1)
translation] (3 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
07k. Letter
From Mikhail Gorbachev to President Bush [Russian
12/7/90
(b)(1)
version] (3 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute ((b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information ((b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRAJ
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile.
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
08a. Memo
From Brent Scowcroft to President Bush (2 pp.)
12/12/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
CONFIDENTIAL
IDENTINE
POINTS TO BE MADE WITH
UNITA LEADER JONAS SAVIMBI
IT SOUNDS LIKE WE ARE HAVING A BUSY WEEK ON
ANGOLA HERE IN WASHINGTON.
HOW DID YOUR MEETING GO WITH SHEVARDNADZE?
IT'S AN AMAZING COMMENT ON HOW THE WORLD HAS
CHANGED THAT YOU ARE SITTING DOWN WITH THE
SOVIET FOREIGN MINISTER.
HOW DO YOU SEE THE PROSPECTS FOR A SETTLEMENT?
ARE WE GOING TO FINALLY HAVE PEACE IN ANGOLA
IN 1991?
I WISH YOU WELL. WE SUPPORT YOU ALL THE WAY.
YOU KNOW THAT.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OADR -CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
PER NSC WAIVER, 1500 2021-02
By 45 NARA, Date 10/28/24
DECLASSIFIED
PERE.O. 12958,
AS AMENDED
2000/0429- F
8/21/09 *0
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
POINTS TO BE MADE WITH
UNITA LEADER JONAS SAVIMBI
--
It sounds like we are having a busy week on Angola here in
Washington.
-- How did your meeting go with Shevardnadze? It's an amazing
comment on how the world has changed that you are sitting
down with the Soviet Foreign Minister.
--
How do you see the prospects for a settlement? Are we going
to finally have peace in Angola in 1991?
--
I wish you well. We support you all the way. You know
that.
DECLASSIFIED
PER NSC WAIVER, 1500 2021-02
By 55 NARA, Date 10/28/24
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 12958,
AS AMENDED
2000-2429-F
8/21/09
KO
CONFIDENTIAL
DE
ASSIFIED
F
12958,
ENDED
CONFIDENTIAL
PARTICIPANTS
U.S.
The President
The Vice President
James A. Baker, III, Secretary of State
John H. Sununu, Chief of Staff
Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National
Security Affairs
Robert M. Gates, Assistant to the President and Deputy for
National Security Affairs
Herman J. Cohen, Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
Robert C. Frasure, Director for African Affairs, NSC (Notetaker)
Angola
Jonas Savimbi, Leader of UNITA
Jeremias Chitunda, Vice President of UNITA
General Tony Da Costa Fernandes, Foreign Secretary of UNITA
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
08d. Report
Government Report (1 pp.)
09/21/90
(b)(1)
S
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA}
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRAJ
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM Removed as a personal record misfile.
REPORT OF
CONTRIBUTIONS
TO DATE
CFC
©
THE FALL 1990 COMBINED FEDERAL CAMPAIGN
1990 COMBINED FEDERAL CAMPAIGN
STATUS REPORT
Number
Dollars
Percent
Dollars
Percent
Average
Percent
Percent
Major Campaign
of
Raised
1990 CFC
Increase
Raised
Partici-
Gift
of Goal
1989 CFC
Divisions
Units
1989 CFC
Goals
in Goal
to Date
pation
To Date
Attained
Reached
Executive
14
$19,487,112
$20,392,625
104.6%
$18,348,583
59.4%
$113.92
90.0%
94.2%
Departments
Executive Ofc
11
$157,662
$167,079
106.0%
$131,454
48.1%
$177.40
78.7%
83.4%
of the Pres
Executive
98
$7,432,804
$7,668,633
103.2%
$7,361,234
50.9%
$148.11
96.0%
99.0%
Indep Agencies
Legislative
12
$1,269,380
$1,288,378
101.5%
$1,008,573
21.6%
$150.24
78.3%
79.5%
Branch
Judicial
11
$125,963
$158,903
126.2%
$150,832
58.3%
$142.16
94.9%
119.7%
Branch
CFC Special
1
$5,642
$6,206
110.0%
$3,158
$315.80
50.9%
56.0%
TOTAL
147
$28,478,563
$29,681,824
104.2%
$27,003,834
54.4%
$123.14
91.0%
94.8%
1990 COMBINED FEDERAL CAMPAIGN PROGRESS REPORT
DEPARTMENT
Current
$
No. of
$
% of
Per Emp.
% of
% of
Number of
Raised
Goal
Gifts
Raised
Partici-
Level of
Average
90 Goal
89 CFC
$
Employees
89 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
pation
Giving
Gift
Reached
Reached
89 VS 90
Agriculture
11,669
1,062,938
$1,170,000
8,400
$1,170,000
72.0%
100.27
139.29
100.0%
110.1%
107,062
Commerce
17,817
1,446,268
1,650,000
10,496
1,540,293
58.9%
86.45
146.75
93.4%
106.5%
94,025
DEFENSE:
125,201
8,330,638
8,400,000
85,048
8,182,158
67.9%
65.35
96.21
97.4%
98.2%
(148,480)
Navy
47,492
2,979,308
2,950,000
32,252
2,964,000
67.9%
62.41
91.90
100.5%
99.5%
(15,308)
Army
37,850
2,136,905
2,175,300
24,842
2,154,300
65.6%
56.92
86.72
99.0%
100.8%
17,395
Air Force
14,043
1,164,906
1,200,000
11,925
1,163,608
84.9%
82.86
97.58
97.0%
99.9%
(1,298)
Other
25,816
2,049,519
2,074,700
16,029
1,900,250
62.1%
73.61
118.55
91.6%
92.7%
(149,269)
Education
3,111
200,909
205,000
1,697
228,708
54.5%
73.52
134.77
111.6%
113.8%
27,799
Energy
4,977
456,567
460,000
3,125
503,000
62.8%
101.06
160.96
109.3%
110.2%
46,433
H.H.S.
22,417
1,720,346
1,885,000
11,575
1,501,149
51.6%
66.96
129.69
79.6%
87.3%
(219,197)
H.U.D.
3,167
294,087
310,000
350
100,000
11.1%
31.58
285.71
32.3%
34.0%
(194,087)
Interior
8,160
488,325
532,000
2,731
400,158
33.5%
49.04
146.52
75.2%
81.9%
(88,167)
Justice
18,745
1,071,125
1,176,000
8,699
765,400
46.4%
40.83
87.99
65.1%
71.5%
(305,725)
Labor
6,154
506,929
476,000
3,330
492,000
54.1%
79.95
147.75
103.4%
97.1%
(14,929)
State
13,598
872,990
914,100
3,023
572,100
22.2%
42.07
189.25
62.6%
65.5%
(300,890)
Transportation
8,968
962,241
956,290
6,887
973,617
76.8%
108.57
141.37
101.8%
101.2%
11,376
Treasury
21,400
1,584,954
1,745,000
12,000
1,450,000
56.1%
67.76
120.83
83.1%
91.5%
(134,954)
V.A.
5,932
488,795
513,235
3,700
470,000
62.4%
79.23
127.03
91.6%
96.2%
(18,795)
TOTAL EXEC DEPTS
271,316
19,487,112
$20,392,625
161,061
18,348,583
59.4%
67.63
113.92
90.0%
94.2%
(1,138,529)
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT STATUS REPORT
Current
$
No. of
$
% of
Per Emp
% of
% of
Number of
Raised
Goal
Gifts
Raised
Partici-
Level of
Average
90 Goal
89 CFC
$
Employees
89 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
pation
Giving
Gift
Reached
Reached
89 vs 90
Ofc of Mgt & Budget
520
63,696
$65,000
335
$71,465
64.4%
137.43
$213.33
109.9%
112.2%
7,769
White House
319
34,560
27,000
111
15,172
34.8%
47.56
$136.68
56.2%
43.9%
(19,388)
Ofc U. S. Trade Rep
135
23,037
24,000
0.0%
0.00
ERR
0.0%
0.0%
(23,037)
Ofc of Admin
207
13,895
20,000
141
21,790
68.1%
105.27
$154.54
109.0%
156.8%
7,895
Nat Sec Council
62
7,171
7,000
34
4,382
54.8%
70.68
$128.88
62.6%
61.1%
(2,789)
Counc on Env Qual
11
3,468
3,936
19
5,132
172.7%
466.55
$270.11
130.4%
148.0%
1,664
Ofc of Policy Dev
36
2,628
2,891
0.0%
0.00
ERR
0.0%
0.0%
(2,628)
Executive Residence
89
2,561
2,561
38
2,332
42.7%
26.20
$61.37
91.1%
91.1%
(229)
Ofc-Drug Control Pol
88
2,521
9,419
28
3,896
31.8%
44.27
$139.14
41.4%
154.5%
1,375
Counc of Econ Adv
28
2,353
2,500
12
3,249
42.9%
116.04
$270.75
130.0%
138.1%
896
Ofc of Vice Pres
23
1,772
1,772
13
1,788
56.5%
77.74
$137.54
100.9%
100.9%
16
Ofc Sci Tech Pol
23
0
1,000
10
2,248
43.5%
97.74
$224.80
224.8%
ERR
2,248
EXECUTIVE OFFICE
TOTAL
1,541
157,662
167,079
741
131,454
48.1%
85.30
$177.40
78.7%
83.4%
(26,208)
1990 COMBINED FEDERAL CAMPAIGN STATUS REPORT
EXECUTIVE INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
AGENCIES
Current
$
No. of
$
% of
Per Emp
% of
% of
Number of
Raised
Goal
Gifts
Raised
Partici-
Level of
Average
90 Goal
89 CFC
$
Employees
89 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
pation
Giving
Gift
Reached
Reached
89 VS 90
U.S. Postal Service
22,305
2,027,507
$2,180,000
15,226
2,365,000
68.3%
106.03
155.33
108.5%
116.6%
337,493
C.I.A.
625,064
675,000
5,648
618,018
109.42
91.6%
98.9%
(7,046)
G.S.A.
6,619
394,527
390,000
4,300
433,900
65.0%
65.55
100.91
111.3%
110.0%
39,373
Goddard Space Flight
3,378
322,623
300,000
1,900
338,402
56.2%
100.18
178.11
112.8%
104.9%
15,779
E.P.A.
5,200
456,611
462,000
2,663
503,000
51.2%
96.73
188.88
108.9%
110.2%
46,389
Int Dev Coop Ag/AID
2,962
415,631
403,000
478
63,000
16.1%
21.27
131.80
15.6%
15.2%
(352,631)
U.S.I.A.
5,028
297,624
327,386
1,051
175,000
20.9%
34.81
166.51
53.5%
58.8%
(122,624)
Nuclear Reg Comm
2,065
242,972
210,000
1,432
248,884
69.3%
120.52
173.80
118.5%
102.4%
5,912
N.A.S.A.
1,683
219,932
252,450
1,358
259,560
80.7%
154.22
191.13
102.8%
118.0%
39,628
Howard University
6,239
120,664
132,000
367
47,710
5.9%
7.65
130.00
36.1%
39.5%
(72,954)
Smithsonian
5,250
207,583
218,000
1,700
203,290
32.4%
38.72
119.58
93.3%
97.9%
(4,293)
Federal Reserve
1,493
177,117
137,000
1,122
213,021
75.2%
142.68
189.86
155.5%
120.3%
35,904
F.C.C.
1,181
108,866
109,000
708
110,578
59.9%
93.63
156.18
101.4%
101.6%
1,712
O.P.M.
2,418
159,031
175,000
1,100
138,000
45.5%
57.07
125.45
78.9%
86.8%
(21,031)
Fed Trade Commission
759
73,431
60,000
324
81,425
42.7%
107.28
251.31
135.7%
110.9%
7,994
Fed Energy Reg Comm
1,400
88,647
96,536
674
102,385
48.1%
73.13
151.91
106.1%
115.5%
13,738
S.E.C
1,322
102,971
105,000
700
71,809
53.0%
54.32
102.58
68.4%
69.7%
(31,162)
Nat Science Found
1,204
92,538
100,000
486
98,210
40.4%
81.57
202.08
98.2%
106.1%
5,672
E.E.O.C.
740
92,902
100,000
607
102,288
82.0%
138.23
168.51
102.3%
110.1%
9,386
Fed Emerg Mgt Agency
1,344
78,781
86,659
525
75,660
39.1%
56.29
144.11
87.3%
96.0%
(3,121)
Small Business Admin
768
76,228
80,000
304
44,329
39.6%
57.72
145.82
55.4%
58.2%
(31,899)
National Archives
1,049
77,236
82,000
481
77,443
45.9%
73.83
161.00
94.4%
100.3%
207
Nat Labor Rel Bd
685
79,924
80,000
340
81,389
49.6%
118.82
239.38
101.7%
101.8%
1,465
U.S. Sold & Air Home
950
71,554
60,000
1,047
47,472
110.2%
49.97
45.34
79.1%
66.3%
(24,082)
F.D.I.C.
2,313
113,316
92,000
680
146,314
29.4%
63.26
215.17
159.0%
129.1%
32,998
Interstate Commerce
516
42,631
47,000
323
50,000
62.6%
96.90
154.80
106.4%
117.3%
7,369
Pension Benefit Guar
520
50,121
53,000
330
55,357
63.5%
106.46
167.75
104.4%
110.4%
5,236
Intl Trade Comm
465
34,857
38,000
244
36,923
52.5%
79.40
151.32
97.2%
105.9%
2,066
Peace Corps
451
38,373
40,000
258
36,572
57.2%
81.09
141.75
91.4%
95.3%
(1,801)
Export Import Bank
329
22,844
30,000
197
25,128
59.9%
76.38
127.55
83.8%
110.0%
2,284
Commodity Fut Trade
284
39,653
40,000
265
40,000
93.3%
140.85
150.94
100.0%
100.9%
347
ACTION
155
27,135
20,000
128
29,875
82.6%
192.74
233.40
149.4%
110.1%
2,740
Natl Gallery of Art
800
37,446
39,000
294
36,077
36.8%
45.10
122.71
92.5%
96.3%
(1,369)
Merit Sys Prot Bd
185
21,169
23,000
138
28,120
74.6%
152.00
203.77
122.3%
132.8%
6,951
Gallaudet University
1,500
36,473
39,000
120
15,000
8.0%
10.00
125.00
38.5%
41.1%
(21,473)
Form Credit Admin
223
24,495
26,537
136
27,000
61.0%
121.08
198.53
101.7%
110.2%
2,505
Nat Endow Humanities
240
26,537
27,750
136
25,275
56.7%
105.31
185.85
91.1%
95.2%
(1,262)
Fed Election Comm
232
25,910
26,000
158
30,832
68.1%
132.90
195.14
118.6%
119.0%
4,922
Con Prod Safety Comm
347
32,249
31,500
280
36,266
80.7%
104.51
129.52
115.1%
112.5%
4,017
O.P.I.C.
135
17,138
19,000
111
15,332
82.2%
113.57
138.13
80.7%
89.5%
(1,806)
FAA (Leesburg)
578
9,153
7,000
20
3,956
3.5%
6.84
197.80
56.5%
43.2%
(5,197)
U.S. Comm Civil Rgts
60
6,082
6,640
14
3,900
23.3%
65.00
278.57
58.7%
64.1%
(2,182)
Nat Endow for Arts
264
15,494
18,000
120
16,996
45.5%
64.38
141.63
94.4%
109.7%
1,502
Nat Trans Safety Bd
221
12,125
18,348
59
9,338
26.7%
42.25
158.27
50.9%
77.0%
(2,787)
Arms Cont & Dis Agy
173
18,473
20,320
68
15,088
39.3%
87.21
221.88
74.3%
81.7%
(3,385)
Fed Maritime Comm
171
18,657
19,000
54
9,969
31.6%
58.30
184.61
52.5%
53.4%
(8,688)
Fed Labor Rel Auth
146
13,514
13,651
95
15,268
65.1%
104.58
160.72
111.8%
113.0%
1,754
Sel Svc System
108
10,437
10,552
76
9,380
70.4%
86.85
123.42
88.9%
89.9%
(1,057)
Occ Saf & Health Rev
50
8,071
8,900
50
8,162
100.0%
163.24
163.24
91.7%
101.1%
91
Postal Rate Comm
61
7,437
8,250
41
8,558
67.2%
140.30
208.73
103.7%
115.1%
1,121
Nat Cred Union Admin
163
14,297
15,726
161
21,561
98.8%
132.28
133.92
137.1%
150.8%
7,264
Appal Reg Comm
61
8,395
9,350
61
9,350
100.0%
153.28
153.28
100.0%
111.4%
955
Inter-American Fd
67
8,261
8,500
37
7,621
55.2%
113.75
205.97
89.7%
92.3%
(640)
Fed Med & Conc Svc
78
5,123
7,000
41
6,559
52.6%
84.09
159.98
93.7%
128.0%
1,436
Adv Com Intergov Rel
18
4,114
4,914
16
4,829
88.9%
268.28
301.81
98.3%
117.4%
715
Admin Conf of U.S.
16
5,056
5,300
16
5,333
100.0%
333.31
333.31
100.6%
105.5%
277
Nat Cap Plan Comm
39
3,230
3,000
20
4,001
51.3%
102.59
200.05
133.4%
123.9%
771
Adv Counc Hist Pres
27
3,237
3,400
19
3,757
70.4%
139.15
197.74
110.5%
116.1%
520
Penn Ave Dev Corp
25
3,860
3,750
31
3,851
124.0%
154.04
124.23
102.7%
99.8%
(9)
Fed Mine Saf & Hith
43
5,957
6,450
23
3,934
53.5%
91.49
171.04
61.0%
66.0%
(2,023)
African Dev Corp
31
4,017
4,380
6
1,840
19.4%
59.35
306.67
42.0%
45.8%
(2,177)
Ofc Spec Counc/MSPB
58
4,721
5,000
10
1,999
17.2%
34.47
199.90
40.0%
42.3%
(2,722)
Natl Mediation Bd
33
2,178
2,500
26
2,979
78.8%
90.27
114.58
119.2%
136.8%
801
J.F.K.Center
105
4,329
1,650
23
3,921
21.9%
37.34
170.48
237.6%
90.6%
(408)
Harry S. Truman Fd
4
1,200
1,200
5
828
125.0%
207.00
165.60
69.0%
69.0%
(372)
Railroad Ret Board
8
1,630
1,400
7
1,697
87.5%
212.13
242.43
121.2%
104.1%
67
Nat Comm for Emp Pol
13
3,037
3,310
10
2,103
76.9%
161.77
210.30
63.5%
69.2%
(934)
Comm for Purch Blind
14
2,114
2,305
14
2,565
100.0%
183.21
183.21
111.3%
121.3%
451
Bd Intl Broadcasting
14
2,174
2,310
14
2,294
100.0%
163.86
163.86
99.3%
105.5%
120
T.V.A.
12
923
900
6
1,144
50.0%
95.33
190.67
127.1%
123.9%
221
Comm on Fine Arts
7
1,419
1,419
7
1,500
100.0%
214.29
214.29
105.7%
105.7%
81
Nat Comm Lib & Info
17
186
2,250
13
1,928
76.5%
113.41
148.31
85.7%
1036.6%
1,742
Fed Ret Thrift
76
8,297
8,000
69
9,137
90.8%
120.22
132.42
114.2%
110.1%
840
Marine Mammal Comm
10
650
710
3
557
30.0%
55.70
185.67
78.5%
85.7%
(93)
Am Battle Mon Comm
10
389
389
7
360
70.0%
36.00
51.43
92.5%
92.5%
(29)
Inst of Museum Servs
13
809
750
8
801
61.5%
61.62
100.13
106.8%
99.0%
(8)
Japan-U.S. Friend
2
228
220
3
464
150.0%
232.00
154.67
210.9%
203.5%
236
Inst of Peace
34
9932
11,000
42
9953
123.5%
292.74
236.98
90.5%
100.2%
21
Ofc of Govern Ethics
32
2,440
3,500
16
3,510
50.0%
109.69
$219.38
100.3%
143.9%
1,070
Farm Cr. Sys Ast. Bd
20
847
1,200
10
1,050
50.0%
52.50
$105.00
87.5%
124.0%
203
Def Nuc Fac Safty Bd
31
0
3,371
16
3,455
51.6%
111.45
$215.94
102.5%
ERR
3,455
Oversight Board
26
0
0
26
1,894
100.0%
72.85
$72.85
ERR
ERR
1,894
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
TOTAL
87,676
$7,432,804
$7,668,633
49,702
$7,361,234
56.7%
$83.96
$148.11
96.0%
99.0%
($71,570)
LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH
STATUS
REPORT
Current
$
No. of
$
% of
Per Emp
% of
% of
Number of
Raised
Goal
Gifts
Raised
Partici-
Level of
Average
90 Goal
89 CFC
$
Employees
89 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
pation
Giving
Gift
Reached
Reached
89 VS 90
Gen Acc't Office
3,264
406,850
$443,000
2,406
$418,000
73.7%
128.06
$173.73
94.4%
102.7%
11,150
Library of Congress
4,229
264,186
270,841
1,460
266,000
34.5%
62.90
$182.19
98.2%
100.7%
1,814
Gov Printing Office
4,548
246,514
232,332
1,995
217,570
43.9%
47.84
$109.06
93.6%
88.3%
(28,944)
Senate
7,500
127,788
140,000
15
2,267
0.2%
0.30
$151.13
1.6%
1.8%
(125,521)
House of Rep
7,500
86,375
95,000
0.0%
0.00
ERR
0.0%
0.0%
(86,375)
Ofc of Tech Assess
142
38,108
52
16,000
36.6%
112.68
$307.69
ERR
42.0%
(22,108)
Cong Budget Office
219
36,168
37,000
93
36,540
42.5%
166.85
$392.90
98.8%
101.0%
372
U. S. Tax Court
296
25,834
28,000
144
25,802
48.6%
87.17
$179.18
92.2%
99.9%
(32)
U. S. Cap Police
1,300
23,258
25,564
146
7,840
11.2%
6.03
$53.70
30.7%
33.7%
(15,418)
Arch of the Cap
2,009
10,711
12,500
385
14,937
19.2%
7.44
$38.80
119.5%
139.5%
4,226
Comm on Sec in Eur
14
3,148
3,541
8
2,755
57.1%
196.79
$344.38
77.8%
87.5%
(393)
Copyright Roy Trib
7
440
600
9
862
128.6%
123.14
$95.78
143.7%
195.9%
422
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
TOTAL
31,028
1,269,380
$1,288,378
6,713
1,008,573
21.6%
32.51
$150.24
78.3%
79.5%
(260,807)
JUDICIAL BRANCH STATUS REPORT
Current
$
No. of
$
% of
Per Emp
% of
% of
Number of
Raised
Goal
Gifts
Raised
Partici-
Level of
Average
90 Goal
89 CFC
$
Employees
89 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
90 CFC
pation
Giving
Gift
Reached
Reached
89 vs 90
Adm Offc U. S. Crt
693
43,124
$55,000
473
$56,595
68.3%
81.67
$119.65
102.9%
131.2%
13,471
U. S. Dist Crt - DC
233
19,390
21,500
-129
17,313
55.4%
74.30
$134.21
80.5%
89.3%
(2,077)
Supreme Court
298
17,720
18,500
166
18,601
55.7%
62.42
$112.05
100.5%
105.0%
881
Fed Jud Center
96
10,226
14,500
83
17,201
86.5%
179.18
$207.24
118.6%
168.2%
6,975
U. S. Crt App - Fed
85
9,279
12,750
44
8,040
51.8%
94.59
$182.73
63.1%
86.6%
(1,239)
Pub Def Service
145
8,091
11,000
53
8,406
36.6%
57.97
$158.60
76.4%
103.9%
315
U. S. Crt App - DC
121
6,523
9,500
22
8,210
18.2%
67.85
$373.18
86.4%
125.9%
1,687
U. S. Claims Court
95
5,561
6,600
48
7,078
50.5%
74.51
$147.46
107.2%
127.3%
1,517
Ofc of Indep Counsel
41
3,537
6,750
31
6,372
75.6%
155.41
$205.55
94.4%
180.2%
2,835
Jud Panel Multi Lit
10
1,787
2,000
9
2,054
90.0%
205.40
$228.22
102.7%
114.9%
267
Temp Emer Crt of App
3
725
803
3
962
100.0%
320.67
$320.67
119.8%
132.7%
237
JUDICIAL BRANCH
TOTAL
1,820
125,963
$158,903
1,061
$150,832
58.3%
$82.87
$142.16
94.9%
119.7%
24,869
<ORIG> AP
<TOR> 901212111922
Daily
<TEXT>U W PM-US-SOVIET -URGENT- A0522 12-12 0175
P
PM-US-SOVIET, 2ND LD, A0522, 160
RETRANSMITTING A0545 TO CHANGE CATEGORY CODE
URGENT
PRECEDE HOUSTON
BUSH TO GRANT SOVIETS TEMPORARY TRADE PRIVILEGES
EDS: NEW WITH BUSH LIFTING JACKSON-VANIK AMENDMENT. BUSH MEETS WITH
SHEVARDNADZE 3 P.M. EST. LEAD PROSPECTS UNCERTAIN.
BY BARRY SCHWEID=
AP DIPLOMATIC WRITER=
WASHINGTON (AP) - PRESIDENT BUSH HAS DECIDED TO GRANT THE SOVIET
UNION TEMPORARY TRADE PRIVILEGES, INCLUDING CREDITS THAT WILL ALLOW
THE SOVIETS TO BUY U.S. FARM PRODUCTS AND EASE THEIR FOOD
SHORTAGES, OFFICIALS SAID TODAY.
BUSH WILL ANNOUNCE HIS DECISION LATER IN THE DAY TO SOVIET
FOREIGN MINISTER EDUARD A. SHEVARDNADZE.
BUSH IS EXPECTED TO TELL THE SOVIET THAT HE IS WAIVING THE 1974
JACKSON-VANIK AMENDMENT UNTIL JUNE 1991, SAID THE U.S. OFFICIALS,
WHO SPOKE ON CONDITION OF ANONYMITY. THE AMENDMENT WITHHELD TRADE
PRIVILEGES PENDING AN IMPROVEMENT IN SOVIET EMIGRATION POLICIES.
THE WAIVER WILL ENABLE THE UNITED STATES TO PROVIDE THE SOVIETS
WITH AGRICULTURAL CREDITS, SAID THE OFFICIALS.
BUSH MET WITH HIS CABINET TO PUT THE FINISHING TOUCHES ON THE
PACKAGE.
MORE
AP-NY-12-12-90 1118EST+
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
December 12, 1990
Dear Larry:
With deep regret I accept your letter of
resignation. For more than two years, and under
two Presidents, you have distinguished yourself
through your devotion to improving the education
of our Nation's children.
With your help and guidance we assembled the 50
State Governors in Charlottesville for a historic
education summit. There, we established a
consensus for a set of national education goals,
which today are the driving force behind our
education agenda. Your tireless promotion and
pursuit of these goals has set us on a path to
educational excellence through the end of the
decade.
I was particularly proud, Larry, to stand with you
last September to announce an Executive Order on
Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans
based on the findings of the task force you led.
Hispanic Americans in every community are indebted
to you for the inspired leadership you have
provided.
Barbara and I will always be grateful for the
sincerity, diligence and care you brought to the
Office of the Secretary. On behalf of students,
parents and teachers across the Nation, let me
thank you for your dedicated service.
Sincerely,
Bud
The Honorable Lauro F. Cavazos
Secretary of Education
FROM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON. D.C.
Mr. Robert H. Stewart III
12109 Elysian Court
Dallas, TX 75230
/
THE PRESIDENT
12-12-97
Bob-
Thanks for your
call about Bob Clarlu. I
was my pleased to reappoint
him. Mery Chistres to all
In Harte- - Go/
bcc: Bridget Montagne (daily)
FROM
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON, D.C.
H.E. Sadruddin Aga Khan
Chateau de Bellerive
1245 Collonge-Bellerive
Geneva
SWITZERLAND
Dec. 12,1990
THE PRESIDENT
Dear Sadri a Katy -
spoiled are we.
Visions of sugar-plums
are dancing in on heads, because
we see them daugling on then
fantastic trees you sent us.
(What's a sugarplum- these have
got to be sugar-plums
2
Anyway, the prents are
queat soon all kids + grands
will be here - off to Camp David
for Chistnes. I've cancelled
mg Texas hunting, first time I will
have usred in 25 year; but
the demands of the Gulf and
elsewhere dictate 'stay at have:
bcc: Bridget Montagne (daily)
3
THE PRESIDENT
Tharls to you both - I
just cait tell you how web
one friendship means. At this
time of the year we count
blessings and you two are at
the top of the heap. what would
we do without friends Lour - any
1)
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
09a. Letter
From President Bush to Pam Ernest Re: friendship [redaction
12/12/90
(b)(6)
of personal information] (1 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
daily
THE PRESIDENT
Rec. 12, 1990
Rear Pam-
I'm Thinking of you at this very
special time A year - a time to count is
one's blessing. one of my bhasings
ourfriendship; and now there you
are out in minnesata in the hospital.
This is simply a note to say
THE WHITE HOUSE
Pam Ernest
Room 4-218
Station 4 13, BAT/VMHC
university Minnesota Hospital
Horvand street at E. River Parking
minneapolis, Minn. 55455
sent via Federal Express 12- 12-90
(b)(6)
; but,
to be sure, I'll say a when special I
just for you tonight
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
prayer God for my many blessings.
I'll "please take come best Love my
thank ash him to wold you in his loving of
special arms. I'll firend, say Pam. Shis one of your as But
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
09b. Note
From Bridget to Patty Re: Congressman Bill Young's
12/12/90
(b)(6)
daughter Pam Ernest [redaction of personal information] (1
pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Office of the President
Series:
Daily Files
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Date Closed:
2/25/2011
OA/ID Number:
90573-003
FOIA/SYS Case #:
2009-0166-S
Appeal Case #:
Re-review Case #:
Appeal Disposition:
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
Disposition Date:
AR Case #:
MR Case #:
AR Disposition:
MR Disposition:
AR Disposition Date:
MR Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA)
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRAJ
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
Wednesday, December 12, 1990
Patty: SIR - - handwritten P. note ?
Doug Gregory, Congressman Bill Young's AA, called on behalf of
the Congressman requesting that the President drop a personal
note to the Congressman's daughter, Pam.
(b)(6)
She is at the University of Minnesota Hospital. Her address is:
ela
Pam Ernest
Room 4-218
Station 4B, BAT/VMHC
University of Minnesota Hospital
Harvard Street at East River Parkway
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Doug Gregory can be reached on 225-5961 if you need any more
information.
Bush Presidential Library Photocopy
Bridget
THE PRESIDENT
Rec. 12, 1990
Dear Bob,
I am very phaned you
are willing to seme austher
term; and I am very
pleased to have enthesiasticly
signed off on your re-appointment.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Bob Clarke
personal
country Sec. Brady
I with you well in
this very important work.
I read your statement
and I appland it. Finding
the proper balance between
excessive reg ulderly zeal
and protecting the public intenet
IS not easy: but you're the man
to do it. Good Luch. Sincerely
astbal
THE WHITE HOUSE
Bob Clarke
personal continy Sec. Brady
12-12-90
Dcar khaled,
I was very touched
by your letter I am sorry
you and your family have
suffered at the hands of
Iraq's brutal distator
Khaled we are not
going to let Saddem
Hussin keep kuwait- I
promise you.
Good Luch
GBl
no J.
respond- - Reading File
Dear Mr. Bush
When the Iraqi invade Kuwait on
August 2. We where in the beach house. The house was
Shaking, We don't know what happend, My mom
thought that the war between Iraq and Iran Started
again, but we turned on the radio it said that Iraq
took over KaWait In our way home, (Close to down
town), we Saw Iraqi tank's and jeeps going
toward sadiArabia. And a lot of Helocopter
on the Sky, I was 50 scared and also I saw a lot of
dead bodies in the street, broken houses, Stolen cars.
And where ever. We 90 the Iraqi's stop as to
ckeck. They Stoll my grand father company. He is a
Honda dealer, they burned the whole thing, My grand father
was not happy about what happened After we stayed in
11 wait for almost 20 days, mg family decided to leave
to united Arab Emarites, because my father is a Dr. in
Political Science and he'll teach there. any way we
Left the house at 4 in the morning ,We have to
drive in the desert, So the Iraqies won't See us.
but unfortu na tly, t hey did, my dad and
uncle gave them food, Cold water and cigarettes, So
they allow us to Cross the border to Saud, Arabia.
It was too hot (120) and we ran out of Food
It. took us 18 houres in the desert We were So
Scared and tired.
please Mr. Bush, help usto get Kuwait
back, my mother Crie's abot, She is worried about her
Family in Kuwait, there is no phone to call and no
body Could gothere
Mr. Bush christmas is coming Soon, and
I know that every body buys a gift for his Family, So please
make this my gift to my Mother,
please free Kuwait from the Iraqis:
that would be the best gift to all the
Kuwaities
Thank you very much Mr. Bush,
I Kuwait hope one day I'll see you and tell. you About
Khaled Sanad
I'm 8 yearsold, I was born in Milwauk ee,
Wisconsin but now I live in Al-Ain which is
part U.A.E. of Aba DaBi
my phone is 630-261
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
Date: 11/28/90
TO:
Shirely Green
FROM:
KRISTIN THOMPSON
Office of Presidential Appointments
Scheduling
Ext. 7560
This came to Kathy Super today from USIA.
There is no address for the little boy but
this might be somthing you want to file.
Evidently, many of these letters are being
written and they are being answered by the
embassaies.
Thank you for handling this.
Reading File.
Patsy- - CC Speechwriters
Deh amend
Date
ROUTING AND TRANSMITTAL SLIP
Nov. 26, 1990
TO: (Name, office symbol, room number,
Initials
Date
building, Agency/Post)
1.
Ms. Kathy Super, Deputy Director
for Appointments
2
3.
4.
as
Action
File
Note and Return
Approval
For Clearance
Per Conversation
As Requested
For Correction
Prepare Reply
Circulate
For Your Information
See Me
Comment
Investigate
Signature
Coordination
Justify
REMARKS
IRAQI INVASION OF KUWAIT
Kathy,
This is typical of the letters Kuwaiti school
children are writing to our Embassies in the
Middle East.
You may want to show this letter to the President.
yes
arthur
DO NOT use this form as a RECORD of approvals, concurrences, disposals.
clearances, and similar actions
FROM: (Name, org. symbol, Agency/Post)
Room No.-Bldg.
822-301 4th St.
Arthur E. Green
Executive Secretary, USIA
Phone No.
619 - 6895
5041-102
OPTIONAL FORM 41 (Rev. 7-76)
Prescribed by GSA
* GPO : 1982 0 - 381-529 (223)
FPMR (41 CFR) 101-11.206
12-12-90
Dear Ron. -
Your letter about
the press contenue really
cheered we. May Thank
may
Gg Bl
U.S. Department of Labor
Assistant Secretary for
Reading File
Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs
Washington, D.C. 20210
UNITED OF LABOR
UNITED STATES OF
November 30, 1990
The President
The White House
Washington, D. C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
This morning's press conference and opening statement I feel very
strongly will provide you the support and understanding that you
need from the American public for your Gulf Policy. It was seven
times well done.
The opening statement was so clear, concise, focused and
meaningful and it along with the subsequent answers provided
important insight to you and your motivations that the public
needed to see.
On this subject, never before, have you been better. We can only
hope that it gets maximum coverage so the majority of Americans
can have this insight.
I suggest two things. First, that the content of the press
conference including many of the answers you gave to questions be
incorporated into remarks that you use at public events
immediately.
Second, every member of the American military should see this
press conference at once. I assume USIA/Armed Forces Network
could get it abroad quickly. We have heard too much that our
troops there don't know why they are in the Gulf and repeatedly
about the Vietnam thing. If that is the case either limited or
widespread your press conference clears that up in understandable
terms.
Sir, you have turned the corner. Congratulations.
Sincerely,
Rm
Ronald G. Eberhardt
Associate Assistant Secretary
November 30, 1990
Shirley:
I just felt so positively strong about the President's morning
news conference that I wrote the enclosed note.
Whether he sees the letter in its entirety or its incorporated
into a summary - you, of course decide.
The suggestion on the tape of the conference for U. S. Military
personnel is, I feel, very important.
No reply is necessary. I know how busy you are. Thanks for your
assist.
Rm
Thanks, Shirley
Ron Eberhardt
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- 1
3:30 P.M. NEWS UPDATE
JACKSON-VANIK WAIVER (AP) -- President Bush has decided to grant
the Soviet Union temporary trade privileges, loan credits and
humanitarian aid to help the Soviets through the winter, officials
said. In advance of a late-afternoon Bush meeting with Foreign
Minister Shevardnadze, the administration was notifying
congressional committees that it intended to waive longstanding
trade restrictions against the Soviet Union until June 1991. Bush,
attending a Hanukkah celebration at the White House, said
conditions for Soviet Jews hand improved dramatically in the past
year. "More than 150,000 Soviet Jews emigrated this year to new
homes, new lives of liberty and dignity."
Meanwhile, Sen. Dole said "immediate action is needed to
extend $3 billion in credits" to the Soviet Union. He said the
Soviets have acquired enough grain to see them through the next 60
days, but "they must begin buying within the next two to three
weeks to meet their needs for the period February-July 1991."
U.S.-IRAQ TALKS/STATE (Reuter) -- The U.S. accused Iraq of blocking
agreement on the dates of high-level talks. State Department
spokesman Boucher said Iraq was still insisting that Baker come to
Baghdad Jan. 12. "Iraq continues to block agreement on the dates,"
said Boucher.
BRITISH EMBASSY IN KUWAIT (London/Reuter), -- Britain's last two
diplomats in occupied Kuwait will leave within a week, the Foreign
Office announced.
GULF/ALLIED CONTRIBUTION (Bonn/AP) -- Germany and Japan disputed
a U.S. accusation that they have delivered barely one-fifth of the
aid they promised to back U.S. military operations in the Gulf.
Chancellor Kohl's spokesman, Hans Klein, said Germany has already
made available well over half of the $2.24 billion it promised.
Klein said Germany "does not know the basis for these calculations
(the Pentagon's). In any event, they do not correspond with
facts." A Japanese Foreign Ministry official said that of $4
billion pledged for the military effort and to support Arab states
affected by the Gulf crisis, $600 million has been spent. The
process for disbursing another $600 million in emergency loans for
Jordan and Turkey will be completed very soon, said another
ministry official. "It is not the case that the Japanese
government is delaying disbursement," he said.
(Reuter) -- The U.S. plans to ask its wealthy allies for
billions in aid for the countries encircling Iraq, U.S. officials
said. The $4 billion to $5 billion in aid would be needed to help
Jordan, Egypt and Turkey reform their economies after weathering
the initial economic shocks emanating from the Gulf crisis, the
officials said.
GULF/ISRAEL/ITALY (Paris/UPI) -- Italian Foreign Minister De
Michelis said the U.S. should withdraw its troops from Saudi Arabia
once Iraq withdraws from Kuwait. De Michelis also said, in an
interview with Le Monde newspaper, it is necessary "to isolate
Israel" to make the Israeli government more flexible on the
Palestinian question.
###
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- 1
1:15 P.M. NEWS UPDATE
IRAQI WITHDRAWAL CONDITIONS/BELGIUM (Brussels/Reuter) -- Belgian
politicians quoted an Iraqi diplomat as saying his country would
withdraw from Kuwait immediately if the U.S. publicly backed U.N.
resolutions on the Mideast. Jaak Gabriels, president of the
Volksunie Party, said Iraq's ambassador to Belgium, Zaid Haider,
made the proposal during a meeting with him and another senior
official of the party. "He said that if the United States says the
same thing in the U.N. Security Council as the Belgian king before
the Algerian parliament, Iraq would leave Kuwait immediately,"
Gabriels told Reuters. Belgian King Baudouin, visiting Algeria
last month, called for implementation of all U.N. resolutions,
including those condemning Israeli occupation of the occupied
territories.
JACKSON-VANIK/SOVIETS (AP) -- President Bush has decided to grant
the Soviet Union temporary trade privileges, including credits that
will allow the Soviets to buy U.S. farm products and ease their
food shortages, officials said today. Bush will announce his
decision later in the day to Foreign Minister Shevardnadze. Bush
is expected to tell the Soviet that he is waiving the Jackson-
Vanik amendment until June 1991, said the officials, who spoke on
condition of anonymity.
JACKSON-VANIK/SHAMIR (AP) -- Prime Minister Shamir told members of
Congress he firmly supports President Bush's decision to ease trade
with the Soviet Union as a reward for its liberalized policies.
Shamir spoke to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in a closed
session, but Israeli officials relayed the gist of his remarks.
SOVIET FOOD CRISIS/BALTICS (Moscow/UPI) -- The Baltic republics are
using the Soviet food crisis to demonstrate their independence,
with Estonia turning down a share of international aid and
Lithuania talking of donating to the relief effort. The Estonian
Parliament passed a resolution saying food supplies in the republic
"are still at sufficient levels and [we] refuse charity aid from
foreign states." And Lithuanian President Landsbergis suggested
to Parliament that they "discuss the question of rendering food
assistance to the U.S.S.R.," but no official proposal was made, the
newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda said.
GORBACHEV/CIA (Reuter) -- The CIA denied that it had concluded in
a classified report that President Gorbachev may be on the verge
of a nervous breakdown [as reported in today's Washington Times].
"There is no such report," spokesman Mark Mansfield said without
elaborating.
SOVIETS/KGB (Moscow/Reuter) -- KGB chief Kryuchkov has delivered
warnings of foreign-backed subversion in the Soviet Union,
rekindling Cold War memories and giving notice that his forces
remain a power in the land. In a dramatic television address
Tuesday night, he promised decisive steps to stop radicals from
seizing power and destroying the Soviet Union. "The emergence of
some extremely radical political tendencies is far from spontaneous
but single-minded and well-thought through," Kryuchkov said. "Some
of them are enjoying lavish moral and material support from
abroad."
-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- 2
IRAQI DEFENSE MINISTER/ANALYSIS (Nicosia/AP) -- Saddam has
dismissed his defense minister, Baghdad Radio reported, and
replaced him with Maj. Gen. Saadi Tuma Abbas. Abbas was credited
as the strategist behind the successful defense of the southern
port of Basra in the Iran-Iraq war, using formidable defensive
lines. The Iraqis have built similar fortifications around Kuwait.
The appointment of Abbas "could mean that Saddam is less than ready
to compromise" on Kuwait, said Paul Rogers, an expert on Mideast
military affairs at England's Bradford University. "The
implication is that he's making sure that all those involved in
military decision-making will toe the line. Saddam's tendency of
late has been to drawing the policy-making structures closer and
closer to his own network. He would appear to be trying to hold
onto the reins of power. This would tend to underline that there
is opposition to his strategy of holding onto Kuwait.
Don
Kerr, a military analyst with London's International Institute for
Strategic Studies, said, "It may be that [former Defense Minister]
Shanshal supported negotiations and supported a position that
represented too much of an adjustment in Saddam's attitude for him
to be able to accept."
CAVAZOS (Christopher Connell, AP) -- Lauro Cavazos, the first
Hispanic American ever appointed to the Cabinet, resigned today as
secretary of education. There was no immediate reason given for
Cavazos' decision, and the resignation letter did not say what
Cavazos plans to do. Administration sources said that Cavazos had
tired to criticism aimed at his performance behind the scenes by
Chief of Staff Sununu. His critics had faulted the education chief
as an inadequate salesman for the administration's policies, who
never mastered television skills.
(UPI) -- "I think what they (the White House) probably
realized was that Democrats are going to attack Bush on his
infamous pledge of being the education president and use it, in
part, during the 1992 re-election campaign," said Bob Beckel.
"Cavazos was not a very aggressive guy
and one thing is for sure:
things have gotten worse."
Ginny Terzano, spokeswoman for the
DNC, contended the administration has gotten "intellectually tired"
on domestic issues. "The level of commitment on domestic and
education issues is horrendous. He [the President] has failed
miserably on this," she said. Keith Geiger, president of the NEA,
said, "If there is one area that I would give him [Cavazos] the
most credit
it is in the whole area of bilingual education."
EL SALVADOR (San Salvador/AP) -- Leftist guerrillas mounted a
series of coordinated attacks on government positions overnight and
early today that left at least 44 people dead, the armed forces
said.
###
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- 1
10:15 A.M. NEWS UPDATE
IRAQI DEFENSE MINISTER/SADDAM (Cairo/UPI) -- Saddam Hussein
replaced his defense minister with a hard-liner in the fourth top-
level change in his government in the past three months, Baghdad
Radio said. Arab diplomats said the move was an apparent show of
strength before scheduled Iraqi-U.S. talks on the Gulf crisis,
Baghdad Radio said. The state-owned radio said Saddam issued a
presidential decree replacing veteran Lt. Gen. Abdul Jabar Shanshan
with Gen. Saadi Toamma Abbas. Shanshan was demoted to minister of
state for military affairs [described as a titular post]. Arab
diplomats described Toamma as a hard-liner and a tough military
careerist who since the beginning of the Gulf standoff has backed
Saddam's stance. "Replacing Shanshan with a hard-liner and a war
hero like Toamma is Saddam's way of telling the Americans his
military means business," said one Arab envoy in Cairo who
requested anonymity. "The move is also significant because it
comes before Iraq-U.S. talks on the Gulf."
U.S./IRAQ (Baghdad/Reuter) -- Iraq condemned the U.S. for allying
with Israel at the U.N. and repeated its insistence on linkage,
rejected by Washington, between the Gulf crisis and the Palestinian
question. The official news agency INA quoted Foreign Minister
Aziz as condemning the U.S. stand in the Security Council as
"complete alliance with the Zionist entity (Israel), its strategic
ally." He called on Arab states "to press the United States to
link Middle East problems, particularly the Palestinian issue, with
the Gulf crisis." There could be no peace or stability in the
Mideast "without the achievement of the just rights of the
Palestinian people to return to their homeland and build their
independent state," Aziz said.
MIDEAST CONFERENCE/FRANCE (Paris/UPI) -- France threatened to
withdraw its support for a Security Council resolution chastising
Israel for its conduct in the occupied territories unless the text
of the motion specifically calls for an international conference
on Mideast peace. Foreign Minister Dumas' move was clearly
designed to prevent U.S. hesitancy, under Israeli pressure, over
the text of the motion. Dumas said flatly that the way France
votes in the Security Council motion "will take account of the
notation or of the absence of an international conference,"
government spokesman Le Pensec said.
FRENCH FORCES/JAN. 15 (Paris/Reuter) -- France said it would send
more troops, tanks, attack planes and anti-tank helicopters to
Saudi Arabia before the end of the year and have them in combat
positions by Jan. 15. Gen. Germanos told a news conference that
the reinforcements would be sent between Dec. 17 and 31, raising
the number of French military personnel in the Gulf to 10,000.
IRAQ/BAHRAIN (Manama/Reuter) -- Iraq planned to occupy other oil-
rich Gulf Arab states after its Aug. 2 invasion of Kuwait,
Bahrain's prime minister said in an interview. "The painful fact
is that the Iraqis did intend the same situation in the Eastern
Province (of Saudi Arabia), Bahrain, Qatar and possibly the UAE,"
Sheikh Khalifa told Bahrain's Gulf Daily News. "The Iraqis
definitely intended to drive their forces across our borders."
-етош-
White House News Summary
Wednesday, December 12, 1990 -- 2
GORBACHEV/CIA (Reuter) --- The Washington Times, quoting what it
called a top-secret CIA publication, said that President Gorbachev
may be on the verge of a nervous breakdown. "That prediction is
based on CIA intelligence, including analysis of Mr. Gorbachev's
recent public pronouncements to the Supreme Soviet (parliament), "
the paper said. It cited speeches in which he was quoted as
discussing the fate of his two grandfathers. The paper did not
make clear why any comments about his grandfathers might be
considered indicative of a possible future breakdown. But it cited
the CIA as saying any such breakdown could leave Gorbachev
incapable of ruling the Soviet Union.
###
Statement by the President
I have just had an opportunity to discuss with Foreign Minister
Shevardnadze a number of issues in U.S.-Soviet relations,
including our cooperation in the Gulf and the progress that was
made on the START treaty during the Houston Ministerial. We also
talked at length about the situation in the Soviet Union and the
response of the United States to the economic problems there. I
asked Minister Shevardnadze to convey to President Gorbachev my
desire to respond both to the short-term needs of the Soviet
Union and to contribute to fundamental economic reform.
We discussed frankly the relationship of economic change in the
Soviet Union to the critical task of democratization. I
reiterated our strong desire to see both political and economic
reform continue because they are inextricably linked.
I outlined specific and important steps that we are willing to
take in support of reform. I told Minister Shevardnadze that I
am prepared to respond to a Soviet request for credit guarantees
for purchase of agricultural commodities through a waiver of the
Jackson-Vanik amendment. While I have taken this step, I still
look forward to passage of a Soviet emigration law codifying the
generally excellent practices of the past year. This will permit
us to make further progress toward the normalization of the U.S.-
Soviet economic relationship.
In addition, we have proposed to the Soviets a special technical
assistance project to help in assessing their food distribution
problem and to support market reforms.
I will also authorize a joint public-private medical assistance
effort to help the Soviet Union cope with immediate shortages of
pharmaceuticals and basic medical supplies.
In the longer term, only steps that the Soviet Union itself takes
can assure its economic health. Thus, to promote fundamental
economic reform, I will propose that the World Bank and IMF work
out with the Soviet Union a special association to give the USSR
access to the considerable financial and economic expertise of
those institutions. I have Secretary of the Treasury Brady, as
U.S. Governor of both institutions, to pursue this proposal with
them and with our allies.
As I have said before, I want perestroika to succeed. The Soviet
Union is facing difficult times. But I believe that this is a
good reason to act now in order to help the Soviet Union stay the
course of democratization and to undertake market reforms. The
United States has an interest in a Soviet Union able to play a
role as a full and prosperous member of the international
community of states. I am hopeful that these initiatives will
further that goal.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
SECRETARY OF STATE JAMES BAKER
AND FOREIGN MINISTER EDUARD SHEVARDNADZE
IN PRESS AVAILABILITY
The Rose Garden
4:06 P.M. EDT
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Minister, welcome.
I have a brief statement, and then I will turn the
conference here -- press conference -- over to Minister Shevardnadze
and Secretary of State Baker to respond to questions. But I have
just had an opportunity to discuss with Foreign Minister Shevardnadze
a number of issues of .S.-Soviet relations, including our
cooperation in the Gulf. And I'm pleased with the great progress
that we made on START and hopeful that we will be ready to sign a
treaty at a summit in Moscow on February 11 through 13th.
We also talked at length about the situation in the
Soviet Union and the response of the United States to the economic
problems there. I asked Minister Shevardnadze to convey to President
Gorbachev my desire to respond both to the short-term needs of the
Soviet Union and to contribute to fundamental economic reform -- long
supported perestroika and continue to.
We discussed frankly the relationship of economic change
in the Soviet Union to the critical task of democratization. And I
reitierated our strong desire to see both political and economic
reform continue because they are inextricably linked. I outlined
specific and important steps that we're willing to take in support of
reform. And after consulting closely with Secretary Yeutter as well
as Secretaries Brady and Baker, I told Minister Shevardnadze that I
am prepared to respond to a Soviet request for credit guarantees for
purchase of agricultural commodities through a waiver of the
Jackson-Vanik Amendment.
While I've taken this step I still look forward to a
passage of the Soviet emigration law codifying the generally
excellent practices of the past year. And this then will permit us
to make further progress toward the normalization of the U.S.-Soviet
economic relationship.
In addition, we have proposed to the Soviets a special
technical assistant project to help in assessing their food
distribution problem and to support market reforms. I will also
authorize a joint public-private medical assistance effort to help
the Soviet Union cope with immediate shortages of pharmaceuticals and
basic medical supplies.
In the longer term, only steps that the Soviet Union
itself takes can assure the economic health there. Thus, to promote
fundamental economic reform I will propose that the World Bank and
the IMF work out with the Soviet Union a special association to give
the USSR access to the considerable financial and economic expertise
of those institutions.
I have asked Secretary of the Treasury Nick Brady, as
U.S. Governor of both institutions, to pursue this proposal with them
and also with our other allies, who I'm sure will be in accord.
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As I have said before, I want perestroika to succeed.
The Soviet Union is facing tough times, difficult times. But I
believe that this is a good reason to act now in order to help the
Soviet Union stay the course of democratization and to undertake
market reforms. The United States has an interest in the Soviet
Union, able to play a role as a full and prosperous member of the
International Community of States. And I am hopeful that these
initiatives will further that goal.
Mr. Minister, we're delighted you're here, and now I'll
turn this over to you and Jim Baker.
Q
Mr. President, does that mean a START treaty has
been completed?
THE PRESIDENT: The question will be handled by the
Secretary of State and --
SECRETARY BAKER: Let me answer your question about a
START treaty by saying that we made some very good progress, I think,
in Houston. There are still some issues that remain, and I think
beyond that, the President's statement speaks for itself. We would
hope very much that the treaty would be ready -- would hope that it
would be ready for signature over the February 11th to 13th date in
Moscow.
2
What are the remaining issues?
0
What issues were resolved that hadn't been resolved
before Shevardnadze came to Houston?
SECRETARY BAKER: The issues are very technical issues
involving a number of different -- some verification issues, issues
respecting monitoring of solid rocket facilities or missile assembly
facilities. I'm sure you're quite familiar with the perimeter portal
monitoring concept, Jim. (Laughter.) It's those kinds of issues
we're still struggling with, and we still have quite a few of those
to deal with.
Now, the Minister said inside that he thought it would be
useful if we had an in-depth discussion in here of telemetry
incription and the problem of the shroud that's involved in that.
(Laughter.) But we decided not to do that. But those are the kinds
of issues we're dealing with.
Q
How much export credits?
Q
Mr. Secretary, how much should we consider the steps
taken today to be a payback, payoff for the Soviets' cooperation on
the Gulf crisis?
SECRETARY BAKER: You shouldn't consider any of the steps
taken today to be a payoff or a payback for the cooperation that
we've seen on the Gulf crisis. We see that cooperation across a
broad range of issues. We've talked about our cooperation with
respect to settling regional conflicts, our cooperation with respect
to arms control. And this pattern and spirit of cooperation
developed many years ago and has been improving as we move along.
So none of the measures announced today are in any sense
a payback. It is very much in the national interest of the United
States to see the Soviet Union succeed in their efforts to reform
politically and to move to a free-market economic system.
Q
Mr. Secretary, did the Minister make specific
economic requests? And if so, was there anything that you turned
down?
SECRETARY BAKER: There was nothing that was turned down.
The only request had to do with a request not for grant assistance or
gifts, if you will, but for credits that would permit the purchase of
food supplies under our commodity credit program. The President's
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decision to waive Jackson-Vanik will permit that.
Q
How much?
Q
Can I ask about your opinion of the Soviet Union?
First you --
SECRETARY BAKER: Five hundred million to $1 billion --
somewhere in that range.
0
Immediately available or do they have to be subject
to USDA review of credit worthiness, or are they available
immediately?
SECRETARY BAKER: The mechanics of implementing that will
be up to the folks that run the Commodity Credit Corporation. The
program -- it's my understanding that within certainly the lower end
of that range, there is some flexibility in the program. But that's
up to them to determine. The President has made it possible through
waiving Jackson-Vanik.
Q
Is it bulk grain or value-added?
Q
Mr. Secretary, was your decision - the problem that
concerned U.S. officials has been the distribution of food within the
Soviet Union. How will this effort by the United States assist in
that problem, which U.S. officials have said is at the heart of the
matter?
SECRETARY BAKER: One of the things the President
announced was a technical economic assistance program to assist with
the problems of distribution. The problems that exist today, I think
-- and we discussed this in Houston - have been and are being
considered by the Soviet leadership in terms of making sure that the
supplies which are purchased on the basis of these credits get where
they want them to go. Now, they know exactly where they expect to
see shortages during the course of this winter as they move toward a
market economy.
& Mr. Secretary, was your decision driven by any fear
that the Soviet Union is unstable? And if I may also direct that
question to Minister Shevardnadze. Sir, do you consider in any
respect your country on the brink of civil war?
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Let me just say a few
words in connection with President Bush's remarks. I believe that he
has made a very important statement, particularly as regards
President Bush's visit to the Soviet Union. We understand that,
during the visit of President Bush to the Soviet Union, very
important agreements will be signed.
First of all, the first treaty reducing strategic
offensive arms, a treaty that the whole world is interested in seeing
-- and in addition to that, a very important package of other
agreements is emerging and it will be signed as regards our
cooperation in trade, in the economy, in science and technology, and
specifically, I would like to mention the investment treaty.
Secondly, the President has made a very important
statement about his support for the changes happening in the Soviet
Union. I am referring to his decision to waiver the Jackson-Vanik
Amendment, and that will make it possible to give credits for the
supplies of food to the Soviet Union.
I know that it was not easy for the President to take
that decision. And, therefore, we very much appreciate the
President's decision, and I am sure that everyone in the Soviet Union
will welcome and appreciate that decision.
I also believe that it is very important that the
President has decided to favor a special status of association for
the Soviet Union with the International Monetary Fund and the World
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- 4 -
Bank.
A question has been asked here whether this was some kind
of payoff or payback for some cooperation from the Soviet Union, or
this means that we are in a new relationship, a new full-scale
relationship with the United States. I think what the President has
just announced and what the Secretary of State's remarks show that we
are indeed in a very new phase of our relations.
There was no crisis in the Persian Gulf when our two
Presidents met at Malta. And then there were other talks and
discussions between them. And I'm also referring to our ministerial
meetings at Wyoming and at Irkutsk where we spoke about cooperation
and partnership. And all the other things, such as the Persian Gulf
crisis and our cooperation on the Security Council resolutions --
that was after those important events.
And let me say how profoundly I'm gratified that we
indeed are witnessing a new relationship, a new kind of cooperation
between our two countries.
Let me express my gratification and my appreciation to
the people of the United States, to the President and the Secretary
of State for the support of your country at this very difficult time
for us.
Q
Is your country unstable? Mr. Minister, is your
country unstable?
2
Mr. Shevardnadze, you could have been free of the
Jackson-Vanik provisions a long time ago if your country had passed
an emigration law. Why wasn't that done so that you wouldn't have
been put in this bind? And, Secretary Baker, what assurances do you
really have that these promises will be met?
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Well, I agree with you.
But as you might know, the draft emigration law has been prepared.
The Soviet Foreign Ministry is one of the authors of that
legislation. That legislation has been adopted in first reading by
the Supreme Soviet. And I have no doubt that very soon there will be
a final vote and that legislation will become law.
SECRETARY BAKER: Charles, let me simply say that we have
received assurances from the Minister and the government of the
Soviet Union that the pattern of emigration that has pertained over
the past months and even years, where there has been a great increase
in the ability of people to emigrate from the Soviet Union, will be
maintained and will be continued. And you've just heard the Minister
say that they will continue to press the Supreme Soviet to pass the
emigration legislation.
Let me make sure that everyone understands here we are
talking about a waiver of Jackson-Vanik that permits the Soviet Union
to purchase from private sources in the United States food products
-- primarily grain the repayment of which will be guaranteed by
the United States government. This is not the equivalent of the
granting of most favored nations trading status. That, of course,
has not been done and that takes the conclusion of a trade agreement.
Q
Have you seen the IMF study on the Soviet Union yet?
Have you seen the IMF study?
Q
-- do you think the Soviet Union is unstable, and is
this decision driven by that calculation?
SECRETARY BAKER: Are you asking me or the Minister?
Q
First you. Well, I'd like the Minister to address
that as well.
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: The fact that there is
certain instability in the Soviet Union and that we are worried about
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that, that's a fact. But I will not say that we are on the verge of
a civil war. I have no doubt that the Soviet people will cope with
their problems. And I would like to support what the President has
just said, and that is, it is up to the Soviet people -- above all,
it is up to the Soviet people to cope with our problems. And we
certainly very much appreciate the U.S. support.
Q
Mr. Secretary, have you seen the trade treaty that
0
How long is the waiver to be in place?
SECRETARY BAKER: The waiver will have to be reviewed.
It's my understanding that the law requires a review in July of 1991.
Q
What about the previous question?
Q
What about the instability question, Mr. Secretary?
SECRETARY BAKER: The previous question -- you heard the
Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union give you an answer with respect
to the question of stability. Let me simply say that instability in
the Soviet Union is very definitely not, in my view, in the interests
of the United States of America. And instability in the Soviet Union
is not, in my view at least, in the interests of the world.
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Let me add something to
what the Secretary just said. It would be a terrible thing if we
were unable to assure stability at this time. It would be a terrible
thing for Europe and the world. It would mean negating the very
important treaties signed in Paris, the historic treaties signed in
Paris. Let me assure you that we're aware of our responsibility to
our people and to the world.
Q
Any new dates from Iraq --
Q
Are you going to be the next premier, Mr. Minister?
(Laughter.)
END
4:27 P.M. EST
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT JOBS FOR AMERICA'S GRADUATES AWARDS CEREMONY
The National Press Club
12:35 P.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Governor McKernan for those
very kind words. And let me also thank you, given all you have on
your plate to -- for your responsibilities and services, Chairman. I
also want to single out just a few here. I noticed you commented on
the former Governor, now Senator Chuck Robb's participation --
Chairman now, to those who don't know this, of the Executive
Committee of Jobs for America's Graduates; Ken Smith, who -- for the
President. Julie Nixon Eisenhower, who's done an awful lot to make
this day possible through her commitment.
And, of course, I want to salute the others that are with
us -- Governor Wilder of Virginia and Governor Castle is here from
Delaware; Governor Stevens of Montana. And then Kit Bond, a former
Governor, I understand is with us -- and there he is over here. And
then especially to salute Pete du Pont, the former Governor of
Delaware, who really presided over the genesis and really with a
stimulating word and thought behind all of this. And I'm delighted
to be with all of you distinguished people who have made such a
contribution.
Also I saw earlier Bill Brock, a former Senator, and I
know of his interest in all of this, too. And I want to congratulate
those governors not here -- it all adds up to a total of 19 governors
being honored here today. And then again, I see a lot of those in
town who do the heavy lifting when it comes to supporting all these
worthy causes. And I want to thank each and every one of you and
your foundations and your companies for seeing the light and getting
out front on this important one.
My own interest, as Jock says, dates back to the very
beginning -- not really the beginning because Pete gets the credit
for that -- but back to my time on the Board of Directors, when the
JAG -- Jobs for America's Graduates -- was nothing more than this
idea with plenty of promise. And that's why it is with special pride
that I meet with all of you -- the ones, literally, who have taken
the idea and put it into action with, I think, spectacular results.
One of my great pleasures as President is to shine the
spotlight on the success stories. Barbara calls it being a
cheerleader. Well, she's darn good at it, too, I might add. But I
think we are advantaged in having this special forum from which we
can point out to the country the great successes that are taking
place. And certainly today, JAG -- Jobs for America's Graduates --
deserves to be center stage. This organization has enjoyed lasting
support from state officials, governors and from the business
community. And it's all for one simple reason: It works. JAG
works.
Take a look at the statistics -- 92 percent of the young
people in this program were able to complete their high school
diploma or their GED last year -- 92 percent. And it doesn't stop
there. That's what Pete impressed on me and Jock has reimpressed on
me. The program assists these new graduates during that critical
school-to-work transition. Eighty-three percent of the young people
MORE
- 2 -
participating made a successful transition -- into the working world,
the Armed Services, or on to their next level of education. And JAG
accomplished all this at half the average cost of other youth
employment programs.
You've been especially effective, I'd say, in the inner
cities. Kids from low-income households, whose plans for the future
don't include college -- and may not even include finishing high
school. JAG takes aim at these at-risk kids: the ones who, without
the right help, without the right encouragement, might find
themselves out of school, on their own, no hope, no prospects,
without a future, if you will. JAG catches these kids before they
drop through the cracks -- 20,000 last year alone.
And since I know a little about this organization, I know
that you're not resting on your laurels. I'm especially pleased
that, with what Jock said here, that JAG has joined this nationwide
points of light movement with today's announcement that each
participant will be expected to engage in community service
activities. JAG's been especially effective -- I said the urban area
-- also in the urban schools. And I urge you to extend this inner
city outreach, expand this proven program to as many cities and
schools as possible. It's my hope that before long, there will be a
Jobs for America's Graduates program in every state in this country.
Because as great as it is to see these award winners here today --
and I met with them upstairs -- there's a place in this room for all
50 governors to be here. And it's no surprise to me that this
success is taking place then at the state and local level.
Last fall, as the governors and I forged our historic
partnership at the Education Summit, we recognized that excellence in
education required an effort that was not federal, but national --
one that brought all levels of government together in common cause to
improve America's schools. We've got to follow through on those
goals.
I might say parenthetically just a word about a very new
development. This morning, Secretary Cavazos, the Secretary of
Education, my dear friend, resigned as Secretary. And I think of the
contribution he made to establishing these national schools. And I
think the country will always be very, very grateful to him for his
service to country.
Since then -- since that get-together, we've made real
progress. A set of six national goals are now in place -- as is this
target date still in place for the year 2000. Efforts to expand,
flexibility, and also accountability in education are underway.
These efforts are underway. And at that summit, as Jock well knows
-- Governor McKernan -- the governors also committed to undertake a
major, state-by-state effort to restructure the education system.
And I want to turn now to this challenge -- the need for
a reform effort that results in nothing less than the restructuring
of American education. The people in this room are critical to this
reform effort. Corporate leaders -- who know education is the key to
competitiveness. Governors -- from Maine to California, along with
top education officials from each state. Teachers and principals,
whose daily dedication and commitment will mold tomorrow's citizens.
And finally, students -- young people for whom the word education
means hope and happiness, opportunity and achievement.
Let me explain to all of you about what I mean, just
briefly, about restructuring our schools. I'll limit myself to the
broad principles because the last thing we need if we want real
restructuring is a set of prescriptions, a bureaucratic blueprint
from on-high Washington, mandating the states.
One of the keys to this approach is empowering people,
not the bureaucracies. And central to empowerment is this concept of
choice -- empowering parents to decide which school is best for their
children. Choice, you see, is the catalyst for change -- the
fundamental reform that drives forward all the others.
MORE
- 3 -
Let me lay out five principles that should guide our
efforts to restructure our schools -- principles that empower
parents, expand choice, and encourage excellence in education. High
expectations, decentralized authority, schools that are responsive,
market-oriented, and performance tested.
Take the first: high expectations. We've got to raise
our sights -- for our students, for our schools. We've seen the
statistics. American kids already rank too low compared to our chief
industrial competitors. America can't settle for a C average if we
really mean to compete and get ahead. America's schools must, and
will, aspire to world-class standards.
Secondly, we've got to decentralize authority. It
wouldn't be fair to raise expectations -- to ask more of our schools
and our students -- if we tie the hands of the teachers and the
principals, particularly those who make the difference. After all,
the secret to our schools' success isn't the size of the bureaucracy.
We succeed -- or fail -- one student at a time. And the secret is
the principal who commands respect and cares deeply about each and
every kid who walks into that school -- and that special teacher, who
starts with the same tests and books and blackboard and then makes
learning come alive.
For years we've stifled our schools with requirements and
red tape. Let's give our schools something teachers and principals
don't have enough of -- authority. And then let's hold them
accountable for the results.
Third, we need responsive schools customer-driven, if
you will. Schools that involve and engage students and their parents
-- the real experts on what's best for their kids. That's central to
the concept of choice. Everywhere choice has been tried, choice has
worked -- in large part because it has brought parents into the
process, into that whole process of shaping their kids education. We
need schools that are open to the input from the business community
-- real-world institutions that can work with our schools to educate
the kind of employees they'll need tomorrow. If we want schools that
work we've got to realize that there isn't any centralized monopoly
on wisdom.
Fourth, restructuring means making our schools more
market-oriented. We know what competition means in the business
world. It's time we recognize that competition can spur excellence
in our schools. Let them open their doors to experts from outside
the teaching profession who are willing to share their wisdom in the
schools. We've got to expand what they call alternative
certification -- and tap the wealth of teaching in our society.
There's a lot of talent out there that's precluded by mindless
regulation from participating in our schools as teachers. Tap the
wealth of that teaching talent that's been kept our of the classroom
simply because they lack a teaching certificate.
Fifth and finally, we need to make sure the yardstick we
use to measure our achievement is performance-based. All the
necessary attention to rules and regulations and procedures -- all
the measures of dollars spent -- all the hardware and software --
statistics and studies cannot be allowed to obscure the one measure
that matters. And what matters is what works. Results. What kind
of kid walks out of that classroom and into society -- what our kids
know, whether we've taught them how to learn.
And one thing more while the subject is performance: We
hold students accountable for their own failure. Well, let's do the
same then for our schools.
These five principles -- high expections, decentralized
authority, schools that are responsive, market-oriented and
performance-based -- these five can guide our efforts as we
restructure American education to meet the ambitious, goals that have
been set for our nation's students and for our schools -- first set
MORE
- 4 -
by the governors of the 50 states -- as we lead America forward to
what I hope will be an education renaissance, a system that can
compete with any in the world. We've got to redouble our efforts to
achieve these goals. This restructuring must take place. .I don't
have to tell the corporate leaders in this room that America can't
expect to remain a first-class economy if we settle for second-rate
schools. And let me assure you, there is a role in this
restructuring for everybody here -- for your energy, for your ideas,
for your commitment to educational excellence.
Before I close, let me just thank once again the
companies and the foundations and the individuals whose contributions
help keep Jobs for America's Graduates going strong. The help you
provide to each young person literally lasts a lifetime. And to
those students here with us today let me recognize your
accomplishments -- but let me ask something else as well. Just as
you've been helped along the way, make it your mission to reach out
your hand to all the other kids like you who have everything they
need to succeed except encouragement.
So once again, I really wanted to come over here, Jock,
to thank you, to thank the other governors and senators that are with
us here today -- thank you for all you're doing to help the kids of
this country. May you all have a wonderfully merry Christmas. And
may God bless the United States. Thank you very, very much.
(Applause.)
END
12:50 P.M. EST
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT HANUKKAH CELEBRATION
Room 450
Old Executive Office Building
11:45 A.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Rabbis, for those lovely words
and for the gift of this lovely Menorah. It's wonderful to see the
students -- the Gesher Jewish Day School. I'm so glad you could join
us all here today to sing.
You haven't sung yet, have you? (Laughter.) Oh, good,
because I didn't want to miss that.
Let me say that Barbara and I and Marilyn and Dan Quayle
want to just welcome everybody here to the White House, for the
second year of these Hanukkah celebrations. It's a holiday of hope,
for it shows us the glory of God in our own lives and the power of
miracles in the world. Last year at this ceremony, we spoke of our
efforts to help Vladimir Raiz and other brave Refuseniks -- help them
leave the Soviet Union. By Passover, Vladimir was a free man.
But the story really doesn't stop there. In addition to
Zev Rais, more than 150,000 Soviet Jews emigrated this year to new
homes, new lives of liberty and dignity.
In fact, I am told that one kid, one child with us today
from the Gesher Jewish Day School, Lidia Shestopalova -- where's
Lidia? Here she is, right there. Now, Lidia, if that's -- oh, I'm
so glad you're here. But she recently arrived from the Soviet Union.
And so we welcome you to this country and we continue to pray for all
those who are seeking freedom. Thank you Lidia. Now, sit down and
be relaxed here. We're so glad you're here. And you're so
beautiful. (Applause.)
The ancient story of the first Hanukkah is one of victory
over persecution, aggression and intolerance. But the struggle has
continued for your people through the centuries. In fact, the first
wave of Jewish immigrants came to this country as early as 1654 to
live a life free from intolerance and persecution.
Two hundred years ago, George Washington wrote a letter
to a Jewish congregation in Newport, Rhode Island in which he said,
the United States government would give "to bigotry no sanction, to
persecution no assistance." In this new country, Washington said,
"Everyone shall sit in safety under his own vine and fig tree and
there shall be none to make him afraid." These words embody the
American ideal of freedom of worship, an ideal that we reaffirm here
today and that we pass on to the generations that follow us.
I understand that these kids -- I guess you're next --
are going to sing for us. I'm looking forward to it. I know Barbara
is, and I know Marilyn and I know Dan are as well. I was pretty good
last year at this game, Dreydel. Some said it was beginner's luck,
but I'm ready for that. Also, I'm relying heavily on my partner here
to prevail. (Laughter.) He's a pro in this. So why don't we just
have a few songs and then we'll have a little match here.
MORE
- 2 -
But the main thing is, thank you for coming. Thank you
for coming here to the White House at this very special time of year.
And thank you, Rabbis, for your inspirational words, your prayers,
and being with us here today, too. And Happy Hanukkah to everyone.
Now, let the show begin. (Applause.)
END
11:48 A.M. EST
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
The President has named the following individuals to represent
him as election observers in Haiti, December 14-17, 1990:
DELEGATION CHAIRMAN:
William Janklow, former Governor of South Dakota and his
daughter, Shonna Janklow.
DELEGATES:
Alvin P. Adams, Jr., United States Ambassador to Haiti.
Bernard W. Aronson, Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-
American Affairs.
Walter S. Fauntroy, House of Representatives, D-D.C.
Porter J. Goss, House of Representatives, R-FL.
Arturo Guzman, Member of the Advisory Council of the Small
Business Administration of Puerto Rico.
J. Michael Levesque, Mayor, City of West Warwick, Rhode Island.
Monsignor William F. Murphy, Director of the Office of Social
Justice, Archdiocese of Boston.
James L. Oberstar, House of Representatives, D-MN.
Arthur E. Teele, Jr., County Commissioner, Dade County, Florida.
Jack Webb, Senior Vice President of First City Bank Corporation
of Texas.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
December 12, 1990
The President today named the volunteers of the Mission Service
Project, of Mission, Texas, as the 324th "Daily Point of Light."
The Mission Service Project, a collaborative effort among area
churches, helps migrant workers stabilize their lives, while
working to break the cycle of poverty.
Founded in 1981, the Mission Service Project organizes two
community service efforts, the Volunteer Program and the Self
Help Project. Through the Volunteer Program, high school and
college students volunteer to repair dilapidated migrant housing.
Some volunteers dedicate a summer or holiday to working in the
barrios with migrant families who need assistance with repairing
homes. Members of churches provide room and board for the young -
people, transport them to work sites, and raise funds to purchase
construction materials.
The Self Help Project helps migrant working families obtain
permanent housing and gain marketable construction skills.
Families attend a training program for one year where they learn
English, math, parenting and budgeting skills, and home
maintenance skills. While attending the program, the families
build their own home. At the completion of the program, the
families have a permanent home and receive assistance with
obtaining employment.
The President salutes the volunteers of The Mission Service
Project as the 324th "Daily Point of Light." Daily Point of
Light recognition is intended to call every individual, group,
and organization in America to claim society's problems as their
own by taking direct and consequential action; to identify,
enlarge, and multiply successful initiatives, like the efforts of
the volunteers of The Mission Service Project; and to discover,
encourage, and develop new leaders in community service,
reflecting the President's conviction that, "From now on in
America, any definition of a successful life must include serving
others."
###
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tracey Taylor or Jill Chodorov
(202) 456-6266
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
FACT SHEET
MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
The President has decided to establish a mixed public-private
medical assistance effort to help the Soviet Union deal with
acute, immediate shortages of pharmaceutical and basic medical
supplies. The effort would rely on private voluntary
organizations, with U.S. Government support, to provide and
distribute medicines and medical supplies within the USSR. At
U.S. firms.
least initially these medicines and supplies would be donated by
A U.S. task force, with representatives from the U.S. Government
and private voluntary organizations, will be set up to coordinate
and facilitate the overall relief effort.
The Agency for International Development (AID) will contact
private voluntary organizations and pharmaceutical firms =
solicit donations. AID will provide financial assistance =
participating private voluntary organizations.
U.S. private voluntary organizations will organize, deliver
and distribute privately donated medical and pharmaceutical
supplies in the Soviet Union.
O
The U.S. Embassy in Moscow, working with Soviet authorities
in the central government and at the republic and city
level, and with U.S. private voluntary organizations already
in the USSR, will work to identify specific needs and
medical assistance priorities.
The magnitude of the program and the specific materials to be
provided will depend on both this detailed assessment of needs
and the extent of private interest in this effort.
Ideally, U.S. assistance will be targeted at specific groups in
the population needing medical supplies (e.g., disposable
syringes for infants, insulin for diabetics, drugs for those with
leukemia, etc.).
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
FACT SHEET
THE USSR AND THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS:
A SPECIAL ASSOCIATION
President Bush has proposed a Special Association of the Soviet
Union with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World
Bank that will give Moscow access to the economic and financial
expertise in those institutions. He has asked Secretary of the
Treasury Brady, as U.S. Governor of the IMF and World Bank to
pursue this proposal with the institutions and other countries
and to develop with them the necessary new arrangements.
We believe it is best for the USSR to establish such a
relationship with these institutions before addressing the issue
of full membership.
A "Special Associate" status could include the following
elements:
The IMF providing technical assistance to the Soviets on
macroeconomic, financial and exchange rate policies, as well
as advice on other issues such as fiscal policy, tax reform
and central banking issues.
The World Bank providing technical advice on specific
structural issues, such as changes in the transportation,
energy and financial sectors, as well as on critical
microeconomic issues, such as development of markets.
The Fund conducting an Annual Review of the Soviet economy,
similar to the Article IV consultation process, now done for
all IMF member countries.
The institutions placing technical experts in Moscow to
provide ongoing assistance and coordination of activities.
The Soviets continuing to attend Annual Meetings, as they
did in 1990.
The Bank and the Fund inviting the Soviets to participate in
courses offered by their respective training institutes.
The IMF and World Bank, along with the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the President-designate of
the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), are
now completing a study of the Soviet economy that was requested
at the Houston Economic Summit. A new Special Association could
allow the IMF and World Bank to build on that work and to advance
the process of economic reform and liberalization in the Soviet
Union.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
FACT SHEET
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN FOOD DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING
The United States is prepared to send to the Soviet Union this
month a team of private and public sector experts in the field of
food distribution and marketing. The team's mission will be to
assess the problems of food distribution, and provide technical
assistance to central, republic and local authorities in the
USSR.
The team will identify ways to strengthen and support market
forces in the USSR's food marketing system; consider alternatives
to assist vulnerable populations; and recommend measures to
improve the availability of food to the Soviet people.
The team will include experts from the U.S. private sector,
universities, private voluntary organizations, and the U.S.
government. Team members will work closely with Soviet
government officials, as well as officials of the republic
governments.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
FACT SHEET
WAIVER OF THE JACKSON-VANIK AMENDMENT
The President has decided to waive for the Soviet Union
application of the freedom of emigration provisions contained in
the Jackson-Vanik Amendment (Section 402) to the 1974 Trade Act.
The Jackson-Vanik amendment effectively bars access to official
credit and credit guarantee programs to countries which restrict
emigration. The President made this decision:
Based on the liberalization of Soviet emigration policy in
recent years by which an estimated 360,000 people will
emigrate in 1990;
After receiving assurances that this policy will continue;
and
O
To make food available to the Soviet Union in the form of up
to $1 billion in Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) credit
guarantees for the purchase of U.S. agricultural products.
The President's waiver will be valid until at least July 1991, at
which time he will need to determine whether to extend the
waiver.
While the President has taken this action on Jackson-Vanik, he
does not plan at this time to send the U.S.-Soviet Trade
Agreement, signed during the Washington Summit in June 1990, to
the Congress. Only when the Trade Agreement is approved by
Congress and takes effect could the Soviet Union receive MFI:
trading status.
The immediate effect of the President's action is to make the
Soviet Union eligible for export credit guarantees under the CCC
General Sales Manager program for the purchase of American
agricultural products. This form of food assistance responds to
Soviet requests for credit guarantees and will help the Soviet
authorities address current food shortages. The waiver will also
restore Soviet eligibility for Export-Import Bank credits and
credit guarantees.
O
However, the Stevenson Amendment to the Ex-Im Bank Act and
the Byrd Amendment to the 1974 Trade Act limit credits and
guarantees to $300 million, with a subceiling of $40 million
and other restrictions on Ex-Im Bank credits or guarantees
in support of the fossil fuel industry.
- more -
2
In accordance with the requirements of Jackson-Vanik, before
formally executing a waiver the President will report to Congress
his determination that a waiver will substantially promote its
freedom of emigration objectives in the Soviet Union. This
report will also state that he has received the required
assurances on Soviet emigration practices.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
FACT SHEET
Export Credit Guarantees for the USSR
The President's decision to waive the Jackson-Vanik Amendment to
the Trade Act of 1974 makes the Soviet Union eligible for export
credit guarantees provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA) Export credit guarantees are offered for agricultural
products by USDA's Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) to promote
U.S. agricultural exports. The principal program, entitled GSM-
102, offers repayment terms of up to 3 years and normally covers
98 percent of the commodity value of a transaction.
Operationally, CCC issues a guarantee for financing which is
provided through normal commercial channels. Since the largest
portion of risk is thereby transferred to CCC, the program allows
commercial credit to be extended to participating countries in
larger amounts and on more favorable terms than would otherwise
be possible. While credit terms are more favorable, interest
rates are not subsidized in the program and are usually near the
so-called London Interbank Overnight Rate (LIBOR).
A total of $5.0 billion is currently authorized annually for GSM-
102. Actual sales to 25 countries totaled $4.0 billion in FY
1990, roughly 10 percent of all U.S. agricultural exports.
Any agricultural commodity entirely produced in the United States
is eligible for coverage under the program. The program has been
used to help finance purchases of wheat, feed grains, oilseeds,
vegetable oil, livestock and dairy products, cotton and a variety
of other commodities.
The largest participants in the program in FY 1991 are Mexico
($1.2 billion) and Algeria ($675 million).
- more -
2
Agricultural Export Assistance to the USSR by
Selected Countries
Country
Government
Government
Government
Donations
Direct Credits
Guarantees
Value1 Volume²
Value¹
Volume²
Value
Volume²
Canada³
3.8
3
850
--
400
--
--
yes
:
Australia
--
--
:
Germany4
908
448
--
--
134
77
--
--
--
Netherlands
--
yes
--
--
--
Belgium
yes
--
--
--
France⁵
--
--
--
294
3,200
--
Thailand
--
51
200
--
:
--
:
Italy6
--
2,000
--
--
900
Spain6
--
--
--
1,500
--
:
Notes:
1.
Millions of U.S. Dollars
2.
Thousands of Metric Tons
3.
Canadian direct credit of $850 million has not been utilized to
date.
4.
Germany has begun shipping commodities under the new agreements.
5.
France has made sales of 500,000 MT of barley and 900,00 MT of
wheat and 150,000 MT of wheat flour.
6.
Italy and Spain offered large credit guarantees, but the
agricultural portion is unknown.
7.
Yes: Countries have offered credit, but no agreements have been
made.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT HANUKKAH CELEBRATION
Room 450
Old Executive Office Building
11:45 A.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Rabbis, for those lovely words
and for the gift of this lovely Menorah. It's wonderful to see the
students -- the Gesher Jewish Day School. I'm so glad you could join
us all here today to sing.
You haven't sung yet, have you? (Laughter.) Oh, good,
because I didn't want to miss that.
Let me say that Barbara and I and Marilyn and Dan Quayle
want to just welcome everybody here to the White House, for the
second year of these Hanukkah celebrations. It's a holiday of hope,
for it shows us the glory of God in our own lives and the power of
miracles in the world. Last year at this ceremony, we spoke of our
efforts to help Vladimir Raiz and other brave Refuseniks -- help them
leave the Soviet Union. By Passover, Vladimir was a free man.
But the story really doesn't stop there. In addition to
Zev Rais, more than 150, 000 Soviet Jews emigrated this year to new
homes, new lives of liberty and dignity.
In fact, I am told that one kid, one child with us today
from the Gesher Jewish Day School, Lidia Shestopalova -- where's
Lidia? Here she is, right there. Now, Lidia, if that's -- oh, I'm
so glad you're here. But she recently arrived from the Soviet Union.
And so we welcome you to this country and we continue to pray for all
those who are seeking freedom. Thank you Lidia. Now, sit down and
be relaxed here. We're so glad you're here. And you're so
beautiful. (Applause.)
The ancient story of the first Hanukkah is one of victory
over persecution, aggression and intolerance. But the struggle has
continued for your people through the centuries. In fact, the first
wave of Jewish immigrants came to this country as early as 1654 to
live a life free from intolerance and persecution.
Two hundred years ago, George Washington wrote a letter
to a Jewish congregation in Newport, Rhode Island in which he said,
the United States government would give "to bigotry no sanction, to
persecution no assistance." In this new country, Washington said,
"Everyone shall sit in safety under his own vine and fig tree and
there shall be none to make him afraid." These words embody the
American ideal of freedom of worship, an ideal that we reaffirm here
today and that we pass on to the generations that follow us.
I understand that these kids -- I guess you're next --
are going to sing for us. I'm looking forward to it. I know Barbara
is, and I know Marilyn and I know Dan are as well. I was pretty good
last year at this game, Dreydel. Some said it was beginner's luck,
but I'm ready for that. Also, I'm relying heavily on my partner here
to prevail. (Laughter.) He's a pro in this. So why don't we just
have a few songs and then we'll have a little match here.
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But the main thing is, thank you for coming. Thank you
for coming here to the White House at this very special time of year.
And thank you, Rabbis, for your inspirational words, your prayers,
and being with us here today, too. And Happy Hanukkah to everyone.
Now, let the show begin. (Applause.)
END
11:48 A.M. EST
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
EXECUTIVE ORDER
PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
By the authority vested in me as President by the
Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and
in order to establish, in accordance with the provisions of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. App.), an
advisory committee on environmental quality, it is hereby
ordered as follows:
Section 1. Establishment. There is established the
President's Commission on Environmental Quality ("Commission").
The Commission shall comprise not more than 25 members to be
appointed by the President. One of the members shall be the
Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality. The remaining
members shall be individuals from the private sector who have
experience in various aspects of environmental and natural
resources matters. The Chairman of the Council on Environmental
Quality shall serve as Chairman of the Commission and shall
report directly to the President.
Sec. 2. Functions. (a) The Commission, through the
Chairman, shall advise the President on matters involving
environmental quality.
(b) The Chairman may, from time to time, invite experts
to submit information to the Commission and may direct the
members to investigate and report to the Commission on specific
environmental issues of national consequence.
Sec. 3. Administration. (a) The heads of executive
agencies shall, to the extent permitted by law, provide to the
Commission such information with respect to environmental and
natural resources matters as the Commission requires for the
purpose of carrying out its functions.
(b) Members of the Commission shall serve without any
compensation for their work on the Commission. However, members
appointed from among private citizens of the United States may
be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of
subsistence, as authorized by law for persons serving inter-
mittently in the Government service (5 U.S.C. 5701-5707).
(c) Any expenses of the Commission shall be paid from the
funds available for the expenses of the Council on Environmental
Quality.
(d) The Office of Administration shall, on a reimbursable
basis, provide such administrative services as may be required.
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(OVER)
2
Sec. 4. General. Notwithstanding any other Executive
order, the functions of the President under the Federal Advisory
Committee Act, as amended, except that of reporting to the
Congress, which are applicable to the Commission, shall be
performed by the Council on Environmental Quality in accord with
the guidelines and procedures established by the Administrator
of General Services.
GEORGE BUSH
THE WHITE HOUSE,
December 12, 1990.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
EXECUTIVE ORDER
ADJUSTMENTS OF CERTAIN RATES OF PAY AND ALLOWANCES
By the authority vested in me as President by the
Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including
sections 703 and 704 of Public Law 101-194; section 302 of the
Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of 1990, as incorporated
in section 529 of Public Law 101-509; section 618 of Public
Law 101-509; section 601 of Public Law 101-510; section 321 of
Public Law 101-520; and section 5382 of title 5, United States
Code, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Statutory pay systems. The rates of basic pay
or salaries of the following statutory pay systems are set forth
on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:
(a) The General Schedule (5 U.S.C. 5332(a)) at Schedule 1;
(b) The Foreign Service Schedule (22 U.S.C. 3963) at
Schedule 2; and
(c) The schedules for the Veterans Health Services and
Research Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs
(38 U.S.C. 4107) at Schedule 3.
Sec. 2. Senior Executive Service. Pursuant to
section 5382 of title 5, United States Code, the rates of
basic pay for members of the Senior Executive Service are set
forth on Schedule 4 attached hereto and made a part hereof.
Sec. 3. Executive salaries. The rates of pay or salaries
for the following offices and positions are set forth on the
schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:
(a) The Executive Schedule (5 U.S.C. 5312-5316) at
Schedule 5;
(b) The Vice President (3 U.S.C. 104) and Congress
(2 U.S.C. 31) at Schedule 6; and
(c) Justices and judges (28 U.S.C. 5, 44 (d), 135, and 252)
at Schedule 7.
Sec. 4. Uniformed services. Pursuant to section 601
of Public Law 101-510, the rates of monthly basic pay
(37 U.S.C. 203 (a)) the rates of basic allowances for
subsistence (37 U.S.C. 402), and the rates of basic allowances
for quarters (37 U.S.C. 403 (a) ) for members of the uniformed
services are set forth at Schedule 8 attached hereto and made
a part hereof.
Sec. 5. Interim geographic adjustments. (a) Pursuant
to section 302 of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act
of 1990, as incorporated in section 529 of Public Law 101-509,
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2
employees under the statutory pay systems covered under
section 1 of this order who are assigned to a duty station
located in one of the geographical areas listed in Schedule 9
shall be entitled, except as may be provided under
subsection (b) of this section, to receive an interim geographic
adjustment at the rate shown on Schedule 9, which schedule is
attached hereto and made a part hereof.
(b) (1) The Office of Personnel Management shall prescribe
regulations governing the application of interim geographic
adjustments to General Schedule employees, including the
determination of what, if any, geographic adjustment shall be
payable in the case of employees receiving special pay rates.
(2) The Secretary of State shall prescribe regulations
governing the application of interim geographic adjustments
to employees under the Foreign Service Schedule, consistent
with the regulations and determinations prescribed under
paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(3) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall prescribe
regulations governing the application of interim geographic
adjustments to employees under the schedules for the Veterans
Health Services and Research Administration of the Department
of Veterans Affairs, consistent with the regulations and
determinations prescribed under paragraph (1) of this
subsection.
Sec. 6. Effective dates. The rates of monthly basic pay
and allowances for subsistence and quarters for members of the
uniformed services provided for at Schedule 8 are effective on
January 1, 1991. The other schedules provided for herein are
effective on the first day of the first applicable pay period
beginning on or after January 1, 1991.
Sec. 7. Executive Order No. 12698 of December 23, 1989, is
superseded.
GEORGE BUSH
THE WHITE HOUSE,
December 12, 1990.
# # #
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
SECRETARY OF STATE JAMES BAKER
AND FOREIGN MINISTER EDUARD SHEVARDNADZE
IN PRESS AVAILABILITY
The Rose Garden
4:06 P.M. EDT
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Minister, welcome.
I have a brief statement, and then I will turn the
conference here -- press conference -- over to Minister Shevardnadze
and Secretary of State Baker to respond to questions. But I have
just had an opportunity to discuss with Foreign Minister Shevardnadze
a number of issues of J.S.-Soviet relations, including our
cooperation in the Gulf. And I'm pleased with the great progress
that we made on START and hopeful that we will be ready to sign a
treaty at a summit in Moscow on February 11 through 13th.
We also talked at length about the situation in the
Soviet Union and the response of the United States to the economic
problems there. I asked Minister Shevardnadze to convey to President
Gorbachev my desire to respond both to the short-term needs of the
Soviet Union and to contribute to fundamental economic reform -- long
supported perestroika and continue to.
We discussed frankly the relationship of economic change
in the Soviet Union to the critical task of democratization. And I
reitierated our strong desire to see both political and economic
reform continue because they are inextricably linked. I outlined
specific and important steps that we're willing to take in support of
reform. And after consulting closely with Secretary Yeutter as well
as Secretaries Brady and Baker, I told Minister Shevardnadze that I
am prepared to respond to a Soviet request for credit guarantees for
purchase of agricultural commodities through a waiver of the
Jackson-Vanik Amendment.
While I've taken this step I still look forward to a
passage of the Soviet emigration law codifying the generally
excellent practices of the past year. And this then will permit us
to make further progress toward the normalization of the U.S.-Soviet
economic relationship.
In addition, we have proposed to the Soviets a special
technical assistant project to help in assessing their food
distribution problem and to support market reforms. I will also
authorize a joint public-private medical assistance effort to help
the Soviet Union cope with immediate shortages of pharmaceuticals and
basic medical supplies.
In the longer term, only steps that the Soviet Union
itself takes can assure the economic health there. Thus, to promote
fundamental economic reform I will propose that the World Bank and
the IMF work out with the Soviet Union a special association to give
the USSR access to the considerable financial and economic expertise
of those institutions.
I have asked Secretary of the Treasury Nick Brady, as
U.S. Governor of both institutions, to pursue this proposal with them
and also with our other allies, who I'm sure will be in accord.
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As I have said before, I want perestroika to succeed.
The Soviet Union is facing tough times, difficult times. But I
believe that this is a good reason to act now in order to help the
Soviet Union stay the course of democratization and to undertake
market reforms. The United States has an interest in the Soviet
Union, able to play a role as a full and prosperous member of the
International Community of States. And I am hopeful that these
initiatives will further that goal.
Mr. Minister, we're delighted you're here, and now I'll
turn this over to you and Jim Baker.
Q Mr. President, does that mean a START treaty has
been completed?
THE PRESIDENT: The question will be handled by the
Secretary of State and --
SECRETARY BAKER: Let me answer your question about a
START treaty by saying that we made some very good progress, I think,
in Houston. There are still some issues that remain, and I think
beyond that, the President's statement speaks for itself. We would
hope very much that the treaty would be ready -- would hope that it
would be ready for signature over the February 11th to 13th date in
Moscow.
Q
What are the remaining issues?
Q
What issues were resolved that hadn't been resolved
before Shevardnadze came to Houston?
SECRETARY BAKER: The issues are very technical issues
involving a number of different -- some verification issues, issues
respecting monitoring of solid rocket facilities or missile assembly
facilities. I'm sure you're quite familiar with the perimeter portal
monitoring concept, Jim. (Laughter.) It's those kinds of issues
we're still struggling with, and we still have quite a few of those
to deal with.
Now, the Minister said inside that he thought it would be
useful if we had an in-depth discussion in here of telemetry
incription and the problem of the shroud that's involved in that.
(Laughter.) But we decided not to do that. But those are the kinds
of issues we're dealing with.
& How much export credits?
Q Mr. Secretary, how much should we consider the steps
taken today to be a payback, payoff for the Soviets' cooperation on
the Gulf crisis?
SECRETARY BAKER: You shouldn't consider any of the steps
taken today to be a payoff or a payback for the cooperation that
we've seen on the Gulf crisis. We see that cooperation across a
broad range of issues. We've talked about our cooperation with
respect to settling regional conflicts, our cooperation with respect
to arms control. And this pattern and spirit of cooperation
developed many years ago and has been improving as we move along.
So none of the measures announced today are in any sense
a payback. It is very much in the national interest of the United
States to see the Soviet Union succeed in their efforts to reform
politically and to move to a free-market economic system.
Q
Mr. Secretary, did the Minister make specific
economic requests? And if so, was there anything that you turned
down?
SECRETARY BAKER: There was nothing that was turned down.
The only request had to do with a request not for grant assistance or
gifts, if you will, but for credits that would permit the purchase of
food supplies under our commodity credit program. The President's
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decision to waive Jackson-Vanik will permit that.
Q
How much?
Q
Can I ask about your opinion of the Soviet Union?
First you
SECRETARY BAKER: Five hundred million to $1 billion --
somewhere in that range.
Q
Immediately available or do they have to be subject
to USDA review of credit worthiness, or are they available
immediately?
SECRETARY BAKER: The mechanics of implementing that will
be up to the folks that run the Commodity Credit Corporation. The
program - it's my understanding that within certainly the lower end
of that range, there is some flexibility in the program. But that's
up to them to determine. The President has made it possible through
waiving Jackson-Vanik.
Q
Is it bulk grain or value-added?
Q Mr. Secretary, was your decision the problem that
concerned U.S. officials has been the distribution of food within the
Soviet Union. How will this effort by the United States assist in
that problem, which U.S. officials have said is at the heart of the
matter?
SECRETARY BAKER: One of the things the President
announced was a technical economic assistance program to assist with
the problems of distribution. The problems that exist today, I think
-- and we discussed this in Houston -- have been and are being
considered by the Soviet leadership in terms of making sure that the
supplies which are purchased on the basis of these credits get where
they want them to go. Now, they know exactly where they expect to
see shortages during the course of this winter as they move toward a
market economy.
Q
Mr. Secretary, was your decision driven by any fear
that the Soviet Union is unstable? And if I may also direct that
question to Minister Shevardnadze. Sir, do you consider in any
respect your country on the brink of civil war?
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Let me just say a few
words in connection with President Bush's remarks. I believe that he
has made a very important statement, particularly as regards
President Bush's visit to the Soviet Union. We understand that,
during the visit of President Bush to the Soviet Union, very
important agreements will be signed.
First of all, the first treaty reducing strategic
offensive arms, a treaty that the whole world is interested in seeing
-- and in addition to that, a very important package of other
agreements is emerging and it will be signed as regards our
cooperation in trade, in the economy, in science and technology, and
specifically, I would like to mention the investment treaty.
Secondly, the President has made a very important
statement about his support for the changes happening in the Soviet
Union. I am referring to his decision to waiver the Jackson-Vanik
Amendment, and that will make it possible to give credits for the
supplies of food to the Soviet Union.
I know that it was not easy for the President to take
that decision. And, therefore, we very much appreciate the
President's decision, and I am sure that everyone in the Soviet Union
will welcome and appreciate that decision.
I also believe that it is very important that the
President has decided to favor a special status of association for
the Soviet Union with the International Monetary Fund and the World
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Bank.
A question has been asked here whether this was some kind
of payoff or payback for some cooperation from the Soviet Union, or
this means that we are in a new relationship, a new full-scale
relationship with the United States. I think what the President has
just announced and what the Secretary of State's remarks show that we
are indeed in a very new phase of our relations.
There was no crisis in the Persian Gulf when our two
Presidents met at Malta. And then there were other talks and
discussions between them. And I'm also referring to our ministerial
meetings at Wyoming and at Irkutsk where we spoke about cooperation
and partnership. And all the other things, such as the Persian Gulf
crisis and our cooperation on the Security Council resolutions --
that was after those important events.
And let me say how profoundly I'm gratified that we
indeed are witnessing a new relationship, a new kind of cooperation
between our two countries.
Let me express my gratification and my appreciation to
the people of the United States, to the President and the Secretary
of State for the support of your country at this very difficult time
for us.
Q
Is your country unstable? Mr. Minister, is your
country unstable?
2
Mr. Shevardnadze, you could have been free of the
Jackson-Vanik provisions a long time ago if your country had passed
an emigration law. Why wasn't that done so that you wouldn't have
been put in this bind? And, Secretary Baker, what assurances do you
really have that these promises will be met?
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Well, I agree with you.
But as you might know, the draft emigration law has been prepared.
The Soviet Foreign Ministry is one of the authors of that
legislation. That legislation has been adopted in first reading by
the Supreme Soviet. And I have no doubt that very soon there will be
a final vote and that legislation will become law.
SECRETARY BAKER: Charles, let me simply say that we have
received assurances from the Minister and the government of the
Soviet Union that the pattern of emigration that has pertained over
the past months and even years, where there has been a great increase
in the ability of people to emigrate from the Soviet Union, will be
maintained and will be continued. And you've just heard the Minister
say that they will continue to press the Supreme Soviet to pass the
emigration legislation.
Let me make sure that everyone understands here we are
talking about a waiver of Jackson-Vanik that permits the Soviet Union
to purchase from private sources in the United States food products
-- primarily grain the repayment of which will be guaranteed by
the United States government. This is not the equivalent of the
granting of most favored nations trading status. That, of course,
has not been done and that takes the conclusion of a trade agreement.
Q
Have you seen the IMF study on the Soviet Union yet?
Have you seen the IMF study?
Q
-- do you think the Soviet Union is unstable, and is
this decision driven by that calculation?
SECRETARY BAKER: Are you asking me or the Minister?
Q
First you. Well, I'd like the Minister to address
that as well.
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: The fact that there is
certain instability in the Soviet Union and that we are worried about
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that, that's a fact. But I will not say that we are on the verge of
a civil war. I have no doubt that the Soviet people will cope with
their problems. And I would like to support what the President has
just said, and that is, it is up to the Soviet people -- above all,
it is up to the Soviet people to cope with our problems. And we
certainly very much appreciate the U.S. support.
Q
Mr. Secretary, have you seen the trade treaty that
--
Q
How long is the waiver to be in place?
SECRETARY BAKER: The waiver will have to be reviewed.
It's my understanding that the law requires a review in July of 1991.
Q
What about the previous question?
Q
What about the instability question, Mr. Secretary?
SECRETARY BAKER: The previous question -- you heard the
Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union give you an answer with respect
to the question of stability. Let me simply say that instability in
the Soviet Union is very definitely not, in my view, in the interests
of the United States of America. And instability in the Soviet Union
is not, in my view at least, in the interests of the world.
FOREIGN MINISTER SHEVARDNADZE: Let me add something to
what the Secretary just said. It would be a terrible thing if we
were unable to assure stability at this time. It would be a terrible
thing for Europe and the world. It would mean negating the very
important treaties signed in Paris, the historic treaties signed in
Paris. Let me assure you that we're aware of our responsibility to
our people and to the world.
0
Any new dates from Iraq --
Q
Are you going to be the next premier, Mr. Minister?
(Laughter.)
END
4:27 P.M. EST
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 12, 1990
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT JOBS FOR AMERICA'S GRADUATES AWARDS CEREMONY
The National Press Club
12:35 P.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Governor McKernan for those
very kind words. And let me also thank you, given all you have on
your plate to -- for your responsibilities and services, Chairman. I
also want to single out just a few here. I noticed you commented on
the former Governor, now Senator Chuck Robb's participation --
Chairman now, to those who don't know this, of the Executive
Committee of Jobs for America's Graduates; Ken Smith, who -- for the
President. Julie Nixon Eisenhower, who's done an awful lot to make
this day possible through her commitment.
And, of course, I want to salute the others that are with
us -- Governor Wilder of Virginia and Governor Castle is here from
Delaware; Governor Stevens of Montana. And then Kit Bond, a former
Governor, I understand is with us -- and there he is over here. And
then especially to salute Pete du Pont, the former Governor of
Delaware, who really presided over the genesis and really with a
stimulating word and thought behind all of this. And I'm delighted
to be with all of you distinguished people who have made such a
contribution.
Also I saw earlier Bill Brock, a former Senator, and I
know of his interest in all of this, too. And I want to congratulate
those governors not here -- it all adds up to a total of 19 governors
being honored here today. And then again, I see a lot of those in
town who do the heavy lifting when it comes to supporting all these
worthy causes. And I want to thank each and every one of you and
your foundations and your companies for seeing the light and getting
out front on this important one.
My own interest, as Jock says, dates back to the very
beginning -- not really the beginning because Pete gets the credit
for that -- but back to my time on the Board of Directors, when the
JAG -- Jobs for America's Graduates -- was nothing more than this
idea with plenty of promise. And that's why it is with special pride
that I meet with all of you -- the ones, literally, who have taken
the idea and put it into action with, I think, spectacular results.
One of my great pleasures as President is to shine the
spotlight on the success stories. Barbara calls it being a
cheerleader. Well, she's darn good at it, too, I might add. But I
think we are advantaged in having this special forum from which we
can point out to the country the great successes that are taking
place. And certainly today, JAG -- Jobs for America's Graduates --
deserves to be center stage. This organization has enjoyed lasting
support from state officials, governors and from the business
community. And it's all for one simple reason: It works. JAG
works.
Take a look at the statistics -- 92 percent of the young
people in this program were able to complete their high school
diploma or their GED last year -- 92 percent. And it doesn't stop
there. That's what Pete impressed on me and Jock has reimpressed on
me. The program assists these new graduates during that critical
school-to-work transition. Eighty-three percent of the young people
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participating made a successful transition -- into the working world,
the Armed Services, or on to their next level of education. And JAG
accomplished all this at half the average cost of other youth
employment programs.
You've been especially effective, I'd say, in the inner
cities. Kids from low-income households, whose plans for the future
don't include college -- and may not even include finishing high
school. JAG takes aim at these at-risk kids: the ones who, without
the right help, without the right encouragement, might find
themselves out of school, on their own, no hope, no prospects,
without a future, if you will. JAG catches these kids before they
drop through the cracks -- 20,000 last year alone.
And since I know a little about this organization, I know
that you're not resting on your laurels. I'm especially pleased
that, with what Jock said here, that JAG has joined this nationwide
points of light movement with today's announcement that each
participant will be expected to engage in community service
activities. JAG's been especially effective -- I said the urban area
-- also in the urban schools. And I urge you to extend this inner
city outreach, expand this proven program to as many cities and
schools as possible. It's my hope that before long, there will be a
Jobs for America's Graduates program in every state in this country.
Because as great as it is to see these award winners here today --
and I met with them upstairs -- there's a place in this room for all
50 governors to be here. And it's no surprise to me that this
success is taking place then at the state and local level.
Last fall, as the governors and I forged our historic
partnership at the Education Summit, we recognized that excellence in
education required an effort that was not federal, but national --
one that brought all levels of government together in common cause to
improve America's schools. We've got to follow through on those
goals.
I might say parenthetically just a word about a very new
development. This morning, Secretary Cavazos, the Secretary of
Education, my dear friend, resigned as Secretary. And I think of the
contribution he made to establishing these national schools. And I
think the country will always be very, very grateful to him for his
service to country.
Since then -- since that get-together, we've made real
progress. A set of six national goals are now in place -- as is this
target date still in place for the year 2000. Efforts to expand,
flexibility, and also accountability in education are underway.
These efforts are underway. And at that summit, as Jock well knows
-- Governor McKernan -- the governors also committed to undertake a
major, state-by-state effort to restructure the education system.
And I want to turn now to this challenge -- the need for
a reform effort that results in nothing less than the restructuring
of American education. The people in this room are critical to this
reform effort. Corporate leaders -- who know education is the key to
competitiveness. Governors -- from Maine to California, along with
top education officials from each state. Teachers and principals,
whose daily dedication and commitment will mold tomorrow's citizens.
And finally, students -- young people for whom the word education
means hope and happiness, opportunity and achievement.
Let me explain to all of you about what I mean, just
briefly, about restructuring our schools. I'll limit myself to the
broad principles because the last thing we need if we want real
restructuring is a set of prescriptions, a bureaucratic blueprint
from on-high Washington, mandating the states.
One of the keys to this approach is empowering people,
not the bureaucracies. And central to empowerment is this concept of
choice` -- empowering parents to decide which school is best for their
children. Choice, you see, is the catalyst for change -- the
fundamental reform that drives forward all the others.
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Let me lay out five principles that should guide our
efforts to restructure our schools principles that empower
parents, expand choice, and encourage excellence in education. High
expectations, decentralized authority, schools that are responsive,
market-oriented, and performance tested.
Take the first: high expectations. We've got to raise
our sights for our students, for our schools. We've seen the
statistics. American kids already rank too low compared to our chief
industrial competitors. America can't settle for a C average if we
really mean to compete and get ahead. America's schools must, and
will, aspire to world-class standards.
Secondly, we've got to decentralize authority. It
wouldn't be fair to raise expectations -- to ask more of our schools
and our students -- if we tie the hands of the teachers and the
principals, particularly those who make the difference. After all,
the secret to our schools' success isn't the size of the bureaucracy.
We succeed -- or fail -- one student at a time. And the secret is
the principal who commands respect and cares deeply about each and
every kid who walks into that school -- and that special teacher, who
starts with the same tests and books and blackboard and then makes
learning come alive.
For years we've stifled our schools with requirements and
red tape. Let's give our schools something teachers and principals
don't have enough of authority. And then let's hold them
accountable for the results.
Third, we need responsive schools -- customer-driven, if
you will. Schools that involve and engage students and their parents
the real experts on what's best for their kids. That's central to
the concept of choice. Everywhere choice has been tried, choice has
worked -- in large part because it has brought parents into the
process, into that whole process of shaping their kids education. We
need schools that are open to the input from the business community
-- real-world institutions that can work with our schools to educate
the kind of employees they'll need tomorrow. If we want schools that
work we've got to realize that there isn't any centralized monopoly
on wisdom.
Fourth, restructuring means making our schools more
market-oriented. We know what competition means in the business
world. It's time we recognize that competition can spur excellence
in our schools. Let them open their doors to experts from outside
the teaching profession who are willing to share their wisdom in the
schools. We've got to expand what they call alternative
certification -- and tap the wealth of teaching in our society.
There's a lot of talent out there that's precluded by mindless
regulation from participating in our schools as teachers. Tap the
wealth of that teaching talent that's been kept our of the classroom
simply because they lack a teaching certificate.
Fifth and finally, we need to make sure the yardstick we
use to measure our achievement is performance-based. All the
necessary attention to rules and regulations and procedures -- all
the measures of dollars spent -- all the hardware and software --
statistics and studies cannot be allowed to obscure the one measure
that matters. And what matters is what works. Results. What kind
of kid walks out of that classroom and into society what our kids
know, whether we've taught them how to learn.
And one thing more while the subject is performance: We
hold students accountable for their own failure. Well, let's do the
same then for our schools.
These five principles high expections, decentralized
authority, schools that are responsive, market-oriented and
performance-based these five can guide our efforts as we
restructure American education to meet the ambitious goals that have
been set for our nation's students and for our schools -- first set
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by the governors of the 50 states -- as we lead America forward to
what I hope will be an education renaissance, a system that can
compete with any in the world. We've got to redouble our efforts to
achieve these goals. This restructuring must take place. I don't
have to tell the corporate leaders in this room that America can't
expect to remain a first-class economy if we settle for second-rate
schools. And let me assure you, there is a role in this
restructuring for everybody here -- for your energy, for your ideas,
for your commitment to educational excellence.
Before I close, let me just thank once again the
companies and the foundations and the individuals whose contributions
help keep Jobs for America's Graduates going strong. The help you
provide to each young person literally lasts à lifetime. And to
those students here with us today let me recognize your
accomplishments == but let me ask something else as well. Just as
you've been helped along the way, make it your mission to reach out
your hand to all the other kids like you who have everything they
need to succeed except encouragement.
So once again, I really wanted to come over here, Jock,
to thank you, to thank the other governors and senators that are with
us here today == thank you for all you're doing to help the kids of
this country: May you all have a wonderfully merry Christmas. And
may God bless the United States. Thank you very, very much.
(Applause.)
END
12:50 P.M. EST