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September 1989
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2009-0275-S
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administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
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Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin: Scowcroft, Brent, Collection
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Media Articles Files
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85041
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September 1989
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O
GENERAL BRENT SCOWCROFT
MEDIA ARTICLES
SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 1989
September 1989
AMERICAS SOCIETY
September/October 1989
UPDATE
Council of the Americas
Latin American Affairs
Canadian Affairs
Visual Arts
Literature
Development
Americas Society
Update
Editor
Daniel Shapiro
Design
de Harak & Poulin
Associates, Inc.
Americas Society
Presorted
680 Park Avenue
First Class Mail
New York, New York 10021
U.S. Postage Paid
212-249-8950
New York, NY
Permit No. 8538
LA1
Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft
Special Asst. to the President
for National Security Affairs
White House
Washington, DC 2
The Washington Post
The New York Times
The Washington Times
The Wall Street Journal
B-4
White House Is Planning a New Drive
The Christian Science Monitor
New York Daily News
To Continue Contra Aid Until February
USA Today
The Chicago Tribune
By GERALD F. SEIB
Honduras. House Speaker Thomas Foley
Date 1 Sept 89
Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
(D., Wash. ) has said in recent days that
WASHINGTON-The Bush administra-
humanitarian aid should continue until the
tion is planning a new campaign to keep
elections despite the new peace plan. But
humanitarian aid flowing to Nicaragua's
other Democrats haven't decided whether
Contra rebels until the country holds elec-
the U.S. should continue aid that will help
tions next February.
keep Contra fighters in the field.
Administration aides say they are be-
The administration appears to have ac-
ginning to plan speeches and policy state-
quired an important ally, Costa Rican
ments to increase pressure on Democrats
President Oscar Arias, in its campaign to
in Congress to continue the aid, which
continue aid. Sen. Richard Lugar (R.,
could be cut off at the end of November
Ind. ) has just returned from a Latin Amer-
under a White House-congressional agree-
ican trip and said this week that President
ment reached last March.
Arias told him that American humanitar-
In addition, officials are considering de-
ian aid for the Contras should continue
classifying and releasing Central Intelli-
through the Nicaraguan elections "and
gence Agency documents buttressing the
perhaps after that."
administration's contention that Nicara-
Mr. Arias has been the driving force be-
gua's Sandinista government has been re-
hind the Central American peace process.
ceiving an increasing supply of military
His opinion has been particularly influen-
equipment from Cuba and Soviet bloc na-
tions.
tial with congressional Democrats.
U.S. and Central American officials es-
The first round in the new campaign
timate there are 60,000 to 70,000 Contra
was a little-noticed speech given by Vice
fighters and their family members in rebel
President Dan Quayle on Aug. 21 to the
camps along the Nicaraguan-Honduran
Veterans of Foreign Wars. That speech,
border. Though the recent Central Ameri-
which was worked on by high-level White
can peace plan calls for procedures to al-
House and State Department aides, argued
low these rebels to safely return to Nicara-
that until Contra rebels can enjoy "safe
gua and to participate openly in the politi-
and democratic conditions" in Nicaragua,
"it will remain a moral obligation of the
cal process, Mr. Quayle argued in his
speech that "safe and democratic condi-
United States to continue its humanitarian
assistance."
tions do not exist in Nicaragua today."
Besides Mr. Quayle, national security
White House aides were disappointed,
adviser Brent Scowcroft, deputy national
though, that the speech didn't attract more
security adviser Robert Gates and deputy
attention and that it wasn't followed up by
secretary of state Lawrence Eagleburger
similar statements from other top officials.
worked on the vice president's speech. Of-
The administration intends to begin follow-
ficials said that, in addition to re-empha-
ing up after Labor Day, officials say.
sizing the themes from that address, the
Under their March accord, President
administration plans to try to focus atten-
Bush and congressional leaders agreed to
tion on steps the administration thinks Nic-
keep aid flowing to the Contras at a rate of
about $4.5 million a month until the Febru-
aragua's Sandinista leaders are taking to
rig the elections to ensure that they win.
ary elections, provided the administration
supported regional peace plans. But in a
side letter to Congress, the administration
pledged that it wouldn't send any aid after
Nov. 30 unless the chairmen of four con-
gressional committees overseeing appro-
priations and foreign relations submitted
letters approving further assistance. All
the chairmen are Democrats, and Demo-
cratic lawmakers saw the plan as a way to
ensure administration support for peace ef-
forts.
Congress's interest in continuing aid
past November was thrown into doubt in
early August, when leaders of five Central
American nations signed a peace plan call-
ing for voluntary demobilization of the
Contras, who operate from base camps in
Page
24
WASHINGTON POST, 9/ p. A-20
Bush Gives Kaifu Positive Send-Off,
Emphasizes Security Ties
By Don Oberdorfer
cialist Party. Public reaction to a
ported Brady's view that it is im-
strenuous effort and time to
new national tax as well as financial
portant to achieve early progress in
straighten them out."
Washington Post Staff Writer
and sexual scandals were blamed
the talks but did not mention a spe-
In the structural impediments
President Bush, meeting his third
for the downfall of Kaifu's two pre-
cific date.
talks, the United States is asking
Japanese prime minister since Feb-
decessors earlier this year.
Aside from Bush's general re-
Japan to deal with some of the under-
ruary, went to unusual lengths yes-
In another echo of the ticklish
marks at the White House depar-
lying conditions that have contrib-
terday to give a political boost to
political situation in Japan, Kaifu
ture ceremony, reports of what
uted to the persistent U.S. trade def-
told Bush, "I cannot guarantee" that
took place in the White House
Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu, de-
icit with Japan, running at $50 billion
progress will be made by next
meeting came almost entirely from
annually. On the U.S. priority list are
claring that the two leaders had
spring in the new U.S.-Japan "struc-
Japanese officials. Kaifu answered
such issues as the Japanese distribu-
reached "broad agreement" in near-
ly three hours of talks.
tural impediments" talks that are to
questions at the National Press
tion system and price mechanisms,
begin Monday in Tokyo. While
Club in mid-afternoon, and Japanese
exclusionary business practices and
At Japan's request, Bush inter-
hedged with declarations of good
officials held extensive briefings for
Japanese incentives that lead to a
rupted his Kennebunkport, Maine,
intentions, the statement was un-
American and Japanese reporters.
very high rate of domestic savings
vacation and flew 500 miles to the
usually strong for a Japanese leader
In contrast, the White House de-
and investment.
White House yesterday morning for
and was being reported by the Jap-
clined to provide any information
In an unusual move reflecting
a formal meeting and lunch to give
anese press as a sign to the voters
other than a briefing by National
increasing Japanese irritation with
Kaifu's three-week-old government
at home that Kaifu will stand up to
Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft
the United States, Tokyo is
a positive, official U.S. send-off. Im-
pressure for trade concessions from
aboard Air Force One as Bush re-
presenting its list of U.S. structural
mediately after bidding Kaifu fare-
the United States.
turned to Kennebunkport.
impediments to trade to be dis-
well, Bush flew back to Maine.
Kaifu made his "no guarantee"
Scowcroft said Bush pressed for
cussed in the new talks. According
Both Bush and Kaifu placed un-
remark after an appeal over the
improvements in the trade relation-
to Japanese officials, their list in-
usually strong emphasis on the
White House luncheon table by
ship and that "the mood of the Con-
cludes the low rate of U.S. net say-
U.S.-Japan security relationship,
Treasury Secretary Nicholas F.
gress and the American people was
ings, including the big U.S. budg-
Brady that it is "important to have
such that we would have serious
which Bush called "vital not only to
etary deficit, U.S. corporate behav-
problems if the Japanese didn't take
our joint security but to the stability
progress by next spring" in the new
ior that emphasizes short-term
of the entire Asia-Pacific region."
trade discussions. A similar appeal,
steps
on the structural imped-
profits over long-term investments
using the same timetable, was.
iments initiative. [Bush] made that
and insufficient U.S. efforts at pro-
The security relationship is in ques-
presented earlier in the day by Sec-
very clear."
motion of exports.
tion now because its political spon-
retary of State James A. Baker III
Kaifu understood that, Scowcroft
sor in Japan, the conservative Lib-
in a meeting with Foreign Minister
said, but responded that "the so-
Staff writers Stuart Auerbach in
eral Democratic Party that has
Taro Nakayama.
called structural impediments are
Washington and David Hoffman in
been in power since 1955, is sud-
Bush, according to an account
sort of deeply ingrained in the Jap-
Kennebunkport contributed to this
denly in danger of losing to the So-
from Japanese officials, said he sup-
anese system and that it would take
report.
Baker, Shevardnadze to Meet in 3 Weeks
Reuter
bilateral matters, arms control
Secretary of State James A.
and transnational issues," the
Baker III and Soviet' Foreign
State Department said.
Officials have that said the
Minister Eduard Shevardnadze
meeting, at a mountain lodge
will meet Sept. 22 and 23 in
owned by the National Park Ser-
Wyoming for talks officials have
vice in Grand Teton National
said could set the stage for the
Park, could lay the groundwork
Bush administration's first su-
for the first summit between
perpower summit.
President Bush and Soviet Pres-
"The discussions between the
ident Mikhail Gorbachev.
two ministers will cover the full
Baker and Shevardnadze met
U.S. Soviet agenda, including
in Paris in July and Baker met
human rights, regional conflicts,
Gorbachev in Moscow in May.
Bush Welcomes New Tokyo Leader
By CLYDE H. FARNSWORTH
cratic Party has lost control of the
like anticompetitive business prac-
Special to The New York Times
upper house of Parliament and faces
tices, blockages in the retail distribu-
WASHINGTON, Sept. 1 - In a get-
elections for the lower house within 10
tion system, a restrictive land use
acquainted session at the White House,
months.
policy and Japan's high rate of savings.
President Bush urged Prime Minister
The Japanese leader stressed, in re-
Pointing at U.S. Problems
Toshiki Kaifu today to transform
marks here today and in San Francisco
Japan into an "import superpower" to
on Wednesday, that Japan was an
For their part the Japanese raise ob-
equal partner of the United States and
jections to such factors in the United
curb trade tensions and cement an "en-
that it was not just Japan that needed
States as low savings, emphasis on
during partnership" with the United
to make concessions.
short-term profit, the high budget defi-
States.
cit, and weaknesses in American
Interrupting his Maine vacation to
Points at Japan's Contributions
education and training.
welcome Mr. Kaifu, the President said
In a speech this afternoon to the Na-
The United States is sending a dele-
that economic issues were discussed
tional Press Club, Mr. Kaifu pointed to
gation to Tokyo next week for talks on
"at great length" during the three
the contributions that Japan had made
these issues and is looking for substan-
hours of talks. Those issues presum-
to the United States economy, includ-
tial progress over the next nine
ably included Japan's $52 billion trade
months.
surplus with the United States and re-
American lawmakers are closely
cent actions by the Bush Administra-
monitoring the situation. Senator Max
tion against what it considers Japanese
Baucus, Democrat of Montana, the
trade barriers.
chairman of the Senate Finance Com-
Mr. Kaifu took office three weeks ago
mittee's trade subcommittee, is
after a series of financial and sex scan-
preparing legislation that would re-
dals that have rocked Japan. His visit
quire the United States to investigate
here is part of a 10-day trip that will
the Japanese structural barriers under
also take him to Mexico and Canada.
the threat of sanctions if there is no
Stresses Equal Partnership
successful conclusion to the talks. The
The 58-year-old Japanese leader took
sanctions could be invoked under a
the occasion to stress Japan's role as
provision of last year's trade bill
an equal partner of the United States
known as Section 301, which empowers
and called for a Washington-Tokyo
the President to retaliate against coun-
ing investments that he said have
partnership to help manage the global
tries that do not remove trade barriers
created more than 200,000 jobs.
against the United States.
economy.
He said that the United States needed
"The President and I expressed our
to step up its efforts to improve indus-
Brent C. Scowcroft, the President's
common determination to actively
trial competitiveness, shrink its budget
national security adviser, said Mr.
shoulder responsibilities in a manner
deficit and further stabilize exchange
Bush had made it clear to the Japanese
commensurate with our respective
rates, and he took issue with the Ad-
leader "how important some adjust-
abilities under such global partner-
ministration's aggressive trade policy.
ments were to the success of the bilat-
ship" Mr. Kaifu said in a departure
statement on the south lawn of the
He said American legislation provid-
eral relationship and our being able to
ing for trade sanctions against Japan
cooperate in a global partnership with
White House.
"could have a negative impact," and
the Japanese."
Mr. Kaifu acknowledged that trade
he specifically told the President that it
In memory of the American law-
imbalances were a source of friction
was unlikely that great progress could
maker who died last month in an air-
with the United States and, like previ-
be made by next spring in an effort
plane crash in Ethiopia, Mr. Kaifu told
ous leaders, he pledged renewed ef-
known as the Structural Impediments
President Bush that Japan was creat-
forts to expand imports.
Initiative.
ing the Mickey Leland International
Mr. Kaifu is Japan's third Prime
The initiative seeks to examine
Development Program and giving $5
Minister since May. His Liberal Demo-
deeper problems behind the deficit,
million to start it.
NEW YORK TIMES, 9/ 2 /89, p. A-3
vacation
area
southwest of here.
Minister Miklos Nemeth and Foreign
Budapest Tries to Satisfy
Minister Gyula Horn visited Chancel-
Hungary appears to have conferred
lor Helmut Kohl in Bonn last week in an
Both West and an Ally
a kind of informal extraterritoriality
on the spacious grounds around the
effort to seek a solution. On Thursday
Mr. Horn paid an unannounced visit to
neo-Gothic church, where the latest act
in the drama of how to defy East Ger-
the East German Foreign Minister,
Oskar Fischer. No agreements were
By HENRY KAMM
man borders is being acted out. Few
announced.
Special to The New York Times
Hungarians are to be seen, and the pre-
BUDAPEST, Sept. 1 - At least 3,000
vailing language is German in the
'Acceptable Solution' Sought
East German tourists, and possibly
strong accents of Saxony and Berlin,
But the Hungarian Interior Minister
nany more, are waiting in Budapest
whose people make up the bulk of East
Istvan Horvath, interviewed by West
or permission from Hungary to cross
Germany's population.
German television Thursday, ex-
nto Austria on the way to West Germa-
Seeking Permanent Vacations
pressed the wish that "an acceptable
y.
solution, conforming to European
Many say that if permission is
To Budapest's embarrassment, thou-
norms and culture," would be found.
lenied, they intend to cross "the green
sands of East Germans are taking ad-
"We find the present situation at the
order." This is a German expression
vantage of Hungary's new era of toler-
ance and its recent relaxation of con-
country's borders highly unpleasant
or migrating illegally, through the for-
trols along the Austrian border to turn
and inconvenient," said the minister,
:St.
who is in charge of border forces.
Since the summer vacation period
their vacation trips to a fellow Commu-
West German Government and oppo-
egan, an estimated 6,000 East Ger-
nist country into permanent depar-
sition officials on Thursday disclosed
nans have made it to the West Ger-
tures, by way of Austria, to the richer
that Bonn and Budapest had worked
nany Embassy in Vienna in this way,
and freer Germany.
out a plan to let out all the East Ger-
assing under the willfully averted
Austria puts no hindrance in the East
mans who want to leave for West Ger-
yes of Hungarian border guards.
Germans' way.
many. But there has been no formal an-
But as the vacation period ends and
In addition to those who have de-
nouncement of such an arrangement.
he tourists come up against the choice
clared their intention not to return
Some would-be refugees took heart
etween returning in time for the re-
home, more than 100,000 other East
when told by a reporter that Mr. Hor-
pening of factories and schools or not
German tourists are thought to be in
vath had said it was certain that Hun-
eturning, a diffuse flow has become a
Hungary. How many of them will seek
gary would not return them to their
oncentration that Hungary cannot
to join the mass migration is unknown
country. In the East German penal
retend to ignore and a diplomatic
but clearly worrisome to the Hungar-
code, "flight from the republic" is pun-
uandary for this country.
ian authorities.
ished by long prison terms and fol-
Church Is a Focal Point
Hungary is in a diplomatic bind,
lowed by harsh discrimination in pro-
caught between its treaty obligation to
fessional and social life.
The West German Embassy here,
East Germany, its ally, not to allow
In a garage to the rear of the church,
which Bonn closed last month when it
East Germans to leave here for any-
West German consuls, surrounded by a
ould no longer cope with an occupa-
where but home, and its need not to of-
patient crowds of men and women
ion by East Germans seeking to emi-
;rate, has joined with a West German
fend West Germany, its biggest West-
shushing their bored and cranky chil-
Catholic relief organization in an ad-
ern creditor and trading partner, as
dren, accept applications for West Ger-
IOC refugee operation at the Roman
well as its principal hope for future eco-
man passports and, after a few days'
nomic support.
delay, issue them. West Germany ac-
Catholic Parish Church.
cepts all Germans who request citizen-
The tree-shaded streets around the
ship.
church in the garden suburb of Zugliget
Despite their valid passports, how-
are lined with hundreds of small cars
ever, Hungary feels restrained from
with East German plates, and as one
recognizing them because they lack
gets closer to the church, flashier cars
entry stamps. The tourists entered
rom West Germany are mingled
Hungary with an East German travel
mong them.
permit valid only for this country. No
In the churchyard, about. 600 East
passports are issued for travel be-
Germans, including the owners of the
tween Warsaw Pact nations.
arked cars, are camping out under
East Germany demands that Hun-
ents. At least 2,000 more are waiting in
gary live up to the formal understand-
wo other informal camps as well as in
ing between Warsaw Pact members
rivate accommodations around the
not to abet "defection" of their citizens
apital.
to the West.
This afternoon, the Hungarian Red
NEW YORK TIMES, 9/ 2 /89, p. A5
ASSOCIATED PRESS
President gleefully displays fish he caught after "long dry summer" in Maine.
9-Pound Bluefish Tips Scale
Bush Finally Breaks Angling 'Jinx' in Maine
wp 9/4-89 A12
By a Washington Post Staff Writer
nearby, hauled bluefish out of the
KENNEBUNKPORT, Maine,
Atlantic while the president caught
Sept. 3-"The jinx is broken."
none.
With that, President Bush an-
"It's what we call stick-to-it-
nounced today he had fulfilled his
iveness," Bush said of the catch,
promise to land a bluefish before
taken off Biddeford, Maine, north of
the end of his summer vacation.
his summer compound. "A long dry
Accompanied by First Lady Barbara
summer, but it all worked out."
Bush, national security adviser
The president displayed his "jaw-
Brent Scowcroft and son Marvin,
buster" lure, a long green artificial
the president caught a nine-pound
fish with a large hook.
bluefish just before noon.
Bush then invited reporters to
"Not my greatest landing," Bush
watch him clean the fish, cutting
acknowledged as he displayed the
away the filets on the rocky shore
fish to reporters and photogra-
near his boat pier and saving the
phers. "Doing too many things at
head "for chowder."
once."
He threw the carcass into the
Bush has been needled in recent
ocean, noting that it would soon be
days as others on his boat, as well
picked clean by gulls. "This is re-
as network cameramen fishing
turn to nature," he declared.
THE
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1989
Personalities
President Bush returned triumphant to the
White House yesterday, ready to turn from his
consuming vacation goal of catching a fish to a
fall calendar packed with domestic and foreign
issues.
"I'm ready to go back, I'm ready to go to
work," the president told reporters in Kenne-
bunkport, Maine.
As if to underscore that sentiment, the
president left Maine dressed casually and
emerged from Air Force One at Andrews Air
Force Base barely an hour later dressed in a
business suit for the final helicopter hop to the
White House.
Bush, who broke a jinx by reeling in a
bluefish Sunday, caught two more fish in a final
outing aboard his speedboat Fidelity before he
and wife, Barbara, boarded the Marine One
helicopter at their Walker's Point retreat to
begin the journey homeward.
GEORGE BUSH
RICHARD NIXON
"Tomorrow it starts all over again. I don't
know what you guys have to do, but I know
their evaluation of Bakker's emotional state,
considering buying an interest in Xiamen In-
what I've got to do: Head back to work," Bush
Jackson was told, and "it's conceivable one of
ternational Bank, the only joint-venture bank
told parishioners at St. Ann's Episcopal
their people could come back into court Tues-
incorporated in China.
Church, where the pastor invited him to take
day or Wednesday to certify that he's [Bakker]
the pulpit.
ready to come back into trial." While Jackson
Osbourne Arrested
He said he needed to "start studying hard"
has not been permitted to talk to Bakker, he
for the drug speech tonight, the first presiden-
has talked daily with Tammy Faye Bakker
Rock-and-roller Ozzy Osbourne, whose rep-
tial address he will deliver for broadcast on
and the preacher's attorneys. "I think that he
ertoire on stage once included biting the head
national television.
has settled down and certainly has improved a
off a live bat, was charged yesterday with
"It's the first speech I'll give from the Oval
lot from the way he was Thursday morning,"
threatening to kill his wife.
Office. I'm not going to be scared," he said,
The solo artist and former lead singer with
Jackson said.
recounting how as a young child he would
A handcuffed Bakker was escorted by feder-
the group Black Sabbath was arrested at his
shake when called upon to recite a verse at St.
home north of London on Saturday, police said.
al marshals to Butner last Thursday, after
Ann's.
A judge granted bail but ordered Osbourne to
Jackson told Judge Robert Potter, who is
Bush pronounced a "great ending" to his
stay away from his wife, Sharon, and to return
presiding over the PTL founder's fraud and
vacation when he and golf pro Ken Raynor beat
to court on Sept. 25.
conspiracy trial, that Bakker was hallucinating
National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft and
and hiding his head under a couch in his
Bjorn Borg Weds Singer
friend Spike Heminway on the links. Bush also
attorney's office.
beat Heminway in three sets of doubles tennis
Former Swedish tennis star Bjorn Borg, a.
earlier, according to Heminway, who said the
Nixon Delays China Trip
five-time Wimbledon champion, married Italian
president was "on a roll" Sunday.
pop singer Loredana Berte yesterday at City
Former president Richard Nixon has post-
Hall in Milan, Italy.
Bakker Progress Report
poned a visit to China this month due to
The ceremony was preceded by a brawl
political unrest in the country.
between the couple's private security guards
Defrocked television evangelist Jim Bak-
Nixon, who made a historic visit to China in
and reporters and photographers who were
ker's psychiatrist, Basil Jackson, said he was
1972, was invited by the government to travel
barred from the ceremony.
told Bakker may be ready to return to court
to China with former Treasury secretary Wil-
-Compiled from staff and wire reports
this week.
liam E. Simon. The purpose of the trip was
by Jonathan Filas
Psychiatrists at the Federal Correctional
personal, Nixon spokesman John Taylor said.
Institution in Butner, N.C., were speeding up
Simon leads an investment group that is
Chuck Conconi is on vacation.
wp
~~ 9-5-89 A17
9-5-89
TALKING POINTS
Returned Copies of Constitution
Brown pointed out that West Virginia has the
Inspire Broadside From Burger
second lowest-paid teachers and one of the highest
dropout rates in the country. "We all know the limits
our state presently has on its budget," he said, "so
When it comes to the Constitution and former
we want it to be clear to the president that real
chief justice Warren E. Burger, there's no fooling
money from Washington is more important than
around.
rhetoric."
That's apparently what prompted Burger to fire
Meanwhile, Delaware Gov. Michael N. Castle (R)
off an angry letter last week to Rep. Fortney "Pete"
Stark (D-Calif.). Sources at the Commission on the
convened his own summit last month in preparation
for the national meeting. "The president's education
Bicentennial of the Constitution, which Burger
summit offers us an opportunity to contribute to the
heads, said "the chief" was incensed that Stark had
national debate about the future of education-and
returned 1,000 copies of the Constitution to the
at the same time identify how Delaware's schools
agency, "in the name of eliminating duplicative or
can improve in the next few years," Castle said.
unnecessary spending."
In a three-paragraph letter on Supreme Court
Hoover Institution Director Retires
letterhead, Burger told Stark that someone on his
staff had requested the materials earlier this sum-
W. Glenn Campbell, for 30 years director of the
mer. "Either I or someone on our staff will be avail-
Hoover Institution of War, Revolution and Peace, a
able to assure that the 'right hand' on your staff will
conservative think tankat Stanford University, has
know what some of the other hands are doing,"
retired. The think tank has been widely credited
Burger said.
with providing ideas and foot soldiers for the Rea-
"I do not regard it as a "waste" of government
gan administration.
money to make 10c copies of the Constitution avail-
Under Campbell, the institution tripled in size and
able to as many Americans as possible," he told
its endowment soared to more than $125 million.
Stark.
The growth led some Stanford faculty members to
A spokesman for Stark said he had no comment
propose that the university sever its relationship
on why the congressman had rejected the copies.
with the think tank.
According to an Associated Press report, former
States Prepare for Education Summit
Hoover fellow Michael J. Boskin, chairman of the
White House Council of Economic Advisers, has
Hoping to attract some attention and put a little
pressure on President Bush to keep his pledge to be
been mentioned as a candidate to succeed Campbell.
the education president, two states are gearing up
Political Science Association Awards
for the educational summit Bush plans to hold with
the 50 governors Sept. 27-28 in Charlottesville.
During its annual convention over the weekend,
The West Virginia Federation of Teachers an-
the American Political Science Association honored
nounced plans to solicit comments from classroom
a number of Washingtonians. Ronald Walters of
teachers and citizens on their priorities for public
Howard University received the association's Ralph
education in the state. The information will be given
J. Bunche Award for the best scholarly work on eth-
to West Virginia Gov. Gaston Caperton (D) to help
nic and cultural pluralism. Walters, an adviser to
define his goals for the summit.
Jesse L. Jackson, was honored for his book, "Black
"The only way the governor can clearly under-
Presidential Politics in America: A Strategic Ap-
stand the challenges teachers and other school per-
proach."
sonnel in West Virginia face is to listen to the con-
White House national security adviser Brent
cerns of those who see the problems firsthand," fed-
Scowcroft received the Hubert H. Humphrey
eration president Rick Lyon said.
Award for notable public service by a political sci-
Bush said he hopes the education summit will set
entist.
goals for school districts, but federation executive
The Carey McWilliams Award went to Lesley
director Bob Brown said: "Education is largely con-
Stahl of CBS News for a major journalistic contri-
trolled by governors and localities-not by the fed-
bution to understanding politics.
eral government. The goals educators express to
-Maralee Schwartz, Bill McAllister
Caperton must be goals for the state to carry out."
and David S. Broder
CAPITAL LINE
CLOSE-UP: TAXES
$2B loss 'a bleak picture'
USA TODAY'S BRIEFING ON WASHINGTON
Each year,about
1 million U.S. citi-
Report: Dem chosen
Overseas tax rules
zens stiff Uncle
Here are basic tax
Sam, collectively,
rules for U.S. citizens liv-
for up to $2 billion
for arms negotiator
ing in other nations:
in taxes, says the
Who must file: All
General Account-
President Bush is set to name
but the very poorest, even
ing Office. Until re-
conservative Democrat James
if no taxes are owed.
cently, the IRS had
Woolsey Jr., 48, a weapons special-
Salaries: No taxes on
no way of knowing
ist, as new U.S. negotiator in East-
first $70,000. U.S. govern-
their names.
West talks to reduce non-nuclear
ment employees don't get
They live abroad
forces, The Associated Press re-
this exemption.
and ignore the law
ported Tuesday. Woolsey reported-
Income from stocks,
requiring most of
ly owes his preference to his close
real estate, etc.: Taxable
them to file.
ties to national security adviser
wherever acquired. But
But those living
Brent Scowcroft. Other candidates:
taxes paid other nations
outside the USA
Stephen Ledogar, foreign service
can be deducted from
must get their pass-
officer now holding the job, and
U.S. taxes owed.
ports renewed ev-
AP
Phil Karber of the BDM Corp., re-
ery 10 years if
SCOWCROFT: Ties
portedly backed by Vice President
they're adults, five
to contender
Dan Quayle. Woolsey was Navy un-
if they're under 18. And in 1988, a new law let the
dersecretary in the Carter era and
Internal Revenue Service get State Department lists
an outside arms adviser to President Reagan.
of applicants for new passports at U.S. consulates
abroad. About 73,000 applied - indicating that ex-
BUSH AIDE CLEARED: James Cicconi, a top aide to
cluding military personnel, 2.25 million U.S. citizens
President Bush, has been cleared of allegations that he
lived abroad last year.
might have violated federal ethics laws in connection with a
But just 264,000 filed 1986 tax returns. Says IRS re-
$5,000 loan he got from a fraud-ridden Baltimore brokerage
searcher Bryan Musselman: "We can be 95 percent
company, The Washington Post reports today. The investi-
certain the actual non-filing rate is between 51.5 per-
gation of Cicconi, who got the loan in 1984 while a Reagan
cent to 66.7 percent." Says Musselman: "It's a bleak
White House aide, was conducted by an independent coun-
picture so far as tax collection is concerned."
sel secretly appointed by a special federal court last spring.
But others say collecting expatriates' taxes just en-
Cicconi, 37, is in charge of Bush's schedule and paper flow.
courages U.S. firms in other nations to hire non-U.S.
citizens. Says Bruce Reynolds of the Touche Ross and
WAITING GAME: With senior citizen issues heating up in
Co. accounting firm: "I don't know of a single major
Congress, President Bush appears to be considering care-
industrial country - Europe or Japan that taxes
fully before naming a Commission on Aging director. Final-
the earnings of its citizens when they reside abroad."
ist Alice Gonzalez, California Department of Aging chief,
Nonetheless, $2 billion could seem a windfall to a
withdrew Aug. 28 for "personal reasons," her office said
deficit-plagued government. Says the IRS' Frank
Tuesday. The remaining known candidate - acting Com-
Keith: "We're looking at ways we can incorporate this
missioner Joyce Berry is backed by several groups on
information into our programs to identify non-filers."
aging. The White House hasn't revealed its plans.
PLAYING IT SAFE: The recent plane crash deaths of
WASHINGTON TODAY
Reps. Mickey Leland, D-Texas, and Larkin Smith, R-Miss.,
may prompt new congressional travel guidelines. House
PRESIDENT BUSH: Briefs groups on anti-drug strategy.
Sergeant-at-Arms Jack Russ tells Roll Call newspaper Le-
VICE PRESIDENT DAN QUAYLE: Meets Israeli Ambassa-
land's plane in Africa "should never have left the airport"
dor Moshe Arad; U.S. Trade Representative Carla Hills.
because of weather and Smith "should never have gotten
in" the light plane in Mississippi whose pilot appeared "ner-
Written by Sharen Shaw Johnson. Contributing: Rebec-
vous, anxious and maybe a little afraid."
ca LaVally, Bob Minzesheimer and Richard Wolf.
PROSECUTOR NAMED: Dan Webb, a veteran trial law-
yer and former U.S. attorney in Chicago, will be chief prose-
cutor in the trial of former White House national security
adviser John Poindexter, The Washington Post reported
today. Poindexter, who quit his White House post in Novem-
ber 1986 when the Iran-contra affair became a public con-
troversy, faces trial on charges of obstructing Congress and
making false statements about the affair.
ALSO TUESDAY
The Treasury Department said a new law gives people
one year to cash U.S. government checks; then the govern-
ment must reissue them. Treasury officials said the public
now holds about 6 million uncashed government checks
worth more than $2.5 billion that are more than a year old.
The oidest uncashed check is one dated April 15, 1919, for
$1.01 in interest on a World War I Liberty Bond.
PEOPLE WATCH
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Fla.,
will be sworn in today as first Cu-
ban-American in Congress. She re-
places the late Claude Pepper, a
Democrat - leaving the House
with 255 Democrats, 176 Republi-
cans and four vacancies.
Texas-based American Life
Insurance Co. said it's hired ex-
House Speaker Jim Wright, D-Tex-
as, to give its sales staff pep talks
and make public appearances. He
won't lobby Congress, said the firm
By Acey Harper
in a statement that didn't disclose
ROS-LEHTINEN:
what he'll be paid.
Swearing-in today
The Washington Post
The New York Times p2
The Washington Times
The Wall Street Journal
The Christian Science Monitor
New York Daily News
USA Today
The Chicago Tribune
Date
9 Sept 89
Israeli Defense Chief Briefs
Washington on Middle East
Special to The New York Times
WASHINGTON, Sept. 8 - Defense
Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel
briefed senior Bush Administration of-
ficials today on the situation in Leba-
non and developments in the Middle
East peace process.
Mr. Rabin met with Secretary of De-
fense Dick Cheney, Secretary of State
James A. Baker 3d and the national se-
curity adviser, Brent Scowcroft.
Officials familiar with the talks said
Mr. Rabin briefed the American offi-
cials on what Israel had gleaned from
its interrogation of Sheik Abdul Karim
Obeid, a leader of the militant Shiite
Muslim group who had been abducted
from southern Lebanon by Israeli com-
mandoes in late July, as well as Is-
rael's mounting concern about the
more active role Syria has been play-
ing in Lebanon in recent months.
The Rabin-Baker talks focused on
how to break the deadlock over Israel's
proposal for elections in the occupied
West Bank and Gaza Strip.
Scowcroft Emerges as Key Bush Confidant
By DAVID WOOD
Newhouse News Service
WASHINGTON - He is often seen in the background of news photos, a
diminutive man, often bearing a bulging briefcase, almost hidden in the
shadow of President Bush.
To the public, Brent Scowcroft may be a colorless cipher.
But inside the White House, where he is national security adviser,
the soft-spoken former Air Force general has achieved a comfortable
intimacy with Bush, resulting in what observers believe is the
smoothest-working national security apparatus in years.
Nowhere was this close, easy relationship more evident than at
Kennebunkport, Maine, where Scowcroft and Bush hung around together for
more than half the president's recent 20-day vacation.
"It was an active vacation, " admits Scowcroft, 54, with a broad
grin.
When Bush went golfing, Scowcroft golfed with him, and when Bush
went fishing, so did Scowcroft. And when Bush hosted small, informal
dinners, Scowcroft was usually at his right hand.
''Brent has become, in effect, a social partner of the president, "
said a White House official who works closely with the two men.
''There's definitely an attraction there. They're about the same
age and were shaped by the same events; they share an interest in the
military and in flying, and they both have a cautious, non-ideological,
problem-solving view of the world,'' said the official, who asked not to
be identified.
Although he doesn't come from the Ivy League world that produced
Bush Scowcroft graduated from West Point in 1947 +++++ the two share long
experience at high levels of government.
Scowcroft was a military aide to President Richard M. Nixon when
Bush was U.S. representative to the United Nations, and when Scowcroft
was promoted to be Nixon's deputy national security adviser, Bush was
serving as envoy to China.
When Bush became director of the CIA in 1976, he worked closely
with Scowcroft, who was serving as President Ford's national security
adviser.
The camaraderie and trust that emerges from such long acquaintance
contrasts sharply with the businesslike formality that characterized
President Reagan's relations with his national security advisers.
Reagan had known most of them ----- Richard Allen, Robert McFarlane,
John Poindexter, Frank Carlucci and Colin Powell ..... only briefly before
he appointed them. And when Reagan vacationed, his White House aides
were usually housed several dozen miles away.
Nor have other presidents often socialized with their national
security advisers. And to an unusual degree, the long Bush-Scowcroft
relationship is reflected in the ties that other members of Bush's
national security team have in common. Defense Secretary Dick Cheney,
for instance, was Ford's chief of staff when Scowcroft was national
security adviser; and Scowcroft and Secretary of State James A. Baker
crisscrossed the country together in 1976 when Baker was Ford's national
campaign manager.
And when Scowcroft was a senior White House military aide in 1972,
a young infantry officer was serving as a White House fellow. That
officer, now Gen. Colin Powell, is slated to become chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The payoff from this interknit team, White House officials say, is
an extraordinary absence of the kind of bitter infighting and power
maneuvering that has often swirled around the national security adviser.
In the most recent case, a succession of advisers under Reagan lacked
the clout to resolve nearly constant feuding between Defense Secretary
Caspar W. Weinberger and Secretary of State George P. Shultz.
In contrast, White House officials said, Bush and his national
security team were able to move quickly and without dissent during last
month's hostage crisis: a naval task force was quickly assembled as a
show of force in the eastern Mediterranean while a coordinated
diplomatic initiative brought pressure on the Iranian-backed terrorists
to back down from their threats to execute additional American hostages.
It was Scowcroft who coordinated that effort, pulling strings in the
military and diplomatic corridors to get it done fast and without the
bureaucratic second-guessing that can blunt such an initiative.
DM END WOOD
(Filed by Newhouse News Service, Washington, D.C.)
upi 09-11-89 01:04 ped
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
September 12, 1989
STATEMENT BY THE PRESS SECRETARY
General Scowcroft met with Boris Yeltsin for approximately one
hour. Also attending the meeting was Deputy National Security
Advisor Robert Gates. The President dropped by for approximately
15 minutes to greet Mr. Yeltsin. The President mentioned the
drug speech he was about to deliver to American students and the
problem that drugs have created throughout the world. The
President and Mr. Yeltsin both agreed that drugs are a major
problem that touches on both American and Soviet societies.
The President said that there is much interest in Mr. Yeltsin's
visit. He expressed his view that the overall bilateral
relationship is in good shape. In this connection, the President
noted his very positive relationship with General Secretary
Gorbachev and reiterated his support for perestroika. The
President emphasized that the American people share his hope
for the success of the reform movement in the Soviet Union.
In his general discussion with General Scowcroft and Mr. Gates,
Mr. Yeltsin provided his evaluation of the progress of
perestroika.
The Vice President also dropped by to greet Mr. Yeltsin.
# # #
United States policy is to support
Yeltsin Asks Bush to Aid
glasnost and perestroika and the re-
forms under way in the Soviet
Union and, so, we didn't want to in-
Soviet Reform Process
dicate we were trying to provide a
platform for dissent."
Gorbachev had been considered a
friend and political sponsor of Yelt-
By Don Oberdorfer
and more visionary and philosoph-
sin, but the relationship cooled in
and David Hoffman
ical than practical. They included
the fall of 1987 when Yeltsin's
Washington Post Staff Writers
increased U.S. private investment
harsh criticism of policy and person-
in the Soviet Union, but without
alities led to his ouster from the rul-
Soviet political figure Boris Yelt-
details on how to make this more
ing Politburo and as Communist
sin met President Bush, Vice Pres-
attractive to investors; construction
Party chief of Moscow. Yeltsin
ident Quayle, Secretary of State
by American business of one million
bounced back to prominence this
James A. Baker III, national secu-
Soviet apartments; U.S. instruction
March when he won 89 percent of a
rity adviser Brent Scowcroft and
on how to run a service sector, and
contested vote to represent Mos-
eight U.S. senators yesterday to
so forth.
cow in the newly created Congress
press his case for U.S. aid to the
The State Department quoted
of People's Deputies.
troubled reform process in the So-
Baker as telling Yeltsin that "in or-
In news conferences, television
viet Union.
der to make the Soviet Union an
interviews and speeches since ar-
Yeltsin's White House meetings
attractive place for Americans to
riving last Saturday on his first U.S.
were carefully structured to avoid
invest, the Soviet Union needs to
trip, Yeltsin has depicted the Soviet
giving offense to Soviet President
address price reform and the con-
Union as in severe crisis and Gor-
Mikhail Gorbachev, who Yeltsin has
vertibility of the ruble."
bachev as slipping politically, with a
criticized sharply during his current
Sen. Bill Bradley (D-N.J.), who
year or less to assert his leadership
American tour. Instead of granting
with seven other senators met Yelt-
strongly or lose power.
the visiting Soviet legislator an of-
sin in Bradley's Senate office, said
Meanwhile, Fitzwater, respond-
ficial Oval Office meeting, the
the Soviet politician was "straight-
ing to Soviet complaints of U.S.
White House invited Yeltsin to
forward, candid, provocative and
foot-dragging in strategic arms
meet Scowcroft-and Bush joined
very open" about conditions at
talks, said, "We reject any sugges-
the meeting for about 15 minutes
home, but that "he wasn't very spe-
tion of United States' foot-dragging
and Quayle for a separate 10
cific" about what the United States
in the START talks, or that nego-
minutes.
might do to help.
tiations have been put on a back
Reporters and photographers
White House spokesman Marlin
burner." Noting that the United
were barred from the session and
Fitzwater went out of his way to
States had made new proposals at
the White House declined to follow
quote Bush as telling Yeltsin of his
the latest round of the START
its usual practice of releasing a pho-
"very positive relationship" with
talks, he added, "We still look for-
tograph.
Gorbachev. Bush "emphasized that
ward to a Soviet response to these
Yeltsin told reporters later he
the American people share his hope
proposals."
had discussed with Bush and Quayle
for the success of the reform move-
At Johns Hopkins University in
"10 issues that
would serve to
ment in the Soviet Union," Fitzwa-
Baltimore yesterday morning, Yelt-
rescue perestroika," Gorbachev's
ter said.
sin supported the exodus of thou-
restructuring program.
Asked about the unusual arrange-
sands of East Germans through
Officials familiar with Yeltsin's
ments for Bush's informal and low-
Hungary to West Germany, even
Baker and White House sessions
key meeting with Yeltsin, Fitzwater
though it has been condemned by
said his suggestions were general
said, "We do want to be clear that
the Soviet government.
WASHINGTON POST, 9/ 13/89, p. A21
What might have been
Soviet politician Boris Yeltsin met with
He has told Western audiences that the
National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft
Soviet Union must create private property,
at the White House yesterday, and who should
but then says that only 10 percent-15 percent
just happen to drop by but President Bush.
of property ought to be in private hands. He
Mr. Bush merely shook Mr. Yeltsin's hand,
says the Soviet economy must become ra-
which was nice, but probably didn't teach the
tional, but then says that it must remain so-
Soviet politician what he ought to know about
cialist. On matters of price reform and cur-
the American economic system he says he
rency convertibility he has nothing more to
admires so much.
say than Mr. Gorbachev and has been notably
Mr. Yeltsin, whose outspoken support for
less aggressive on convertibility than most of
economic reform got him bounced two years
Mr. Gorbachev's economic advisers.
ago from his post as chairman of the Moscow
None of this should surprise Americans.
Communist Party, now is making his first
The Soviets lack the cultural institutions and
tour of the United States. He has made it
historical experience necessary to make any
clear that he wanted very much to tell the
smooth transition to a market economy.
president about the Yeltsin plan for vitalizing
When Soviet leaders, including influential
the Soviet economy.
economists, speak about the problem of cre-
Mr. Bush could have used the meeting to
ating a functioning economy, they speak in
find out about this plan and to question Mr.
dreamy abstractions, as if they were trying
Yeltsin's repeated assertion that the Soviet
to describe a unicorn's neighs and whinnies.
Union's economic woes could hurl the nation
They may use our vocabulary to talk about
into an "abyss" within the next six to 12
economics, but they don't understand what
months, a calamity that would affect the en-
the words really mean.
tire world. The president might also have
listened to Mr. Yeltsin's reform plans and
If we ever hope to play a role in helping the
then spent some time teaching his guest
Soviet Union move into the world's economic
some economic ABCs.
mainstream, we first must overcome this
The sad fact is that Mr. Yeltsin, who under-
translation problem. Only plain talk about
stands that the Soviet economy cannot sur-
such things as private property, real prices
vive without radical reform, doesn't have the
and free markets can help the Soviets com-
first idea of what reforms his country must
municate with the developed world. If some-
embrace. He repeatedly has blasted Mr. Gor-
how Mr. Bush could have taught a few basics
bachev's reforms as "half-measures," but he
to Mr. Yeltsin, he would have done a service
has suggested nothing better than half-
for the Soviet politician and the Soviet peo-
measures himself.
ple.
WASHINGTON TIMES, 9/13/89, p. F-2
DEFENSE NEWS
vol.4.no.87
SEPTEMBER 8, 1989
ATF Loses
Drone May
Stealth
See Action In
Trait When
Afghanistan,
Supersonic
Drug War
By CALEB BAKER
Defense News Staff Writer
WASHINGTON - A model airplane-like
By BARBARA AMOUYAL
Defense News Staff Writer
drone equipped with a warhead and guid-
ed by a fiber-optic cable is one weapon be-
WASHINGTON - The Air Force's Ad-
ing considered by the U.S. government for
vanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) is unlikely
use in a variety of new conflicts, including
to remain stealthy at supersonic speeds,
the Afghanistan war, defense officials say.
even though the service says the super-
U.S. President George Bush, and his top
sonic plane needs to evade enemy radars
national security advisers, in recent meet-
and infrared detectors at all altitudes and
ings have expressed interest in the deploy-
the principal operational requirements of
the ATF program, and is often cited by se-
antidrug effort, officials told Defense
News last week.
nior Air Force officials as a justification
for its $64 billion cost.
With an advanced warhead, the drone
Operational plans for the ATF call for
also may have a potential role in the inter-
most of its air interception mission to be
national war against terrorism, sources
performed at supersonic speeds, often
say.
over hostile territory. This is a substantial
Last Thursday, backers of the FROG
departure from present practice, sources
program briefed Defense Secretary Dick
say. The service's existing air-to-air fight-
Cheney on details of the weapon. Brent
er, the F-15 Eagle, spends close to 90 per-
Scowcroft, national security adviser, and
cent of its flying life at subsonic speeds,
Robert Gates, his deputy, were briefed last
according to these sources.
Wednesday. Bush participated in such a
Although service officials and industry
meeting Sept. 8. The discussions covered
DEFENSE NEWS FILE PHOTO
teams involved in the demonstration and
a wide range of issues, including fiber-op-
validation of ATF prototypes appear to
Brent Scowcroft, national security adviser,
tic technology and the Afghanistan war,
have mastered elements of stealth for ra-
according to sources.
was briefed last Wednesday on the portable, fiber-optic cable guided FROG drone which is being
See ATF, Page 80
considered for a variety of roles.
See FROG, Page 80
U.S., U.K. May Leave, and Bury, Missile Project
By BARBARA AMOUYAL
or for research and engineering at
defense and air attache in the Ital-
as an alternative to the Modular
countries that were not identified.
And CALEB BAKER
the West German embassy in
ian Embassy here, said last Friday
Stand-off Weapon.
Defense News Staff Writers
The Apache is a low-flying,
Washington. Matern said his gov-
he is not aware of any changes in
France is a former member of
long-range submunitions dispens-
WASHINGTON --- The United
ernment had not been formally
the MSOW program.
the international program to de-
er and will be the primary air-to-
States and the United Kingdom
In Paris, meanwhile, govern-
velop the Modular Stand-Off
ground weapon for the French Air
late last week were seriously con-
ment and industry hopped into
Weapon, but withdrew in April
German Concern, Page 4
Force's Mirage 2000s and new-
sidering withdrawing from a five-
the breech apparently being creat-
1988 because of dissatisfaction
generation Rafale tactical fighters.
nation project to develop a so-
ed by the United Kingdom and the
with its lack of progress and con-
phisticated air-to-surface missile
notified, however, "we have all
United States. Matra, the French
cern about rising costs.
MSOW, a family of three weap-
for use by NATO nations, defense
the indications that both the Unit-
missiles and electronics group,
The defense ministry said in an
ons with interchangeable submun-
officials say.
ed Kingdom and the United States
last Thursday won a development
announcement of Matra's contract
itions able to launch short- and
The remaining countries partic-
will withdraw."
contract for the Apache stand-off
that Apache is "open to European
long-range strikes on fixed and
ipating in the Modular Standoff
Lt. Col. Hans Melcher, deputy
modular missile, which the
cooperation," adding that "ex-
mobile targets, was terminated in
Weapon system (MSOW)
chief of the West German defense
French Defense ministry is tout-
ploratory talks are already taking
Spain, Italy and the Federal Re-
procurement office here, told De-
ing to other European countries
place in this respect" with several
See MSOW, Page 80
public of Germany late last Fri-
fense News last Friday that the
day were bracing for an an-
withdrawal of two of the largest fi-
nouncement of the withdrawal, a
nancial players in the project
move that would mark the end of
Defense Contractors Circle Wagons
would "cause a lot of problems.
the international cooperative pro-
"All we heard from the U.S.
ject, officials say.
side is that they are not prepared
As Ranks of the Unloved Auditor Swell
"As far as we are concerned,
to fight for money for the pro-
the project seems to be a dead let-
ject," he says.
ter," said Georg Matern, counsel-
Brig. Gen. Guiseppe Capizzano,
By DEBRA POLSKY
ways to ease their tense
"Auditors are the devils," an
Defense News Staff Writer
relationship.
industry executive explained lat-
WASHINGTON - In a large
For three hours, the conversa-
er. "But we have to do what they
070511198
meeting hall in the U.S. Chamber
tion drags on.
say."
FIRM 20500
DEC990N
of Commerce building here, 14
Suddenly, the meeting comes
With about 6,000 auditors
DEP ASST TO
defense contractors and govern-
alive. Voices grow louder. Tem-
from the Defense Contract Audit
NATL SECURITY COUNCIL
ment officials are looking for
pers flare. The topic has turned
Agency (DCAA), the Department
1600 PENN AVE
to auditing. However boring to
of Defense Inspector General's
WASHINGTON DC 20500
the rest of the world, this issue ig-
Office and the General Account-
First of a two-part series. Next
nites passions in the defense
week: Possible solutions.
industry.
See DCAA, Page 71
Still a False Start
NEW YORK TIMES
SEPT. 20, 1989 P. 26
President Bush promised Monday
two mobile land-based missiles, the
to produce proposals for reducing
Some Poor Reasons
MX with 10 warheads and the Midg-
strategic arms that will "capture
etman with 1, before making a new
the imagination of the Soviet peo-
Not to Cut Missiles
arms proposal in the Geneva talks.
ple." But in the next breath he said
Congress simply won't put up the
he felt in "no rush on that subject." Not that anyone would
more than $40 billion needed for both. And there's no
accuse him of haste. In his eight months in office, there's
chance for funding either new land-based missile unless
been practically no movement in these almost eight-year-
it's part of an arms control package. Secretary of State
old negotiations with Moscow.
Baker's announcement yesterday that the U.S. will no
It is very hard to find good reasons for the delay, and
longer insist on banning mobile missiles won't help a lot.
very easy to divine a truckload of bad ones - including
White House Politics. John Sununu, the President's
narrow political and bureaucratic self-interest and indif-
chief of staff, and other aides don't see much in the treaty
ference. What is the Administration waiting for?
to benefit Mr. Bush politically. To them, the public would
Moscow has already agreed to cut its arsenal of long-
see a strategic arms agreement simply as finishing up old
range nuclear weapons by almost half. That includes re-
Reagan business. They want to push ahead with talks that
ductions of 50 percent in the most powerful land-based
bear a clear Bush imprint, like cutting conventional forces
missiles, the very ones that have most worried Washing-
in Europe and banning chemical weapons.
ton for years.
But a nuclear arms treaty is every bit as important to
Does the Bush team want and expect Moscow to accept
national security and would give the President stature.
the new U.S. interpretation of the Antiballistic Missile
Indifference of Democrats and Europeans. In the face
Treaty? That's the twist President Reagan introduced to
of Mr. Bush's strong standing in the polls, the Democrats
allow testing of space-based defenses. No reasonable
seem dispirited and defensive. They focus largely on do-
reading of the treaty can support that interpretation. And
mestic matters. European leaders, who once led the
in all likelihood Moscow will not agree to it. The strict and
charge for cutting strategic arms, have lost interest in
traditional understanding of the treaty is the main barrier
Start. Now they have their own plum, the conventional
to a dramatic and costly strategic arms race that would
force talks.
decrease, not improve, mutual security.
Mr. Bush, Mr. Cheney, Mr. Baker, Brent Scowcroft, the
What's holding up the treaty then?
national security adviser, and Richard Burt, the Start
Pentagon Gamesmanship. Defense Secretary Dick
negotiator, all say they want Mikhail Gorbachev to suc-
Cheney is holding the arms treaty hostage until he gets his
ceed, and insist they want to reduce the nuclear threat.
defense program set in the Pentagon and on Capitol Hill.
They have no better way to prove it than by concluding the
Specifically he wants commitments all around to build
Start treaty.
LESLIE H. GELB
DIA
ISLAMIC PLAN: One of the
his ministry to field com-
priorities of Iran's first
manders, not through parties
apore
five year plan is to boost the
set up by the resistance
Yew,
defensive power of the
coalition.
nakok
country, Majlis Speaker Hojjat
there
Ol-Eslam Mahdi Karrubi told
USSR CHEMICAL WEAPONS: The
S on
the annual assembly of the
closure of the chemical
y the
Islamic Revolution's Guards
weapons destruction works at
Corps in Tehran, according to
Chapayevo in the Volga region
U.S.
an IRNA report in English. He
does not mean what the USSR
ormed
rejected establishment of any
has stopped destroying chem-
S of
that
relations with the U.S. and
ical weapons, Tass, the Soviet
e of
said the Republic is deter-
news agency reported on Sept.
their
mined to equip its armed
18. The agency quoted
forces with advanced and pow-
Gennadiy Gerasimov, Foreign
prime
with
erful weaponry.
Ministry spokesman, as saying
the nation is now drafting a
aysia
with
AFGHAN WEAPONS: It is reported
program for such destruction,
by Agence France Press from
under conditions of glasnost
"the
odest Hong Kong that Afghan
and democratization.
The
the
mujahidin have started getting
works had been constructed
Mr.
fresh supplies of weapons from
without previous consultation
the United States after a lull
with local authorities and the
his
of several months. Gen. Yahya
public. It will be used as a
asier
to Nauroze, deputy minister for
center for instruction and
U.S. defense and chief of the army
training.
bases staff in the mujahidin's
(Compiled from reports from
The interim government, told a
the
Foreign
Broadcast
to news conference in Peshawar,
Information Service (FBIS.)
available
from
Rowland Evans and Robert Novak
The Kremlin vs. Quayle
Moscow's uproar over Vice President Dan
they don't do it." When we asked again, he said it
Instend, the quest for cordiality with the Soviet
Quayle's suggestion of a U.S. interest in Baltic
"would not be a good sign." Finally, on the third
regime barred cameras when President Bush
independence displayed the old and the new: the
try, Quayle responded: "Well, clearly, every
briefly greeted Boris Yeltsin, the Gorbachev-
Kremlin's old rhetoric in policing its new rela-
event triggers a response. And if there's a
bashing reformer (who, incidentally, supports
tionship with Washington.
negative event toward the Baltic states, I would
Baltic freedom). Presidential spokesman Marlin
Quayle merely mentioned a possible "negative
imagine there would be a negative response."
Fitzwater's words had the sound of kowtow when
response" from the United States should the
As transmitted worldwide by wire services,
he declared it is "U.S. policy to support glasnost
Soviet government crack down on independence
Quayle's words seemed less tentative. Even so,
and perestroika" and not "to provide a platform
in the Baltic states. That was enough to trigger
Moscow's reaction was remarkable. Soviet
for dissent. We do not want to foster internal
denunciations from the Soviet propaganda ma-
spokesman Gennadi Gerasimov led by calling the
conflict."
chine of a nastiness not heard since Mikhail
vice president's comments "strange" and a "dis-
This statement fits a Wall Street Journal
Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan got together.
cordant note" in cozy U.S.-Soviet relations. The
But far from reviving the Cold War, the
report that senior administration officials are
next day, the Moscow World Service's English
Kremlin's attack on Quayle is part of the new
talking "about how they might soften the outcry
broadcast accused Quayle of interfering in Soviet
here" if Gorbachev cracks down on dissent. No
detente. The Bush administration has so en-
affairs and said the United States "must adopt
twined itself with Gorbachev's fate that the
'new thinking.''
wonder the Kremlin propaganda apparatus un-
Soviet regime appears confident in lambasting
It took two more days for Pravda commen-
limbered against Quayle.
the vice president for straying from the "new
tator Gennadi Vasilyev to crank up the authentic
Quayle may be isolated in the administration,
thinking."
old Cold War style. Quayle's "shrill voice," he
but he is not alone in Washington. Ex-essistant
Quayle does stand alone in the administration
said, "clashes considerably with statements by
secretary of state Rozanne Ridgway, no cold
by going so far toward a public endorsement of
the White House incumbent." Bush picked
warrior to be sure, said on ABC last weekend
independence for Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania.
Quayle as his running mate, "to placate ultra-
that the people in the Baltic nations "should be
Yet these Baltic states, turned over to Moscow in
rightist circles, in whose view the current presi-
allowed to make up their own minds" about their
the Stalin-Hitler pact, are models for the "captive
dent is 'not tough enough.' Vasilyev concluded
political future.
nations" policy that long has been a U.S. staple.
by imploring the administration "to teach the vice
In a letter this week to Secretary of State
Compared with captive nations rhetoric of
president a thing or two."
James A. Baker III, liberal Democratic Sen.
bygone days, the vice president's answers were
Implicit in that language is the notion, which
Donald Riegle of Michigan called the vice presi-
mild and cautious when we interviewed him on
would have seemed preposterous only months
dent's remarks "a most timely and welcome
CNN. "Let's hope that the Baltic states continue
ago, that critical commentary from the Bush
development." Joined by 11 other senators,
in the direction that they want to go," he said,
administration about historic events transpiring
Riegle urged the secretary of state to use his
"and that is toward asserting their indepen-
in the Soviet Union is unacceptable. National
forthcoming meeting with Soviet Foreign Minis-
dence."
Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft privately com-
ter Eduard Shevardnadze to warn against an iron
The first time we asked him about the U.S.
mended Quayle's response, but the vice presi-
fist in the Baltic. That's the "old thinking" that
response to the Soviet intervention feared by
dent's remarks have not been publicly seconded
made Moscow so angry at Dan Quayle.
Kremlin-watchers here, Quayle said: "Let's hope
by a single colleague.
01989, Creators Syndicate, his.
WASHINGTON POST, 9/20/89, p. A25
JACK ANDERSON and DALE VAN ATTA
Nuclear Blasts to Divert Soviet Rivers?
ON THE VOLGA RIVER, U.S.S.R.
eventual construction of part of the canal by this
he Soviet Union has long harbored plans to
method." A National Security Council arms-control
T
divert the flow of some of its rivers in a way
report notes that in 1965 the Soviets used a
that could have catastrophic environmental
nuclear explosion to dam a river in the
consequences for the whole world. But the massive
Semipalatinsk region.
river diversion itself would make just a dent in the
This sledgehammer approach to demolition makes
ecosystem when compared to the explosive devices
the river diversion dream a potential nightmare.
the Soviets might use to pull it off-nuclear bombs.
There is no doubt that the Soviets need the
The Central Intelligence Agency for years has
water. Famines have killed millions in the Soviet
been tracking Soviet schemes to divert its
Union in this century. Those famines often were
northerly flowing rivers into the agricultural and
caused by the geographic imbalance of Soviet
industrial regions of the south. Secret CIA reports
terrain. More than four-fifths of the Soviet Union's
say the impact on the Arctic Ocean, fed by those
water flows north to the Arctic-away from the
northbound rivers, would be devastating.
south, where three-quarters of the population lives.
The Soviets, who have not distinguished
With the pressure to make perestroika succeed,
themselves as environmentalists, might sacrifice
President Mikhail Gorbachev could be equally
long-term damage to the world in return for
tempted. In money terms, Soviet proponents of
short-term gains for farmers and industry. They
river diversion are telling Gorbachev that each
already have used nuclear blasts for quick
cubic kilometer of water he is able to divert would
excavation of water projects.
generate more than $800 million in new revenue
The CIA reckons that a 1971 blast detected in the
and 50,000 new jobs annually. But the daunting
Soviet Union was a test to see whether nuclear
cost of construction and excavation-$8 billion per
devices could be used to build a canal to link the
cubic kilometer-has to give Gorbachev pause.
north-flowing Pechora River with the south-flowing
Not even a combination of a dozen river-diversion
Volga. One secret CIA report said, "For some time
schemes now being studied by Gorbachev would
U.S.S.R. scientists have been [considering] the use of
make up for the "water deficit" spilling into the
nuclear energy to construct a 65-kilometer section of
Arctic now. The greatest concern is that, with the
the Pechora-Kolva Canal, suggesting that about 250
rising populations in the Central Asian republics, a
charges, totaling 36 metagons, would be used to
shortage of water could drive those people, mostly
open an area in which construction is hampered by
Moslems, out of their homes. There is simply not
complex masses of rock."
enough water to sustain them where they are.
The CIA said the 1971 explosion measured from
Thus, it is not surprising that ecologically
4.7 to 5.0 on the Richter scale and "may therefore
primitive Soviet leaders would turn to the quick fix.
have constituted a test that is essential to the
What is quicker than a nuclear explosion?
WASHINGTON POST, 9/20/89, p. D22.
C
National Broadcasting Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved, 1989.
PLEASE CREDIT ANY QUOTES OR EXCERPTS FROM THIS NBC RADIO
AND TELEVISION PROGRAM TO "NBC NEWS' MEET THE PRESS."
NBC News
MEET THE PRESS
Sunday, September 24, 1989
GUEST:
BRENT SCOWCROFT
National Security Adviser
MODERATOR:
Garrick Utley - NBC News
PANEL:
John Cochran NBC News
Robert Kaiser - The Washington Post
- - -
This is a rush transcript pro-
vided for the information and
convenience of the press. Accu-
racy is not guaranteed. In case
of doubt, please check with
MEET THE PRESS NBC NEWS
202/885-4598
(Sundays: 202/885-4200)
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
1
MR. UTLEY: On "Meet the Press" today, Soviets and
Americans, George Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev, the road to the
next summit. Our guest is Brent Scowcroft, national security
adviser to the president.
Perhaps it was the fresh mountain air of Wyoming which
cleared heads and led to such remarkable progress in the meetings
between Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze and Secretary of
State Baker. More likely it was a cool assessment on both sides
that if progress is to be made on arms reduction, it is time to
get on with it.
An agreement on strategic nuclear weapons now looks
more likely, and a Bush-Gorbachev summit conference by next summer
has been set. We're going to talk about these and other matters
this morning with Brent Scowcroft, who is joining us from Kenne-
bunkport, Maine, where he is with the president, and with me this
morning here in Washington are Robert Kaiser of the Washington
Post, and John Cochran, who covers the White House for NBC News.
General Scowcroft, first of all, the Soviets at this
conference formally dropped their linkage of our having to limit
SDI or Star Wars in exchange for going ahead with an agreement on
long range strategic weapons. In your view, and in the president's
view, does this now mean that the way is open for an agreement on
START by the summit conference next summer?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Well, I think what it means is that
one major road block to such an agreement has been cleared away.
It is not the only major issue remaining. But it's a significant
one. And being able to deal with it aside and on its merits,
rather than as a precondition to a START treaty is certainly a
step forward.
MR. UTLEY: Well, let me go a step forward on this
particular question. Do you think it likely that there will be
an agreement? There are other issues; we'll get to those. But
do you see it likely that there will be an agreement by the summit
next summer?
MEET THE PRESS September 24, 1989
2
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I think that the particular time
set for the summit is designed on the presumption that by that
time there would at least be significant progress if not the
conclusion of an agreement on that. As the president said yesterday,
arms control is not the only issue worthy of discussion between
the two sides. But certainly major progress or conclusion of
START treaty is a major issue which would be dealt with at any
summit.
MR. KAISER: General, let me ask if the Soviet Union
has really changed its position on Star Wars or whether it's
really the Bush administration that's changed.
When Gorbachev was in Washington in December, 1987, he
seemed to say that they were prepared to do exactly what Shevardnadze
told Baker they were prepared to do, which is to say, we'll just
presume that you Americans are respecting the treaty as we understand
it, the 1972 ABM treaty, and we'll let you do your research on SDI
on the understanding that you're not going to do anything that
violates the treaty. That's just what it said this weekend.
Then the Reagan administration was skeptical. Now
you're embracing it. What's the difference?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Well, no, I think it is clearly the
Soviet Union that has changed its position. We have always said
that the two should be dealt with separately, and that negotiations
on strategic defense, SDI, whatever you want to call it, should go
forward on their own momentum and START on its own. And the
Soviets have now said go ahead.
MR. KAISER: But I think Gorbachev said that almost two
years ago, didn't he?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Almost. Almost. But it still was
not that clear. Now he has specifically de-linked it. But the
issues surrounding strategic defense have not been solved, if
that's the thrust of your question.
MR. KAISER: Hasn't the Bush administration pretty much
given up on the original Reagan idea of a strategic defense that
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
3
would really protect the United States from a Soviet attack,
that's out the window now, isn't it?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I think it's important to remember
how the whole issue of SDI has evolved during the Reagan admini-
stration. And at the end of that administration there were discussions
of a first phase deployment and so on, so that the original notion,
as expressed by President Reagan in 1983 had already been amended
significantly.
MR. COCHRAN: General, much has been made of Gorbachev's
change, if indeed it is a change on Star Wars. I wonder if we're
missing the real news here. I'm told that the Soviets said on
this question of submarine-launched cruise missiles, which has
been a real sticking point that they may be willing to conclude a
treaty without even dealing with that. Is that the real news?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I think that's another significant
step. That is one of the thorniest issues remaining, principally
because of the difficulties, if not impossibility of verification.
The fact that the Soviets are now prepared, perhaps, to set aside
that issue and deal with it separately, and not necessarily include
it in the treaty does make even more likely the chances that we
could come to an agreement.
MR. COCHRAN: General, we're told that the Soviets,
Shevardnadze was very candid about the internal problems in the
Soviet Union, the problems of dissent. Why are they being so
candid? Do they want President Bush's help, or do they want to
assure you that they're not going to use force to put down dissent?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I think what they're trying to show
is that there is a new Soviet Union. And that glasnost really
means what it says. And that they're not trying to conceal or
hide their own internal problems, their concerns about what the
U.S. is doing in certain areas, that there is a new spirit of
oneness.
MR. COCHRAN: Did they tell you that they would not use
force to put down any sort of dissent?
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
4
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Not in my presence, they did not.
MR. UTLEY: General, not to go too far into the details,
but the devil is in the details, as is often learned in arms
negotiations, to come back to the question of the negotiations in
Geneva on long range weapons and SDI and the lack of linkage now.
Is it your understanding that they are totally uncoupled, or is it
your understanding that as part of an agreement we will have to
sign or acknowledge that we will continue to observe the 1972 ABM
agreement? Is that going to be somewhere in the large or small print?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Well, this has not really been
negotiated. All we have so far is the statement of delinkage.
And our assumption is that we can go ahead and conclude a START
treaty regardless of the state of negotiations on the ABM treaty,
on discussions relating to it, and on interpretation of that
treaty, and a U.S. SDI program.
Now, the Soviets do propose discussions on what is
permissible and impermissible. And we have had for some time
problems with that. And there is also the open question of abiding
by the ABM treaty as signed, because there is a different interpre-
tation as to what that means. So, those issues are still open,
but I think they will not be required to be resolved before the
conclusion of a START treaty.
MR. UTLEY: Now there are some other surprises and
signs of progress that came out of these meetings these last
several days. One was the decision by the Soviets to dismantle
their radar station at Krasnoyarsk, which we claimed violated the
ABM. We now have an agreement to try to verify weapons systems
which is a key part of a START agreement. They'll let us come in
an intrude, so to speak in their territory.
Doesn't this signal a profound change, not just in
terms of negotiating strategy on the part of the Soviets, but in
terms of their attitude; as John and Bob were alluding to earlier,
there seemed to be a much more forthcoming attitude. How do you
interpret that, what does that signify to you?
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
5
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I think it's again an indication of
a new attitude on the part of the Soviet Union. There was a
remarkable lack of what one might call mutual recriminations in
these discussions, blaming--one side blaming the other side for
the state of affairs. Instead, there was a focus on the issues
between us and proposals on one side or both sides to resolve or
to deal with those major issues. And it was a very--one of the
most encouraging things about it all was the atmosphere in which
these discussions took place was what I think was a sincere effort
to move the issues forward toward conclusion.
MR. KAISER: General, one possible interpretation of
that might be that this is an area in which the United States can
actually do Shevardnadze and his boss Gorbachev some big favors,
to help them in their struggles at home; that they're forthcoming
because they so eagerly need to make deals, not only on long-range
weapons, but on conventional weapons too.
Is the Bush administration prepared to help them, not
by giving them anything, but just by speeding the time table and
moving as quickly as possible to get those agreements?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Yes, we are interesting in moving
forward as quickly as is prudent. Whatever their motivation, the
United States has focused on advancing U.S. national interests,
and in reducing the chances of conflict. Anything that does
that, regardless of the motivation, assuming it is sincere, can
be verified, and is in the U.S. national interest, why we certainly
want to proceed as fast as possible.
MR. COCHRAN: General, you've agreed on a summit for
the first half of next year. Are you thinking Mikhail Gorbachev
is still going to be in power in the first half of next year?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Nothing is certain in the world of
politics. There is no question that his troubles seem to be
mounting. But he is still dealing with them, and he is dealing
with his own situation in the Soviet Union, still with a considerable
amount of skill, as the last Central Committee plenum I think
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
6
amply demonstrates.
MR. COCHRAN: So you think he'll be there for the summit?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: I see no reason to expect anything
otherwise.
MR. KAISER: And is it possible that the summit will be
at the end of or at the very last stages of negotiating both a
sweeping conventional arms reduction agreement and a START agreement?
GENERAL SCOWCROFT: Well, you have to separate the two,
because on the conventional arms agreement, the so-called CFE
agreement, that is a multilateral agreement being negotiated
between the Warsaw Pact and NATO. And thus, it's on a separate,
not a bilateral track.
But certainly, it is our hope, as the president announced
at the NATO summit that he hoped within six months to a year to be
able to conclude that and obviously we're hoping for significant
if not complete progress on START.
MR. UTLEY: General, there were a number of other issues
which were discussed in these talks concerning not just nuclear
weapons, but other problems around the world. We'll continue with
those items and more as "Meet the Press" continues. We'll be
right back.
(Announcements)
MR. UTLEY: On "Meet the Press" this morning, Bob Kaiser,
John Cochran and I are talking with National Security Adviser
Brent Scowcroft, who is with the president in Kennebunkport, Maine
this morning.
General, tomorrow the president goes to the U.N. where
he'll make his speech there. It's believed--it's been leaked by
the administration--that he'll make some proposals involving
chemical weapons, proposals which are important. Can you give us
some indication of what his thinking is?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: Well, not much. As you know, the
president has been concerned for a number of years about the
horrors of chemical weapons.
MEET THE PRESS September 24, 1989
7
He made a major presentation to the U.N. conference in
1984 on the possibility of banning chemical weapons, and he will
have some proposals tomorrow to advance that issue.
MR. UTLEY: You're not going to tell us right now, of
course, what they're going to be. So let's go to what was discussed
in the last couple of days with the Soviets, regional issues. One
is Afghanistan. After the Russians pulled their forces out of
that country, the conventional wisdom in American circles was that
the pro-communist government would fall, the mujaheddin would win;
it hasn't happened. In our talks now with the Russians are we
willing to come to some kind of a compromise, political compromise,
there in Afghanistan?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: We've always been prepared to come to
a compromise. We're not insisting on any particular government
in Afghanistan. What we're interested in is a government which
broadly respects the will of the peoples there, and so far, that
has not been forthcoming.
The Soviets have been pouring equipment in Afghanistan
to maintain the Najibullah regime in power, and we think that is
not compatible with resolving the Afghan problem.
MR. UTLEY: That is our position; we understand that.
But during these talks these last few days, was this issue addressed?
It was on the agenda, and was there any sign from our side or from
the Soviet side of a change in the two countries' positions? Is
there some movement going on here?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: It was discussed, and I think you can
assume that it will be discussed further. But I don't want to
say anything more than that. There still is a considerable difference
between the two sides?
MR. COCHRAN: How about movement on Nicaragua? We
understand that Secretary Baker and Minister Shevardnadze talked
rather optimistically about Nicaragua yesterday. We also understand
the Soviets are saying they can't control Fidel Castro, who is the
bad guy, sending all these weapons to the Nicaraguans, to the
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
8
Sandinistas. You don't really believe that, do you?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: No, I don't believe it. I don't believe
they have complete control over Fidel Castro, but they certainly
have sufficient leverage, I think, to keep him from sending arms
to Nicaragua. We did agree, the two sides did agree, on the
desirability of free and open elections in Nicaragua. If the
Soviets are are sincere, that is a step forward.
MR. COCHRAN: Well, how about this question of weapons?
They could crackdown on Castro, they could threaten to withhold
aid from him for example?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: That's correct.
MR. COCHRAN: Well, what did they tell you. I said, if
the--what they told is are--is that they are not sending weapons
to Nicaragua. And we have not denied that. But the fact is that
Eastern bloc weapons are reaching Nicaragua in force, and as a
matter of fact, in greater numbers than last year, and we believe
the Soviets can control that if they so desire.
MR. KAISER: General, your administration's been criticized
in Congress, particularly by the Senate majority leader, for what
he called timidity in dealing with the historic changes that seem
to be doing on in the Soviet empire.
I'd like to ask you how you're going to explain it to
your own grandchildren if the Bush administration is remember as
the one which, when Poland asked for help to throw off the communist
yoke, the Bush administration came along and offered them some
surplus food, some frozen butter, and just a tiny amount of money
compared to what the Poles say they need?
Aren't you being too timid? Isn't this an historic
chance being missed?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: I'm quite confident I won't have to
explain that to my grandchildren, because I think we are moving
at a pace which is prudent, and which is calculated to bring
about the best results.
We have never said we would not provide more aid to
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
9
Poland. What we have in mind is a sequential plan which links
the extent to which the United States and the Free World can and
should aid Poland with the kinds of steps that only Poland can
make to restructure its economy and make that aid useful.
If there's nothing that happens other than we're pouring
money and butter and so on into Poland, as happened to a certain
extent in the early 1970s, we are contributing to a negative
outcome, not a positive outcome.
MR. KAISER: Does that mean you might be willing to
accept an increased aid package the Senate Foreign Relations
committee approved many times--eight times more aid than you'd
asked for I think last week. Are you prepared to negotiate on
that, and accept more?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: We are certainly prepared to negotiate
on the issue, and we would hope that instead of a kind of competitive
domestic political issue, we could look at Poland as a national,
bipartisan issue for the United States, and look at what we ought
to do, not who can make the biggest headline.
MR. UTLEY: General, it seems that something important
has happened this last week in terms of the Soviet Union and the
leadership there. Not only have they come to the United States
and presented the kind of concessions that they've made on arms
negotiations; last week there was a purge of the Politburo.
Mikhail Gorbachev showed he still has that political muscle. He
got rid of more of his conservative opponents. He is clearly in
charge of the political apparatus in that country.
Doesn't that give you greater confidence that he's a
man who's going to be there, that not only can you deal with him,
but that now is the time really, as Bob was indicating, to push
ahead and get this thing into high gear?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: Well, I think I've already indicated
that, that we are moving ahead at a pace which we consider prudent,
and sustainable.
We have now engaged with the Soviet Union across the
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
10
full range of arms control issues, all of the outstanding issues
in START, nuclear testing, chemical warfare. And we have begun,
or continued, a major discussion on all the regional issues.
So we think we're moving forward at a pace which is
responsible and brings the best hope for sincere progress.
MR. COCHRAN: General, we haven't heard much about the
American hostages. What are you hearing from the Iranians? Are
they being encouraging at all? I know you're engaged in quiet
diplomacy. What can you tell us?
GEN. SCOWCROFT: That we're engaged in quiet diplomacy.
I think this is not the time for headlines. We have continued
our efforts on the hostages. The headlines is not the place to
negotiate on the issue of the hostages.
MR. COCHRAN: Anything encouraging though? Are you a
little-
GEN. SCOWCROFT: I wouldn't want to say anything one
way or another.
MR. UTLEY: General, thank you very much for being with
us. Bob, John and I could continue pressing you for a long time.
But I know this is something that you don't feel you can go into.
Obviously of course we hope that some progress is being made on
the hostages.
Thanks for coming by, talking about those and other
topics this morning here on "Meet the Press". In just a moment,
Bob Kaiser, John Cochran, and I will be back with some personal
observations.
(Announcements)
MR. UTLEY: On "Meet the Press" this morning we've been
talking with Brent Scowcroft, the national security adviser to
President Bush. Bob and John, it seems that aside from all of
the details and the successes that have come out of these series
of talks, there is something that is more intangible, but perhaps
every bit as important, and that is the atmospherics, that the
Americans are saying that there was a different Soviet attitude
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
11
here. How do you explain that, Bob? You've covered the Soviet
Union.
MR. KAISER: I sense that the Soviets are really trying
to accelerate the pace of superpower diplomacy here. The Bush
administration took a very long time to get cranked up. It's,
you know, nine months now since they came to office. But it
seems to me this weekend may be remembered as the time when the
gears did shift, as you suggested before, and that we really are
now headed into a more intense time. Certainly that's what the
Soviets want and need.
MR. UTLEY: Okay, they want it and they need it. Why
do they want it, and why do they need it? Is it for military
reasons, military budget reasons, is it in order to show the
Soviet people that Gorbachev has a success? What is driving it
from the Kremlin's point of view?
MR. KAISER: I think myself both those things. They
want to save the money that can be saved, but perestroika at home
as we've seen is not producing great quick results. Perestroika
abroad is much more malleable. You can change the world by nego-
tiation, and they're trying to do that, and show that as quick,
early result.
MR. UTLEY: And from our side, the Bush administration?
MR. COCHRAN: I think that people like Brent Scowcroft
would tell us that in fact the best way they can help Gorbachev
is to show that he can handle the American account well, and that
by helping him in the foreign area, without giving him any money.
Brent Scowcroft once said, if I were asked to devise a plan to
help Gorbachev economically, I wouldn't know how to do it. So
the way you help him is to talk on these issues of arms control.
And in terms of gearing up the Americans, in fact there's much to
gear up on the American side. The Americans came into this meeting
in Wyoming with no new ideas. They had recycled a George Bush
idea that he presented in Moscow a year and a half go on mobile
missiles, nothing else.
MEET THE PRESS September 24, 1989
12
MR. UTLEY: But basically, hasn't the American strategy,
our strategy, been stand pat, let the Soviets come to us, and in
effect isn't that what has happened over the last several years?
MR. KAISER: Yes, it is. Although, I think the strategy
works. In history, we're going to have to give Reagan a lot of
credit for making the adjustment he made in '87 and '88. But,
yes, the Soviets came a long way, and they came fast.
MR. UTLEY: So Reagan does deserve credit, however
crazy SDI may have sounded at the time, it has had an impact to
pay off in terms of our relations with the Soviets?
MR. COCHRAN: In fact, it did work as the bargaining
chip that everybody thought it was.
MR. KAISER: Also, of course, Reagan understood Gorbachev
was a change. And that was important.
MR. UTLEY: Bob, John, thank you very much for being
here this morning on "Meet the Press."
Finally, a thought about art, to use the term broadly,
imitating life. One way to measure the change in Soviet-American
relations and attitudes is to go to a movie, or read a spy novel.
The familiar, dependable bogeyman of the Soviet menace is disappearing.
This, we are told, is causing some concern in Hollywood where
those familiar two dimensional stereotype villains you love to
hate are essential for dramatic tension, not to mention commercial
success.
Caricatures of the cunning Japanese and the arrogant
German officer did their duty in World War II, and the Soviet spy
or mole or general communist conspiracy has had a long run since
then. Where would James Bond be without SMERSH. Today, some
writers and directors are flushing out their Soviet protagonists
with a human soul. But that does not fill the need for a new bad
guy who can be mowed down with Rambo-esque impunity.
The obvious new candidates are the drug lords--that's
Hollywood, you might say, but wait a minute. A similar thing
appears to be happening here in Washington. George Bush has made
MEET THE PRESS - September 24, 1989
13
the war on drugs his crusade. Would it receive such presidential
attention if the Cold War were still red hot? Not likely. White
House speechwriters and Hollywood scriptwriters face a similar
dilemma. The news that the writers of the president's drug speech
suggested he hold up crack purchased across the street from the
White House, and then the orchestration of the event to fit the
pre-conceived rhetoric has shocked many people. A Hollywood
type, say, Ronald Reagan, might think of that, but not George
Bush.
Still, he says he sees nothing wrong with this bit of
stage managing, arguing in effect the right of dramatic license.
Another way of looking at it is as life imitating art, or at
least imitating Hollywood, poorly.
I'm Garrick Utley. I hope you'll join us again next
week for "Sunday Today" and "Meet the Press."
RADIO-TV
DEFENSE DIALOG
OF DEFENSE ENSE
UNITED STATES of AMERICA
Radio & TV Reports, Washington, D.C. Summaries not to be quoted.
This publication is
prepared for
Tuesday, Sep 26, 1989 (Broadcasts of Monday, September 25, 1989)
American Forces
Information Service
(AFIS/OASD-PA)
to bring to the attention
of key personnel news
items of interest to
SUMMARY OF NETWORK NEWS IN THIS ISSUE
them in their official
capacities. It is not
intended to substitute
for newspapers and
periodicals as a means
of keeping informed
BUSH ADDRESSES U.N.; PROPOSES CHEMICAL WEAPONS' CUTBACKS:
about the meaning and
impact of news devel-
President Bush addressed the opening session of the U. N. General
opments. Use of these
Assembly Monday and proposed a far-reaching reduction in the
articles does not reflect
official endorsement.
levels of chemical weapons' stockpiles held by the superpowers.
Further reproduction
Reports on the President's proposal are filed by Brit Hume, ABC,
for private use or gain
is subject to original
and John Cochran, NBC. In related reports, Bob Zelnick, ABC, and
copyright restrictions.
David Martin, CBS, evaluate the President's proposal and the
difficulties inherent in achieving a worldwide ban on chemical
CURRENT NEWS
ANALYSIS &
weapons.
RESEARCH SERVICE
Chief:
Herbert 3. Coleman
(695-2884)
GOVERNMENT CHANGES IN POLAND: Polish Prime Minister Tadeusz
Deputy Chief:
Mazowiecki has appointed Andrzej Drawicz as the first non-
Walter N. Lang
communist director of government controlled radio and television.
(695-2985)
Mike Lee, ABC, reports that Andrzej Drawicz, a Solidarity
Current News
activist who was imprisoned by communist authorites in 1981, is
Branch:
likely to make significant changes in how information is dis-
Chief:
Jim Garamone
seminated by the Polish media.
(697-8765)
Early Bird Editor:
Taft Phoebus
Staff Editors:
ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN POLICY: On the CBS Evening News, Dan
Pat Knappenberger
Rather interviews Professor Stephen Cohen of Princeton University
Alice Boyd
Carol Woods
on U. S.-Soviet relations. Professor Cohen expresses misgivings
Patricia Darnell
that the United States may not be as forthcoming with Soviet
President Gorbachev as it could be and that this may serve to
Research Branch:
undermine the Soviet leader.
Team Leader:
Ann Wood
(695-6959)
Asst. Team Leader:
Frances Norton
VIETNAMESE PULLOUT FROM CAMBODIA: The Vietnamese are concluding
the final stages of their military withdrawal from Cambodia. Bob
Writer/Editor:
Sandra Thorne
Simon, CBS, reports on conditions in Cambodia today and the
Archivist:
prospect for renewed and bloody fighting there between the
Joseph Bell
government of Hun Seng and remnants of the Khmer Rouge.
Administration:
Vicki Willis
Nora Lea Lynch
(695-2884)
ABC WORLD NEWS TONIGHT
chemical weapons or the
ABC TV 6:30 PM SEPTEMBER 25
capability to produce them.
And these horrible weapons are
Bush Addresses United Nations
now finding their way into
regional conflicts. This is
simply unacceptable.
PETER JENNINGS: We begin
HUME: Mr. Bush said the U.
tonight at the United Nations
S. would abolish 80% of its
where President Bush began his
present chemical weapons'
day.
stocks if the Soviets would
Every President since Harry
reduce to equal levels. Then
Truman has spoken to an opening
if the worldwide chemical
session of the U. N. General
weapons' talks in Geneva
Assembly. It's always an
succeed, the U. S. will abolish
important occasion, even when
the rest of its chemical
Presidents don't come with
arsenal in ten years.
important plans to make the
The speech drew only polite
world safer or a more
applause. U. N. speeches
cooperative place. George Bush
rarely get more. Soviet
began with a slight advantage.
Foreign Minister Shevardnadze
He was the U. S. Ambassador to
certainly did not wear out his
the U. N. in 1971 and '72, so
hands. But Shevardnadze said
at least he knows what it takes
later the speech was good and
to make the place work. And
constructive.
today he showed up with a plan.
In the area of chemical
Here's our White House
weapons, though, the Soviets
correspondent Brit Hume.
aren't the main problem. The
BRIT HUME: The President,
problem is small, unpredictable
ever the personal politician,
nations such as Libya. Getting
took care to acknowledge old
them to adhere to a worldwide
friends from his days here. In
chemical weapons' ban is, in
his address, he recalled once
the words of one top Bush aide,
being late and missing the
a daunting challenge.
first 45 minutes of a windy
Brit Hume, ABC News, New
speech, only to have the
York.
speaker say:
PRESIDENT BUSH: I welcome
Stockpiles of Chemical Weapons
the Permanent Representative of
the United States. And now for
JENNINGS: In addition to
his benefit, I will start my
the United States and the
speech all over again, from the
Soviet Union, two nations,
beginning.
France and Iraq, are actually
HUME: With U. S.-Soviet
known to possess chemical
relations improving, the
weapons. As the President
President wants the U. N. to be
said, many other countries may
a force for peace in regional
have them. And it is by no
trouble spots unaffected by the
means clear they share American
thaw in the Cold War. With
enthusiasm for cutting back on
such places in mind, Mr. Bush
them.
announced an ambitious initia-
Here's ABC's Bob Zelnick.
tive on chemical weapons.
BOB ZELNICK:
Pentagon
PRESIDENT BUSH: More than
sources say it will be tough to
twenty nations now possess
ban chemical weapons in the
2 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
Third World. Many nations,
changing its own form of
such as Syria, oppose a ban
government. And in Poland
because chemical weapons are
itself, a change of government
cheap and effective. Analysts
which is quite staggering when
say they were decisive in
one thinks of how much faith
Iraq's war with Iran. Even if
the Communist Party has been
a ban were agreed to, verifica-
forced to put in control of the
tion would be difficult.
information. The Ministry
Chemicals used to make weapons
today: they were forced to
are widely available and can be
give it up [sic].
used in other products, like
ABC's Mike Lee is in Warsaw.
pesticides.
MIKE LEE: For Andrzej
WILLIAM MENGEL [Chemical
Drawicz, it was the first day
Defene Analyst]: Any nation
on the job as new boss of
with a chemical capability for
government controlled Polish
commercial chemicals could
radio and TV. He presided over
probably begin the production
a staff meeting of broadcast
of chemical agents for warfare
executives. Some may have been
purposes.
nervous because for years they
ZELNICK: But some say
were in charge of keeping him
verification problems can be
and other Solidarity activists
minimized by good intelligence
out of the public eye.
and surprise or short-warning
During martial law in 1981,
inspections.
Drawicz, a noted intellectual,
BRENT SCOWCROFT [National
was put in jail where he won
Security Adviser]: Verifica-
the respect of fellow political
tion, of course, is and remains
prisoners, including the
a daunting challenge.
Solidarity journalist who is
ZELNICK: Several in the
now Prime Minister.
Third World say they sign no
PM TADEUSZ MAZOWIECKI: When
ban on chemical weapons unless
we were interned, we elected
nuclear weapons and other
him our inmate leader, and he
threats to their countries,
proved he was able to solve
like missiles, are also
everything with great tact.
outlawed. But should the U. S.
LEE: Now Prime Minister
and the Soviets actually begin
Mazowiecki has put his old jail
destroying chemical stockpiles,
house friend in charge of
some say the pressure on others
turning Polish television into
to go along will increase.
a model of freedom.
Bob Zelnick, ABC News, at
ANDRZEJ DRAWICZ: Let's just
the Pentagon.
say there must be real objec-
tive information about what's
Government Changes in Poland
going on, giving possibility to
the people representing various
JENNINGS: In Poland today,
points of view.
a change in government, another
LEE: That new policy began
Polish declaration of indepen-
tonight as viewers saw, for the
dence and will. At the United
first time ever, a Solidarity
Nations, the new Polish Foreign
journalist deliver a commen-
Minister said his country would
tary on the evening news.
respect its treaties with the
The Prime Minister's Office
Soviet Union, but would accept
has not only made a major
no limits on its choosing or
change in the powers that be
3 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
behind the TV cameras. The
isn't.
JOHN ERLENBORN [Former
world is about to see a
dramatic change in front of the
Member/Chemical Warfare Commis-
sion]: We could give up 80% of
cameras.
For eight years, Jerzy Urban
our total capacity and not give
was the official spokesman of
up anything that's really
useful.
the communist government,
denouncing Solidarity and the
MARTIN:
Most of the
West, and never in English.
chemical weapons in the U. S.
Meet the new spokeswoman,
stockpile are so old as to be
Malgorzata Neizabitowska,
unusable. The Navy won't let
Solidarity journalist, post-
them on its ships, and the Air
Force won't store them on its
graduate studies at Harvard,
and media friendly.
bases. After not producing any
MALGORZATA NEIZABITOWSKA: I
chemical weapons for 18 years,
think this is the main rule and
the Pentagon started in 1987
the main difference between the
making a new generation of
new government and the old
chemical weapon, so-called
government. I'm going to tell
binary weapons, which would not
the
truth.
be touched by an 80% cut.
LEE: That pledge has yet to
LEE FEINSTEIN [Arms Control
be tested. The appointment of
Association]: It looks like we
a
young, English-speaking
can fully modernize our
Solidarity activist as official
chemical weapons arsenal and
still remain within this 80%
spokeswoman, at the very
least, signals the desire for a
ceiling.
more progressive image by the
MARTIN: For both the U. S.
and the Soviet Union, the most
new government.
Mike Lee, ABC News, Warsaw.
painful part of an 80% cut in
chemical weapons could turn out
to be the inspections needed to
CBS EVENING NEWS
CBS TV
verify that neither side is
6:30 PM
SEPTEMBER 25
cheating.
ERLENBORN: It would require
Banning Chemical Weapons
on-site verification, without
notice. And that would be very
difficult to achieve.
DAN RATHER: The President
MARTIN: Under President
proposed that both superpowers
Bush's proposal, neither side
destroy the vast majority of
would give up its entire
their chemical weapon stock-
stockpile unless other coun-
piles. However, as our Defense
tries, like Iraq, which just
Department correspondent David
last year used chemical weapons
Martin explains, that would
to horrible effect, also agree
still leave the world with a
to give up their only weapon of
big poison gas problem.
mass destruction.
DAVID MARTIN: The Soviets
JEANE KIRKPATRICK [Former U.
say they have 55,000 tons of
N. Ambassador]: Some people
chemical weapons. The U. S. is
call them the Third World's
estimated to have 30,000 tons.
nuclear arms, and Third World
Cutting those stockpiles by 80%
nations are very attached to
sounds like a lot. But as far
chemical weapons.
MARTIN:
Dan, chemical
as the U. S. is concerned, it
weapons are easy to make, and
4 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
that's exactly why they're
University, CBS News consultant
going to be so hard to get rid
on Soviet affairs.
of.
Steve, you're just back from
RATHER: Well, David, the
a number of months in the
President has suggested that
Soviet Union interviewing
the United States and the
people at all levels. Is what
Soviet Union set an example.
President Bush doing likely to
How likely is that to happen?
help Mikhail Gorbachev?
MARTIN: Well, the U. S.
PROFESSOR STEPHEN COHEN:
tried setting an example once
Well, it will help. But I
before back in 1969 when
don't think it's enough. For
then-President Nixon halted the
almost five years, Gorbachev
production of chemical weapons.
has called for an American
But there's no evidence that
President who would be a
during the 18 years that ban
partner in getting rid of these
was in effect that any other
armaments, nuclear and conven-
nation followed suit. In fact,
tional. I think Gorbachev is
the number of nations with
going to conclude on the basis
chemical weapons actually
of this U. N. speech that Mr.
increased over that period of
Bush is ready to be a partner,
time.
but not a full partner, a kind
RATHER:
David Martin,
of limited partner.
thanks.
And let me give you one
example. Getting rid of
Assessment of Foreign Policy
chemical weapons isn't going to
save Mr. Gorbachev the kind of
RATHER: As President Bush
money and the kind of techno-
concentrated on foreign policy
logy that he desperately needs
today, there were indications
to move from his military to
in the latest CBS News/New York
his civilian sector to save his
Times' poll out this evening
economy.
that Mr. Bush may have made
RATHER: And what other
gains this year in public
points should we have in mind
approval of his overall foreign
when we consider what happened
policy. Sixty percent of the
today?
people we polled today said
PROFESSOR COHEN: Well, I
they approved. In other areas,
think we've got to begin to
asked whether they would favor
think about this summit. It's
dropping U. S. trade restric-
about seven months off. And
tions with the Soviets as a way
there's going to be a lot of
of helping Mikhail Gorbachev
politics between now and then.
carry out his economic reforms,
And one thing that comes to my
only 41% said yes. Another
mind is that ever since this
indication that the U. S.
process began under Mr. Reagan,
public favors a go-slow
Mr. Gorbachev has made, I'd
approach in dealing with the
say, 75 to 80% of the major
changing face of communism in
concessions to keep the process
Europe, only 40% favored
going. He made another one
increased U. S. aid to East
here, putting off star wars for
European countries that are
a while. How many more can he
becoming more independent.
make in Moscow before his own
Joining us now is Professor
national security people say
Stephen Cohen of Princeton
that's enough; we're not
5 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
getting enough for what we're
the Vietnamese withdrawal as
giving.
inevitably as the dry season
RATHER: Does he have any
follows the monsoon.
choice?
The last time they came to
PROFESSOR COHEN: Well, the
town in 1975, they re-enacted
Europeans are enthusiastic
the Holocaust, killing more
about him. Margaret Thatcher
than a million people. Phnom
was in Moscow over the weekend
Penh is a city hovering on the
to embrace him. But he really
edge of its past.
needs the American President.
UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Some
RATHER: Steve Cohen,
people fear that the Khmer
thanks.
Rouge might come back again.
SIMON: This is the daily
Threat of Civil War in Cambodia
train from Phnom Penh to
Battambang, a province where
RATHER: Tens of thousands
there are constant skirmishes
of Vietnamese soldiers jammed
with the Khmer Rouge. The
Highway 1, the main artery of
guerrillas are always laying
Indochina today. They were
mines on the tracks, so the
heading home, pulling out of
railroad puts these two
Cambodia after ten years of war
flatbeds in front of the
there. Like the Soviet Union
locomotive to absorb any
in Afghanistan, communist
explosions. The people who
Vietnam failed in its effort to
decide to ride on these
set up a puppet regime in
flatbeds get to ride for free.
Cambodia. It was unable to
There are battle machine gun
wipe out the Khmer Rouge, who
nests on the roof, armed men in
turned Cambodia into a killing
the cars. Even with the
field in the 1970s and who are
Vietnamese around, the guer-
now threatening a bloody
rillas stage a dozen attacks a
return.
day countrywide. With the
Correspondent Bob Simon has
Vietnamese gone, the immediate
been travelling in Cambodia.
question is whether the
BOB SIMON: So glad you
government they installed can
could come; so glad you have to
survive.
come. Flowers and fond
Thirty-seven year old Prime
farewells today as the Viet-
Minister Hun Sen has been
namese drove away from their
shunned by the United States
dream of an Indochinese empire.
and the United Nations as a
Vietnamese puppet.
But
After an inconclusive ten year
war, they began what they
recently he's begun to cut the
promised would be their last
strings, brining a measured
withdrawal from Cambodia.
amount of perestroika to Phnom
They'd lost 25,000 men, drained
Penh. He's opened up the
their resources, failed to wipe
economy. There's more rice,
out the Khmer Rouge guerrillas.
more radios in the markets now
Cambodia had been Vietnam's
than there's been in 15 years.
Vietnam.
He's reinstated private
In downtown Phnom Penh,
property, bringing on a modest
children at arms were receiving
housing boom and a spontaneous
emergency doses of instant
movement to beautify the
training. A Khmer Rouge
capital.
offensive is expected to follow
Most important for most
6 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
will do. They will fight. Hun
people, after ten years of
Sen says he's prepared for the
communist indoctrination, which
worst, which, in Cambodia, is
never really took root,
never an unreasonable expecta-
Buddhism has been reestablished
tion.
as the state religion. The
It was the Vietnamese who
monks are back and doing well.
were smiling today. They were
The government, searching
going home to a country where
for a nationalist mantle, is
the war is over.
busy resurrecting the gentle
Bob Simon, CBS News, Phnom
Khmer traditions which the
Penh.
Khmer Rouge had tried to
obliterate, bringing back the
first faint memories of what
NBC NIGHTLY NEWS
NBC TV
Cambodia once was and just
7:00 PM
SEPTEMBER 25
conceivably could be again.
But 200 miles from the
Chemical Weapons Proposal
capital, a few fiercer spec-
tacle is being staged for a
different audience. This is
TOM BROKAW: President Bush
the second largest Cambodia
said today it is time for the
city, and it's in Thailand.
United States and the Soviet
It's a refugee camp called Site
Union to show the way, to get
2, a home away from home for
rid of all chemical weapons in
143,000 Cambodians, run by the
the world. The President's
American supported non-commun-
proposal is a new approach.
ist resistance to the regime in
First, the United States and
Phnom Penh. The guerrillas are
the Soviets would make huge
the camera-shy guys in khaki.
cuts in their chemical weapons
The veterans, veterans of
-- that's poison gas -- and
Vietnamese mines, are the guys
then get the rest of the world
with one leg. There are more
to follow.
amputees per capita here than
Here's NBC's John Cochran.
anywhere in the world.
JOHN COCHRAN: George Bush
More shells are raining down
used his first presidential
this Khmer Rouge camp on the
address at the U. N. to make
Thai border every day now.
good on a campaign promise to
Relief officials expect the
work for the abolition of
fighting to intensify as the
chemical weapons.
Vietnamese complete their
PRESIDENT BUSH: We will
withdrawal and the refugee
eliminate more than 80% of our
camps become the new front
stockpile even as we work to
line in Cambodia's next civil
complete a treaty, if the
war.
Soviet Union joins us in
Khmer Rouge on the border, a
cutting chemical weapons to an
monument to the Khmer Rouge
equal level and we agree on the
outside Phnom Penh, rows and
conditions, including inspec-
rows of skulls reaching to the
tions, under which stockpiles
sky. Rice is being planted
are destroyed.
here now, but the gates to the
COCHRAN: Bush believes it
killing fields may not be
is possible, though difficult,
closed. No one knows how the
to make sure that no nation
government's army will do; no
cheats on a chemical weapons'
one doubts what the Khmer Rouge
7 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
treaty. And once a treaty is
there is no way that George
signed, Bush promises further
Bush can assure Gorbachev's
cuts.
survival against old guard
PRESIDENT BUSH: In the
communists.
first eight years of a chemical
John Cochran with the
weapons' treaty, the U. S. is
President in New York.
ready to destroy nearly all,
BROKAW: At the same time in
98% of our chemical weapons'
Moscow today, government
stockpile, provided the Soviet
officials announced cuts in the
Union joins the ban, and I
Soviet defense budget and the
think they will.
elimination of unprofitable
COCHRAN: The hardest part
state enterprises in an effort
will be persuading smaller
to get more money into the
countries to abolish chemical
Soviet economy.
weapons. Iraq used deadly gas
during its war with Iran, and
Iran may have done the same.
The unpredictable Libyans are
also among the twenty plus
countries with chemical
weapons. But if they all agree
to a total ban, the U. S. will
do the same.
Although Congress has
already passed a law banning
most chemical weapons, a top
Democrat praised Bush.
SENATOR SAM NUNN: I thought
it was a good speech. I
thought his proposals on a
chemical ban, worldwide chemi-
cal ban was a very positive
move in the right direction.
COCHRAN: When Bush finished
speaking, the Soviet Ambassador
to the U. S. was notably
restrained in his applause.
But other Soviet officials said
Mikhail Gorbachev would
probably welcome Bush's
chemical arms proposal.
Bush's aides say that by
making progress on chemical and
other weapons, the President is
doing all he can to help
Gorbachev. Soviet diplomats
say privately Bush could do
more by helping the Soviet
economy.
Although White House aides
believe Gorbachev's political
future is in doubt, they insist
8 TUESDAY, SEP 26, 1989
The Washington Post
The New York Times
U.S., Soviets
The Washington Times
The Wall Street Journal
A-11
Clear a Hurdle
The Christian Science Monitor
New York Daily News
USA Today
In Missile Talks
The Chicago Tribune
By ROBERT S. GREENBERGER
Date 25 Sept 89
Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
JACKSON HOLE, Wyo. The Soviet Un-
ion has removed an obstacle in the way of
achieving a superpower agreement to re-
duce long-range nuclear missiles. But Mos-
cow's proposal will make it politically
tougher for the U.S. to deploy a space-
based defense system.
In a weekend meeting here between
Secretary of State James Baker and Soviet
Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze.
the Soviets proposed that they would no
longer link progress toward achieving a
strategic-arms reduction treaty to progress
in separate talks involving space-based
weapons. However, Mr. Shevardnadze said
that even if an arms-reduction pact is
signed, the Soviets would withdraw from it
if the U.S., in Moscow's view, violated re-
strictions on space-weapons development.
The Soviet Union, fearing U.S. techno-
logical prowess, has opposed the develop-
ment of space-based defensive weapons
since former President Reagan proposed
his controversial "Star Wars" system
more than six years ago.
The two nations also said there would
be a summit between President Bush and
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in the
late spring or early summer, and reached
agreement or made substantial progress
on other issues, ranging from verification
of underground nuclear testing to moving
toward eliminating chemical weapons.
Mr. Baker said President Bush will of-
fer a new initiative on a chemical-weapons
ban when he addresses the United Nations
today.
In proposing the delinking of talks on
long-range missile and space-defense
weapons, the Soviets may be making a
shrewd reading of the U.S. political scene.
Mr. Bush has been less enthusiastic than
his predecessor about deploying a full-
fledged Star Wars system. Congress has
resisted Star Wars, technology hasn't de-
veloped to the point where deployment
soon is feasible and U.S. budget austerity
rules out, a massive effort.
Under such conditions, Moscow may be
betting that if the two sides can agree to a
long-range missile pact, the threat of los-
ing it would generate sufficient pressure in
the U.S. to limit Star Wars development
and even spur a space-systems accord.
National Security Adviser Brent Scow-
croft, on NBC News's "Meet the Press,"
said a long-range nuclear-weapons agree-
ment could be struck in time for the sum-
mit and that the time frame was set with
that possibility in mind.
-1-
Bush, in U.N. Speech, to Press
Global Ban on Chemical Arms
By David Hoffman
Washington Post Staff Writer
KENNEBUNKPORT, Maine,
Meanwhile, the Bush administra-
Sept. 24-President Bush intends
But Aspin cautioned that the So-
tion today vigorously embraced the
to use his maiden address to the
Soviet Union's offer to move ahead
viet offer was a "very, very clever
U.N. General Assembly on Monday
move" in which Moscow has
on a strategic arms treaty without
to call for specific steps by all na-
changed the "form of what they're
resolving the differences over defen-
tions for the improved monitoring
asking, but not the substance" of
sive weapons. But House Armed Ser-
and verification that would be nec-
vices Committee Chairman Les
opposition to SDI. Aspin said that
essary to enforce a global ban on
Aspin (D-Wis.) raised questions
by agreeing to remove the link be-
chemical weapons, administration
officials said today.
about the wisdom of the Soviet pro-
tween the two issues, the admin-
posal.
istration would lose any leverage it
The new proposal is the product
of private deliberations in recent
Such U.S.-Soviet. disagreements
might have to use SDI as a bargain-
have been a major roadblock in re-
ing chip in the talks on reducing
weeks by Bush and his top advisers,
who have been criticized as too cau-
cent years to completing a treaty
offensive weapons.
limiting strategic, or long-range,
National security adviser Brent
tious and passive in capitalizing on
weapons. Shevardnadze announced
Scowcroft told reporters here the
opportunities in arms control.
Bush has long favored a ban on
after seeing Baker that Moscow
Soviet offer was motivated by "an
chemical weapons, but the United
would be willing to move ahead with
increased interest" in achieving a
talks on reducing strategic offensive
strategic arms accord. "They no
States has been frustrated by the
nuclear weapons without resolving
longer have the leverage they
refusal of Third World nations
disagreements on research and test-
thought they had" in trying to halt
adhere to proposed international
standards for monitoring and ver-
ing of space-based arms.
SDI, he said. Scowcroft, inter-
The United States so far has ob-
viewed earlier on NBC News's
ification. The officials said Bush's
served a narrow interpretation of
"Meet the Press," acknowledged
new proposals would offer specific
the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile
that another factor in the Soviet
suggestions, including timetables,
(ABM) Treaty in developing its an-
offer may be that the ambitious
for dealing with these problems and
timissile Strategic Defense Initia-
plans for SDI that then-President
reportedly also include cuts in the
tive (SDI). But official U.S. policy,
Ronald Reagan once envisioned-a
superpowers' chemical arsenals.
set by the Reagan administration, is
global umbrella against nuclear at-
"Many people have suggested
that the treaty permits far more
tack-have been sharply scaled
that the United States has been
advanced testing of space-based
back by Reagan and Bush.
treading water in the chemical
antimissile weapons than the Sovi-
Scowcroft, Baker and other of-
[weapons] negotiations," said a sen-
ets say it does.
ior offical familiar with the Bush
ficials added, however, that major
Shevardnadze said the Soviets
proposal. "I don't think that's the
hurdles to achieving a strategic
would continue to insist on the right
case, but I doubt there will be very
arms accord still remain, including
to pull out of any strategic arms
the difficult issue of air- and sea-
many people saying that after the
treaty later if the United States
launched cruise missiles.
president's speech."
moved to deploy the space-based
Secretary of State James A. Bak-
SDI, often called "Star Wars."
Staff writer Don Oberdorfer
er III reached an agreement over
The Soviet offer was hailed as a
contributed to this report.
the weekend with Soviet Foreign
"positive development" by Baker,
Minister Eduard Shevardnadze on
who said in a television interview on
improved verification and data ex-
CBS News's "Face the Nation" that
change on chemical weapons. Baker
the Soviets had removed "a major
also told Shevardnadze of Bush's
stumbling block" to moving ahead
new plan, officials said, which was
on a strategic arms treaty.
described as intended to bolster the
ongoing negotiations on a global
ban.
WASHINGTON POST, 9/25/89, p. A-1
-2-
Mountain Air Appears to Invigorate
U.S. Relationship With Soviet Union
By Don Oberdorfer
Washington Post Staff Writer
By Saturday afternoon, however,
NEW YORK, Sept. 24-Eight
after a visit to the White House and
protocols to the 1974 and 1976
months after taking office, the Bush
two days of meeting Baker in the
U.S.-Soviet underground nuclear
administration last week finally found
Grand Tetons, Shevardnadze
testing treaties to be signed at the
a solid footing in its most strategic-
seemed satisfied that U.S.-Soviet
spring/summer summit, sending
ally important international relation-
relations "have now moved energet-
those treaties to the Senate in the
ically" toward higher ground.
second half of next year.
ship, that with the Soviet Union. It
The portents, as developed in
Next in line would be START,
was a cautious and restrained begin-
Gorbachev's nine-page letter to
with some administration officials
ning, but under pressure from the
Soviets and U.S. politics, the pace is
Bush last week and in the Wyoming
seeing a real chance that the treaty
beginning to pick up.
discussions which followed, are for
can be signed late next year or early
The first summit meeting of
in 1991, thus moving that historic
much deeper U.S.-Soviet engage-
President Bush and President
pact to Senate ratification before the
ment across a very broad front,
Mikhail Gorbachev has now been
presidential election year of 1992.
ranging from nuclear arms to hu-
The Soviets made it very clear
set for late spring or early summer.
man rights, from chemical weapons
last week they also are anxious to
The approach of the
NEWS
control to Central America, from
move quickly in the 23-nation East-
summit, however re-
ANALYSIS
the economics of perestroika to
West negotiations to reduce con-
mote it seems in Sep-
Bush's "open skies" ideas.
ventional arms in Europe. The So-
tember as the autumn leaves turn
In their proposals to delink stra-
viet proposal for joint foreign min-
to gold, will bring about much more
tegic arms cutbacks from the space
isters of NATO and the Warsaw
intense Washington-Moscow con-
issues and to dismantle the Kras-
Pact to advance an agreement early
sultations in the coming months and
noyarsk radar in Siberia, the Sovi-
next year and for a NATO-Warsaw
force many preparatory decisions.
ets showed they are eager to move
Pact summit to sign it at the end of
Secretary of State James A. Bak-
quickly to complete the landmark
next year would be a historical first
er III is likely to travel to Moscow
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
and adds a new intensity to the con-
in the November-January period
after a slow START in the Bush
ventional arms prospect.
and Foreign Minister Eduard
administration.
As they prepared to leave the
Shevardnadze may then meet Baker
There is serious debate among
breathtaking scenery of Wyoming
in Washington or a European capital
U.S. experts about the significance
this morning, Shevardnadze and
early next year. In the meantime,
of Moscow's delinking move, which
Baker paid tribute to the part their
arms control negotiations will be
the Gorbachev letter alluded to in
scenic and relaxed surrondings
proceeding apace, starting with re-
vague terms but which Shevard-
played in their deliberations. This
sumption of strategic arms talks
nadze made explicit for the first
seemed to validate President
next Friday.
time Friday morning in Wyoming.
Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1944 idea
Gorbachev's summit in the Unit-
However, comments by top U.S.
of siting the United Nations in the
ed States will come 15 to 18
officials, including those on today's
Black Hills of South Dakota, so the
months after Bush's inauguration
television public affairs programs,
diplomats could commune with na-
and about two years after the 1988
leave little doubt that the adminis-
ture or fish for trout when faced by
Moscow summit, hardly a high-
tration has decided, in the words of
tough international issues.
speed move to continue the mo-
a senior official, "to declare victory
In the end, of course, the United
mentum of the Reagan administra-
and move on" from this previously
Nations was located on the East
tion's last years. This seems to suit
intractable problem.
River in New York City instead. But
the Bush-Baker team just fine, since
Moscow's other unexpected ma-
the past week seemed to suggest
many of its leading officials were
neuver-shifting the issue of sea-
there may have been something to
uneasy with the euphoria and some
launched cruise missiles from the
FDR's theory.
of the finish-line decisions of Pres-
body of START to a side agree-
ident Reagan's final year.
ment-is hard to explain except as an
The Soviet leadership, dealing
accommodation to the Bush admin-
with historic and sometimes-threat-
istration's worries about Senate trea-
ening change at an almost dizzying
ty ratification. Thus the Kremlin is
velocity, was outspokenly unhappy
joining the State Department's sev-
about Washington's reticence. Less
enth floor in thinking politically, es-
than two weeks ago, Shevardnadze,
pecially regarding the U.S. Congress.
a close Politburo associate of Gor-
The very tentative timetable
bachev, complained publicly of
which seems to be emerging from
Washington's "timidity" and "irres-
all this is for the nearly-completed
olute stance," which he said were
damaging opportunities of world-
wide importance.
WASHINGTON POST, 9/25/89, p. A- 20
Nation
Faulted early on for dithering over
Vision Problems at State
Mikhail Gorbachev's peace offensive, the
Administration is now accused of being
too passive about opportunities in Eastern
Critics say James Baker has no consistent policies
Europe. In response, Bush last week dou-
bled U.S. emergency food aid for Poland
running foreign policy-the President
to $100 million. After presenting an early
BY CHRISTOPHER OGDEN
handles that. After a rocky start in a
blueprint for Arab-Israeli negotiations,
t may be a great place for a powwow-
new field, the legendary political opera-
Baker has moved back to the Middle East
but a superpower rendezvous? This
tive is still taking lumps from critics who
sidelines. The U.S. has also miscalculated
week's meeting between Secretary of State
argue he is quick to cut a deal, such as
in Cambodia, backing Prince Norodom
James Baker and Soviet Foreign Minister
the bipartisan accord on Nicaragua, but
Sihanouk, who is willing to work with the
Eduard Shevardnadze takes place not in
slow to present a consistent strategy for
murderous Khmer Rouge, instead of the
Washington or New York City but Wyo-
critical areas like Eastern Europe and
Hanoi-backed Hun Sen regime, which is
ming's remote Grand Teton National
the Middle East.
rebuilding the country.
Park, a glorious setting and a logistical
The criticism comes from both left
But there have been brighter spots.
nightmare. At a modern-day campsite
and right. "To provide leadership, you
Baker won plaudits for the Central Amer-
near Jackson Hole, advance men have
can't just respond to circumstances, you
ican plan that demobilizes the contras.
hauled in satellite dishes, encryption ma-
have to create them," says Senator Alan
"He handled it well," said Kansas Repub-
chines, secure telephones, simultaneous-
Cranston, the liberal California Demo-
lican Senator Nancy Kassebaum. "It was
fuzzy enough for everyone
The
to find a niche." Policy to-
ward South Africa is on
legendary
hold until new President
political
F.W. de Klerk shows his
hand, but the Administra-
operative is
tion has been tougher on
accused of
apartheid. "Baker is much
more positive on South Af-
being quick to
rica than Reagan," said Il-
linois Democrat Paul Si-
cut a deal but
mon, who chairs the
slow to
Senate's Africa subcom-
mittee. Baker also fine-
present a
tuned the cautious U.S. re-
sponse to the Tiananmen
strategy
Square massacre, pressing
Bush for additional sanc-
tions after sensing the
depth of outrage in
Congress.
If Baker has not be-
A quick study: the Secretary of State in his office
come the President's prime
minister, he has retained
translation systems, crates of computers,
crat and Foreign Relations Committee
his role as counselor. He and Bush meet
hundreds of pounds of barbecue and a gift
veteran. Frank Gaffney, director of the
privately twice a week for sessions that
box of hand-tooled cowboy boots.
conservative Center for Security Policy,
range well beyond foreign affairs. But
Between talks on arms control and ar-
thinks that Baker "believes in success for
Baker carefully avoids meddling in the
rangements for a Bush-Gorbachev sum-
its own sake and often finds specific goals
domestic agenda. Instead, he has settled
mit, Baker wants Shevardnadze to experi-
inconvenient. That's not leadership or vi-
in with Defense Secretary Dick Cheney
ence a different America at a Saturday
sion." Even Shevardnadze took a shot last
and National Security Adviser Brent
cookout and Western hoedown. The in-
week, complaining that "the restrained,
Scowcroft to form the most collegial team
formal atmosphere, he hopes, will en-
indecisive position of the American Ad-
since the three worked together in the
hance their rapport. The scenario is vin-
ministration" has led to a "peculiar lull"
Ford presidency. They gather each
tage Baker: relaxed on the surface,
in arms control.
Wednesday in Scowcroft's office and co-
complex beneath.
Foreign service professionals have
ordinate throughout the week. Deferring
When George Bush appointed his
loudly criticized their boss for freezing
to Baker, the more experienced Scowcroft
friend of 30 years to run the State Depart-
them out and surrounding himself with
seems content to be First Facilitator-
ment, there was speculation that Baker
longtime aides. "He's running a mini-NSC,
and closer to the Oval Office.
might actually function as an unofficial
not State," complained a senior diplomat.
If the triumphs have so far been small,
Deputy President. A former Treasury
"We learn what our policy is when we
neither have there been any large mis-
Secretary, White House chief of staff and
read it in the newspapers."
takes. The sniping is likely to lessen if the
three-time presidential campaign chair-
Yet Baker announced from the outset
spirit of Jackson Hole picks up the pace of
man, Baker was expected to be the power
that he intended to be the President's man
U.S.-Soviet relations. In the meantime,
next to the throne. That conjecture has so
at State and not State's man at the White
Baker ignores the grumbling, particularly
far been wrong.
House. If U.S. foreign policy lacks vision,
from his own department. If the profes-
After eight months in his mahogany-
the shortcoming may stem less from Bak-
sional diplomats were so smart, he mut-
paneled office overlooking the Lincoln
er than from Bush, who reacts better than
tered last week, why hadn't they thought
Memorial, First Friend Baker is not even
he anticipates.
of inviting Shevardnadze to Wyoming?
22
TIME, SEPTEMBER 25, 1989
White House News Summary -- Monday, September 25, 1989 -- A-3
BUSH WILL URGE WORLD TO BAN CHEMICAL ARMS
KENNEBUNKPORT -- President Bush, bolstered by new accords with the
Soviets, is expected to make a dramatic call at the U.N. Monday for a ban
on the use and production of deadly chemical weapons.
Administration officials indicated that the President would call for a
multilateral agreement on a chemical weapons ban or steps leading to such a
historic treaty.
He is also expected to seek an end to chemical weapons production, the
official suggested
In addition to the chemical-weapons proposal, National Security
Adviser Scowcroft said, "The thrust of the U.N. speech will be celebrating
the march of democracy and freedom, dealing with many of the multilateral
issues affecting the world -- drugs, terrorism, environment."
Asked if he was nostalgic about returning to the U.N., Bush said,
"Yeah. Looking forward to it."
(Paul Bedard, Washington Times, Al)
Bush To Address United Nations
KENNEBUNKPORT -- President Bush is preparing to challenge the Soviet
Union to match the U.S. in making cuts of more than 50 percent in chemical
weapon stockpiles as a step toward abolishing them, Administration sources
say.
Bush planned to make the proposal Monday in New York in his first
presidential speech before the 44th session of the U.N. General Assembly.
Secretary of State Baker said the initiative would "move the world closer
to a ban on chemical weapons."
Administration sources in New York said Sunday night that Bush would
tell the U.N. he is prepared to slash U.S. chemical weapons stockpiles by
more than 50 percent provided that Soviet Union makes similar reductions.
Bush also planned to suggest sanctions against other countries which
proceed with chemical weapons production, the sources said
The President also planned Monday to call for international
cooperation on drugs, terrorism and the environment.
(Terence Hunt, AP)
Bush/U.N. General Assembly
NEW YORK -- George Bush's appearance Monday at the U.N., his first as
President, provided a touch of nostalgia for the man who represented the
Administration of Richard Nixon at the world body.
Bush, who served as U.S. ambassador from 1971-73, was to address the
U.N. General Assembly Monday to "offer a new initiative that will bring the
world closer to a ban on chemical weapons," said Secretary of State
Baker
A senior U.S. official who requested anonymity said the summit
probably will require two more preparatory meetings between Baker and
Soviet foreign Minister Shevardnadze, the first in November or January,
probably in the Soviet Union.
Bush promised a summit covering "a wide array of subjects," but placed
particular focus on prospects for movement in arms control.
Bush told reporters Sunday that he had "added a couple things" to his
U.N. speech to reflect the advances made during the talks in Wyoming
between Baker and Shevardnadze.
(Helen Thomas, UPI)
-more-
White House News Summary -- Monday, September 25, 1989 -- A-4
OPPOSITION GROUP SEEKS RECOGNITION IN SOVIET LEGISLATURE
Deputies Call For Multi-Party System
MOSCOW -- A fledgling opposition group in the new Soviet parliament
Sunday adopted a draft political platform calling for movement toward
establishment of a multi-party political system, a mixed economy and a free
press.
The draft program was endorsed at the end of two days of heated debate
by progressive legislators who have formed their own parliamentary group to
press for the speeding up of President Gorbachev's perestroika reform
program. The group claims to represent at least 357 out of the 2,250
members of the Congress of People's Deputies elected earlier this year
The draft program adopted by the Inter-Regional Group goes
considerably beyond the more cautious political and economic reforms
envisaged by the Communist Party leadership. It sets the stage for alively
debate during the autumn session of the Supreme Soviet, or working
legislature of the congress, which opens in Moscow on Monday.
(Michael Dobbs, Washington Post, A17)
U.S. SAYS SOVIETS COULD MAKE CUBA STOP ARMING NICARAGUA
U.S. officials Monday claimed Soviet leaders could stop Cuba from
sending massive amounts of East bloc arms to Nicaragua "if they so desire."
National Security Adviser Scowcroft said Soviet President Gorbachev
could threaten to cut off aid to Cuba's Fidel Castro or take other actions
to halt the buildup of weapons that has made Nicaragua's army the largest
in Central America.
He said Secretary of State Baker pressed that message in weekend talks
with Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze in Jackson Hole.
Scowcroft's comments on NBC-TV's "Meet the Press" came as the Soviet
news agency, Tass, announced that Shevardnadze would travel to Nicaragua
early next month.
(James Morrison, Washington Times, A8)
QUAYLE SAYS PROGRESS NEEDED IN U.S.-JAPAN TRADE TALKS
TOKYO -- Vice President Quayle told Japan's trade minister Monday a
lack of progress in structural trade talks between the two countries could
create political problems for President Bush.
In a 30-minute discussion with Japanese International Trade and
Industry Minister Hikaru Matsunaga, Quayle said structural trade problems
were politically difficult, but it was important to make progress over then
next year, a ministry spokesman told reporters.
The talks, which focus on non-tariff barriers to imports of American
goods, began in Tokyo earlier this month
A White House official in Tokyo said Matsunaga assured Quayle that
Japan will become an import superpower and take specific steps to stimulate
incoming trade. These steps will include tax incentives for importers,
Japanese trade missions to identify U.S. products, especially consumer
goods, and new trade centres to encourage sales of U.S. goods and services
in Japan.
(Reuter)
-more-
White House News Summary - Monday, September 25, 1989 -- C-5
DISCUSSION, Hodding Carter joins in.
BRINKLEY: When the President made his speech about drugs the other night,
he waved a little envelope full of crack which had been bought just across
the street from the White House in our no doubt famous Lafayette Park. It
now turns out it was bought in Lafayette Park but only when the drug
agents, persuaded shall I say a drug dealer to sell it to them but first
to move over in front of the White House. Now there's some complaint about
that; it's seen as a deception.
DONALDSON: Seen as a deception? Who would come up with that idea?
What
I say to George Bush is: Why don't you think big? Entice him into the
White House grounds. Think what it would be like to say, I have discovered,
right here on the South Lawn of the White House, they're
selling crack and I'm not going to have it. I mean I just think his
problem was he didn't think big enough
CARTER: It just makes it look like a laughing stock, you see. But it's
consistent. I mean this little bit of deception about this massive new war
on drugs is a pretty good symbol of that massive new war on drugs, which is
mostly deception and very little war. They said they were going to add $2
billion more in real money for this thing over what they had
They're
not going to add a third of that. They won't talk about really taxing so
they want to tax your imagination by coming up with a little game about
buying it in Lafayette Park
You can probably find it inside the
Executive Branch closer than Lafayette Park
But it's part of the game
here, which is a big announced war with very few troops, so you go for
gimmickery.
WILL:
There is an amusing aspect of this and that is that the Bush
Administration is ostentatiously, not to say obnoxiously, superior in its
own mind to the Reagan Administration which, they allege, paid too much
attention to media gimmicks
DONALDSON:
Yeah, the Reagan Administration was tops at gimmickery. The
Bush Administration can't hold a candle to it and I'm glad of it. At least
the President comes to the Press Room frequently, he talks to reporters. I
mean, this President is far more accessible and far more honest.
CARTER: But when the going gets tough, he goes back to gimmickery, whether
it's the flag factor or buying drugs in a non-existent drug bust.
-more-
White House News Summary Monday, September 25, 1989 -- C-6
NBC's MEET THE PRESS
MODERATOR: Garrick Utley.
PANEL: Robert Kaiser, John Cochran.
GUEST: Gen. Brent Scowcroft.
ON U.S.-SOVIET RELATIONS/ARMS TALKS:
UTLEY: First of all, the Soviets, at this conference, formally dropped
their linkage of our having to limit SDI in exchange for going ahead with
an agreement on long-range strategic weapons. In your view, and in the
President's view, does this now mean that the way is open for an agreement
on START by the summit conference next summer?
SCOWCROFT: Well, I think what it means is that one major roadblock to such
an agreement has been cleared away. It is not the only major issue
remaining, but it's a significant one and being able to deal with it aside
on honest merits rather than as a precondition to a START treaty is
certainly a step forward.
UTLEY: Do you see it likely that there will be an agreement by the summit
next summer?
SCOWCROFT: I think that the particular time set for the summit is designed
on the presumption that by that time there would at least be significant
progress, if not the conclusion of, an agreement on that. As the President
said yesterday, arms control is not the only issue worthy of discussion
between the two sides. But certainly, major progress or conclusion of
START treaty is a major issue which would be dealt with at any summit.
KAISER: Let me ask if the Soviet Union has really changed its position on
Star Wars or whether it's really the Bush Administration that's changed
SCOWCROFT: I think it is clearly the Soviet Union that has changed its
position. We have always said that the two should be dealt with separately
and that negotiations on strategic defense should go forward on their own
momentum and START on its own, and the Soviets have now said go ahead.
KAISER: Hasn't the Bush Administration pretty much given up on the original
Reagan idea of a strategic defense that would really protect the United
States from attack? That's out the window now, isn't it?
SCOWCROFT: I think it's important to remember how the whole issue of SDI
has evolved during the Reagan Administration. And at the end of that
Administration there were discussions of a first phase deployment, and so
on, so that the original notion, as expressed by President Reagan in 1983,
had already been amended significantly.
COCHRAN: I'm told that the Soviet's settlement question of
submarine-launched cruise missiles, which has been a real sticking point,
that they may be willing to conclude a treaty without even dealing with
that. Is that the real news?
more-
White House News Summary Monday, September 25, 1989 -- C-7
SCOWCROFT: I think that's another significant step. That is one of the
thorniest issues remaining, principally because of the difficulties, if not
impossibility, of verification. The fact that the Soviets are now
prepared, perhaps, to set aside that issue and not necessarily include it
in the treaty does make even more likely the chances that we could come to
an agreement.
UTLEY:
Is it your understanding that as part of an agreement we will
have to sign or acknowledge that we will continue to observe the 1972 ABM
agreement? Is that going to be somewhere in the large or small print?
SCOWCROFT: This has not really been negotiated. All we have, so far, is
the statement of delinkage. And our assumption is that we can go ahead and
conclude the START Treaty regardless of the state of negotiations on the
ABM Treaty, on discussions relating to it, and on interpretation of that
treaty, and a U.S. SDI program. Now, the Soviets do propose discussions on
what is permissible an impermissible, and we have had, for some time,
problems with that. And there is also the open question of abiding by the
ABM Treaty as signed because there's a different interpretation as to what
that means. So those issues are still open, but I think they will not be
required to be resolved before the conclusion of a START Treaty.
UTLEY: There seems to be a much more forthcoming attitude from the Soviets.
How do you interpret that? What does that signify to you?
SCOWCROFT:
There was a remarkable lack of what one might call mutual
recriminations in these discussions
Instead, there was a focus on the
issues between us and proposals on one side or both sides to resolve or to
deal with those major issues. One of the most encouraging things about it
all was the atmosphere in which these discussions took place, what I think
was a sincere effort to move the issues forward to conclusion.
KAISER: One possible interpretation of all that might be that this is an
area in which the United States can actually do Shevardnadze and his boss
Gorbachev some big favors
Is the Bush Administration prepared to help
them, not by giving them anything, but just by speeding up the timetable
and moving as quickly as possible to get those agreements?
SCOWCROFT: Yes, we are interested in moving forward as quickly as is
prudent. Whatever their motivation, the United States is focused on
advancing U.S. national interest and in reducing the chances of conflict.
Anything that does that, regardless of the motivation, assuming it is
sincere, can be verified and is in the U.S. national interest, why we
certainly want to proceed as fast as possible.
KAISER: And is it possible that the summit will be at the end of, or at the
very last stages of negotiating both a sweeping conventional arms reduction
agreement and a START agreement?
SCOWCROFT: Well, I think you have to separate the two because on a
conventional arms agreement, the so-called CFE agreement, that is a
multilateral agreement being negotiated between the Warsaw Pact and NATO
and thus it's on a separate, not a bilateral track. But certainly it is
our hope, as the President announced at the NATO summit, that he hoped
within six months to a year to be able to conclude that and obviously we're
hoping for significant, if not complete, progress on START.
-more-
White House News Summary - Monday, September 25, 1989 -- C-8
ON AFGHANISTAN:
UTLEY:
In our talks now with the Russians, are we willing to come to
some kind of political compromise in Afghanistan?
SCOWCROFT: We've always been prepared to come to a compromise. We're not
insisting on any particular government in Afghanistan. What we're
interested in is a government which broadly respects the will of the
peoples there and so far that has not been forthcoming. The Soviets have
been pouring equipment in Afghanistan to maintain the Najibullah regime in
power and we think that is not compatible with resolving the Afghan
problem.
ON NICARAGUA:
COCHRAN: We understand the Soviets are saying they can't control Fidel
Castro, who is the bad guy sending all these weapons to the Sandinistas.
You don't really believe that, do you?
SCOWCROFT: No, I don't believe it. I don't believe they have complete
control over Fidel Castro, but they certainly have sufficient leverage, I
think, from sending arms to Nicaragua. The two sides did agree on the
desirability of free and open elections in Nicaragua. If the Soviets are
sincere, that is a step forward.
ON POLAND:
KAISER: Your administration has been criticized in Congress for timidity
in dealing with the historic changes that seem to be going on in the Soviet
Empire
Aren't you being too timid? Isn't this an historic chance
being missed?
SCOWCROFT:
I think we're moving at a pace which is prudent and which is
calculated to bring about the best results. We have never said we would
not provide more aid to Poland. What we have in mind is a sequential plan
which links the extent to which the United States and the free world can
and should aid Poland with the kind of steps that only Poland can make to
restructure its economy and make that aid useful. If there's nothing that
happens other than we're pouring money and butter and so on into Poland, as
happened to a certain extent in the early 1970s, we are contributing to a
negative outcome, not a positive outcome.
KAISER: Does that mean you might be willing to accept an increased aid
package that the Senate Foreign Relations Committee approved
Are you
prepared to negotiate on that and accept more?
SCOWCROFT: We are certainly prepared to negotiate on the issue and we would
hope that instead of a kind of competitive, domestic political issue we
could look at Poland as a national, bipartisan issue for the United States
and look at what we ought to do, not who can make the biggest headline.
-more-
White House News Summary -- Monday, September 25, 1989 -- A-1
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
U.S. ENDORSES SOVIET PROPOSAL TO MOVE AHEAD ON ARMS PACT
KENNEBUNKPORT -- The Bush Administration Sunday vigorously embraced
the Soviet Union's offer to move ahead on a strategic arms treaty without
resolving the differences over defensive weapons, but a key House Democrat
raised questions about the wisdom of the Soviet proposal.
Such S.S.-Soviet disagreements have been a major roadblock in recent
years to completing a treaty limiting strategic, or long-range, weapons.
Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze announced after talks with
Secretary of State Baker that Moscow would be willing to move ahead with
talks about reducing strategic offensive nuclear weapons without resolving
disagreements about research and testing of space-based weapons
Shevardnadze said the Soviets would continue to insist on the right to
pull out of any strategic arms treaty later if the U.S. moved to deploy the
space-based SDI
But the House Armed Services Committee Chairman Aspin cautioned that
the Soviet offer was a "very, very clever move" in which Moscow has changed
the "form of what they're asking, but not the substance" of its opposition
to SDI.
Aspin said that by agreeing to remove the link between the two issues,
the Administration would lose any leverage it might have to use SDI as a
bargaining chip in the talks on reducing offensive weapons. "We could ask
the Soviets to give something up like all SS-18 (missiles) or whatever else
we want" in exchange for limits on SDI. "The difficulty with the situation
now is -- they delink it but we're not getting anything for it on the
offensive cuts."
National Security Adviser Scowcroft told reporters here the Soviet
offer was motivated by "an increased interest" in achieving a strategic
arms accord. "They no longer have the leverage they thought they had" in
trying to halt SDI, he said.
(David Hoffman, Washington Post, A1)
TWO DAYS ALTERED RELATIONS BETWEEN SUPERPOWERS
JACKSON HOLE -- In two short days of meetings and recreation in this
unlikely 0ld West setting, James Baker and Eduard Shevardnadze may have
altered the course of relations between the world's nuclear superpowers.
Moving at a breathless clip that contrasted sharply with the usual
stodgy pace of U.S.-Soviet diplomacy, the two foreign secretaries reached
new agreements limiting chemical weapons and nuclear testing and made
unanticipated progress toward a treaty on strategic unclear arms.
With the striking Grand Teton mountains as a backdrop, they worked to
remove travel restrictions in the two nations, allow one another's skies to
be intruded upon by inspecting aircraft and pledged to cooperate on global
problems ranging from the "greenhouse" effect to driftnet fishing
What appeared striking here this weekend, and perhaps significant in
the long run, were the open discussions and give-and-take -- unimaginable a
year or two ago -- on issues outside the formal agenda.
Shevardnadze, whose boss is beset by economic stagnation and
calls
for autonomy from the Soviet Union's
minorities, asked for American
advice on the first count and, U.S. officials say, was exceptionally candid
on the second.
(Warren Strobel, Washington Times, A8)
-more-
White House News Summary -- Monday, September 25, 1989 -- A-2
SCOWCROFT HAILS U.S.-SOVIET AGREEMENTS
National Security Adviser Scowcroft said "clearly progress has been
made" between the Soviet Union and the U.S. on arms talks as a result of
agreements announced by the two sides in Wyoming.
Scowcroft made the remarks Sunday to reporters in Kennebunkport, where
President Bush is spending the weekend before addressing the U.N. General
Assembly in New York Monday.
Secretary of State Baker and Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze
ended two days of intense talks in Jackson Hole Saturday that resulted in a
breakthrough in strategic arms negotiations and the removal of a major
irritant in superpower relations.
In a surprise announcement at the end of the two-day summit,
Shevardnadze told a news conference the Soviet Union "will dismantle the
facility at Krasnoyarsk," a huge radar station that the U.S. has declared
to be a clear violation of the 1972 ABM treaty.
The two sides also announced that there will be a superpower summit
"in late spring or early summer" in the U.S. between President Bush and
Soviet leader Gorbachev.
The American side revealed, and the Soviets confirmed, that
Shevardnadze had told Baker that the Soviet Union had dropped its
insistence on linking the U.S. SDI with an agreement on long-range
offensive ballistic missiles.
(UPI)
MOUNTAIN AIR APPEARS TO INVIGORATE U.S.
RELATIONSHIP WITH SOVIET UNION
NEW YORK --- Eight months after taking office, the Bush Administration
last week finally found a solid footing in its most strategically important
international relationship, that with the Soviet Union. It was a cautious
and restrained beginning, but under pressure from the Soviets and U.S.
politics, the pace is beginning to pick up
Gorbachev's summit in the U.S. will come 15 to 18 months after Bush's
inauguration and about two years after the 1988 Moscow summit, hardly a
high-speed move to continue the momentum of the Reagan Administration's
last years. This seems to suit the Bush-Baker team just fine, since many
of its leading officials were uneasy with the euphoria and some of the
finish-line decisions of President Reagan's final year
In their proposals to delink strategic arms cutbacks from the space
issues and to dismantle the Krasnoyarsk radar in Siberia, the Soviets
showed they are eager to move quickly to complete the landmark Strategic
Arms Reduction Treaty after a slow START in the Bush Administration.
There is serious debate among U.S. experts about the significance of
Moscow's delinking move, which the Gorbachev letter alluded to in vague
terms but which Shevardnadze made explicit for the first time Friday
morning in Wyoming. However, comments by top U.S. officials, including
those on Sunday's television public affairs programs, leave little doubt
that the Administration has decided, in the words of a senior official, "To
declare victory and move on" from this previously intractable problem.
(Don Oberdorfer, news analysis, Washington Post, A20)
-more-
CURRENT NEWS
EARLY BIRD
MONDAY, September 25, 1989
WASHINGTON TIMES
SEPT. 25, 1989
Pg. 6
Cheney cites dip in Soviet tank production
power," and cautioned that informa-
closer to the Central Intelligence
By Peter Almond
tion on the entire Soviet defense bud-
Agency's estimate of 3,500 no
NEW YORK TIMES
THE WASHINGTON TIMES
get "is still shaky" because of a lack
change.
SEPT. 25, 1989
of data on previous budgets.
What has worried military offi-
Soviet tank production a key
Pentagon and other experts on the
cials is that even with no change, the
Pg. 1
indicator of the Soviet Union's com-
Soviet military said yesterday there
Soviets were producing enough
mitment to shifting resources from
is new intelligence information that
brand-new T-80 tanks with their
U.S. ASKS SOVIETS
military to civilian uses - finally is
reportedly confirms a cutback from
shell-resistant reactive armor to re-
declining, according to Defense Sec-
the annual production of 3,500 tanks
place the 10,000 old T-55 and T-62
retary Richard Cheney.
- almost six times the U.S. rate of
tanks they are withdrawing in the
TO AGREE TO CUTS
Until recently, administration of-
600 M1-A1 tanks a year.
next three years. The Soviets, there-
ficials had maintained that Soviet
The new rate was unknown yes-
fore, would be in a stronger position
tank production had not dropped,
terday, but one source said it appears
than they were before.
despite a December announcement
to be on track with a statement by
IN CHEMICAL ARMS
by Soviet President Mikhail S. Gor-
U.S. experts, however, have been
Marshal Sergei Akhromeyev, senior
Bachev that he was cutting 10,000
relieved this summer to find that the
military adviser to Mr. Gorbachev, to
tanks, 500,000 troops and 14 percent
Red Army is deeply involved in re-
the House Armed Services Commit-
of the defense budget.
structuring itself along more defen-
GLOBAL BAN STILL SOUGHT
tee in June. He said the rate would
The apparent failure to accom-
sive lines and appears to require
be down to 1,700- half the U.S. es-
plish the cutback was cited by senior
fewer tanks than originally thought.
timate - by the end of the year.
Pentagon officials as a major reason
But the cutback still doesn't con-
Soviet tank production has been
for intense caution about Soviet in-
vince Mr. Cheney.
New Proposal Comes During
difficult for U.S. intelligence ana-
tentions and a warning not to cut the
lysts to gauge. In May, in an exclu-
Two weeks ago he said he believed
a Weekend of Progress on
U.S. defense budget any further.
sive report for The Washington
the Soviet military is supporting Mr.
But yesterday Mr. Cheney said
Times, the Defense Intelligence
Gorbachev's reform efforts in order
Disarmament Issues
there has been a change.
Agency concluded that production
to gain access to Western technology
"There is evidence that the pro-
had increased in the first quarter of
and to bring the Soviets back to a
duction rate of certain conventional
the year from an annual rate of 3,500
technological level comparable to
By MICHAEL R. GORDON
systems, such as tanks, is, in fact,
the West.
to about 5,000.
Special 10 The New York Times
declining," Mr. Cheney said on the
That analysis alarmed Army and
And yesterday Mr. Cheney said he
JACKSON, Wyo., Sept. 24 - The
ABC-TV's "This Week."
congressional leaders but later was
has not changed his controversial
United States has asked the Soviet
He said modernization of strate-
disavowed by the Pentagon, whose
view expressed last May that Mr.
Union to consider a proposal under
gic intercontinental nuclear ballistic
spokesman said a further review ap-
Gorbachev ultimately would fail to
which the two sides would make deep
missiles "is more robust today than
peared to reveal a flawed analysis.
achieve the reforms he seeks and
cuts in their arsenals of chemical
it was when Mr. Gorbachev came to
The figure, he said, was probably
would be replaced by a hard-liner.
weapons before a global treaty is
reached on banning poison gas.
WASHINGTON POST
SEPT. 25, 1989
Pg. 1
The unexpected American proposal,
which is to be announced by President
U.S. Endorses Soviet Proposal
advanced testing of space-based
Bush in his United Nations address on
antimissile weapons than- the Sevi-
Monday, was conveyed to Soviet side
ets say it does.
during the weekend talks here, diplo-
To Move Ahead on Arms Pact
Shevardnadze said the Soviets
mats said.
would continue to insist on the right
Bush Administration officials por-
to pull out of any strategic arms
trayed the proposal to slash the Amer-
Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard
treaty later if the United States
ican and Soviet chemical arsenals as a
Shevardnadze announced after talks
moved to deploy the space-based
means of lending momentum to the 40-
By David Hoffman
SDI, often called "Star Wars."
nation negotiations in Geneva on a
Washington Post Staff Writer
with Secretary of State James A.
The Soviet offer was bailed as a
global ban on poison gas and not as a
KENNEBUNKPORT, Maine,
Baker III that Moscow would be
"positive development" by Baker,
substitute for those negotiations.
Sept. Bush administration
willing to move ahead with talks
who said in a television interview on
The proposal was put to the Soviets
today vigorously embraced the So-
about reducing strategic offensive
CBS News's "Face the Nation" that
during a weekend in which the two
viet Union's offer to move ahead on
nuclear weapons without resolving
sides reached agreements or made
the Soviets had removed "a major
a strategic arms treaty without re-
disagreements about research and
progress on an array of arms issues,
stumbling block" to moving ahead
testing of space-based weapons.
including nuclear testing and strategic
solving the differences over defen-
on a strategic arms treaty. Baker
sive weapons, but a key House
The United States so far has ob-
arms as well as chemical weapons.
said the Soviet offer means a stra-
Officials said the new proposal on
Democrat raised questions about
served a narrow interpretation of
tegic arms treaty could be "nego-
chemical arms was part of a broader
the wisdom of the Soviet proposal.
the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile
tiated and implemented without
plan that would deal with ways to
Such U.S.-Soviet disagreements
(ABM) Treaty in developing its an-
having a defense and space treaty."
strengthen the emerging global treaty.
have been a major roadblock in re-
timissile Strategic Defense Initia-
But House Armed Services Com-
Such measures could involve sanctions
cent years to completing a treaty
tive (SDI). But official U.S. policy,
against countries that violate a ban and
limiting strategic, or long-range,
set by the Reagan administration, is
PACT
Pg.
2
that the treaty permits far more
ARMS
Pg.
2
weapons.
This publication is prepared by American Forces Information Service (AFIS/OASD-PA) to bring to the attention of key personnel news items of
interest to them in their official capacities. It is not intended to substitute for newspapers and periodicals as a means of
keeping informed about the meaning and impact of news developments. Use of these articles does not reflect
official endorsement. Further reproduction for private use or gain is subject to original copyright restrictions.
TENDER 25, 1909
NEW YORK TIMES
ARMS
from Pg. 1
tions of chemical weapons stockpiles.
fied treaty that limits the size of under-
This agreement is important be-
ground nuclear blasts to 150 kilotons.
SEPT. 22, 1989
controls on the export of chemicals to
cause it may help resolve the dispute
Agreement in this area is significant
between Moscow and the West over the
because the United States has said it
Pg. 10
nations that will not agree to a ban.
Soviet officials reportedly indicated
size of the Soviet stockpile.
will not ratify the 1974 agreement until
Norway Mistakenly Exports
that they were taking the American
While the proposal for reductions in
verification is improved. After the
the American and Soviet chemical ar-
treaty is ratified, the two sides have
Barred Computers to Soviets
proposal under advisement. Moscow
pledged to negotiate further limitations
has been very receptive to many re-
senals has not been made public, the
on Duclear testing, but it is not clear
cent American arms control initia-
Bush Administration has mounted a
what such limits would be.
OSLO, Sept. 21 (Reuters) Norway
tives.
public relations campaign to draw at-
Verification Measures
broke Western export rules by mistak-
The Administration's new chemical
tention to its chemical weapons efforts.
enly sending high-tech computers to
initiative follows the signing here on
Secretary of State James A. Baker
the Soviet Union, believing it was flying
Saturday of an American-Soviet under-
3d said here on Saturday that Presi-
The two sides agreed to try out veri-
supplies to a Red Cross hospital in
dent Bush planned to offer "a new initi-
fication measures for a new strategic
Armenia, Norwegian customs oficials
standing that provides for early inspec-
ative at the United Nations on Monday
arms treaty before an accord is com-
said today.
Ronald Reagan once envisioned-a
that will move the world closer to a ban
pleted. That understanding is notewor-
There were 27 packages of computer
thy because the Bush Administration
equipment involved, and 18 have al-
global umbrella against nuclear at-
on chemical weapons." Mr. Baker pro-
vided no details.
has argued that such trial inspections
ready been returned by the Norwegian-
tack-have been sharply scaled
could speed the completion of a treaty
built Red Cross hospital. The rest will
back by Reagan and Bush. "The
The national security adviser, Brent
and help its prospects for Senate ap-
follow, the officials said.
Scowcroft, and Defense Secretary Dick
proval.
The computers, which were meant to
original notion as expressed by
Cheney said in television interviews to-
The two sides, however, do not agree
have been shipped to an American pro-
President Reagan in 1983 had al-
day that Mr. Bush planned a major
on what specific monitoring measures
ducer, got mixed up with the Red Cross
ready been amended significantly"
initiative on chemical weapons. Admin-
should be carried out.
shipment of washing powder and medi-
when Bush took office, he said.
istration officials said the details of
Strategic Exercises
cines in an Oslo airport storeroom.
Scowcroft, Baker and other of-
that initiative were being withheld to
ficials added, however, that major
provide an element of surprise in Mr.
PACT
hurdles to achieving a strategic
Bush's United Nations address.
The two sides agreed to notify each
other of major strategic exercises in-
from Pg. 1
arms accord still remain-including
Under the new initiative, the United
volving flights of bombers. This is in-
States and the Soviet Union would
mittee Chairman Les Aspin (D-
the difficult issue of air- and sea-
tended as a confidence-building exer-
agree to cut their arsenals of poison
Wis.) cautioned that the Soviet offer
cise to reduce the risk of misunder-
launched cruise missiles.
gas to a level that is far below the
standing and accidental war.
was a "very, very clever move" in
Scowcroft also said Bush is open
stocks on hand in the United States,
which Moscow has changed the
to negotiations with Congress over
American officials said. The United
'Open Skies'
"form of what they're asking, but
States is believed to have about 30,000
additional aid to Poland, which was
tons of chemical weapons, and one
not the substance" of its opposition
recently approved by the Senate
The Soviet Union agreed in principle
American official said such reductions
to President Bush's suggestion that
to SDI.
Foreign Relations Committee.
would require cuts in the American ar-
countries should allow surveillance
Aspin said that by agreeing to
Also today, Baker said that
senal of more than 75 percent.
flights over their territory. Under the
remove the link between the two
Shevardnadze had told him that the
The Soviet Union has a greater ar-
American approach, countries would
Soviet leadership has explicitly de-
senal of chemical weapons and would
issues, the administration would
allow observers from other nations to
have to make greater reductions under
lose any leverage it might have to
cided against the use of force to
fly anywhere over their territory that
the American proposal. The Soviet
air safety considerations would permit.
use SDI as a bargaining chip in the
crack down on internal unrest.
Union says it has 50,000 tons of chemi-
The number of flights allowed would be
talks OR reducing offensive weap-
There has been speculation that
cal weapons. Western nations say Mos-
in relation to the size of the country to
ons. "We could ask the Soviets to
further strikes and demonstrations
cow may have more than 300,000 tons.
be observed. Details of the plan have
among the nationalities could lead
Congress has passed legislation re-
give something up like all SS-18
yet to be worked out among NATO and
quiring the Administration to destroy
to a sharp crackdown, but Baker
Warsaw Pact nations.
[missiles] or whatever else we
old chemical weapons by 1997 as more
want" in exchange for limits on SDI.
said Shevardnadze "specifically re-
advanced chemical weapons are field-
ed. It was not clear to what extent
Human Rights
"The difficulty with the situation
jected the use of force as not being
now is-they delink it
but
a feasible alternative."
President Bush's new proposal was
making a virtue of that necessity.
The United States noted that it had
we're not getting anything for it on
Bush today waded into the frigid
In recent months, there have been
made some progress but many cases
the offensive cuts."
Atlantic Ocean, trying in vain to land
disagreements within the Bush Admin-
remained unresolved. Of the 54 cases in
National security adviser Brent
a bluefish, and he worked on final
istration about what approach to take
which the United States suspect pris-
Scowcroft told reporters here the
drafts of his planned speech to the
on chemical weapons.
oners are being held on political
Soviet offer was motivated by "an
U.N. General Assembly on Monday,
The Joint Chiefs of Staff have report-
grounds, the Soviet Union has released
in which aides said he would offer a
edly argued that the United States
12 and freed 20 pending trial. On an-
increased interest" in achieving a
should pursue an agreement with the
other matter, the two sides announced
strategic arms accord. "They no
new initiative to limit the spread of
Soviets on reducing chemical weapons
that they had agreed on conditions
longer have the leverage they
chemical weapons. The United
stocks as an alternative to completing
under which disputes could be taken to
States and the Soviet Union reached
a global ban. Some Pentagon officials
the International Court of Justice in the
thought they had" in trying to halt
say a chemical-weapons ban cannot be
Hague.
SDI, he said.
some bilateral understandings on
limiting chemical weapons in the
effectively verified and favor an agree-
Regional Issues
Scowcroft, interviewed on NBC
ment on reductions because it would
Baker-Shevardnadze meetings, but
News's "Meet the Press," acknowl-
allow the United States to keep a small
officials have said the challenge is to
supply of poison gas.
Mr. Baker said in his press confer-
edged that another factor in the So-
persuade Third World nations like
But State Department officials
ence on Saturday that Mr. Shevardna-
viet offer may be that the ambitious
Libya to adhere to restrictions on
argued that the United States could not
dze had told him that Moscow supports
plans for SDI that then-President
effectively dissuade third world na-
free elections in Nicaragua. Mr. Baker
chemical weapons.
tions from acquiring chemical weap-
also said that the Soviets had said that
YORK
TIMES
ons unless Washington demonstrated
"they are committed to do what they
NEW
SEPT.
23,
1989
Pg.
22
that the United States was willing to
can to stop the flow of weapons to the
A Correction
give up its chemical arsenal.
insurgency in El Salvador."
the Navy's Trident II missile pro-
Details of the accords released Sat-
Mr. Baker, however, reiterated con-
Because of an editing error, a letter
gram incorrectly identified the sub-
urday and today indicate that progress
cern about supplies of Cuban weapons
Sept. 16 from Adm. C.A. H. Trost on
was made in these other areas:
to Nicaragua and said that Washington
marine Tennessee as a battleship.
wanted Moscow to use its influence
EDITOR'S NOTE:
The letter referred
Nuclear Testing
with Cuba to halt such supplies.
The two sides also discussed Eastern
to was published in the CURRENT NEWS
Europe, Afghanistan and the Soviet
Early Bird, Sept. 18, 1989, Pg. 17
The two sides agreed in principle on
and American economies.
an approach for monitoring an unrati--
CURRENT NEWS ANALYSIS & RESEARCH SERVICE
CHIEF: Herbert J. Coleman (695-2884). DEPUTY CHIEF: Walter N. Lang (695-2985). CURRENT NEWS BRANCH: Jim Garamone, Chief
(697-8765). Taft Phoebus, Early Bird Editor. Pat Knappenberger, Assistant Early Bird Editor. Pat Darnell, Alice Boyd, Carol Woods, Staff
Editors. RESEARCH BRANCH: Ann Wood, Team Leader (695-6959). Frances Norton, Assistant Team Leader. Sandra Thorne, Denise
Brown, Writer-Editors. Joseph Bell, Archivist. ADMINISTRATION: Nora Lea Lynch (695-2884).
2
Bush as U.N.'s Host With the Most
By MAUREEN DOWD
General and he wants to involve the
In its budget for the 1990 fiscal year,
Special to The New York Times
Secretary General in more issues,"
the Bush Administration requested
, NNEBUNKPORT, Me. Sept. 24
said Brent Scowcroft, the President's
$228 million for the United Nations,
When George Bush was American rep-
national security adviser. Indeed, Mr.
$205.5 million of which is to meet the
resentive to the United Nations in the
Bush turned to Secretary General Ja-
full assessment for the new year and
early. 1970s, he gave so many cocktail
vier Pérez de Cuéllar during the hos-
$27.5 million of which is to help repay
parties and dinners at his Waldorf
tage crisis last month, asking if he
the millions withheld by Mr. Reagan.
Towers residence that he became
could help get Lieut. Col. William Hig-
Mr. Bush feels nostalgic about the or-
knowntas "Perle Mesta Bush."
gins's body returned.
ganization, his aides say, even though
The strain on his liver and compari-
"The President wants to turn to the
the most important event during his
sons towthe legendary Washington host-
U.N. as more and more issues develop
tenure there was a bruising defeat for
ess, he confided as he left the job in
in which the U.S. and the Soviet Union
the the United States and a personal be-
1972, was well worth the knowledge
trayal of sorts for Mr. Bush.
that rsympathetic understanding is a
It was Mr. Bush who led the fight to
very important part of the process of
stop the entry of China into the United
establishing a foreign policy.'
Nations and the expulsion of the Na-
The President who is scheduled to
tionalist Government on Taiwan. Al-
speak at Monday's opening of the Gen-
though Washington lost, the Chinese
eral' Assembly is a politician whose ap-
press said that Mr. Bush's floor debat-
proa to world affairs was shaped by
ing style had been so frenetic that it
his the at the United Nations.
resembled "ants on a hot pan."
Enhanced Role for U.N.
Mr. Bush bitterly noted in his autobi-
ography, "Looking Forward," that
Although he left that job frustrated
and dirgusted, feeling that the United
while he was urging nations to stick by
Taiwan, President Richard M. Nixon
Nations had failed to live up to its
and his national security adviser,
potential as a positive force for peace,
are not on opposite sides," Mr. Scow-
he returns feeling that conditions are
croft said, "He wants to use the U.N. as
Henry A. Kissinger, were making their
now Invorable to improve the reputa-
a real arbiter."
first overtures toward Beijing.
tion' of the world organization and to
Mr. Bush feels that if the Soviets
During his tenure as United Nations
have* R play an enhanced role as a
have really changed their attitude to-
representative, Mr. Bush recognized
medicior in international disputes.
ward the United Nations, and plan no
the value of informal contacts. He once
Which he was the delegate, he ob-
more rhetorical or real shoe-banging
took a couple of dozen fellow ambassa-
served that "the U.N. is like a ball club
sessions, then the organization could be
dors to a night game at Shea Stadium
used more "as a responsible instru-
to see the Mets play.
- a high-potential club that hasn't won
ment that can be more helpful on the
Mr. Bush also learned the value of
as many as it should."
Now Mr. Bush feels that there is a
major issues," as one adviser puts it.
looking at a problem from someone
else's point of view.
chance now to get the world's ball club
Dues Withheld Under Reagan
out of the cellar. He will tell the dele-
"A lot of his understanding of differ-
Mr. Bush's aides say that, while he
ent people's perspectives and of the
gates today that, with the world chang-
understands the organization's flaws
value of direct and personal communi-
ing at a breathtaking speed and with
and limitations, he wants to have "a
cation comes from his being in the mid-
the Seviet Union and the United States
more positive attitude" about it than
dle of that environment, of being with
no longer on the opposite side of every
did Ronald Reagan. The Reagan Ad-
people from all over the world," Mr.
issue, he wants the United Nations to
ministration withheld payment of the
Scowcroft said. "He doesn't automati-
turn from peacekeeping mission to a
United States' dues in 1987 and 1988 be-
cally think that everybody will look at
peacomaking one.
cause it disapproved of some of the or-
events or issues the way Americans
'He is very fond of the Secretary
ganization's administrative practices.
do."
NEW YORK TIMES, 9/25/89, p. A-10
Chase Manhattan Bank and J.P.
aon
LIMITS
LIFE
By JONATHAN FUERBRINGER
Morgan & Company to increase their
determine your choice."
reserves dramatically has raised
Mr. Theobald said his bank, which
Special to The New York Times
some doubts about the effectiveness
has a 50 percent reserve against
WASHINGTON, Sept. 24 - Mexi-
of the Bush Administration's debt
losses on third world loans, would
co's chief debt negotiator said during
strategy, which puts new emphasis
probably choose some debt reduction
the weekend that the move by three
on reducing debt but also depends on
and participate in new loans. He said
large American banks to increase
new lending.
that he thought that J.P. Morgan's
their cushion against bad third world
Some bankers and analysts have
move to a 100 percent reserve was ex-
loans could make it more difficult for
said that with the larger reserves,
cessive. Chase increased its reserve
some nations to get new loans.
more banks were likely to accept debt
to 46 percent, and Manufacturers
The negotiator, José Angel Gurría,
reduction and, at the same time, de-
Hanover to 36 percent.
a deputy finance minister, suggested
cide not to make new loans. The
But as to lending in the future, Mr.
that the increase in reserves would
banks' stronger financial position
Theobald said, "The critical fact has
mean more flexibility for the banks to
would also make it easier for them to
been, and will always be, the per-
pursue their own policies.
resist pressure from the Bush Admin-
formance of the country itself."
The result, he said, could be that
istration to provide new money.
new loans to countries like Mexico,
The finance ministers and bankers
Deutsche Bank's View
Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela will
here who are participating in the an-
Asked about the future of new lend-
depend much more on how well their
nual meeting of the International
ing, Hilmar Kopper, the managing di-
economies are growing and being.
Monetary Fund and the World Bank
rector of Deutsche Bank A.G. of
managed, which means some coun-
differed over the effects of the move.
Frankfurt, said: "That remains to be
tries could have trouble getting new
Among the bankers, those who
seen. That will depend on the eco-
loans.
have already decided to take debt re-
nomic development and the economic
"After this, they can choose to do
duction in the Mexican deal tended to
restructuring. No one should expect
new-money deals on the basis of the
think that the move would hurt new
private bankers to throw good money
merits of each deal," Mr. Gurría said
lending, while those considering new
after bad."
of the banks in an interview late Sat-
loans did not. But they all emphasized
urday night. He is one of the first sen-
Under the debt plan, the banks
the importance of the economic
ior officials of a large debtor nation to
must choose between accepting a 35
health of the developing-nations as a
percent cut in the value of existing
comment on the effect of the reserve
factor in deciding on new loans.
loans or making new loans. Mr.
move.
Brady Sees New Lending
Gurría said he thought that most of
But Mr. Gurría said the move,
Treasury Secretary Nicholas F.
the banks had made up their minds
which other banks are expected to fot-
Brady, for whom the debt strategy is
on new lending to Mexico before the
low, was a positive step that should
reserve increases were announced.
help debt-reduction efforts in other
named, said the move by the banks
should not hurt new lending. He made
"Banks do new money because
countries. He added that he did not
his comments in a briefing on Satur-
they have a longer-term view of
expect the reserve decisions to de-
day night, after a meeting of the
things, not because of their re-
crease the new money that would be
lent to Mexico under a $54 billion debt
Group of Seven, which is made up of
serves," he said.
the United States, Japan, West Ger-
agreement reached in July.
many, Britain, France, Italy and
Mr. Gurria contended that setting
Canada.
aside the larger reserves, although it
But he seemed to agree with Mr.
forced the banks to take losses, would
Gurría when he indicated that the
make them healthier financially in
banks' lending decisions would de-
the long run. They also would be bet-
pend upon the economic outlook for a
ter able to help developing countries
particular country.
that were performing well, he added.
If a country has a bright future, he
The decisions by the Manufactur-
said, "banks will want to be a partici-
pant in that."
The increased reserves, Mr. Brady
added, "will put those banks in a posi-
tion to do whatever they want."
A senior Treasury official pointed
out on Friday that until the Brady
plan began this year, commercial
banks had made almost no new net
loans to developing countries over the
last several years. Some banks, he
said, made loans to countries so they
could pay interest on existing loans.
Thomas C. Theobald, the chairman
of the Continental Illinois Corporation
in Chicago, the parent of the Conti-
nental Bank, said: "I don't think it
means anything for new lending. I
NEW YORK TIMES, 9/25/89, p. D-1
-1-
Bush Urges
Chemical
Arms Cuts
gives us confidence to go forward
By David Hoffman
Superpowers Can
with the ban."
Washington Post Staff Writer
In the past, the United States has
UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 25-
President Bush proposed today that
Set Global Example,
expressed doubt about whether a
chemical weapons ban could be ver-
the United States and the Soviet
U.N. Assembly Told
ified. Officials said Bush's proposal
Union cut their chemical weapon
relied chiefly on what Secretary of
arsenals by at least 80 percent in an
State James A. Baker III described
effort to persuade other nations to
as the "force of public opinion" to
do the same.
persuade other countries to give up
In his first address to the U.N.
chemical arms.
General Assembly as president,
"The Bush proposal really attacks
Bush said "the world has lived too
the proliferation problem by making
long in the shadow of chemical war-
it impossible for these countries to
fare" and added: "Let us act togeth-
argue that major countries have
er-beginning today-to rid the
them and are just dragging their
Earth of this scourge."
feet in chemical weapons negotia-
In his speech calling for the re-
tions," Baker said. Baker, who
ductions, Bush did not mention that
presented the Bush proposal to So-
he is under a congressional mandate
viet Foreign Minister Eduard
to eliminate at least 90 percent of
Shevardnadze over the weekend,
the older U.S. chemical weapon
refused to predict what the Soviet
stocks by 1997. This was a condi-
response will be to the offer. To-
tion of congressional approval for
night, Shevardnadze, passing
modernizing the U.S. arsenal by
through a reception line, told Bush
building new binary weapons in
and Baker, "We have some news
which two ingredients are combined
from Moscow." Baker replied that
at the time of use, making them
he and Shevardnadze should meet
relatively safer in storage. [Details,
again this week to talk.
Page A10.]
National security adviser Brent
White House officials said Bush
Scowcroft said Bush would support
also has ordered more intensive
sanctions against nations that defy
efforts to improve techniques for
international control of chemical
monitoring and verification of
weapon stocks.
chemical weapon stockpiles around
"For the sake of mankind, we
must halt and reverse this threat,"
the world.
But Bush did not offer any spe-
Bush said, noting that 20 nations
cific new solutions today to the vex-
now possess chemical weapons or
ing problem of proliferation of
the ability to produce them. "And
these horrible weapons are now
chemical weapons into such nations
as Libya and Iraq, which have re-
finding their way into regional con-
flicts. This is simply unacceptable."
jected international control efforts.
Bush said his initiative would
"We know that monitoring a total
move toward a treaty to eliminate all
ban on chemical weapons will be a
chemical weapons from the Earth
challenge," Bush said. "But the
"10 years from the day it is signed."
knowledge we've gained from our
The new thrust of Bush's proposal
recent arms control experience-
to
he
his
and our accelerated research in this
area-makes me believe we can
achieve the level of verification that
WASHINGTON POST, 9126/89, p. A-1
PAGE ONE OF TWO
-2-
Bush, in U.N. Speech, Urges Deep Cuts
Of Chemical Weapons by Superpowers
bilateral U.S.-Soviet reductions of
to "get Third World [support] at all"
chemical weapon stocks even before
for control of chemical weapons.
completion of an international treaty
Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), a
by the 40-nation Conference on Dis-
member of the Armed Services pan-
armament in Geneva. Last weekend,
el, also hailed Bush's proposal as a "a
Baker and Shevardnadze reached
good move
a bold stroke." But he
agreement in Wyoming on verifica-
warned that verification problems
tion measures and data exchanges,
"cannot be underestimated" and said
including on-site inspections, on
an 80 percent cut "still leaves a lot of
chemical weapons. Bush's proposal
chemical weapons."
today would move a step beyond this
Shevardnadze welcomed the
to an agreement to make deep cuts
Bush proposal, on which the Soviets
in the two nations' arsenals.
were given extensive details over
Bush suggested that the United
the weekend. "We have a positive
States and Soviet Union cut their
view of these proposals," he said.
existing arsenals to equal, interim
Bush also said that the United
levels. He proposed this be 20 per-
States is prepared to destroy 98 per-
cent of the current U.S. level. Be-
cent of its current chemical weapon
cause the Soviet arsenal is larger,
stockpile within eight years after the
the Soviets would "have to destroy
Geneva conference approves a treaty
a great deal more" weapons than
banning such weapons-if the Soviet
the United States would to reach
Union signs the agreement. The re-
equal levels, Scowcroft said.
maining 2 percent would be de-
The United States has never ac-
stroyed only after all nations that
knowledged the size of its chemical
have chemical weapons agree to ban
weapon stockpile, but outside spe-
them, Bush said.
cialists have estimated it to be about
Scowcroft said the related issue
30,000 tons of chemical agents. The
of biological weapons was not cov-
Soviets have said their arsenal is no
ered by today's proposals.
more than 50,000 tons, but U.S. of-
Bush made outlawing chemical
ficials have expressed skepticism,
weapons a theme of his 1988 cam-
suggesting the estimate may be far
paign, and many of his advisers felt
too low.
the topic had languished in the Rea-
Lee Feinstein, senior research
gan years in part because the White
analyst at the Arms Control Asso-
House was more focused on nuclear
ciation, called the Bush proposal "a
arms issues.
step forward," noting that "it makes
Bush, who served as ambassador
bilateral a weapons cut-most or all
here in 1971-72, reveled in some-
of which we had been required to do
thing of a homecoming today, lin-
unilaterally" by Congress.
gering to greet old friends after his
Senate Armed Services Commit-
speech and speaking to workers at
tee Chairman Sam Nunn (D-Ga.)
the U.S. mission. Bush was re-
described Bush's proposal as a
ceived with applause for his com-
"good move," especially in light of
ments on chemical weapons and a
the requirement for unilateral U.S.
reference to the summit with Soviet
reductions. "When you do what you
President Mikhail Gorbachev that
have to do by law
anything
you
Bush has agreed to hold next year.
get the Soviets to do is a plus,"
Nunn said. Moreover, he said, a
Staff writer Helen Dewar
is
necessary
contributed to this report.
PAGE TWO OF TWO
The Washington Post
The New York Times
Will do it immediately
The Washington Times
AI
The Wall Street Journal
if the Kremlin 'joins us'
The Christian Science Monitor
New York Daily News
USA Today
The Chicago Tribune
By Paul Bedard
THE WASHINGTON TIMES
Date
26 SEPT 1989
NEW YORK - President Bush,
"For the sake of mankind, we must
saying chemical weapons must be
halt and reverse this trend."
eliminated "for the sake of man-
Mr. Bush also pressed the dele-
Mr. Bush's proposal comes just
days after Mr. Shevardnadze and
kind," challenged the Soviet Union
gates to encourage democracy. He
Secretary of State James A. Baker
yesterday to join the United States in
called dictatorships "out of step with
III signed agreements that call on
an immediate, drastic reduction in
the steady advance of freedom."
chemical arsenals.
And in an impassioned plea, he
both superpowers to exchange data
Addressing the opening meeting
called on the Moslem terrorists re-
on chemical weapons and verify the
other's experiments.
of the 44th session of the United Na-
sponsible for killing Marine Lt. Col.
William Richard Higgins, captured
"This reflects an effort by the
tions, Mr. Bush said the United
while on duty with a U.N. peace-
United States and the Soviet Union
States will begin an 80 percent re-
duction while a treaty is being
keeping force and apparently
to facilitate a comprehensive, ef-
hanged, to return his body.
fective verifiable and truly global
worked out - "if the Soviet Union
joins us in cutting chemical weapons
While Mr. Bush's presentation
ban on chemical weapons," a joint
statement said.
to an equal level
was unspectacular in nature, it was
The 80 percent proposal, aides
the first time the administration has
The United States has some 30,000
claimed that a chemical weapons
tons of chemical weapons, according
said, is aimed at speeding up stalled
ban can be mutually verified.
to reports, with the vast majority be-
talks in Geneva on a global chem-
ing single-agent chemical arms.
icals arms ban. The Soviets, with a
"We know that monitoring a total
Congress has mandated destruction
larger stockpile of chemical weap-
ban on chemical weapons will be a
challenge," he said. "But the knowl-
of some of those weapons - many in
ons, would have to cut by more than
edge we've gained from our recent
place in Europe and the United
80 percent to reach the promised
arms-control experience - and our
States is be ginning production of
U.S. level.
Mr. Bush also repeated U.S. com-
accelerated research in this area -
new "binal V" weapons such as the
mitments to eliminate all chemical
gives us confidence to go forward
Bigeye artillery shell. Those weap-
weapons after a treaty ban is agreed
with the ban."
ons mix safe chemicals together
to by the 20 nations - including the
National Security Adviser Brent
during an attack to create a deadly
Soviet Union - that have or are
Scowcroft admitted it would be dif-
mixture.
ficult to win support for a ban from
Mr. Scowcroft said the initial cut
thought to have the deadly arms.
nations with chemical weapons -
proposed by Mr. Bush would target
Under a twofold approach, the
president's proposal would:
such as Libya and Iraq. "Of course
only non-binary chemical weapons.
it's going to be difficult, but we think
He added that the proposal does not
Promote a quick cut by the
United States and the Soviet Union
there's a chance to make it effective,"
cover biological weapons.
he said of a verifiable treaty.
Mr. Scowcroft said the chemical
to 20 percent of current chemical
Mr. Bush has advocated a ban on
weapon ban proposal was delivered
weapons stockpiles after the two na-
tions agree on verification.
chemical weapons for years but crit-
to the Soviets by Mr. Baker during
Call for a further reduction to 98
ics of such a move argue that a ban
weekend diplomatic meeting in Wy-
cannot be verified. The reason: Two
oming. While he said the Soviets
percent of superpower chemical
chemicals made for peaceful pur-
haven't yet reacted to the plan, Mr.
weapons after other nations follow
poses can be mixed at a minute's no-
Bush told U.N. delegates that think
the U.S.-Soviet lead and agree to an
eventual ban, including verification
tice to create a deadly gas.
they will" join in a ban.
"Verification is complicated by
On other points, Mr. Bush in his
measures.
Eliminate all chemical weapons
the ability of ordinary chemical and
speech to the General Assembly:
10 years after a global treaty ban is
amaceutical plants to produce
Told poor nations to take heart in
signed by the 40 nations now negoti-
chemical agents [and] uncertainties
the so-called Brady plan that the ad-
as to the size and composition of cur-
ministration is drawing up to relieve
ating a pact in Geneva.
Third World debt.
"The world has lived too long in
rent stocks," the Arms Control Asso-
the shadow of chemical warfare. Let
ciation said in a newly released re-
Urged everyone to stop polluting
air and water.
us act together, beginning today, to
port.
Praised Mr. Shevardnadze and
rid the earth of this scourge," Mr.
The association's chemical weap-
ons expert, Lee Feinstein, said it was
arms control initiatives approved in
Bush said to applause - but not
Wyoming.
from the Soviet delegation led by
"positive" that Mr. Bush believes a
Foreign Minister Eduard Shevard-
treaty can be verified.
Mr. Baker told reporters that a
nadze.
He also described as encouraging
multilateral chemical weapons ban
Mr. Bush's partial "de-linking" of an
would include sanctions on nations
U.N. delegates from Iraq, accused
agreement with the Soviets on an
that don't abide by a pact. "Certainly
of using chemical battlefield weap-
immediate cut in chemical weapons
we would consider economic sanc-
ons against Iran, applauded Mr.
tions," Mr. Baker said.
Bush's initiative.
with a multilateral ban. "That may
A Soviet official said Moscow had
speed progress," he said.
a "positive" view of Mr. Bush's
Mr. Scowcroft said, "If the Soviets
chemical arms plan.
are prepared to join us in this bi-
Mr. Bush said that more than 20
lateral destruction, it not only would
nations have chemical weapons.
significantly reduce the threat we
face, but give a spur to the multilat-
Page
7.
eral convention."
THE WASHINGTON POST
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1989 D3
Personalities
By Chuck Conconi
Washington Post Staff Writer
They try so hard over at U.S. News &
World Report with all these new lists and
charts and graphs, but sometimes they try
too hard. In last week's issue of the maga-
zine, there was a listing of what various jobs
pay around the country, but the map of
Tennessee was upside down and backward
and Sen. Al Gore was quick to notice the
slight to the home state.
In a humorous protest letter to U.S. News
Editor in Chief Mort Zuckerman, Gore point-
ed out the magazine's error, explaining that
though no one might notice if one flipped
Wyoming or Colorado, that isn't SO when
Tennessee is turned inside out. "I hope the
magazine didn't mean to move Memphis,"
Gore wrote. "As you know, every Federal
Express package in the country must first
pass through Memphis. Put the city in the
wrong place and the entire U.S. economy
SEN. AL GORE
BILLY JOEL
would fall apart. Memphians are glad to see
Memphis as the city of the future. But the
"closed for private party" sign and personally
managed Joel's millions for nine years until
birthplace of the blues is doing just fine
stood guard while the Stones had a light
he was fired in late August. "It's not atypical
where it is."
supper of soup and salad, Saratoga water and
in this industry that a manager has such
a little wine
control over an artist," Joel's lawyer, Leon-
Out and About
This seems to be becoming a rock column.
ard Marks, said yesterday. "He used Joel as
Members of the Republican National Com-
his private bank."
More Sting sightings. On Sunday night,
mittee had some help getting tickets to the
the star of the "3 Penny Opera" and six
Hospital Report: Singer Pat Boone is listed
Stones concert because chairman Lee Atwa-
others from the cast dropped by the 9:30
in good condition at UCLA Medical Center
ter, one is reminded, is a pal of Stones
club on F Street, where he first performed in
guitarist Ron Wood. The two played together
where he is recovering from a broken jaw he
1978, when he was lead singer with Police.
at the inauguration and Wood gave Atwater
suffered in an accident. The wheel of the
The rock spot was then called Atlantis Club.
his guitar. The RNC was able to purchase a
bicycle he was riding caught in a metal
Sting was there to see Chris Difford and Glen
block of tickets, so all those square-looking
grating near his home in Beverly Hills and he
Tilbrook of Squeeze, and during the encore
people who didn't look like they belonged
was thrown over the handlebars
he joined them on stage to sing "Tempted,"
probably were from the RNC. Atwater said
That George Bush is a funny guy. He and
the group's big hit.
he went backstage Sunday night and talked
national security adviser Brent Scowcroft
This is not to be seen as a rock sightings
rhythm and blues, and when he said how
were playing golf Sunday at the Cape Arun-
column, but it was that kind of weekend. The
much he admired Otis Redding, the group
del Golf Course in Kennebunkport. Scowcroft
Rolling Stones' stretch limo dropped by the
broke into "a note perfect" rendition of Redd-
teed off and his golf ball exploded into a cloud
Old Ebbitt Grill after their Sunday night show
ing's "These Arms of Mine."
of white dust. The president roared with
at the RFK Stadium, but the patrons became
Where does all this rock stuff come from?
laughter because he had had the club pro
so excited it didn't look as though the rockers
In what could be a landmark case in the
plant an exploding chalk ball on Scowcroft's
would get a chance to eat. Kevin McCarthy,
entertainment industry, singer/songwriter
tee. Bush explained he wanted Scowcroft to
the Old Ebbitt manager, accustomed to feed-
Billy Joel slapped a $90 million lawsuit on
lighten up after an appearance on NBC. "He
ing big stars from the National Theatre,
former manager/ex-brother-in-law Frank
had to be on 'Meet the Press'-all that
moved Mick Jagger and the group to the
Weber yesterday. The suit, filed in New York
serious stuff, and here he is," Bush said. Can
Oyster Bar in back of the restaurant, put up a
State Supreme Court, alleges Weber mis-
whoopee cushions be far behind?
Bush Offers to Slash Chemical Weapons
The Washington Post
The New York Times
The Washington Times
By 80% if Soviets Accept Cap on Total
The Wall Street Journal
A-28
The Christian Science Monitor
By MICHEL MCQUEEN
New York Daily News
Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
NEW President Bush offered to
The president's proposed cut in U.S.
USA Today
cut U.S. stockpiles of chemical weapons
and Soviet chemical-weapon stocks would
The Chicago Tribune
80% if the Soviets reduce their larger
come even before a multilateral treaty to
stocks to an equal level and if the two
end production of chemical weapons is
Date
nations can agree on means to verify com-
signed. Mr. Bush also offered to eliminate
26 Sept 89
pliance with such an accord.
all but 2% of such weapons within eight
Mr. Bush's initiative. delivered in his
years of the signing of such a treaty. And
first address as president to the United Na-
he said the U.S. would eliminate the re-
Although Mr. Bush was a former U.S.
tions. was intended to give momentum to
maining stocks in the next two years, but
representative to the U.N. in the 1970s. his
long-running efforts by 40 nations to sign a
only if all nations capable of producing
reception by the General Assembly was
treaty to ban production of chemical
them-including such intransigent coun-
tepid. The 40-minute speech was inter-
weapons over a 10-year period. The effort
tries as Libya-agree to a ban.
rupted only twice by applause. But he and
also was meant in part to answer Mr.
The White House said 20 nations cur-
Mrs. Bush, as well as Secretary Baker,
Bush's critics. both domestic and foreign,
rently are capable of producing the
were greeted warmly by the delegates be-
who say he has been too timid in respond-
weapons. The initiative doesn't include bio-
fore the speech.
ing to changing international develop-
logical weapons. Gen. Scowcroft said.
Robert S. Greenberger contributed to
ments-particularly to diplomatic initia-
Although the U.S. refuses to disclose the
this article.
tives by the Soviets.
exact level of its chemical-weapon stocks,
many experts believe the U.S. inventory
Although administration officials touted
totals 30,000 tons. The Soviets claim to
the initiative as a bold move, U.S. law al-
have 50,000 tons of chemical weapons, but
ready requires a substantial cut in chemi-
U.S: experts believe the number could be
cal-weapons stocks by 1997. As part of a
as high as 300,000 tons.
compromise that allowed the Reagan ad-
U.S. officials admitted that the diffi-
ministration to begin producing safer, so-
culty of precisely verifying current quanti-
called binary chemical weapons, Congress
ties of chemical weapons, or even which
insisted that the U.S. destroy all of its
nations possess them, has been a major ob-
older chemical-weapon stocks by that
year. Binary weapons consist of two sepa-
stacle in reaching the multilateral agree-
rate chemical agents that are harmless un-
ment. Gen. Scowcroft called the search for
til they mix after the shell is fired.
acceptable verification procedures a
Sen. Sam Nunn (D., Ga. ), chairman of
"daunting challenge."
the Senate Armed Services Committee, es-
The chemical weapons proposal was the
timated that the weapons already ear-
only new initiative in Mr. Bush's U.N.
marked for destruction roughly would
speech, which challenged the organization
amount to the 80% cuts Mr. Bush prom-
to confront the "global challenges of the
ised. "He is making a virtue out of neces-
21st century" economic growth
sity," said Sen. Nunn.
and environmental problems, drug traf-
ficking and terrorism. He specifically
'Positive View'
called on the U.N. General Assembly to
But Secretary of State James Baker
condemn the killing of U.S. Lt. Col. Wil-
said in a news conference that the presi-
liam Higgins, who was kidnapped and
dent's proposal could lead to a much
killed by a Shiite terrorist group while
quicker reduction in chemical-weapons
serving on a peacekeeping force in Leba-
stockpiles than the U.S. law requires. He
non.
also noted that the plan would prevent a
Praise for Free Economies
build-up in supplies of the newer weapons,
Mr. Bush also lauded what he called the
which he said could grow under the law to
ascendancy of freedom and market econo-
levels ''vastly greater" than current stock-
mies around the world, a theme he also
piles of the older ones.
sounded during his trip last summer to Po-
National Security Adviser Brent Scow-
land and Hungary.
croft said Soviet leaders had been apprised
Nevertheless. reflecting warming rela-
of the U.S. proposal in advance. Soviet
tions with the Soviet Union, the president
Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze
made only positive references to Moscow.
later said the Soviets have a "positive view
Referring to last weekend's meeting be-
of the proposal." At a meeting last week-
tween Messrs. Baker and Shevardnadze,
end in Wyoming, Messrs. Shevardnadze
Mr. Bush said, "I am very pleased by the
and Baker signed an agreement under
progress we made."
which the two nations will exchange infor-
Gen. Scowcroft said the new chemical-
mation about their stockpiles of chemical
weapon initiative was meant in part to
weapons and facilities for producing
take advantage of Moscow's cooperative
them.
attitude on arms-control issues. He noted,
for example, that the Soviets have already
offered to make far larger cuts than the
U.S. in conventional weapons.