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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: 1999-0093-F 1999-0093-F FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Policy Development, White House Office of Series: Goldstein, Ed, Files Subseries: OA/ID Number: 06672 Folder ID Number: 06672-016 Folder Title: Office of Science/Technology Policy [II] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 0 0 0 0 MEMORANDUM January 7, 1989 To: Andy Card From: Brad Mitchell Re: Issues concerning the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Overriding Issue: The world is becoming technologically sophisticated at an exponential rate. As the end of the century approaches, it is increasingly clear that familiar policy mechanisms and standard approaches may no longer be sufficient to deal with future realities and problems. Policy-makers must have available methods for increasing their own level of technological sophistication so well-informed decisions can be made in this complex world. Furthermore, careful consideration must be given to the choice of the policy-makers themselves and their advisors. Objective: This memo addresses the President-elect's stated desire to improve the process by which advice and analysis on matters pertaining to science and technology policy are provided to the President. Brief Assessment: The primary issue confronting OSTP is overall credibility within the federal government and with the science and technology community outside the government, including academia and industry. At the present time, questions and concerns exist as to the role and effectiveness of OSTP in the policy making process. The resources appropriated to OSTP in terms of budget and FTE's are not at a level which would enable OSTP to carry out its mission, as outlined in P.L. 94-282. See Attachment A, Title I and Title II blue highlights. As a result of the President-elect's strong positive statements concerning science and technology during the campaign, the science and technology community has high expectations for the Bush Administration. Specific Problems: 1. Organization: O It is perceived that the current Director of OSTP does not have direct access to the President and, consequently, does not play a major role in policy design. O OSTP does not have clearly defined roles and responsibilities. O OSTP has not effectively advised the President on the setting of national science and technology goals. o The current organizational structure does not reflect the President-elect's stated priorities and goals in the area of science and technology. 2. Resources: o The OSTP budget has declined the last four consecutive years. The 1989 OSTP appropriation is the lowest in over a decade (real dollars). See Attachment B. The decline in funding adds to the perception that the Office is not vital. o OSTP has a total staff of 27 people, only 9 of whom are permanent employees. The remaining 18 are detailees or liasons from other agencies. Potential Solutions: President Bush must clearly define the role, responsibilities, and priorities of OSTP as they relate to other offices in the Executive Office of the President (National Space Council, National Security Council, Economic Policy Council, Domestic Policy Council, Office of Management and Budget, etc.), so that the Office can be more effective in advising the President on setting national goals. Only after this definition is complete can an effective organization in terms of personnel and budget be designed. The following recommendations reflect my view that the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology should play the role of "honest broker", presenting proposals and offering advice to the President as objectively as possible. 1. Organization: Please see Attachment C for suggested organization. o Elevate the President's Science Advisor to Assistant to the President for Science and Technology with Cabinet level status (without portfolio). Establish direct access between the Assistant and the President, thereby enhancing the Assistant's role in the policy making process. O Appoint a Director of OSTP to be confirmed by the Senate. This person could also serve as the unofficial deputy to the Assistant to the President. The Director of OSTP would be the line manager of the Assistant to the President's organizational capacity. Establish the President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists, engineers and distinquished executives from the private sector. The members of this elite group should be appointed by the President. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology should serve as the chairman of the President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors. Rationale: - The Assistant to the President would not be the Director of OSTP under this organizational plan. The Assistant would be free of OSTP's daily operational requirements and could more fully serve the President as an "honest broker;" - The Assistant would play a key role in the science and technology priority-setting process as "pork barrel" science becomes increasingly problematic; - The person named to the Assistant position would be exempt from Congressional confirmation. The Director of OSTP would be the liason to Congress. This would cut the tie between the President's top science and technology advisor and the Congress, enabling the Assistant to provide confidential, objective advice to the President. 2. Resources: O Appoint the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology early in the transition period, preferably before the inauguration. Rationale: - An early appointment allows the Assistant to take part in early budget battles, especially FY 90, which may help address the resource problem indicated above; - The Assistant could advise the President on the many other key scientific and technological appointments early in the Administration; - The Assistant would have a reasonable amount of time to design the organizational structure of OSTP in a manner which would reflect the President-elect's priorities; - An early appointment sends a strong, clear signal that this post is important to the President-elect. Better candidates will be attracted to science and technology jobs in the Administration if they perceive President-elect Bush has a personal interest in S&T. Note: In 1981, the Reagan Administration waited several months before selecting a Science Advisor. Not surprisingly, the first seven distinquished professionals asked to take the position turned the job down. 12/5/98 ED KNAPP Conversation Guy Stever was President Nixon's science Advisor to the went NSE NSF & ERic Bloch term expires in 1990. done goal yes building 12-5-88 Hanus KUHARR ConversAtion OSTP Assistal to Pres. for sei+Tech shall be hanest broker objective presenting Make Assistant to Pres. make his Deputy PIRECTOR of OSTP Presental InterAct 2 micelle an clear NSPG NRSG meetings (if S+T dinersin) NSC only (if SXT dinas-) menser of Economic Rly Cancel (if S+T dienk) Parent Puly (wil (if S+T drews Instite CRit.LAC Issue Funly SHAFFY. Direct Access to Pres. 4 white Hase Science Carcil adivis weet every other MAR - PR. Bill Graham notes 1-25-89 / wels , WHSC membership 2 \ ASEAN Conference JAN30. Fes 4. tell him about Budget PirectoR - FY89 t EY90 Budget Takex R+D sudget 65 B. 2 likes involvemed in EPC, DPC I MSC mtg. Shand institionalize those. 3 better window to AcAdemiA & industry (all All-s- to get this Going !! Scitt Best 1 RxR Perter NV KAte celtor to Bil Extrater Q5TP Michelle Vhn Klieve Mission 4 scrence of technology explanation to press Jan 9 It special analysis J for S ETT 9 9 permanent 3 professional 5 political 4 career HA S&T policy modal I corrdmate SElT principal focal pt. the melt #1 honest Broker 4 Issue split Congressional Presidential - change title 4 Y to the Chaef of staff NS PG when tech subjects NSC is " Domestic Policy Commal Economic Policy Council White House Science Council 4 Issue - access to Pres. - funding Noreen Joe Hezer Manveen Noonan OMB 11 Jan 89 NASA ISSUE & kup run out would entail budget increases m the vollant 9 Bush commitmer to - Missim to Planet Earth 4 3yr appropriation for space sta tear? 4 ELV not in berdget Shuttle C as an option w/, (ALS) (AL S) Advanced heavy lift w/ DOD no Hap 14 technology 41 commercial zation - use invest appropriations for what private mkt won't - commercially Aeveloped space Facility NAS, NA Finan, NASA looking - got private Financing support face lithes manufac turing faulty for solid & motor Gout owned Can tractor operator Can COCO ( an govt Property) - only one benyer (gout) must go to multi year budget process need to market other benefits OSTP can't can mand other Graham the problem, staff weak 5 hylong respect - Un responsive to longriss did OSTP get the message budyet into puniture by Congress roles inside advisor lobbyist of 5040 community - Global report done by omB, Fixit system ? policy spot is perso - never have used FTE - major fince mending an Hill, Agencido - more concerned n/ represen to has than substance - get some relief / Flesibility on Sime of The detailes 50% pay out Levers - budget - fix it OSTP w/ role of YDOD - top line policy w/ am DOD omB lose con trol NSF 41 danble NSF budget over 5 years 4 rc tooling Budget - ing trumentation - I Education - walnative 10 Jan 89 Mary English Public Affairs H Keeping public 14 formed, Unswer allqueries from Press 4 liaison w/ with / agencies - speech writers 4 member of senior staff G coordinate Grahan's speaking engagements 4 oversel speeches H present structure OK - science Advisor / Director of OSTP should remember - separate combine tolithot needed can call M expert when you needs Graham cooperate good at getting people to - short an states - - many people fighting for the job E conumic & Domestic luncel mins teaship could be valuable - white House Sceence Council effection Driefs Pres report to Scence Advisor Deborah Smith G1 Souna & tech Dec. w/ India IPR? 4 highest priority w/ Japan global competitiveness 4 Somet Union , no int'l stilnce atah policy w/ he Duersight no coordinated overall structure * GH constant trusion between state & OSTP H symetrical access n trade Bill & protection of IPR's 41 global competitioness tech transfer * 4 elevation to Assistant to the President in portant for implementator capabilitas 9 1992 EEC - reciprontly of tech trans 4 June scence Advisor hosto masaic China - us delgation meeting 4 Fall Japanere visit 10 Jun29 Dr Joe De Sutter Military Assistant to the Director but now more Director Exampled Arms Control Expert manage - good relationships w/ NSC w/ostp day-to-day - need priority setters serious producties strengthen offer - get a vote Deborah Wince -Smith - longest term at 4 yrs - issue - plugged in $ Domestic Conncils longeturity of inject granp Policy Coordinator developer - rivalvy w/omB Pres. priorities set by the budget - understafting causing credi bility/implementate problem Under sure tolch & Scrence Commerci 10 Jan 89 Dr Rona CH NASA - dilemma aspirations us budget constraints short into - an verge of subcritical It not ready for Space Station Nat'll space Policy 4 - DOD can provide own Space - Space station - added planet bary Hyplovation 4 who sets priorites 4 fours an big projects Natural Acrospace plane 41 make projects more efficient OSTP Role: small but influential 1 objective servoc mat'l interest as derected by the Pres. arthenlate to agencies + wish List 1 Director's role should not change 2 more professional 5 staff 15130 B RAD to be 3 formal recognitions - must not nud to tight for this issentially involved - statuary members of councils - access of DOD Accountment ell terrance higher sophis ticution of missles 1550/16 3 long range natural security 5 trategy what 15 the backup of REY Sp Asst Bob POST 10 Jun 07 to the Dir. detailel from OMB 50% of work initiated by B.G. - Press briefing A It watnesses - need Better relatteenships w/ OMB - lack of budgetary understanding 74 staff subantical - may not Be atle for OSTA to patisfy Congressional take outers - trade off between Ex. branch & demands H Budget neclsoring but suffecent a OSTP to be more activitist global elmail > computitive cross agricy 133mls Hgt F1 90 budget 4 Check ng assum ptions on mujor project - SSC - Space station - human Emo Mission - Fy'90 Budget OSTP - NASA Beverly Berger 4 Life Scunces - damage limitation ( honest broker) avoiding on sub policy policy leacts - invited to most meetings 4 issues - int'l environmental - regulatory & biotch risk assessment - AIDS - tssues (org) preemin and of national security - Heh transfer still needed badly CSTP Jue DesulteR Ive PestteR 1-9-89 Executive PiRectoR of Lettsc d of OSTP been here about 2yr. CAre here to be military Allistant when Thopsan left assumed duties of Exec. PRICTOR of ustp. Rule of arilitary Assistant Well arms contRol expert for Graham estAblished close working relationships with NSC staff Cason OSTP to NSC staff Executive PaRector wore or less chef upeaty officer glogrAding is a real problem - Science Advisor is OEUB al OSTP is in new Execute office Bldg. * The PRicRty setting rule of OSTP ug to strengthen OSTR Special Assistant to Piozeiter Bas Poit Budget 1-10-89 - Detaile from omB Do 50% live work here since may Po 544 special prejects for Graham Weakness - lack of budgelary expertive. budget- Stademet of policy 4 prierties. OMB in MoRe driver seal the OSTP in terms of budget. USTP operate in a Valver & Congress disiving OSTP agenda - eponts - Questinst disners - testinary OUTP must respons to Congress this year ONP hading off oblivian - trevendes workbay proming 2 Bos Post 1/9/59 Fy 90 Bueget request 2.0 will this will bring Julget back to about where it was in 1998 Actual 1989 Budget Appropriation 1.57 willie Jack Sima Fellon former GM Man -Merchie tods, americance calrased Machine 05TP - farms at studies certain CRITICAL Nass of expertive tv understand the analysis Must prelsy issue (s) budget: MURE activist al uniner poole 3 * doesn't like prierty setting device 1-9-89 in typ damn FAshian like, priority setting more From bottom up. comats George He budget is a symptom of a (Agor problem FY 89 briget -OSTP is strapped need Yplenertal Ludget to get through How Dues 4K process work Joe Hizer Science Prejects PRiaP.ties Shttle Costs Michelle Usincleave 12/22 support the Pridet in S+T WATTERS support pet.y cerne-l PPC, EPC Advise OMB Acxisle office geared by the Presidet OSTP does Breifing the Press on SeT budget issues 10 Jeni th briefing a budget S+T Issues atp FederAl Budget what OSTP special Analysis J. reviews 9 nine persons permanently allined detailes for retuals persons 2 PAS P.Rector Deputy Ses (Ron- career) Midelle k. UAN Clear NO: 902000 DATE: 1/20/88 SPACE/NASA STATEMENT OF VICE PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH I am committed to reestablishing America as the world's leader in space. Americans are explorers -- we need to push back the frontier of our knowledge. Continued space exploration is vital to the nation's security and economic growth as well. The new technologies resulting from space experiments have produced dynamic improvements in fields such as electronics and medicine. Space exploration provides our children, the next generation of scientists and engineers, with a sense of vision to encourage their imaginations and energies. These are four specific aspects to my space program: - The federal government should get out of the business of being a freight service for routine commercial payloads. I want to encourage the development of -- not compete with -- private commercial space development. - I will create a National Space Council chaired by the Vice President and composed of the Secretaries of Commerce, Defense, State and Transportation as well as the Administrator of NASA. - I support construction of a replacement space shuttle and a heavy lift launch capability that will provide us with flexible, reliable access to space, and I've strongly supported the development of a space station. - I support "Mission to the Planet Earth" -- which is a project designed to establish platforms in space to observe climatic changes on earth. The information gained through this project will be of great value to farmers, fishermen, weathermen, scientists, all of us. ### Rule difficult l 2 PResidents Science Advisor HAts: 2 pirector of OSTP 3 Rule? (tonest broken in the Executive BSAnch use NSC as Modlel for OSTP Desorah wince conpetitiveness 1 Japanese all Andren about NSC Model & be is called to testify is Capell Pas/Las of mg plan Pro: Liser plger a inner circule (an: do staff or organizati inside to support what be dues. NO: 901000 DATE: 6/22/88 STATEMENT OF VICE PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH Science and Technology Technology is America's economic fountain of youth. It is what keeps us prosperous and vital. To stimulate our technological innovation: progress, we must adopt a program emphasizing We must commit to increasing our national investment in research and development. Both government and business must devote more resources to R&D. The federal government should increase its research and development investment; we should make the R&D tax credit permanent. To encourage innovation, we must strengthen intellectual property protection both at home and abroad. We must constantly oppose regulation which stifles competition, striving instead for innovative products and services. An illustrative example is the new biotechnology industry, which offers much promise in improved health care. American business needs to get closer to the source of American inventiveness. It should have closer partnerships with government and university labs, so business can better commercialize scientific advances. ### 1-10-99 kottehski \ 00 8.95 7326 give like 7 Perto2: 9:22 Port PictoR S RonA Pe 52 - 523- 4840 523-4840 $ 0 10:00 7 English 11:00 Ms.smill @ 366 /ive Resulter @ Aven Z-ou BeageR 3:00 BOS Post 1 B031702 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The vice president also toured the world's largest wind tunnel at NASA's Ames Research Center, where space agency officials briefed Bush and for the proposed space station. on current research and also pushed for an increase in the NASA budget "The space station is very important to us, " Bush said. "Obviously the thing is to get the space shuttle flying, and that will happen. Then we can move to the space station." 06/28/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL MOLINSKI, MICHAEL We should also concentrate on developing new markets for our farm products to aid at home. I am a tremendous believer in alcohol fuels not only corn farmers, but because of the enormous payoffs they bring -- in be through the use of alcohol fuels. The Administration's Task Force on only feasible way to reduce their carbon monoxide and ozone emissions will energy security and environmental quality. Many cities will find that the Regulatory Relief, which I am proud to chair, has very actively cleared away bureaucratic obstacles to that development. At the same time, we should take a serious look at the focus of our emphasis ot on increasing production. But increasing farmers' production does agricultural research efforts. For decades, we have put our primary lowering the cost it takes to produce a bushel of corn. necessarily increase farmers' profits. We should also concentrate on ***Bush's statement on Rebuilding Rural America, 07/31/87*** 07/31/87 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES B031702 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Bush goes him one better in space. On a campaign Administration swing through Alabama, he flight center in Huntsville that he approve The a George suggests to National Aeronautics and Space might workers mission at the to space Mars, which could cost a whopping $300 science billion. project Mr. vice manned president's science advisers can't name a single big Bush opposes. ***SKIPPED instance, PARAGRAPHS*** he advocates making the research-and-development And he backs tax For which could cost $800 million a year. about $500 an credit ambitious permanent, program to study the Earth from space, at a cost of JOURNAL million a year. 08/09/88 WALL STREET DAVIS, ROBERT And I want to prepare the way for future growth. I want to keep America in the forefront of innovation. That's why I want a permanent extension of the R&D tax credit. 09/13/88 '88 CAMPAIGN SPEECHES I've formulated a comprehensive policy for national energy security that includes: * Tax incentives for returning stripper wells to production and more R&D to encourage more secondary and tertiary recovery. * Tax credits for exploration and drilling. This will get the rig count and decrease our dependence on foreign oil. * up Liberalization of the intangible drilling cost provisions in the tax code. * Increasing the fill rate of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Decontrol of natural gas. The Democrat-controlled Congress has blocked * decontrol for too long -- and my opponent said in his book, "Massachusetts Miracle", that it must be a "priority" to "press for the reregulation of natural gas." 09/22/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES Bush promised to "make sure America remains the world's high-tech leader, saying he will make the research and development tax credit permanent, and seek government research and development authorization for five years and appropriations for two years at a time to provide for better long-range planning. "It will be tough with Congress, but I'm going to fight for that,' he said. He said private industry should decide which technologies have the most potential in the marketplace and merit further research and development. "Centralized planning leads only to centralized stagnation, " he said. "Entrepreneurs, not bureaucrats, are going to blaze America's trail to the future. 10/25/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL B031702 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT I think it's high time we got our energy, not just from the Middle East, but from the Middle West. And in the bargains, farmers can turn their crop surpluses into cash. Greater use of alternative fuels will be the centerpiece of my efforts to open new markets for America's crops, but there are many other exciting potential uses for our farm products. For example, we are already using corn starch to make biodegradable plastic and soybean oil to make packaging will create still other new markets. In the future, new printers ink. New food technology and production, processing and technology and education are the keys to keeping America's agricultural competitive edge. To be competitive today and tomorrow, we cannot rely on yesterday's technologies. And development and implementation of new technologies. as President, I will remain strongly in support of research, 07/11/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES million, the laboratory to the farm. Today, only about taking message telling me from about the job that so many of you do in going, were the I was profoundly impressed, what Earl and Jack Block is directed out of a billion dollars of agricultural research $50 My administration toward funding promising alternative products budget, mentioned. developing new markets for crops, some of which I've and would shift the focus to lowering production and uses. costs them And when we make advances in technology, just move as quickly as possible from the laboratory to the we farm. will 07/11/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES Later in the manned that Discovery's if he is triumphant elected day, he return Mr. will Bush commit by further telling the sought nation an audience to to take launching in advantage Redding, Calif., of the space station by 1996. an operational 10/04/88 WASHINGTON TIMES B031703 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.TECHNOLOGY I think it's high time we got our energy, not just from the Middle East, but from the Middle West. And in the bargains, farmers can turn their crop surpluses into cash. Greater use of alternative fuels will be the centerpiece of my efforts to open new markets for America's crops, but there are many other exciting potential uses starch to make biodegradable plastic and soybean oil to make for our farm products. For example, we are already using corn printers ink. New food technology and production, processing and technology and education are the keys to packaging will create still other new markets. In the future, new today and tomorrow, we cannot rely on yesterday's technologies. And keeping America's agricultural competitive edge. To be competitive development and implementation of new technologies. as President, I will remain strongly in support of research, 07/11/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES We're going to expand our efforts to make rural communities more attractive to industry. We're going to have to open the tax bill to do that, and we haven't been willing to do that in this administration because we wanted to settle down after that Tax Reform Act. But as I look at it, we should, in a very laser-like way, open up the whole tax structure so we can attract more industry to rural America. We're going to provide better education for our children, and continuing education for our farmers and ranchers, to help them adapt to these new technologies. For displaced farmers and their families, we've got to do a good job, a better job, on job retraining. I am very heartened by the economic statistics, in terms of the overall unemployment in this country. We've reached a brand new low. We've reached a high in terms of the greatest percentage of the work force at work than in any time in modern history, more Americans at work than at any time in American history. Things are good. People are optimistic. They say, "Yes, we are better off than we were, " and then they look into the future with typical American optimism, and they say, by something like six to one, "We are going to be better off tomorrow than we are today. " 07/11/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES I was profoundly impressed, what Earl and Jack Block message from the laboratory to the farm. Today, only about $50 telling me about the job that so many of you do in going, were taking the million, is directed out of a billion dollars of agricultural research budget, toward funding promising alternative products and My and administration would shift the focus to lowering production uses. costs mentioned. them And when we make advances in technology, we will move developing new markets for crops, some of which I've just as quickly as possible from the laboratory to the farm. 07/11/88 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES B031701 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.NASA president, that would give NASA a greater voice in administration decisions Bush also has pledged to create a National Space Council, led by his vice than the civilian agency has under the present structure. 05/27/88 ORLANDO SENTINEL on NASA's current Ames Research Center, where space agency officials briefed Bush at The vice president also toured the world's largest wind tunnel and for the research proposed and space also station. pushed for an increase in the NASA budget "The space station is very important to us, Bush said. happen. Then we can move to the space station. "Obviously the thing is to get the space shuttle flying, and that will 06/28/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL MOLINSKI, MICHAEL system. "long-term There is much manned and unmanned exploration George of urged In a Huntsville, commitment Ala., to speech, Vice President Bush a mission to Mars to be done--further exploration of the the moon, solar a 07/18/88 NEWSWEEK B031701 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.NASA The launch of the space shuttle Discovery also figured prominently in the 1988 campaign for the White House. Bush announced to wildly cheering supporters at a rally in St. Charles, Mo., that the shuttle had lifted off and he declared, "We're going to keep the edge in space. We're back! America is back!" 09/29/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL vice flag-draped president observation stand. "A great day for our country," the a "Just great, Bush said after watching the shuttle landing from its first added, standing front and center as the space campaigning concluded Bush mission since the Challenger disaster more than two program years later, saying he was proud to "welcome the space shuttle Discovery back hours to formally hailed the astronauts at a welcoming ceremony a few ago. earth, back to America, and back to the future." In his and prepared remarks, Bush thanked the astronauts, thanked the disaster you from above. " That reference to the victims of the cheering crews recalled the "seven departed friends, who will never be forgotten, support scripted to accentuate the positive. more than two years ago was the only somber note of a Challenger campaign day 10/03/88 ASSOCIATED PRESS The vice president, at a rally in the northern California been said, "The return of the shuttle, the return of America to space, town, has enormously moving for all of us." *********skipped paragraphs "I am convinced this is not only an adventure but responsibility, and one we shirk at our peril, he said. a president and would be composed of the heads of the departments Bush said the National Space Council would be headed by the vice recommendations He regarding specific directions for the future. Defense, State, Transportation, Commerce and of NASA, and would make of the goal a "feasible, sensible and worthy of a great nation." also called for an operational space station by 1996 and called 10/03/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL B031701 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. Hauck was first out of Discovery, smiling and waving a giant American flag. Vice President George Bush, NASA Administrator James Fletcher and Truly greeted the crew. At the afternoon welcoming ceremony, the crew thanked NASA, its contractors and the American public for making the mission a success. Bush said to the astronauts, "Thank you for putting America back in space. Thank you for reminding us that's where we belong. And thank you for all that unheralded hard work and thank you for your courage.' The vice president also invoked the names of the Challenger Seven. "Now, what was once remembered in sadness, is now relived in triumph. I can't help but think that just as you had millions cheering forgotten cheering for you from above." for you from below, you had seven departed friends who will never be 10/03/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL "When heroes return to a grateful nation, those who welcomed prepared remarks. often strain to come up with words that equal their deeds," said Bush them in hearts : Thank you for putting America back in space. Thank say, you for our "But is in this case that isn't possible, and all we can from reminding us that's where we belong." ***skipped paragraph*** ol' supported bird ever, said Bush. "You have shown that the shuttle ever is a and strong "You have proven " that the space program is stronger than more and that it could -- and should -- fly again. 10/04/88 BOSTON GLOBE turned safely today in "beautiful" shape, the - born-again EDWARDS home AIR and FORCE BASE, Calif. (UPI) With the shuttle Discovery Challenger to the future, its recovery from the shock space of the agency disaster finally over. ***SKIPPED PARAGRAPH*** American Fletcher and Truly greeted President the George crew. Bush, NASA Administrator waving giant James Hauck was flag. first Vice out of Discovery, smiling and a contractors At the afternoon welcoming ceremony, the crew thanked Bush said and to the the American public for making the mission NASA, its you in for all that you for reminding us that's where America back space. Thank astronauts, "Thank you for putting a success. The vice unheralded hard work and thank we belong. And thank triumph. I can't was once remembered in sadness, is now Challenger "Now, what president also invoked the names of you the for your courage.' Seven. forgotten for you from cheering below, help for you but you had think from seven above. that departed just as friends you had who millions relived will never in cheering be 10/04/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL B031702 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT "Technology is America's economic fountain of youth. It is what keeps uS prosperous and vital. To stimulate our technological progress, we should do the following: ---We must commit to increasing our national investment in research and development. Both government and business must devote more resources to R & D. The federal government should increase research and development investment even beyond the current strong levels. ---To encourage more business investment, we should make the R & D tax credit permanent. ---To encourage innovation, we should strengthen intellectual property protection both at home and abroad. " American business needs to get closer to the source of America's inventiveness. It should have closer partnerships with government labs and university labs, so business can better commercialize scientific advances." --St. Louis U., May 16, 1987 05/16/87 REPUBLICAN SPEECHES George Bush a one-time oilman - said in Morgantown, W.Va., that Americans have "gotten a little fat, dumb and happy in this country in terms of our relaxation in the face of our becoming increasingly dependent on foreign oil. People working in research institutes, pushing back the frontiers of human understanding, will have more of an impact on the 21st century than all of us down in Washington, D.C. 05/04/88 USA TODAY on NASA's current Ames Research Center, where space agency officials briefed tunnel at The vice president also toured the world's largest wind and for the research proposed and space also station. pushed for an increase in the NASA budget Bush "The space station is very important to us," Bush said. happen. "Obviously the thing is to get the space shuttle flying, and that will Then we can move to the space station.' 06/28/88 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL MOLINSKI, MICHAEL MEMORANDUM To: Richard English From: Brad Mitchell Re: Science and Technology Promises. Commitments O Establish the position of Assistant to the President for Science and Technology in the Executive Office of the President. Reinviçorate the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). Create a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists. engineers and distinguished executives from the private sector. O Proposed doubling the National Science Foundation's budget over the next five years. Key priority will be increased funding for retooling science and engineering labs at colleges and universities. O Supports making all federal R&D authorizations for 5 years and all federal R&D appropriations for 2 years. Believes study of the sciences should be part of every child's basic education. Supports increased funding for magnet schools (many emphasize science education). Believes science education must continue to be key priority for National Science Foundation. Supports efforts of states to enhance math and science education by developing alternative certification programs. Will convene White House Conference on Education placing special emphasis on math and science education. Will discuss and define the goals of our MBDD and science curricula. Supports making the R&D tax credit permanent. Supports cutting capital gains tax rate from 28 percent to 15 percent on all assets held more than one year. Encourages Partnerships for Progress -- partnerships between business, universities. and government to advance base building technologies. Committed to protecting American intellectual property rights both at home and abroad. Committed to increasing our national investment in research and development. Committed to expanding exports. Must streamline and strengthen export control system. O Will work with leaders of American high-tech industries to develop a coherent and comprehensive high-tech trade policy. O Will work to provide consistent economic incentives and regulatory reform to enhance the ability of American business to commercialize new ideas and new technologies. TOC LEADER DISTRIBUTION LIST Marshall Breger Lew Crampton Reid Detchon Carol Ford Eric Garfinkel Margaret Garikas Patricia Kearney Lynette Lenard Antonio Lopez Michael Marino Shellyn McCaffrey Brad Mitchell Gretchen Pagel Richard Porter Rob Quartel Mike Uhlmann December 4, 1988 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY Campaign commitments: Double National Science Foundation budget over five years. C Federal support will be concentrated on basic research. Federal government should not attempt central planning for American research. Make the Research and Development tax credit permanent. Cut capital gains tax rate to 15 percent. Seek government R&D authorizations for five years and appropriations for two years at a time. C Encourage cooperation between government, laboratories, and business. Protect intellectual property and see that American companies have Just as much access to foreign research projects as foreign companies have to ours. Reestablish the National Space Council, chaired by the Vice President. Support the Special Isotope Reactor at the Idano National Engineering Laboratory. 0 Upgrade position of science advisor to the President and make the new Assistant to the President a member of the Economic Policy Council and the national security planning process. Establish a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors. Support the "Mission to Planet Earth." Develop and deploy SDI. O Improve math and science education. O Increase funding for AIDS research Provide adequate funding for research into the causes of long-term chronic disability, like Alzheimer's alsease and strokes. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY (Questions for all science and technology appointments) 1. Should the Federal government emphasize basic scientific research in its funding of research? 2. How would you help resolve the tensions between scientists who work on defense-related projects and scientists who do not? Is there sufficient funding for both groups? 3. How, practically, can we build partnerships among government, business, and universities? 4. Should certain Federal grantees be prohibited from publishing the results of their research because of national security concerns? How would you decide which areas should be classified? How would you reconcile this with universities' belief in academic freedom? 5. Should we adopt a policy of reciprocity against countries that do not give American researchers the same access to their labs that we give to foreign researchers? 6. How can we encourage more young people to consider careers in science and engineering? 7. What steps can we take to ensure better quality in American products? Bush Quayle ****** EXCERPTS OF REMARKS FOR VICE PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH OHIO ASSOCIATION OF BROADCASTERS COLUMBUS, OHIO TUESDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1988 We have grown accustomec. in the political arena to speaking in the language of economics. We talk of Gross National Product, the consumer price index and the leading economic indicators. The economists sift and tally their numbers and present us with the facts of our economic existence. But I want to talk today about another kind of economic fact, one that is often overlooked by those numbers, but one that is, in many ways, more fundarental. Imagine a computer the size of a room, shrunk down to a size that will fit comfortably on your lap. Imagine today's super-ccmputer shrunk down SO that it fits on a single silicon chip -- this is the kind of Cramatic improvment the experts now predict. This is the computer revolution -- the positive explosion of productivity at the heart of our economy. It is accelerating the rocess of discovery, of innovation and charge and has helped give America, in these last eight years, one or the most remar able periods of creativity our economy has ever known. But the fundamental poi it I want to make today is this -- these dramatic breakthroughs don't only effect silicon valley or other high-tech centers, its effects are spreading throughout our economy. It is a mistake to segregate in one's mind "high tech" from the rest: of our industrial base. In fact, one of the most profounc: effects of this technological revolution is the revitalization of our traditional industries -- not replacement, but revitalization -- making cur products more competitive in global markets. Technology is America's economic fountain of youth. We are in a new era of American industry, where the "service sector" melds with the industrial sector to create modern manufacturing. Americans are taking America's high-tech advantage and putting it to work reshaping our factories to be more competitive in the new information age. Some of the most dramatic examples are right here in Ohio. -more- 733 15th Street, N.W. Suite 800 Washington, D.C. 20005 202/842-1988 Paid for by Bush-Quayle 88 2 There are so many succes es here in Ohio, its hard to pick just a few. For example, take American Steel and Wire Corporation in Cleveland, whi, h bought several of United States Steel's "moth balled" facilit. es and remodeled them with the latest steel technology. The are also paving the way to the future with an ambitious Employee Stock Ownership Plan -- in my view, sone of the best labor elations are when employees become owners. Take the Castite Corporation, also of Cleveland, whose President, Joan Lamson, persomifies American entrepreneurship. Utilizing a new technology that makes metal castings pressure-tight, she decided to start her own company -- and she took it to an inner-city community, hiring half of her employees from one of the roughest part of town. Meac Corporation in Dayton, a maker of paper products, is also utilizing new technology in their paper mills, as well as diversifying into, among othe: things, information services, with their dramatically successful "Lexis" and "Nexis." Employment at their information division has cone from roughly 490 employees in 1980 to over 2,400 today. It's this kind of restructuring that is putting new strength in the heartland's rebound and making the term "rustbelt" obsolete. A few numbers: unemployment, a painful 12.5 percent in Ohio during the recession, is now 5.9 percent -- still too high, but moving dramatically in the right direction. Throughout our nation's heartland, in almost every state, service sector and manufacturing employment has umped. In Iowa, manufacturing employmert is up 5 percent over last year, 10 percent over two years agc. Wisconsin's industrial employment is up four percent, Minnesota's 3.7 percent, Indiana's three percent. 26,000 new businesses sprang if in Ohio last year alone, creating many of the new jobs. I think we sometimes make the mistake of thinking of the high-tech, "service sectors" of our economy as being in competition with the industrial sectors. But the industrial revolution didn't replace agriculture. Its inventions, from John Deere's steel plow and Cyrus 1cCormick's reaper to the steam combine and now to today's most modern farm machinery only made agriculture hugely more productive and created new markets for its products -- and, not incidentally, raised living standards for all. In the same way, the high-tech revolution isn't replacing basic manufacturing, it's creating new markets and, by playing to America's greatest strengths -- entrepreneurship and innovation -- it's making American industry more competitive abroad. -more- 3 I have spent this campaign trying to delineate as clearly as I possibly can the profound cifferences between me and my opponent. On no issue are our two approaches more profoundly opposed, than on the question of how America must respond to this historic transformation as WE enter the new information age in a truly global economy. These next four to eight years are crucial. To a great extent they will determine whether the United States continues to lead the world through openness and innovation -- or falls behind, retreating into isolation, economic provincialism, and destructive policies that protect special interests. Let me take a moment to outline some of the principles and proposals a Bush administration will adopt to make sure America remains the world's high-tech leader. The federal investment in research and development should focus on basic research and allow the private sector also a tremendous source of basic R&D -- to decide which technologies will have the most potential in the marketplace. Centralized planning leads only to centralized stagnation. Entrepreneurs, not bureaucrats, are going to blaze America's trail to the future. Despite the extraordinary pressures on the budget, the Reagan/Bush administration has increased basic research funding by over 50 percent after adjusting for inflation. I will continue our strong support of federal investments in basic research, and I will make the Research and Development tax credit permanent. At the same time. I will seek government R&D authorizations for five years and appropriations for two years at a time -- SO that researchers in our businesses and universities have a more stable, consistent environment in which to plan. Improved commercialization is also vital. I will enhance the commercialization of new technologies by encouraging cooperation between laboratories and business. A Fush Administration will vigorously move to protect intellectual property in the world marketplace and see that American companies have just as much access to foreign research projects as foreign companies have to ours. I will upgrade the President's science advisor to Assistant to the Fresident and make him an active member of the Economic Policy Council and our national security planning processes. And I will create a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists, engineers and distinguished executives from the private sector. I will urge states and school boards to focus on science and math education from elementary grades to graduate school. Today, the United States awards about half the number of engineering -more- 4 degrees as Japan, per capita. It's estimated that by 1995, we will need 300,000 additional secondary-school math and science teachers. I've said before that I will call a conference of the nation's Governors to discuss the most urgent problems facing our schools, including curricula and achievement levels. One:of our tasks will be to set goals and timetables for improving Math and Science Education -- and I will encourage states to adopt Alternate Certification for Teachers, ACT, so that science and technology professionals, among others, can share their crucial knowledge with our nation's students. Finally, the United States government shouldn't, through misguided policies, put United States industry at a disadvantage. We must realize that American industry faces global competition. We need vigorous enforcement of our anti-trust laws to ensure fair play, but when we consider the range of competition, we must take into account that the marketplace has expanded enormously and that American business is in a race with foreign competitors. A Bush Administration will conduct a thorough review of anti-competitive laws and regulations and work with Congress to rewrite them as need be to give ourselves a level playing field -- while still protecting the American consumer. Pernaps most important of all, a Bush Administration will seek to cut the Capital Gains tax from 28 to 15 percent. Let's learn from history -- there is nothing more crucial than cutting the capital gains tax if we want to spur investment, innovation and jobs. My opponent says he wants American industry to be competitive -- yet most of our major competitors don't even have a capital gains tax. Japan coesn't have one. Neither do Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan or Singapore. Perhaps my opponent can explain why he wants to shackle America's entrepreneurs and businesses with a tax many of our foreign competitors don't have to contend with. Does my opponent really want to put American business at a disadvantage against its foreign competitors? He's the one that would prevent American industry from competing on a level playing field -- in fact, he's the one who would tip it in favor of our foreign competition. I have wondered if there is any rhyme or reason behind my opponent's fierce opposition to the capital gains tax cut. Every time we've cut it in the past, we've actually brought in more revenue because of increased investment and economic activity. That's history. That's fact. It's estimated that our cut would have zero revenue loss. So its not the effect on the deficit. -more- 5 I have come to the conclusion -- it is my belief -- that my opponent's economic polices cannot be understood as a rational approach to economic growth and the creation of jobs. He clings, despite all the evidence of the last two decades, to the discredited polices of high taxes and big government spending. It is my belief that my opponent is far outside the mainstream of economic thinking, and has broken with the American traditions of entrepreneurship and free enterprise. He advocates what is called an "industrial policy" -- which means having bureaucrats in Washington pick the winners and the losers, and that would simply make us all losers. Perhaps twenty or thirty years ago, I understand some people considered it reasonable tc believe such things. Today, it is quite simply irrational. Those policies have been tried, and they have failed. Dramaticaly. Across the Atlantic, the stagnation and high unemployment caused by high taxation and over-regulation was called the "European Disease." Here at home, I seem to remember, when we were moving that direction last time a tax-and-spend Governor was in the White House, we called it "malaise." Around the world, governments are abandoning socialism, in all its various guises and degrees, and embracing the American model of low taxation, entrepreneurship and individual initiative. Now is not the time to throw America's gears full speed in reverse back to the 1970s with policies that would stymie the competitive transformation of American industry taking place in America's heartland. I spoke of irrationality. I must say that I've been disturbed, as I've witnessed my opponent's campaign over the last several weeks, at the increasing appeals to class conflict. In my view, there is no place in American public life for philosophies that divide Americans one from another and that excite conflict among them. America will move forward together, or not at all. America will find her future by keeping with the traditions of her past -- traditions of openness, generosity and cooperation. We will move forward, not by succumbing to the base temptations of fear and envy, but by following, as Abraham Lincoln said, those "better Angels of our nature." The world today is in the midst of a profound transformation -- one so far-reaching in its consequences that past revolutions -- political, economic or scientific -- will all be dwarfed by comparison. -more- 6 Because this transformation encompasses all three. We are entering the information age at a time of sweeping change in the economic and political spheres, the decline of communism as an economic philosophy, and the tide of democratic governments that is changing the face of the world -- all based on the right of the individual to be, in Milton Friedman's resounding phrase, Free to Choose. America is uniquely suited to lead this world revolution to a new era of peace and prosperity. Founded in freedom, our nation is imbued with the spirit of enterprise, the torch of creativity that will light our way. As !-1 said earlier, these next four to eight years will be watershed years when we decice whether America goes forward as a leader, or slips back into the past. I am dedicated to expanding our economic freedom and unleashing the creativity of our entrepreneurs that is revitalizing American industry. I believe that America must lead the world in every field -- economic, political and scientific, or we will fall behind in all. I am proud to have worked with our great President and had the experience of helping to create six years of record setting economic growth, technological innovation and record setting employment. I have an optimistic faith in America and the limitless capabilities of its people who will carry those policies on to the future. Thank you all very much and God bless you. # # # # ** TOTAL PAGE. 006 ** ALJ MEMORANDUM To: Richard English From: Brad Mitchell Re: Science and Technology Promises, Commitments Establish the position of Assistant to the President for Science and Technology in the Executive Office of the President. Reinvigorate the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). Create a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists, engineers and distinguished executives from the private sector. X Proposed doubling the National Science Foundation's budget over the next five years. Key priority will be increased funding for retooling science and engineering labs at colleges and universities. X Supports making all federal R&D authorizations for 5 years and all federal R&D appropriations for 2 years. X Believes study of the sciences should be part of every child's basic education. Supports increased funding for magnet schools (many emphasize science education). Believes science education must continue to be key priority for National Science Foundation. A Supports efforts of states to enhance math and science education by developing alternative certification programs. Will convene White House Conference on Education placing special emphasis on math and science education. Will discuss and define the goals of our math and science curricula. Supports making the R&D tax credit permanent. Supports cutting capital gains tax rate from 28 percent to 15 percent on all assets held more than one year. Encourages Partnerships for Progress - - partnerships between business, universities, and government to advance base building technologies. Committed to protecting American intellectual property rights both at home and abroad. Committed to increasing our national investment in research and development. Committed to expanding exports. x Must streamline and strengthen export control system. Will work with leaders of American high-tech industries to develop a coherent and comprehensive high-tech trade policy. X Will work to provide consistent economic incentives and regulatory reform to enhance the ability of American business to commercialize new ideas and new technologies. TOC LEADER DISTRIBUTION LIST Marshall Breger Lew Crampton Reid Detchon Carol Ford Eric Garfinkel Margaret Garikas Patricia Kearney Lynette Lenard Antonio Lopez Michael Marino Shellyn McCaffrey Brad Mitchell Gretchen Pagel Richard Porter Rob Quartel Mike Uhlmann December 4, 1988 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY Campaign commitments: O Double National Science Foundation budget over five years. () Federal support will be concentrated on basic research. C Federal government should not attempt central planning for American research. 0 Make the Research and Development tax credit permanent. O Cut capital gains tax rate to 15 percent. C Seek government R&D authorizations for five years and appropriations for two years at 3 time. C Encourage cooperation between government, laboratories, and business. () Protect intellectual property and see that American companies have Just as much access to foreign research projects as foreign companies nave to ours. 0 Reestablish the National Space Council, chaired by the Vice President. 0 Support the Special Isotope Reactor at the Idano National Engineering Laboratory. () Upgrade position of science advisor to the President and make the new Assistant to the President a member of the Economic Policy Council and the national security planning process. 0 Establish a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors. 0 Support the "Mission = Planet Earth." O Develop and deploy SDI. O Improve math and science education. 0 Increase funding for AIDS research 0 Provide adequate funding for research into the causes C = long-term chronic disability like Alzneimer's lisease and strokes. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY (Questions for all science and technology appointments) 1. Should the Federal government emphasize basic scientific research in its funding of research? 2. How would you help resolve the tensions between scientists who work on defense-related projects and scientists who do not? Is there sufficient funding for both groups? 3. How, practically, can we build partnerships among government, business, and universities? 4. Should certain Federal grantees be prohibited from publishing the results of their research because of national security concerns? How would you decide which areas should be classified? How would you reconcile this with universities' belief in academic freedom? 5. Should we adopt a policy of reciprocity against countries that do not give American researchers the same access to their labs that we give to foreign researchers? 6. How can we encourage more young people to consider careers in science and engineering? 7. What steps can we take to ensure better quality in American products? THE WHITE HOUSE SCIENCE COUNCIL Dr. Solomon J. Buchsbaum, Chairman Executive Vice President Customer Systems AT&T Bell Laboratories Holmdel, New Jersey Dr. Edward A. Frieman, Vice Chairman Director Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California Dr. Harold M. Agnew GA Technologies, Inc. San Diego, California William G. Anlyan, M.D. Chancellor Duke University Durham, North Carolina Dr. D. Allan Bromley Henry Ford II Professor Physics Department Yale University New Haven, Connecticut Dr. Edward E. David, Jr. EED, Inc. Bedminster, New Jersey Dr. John M. Deutch Provost Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts Dr. William L. Fisher Chairman, Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas Austin, Texas Donald S. Fredrickson, M.D. DSF Associates, Inc. Bethesda, Maryland Dr. Ralph E. Gomory Senior Vice President for Science and Technology IBM Corporation Armonk, New York Bernadine P. Healy, M.D. Chairman of the Research Institute The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy Assistant Secretary for External Affairs Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. Mr. Sanford N. McDonnell Chairman Emeritus McDonnell Douglas Corporation St. Louis, Missouri Mr. David Packard Chairman of the Board Hewlett-Packard Company Palo Alto, California Dr. Isadore M. Singer Institute Professor Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts Dr. Edward Teller Lawrence Livermore Laboratory University of California Livermore, California and Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace Stanford, California Dr. Dean A. Watkins Chairman and Director Watkins-Johnson Company Palo Alto, California January 1989