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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: 2015-0017-S 2015-0017-S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files OA/ID Number: CF00300 Folder ID Number: CF00300-001 Folder Title: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: V 8 5 5 3 Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Doc. No. / Type Subject/Title Date Restriction Classification 01. Memorandum To: David Miller 7/3/89 (b)(1) S Re: Interagency Working Group Draft (1 pp.) 02. Memorandum To: Bernie From: EE Briggs 6/29/89 (b)(1) S Re: Inter-agency meeting (1 pp.) 03. Report Trip Report (2 pp.) 7/10/89 (b)(1) 04. Report Trip Report (2.pp.) 7/10/89 (b)(1) S 05. Memorandum To: Mr. Kozak From: EE Briggs 9/18/89 (b)(1) C Re: Request (1 pp.) Page 1 of 1 Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Pinksheet Number: MB8036 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 Date Closed: 11/6/2014 FOIA/Sys Case #: 2015-0017-S Re-review Case #: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 01. Memorandum To: David Miller 7/3/89 (b)(1) S Re: Interagency Working Group Draft (1 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Date Closed: 11/6/2014 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2015-0017-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRAJ agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile. Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 02. Memorandum To: Bernie From: EE Briggs 6/29/89 (b)(1) S Re: Inter-agency meeting (1 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Date Closed: 11/6/2014 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2015-0017-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 03. Report Trip Report (2 pp.) 7/10/89 (b)(1) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Date Closed: 11/6/2014 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2015-0017-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - 144 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion:of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM Removed as a personal record misfile Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 04. Report Trip Report (2 pp.) 7/10/89 (b)(1) S Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Date Closed: 11/6/2014 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2015-0017-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA] (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA) personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological.or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20508 17 de septiembre de 1989 Estimado Ing. Reynolds: Acuso recibo de sus muy interesantes cartas del mes en curso, en las cuales hace algunas sugeriencias acerca de como resolver el angustioso problema que representa la presencia prolongada en Panama de Noriega. He tomado la libertad de pasar copias de las mismas a otras partes interesadas aqui en Washington. Le ase- guro que la confidencialidad se mantendra. Con la expresion de mi mayor consideracion, Everett COEP Briggs NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 August 29, 1989 Dear Colonel De Paulo: Thank you for your letter of August 4 inviting me to speak to your Command and General Staff Officer Course on October 19, 1989. Your letter was forwarded to me in Washington where I am now the Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Latin America at the National Security Council. Unfortunately, my schedule precludes me from accepting your kind invitation. However, if you want someone from Honduras to speak, you may want to consider Mr. John Penfold, Charge d'Affaires, a.i., at our Embassy there. The address is: American Embassy Honduras, APO Miami 34022. Sincerely, Everett Ellis Briggs Colonel William A. DePaulo, Jr. Department of the Army Headquarters U.S. Army School of the Americas Fort Benning, Georgia 31905-6245 bcc: Mr. John Penfold w/letter PRESTMENT OF DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY HEADQUARTERS US ARMY SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS FORT BENNING, GEORGIA 31905-6245 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA August 4, 1989 Honorable Everett Ellis Briggs American Embassy Avenida La Paz Tegucigalpa, Republic of Honduras Dear Mr. Ambassador: On behalf of the staff and faculty of the United States Army School of the Americas, I invite you to speak to our Command and General Staff Officer Course on October 19, 1989. Your presentation will contribute greatly toward achieving our goal of making the School of the Americas a premier institution of military learning. Upon acceptance of this invitation, funding information for travel, subsistence and billeting will be provided. The point of contact at the School of the Americas is Major R. A. Rail, telephone (404) 545-1820. Sincerely, William William A. Q. DePalo, de Palo Jr. Colonel, U.S. Army Commanding UNCLASSIFIED CLASSIFICATION CIRCLE ONE BELOW MODE PAGES 4 IMMEDIATE SECURE FAX # DTG 181750Z PRIORITY ADMIN FAX # 252 RELEASER ROUTINE FROM/LOCATION 1. RPT RIVERA TO/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT 1. CAROL MORTON 2. TOR: 1818052 3. XD 4. 5. 6. 7. INFORMATION ADDEES/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT 1. 2. 2:31 180 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/REMARKS: UNCLASSIFIED CLASSIFICATION FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL HEADER SHEET COMMAND NAME/OFFICE SYMBOL TELEPHONE NUMBER AUTHORIZED RELEASER'S SIGNATURE FROM: SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS CPT Rivera AUTOVON FORT BENNING, GA ATZL-SA-PAO PAO 835- 1820 COMMERCIAL Inco n. Rodriguez 404-545- 1820 TO: Carol Mosston Rm 361 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 9-18-89 ; 12:49 DATE-TIME MONTH YEAR Wash DC 18-1250 Sep 89 CLASSIFICATION NO. PAGES PRECEDENCE REMARKS -- UNCLAS 4 PP PLEASE NOTIFY UPON RECEIPT SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS FACSIMILE TELEPHONE NUMBER IS AUTOVON 835-1827 COMMERCIAL 404-545-1827 VERIFY TELEPHONE NUMBER IS AUTOVON 835-4838 OR COMMERCIAL 404-545-4838 4045451827-202 395 5221 in SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 : 9-18-89 ; 12:49 ; 4045451827-202 395 5221 ;# 2 OF DEFENSE DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY HEADQUARTERS US ARMY SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS FORT BENNING, GEORGIA 31908-6245 1 OF April 26, 1989 Honorable Everett Ellis Briggs American Embassy Avenida La Paz Tegucigalpa, Republic of Honduras Dear Mr. Ambassador: nn hahalf of the staff and faculty of the United States Army School of the Americas, I invite you to speak to our Command and General Staff Officer Course. Your presentation can be accommo- dated at any time prior to the December 8, 1989 graduation of this year's class and will contribute greatly toward achieving our goal of making the School of the Americas a premier institution of military learning. Upon acceptance of this invitation, funding information for travel, subsistence and billeting will be provided. The point of contact at the School of the Americas is Major R. A. Rail, telephone (404) 545-1820. Sincerely, William William A. DePalo, Jr. Colonel, U.S. Army Commanding SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 : 9-18-89 : 12:50 ; 4045451827-202 395 5221 :# 3 Embassy of the United States of America Tegucigalpa, Honduras May 12, 1989 Col. William A. DePalo, Jr. Department of the Army Headquarters U.S. Army School of the Americas Fort Benning, Georgia 31905-6245 Dear Colonel DePalo: Thank you for your invitation to address the Command and General Staff Officer Course, At this moment I am unable to give you a definitive reply. While I should very much like to accept, I am in the process of departing my post as Ambassador to Honduras, and preparing to take up new duties as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Latin America at the National Security Council in Washington. Should you wish to pursue this, may I ask that you contact me later in the summer at the NSC, Room 361, Old Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20506 (telephone 202/395-3860). Sincerely, Ambassador Everett RESP Ellis Briggs\ SENT BY Xerox Telecopier 7021 : 9-18-89 : 12:51 : 4045451827-202 395 5221 ;# 4 Marled of OREGON DEL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY HEADQUARTERS US ARMY SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS FORT BENNING, GEORGIA 31905-6245 Aug 8, 89 3 ANITED August 4, 1989 Honorable Everett Ellis Briggs American Embassy Avenida La Paz Tegucigalpa, Republic of Honduras Dear Mr. Ambassador: On behalf of the staff and faculty of the United. States Army School of the Americas, I invite you to speak to our Command and General Staff Officer Course on October 19, 1989. Your presentation will contribute greatly toward achieving our goal of making the School of the Americas a premier institution of military learning. Upon acceptance of this invitation, funding information for travel, subsistence and billeting will be provided. The point of contact at the School of the Americas is Major R. A. Rail, telephone (404) 545-1820. Sincerely, William William A. a. DePalo, de Jr. Colonel, U.S. Army Commanding NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 18, 1989 H.E. Dr. Nicolas Ardito Barletta Panama City, Panama Dear Nicky: I too greatly enjoyed our long telephone conversation, and shall look forward to your next call. You are, as al- ways, a wise observer of the Panamanian scene. I am constrained to become personally involved in the matter you wrote me about on September 11. I did take the liberty of passing the question along to Mike Kozak at the State Department, expressing the hope that it could be handled expeditiously, but I am not in a position to recommend action, since that is someone else's responsibility. (Division of responsibility is more precisely marked now than perhaps was the case in yesteryear.) In any case, I trust it is resolved rapidly and that everyone is happy with the outcome. Should those with oper- ational responsibility chose to approach me, I shall be happy to respond to their inquiries, of course. This brings you and Maria Consuelo Sally's and my affectionate best wishes. Please stay in touch! Sincerely, Ted Everett Ellis Briggs Nicolás Ardito Barletta September 11, 1989 Ambassador Everett Ellis Briggs 3201 N. Albemarle St. Arlington, Va. 22207 Dear Ted: It was a great pleasure to say hello both to you and Sally again and to talk at lenghth (not as much as desired) about subjects of mutual interest. Things you told me were estimulating and I hope the information I gave you was useful. Next time I travel I will call you again, most likely between September 27-30. With this note I ask you a special favor. In relation to the bank purchase in Florida by the Kardonski family (second generation, that is Frank, Fred and Mark), the Office of the Comptroller of the State of Florida will request from the State Department information about the Kardonskis and directors of the purchased bank. I will be one of such directors. The bank being purchased is a first rate small bank, the Key Biscayne Bank. The State Department office receiving the request will be the Bureau of Diplomatic Security, Special Investigation Branch. If it is no problem to you, I will very much appreciate your giving the director of such Bureau references about the Kardonskis and myself. Frank Kardonski and/or myself could travel there to meet him at his earliest convenience. The present owner of the bank, Mr. Bebe Reboso, wishes to finish the transaction soon. All of us will appreciate your support. Panamá Republica de Panamá Sorry to inconvenience you with this, but you may be able to give credible information to the director of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security, as former Ambassador to Panama and given your relations at the State Department. Your kind help is greatly appreciated by all of us. Again I appreciated the opportunity of talking with you. I have no doubts we shall put Panama back where it belongs at the right time. With warmest personal regards to you and Sally from Maria Consuelo and myself. Sincerely yours, Mich Nicolas Ardito-Barletta NAB/mdea NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 19, 1989 His Excellency Ambassador Hector Luisi Embassy of Uruguay Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Ambassador: Thank you for your note informing me of your proximate departure and retirement. Although our personal acquaintance has been brief, I feel as if our friendship is decades long. You know of my deep affection for your country, and of my admiration for its accomplishments. You have been most considerate of this newcomer to the Washington scene of the late 1980s, and I have appreciated that. May success accompany you in your future endeavors. Sincerely, The Uruguayan Ambassador September 8th, 1989 Dear Mr. Ambassador, beg. 9/19 Following the application of the Statutory Age Limit Act, I shall be leaving my post as Ambassa- dor of Uruguay to the United States. Allow me to convey to you my heartfelt gra titude for all the help I received from you during my tenure of office in Washington. I now look forward for further opportunities to seeing you. Sincerely, Hector Luisi The Honorable Ambassador Everett Briggs National Security Council The White House Washington, D.C. Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet (George Bush Library) Document No. Subject/Title of Document Date Restriction Class. and Type 05. Memorandum To: Mr. Kozak From: EE Briggs 9/18/89 (b)(1) C Re: Request (1 pp.) Collection: Record Group: Bush Presidential Records Office: National Security Council Series: Latin American Affairs Directorate Files Subseries: Chronological Files WHORM Cat.: File Location: 1989 [Everett E. Briggs File] [1] Date Closed: 11/6/2014 OA/ID Number: CF00300-001 FOIA/SYS Case #: 2015-0017-S Appeal Case #: Re-review Case #: Appeal Disposition: P-2/P-5 Review Case #: Disposition Date: AR Case #: MR Case #: AR Disposition: MR Disposition: AR Disposition Date: MR Disposition Date: RESTRICTION CODES Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)] Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAJ (b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA] P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA] (b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA] agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA] P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or (b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA] financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA] (b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial P-5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President information [(b)(4) of the FOIA] and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA] (b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA] personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA] (b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA] C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of (b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of gift. financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA] (b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 14, 1989 Dear John: Many thanks for your nice note. I've sent the enclosure on towards its distinguido destinatario. In due course, I predict, you will receive an acknowledgement from higher up. It's good to hear from you again. Your address sounds restful! The NSC is not. I'm not sure that 14-hour days are everyone's cuppa tea With best wishes. Sincerely, Everett Ted Ellis Briggs The Honorable John Edwin Upston, Jr. Hidden Valley Farm Route 2, Box 164 Lovettsville, Virginia 22080 John Edwin Upston, Jr. Ambassador of the United States of America Retired August 30, 1989 The Honorable Everett Briggs National Security Council The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Ted: 9/5 Enclosed is a letter which I hope you will pass on to the President. I have missed you--thought of you--and am pleased for our Country that you are still in there pitching. I know it is a frustrating job, but Lord knows we need somebody of your considerable talents over there on Latin American and Caribbean affairs. Warmest regards, and I hope to see you soon. Sincerely, 90hn John E. Upston, Jr. U.S. Ambassador, Ret. Hidden Valley Farm Route 2, Box 164 Lovettsville, VA 22080 Telephone: 703-822-5831 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 11, 1989 Dear Miss Esposito: Thank you for your letter of August 22, just received. Since you wrote me I have moved from our embassy in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, to the National Security Council in Washington. I have been in the Foreign Service for 33 years. Since I entered, the exam process has evolved, but I believe the general principle is the same. To pass you need to have absorbed considerable information of a general sort (reading news magazines can't hurt), and to be able to think your way through some challenging analysis. You have to be able to handle the English language competently (for the written portion). For me it was the hardest exam I ever took, with the multiple choice section offering what seemed to be nothing but correct answers - the trick being to pick the most correct one. Everyone who takes it agrees: it leaves the candidate drained. As far as I know the only way to get into the Foreign service is through the competitive examination process, though at times special consideration has been given to minorities, so as to broaden the representativity of the Service. Special efforts have also been made to attract women and minorities. You should consult the Bureau of Examiners of the Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20520. There are other ways to serve your country in the foreign affairs field. The United States Information Agency (USIA) is responsible for promoting better understanding of our country overseas through information and cultural activities and programs, and through our embassies and consulates abroad maintains liaison with the local and international media (radio, TV and press). The Agency for International Development (AID) staffs our economic assistance missions that buttress our diplomatic efforts. We have extensive security assistance programs overseas, directed by the Department of Defense. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has an interest in what is going on abroad. Peace Corps Volunteers are present in many parts of the Third World. The Departments of Agriculture and Commerce have branches that are a part of the foreign affairs -2- community, as does Justice (through the Drug Enforcement Administration) and Treasury (Customs). The Department of Transportation (through the Coast Guard) also participates in our foreign affairs efforts. The list goes on Not all of these agencies have the same stringent entrance requirements as do the three agencies making up the traditional Foreign Service: State, AID and USIA. When I was ambassador to Panama (1982-86) I believe there were over 20 departments, agencies and activities for which I was responsible. There were fewer in Honduras (1986-89), but my embassy numbered some 1,350 people. In other words, there is a lot more to foreign affairs than what strictly is known as the diplomatic service. In the traditional Foreign Service, the activities range from economic affairs (macro-and micro-economics, trade, finance and banking), to political affairs (internal politics, international issues), to administrative work (personnel and resources management, security and communications), to consular affairs (travel, immigration, services to Americans abroad). The most difficult areas to get into tend to be economic and political work. The examination process takes this into account. As ambassador, my duties were to direct, oversee, and monitor all U.S. Government activities in the countries to which I was accredited: diplomatic, economic, commercial, political, security, intelligence, cultural relations - and whatever else we were engaged in. For example, in Honduras I was responsible for managing our relationship with the Nicaraguan Resistance. In Panama, besides the usual duties, I chaired a body responsible for ensuring the close coordination of our diplomatic relations, administration of the Canal, and our military presence. You mention the possibility of doing charitable work as a way of gaining credit for later entry into the foreign affairs field. This per se would not qualify a candidate, except that examiners are always interested in previous occupations, and such work would seem to indicate an interest in public service, a key element of what motivates most of us. I would suggest for your consideration looking into the Peace Corps. Many former Volunteers find they like working for their country abroad, and are later drawn to one of the branches of the Foreign Service. It is a ground-level introduction to what America is about, and -3- can also serve as a springboard to other sorts of jobs in the private sector. (In Honduras there are some 300 private voluntary organizations, many of which benefit from the participation of former Volunteers.) Good luck. I hope some of this may be helpful to you. Sincerely, Everett PREPIP Ellis Briggs Ms. Elizabeth Esposito 20 Deer Meadow Road Durham, New Hampshire 03824 August 22, 1989. Dear Mr Briggs My name is Elizabeth Esposito and I am a History/Political Science student at the University of New Hampshire. As I will be graduating in May, 1990 I have started researching about job opportunities through the Career Placement Office. Thus, it was through the Parent networking system that I learned of your career and address. I. thought by writing a letter to you would help me decide wether or not to pursue your career. I have always wanted to work in International Politics since I was fourteen years old. For a while, I thought the Foreign Service was the onle agency I could work for, due to this interest. However, after doing some extensive research about this service during my University years, and visiting Embassies in Bonn, East Berlin ,London and Warsaw, my goals were dampened by the extreme difficulty of getting into the Foreign Service. (Due to the Difficult written and oral recruitment exam). I would like you to explain to me how you prepared for this exam. Did you read Time Magazine word for word for one year? or did you take a Foreign Service Examination Prep course? What is the best way now a days to prepare for the Foreign Service Exam? Would you also please explain to me what sorts of duties you are responsible for? This would be very helpful in deciding wether to take a stab at the Foreign Service Exam or not. I have read alot about the Service, but still that isn't as good as actually working there. Hence, my reason for contacting you. I realise you might not be able to answer all my questions due to political confidentality. I thakyou for all you efforts anyways. Just a few more questions. Is there any way into the Foreign Service bypassing the Exam? (like doing charity ND work for some organization) ? How much would a Internship in the State Department be useful for preparation to take the Exam? How difficult is it to be selected for this program? Thankyou for all your time and help. Elisabeth Enposit NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 6, 1989 Dear Mr. Post: Thank you for your note of August 24. It is always a pleasure to hear from colleagues of my father. This administration has supported the Central American democracies in their effort to bring peace through democracy to Nicaragua. We support the establishment of secure and democratic conditions inside Nicaragua, so that the thousands of Nicaraguans who joined the Resistance or who became refugees abroad may return to their homes and resume normal lives. As you know, we are currently providing humanitarian assistance to 60,000 contras who sought sanctuary in Honduras when the Sandinistas refused to abide by their agreement with the Resistance -- reached at Sapoa -- to allow them to receive this assistance inside Nicaragua. We note that disarming and resettling these people, according to the Tela Accord, is to be voluntary -- i.e., have the support of the contras themselves. That support, in turn, will depend on the willingness of the Sandinistas, at long last, to abide by the promises they made to the OAS in 1979, repeated to the Contadora group, repeated in the Esquipulas II Agreement (Arias Plan), repeated at Alajuela (San Jose), and at Sapoa. That the Resistance may be somewhat skeptical of Sandinista intentions, after SO many promises, is understandable. Their skepticism has been fueled by verified reports -- including by Americas Watch and other independent observers -- of a program of systematic repression of the populace by the Sandinista Party's military units in areas loyal to the Resistance. (Remember that the contras moved freely over 75 percent of their country before the U.S. shut off lethal aid in February of last year.) Mr. Richard Howell Post K-206 Pennswood Village Newtown, Pennsylvania 18940 - 2 - The Sandinistas have made some tentative concessions to the internal opposition. A popular opposition candidate has now been chosen. We should all keep our fingers crossed about the election, and our eyes wide open. I see no reason true believers in the "ideals of law and self- government under law" (your felicitous words) should not measure the Sandinistas by the same standards as pertain in genuine democracies everywhere. In that regard, the Sandinista system (which combines State, Party and Army -- something most people would find an intolerable impediment to campaigning and electioneering) still has a long way to go. I'm enclosing a copy of Vice President Quayle's recent speech on this subject. I hope you' 11 enjoy it; and thanks again for your thoughtful letter. Sincerely, Everett CEEP Ellis Briggs Richard Howell Post K-206 Pennswood Village Newtown, PA 18940 (215) 860-7414 24 VIII 1989 The Honorable Everett Ellis Briggs national security Council Dear Mr. Bigge- Having worked with your father on The Foreign 1937-8-9 and served in three Laten American posts 1941-1946, then followed Central american developments dosely- - I am convinced that our policy should now be one of close collaboration with the OAS and UN, no longer of unilateralism. Elder statesmen at home and all around the world are relieved that the contras are in process of disarming. We must have faith in our own ideals of law and self-government under law. Aincerely. Richard H. Post american retired Foreign Service officer EMBAJADA DE EL SALVADOR Tegucigalpa, D. C., Honduras, C. A. Tegucigalpa, D. C., Junio 15 de 1989. Estricado Colega z amigo: El portador de la presente Embajador Miguel Angel Salave rría Alcaine es mi tío de quien te hablé. Además de los lazos familia- res, muy estrechos, me vinculan a su persona y su familia, la mayor admi ración por su integridad y dedicación al trabajo honrado y a los valores familiares y cívicos, que lamentablemente no son tan comunes en el hom- bre moderno. En estos días de crisis en que vivimos y que tú tan bien conoces y comprendes, el Gobierno de El Salvador y el pueblo salvadoreño no podrían estar mejor representados; y creo firmemente que su VOZ lleva rá siempre el sello de la verdad y de la honestidad. Le he transmitido a Miguel Angel, Tío Mike como le llamo con mayor confianza, mis conceptos sobre tu persona, así como de Sally y no dudo que él también sabrá encontrar en tí al franco amigo y al fino Político y Diplomático, cualidades éstas que en los que se manejan en la excelencia, como tú, necesariamente se confunden. Con la seguridad que el éxito te acompañará en tu nuevo cargo, me déspido con Patricia con un abrazo para tí y para Sally. Signa SALVADOR JOSE/ TRIGUEROS HIDALGO Embajador de El Salvador AL EXCELENTISIMO SEÑOR EMBAJADOR DON EVERETT ELLIS BRIGGS ASISTENTE ESPECIAL DEL PRESIDENTE PARA ASUNTOS LATINOAMERICANOS EN EL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE SEGURIDAD. WASHINGTON, D. C. NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 4 de restructive de 1989 Estriado Salvador. - Perdiname la lewora En contestar the distribuide to, Dan thile Salaverria. tn nota de hace, weres, presentando a the hand can una unita poco despres de que Uegana; 4 deide entonce 400 Gener into de ver a cuaudo. Como andan has ponbilidades le to harlado a la OF A ? Sale y yo nos extrations much de los aurigos in Tegragalpa, butie los cuales centamoz a moster frie mines colegal salvadorenes, a to 7 a Patucia Uu that alaye, Ted NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 7, 1989 Dear Ambassador Kintner: Thanks for your good letter, and for sending me a copy of Ed Corr's letter to you. (I try to stay in close touch with Ed. He is our top expert on Latin America, though not recognized as such by the current establishment.) Ed hits the nail on the head. Our policy was working, until the Voice of Central America called upon Congress to stop lethal aid to the Resistance. The final chapter would be to offer the Resistance a choice: "voluntarily" to demobilize in exchange for "volunteering" to continue eating. This must be avoided. It would be dishonorable. Since it did not get the attention it deserved, I wonder if you saw the Vice President's strong statement to the Veterans of Foreign Wars? I'll enclose a copy. With best wishes, Sincerely, Everett PEPP Ellis Briggs The Honorable William R. Kintner University of Pennsylvania Box 33 Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania 19009 linte sept 16 William R. Kintner Professor Emeritus Bux 165, RD#1 University of Pennsylvania UNION, w.Ve Box 33, Bryn Athyn, Pa. 19009 24986- (215)947-8258 sent 219PG Decr MR Briss us - 9/5 l Met ym in the early lighties on my way thrmse Panoma on mywayto Bulinie to See Ed Corn. Ed us My staff coorduntor in 73-75 when l us subsence to Thousand. TG - we're clue frunds- Frankey lim very worred about the situten in CA as d gothe Thee Shilld be a presidential commission you Are also - l stagested to Corr that to seview the Situ atum. melned S. Written I passed it on to termy C Copy of on letter That Gal Ga Sicherman - who is Baker" spee ch water Psa ops you Migat give it you blessing. with Sovd wishes- - Everatt 2. Briggs NSC B is Kuta rish D.C. ENTENNIA 1890 1990 THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA The TM University of Oklahoma DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE Ambassador Edwin G. Corr 455 West Lindsey Street, Room 304 Diplomat-in-Residence Norman, Oklahoma 73019 Occupant of the Henry Bellmon (405) 325-6622 Chair in Public Service August 21, 1989 Ambassador William R. Kintner Box 165, RD #1 Union, W.VA. 24983 Dear Bill, I much appreciated your recent letter enclosing the August 11 Evans- Novack column on "Bush's Failed Nicaragua Policy," and your suggestion that the President name a commission to review policy on Central America. Should such a commission be created, I would very much like to be a part of it. That the five Central American presidents agreed at Tela to a time schedule for the demobilization of the armed Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance (the "Contras") prior to Nicaraguan elections scheduled for February 25, 1990 is unfortunate, since it relieves pressures on the Sandinistas to hold honest and democratic elections. My opinion is that the Sandinistas have made concessions to opening their political system only under pressure, and that the Contras have been the most effective instrument of that pressure. Even now that is the case. The Sandinistas made further concessions regarding elections and campaign procedures to the internal democratic opposition on the eve of the Tela meeting. They did SO as a means to try again to get rid of the armed opposition. Nevertheless, I do not regard the current Administration's (nor the last's) policy on Central America to be a failure. To the contrary, I believe that given the lack of bipartisan consensus on Central America and despite the perseverence of the Sandinistas, the policy has had considerable success. In 1980 there were four dictatorships in Central America and one democracy (Costa Rica). Today, there are four countries with the democratic form of government and one dictatorship (Nicaragua). Ten years after Castro came to power in Cuba a Marxist-Leninist regime was fully consolidated on that island, and there was no chance of dislodging it short of a politically and economically costly large invasion. Today, the Sandinistas are in a very unstable situation and the possibility of change still exists. I do not regard this as failure. Our fundamental objectives in Central America were to prevent the establishment of a Soviet satellite state on the America's land mass, to stop Sandinista subversion of their neighbors, and to promote democracy and development. United States Government support for the Contras and recent changes in the USSR have gone a long way toward attaining our goal of impeding a hostile Soviet Union from creating a military/espionage base in Nicaragua. We must focus more on Sandinista subversion, which continues. The attainment of these two objectives would then permit us to deal with Nicaragua much as we do other non-democratic states. Returning to the Tela presidential agreement, I note that the demobilization is stipulated to be "voluntary," and based on Nicaragua having met its commitments to democratize. The Sandinistas are unlikely to do this. It will be American division on the policy and Congressional withdrawal of non-lethal support that could force demobilization. These are rambling comments for your reflection. I do think considering a commission of experts has merit. Such a commission would have to be balanced politically to have credibility. I believe that reason is strong for persistence in pursuing our four original objectives, which remain valid, and that our nation's interests would prevail in the findings of a. balanced commission of experts. Hearing from you was a treat! As I have worked and studied here in Oklahoma I have thought of you--and fondly-often. With warm regards. Sincerely, Ea Edwin G. Corr NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 6, 1989 Dear Oscar: It was extremely thoughtful of you to send along copies of the photographs you took on our memorable trip to Bolivia. Un lindo recuerdo. Many thanks. And thanks, too, for the information about Cabrillo. Do you suppose the ancient Portuguese made the H look like an M (as the J is depicted as an I, in Ioao) ? I recall that the original statue identified the gent as João Rodrigues Cabrilho. The LH in Portuguese is exactly equivalent to the true Castilian LL (elye, not e-ye). In case you ever wondered about the ex-Congressman, his name in Portuguese would sound like Co-El-yu, not Co-elo. It means rabbit, as in conejo. (Heck of a name for a politician, anyway.) It was a great pleasure traveling with you and the distinguished delegation to Paz Zamora's inauguration. Please let me know if I may be of any assistance to you here in Washington. Sincerely, con un fuerte abrazo, Everett Tex Ellis Briggs Mr. Oscar Padilla Insurance Services, Inc. 1660 North Hotel Circle Suite 700 San Diego, California 92108 OSCAR PADILLA INSURANCE SERVICES INC. August 23, 1989 Ambassador Everett E. Briggs National Security Council O.E.O.B., Room 361 Washington, D. C. 20506 Dear Ted: I have been waiting for the enclosed photos to be processed before writing to tell you how proud and honored I felt to be part of the delegation to the presidential inauguration in La Paz, Bolivia. It was an experience that I shall long remember and cherish. Along with the photograph's, I am also enclosing copies of news articles relating to the change in administration in Bolivia that I thought you might appreciate. I am also enclosing two photos on the name of Juan Rodrigues Cabrillo. You will note that while the name inscribed on the statue reads "IOAO RODRIGUES CABRILMO" (sic), the reverse side of each postcard identifies the explorer as "JUAN RODRIGUEZ CABRILLO." Strange. The pronounciation of his name is also confusing among local residents. Some pronouce it CAB-RILO, while others say CAB-REEO. My Portuguese friends say the correct way is, CAB-RILO, and the spelling should be RODRIQUES. If I can ever be of any assistance to you, please be assured that you have a devoted friend in San Diego. Sincerely Oban and respectfully, Oscar Padilla Encls OP/jeg 296-5668 1660 NORTH HOTEL CIRCLE SUITE 700 SAN DIEGO, CA 92108 619/291-8600 THE TRIBUNE HELEN K. COPLEY, Publisher and Chairman, Editorial Board NEIL MORGAN, Editor ROBERT M. WITTY. Deputy Editor GEORGE W. DISSINGER, Managing Editor A Copley Newspaper JOE HOLLEY, Editorial Page Editor San Diego, California, Tuesday, August 8, 1989 Telephone 299-3131 Page B-8 A conservative leftist for Bolivia? LATIN AMERICA'S leftist leaders have a history ty, results when the government goes on a money- of promising a higher standard of living but de- printing binge. livering fiscal disaster. The only thing they usually Paz Estenssoro, who as a young Bolivian leader raise is their country's rate of inflation. worked tirelessly to lead his country out of the That is why some analysts. feared what Bolivia's feudal age, was not afraid to adopt austerity mea- recently elected president, Jaime Paz Zamora, might do when he assumed power in this landlocked sures during the last four years, his most recent stint as Bolivian president. South American country. After all, his Revolution- ary Left Movement once had embraced Marxism, Bolivia, with its large indigenous population, is although in recent years, the party has become still mired in poverty. But Paz Estenssoro's policies more moderate. appeared to break the inflation cycle. He also coop- Thus, it came as a relief that Paz Zamora erated with U.S. officials in combating cocaine pledged a sensible, fiscally conservative program manufacturing and trafficking. in his inauguration speech Sunday. In fact, he told Bolivia, traditionally a land of turmoil and revo- his people, Bolivia no longer can tolerate "easy lutions, now enjoys more financial stability than its populism or sterile radicalism." inflation-wracked neighbor, Argentina. The peace- Like his predecessor, Victor Paz Estenssoro, Paz ful election and transition of power is also an en- Zamora seems to realize that economic recovery couraging sign. Paz Zamora must understand that the best cure means eschewing the chimera of the quick fix and accepting a measure of painful fiscal austerity. It for poverty is a stronger; healthier economy and a does no good to raise workers' salaries if there's no continuation of Paz Estenssoro's policies. So do we. real growth in the economy. Inflation, not prosperi- Sensible, fiscal leadership should convince busi- nesses to invest in Bolivia's future. Sunday, August 6, 1989 The San Blogo Emon A-21 New Bolivia president VOWS to consolidate democracy Associated Press presidential terms. candidate wins a majority in the pop- conservative Nationalist Democratic with ties to European Social Demo- LA PAZ, Bolivia - Congress elect- The new president, Paz Estensso- ular vote, Congress elects the presi- Action Party will receive 10 Cabinet cratic parties. ed Jaime Paz Zamora president ro's nephew, has said he will main- dent by choosing from among the top seats and Paz Zamora's party seven. Cavazos, speaking to reporters early yesterday and the left-leaning tain a free-market economy and wel- three vote-getters in the general Their parties will share responsi- upon his arrival Friday, said, "Presi- former vice president pledged to come foreign investments while giv- election. bilities in dealing with the economy dent Bush looks forward to cooperat- consolidate democracy and econom- ing special attention to improving Gonzálo Sanchez de Lozada, the and Banzer will oversee a Supreme ing with the new Bolivian adminis- ic stability. the educational system and health governing party's candidate, Council that is to determine the gov- tration in the many bilateral and in- He was elected by Congress be- care. He met with U.S. Ambassador received the most votes in the May 7 ernment's overall policy. ternational issues that concern us." cause no candidate received a major- Robert Gelbard on Thursday and election with 24 percent, but he Banzer gained power in a coup in He said Bolivia has made progress ity in the May election. said he is particularly interested in received only 49 votes in the congres- 1971 and ruled until 1978. In 1974, Paz with its economic program "which Paz Zamora, 50, a sociologist and investments in the mining sector. sional balloting. Banzer, a former Zamora was accused of plotting to has become a model for other na- leader of the Social-Democratic In the May 7 presidential election, general, won 23 percent of the vote in overthrow Banzer's government and tions gripped by hyperinflation and Movement of the Revolutionary Left, Paz Zamora came in third with 19 the general election. he was jailed for six months and sent crippled by economic instability." will be sworn in this afternoon in the percent. But in negotiations he Congress also elected lawyer Luis into exile. presence of five South American gained the support of former dictator Ossio Sanjines, an ally of Banzer and Banzer's decision Wednesday to Paz Zamora inherits an economy heads of state, U.S. Education Secre- Hugo Banzer Suarez, who had fin- leader of the Christian Democratic back Paz Zamora for the presidency that five years ago had an inflation tary Lauro Cavazos and Prescott ished second in the balloting. Party, vice president. Paz Zamora. surprised many Bolivians and led to rate of 24,000 percent but is now run- Bush, brother of President Bush. The support of Banzer and his and Ossio Sanjines will serve four- a brief bank run with thousands of ning at an annual rate of 6 percent. Outgoing President Victor Paz Es- rightist party assured Paz Zamora of year terms. people forming long lines at banks to Today's swearing-in ceremony will Associated Press tenssoro, 82, will address a joint ses- victory in the congressional vote and Paz Zamora and Banzer, in form- withdraw their deposits. install Bolivia's 76th government Jaime Paz Zamora sion of Congress, ending a half-centu- he won with 98 of the 156 ballots. ing the alliance, also agreed to form Paz Zamora, once a Marxist, is since the country became independ- Left-of-center ry political career that includes four Under Bolivia's constitution, if no a coalition government. Banzer's considered now to be left-of-center ent from Spain in 1825. THE WASHINGTON POST Thurs, 8-3-89 R U.S. 0 1000 Bolivia's Right, Left Break Election Logjam MILES Atlantic Ocean Conservative, Who Ran Second, Throws Support to Socialist for Presidency CUBA, ganization advocating violence to a slim plurality of the May vote with seven years. Growth of the gross Caribbean Sea By Douglas Farah center-left social democratic coali- 23 percent, followed by Banzer's domestic product is estimated at Special to The Washington Post tion. 22.7 percent and Paz Zamora's 3.5 percent this year. In exchange for Banzer's support, "Banzer joined with the MIR be- VENEZUELA LA PAZ, Bolivia, Aug. 2-Jaime 19.6 percent. Paz Zamora, a leftist politician who his rightist Nationalist Democratic Paz Zamora, of the Revolutionary cause of his personal dislike for San- came in third in the presidential Action will get the vice presidency Leftist Movement (MIR), was vice chez de Losada, even though his COLOMBIA president from 1982 to 1985 under personal positions are much closer ECUADOR race, is set to become the country's and half of the cabinet positions and next president, thanks to an alliance Banzer will preside over a joint uni- the leftist government of Hernan to the MNR's," said a political an- ty commission. Siles Zuazo, which presided over a alyst. "He felt he did his share with BRAZIL announced today with a rightist for- Because no candiate won a ma- period of unprecedented hyperin- the MNR and was cheated." PERU mer dictator. jority in the May 7 elections, the flation and economic decline. Infla- At stake during the next four- Paz Zamora broke a three-month voting was thrown to the Congress, tion had topped 20,000 percent in year term, according to political La Paz logjam among the three leading par- where Paz Zamora now seems 1985, when current President Vic- analysts of both the left and the Pacific BOLIVIA ties by reaching a joint governing agreement with second-place fin- guaranteed an easy first-round vic- tor Paz Estenssoro took office and right, is the continued economic and Ocean tory when the voting takes place implemented a severe economic social stability of Bolivia. Paz Za- PARAGUAY isher Hugo Banzer Suarez, a retired mora vowed not to initiate any CHILE Friday. He would take office Sun- recovery program. general and de facto ruler of the day. President Paz Estenssoro, 81, is "traumatic" economic changes but ARGENTINA country from 1971-78. Banzer, a "Almost three months after elec- the uncle of Paz Zamora. Banzer, to follow the policies of the present BY DAVE COOK-THE WASHINGTON POST rightist who seized power in a tions, when no one wants to give in who narrowly lost to Paz Estens- government. bloody coup d'etat, jailed Paz Za- and personal victory could mean the soro in 1985, joined a national unity Banzer, with close ties to the pri- Bolivia, a landlocked nation of 6 mora from 1972 to 1974 for leftist whole country loses I renounce government at that time which vate sector and military, also tried million people, is the poorest per political activity, deemed illegal. my bid for power," said Banzer in a made the implementation of the to calm fears that a Paz Zamora capita in South America. It receives Because of the violence of the press conference, flanked by top economic program possible. government would mean a return to about $100 million per year in U.S. Banzer era, Paz Zamora had said party leaders. "I announce our de- That alliance ended bitterly early the days of economic chaos and in- aid, the third-largest amount in the that "too much blood" stood be- cision to support the candidacy of this year. While the social costs of stability. hemisphere, after El Salvador and tween him and Banzer to reach an Jaime Paz Zamora." the program were high, throwing "A government built on the basis Honduras. agreement. But today, Banzer, 64, Gonzalo Sanchez de Losada of the tens of thousands of people out of of our agreement is the best guar- Once a leading tin producer, Bo- withdrew his candidacy and an- governing Nationalist Revolution- work and sharply lowering income, antee of economic and financial sta- livia now produces close to 50 per- nounced he would support Paz Za- ary Movement (MNR), hoping to inflation fell from 26,000 percent to bility, and SO we exhort our coun- cent of the paste used to make co- mora, 50, who has presided over his capitalize on the government's re- 10 percent in 1988, and in 1987 the trymen to put aside their unfounded caine consumed in the United cent economic success, garnered a economy grew for the first time in fears," Banzer said. States. party's evolution from a radical or- wed. 8/9/89 flos Angeles Times Bolivia to Do Its Part in Drug Fight, Leader Vows By WILLIAM R. LONG, Times Staff Writer LA PAZ, Bolivia-Jaime Paz hurting our country or is benefiting Congress at U.S. urging. Zamora, the new president of Bo- us. Paz Zamora has said in the past livia, says his administration will do "We are ready to go into any that farmers should receive more its part in the fight against cocaine kind of fight that is demanded of us, compensation than the $2,000 per traffic as long as the cost is not an to the extent that this fight does not hectare (2.5 acres) that is now undue burden on this impoverished mean that we Bolivians end up offered for voluntary eradication. country. more impoverished we are Some U.S. officials have-private- "Bolivia is prepared to enter this saying to the international commu- ly expressed concern about the fight, but not [by] paying a bill by nity that the fight against narcotics commitment of Paz Zamora's polit- itself that others should also pay," traffic costs money. It must be ical party, the Revolutionary Left Paz Zamora told reporters late financed." Movement, to full cooperation with Monday, a day after he took office. Paz Zamora emphasized the need U.S. anti-drug policy. During the After neighboring Peru, Bolivia for economic development in areas campaign, some members of the is the world's No. 2 producer of where peasant farmers have a hard party reportedly advised farmers coca leaves, the raw material of time making a living if they do not not to eradicate their crops before cocaine. cultivate coca. the election because they could Paz Zamora, a left-leaning na- He said his administration will receive more compensation under a tionalist, said Bolivia recognizes try to "perfect" an anti-narcotics new administration. that it "must be part of the interna- law passed last year by the Bolivi- The eradication program failed tional fight against narcotics traf- an Congress. The law, which sets to meet its first quota this year, and fic." But he made it clear that the deadlines for farmers to voluntarily the United States withheld $5.8 extent of Bolivian cooperation will eradicate illegal coca crops, was million in scheduled financial aid to depend on the amount of aid it drafted and pushed through the Bolivia. receives from the United States and other developed countries where cocaine use is a problem. International Problem "In Bolivia there is awareness that the problem is international," he said, "and therefore Bolivia cannot by itself pay a bill that belongs to many." Bolivia will keep "a kind of balance", in the fight against nar- cotics, he said. "We must have our own account balance in the sense of meeting our commitment together with the international community, but constantly check our accounts to see if our commitment is Part Sunday, August 6, 1989 L.A.TINES Ex-Radical Takes Over Today as Bolivia Leader By WILLIAM R. LONG, Times Staff Writer LA PAZ, Bolivia-Jaime Paz brother and many others died of Zamora has been a candidate for hunger and fatigue. the priesthood, a professional soc- Hugo Banzer, then an army cer player, a sociology professor, a colonel, seized power in a 1971 coup Marxist radical and a political exile. and immediately began a campaign Now 50, he is a moderate leftist and of repression against Marxists. A the next president of Bolivia. group of them, including Paz Za- With right-wing support, Paz mora, formed the Movement of the Zamora won a presidential runoff Revolutionary Left to resist the vote in Congress early Saturday dictatorship. and will be inaugurated today. Called the MIR, the movement The task he has set for himself is was organized in clandestine cells. formidable: to launch South Amer- It distributed anti-government ica's poorest country on a firm pamphlets, held student meetings course of social and economic de- and promoted strikes by workers. velopment. Its ideology was Marxist-Lenin- He has promised to do it without ist, but it did not advocate armed disrupting the country's current struggle. financial stability or making any Authorities captured Paz Zamora "traumatic change" in economic in 1974, and he spent three months policy. These are pledges that some in jail before escaping during the Bolivians regard with skepticism. confusion of a coup attempt against Paz Zamora was vice president Banzer. After two years in exile, from, 1982 through 1984 in a left- the rebel returned secretly to Bo- wing coalition government that left livia in late 1976. the economy in shambles, with an It was then that Paz Zamora inflation rate of more than 20,000% began leading the MIR away from a year. its conventional Marxism to a more Recalling that period, Bolivians moderate leftist philosophy. withdrew millions of dollars from The MIR joined forces with vet- savings accounts last week after eran politician Hernan Siles Zuazo, Paz Zamora's victory became -ap- a non-Marxist leftist, to contest parent. elections called by Banzer in 1978. Congressman Guillermo Bedre- The electoral process was thwarted gal asserts that the new president by fraud and a coup. is short on economic expertise and Paz Zamora was Siles Zuazo's administrative skill. vice presidential running mate for But Bedregal, a former foreign new elections in 1979 and 1980, but minister whose centrist party those votes also led to confusion leaves power today, said he trusts and coups. in Paz Zamora's sincerity. Before the 1980 election, Paz He is a man of very good faith," Zamora was aboard a small cam- he said. "I believe he is a good paign plane that crashed unex- democrat." plainedly after taking off from La The son of an army general, Paz Paz. He was the only survivor but Zamora graduated from a Roman was badly burned; he still bears Catholic high school in Bolivia and scars on his face and hands. a seminary in neighboring Argen-: In 1982, Siles Zuazo and Paz lina. He dropped out of the semi- Zamora were inaugurated on the nary months before he was sched- basis of their 31% plurality in the uled to be ordained a priest. 1980 elections. The MIR now em- Later, he received a degree in phasizes that as vice president, Paz social sciences from Louvain Uni- Zamora had no responsibility for versity in Belgium. the economic turmoil during that In 1970, when Paz Zamora was administration. teaching sociology at San Andres Paz Zamora took third place University in La Paz, his younger again in this year's popular election brother was marching in a Marxist on May 7 with 20% of the votes. His guerrilla group. runoff victory Saturday resulted "Jaime tried to convince him it from an 11th-hour alliance with was crazy," recalls Carmen Per- Banzer and his conservative party, eira, Paz Zamora's former wife. Nationalist Democratic Action. The army pinned down the guerril- In return for its support, Banzer's las in a mountain area north of La party will get at least half of the Paz, and 63 of the 75 rebels died. Cabinet posts in Paz Zamora's Some were shot, but Paz Zamora's administration. New Bolivia Leader Offers Conservative Fiscal Plan L.A. TIMES By WILLIAM R. LONG, Times Staff Writer MON. 8-7-89 LA PAZ, Bolivia-Jaime Paz said his government will not im- Zamora, a longtime crusader for pose controls on foreign currency leftist causes, took office Sunday as exchange or on interest rates. president of Bolivia and promised a "Prices will be defined by supply distinctly conservative economic and demand," he said. policy for this impoverished South Those are among the basic ele- American country. ments of outgoing President Paz Paz Zamora, 50, pledged in his Estenssoro's economic policy. In inauguration speech to preserve his farewell speech Sunday, Paz monetary and financial stability, Estenssoro said major changes in promote private industry, respect the policy could result in serious the laws of supply and demand and risks. reduce the size of the government. "The adoption of mistaken posi- He called for a "new period in tions in the field of economic policy republican life in which easy popu- could seriously affect the dem- lism and sterile radicalism of any ocratic process," he said. brand no longer have a place." Paz Estenssoro, 81, is widely respected as Bolivia's most impor- Vows to Fight Drug Trade tant democratic leader of the cen- He also vowed to "fight against tury. the threat of drug traffic." Bolivia As president from 1952 to 1956, is a major producer of coca leaves, he led what is called the "national the raw material of cocaine. revolution," making deep changes The economic policy outlined by in the country's political and eco- the new president closely resem- nomic structures. bles that of his predecessor, Victor The revolution began with a Paz Estenssoro, who left office bloody popular uprising, led by Paz Sunday after four years of govern- Estenssoro's Nationalist Revolu- ment austerity and conservative tionary Movement, which seized fiscal measures. power from a military junta. Paz Paz Zamora and Paz Estenssoro Estenssoro returned from exile to are relatives but belong to rival assume the presidency by virtue of political parties. Paz Zamora's his victory in a 1951 election that Revolutionary Left Movement has the armed forces had nullified. gradually shifted from a Marxist to a democratic-socialist ideology Purging of Military since the early 1970s. The new government purged The movement will share power and reorganized the armed forces, with the conservative Nationalist which had long served the interests Democratic Alliance of former mil- of the country's wealthy elite. Paz itary dictator Hugo Banzer under Estenssoro also decreed the na- an agreement that gave Paz Zamo- tionalization of 163 mines con- ra a presidential runoff victory trolled by powerful "tin barons." Saturday in Congress. Paz Estens- In 1953, Paz Estenssoro decreed soro's centrist National Revolu- an agrarian reform law that result- tionary Movement will be the main ed in one of South America's most opposition force. sweeping redistributions of large "Immense Social Sacrifice' landholdings to peasant farmers. Although the land reform has Paz Zamora recognized Paz Es- been criticized for creating tiny tenssoro's "important contribu- farms that are not economically tion" to economic stability but viable, it broke down a feudal added: "That stability, attained at system in which hundreds of thou- the cost of an immense social sands of landless peons had been sacrifice, will have meaning only if exploited by a small number of it is projected into the dimension of landowners. economic growth and social devel- opment. That will be our task." He said his policies will attack Bolivia's "unsupportable condition of poverty," high unemployment and infant mortality. The national income averages less than $700 a year for each Bolivian. Two out of every 10 workers are unemployed, and more than 100 of every 1,000 babies die before they are a year old. Paz Zamora said the moderniza- tion of the Bolivian society and economy must be based on "clear monetary and fiscal discipline." He Lauro Cavazos, secretario (ministro) de Educación del gobierno Presc Bush, hermano del presidente George Bush. Enviado especial norteamericano en visita a Bolivia. a la transmisión del mando. Secretario norteamericano de Estado Estados Unidos apoyará al nuevo gobierno boliviano Es promesa del Presidente Bush, afirmó el jefe de la delegación visitante.- Estados Unidos otras naciones. Destacó quienes se dedican a esas Sin embargo desta- apoyará al, nuevo go- también los esfuerzos actividades ilícitas. ca en el grupo el her- bierno boliviano para emprendidos en nuestro HERMANO DEL mano del Presidentede dar continuidad a pro- país con la colaboración PRESIDENTE los Estados Unidos, gramas que encaran estadounidense, "para BUSCH Prescott Busch, quien ambas naciones den- reducir el cultivo de dro- En la delegación nor- con un parecido gran- tro del marco de cola- gas ilegales" evitar trá- teamericana que llegó de al Jefe de la Casa boración, expresó Se- fico y prevenir el uso ayer, está la Sra. Jenni- Blanca, ganó la aten- cretario norteamerica- que afecta a los valores fer Fitgerald, Subjefe de ción de la prensa que no de Educación, Lau- humanos y envenena a Protocolo del Departa- subió a El Alto para TO F. Cavazos, al anun- la población. mento de Estado; Mi- ver la llegada de esa ciar el saludo del Pre- La labor debe con- chel Skol, Subsecreta- delegación, a bordo de sidente Busch al nue- junta, dijo, alentando la rio para Asuntos de un "Gulf Stream" C- vo gobernante y pue- posibilidad de mantener América del Sur; Jean- 20B que realizó vuelo blo boliviano. la ayuda en este campo, nie Austin Directora del Puerto Rico-La Paz. y señaló que se hizo un Comité Nacional del Prescott Busch, El representante del comienzo y que debe se- Partido Republicano y afirmó traer el saludo gobierno estadouni- guir ese trabajo en el fu- los Embajadores Everett de su hermano el Pre- dense, di lectura a una turo, porque con deter- Brigss y Matthew Smith, sidente, para el nuevo declaración luego de minación y cooperación además de dos empresa- gobierno boliviano, su arribo al aeropuerto se puede neutralizar a rios. augurando una gestión de El Alto en un avión positiva, reiterando de su gobierno, mani- que su país apoyaráco- festando que el Presi- mo hasta ahora a los dente George Busch planes y programas veía con con especial que encara Bolivia. atención el curso de la Un estricto control democracia boliviana de seguridad, poco y en forma especial la usual en estos casos, estabilidad económica rodeó la llegada de la impulsada por el go- bierno del Dr. Victor comitiva restringién- Paz Estenssoro. dose la actividad pe- riodística, especial- Ponderó el esfuer- mente para los repor- zo de gobierno y pue- teros gráficos en el sec- blo de Bolivia al haber tor de plataforma, aun- frenado la hiperinfla- que finalmente más ción, convirtiéndose pudo el celo profesio- en un modelo para Recepción a la delegacion estadounidense, por el embajador Robert nal que la custodia po- Gelbard. licial. NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 September 5, 1989 Dear Hal: Thanks for your letter. Please let me know how the Border Conference develops, and by all means, let's keep in touch. I'm especially grateful for the article on training Honduran cops. It arrived just as I was off to give a talk at the National War College on the quality of U.S. military assistance to Honduras. It provided an added dimension. Sincerely, Ted Everett Ellis Briggs The Honorable Hal Stratton Attorney General of New Mexico P. O. Drawer 1508 Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504 SEALE SEAL THE STATE OF NEW Attorney General of New Mexico P.O. Drawer 1508 Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504 1912 GREAT MEXICO 505-827-6000 Fax 505-827-5826 HAL STRATTON Attorney General August 23, 1989 Ambassador Everett Ellis Briggs Special Assistant to the President National Security Council, Rm. 361 Old Executive Office Building Washington, D. C. 20500 Dear Ambassador Briggs 9/5 It was good to see you once again on my recent trip to Washington. I appreciate your taking time out of your very busy schedule to spend some time with me. I also look forward to your counsel as to what you think I should do after my stint as Attorney General. I'll be in touch with you on my next trip that way and hopefully, we'll have an opportunity to discuss it further. I appreciate your interest in the Mexican-US Attorney Generals Border Conference. As details evolve, I will keep you posted. We would like to make this Border Conference, particularly if it's held in New Mexico, something meaningful and useful for all of the attendees. I thought you would like to have a copy of the Albuquerque Tribune article regarding the training in Honduras. It appears that Tom Gillespie was able to persuade the press here in New Mexico that his project was worthy. I think it played rather well. Please keep in touch and let us know how we can be of help. Best regards. Hellttalton Hal Stratton Sincerely HS:jw NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 August 23, 1989 Dear Mr. Jandie Ambassador: I greatly appreciated your letter and wish to reciprocate the sentiments of friendship expressed therein. You have earned the admiration, respect and appreciation of my Goverment for the manner in which you have conducted yourself and have advanced Panama's legitimate interests during SO difficult a period for your country. Yours has been an exceedingly delicate mission, and you can take pride in your accomplishments. On a personal note, Sally and I are pleased that you and Margaret will be remaining for a time, as private citizens, in the Washington area, and will look forward to seeing you. Please don't hesitate to let us know if we can be of any help to you in making this transition. Sincerely, Ted Everett Ellis Briggs His Excellency Juan B. Sosa Embassy of Panama 2862 McGill Terrace, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20008 EMBAJADA DE PANAMA WASHINGTON, D. C. 20008 August 10, 1989 Ambassador Everett Briggs National Security Council Room 361 Old Executive Building Washington, D.C. 20506 Ted Dear Ambassador Briggs: On February 25, 1988 the Constitutional President of Panama, Eric A. Delvalle took the courageous and patriotic decision to dismiss General Manuel Antonio Noriega as Commander of the Panama Defense Forces when he refused to separate from the position and make himself available to be investigated for the charges known to all of us. This led to President Delvalle's ousting, the instalation of an illegitimate regime, and a struggle in which the Panamanian people have tried unsuccesfully to topple the dictatorship, regain its freedom, and establish a democratic system in our country. Throughout this ordeal, the Panamanian people have found support from countries and friends who cherish democratic ideals; this support has been an important stimulus to the people of Panama who face a corrupt dictator, whose personal ambitions are above the interest of the country. On August 31, 1989 the Constitutional mandate of President Delvalle will come to an end; by refusing to resign, and lead the fight against General Noriega, despite the limitations of a forced underground and eventual exile, the principle of civilian leadership has been upheld, and while it is true that Noriega still controls power in Panama, it is also true that President Delvalle's unbending moral stand has been a permanent force in the weakening of the dictatorship. As President Delvalle's Constitutional mandate comes to an end, so will his Embassy in Washington, which I have had the privilege to direct as his personal representative. During my tenure as Ambassador of Panama to the Government of President Reagan and President Bush, one of the most rewarding experiences of my life has been working closely with friends like you, and receive the understanding and encouragement needed in this difficult period that my country, my family, and in general all Panamanians have gone through. In the absence of a legitimate government to receive the Embassy on September 1, the closing of the Embassy of Panama in Washington signifies the strict adherance to a constitutional principle and not a claudication of a fight. As a citizen of Panama, commited to see freedom, justice, and democracy regained in my country, I will continue the struggle until Panamanians can look to the future with optimism that they may see their hopes and dreams realized. I am convinced that you will continue to support Panama and the Panamanians in our quest for freedom, until this aspiration is achieved. On behalf of President Delvalle, and the Embassy of Panama in Washington and its staff, I would like to thank you for the support given to our cause and to me personally. Best personal regards. Cordially, Guan Thank you for all your support Juan B. Sosa throughout these difficult times Ambassador Hope to see more of Day to you in the future & NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 August 23, 1989 Dear Cameron: Thanks for your letter, and your good summary "observations." Most of all, thank you for taking the time to stop by the office. I shall await your call, but may not be on hand as soon as next week. Not having taken any leave this year, having come directly to the NSC from Tegucigalpa, I hope to be out of town for the next few days, until just after Labor Day when the first team returns in force. Please call me then. Sincerely, Everett Ted Ellis Briggs Mr. Cameron Clark, Jr. Production Sharing Internatinal, Ltd. P. O. Box 39 Southport, Connecticut 06490-0039 Production Sharing International, Ltd. Cameron Clark, Jr., President August 18, 1989 Ambassador Everett Briggs Senior Director of Latin American Affairs National Security Council Room 392 Old Executive Office Building Washington, DC 20506 Dear Ted: I was most pleased to have the opportunity to meet with you last Monday and to have a chance to reintroduce myself. Supporting the Reagan-Bush and now Bush-Quayle policies in Central America and the peace process have been a major personal priority. Having an opportunity to discuss some of the present conditions I am witnessing was important to me. A quick recap of some of these points has been made in the transition paper I prepared for the Bush transition team. 1. The Reagan Administration lost control of the Central American issue to Congress beginning in 1986. 2. This loss of control created the impression that the Administration was looking at other priorities, and once again, the U.S. was downgrading the problems of Central and Latin America. 3. The Bush Administration has had a number of opportunities to regain control of the issues but apparently has decided not to. 4. I am sensing an increasing lack of support and leadership from the Administration on the Caribbean Basin Initiative. CBI II could have been a reality, but there has been a lack of effective lobbying from the Administration in support of it. 5. The Reagan Administration, initially through Secretary Baldridge and then Secretary Verity, caused the Caribbean Basin Business Promotion Council to be formed as advisors to the Secretary and Special Trade Representative. It appears P.O. Box 39, Southport, Connecticut 06490-0039 Tel. (203) 259-0400 Telex 643-175 PROSHARE FALD Ambassador E. Briggs -2- August 18, 1989 that this council, which can play a very important contribu- ting role, will be ground into nothingness in the geograph- ical battles now in existence in Commerce's ITA. 6. Former President Carter appears to be positioning himself and his Institute as principal observers of the Nicaraguan election process. His principal advisor is Robert Pastor, who was his principal advisor on the Somoza downfall, a situation which could have been handled in a more positive and successful manner. In spite of these negative observations, I continue to be an optimist and believe that it is still not too late for the Bush Administration to regain the "high ground". It would appear that Vice President Dan Quayle is the apparent "chief spear carrier" for the Administration. He has been to Central America twice, and I hear from other sources that he is apparently the man to talk to on Central America. At the Monday RNC meeting at which he spoke at lunch, I had a brief moment with him and told him I was meeting with you, and he suggested that a meeting could be arranged through your office for me to meet with him to highlight some of the perceived problems and possible opportunities for handling those. I will call you the middle of next week to see how we proceed in possibly getting a date. I leave you with one important observation. The demise of the Caribbean Basin Business Promotion Council at Commerce would be a tragic mistake. Politics are the art of the possible, and if the Administration takes the proper initiatives, history will credit President George Bush with having been a major player in bringing democracy, peace, and eventual prosperity to Central America. Again, it was a great pleasure to visit with you again. You have my deepest respect. Sincerely, Cammin Cal Cameron Clark, Jr. CC/aw Production Sharing International, Ltd. 21033 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 BRIGGS August 22, 1989 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR G. PHILIP HUGHES FROM: EVERETT ELLIS BRIGGS is > SUBJECT: Request for Annual Leave I should like to take annual leave from August 24 to September 4. The Latin American Directorate will be adequately staffed during this period of time. RECOMMENDATION That you approve this Fel leave. Approve Disapprove mty Wed Teld 7/26 30 ROCKEFELLER PLAZA NEW YORK, N.Y. 10112 6225 ROOM 5600 (212) 649-5600 July 14, 1989 ArAPNSA Has See Dear Brent: Thank you ever so much for sending me the signed photo- graph of the President and myself taken at the time of this year's Washington Conference of the Council of the Americas. I think it came out very well; and I am, of course, delighted to have it. Thank you also for the photograph including the President, Jim Baker and yourself which I am likewise extremely pleased to have. Essentially, three of the men in that photo- graph represent the foreign policy of the United States: I hope I may have a chance for a brief visit with you the next time I am in Washington and will call your office to see whether this might be arranged. I was there earlier this week and had a good talk with Ted Briggs, whom I had known when he was Ambassador to Panama. I think you made a good choice in picking him to work with you on Latin America. Congratulations on what the President, Jim and you achieved on your European trip. So far as I can see, thus far, (the Summit has not yet taken place) it has been an unqualified success. Best regards. Sincerely, Dawn David Rockefeller The Honorable Brent Scowcroft Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs National Security Council The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, D.C. 20506 NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 August 21, 1989 INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR NICHOLAS ROSTOW FROM: EVERETT ELLIS BRIGGS SUBJECT: Disqualifications I am aware of the restrictions of 18 U.S.C. § 208, a criminal conflicts of interest law that prohibits government employees from taking official acts that affect personal financial interests or financial interests of associated persons and organizations. I also understand that Executive Order No. 12674 requires that I avoid any action that might result in, or create the appearance of, using public office for private gain, giving preferential treatment to any organization or person, losing independence or impartiality of action, or weakening the confidence of the public in the integrity of the government. I therefore am disqualified from taking actions on matters that may have a direction and predictable effect on, or affect the financial interests of, the entities identified on attachment A hereto. Any matters involving such entities should be directed to the attention of William T. Pryce or David A. Pacelli, or such other official as they may designate. CC: G. Philip Hughes Attachment Tab A - List of Relevant Entitles List of Recusals Everett Ellis Briggs List of relevant entities Dartmouth National Bank USAA Funds USF&G Corporation Eli Lilly Corp. Burlington Northern Corp. Burlington Resources Corp. General Electric Corp. State Department Federal Credit Union Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner & Smith Eaton Vance Funds RIC 21 Ltd. Oxford Tax Exempt Fund Angeles Partners X Shurgard Income Properties X American Funds Pillsbury Corp. Southern New England Telecommunications Corp. Whitman Corp. Intermountain Power Agency, Utah New Hampshire Telecommunications Corp. White House Federal Credit Union NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL August 14, 1989 MEMORANDUM FOR EVERETT BRIGGS FROM: DANIEL LEVIN DL SUBJECT: SF 278 Thank you for sending me a copy of your SF 278. You must recuse yourself from entities in which you own stock which could appear as a real or apparent conflict of interest. Attached is a draft package for your use in preparing your memorandum of disqualification. Thank you. Attachment Draft Disqualifications Memorandum THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release April 12, 1989 EXECUTIVE ORDER PRINCIPLES OF ETHICAL CONDUCT FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES By virtue of the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, and in order to establish fair and exacting standards of ethical conduct for all executive branch employees, it is hereby ordered as follows: PART I - PRINCIPLES OF ETHICAL CONDUCT Section 101. Principles of Ethical Conduct. To ensure that every citizen can have complete confidence in the integrity of the Federal Government, each Federal employee shall respect and adhere to the fundamental principles of ethical service as implemented in regulations promulgated under sections 201 and 301 of this order: (a) Public service is a public trust, requiring employees to place loyalty to the Constitution, the laws, and ethical principles above private gain. (b) Employees shall not hold financial interests that conflict with the conscientious performance of duty. (c) Employees shall not engage in financial transactions using nonpublic Government information or allow the improper use of such information to further any private interest. (d) An employee shall not, except pursuant to such reasonable exceptions as are provided by regulation, solicit or accept any gift or other item of monetary value from any person or entity seeking official action from, doing business with, or conducting activities regulated by the employee's agency, or whose interests may be substantially affected by the performance or nonperformance of the employee's duties. (e) Employees shall put forth honest effort in the performance of their duties. (f) Employees shall make no unauthorized commitments or promises of any kind purporting to bind the Government. (g) Employees shall not use public office for private gain. (h) Employees shall act impartially and not give preferential treatment to any private organization or individual. (i) Employees shall protect and conserve Federal property and shall not use it for other than authorized activities. more (OVER) 2 (j) Employees shall not engage in outside employment or activities, including seeking or negotiating for employment, that conflict with official Government duties and responsibilities. (k) Employees shall disclose waste, fraud, abuse, and corruption to appropriate authorities. (1) Employees shall satisfy in good faith their obligations as citizens, including all just financial obligations, especially those -- such as Federal, State, or local taxes -- that are imposed by law. (m) Employees shall adhere to all laws and regulations that provide equal opportunity for all Americans regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or handicap. (n) Employees shall endeavor to avoid any actions creating the appearance that they are violating the law or the ethical standards promulgated pursuant to this order. Sec. 102. Limitations on Outside Earned Income. No employee who is appointed by the President to a full-time noncareer position in the executive branch, including all full-time employees in the White House Office and the Office of Policy Development, shall receive any earned income for any outside employment or activity performed during that Presidential appointment. PART II - OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS AUTHORITY Sec. 201. The Office of Government Ethics. The Office of Government Ethics shall be responsible for administering this order by: (a) Promulgating, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Office of Personnel Management, regulations that establish a single, comprehensive, and clear set of executive-branch standards of conduct that shall be objective, reasonable, and enforceable. (b) Developing, disseminating, and periodically updating an ethics reference manual for employees of the executive branch describing the applicable statutes, rules, decisions, and policies. (c) Promulgating, with the concurrence of the Attorney General, regulations interpreting the provisions of the general conflict-of-interest statute, section 208 of title 18, United States Code, and the statute prohibiting supplementation of salaries, section 209 of title 18, United States Code. (d) Promulgating, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Office of Personnel Management, regulations establishing a system of nonpublic (confidential) financial disclosure by executive branch employees to complement the system of public disclosure under the Ethics in Government Act of 1978. Such regulations shall include criteria to guide agencies in determining which employees shall submit these reports. (e) Ensuring that any implementing regulations issued by agencies under this order are consistent with and promulgated in accordance with this order. more 3 Sec. 202. Executive Office of the President. In that the agencies within the Executive Office of the President (EOP) currently exercise functions that are not distinct and separate from each other within the meaning and for the purposes of section 207 (e) of title 18, United States Code, those agencies shall be treated as one agency under section 207 (c) of title 18, United States Code. PART III - AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES Sec. 301. Agency Responsibilities. Each agency head is directed to: (a) Supplement, as necessary and appropriate, the comprehensive executive-branch-wide regulations of the Office of Government Ethics, with regulations of special applicability to the particular functions and activities of that agency. Any supplementary regulations shall be prepared as addenda to the branch-wide regulations and promulgated with the concurrence of the Office of Government Ethics. (b) Ensure the review by all employees of this order and regulations promulgated pursuant to the order. (c) Coordinate with the Office of Government Ethics in developing annual agency ethics training plans. Such training shall include mandatory annual briefings on ethics and standards of conduct for all employees appointed by the President, all employees in the Executive Office of the President, all officials required to file public or nonpublic financial disclosure reports, all employees who are contracting officers and procurement officials, and any other employees designated by the agency head. (d) Where practicable, consult formally or informally with the Office of Government Ethics prior to granting any exemption under section 208 of title 18, United States Code, and provide the Director of the Office of Government Ethics a copy of any exemption granted. (e) Ensure that the rank, responsibilities, authority, staffing, and resources of the Designated Agency Ethics Official are sufficient to ensure the effectiveness of the agency ethics program. Support should include the provision of a separate budget line item for ethics activities, where practicable. PART IV - DELEGATIONS OF AUTHORITY Sec. 401. Delegations to Agency Heads. Except as provided in section 402 and except in the case of the head of an agency, the authority of the President under section 208 (b) of title 18, United States Code, to grant exemptions to individuals, is delegated to the head of the agency in which an individual requiring an exemption is employed or to which the individual is attached for purposes of administration. Sec. 402. Delegations to the Counsel to the President. The authority of the President under section 208 (b) of title 18, United States Code, to grant exemptions for Presidential appointees to committees, commissions, boards, or similar groups established by the President is delegated to the Counsel to the President. Sec. 403. Delegation Regarding Civil Service. The Office of Personnel Management and the Office of Government Ethics, as appropriate, are delegated the authority vested in more (OVER) 4 the President by 5 U.S.C. 7301 to establish general regulations for the implementation of this Executive order. PART V - GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 501. Revocations. The following are hereby revoked: (a) Executive Order No. 11222 of May 8, 1965. (b) Executive Order No. 12565 of September 25, 1986. Sec. 502. Savings Provision. (a) All actions already taken by the President or by his delegates concerning matters affected by this order and in force when this order is issued, including any regulations issued under Executive Order 11222, Executive Order 12565 or statutory authority, shall, except as they are irreconcilable with the provisions of this order or terminate by operation of law or by Presidential action, remain in effect until properly amended, modified, or revoked pursuant to the authority conferred by this order or any regulations promulgated under this order. Notwithstanding anything in section 102 of this order, employees may carry out preexisting contractual obligations entered into before the date of this order. (b) Financial reports filed in confidence (pursuant to the authority of Executive Order No. 11222, 5 C.F.R. Part 735, and individual agency regulations) shall continue to be held in confidence. Sec. 503. Definitions. For purposes of this order, the term: (a) "Contracting officers and procurement officials" means all such officers and officials as defined in the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act Amendments of 1988. (b) "Employee" means any officer or employee of an agency, including a special Government employee. (c) "Agency" means any executive agency as defined in 5 U.S.C. 105, including any executive department as defined in 5 U.S.C. 101, Government corporation as defined in 5 U.S.C. 103, or an independent establishment in the executive branch as defined in 5 U.S.C. 104 (other than the General Accounting Office), and the United States Postal Service and Postal Rate Commission. (d) "Head of an agency" means, in the case of an agency headed by more than one person, the chair or comparable member of such agency. (e) "Special Government employee" means a special Government employee as defined in 18 U.S.C. 202 (a). Sec. 504. Judicial Review. This order is intended only to improve the internal management of the executive branch and is not intended to create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by a party against the United States, its agencies, its officers, or any person. GEORGE BUSH THE WHITE HOUSE, April 12, 1989. # # # § 208. Acts affecting a personal financial interest (a) Except as permitted by subsection (b) hereof, whoever, being an officer or employee of the executive branch of the United States Government, of any indepen- dent agency of the United States, a Federal Reserve bank director, officer, or employee, or of the District of Columbia, including a special Government employee, participates personally and substantially as a Government officer or employee, through decision, approval, disapproval, recommendation, the rendering of advice, investigation, or otherwise, in a judicial or other proceeding, application, request for a ruling or other determination, contract, claim, controversy, charge, accusation, arrest, or other particular matter in which, to his knowledge, he, his spouse, minor child, partner, organization in which he is serving as officer, director, trustee, partner or employee, or any person or organization with whom he is negotiating or has any arrangement concerning prospective employment, has a financial interest- Shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. (b) Subsection (a) hereof shall not apply (1) if the officer or employee first advises the Government official responsible for appointment to his position of the nature and circumstances of the judicial or other proceeding, application, request for a ruling or other determination, contract, claim, controversy, charge, accusation, arrest, or other particular matter and makes full disclosure of the financial interest and receives in advance a written determination made by such official that the interest is not so substantial as to be deemed likely to affect the integrity of the services which the Government may expect from such officer or employee, or (2) if, by general rule or regulation published in the Federal Register, the financial interest has been exempt- ed from the requirements of clause (1) hereof as being too remote or too inconse- quential to affect the integrity of Government officers' or employees' services. In the case of class A and B directors of Federal Reserve banks, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall be the Government official respon- sible for appointment. (As amended Pub.L. 95-188, Title II, § 205, Nov. 16, 1977, 91 Stat. 1388.) 1977 Amendment. Subsec. (a). Pub.L. Similar provisions were contained in the follow- 95-188, § 205(a), extended the conflicts of inter- ing prior Appropriations Acts: est prohibition to a Federal Reserve bank director, officer, or employee. Pub.L. 100-202, § 101(g)[Title III, § 318], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329-255. Subsec. (b). Pub.L. 95-188, § 205(b), added sentence "In the case of class A and B directors of Legislative History. For legislative history and Federal Reserve banks, the Board of Governors of purpose of Pub.L. 95-188, see 1977 U.S. Code the Federal Reserve System shall be the Govern- Cong. and Adm. News, p. 3636. ment official responsible for appointment." "Particular Matter" Defined. Pub.L. 100-446, Cross References Title III, § 319, Sept. 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 1826, Advisory Commission on Conferences in Ocean provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provi- Shipping, members appointed from private sector sion of law, hereafter for the purposes of section not subject to this section, see section 1717(e)(3) 208 of title 18, United States Code [this section], of Title 46, Shipping. "particular matter', as applied to employees of the Department of the Interior and the Indian Health West's Federal Practice Manual Service, shall mean 'particular matter involving specific parties'." Contract solicitation, see § 1529. B. B. ANDERSEN August 9, 1989 Ambassador Everett Ellis Briggs Room 361 OEOB State National Security Council Washington, DC 20506 Dear Ted: Just a short note to a traveling companion. It goes without saying that it was a-very interesting and enjoyable trip to Bolivia. -I enjoyed meeting and visiting with you and hope to see you soon. Personal regards, B.B. andy Andersen BBA:mb Everett Ellis Briggs NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 OFFICIAL BUSINESS U.S.MAIL POSTAGE AND FEES PAID NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL Mr. B. B. Andersen 2201 Stratford NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 August 15,1989 Dear Sands. Thanks for you cadial note. 2 enjoyed an trip toyether 25 the Tap of the world, + some good convensation with you + the other in the group. Hase you find a bangain in serolucan ingentrias ! But withes, Telepp Ted NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20508 August 14, 1989 Dear Ms. Brockbank: Thank you for your letter of August 10 requesting a briefing for participants in the Global Leadership Program. Unfortunately, I will not be available on August 28. My secretary tells me you have set up meetings with the United States Trade Representative and the Departments of State and Commerce. I am confident the briefings the participants will receive from these agencies will adequately cover all aspects of the information needed for this training. Sincerely, Everett COEP Special the President and Director for Latin America Ms. Nancy Brockbank Program Administration The University of Michigan School of Business Administraton Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1234 August 14 I talked with Nancy Brockbank re this request and she sent this letter explaining further why she wants this group to see you. I suggested she get someone at State and she said she had but couldn't remember their name. She said she had lined up Mark Lore of USTrade and also someone from the Department of Commerce. Do you want to do this? Yes No X WTP P6 dealt specing I'll short nate 313/936-3919 northat be avail. date Cm an examing USTR & more the OF MICHIGA THE THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 1817 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48109-1234 (313) 936-3919 Fax: (313) 936-2196 GLOBAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM August 10, 1989 CORE FACULTY Ambassador E.E. Briggs Prof. Noel M. Tichy, Director Latin America Affairs, Room 361 University of Michigan Prof. Michael Brimm National Security Council European Inst. of Bus. Administration Old Executive Ofice Bldg. Prof. Michel Oksenberg Washington D.C. 20506 University of Michigan Prof. Hirotaka Takeuchi Hitotsubashi University Dear Ambasssador Briggs: ADJUNCT FACULTY Prof. Wayne Brockbank The University of Michigan School of Business University of Michigan Administration in conjunction with faculty from Prof. Ram Charan Hitotsubashi University, Japan and the European Educator/Consultant Institute of Business Administration is developing a Prof. Charles Kadushin City University, New York senior executive training program called the Global Prof. Ikujiro Nonaka Leadership Program. The GLP is designed to Hitotsubashi University cultivate global leadership competencies in senior Prof. Vladimir Pucik University of Michigan executives. The participants attending are candidates within the next 10 to 15 years for their SENIOR ADVISORY BOARD Michael R. Bonsignore firms' chief executive office and represent major Honeywell, Inc. European, Japanese and U.S. companies. I have Tetsuo Chino enclosed a list of the sponsoring companies. Honda Motor Co. Alan Lafley Chase Manhattan Bank (retired) The participants will be divided into multinational David MacEachron teams consisting of approximately 5 members and will Japan Society be sent to either India, Brazil or China (or to Tom Moloney Pacific Rim vantage points to study China). These The Commonwealth Fund Jack Sparks visits will help facilitate two primary goals. The Whirlpool (retired) teams are to prepare and research a business Paul Van Orden opportunity assessment of their assigned country. General Electric Each member is expected to contribute and the end Malte Von Matthiessen Yellow Springs Instruments, Inc. product is to be a synergistic effort. There will be only one report per team. The process of the RESEARCH/ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Douglas Allen collaboration will satisfy the second goal, that of Staff providing a forum for team building. The Nancy Brockbank participants will be confronting multinational Staff biases, priorities and perspectives. Deb Buhro Staff Suzanne Hazlett To begin the assessment, the executive teams will Staff spend a day in Washington D.C. interviewing Steven Jackson Staff government officials, trade and commerce personnel Anne Preston as well as country experts in private and public Staff organizations. The interviews will last 1 hour each. We would greatly appreciate an hour of your time on August 28. The topic will concern Brazil and all aspects of its current and potential business climate. I have enclosed an open time schedule in which you can place your first, second and third preference for meeting times. We would appreciate your returning this sheet as soon as possible. Our fax is 313 936 2196. I will then get back to you with a confirmation. I look forward to hearing from you. With kind regards, Nancy Brockbank Program / Administration GLOBAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM COUNTRY BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY ASSESSMENT Mission: TO DEVELOP SKILLS AND PROVIDE A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES OVERSEAS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION. Objectives: * Macro analysis of countries' and regions' present and future economic, political and social status. * Strategic business opportunity analysis. * Development of leadership skills for understanding overseas operations. 1 GLP BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY ASSESSMENT Features: * Long-term oriented, macro examination of the host country and region Business-level strategic analysis -- business types, market prospects and entry strategies * "Mirror" Analysis -- appreciation of host perceptions of the MNC, and the foreign national. * Sub-regional analysis -- differentiating business opportunities in two regions outside of the national capital. Process: * Interviews with extensive numbers of: - Host government officials -- policy makers and entry management system officials - Host country business leaders - Host analysts of foreign countries and multinational corporations - Joint venture partners -- both host and foreign - Members of key international economic organizations (World Bank, IMF) - Area experts * Experiential learning - getting beyond the luxury tour and facing real tasks * Report writing as product and process--team building and a serious research report 2 Macro Analysis of Countries' and Regions' Present and Future Economic, Political and Social Status Objectives: * Long-term economic trends and potential -- nationally and regionally defined * Political goals -- stability and efficacy * Social, cultural and philosophical bases and trends * Role of the country or region in the world economy "Mirror" Analysis: Host views of the: * MNC's "home country" * Political trends in "home country" * Social trends in "home country" * Role of the home country in world economy * Role of the host Country in world economy 3 Strategic Business Opportunity Analysis Objectives: * Assess viability of business types: - Capital goods - Consumer goods - Services - Loans - Technology transfers * Identify possible target markets: - Regionally defined - Socially defined - Technologically defined * Determine optimal entry strategies: - Joint ventures - Direct foreign investment - Licensing - Counter trade - Third country involvement "Mirror" analysis: Host views of: * Desired business types - View of government - View of host country businesses * Domestic markets and sectors * Corporate entry strategies and the "entry management system" 4 Development of Leadership Skills for Understanding Overseas Operations Objectives: * Explore participants' implicit assumptions about foreign countries * Attain understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of existing methods of overseas investment and political risk analysis * Achieve intense understanding of cross-cultural interaction * Acquire improved capacity for managing across national borders Establish contacts for future business in the region Be able to reframe barriers into opportunities Products and Results: * Extensive report written by each of the six teams on business opportunities in each host and sub-region * Presentation by the teams to a panel of CEOs and area studies experts * Individual in-House reports by each participant for company CEO and senior executives * Established contacts and network for future business in the region 5 OF MICHIGAN THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION & 1811 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48109-1234 (313) 936-3919 Fax: (313) 936-2196 GLOBAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM CORE FACULTY Prof. Noel M. Tichy. Director GLOBAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM University of Michigan SPONSORSHIP LIST Prof. Michael Brimm European Inst. of Bus. Administration Prof. Michel Oksenberg University of Michigan U.S. JAPAN EUROPE Prof. Hirotaka Takeuchi Hitotsubashi University ADJUNCT FACULTY American Express Hitachi Beecham Group Prof. Wayne Brockbank AT&T Honda BOC Assistant Professor Chase Manhattan NEC Bull Prof. Ram Charan Educator/Consultant General Electric Nippon Life Fiat Prof. Charles Kadushin General Motors Nomura Securities ICI City University, New York Eastman Kodak NTT Philips Prof. Ikujiro Nonaka Exxon Otsuka Olivetti Hitotsubashi University Honeywell Pharmaceutical Prof. C.K. Prahalad University of Michigan IBM Seiko Prof. Vladimir Pucik Merck Shiseido University of Michigan 3M Sony SENIOR ADVISORY BOARD Whirlpool Michael R. Bonsignore Honeywell. Inc. Tetsuo Chino Honda Motor Co. Alan-Lafley Chase Manhattan Bank (retired) David MacEachron Japan Society Tom Moloney The Commonwealth Fund Jack Sparks Whirlpool (retired) Paul Van Orden General Electric Malte Von Matthiessen Yellow Springs Instruments. Inc. RESEARCH/ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Douglas Allen Research Project Manager Nancy Brockbank Program Manager Deborah Buhro Research Staff Steven Jackson Research Staff Melissa Smith Research Staff Anne Preston Administrator UNITED OF MICHIGA HIG THE THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 1811 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48109-1234 (313) 936-3919 Fax: (313) 936-2196 GLOBAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM CORE FACULTY Prof. Noel M. Tichy. Director TIME SCHEDULE FOR GLP WASHINGTON D.C. VISIT University of Michigan AUGUST 28 Prof. Michael Brimm European Inst. of Bus. Administration Prof Michel Oksenberg University of Michigan Prof. Hirotaka Takeuchi TIME NAME & ORGANIZATION Hitotsubashi University ADJUNCT FACULTY 8 AM Prof. Wayne Brockbank Assistant Professor Prof Ram Charan Educator/Consultant Prof. Charles Kadushin 9 City University. New York Prof Ikujiro Nonaka Hitotsubashi University Prof C.K. Prahalad University of Michigan 10 Prof. Vladimir Pucik University of Michigan SENIOR ADVISORY BOARD Michael R. Bonsignore 11 Honeywell:-Inc. Tetsuo Chino Honda Motor Co. Alan Lafley Chase Manhattan Bank (retired) 12 NOON David MacEachron Japan Society Tom Moloney The Commonwealth Fund Jack Sparks 1 PM Whirlpool (retired) Paul Van Orden General Electric Malte Von Matthiessen Yellow Springs Instruments. Inc. 2 RESEARCH/ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Douglas Allen Research Project Manager Nancy Brockbank 3 Program Manager Deborah Buhro Research Staff Steven Jackson Research Staff 4 Melissa Smith Research Staff Anne Preston Administrator 5