Ask the Scholar

Document scope · 1 page
doc
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory. For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.

Scholar Source Context

Document identity
localId
323152785
label
Drug Strategy II - Newspaper Publisher's Luncheon 1/25/90 [OA 8310] [1]
core
doc
dtoType
document
pageCount
1
Source metadata
Source extras
naId
323152785
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
21127bb5b6454006
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S; 2010-1073-F S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Backup Files Subseries: Chron Files, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13701 Folder ID Number: 13701-009 Folder Title: Drug Strategy II NNewspaper Publisher's Luncheon 1/25/90 [OA 8310][1] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 26 19 5 7 NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON / STATE ROOM JANUARY 25, 1990 / 1:15 P.M. It's AN HONOR TO HAVE YOU HERE. THERE MAY BE NO GROUP IN AMERICA MORE AWARE OF THE CHALLENGES THIS COUNTRY IS FACING. So I DECIDED TO FOCUS ON THE FIRST ITEM ON THE DOMESTIC AGENDA. ILLEGAL DRUGS. THEY REMAIN THIS NATION'S NUMBER ONE CONCERN. TODAY I'D LIKE TO ANNOUNCE THE SECOND PHASE OF OUR FIGHT AGAINST DRUGS. - 2 - As YOU KNOW, LAST SEPTEMBER, FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THIS COUNTRY'S d Rish HISTORY, WE LAUNCHED A COMPREHENSIVE, COORDINATED, COHERENT NATIONAL STRATEGY, TO STOP THE DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF ILLEGAL DRUGS. WE'VE MADE SOME NOTABLE PROGRESS IN THE MONTHS SINCE THAT PLAN WAS UNVEILED. ATTITUDES CONTINUE TO CHANGE. HERE IN WASHINGTON, THE NUMBER OF THOSE ARRESTED WHO TEST POSITIVE FOR DRUGS HAS DROPPED DRAMATICALLY OVER THE PAST THREE MONTHS -- ESPECIALLY AMONG you JUVENILES. AND ABROAD, COLOMBIA HAS EXTRADITED 14 OF THE WORLD'S MAJOR DRUG MERCHANTS TO STAND TRIAL HERE. in th n.S. BUT GIVEN THE HEADLINES WE'VE SEEN RECENTLY, IT'S CLEAR WE'RE ONLY seally GETTING STARTED. And THE PLAN WE LAID OUT LAST FALL OUTLINED WHAT WE INTEND TO DO. - 4 - TODAY I WANT TO ANNOUNCE THE SECOND PHASE OF OUR STRATEGY -- WHICH EXPLAINS HOW WE INTEND TO DO IT. AGENCY BY AGENCY, TASK BY TASK, DOLLAR BY DOLLAR. And TODAY, WE'RE RELEASING A BLUEPRINT FOR SUCCESS. what I Hoth of OUR OUTSTANDING DIRECTOR FOR DRUG CONTROL POLICY, BILL BENNETT, WILL DISCUSS THE PROGRAM LATER, IN DEPTH. RIGHT NOW I WANT TO SKETCH OUT A FEW HIGHLIGHTS -- AND THEN OPEN THE FLOOR TO QUESTIONS. - 5 - OUR APPROACH REMAINS CONSISTENT. WE'RE COMMITTED TO THE SAME AGGRESSIVE GOALS AND PRINCIPLES WE OUTLINED LAST SEPTEMBER: TO REDUCE USE, THROUGH AN INTEGRATED MIX OF SUPPLY- AND DEMAND-SIDE APPROACHES. AND THAT MEANS DOING EVERYTHING THAT WORKS. OUR STRATEGY CALLS FOR ABOUT A THIRD OF ITS FUNDING TO GO TOWARD DRUG EDUCATION, PREVENTION, TREATMENT, AND RESEARCH. - 6 - WE'RE CALLING FOR MORE PREVENTION PROGRAMS IN SCHOOLS AND WORKPLACES -- AS WELL AS GRANTS FOR COMMUNITIES TO SET UP EDUCATION PROGRAMS. IN OUR TREATMENT STRATEGIES, WE'RE ALSO EMPHASIZING WHAT WORKS -- WITH CAREFUL AND CONSTANT EVALUATION OF TREATMENT REGIMES, AND A NEW OFFICE FOR TREATMENT IMPROVEMENT AT H.H.S. I - WE'RE FUNDING NEW RESEARCH -- IN AREAS LIKE LAW ENFORCEMENT TECHNOLOGY, TREATMENT, AND DRUG USE FORECASTING THAT WILL HELP US SPOT TRENDS, TARGET RESOURCES, AND MEASURE THE IMPACT OF OUR STRATEGIES. AND THIS SPRING, WE'LL BE RELEASING THE FIRST OF AN ANNUAL, STATE-BY-STATE STATUS REPORT, MEASURING PROGRESS. ROUGHLY ANOTHER THIRD OF THE BUDGET IS DEVOTED TO DOMESTIC ENFORCEMENT, PROSECUTION, AND INCARCERATION. - 8 - To HELP LOCAL ENFORCEMENT INITIATIVES, THE '91 FISCAL BUDGET CALLS FOR NEARLY 500 MILLION DOLLARS FOR STATE AND LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT GRANTS -- AN INCREASE OF 228 PERCENT OVER THE LAST TWO YEARS. WE WANT TO GET THE RIGHT RESOURCES, TO THE RIGHT PEOPLE, ON THE RIGHT LEVEL: STREET LEVEL. TODAY WE'LL BE ANNOUNCING FIVE HIGH INTENSITY DRUG TRAFFICKING AREAS -- CITIES AND AREAS THAT ARE ALREADY DOING A GREAT DEAL, BUT NEED MORE SUPPORT. - 9 - WE WANT TO HELP THEM MAP OUT A MORE COMPREHENSIVE, COORDINATED APPROACH TO FIGHT DRUGS. WE'RE ALSO INCREASING THE NUMBER OF DEA AND FBI AGENTS AND PERSONNEL, AS WELL AS MORE FUNDING FOR ASSISTANT U.S. ATTORNEYS. WE SUPPORT AN INCREASE IN FEDERAL JUDGESHIPS. - 10 - WE ARE PROPOSING THE DEATH PENALTY FOR DRUG KINGPINS, AND THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR DRUG-RELATED KILLINGS, AND EVEN, IN SOME CASES, ATTEMPTED KILLINGS. WE WANT THERE TO BE ABSOLUTELY NO DOUBT ABOUT THE CERTAINTY OF PUNISHMENT. The FINAL THIRD OF OUR BUDGET IS EARMARKED FOR BORDER INTERDICTION AND INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS. - 11 - WE WANT THE MULTINATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS THAT PRODUCE AND DISTRIBUTE DRUGS TO BE MORE THAN DISRUPTED -- WE INTEND TO SEE THEM DISMANTLED AND DESTROYED -- BECAUSE WE DON'T MAKE DEALS WITH the DEALERS. all WE HAVE MULTI-LATERAL PROGRAMS UNDERWAY IN MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD. THROUGHOUT CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA PARTICULARLY, WE ARE ENGAGED IN EXPANDED -- AND UNPRECEDENTED -- LEVELS OF COOPERATION AND ASSISTANCE. - 12 - verbilio WE APPLAUD THE EFFORTS OF PRESIDENT BARCO OF COLOMBIA, Oar refer AND PRESIDENT SALINAS OF MEXICO. AND I WILL REINFORCE OUR SUPPORT FOR THE COURAGEOUS LEADERS OF THE REGION, AT THE UPCOMING Any SUMMIT IN COLOMBIA. of Castaqua AMONG THE STEPS WE'RE TAKING TO INTENSIFY BORDER CONTROL, UP TO AN ADDITIONAL 1000 CUSTOMS AGENTS -- WHO ARE ALREADY ON THE JOB -- WILL BE GIVEN AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT DRUG INVESTIGATIONS, TO BETTER ASSIST THE DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION. - 13 - WITH INTERDICTION IN PARTICULAR, COORDINATION IS absolite CRUCIAL. WE ARE PUTTING & END TO TURF BATTLES. OUR BUDGET FOR ALL INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES HAS INCREASED FROM 419 MILLION DOLLARS TO NEARLY 700 MILLION DOLLARS. WE'RE CREATING A NEW NATIONAL DRUG INTELLIGENCE CENTER, TO ENSURE ALL ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES GET THE STRATEGIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE THEY NEED. - 14 - TREASURY'S NEWLY-CREATED FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK WILL IMPROVE FINANCIAL INTELLIGENCE. AND THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HAS BEEN INCREASINGLY EFFECTIVE IN ITS EXPANDED DETECTION AND MONITORING ROLE. Now, I IMAGINE THE "NEWS" IN THIS CHAPTER OF THE WAR ON DRUGS MAY BE ITS PRICE TAG. SPENDING a lot of a UNDERSTANDABLY GETS ATTENTION. IN THIS CASE, OUTLAYS CONTINUE TO INCREASE. - 15 - BUT I WANT TO EMPHASIZE OUR DETERMINATION TO WIN THIS FIGHT drefrat -- WITHOUT ADDING TO THE BUDGET DEFICIT -- AND YES, WITHOUT RAISING TAXES. IN 1990 DRUG FUNDING TOTALED ALMOST NINE AND A HALF BILLION DOLLARS -- THE LARGEST INCREASE IN HISTORY. FUNDING FOR FISCAL '91 WILL BE EXPANDED BY MORE THAN ONE BILLION, TO OVER TEN AND A HALF BILLION DOLLARS. AND OUTLAYS WILL INCREASE 41 PERCENT THIS YEAR. - 16 - IN FACT, WITH THIS REQUEST THE FEDERAL DRUG BUDGET WILL BE 69 PERCENT HIGHER THAN IT WAS WHEN I TOOK OFFICE IN 1989. To THOSE WHO SAY OUR PROGRAM LOOKS TOP-HEAVY ON THE INTERDICTION SIDE, REMEMBER THAT MANY OF THE EFFORTS TO LIMIT SUPPLY ARE EXCLUSIVELY FEDERAL -- AND INHERENTLY MORE EXPENSIVE THAN DEMAND REDUCTION. WE'RE WILLING TO SPEND MORE TO LIMIT THE DRUG SUPPLY. SIMPLY PUT, WE'RE WILLING TO DO WHATEVER IT TAKES. - 17 - BUT THE REAL ISSUE, OF COURSE, IS NOT "HOW MUCH." IT'S "HOW WELL." AND HERE THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN FEDERAL AND NATIONAL IS CRUCIAL. A TRULY NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL STRATEGY DEMANDS THAT WE TAP RESOURCES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION -- PUBLIC AND PRIVATE; CIVILIAN AND MILITARY; LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL; VOLUNTEER, PROFESSIONAL, AND PERSONAL. - 18 - LET ME TELL YOU ABOUT A MAN NAMED JIM BURKE -- A I from may of you CORPORATE LEADER WHO'S BEEN APPLYING THE POWER OF THE MEDIA TO "UNSELL" DRUGS, THROUGH THE MEDIA PARTNERSHIP FOR A DRUG-FREE AMERICA: THE LARGEST VOLUNTEER PRIVATE SECTOR AD CAMPAIGN SINCE THE WAR-BOND DRIVES OF WORLD WAR II. His e-ergifed And Pei doing a saper gif YOU'RE ALL FAMILIAR WITH THEIR HARD-HITTING ADS TO DISCOURAGE DRUG USE. MANY OF YOU ALREADY CONTRIBUTE SPACE TO RUN THEM. AND THAT'S SUPPORTING THE PARTNERSHIP'S CURRENT GOAL, TO RAISE ONE MILLION DOLLARS A DAY IN ADVERTISING TIME AND SPACE. EVERY DAY. FOR THE NEXT THREE YEARS. A REMARKABLE GOAL INDEED. I KNOW THAT SOME OF YOU -- JOE WILLIAMS, OF THE MEMPHIS COMMERCIAL APPEAL, TO TAKE A NOTABLE EXAMPLE -- AN HAVE MADE THE PROMOTION OF VOLUNTEERISM AN IMPORTANT Ship PART OF YOUR NEWSPAPER'S MISSION. AND THAT'S ALSO very very IMPORTANT. - 20 - A FREE PRESS HAS A RIGHT AND RESPONSIBILITY TO REPORT AND COMMENT ON A NATION'S PROBLEMS. BUT YOUR NEWSPAPERS MAY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO THE PROGRESS OF THE COMMUNITIES THEY SERVE, BY POINTING TO SOLUTIONS. AND THERE MAY BE NO BETTER OUTLET FOR AMERICA'S VOLUNTEER eFFORT SPIRIT THAN SAVING THOSE BEING LOST TO DRUGS. It's TOO EARLY TO TELL HOW OUR EFFORTS WILL BE JUDGED -- BUT IF MORE CONCERNED AMERICANS BECOME INVOLVED AMERICANS, I BELIEVE WE WILL SUCCEED. - 21 - As A NATION UNITED, I BELIEVE WE CAN TURN THE TIDE OF DRUGS AWAY FROM AMERICA'S SHORES -- AND OUT OF HER CHILDREN'S HANDS. [PAUSE...] Now I'D LIKE TO OPEN UP THE FLOOR TO QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS -- ON ANY SUBJECT, OF COURSE, BUT ESPECIALLY OUR FIGHT AGAINST DRUGS... ### (Lange/Cawley) January 23, 1989 7:00 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 1:15 P.M. It's an honor to have you here. There may be no group in America more aware of the challenges this country is facing. So my first thought was to give you a general outline of our agenda, after the first year. But I decided instead to focus on the first item on the domestic agenda. Illegal drugs. They remain this nation's number one concern. So I chose this forum to announce the second phase of our fight against drugs. As you know, last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent national strategy, to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. We've made some notable progress in the six months since that plan was unveiled. Attitudes continue to change. Here in Washington, the number of those arrested who test positive for drugs has dropped dramatically over the past three months -- especially among juveniles. And abroad, Colombia has extradited 14 of the world's major drug merchants to stand trial here. But given the headlines we've seen over the last six months, it's clear we're only getting started. The plan we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. Today I want to announce the second phase of our strategy -- which explains how we intend to 2 do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Today, we're releasing a blueprint for success. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out a few highlights -- and then open the floor to questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the same aggressive goals and principles we outlined last September: to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand- side approaches. And that means doing everything that works. Our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward drug education, prevention, treatment, and research. We're calling for more prevention programs in schools and workplaces -- as well as grants for communities to set up education programs. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- with careful and constant evaluation of treatment regimes, and a new Office of Treatment Improvement at H.H.S. We're funding new research -- in areas like law enforcement technology, treatment, and drug use forecasting that will help us spot trends, target resources, and measure the impact of our strategies. And this spring, we'll be releasing the first of an annual, state-by-state status report, measuring progress. Roughly another third of the budget is devoted to domestic enforcement, prosecution, and incarceration. To help local enforcement initiatives, the '91 fiscal budget calls for nearly 3 500 million dollars for state and local law enforcement grants -- an increase of 228 percent over the last two years. We want to get the right resources, to the right people, on the right level: street level. Today we'll be announcing five High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas -- cities and areas that are already doing a great deal, but need more support. We want to help them map out a more comprehensive, coordinated approach to fight drugs. We're also increasing the number of DEA and FBI agents and personnel, as well as more funding for Assistant U.S. Attorneys. We support an increase in federal judgeships. We are proposing the death penalty for drug kingpins, and those responsible for drug-related killings, and even, in some cases, attempted killings. We want there to be absolutely no doubt about the certainty of punishment. The final third of our budget is earmarked for border interdiction and international operations. We want the multinational criminal organizations that produce and distribute drugs to be more than disrupted -- we intend to see them dismantled and destroyed -- because we don't make deals with dealers. We have multi-lateral programs underway in many parts of the world. Thoughout Central and South America particularly, we are engaged in expanded -- and unprecedented -- levels of cooperation and assistance. We applaud the efforts of President Barco of Colombia, and President Salinas of Mexico. And I will reinforce 4 our support for the courageous leaders of the region, at the upcoming summit in Colombia. Among the steps we're taking to intensify border control, upto an additional 1000 Customs Agents -- who are already on the job -- will be given authority to conduct arrest? drug investigations, to better assist the Drug Enforcement Administration. With interdiction in particular, coordination is crucial. We are putting an end to turf battles. Our budget for all international activities has increased Schwartz from 300 million dollars to nearly 700 million dollars. We're X4892 creating a new National Drug Intelligence Center, to ensure all enforcement agencies get the strategic and organizational intelligence they need. Treasury's newly-created Financial Crimes Enforcement Network will improve financial intelligence. And the Department of Defense has been increasingly effective in its expanded detection and monitoring role. Now, I imagine the "news" in this chapter of the war on drugs may be its price tag. Spending understandably gets attention. In this case, outlays continue to increase. But I want to emphasize our determination to win this fight -- without adding to the budget deficit -- and yes, without raising taxes. Fisc In 1990 drug funding totaled almost nine and a half billion dollars -- the largest increase in history. Funding for fiscal carnes Hale '91 will be expanded by more than one billion, to over ten and a half billion dollars. And outlays will increase 41 percent this year. In fact, with this request the Federal drug budget will be about more than 70 percent higher than it was when I took office in OMB *4 1989. took office WFY in go comp al state 5 To those who say our program looks top-heavy on the interdiction side, remember that many of the efforts to limit supply are exclusively federal -- and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. We're willing to spend more to limit the drug supply. Simply put, we're willing to do whatever it takes. But the real issue, of course, is not "how much." It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example -- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's mission. And that's important. A free press has a right and responsibility to report and comment on a nation's problems. But your newspapers may also contribute to the progress of the communities they serve, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no better outlet for America's volunteer spirit than saving those being lost to drugs. It's too early to tell how our efforts will be judged -- but if more concerned Americans become involved Americans, I believe we will succeed, Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs ### staffed COPY (Lange/Cawley) January 22, 1989 7:15 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 1:15 P.M. It's an honor to have you here. There may be no group in America more aware of the challenges this country is facing. So my first thought was to give you a general outline of our agenda, after the first year. But I decided to focus on the first item on the domestic agenda. Illegal drugs remain this nation's number one concern, and our top domestic priority. So this is a good forum to announce the second phase of our fight against drugs. As you know, last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent national strategy, to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. We've made some notable progress in the six months since Post articles, that plan was unveiled. Attitudes continue to change. Here in Ht'l Inst of Washington, the number of those arrested who test positive for Justice datosheets drugs has dropped dramatically over the past three months -- especially among juveniles. And abroad, Colombia has extradited Joe" among the major Keefe 307-7977 14 of the world's most-wanted drug merchants to stand trial here. But given the headlines we've seen over the last six months, it's clear we're only getting started. The plan we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. Today I want to announce the second phase of our strategy -- which explains how we intend to 2 do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Today, we're releasing a blueprint for success. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out a few highlights -- and then open' the floor to questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the Broce Carves same aggressive goals and principles we outlined last September: ONDCP-Tiref to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand- Budget Planning side approaches. And that means doing everything that works. 673-2628 Our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward education, prevention, treatment, and research. We're calling for more prevention programs in schools and workplaces -- as well as grants for communities to set up education programs. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- with careful and constant evaluation of treatment regimes, and a new Office of Treatment Improvement at H.H.S. We're funding new research -- in areas like law enforcement technology, treatment, and drug use forecasting that will help us spot trends, target resources, and measure the impact of our strategies. And this spring, we'll be releasing the first of an annual, state-by-state status report, measuring progress. I Another third of the budget is devoted to domestic and Tudge Watton border interdiction. To help local enforcement efforts, the '91 >ir of States fiscal budget calls for nearly 500 million dollars for state and -ical Aff ONDCP local law enforcement -- an increase of 228 percent over the last 673-2444 3 two years. We want to get the right resources, to the right people, on the right level: street level. Today we 11 be announcing five High Intensity Drug Bruce carves Trafficking Areas cities that are already doing a great deal, but need more support. We want to help them map out a more comprehensive, coordinated approach to fight drugs. We're also increasing the number of DEA and FBI agents and personnel, as well as U.S. Attorneys. We support an increase in federal judgeships. We're also calling for an expansion of the death penalty for drug-related crimes. Apart from the severity of punishment, we should no longer debate the certainty of punishment. The final third of our budget is earmarked for international and overseas operations. We want the multinational criminal organizations that produce and distribute drugs to be more than disrupted -- we intend to see them dismantled and destroyed -- because we don't make deals with dealers. So we're now engaged in expanded -- and unprecedented -- Sathleen levels of cooperation and assistance, throughout Central and shaw tate Dept South America. We applaud President Barco's efforts -- and I ati Narcotic Matters- will reinforce our support for the courageous leaders of the 47-7399 region, at the upcoming summit in Columbia. Among the steps we're taking to intensify border control, bruce carves 1000 Customs Agents -- already on the job will be given arrest and investigation authority formerly limited to D.E.A. agents. 4 With interdiction in particular, coordination is crucial. We will fight no more turf battles. Our budget for cooperative law enforcement for all Bruce carves international activities has increased from 295 million dollars 700 to over 500 million dollars. We're creating a new National Drug Intellígence Center, to ensure all enforcement agencies get the strategic, organizational, and financial intelligence they need. And the Department of Defense has been effective in detection and monitoring -- surpassing even our high expectations. Now, I imagine the "news" in this chapter of the war on drugs may be its price tag. Spending understandably gets attention. In this case, outlays continue to increase. But I want to emphasize our determination to win this fight -- without adding to the budget deficit -- and yes, without raising taxes. Our 1990 drug budget totalled almost eight $9.483.2 billion dollars Bruce carnes --- the largest increase in history. Funding for fiscal '91 will be expanded to over ten and a half billion dollars -- and outlacts will increase 41% this year. percent increase in one year. In fact, with this request the Federal drug budget will be almost 70 percent higher than it was when I took office last year. To those who say our program looks top-heavy on the interdiction side, remember that efforts to limit supply are exclusively federal -- and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. We're willing to spend more to limit the drug supply. Simply put, we're willing to do whatever it takes. int'l asst ind. mil law enf econ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 22 drugs FY89 303.7 FY91 689.9 5 But the real issue, of course, is not "how much. It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example -- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's mission. And that's important. A free press has a right and responsibility to report and comment on a nation's problems. But your newspapers may also contribute to the progress of the communities they serve, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no better outlet for America's volunteer spirit than saving those being lost to drugs. It's too early to tell how our efforts will be judged -- but if more concerned Americans become involved Americans, I believe we will succeed. Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs ... ### Schulg 307-7977 Deaen Pub 673 2823 2520 TONDER Directors 673 ofc 2520 Carolyne s.A (Lange/Cawley) January 22, 1989 7:15 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 1:15 P.M. It's an honor to have you here. There may be no group in America more aware of the challenges this country is facing. So my first thought was to give you a general outline of our agenda, after the first year. But I decided to focus on the first item on the domestic agenda. Illegal drugs remain this nation's number one concern, and our top domestic priority. So this is a good forum to announce the second phase of our fight against drugs. As you know, last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent national strategy, to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. We've made some notable progress in the six months since that plan was unveiled. Attitudes continue to change. Here in Washington, the number of those arrested who test positive for drugs has dropped dramatically over the past three months -- especially among juveniles. And abroad, Colombia has extradited 14 of the world S most mgn wanted drug merchants to stand trial here. But given the headlines we've seen over the last six months, it's clear we're only getting started. The plan we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. Today I want to announce the second phase of our strategy --- which explains how we intend to 2 do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Today, we're releasing a blueprint for success. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out a few highlights -- and then open the floor to questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the same aggressive goals and principles we outlined last September: to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand- side approaches. And that means doing everything that works. Our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward education, prevention, treatment, and research. We're calling for more prevention programs in schools and workplaces -- as well as grants for communities to set up education programs. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- with careful and constant evaluation of treatment regimes, and a new Office of Treatment Improvement at H.H.S. We're funding new research -- in areas like law enforcement technology, treatment, and drug use forecasting that will help us spot trends, target resources, and measure the impact of our strategies. And this spring, we'll be releasing the first of an annual, state-by-state status report, measuring progress. Another third of the budget is devoted to domestic and border interdiction. To help local enforcement efforts, the '91 fiscal budget calls for nearly 500 million dollars for state and local law enforcement -- an increase of 228 percent over the last 3 two years. We want to get the right resources, to the right people, on the right level: street level. Today we'll be announcing five High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas -- cities that are already doing a great deal, but ne more compre 4cities + 1 border TO (SW border) ents and person crease in federa n of the death severity of pun of punish Emphasize certainty of punishment T ernational and overseas operations. We want the multinational criminal organizations that produce and distribute drugs to be more than disrupted -- we intend to see them dismantled and destroyed -- because we don't make deals with dealers. So we're now engaged in expanded -- and unprecedented -- levels of cooperation and assistance, throughout Central and South America. We applaud President Barco's efforts -- and I will reinforce our support for the courageous leaders of the region, at the upcoming summit in Columbia. Among the steps we're taking to intensify border control, 1000 Customs Agents -- already on the job -- will be given arrest and investigation authority formerly limited to D.E.A. agents. 4 With interdiction in particular, coordination is crucial. We will fight no more turf battles. Our budget for cooperative law enforcement for all in Carnes only has $ figures for overall lion dollars tc int'l assistance which includes : National Drug In military - law enf. as they relate to drugs cies get the st - economic ce they need. An de mc FY '89: $303.7 M nfo. FY'91: $689.9 M dr 'al info. at nent want to emphasize ou: Network); (newly created) adding to the budget Our 1990 drug bu -- the largest increa ($10.630.7) be expanded to over ten and a half billion dollars and 41 outlays will 41% this percent increase in one year. In fact, with this request the Federal drug budget will be almost 70 percent higher than it was when I took office last year. To those who say our program looks top-heavy on the interdiction side, remember that efforts to limit supply are exclusively federal -- and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. We're willing to spend more to limit the drug supply. Simply put, we're willing to do whatever it takes. 5 But the real issue, of course, is not "how much. It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example -- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's mission. And that's important. A free press has a right and responsibility to report and comment on a nation's problems. But your newspapers may also contribute to the progress of the communities they serve, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no better outlet for America's volunteer spirit than saving those being lost to drugs. It's too early to tell how our efforts will be judged -- but if more concerned Americans become involved Americans, I believe we will succeed. Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs ... # # # (Lange/Cawley) January 19, 1989 5:00 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 [TIME] " Let me thank all of you for coming today. Before I get started, let me point out that these remarks were not sold to me by a speechwriter over in Lafayette Park )) It's an honor to have you here. And while I'd like to regale you with Presidential lore and wit, I want to turn to a more serious subject. It is a fact we may regret, but must admit I Illegal drugs remain this nation's number one concern -- and our top domestic priority. So last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent strategy to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. The strategy we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. The second volume of our strategy, being released today, explains in more detail how we intend to do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Through a unified approach to what you all understand is an enormously complex problem. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out just a few highlights, among the specifics of our strategy -- then open the floor for questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the same agressive, intelligent goals and principles we outlined last September: to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand-side approaches. You've all endured the debate between demand- and supply- side economics. Where drug policy is concerned, that debate isn't science -- it's just dismal. We think we're striking the right balance between supply- and demand-side solutions -- because comparisons based on budget bottom lines are misleading. The funding we call for -- if you only look at the bottom line -- suggests that we're devoting over 70 percent of our efforts to supply reduction, and only 29 percent to demand reduction. Why? Because efforts to limit supply -- international operations and interdiction on the high seas, for example -- are intrinsically the domain of the federal government, and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. So attacking the problem effectively from both sides means spending more to curb supply. It does not, however, mean doing everything -- like engaging in helpless debates over the manifestations and "root causes" of drug abuse. What it does mean, is doing everything that works. We're still convinced there is no magic bullet -- that we have to move aggressively from every angle. So our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward education, prevention, and treatment; another third for domestic and border interdiction; and a third for international and overseas operations. We've called for an increase in school workplace-based prevention programs -- and grants for communities to establish education and awareness efforts. State, local, and private initiatives play a crucial role here. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- through careful and constant evaluation, and a new Office of Treatment improvement at H.H.S. We're devoting special attention to treatment facilities in state jails and prisons. We're especially concerned about adolescents and pregnant women. And we've requested an extra six million dollars to fight the haunting tragedy of cocaine-addicted babies. [graf on research, drug use forecasting] To help enforcement efforts at street level, the '91 fiscal budget calls for nearly 500 million dollars for state and local law enforcement --- an increase of 228 percent over the last two years. [two-three grafs, international] Now, I imagine the "news" in this chapter of the war on drugs may be its price tag. Spending understandably gets attention. In this case, it continues to increase. But I want to emphasize our determination to win this fight -- without adding to the budget deficit -- and yes, without raising taxes. Our 1990 drug budget totalled almost eight billion dollars -- the largest increase in history. Funding for fiscal '91 will be expanded to over ten and a half billion dollars -- a 41 percent increase in one year. But the real issue, of course, is not "how much. It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. No one should hope or expect that we're planning to solve the drug problem simply with programs and pronouncements from the shining city on the hill. Everyone needs to look for ways that they -- as individuals and organizations -- fit into the picture. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example --- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's mission. And that's important. A free press has -- as its right and responsibility -- the obligation to uncover, report, and comment on a nation's problems. But a free press may also contribute to the progress of the society it serves, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no more crucial outlet for America's volunteer spirit, than encouraging the people and the communities of this nation that are being ravaged by drugs. Ours may be an era of limited budgets -- but unlimited resources. If, as Ben Bradlee once said, "News is the first rough draft of history," it's too early to tell how history will judge our efforts to turn the tide of drugs away from America's shores -- and out of her childrens' hands. But if Americans will join together in this struggle -- applying all the power of their hearts and minds -- I believe we will succeed. Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs # # # (Lange/Cawley) January 22, 1989 5:30 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 1:15 P.M. (( Let me thank all of you for coming today. Before I get started, let me point out that these remarks were not sold to me by a speechwriter over in Lafayette Park )) It's an honor to have you here. There may be no group in America more aware of the challenges this country is facing. So my first thought was to give you a general outline of our agenda, after the first year. But I decided to focus on the first item on the domestic agenda. Illegal drugs remain this nation's number one concern, and our top domestic priority. So I decided this would be the right forum to announce the second phase of our fight against drugs. As you know, last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent national strategy, to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. We've made some notable progress in the six months since that plan was unveiled. Here in Washington, the number of those arrested who test positive for drugs has dropped dramatically over the past three months -- especially among juveniles. And abroad, last week Columbia has extradited 11 of the world's most- 2 wanted drug merchants, to stand trial here. But given the headlines we've seen over the last six months, it's clear we're only getting started. The plan we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. Today I want to announce the second phase of our strategy -- which explains how we intend to do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Today, we're releasing a blueprint for success. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out just a few highlights and then open the floor for questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the same agressive, intelligent goals and principles we outlined last September: to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand-side approaches. And that means doing everything that works. No miracle cures -- we're moving aggressively from every angle. Our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward education, prevention, treatment, and research. We're calling for more prevention programs in schools and workplaces -- as well as grants for communities to establish education and awareness efforts. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- with careful and constant evaluation of treatment regimes, and a new Office of Treatment improvement at H.H.S. We're emphasizing new research -- in areas like law 3 enforcement technology, treatment, the causes of addiction, and drug use forecasting that will help us spot trends, target resources, and measure the impact of our strategies. And this spring, we'll be releasing the first of an annual, state-by-state status report, measuring progress. Roughly another third of the budget is devoted to domestic and border interdiction. To help local enforcement efforts, the '91 fiscal budget calls for nearly 500 million dollars for state and local law enforcement -- an increase of 228 percent over the last two years. We want to get the right resources, to the right people, on the right level: street level. Today we'll be announcing five High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas -- cities that are already doing a great deal, but need more support and leadership. We want to help them map out a more comprehensive, coordinated approach to fight drugs. Among the steps we're taking to intensify border control, 1000 Customs Agents -- already on the job will be cross- designated with arrest and investigation authority formerly limited to D.E.A. agents. With interdiction in particular, coordination is crucial. We will fight no more turf battles, forever. We're also increasing the number of DEA and FBI agents and personnel, as well as U.S. Attorneys. We support an increase in federal judgeships. We're also calling for an expansion of the death penalty for drug-related crimes. Apart from the severity of punishment, we should no longer debate the certainty of Tator 29020 4 punishment. Finally, over a third of our budget is earmarked for international and overseas operations. We want the multinational criminal organizations that produce and distribute drugs to be more than disrupted -- we intend to see them dismantled, and destroyed, because we don't make deals with dealers. So we're now engaged in expanded -- and unprecedented -- levels of cooperation and assistance, throughout Central and South America. We applaud President Barco's efforts -- and I will reinforce our support for the courageous leaders of the region, at the upcoming summit in Columbia. Our budget for cooperative law enforcement for all international activities has increased from $295 million to over $500 million. We're creating a new National Drug Intelligence Center, to ensure all enforcement agencies get the strategic, organizational, and financial intelligence they need. The Department of Defense has been effective in detection and monitoring beyond anyone's expections. And with the new Financial Crimes Enforcement Network at Treasury, we intend to send a message to money launderers everywhere: The wash cycle just ended, and we're going to hang you out to dry. Now, I imagine the "news" in this chapter of the war on drugs may be its price tag. Spending understandably gets attention. In this case, outlays continue to increase. But I want to emphasize our determination to win this fight -- without adding to the budget deficit -- and yes, without raising taxes. 5 Our 1990 drug budget totalled almost eight billion dollars -- the largest increase in history. Funding for fiscal '91 will be expanded to over ten and a half billion dollars -- a 41 percent increase in one year. In fact, the Federal drug budget, with this request, will be almost 70 percent higher than it was when I took office last year. To those who say our program looks top-heavy on the interdiction side, it's worth remembering that efforts to limit supply are exclusively federal -- and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. We're willing to spend more to limit the drug supply -- because we're willing to do whatever it takes. But the real issue, of course, is not "how much.' It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. No one should hope or expect that we're planning to solve the drug problem simply with programs and pronouncements from the shining city on the hill. Everyone needs to look for ways that they -- as individuals and organizations -- fit into the picture. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example -- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's 6 mission. And that's important. A free press has -- as its right and responsibility -- the obligation to uncover, report, and comment on a nation's problems. But a free press may also contribute to the progress of the society it serves, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no more crucial outlet for America's volunteer spirit, than encouraging the people and the communities of this nation that are being ravaged by drugs. Ours may be an era of limited budgets -- but unlimited resources. If, as Ben Bradlee once said, "News is the first rough draft of history, it's too early to tell how history will judge our efforts to turn the tide of drugs away from America's shores -- and out of her childrens' hands. But if Americans will join together in this struggle -- applying all the power of their hearts and minds -- I believe we will succeed. Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs # # # (Lange/Cawley) January 22, 1989 2:00 P.M. [PUBS.DOC] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER'S LUNCHEON STATE ROOM THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1990 1:15 P.M. (( Let me thank all of you for coming today. Before I get started, let me point out that these remarks were not sold to me by a speechwriter over in Lafayette Park )) It's an honor to have you here. There may be no group in America more aware of the challenges this country is facing, than you here today. So my first thought was to give you a general outline of our agenda, after the first year. But I decided to focus on the first item on the domestic agenda. Illegal drugs remain this nation's number one concern, and our top domestic priority. So I decided this would be the right forum to announce the second phase of our fight against drugs. As you know, last September, for the first time in this country's history, we launched a comprehensive, coordinated, coherent national strategy, to stop the distribution and use of illegal drugs. We've made some notable progress in the six months since that plan was unveiled. [[ A new Gordon Black poll, to be released next week, shows that usage . ]] Here in Washington, the number of those arrested who test positive for 2 drugs has dropped dramatically over the past three months -- especially among juveniles. And last week, Columbia extradited 11 of the world's most-wanted drug merchants, to stand trial here. But given the headlines we've seen over the last six months, it's clear we're only getting started. The plan we laid out last fall outlined what we intend to do. Today I want to announce the second phase of our strategy -- which explains how we intend to do it. Agency by agency, task by task, dollar by dollar. Today we're releasing a blueprint for success. Our outstanding Director for Drug Control Policy, Bill Bennett, will discuss the program later, in depth. Right now I want to sketch out just a few highlights -- and then open the floor for questions. Our approach remains consistent. We're committed to the same agressive, intelligent goals and principles we outlined last September: to reduce use, through an integrated mix of supply- and demand-side approaches. And that means doing everything that works. No one who's studied the problem believes there's a miracle cure out there -- so we're moving aggressively from every angle. rell Our strategy calls for about a third of its funding to go toward education, prevention, treatment, and research. We're calling for more prevention programs in schools and in the workplace -- as well as grants for communities to establish 3 education and awareness efforts. State, local, and private initiatives will continue to play a crucial role here. In our treatment strategies, we're also emphasizing what works -- through careful and constant evaluation of treatment regimes, and a new Office of Treatment improvement at H.H.S. We're devoting special attention to treatment facilities in state jails and prisons. We're especially concerned about adolescents and pregnant women. And we've requested an extra six million dollars to fight the haunting tragedy of cocaine-addicted babies. We're emphasizing new research -- in areas like law enforcement technology, treatment, the causes of addiction, and drug use forecasting that will help us spot trends, target resources, and measure the impact of our strategies. And this spring, we'll be releasing the first of an annual, state-by-state status report, measuring progress. Another third of the budget is devoted to domestic and border interdiction. To help local enforcement efforts, the '91 fiscal budget calls for nearly 500 million dollars for state and local law enforcement -- an increase of 228 percent over the last two years. We want to get the right resources, to the right people, on the right level: street level. We're increasing the number of DEA and FBI agents and personnel, as well as US Attorneys and federal judgeships. borders, cross-desig. And we're calling for an expansion of the death penalty for drug- related crimes. It's time to get the focus 4 The final third of our budget is earmarked for international and overseas operations. As you know, the international cartels have a reputation for sophisticated hardware, marketing and distribution networks. (( We are dealing with an industry that pulls in billions of dollars a year -- and doesn't lose much time doing tax returns. As Woody Allen might add, they also spend very little on office supplies. )) But disproportionate benefits Now, I imagine the "news" in this chapter of the war on drugs may be its price tag. Spending understandably gets attention. In this case, outlays continue to increase. But I want to emphasize our determination to win this fight -- without adding to the budget deficit -- and yes, without raising taxes. Our 1990 drug budget totalled almost eight billion dollars -- the largest increase in history. Funding for fiscal '91 will be expanded to over ten and a half billion dollars -- a 41 percent increase in one year. In fact, the Federal drug budget, 5 with this request, will be almost 70 percent higher than it was when I took office last year. To those who say our program looks top-heavy on the interdiction side, it's worth remembering that efforts to limit supply are exclusively federal -- and inherently more expensive than demand reduction. We're willing to spend more to limit the drug supply -- because we're willing to do whatever it takes. But the real issue, of course, is not "how much. It's "how well." And here the distinction between federal and national is crucial. No one should hope or expect that we're planning to solve the drug problem simply with programs and pronouncements from the shining city on the hill. Everyone needs to look for ways that they -- as individuals and organizations -- fit into the picture. A truly National Drug Control Strategy demands that we tap resources of every description -- public and private; civilian and military; local, state, and federal; volunteer, professional, and personal. I know that some of you -- Joe Williams, of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, to take a notable example -- have made the promotion of volunteerism an important part of your newspaper's mission. And that's important. A free press has -- as its right and I responsibility -- the obligation to uncover, report, and comment on a nation's problems. 6 / But a free press may also contribute to the progress of the society it serves, by pointing to solutions. And there may be no more crucial outlet for America's volunteer spirit, than encouraging the people and the communities of this nation that are being ravaged by drugs. Ours may be an era of limited budgets -- but unlimited resources. If, as Ben Bradlee once said, "News is the first rough draft of history," it's too early to tell how history will judge our efforts to turn the tide of drugs away from America's shores -- and out of her childrens' hands. But if Americans will join together in this struggle -- applying all the power of their hearts and minds -- I believe we will succeed. Today I'm particularly interested in your thoughts and ideas. So I'd like to open up the floor to questions and suggestions -- on any subject, of course, but especially our fight against drugs # # # 000 1005'Lt'l are 000'00L 000'00L'099"01 '09% 127 'al \ COI of = nodor 002E8tb 'Est'b not I = and CONTACTS FOR DRUG STRATEGY SPEECH OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY Bruce Carnes 673-2638 2628 Director of Budget and Planning Frank Kalder 673-2624 Carnes' assistant Daniel Casse 673-2830 Don Hamilton 673-2823 Bennett's Press Secretary David Tell Judge Reggie Walton 673-2444 Director, State & Local Affairs Dr. Herb Cleber 673-2810 Deputy Director of Demand Reduction DEPT. OF STATE Kathleen Shaw Bureau of Int'l Narcotic Matters 647-7399 ONDCP 90 91 8 internation 2,029.2 2,372.7 invests 969.0 1,218.9 inte 419.4 ! 689.9 pros. 536.3 700 corrections 1,814.4 1,297.1 Intel 71.2 172.3 domestic 670.3 810.2 \, r&d 317.5 383.2 regulatory 30.3 33.3 other law 170.2 219.5 enf 10,630,700,000 1 9,483,200,000 605/ht prev. 1,118.1 1,241.8 that 1,337,3 1,491.8 9B483.2 10B630.7 The Media-Advertising Partnership for a Drug-Free America, Inc. In Cooperation with the Ad Council AMERICA, MOBILIZING AGAINST ILLEGAL DRUGS AND READY TO DO MUCH MORE. Summary of research conducted by Gordon S. Black Corporation -810 National Sample Phone Interviews 1/12/90 1. How serious is the illegal drug problem in your community? Very Somewhat 46% 38% 384% Not Very 12% Not At All 3% 2. Are you aware of anti-drug programs in your community? Yes 57% No 43% 3. Are programs? you or anyone in your family involved in volunteer anti-drug Yes 10% No 90% 4. Who sponsors the program? School 38% Civic/Gov't 28% Church Other 20% 10% 5. drugs? How much progress do you feel has been made combatting illegal Community Country Great Deal Some 45% 351% 6% 44% 8% 2,52% Not Very Much 33% 36% None 10% 10% c/o American Association of Advertising Agencies 666 Third Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017 (212) 682-2500 Challenge local officials people want to freeme involved. They're Noly and willing. ashel. 6. Given active community involvement, how long do you think it will take to reduce illegal drug use by 75%? 3 years 5% 5 15% 10 29% median 15 10% 20 8% 20+ 15% Never 14% 7. Do you know someone who uses illegal drugs? Yes 36% No 63% 8. Do you know somebody from whom you could get illegal drugs? Yes 22% No 76% 8. drugs? Should police make major effort to arrest those who buy/use illegal (-not"sell"..) Yes 84% No 13% 9. Would you be willing to spend 5 hours/week in volunteer efforts to stop the sale and use of illegal drugs in your community? Yes 60% 106, 000, 000 people No 34% Am's willing toob within R ferek 10. Would you yourself be willing to donate to a community-wide effort to stop the use of illegal drugs? Yes No $20 60% 32% $50 41% 54% translates anto #5fil $100 53% 44% butnoboly asking 11. In dealing with users do you think the courts are: level. too harsh 5% too lenient 68% about right 19% RP/1bs NORIEGA'S NEXT HOME? Newsweek America's New Alcatraz January.15, 1990:$2.00 EXCLUSIVE THE At His Treacherous Links-With the Drug Cartel. Castro. Bush and the CIA U.S. MARSHAL MIAMI, FL Exceptstron: 41586 I 004 03 18201 0 706285 8 E JUSTICE A New Home for Noriega? The federal prison in Marion, III., the nation's most secure pen, holds hard men doing hard time BY CHRISTOPHER DICKEY years." Noriega may spend the immediate future closer to the Miami courtroom where his case will be heard, possibly on a black box over his handcuffs A military base. But eventually, says a prison keeps the inmate from picking administrator, "we'll get him." the locks. Chains lead through it, The men at Marion have been classified wrapped and padlocked around by the Federal Bureau of Prisons as the his waist. Shackles hobble his most dangerous, the most escape-prone, the feet. But even so three guards surround most threatening or, in many cases, the him as he walks down the long hall from most threatened people in the federal pris- the cellblock to the visiting room. Each on system. More than half the states in the guard carries a yard-long black stick made union and the District of Columbia also of sturdy plastic tipped with steel bearings. send problem prisoners here. Guards like to "Rib spreaders," one explains. "We use 'em say the inmates are the worst of the worst, 'Big Brother is always watching': It could be a coll as prods. They separate the ribs without all the rotten apples put in one barrel: 98 breaking them." percent have some history of violence; 51 This, sooner or later, will likely be Ma- Marion is about movement. If an inmate percent are convicted murderers. The aver- nuel Noriega's new home: the United refuses to move, a specially trained five- age sentence is 39.5 years. Among the in- States Penitentiary at Marion, Ill. It is the man unit in riot helmets and flak jackets mates in the underground K-Unit are two of most rigidly controlled prison in the Unit- America's most famous spies: John Walker enters his cell. Each is assigned a body part: ed States, the institution that took over and Jonathan Pollard. With them there are an arm, a leg, the waist. They take him where Alcatraz left off. Only rarely are down, chain him and carry him out. But Edwin P. Wilson, convicted of supplying prisoners sent here before they're convict- most of the 430 inmates don't move very arms to Muammar Kaddafi; Joseph Paul ed. But a few exceptions have been made much at all. They are confined to their cells Franklin, a racist serial murderer; Bernard for chieftains of the cocaine cartels consid- Welch, a cat burglar, murderer, escape art- for 22 hours a day. It has been that way, ered too famous and too dangerous to hold now, for six years. ist and government informer, and Garrett anywhere else. Carlos Lehder, the master "It's changed a bunch," says Mike Ralls, Trapnell, who hijacked a plane 18 years ago smuggler of the Medellín gang, was held in a guard with the good-ole-boy drawl of to free black activist Angela Davis from Marion before he was convicted. Now he is southern Illinois, peering out from behind prison. She was released. He is still inside. back, serving a sentence of "life plus 135 a thin beard and big aviator glasses. He was The first lesson any prisoner learns at here when the inmates ran riot, murdering SYGMA AP DENNIS COOK-AP Carlos Lehder DENNIS COOK-AP Christopher Boyce BOB DAUGHTRY-AP Edwin P. Wilson Life plus 135 years for Jonathan Pollard The Falcon did part of John Walker Jr. the Colombian drug He ran guns for Libya's his 65-year sentence in An intelligence analyst He sold Navy secrets smuggler Kaddafi. He faces up to 52 who spied for Israel, he's Marion years behind bars. to the Soviets; he may serving a life sentence never leave Marion 66 NEWSWEEK JANUARY 15, 1990 be a college campus except for the guard towers, the fences and the rolls of coiled razor wire along the perimeter LARRY DOWNING-NEWSWEEK each other virtually at will. He was here the U.S. Bureau of Prisons has never had to when two guards were stabbed to death in institution. It offered everything from col- face before. "A few years ago," says Hen- one day. One was slashed 40 times. That lege-level courses to putt-putt golf. And it man, "you had to worry about inmates get- was in October 1983, when the "lockdown" gave its prisoners relative freedom inside ting out. Now you have to worry about keeping the prisoners confined in their its fences. But in 1979, mainly because of its people trying to get in." cells began. It has never ended. With a small size, Marion was declared the only Lehder, who once shipped cocaine to the succession of court decisions to support it, level 6 "supermaximum" security institu- United States by the ton from his mansion probably it never will. Marion is becoming tion in the federal system. Gradually, in- on Bahama's Norman's Cay, is now in the a model for high-security state prisons mates labeled too dangerous or too difficult number-one cell of G-Unit serving a sen- across the country. But there is always an for level 5 prisons like Lompoc or Leaven- tence of life plus 135 years. He put a towel underlying tension. "If they ever opened worth were transferred to Marion. The over the port at the top of his cell door this place up again, there's no tellin' what death toll began to rise. From February when a reporter approached. According to would happen," says Ralls. "It's been down 1980 to October 1983 nine inmates were other inmates and guards, he is busy too long. Too much gone on." killed and two guards were murdered. studying German; he apparently believes Adding to this remarkable mix are the There were 10 riots, 57 serious assaults, that he will go to Germany soon. But no- "separatees," inmates who might kill one 33 attacks on staff. Since the lockdown, body at the prison is sure why, or how. another if placed together. Normally they no staff members have died. Only five in- Wild life: The Marion defenses are one are kept in different institutions. But at mates have been murdered. "They don't part Swiss Army, one part Wild West. Ev- Marion, there are 150 sets of them. There have to worry about protecting their eryone has a role: the secretaries have been are leaders of rival prison gangs known as backs," says Henman. "Big Brother is al- trained to use the prison's rifles-M-14s the Aryan Brotherhood, the Mexican Ma- ways watching." and M-1 carbines-if an assault begins. But fia, the D.C. Blacks. There are five surviv- "Every day that goes by," says Henman, Henman denies reports that antiaircraft ing members of The Order, a racist right- "and no inmate or staff member is serious- batteries of some sort are positioned on the wing group that robbed banks, pulled ly hurt, we've accomplished our mission." grounds. "We don't have any missiles or armored-car heists and murdered Denver For those who behave for a year or more, heat-seeking rockets out there," he says, talk-show host Alan Berg in 1984. there is the promise of gradually improved looking at the tree line only a few hundred Warden Gary Henman, who ran Marion conditions: more personal possessions al- yards away. "I wish to hell we did." until his transfer this month to Leaven- lowed in the cells; an hour or two more of Set at the edge of a wildlife refuge, 100 worth, saw the arrival of the cartel with recreation time. After two years or more, miles southeast of St. Louis, the complex Lehder and Juan Ramón Matta Balles- there is a chance to go to the "pretransfer looks like a junior college except for the teros in the late 1980s. "Any of the real unit" and from there to another, less re- towers, and the fences, and the glistening kingpins eventually will end up here," he strictive prison such as Leavenworth. But cascade of tiny, deadly blades, 13 rolls of said in a recent interview, and that had make a mistake and you wind up back at coiled razor wire, along the perimeter. him worried. At the cartel's command are the beginning of "the program," or worse, Marion was built in 1963, the year Alcatraz in the cells of The Hole. resources—money, men, weapons-which closed, as the very model of a modern penal Each cell in the Disciplinary Segregation NEWSWEEK JANUARY 15, 1990 67 Unit, the Hole, is 7 feet by 9 feet. The bed is The cells are searched often, and any a concrete slab. Two shelves can hold a the inmates have tested positive for the prisoner who leaves the penitentiary for handful of clothes and a couple of books. A AIDS virus. Those men-one of whom bit a any reason is searched in every orifice when seamless, stainless-steel unit holds a toilet guard in another institution-are left iso- he gets back. X-rays can be requested in- and a sink. A small mirror, about four inch- lated, like everyone else. If they develop stead of the manual "finger wave," but the es square, is set in the wall. The view from AIDS symptoms they're rewarded with a prison reserves the right to manual exami- each isn't much better: A set of iron bars transfer out. Each time there is news of nation if the inmate has been subjected to painted a dull red. A couple of yards beyond spreading disease-whether AIDS or intes- too much radiation. Sinuses are examined, that, a thick webbing made of iron, painted tinal flu-the sense of helplessness among too. The process, most often, is videotaped. black (one side of the common "recreation the prisoners mounts. "Something happens A powerfully built man with shaved head area"), then metal bars painted black (the to us, who really cares?" asks Daniel Bifield, and mustache is seated in an examining far side of the recreation area). Finally, a 38, a Hells Angel serving 25 years for extor- room. A prison official is asking him about small window with heavy glass set in thick tion, escape and possession of a firearm. "I his nose. Does he mind having it examined? metal louvers. The recreation area is emp- don't want to die in prison." He says he doesn't think it would make a ty except for a chinning bar and an exercise Many withdraw into their own world. difference if he did mind. bicycle cemented to the floor. In the sum- David Lane, a founding member of the racist "What's that up your right nostril mer there is ventilation but no air condi- group The Order, is serving 190 years on there?" the officer wants to know as he tioning. Temperatures sometimes reach racketeering charges and for violation of shines the light. high into the 90s. civil rights resulting in death; he was part of Death beds: Amnesty Interna- the gang that killed Denver tional, reporting on numerous talk-show host Alan Berg. Each complaints in 1987, concluded morning, Lane wakes up at 6 only that there were "serious o'clock. Then he stuffs wet toilet shortcomings in the measures paper in his ears and begins to taken to investigate the allega- hum: sometimes something by tions." Officials offer a ration- Patsy Cline; sometimes the al, even benign explanation for Horst Wessel Song. "There's every rule. Guards hammer the times in prison when the noise, bars periodically-all but deaf- to a quiet man, is like sticking ening prisoners with the ear- your head in a drum with some- splitting noise-in order to one banging on it." So Lane make sure no one has sawed hums and retreats. "I live with into them. The black paint Leonidas [the Spartan king] at gives the cellblock the air of a Thermopylae. But to most peo- dungeon, but it helps guards ple their immediate environ- see the length of the recreation ment is their life. Here, every area. The beds are made of con- sensory experience is removed, crete because metal beds pro- except you and Big Brother, vide bits of iron or steel to make you and the State. An inmate daggers or "shanks." Large constantly tries to assert, 'I am plastic lighting fixtures have human.' Everything around given way to smaller, dimmer LARRY DOWNING-NEWSWEEK him tells him, 'No, you're not, ones because the plastic covers No sudden moves: Uncuffing an inmate in the exercise yard You're a cipher'." on the old ones could be sheared Michael Whitehead's cell has into shanks which can't be detected by met- black-and-white television and "You mean the bugger?" al detectors. radio. Available to all prisoners except "If it's a bugger, it's wrapped in Most of Marion's prisoners are fed in cellophane." those in the Hole, the entertainment helps their cells. Until recently their food came in pacify the men. They get all the local chan- It's handcuff keys. Handcuff keys. The cellophane wrappers, but those, too, have nels and the networks. There are also in- officer walks away with them and the now been banned. Burning aspirin as a inmate, his hands cuffed behind his house videos: Jane Fonda workout tapes, source of heat, some inmates melted cello- recent movies ("Dangerous Liaisons") and back, looks around expectantly, helplessly. phane, molded it, hardened it, fashioned it "Somebody wipe my nose?" mood films. One, showing canoes on lakes, into crude blades. Last year a Cuban prison- trout, geese and herons, thsoothing natu- The frustrations, the anger, mount slow- er was killed with one of these cellophane ral sounds, is called "Solitudes." These ly, like the weight of routine. The guards daggers. Today, James P. Wagner, a robber- provide little comfort for Whitehead. The know it. Feel it. "Some inmates, you look in killer, is complaining that yellow legal pads Aryan Brotherhood, one of the most infa- their eyes and you know they're thinking have been declared contraband; he says it's mous prison gangs, is said to have contracts about cutting your throat," says Danny Hil- an effort to keep him from pursuing his out on him, believing he gave evidence liard, one of the H-Unit officers. "But if you legal cases. But last summer another pris- against the gang's members. start looking at them like wild animals, oner managed to fashion a bomb out of Punching bag: Marion offers him some secu- you're going to have problems. Most of the ground match heads, with bits of metal time, you got to take care of them. It's like rity, but the gangs are patient. Last year one zipper as shrapnel, sewn meticulously into gang ordered the execution of a former working in a nursing home." the rolled-up cardboard backing of a legal The water for Marion prison comes from member who had made it through the pro- pad. So cardboard is contraband. Last gram to B-Unit, where he awaited a trans- Crab Orchard Lake, which suffers from low- month matches were banned as well. By fer. This seemed like a safe haven-Mar- level contamination by PCBs. Still, the En- trial and error, and this long process of ion's authorities assume that inmates will vironmental Protection Agency has deter- elimination, nearly everything has been mined that the ake meets federal standards do nothing in B-Unit to jeopardize their taken from the prisoners. for drinking water. More seriously, eight of chances of getting out. But the gang mem- bers chose to obey their orders instead. Al- 68 NEWSWEEK JANUARY 15, 1990 legedly, they cornered their tar- ing a life sentence. Edwin P. get in his cell and hanged him. Wilson supplied arms, explo- They tried to make it look like a sives and terrorist training to suicide but were caught and Libya. For that, and for trying shipped back to the Hole. "Itwas to put out a murder contract almost like a kamikaze kind of from jail, Wilson is serving 52 thing," says Henman. years. Serial killer Joseph Paul The men in the eight Franklin was a member of the basement cells of K-Unit are Ku Klux Klan and the Ameri- not America's most dangerous can Nazi Party who ambushed criminals, merely some of its his victims, usually interracial most infamous. Their cells look couples, with a long-range rifle. like mansions compared with LARRY DOWNING-NEWSWEEK Homemade arsenal: Confiscated daggers known as 'shanks' He is serving life plus life. In the rest of Marion: 200 square the cell next to him is Garrett feet, a private shower, book- Trapnell, who hijacked an air- shelves and a typewriter, a 19-inch color jective." He insists that the conditions plane in 1972 to free Angela Davis. He is television. There is a pool table and a small are not especially punitive. But David serving life plus five years plus five years library that only two inmates can use at a Ward, a University of Minnesota sociology consecutively. For a time, Christopher time. But the atmosphere of hopelessness professor who has studied Alcatraz and Boyce, the young spy known as the Falcon, that pervades the basement is more pro- Marion, comes to a different conclusion. was held here after he escaped from a less foundstill than in the Hole. K-Unit is itsown In a system without capital punishment, secure prison. isolated world. The only outside recreation he says, K-Unit is "a collection of prison- The men of K-Unit look to their dreams area is virtually aconcrete pit, about thesize ers who are there for symbolic reasons, to for solace. Wilson recalls the delights of the of a back swimming pool, covered show what the federal government can do high-rolling life he used to lead: "When I over with storm fencing, a TV camera peer- if it really gets angry." die, don't want to go to heaven, I want to go ing down from above, its equipment nothing Most of the K-Unit inmates committed to a good Paris restaurant." Walker and more than a basketball hoop and a well- crimes with political-and international- Pollard, according to other inmates and worn punching bag. implications. The most heavily guarded is guards, imagine that someday they will be This pit is the totality of K-Unit's world. Jonathan Pollard, the former U.S. Navy "traded" out of prison in an exchange for The men here are not part of Marion's intelligence analyst sentenced to life im- captured American spies. Trapnell has program. Good behavior won't get them prisonment in 1987 for spying for Israel. been working on a film script. "It's called out. Among administrators it's called "the "Pollard is going to be down there awhile," "The Parole Plan,' about a guy who's spent director's unit," because it's the director says one senior prison official, "mainly his life in prison. When he gets out, he has of the Bureau of Prisons who decides who because he is a national-security problem. to get around the work ethic, so he takes goes in and for how long. To get out, says He still possesses a lot of information." over the Bahamas." Norman Carlson, the former director who John Walker spied for the Soviets, in one Bad apples: Critics of Marion's "high-secu- established the K-Unit, "time is the only of the most damaging espionage cases ever rity operation" say it "works like an anchor factor." How much time? "It's totally sub- discovered by the United States. He is serv- and it pulls every other institution toward its own repressive ends." They dismiss the Bureau of Prisons argument that by con- Safe and Secure But Lacking Amenities centrating "all the bad apples" in one place, other prisons can be more open insti- In an inmates' guide to jailhouses, the federal prison at Marion would not earn tutions. "It just isn't true," says Jan Susler, even a rating of one star. No one inside would mistake it for a country club. a Chicago attorney who has represented several Marion inmates. "Since they have ITEM GENERAL POPULATION AT AT MARION OTHER U.S. PENITENTIARIES had the lockdown at Marion other institu- Bed type Flexible springs. Concrete slabs. tions have tightened up, too." None of this will seem attractive to Nori- Food service Buffet style in central Prepackaged ration mess hall. Seconds. ega. As an inmate awaiting trial, his regi- in cell. No seconds. men at Marion would be roughly as strict as Out-of-cell time 14-16 hours per day. 2 hours per day. that of his convicted neighbors. If he is Recreation 5 hours per day, min. 2 hours per day. found guilty, he could spend the rest of his life adjusting to the peculiarities of the Outside yard All day weekends; min. 2 hours, twice a week. southern Illinois climate. As a military 3 hours weekdays man, the discipline will not be strange, Commissary Convenience-store inventory. Limited goods, though taking orders is less desirable than delivered to cell. giving them. And he won't have much op- Oil painting Yes. No. portunity to indulge the exotic tastes of flesh and blood that have been attributed to Knitting Yes. Limited. him in the media. Still, the solitude will Access to TV Color TV, 16 hours per day Black-and-white TV in cell. give him an opportunity to capitalize on his in common areas. notoriety. As Richard Nixon once sagely Restraints when commented, when he, too, faced the pros- moved inside pect of a stretch in the slammer, some of the institution No. Yes, handcuffs. best political writing has been done from SOURCE: GARRETT BROCK TRAPNELL, INMATE NUMBER 72021-158 jail. "Noriega: My Story" is a book awaiting only a million-dollar advance and the time to write it. NEWSWEEK JANUARY 15, 1990 69 Fear, Anger criminals who are allowed to victimize entire communities, yet receive little or no punishment if caught. I don't fault our law enforcers. Each one who has been in my home has been a caring, supporting person, as equally enraged as I. And and Revenge as impotent. As a society we teach our children that a "community" (be it a family, a classroom or a town) can exist only if we follow the rules, and when we break rules certain punish- BY BECKY FERGUSON ments will follow. I asked my 9-year-old why she doesn't throw food in the school lunchroom. "I'd get in trouble!" she responded. And so she should. hey're back I've been hit again. Another break- What's happened? Where are the rules of society we work T in. This time as I was leaving my home I saw my so hard to teach our children? How did we evolve into a three-foot cerebral-palsy puppet, which I use in an society that protects a criminal's rights to the extent that educational program, hanging upside down, from private citizens are held hostage? I cannot disagree with a tree. I looked around my car. Other things were the presumption that a person is innocent until proven missing. Immediately those familiar feelings of surprise, guilty, but I do believe that the pendulum of "justice" has fear, anger, revenge and then, as always, helplessness swung too far in that direction. It's only when a person came over me. When is it going to stop? As I retrieved becomes a habitual criminal, or when the crime is such Mark from the tree, it occurred to me how like Mark I that society is totally enraged, that just punishment is am-a helpless puppet. even considered. In my community first- or second-time After experiencing 10 break-ins or attempted break-ins burglary suspects are released—there is just no room in over the last six years, I have had it! But then comes the the jail. They are back on the street in three or four hours helplessness. I had "had it" after the first break-in, but what ready to strike again, with even greater motivation, know- can do? have a sophisticated security system that automat- ing that their risks are small. ically calls the sheriff. I keep Sense of community: Many of serial numbers on all the these "smaller crimes" are "popular" items (TV, stereo, VCR, etc.). I write STOLEN A gentle, committed by teenagers or young adults who seem FROM FERGUSON on all our lawn and garden tools. I giving' person to have gotten lost, who seem to have slipped keep a loaded gun. I had a gets tough on through the cracks during dog, but even she was stolen. crime after one those all-important impres- I feel like a hostage in my sionable years. And we are own home. too many producing more lost souls The sum total of all the goods stolen over the years burglaries every year in many of our educational systems. In this and the damage done proba- world of bigger is better and bly equals, monetarily, less "money saving" cuts, we than what we donate to charities in two or three months. But have traded our smaller neighborhood schools for large, that isn't the issue. Anyone who has had even one attempted broader institutions. While it may save money and provide a burglary can testify to the personal violation they feel. wider scope of academic experiences, in the process one's I've never been raped or physically abused, yet I feel as identity and self-esteem are often sacrificed. How can a child though I've endured the same indignities as victims of such who has little or no home support be expected to develop a heinous crimes. sense of worth, a sense of belonging, amid the confusion that I am a gentle, giving person. I am your typical Wasp stay- is rampant in elementary schools of 500-plus students and at-home mom who spends a lot of time volunteering away high schools with campuses as large as many colleges? In a from home. I teach a free dance class twice a week for neighborhood school, teachers know every child and every the city Recreation Department. But my tape player and all child's parents, or lack of parents. A supportive sense of my dance tapes were stolen in this last break-in. I plan community naturally evolves, and a child grows up believ- and cook Wednesday-night meals at our church. But ing he is a viable part of a whole. some of the proceeds from a dinner were stolen in the To crack down on "smaller crimes," we have to start with burglary. I am a volunteer puppeteer with an organization the smaller people-our children. Raise them and educate called Kids on the Block. But Mark, my puppet, was left them in an environment that doesn't allow so many to get hanging in the tree, and his storage bag and part of his lost in the crowd. If we can start here, perhaps we could wheelchair were stolen. So much of the "giving" me was alter the recognized route of habitual criminals. The dust taken with this last burglary. of petty crimes is being swept under our carpet, and the What if I were able to confront one of the guilty? The one pile is growing larger and spreading the eventual filth of time I interrupted an attempted break-in I was so enraged, major crimes throughout the country. It's time for some had I been armed I would have shot to kill. All I could do, housecleaning, America. however, was chase him into the woods. But had I gotten Did thinking about and writing a "My Turn" bring to light revenge, would be the guilty one and the victim would have any new solutions? Not really. Will it reduce the number of been a "young, pitiful, disadvantaged teenager who should break-ins? Probably not. Did it help diffuse any of my rage? have been in school." Perhaps a little-until the next break-in, and then the When your privacy has been violated as often as mine cycle will begin again. I just hope next time it's not me they your attitude is also affected. The "gentle and giving" me leave hanging from a tree. goes beyond seeing these people as the tragic result of a bad home life. They are members of an ever growing group of Ferguson, a homemaker, lives in Knoxville, Tenn. NEWSWEEK JANUARY 15, 1990 9 DRAFT National Drug Control Strategy Executive Summary January 1990 DRAFT The National Drug Control Strategy, January 1990 Executive Summary In accordance with the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, the President transmitted a National Drug Control Strategy on September 5th, 1989. The Act also requires that subsequent National Strategies be submitted each year by February 1. The January 1990 National Drug Control Strategy is a companion volume to the Strategy released last September. Like its predecessor, this Strategy presents a coordinated and comprehensive plan of attack involving every important anti-drug initiative. The September Strategy described our national drug problem and sketched the broad outlines of national drug control policy; this volume of the Strategy lays out, in considerable detail, what Federal drug policy will look like when implemented: the activities and responsibilities of Federal departments and agencies; specific initiatives to begin in this fiscal year; and the funding and legislation necessary to carry out the Administration's policy. Throughout the Strategy, State and local governments are urged to devise drug plans and devote the needed resources to drug control activities so that they can become full partners in a national policy. The fundamental principle of the National Strategy remains unchanged: to reduce drug use through a mix of supply and demand DRAFT policies. All the initiatives and proposals contained in the first Strategy are still a part of the Administration's national drug policy; this second volume builds on it and closely examines the component parts of a comprehensive drug plan. The January 1990 Strategy also follows the same format as the first Strategy. Seven chapters (Criminal Justice, Drug Treatment, Education Workplace, and Community, International Initiatives, Interdiction Efforts, A Research Agenda, and An Intelligence Agenda) contain a thorough discussion of issues, policies, and activities related to our national drug control activities. The Administration's formal designations of High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas and a broad review of Federal drug program management are included in separate appendices. For Fiscal Year 1991, the Administration is seeking XX billion dollars in drug-related funding -- a $xx billion (xx percent) increase over the past fiscal year and a $xx billion increase (xx percent) since Fiscal Year 1989. DRAFT Highlights from the January 1990 National Drug Control Strategy Criminal Justice Expanded Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces The Administration will seek $xx to provide more investigators and agents, additional financial crime specialists, intelligence analysts, and criminal attorneys. More DEA and FBI agents $xx million sought for more DEA agents and support personnel. Expansion of DEA technical, communications, and information capability. More FBI agents, analysts, and foreign language specialists. Expanded Precursor Chemical Program Operation Chemcon, a joint Customs-DEA program, to be extended to all domestic ports of entry to seize smuggled chemicals essential for illegal drug production. Strengthened Prosecutorial Resources 800 additional U.S. Attorneys (mandated by the President's Violent Crime Initiative) to be in place by FY 1991. Additional attorneys and staff for the Criminal and Tax Division of the Justice Department. More U.S. Court Capacity Establishment of 75 new Federal judgeships. Additional court clerks, administrators, court officers, and legal services for indigent defendants. More Prison Space On Line Over 3,000 new beds to be available in the Federal prison system this fiscal year. Drug Treatment More and Better Drug Treatment Services $xxx million in drug treatment funding for the ADAMHA block grant. Creation of the Office of Treatment Improvement within the DRAFT Department of Health and Human Services to provide national leadership in drug treatment and focus on the quality and effectiveness of treatment methods. Innovative Treatment through Demonstration Projects Treatment programs for adolescents, treatment "campuses", treatment evaluation and referral programs. Treatment for Pregnant Women and Infants $xx million devoted to outreach, treatment, and research for expectant mothers and their children. More Comprehensive Drug Treatment Increased vocational counseling, training services, and aftercare for recovering drug addicts. Education, Community, and Workplace More School-Based Drug Education Programs Efforts aimed at high-risk and minority youth. Expanded evaluations of school drug prevention programs. Community Drug Prevention $xx million incentive grants for communities that create broad-based, comprehensive, local prevention programs. Drug Free Public Housing O $xx for the Public Housing Drug Elimination grants programs. Drug Free Workplace Cooperation with the private sector to develop drug-free workplace programs. International Initiatives Expanded Andean Strategy Increased military, law enforcement, and economic assistance to Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Increased Cooperation with Mexico Cooperative law enforcement efforts with Mexico to include drug-related investigations, money laundering disruption, DRAFT and the enhancement of Mexican drug interdiction programs. Strengthened Financial Crimes Enforcement Money laundering and other drug-related financial crimes to become an Administration priority through the Department of Treasury's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCEN) and the multi-agency Drug-Related Financial Crimes Policy Group. Interdiction Efforts Focus on the Southwest Border Increased numbers of Customs and INS Inspectors and Border Patrol along the Southwest border. Larger Department of Defense Role O Expanded Department of Defense role in the detection and monitoring phase of drug interdiction, and Department support to border control agencies. A Research Agenda Wider Range of Basic Drug Information Better estimates of production and consumption; the economic impact of drugs; criminal justice simulation models. Expanded drug use survey research. Regional and State Measures of Progress Development of a "status report" on State drug use indicators and drug control efforts. Medical and Scientific Research Continued research on drug addiction and pregnancy; AIDS and drugs; medications development Broader drug detection technology and law enforcement research. An Intelligence Agenda National Drug Intelligence Center Creation of a National Drug Intelligence Center to coordinate and consolidate drug intelligence from all law enforcement agencies to produce a strategic picture of drug trafficking networks. DRAFT High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Five Areas Designated as HIDTAs New York, Los Angeles, Miami, Houston, and the Southwest Border formally designated High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas. $xx million to be devoted to these areas to intensify law enforcement and interdiction activities. Q2:30 Gir me an Rour" Tell: High don't are tion at all - let Benett OK increase. - don't play up N JACKSON SEZ EMPM. And. SUGGS. SHOULD fast Sept- 1st notl They Grol Strat (Bipart supp pepula stating 7 tenn the cour, Terry term #6.3 bil 70% highr in one year corgrat barco Casse suggests using a very soft sell on the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas. It is not a clear victory for anyone, and everyone will no doubt find a gripe about it. Hamilton health penalty- yes, but tread bighty awareness 1 A.C. accept drug tests V we are getting the by guys now (improsible 10pm ago) able to extradite peple we couldn't have Youcled MICHAEL JACKSON AEXPANSION of death penalty 3 particular doth I APC whing paper on death prealty Strategy copy (CLOSE HOLD.) Smph. treatment - doing a lot, should resp of state, local an empl. on treatment priv. sector that washs. some reps. exclusively Fed. office of Treatment disproverement interdiction Ar. Beavie frimen 443-6549 NIDA Ar. from Jaffe 443-6480 Ohg TRANMENT Tell- no Jachoon yes Casse- 68% increase Rast 13mos.) - Publishers orght to from what wei doing Congress oped Anger been beating m me up '91 Budget - no major increases $ SINCE he Yook office, we should hage anto of Han September. t major Arey Control UNIFIED 1st fine coordinated EFFORT ["companion vohune" >> we remain committed to same/principle in - intobolget apple SINCE SAN '88 A 2.2 bil increase total the #5 1.5 b DOD - an extra bilber (some is extra acotg.) military Comprehensive. We're doug A N treatment balanced appreach tosupply schools Strevention 33%33%33% demand crim.just. oversen Border educa infil addomstr prevation strategy remains same Coolination. Colorence "furt battler "? We just solved One. everyonds Customs & DEA everything. shooting Co each other Nowanthorized an ross-deaymate Crims let look 1000 custome agents over rext 18 mos already there, already trained 15 years of chaos - taken care of P.30, STRAT FCEN - Treasory - Money laundering Wall sample- 6-7,000 1/12 USA Today (844 plane) I 5 community planing SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 4:58PM ; 4562983;# 3 3 The National Drug Control Strategy, January 1990 Executive Summary In accordance with the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, the President presented his first National Drug Control Strategy on September 5th, 1989. The Act requires that subsequent National strategies be submitted each year by February 1. The 1990 National Drug Control Strategy, released on January 25, is a companion volume to the Strategy released last September. Like its predecessor, this strategy presents a coordinated and comprehensive plan involving Federal, State, and local government; the private sector; schools, colleges, and universities; churches and other religious groups; and countless community organizations. The September Strategy described our national drug problem and sketched the broad outlines of national drug control policy; this volume of the Strategy lays out, in considerable detail, what Federal drug policy will look like when implemented: the activities and responsibilities of Federal departments and agencies; specific initiatives to begin in this fiscal year; and the funding necessary to carry forward the Administration's policy. Throughout the strategy, State and local governments are urged to devise drug plans and devote the needed resources to drug control activities so that they can become full partners in a national policy. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 4:58PM ; 4562983;# 4 The fundamental principle of the National Strategy remains firm: to reduce drug use through a mix of supply and demand policies. All the initiatives and proposals contained in the first strategy are still a part of the Administration's national drug policy; this second volume builds on it and closely examines the component parts of a comprehensive drug plan. The 1990 Strategy follows the same format as the first Strategy. Seven chapters (Criminal Justice, Drug Treatment, Education Workplace, and Community, International Initiatives, Interdiction Efforts, A Research Agenda, and An Intelligence Agenda) present a thorough discussion of issues, policies, and activities related to our national drug control activities. The Administration's formal designations of High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas and a broad review of Federal drug program management issues and budget proposals are included in separate appendices. For Fiscal Year 1991, the Administration is seeking $10.6 billion in drug-related funding -- a $4.3 billion (69 percent) increase since taking office twelve months ago and a $1.1 billion (12 percent) increase over Fiscal Year 1990. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 4:59PM ; 4562983;# 5 5 Highlights from the January 1990 National Drug Control Strategy Criminal Justice Expanded Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces An additional $115 million sought to provide more investigators and agents, additional financial crime specialists, intelligence analysts, and criminal attorneys. More DEA and FBI agents $151 million more sought for additional DEA agents and support personnel. Expansion of DEA technical, communications, and information capability. More FBI agents, analysts, and foreign language specialists. Expanded Precursor Chemical Program Operation Chemcon, a DEA-Customs program, to be extended to all domestic ports of entry to seize smuggled chemicals essential for illegal drug production. strengthened Prosecutorial Resources o 700 additional U.S. Attorneys and staff (mandated by the President's Violent Crime Initiative) for drug-related cases to be in place by Fiscal Year 1991. Additional attorneys and staff for the Criminal and Tax Divisions of the Justice Department. More U.S. Court Capacity Creation of 75 new Federal judgeships. Additional court clerks, administrators, court officers, and legal services for indigent defendants. More Prison Space On Line Funding for over 6,000 new beds for the Federal prison system in Fiscal Year 1991. Proposed Legislation on the Federal Death Penalty Proposed legislation to make the death penalty available in cases involving three additional categories of drug offenders: major drug kingpins; drug kingpins who attempt to kill in order to obstruct justice; and Federal drug SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 4:59PM ; 4562983;# 6 G felons whose offense result in death. Drug Treatment More and Better Drug Treatment Services $1.5 billion for drug treatment grants and Federal treatment programs. Creation of the Office of Treatment Improvement within the Department of Health and Human Services to provide national leadership in drug treatment and focus on the quality and effectiveness of treatment methods. Innovative Treatment through Demonstration Projects 0 Approximately $200 million for treatment programs directed at adolescents, pregnant women and infants, in addition to treatment "campuses" and treatment evaluation and referral programs. Treatment for Pregnant Women and Infants o $6 million to improve outreach and treatment services for drug-affected babies. More Comprehensive Drug Treatment Increased vocational counseling, training services, and aftercare for recovering drug addicts. Education, Community, and Workplace More School-Based Drug Education Programs Efforts aimed at high-risk and minority youth. o Expanded school drug prevention programs and evaluations. Community Drug Prevention $102 million incentive grants for communities that create broad-based, comprehensive, local prevention programs. Drug-Free Public Housing o $150 million for the Public Housing Drug Elimination program. Drug-Free Workplace Cooperation with the private sector to develop drug-free workplace programs. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:00PM ; 4562983;# 8 8 Medical and scientific Research 01 Expanded research on drug addiction and pregnancy; AIDS and drugs; medications development 0 Broader drug detection technology and law enforcement research. An Intelligence Agenda National Drug Intelligence Center 0 Creation of a National Drug Intelligence Center to coordinate and consolidate drug intelligence from all law enforcement agencies and to produce a strategic picture of drug trafficking networks. High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Five Areas Designated as HIDTAS o New York, Los Angeles, Miami, Houston, and the Southwest border formally designated High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas. o $50 million to be devoted to these areas to intensify law enforcement and interdiction activities. Additional detail on the National Drug Control Budget is available in the "Budget Summary," a separate publication to be released January 29, 1990. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:00PM ; 4562983;# 9 9 CRIMINAL JUSTICE INITIATIVES (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ % State & Local 311 670 810 140 21 Assistance Investigations 900 969 1,219 250 26 Prosecution 391 536 700 164 31 Other 1,080 2,016 1,550 -466 -23 Total 2,682 4,191 4,279 88 2 NOTE: The "other" category above includes $1 billion in FY 1990 for prison construction, a cost that does not need to be repeated in FY 1991. The true programmatic increase for the Criminal Justice System from 1990 to 1991 is actually $1.1 billion, an increase of 34 percent over 1990, instead of the $88 million suggested by the nominal bottom line. CURRENT STATUS 0 Investigative resources are not sufficient to the task. Many State and local criminal justice systems are over- whelmed by the amount of drug activity. o The rapid rise in drug prosecutions threatens to overwhelm the Federal courts. Caseload, security, and post-arrest and pre-sentencing detention are key problem areas. Those under correctional supervision are a high risk group for drug abuse. An estimated 50 percent of Federal prison system inmates and nearly 80 percent of State prison inmates have had experience with drug use or addiction. o Domestic cannabis production is up -- 25 percent of the cannabis available is grown in the United States. STRATEGY II PROPOSALS o Increase funding for DEA activities (agents and support personnel) by $151 M. Included will be an additional $10M for DEA State and Local Task Forces. o Dedicate an additional $32M to expand FBI activities. o Double the funding (to $35M) for programs to attack domestic marijuana production. DEA, Forest Service, National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, and Bureau of Land Management are all involved in this task. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:01PM ; 4562983:#10 10 Use ONDCP's special forfeiture funds to improve technical, information processing, and communications capabilities for law enforcement. Expand funding for BATF's drug-related investigations by nearly $6M. Expand funding for DEA state/local Task Forces by $10M. Increase DOJ grants to state and local law enforcement to $492M (an increase of 228 percent since taking office). Provide $403M for drug-related activities within the U.S. Court system, to include more clerks, administrators, court officers, and increased legal services for indigent defendants. Request 75 new judgeships for the Federal Court System. Provide the U.S. Marshals with $47M in new drug-related resources and to expand their Prison Transportation and Detention Program. Devote $8M to expand drug treatment within the Federal prison system and $28M for the substance Abuse Treatment Program in the U.S. Probation Office. Expand and improve similar programs in state prisons through the use of ADAMHA block grants. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:01PM ; 4562983;#11 TREATMENT INITIATIVES (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ # ADAMHA 392 686 760 74 11 VA 240 269 298 29 11 Other 256 382 434 52 14 Total 888 1,337 1,492 155 12 CURRENT STATUS o The Federal Government provides approximately $1.3 billion in support for treatment. Federal block grant funds support the equivalent of 71,000 treatment slots able to serve roughly 178,000 patients each year. o Combined with State/local/private sources, total treatment capacity is at least 329,000 slots, according to the 1987 National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey. We suspect this number has grown to at least 380,000, possibly as high as 643,000 in 1990. STRATEGY II PROPOSAL 0 Add 15,400 slots to the block grant and demonstration programs, servicing approximately 38,500 clients. Provide additional job training and counseling services for recovering addicts with a 20% increase in Federal support from $70 million to $84 million. o Add $6 million to the Office of Human Development Services to improve and expand outreach and treatment services to assist "cocaine babies." Develop innovative approaches to drug treatment, including drug treatment campuses and special programs targeted on adolescents and pregnant women. Expand fellowship and grant programs for treatment professionals and staff to $26 million. o Establish the Office of Treatment Improvement (HHS) to focus on the quality and effectiveness of drug treatment. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:02PM ; 4562983;#12 12 o Enhance treatment research by $30 million, including expanded data collection, medications development, and evaluation of current treatment methods. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:02PM ; 4562983;#13 13 EDUCATION, COMMUNITY ACTION AND THE WORKPLACE (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ * Education 355 539 593 54 10 HHS (ADAMHA) 121 235 283 48 20 Other 201 344 366 22 6 Total 677 1,118 1,242 124 11 CURRENT STATUS 0 Drug prevention programs are more common among higher education institutions than drug testing or drug treatment - 43% had prevention programs; 10% had drug testing programs; 14% had treatment programs. (1987 Data) o HUD will award slightly more than 8M for Public Housing Drug Elimination grants in FY 1989 and $98M in FY 1990. o In the private sector, large companies (64%) are much more likely than small firms: (1%) to have drug-testing programs. Recent Gallup survey shows that support for drug testing is increasing. STRATEGY PROPOSAL o More Drug Education Programs : Increase Drug Free Schools grants by nearly $50M. -- Increase accountability and coordination between schools and communities for drug prevention programs. : Seek $25M for emergency grants to urban and rural education agencies. -- Issue new anti-drug handbook for parents and publish model anti-drug curriculum by March. o Enhance Community Drug Prevention : Seek $50M more for community incentive grants to fund comprehensive prevention strategies. : Establish new research center on minority drug prevention. -- Seek $38M in OSAP prevention grants for drug using pregnant and postpartum women and their infants. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:03PM ; 4562983;#14 14 : Encourage private sector to expand initiatives aimed at minority youth and high risk youth (1.e. President's Drug Advisory Council). Eliminate Drugs from Public Housing Projects -- Seek $150M for the Public Housing Drug Elimination program -- a 50% increase. Encourage Drug-Free Workplaces -- Develop model legislation for the States on drug-free workplace. -- Urge Federal agencies to fully implement drug-free workplace programs. -- Continue to support private sector efforts aimed at drug-free workplaces. -- Encourage companies to establish drug testing programs in instances of public safety. Reduce Steroid Abuse -- Increase efforts to inform the public, particularly youth, on the dangers of steroid abuse. o Increase International Demand Reduction -- Emphasize international cooperation to reduce demand reduction in key countries. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:04PM ; 4562983;#17 17 Improve chemicals. interdiction of drug money, munitions, and precursor -- Bring joint Coast Guard/Customs C3I systems fully on-line and integrate it with EPIC and DOD joint task forces. -- Create Border Interdiction Committee (formerly TIC). Enhance interdiction programs. -- Improve Coast Guard maritime intercept/apprehension programs. -- Expand Coast Guard Shiprider program. -- Improve air target sorting process. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:04PM ; 4562983:#18 18 RESEARCH INITIATIVES (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ of Treatment Research 125 153 183 30 20 Prevention Research 80 128 154 26 20 Other Research 26 37 46 9 24 Total 231 318 383 65 20 CURRENT STATUS o At present, drug-related research receives approximately $318 million annually in Federal support. STRATEGY II PROPOSAL o Seek $383 million for drug-related research in FY 91, an increase of $65 million. (20%) from FY 90 to: : Estimate economic impact of drugs, effectiveness of alternative drug control policies, and impact of drug enforcement on the criminal justice system. : Improve information base on which to assess the efficacy of drug-control activities by developing regional and State drug-related data. -- Expand and broaden national data collection on drugs and drug use, including larger and more frequent household surveys; surveys targeted on hard-to-reach populations (e.g., heroin addicts, the homeless) i broaden high school surveys; and enlarge information collection on drug treatment. : Increase technological and scientific research related to drug enforcement and interdiction. -- Expand drug treatment research focused on addiction, AIDS and drug use, medications development, treatment for pregnant addicts, and basic issues related to neurobiological and behavioral issues. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:05PM ; 4562983;#19 19 INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVES (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ # Intel Ctr 0 o 86 86 N/A Other 53 71 86 15 21 Total 53 71 172 101 142 CURRENT STATUS o The two principal sources for drug-related intelligence ( foreign and law enforcement intelligence) must capitalize on opportunities to collect potentially useful information and then analyze and disseminate this intelligence to aid our drug control programs. STRATEGY II PROPOSAL o Create National Drug Intelligence Center to consolidate and coordinate relevant law enforcement information related to drug trafficking. It will: -- Develop/maintain computer databases for entire law enforcement community. -- Provide intelligence to law enforcement agencies. -- Establish collection requirements for law enforcement community. : Serve as exchange point between law enforcement and foreign intelligence communities. -- Assess interagency intelligence efforts. -- Promote information sharing among various law enforcement communities. : Provide strategic assessments of drug smuggling and distribution organizations. SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:05PM ; 4562983:#20 20 Automated Data Processing -- Expand and improve ADP technology by drug enforcement intelligence agencies. -- Refine procedures 80 national foreign intelligence is available to appropriate law enforcement agencies. -- Ensure information from existing/new ADP systems is basis. available to law enforcement officials on need-to-know SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:05PM ; 4562983;#21 21 HIGH INTENSITY DRUG TRAFFICKING AREAS (BA in millions of dollars) Increase 90-91 1989 1990 1991 $ % ONDCP o 25 50 25 100 NOTE: These figures are presented for display only. They are included in the Totals shown for Criminal Justice. CURRENT STATUS O Section 1005 of ADAA-88 authorizes the Director of ONDCP to designate areas as "high intensity drug trafficking areas." Because the September 1989 strategy was submitted "off cycle" from the budget, no HIDTAs were designated. STRATEGY II PROPOSAL o Designate five areas as HIDTAS: New York City, Los Angeles, Miami, Houston, and the Southwest border. Double funding for HIDTAs: $25M in FY 90 to $50M in FY 91. Request $1.4B for other drug enforcement, treatment, and prevention activities targeted on the five designated areas --a $168M increase over the 1990 level. Nationwide, increase Federal resources to States and localities by 13%, including additional resources for: -- OCDE Task Forces: FY 90: $215M; FY 91: $330M -- DEA State & Local Task Forces: FY 90: $32M; FY 91: $42M -- Justice Grant Programs: FY 90: $447H; FY 91: $492M -- DEA Domestic Marijuana Eradication: FY 90: $4M; FY 91: $14M -- Public Housing: FY 90: $98M; FY 91: $150M -- State National Guard Operations: FY 90: $70M; FY 91: $81M -- Drug Treatment: FY 90: $686M; FY 91: $760M -- Prevention: FY 90: $235M; FY 91: $283M -- Drug-Free Schools: FY 90: $539M; FY 91: $593M SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 : 1-19-90 ; 5:06PM ; 4562983;#22 22 Introduction possibilities of an entire generation of disadvantaged young people. They need help. Their neighborhoods need help. A decent and respon- sible America must fully mobilize to provide it. Thinking About Drugs and Public Policy What. generally speaking. should we do? What's the best way to fight drugs and drug use? It is a broad and complicated question. It is also a question the United States has struggled with inconclusively for many decades. Facing understandable public outrage and alarm over the terrible consequences of widespread drug use, Federal, State, and local govern- ments have repeatedly sought to concentrate dramatic responsive ac- tion against one or another point on the drug-problem continuum: first through law enforcement: later through a combination of education and treatment efforts: and most recently through heavy emphasis on inter- diction of imported drugs at our borders. Conceived largely as an end in itself, each of these national Initia- tives has succeeded - in a limited but worthy sphere. We have had, in slow succession, more law enforcement. more education and treatment, and more interdiction. But through it all, undeniably. our national drug problem has persisted. Until late July. convincing evidence of dramatic forward progress was painfully scarce. Indeed, until late July. most evidence continued to suggest that the United States was at best only just beginning to recover from the worst epidemic of illegal drug use in its history - more severe than the heroin scare of the late 1960s and early 1970s; far more severe, in fact, than any ever experienced by an industrialized nation. The new Household Survey changes our picture of the drug prob- lem a bit, making It more precise and comprehensible. But it does not change the lesson that must be learned from all our many years of experience in the fight. That lesson is clear and simple: no single tactic - pursued alone or to the detriment of other possible and valuable initiatives - can work to contain or reduce drug use. No single tactic can justly claim credit for recent reductions in most use of most drugs by most Americans. And no single tactic will now get us out of our appalling. deepening crisis of cocaine addiction. Unfortunately, however, the search for such a tactic still consumes the bulk of American public energy and debate about drugs. Two radically opposed strains of thought are principally at issue in this unavailing search. Each. interestingly enough, casts unfair aspersions on the skill and utility of our law enforcement agencies and their officers - the first by complaining that law enforcement doesn't work at all and should be junked: the second by complaining that law enforcement National Drug Control Strategy 5 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:07PM ; 4562983;#23 23 Introduction odds are heavily stacked against them, their every misstep and failure - however small - is nevertheless routinely held up to political and journalistic ridicule. We do them a grave injustice. Jealousy and bickering among Federal, State, and local drug agencies make for interesting gossip. to be sure. But the plain truth is that they are not the norm. And when interagency cooperation does occasionally break down, it can usually be traced either to the overriding spirit and energy of our front-line drug enforcement officers - which we should be extremely reluctant to re- strict within formal and arbitrary lines - or, more basically. to a failure of coherent policymaking in Washington. In the too-long absence of any real national consensus about the proper overarching goal of American drug policy, the only available measure of drug enforcement success has been statistical: so many thousands of arrests, so many tons of marijuana seized. so many acres of opium poppy and coca plants destroyed. In this kind of policy vacuum. some degree of competition over "body counts" among involved enforcement agencies is almost inevitable. The real miracle is that intramural rivairies have been so relatively restrained and insignificant. No doubt Federal, State, and local drug enforcement can and should be made tougher, more extensive, more efficient. This report offers a number of major proposals to accomplish just that. But, again. stronger and better coordinated drug enforcement alone is not the answer. It is a means to an end. It should not become the end itself. We must be tough. We must be humane. And we must pursue change - in some cases, sweeping change. But before it can begin, we must get smart about the drug problem - smarter than we have been in the past. First, we must come to terms with the drug problem in its essence: use itself. Worthy efforts to alleviate the symptoms of epidemic drug abuse - crime and disease, for example - must continue unabated. But a largely ad-hoc attack on the holes in our dike can have only an indirect and minimal effect on the flood itself. By the same token. we must avoid the easy temptation to blame our troubles first on those chronic problems of social environment - like poverty and racism - which help to breed and spread the contagion of drug use. We have been fighting such social ills for decades: that fight. too, must continue unabated. But we need not - and cannot - sit back and wait for that fight to be won for good. Too many lives will be lost in the interim. The simple problem with drugs is painfully obvious: too many Americans still use them. And so the highest priority of our drug policy must be a stubborn determination further to reduce the overall level of drug use nationwide - experimental first use, "casual" use. regular use, and addiction alike. 8 National Drug Control Strategy SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:07PM ; 4562983;#24 24 Introduction That said, we must be scrupulously honest about the difficulties we face - about what we can reasonably hope to accomplish, and when. People take drugs for many complicated reasons that we do not yet fully understand. But most drug users share an attitude toward their drugs that we would do well to acknowledge openly: at least at first, they find drugs intensely pleasurable. It is a hollow, degrading. and deceptive pleasure, of course, and pursuing it is an appallingly self-destructive impulse. But self-destructive behavior is a human flaw that has always been with us - and always will. And drug addiction is a particularly tenacious form of self-destruction, one which its victims very often cannot simply choose to correct on their own. Last fall, an important and valuable piece of omnibus Federal drug legislation was enacted. "The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988." Among its several hundred provisions was a declaration that it would be the policy of the United States Government to "create a Drug-Free America by 1995." That is an admirable goal. It is already a reality for the vast majority of Americans who have never taken an illegal drug. And government has a solemn obligation to keep those Americans - and their children after them - safe and secure from the poison of drug trafficking and drug use. But government also has an obligation to tell the truth and act accordingly. There is no quick fix or magic bullet for individual dissipa- tion, and policymakers should not pretend that we are on the verge of discovering one for drugs. The continued search for a single "answer" to our troubles with drugs in law enforcement. in education and treat- ment, in border interdiction. or somewhere else - is a bad idea. We have bounced back and forth in emphasis this way for too long. It has not worked well. And it will hold us back in the near- and long-term future, by diverting our attention from new and serious work that can and must be done right now. The United States has a broad array of tools at its disposal, in government and out, each of which - in proper combination with the others - can and does have a significant effect on the shape and size of our drug problem. We must use them all. We must have what we have never had before: a comprehensive, fully integrated national drug control strategy. It must proceed from a proper understanding of all that we do and do not know about drugs. It must take calm and intelligent measure of the strengths and limitations of specific available drug control initiatives. And it must then begin to intensify and calibrate them so that the number of Americans who still use cocaine and other illegal drugs. to the entire nation's horrible disadvantage, is - more and more as time goes by - dramatically reduced. National Drug Control Strategy 9 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:08PM ; 4562983;#25 25 Introduction behavioral effect on non-addicts than on addicts. And in the search for long-term solutions to epidemic drug use, this fact works to our benefit. Any additional short-term reduction in the number of American casual or regular drug users will be a good in itself, of course. But because it is their kind of drug use that is most contagious, any further reduction in the non-addicted drug user population will also promise still greater future reductions in the number of Americans who are recruited to join their dangerous ranks. Demand, Supply, and Strategy It is commonly and correctly assumed that the extent of our problem with drug use can be described in terms borrowed from classi- cal economics: that is, as a largely market function influenced by the variable "supply" of drug sellers and the variable "demand" of drug buyers. So far, so good. But it is just as commonly - and incorrectly - assumed that each of our many weapons against drug use can be successfully applied only to one or the other side of the supply/demand equation. Supply reduction. by these lights. involves overseas crop eradica- tion and associated foreign policy initiatives; interdiction of foreign- manufactured drugs at our national borders: and domestic law enforce- ment. For its part in this calculus, demand reduction is thought to involve medical or other treatment for current drug users: education about the dangers of drugs and techniques to resist them: and various interdisciplinary, community-based prevention efforts. Demand reduc- tion, then, is understood to be exclusively "therapeutic." and seeks to help those in trouble - or those likely to get in trouble in the future. Supply reduction, by contrast, is understood to be exclusively "puni- tive," and seeks to bring stem sanctions to bear against those who grow, refine. smuggle, or distribute illegal drugs. This division of anti-drug strategy into two rigidly independent - even opposed - tactical camps may do a good job of mirroring conflict- ing public sentiment about the need to be hard-headed or tender- hearted. But it makes a poor guide to policymaking and funding deci- sions about the drug problem, because - as the preceding pages should already have suggested - it does not do a good job of reflecting either the complicated reality of the drug market or the actual effect specific anti-drug initiatives can and do have on that market. Granted. overseas and border activities against drugs work primar- ily to reduce supply. But they can have an important. radiating effect on demand. as well, because they make the purchase of certain imported drugs more difficult - and therefore less likely. In much the same way, 12 National Drug Control Strategy SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7021 ; 1-19-90 ; 5:09PM ; 4562983:#26 26 Introduction drug treatment and education work primarily to reduce demand, but in so doing they may encourage suppliers to scale back production and distribution in an effort to sustain consistent profits. Domestic law enforcement is a special case. The sale and purchase of drugs are both illegal. And so our criminal justice system is obliged to ensure that neither aspect of the drug marketplace is left unpenalized and therefore undeterred. In fact. a paramount target of law enforce- ment activity - especially at the local level — must be the disruption of those street markets for drugs in which retail demand and supply finally meet in a combustible mix. So it stands to reason that properly conceived law enforcement cannot be meaningfully assigned to any uniquely demand- or supply-side role. The proposed national strategy outlined in this report takes pains to avoid the artificial and counter-productive distinctions so often drawn among the various fronts necessary to a successful fight against epi- demic drug use. Instead it seeks to draw each of them into full participation in a coherent, integrated. and much improved program. The next five chapters. taken together, describe a coordinated and bal- anced plan of attack involving all basic anti-drug initiatives and agen- cies: our criminal justice system; our drug treatment system; our collection of education, workplace. public awareness. and community prevention campaigns: our international policies and activities: and our efforts to interdict smuggled drugs before they cross our borders. Two subsequent chapters discuss a research and intelligence agenda de- signed to support and sustain this overall strategy. And Appendix A offers a series of quantified goals and measures of success - - each of which this strategy, if fully implemented. can reasonably be expected to achieve No attempt should be made to disguise the fact that significant new resources will be required to pay for the many proposals advanced in this report. And no attempt is made here to deny that the Federal government has a major role to play in providing them. Last February, this Administration requested nearly $717 million in new drug budget authority for Fiscal Year 1990. Now, after six months of careful study, we have identified an immediate need for $1.478 billion more. With this report, the Administration is requesting FY 1990 drug budget authority totalling $7.864 billion - the largest single-year dollar increase in his- tory. A detailed Federal implementation plan - and the budget tables to accompany it - are included in Appendix B. Appendix C provides a package of recommended State anti-drug legislation. Appendix D discusses possible Federal designations of high intensity drug trafficking areas, as mandated in the "Anti-Drug Abuse National Drug Control Strategy 13 SUPPLY STATE 4 LOCAL JUDGE REGGIE WALTON Ph:673-2444 Ph: State & Local Issues for ONDCP 1991 fiscal budget calls for $492 Million for state and local BUT IT law enforcement. This is an increase of 228% over the GOES 70 THE last two years. FEDS?. 80% of this will go to the states via block grants; they will then distribute to counties and cities There is also a $50 million discretionary fund that will be directed at specific law enforcement programs. There are federally funded DEA Task Forces. They are composed of DEA agents, state and local personnel. There is the Organized Crime Task Force: 9 different federal agencies; they work with state and local law enforcement to attack sophisticated drug and money-laundering enterprises - We are addressing prison overcrowding. In the process of assessing excess fedural land for use as prisons construction for formsing on pregnant addite grants for community prevention program