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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Draft Files Subseries: Chron File, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13520 Folder ID Number: 13520-012 Folder Title: Engineering Awards 2/20/90 [OA 4728] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 25 6 7 5 THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release February 20, 1990 REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT UPON PRESENTATION OF THE CHARLES STARK DRAPER PRIZE FOR ENGINEERING The State Department Washington, D.C. 8:50 P.M. EST THE PRESIDENT: Thank you all. Thank you, Jack. I got worried there when Jack was saying when we want somebody that is well known to present the prize, I was thinking Barbara's not here. (Laughter.) But, Jack, thank you for those very kind remarks. To our honorees, Kilby and Noyce; and to Ambassador Dubinin, our Soviet Ambassador here who's doing such a good job for his country; and Dr. White; Dr. Charyk; and my old friend, Dr. Seamans; also another old friend, Steve Bechtel; Mr. Morrow; and the Undersecretary Selin; and Don Atwood here from the Defense Department. And members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineering. I'm reminded of the famous story of the guy that called the insurance company after it closed one evening. A voice answered and he said, "sir, I'd like to talk to you about converting my 20 pay life into the cash value immediately. And further, I've heard more about your key man insurance that insures the very key people, and we'd like a little more information on that. And lastly, we have this family -- I have six kids and we want a family health plan." The voice on the other end said, "Look," he said, "I'm the janitor around here just cleaning up, and after I said hello that's all I know at all about insurance." I feel the same way about engineering here tonight -- (laughter) -- surrounded by all this brain power. It's overwhelming. But I am pleased to be here. I deem it a very great pleasure to help honor and celebrate National Engineers Week. And, of course, it is an honor to salute the first two recipients of this, engineerings highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. Let me begin with a story that will show you my understanding of engineering, that I see it. It concerns three men that were scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guillotine and the blade went two-thirds of the way down the track and then stopped. The man was set free. Next, the politican. When the guillotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. Finally, came the third man, the engineer, and he focused on the matter at hand. "I think that guillotine has a problem," he told the executioner, "but don't worry I think I have the solution." (Laughter.) I say that with respect -- (laughter) -- but as you see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost -- (laughter) -- they keep aiming for perfection. And they' helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration, opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future, but reinvented it. MORE - 2 - Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce. And their landmark work, the microchip, an invention which has already taken its place among the greatest of all time. Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PACMAN was a hiker, not a video game. The microchip came along and changed all of that and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room shrunk down to the size that fits on your lap -- the microchip made all that possible. Or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of a wristwatch. Think, finally, of our planet, and how the microchip has stirred the new breeze of democracy. Maybe it's a good day to salute that because today the President of Czechoslavakia Vaclav Havel came over to the Oval Office and then was our guest at the White House for lunch. And what a stirring moment -- I'll just divert for one second -- I took him up to the Lincoln bedroom, which is not normally the thing when you have these official visits. But I wanted him to see the room in which Abraham Lincoln had signed the Emancipation Proclamation. And I think I detected tears in his eyes, this playwright who not so many month ago was in jail and here he is the President of a fine, new, burgeoning democratic country. It was a very moving experience. As I talked with him, I thought of how images of the past year have linked the peoples of Prague and Warsaw and Budapest and Berlin. Images of bravery and defiance -- of humanity's quest for freedom. And it was the microchip which carried them from one nation to another, becoming an instrument of liberty, the symbol in this information age. Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de-industrialize, but reindustrialize. To paraphrase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs, for engineering is always a beginning, never a consummation. I know that the National Academy of Engineering shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness, and is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public equation -- policy equation. Our administration agrees, and so, supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We've asked for a record high $71 billion for R&D in our budget for Fiscal 1991. And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we've introduced a National Science Scholars Initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, math, and engineering. And I have announced an ambitious goal, one of our national goals reached after great consultation with the governors -- but one, a goal that we can achieve -- that U.S. students will be number one by the year 2000. You can tell -- I hope you can tell from looking around, that I have great respect for people who have an understanding of science. Jim Watkins is a member of our Cabinet, Secretary of Energy; I'm pleased to see Dr. Bromley here; and Secretary Rice; and, of course, my own Chief of Staff John Sununu, such a man -- engineer. Yet, ultimately, I am convinced -- not that we duck our responsibility in the federal government -- but ultimately, I am convinced that it is the private sector that not only has shaped American opportunity, but will continue to bring opportunity to the new millennium. Look at -- Jack, I don't want to embarrass you -- but MORE - 3 - look at GE, spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And a $20 million commitment to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. or Mobil -- launching great programs -- grant programs to help students enhance America's technological ability. I know that I'm going to, just through omission, risk embarrassing others because so many in this room are responsible for programs of this nature. These efforts, both private and public, will sustain the computer revolution, for they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "to the advancement of engineering and the well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future, and yet at the same time a practical man. I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. "I would take the fire,' he replied. (Laughter.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering, which explains in turn the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said, "Only men who are free create the inventions and intellectual works which make life worthwhile." Working in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- to make history move his way. This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Prize. And say thank them, thanks to both of you for your inspirational leadership. Thank you all, and God bless the United States of America. Thank you very much. (Applause.) END 8:54 P.M. EST ENGINEERING AWARDS / TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT / 8:45 P.M. MR. WELCH. MR. KILBY AND DR. NOYCE. DR. WHITE, DR. CHARYK [CHAIR-IK], DR. SEAMANS, MR. BECHTEL, MR. MORROW. UNDERSECRETARY SELIN, AMBASSADOR DUBININ. MEMBERS AND GUESTS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING. LADIES AND GENTLEMEN. THANK YOU, JACK, FOR THAT INTRODUCTION, AND FOR YOUR WARM RECEPTION. - 2 - ((You KNOW, AS A BOY I USED To DREAM OF BEING AN ENGINEER. IN FACT, WHEN ONE OF MY GRANDKIDS HEARD I WAS ADDRESSING AN AUDIENCE OF MY HEROES, HE SAID, "COULD YOU BRING BACK ONE OF THOSE NEAT STRIPED HATS THEY WEAR?")) // WELL, TONIGHT LET THERE BE NO CONFUSION. - 3 - IT IS INDEED A PLEASURE TO BE WITH YOU DURING NATIONAL ENGINEERS WEEK. AND TO SALUTE THE FIRST TWO RECIPIENTS OF ENGINEERING'S HIGHEST INTERNATIONAL AWARD, THE CHARLES STARK DRAPER PRIZE. ((LET ME BEGIN WITH A STORY WHICH I THINK CAPTURES THE SPIRIT OF THIS EVENING. IT CONCERNS THREE MEN SCHEDULED TO BE EXECUTED ON THE SAME DAY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. ONE WAS A LAWYER, ANOTHER A POLITICIAN, THE THIRD AN ENGINEER. - 4 - ((FIRST, CAME THE LAWYER. HE PUT HIS HEAD IN THE GUILOTINE -- AND THE BLADE WENT TWO-THIRDS OF THE WAY DOWN THE TRACK, THEN STOPPED. THE MAN WAS SET FREE. // NEXT, CAME THE POLITICIAN. WHEN THE GUILOTINE STOPPED SHORT OF HIS HEAD, HE, Too, WAS SPARED. // FINALLY, CAME THE THIRD MAN -- AND TYPICALLY, THE ENGINEER FOCUSED ON THE PROBLEM, NOT HIMSELF. "THAT GUILOTINE," HE TOLD THE FOREMAN, "I THINK I HAVE THE ANSWER.")) // - 5 - As YOU CAN SEE, ENGINEERS JUST CAN'T HELP THEMSELVES -- WHATEVER THE COST, THEY KEEP AIMING FOR PERFECTION. AND THEY HAVE HELPED MAKE OUR CENTURY A TIME OF EXTRAORDINARY EXPLORATION. OPENING DOORS INTO AN AGE WHERE MANKIND NOT ONLY MOVED INTO THE FUTURE -- BUT RE-INVENTED IT. TONIGHT, WE HONOR JACK KILBY AND BoB NOYCE. // AND THEIR LANDMARK WORK -- THE MICROCHIP -- AN INVENTION WHICH HAS ALREADY TAKEN ITS PLACE AMONG THE GREATEST OF ALL TIME. // -6 - NOT TO DATE MYSELF, BUT WHEN I WAS GROWING UP, PAC-MAN WAS A HIKER, NOT A VIDEO GAME. // THE MICROCHIP HAS CHANGED ALL THAT -- AND HELPED AMERICA CHANGE THE WORLD. THINK, FOR EXAMPLE, OF A COMPUTER THE SIZE OF A ROOM -- SHRUNK DOWN TO A SIZE THAT FITS ON YOUR LAP. THE MICROCHIP MADE IT POSSIBLE. OR A CALCULATOR SLASHED FROM THE SIZE OF A REFRIGERATOR TO THE SIZE OF THIS WATCH. [HOLD UP ARM WITH WATCH] - 7 - THINK, FINALLY, OF OUR PLANET. AND HOW THE MICROCHIP HAS STIRRED THE NEW BREEZE OF DEMOCRACY. // TODAY, THE PRESIDENT OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA, VACLAV HAVEL, VISITED THE WHITE HOUSE. AND AS WE TALKED, I THOUGHT OF HOW IMAGES OF THE PAST YEAR HAVE LINKED THE PEOPLES OF PRAGUE AND WARSAW, BUDAPEST AND BERLIN. IMAGES OF BRAVERY AND DEFIANCE -- OF HUMANITY'S QUEST FOR FREEDOM. - 8 - AND IT WAS THE MICROCHIP WHICH CARRIED THEM FROM ONE NATION TO ANOTHER -- BECOMING AN INSTRUMENT OF LIBERTY AND THE SYMBOL OF THE INFORMATION AGE. // INTEGRATED CIRCUITS HAVE ENABLED US TO DO THE UNIMAGINABLE. Now, IT IS UNIMAGINABLE TO BELIEVE WE COULD EVER LIVE WITHOUT THEM. ALREADY, THE MICROCHIP HAS HELPED AMERICA NOT TO DE-INDUSTRIALIZE -- BUT RE-INDUSTRIALIZE. To PARAPHASE CHURCHILL, NEVER HAS SOMETHING so SMALL DONE so MUCH FOR SO MANY. // - 9 - YET REMEMBER, Too, THAT IF WE ARE TO LEAD THE WORLD, WE MUST PROVIDE THAT WORLD WITH FURTHER BREAKTHROUGHS. FOR ENGINEERING IS "ALWAYS A BEGINNING, NEVER A CONSUMMATION." // I KNOW THAT THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING SHARES THIS BELIEF. So IT HAS STUDIED HOW AMERICA'S ENGINEERING TALENT ENHANCES OUR COMPETITIVENESS. AND IS EXPLORING NEW WAYS TO PROTECT THE GLOBE FROM ENVIRONMENTAL ABUSE. // - 10 - You REALIZE THAT TRULY INFORMED DECISIONS ON ISSUES LIKE CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRE US TO BETTER INTEGRATE SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENGINEERING INTO THE PUBLIC POLICY EQUATION. // OUR ADMINISTRATION AGREES -- AND so SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN ALL AREAS OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENGINEERING. WE HAVE ASKED FOR A RECORD HIGH 71 BILLION DOLLARS FOR R&D IN OUR BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1991. // - 11 - AND TO SHORT-CIRCUIT THE PREDICTION THAT AMERICA WILL RUN SHORT OF ENGINEERS, WE HAVE INTRODUCED A NATIONAL SCIENCE SCHOLARS INITIATIVE TO GIVE KIDS A NEW INCENTIVE TO EXCEL IN SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS, AND ENGINEERING. AND I HAVE ANNOUNCED AN AMBITIOUS GOAL -- BUT ONE WE CAN ACHIEVE -- THAT U.S. STUDENTS WILL BE NUMBER ONE BY THE YEAR 2000. // - 12 - You CAN TELL THAT I RESPECT PEOPLE WHO HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE. MY CHIEF OF STAFF, JOHN SUNUNU, IS SUCH A MAN. As ARE ADMIRAL JIM WATKINS, OUR ENERGY SECRETARY, AND DR. ALLAN BROMLEY, MY SCIENCE ADVISOR. YET, ULTIMATELY, IT IS THE PRIVATE SECTOR THAT HAS SHAPED AMERICAN OPPORTUNITY -- AND WILL CONTINUE TO BRING OPPORTUNITY TO THE NEW MILLENNIUM. // Look AT GENERAL ELECTRIC, WHICH IS SPENDING $1.2 MILLION A YEAR ON MINORITY SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIPS. - 13 - AND A $20 MILLION COMMITMENT TO INVOLVE MORE INNER-CITY KIDS IN ENGINEERING. // OR MOBIL -- LAUNCHING GRANT PROGRAMS TO HELP STUDENTS ENHANCE AMERICA'S TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY. THESE EFFORTS -- BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC -- WILL SUSTAIN THE COMPUTER REVOLUTION. FOR THEY RELY ON THE QUALITIES OF AMERICAN DRIVE AND DETERMINATION. - 14 - QUALITIES THAT WILL CONTRIBUTE, AS YOUR ACADEMY SAYS, "To THE ADVANCEMENT OF ENGINEERING ... AND THE WELL- BEING OF ALL HUMANITY." AND THAT ARE CENTRAL TO THE MAN FOR WHOM THIS EVENING'S PRIZE IS NAMED. // CHARLES DRAPER WAS, FIRST, AN IDEALIST PUSHING BACK THE BOUNDARIES OF MANKIND'S TECHNOLOGICAL FUTURE. YET AT THE SAME TIME, A PRACTICAL MAN. ((I'M REMINDED OF A WRITER WHO WAS ASKED WHAT HE WOULD TAKE IF HIS HOME WERE ON FIRE AND HE COULD REMOVE ONLY ONE THING. // - 15 - "I WOULD TAKE THE FIRE," HE REPLIED.)) DR. DRAPER KNEW THAT YANKEE INGENUITY REVOLVES AROUND WHAT WORKS. FINALLY, HE WAS INDOMITABLE -- A FIGHTER WHO LOOKED TO HIMSELF FOR INSPIRATION. ALBERT EINSTEIN ONCE SPOKE OF THIS GENIUS OF ENGINEERING -- WHICH EXPLAINS, IN TURN, THE GREATNESS OF DR. DRAPER. HE SAID: "EVERYTHING THAT IS REALLY GREAT AND INSPIRING IS CREATED BY INDIVIDUALS WHO LABOR IN FREEDOM." LABORING IN FREEDOM, CHARLES DRAPER WELL USED THAT FREEDOM. - 16 - USED IT TO CREATE AND TO INSPIRE -- AND TO MAKE HISTORY MOVE HIS WAY. // THIS EVENING, WE HONOR TWO MEN WHO THEMSELVES HAVE MADE HISTORY -- AND MADE EACH AMERICAN PROUD. So LET ME NOW PRESENT TO JACK KILBY AND BoB NOYCE ENGINEERING'S HIGHEST AWARD -- THE CHARLES STARK DRAPER PRIZE. AND SAY: THANK YOU, GOD BLESS YOU, AND GOD BLESS THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. # # # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 14, 1990 INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT mdel:- THROUGH: CHRISS WINSTON POTUS 2/16/90 changes FROM: CURT SMITH SUBJECT: REMARKS FOR DRAPER ENGINEER AWARD I. SUMMARY On Tuesday, February 20, at 8:45 p.m., you will address about 200 people at the first Charles Draper Prize ceremony. The two distinguished engineers, Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, who independently co-invented the microchip will be honored with the Draper Prize. Dr. Bob White, President of The National Academy; Dr. Joseph Charyk, Chairman of the Draper Laboratory; Dr. Robert Seamans, Chairman of the Draper Prize Committee; and Mr. Jack Welch, Chairman of the National Academy and CEO of General Electric will each give brief introductory remarks. Also attending will be Mr. Stephen Bechtel, Honorary Chairman of National Engineering Week; Mr. Richard Morrow, Chairman of Amoco; Soviet Ambassador Yuri Dubinin; and the State Department host, Undersecretary Ivan Selin. II. DISCUSSION The attached remarks (8 minutes, speechcards) praise Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce for their remarkable invention. The creation of the microchip has changed the world and nurtured the information age, making our global village even smaller. 20 9:00 FEBIL 06 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. February 14, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT 8:45 P.M. Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Dr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Mr. Bechtel, Mr. Morrow. Undersecretary Selin, Ambassador Dubinin. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineering. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Well, tonight let there be no confusion. It is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way down the track, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. 2 When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer.")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention which has already taken its place among the greatest of all time. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this watch. [HOLD UP ARM WITH WATCH] Think, finally, of our planet. And how the microchip has stirred the new breeze of democracy. // Today, the President of Czechoslovakia, Vaclav Havel, visited the White House. And as we talked, I thought of how images of the past year have linked the peoples of Prague and Warsaw, Budapest and Berlin. Images of bravery and defiance -- of humanity's quest for freedom. And it was the microchip which carried them from one Nation to another 3 -- becoming an instrument of liberty and the symbol of the Information Age. // Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // I know that the National Academy of Engineering shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have introduced a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. And I have announced an ambitious goal -- but one we can achieve -- that U.S. students will be Number One by the year 2000. // 4 You can tell that I respect people who have an understanding of science. My Chief of Staff, John Sununu, is such a man. As are Admiral Jim Watkins, our Energy Secretary, and Dr. Allan Bromley, my Science Advisor. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And a $20 million commitment to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. He knew no government planner decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have 5 happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. / / Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/16/90 ---- DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: DRAPER ENGINEER AWARD (02/14 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT > MCCLURE \ SUNUNU > NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST WINSTON FITZWATER BROMLEY GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: The attached has been forwarded to the President. RESPONSE: OS 52 9183306 91 James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 14, 1990 1990 FEB 14 PM 6: 05 INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT THROUGH: CHRISS WINSTON FROM: CURT SMITH is SUBJECT: REMARKS FOR DRAPER ENGINEER AWARD I. SUMMARY On Tuesday, February 20, at 8:45 p.m., you will address about 200 people at the first Charles Draper Prize ceremony. The two distinguished engineers, Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, who independently co-invented the microchip will be honored with the Draper Prize. Dr. Bob White, President of The National Academy; Dr. Joseph Charyk, Chairman of the Draper Laboratory; Dr. Robert Seamans, Chairman of the Draper Prize Committee; and Mr. Jack Welch, Chairman of the National Academy and CEO of General Electric will each give brief introductory remarks. Also attending will be Mr. Stephen Bechtel, Honorary Chairman of National Engineering Week; Mr. Richard Morrow, Chairman of Amoco; Soviet Ambassador Yuri Dubinin; and the State Department host, Undersecretary Ivan Selin. II. DISCUSSION The attached remarks (8 minutes, speechcards) praise Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce for their remarkable invention. The creation of the microchip has changed the world and nurtured the information age, making our global village even smaller. (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. February 14, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT 8:45 P.M. Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Dr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Mr. Bechtel, Mr. Morrow. Undersecretary Selin, Ambassador Dubinin. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineering. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Well, tonight let there be no confusion. It is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ((Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way down the track, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. 2 When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer.") // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention which has already taken its place among the greatest of all time. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this watch. [HOLD UP ARM WITH WATCH] Think, finally, of our planet. And how the microchip has stirred the new breeze of democracy. 11 Today, the President of Czechoslovakia, Vaclav Havel, visited the White House. And as we talked, I thought of how images of the past year have linked the peoples of Prague and Warsaw, Budapest and Berlin. Images of bravery and defiance -- of humanity's quest for freedom. And it was the microchip which carried them from one Nation to another 3 -- becoming an instrument of liberty and the symbol of the Information Age. // Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // I know that the National Academy of Engineering shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have introduced a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. And I have announced an ambitious goal -- but one we can achieve -- that U.S. students will be Number One by the year 2000. // 4 You can tell that I respect people who have an understanding of science. My Chief of Staff, John Sununu, is such a man. As are Admiral Jim Watkins, our Energy Secretary, and Dr. Allan Bromley, my Science Advisor. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And a $20 million commitment to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) ) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. He knew no government planner decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have 5 happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE N/C SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER i DARMAN ROGICH BATES N/C UNTERMEYER CARD P ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and MF. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk Mr. Mr. Morrow. [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // But tonight littere by no confision Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine down the track -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Bob Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip granst -- an invention perhaps no which has already taken ts place among the histonic inventions of mashind all time less crucial than the discovery of fire // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have introduced begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Porter Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped insert American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) ) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present Bob to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER i DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD P ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: OK S.R Lt : 6v 183306 James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ((First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. Or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // Or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU , NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: N/C 2/13/90 James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM DATE: 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE У SUNUNU > NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: Curt 80 : Olv E1 833 06 loohs need and Assistant Deputy if theardy James to to W. the the Cicconi Chief President of AP Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ((First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room. -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // Or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied. )) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 13, 1990 MEMORANDUM FOR CHRISS WINSTON DEPUTY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR COMMUNICATIONS FROM: JAY S. BYBEE jst ASSOCIATE COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT SUBJECT: Presidential Remarks: Engineering Awards Counsel's office has reviewed the above-referenced matter. We have no legal objections. Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this matter. CC: James W. Cicconi 22:55 €183306 Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: See comments -- Also may want to add more re: Mayce & Kilby Grady X4844 E0 :pd James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine,' " he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ) ) / / As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Bob Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And Grody 44844 their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new We have increased the government's investment in science, math ad engineery education across the incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped hard 26% a American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to increase the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is to over libilion spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. in FY And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in 1991. engineering. // Or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help Grady 44844 high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Bob, Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Grady xus44 Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER R DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON 1 DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss -Pm122 Winston Thanks. by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. RESPONSE: Excellea + DAB James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine, " he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied. )) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 13, 1990 MEMORANDUM FOR CHRISS WINSTON FROM: ROGER B. PORTER RBP SUBJECT: Presidential Remarks: Engineering Awards The speech is well written and tailored to this audience. We have one suggestion which we believe will strengthen the remarks and resonate with this group. In the second paragraph of the third page, second sentence, we recommend replacing the word "begun" with the word "introduced". In addition, we suggest inserting the following passage at the end of the second paragraph: You may know that I have been working with the Nation's Governors on setting -- for the first time -- education goals for America. And that among these is a goal for U.S. students to be the best in the world in mathematics and ok science achievement by the year 2000. This is an ambitious goal. And it won't be easy. But with role models such as tonight's honorees, America will number one. If you have any questions or we can help in any other way, please let me know. CC: James W. Cicconi SO Id EI 833 06 Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD P ROGERS CICCONI > PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine down the track -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. Or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have INTRODUCED begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Math and Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped Science goal. American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // Or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied. )) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 13, 1990 MEMORANDUM FOR CHRISS WINSTON FROM: AUSTEN FURSE A.F. 90 13 P4: 50 SUBJECT: Engineering Awards Draft This event is an opportunity to go beyond the conventional, expected, and proper "attaboy" remarks in order to speak to wider issues. The technique of using an essentially pro forma event to leverage a wider, deeper message has proven very effective. One example: the President's Wizner Park speech in Houston, went beyond what would have been adequate -- a pat on the back for a worthy neighborhood group -- in order to make substantive points about his policies and their philosophical underpinnings (e.g., crime as evil, the necessity of just punishment, and the importance of cultivating character). That speech received a lot of attention in part because it built a visionary superstructure on top of its "attaboy" frame. The current draft could stand improvement even as an "attaboy" speech. As it now stands, aside from the intro. and conclusion, Kilby and Noyce are mentioned only once (at pg. 2, para. 3, line 1), and the significance of their contributions are lightly touched upon in the following two grafs. The stupendous significance of their work cries out for at least doing better justice to the facts -- that is the minimum requirement of the "attaboy" aspect. Much space, a full one-quarter of the speech, is given to praise of the Draper award's namesake. Another one-quarter is spent on jokes. This space could be used to speak both about the award winners and a larger theme. Their invention truly is a milestone in human history, as numerous books and articles will attest. Attached is a relevant excerpt from one such book by George Gilder. Consider, for example, (and here is the visionary superstructure to build around the "attaboy" frame) that these two men are literally partly responsible for the liberation of Eastern Europe. (more) 2-2-2 The microchip symbolizes the greater freedom of individual expression worldwide. Kilby and Noyce's invention brought the power of the computer down to the individual level where it could not be touched by the central authorities: PC's, fax machines, portable xerox machines, VCR's, etc. Therefore, the overarching theme of the speech, going beyond the necessary praise of the award winners, could be to link this enormous technological achievement with the New Breeze (not to mention increased American competitiveness, the creation of jobs, and the assurance of military superiority vis a vis the USSR). It is particularly relevant given the upcoming visit of Havel (and to a lesser extent Mandela). Below, then, is some suggested language focusing on the significance of Kilby and Noyce's invention in contributing to the New Breeze: "Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, perhaps the greatest legacy your work has wrought lies not SO much in the greater convenience provided by the myriad of new devices that the microchip has made possible -- nor the endless hours of time that have been saved by those devices -- nor the creation of countless jobs and untold wealth -- nor even the rich veins of knowledge and information that would have lain untapped but for the awesome power of the microchip. "Your work, the etching of your imaginations on the material of history, is perhaps best rewarded by the microchip's worldwide liberation of human expression -- human expression that had been trapped by the heavy hand of the state; because no tyranny can long contain an aspiring mind in a world of personal computers, modems, fax machines, copiers and all the thousands of ways in which the microchip has harnessed the power of knowledge for the individual. "Your work has marked the beginning of a new epoch. For years the brutal hands of state authority have hurled sand into the eyes of history itself. But now a New Breeze blows that same sand back in the form of the microchip -- the symbol of the Information Age. (more) 3-3-3 "I have often spoken about the New Breeze. Very simply it is the force of an idea: the idea of freedom and democracy. Technological change can reinforce freedom -- it actually does, at this very moment. The technological change of the Information Age is helping to fan the New Breeze and ventilate long-stifled centers of expression. Together, the Information Age, symbolized by the microchip, and the New Breeze of freedom and democracy reinforce each other. "The darkness that for many nations has long obscured vast areas of history and knowledge -- what the Czech writer, Milan Kundera has called the "Kingdom of Forgetting" -- is suddenly being dispelled and blown away. Whole peoples are awaking from an artificial amnesia imposed upon them by brute force of the state. "What emerges to take its place will depend mainly on what the people themselves do in those places where which the New Breeze has been blowing. But what emerges will also depend in part on us: on all those who have long treasured the traditions of the free exchange of ideas and information -- on engineers like Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce who have helped create the knowledge-based economy and the technologies of the Information Age. "We, by our own actions and our own example will help determine whether the Kingdoms of Forgetting develop into, as it were, the Republics of Remembering -- new commonwealths of memory: Memory not just in the sense that the microchip has memory, but more importantly memory in the sense of treasuring the Western traditions of democratic, limited government that ensures our freedom. We today can better safeguard our freedoms and our past because great imaginations like Kilby's and Noyce's looked to future. And for that your country is very grateful.' ### Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU : NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/15, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 MICROCOSM CHAPTER ver Mead had called it as a teenager. It was a replacement part, 5 king back hungrily at vacuum tube slots rather than forward to the : of the microcosm. Individual discrete transistors were relevant to ultimate promise of the technology chiefly because they provided ining in the ways of silicon. The silicon transistor was the key to the cosmos only because mil- ns could ultimately be packed together on single chips and insu- The Monolithic Idea ed by their own oxide. Packed so tightly together, slow silicon nsistors would operate incomparably faster than any assemblage of :edier germanium devices. No one at TI at the time could even agine such a thing. In the move into the microcosm-Planck's invisible sphere-the idea of combining many transistors and other circuit elements on a single piece of silicon, one chip, marked a point of no return. An engineer could see and handle single discrete transistors and connect them to other devices with ordinary copper wire. He could still imag- ine that he was working with ordinary materials in a visible world. He was still manipulating the solid stuff of his sensory experience. But putting an entire system of electrical components on one chip the size of a fingernail was a new challenge, which required the crossing of a great divide. The integrated circuit would take the industry down a slippery slope from the familiar shores of the senses into a quantum sea. Yet this invention was not made at a major industrial or university laboratory full of quantum physicists and expensive equipment. Mak- ing the plunge instead were two engineers at two small companies, following the logic of information technology wherever it should lead. One of these engineers arrived early in 1958 at the Dallas head- quarters of Texas Instruments. A tall, quiet man named Jack Kilby,, he had been designing small systems for hearing-aid companies at a firm 74 MICROCOSM The Monolithic Idea 75 in Wisconsin called Centralab. He would apply unpackaged transis- do with silicon? Obviously transistors diodes already being tors and other devices to a ceramic substrate and then connect them done. But by contrast silicon did not make very good resistors and by depositing metal lines and resistors on the surface of the ceramic capacitors, both crucial to managing power and storing it in most by a silk-screen process. Although far inferior to true integrated cir- circuits. It would be original, certainly, to make a silicon resistor. But cuits-ICs on single chips-this hybrid approach was more efficient it would also be absurd to use preciously purified silicon to make a than wiring together separately packaged devices. Kilby's idea was device that cost a penny in carbon. Yet, thought Kilby, who had appealing enough that as late as 1964, IBM, in a moment of typical contrived various novel capacitors for Centralab, one just might be conservatism, adopted it for the breakthrough 360 mainframe com- able to produce a silicon capacitor. Its performance wouldn't ap- puter series. proach that of the standard metal and ceramic capacitor but it would Kilby's first assignment in Texas, however, was to develop "micro- do the job particularly in the low power world of solid state modules" that seemed actually inferior to the ceramic systems he had For that matter, you could make a silicon resistor And come to built in Wisconsin. The micromodule concept envisaged encasing think of it-this was the idea that would revolutionize electronics- each transistor or other component, together with all its wiring, in a "if you could make all the essential parts of a circuit out of one separate plastic package. These identical modules could be plugged material, you could manufacture all of them, all at once, in a mono- together like Lego blocks. The key appeal of the micromodule to TI lithic block of that material." was its sponsor, the U.S. Army. Its appeal to the Army was its secure This was the integrated circuit: a group of transistors and other footing in the known world of the macrocosm. With careful direc- components interconnected on one tiny piece of semiconductor. It tions, even a small child could assemble any specified circuit from could be a hearing aid, a computer memory cell, a radio oscillator these fungible units. in the end it might even be logic for avionics or a hand-held calculator The problem was, so it seemed to Kilby, that the small child would (Kilby would later patent a calculator chipset, together with a tiny grow old and gray before any important project was finished. By the thermal printer for the readout). Kilby did not know what the limits time Kilby arrived at TI, military systems for such functions as missile would be. But his thought process captured the essence of the semi- control, space travel, supercomputers, airplane avionics, and other conductor revolution in America. complex uses entailed many millions of components. Built out of so- Because it consisted of a series of second-best solutions-inferior called micromodules, they would fill skyscrapers. The Army's proposal resistors and capacitors, for example-which ended only in a radical in fact illustrated the futility of macrocosmic approaches to micro- drop in manufacturing costs, Kilby's concept would have been un- cosmic technology. likely to emerge from a laboratory of pure science. A breakthrough in Still, the Army wanted it and was willing to pay, so Kilby set out product design, it likely would have sprung neither from a capital to design appropriate modules and if they were tiny enough, per- equipment producer nor from a semiconductor factory, both of which haps if they were cheap enough, possibly they could be focus on existing products. Because it threatened the jobs of computer dumped on the market to sell as miniature Lego blocks at Christmas, engineers who made their living combining electronic components Then, in July 1958, TI dispersed for one of its mass vacations, leaving into elegant configurations on circuit boards, the new device would Jack Kilby-as a recent arrival unentitled to time off-in effective not have been invented or accepted readily in the computer industry. command of the semiconductor laboratory. An exciting sense of free- A synthesis of technical and economic speculations based on materials dom possessed him. It was a chance, thought Kilby, to come up with science, circuit design, processing techniques, and a wild hunch, it something different. was the kind of solution most doggedly obstructed by the usual divi- From extended interviews with Kilby, T. R. Reid, author of a vivid sions of labor and specialization in large companies. And it happened history of The Chip, composed an inventor's fugue, which went some- at Texas Instruments, in part, because most of the company was not thing like this: "If Texas Instruments was going to do something there. it probably had to involve silicon." Fair enough. What could you When the company returned from vacation, however, things began MICROCOSM The Monolithic Idea 77 76 wrong. Kilby's boss, Willis Adcock, was enough intrigued work by learning from the master. In Noyce's presence, Shockley would call former colleagues at Bell to check out any novel results the young to his go new employee's crabbed circuit sketches to set him to pro- man achieved. ducing of diffusing two impurities onto the wafers in hot ovens, where they devices prototypes. But TI was then moving toward a new system could For example, before Esaki's Nobel Prize-winning invention of the tunnel diode was announced, Noyce presented to Shockley a detailed be processed like so many cookies. Because the first diffused his proto- proposal for such a device. But Shockley was not interested. He never germanium "mesa" transistors, Kilby agreed to make from the seemed quite to realize that the young men he had assembled in Palo were types on a piece of germanium. It was a fatal step away Alto-for all their humble beginnings and bulging Windsor knotted microcosm. device was called the mesa because in shape it resembled a flat- ties-were in many ways superior to the polished authorities he had The southwestern mountain rising above the sands of a usually left behind him at Bell Labs. topped substrate. Because the emitter and base were in the protruding Eventually the group left Shockley in favor of an offer from Fair- silicon the mesa was accessible from above and was isolated from sticking neigh- out child of Syosset, Long Island, which was interested in establishing a semiconductor firm. Shockley is now said to see Noyce as "traito- part, mesas by air. Previous transistors had lead wires of silicon or boring from their two ends below the surface of the block one rous." But by holding the eight key men from Shockley Labs to- Thus they could not be pushed together or made one on chip gether, Noyce succeeded not only in saving Shockley's most precious germanium. of semiconductor. Mesas could be built in groups on the mesa legacy to the industry but also in creating the team that would bring piece the wires getting in the way. The wires between the world of electronics massively back to Shockley's original vision without could be added later. The mesa seemed a godsend for integrated of a field effect transistor (FET). Elegantly simple and casy to minia- tops circuits, and indeed it would play a critical role in their development mesas to turize, eventually the FET would be a key to the microcosm. The eight defectors from Shockley Semiconductor were Noyce, at two companies. But only Jack Kilby would actually use Moore, Julius Blank, Victor Grinich, Eugene Kleiner, metallurgist make integrated circuits. it was that for his revolutionary device Kilby chose a fatefully On a Sheldon Roberts, Jay Last, an expert on photo optics from Corning So material and a fatally obsolescent transistor design. Glass, and Jean Hoerni, a physicist with two doctorates. In a sense obsolete sliver of germanium less than one half inch long, with spidery gold con- they were the founders of Silicon Valley. While rapidly expanding wires awkwardly soldered from one mesa top to another, Kilby contact their numbers-hiring among others a tall, burly young engineer trived one of the ugliest little devices since the original point named Charles Sporck from a GE components factory in Schenectady, New York, and Andrew Grove-they set to work to redefine the transistor. of the device back in Mountain View, California, however, industry. Hearing engineer working at Fairchild Semiconductor quietly brought was Together the group swept past TI in integrated circuits and in the one forth similar designs he had been working on. His name the true process transformed Kilby's hunch into one of the most important inventions in the history of technology. Known as the planar inte- Robert some Noyce, and most people in the industry regard him as grated circuit, Fairchild's concept comprised the essential device and inventor of the integrated circuit. of a minister in an Iowa farm community, Noyce as a from boy process that dominates the industry today. In the 1960s, it gave Fair- had the of barns. During his course through Grinnell College, MIT, into The created son a flying machine and used it to glide down safely child a lead in the new phase of the industry comparable to the van- tage that TI had achieved in the 1950s manufacturing silicon transistors. Ultimately it moved the industry deep into the micro- and tops Philco-Ford Semiconductor, this "can-do" confidence grew cosm, and put America on the moon. a sense of high destiny in the world. Then he came a cropper. At Shockley Semiconductor Laboratories, The first steps toward dominance came from the team of Moore also in Mountain View, where Noyce worked from 1955 to twenties 1959, and Hoerni. Setting out to design large diffusion furnaces that could had treated Noyce like a youth in his process scores of silicon wafers at one time, they began batch-process- 78 MICROCOSM The Monolithic Idea 79 ing the very kind of transistor that TI was then making in germanium: between TI and Fairchild-despite conceiving of it and building pro- the mesa. The precision of the diffusion method, as mastered by Gor- totypes well after Kilby. don Moore, allowed Fairchild rapidly to make its mark in this tech- The decision was just. The image of those mesas, with wires run- nology. ning between them like gold transmission lines above the intervening Nevertheless, there were flaws in the mesa. For one thing, it still desert, countervailed the claim in his patent application that they needed tiny gold wires hooked up to the promontory. For another, could be "laid down" on the surface. They couldn't. The wires could its exposed surfaces tended to attract contaminants. This problem not be laid down without an insulator and Kilby had offered none. became Fairchild's historic opportunity. Indeed, none would work on germanium mesas. Planar silicon diox- To protect the mesa from contaminants during manufacture, ide insulation was what made the IC a reality and made Noyce the Hoerni and Moore began playing with the idea of depositing a layer real inventor (with key assists from Hoerni and Moore). of silicon dioxide over its surface. But running a thin silicon dioxide Just as important as these conceptual advances in the move to the film up and down the mesa's steep slopes was nearly impossible, even microcosm, however, was an entire chain of manufacturing tech- with the new diffusion method. It would be better, Hoerni thought, niques that Moore, Sporck, and the other Fairchild engineers per- to have a plain. Thus he stumbled into the historic idea of flattening fected over the following years. Although integrated circuits operate the mesa. Then he saw he could use the flat layer of silicon dioxide with incomprehensible speed, they can take long months to produce. for two purposes at once. Unlike the oxides of other elements, silicon Even in 1989, with the most modern equipment, the usual fabrication dioxide could both protect devices from chemicals during fabrication process-often after many man-years of design work-usually takes and insulate them during their electrical operations. some six weeks or more. During Fairchild's world-beating rush of Suddenly an entirely new and better approach to semiconductor 1959 and 1960, the process dragged out over a year. production began to emerge in his mind. The diffusion process made The diffusion step, in which gaseous impurities or dopants slowly it possible to create transistors not by adding layers to the top, but by sink into the surface of the substrate, occurs at a temperature ap- diffusing the impurity "dopants" into the surface. Hoerni proposed proaching the melting point of silicon (1200 degrees Celsius), and that a single transistor be created, with a flat surface and with all its takes a period of hours. Then comes the photolithography: creating a regions accessible on that surface. Such a device, which Hoerni called pattern on a chip by exposing its surface-covered with a light-sensi- "planar," would solve the problem of contamination because a rela- tive chemical called photoresist-to light through a glass photomask tively flat topography could be protected nicely by a planar film of inscribed with the design. that excellent insulator, silicon dioxide, that could easily be grown on In effect, the designs are projected onto the wafer like a slide on a silicon by heating it in an oxidation furnace with pure oxygen or screen, but with all the lenses reversed to miniaturize the image rather steam. than magnify it. After the design is set by exposing the photoresist to This concept revolutionized the semiconductor world, for it light, the resist is etched away in accordance with the desired pattern. prompted Bob Noyce to think of integrating large numbers of elec- The designs are "developed," hundreds on each wafer at a time, much tronic components on one flat chip of silicon. Neatly disposing of the like a photograph of hundreds of chips. nagging, labor-intensive problem of bonding gold wires to each elec- By repeating these steps for several layers, the pattern of transistors trode (as was necessary in Jack Kilby's mesa IC), Noyce proposed to and other IC components is created. Finally, a scheme of holes, or interconnect the parts by aluminum lines evaporated onto the insulat- vias, is developed in the oxide insulator. These holes are for the me- ing oxide surface. The aluminum could be connected with each tran- tallization: the evaporated layer of aluminum, photo-etched into pre- sistor through holes in the oxide. cise patterns, that would actually integrate-by interconnecting-the While Kilby had invented two integrated circuits, Noyce was ready elements in the circuit. to show how to mass-produce them. And because Noyce was clearer Thus eliminated were all the thousands of wires-sticking out from in specifying the mode of interconnection and insulation, he was both ends and from the top of each discrete component-that made in IC of litigation transistor manufacture and packaging a laborious expensive and fre- 30 MICROCOSM The Monolithic Idea 81 quently unreliable process. At every potentially disruptive step, partic- ularly during the etching away of unwanted metal, the Fairchild production went severely awry. Military contracting grew rapidly and TI lost some of its creative edge, particularly in the metal oxide silicon nventors used silicon dioxide to protect the device. These general techniques embraced thousands of exacting particu- (MOS) technologies of Gordon Moore's parable. One day in 1966, Willis Adcock, Kilby's former boss, quit TI and walked dazzled ars, and it is the details that are everything in semiconductor work. Suffice it to say that it took nearly three years for other companies to through Fairchild, marveling at their efficiency with the planar pro- cess. The invisible sphere had shifted again. master the intricate interplay among the different steps. By the time others worked it all out in the mid-sixties, Fairchild had become the dominant company in the microcosm, moving fully into "the invisible sphere" that Planck had defined. Like their intellectual precursors in physics, these callow young men could find no casy idiom to describe their achievements. Their feats defied every analogy to the world in which they-and all of us-were raised and in which our very language was formed. They had to deal in sizes that confound any metaphor of the minute, from motes to mites; in numbers, of precise trillions of drifting or diffusing elec- rons, that dwarf the merely astronomical; in speeds-nanoseconds (billionths of seconds)-that render agonizingly and viscidly slow the snapping of a finger. Even to begin they had to create clean rooms that flout any standard of the immaculate, any concept of sterilization, any simile of snow. Cleanliness for these purposes is judged in particles of a diameter more than 1 micron per cubic foot. "Class 100," then necessary in a semiconductor fabrication area, measures one hundred times cleaner than the some 10,000 such particles per cubic foot in the operating room of a hospital. One of these infinitesimal particles athwart a transistor channel looms in the micrographic photos-as in the com- mon speech of the Valley-as a "boulder." Now taken for granted in an industry moving to class 10 and below, these conditions had to be created for the first time at Fairchild. Like TI before it, Fairchild achieved its breakthroughs with vir- tually no government assistance while its largest competitors-chiefly the vacuum tube companies-were receiving collectively hundreds of millions of dollars in grants. But when the government needed a way to 'miniaturize the circuitry for its Minuteman missiles and its space flights, it did not use micromodules or any of the other exotic tech- nologies it had subsidized. It turned first to Fairchild rather than to its early favorites and beneficiaries. Fairchild's lack of military entan- glement in the late fifties finally allowed the company to get the bulk of military and aerospace contracts in the early 1960s. Meanwhile, at TI, Haggerty's balance between defense and civilian D2 - Mention Ger. Sununal 3 Andy Card and any othe Eng. within the Admin - are there (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. any 7 Staffed February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE indosecens DEPARTMENT Selin ,Alassa Reed, Assada Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?") ) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ( (First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer Dave, I think this will respond-10 suggestions of Austin Fune: L"Think lastly, of our planet. And how the microchip has Vaclav stirred Havel, the visited new beize the white of clemocracy. Today, the - President [ though of ol Czechoslovakia, how images of the pastyear have linked the peoples of Prague House. and And Warsaw, as we Budapest talked, and Berlin. 2 for Freedam. [mages of And Sravery it was and the microchip defiarce -- which 6 cannit humanity's then 7 quest fro one Nation to another Bero cises. focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. Or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // Dave N/Afterall, houcouldwenot with enginees like John Sымили and Andy Card. 11 so' Wallis we 3 degree I know that the National Academy rusing shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public Sunny policy equation. // Our Administration agrees and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // Or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the Cauly sue. lindu usart, 715 Adil walls 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) ) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # R microlip bude aplen sialle - 1 use e sere a day Em son ingu. Bhessey's Des (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Dr. Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk Mr Morrow X [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Mr. Dr. Bechtel Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ( (You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of But there's no confusion those neat striped hats they wear?") // tonight, X Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ((Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ((First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine down the shoft -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer / 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. "). ) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made X it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of watch. [Hold up Drm with a cakulator wristwotch refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. introduced We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new And I have Announced on ombitions jobl but one we can schieve- incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering that US, Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped students will be # 1 by American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the and year the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million 6 a year on minority science scholarships. commitment And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. 11 or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) ) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 1156 DATE: 02/12/90 4:00 p.m. 02/13/90 ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS SUBJECT: (02/12 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER 8 DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD P ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST BROMLEY FITZWATER WINSTON GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: Please provide any comments/recommendations directly to Chriss Winston by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday 02/13, with a copy to my office. Thanks. RESPONSE: TO: CHRISS WINSTON February 14, 1990 NSC concurs with the Presidential remarks for the engineering awards to be given February 20, 1990. 80:1d 06 Brent Ret Scowcroft CC: James W. Cicconi James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. 1990 FEB 12 PM 6: 20 February 12, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Dr. Bechtel. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineers. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Tonight, it is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ( (Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ((First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer 2 focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have the answer. ")) // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention perhaps no less crucial than the discovery of fire. // Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this pen. [PULL PEN CALCULATOR FROM POCKET] Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // 3 I know that the National Academy shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. // And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have begun a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And $20 million annually to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability. These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the 4 well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) )) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. No government planner, he knew, decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? // If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. // This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Engineering Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # HITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAI 17 FEB 90 01:04 1156 PG.09 Document No. 113193 WHITE HOUSE STAFFING MEMORANDUM 02/16/90 DATE: ACTION/CONCURRENCE/COMMENT DUE BY: SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: DRAPER ENGINEER AWARD (02/14 5:00 p.m. draft) ACTION FYI ACTION FYI VICE PRESIDENT MCCLURE SUNUNU NEWMAN SCOWCROFT PORTER DARMAN ROGICH BATES UNTERMEYER CARD ROGERS CICCONI PINKERTON DEMAREST WINSTON BROMLEY FITZWATER GRAY HAGIN REMARKS: The attached has been forwarded to the President. RESPONSE: needs James W. Cicconi Assistant to the President and Deputy to the Chief of Staff Ext. 2702 HITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAT 17 FEB 90 01:05 PG. 10 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 14, 1990 1990 FEB Pil 5. 05 INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT THROUGH: CHRISS WINSTON FROM: CURT SMITH Cs SUBJECT: REMARKS FOR DRAPER ENGINEER AWARD I. SUMMARY On Tuesday, February 20, at 8:45 p.m., you will address about 200 people at the first Charles Draper Prize ceremony. The two distinguished engineers, Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, who independently co-invented the microchip will be honored with the Draper Prize. Dr. Bob White, President of The National Academy; Dr. Joseph Charyk, Chairman of the Draper Laboratory; Dr. Robert Seamans, Chairman of the Draper Prize Committee; and Mr. Jack Welch, Chairman of the National Academy and CEO of General Electric will each give brief introductory remarks. Also attending will be Mr. Stephen Bechtel, Honorary Chairman of National Engineering Week; Mr. Richard Morrow, Chairman of Amoco; Soviet Ambassador Yuri Dubinin; and the State Department host, Undersecretary Ivan Selin. II. DISCUSSION The attached remarks (8 minutes, speechcards) praise Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce for their remarkable invention. The creation of the microchip has changed the world and nurtured the information age, making our global village even smaller. HITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAT 17 FEB 90 01:06 PG.11 (Smith/Blessey) 5 P.M. February 14, 1990 DRAPER PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ENGINEERING AWARDS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1990 STATE DEPARTMENT 8:45 P.M. Mr. Welch. Mr. Kilby and Dr. Noyce. Dr. White, Dr. Charyk [CHAIR-ik], Dr. Seamans, Mr. Bechtel, Mr. Morrow. Undersecretary Selin, Ambassador Dubinin. Members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineering. Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Jack, for that introduction, and for your warm reception. ((You know, as a boy I used to dream of being an engineer. In fact, when one of my grandkids heard I was addressing an audience of my heroes, he said, "Could you bring back one of those neat striped hats they wear?")) // Well, tonight let there be no confusion. It is indeed a pleasure to be with you during National Engineers Week. And to salute the first two recipients of engineering's highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. ((Let me begin with a story which I think captures the spirit of this evening. It concerns three men scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. ((First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guilotine face up -- and the blade went two-thirds of the way down the track, then stopped. The man was set free. // Next, came the politician. WHITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAT 17 FEB 90 01:06 PG. 12 Co //[ linc Ilan u By 2 exercie doe the When the guilotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. // Finally, came the third man -- and typically, the engineer focused on the problem, not himself. "That guilotine," he told the foreman, "I think I have sec you're the answer.")) problem // As you can see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost, they keep aiming for perfection. And they have helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration. Opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future -- but re-invented it. Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce. // And their landmark work -- the microchip -- an invention which has already taken its place among the greatest of all time. 11 Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PAC-Man was a hiker, not a video game. // The microchip has changed all that -- and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room -- shrunk down to a size that fits on your lap. The microchip made it possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of this watch. [HOLD UP ARM WITH WATCH] Think, finally, of our planet. And how the microchip has stirred the new breeze of democracy. // Today, the President of Czechoslovakia, Vaclav Havel, visited the White House. And as we talked, I thought of how images of the past year have linked the peoples of Prague and Warsaw, Budapest and Berlin. Images of bravery and defiance -- of humanity's quest for freedom. And it was the microchip which carried them from one Nation to another IHITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAT 17 FEB 90 01:07 PG. 13 3 -- becoming an instrument of liberty and the symbol of the Information Age. // Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now, it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de- industrialize -- but re-industrialize. To paraphase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. // Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs. For engineering is "always a beginning, never a consummation." // I know that the National Academy of Engineering shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness. And is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. // You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public policy equation. // Our Administration agrees -- and so supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We have asked for a record high 71 billion dollars for R&D in our budget for Fiscal Year 1991. 11 And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we have introduced a National Science Scholars initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, mathematics, and engineering. And I have announced an ambitious goal -- but one we can achieve -- that U.S. students will be Number One by the year 2000. 11 lite HOUSE FAX 1 SAI 17 FEB 90 01:08 PG.14 4 You can tell that I respect people who have an understanding of science. My Chief of Staff, John Sununu, is such a man. As are Admiral Jim Watkins, our Energy Secretary, and Dr. Allan Bromley, my Science Advisor. Yet, ultimately, it is the private sector that has shaped American opportunity -- and will continue to bring opportunity to the New Millennium. // Look at General Electric, which is spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And a $20 million commitment to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. // or Mobil -- launching grant programs to help high-school students enhance America's technological capability, These efforts -- both private and public -- will sustain the computer revolution. For they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "To the advancement of engineering and the well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. // Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future. Yet at the same time, a practical man. ((I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. // "I would take the fire," he replied.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. He knew no government planner decided that Marconi would invent the wireless. And what might have HITE HOUSE FAX 1 SAT 17 FEB 90 01:08 PG. 15 5 happened -- or worse, might not -- had Henry Ford been forced to wait for Washington's approval before testing his model-T? 11 If he had, Barbara and I might have come here on a bicycle built for two. // Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering -- which explains, in turn, the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said: "Everything that is really great and inspiring is created by individuals who labor in freedom." Laboring in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- and to make history move his way. 11 This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history -- and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Prize. And say: Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America. # # # # THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release February 20, 1990 REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT UPON PRESENTATION OF THE CHARLES STARK DRAPER PRIZE FOR ENGINEERING The State Department Washington, D.C. 8:50 P.M. EST THE PRESIDENT: Thank you all. Thank you, Jack. I got worried there when Jack was saying when we want somebody that is well known to present the prize, I was thinking Barbara's not here. (Laughter.) But, Jack, thank you for those very kind remarks. To our honorees, Kilby and Noyce; and to Ambassador Dubinin, our Soviet Ambassador here who's doing such a good job for his country; and Dr. White; Dr. Charyk; and my old friend, Dr. Seamans; also another old friend, Steve Bechtel; Mr. Morrow; and the Undersecretary Selin; and Don Atwood here from the Defense Department. And members and Guests of the National Academy of Engineering. I'm reminded of the famous story of the guy that called the insurance company after it closed one evening. A voice answered and he said, "Sir, I'd like to talk to you about converting my 20 pay life into the cash value immediately. And further, I've heard more about your key man insurance that insures the very key people, and we'd like a little more information on that. And lastly, we have this family -- I have six kids and we want a family health plan." The voice on the other end said, "Look," he said, "I'm the janitor around here just cleaning up, and after I said hello that's all I know at all about insurance." I feel the same way about engineering here tonight -- (laughter) -- surrounded by all this brain power. It's overwhelming. But I am pleased to be here. I deem it a very great pleasure to help honor and celebrate National Engineers Week. And, of course, it is an honor to salute the first two recipients of this, engineerings highest international award, the Charles Stark Draper Prize. Let me begin with a story that will show you my understanding of engineering, that I see it. It concerns three men that were scheduled to be executed on the same day of the French Revolution. One was a lawyer, another a politician, the third an engineer. First, came the lawyer. He put his head in the guillotine and the blade went two-thirds of the way down the track and then stopped. The man was set free. Next, the politican. When the guillotine stopped short of his head, he, too, was spared. Finally, came the third man, the engineer, and he focused on the matter at hand. "I think that guillotine has a problem," " he told the executioner, "but don't worry I think I have the solution." (Laughter.) I say that with respect -- (laughter) -- but as you see, engineers just can't help themselves -- whatever the cost -- (laughter) -- they keep aiming for perfection. And they've helped make our century a time of extraordinary exploration, opening doors into an age where mankind not only moved into the future, but reinvented it. MORE - 2 - Tonight, we honor Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce. And their landmark work, the microchip, an invention which has already taken its place among the greatest of all time. Not to date myself, but when I was growing up, PACMAN was a hiker, not a video game. The microchip came along and changed all of that and helped America change the world. Think, for example, of a computer the size of a room shrunk down to the size that fits on your lap -- the microchip made all that possible. or a calculator slashed from the size of a refrigerator to the size of a wristwatch. Think, finally, of our planet, and how the microchip has stirred the new breeze of democracy. Maybe it's a good day to salute that because today the President of Czechoslavakia Vaclav Havel came over to the Oval Office and then was our guest at the White House for lunch. And what a stirring moment -- I'll just divert for one second -- I took him up to the Lincoln bedroom, which is not normally the thing when you have these official visits. But I wanted him to see the room in which Abraham Lincoln had signed the Emancipation Proclamation. And I think I detected tears in his eyes, this playwright who not so many month ago was in jail and here he is the President of a fine, new, burgeoning democratic country. It was a very moving experience. As I talked with him, I thought of how images of the past year have linked the peoples of Prague and Warsaw and Budapest and Berlin. Images of bravery and defiance -- of humanity's quest for freedom. And it was the microchip which carried them from one nation to another, becoming an instrument of liberty, the symbol in this information age. Integrated circuits have enabled us to do the unimaginable. Now it is unimaginable to believe we could ever live without them. Already, the microchip has helped America not to de-industrialize, but reindustrialize. To paraphrase Churchill, never has something so small done so much for so many. Yet remember, too, that if we are to lead the world, we must provide that world with further breakthroughs, for engineering is always a beginning, never a consummation. I know that the National Academy of Engineering shares this belief. So it has studied how America's engineering talent enhances our competitiveness, and is exploring new ways to protect the globe from environmental abuse. You realize that truly informed decisions on issues like climate change require us to better integrate science, technology, and engineering into the public equation -- policy equation. Our administration agrees, and so, supports research and development in all areas of science, technology, and engineering. We've asked for a record high $71 billion for R&D in our budget for Fiscal 1991. And to short-circuit the prediction that America will run short of engineers, we've introduced a National Science Scholars Initiative to give kids a new incentive to excel in science, math, and engineering. And I have announced an ambitious goal, one of our national goals reached after great consultation with the governors -- but one, a goal that we can achieve -- that U.S. students will be number one by the year 2000. You can tell -- I hope you can tell from looking around, that I have great respect for people who have an understanding of science. Jim Watkins is a member of our Cabinet, Secretary of Energy; I'm pleased to see Dr. Bromley here; and Secretary Rice; and, of course, my own Chief of Staff John Sununu, such a man -- engineer. Yet, ultimately, I am convinced -- not that we duck our responsibility in the federal government -- but ultimately, I am convinced that it is the private sector that not only has shaped American opportunity, but will continue to bring opportunity to the new millennium. Look at -- Jack, I don't want to embarrass you -- but MORE - 3 - look at GE, spending $1.2 million a year on minority science scholarships. And a $20 million commitment to involve more inner-city kids in engineering. Or Mobil -- launching great programs -- grant programs to help students enhance America's technological ability. I know that I'm going to, just through omission, risk embarrassing others because so many in this room are responsible for programs of this nature. These efforts, both private and public, will sustain the computer revolution, for they rely on the qualities of American drive and determination. Qualities that will contribute, as your Academy says, "to the advancement of engineering and the well-being of all humanity." And that are central to the man for whom this evening's prize is named. Charles Draper was, first, an idealist pushing back the boundaries of mankind's technological future, and yet at the same time a practical man. I'm reminded of a writer who was asked what he would take if his home were on fire and he could remove only one thing. "I would take the fire," " he replied. (Laughter.) Dr. Draper knew that Yankee ingenuity revolves around what works. Finally, he was indomitable -- a fighter who looked to himself for inspiration. Albert Einstein once spoke of this genius of engineering, which explains in turn the greatness of Dr. Draper. He said, "Only men who are free create the inventions and intellectual works which make life worthwhile." Working in freedom, Charles Draper well used that freedom. Used it to create and to inspire -- to make history move his way. This evening, we honor two men who themselves have made history and made each American proud. So let me now present to Jack Kilby and Bob Noyce engineering's highest award -- the Charles Stark Draper Prize. And say thank them, thanks to both of you for your inspirational leadership. Thank you all, and God bless the United States of America. Thank you very much. (Applause.) END 8:54 P.M. EST