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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S; 2004-0731-F
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13742
Folder ID Number:
13742-009
Folder Title:
Chilean - American Chamber of Commerce 12/7/90 [OA 8320]
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Section:
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26
21
2
2
Ed
CHILE SPEECH
SETTING
The 1 st US President to visit Chile was Eisenhower, February
29-March 2, 1960.
History of friendship between two countries dates to Chile's
struggle for independence. As Eisenhower noted, probably not
coincidental that first Chilean Congress inaugurated on the
fourth of July, 1811.
--
The next year, the first draft of Chile's provisional
Constitution was written in the home of Joel Poinsett, the
US Consular representative.
--
A US citizen served as chief of staff to Lord Cochrane in
the battle which helped bring final victory to the Chilean
patriots.
As Eisenhower said to a joint session of Congress on March 1,
1960, friendship between the two countries is based on shared
philosophy of faith in God, respect for spiritual dignity of
man, and the conviction that government must be the servant of
the people.
Contacts between Bush and President Patricio Aylwin: Bush and
Aylwin met for the first time at a bilateral meeting held at the
White House on October 2. Aylwin was in the U.S. for the first
time since his inauguration in March 1990 to attend the opening
of the UNGA and the UNICEF Summit on Children.
Valparaiso: Bush will address the Congress in its new building
located in the port city of Valparaiso. (Pinochet decided to
have it built there as part of the effort to decentralize.)
--
It is Chile's second largest city, founded in 1536 by a
member of the first expedition to Chile led by Diego de
Almagro, one of Pizarro's band that conquered Peru several
years earlier. It celebrated its 450th anniversary in
1986. It is a picturesque (but poor) city of sailors, dock
workers and people employed in commerce and is situated on
forty hills overlooking the harbor.
-2-
KEY THEMES
The Hemisphere
I am happy to travel to South America at the beginning of what
should be one of the most important decades in the history of
the continent. We are living in a time of ferment and are
witnesses to profound changes not only in Eastern Europe and the
Soviet Union, but in Latin America as well.
The emergence of new democracies in the region means more
opportunities for the future. This is especially true if we
work together as partners toward the goal of greater integration
throughout the hemisphere in the ways I outlined in my speech
last June on the "Enterprise for the Americas Initiative".
Together we can expand trade and investment, both vital to the
economic growth of all countries in the hemisphere. Growth is
vital to the democratic undertaking. For these democracies to
flourish, they must provide jobs and a chance for a better life
for their people.
The process of change can be traumatic and sometimes requires
sacrifice and tenacity. As the economies of the region move
from a statist, protectionist model to a free-trade model that
encourages private enterprise, sacrifices will be required.
Chile has already been through some of the most difficult
moments of that process and has demonstrated to the world the
benefits of hard work and willingness to change.
President Aylwin said in his September speeches to the United
Nations General Assembly and to the Council of the Americas in
New York, Chile is a country "experiencing a political and
economic process with few existing precedents. Emerging after
more than 16 years of authoritarian rule, Chile is engaged in
demonstrating that in the developing world, an expanding, stable
and equitable economy is compatible with an open and democratic
political system These are his words and this is the great
challenge that faces Latin America in the decade ahead.
As Chile continues the process of strengthening its economy
while revitalizing its democratic traditions, Chile needs
leaders of vision and courage. Chile has found one in the
person of Patricio Aylwin.
Return to democracy
Greatly honored to address your Congress in the year Chile is
celebrating the 180th anniversary of its independence and in the
same year the Chilean people are celebrating a return to their
democratic tradition which is among the longest in the Western
Hemisphere.
-3-
Chile is famous for the hospitality of its people, the beauty
and variety of its land, its Nobel Prize-winning poets, and for
the legacy of freedom handed down by Bernardo 'Higgins and the
others who fought for Chilean independence 180 years ago.
Chile's proud democratic tradition has endured. You have set an
example for the hemisphere -- indeed the world -- reclaiming
your democratic heritage in an atmosphere of peace and harmony.
The people of Chile deserve high praise for their peaceful
transition to democracy, starting with the October 5, 1988
plebiscite when they voted for free, multi-party presidential
and congressional elections.
Chile's democratic government under the leadership of President
Aylwin has already achieved a number of significant
accomplishments:
--
the return to a relationship of open dialogue between
citizens and their government.
--
the revival of the legislative process: the new Congress
has voted legislation in the area of labor reform and the
tax reforms designed to help fund social programs for the
poor.
--
we have witnessed your example -- and we are filled with
respect and pride.
As President Aylwin said in his State of the Nation Address on
May 21, "Our first task is bringing about national
reconciliation on a foundation of truth and justice." I commend
the people of Chile for the efforts they have made to arrive at
a peaceful national reconciliation after the painful experiences
of earlier years.
o
This is a government that has shown itself dedicated to freedom
of expression, tolerance for differences of opinion and to the
protection of human rights.
O
IF DECISION MADE BEFORE TRIP: ( (We have recognized the great
progress that Chile has made in the area of human rights and the
steps this government has taken to bring to justice those
responsible for the deaths of Orlando Letelier and Ronni
Moffitt, by lifting the Kennedy-Harkin sanctions. With the end
of this embargo we are taking another important step toward
building a new era in relations between our two countries. ))
-4-
Economic Growth and Development: Chile as a model for the region.
Chile's return to democracy means a government committed to
expanded opportunities for all citizens of Chile. Chile now
faces the challenge of providing education, health care and
adequate housing for all its citizens while sustaining economic
stability and growth.
In the area of economic policy, Chile has in recent years
become in important respects a model for the region.
-- Chile has shown that a better life for oneself and one's
children derives not from central planning and state
enterprises, but the dynamism and energy of ordinary people.
President Aylwin said a few months back: "what differentiates
us from the other countries, was the somewhat audacious decision
to open our economy to foreign trade, free our imports, reduce
the state apparatus, and privatize a large portion of the
economic sector."
-- What has worked for Chile will work for others, if their
resolve remains strong.
We applaud Aylwin's decision to keep the successful free-market
model in place.
1989 marked the seventh year in a row that Chile enjoyed real
GDP growth.
The process of adjustment to high levels of growth may result in
slower growth this year (only 1% increase in GDP is expected for
1990), but Chile has the basic economic strength to sustain
solid levels of growth in coming years.
The U.S. is working with Chile in the Uruguay Round against
those who subsidize agricultural exports. Our joint efforts
stand to benefit both countries.
Chile is now ready to seize the future and move beyond its
considerable achievements.
--
This means making further adjustments to integrate into the
international economy, adjustments that will allow Chile to
compete on an equal footing with Southeast Asia and
mediterranean Europe, and to take advantage of the European
Market after 1992.
Chile has succeeded in expanding markets throughout the world
for its exports. Japan receives Chilean seafood, Peru buys
Chilean forestry products, the European Community buys Chilean
fruit, the U.S. imports Chilean fruit and wine and many other
things. And Chilean copper is sold around the world. The U.S.
alone takes about 16 percent of Chile's exports. This means
farmers in San Fernando, agricultural workers in Valdivia and
miners in Lota are better off.
-5-
Chile deserves high praise for its great strides in debt
reduction in recent years. It has proved to be the most
successful country in the region in this regard.
--
Chile leads the developing countries in creative voluntary
debt reduction, retiring almost $9 billion of her foreign
debt from 1985 through 1989. The creative use of
debt/equity swap arrangements have made this impressive
achievement possible.
Liberal investment laws have also encouraged large amounts of
domestic and foreign capital to be invested in Chile. Since
1985, about $2.5 billion dollars have flowed into the country.
Some of that amount represents returned capital flight which is
essential for expanded domestic investment.
Chile's investment boom has been concentrated in the export
sector with remarkable results: annual average export growth
has been on the order of 15 to 20 percent for the past five
years.
-- Present plans call for an even more impressive level of
investment in 1990 through 1995: an estimated $13.2
billion, the bulk of which will be concentrated in mining,
industry, energy, and telecommunications--sectors that are
key to Chile's future development.
The Aylwin government has elected to continue sound economic
policies which encourage entrepreneurship, investment, low
tariffs and export diversification. The results to date have
been recognized throughout the world and we have every
expectation that Chile's outstanding accomplishments will
continue for the foreseeable future. Chile has earned and
deserves its reputation as a model for other countries in the
region and in the developing world.
In the area of protection of intellectual property rights--a key
element in U.S. trade policy, I am happy to announce that with
the passage of new legislation by the Congress, we can now
restore our trade relations to their normal pattern. Chile has
been reinstated in the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP).
This will allow trade between the two countries to growth
further in the future.
Enterprise for the Americas and what it means for Chile
O
In Washington last June 27 I spoke to a gathering of ambassaiors
from Latin America and the Caribbean to propose to them a new
partnership to encourage growth in the Americas. I called it
the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative. It is based on
three core elements: trađe, investment, and debt. In addition
it is intended to address one of the foremost international
issues of our day: protection and improvement of the
environment. This latter issue, especially clean air, I know is
one of mounting concern to the people of Chile.
-6-
-- The EAI is a partnership that allows us to acknowledge the
great strides made by countries like Chile in opening up
their economy. As Eisenhower said when he visited Chile,
it has always been the US tradition to give aid "to the
people who want to work, who welcome some help, who are
energetically working for themselves to raise their
standards of living, not merely for themselves as
individuals, but for every single individual in the
nation.'
O
I was especially pleased by the enthusiastic reception that my
proposal got from Chileans representing a broad spectrum of
interests. Their collective response has already yielded
positive results. On October 1, Chile and the United States
signed a bilateral framework agreement creating a consultative
commission on trade and investment. The council held its first
meeting in Washington just a few weeks ago.
This agreement represents a very important step forward in
strengthening trade ties between Chile and the United States.
It will help strengthen Chile's already solid commitment to free
trade policies. It will also serve as a vehicle for both
governments to discuss mutual concerns regarding a wide area of
trade issues.
The U.S.-Chile agreement also furthers the goals of the proposal
I outlined last June: My Enterprise for the Americas
Initiative seeks to create a broad regime of free and fair trade
throughout the hemisphere.
-- I am pleased to announce that legislation establishing a
program of debt reluction under the Initiative was
introduced in the United States Congress in early September.
-- These changes mean new market opportunities and a higher
standard of living for the farmer in San Fernando, the
agricultural worker in Valdivia or the miner in Lota.
US-Chile relations
O
Just as Chile has now entered a new era of democratic
government, Chile and the United States together have entered a
new era of cooperation. The United States and Chile have had
diplomatic relations for almost 180 years.
-- During this period, we have had our differences over a
variety of issues. However, what we have in common has
proved to be stronger than those differences. Today we can
say that we continue to move in the direction of the shared
goals of freedom and democracy.
-7-
The U.S. is Chile's largest trading partner. About 16 percent
of Chile's exports go to the United States while about 22
percent of Chile's imports come from the United States. This is
a significant volume of trade which we would like to see
expanded in the future. Cooperative endeavors in the areas of
trade, investment and debt should enable this to happen.
You are all aware of the discussions that have gone on in
Washington in recent months regarding the restoration of GSP
benefits to Chile.
Another area of shared concern involves narcotics trafficking
and abuse. This is a long-standing problem that threatens all
of us but especially our children.
We can work together to made our environments cleaner. Like
you, we have problems with air pollution, contaminated drinking
water and improperly-disposed of wastes. We can share our ideas
and experience in responding to global environmental concerns.
An agreement to foster closer cooperation was recently signed by
the Director's of the National Antartic Programs of our two
nations. The agreement encourages even greater cooperation
between the United States and Chile in their scientific
investigations in Antarctica.
We especially welcome the news that the Chilean government has
requested that the Peace Corps return to Chile. We look forward
to having volunteers working in Chile by April 1991 in forestry
and the environment and in the development of small businesses.
Final Note
O
Thirty years have passed since a President of the United States
cited Chile. This was Dwight D. Eisenhower in February 1960.
Like Ike, I am delighted to be a guest in your beautiful
country. I was delighted to be able to receive President Aylwin
at the White House in October and hope we can meet again in the
not-too-distant future.
I would like to conclude by recalling the language of the
diplomatic note sent by the Government of Chile on March 11,
1811, initiating diplomatic relations with the United States.
--
The note spoke of the "community of ideas, of feelings and
of needs" shared by the two republics at a time when the
difficulties of travel separated the two by great
distances. Today we continue to share those same ideas,
sentiments and needs, but are not separated by such
distances. In the world of today, we are and will remain
close neighbors.
Doc 7804
CHILE SPEECH
SETTING
The 1 st US President to visit Chile was Eisenhower, February
29-March 2, 1960.
History of friendship between two countries dates to Chile's
struggle for independence. As Eisenhower noted, probably not
coincidental that first Chilean Congress inaugurated on the
fourth of July, 1811.
--
The next year, the first draft of Chile's provisional
Constitution was written in the home of Joel Poinsett, the
US Consular representative.
--
A US citizen served as chief of staff to Lord Cochrane in
the battle which helped bring final victory to the Chilean
patriots.
As Eisenhower said to a joint session of Congress on March 1,
1960, friendship between the two countries is based on shared
philosophy of faith in God, respect for spiritual dignity of
man, and the conviction that government must be the servant of
the people.
Contacts between Bush and President Patricio Aylwin: Bush and
Aylwin met for the first time at a bilateral meeting held at the
White House on October 2. Aylwin was in the U.S. for the first
time since his inauguration in March 1990 to attend the opening
of the UNGA and the UNICEF Summit on Children.
Valparaiso: Bush will address the Congress in its new building
located in the port city of Valparaiso. (Pinochet decided to
have it built there as part of the effort to decentralize.)
-- It is Chile's second largest city, founded in 1536 by a
member of the first expedition to Chile led by Diego de
Almagro, one of Pizarro's band that conquered Peru several
years earlier. It celebrated its 450th anniversary in
1986. It is a picturesque (but poor) city of sailors, dock
workers and people employed in commerce and is situated on
forty hills overlooking the harbor.
-2-
KEY THEMES
The Hemisphere
I am happy to travel to South America at the beginning of what
should be one of the most important decades in the history of
the continent. We are living in a time of ferment and are
witnesses to profound changes not only in Eastern Europe and the
Soviet Union, but in Latin America as well.
The emergence of new democracies in the region means more
opportunities for the future. This is especially true if we
work together as partners toward the goal of greater integration
throughout the hemisphere in the ways I outlined in my speech
last June on the "Enterprise for the Americas Initiative".
Together we can expand trade and investment, both vital to the
economic growth of all countries in the hemisphere. Growth is
vital to the democratic undertaking. For these democracies to
flourish, they must provide jobs and a chance for a better life
for their people.
The process of change can be traumatic and sometimes requires
sacrifice and tenacity. As the economies of the region move
from a statist, protectionist model to a free-trade model that
encourages private enterprise, sacrifices will be required.
Chile has already been through some of the most difficult
moments of that process and has demonstrated to the world the
benefits of hard work and willingness to change.
President Aylwin said in his September speeches to the United
Nations General Assembly and to the Council of the Americas in
New York, Chile is a country "experiencing a political and
economic process with few existing precedents. Emerging after
more than 16 years of authoritarian rule, Chile is engaged in
demonstrating that in the developing world, an expanding, stable
and equitable economy is compatible with an open and democratic
political system. These are his words and this is the great
challenge that faces Latin America in the decade ahead.
As Chile continues the process of strengthening its economy
while revitalizing its democratic traditions, Chile needs
leaders of vision and courage. Chile has found one in the
person of Patricio Aylwin.
Return to democracy
Greatly honored to address your Congress in the year Chile is
celebrating the 180th anniversary of its independence and in the
same year the Chilean people are celebrating a return to their
democratic tradition which is among the longest in the Western
Hemisphere.
-3-
Chile is famous for the hospitality of its people, the beauty
and variety of its land, its Nobel Prize-winning poets, and for
the legacy of freedom handed down by Bernardo O'Higgins and the
others who fought for Chilean independence 180 years ago.
Chile's proud democratic tradition has endured. You have set an
example for the hemisphere -- indeed the world -- reclaiming
your democratic heritage in an atmosphere of peace and harmony.
The people of Chile deserve high praise for their peaceful
transition to democracy, starting with the October 5, 1988
plebiscite when they voted for free, multi-party presidential
and congressional elections.
Chile's democratic government under the leadership of President
Aylwin has already achieved a number of significant
accomplishments:
--
the return to a relationship of open dialogue between
citizens and their government.
the revival of the legislative process: the new Congress
has voted legislation in the area of labor reform and the
tax reforms designed to help fund social programs for the
poor.
we have witnessed your example -- and we are filled with
respect and pride.
As President Aylwin said in his State of the Nation Address on
May 21, "Our first task is bringing about national
reconciliation on a foundation of truth and justice." I commend
the people of Chile for the efforts they have made to arrive at
a peaceful national reconciliation after the painful experiences
of earlier years.
This is a government that has shown itself dedicated to freedom
of expression, tolerance for differences of opinion and to the
protection of human rights.
IF DECISION MADE BEFORE TRIP: ( (We have recognized the great
progress that Chile has made in the area of human rights and the
steps this government has taken to bring to justice those
responsible for the deaths of Orlando Letelier and Ronni
Moffitt, by lifting the Kennedy-Harkin sanctions. With the end
of this embargo we are taking another important step toward
building a new era in relations between our two countries. ) )
-4-
Economic Growth and Development: Chile as a model for the region.
Chile's return to democracy means a government committed to
expanded opportunities for all citizens of Chile. Chile now
faces the challenge of providing education, health care and
adequate housing for all its citizens while sustaining economic
stability and growth.
In the area of economic policy, Chile has in recent years
become in important respects a model for the region.
-- Chile has shown that a better life for oneself and one's
children derives not from central planning and state
enterprises, but the dynamism and energy of ordinary people.
President Aylwin said a few months back: "what differentiates
us from the other countries, was the somewhat audacious decision
to open our economy to foreign trade, free our imports, reduce
the state apparatus, and privatize a large portion of the
economic sector."
--
What has worked for Chile will work for others, if their
resolve remains strong.
We applaud Aylwin's decision to keep the successful free-market
model in place.
1989 marked the seventh year in a row that Chile enjoyed real
GDP growth.
The process of adjustment to high levels of growth may result in
slower growth this year (only 1% increase in GDP is expected for
1990), but Chile has the basic economic strength to sustain
solid levels of growth in coming years.
The U.S. is working with Chile in the Uruguay Round against
those who subsidize agricultural exports. Our joint efforts
stand to benefit both countries.
Chile is now ready to seize the future and move beyond its
considerable achievements.
--
This means making further adjustments to integrate into the
international economy, adjustments that will allow Chile to
compete on an equal footing with Southeast Asia and
mediterranean Europe, and to take advantage of the European
Market after 1992.
Chile has succeeded in expanding markets throughout the world
for its exports. Japan receives Chilean seafood, Peru buys
Chilean forestry products, the European Community buys Chilean
fruit, the U.S. imports Chilean fruit and wine and many other
things. And Chilean copper is sold around the world. The U.S.
alone takes about 16 percent of Chile's exports. This means
farmers in San Fernando, agricultural workers in Valdivia and
miners in Lota are better off.
-5-
Chile deserves high praise for its great strides in debt
reduction in recent years. It has proved to be the most
successful country in the region in this regard.
--
Chile leads the developing countries in creative voluntary
debt reduction, retiring almost $9 billion of her foreign
debt from 1985 through 1989. The creative use of
debt/equity swap arrangements have made this impressive
achievement possible.
Liberal investment laws have also encouraged large amounts of
domestic and foreign capital to be invested in Chile. Since
1985, about $2.5 billion dollars have flowed into the country.
Some of that amount represents returned capital flight which is
essential for expanded domestic investment.
Chile's investment boom has been concentrated in the export
sector with remarkable results: annual average export growth
has been on the order of 15 to 20 percent for the past five
years.
--
Present plans call for an even more impressive level of
investment in 1990 through 1995: an estimated $13.2
billion, the bulk of which will be concentrated in mining,
industry, energy, and telecommunications--sectors that are
key to Chile's future development.
The Aylwin government has elected to continue sound economic
policies which encourage entrepreneurship, investment, low
tariffs and export diversification. The results to date have
been recognized throughout the world and we have every
expectation that Chile's outstanding accomplishments will
continue for the foreseeable future. Chile has earned and
deserves its reputation as a model for other countries in the
region and in the developing world.
In the area of protection of intellectual property rights--a key
element in U.S. trade policy, I am happy to announce that with
the passage of new legislation by the Congress, we can now
restore our trade relations to their normal pattern. Chile has
been reinstated in the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP).
This will allow trade between the two countries to growth
further in the future.
Enterprise for the Americas and what it means for Chile
0
In Washington last June 27 I spoke to a gathering of ambassadors
from Latin America and the Caribbean to propose to them a new
partnership to encourage growth in the Americas. I called it
the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative. It is based on
three core elements: trade, investment, and debt. In addition
it is intended to address one of the foremost international
issues of our day: protection and improvement of the
environment. This latter issue, especially clean air, I know is
one of mounting concern to the people of Chile.
-6-
The EAI is a partnership that allows us to acknowledge the
great strides made by countries like Chile in opening up
their economy. As Eisenhower said when he visited Chile,
it has always been the US tradition to give aid "to the
people who want to work, who welcome some help, who are
energetically working for themselves to raise their
standards of living, not merely for themselves as
individuals, but for every single individual in the
nation."
I was especially pleased by the enthusiastic reception that my
proposal got from Chileans representing a broad spectrum of
interests. Their collective response has already yielded
positive results. On October 1, Chile and the United States
signed a bilateral framework agreement creating a consultative
commission on trade and investment. The council held its first
meeting in Washington just a few weeks ago.
This agreement represents a very important step forward in
strengthening trade ties between Chile and the United States.
It will help strengthen Chile's already solid commitment to free
trade policies. It will also serve as a vehicle for both
governments to discuss mutual concerns regarding a wide area of
trade issues.
The U.S. -Chile agreement also furthers the goals of the proposal
I outlined last June: My Enterprise for the Americas
Initiative seeks to create a broad regime of free and fair trade
throughout the hemisphere.
--
I am pleased to announce that legislation establishing a
program of debt reduction under the Initiative was
introduced in the United States Congress in early September.
--
These changes mean new market opportunities and a higher
standard of living for the farmer in San Fernando, the
agricultural worker in Valdivia or the miner in Lota.
US-Chile relations
O
Just as Chile has now entered a new era of democratic
government, Chile and the United States together have entered a
new era of cooperation. The United States and Chile have had
diplomatic relations for almost 180 years.
:
During this period, we have had our differences over a
variety of issues. However, what we have in common has
proved to be stronger than those differences. Today we can
say that we continue to move in the direction of the shared
goals of freedom and democracy.
-7-
The U.S. is Chile's largest trading partner. About 16 percent
of Chile's exports go to the United States while about 22
percent of Chile's imports come from the United States. This is
a significant volume of trade which we would like to see
expanded in the future. Cooperative endeavors in the areas of
trade, investment and debt should enable this to happen.
You are all aware of the discussions that have gone on in
Washington in recent months regarding the restoration of GSP
benefits to Chile.
Another area of shared concern involves narcotics trafficking
and abuse. This is a long-standing problem that threatens all
of us but especially our children.
We can work together to made our environments cleaner. Like
you, we have problems with air pollution, contaminated drinking
water and improperly-disposei of wastes. We can share our ideas
and experience in responding to global environmental concerns.
An agreement to foster closer cooperation was recently signed by
the Director's of the National Antartic Programs of our two
nations. The agreement encourages even greater cooperation
between the United States and Chile in their scientific
investigations in Antarctica.
We especially welcome the news that the Chilean government has
requested that the Peace Corps return to Chile. We look forward
to having volunteers working in Chile by April 1991 in forestry
and the environment and in the development of small businesses.
Final Note
Thirty years have passed since a President of the United States
cited Chile. This was Dwight D. Eisenhower in February 1960.
Like Ike, I am delighted to be a guest in your beautiful
country. I was delighted to be able to receive President Aylwin
at the White House in October and hope we can meet again in the
not-too-distant future.
I would like to conclude by recalling the language of the
diplomatic note sent by the Government of Chile on March 11,
1811, initiating diplomatic relations with the United States.
-- The note spoke of the "community of ideas, of feelings and
of needs" shared by the two republics at a time when the
difficulties of travel separated the two by great
distances. Today we continue to share those same ideas,
sentiments and needs, but are not separated by such
distances. In the world of today, we are and will remain
close neighbors.
Doc 7804
16 NOV '90 15:07 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 001
EMBASSY OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
SANTIAGO
FAX NO. 56 - - 2 - - 699-1141
FAX
COVER SHEET
Please TYPE or PRINT
Date: 11/16/90
Month Day Year
TC: PEGGY DOOLEY
Name
WHITE HOUSE
Office
WASHINGTON. D.C.
Address
a
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16 NOV '90 15:08
FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 002
CHILEAN IDIOMS
A la pinta
Perfect
Al tiro
Immediately; right away
Copucha
Gossip (copuchar: to gossip)
Encachado (a)
Something/someone appealing,
attractive, interesting
Escoba
(quedo la escoba)
A disastrous situation
Lolo (a)
Teenager; youngster
Mala pata (Mala suerte)
Bad luck
Meter la pata
To goof up, put your foot in
your mouth
Ni chicha ni limonada
Neither one thing nor the
other; noncommital, undefined
Salvaje
Great; fabulous; wonderful
Pololo (a)
Boyfriend (girlfriend)
Por las puras
For the heck of it
Tincar (me tinca)
I believe; it seems to me
CHILEAN SAYINGS
"If you're not going to drink the water, let it flow.' (Refers
to forgetting a lost love, sharing possessions.)
"The house is small, but the heart is big." (Said by the poor
when welcoming visitors.)
"The Devil knows more because he is old, not because he is
clever."
16 NOV '90 15:08 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 003
BERNARDO O'HIGGINS
"Vivir con honor o morir con gloria"
Live with honor or die with glory.
"Chilenos: yo os juro morir o libertarlos"
Chileans: I swear to free you or die trying.
"Haga el sacrificio último que la patria y el honor exigen
de usted"
Make that ultimate sacrifice which your honor and the
country demand.
16 NOV '90 15:09 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 004
Chilean expressions which might be inserted into speeches
Tener mucho trabajo "entre manos" - to have a lot of
documentation to study and resolve. "I have $1 would be
"tengo mucho...."
por si las moscas - just in case. Ex. Bring an umbrella "por
si las moscas."
Poner los puntos sobre las ies - to dot all the "I's" and cross
all the "t's". To make things very clear, so there's no doubt.
Mas claro echarle agua - used when referring to something which
is absolutely clear - at the end of a sentence. "Its clear as
day."
Mas vale tarde que nunca Better late than never
En boca cerrada no entran moscas - Its better to keep your
mouth shut, its less risky. (For the press )
Ladrillo sobre ladrillo se construye una casa - "Brick by brick
houses are built." In other words things happen slowly, but
surely.
Hay que darle tiempo al tiempo - Everything in its own time.
El asunto tiene muchos bemoles - Its a very complicated and
difficult situation.
El tramite va muy bien encaminado - Things are going well,
slowly, but surely
E1 movimiento se prueba andando Action rather than words.
De todas maneras - of course
Estar donde las papas queman - to go to battle To be " where the
action is. Ex: He's always "donde las papas queman.
Estamos al otro lado - We're over the hump. The hard part is
over. You are over the hump would be "Estan al..."
Cualquier cantidad - A lot
Cero falta: Everything went smoothly. Perfect.
Cada dia tiene su propio afan - Each day brings its own
surprises, SO why worry about what will happen tomorrow.
Comida hecha, amistad deshecha - If a visitor has to leave
right after eating. A bit like "Hate to eat and run."
377w
16 NOV '90 15:09 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 005
A FRIENDSHIP WHICH PLAYED
AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE HISTORY OF CHILE
Joel Roberts Poinsett:
First U.S. Consul General in Chile. Arrived in Chile in
December of 1811. Worked closely with the government of José
Miguel Carrera (1812-1813), who was a personal friend.
Poinsett identified with the cause of patriots who were
fighting for their independence. He helped to organize the
patriotic army which would fight against the Spanish Royalists,
enlisting in as a general, and participating in a
battle in Chillán.
José Miguel Carrera in the U.S.:
This patriotic military officer was a guest of President James
Madison in the White House in January, 1816, when he traveled
to the U.S. to request assistance for the war of independence
which liberated Chile and finally defeated the Spanish
Royalists.
16 NOV '90 15:10
FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 006
"COLOR" FOR THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECHWRITERS
- The U.S. and Chile were far apart, very far apart, in the
dawn of emancipation, but in that epoch of difficult
communication between peoples, contact was made by reaching out
via the routes of clipper ships, which with their complicated
sails and rigging were capable of resisting and taming the
greatly feared Cape Horn, the grave of many brave men. Sailors
learned how to overcome geographic obstacles, and two years
after the Independence of the United States was declared, the
frigate "Columbia Rediviva," sailing from the 13 original
colonies on the Atlantic Coast, made landfall on the Chilean
island of Juan Fernández.
- Without a doubt, personal contacts between Chileans and
Americans in the 18th Century were slight, but even now,
prominent leaders in Chilean society are descended from
genealogical lines such as the American Delano, Frost and
Hoevel families.
- The Government of Chile, on March 11, 1811, sent the
initial note to the President of the United States which
initiated diplomatic relations. The note assured that "the
commonality of ideas, of feelings and necessities gives Chile
the opportunity to offer a friendly and brotherly hand to the
generous American people, although it still cannot be done in
person in the way we would have liked."
- The first U.S. representative to arrive in Chile was Joel
Robert Poinsett, sent by Secretary of State James Monroe.
Poinsett, whose mission was obstensibly commercial, surpassed
that responsibility by virtue of his fine manners,
extraordinary linguistic talent, his profound knowledge of
Napoleonic Europe, and his military knowledge, which he gained
at the Woolwich Academy. On February 24, 1812, he was recieved
and recognized by Chile as the U.S. Consul, and regular
diplomatic exchanges between Chile and the U.S. then began.
- Chileans were geographically too far away to peal the bell
in Philadelphia which announced America's freedom to the
world. But we see that the closeness which was sought by our
countries's fathers has been achieved through the work of many
generations of Chileans and Americans who have believed in
spiritual freedom, in justice and in peace -- beliefs which
have brought us closer, together through these past centuries.
- The experiment of the 13 American colonies in 1776
attracted the attention of the world as a new force. Europeans
discussed if a democratic government was desirable, possible,
or even moral. But in Latin America, there were few doubts.
There the example of the United States inspired independent
patriots throughout the Spanish Empire, including Chile.
16 NOV '90 15:10 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 007
Chilean grain provided provisions for the Gold Fever in
California - in 1849. Until the Panama Canal was constructed,
Valparaiso was a principle and important port which figured
into maritime commerce between the East and West coasts of the
United States.
16 NOV '90 15:11 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE 008
1356W
BIOGRAPHIC SKETCHES OF GABRIELA MISTRAL
AND PABLO NERUDA
Pablo Neruda
Pablo Neruda (Neftali Ricardo Reyes), Latin America's best
known poet, was born in Parral, Chile, December 7, 1904. He
began his career as a practicing journalist after majoring in
French, writing for various newspapers, and publishing some of
his first poems. In 1920 he arrived in Santiago, where by
1921, he had published numerous books of prose and verse. In
1968 he won the Joliot Curie Prize; in 1944 the Municipal Prize
in Literature; and in 1945 the National Prize in Literature.
In 1927 he left Chile to serve as Consul in Calcutta, Rangoon,
Ceylan, Java, Buenos Aires, and Spain. He was Consul in Mexico
from 1941-44. He was a communist senator representing the
provinces of Tarapacá and Antofagasta, and in 1970, Ambassador
to France. In 1971, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. He
was a faculty director at the University of Chile, President of
the Writers' Society of Chile, and in 1965, he was given an
honorary doctorate by Oxford University. He died in 1973.
Gabriela Mistral
Gabriela Mistral (Lucila Godoy Alcayaga), the most important
Chilean poetress of this century, was born in Vicuna, Chile, on
April 7, 1889. She won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1945.
She attended a teachers college in Santiago and taught for
several years. She rose to important posts in the Chilean
educational system and helped reorganize the rural schools of
Mexico in 1922-1924. She also served as Chilean consul in
European and American cities. Gabriela Mistral began writing
poetry after a tragic love affair. Her poems are passionate
and direct and express a deeply religious nature. She died in
Hempstead, New York on January 10, 1957.
16 NOV '90 15:11 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 009
Relations between Chile and the United States
On March 11, 1811, The Government of Chile sent a note
initiating diplomatic relations with the United States to the
President. The note cited "the community of ideas, of feelings
and needs" ("La comunidad de ideas, de sentimientos Y de
necesidades") shared by the two republics although they were by
the standards of the day separated by great distances. Today
we continue to share those same ideas, sentiments and needs,
but we no longer are separated by great distances. In the
world of today, we are close neighbors.
Chilean geography and climate
Chile's unique geography has shaped the the history of
its people. Before the age of modern communications, Chile was
extremely isolated, bound by the Andes to the east, deserts to
the north and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country
repeatedly has suffered severe earthquakes. While the north of
the country contains one of the driest deserts on Earth - the
600 mile long Atacama desert where no rainfall ever has been
recorded - the central region has a Californian climate, with
warm, mild summer weather and gentle winters. Southern Chile
is much like Oregon and Washington, with cool weather and
plenty of rain.
Chile has 34 national parks, 32 national forests and six
natural monuments. Together these cover 17 percent of the
country, and include some of the most remote wilderness on
earth, including more than five million acres of icecap.
The Chilean character
The Chilean character is rooted in its Spanish heritage
as well as in history and geography. The family unit is strong
and Chileans generally are conservative. Nevertheless there is
a strong thread of individualism, and individual traits are
respected. People give great importance to good manners, and
repeatedly use phrases such as "por favor" (please), "gracias"
(thank you), "disculpe". (pardon me) and "permiso" (excuse me)
in their everyday speech. One of the worst insults one can
receive is to be called "mal educado" (ill mannered).
The Spanish nature of the Chilean character has been
substantially modified by other European influences
-
especially English and German .- and some U.S. example.
Chileans have great respect for law and order, accuracy and
honesty in business dealings.
Katheyn
Stevens
Aratsc
5911
617
4557
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
01. Cable
U.S Embassy, Montevideo to Secretary of State, re: Speech
11/14/90
P-1, (b)(1)
C
Materials for President's Trip. (6 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Office:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File, Backup
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
Uruguay Dinner Toast 12/4/90
Date Closed:
10/25/2004
OA/ID Number:
08320
FOIA/SYS Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2004-2265-S
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
MR Case #:
Appeal Case #:
MR Disposition:
Appeal Disposition:
Disposition Date:
Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President and
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal
privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of gift.
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
PRM. Removed as a personal record misfile.
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
Nov. 16 '90 14:05
1732 EMBACHILE EE. UU.
TEL 202-659-9624
P. 1
90 OCT 16 Pl: EMBASSY OF CHILE
FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET
ADDRESS
1732 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
TELEPHONE
(202) 785-1746
FACSIMILE
(202) 887-5579
(202) 659-9624
PLEASE DELIVER THE FOLLOWING
PAGE (S) TO:
TO:
NAME
Peggy Dooley
FIRM
CITY
FROM:
NAME
D Demetric Infante
Minister of Embassy of chile
MESSAGE:
J hope it will be uneful for
zon
J hope to me you soon
S money
Transmission problems? Call (202) 785-2370
D. Infante
Fax 4566218
Extended Page 1.1
In 1811, when the first government of Chile had
been in power one year my country demonstrated its affection
and recognition for a Chile free of colonial domination,
sending the first diplomatic representative, Joel Robert
Poinsett. At that time the United States, following a
tradition that is a part of our people, valued the effort of
Chileans to find a way that would allow them to be free, to
try democracy and look for a better way of life for their
inhabitants.
Today, confronted with a very different historic
reality, but with the same understanding as before, my
country, through me, desires to again demonstrate its joy
and recognition of the unique manner in which Chile has
found her way back to democracy. In the United States we
look with respect and affection of the efforts which culmi-
nated in the election of President Aylwin and today, just as
in 1811, we should like to public express our will by means
of concrete actions. I therefore reiterate my decision to
collaborate to the extent of our possibilities with the
development of democracy in Chile and to remove any obstacle
which makes relations between our two countries more diffi-
cult.
B.
V.
MaArg
Chile
Ven
5732 Christin's file
11/28/90
16:26
202 707 2005
LC/HISP
5
001/001
N
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20540
HISPANIC DIVISION
November 28, 1990
Ms. Peggy Dooley
Research Department
The White House
FAX 456-6218
Dear Ms. Dolley:
In response to your request of quotes from Bernardo
O'Higgins, who freed Chile from Spain in 1818 and then went on
p.3 Sm
with General José de San Martin to also liberate Peru, Dr.
Wiarda, Dr. Larson and I found the following passages:
In a Proclamation to the people of Peru in 1820:
"The day of liberty has arrived for the Americas! From the
Mississipi River to Cape Horn, an area comprising almost half the
world, we now proclaim the independence of the New World! Mexico
fights; Caracas triumphs; Chile and Buenos Aires finally
enjoy the fruits of victory..." Alejandro Witker (ed.)
O'Higgins; la herencia del Libertador (1978), p. 125.
In a letter to a philosopher who aided the cause of Chilean
independence, Camilo Henriquez, dated 1824:
"It is evident that the republics of the New World are at
vanguard of freedom in the whole world
....
the Americas are
giving great hopes to philosophers and patriots alike..."
Ibid., p. 134.
In another letter, O'Higgins said: "Aristocracy is naturally
abhorrent to me... and adored equality is my idol." Quoted in,
Stephen Clissold, Bernardo O'Higgins and the independence of
Chile (1968), p. 150.
Sincerely,
Georgette form M. Dorn
Specialist in Hispanic Culture
90 OCT 28 P4: : 36
786-
8433
11/8/90/10m 11/8/90 OCIN wethington
Status of Enterprise for the Americas Legislation
We gained authority in the Farm Bill to reduce PL-480 debt
and to establish a mechanism to channel local currency
interest payments to fund environmental projects in Latin
American and Caribbean countries.
Similar legislation to authorize reduction of AID debt
passed the House but was not acted on in the Senate.
Action on a stand-alone bill was impeded by concerns of
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee -- particularly
Senator Helms.
An effort to insert the authorization in the House bill
into the Foreign Operations appropriations bill during
conference was unsuccessful due to concerns of staff
and an intervention by House Foreign Affairs Committee
Chairman Fascell.
The EAI provisions in the Farm Bill:
establish a Facility in the Treasury Department to
administer debt reduction;
set out economic conditions for qualification for debt
reduction;
provide for debt reduction through an exchange of old
obligations for new, reduced obligations;
allow for payment of interest in local currency if a
country has entered into an environmental framework
agreement with the United States and established an
Environmental Fund to receive local currency payments;
call for the establishment of a local body in each
country to administer the resources in the Environmental
Fund; and
establish an Environment for the Americas Board in
Washington, chaired by Treasury and including 4 other
USG representatives and 4 NGO representatives.
7
We are working with OMB to draft an Executive Order spelling
out implementation of this provision of the Farm Bill
consistent with earlier Administration discussions.
We will be pushing hard in January to gain the authority to
reduce AID debt, as well as to sell Eximbank and CCC paper
and to make contributions to the multilateral investment
fund in the Inter-American Development Bank.
16 NOV '90 15:09 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 005
A FRIENDSHIP WHICH PLAYED
AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE HISTORY OF CHILE
Joel Roberts Poinsett:
First U.S. Consul General in Chile. Arrived in Chile in
December of 1811. Worked closely with the government of José
Miguel Carrera (1812-1813), who was a personal friend.
Poinsett identified with the cause of patriots who were
fighting for their independence. He helped to organize the
patriotic army which would fight against the Spanish Royalists,
enlisting
as a general, and participating in a
battle in Chillán.
José Miguel Carrera in the U.S.:
This patriotic military officer was a guest of President James
Madison in the White House in January, 1816, when he traveled
to the U.S. to request assistance for the war of independence
which liberated Chile and finally defeated the Spanish
Royalists.
16 NOV '90 15:10 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 006
"COLOR" FOR THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECHWRITERS
- The U.S. and Chile were far apart, very far apart, in the
dawn of emancipation, but in that epoch of difficult
communication between peoples, contact was made by reaching out
via the routes of clipper ships, which with their complicated
sails and rigging were capable of resisting and taming the
greatly feared Cape Horn, the grave of many brave men. Sailors
learned how to overcome geographic obstacles, and two years
after the Independence of the United States was declared, the
frigate "Columbia Rediviva," sailing from the 13 original
colonies on the Atlantic Coast, made landfall on the Chilean
island of Juan Fernández.
- Without a doubt, personal contacts between Chileans and
Americans in the 18th Century were slight, but even now,
prominent leaders in Chilean society are descended from
genealogical lines such as the American Delano, Frost and
Hoevel families.
- The Government of Chile, on March 11, 1811, sent the
initial note to the President of the United States which
initiated diplomatic relations. The note assured that "the
commonality of ideas, of feelings and necessities gives Chile
the opportunity to offer a friendly and brotherly hand to the
generous American people, although it still cannot be done in
person in the way we would have liked."
- The first U.S. representative to arrive in Chile was Joel
Robert Poinsett, sent by Secretary of State James Monroe.
Poinsett, whose mission was obstensibly commercial, surpassed
that responsibility by virtue of his fine manners,
extraordinary linguistic talent, his profound knowledge of
Napoleonic Europe, and his military knowledge, which he gained
at the Woolwich Academy. On February 24, 1812, he was recieved
and recognized by Chile as the U.S. Consul, and regular
diplomatic exchanges between Chile and the U.S. then began.
- Chileans were geographically too far away to peal the bell
in Philadelphia which announced America's freedom to the
world. But we see that the closeness which was sought by our
countries's fathers has been achieved through the work of many
generations of Chileans and Americans who have believed in
spiritual freedom, in justice and in peace -- beliefs which
have brought us closer together through these past centuries.
- The experiment of the 13 American colonies in 1776
attracted the attention of the world as a new force. Europeans
discussed if a democratic government was desirable, possible,
or even moral. But in Latin America, there were few doubts.
There the example of the United States inspired independent
patriots throughout the Spanish Empire, including Chile.
16 NOV 30 15:10 FROM EMBAJADa E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 007
- Chilean grain provided provisions for the Gold Fever in
California in 1849. Until the Panama Canal was constructed,
Valparaiso was a principle and important port which figured
into maritime commerce between the East and West coasts of the
United States.
16 NOV '90 15:11 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 008
1356W
BIOGRAPHIC SKETCHES OF GABRIELA MISTRAL
AND PABLO NERUDA
Pablo Neruda
Pablo Neruda (Neftali Ricardo Reyes), Latin America's best
known poet, was born in Parral, Chile, December 7, 1904. He
began his career as a practicing journalist after majoring in
French, writing for various newspapers, and publishing some of
his first poems. In 1920 he arrived in Santiago, where by
1921, he had published numerous books of prose and verse. In
1968 he won the Joliot Curie Prize; in 1944 the Municipal Prize
in Literature; and in 1945 the National Prize in Literature.
In 1927 he left Chile to serve as Consul in Calcutta, Rangoon,
Ceylan, Java, Buenos Aires, and Spain. He was Consul in Mexico
from 1941-44. He was a communist senator representing the
provinces of Tarapacá and Antofagasta, and in 1970, Ambassador
to France. In 1971, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. He
was a faculty director at the University of Chile, President of
the Writers' Society of Chile, and in 1965, he was given an
honorary doctorate by Oxford University. He died in 1973.
Gabriela Mistral
Gabriela Mistral (Lucila Godoy Alcayaga), the most important
Chilean poetress of this century, was born in Vicuna, Chile, on
April 7, 1889. She won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1945.
She attended a teachers college in Santiago and taught for
several years. She rose to important posts in the Chilean
educational system and helped reorganize the rural schools of
Mexico in 1922-1924. She also served as Chilean consul in
European and American cities. Gabriela Mistral began writing
poetry after a tragic love affair. Her poems are passionate
and direct and express a deeply religious nature. She died in
Hempstead, New York on January 10, 1957.
16 NOV '90 15:11
FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 009
Relations between Chile and the United States
1990
On March 11, 1811, The Government of Chile sent a note
179
initiating diplomatic relations with the United States to the
President. The note cited "the community of ideas, of feelings
and needs" ("La comunidad de ideas, de sentimientos Y de
necesidades") shared by the two republics although they were by
the standards of the day separated by great distances. Today
we continue to share those same ideas, sentiments and needs,
but we no longer are separated by great distances. In the
world of today, we are close neighbors.
Chilean geography and climate
X
Chile's unique geography has shaped the the history of
its people. Before the age of modern communications, Chile was
extremely isolated, bound by the Andes to the east, deserts to
the north and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country
repeatedly has suffered severe earthquakes. while the north of
the country contains one of the driest deserts on Earth - the
600 mile long Atacama desert where no rainfall ever has been
recorded - the central region has a Californian climate, with
warm, mild summer weather and gentle winters. Southern Chile
is much like Oregon and Washington, with cool weather and
plenty of rain.
Chile has 34 national parks, 32 national forests and six
natural monuments. Together these cover 17 percent of the
country, and include some of the most remote wilderness on
earth, including more than five million acres of icecap.
The Chilean character
The Chilean character is rooted in its Spanish heritage
as well as in history and geography. The family unit is strong
and Chileans generally are conservative. Nevertheless there is
a strong thread of individualism, and individual traits are
respected. People give great importance to good manners, and
repeatedly use phrases such as "por favor" (please), "gracias"
(thank you), , "disculpe" (pardon me) and "permiso" (excuse me)
in their everyday speech. One of the worst insults one can
receive is to be called "mal educado" (ill mannered).
The Spanish nature of the Chilean character has been
substantially modified by other European influences -
especially English and German -- and some U.S. example.
Chileans have great respect for law and order, accuracy and
honesty in business dealings.
PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE UNITED STATES
Dwight D. Eisenbower
1960-61
Containing the Public Messages, Speeches, and
Statements of the President
JANUARY I, 1960, TO JANUARY 20, 1961
72
Public Papers of the Presidents
better sources of information, as seems evident they did not have in the
our two count
very hasty, even rapid reading of most of the parts of this letter that I saw.
own was scar
Now I would like to send to them my very warmest greetings. I be-
suspect, that y
lieve in them, but I do hope, as I say, that they will come to their con-
That was in I
clusions on the basis of fact.
pendence. La
I congratulate all of you for what you are doing here in Chile. Your
was written in
efforts will strengthen still further the friendly working relations of Chile
sentative to C
and the United States, and the good neighborliness of all the American
of my country
Republics.
These early
And I repeat to you one great truth: the peace that we all seek, in
firm base is a
justice and in freedom, can be based only on one thing, mutual under-
dignity of mai
standing. Unless we have that among peoples, and eventually govern-
of the people.
ments, which are always seemingly behind the people rather than ahead
During the
of them-unless we have that kind of understanding-mutual under-
discussions wit
standing-we are not going to have true peace.
into your prol
Each of you that helps in the tiniest way to bring about this under-
stability and g
standing is thereby promoting the peace for himself, his children, and
We all kno
those who are to come after him.
unto itself, or
It is a pleasure to see you-and good luck to all of you.
We in the
NOTE: The President spoke at II a.m. in
ing words he referred to U.S. Ambassador
still experimer
the Windsor Theater in Santiago to mem-
Walter Howe. Later he referred to Felipe
How much
bers of the U.S. Embassy staff, the Ameri-
Herrera, President of the Inter-American
can community, the American Society of
Development Bank.
and of helping
Chile, the Association of American
The letter to the President from the
coercion could
Women in Chile, and the Chilean-Ameri-
Students Federation of Chile is published
can Chamber of Commerce. In his open-
in the Department of State Bulletin (vol.
The quest
42, p. 648).
preposterous.
which, if con
73
У
Address Before a Joint Session of the
all mankind.
As you knc
National Congress of Chile. March I, 1960
Middle East,
convey to mil
Mr. President of the Senate, Mr. President of the Chamber, Members
a world of fre
of the Congress of Chile:
Soon, with
It is a high honor indeed and a personal privilege for me to address
the Chairma
the elected representatives of the free people of the Republic of Chile.
in part to pre
In this year-the 150th anniversary of the first movement toward
confer with t
independence by Chilean patriots-I bring to you and your people the
us hope ferve
warm greetings and congratulations of my countrymen.
may come un
We Americans glow with pride when we recall the early links between
of tensions ai
256
Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1960
73
our two countries-when you were seeking your independence and our
own was scarcely a generation old. It was not just coincidence, I
suspect, that your first Congress was inaugurated on the fourth of July.
That was in 1811, the 35ᵗʰ anniversary of our own Declaration of Inde-
pendence. Later, in 1812, the first draft of your provisional Constitution
was written in the home of Joel Poinsett, United States Consular repre-
sentative to Chile. In the battle which helped bring final victory, one
of my countrymen was the Chief of Staff of Lord Cochrane.
These early associations helped forge lasting bonds of friendship. Their
firm base is a shared philosophy-faith in God, respect for the spiritual
dignity of man, and the conviction that government must be the servant
of the people.
During the past twenty-four hours I have had friendly and helpful
discussions with your distinguished President. I have gained new insight
into your problems and the efforts you are making to achieve economic
stability and growth which will mean a better life for all your people.
We all know that in today's inter-dependent world no nation can live
unto itself, or be immune to developments in other lands.
We in the Western Hemisphere are still young nations, still growing,
still experimenting.
How much easier would be the tasks of our own internal development
and of helping nations sustain liberty, if the awesome threat of conflict and
coercion could be eliminated from the minds and affairs of men.
The quest for peace is the imperative of our time. War has become
PETURN 10: RECORDS
preposterous. And maintaining armaments is consuming resources
which, if constructively used, could bring forth a new era of benefit for
all mankind.
As you know, I recently visited a number of the nations of Europe, the
Middle East, South Asia and Africa. There I had an opportunity to
convey to millions the wish dearest to the hearts of my own countrymen;
a world of free men living in peace and friendship.
Soon, with my colleagues in Great Britain and France, I will meet with
the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union. It is
in part to prepare for this meeting that I have sought the opportunity to
confer with the leaders of some of the Latin American nations. All of
us hope fervently that out of this and subsequent international meetings
may come understandings which will permit at least a partial relaxation
of tensions and a modest advance along the road of lasting peace.
257
16
0 15:09 FROM EMBAJADA E.E.U.U.
PAGE. 004
Chilean expressions which might be inserted into speeches
Tener mucho trabajo "entre manos" - to have a lot of
documentation to study and resolve. "I have..." would be
"tengo mucho
por si las moscas - just in case. Ex. Bring an umbrella "por
si las moscas."
Poner los puntos sobre las ies - to dot all the "I's" and cross
all the "t's". To make things very clear, so there's no doubt.
Mas claro echarle agua - used when referring to something which
is absolutely clear - at the end of a sentence. "Its clear as
day."
Mas vale tarde que nunca Better late than never
En boca cerrada no entran moscas - Its better to keep your
mouth shut, its less risky. (For the press )
Ladrillo sobre ladrillo se construye una casa - "Brick by brick
houses are built." In other words things happen slowly, but
surely.
Hay que darle tiempo al tiempo - Everything in its own time.
El asunto tiene muchos bemoles - Its a very complicated and
difficult situation.
El tramite va muy bien encaminado - Things are going well,
slowly, but surely
X
E1 movimiento se prueba andando - Action rather than words.
De todas maneras - of course
Estar donde las papas queman - to go to battle To be where the
action is. Ex: He's always "donde las papas queman.
Estamos al otro lado - We're over the hump. The hard part is
over. You are over the hump would be "Estan al..."
Cualquier cantidad - A lot
Cero falta: Everything went smoothly. Perfect.
Cada dia tiene su propio afan - Each day brings its own
surprises, SO why worry about what will happen tomorrow.
Comida hecha, amistad deshecha - If a visitor has to leave
right after eating. A bit like "Hate to eat and run. at
377w
noon Friday
(Smith/Dooley)
November 28, 1990
10 a.m. 10 a.m.
2 P.M.
CHILE
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: CHAMBER COMMERCE
SANTIAGO, CHILE
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1990
7:55 A.M.
President Aylwin, Ambassador Gillispie, members of AmCham
Chile, friends. I want to thank you, Ed [Tillman], for those
Abe
kind words. It is an honor to with you -- and to be the first
1.b
American President to visit Chile in thirty years. //
I am especially pleased to see my friend and vecino [ve-
Advance
see no], President Aylwin. Two months ago we first met at the
NEXIS
White House. Over the last day I have again had the chance to
Advance
observe his insight and eloquence. // There is a Chilean word --
Emb
"salvaje brillante or genial
] which describes such leadership. Mr.
President, I salute you on behalf of every American. //
Three decades ago, the last U.S. President to visit Chile
said this to your country's Congress: "The friendship between
Curt
the two Nations is based on shared philosophy, on faith in God,
respect for the spiritual dignity of man, and the conviction that
government is the servant of the people. " //
The man who said those words was one of the noblest
Americans of this or any age -- a hero in the image of such
Emb
Chilean heroes as Artigas, San Martin and Simon Bolivar. // His
name was Dwight Eisenhower. He was an apostle of peace who
believed in the brotherhood of peoples. //
2
Today, our two Nations have never been more united by the
links President Eisenhower spoke about -- a belief in work,
faith, family, and democracy. I am here to discuss how we can
use those beliefs to build a New Dawn in the New World. //
Last June, we introduced an initiative to make that dawn a
reality -- aided by leaders like President Aylwin who know the
key to progress is trade, not aid. // We called it Enterprise
for the Americas -- an initiative which that can help foreign
Dam
investment, free trade, and official debt reduction bring
prosperity to Chile and its neighbors. // I call on the business
sectors of Chile and America to use this initiative to make the
individual -- not the State -- our voice of tomorrow. //
Already, you have enriched today -- helping America become
Chile's largest trade partner. We need to expand that trade, and
and we will. But only if both economies remain open -- open to
ideas, open to reform, open to free-market creativity. // That
requires continued support for Chile's embrace of democracy. Or
to the Council of the Americas other
as your President said this fall at the United Nations: "Chile
UN
but
is showing that an expanding, stable, and equitable economy is
compatible with an open and democratic political system." //
President Aylwin knew that the tide toward freedom -- once
begun -- is irresistible. In that spirit, we can take great
pride in recently concluding a trade and investment framework
NSC
agreement between our countries. America's confidence in Chilean
business is a major reason for this accomplishment. // Yet the
best -- I believe -- lies ahead. Through Enterprise For the
3
Americas, we can -- and must -- sign an eventual Free Trade
Agreement between our two countries to bring prosperity and
opportunity to both our peoples. //
movimiento
A favorite Chilean expression goes, "El moviemineto se
Emb.
prueba andando. " [
]
Yes, action rather than words. // A
free trade agreement will actively stem the siren song of
protectionism. // Consider that Japan receives Chilean food.
State
And Peru buys Chilean forestry products. The European community
buys your fruit. And America takes about 16 percent of Chilean
exports. // The only thing you don't export are Nobel Prize
winners and world-renowned pianists. You keep them here.
11]
Free trade will also demand that we lift tariff and non-
tariff barriers. Helping the farmer in San Fernando -- the miner
Calama Atacama
State in Lota -- the worker in Valdivia gain what all Chileans deserve:
Employment and dignity. // But free trade is just one way to
reach this New Dawn we envision. A second is official debt
reduction. //
I am proud to say that legislation creating a program of
debt reduction under Enterprise for the Americas was introduced
NSC
in our Congress three months ago. I have -- and will continue -
- to work for its passage. // I am pleased, too, by the creative
debt reduction programs that Chile has pioneered. Debt for
state
equity swaps -- exchanges that have transformed debt from a
boondoggle on development into new opportunities for growth. //
Let us work to reduce the crippling burden of debt. And as
we do, let us achieve the third and final part of Enterprise for
4
the Americas. I refer to a policy which yields the investment
which yields growth which yields jobs. //
From the Andes to the coast of Alaska, our Nations must --
and have -- become partners -- not merely friends. Consider that
since 1985, about $2.5 billion investment dollars have flowed
state
into Chile. And that from 1990-95, an estimated $13.2 billion
dollars will aid Chile's development -- most of it focusing on
mining, industry, energy, and telecommunications. //
We want to protect this investment. So we should rejoice
that as Chile returns to democracy, OPIC -- the Overseas Private
Investment Corporation -- is returning to Chile. // I have asked
OPIL
OPIC to mobilize resources to design a financial product for
private investment throughout Latin America. And because Chile
is already a pioneer, OPIC members will make a ten-day visit here
next month. // What's more, your companies have become a model
of reform. So let us build on these beginnings -- and carry them
to your neighbors. Give us your ideas on the privatization of
state enterprises. Tell us how investment has enriched your
Nation --so that further investment can enrich the Southern
Hemisphere. //
Nearly 180 years ago, your government sent President Madison
a note which -- by initiating diplomatic relations -- embodied
color this partnership. It spoke of how "Chile [must seize] the
opportunity to offer a a friendly and brotherly hand to the
American people." As you have regarding financial resources --
and, yes, by helping to protect the world's natural resources. //
5
In that context, I ask for your support -- and Chile's -- of my
NSC
proposals for a hemispheric institute investigating global
change. //
A decade from now, we will enter the 21st Century. Already,
we see its outline. // It will be a world in which only those
Nations which modernize and compete will prosper. A world in
which investment and trade will create opportunity and progress.
// I see a world where only unprecedented cooperation among
Nations can confront a new generation of challenges. A new world
which reflects the spirit of the Chilean people. A people that
is brave, valiant, industrious, alive. //
Together, we can make the New Dawn of this New World an age
of the offered hand and open heart -- achieving, as the
diplomatic note I spoke of said, "A community of shared ideas, of
color
feelings and necessities.' So let us act not for ourselves alone
-- but for the generations to come. //
Thank you for this occasion. Good luck to you all. And
God bless the Nations we so dearly love -- Chile and the United
States of America.
#
#
#
#
SUGGESTED STATEMENT FOR ARRIVAL CEREMONY
cw-
SANTIAGO, CHILE
FYI!!
We are delighted to be guests in your beautiful country.
We are aware, too, of your proud cultural history which has
nurtured two Nobel prize-winning poets. An essential element
Dan
of that culture has been Chile's long democratic tradition.
mls
Our two societies have much in common. The diplomatic
note which initiated Chile's diplomatic relations with the U.S.
in 1811 alluded to the "commonality of ideas, of feelings and
of needs" shared by the two countries.
This commonality of ideas, sentiments and needs continues
to characterize our relationship.
By applying the principles of democracy, free trade, free
markets and regional integration, our two nations, together
with the rest of the nations of the hemisphere, can achieve
prosperity.
Working together, we can build relationships of mutual
cooperation and benefit.
I am particularly pleased that President Aylwin has
responded so positively to my Enterprise for the Americas
Initiative. During our talks, President Aylwin and I will
PD- For files,
Thank.
-2-
explore ways to move forward in tangible ways to implement the
Initiative.
I look forward to talks on these and other issues, and
indeed to all aspects of this visit to which I attach great
importance.