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Science Technology & Innovation Fact Sheet
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Science Technology & Innovation Fact Sheet
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: 2005-0336-F 2005-0336-F FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Policy Development, White House Office of Series: Mead, Emily, Files Subseries: OA/ID Number: 23351 Folder ID Number: 23351-055 Folder Title: Science Technology & Innovation Fact Sheet Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 18 7 7 1 0+3 Bush Quayle * * * ****** 10/25/88 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FACT SHEET Today, America stands as the freest, the fairest, the most productive nation on the face of the earth. That's how George Bush wants America to enter the 21st Century -- on the leading edge. To maintain our technological edge, we must make a national commitment to the best education and the strongest competitive spirit in the world. Technology is the key to the future, but people are the key to technology. As we move into the 1990s and the 21st century, George Bush believes that America's economic success and national security depend to an ever greater extent on our scientific and technological progress. Technology is America's economic fountain of youth. Technology has created productivity growth in both the service sector and the industrial sector. Flexible manufacturing systems and numerically controlled machining depend on sophisticated computer software and skilled people. Never before has such a symbiotic relationship existed between the service sector and the manufacturing. industrial sector to produce technological breakthroughs in Scientific and technological adyancement has always been at the very heart of our nation's pioneer spirit, pushing the boundaries of our knowledge, creating economic opportunity and increasing our standard of living. It is the spirit that drove Henry Ford, that soared with the Wright brothers, and it is the spirit that enabled Americans to walk on the moon. A hero of the 19th century, Thomas Edison, inventor, technician and entreprenuer, embodied the pioneer spirit. The pioneer spirit pushed George Washington Carver, scientist and educator, to make advances of world renown in agricultural research. The pioneer spirit carried Sally Ride, physicist, astronaut and explorer, into space in the 20th century. The 21st century will demand even more challènge. of America's pioneer spirit. We must be prepared to step up to the THE REAGAN-BUSH RECORD Growth in research and development. The percentage of our gross national product dedicated to research and development is now at its highest level since the late 1960s. Since 1981, the Reagan-Bush Administration has increased funding for basic research - 1 - 733 15th Street, N.W. Suite 800 Washington DC 20005 202/842-1988 by over 50 percent, after adjusting for inflation. Industry and government will spend $132 billion on research and development (R&D) in 1988, an increase of 131 percent since 1980. Establishment of new research centers. The Reagan-Bush Administration has started creating university-based, interdisciplinary research centers in engineering, science, and technology. These centers bring the federal government, industry and university labs together to promote the long-term competitiveness of the American economy. Advances have been made in manufacturing and biotechnology; others will follow. THE BUSH PHILOSOPHY policy in a Bush Administration: The following principles would guide science and technology O Federal government investment in R&D should focus on basic research. The private sector has the best incentives for marketplace. deciding which technologies will have the most potential in the O The federal government should ensure that the rules of the game are fair in the global market. It is up to the federal government to ensure that American intellectual property is protected in world markets and that American companies have as much access to foreign research projects as foreign companies have to American research projects. O There are many active players in R&D in the United States -- federal government, state governments, national laboratories, university laboratories, and business. The federal government should not attempt any kind of central planning of American research activity. However, the federal government should promote greater cooperation among these different groups. CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE George Bush believes science and technology forms the foundation of economic power -- the power to create value. George Bush believes that the combination of dedicated, skilled people and technological advancement can improve our standard of living and our competitive position in the global marketplace. - 2 - George Bush will focus on four priorities critical to America's technological advancement and economic growth: Strengthening Federal Science and Technology Policy Improving Math and Science Education Encouraging Private Sector Investment Promoting Commercialization of Technological Breakthroughs THE BUSH PLAN THE ROAD TO INNOVATION AND WORLD LEADERSHIP Strengthening Federal Science and Technology Policy o George Bush will upgrade the President's Science Advisor to Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and reinvigorate the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). George Bush will also seek advice on science and technological matters from the private sector. George Bush will create a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists, engineers and distinguished executives from the private sector. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology will report directly to the President and be an active member of interagency policy groups such as the Economic Policy Council and will also be involved with the national security planning process. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology will head the Office of Science and Technology Policy and be responsible for developing, and coordinating a federal science and technology strategy. George Bush believes an integrated approach is needed to better manage the federal science and technology process. George Bush will seek the active involvement of a diverse group of American scientists and engineers in this process. George Bush believes we need an overview of the entire federal R&D picture. He also believes a stronger OSTP is needed, one that can coordinate the President's federal science and technology policy among agencies. OSTP should be able to perform analyses and help prepare budgets on an across-the-board basis. O George Bush proposes to double the National Science Foundation's budget over the next five years. George Bush supports both large and small science projects. He will consider a key priority of the National Science Foundation's increased funding the retooling of science and engineering labs at colleges and universities. - 3 - O George Bush supports making all federal R&D authorizations for 5 years and all federal R&D appropriations for 2 years to provide greater certainty to laboratories. Currently, the federal government typically provides R&D authorizations for only 1-3 years and appropriates funds for only 1 year. However, R&D projects have long time horizons -- 5, 10, or even 15 years long. Universities, businesses, and government labs need more assurance of federal R&D funding in future years to plan projects better. Improving Math and Science Education We must redouble our efforts in science and technology by focusing on developing the core of people needed to continue pushing the nation forward. Too many elementary schools graduate children who have not learned basic skills, especially in math and science. Today's and tomorrow's production workers need the right mathematics and science background to operate computers and sophisticated machinery. By 1995 the United States will need an estimated 300,000 additional secondary-school math and science teachers. Fifty years ago a production worker could get by having only arithmetic. But the operator of a sophisticated robot needs to know algebra and basic physics. In our colleges and universities we need improvement and expansion in science and engineering. We need better trained college graduates to satisfy our economy's expanding needs for engineers, physicists, chemists, and computer professionals. Foreign students represent about 40 percent of enrollments in U.S. graduate schools of engineering. George Bush knows that better science education is needed for our young people in order to prepare them for jobs which are increasingly technical. Science education is an integral part of George Bush's education policy: o George Bush believes study of the sciences should be part of every child's basic education; he believes all students -- whether in academic or vocational-technical programs -- should graduate with an understanding of scientific principles and their application. O George Bush supports increased funding for magnet schools, recognizing that many of them emphasize science education. o George Bush believes that support for science education must continue to be a key priority for the National Science Foundation. O George Bush knows that in many states, teachers who are trained in the sciences and in mathematics are hard to find. He supports efforts of states to enhance math and science education by developing alternative certification programs which can bring distinguished professionals with strong backgrounds in the sciences to the classroom. - 4 - o George Bush will convene a White House Conference on Education placing special emphasis on math and science education. George Bush and the governors from the 50 states will discuss and define the goals of our Math and Science curricula. Encouraging Private Sector Investment We must ensure the economy provides a climate which encourages businesses to take economic risks and invest in new, bold technologies. George Bush understands how important a strong economy is to technological advancement. During the late 1970's, industry did not find it profitable to invest in new technology. High interest rates and high inflation squelched investment and modernization. The Reagan-Bush Administration cut interest rates in half and slashed inflation by two-thirds. George Bush will work hard to keep interest rates low and to ensure incentives are in place for the private sector to fund a high level of advanced research. O George Bush will make the R&D tax credit permanent. Instead of just extending the 20 percent R&D tax credit for short periods of time as Congress has done over the past several years, George Bush supports making the tax credit permanent to provide a stable economic environment for American business. O George Bush supports cutting the capital gains tax rate from 28 percent to 15 percent on all assets held more than one year. We have seen countless examples like Silicon Valley in California and Route 128 around Boston of what cutting the capital gains tax rate can do to stimulate entrepreneurship. Many of our most important technological developments have taken place in small, start-up firms. There is no more powerful incentive for individuals to start up a business than a low capital gains tax rate. Promoting Commercialization of Technological Breakthroughs George Bush will enhance the ability of American business to commercialize new ideas and new technologies. The commercialization of technology requires consistent economic incentives, regulatory reform and a coordinated approach to federal science and technology policy making. O George Bush supports and encourages Partnerships for Progress -- partnerships between business, universities, and government to advance base-building technologies and the rapid transfer of new knowledge from laboratory to marketplace. o George Bush is committed to working vigorously in international negotiations, especially the new round of multilateral trade negotiations, to ensure that American intellectual property rights are protected. - 5 - Bush Quayle ***** ****** 10/25/88 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FACT SHEET Today, America stands as the freest, the fairest, the most productive nation on the face of the earth. That's how George Bush wants America to enter the 21st Century -- on the leading edge. To maintain our technological edge, we must make a national commitment to the best education and the strongest competitive spirit in the world. Technology is the key to the future, but people are the key to technology. As we move into the 1990s and the 21st century, George Bush believes that America's economic success and national security depend to an ever greater extent on our scientific and technological progress. Technology is America's economic fountain of youth. Technology has created productivity growth in both the service sector and the industrial sector. Flexible manufacturing systems and numerically controlled machining depend on sophisticated computer software and skilled people. Never before has such a symbiotic relationship existed between the service sector and the industrial sector to produce technological breakthroughs in manufacturing. Scientific and technological adyancement has always been at the very heart of our nation's pioneer spirit, pushing the boundaries of our knowledge, creating economic opportunity and increasing our standard of living. It is the spirit that drove Henry Ford, that soared with the Wright brothers, and it is the spirit that enabled Americans to walk on the moon. A hero of the 19th century, Thomas Edison, inventor, technician and entreprenuer, embodied the pioneer spirit. The pioneer spirit pushed George Washington Carver, scientist and educator, to make advances of world renown in agricultural research. The pioneer spirit carried Sally Ride, physicist, astronaut and explorer, into space in the 20th century. The 21st century will demand even more of America's pioneer spirit. We must be prepared to step up to the challenge. THE REAGAN-BUSH RECORD Growth in research and development. The percentage of our gross national product dedicated to research and development is now at its highest level since the late 1960s. Since 1981, the Reagan-Bush Administration has increased funding for basic research - 1 - 733 15th Street, N.W. Suite 800 Washington. D.C. 20005 202/842-1988 by over 50 percent, after adjusting for inflation. Industry and government will spend $132 billion on research and development (R&D) in 1988, an increase of 131 percent since 1980. Establishment of new research centers. The Reagan-Bush Administration has started creating university-based, interdisciplinary research centers in engineering, science, and technology. These centers bring the federal government, industry and university labs together to promote the long-term competitiveness of the American economy. Advances have been made in manufacturing and biotechnology; others will follow. THE BUSH PHILOSOPHY The following principles would guide science and technology policy in a Bush Administration: O Federal government investment in R&D should focus on basic research. The private sector has the best incentives for deciding which technologies will have the most potential in the marketplace. The federal government should ensure that the rules of the game are fair in the global market. It is up to the federal government to ensure that American intellectual property is protected in world markets and that American companies have as much access to foreign research projects as foreign companies have to American research projects. There are many active players in R&D in the United States -- federal government, state governments, national laboratories, university laboratories, and business. The federal government should not attempt any kind of central planning of American research activity. However, the federal government should promote greater cooperation among these different groups. CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE George Bush believes science and technology forms the foundation of economic power -- the power to create value. George Bush believes that the combination of dedicated, skilled people and technological advancement can improve our standard of living and our competitive position in the global marketplace. - 2 - George Bush will focus on four priorities critical to America's technological advancement and economic growth: Strengthening Federal Science and Technology Policy Improving Math and Science Education Encouraging Private Sector Investment Promoting Commercialization of Technological Breakthroughs THE BUSH PLAN THE ROAD TO INNOVATION AND WORLD LEADERSHIP Strengthening Federal Science and Technology Policy O George Bush will upgrade the President's Science Advisor to Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and reinvigorate the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). George Bush will also seek advice on science and technological matters from the private sector. George Bush will create a President's Council of Science and Technology Advisors, composed of leading scientists, engineers and distinguished executives from the private sector. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology will report directly to the President and be an active member of interagency policy groups such as the Economic Policy Council and will also be involved with the national security planning process. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology will head the Office of Science and Technology Policy and be responsible for developing, and coordinating a federal science and technology strategy. George Bush believes an integrated approach is needed to better manage the federal science and technology process. George Bush will seek the active involvement of a diverse group of American scientists and engineers in this process. George Bush believes we need an overview of the entire federal R&D picture. He also believes a stronger OSTP is needed, one that can coordinate the President's federal science and technology policy among agencies. OSTP should be able to perform analyses and help prepare budgets on an across-the-board basis. O George Bush proposes to double the National Science Foundation's budget over the next five years. George Bush supports both large and small science projects. He will consider a key priority of the National Science Foundation's increased funding the retooling of science and engineering labs at colleges and universities. - 3 - O George Bush supports making all federal R&D authorizations for 5 years and all federal R&D appropriations for 2 years to provide greater certainty to laboratories. Currently, the federal government typically provides R&D authorizations for only 1-3 years and appropriates funds for only 1 year. However, R&D projects have long time horizons -- 5, 10, or even 15 years long. Universities, businesses, and government labs need more assurance of federal R&D funding in future years to plan projects better. Improving Math and Science Education We must redouble our efforts in science and technology by focusing on developing the core of people needed to continue pushing the nation forward. Too many elementary schools graduate children who have not learned basic skills, especially in math and science. Today's and tomorrow's production workers need the right mathematics and science background to operate computers and sophisticated machinery. By 1995 the United States will need an estimated 300,000 additional secondary-school math and science teachers. Fifty years ago a production worker could get by having only arithmetic. But the operator of a sophisticated robot needs to know algebra and basic physics. In our colleges and universities we need improvement and expansion in science and engineering. We need better trained college graduates to satisfy our economy's expanding needs for engineers, physicists, chemists, and computer professionals. Foreign students represent about 40 percent of enrollments in U.S. graduate schools of engineering. George Bush knows that better science education is needed for our young people in order to prepare them for jobs which are increasingly technical. Science education is an integral part of George Bush's education policy: O George Bush believes study of the sciences should be part of every child's basic education; he believes all students -- whether in academic or vocational-technical programs -- should graduate with an understanding of scientific principles and their application. O George Bush supports increased funding for magnet schools, recognizing that many of them emphasize science education. O George Bush believes that support for science education must continue to be a key priority for the National Science Foundation. O George Bush knows that in many states, teachers who are trained in the sciences and in mathematics are hard to find. He supports efforts of states to enhance math and science education by developing alternative certification programs which can bring distinguished professionals with strong backgrounds in the sciences to the classroom. - 4 - O George Bush will convene a White House Conference on Education placing special emphasis on math and science education. George Bush and the governors from the 50 states will discuss and define the goals of our Math and Science curricula. Encouraging Private Sector Investment We must ensure the economy provides a climate which encourages businesses to take economic risks and invest in new, bold technologies. George Bush understands how important a strong economy is to technological advancement. During the late 1970's, industry did not find it profitable to invest in new technology. High interest rates and high inflation squelched investment and modernization. The Reagan-Bush Administration cut interest rates in half and slashed inflation by two-thirds. George Bush will work hard to keep interest rates low and to ensure incentives are in place for the private sector to fund a high level of advanced research. O George Bush will make the R&D tax credit permanent. Instead of just extending the 20 percent R&D tax credit for short periods of time as Congress has done over the past several years, George Bush supports making the tax credit permanent to provide a stable economic environment for American business. O George Bush supports cutting the capital gains tax rate from 28 percent to 15 percent on all assets held more than one year. We have seen countless examples like Silicon Valley in California and Route 128 around Boston of what cutting the capital gains tax rate can do to stimulate entrepreneurship. Many of our most important technological developments have taken place in small, start-up firms. There is no more powerful incentive for individuals to start up a business than a low capital gains tax rate. Promoting Commercialization of Technological Breakthroughs George Bush will enhance the ability of American business to commercialize new ideas and new technologies. The commercialization of technology requires consistent economic incentives, regulatory reform and a coordinated approach to federal science and technology policy making. O George Bush supports and encourages Partnerships for Progress -- partnerships between business, universities, and government to advance base-building technologies and the rapid transfer of new knowledge from laboratory to marketplace. O George Bush is committed to working vigorously in international negotiations, especially the new round of multilateral trade negotiations, to ensure that American intellectual property rights are protected. - 5 -