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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Backup Files Subseries: Chron File, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13748 Folder ID Number: 13748-003 Folder Title: American Legislative Exchange Council 3/1/91 [OA 6856] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 26 21 3 1 TESTIMONY PRESENTED BEFORE THE SENATE BUDGET COMMITTEE BY WILLIAM M. DIEFENDEFER, III DEPUTY DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET FEBRUARY 20, 1991 Mr. Chairman, Members of the Committee, it is a pleasure to be with you today to outline the general concept and philosophy underlying the President's initiative to turn over a number of Federal programs to the States, consolidating them into a single block grant. WHAT IT IS: The general concept of the initiative is straightforward. We will work with State and local governments, and the Congress, to select several Federal grant programs for "turnover.' We would then take the money that would have been budgeted at the Federal level for the next five years and convert it into a single block grant, thus providing the States with the ability to manage the funds more flexibly and more efficiently. The funding for the new block grant would approximate the same distribution to the individual States as they would have received under the present program structure -- seeking to ensure that no State would be harmed by the proposal. THE WAY IT WOULD WORK: Some very basic principles guide the way the program would work. First, the list of federally funded programs must be mutually agreed upon -- by the Administration, the States and localities, and the Congress. Second, the proposal is not some sort of budgetary gimmick designed to reduce the Federal budget or specific Federal programs. The Administration is committed to funding these programs at the projected levels for the next five years. Third, the proposal is not revenue sharing. Once the final mix of programs is decided, the States would use the funds provided in the same areas as the original programs, although not necessarily in the same proportions and same ways. Fourth, as I have mentioned, the proposal will have neither winners nor losers. Once a list of programs has been agreed upon, and a current funding level determined, we will calculate, on a State-by-State basis, what the funding level should be, based on the current distribution of funds in the programs that would be turned over. Finally, the list of "Potential Block Grant Programs" in the Budget is just that -- "potential." The list, in effect, provides in the 11 suggested programs illustrative examples of what might be turned over. These total more than $21 billion in Federal spending. We are already working with organizations that represent State and local governments to select at least $15 billion in programs for turn over. WHY DO IT: The reasons for our proposal are as follows. O The proposal allows the States and localities to manage a pool of resources more flexibly and efficiently. O The proposal allows those in the best position to determine the needs of their citizens to be free -- to target and focus Federal assistance in accordance with each of their circumstances and to provide for innovation, as "laboratories of democracy." This last point is important. As the President suggested in his State of the Union address: "The Federal Government too often treats government programs as if they are of Washington, by Washington, and for Washington." The President urged a more dynamic life cycle: "Some programs should increase. Some programs should decrease. Some should be terminated. And some should be consolidated and turned over to the States." Another reason for our proposal is the growing number of specific grants to State and local governments. In 1980, there were 428 such programs. That number was reduced to 297 following enactment of ten block grants in 1982. But, by 1990, the number had not only climbed back to where we were a decade ago, but increased even further to more than 450! Once again, we need to reduce Federal overload. Experience with the block grants enacted in 1981 and 1982 has shown that greater efficiency can be achieved if State agencies have more flexibility in administering programs. As you may know, the General Accounting Office has historically supported the use of block grants as a way to "decongest" the Federal system and provide a clearer focal point for accountability. GAO has found 2 that the States reported widespread management improvements under the 1981 block grants. These focused on reduced time and effort preparing applications and reports, improved planning and budgeting practices, and better use of staff. The GAO concluded that block grants work, and work well. Our proposal would also permit reductions in regulation and associated paperwork. The 11 candidate programs on our list are currently subject to 1,028 Federal Register pages of regulation, requiring an estimated 4.2 million hours of paperwork each year. To gauge the opportunity for simplification, one has only to look at the nine block grants established by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981. The number of Federal Register pages was reduced from 905 to 31, and paperwork was reduced by 5.9 million hours, or 91 percent. WHY THESE 11 PROGRAMS?: Let me restate what Director Darman told members of this Committee last week. "Conceptually we are firm. With respect to specific programs, our list is strictly illustrative." Let me give you a sense of why we picked these program as illustrative. First, in the area of education: 1) Impact aid payments to local educational agencies compensate them when Federal activities result in increased enrollments or losses of local revenue. The impacts are local; the States are in a better position to gauge the need for assistance. 2) Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants go to post- secondary schools to supplement Pell grants and other student aid. They are "campus based" and not portable. The Budget proposes increases in the Pell grants program and an increase in school matching for the SEOG program from 15 percent to 50 percent. The States are in a better position than we to judge how these dollars might best be allocated. 3) The Chapter 2 Block Grant Program makes formula grants to States and local educational agencies (based on school-aged population) to improve the quality of elementary and secondary education in both public and private schools. Why not let the States determine the best uses of these education funds? 4) Public library programs help libraries; the largest of these programs consists of formula grants to States. If these programs remain Federal, the Budget proposes to limit their use to support of local library literacy 3 efforts. Again, why not let the States decide how best to help literacy and libraries? Second, in the area of environmental protection: 1) EPA's construction grants program provides funds to States to build municipal and regional sewage treatment facilities. Since over 90 percent of treated sewage flow is now treated at the secondary level, Congress has proposed a phase out of this program over time. The States are in a better position to judge the remaining needs and allocations. Third, in the area of health and human services: 1) State welfare administrative expenses are currently reimbursed at varying rates by the Federal Government in connection with the Medicaid, Aid to Families with Dependent Children, and Food Stamp programs. The block grant proposal would permit consolidation of administrative reimbursement, eliminating separate accounting by program. 2) The Social Services Block Grant provides funds to States to support a variety of social welfare programs. Inclusion of this program permits State and local governments to manage their efforts in this and other areas more flexibly. 3) The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program provides money to States to help poor families pay their heating bills. Consolidation of this program in the Administration's proposal will allow States to determine the best way to provide supplemental income to poor people. Fourth, in the area of housing and community development: 1) Five public and subsidized housing programs are included in this proposal. These provide funds to Public Housing Authorities and others to assist low- income housing through rental subsidies, rehabilitation, crime and drug reduction, and management services. These are all local needs, better dealt with at the State and local, not Federal and local, levels. 2) The Community Development Block Grant Program funds housing rehabilitation, economic development, public works and social services through grants to cities and States. These again are matters over which the States will have a better sense than the Federal Government. 4 And finally, in the area of law enforcement: 1) The Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Program provides formula and discretionary grants to States and local communities for various crime and antidrug programs. Consolidation of these programs would provide greater flexibility to the States in dealing with these problems. These 11 programs were selected to serve as examples of the kind of programs that should be considered for turnover to the States. The programs all involve State and local responsibilities; most of them are already largely managed at the State and local level. By and large, we felt that these programs provided good examples of Federal activities that could be better managed closer to home. Again, let me emphasize that the 11 programs or program groups in the Budget were listed primarily as examples of what might, or could be, consolidated. They are not a final list, but rather a starting point for discussions with the Congress, and State and local government. These discussions are under way, and we will be providing details to the Congress in the coming weeks. CONCLUSION: This is a serious proposal. We have given it serious thought and consideration. We know you will give it serious thought and consideration. We also know our partners in government, the States and localities, will give it serious thought and consideration. We have been enormously encouraged by what we have heard so far. The Governors have been strongly supportive of the concept. You have heard from Governor Ashcroft (currently Vice Chairman of the National Governors' Association). State legislators are also supportive. We have received letters from the National Conference of State Legislatures and the American Legislative Exchange Council. We have also heard, among others, from the President of the Louisiana Senate, Samuel Nunez; the former Speaker Pro Tem of the Colorado House, Paul Schauer; and the Minority Leader of the Illinois House, Lee Daniels. At the same time, we understand the problems presented to us last week by various representatives of local governments regarding the Community Development Block Grant Program. We have asked them to provide us with a proposal in this area that would meet their concerns. We have also heard from mayors who support the full and open discussion of Federal programs that can be administrated at the State and local levels. Among them are the 5 mayors of Madison, Wisconsin; Modesto, California; and North Charleston, South Carolina. But, most important, I would urge each of you to attempt to focus the debate on the concept. Then, let's decide where we can agree on specific programs, and move forward to construct a list of programs for turnover that is mutually agreeable and beneficial to all. One last point. The President's target of at least $15 billion seems a reasonable minimum. It requires a substantial sum to test a new concept. We propose to select the programs, with the advice of the States and localities, and we propose to commit to fund them fully over at least a five year period. Some have suggested that these programs will be vulnerable once lumped into a block grant. I would suggest they will be equally vulnerable if they remain separate in the appropriations process. We are not proposing to turn over programs of our choosing, and we are not proposing to turn over programs with built-in growth potential down the road and no funding commitment. In this proposal, you get the money when you get the program. Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to clarify and amplify the Administration's goals and objectives with regard to this "turn-over" initiative. I will now be happy to take your questions. 6 STATEMENT OF GOVERNOR JOHN ASHCROFT STATE OF MISSOURI BEFORE THE BUDGET COMMITTEE U.S. SENATE HEARING ON BLOCK GRANTS FEBRUARY 20, 1991 FEE 19 '91 05:17PM HHI GOVERNOR'S ASSOCIATION P.3.8 Mr. Chairman, I am happy to be here today to discuss the block grant proposal submitted in the President's budget. The major points of my statement are as follows: First, the nation's governors support the block grant concept and we appreciate the willingness of -Flexibility Congress and the Indegrate administration' to include us in the design of the block grant. programs to best advantage in States Second, the states have ten years of successful experience administering block grants created from the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1981. So we are not embarking on a risky or untried course in working together to fashion yet another. Uses figures from our testimony on paperwork/ regs. GOUI. Not indencived Third, the National Governors' Association will be ready by -Administra- in local portion the second week of March to recommend programs to be included tion List illustative of CBDG in the block. - work jointly Need common with NCSL theme Priority to eliminating mandates Fourth, we are anxious to go beyond the block grant concept to Programs to be turned over should build a stronger federal-state partnership. - Moratorium as mandato be national in scope, not just special States The National Governors' Association has responded positively to Moratarium President Bush's concept of turning over at least $15 billion in on mandates. Look forward federal programs in a block grant. We believe this would represent to work with another important step in improving the partnership between the federal Congress. and state governments. If enacted, a block grant should provide for more effective and efficient program delivery at the state level. My fellow governors and I are particularly pleased that Congress and the FEB 19 'Yr 05:17PM NHI'L GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION administration have reached out to us to build an improved federal-state partnership. Our citizens cannot help but benefit when we work together. In addition to this Senate Budget Committee hearing, members of the House leadership have also indicated there seems to be a desire to work closely with us. The BLOCK GRANT CONCEPT This concept is "another important step" in an improved federal-state partnership because it is not the first step and we hope it will not be the last. In the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1981, Congress eliminated 59 grant programs and consolidated nearly 80 narrowly focused categorical grant programs into nine broad-based block grants. In the process, more than 600 pages of federal regulations were reduced to less than a dozen. The states now have more than ten years of successful block grant administration. Congress knew then what it recognizes today with the block grant proposal -- that moving decisionmaking closer to the citizens can improve service delivery. Not only have the previous block grants been successful, but because there is a new premium on integration of services a new block grant would be even more effective today. Problems do not respect agency or program lines. Reducing infant mortality, improving school performance, strengthening families, reducing teenage pregnancy, and improving the quality of our work force all require a range of services that cut across current agency lines. While states recognize the need to better integrate and coordinate services, such efforts are often complicated by the eligibility and programmatic limitations of narrow categorical programs. FEB 19 '91 05:18PM NHI GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION is There is, for example, a clear consensus that preventing dropouts requires significant changes in school curriculum. However, it may also require programs such as day care for teenage mothers, health and social service programs to reduce teen pregnancy, child protective services to deal with the problems of an abusive parent, drug or alcohol treatment, or part-time employment or some other program to facilitate the transition from school to work. Under current federal grants each of these services is separately authorized, and several of the individual services may be funded from more than one categorical grant. Some are limited by the type of service that can be provided. Others are limited by geographic area, financial eligibility criteria, or the agency that can receive or administer the money. This fragmentation often means that people do not receive the combination of services they need to overcome their problems. Investments in one area may be largely ineffective due to the lack of critical support from another program or agency. This is a result both of different eligibility criteria, and the barriers that both recipients and service providers must face. DEVELOPING THE GOVERNORS' RECOMMENDATION The National Governors' Association plans to submit a block grant proposal to both the Congress and the administration by the second week in March. We plan to work jointly with the National Conference of FEB 19 '91 05:18PM NAT'L GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION P.6/8 State Legislatures to develop the proposal. The Governors' recommendation will follow a set of guidelines that will maximize program efficiency as follows: The programs selected should have some degree of commonality in purpose, type of services to be funded, or type of clientele who are eligible for services. Programs should be either categorical grants to state governments or project/competitive grant programs where states currently receive the majority of the funds awarded; the Governors are not interested in including grants that are currently targeted to local government. Priority should be given to those grants that currently have unduly limiting mandates and overly detailed administrative regulations. Programs selected should generally be national in scope and not those that primarily benefit selected states. There are currently over 475 categorical grants to state and local government - 76 in elementary, secondary and vocational education, 69 in social services and 61 in health care. Clearly there are considerable opportunities to consolidate many of these to increase services to our citizens. FEB 19 '91 05:18PM NHT'L GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION While most Governors respond positively to the concept of a block grant there is also some concern that the grant may be cut over time. If this is the intent then Governors would not support final enactment. MEDICAID - A FEDERAL STATE PARTNERSHIP I have shared with you the nation's governors' support for the block grant concept, the successful experiences states have in administering federal block grants, and the timetable for response from the National Governors' Association on a proposed block grant. My last point addresses the Governors' desire to go beyond the block grant concept to improve the federal-state partnership. In the summer 1989, the National Governors' Association passed a resolution calling for a two-year moratorium on new federal Medicaid mandates. Despite the Governors' united plea, Congress continued to mandate Medicaid expansions. In fiscal year 1990 alone, Medicaid spending by all states increased by 18.4 percent to $61.4 billion and consumed 12 percent of the state budgets. That placed Medicaid second only to education as the biggest expenditures in state budgets. For this year Medicaid is now projected to be up about 25 percent. The Missouri experience is common to most states. While our general revenue collections have increased an estimated 55 percent in the last six years, Missouri general revenue spending for Medicaid has increased 131 percent in the same time period. Medicaid mandates are outstripping the growth in state revenues. Since the plea to Congress in 1989 for no more new Medicaid mandates so we could implement the expansions already passed, fourteen more Medicaid mandates have been enacted. The added Medicaid mandates in Fiscal Years 1991 and 1992 alone will require an $111.1 million increase in Missouri general revenue. While many of these expansion have worthwhile goals, the major and cumulative expense to both state and federal governments poses a significant opportunity cost for states and the nation. There is simple less revenue to spend on education, children, and other state services as health care costs spiral upward. Some of the mandated changes merely shift Medicaid costs to states without providing any additional services. States are facing the toughest fiscal situation since the 1982 recession. More than 30 states will have deficits if they are not able to reduce spending or increase revenues before the end of fiscal 1991. The National Governors' Association adopted a policy at their meeting in Washington two weeks ago that the governors "should be full partners" in developing national domestic policy to address the nation's immediate concerns and develop blueprints for renewed economic growth and a better quality of life. We think a block grant proposal is one important step in that partnership. An equally important step is a moratorium on any new federal mandates, increases in state matching ratios, and shifting of costs to your already over-burdened partners in the state capitals. I would be happy to answer questions. FEB 21 '91 15:26 ALEC P.1 AMERICAN LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE IIIIIECOUNCIL P3:34 34 THIS COVER SHEET BEGINS A FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION FROM THE AMERICAN LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE COUNCIL. IF YOU-EXPERIENCE TRANSMISSION PROBLEMS, PLEASE CALL BeB KENNETT AT (202) 547-4646 FOR ASSISTANCE. DATE: 2-21-91 PLEASE DELIVER THE FOLLOWING PAGES AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. TO: PEGGY DOOLEY FROM: BOB BENNETT NUMBER OF PAGES: 2 (INCLUDING COVER SHEET) MESSAGE: Please let me know if it you need any addidional info PAQ is NOEL CARD - is available We diyner to placed FLI our to assist. A TO SEND FACSIMILE TO ALEC, PLEASE USE (202) 547-8142. 214 Massachusetts Ave., N.E. Washington, D.C. 20002 202/547-4646 FEB 21 '91 15:27 ALEC P.2 AMERICAN LEGISIATIVE EXCHANGE COUNCIL "ALEC - Bringing the States and the Nation Together" The American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) was founded in 1973 by a small group of Democratic and Republican state legislators who shared a common commitment to an agenda based on the Jeffersonian principles of free markets, limited representative government, individual liberty, and traditional family values. More than ever, these precepts remain the central tenet of the American Legislative Exchange Council. Today, ALEC is the nation's largest bipartisan, voluntary membership organization of state legislators, with more than 2,400 members, representing the 50 states, Puerto Rico and Guam. More than one third of ALEC members hold leadership positions in their legislatures. ALEC brings the States and the Nation together through conferences meetings, seminars, and publications. It provides a unique opportunity for legislators to communicate across state lines, share experiences and ideas, and work in unison with corporate leaders to create effective public policies. ALEC currently has fifteen standing Task Forces, with members representing both state legislatures and the private sector, addressing issues such as tax and fiscal policy, financial services, energy, education, health care, transportation and the environment. ALEC's credo is that business can, should, and must be an ally of legislators. To this end, ALEC affords the private sector with an unparalleled opportunity to have their voices heard, their perspectives appreciated, and their interests put before more than 2,400 pro-free enterprise state legislators. The cornerstone of the ALEC program is the forum it provides for the private sector to work in a one-on-one relationship with state legislators to develop public policies that are pro-growth, pro-business, and pro-freedom. The aim of this synergetic partnership is the development of model legislation which promotes free-enterprise, economic growth and individual liberty. The result is the creation of public policies which will ensure a strong business climate, thus improving American competitiveness in the global marketplace, thereby enhancing freedom and economic independence for all Americans. ALEC's goal is to ensure that our legislative members are fully prepared and well armed to advance the pro-freedom agenda. To help them achieve their goals, the ALEC Resource Center is available to answer research and information needs. Our expert staff has access to the Resource Center library of over 3,000 reference volumes, periodicals, trade publications, and state capital newsletters, as well as sophisticated electronic data systems (STATE-NET, WESTLAW, Western Union InfoMaster) and ALEC's exclusive network of legislative, private sector, and academic experts. 214 Massachusetts Ave., N.E. Washington, D.C. 20002 202/547-4646 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT STATE SECURITY OFFICE OFTER OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 THE DIRECTOR FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE FEBRUARY 4, 1991 Attached are excerpts from the President's State of the Union Message and Budget concerning the proposed turn-over of selected programs to the States. SINGLE CONSOLIDATED GRANT FOR THE STATES The President's statement in the State of the Union Address (January 29, 1991) : "The federal government too often treats government programs as if they are of Washington, by Washington, and for Washington. Once established, federal programs seem to become immortal. "It's time for a more dynamic program life cycle: Some programs should increase. Some should decrease. Some should be terminated. And some should be consolidated and turned over to the states. "My budget includes a list of programs for potential turnover totalling more than $20 billion. Working with Congress and the governors, I propose we select at least $15 billion in such programs and turn them over to the states in a single consolidated grant -- fully funded -- for flexible management by the states. "The value of this turnover approach is straightforward. It allows the federal government to reduce overhead. It allows states to manage more flexibly and more efficiently. It moves power and decision-making closer to the people. And it reinforces a theme of this administration: appreciation and encouragement of the innovative powers of 'States as Laboratories. The Director's Introduction to the Budget (February 4, 1991) : "Some programs should be consolidated and turned over to the States --- funded in more flexible form. Programs appropriate for such turnover may be selected from two broad categories: those whose purposes are judged by States to be of continuing value, but whose relative funding priority at the Federal level is declining; and those which seem, in any case, to be appropriate for flexible management by the States. "The President has established a target of $15 billion in program turnovers for the States. A list of possible turnover candidates totaling over $20 billion is at Table II-10. The actual. selection of programs for turnover would have to be authorized by the Congress -- in consultation with the Administration and the Governors. (After the actual selection is determined, the current distribution of such programs by State would be calculated. The Administration would then propose to replace these programs with a single consolidated block grant to the States. The formula for this new block grant would approximate the same distribution to the individual States as they would receive under the present program structure -- seeking to assure that no State would be harmed by the move to a new, consolidated block grant.) "The American Federal system has within it an enormous power for innovation: the natural variation and experimentation among the States. For too long, this potential has been under-appreciated at the Federal level. Nonetheless, the reality is that some of the most interesting examples of innovation are being set by the States -- in areas ranging from educational choice, to enterprise zones, to health cost control, welfare reform, and transportation finance. "The Administration seeks to reenforce this natural power of the States -- and to help build upon it." Program candidates for potential turn-over (fully funded) : See Table II-10 in the President's Budget for a list of programs that seem to be appropriate candidates for turn-over to the States. This list is provided to start the discussion with the Governors and the Congress. It is understood and expected that Governors and members of Congress may propose a different list. The Administration intends to be flexible in trying to develop a mutually agreeable set of programs for turn-over. The President's target of at least $15 billion of such programs seems a reasonable minimum, however. NOTE: The set of programs listed at Table II-10 is currently subject to 1,028 Federal Register pages of federal regulation, requiring an estimated 4.2 million hours of paperwork each year. 2 Part One-22 THE BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1992 Table II-10. POTENTIAL BLOCK GRANT PROGRAMS (In millions of dollars) Enacted Proposed Department/Programs 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 BA 0 BA O BA o BA 0 BA 0 BA o Education: Impact aid payments 781 815 620 695 620 651 620 624 620 620 620 620 Supplemental education oppor- tunity grants 520 404 347 498 347 352 347 347 347 347 347 347 Chapter 2 block grant 449 533 449 465 449 445 449 449 449 449 449 449 Public library services programs 143 155 35 115 .35 71 35 35 35 35 35 35 Environmental Protection Agency: Construction grants 2,083 2,345 1,900 2,195 1,200 2,082 600 1,883 - 1,482 - 1,025 Health and Human Services: State welfare administrative ex- penses for Medicaid, AFDC, and Food Stamps 5,178 5,167 5,878 5,867 6,453 6,440 7,062 7,048 7,701 7,686 8,366 8,349 Social services block grant 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 Low-income home energy assist- ance program 1,610 1,669 1,025 991 875 796 625 552 475 393 375 287 Housing and Urban Development: Selected public and subsidized housing programs 5,512 3,185 4,789 3,805 4,837 4,484 4,897 4,685 4,961 5,036 5,026 4,968 Community development block grants 3,200 3,073 2,920 3,097 2,920 3,061 2,920 2,906 2,920 2,914 2,920 2,915 Justice: Byrne Memorial State and local law enforcement assistance program 490 342 490 421 490 475 490 481 490 484 490 491 Total 22,766 20,488 21,253 20,949 21,026 21,657 20,845 21,810 20,798 22,246 21,428 22,286 3 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON STATE LEGISLATORS SERVING IN THE PERSIAN GULF (As of 2/19/91) STATE LEGISLATOR SOURCE Colorado Rep. Mike Coffman (R) State Legislators Magazine - Feb. '91 Connecticut Rep. Chris Burnham (R) CT Minority Leader's Office/Assoc. Press Louisiana Rep. Hunt Downer (D) State Government (At Ft. Polk, LA) News - Feb. '91 Nevada Rep. Jim Gibbons (R) State Government News - Feb. '91 NO Pennsylvania Rep. Paul McHale (D) State Legislators Magazine - Feb. '91 South Carolina Rep. James H. Harrison (R) SC House Minority Office NO South Carolina Sen. Phil Leventis (D) SC House Minority Office South Carolina Sen. Mike Mullinax (D) SC House Minority Stationed at Ft. Jackson Office NO Wisconsin Rep. Stephen Nass (R) State Government News - Feb. '91 = ALEC Members (per Mee.) 111"2 late doctor Moreover, inc on the face indicates "the heart was beating" when testified Wednesday. recaining 101 the terry-cloth ligature was applied, Carver what she saw in Laczynski's ransacked apart- hearts: and SOULA player cut's chief ment. She was the first police officer to next led the jack of hearts - said. Blood trapped in her left hand in- obviously with an air of total Wednesday dicates she was alive when her hands were arrive at the scene. honesty, since South played low : third jury bound as well, according to Carver. The apartment appeared "very dark" again. accused of Evidence from the body also indicates that when she first entered at about 12:30 p.m. East couldn't stifle a horselaugh three years on Oct. 5, Rivera testified. A living area's as he took four more hearts. and Laczynski was manually strangled before the South turned crimson as he went terrycloth ligature was applied, Carver light was off, although the bathroom light down four. ith murder, added under questioning by prosecutor John was on, Rivera testified. The living area's WRONG PLAY urglary. His Malone. blinds were shut, she added. Her killer also wrapped a black vinyl belt Doreen Hood, the co-worker who found No reader would be so impolite S unable to as to laugh at poor South; still. his around her neck, but that was loosely placed, Laczynski's body, testified Monday that play was not merely unlucky, but er reporter Carver said. Laczynski's apartment lights were on around wrong. afford, was He added that his examination showed no 6:30 a.m. on Oct. 5. Hood, who lived in the If West has A-X-X of hearts. iency apart- signs of a sexual assault. building next to Laczynski's, noticed the South must lose three hearts, a Hartford. A Defense lawyer Joseph Moniz was to lights when she opened the blinds in her own diamond and the ace of clubs. If West has A-X of hearts and East nude and begin his cross-examination of Carver today. apartment. has the ace of clubs, South's play looks right at first glance. hands were But if West had A-x of hearts it across her and no other high card, he'd surely overtake the first heart with the th straps cut ace and return his other heart to scissors was get out of his partner's way. I that, police South must therefore coura. ence against geously play the king of hearts at ; say belongs Trick Four. S McDonald, rtford police crime scene, le print is his SCRABBLE BRAND r, focused on SCRABBLE and SCRABBLE GRAM are reç Canada, of Murlett Regency Pty. Ltd - Aust used 34 color ck Peggy- T1 D man Burnham was very active Y G ng home from hattered when in the '88 Bush d rock from a E1 e 395 onto her with someone Canpaign in Connecticut. your face from id Lt. Robert 1. atc police in- Chip 00-110 and five others ce November. iving home to Aake a 2- to onday when the points of each word. using $c ndshield as she point bonus. "Blanks" used & overpass, police are in The Official Scrabble F Official Scrabble Words (Char 1-10-01 ion at William ch Wednesday S Monday and Associated Press have been hit wo highway ov- On the front line SCRABBLE® BRAND GRAI ach other. One U.S. Marine Capt. Chris Burnham of Stamford, holds papers certifying that E1 M, E R1 1, the other at he is a Connecticut State Representative after taking the oath of office for said. No one was a third term at his station in eastern Saudi Arabia. "I think that this is a call H4 A L. L. to honor," said the 34-year-old combat reservist, who left his job as a New id why anyone M3 E L1 O $ mother, Anne York investment banker to take part in Operation Desert Shield. "My first I.H., who visited oath of office is to the United States, and as such, I'm serving now at the B3 O1 W4 L1 1 Tuesday night. pleasure of the president." Burnham has been in Saudi Arabia just over a overpasses have week. His commanding officer administered his legislative oath in a brief PAR SCORE 115-125 14-01 :r the years for ceremony Wednesday, the same day other members of the General SCRABBLE* and BCRABBLE-GA and Canada, of Murkett Regency P such as tossing Assembly were sworn in during ceremonies in Hartford. STATED BRIEFLY Active duty for state legislators State capitols are not immune Among those called to active duty tional Guard and serves with the to the massive call-up of military are Louisiana Speaker Pro Tem H.B. Judge Advocate General's Office. forces in response to Iraq's inva- "Hunt" Downer, Nevada Rep. Jim The unit was called to active duty sion of Kuwait. Gibbons and Wisconsin Assembly- in December and quartered at Fort The mobilization has hit executive man Stephen L. Nass. Polk near Baton Rouge to await fur- and legislative staff in almost every Downer, a 15-year veteran of the ther orders. state, and in some instances has Louisiana House and an attorney, While preparing to go on active reached into the legislative cham- also is a major with the 256th In- duty, Downer found time to draft a bers themselves. fantry Brigade of the Louisiana Na- military service relief act for Loui- siana to clarify the legal and em- ployment rights for reservists called up and their families. Nass was elected to his first term in the Wisconsin House in Novem- ber. Nass took his oath of office at a special ceremony two weeks ahead of other newly-elected legislators before shipping out to the Persian Gulf. Nass, a Republican from White- water, is a staff sergeant with the 128th Air Refueling Group of the Wisconsin Air National Guard. Another air national guardsman who has been sent overseas is Rep. Gibbons, a Republican from Reno, Nev. A pilot with Delta Airlines, Lt. Col. Gibbons also serves with the 152nd Tactical Reconnaissance State officials are among those who have been called to active duty. Shown is a Squadron of the Nevada Air Na- sentry on the USS Columbus. Photo courtesy of the U.S. Navy tional Guard. Getting tough on deadlines California lawmakers seeking do it on time," said Speier. "In a cor- Sen. Alfred Alquist, chair of the to ensure that the Legislature porate environment we would have Joint Legislative Budget Commit- approves the next state budget lost our jobs. Instead we were paid." tee, wants to establish a constitu- on time - avoiding a repeat of Another proposal by Sen. Quentin tional revision commission to re- last summer's month-long delay Kopp would take away salaries and form the budgetary approval pro- - have proposed changes to prod expenses from the governor and the cess. their colleagues toward that end. legislators for every day they fail to Assemblywoman Jackie Speier meet the budget deadline. Alquist said he planned to place the issue before the voters in 1992. introduced legislation in December Kopp said in an interview in the that would force lawmakers to for- Jan. 1 issue of Cal-Tax News that Said Kopp, "Budget problems will feit $112 in per diem expenses for the Legislature has been late an worsen until we address the under- each day the budget has not passed. average of three weeks during 14 of lying structural constraints that we "We had a job to do and we did not the last 19 years. have placed in the process." 34 State Government News February 1991 first reading Bills Aim at Fakers Mouthing It on Stage Legislators in five states - lions of dollars annually to "The marketplace takes does," Law says. Massachusetts, Michigan, hear the same music they care of itself," says the New "You will not find one New York, New Jersey and could listen to at home. This England buyer of the biggest buyer in America who has California- have written is at the very least fraud, very musical acts on tour. He is any right to adjust a show in bills to require concert pro- possibly larceny," he says. opposed to any such legisla- any way. You either buy it moters to advertise con- Michigan Senator George tion mostly because he says (the show) or you don't." spicuously the fact that a Hart agrees: "It's a consumer the issue is between a legisla- Law says his office has musical artist or group uses issue. You pay for a live con- tor and the artist, not the received no complaints or re- recorded vocal tracks during cert [and wonder if] they are promoter. fund requests that he knows a live show. actually singing. There's an "We have no foreknowl- of from disgruntled con- The bills appeared just aspect of misrepresentation edge of what the exact act sumers. He suggests that days after the Grammy- to it." will be before it goes on. It's legislators who receive com- award-winning duo Milli Cambridge, Mass. concert the artist that's in every case plaints should plan to catch Vanilli was forced to sur- promoter Don Law thinks the 100 percent, not 90 percent, the artist for ticket refunds render their gold prize after so-called lip-synch bills are not 95 percent but 100 per- the next time he or she is news stories reported they unwarranted. cent in control of what he booked in the area. did not sing on their album Girl You Know It's True. The five bills are similar; each makes it mandatory for Desert Duty Replaces Capitol Duty promoters to make clear before a consumer buys a ticket that an act will be lip-synching. Pa. is one of a small number to stay in the Gulf for more Massachusetts Representa- of state legislators who are than six months. "I'm very tives William Vernon and currently stationed in the sensitive to the fact that my Kevin Poirier come from dis- Saudi Arabian desert rather constituents are entitled to tricts that house the state's than in the state capitol. voting representation in Har- two biggest performing arts McHale is a major in the risburg," McHale said before venues, Foxboro Stadium Marine Corps reserves and is being shipped out. Coffman and Great Woods Performing part of a front line infantry arranged for a fellow member Arts Center. unit. McHale volunteered for to carry a bill he was com- "We thought it appropriate Gulf duty in December say- mitted to. to file legislation to protect ing, "I felt that, in light of In June 1990, the Depart- consumer rights," says Ver- world events, the proper ment of Defense issued a non. "These people shell out Some state legislatures - place for me was on active directive that prohibits substantial sums of money like police departments, hos- duty in the Marine Corps." members on active duty from for a ticket. It's really a mat- pitals, bakeries and others - The Pennsylvania House holding civil office in a ter of truth in advertising." will be operating short- of Representatives has federal, state or local govern- The Massachusetts bill handed until the crisis in the granted McHale an extended ment. It also prohibits would fine both ticket agents Persian Gulf is resolved or excused absence from the leg- political activities such as at- (up to $5,000) and promoters members who serve in the islature, as the Colorado tending partisan political (up to $50,000) who don't tell National Guard are rotated House of Representatives did events or raising money for a consumers what's in the act home. The handful of legisla- for Representative Mike political cause. According to ahead of time. Representative tors who are in the Gulf Coffman of Aurora. Coff- a Pentagon spokesman, the Vernon says he is confident should keep an eye on how man, like McHale, is a directive will not apply to the measure will pass. long their stay is, for if they member of the Marine Corps. state legislators until they New York lip-synch bill remain on active duty for Both men have made ar- have been in the Gulf for six sponsor Assemblyman Jer- more than 180 days, the mili- rangements for their consti- months; then they will have rold Nadler agrees that legis- tary may require them to tuents by asking their senator to decide whether they will lation in his state was resign their legislative seats. to handle constituent re- resign their military commis- necessary. Representative Paul quests. McHale stated that he sion or their seat in the state "Concertgoers spend mil- McHale of West Bethlehem, will resign his seat if he has house. 8 State Legislatures February 1991 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 February 19, 1991 MEMORANDUM: FOR: BILL DIEFENDERFER FROM: Frank Hodsoll Brank SUBJECT: Letters/Statements in Support of Block Grant Attached are copies of letters (or statements) in support of the block grant program (or at least discussion of the concept) from: National Conference of State Legislatures American Legislative Exchange Council Illinois Minority Leader Lee Daniels Louisiana Senate President Samuel Nunez Former Colorado Speaker Pro Tem Paul Schauer Modesto, CA, Mayor Carol Whiteside Madison, WI, Mayor Morris Wooden North Charleston, SC, Major John Boehne Boise, Idaho, Dirk Kempthorne We expect specific responses on the substance of the proposal from the Mayors and Counties within a week (including CBDG) and from the Governors and State legislatures the second week of March. Attachments FEB " '91 11149 ... NCBL WASH DC P,O1 NATIONAL CONDERENCE or STATE LEOIBLATURES WASHINGTON OFFICE: 444 NORTH CAPITOL STREET, NW SUITE 500 WASHINGTON, D.C. 2000) 202-624-5400 PAX 202-727-1069 JOHN MARTIN SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE February 8, 1991 MAINE PRESIDENT, NOIL The Honorable John Sununu WILLIAM RUSSELL Chief of Staff CHIBP LEOISLATIVE COUNSEL The White House VERMONT Washington, D.C. 20500 STAFF CHAIR, NCSL WILLIAM POUND Dear Governor Sununu: EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Thank you very much for meeting with Assemblyman Jim Tallon and me last Wednesday. We were pleased to learn more about President Bush's block grant proposal and welcome the opportunity to work with you and other members of the White House staff on this critical project. Following our meeting with you, Assemblyman Tallon and I met by conference call with the other officers of the National Conference of State Legislatures - Speaker John Martin, Maine; Senator Bud Burke, Kansas; and Representative Art Hamilton, Arizona. All of us are enthusiastic about the concept you outlined to us and the chance it would afford state governments to be more flexible and responsive in dealing with a variety of domestic problems. During our conference call, we agreed to a process for developing NCSL's response to the President's proposal. On February 22, we will convene the chairs of the standing committees that comprise our State Federal Assembly. They will draft a document that would identify the program we would want included in the package and, most likely, make recommendations about how the grant would be structured. The NCSL officers then will present this document to our full Executive Committee on March 9 in San Francisco. We will also discuss it with state legislative leaders when they convene in Washington, D.C. on March 14. We would be ready, then, anytime after March 14, to meet with you and the governors to reach consensus on the proposal. We look forward to working with you on this. Please feel free to contact Speaker John Martin or me if you have any questions. Sincerely, Lee A. Daniels House Minority Leader Illinois Immediate Past President, NCSL 5.09754 AMERICAN LEGISIATIVE EXCHANGE IIIII COUNCIL February 1, 1991 The Honorable George Herbert Walker Bush President of the United States The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: On behalf of the 2,400 state legislators represented by the American Legislative Exchange Council, we would like to offer our congratulations on your State of the Union address, and our heartfelt support for your courageous stand against the tyranny and brutality of Saddam Hussein and Iraq's unjustified invasion of Kuwait. The courage, vision and strength you have shown in leading the world in this just and noble cause has been inspiring. Please know that our thoughts and prayers are with you and the brave men and women of our military and allied forces who stand in harm's way, ready to make the ultimate sacrifice for freedom and justice. We also offer our strong endorsement and enthusiastic support for your proposal, in the State of Union address, to consolidate $20 billion of Federal programs and the transfer of their administration, fully funded, to the states. Your commitment to "move power and decision-making closer to the people" is an affirmation of the fundamental principles of American representative government established by our Founding Fathers. The membership of the American Legislative Exchange Council, who are both in spirit and action the ideal of the "citizen legislator,' is firmly committed to government as Lincoln envisioned it, "of the people, by the people, and for the people, not, as you accurately described it, "of Washington, by Washington and for Washington." Our experience has been that "the innovative power of 'states as laboratories" has often gone unnoticed. Yet trace the history of many Federal initiatives, such as parental choice in education, workfare programs, and individual medical accounts, and the path leads to state and local governments, the private sector, volunteer groups and individual citizens. Therefore, states are also "laboratories of democracy", forging dynamic partnerships between citizens and their government for the improvement of their communities. By strengthening government at the state and local levels we can best harness the talents, creativity and energy of our citizens to challenge and conquer the problems plaguing the nation. We also applaud your commitment to policies, such as parental choice in education, tenant ownership and management of public housing, and Enterprise Zones to promote investment and create jobs in our Inner cities, which empower people, not government, to Improve their lives. In order for America to remain vibrant we must mustain the basic American Ideals of Individual responsibility, self-determination and equal opportunity. Government can offer a helping hand, but It should not be In the form of the invisible shackles of A welfare plantation. Independence is nurtured only by ensuring that individuals have the economic opportunities and personal freedom they need to succeed. The truth remains that the best department of health, education and welfare is the American family. Mr. President, you have led the world Into action against the evil aggression of Saddam Hussein. After Kuwait is liberated, you will be in the position to lead the nation into a new era of economic opportunity and freedom. We offer our support to help build a national consensus for policies that foster free enterprise, empower individuals and families to achieve independence, and promote democracy both here and abroad. God Bless you, and God Bless the United States of America. Sincerely, Eller R.Soverby Delegate Ellen R. Sauerbrey Sam A. Brunelli Maryland House of Delegates Executive Director National Chairman FEB DE '91 09:10 ALEC P.2 MERIOIN LEGISLATIVE Washington, D.C. 20002 Newslease IIIIIECOUNCE 214 Massachusetts Ave., ALEC ENDORSES PRESIDENT BUSH'S PLEDGE OF $20 BILLION TO THE STATES February 1, 1991-Washington D.C. On behalf of the 2,400 state legislators it represents nationwide, the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) offered its "strong endorsement and enthusiastic support" for President Bush's proposal to "turnover" $20 billion in Federal programs to the states. ALEC also applauded President Bush for his adoption of policies that would "empower people" to improve their lives. In a letter from Delegate Ellen R. Sauerbrey (MD-10), National Chairman, and Executive Director Sam A. Brunelli, the ALEC membership offered the President their support "to build a national consensus for policies that foster free enterprise, empower individuals and families to achieve independence, and promote democracy both here and abroad." The letter also offered the President "our heartfelt support for your courageous stand against the tyranny and brutality of Saddam Hussein and Iraq's unjustified invasion of Kuwait." The letter noted that the success of "states as laboratories' has often gone unnoticed", and that many of the programs which have been proposed at the national level began as efforts by "state and local governments, the private sector, volunteer groups and individual citizens," citing parental choice in education, workfare programs, and individual medical accounts as examples. The letter added that "states are 'laboratories of democracy', forging dynamic partnerships between citizens and their government" providing the best opportunity to "harness the talents, creativity and energy of our citizens. In releasing the letter Delegate Sauerbrey said "Though some are saying that the President gave the domestic agenda short shrift, his proposal to turn over the management of Federal programs to the states is an important initiative. Congress has a tendency to fight any move to give states and localities any authority, though 1 hope in this case they recognize the wisdom of the President's proposal." For further information contact: Noel Card (202) 547-4646 #### THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON February 19, 1991 MEMORANDUM TO: FRANK HODSOLL Executive Associate Director and Chief Financial Officer, OMB FROM: MARY McCLURE we Special Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Affairs SUBJECT: SENATE BUDGET COMMITTEE HEARING Deb Anderson asked me last Friday to accumulate some quotes from state legislators for use in testimony to be given by William Diefenderfer at tomorrow's Senate Budget Committee hearing regarding the $15 billion block grant turnover proposal. Accordingly, I have obtained the following remarks: Representative Lee Daniels (R-IL), Minority Leader -- "You may say whatever would be helpful to you and attribute it to me. I totally endorse the concept without reservation. I've suggested we do a similar thing here in Illinois for local government. In fact, Governor Edgar in his State of the State message referred to the President's proposal and said we should do the same and get rid of existing state mandates. If we can give local governments similar flexibility with state programs, the concept will work for them too." " Senator Samuel Nunez (D-LA), Senate President -- "It's an idea that NCSL has always supported. We believe the President is right on in helping out state and local governments in this way. It's one (an idea) we should take advantage of to its fullest potential. It comes at a time when revenues are particularly needed by state and local governments, and it will be of tremendous assistance." Rep. Senator Paul Schauer (R-CO), Majority Leader former Speaker Pro Tem He faxed a statement to Donna Rivelli and I am currently waiting for Donna to fax it to me to give to you. SENT BY:OFF MOT & BUDGET : 2-19-91 : 5:45PM 2023955835- 2027752710 a FED-19-91 MON 14149 State Representative SPEAKER PRO TEM PAUL D BOHAUER Chairman 7855 8. Jackson Coun Finance Committee Littleton, Colorado 20122 COLORADO Home 770-3872 Business: 744-5536 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Capital: 866-2936 STATE CAPITOL DENVER February 18, 1991 80203 The Monorable Tiru Wirth 350 Russell senate Building Washington, D.C. 20510 Dear senator Wirth: The purpose of this letter is to express my, and & number of my colleagues, support for the President's proposal to provide states with a fifteen to twenty billion dollar consolidated grant to fund a number of programs. It is my understanding that the list of particular grant programs to be included has not been finalized, and of course support of the final proposal will depend on the comprisal of the grants. It is also my understanding that on Wednesday the Senate Budget Committee will be holding discussions on the President's proposal. It is my hope that this will be the beginning of the discussion and not an attempt to destroy the cooperative effort. As one looks to the future, this effort could ultimately lead to ongoing discussions on how to most efficiently provide our constituents with the necessary services. I look forward to working with you on this proposal. As a member of the National Conference of State Legislature's Executive committee, H want to apprise you of the fact that NCSL is currently developing a response to the President's proposal, unfortunately, it will not be ready until after the March 9th Executive Committee Meeting. I hope you will support the efforts of the President, and include state legislatures in the process. Looking forward to your correspondence. Sincerely, Paul D. Schauer PDS/jr CC: Frank Hodsoll, Executive Associate Director, OMB Marv McClure, ACIR 7.2/2 CITY of MODESTO Carol G. Whiteside, Mayor: 801 11th Street, P. O. Box 642, Modesto, CA 95353 (209) 577-5230 [TDD (209) 526-9211 Hearing and Speech Impaired only) February 19, 1991 The President The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20500 Dear President Bush: This is one of the most challenging years faced by this country in its history. Notwithstanding the crisis in the Persian Gulf, there are other issues here at home which must be addressed. In light of the very real deficit crisis facing us, I believe we must look at new ways of getting limited funds to the people they are intended to serve. While I join with the mayors who insist that Community Development Block Grant funds must continue to be directly dispersed to cities and towns across this country, I also believe that the people of one nation's cities will best be served by a full and open discussion of programs which might better be allocated through the states. Unnecessary mandates, federal rules and requirements have long been the bone of our existence. Tenaciously clinging to the status quo will only give us what we had yesterday. In a changing world, yesterday's formula is not good enough. I would welcome any process which allowed the cities and counties, mayors and supervisors to sit down with state legislators, governors, and Congress to explore new realities. Our shared commitment to do the best we can for the people we represent requires that we deal openly and honestly with the issues that confront us. Divisive power, partisian politics of the past are no longer the solution. Thank you for your leadership. Regardless of the outcome of this political debate, the issues must be aired and the structure must be evaluated. Through this process of debate and discussion, I believe, will eventually come the public policy solutions we all seek. Sincerely, Carol G. Whiteside Mayor CGW:jr CC: Governor John Sununu, President's Chief of Staff Debra Anderson, Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of Intergovernmental Affairs William Affairs Canary, Special Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Citv Pride - Citywide OF ATTDISON CITY Morris Wooden 416 WEST STRE # 1 MAYOR MADISON INDIANA 477% (812) 265 8300 City of Madison OFFICE OF THE MAYOR February 6, 1991 President George Bush White House Washington, D.C. 20510 Dear President Bush: I have been a supporter of yours since before the presidency of Ronald Reagan. I am exceptionally happy with the direction that you have led our nation. In your State of the Union address, I feel that you are moving toward de-centralization of the federal government relative to social needs. Being a product of the 60's I understand the good hearted intentions of letting big government take care of the poor and underprivileged. However, as Mayor, I have seen millions of dollars of waste in Jefferson County, Indiana (30,000 population) in housing, employment and training and other programs. The federal bureaucracy has become cancerous and non-productive. Your program to replace the authori of the federal bureaucracy with state bureaucracies needs to move one step further. The monies need to be directed to each county and city of a significant size within that county. The federal government should determine the uses for these monies but allow each of the local units of government to establish the program to satisfy its needs. It is the local elected official's office that is the closest to the people. We are the ones that receive the calls at night because of hungry children and the visi tions to our office of the unemployed. We are also easily replace. during an election if the needs of our people aren't met. Big government has done a very poor job in replacing the private busin... and charity sectors in our society. Local government needs the flexibilitity to work with these entities, backed by whatever fed funds are available, in order to satisfy the basic needs of our community. I am a 42 year old conservative Republican Mayor, elected in a nor- Democratic city. I have owned my own business and have an M.B.A. Page two February 6, 1991 strong points are determining goals and needs, and developing and implementing programs to achieve those goals or satisfy those needs. I am also an excellent negotiator and coordinator. I would like to be very instrumental with the plans to return the authority and responsibility of social needs back to local government. Good luck in the remainder of your first term in office. You can count on my support for a second term. Sincerely, Mornis Wooden Morris Wooden Mayor City of Madison MW/11 P.S. We have organized a parade February 9th at 12:00 noon in support of our military in the Middle East. CC: U.S. Senator Richard G. Lugar U.S. Senator Dan Coats City of North Charleston SOUTH CAROLINA OFFICE OF THE MAYOR JOHN L. BOURNE, JR Mayor February 19, 1991 The Honorable George Bush President of the United States The White House Washington, DC 20500 Dear President Bush: I an aware of the concerns expressed by local government representatives about returning control of key urban aid programs to the state level. It has been frustrating to see very few of the Federal anti-drug dollars make it to the cities at all. The City of North Charleston is an antitlement City under the CDBG program, and I certainly would not like to see anything happen to affect this very important City program, My City has used virtually all of the funds available to it over the years in the poorest areas of our City and has made meaningful improvements. I would certainly hope that nothing happens to interfere with the City's entitlement portion of CDBG funds. I want to express my support for exploring all of the various options available in fair and open discussions with local, State and Federal representatives. I very much appreciate your including our local government officials in previous discussions as well as future discussions. Sincerely, Jane Band John E. Boxtue, Mayor JEBjr/smr CC: Governor John Sununu Debra Anderson Bill Canary Bob Isaace Bill Althaus Tom Cochran Post Office Box 10100 . North Charleston, S.C. 28411 Telephone (803) 554-5700 Fax (803) 745.1085 1,1111, COUNCIL MEMBERS BOISE OFFICE OF THE MAYOR MIKE WETHERELL DON BRENNAN CITY OF TREES COUNCIL PRESIDENT DIRK A. KEMPTHORNE H. BRENT COLES MAYOR SARA BAKER KARMEN LARSON COUNCIL PRO-TEM JAY L. WEBB February 19, 1991 The President The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue N.W. Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear President Bush: As the United States Senate prepares to take up the issue of transferring $15 billion in federal programs to the states for more direct administration, I believe it is critical to include a frank discussion of this proposal with U.S. Mayors, because that is where these programs are being administered with success. In Idaho, particularly in the capital city of Boise, we have enjoyed a strong working partnership between the Federal government and local municipalities, particularily in the Community Development Block Grant program. It is crucial that we not damage programs that are working, and in my opinion, working well. However, I am willing to keep an open mind and not commit myself to any outcome until all sides of this issue are debated, and I will certainly encourage my fellow Mayors to do the same. As co-chair of the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Community Development Task Force, I am committed. to the well-being of the Block Grant Program and other federal-local partnerships, and to the extent that I may be of assistance to you, I am willing to serve. Please contact me if I can assist you in any way in this important issue. Sincerely Jangth Dirk Kempthorne Mayor DK/bw CC: John Sununu, Chief of Staff to the President Debra Anderson, Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Intergovernmental Affairs William Canary, Special Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Affairs 8 For this is a fact: Strength in the pursuit of peace is no vice; and isolationism in the pursuit of security is no virtue. Now to our troubles at home. They are not all economic, but the primary problem is our economy. There are some good signs: Inflation, that thief, is down; and interest rates are down. But unemployment is too high, some industries are in trouble, and growth is not what it should be. Let me tell you right from the start and right from the heart: I know we're in hard times, but I know something else: This will not stand. We can bring the same unity, courage and sense of common purpose to the economy that we brought to Desert Storm. And we can defeat hard times together. I believe you will help. One reason is that you're patriots, and you want the best for your country. And I believe that in your hearts you want to put partisanship aside and get the job done -- because it's the right thing to do. The power of America rests in a stirring but simple idea: That people will do great things if you only set them free. Well, we're going to set the economy free, for if this age of miracles and wonders has taught us anything it's that If we can change the world, we can change America. We must encourage investment. We must make it more possible for people to invest money and time and create new products, new industries, new jobs. We must clear away the obstacles to growth 9 -- high taxes, high regulation, red tape, and yes, government deficits. None of this will happen with a snap of the fingers -- but it will happen. And the test of a plan isn't whether it's called new or dazzling. The American people aren't impressed by gimmicks; they're smarter on this score than all of us in this room. The only test of a plan is: Is it sound and will it work? We must have a short term plan to address our immediate needs -- and heat up the economy. And we need a long term plan to keep the combustion going, and to guarantee our place in the global economy of the future. There are certain things that a President can do without Congress -- And I am going to do them. I have this evening instructed every cabinet department and federal agency to institute a 90 day freeze on any new federal regulations that could hinder growth. In those 90 days all departments and agencies will carry out a crash review on all regulations, old and new -- to stop the ones that will hurt growth, and speed up those that will help growth. Further, for the untold number of hard working, responsible American workers and businessmen and -women who've been forced to go without needed bank loans: The banking credit crunch must end. I won't neglect my responsibility for sound regulations that serve the public good, but regulatory overkill must be stopped. I have instructed our government regulators to stop it. 10 I have directed every cabinet department, and every federal agency, to speed up pro-growth expenditures as quickly as possible. This should put an extra 10 billion dollars into the economy in the next 6 months. And our new transportation bill will put 151 billion dollars in six years into construction and maintenance projects that are vital to our growth and well being. That means jobs building roads, bridges, and mass transit. I have this evening directed the Secretary of the Treasury to change the federal tax withholding tables. With this change, millions of Americans from whom the government withholds more than necessary can now choose to have the government withhold less from their paychecks. Something tells me a number of taxpayers may take us up on this. This initiative could return about $25 billion back into our economy over the next 12 months - - money people can use to help pay for clothing, college, or to get a new car. Finally, working with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, we will continue to support monetary policy that keeps both interest rates and inflation down. These are the things I can do. And now, members of the Congress, let me tell you what you can do for your country. You you must pass the other elements of my plan to meet our immediate economic needs. Everyone knows that investment spurs recovery. I am proposing this evening a change in the alternative minimum tax, and the creation of a new 15% investment tax 11 allowance. This will encourage businesses to accelerate investment and bring people back to work. Real estate has led our economy out of almost every recession we've ever had. Once building starts, carpenters and plumbers work and people buy homes and take out mortgages. My plan would encourage real estate construction by extending tax incentives for mortgage revenue bonds and low income housing. And it would modify the Passive Loss Rule for active real estate investors. For those Americans who dream of buying a first home, but who can't quite afford it, my plan would allow first time home buyers to withdraw savings from IRA's without penalty -- and provide a $5,000 tax credit for the first purchase of any home. And finally, my short term plan calls on Congress to give crucial help to people who own a home, to everyone who has a business, or a farm, or a single investment -- including a pension plan. This time, at this hour, I can't take No for an answer: You must cut the capital gains tax on the people of our country. Never has an issue been more demagogued by its opponents. But the demagogues are wrong -- and they know it. (70%) of the people who benefit from lower capital gains have incomes under $50,000. A cut in the capital gains tax helps just about everyone in our country. And so, I'm asking you to cut their capital gains tax to a maximum of 15.4 percent. 12 The opponents of this measure -- and those who've authored various so called soak-the-rich bills that are floating around this chamber --- should be reminded of something: When they aim at the big guy they usually wind up hitting the little guy. And maybe it's time that stopped. This then is my short term plan. Your part, members of Congress, requires enactment of eight common sense proposals that will have a strong effect on the economy -- without breaking the budget agreement and without raising taxes. While my plan is being passed and kicking in, we've got to care for those in trouble today. I have provided up to 4.4 billion dollars in my budget to extend federal unemployment benefits. I ask for Congressional action right away. And let's be frank: I know, and you know, that my plan is unveiled in a political season. I know, and you know, that everything I propose will be viewed by some in merely partisan terms. But I ask you to know what is in my heart: My aim is to increase our nation's good. I am doing what I think is right; I am proposing what I know will help. I pride myself that I am a prudent man. I believe that patience is a virtue, but I understand that politics is, for some, a game -- and that sometimes the game is to stop all progress and then decry the lack of improvement. But let me tell you: far more important than my political future -- and far more important than yours -- is the well being 13 of our country. Members of this Chamber are practical people, and I know you won't resent some practical advice: When people put their party's fortunes before the public good, they court defeat not only for their country, but for themselves. And they will certainly deserve it. I submit my plan tomorrow. I am asking you to pass it intact by March 20 15th. And I ask the American people to let you know they want this action by March 15th. 20 From the day after that, if it must be: the battle is joined. And you know, when principle is at stake I relish a good fair fight. We are going to lift this nation out of hard times inch by inch and day by day, and those who would stop us had best step aside. Because I look at hard times and I make this vow: This will not stand. I said my plan has two parts, and it does. And it is the second part that is the heart of the matter. For it's not enough to get an immediate burst -- we need long term improvement in our economic position. We all know that the key to our economic future is to ensure that America continues as the economic leader of the world. We have that in our power. Here, then, is my long term plan to guarantee our future. First, trade: We will work to break down the walls that stop world trade. We will work to open markets everywhere. 14 In our major trade negotiations I will continue pushing to eliminate damaging tariffs and subsidies -- especially in cricial agriculture. We will protect the intellectual property rights of inventors and innovators -- to prevent others from stealing the to truchas ideas and technologies we've worked so hard to create. We'll get more good American jobs within our own hemisphere through the North American Free Trade Agreement, and through the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative. But changes in old ways are here, and more are coming. The workplace of the future will demand more highly skilled workers than ever -- more people who are computer literate, and highly educated. We were the world's leader in education once -- and we've got to be the world's leader in education again. We must revolutionize America's schools. Second My America 2000 education strategy will let every parent in our country choose their children's schools. This is key, for you yourd choice means competition, and competition means improvement, innovation and creativity. Thirty states across the nation have established America 2000 programs. Hundreds of cities and towns have joined in. And now Congress must join this great movement: Pass my proposals for New American Schools, for more independent choice for parents and excellence for children. That was my second long term proposal. This is my third: 15 We must make common sense investments that will help us compete, long term, in the marketplace. We must encourage research and development. My plan is to make the R and D tax credit permanent, and to provide record levels of support -- 76 billion dollars this year alone -- for people who will explore the promise and potential of emerging technologies. Fourth, we must do something about crime, and drugs. It is time for a major, renewed investment in fighting violent street crime. It saps our strength; it hurts our faith in each other, in our society, and in our future. Surely a tired woman on her way to work at 6 in the morning on a subway deserves the right to get there safely. Surely it's true that everyone who changes their life because of crime -- from those afraid to go out at night to those afraid to walk in the parks they pay for -- surely these people have been denied a basic civil right. It is time to restore it. Congress, pass my comprehensive crime bill. It is tough on criminals, supportive of police, and kind to victims. And it has been languishing in these hollowed halls for a year now. Pass it. Help your country. And support my comprehensive drug proposals. Fifth, I ask you tonight to act on our HOPE housing proposal -- and to pass my Enterprise Zone legislation, which will get businesses into the inner city. We must empower the poor with 16 the pride that comes from owning a home, getting a job, becoming a part of things. And I ask tonight for record expenditures for the program that helps children born into want move on into excellence: Head Start. Step six -- we must reform our health care system. For this too bears on whether or not we can compete in the world. American health costs have been exploding. This year we will spend over 800 billion dollars on health -- 800 billion dollars. And that's expected to grow to 1.6 trillion by the end of the decade. We simply cannot afford this. The cost of health care shows up not only in your family budget, but in the price of everything we buy and everything we sell. When health coverage for a fellow on an assembly line costs thousands of dollars, the cost goes into the products he makes -- and you pay the bill. Worse, health care not only costs too much, it excludes too many. It's a little like the old complaint about the bad restaurant: The food's awful -- and the portions are so small! We must make a choice. Some pretend we can have it both ways. They call it Play or Pay -- but that expensive approach is unstable. It will mean higher taxes, and eventually, a system under complete government control. Really, there are only two options: We can move toward a nationalized system -- which will deny patient choice in picking 17 a doctor and force the government to ration services arbitrarily. And what we'll get is patients in long lines, indifferent service, and a huge new tax burden. Or we can reform our own private health care system -- which still gives us, for all its flaws, the best quality health care in the world. Let's build on our strengths. My plan will provide insurance security for all Americans -- while preserving and increasing the idea of choice. We will make basic health insurance affordable for all low income people not now covered. We will do it by providing a health insurance tax credit of up to $3,750 for each low income family. The middle class will get new help too. And, by reforming the health insurance market, my plan would assure that Americans will have access to basic health insurance even if they change jobs or develop serious health problems. We must bring costs under control, preserve quality, preserve choice, and reduce the people's nagging daily worry about health insurance. My plan, which I announce in detail on February 6th, will do just that. Seventh, we must get the federal deficit under control. Congress and I worked out a controversial budget agreement in 1990. For me, the key part of that agreement was its budget discipline -- enforceable spending caps, and an insistence that we pay for the programs we create. 18 There are those who would ease that discipline now. But I can't let them do it -- and I won't. My plan would freeze all domestic discretionary budget authority -- which means 'No more next year than this year.' I will not tinker with social security, but I would put real caps on the growth of uncontrolled spending. I would also freeze federal domestic government employment. With the help of Congress, my plan will get rid of 246 programs that don't deserve federal funding. Some of them have noble titles, but none of them is indispensable. We can get rid of each and every one of them. You know, it's time we rediscovered a 'home truth' the American people have never forgotten: This government is too big and spends too much. I call upon Congress to adopt a measure that will help put an end to the annual ritual of filling the budget with pork- barrel appropriations. Every year, the press has a field day making fun of outrageous examples -- a Lawrence Welk museum, a study of bovine methane emissions. We all know how these things get into the budget. Maybe you need someone to help you say No. I know how to say it. And you know what I need to make it stick. Give me the same thing 43 Governors have: The line item veto. I'll be happy to take the heat -- and save the taxpayers' money. We must put an end to unfinanced federal government mandates. These are the requirements Congress puts on our 19 cities, counties and states -- without supplying the money. If Congress passes a mandate, it should be forced to pay for it, and to balance the cost with savings elsewhere. After all, a mandate just increases someone else's burden -- and that means higher taxes at the state and local level. Finally, step eight of my long-term plan: We must strengthen the family -- because ultimately the family has the greatest bearing on our future. When Barbara holds an AIDS baby in her arms, and reads to children, she's saying to every person in this country 'Family matters.' * I am announcing tonight a new Commission on America's Urban Families, to be chaired by Gov. You know, I had some mayors from the League of Cities in the other day, and they told me something striking. They said that every one of them, Republicans and Democrats, agreed on one thing: That the major cause of the problems of the cities is the dissolution of the family. They asked for this Commission, and they were right to ask, because it's time to take another look at what we can do to keep families together, strong and sound. There's one thing we can do right away: ease the burden of rearing a child. I ask you tonight to raise the personal exemption by $500 per child for every family. For a family with four kids, that's an increase of 2,000 dollars. This is a good start, in the right direction, and it's what we can afford. 20 It's time to allow families to deduct the interest they pay on student loans. I am asking you to do just that. And I'm asking you to allow people to use money from their IRA's to pay medical and education expenses -- all without penalties. And I'm asking for more. Ask American parents what they dislike about how things are in our country and chances are that pretty quickly they'll say: welfare. Americans are the most generous people on earth. But we have to go back to the insight of Franklin Roosevelt who, when he spoke of what became the welfare program, warned that it must not become 'a narcotic' and a 'subtle destroyer' of spirit. Welfare was never meant to be a lifestyle; it was never meant to be a habit; it was never supposed to be passed from generation to generation like a family legacy. It's time to replace the assumptions of the welfare state, and help reform the welfare system. States throughout the country are beginning to operate with new assumptions: That when able-bodied adults receive government assistance, they have responsibilities to the tax payers. A responsibility to seek work, education, or job training -- a responsibility to get their lives in order -- a responsibility to hold their families together and refrain from having children out of wedlock -- and a responsibility to obey the law. We are going to help this movement. Often, state reform requires waiving certain federal regulations. I will act to make RALPH WALDO EMERSON, lecture ("Fortune of the Republic") at Old South Church in Boston, 30 March 1878: The legislature, to which every good farmer goes once on trial, is a superior academy. "MR. DOOLEY" (Finley Peter Dunne) : Every now and then, an innocent man gets sent to the Legislature. in State the Sen. CARL PARKER (D-Port Arthur) quoted Dallas Times-Herald of 15 March , 1979: piece My first of session here I promised to read to read legislation. My second session, I every committee every piece of legislation referred vowed a to read everything on which I I introduce. served. But now I just try to 170 McNally/Dooley February 22, 1991 Draft One (B:ALEC-91) PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AMERICAN LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE COUNCIL ROOM 450, O.E.O.B. 10:45 FRIDAY, MAR. 1, 1991, 2:00 A.M. Thank you. And welcome back to the White House. It's good x to see Ellen Sauerbrey/[ALEC CH.] and Sam Brunelli [ALEC EXEC. R-Md. DIR.] again. And I'm glad to see our very talented Defense Secretary, Dick Cheney, and so many others who are contributing Fred Noye, first-rate leadership to our Administration -- to the Allied incoming pres. Coalition in the Gulf -- and to the finest armed forces ever Ron R. Scheberle Pa. assembled -- the fighting men and women of the U.S.A! III Corp.Head I understand that you've already heard from Deb Anderson -- hair, ALEC one of your own, former Speaker of the House in South Dakota -- private sector and proof if ever there was of Finley Peter Dunne's rule: "Every grp. now and then, an innocent [person] gets sent to the Legislature." I know you've also heard from our very able Attorney General, Dick Thornburgh, and that Governor Sununu will be coming by in just a few moments. It's got me a bit nervous. Some of you may remember that, last year, I arrived a little early, and Governor Sununu ended up getting cut off. III John's got a good memory. I keep expecting him to walk in and say: "Time's up!" Like so many of the other fine members of our team, John Sununu, Dick Thornburgh, and Deb Anderson -- have something in common with each of the talented men and women here in this room. As Sam Rayburn put it -- each one knows firsthand what it's like to "run for sheriff." The presence of these veterans of state politics is impor- 2 tant, because they serve as constant reminders of the philosophi- cal underpinnings of our Administration. And I want to take this opportunity to renew my commitment not only to federalism, but also to the principle that the states are indeed "laboratories of democracy" -- forging ahead at the cutting edge of the world's greatest experiment in freedom and diversity. It is, of course, a continuing experiment. From parental choice in child care and education to tenant ownership of public housing, from Enterprise Zones to create jobs to Drug-Free Zones to "Take Back The Streets," state and local governments are finding new approaches to solving old problems. And looking not just at America's problems -- but also America's possibilities. Just a little over a month ago, I stood before the Congress of the United States and reported on the State of the Union. I called it a "defining hour" for our Nation -- and spoke of the promise of a "renewed America." And I issued a call not merely for new government initiatives -- but for new initiative in government. And, as has been true throughout our history, the wellspring of these new initiatives is likely to be the 50 dynamic state laboratories that you represent. I've often said that State legislators are some of America's most practical and resourceful leaders. Close to America's roots. Close to America's people. Close to America's concerns. That is why my State of the Union Address included a bold new proposal to select at least $15 billion in federal programs and turn them over to the states in a single consolidated grant 3 -- fully funded -- for hands-on management by the states. And I want to thank Ellen and Sam who sent me a letter two days later telling us of your strong endorsement and enthusiastic support for our proposal. Over the past month, we've worked with you, the Governors, and others in state and local government to select the programs for "turnover." We are committed to funding these programs for the next five years. And we are committed to moving power and decision-making closer to the people. Because at the bottom line, our idea of federalism comes down to four simple words: More flexibility. Fewer mandates. Governor Sununu will be talking about this in more detail later. But I did want to come by to thank you for your support, and for all you're doing to make this initiative a success. I also want to thank you for your tremendous support for our men and women serving overseas. And I particularly want to single out those actually serving in the Gulf or in support of Desert Storm -- ALEC members like Louisiana's Hunt Downer, Nevada's Jim Gibbons, Colorado's Mike Coffman, and Connecticut's Rep. Chris Burnham -- a Marine Captain who took his third oath of office while on station in Saudi Arabia. They are "citizen- legislators" -- today doing double duty as "citizen-soldiers." And ladies and gentlemen -- they are America at its best. III Thank you all for doing "the hard work of freedom." Godspeed you in the challenges ahead. And God bless America -- and all the troops today serving freedom in the Gulf. # # # war -$15 lanning mzg 780- 3466 Deb And Mary Mcllure Richard Haass Watkins p.m Sec Thornburgh Lujan (2) Cheney Interior (priv.) POTUS Gor Sununu Manyland Del. Ellen Sauerbrey Exec Dir Sam Brunelli Bob Bennett 547-4646 163 Clith Alderman Aldosman $106.00 Sting Services of Mead Data Central PAGE 13 LEVEL 1 - 13 OF 14 STORIES Copyright (c) 1983 Time Inc. All Rights Reserved; Time November 14, 1983, U.S. Edition SECTION: COVER; J.F.K.; Pg. 58 LENGTH: 5245 words HEADLINE: After 20 years, the question: How good a President? BYLINE: By Lance Morrow. Reported by Hays Gorey/Washington and John F. Stacks/New York, with other bureaus BODY: ... after Vice President Johnson talked wonderingly of all of the brilliant characters Kennedy had brought into the White House, House Speaker Sam Rayburn remarked to him, "Well, Lyndon, they may be just as intelligent as you say. But I'd feel a helluva lot better if just one of them had ever run for sheriff. = Kennedy's team of White House men, according to Historian Joan Hoff-Wilson, began the pattern in which Congress and the federal ... LEXIS® ® NEXIS® ® LEXIS® ® NEXIS ® pedgu FUG TW MUICH suq FUE - - KEWUEQA,2 169# ot MHIF6 HOMES WEW' co HISTOLISM 7090 HOLL-MIJ200' 1.9 1667 S USJIMAS TOP It ]mar ONE at FNEW W99 6A6L LMU LOL # LEWSLKED FO NIW" MSII' глидон FUSA wg> ps Inaf 92 92 Лоп 29A BMF K6UU6QA H90 plondyf TUFO ENG МИТСБ нопгь* HON26 2069K6L 29 # квлрпьы 9tf66 AICE of BIJ of FW6 PLITTISNI BODA: YOLK' MICH OFNEL 0046982 BATIME: B^ ГУНСЬ WOLLOM REDOLTED ph H9A2 sug L' HEVDEIME: VETEL so A6912' FW6 dmsation: HOM doog S геиетн: 2522 MOLQZ 2ECTION: СОЛЕВ: TERM 68- 28 ИОЛЕШРЕТ 11 1883' n'2' EQICIOU 11#6 CODALIDUE (C) 1883 TIME INC VII kidure ГЕЛЕГ I - 13 OE 19 210KIE2 bVeE J3 NOVEMBER 14 1983 $1.75 The The Purjoy Indina and How Good HITE HOUSE LIBRARY RESEARCH CENTER President Was He? 46 0 10090 724404 NOVEMBER 14, 1983 Vol. 122 No. 21 INVIL THE WEEKLY NEWSMAGAZINE ry looked at James Monroe and his hemispheric doctrine; Abra- A Letter from the Publisher ham Lincoln was portrayed in 1963 as the epitome of individualism; and the legacy of Franklin Roosevelt was traced J ournalists are fond of the saying that they write the first draft last year. Only three religious leaders have been reassayed: St. of history. But on some 20 occasions in the past four decades, Paul (1960), the Buddha (1964) and Martin Luther in 1967 and TIME'S editors have determined that a historically significant again last month in international editions. (Jesus Christ and the individual merited a journalistic "second draft" to assess his Virgin Mary are our most frequent historical cover figures, but contributions and character in light of HUGH PATRICK BROWN they have not been specifically the sub- contemporary events, opinions and ME TIME jects of the accompanying stories.) Karl scholarship. In this week's cover story, 20 Marx was reassessed in 1948, Vladimir years after John F. Kennedy's death in Lenin in 1964 and their ideological oppo- Dallas, Senior Writer Lance Morrow sites Adam Smith, in 1975, and John tries to distinguish between the 35th Maynard Keynes, in 1965. In the arts, President's accomplishments and the en- William Shakespeare (1960) and Johann during myths. Observes Morrow: "The Sebastian Bach (1968) have been so past inhabits us and defines us-and of- treated; in science, Sigmund Freud ten haunts us. We need to go back to it, to (1956) and Albert Einstein (1979). sift it, in order to know who we are and Washington Contributing Editor how we became what we are." Morrow's Hugh Sidey, whose column "The Presi- re-examination is enhanced by photo- dency" accompanies the cover story, is graphs from Kennedy's presidency, some Senior Writer Morrow with earlier J.F.K. covers particularly partial to such endeavors. of them never before published. The "More than ever," he says, "we need to work of former White House Photographer Jacques Lowe, they pause and reflect on other times, other troubles and the people form part of his new book, Kennedy: A Time Remembered, to be who tried to cope with them. Journalism can help by inserting published this month by Quartet/Visual Arts. these reflections from other years into the rushing current of Kennedy joins a small pantheon of U.S. Presidents who contemporary affairs." have come under retrospective scrutiny on TIME'S cover. George Washington, appropriately, was the first, in 1953. Theo- dore Roosevelt was saluted on his centenary in 1958; a 1962 sto- John a. mayers Index Cover: Illustration Gottfried Helnwein 58 48 18 Cover: John Kenne- World: Another Grenada: With the dy's assassination bloody bombing rocks fighting over, U.S. started the mythmak- Lebanon, as the coun- troops begin to return ing, and the real his- try's feuding faction home, and the State tory of his White leaders meet in Gene- Department releases a House years is diffi- va. A new President treasure trove of cap- cult to assess. How and a new era for Ar- tured documents. Cu- good a President was gentina. A little ba's Castro assesses he? Was his term too power sharing in the damage, while short for comparison? South Africa. A kill- Reagan wins public Is he mostly a myth? er quake in Turkey. approval. See NATION. 12 43 70 82 92 94 American Scene Nation Press Economy & Business Art Sport If you're looking for An updated vision of After days of waiting TIME's economists see Long in the shadow The Sarajevo Winter something offbeat and nuclear apocalypse. impatiently, reporters growth for the Pacific of Jackson Pollock, Olympic Games low budget to decorate Jesse will run. and photographers nations. A strike his widow Lee strike their own com- your home, try the Los Donovan's name get into Grenada- halts Greyhound. Krasner emerges tri- mercial deal, but Alamos, N. Mex., sal- gets dropped. De- and find that the The 707 jets into umphant in a Hous- where's the snow? vage yard. troit indictments. fighting is over. history. ton show. 6 Letters 96 98 102 107 109 81 People Environment Cinema Books Law Sexes 110 Milestones In an unusual display Eric Roberts, as a Shame, by Salman The cases of a de- Female students of candor, the Soviet pimpish Svengali, and Rushdie, is a tren- formed infant and a and teachers at Har- Union discloses the Mariel Hemingway, chant Third World cerebral palsy victim vard are still subject- details of a calamitous as an ill-fated center- tragicomedy. The raise the right of the ed to sexual harass- chemical spill in the fold, enliven Bob Spiritualists calls up handicapped to live- ment, says a new Dniester River. Fosse's Star 80. Victorian ghosts. and die. study. TIME (ISSN 0040-781X) is published weekly at the subscription price of $45 per year, by Time Inc., 3435 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90010. Principal office: Rockefeller Center, New York, N.Y. 10020. J. Richard Munro, President; Thayer Bigelow, Treasurer; Charles B. Bear, Secretary. Second class postage paid at Los Angeles, CA, and at additional mailing offices. Vol. 122 No. 21 © 1983 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. TIME and the Red Border Design are protected through trademark registration in the United States and in the foreign countries where TIME magazine circulates. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to TIME, Time & Life Building, 541 N. Fairbanks Court, Chicago, III. 60611. 3 "Civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to " negotiate. With President Charles de Gaulle at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Paris during a trip in 1961 To a nation reading it from the far side of the Viet Nam War, the Kennedy's team of White House men, according to Histori most alarming passage was the one in which Kennedy promised an Joan Hoff-Wilson, began the pattern in which Congress an to "pay any price to assure the survival of liberty." The the federal bureaucracies became adversaries of the Whit revisionists have always seen that line as a précis of the mental- House rather than partners. "That kind of privatization and cer ity that brought on the war. But both Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. tralization of power in and around the White House clearly be and Theodore Sorensen reject the notion that the Inaugural gins with Kennedy," says Hoff-Wilson. For men who put such speech was a prelude to cowboy interventionism. "It was," says premium on brains and information, the elite around Kenned Schlesinger, "in part an overreaction to a speech two weeks ear- sometimes seemed either exceptionally naive (about the Bay ( lier by Khrushchev that was read in Washington as being very Pigs, for example) or ignorant (about Vietnamese history an truculent." Sorensen, who drafted the text, insists, "The speech culture). Some of the same men stayed on with Johnson, and pr isn't as bellicose as the revisionists have made it. It was really a sided over the escalation of what became in some ways the na call to negotiation. But he knew you didn't get there with just ap- tion's hardest war. peals to the other side's good will." The Bay of Pigs fiasco, however, came early. Kennedy ha One of the central dramas of the brief Kennedy Administra- inherited the plan from the Eisenhower Administration, whic tion was his passage from a sometimes indiscriminate anti-Com- according to Arkansas Senator J. William Fulbright, had a munist hard line to a deepening awareness of the real dangers of ready sunk $40 million into the training of a band of Cuban e nuclear war. It did not help Kennedy in this passage that he as- iles who were supposed to sweep ashore in Cuba, join forces wi sembled a staff of war-hawk anti-Communist intellectuals the grateful, disenchanted islanders and dislodge Fidel Casti (McGeorge Bundy, Walt Rostow and Robert McNamara, for Kennedy was skeptical of the idea, but allowed himself to example) who were brilliantly nimble and self-confident and of- talked into it by men who seemed so sure of what they we ten disastrously wrong about what counted most. They could be doing. The mission, of course, was an utter disaster, and overbearing men, and curiously disconnected from the realities taught Kennedy several important lessons. One was that truc of American life. Once, after Vice President Johnson talked lently self-confident experts, such as generals and CIA men, C wonderingly of all the brilliant characters Kennedy had brought be ludicrously wrong. After the Bay of Pigs, according to his sp into the White House, House Speaker Sam Rayburn remarked cial counsel, Theodore Sorensen, Kennedy came to mistrust m to him, "Well, Lyndon, they may be just as intelligent as you say. itary solutions. But I'd feel a helluva lot better if just one of them had ever run for The botched invasion also revealed an attractive trait sheriff." Kennedy: an openness and candor, and a freedom from th 64 TIME, NOVEMBER 14 FEB 27 '91 10:41 FROM 0000000000 PAGE. 001 FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL HEADER SHEET 01 FEB *18:50 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR PUBLIC AFFAIRS NUMBER TO: PEOOY DOOLEY OF PAGES (INCLUDING HEADER) NAME: OFFICE: 1 PHONE: FROM: OREO MARTIN CLASSIFICATION (IE.CLOSE HOLD. FOUO, NAME: PRIORITY, ROUTINE, ETC.) OFFICE: PHONE: FAX:(703) 695-1149 OR AV 225-1149 IF ALL PAGES NOT RECEIVED OR ARE ILLEGIBLE, PLEASE CALL (703) 697-5007 OR AUTOVON 227-5007 RELEASER COMMENTS: FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL HEADER SHEET FEB 27 '91 10:42 FROM 0000000000 PAGE 002 Richard B. Cheney Secretary of Defense Richard B. Cheney was nominated by President Bush to be Secretary of Defense on March 10, 1989, was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 17, 1989, and took the oath of office on March 21, 1989. Mr. Cheney was born January 30, 1941, in Lincoln, Nebraska, and moved to Casper, Wyoming, at a young age with his parents, Richard H. and Marjorie Cheney. He attended elementary schools in Casper, graduated in 1959 from Natrona County High School, and earned B.A. and M.A. degrees in political science from the University of Wyoming in 1965 and 1966. He was a Ph.D. candidate in political science at the University of Wisconsin in 1968. Mr. Cheney began his public service in 1965, when he served as an intern in the Wyoming State Legislature in Cheyenne. In 1966 he was selected by the National Center for Education in Politics to intern on the staff of Warren Knowles, then Governor of Wisconsin. In 1968, the American Political Science Association selected him for its Joseph E. Davies Congressional Fel- lowship, which he served as an assistant to the late Congressman William A. Steiger, R-Wisconsin. In May 1969, following the fellowship, Mr. Cheney began several years of federal service under Presidents Nixon and Ford. From May 1969 to December 1970, he was Special Assistant to the Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity From December 1970 to September 1971, he served as Deputy to Donald Rumsfeld, the White House Presidential Counsellor. And from September 1971 to March 1973, he was Assistant Director for Operations of the Cost of Living Council- In March 1973, Mr. Cheney left government service to become Vice President of Bradley, Woods and Company, Inc., an investment advisory firm. In August 1974, when Gerald R. Ford assumed the presidency, Mr. Cheney served on the Ford transition team and, beginning in September, as a Deputy Assistant to the President. In November 1975, he was named Assistant to the President and White House Chief of Staff, a position he held through the remainder of the Ford Administration, until January 1977. In 1976, Mr. Cheney was named by the U.S. Jaycees as one of the ten outstanding young men in America. He returned to his home state of Wyoming in May 1977 to resume private life. Mr. Cheney was elected to Congress in November 1978. He was re-elected in 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, and 1988. For the 1981-82 Congress, he was chosen by his Republican colleagues to serve as Chairman of the House Republican Policy Committee, becoming one of the few members ever elected to a leadership position after only one term in office. He was re-elected to the Policy Committee Chairmanship for the 98th, 99th, and 100th Congresses. In June 1987, he was unanimously elected Chairman of the House Republican Conference, which functions as the party's caucus and provides the information to its members on pending legislation. The Conference Chairman is the third-ranking House GOP leader. In December, 1988, he was unanimously elected House Republican Whip for the 101st Congress, the second-ranking Republi- can leadership position. The whip is responsible for polling Republican members on pending legislation, keeping them informed of the agenda on the House floor, and acting as Republican leader whenever the House minority leader is absent. Mr. Cheney was 2 member of the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, where he served on two subcommittees - National Parks and Public Land, and Water and Power Resources. He was also a member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, serving as ranking Republican on its Subcommittee on Program and Budget Authorization. He was ranking Republican on the 15-member House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Deals with Iran. Mr. Chency married Lynne Vincent of Casper on August 29, 1964. They have two daughters-Elizabeth, born July 28, 1966, and Mary, born March 14, 1969. Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1990 Japan has moved to address our concerns in I have directed Ambassador Hills immedi- what we ought to the Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) ately to brief the Congress on the reasons delighted you're h and in bilateral negotiations involving su- for my decision today. I want to thank percomputers, satellites, and wood prod- came out and han ucts. The interim SII report made a promis- me of the support ing start toward reducing structural barriers which I've already that contribute to bilateral trade imbal- Remarks at a White House Briefing for of education. I wa ances. who's soon to beco I am not under any illusion that the SII the American Legislative Exchange Ellen Sauerbrey. interim report will lead to an immediate Council Sam Brunelli, Ror improvement in the trade balance with April 27, 1990 other familiar fac Japan or an end to bilateral trade disputes. benches and all ac When two nations like the United States The President. Such enthusiasm for You know, befo and Japan share dynamic economies, a com- Sununu finishing-it's wonderful. [Laugh- here, let me just mitment to excellence, and strong trading ter] Look, I'm just delighted to be back with is important to AI traditions, some commercial differences are this most distinguished group. and that is the inevitable. Nevertheless, I believe that Let me say, having interrupted our Chief census. Today Ce Prime Minister Kaifu and the Japanese po- of Staff, how fortunate I am to have some- beginning to visit litical leadership share my commitment to one as Chief of Staff here in the White census forms ha ensuring that trade strengthens rather than House who did-as Sam Rayburn often mammoth under undermines the friendship between our na- talked about-did run for sheriff. Remem- take this opportu tions. ber what Rayburn said? He said: "Well, that can who has not Accordingly, I look forward to substantial guy's trouble. He never ran," he said, to do so, to stand progress with Japan in the final SII report "never ran for sheriff." And what he really in July and on a variety of other trade Now, it's great meant is didn't have a feel for the people. issues. I will work closely with the Congress leaders from the And John not only ran successfully for Gov- to implement the U.S. side of the SII, par- belong to ALEC, ernor of his great State but he understands ticularly in the areas of savings, education, Exchange Counci and keeps reminding me of the philosophi- As State leaders, and budgetary reform. cal underpinnings of our administration: de- I have directed our U.S. negotiators to from the busines: centralization and federalism, which I want seek agreement with their Japanese coun- ing every day wh to mention to you today about. And so, I am terparts on a joint mechanism to monitor ginning: that the the implementation of SII in both nations very, very pleased that he was over here, people is truly and consider the need for further actions. and I have great confidence in him and in people. We've se This mechanism should include regular re- Roger Porter, as well, who's up here, who ism vindicated ov handles so many of our-have you already ports on actions and results. In the sixties- Because last year's Super 301 investiga- unloaded on these guys? vailing belief W: tions on India remain unresolved, I have Mr. Porter. No, I'm following. quired big gove continued the identification of India as a The President. Following? [Laughter] course, this coun trade liberalization priority. I have decided And Roger has respect on the Hill that problems-privat not to identify any new priority countries or really is unparalleled in terms of the job together, afflicte practices under Super 301. that he fills and in previous administrations. pockets were oft Let there be no mistake. This administra- And so, I'm very, very lucky. ing. tion is committed to free and fair trade. We I also have another person over here that Take the War want open markets and fair treatment for ran for sheriff. She was the speaker-as ample. This was our products, services, investment, and many of you know-of her legislature. And the Federal Gov ideas. We will move forward in the Uru- that brings another dimension to this out- and followed or guay round and, as appropriate, under sec- reach that we're trying to do, because we soon learned wh tion 301 to remove foreign barriers to learn from the input we get from people lacked an unders American goods. I am also directing Ambas- coming in here. The danger is isolation. lacked flexibility, sador Hills to expand her semiannual report And I know some think I'm a little frenetic programs that W on section 301 to review both the status of in my activities, but when you get out, even a very hard les existing section 301 investigations and relat- if it's just driving as we did to a food bank a Democrat or Re ed initiatives in important markets such as couple of days ago, you get a feel for what's aisle, across the Japan. on people's minds and what works and degree, back the 662 Administration of George Bush, 1990 / Apr. 27 r Hills immedi- on the reasons what we ought to try to do better. So, I'm ferences. But we learned, and good inten- delighted you're here in that spirit. tions can go astray. And if the Federal Gov- I want to thank Frank Messersmith, who ernment neglects State and local govern- came out and handed me a letter and told ment, it's bound to. me of the support that you all are giving us, which I've already heard about, in the field So, let me say it plain and simple: I am a Briefing for of education. I want to congratulate Ellen, believer in the Jeffersonian tradition. I be- Exchange who's soon to become your new president- lieve that innovation springs from these 50 Ellen Sauerbrey. And it's also good to see laboratories of democracy. And I believe in Sam Brunelli, Ron Scheberle, and so many the inherent wisdom and leadership of the States. other familiar faces out there in the back nthusiasm for benches and all across this room. Federalism must be a dynamic partner- erful. [Laugh- You know, before I get into the substance ship if we're to end that age-old affliction of o be back with here, let me just talk about something that mankind: poverty-poverty of knowledge is important to America and to every State, and skills, poverty of opportunity, poverty pted our Chief and that is the completion of this U.S. of hope. We're going to need such a part- to have some- census. Today Census Bureau workers are nership if we're to meet new missions to in the White beginning to visit all addresses from which keep expanding opportunity in this field Rayburn often census forms have not been received, a that we were just talking about-improving eriff. Remem- mammoth undertaking. I simply want to education, to implement a national trans- tid: "Well, that take this opportunity to urge every Ameri- portation strategy, and to fight the scourge an," he said, can who has not returned the census form of illegal drug use. what he really to do so, to stand up and be counted. Our partnership must begin with an accu- or the people. Now, it's great to be back among so many rate account of the depth and scope of our sfully for Gov- leaders from the States, those of you who needs that can only begin with the U.S. le understands belong to ALEC, the American Legislative census, a project that needs your involve- the philosophi- Exchange Council, more than 2,300 strong. ment. Again, at this moment these census inistration: de- As State leaders, in alliance with leaders workers are beginning to visit all addresses which I want from the business community, you're prov- from which they haven't come back in. And :. And so, I am ing every day what I mentioned at the be- we really need to get moving on this, be- vas over here, ginning: that the government closest to the cause census data will help you make im- in him and in people is truly the government of the portant decisions for the States. And it up here, who people. We've seen the wisdom of federal- really fits into this theme of decentraliza- e you already ism vindicated over and over again. tion, part of the decentralization of govern- In the sixties-just think back-the pre- ment, of putting our trust where it belongs: to vailing belief was that big problems re- with the people. ? [Laughter] quired big government solutions. And of the Hill that course, this country did face very real, big So, it's not enough to seek a dynamic ns of the job problems-private heartaches that, taken partnership between Washington and Iministrations. together, afflicted all of America. But our Austin, Atlanta, and Sacramento. We must pockets were often deeper than our think- turn to our families, our schools, our small ing. businesses; and we must often seek the over here that e speaker-as Take the War on Poverty as a prime ex- achievement of public goals through private ample. This was a unilateral war in which means and individual action, individual gislature. And n to this out- the Federal Government sought no allies empowerment. Our partnership must in- and followed only one strategy. And we clude everyone if we're to fulfill our , because we from people soon learned what the strategy lacked: It agenda-an agenda that is progrowth, pro- r is isolation. lacked an understanding of the problems, it family, and profreedom. We need this part- little frenetic lacked flexibility, and often it simply lacked nership to keep America growing. And programs that worked. And so, we learned that's why Congress must pass a cut in the get out, even a very hard lesson. And this wasn't just capital gains tax this year. a food bank a eel for what's Democrat or Republican; it was across the For America to be competitive, we need t works and aisle, across the board, across-to some to invest money in productive uses, gener- degree, back then-even philosophical dif- ating new jobs, generating opportunities for 663 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1990 all. We also need the partnership I referred in devising a set of tough, realistic recom- Remarks at the P to a second ago to keep America moving, to mendations that complements and expands for the President implement a national transportation strate- our National Drug Strategy, our national Awards gy for the 21st century. You understand effort. that leadership must begin with those clos- April 27, 1990 And finally, Americans must be free from est to our transportation problems: the fear. When honest working people are Welcome, every States. And you understand that the States afraid to go to the corner grocery store or Well, welcome all deserve a greater say in how our transporta- to walk home from the bus at night, then with you. And I W: tion dollars are spent. fear of crime has stolen our most precious I'm told that Se And so, I'm asking you to help others possession-our liberty. And it is to protect going to be here- understand that our transportation strategy this freedom and the freedom to safely walk But in any event, is, indeed, the road to the future. And as the streets that we offered up a good crime are here. Is Gover you often stress, we also need to protect the package. I sent this crime package last year is, way back there bedrock institution of American life: the hello to the for to the Hill. Congress has, to its credit, ap- family. We are not yet certain what kind of proved new prison space and more Federal Jersey, who I W: child-care legislation this Congress will pass. here-uncharacte: law enforcement officers. But too much But if Congress stamps out the power of the but nevertheless- work remains unfinished on the rest of this parents to choose family or church-affiliated the White House. child care, I will give that legislation a crime package, the portion that concerns The famous bi stamp of my own: I will give it the veto violent crime. And once again, I call on Paul Harvey, tell: stamp because I am not going to accept Congress to pass laws at least as tough as Vincent who liv highly centralized standards and standards the criminals we convict. And he was a ver that rule out participation of local churches Crime and illegal drug use, transporta- simple hut, dress or local family groups in solving this nation- tion, education-as we near the end of the made of sacking al problem. century, these challenges that confront our bodied the spirit We also want to bring these same princi- nation sometimes seem bigger than our knew that althoug ples of choice and flexibility to the way in ability to solve them. And they are if we sions, he still had which we educate our kids. I'll leave it to act only as partisan Democrats or partisan a mining disaster Roger Porter, who is perfectly capable-far Republicans, as parochial members of a jured, no one fo than Vincent did better than I, actually-to brief you on the region or a faction or an interest group. But cared for the inj education goals, on our education summit, by working together as Americans, I still clothe the needy all that we can do working together. But feel that we can lick any problem, no Van Gogh, today just let me say that as I work with the matter how big, how complex, or how masters, painted Governors to bring renewed excellence to deeply rooted it may be. That's why I value Though 100 year American education, I'm also looking for our partnership, our dynamic partnership, brush to canvas advice and support and, certainly, leader- and look forward to working with you in the value of serv ship. And when it comes to leadership, your the years ahead. I've often said federation is already supporting open en- rollment plans to give parents choice in se- Thank you for the tremendous support nition of a succe lecting their schools; alternative certifica- that you have given our administration, and ing others. The I tion to let the talented share their knowl- I hope that you will continue. We are grate- taking the lead i ful to you. Thanks for coming our way, and their trips arou edge; and finally, merit pay with account- ability for all. So, we're not just thinking God bless you all. grateful to all of with us today- along the same lines; we're working to achieve the same goals in education. Note: The President spoke at 10:59 a.m. in Lujan and Secr bacher-and if Your federation also calls itself-and I Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building. In his opening remarks, he re- spot you right think properly so-profreedom. What does vote of gratitud this mean? It means working at the Federal ferred to John H. Sununu, Chief of Staff to ing this message and State levels to develop ways to liberate the President; Roger B. Porter, Assistant to Today it's my people from dependency on government, the President for Economic and Domestic President's Volu not bind them to it, one generation after Policy; and Frank S. Messersmith, Sam of America's Th another. And it can only mean freedom Brunelli, and Ronald Scheberle, president, embody that de from drugs. I commend your Substance executive director, and chairman of the just tell you abc Abuse Task Force for doing an excellent job business sector of the council, respectively. we'll get on W 664 McNally/Dooley February 22, 1991 Draft One (B:ALEC-91) PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AMERICAN LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE COUNCIL ROOM 450, O.E.O.B. FRIDAY, MAR. 1, 1991, :00 .M. Thank you. And welcome back to the White House. It's good to see Ellen Sauerbrey [ALEC CH.] and Sam Brunelli [ALEC EXEC. DIR.] again. And I'm glad to see our very talented Defense Secretary, Dick Cheney, and so many others who are contributing first-rate leadership to our Administration -- to the Allied Coalition in the Gulf -- and to the finest armed forces ever assembled -- the fighting men and women of the U.S.A! III I understand that you've already heard from Deb Anderson -- one of your own, former Speaker of the House in South Dakota -- and proof if ever there was of Finley Peter Dunne's rule: "Every now and then, an innocent [person] gets sent to the Legislature." I know you've also heard from our very able Attorney General, Dick Thornburg, and that Governor Sununu will be coming by in just a few moments. It's got me a bit nervous. Some of you may remember that, last year, I arrived a little early, and Governor Sununu ended up getting cut off. III John's got a good memory. I keep expecting him to walk in and say: "Time's up!" Like many of the other fine members of our team, each of these four -- John Sununu, Dick Cheney, Dick Thornburg, and Deb Anderson -- has something in common with the talented men and women here in this room. As Sam Rayburn put it -- each one knows firsthand what it's like to "run for sheriff." The presence of these veterans of state politics is impor- 2 tant, because they serve as constant reminders of the philosophi- cal underpinnings of our Administration. And I want to take this opportunity to renew my commitment not only to federalism and to states' rights, but also to the states as "laboratories of democracy" -- forging ahead at the cutting edge of the world's greatest experiment in freedom and diversity. It is, of course, a continuing experiment. From parental choice in child care and education to tenant ownership of public housing, from Enterprise Zones to create jobs to Drug-Free Zones to "Take Back The Streets," state and local governments are finding new approaches to solving old problems. And looking not just at America's problems -- but also America's possibilities. Just a little over a month ago, I stood before the Congress of the United States and reported on the State of the Union. I called it a "defining hour" for our Nation -- and spoke of the promise of a "renewed America." And I issued a call not merely for new government initiatives -- but for new initiatives in government. And, as has been true throughout our history, the wellspring of these new initiatives is likely to be the 50 dynamic state laboratories that you represent. I've often said that State legislators are some of America's most practical and resourceful leaders. Close to America's roots. Close to America's people. Close to America's concerns. That is why my State of the Union Address included a bold new proposal to select at least $15 billion in federal programs and turn them over to the states in a single consolidated grant 3 -- fully funded -- for hands-on management by the states. And I want to thank Ellen and Sam, who sent me a letter two days later telling us of your strong endorsement and enthusiastic support for our proposal. Over the past month, we've worked with you, the Governors, and others in state and local government to select the programs for "turnover." We are committed to funding these programs for the next five years. And we are committed to moving power and decision-making closer to the people. Because at the bottom line, our idea of federalism comes down to four simple words: More flexibility. Fewer mandates. Governor Sununu will be talking about this in more detail later. But I did want to come by to thank you for your support, and for all you're doing to make this initiative a success. I also want to thank you for your tremendous support for our fighting men and women overseas. And I particularly want to single out those actually serving in the Gulf or in support of Desert Storm -- ALEC members like Louisiana's Hunt Downer, Nevada's Jim Gibbons, Colorado's Mike Coffman, and Connecticut's Rep. Chris Burnham -- a Marine Captain who took his third oath of office as while on station in Saudi Arabia. They are "citizen- legislators" -- today doing double duty as "citizen-soldiers." And ladies and gentlemen -- they are America at its best. Thank you for this opportunity. Godspeed you in the challenges ahead. And God bless America -- and all the troops today serving freedom in the Gulf. # # # Services of Mead Data Central PAGE 2 3RD DOCUMENT of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Public Papers of the Presidents Remarks at a White House Briefing for the American Legislative Exchange Council 26 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 662 April 27, 1990 lost you you LENGTH: 1724 words The President. Such enthusiasm for Sununu finishing - it's wonderful. [laughter]Look, I'm just delighted to be back with this most distinguished and this group. it Let me say, having interrupted our Chief of Staff, how fortunate I am to have someone as Chief of Staff here in the White House who did -- as Sam Rayburn often talked about -- did run for sheriff. Remember what Rayburn said? He said: "Well, that guy's trouble. He never ran," he said, "never ran for sheriff." And what he really meant is didn't have a feel for the people. And John not only ran successfully for Governor of his great State but he produc United into understands and keeps reminding me of the philosophical underpinnings of our administration: decentralization and federalism, which I want to mention to you today about. And 50, I am very, very pleased that he was over here, and I have great confidence in him and in Roger Porter, as well, who's up here, who handles so many of our -- have you already unloaded on these guys? Mr. Porter. No, I'm following. The President. Following? [Laughter]And Roger has respect on the Hill that really is unparalleled in terms of the job that he fills and in previous administrations. And so, I'm very, very lucky. I also have another person over here that ran for sheriff. She was the speaker ---------- as many of you know of her legislature. And that brings another dimension to this outreach that we're trying to do, because we learn from the input we get from people coming in here. The danger is isolation. And I know some think I'm a little frenetic in my activities, but when you get out, even if it's just driving as we did to a food bank a couple of days ago, you get a feel for what's on people's minds and what works and what we ought to try to do better. So, I'm delighted you're here in that spirit. I want to thank Frank Messersmith, who came out and handed me a letter and told me of the support that you all are giving us, which I've already heard about, in the field of education. I want to congratulate Ellen, who's soon to become your new president - Ellen Sauerbrey. And it's also good to see Sam Brunelli, Ron Scheberle, and so many other familiar faces out there in the back benches and all across this room. You know, becore I get into the substance here, let me just talk about something that is important to America and to every State, and that is the completion of this U.S. census. Today Census Bureau workers are beginning to visit all addresses from which census forms have not been received, a mammoth undertaking. I simply want to take this opportunity to urge every American who has not returned the census form to do so, to stand up and be counted. LEXIS® NEXIS® LEXIS® ® NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central PAGE 3 26 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 662 Now, it's great to be back among 50 many leaders from the States, those of you who belong to ALEC, the American Legislative Exchange Council, more than 2,300 strong. A5 State leaders, in alliance with leaders from the business community, you're proving every day what I mentioned at the beginning: that the government closest to the people is truly the government of the people. We've seen the wisdom of federalism vindicated over and over again. In the sixties -- just think back - the prevailing belief was that big problems required big government solutions. And of course, this country did face very real, big problems --- private heartaches that, taken together, afflicted all of America. But our pockets were often deeper than our thinking. Take the War on Poverty as a prime example. This was a unilateral war in which the Federal Government sought no allies and followed only one strategy. And we soon learned what the strategy lacked: It lacked an understanding of the problems, it lacked flexibility, and often it simply lacked programs that worked. And so, WE learned a very hard lesson. And this wasn't just Democrat or Republican; it was across the aisle, across the board, across -- to some degree, back then -- even philosophical differences. But we learned, and good intentions can go astray. And if the Federal Government neglects State and local government, it's bound to. So, let me say it plain and simple: I am a believer in the Jeffersonian tradition. I believe that innovation springs from these 50 laboratories of democracy. And I believe in the inherent wisdom and leadership of the States. Federalism must be a dynamic partnership if we're to end that age-old affliction of mankind: poverty -- poverty of knowledge and skills, poverty of opportunity, poverty of hope. We're going to need such a partnership if we're to meet new missions to keep expanding opportunity in this field that we were just talking about -- improving education, to implement a national transportation strategy, and to fight the scourge of illegal drug use. Our partnership must begin with an accurate account of the depth and scope of our needs that can only begin with the U.S. census, a project that needs your involvement. Again, at this moment these census workers are beginning to visit all addresses from which they haven't come back in. And we really need to get moving on this, because census data will help you make important decisions for the States. And it really fits into this theme of decentralization, part of the decentralization of government, of putting our trust where it belongs: with the people. So, it's not enough to seek a dynamic partnership between Washington and Austin, Atlanta, and Sacramento. We must turn to our families, our schools, our small businesses; and we must often seek the achievement of public goals through private means and individual action, individual empowerment. Our partnership must include everyone if we're to fulfill our agenda -- an agenda that is progrowth, profamily, and profreedom. We need this partnership to keep America growing. And that's why Congress must pass a cut in the capital gains tax this year. For America to be competitive, we need to invest money in productive uses, generating new jobs, generating opportunities for all. We also need the partnership I referred to a second ago to keep America moving, to implement a national transportation strategy for the 21st century. You understand that LEXIS® NEXIS® LEXIS® NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central PAGE 4 26 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 662 leadership must begin with those closest to our transportation problems: the States. And you understand that the States deserve a greater say in how our transportation dollars are spent. And so, I'm asking you to help others understand that our transportation strategy is, indeed, the road to the future. And as you often stress, we also need to protect the bedrock institution of American life: the family. We are not yet certain what kind of child-care legislation this Congress will pass. But if Congress stamps out the power of the parents to choose family or church-affiliated child care, I will give that legislation a stamp of my own: I will give it the veto stamp because I am not going to accept highly centralized standards and standards that rule out participation of local churches or local family groups in solving this national problem. We also want to bring these same principles of choice and flexibility to the way in which we educate our kids. I'll leave it to Roger Porter, who is perfectly capable -- far better than I, actually - to brief you on the education goals, on our education summit, all that we can do working together. But just let me say that as I work with the Governors to bring renewed excellence to American education, I'm also looking for advice and support and, certainly, leadership. And when it comes to leadership, your federation is already supporting open enrollment plans to give parents choice in selecting their schools; alternative certification to let the talented share their knowledge; and finally, merit pay with accountability for all. So, we're not just thinking along the same lines; we're working to achieve the same goals in education. Your federation also calls itself -- and I think properly so - profreedom. What does this mean? It means working at the Federal and State levels to develop ways to liberate people from dependency on government, not bind them to it, one generation after another. And it can only mean freedom from drugs. I commend your Substance Abuse Task Force for doing an execellent job in devising a set of tough, realistic recommendations that complements and expands our National Drug Strategy, our national effort. And finally, Americans must be free from fear. When honest working people are afraid to go the corner grocery store or to walk home from the bus at night, then fear of crime has stolen our most precious possession -- our liberty. And it is to protect this freedom and the freedom to safely walk the streets that we offered up a good crime package. I sent this crime package last year to the Hill. Congress has, to its credit, approved new prison space and more Federal law enforcement officers. But too much work remains unfinished on the rest of this crime package, the portion that concerns violent crime. And once again, I call on Congress to pass laws at least as tough as the criminals we convict. Crime and illegal drug use, transportation, education -- as we near the end of the century, these challenges that confront our nation sometimes seem bigger than our ability to solve them. And they are if we act only as partisan Democrats or partisan Republicans, as parochial members of a region or a faction or an interest group. But by working together as Americans, I still feel that we can lick any problem, no matter how big, how complex, or how deeply rooted it may be. That's why I value our partnership, our dynamic partnership, and look forward to working with you in the years ahead. LEXIS® NEXIS® LEXIS® NEXIS Services of Mead Data Central PAGE 5 26 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 662 Thank you for the tremendous support that you have given our administration, and I hope that you will continue. We are grateful to you. Thanks for coming our way, and God bless you all. Note: The President spoke at 10:59 a.m. in Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building. In his opening remarks, he referred to John H. Sununu, Chief of Staff to the President; Roger B. Porter, Assistant to the President for Economic and Domestic Policy; and Frank S. Messersmith, Sam Brunelli, and Ronald Scheberle, president, executive director, and chairman of the business sector of the council, respectively. LEXIS® ® NEXIS® ® LEXIS® ® NEXIS ® E FRESIDENT OFFICE OF THE OFFICE # E AND ENT USA OF R EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET 2/20/91 TO: Педду Dodey FROM: EXECUTIVE FRANK HODSOLL ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR branch attached are: Deefenderfer Lestionory Propored asheroft Hatement 0 Budget Handowt 0 Letter from Exchange, etal SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 2-26-91 :11:20AM ; 2024562397- 2024566218:# 1 THE WHITE HOUSE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT 35 91 FEB 26 FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET DATE: 2/26/91 TO: Peggy Speechwriting FROM: Robert 4. SAR. PHONE: 6797 COMMENTS: NUMBER OF PAGES, EXCLUDING COVER SHEET 2 SENT BY:Xerox elecopier 7020 ; 2-26-91 :11:20AM ; 2024562397- 2024566218;# 2 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN H. SUNUNU John Henry Sununu, 51, of Salem, New Hampshire, was commissioned Chief of Staff to the President of the United States on January 21, 1989. As Chief of Staff, Governor Sununu oversees the daily operations of the White House and its staff. After playing an influential role in President Bush's New Hampshire primary victory, Governor Sununu served as National Co- Chairman of the Bush/Quayle campaign. During the general election, the Governor became one of the most active surrogate speakers on the campaign trail and travelled extensively across the country. Governor Sununu became New Hampshire's 93rd Governor on January 6, 1983, and served three consecutive terms prior to joining the White House staff. Governor Sununu assumed office with a' background of nearly 20 years experience as an educator, engineer, small businessman and community leader. The Governor gained both regional and national recognition through his chairmanship of the Coalition of Northeastern Governors, the chairmanship of the Republican Governors' Association, and his election in 1987, to the chairmanship of the National Governors' Association. Within the National Governors' Association, Governor Sununu served as chairman of several committees. He was particularly active as chairman of the New Technology Education Task Force, which, two years ago, issued "Time for Results; The Governors' 1991 Report on Education". Also through his efforts, the NGA, and later the New Hampshire Legislature, endorsed innovative acid rain legislation. Governor Sununu is a member of the National Academy of Engineers' Committee on Public Engineering Policy and has served as a member of the President's Council on Environmental Quality Advisory Committee, the New England Regional Energy Advisory Council, the board of trustees of the Northeast Solar Energy Center, and as chairman of the board of directors of Consumer Alert. July 1990 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 2-26-91 :11:21AM ; 2024562397- 2024566218:# 3 The Governor attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology at both the graduate and undergraduate levels, and earned his Ph.D. there in 1966 in mechanical engineering. From 1968 to 1973, he was Associate Dean of the College of Engineering at Tufts University where he had been an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering since 1966. He was invited to join the Advisory Board of the Technology and Policy Program at MIT in August, 1984. From 1965 until his election as Governor, he served as President of JHS Engineering Company and Thermal Research Inc.; in addition, he helped found, and served as chief engineer for Astro Dynamics Inc. from 1960 to 1965. The Governor married the former Nancy Hayes in 1958. They have eight children. Extended Page 3.1 02/26/91 11:33 202 514 7976 PUBLIC AFFAIRS 001/003 U.S. Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs 91 FEB 26 A10: 36 Office of the Director Washington, D.C. 20530 The following 2 -page transmission is for the attention of Reggy Dooley - Please contact him/her immediately at . It is from of the Office of Public Affairs. Please contact Rose Larks if there is a problem in transmission. FTS 368-2007 or 202-514-2007. 02/26/91 11:33 202 514 7976 PUBLIC AFFAIRS 002/003 Office of the Attorney General untrady Washington. B.C. 20530 DICK THORNBURGH ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES Dick Thornburgh became the 76th Attorney General of the United States on August 12, 1988, following unanimous confirmation by the Senate. As Attorney General, Mr. Thornburgh serves as the nation's chief law enforcement officer and is in charge of executing the Administration's stepped-up initiatives against drug traffickers, organized crime and white collar criminals, as well as stronger enforcement of civil rights, anti-trust and environmental laws. During his tenure, he has taken the lead in international cooperative efforts to crack down on money laundering and drug trafficking activities of the illegal drug cartels. On behalf of the United States, he signed the UN Drug Convention in Vienna and successfully lobbied for U.S. Senate ratification. He also has established Securities Fraud Task Forces in eight cities, Savings and Loan investigative and prosecutive units in 27 cities and an Organized Crime Council to coordinate the federal fight against racketeering. Under his leadership, a 50 percent increase in the number of federal prosecutors is underway and a program to nearly double the number of federal prison cells has been launched. Prior to assuming his present office, Mr. Thornburgh served from 1987 to 1988 as Director of the Institute of Politics at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government and as a partner in the Pittsburgh law firm of Kirkpatrick & Lockhart. Mr. Thornburgh served two terms as Governor of Pennsylvania. He was elected in 1978, re-elected in 1982, and named by his fellow governors in a 1986 Newsweek poll as one of the nation's most effective big-state governors. Prior to becoming Governor, he served as United States Attorney for Western Pennsylvania (1969-1975), prosecuting a number of drug traffickers, major organized crime figures and corrupt public officials. Thereafter, he served (1975-1977) as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in charge of the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice during the administration of President Gerald Ford. He established the Public Integrity Section to spearhead the Justice Department's actions against corrupt public officials. In 1973, he received a Special Medallion Award from the Federal Drug Enforcement Administration for "significant personal efforts to help eliminate drug abuse," and in 1988 personally argued the government's successful drug-testing case before the United States Supreme Court. (MORE) 02/26/91 11:34 202 514 7976 PUBLIC AFFAIRS 003/003 While serving as Governor of Pennsylvania, Mr. Thornburgh restored integrity and efficiency to state government and fostered expansion and diversification of the economy by innovative economic development policies, reducing taxes and indebtedness and eliminating 15,000 unnecessary positions from the state bureaucracy. Pennsylvania's unemployment rate, among the ten highest in the nation when he was elected, had dropped to one of the ten lowest when he left office. His programs for welfare and education reform and for upgrading the state's transportation system were nationally acclaimed. He also carried out an unprecedented crackdown on crime, expanding the state police force, creating special units on drugs and organized crime, winning passage of laws imposing mandatory jail sentences for violent and repeat offenders, adopting tough new standards for commutations, reinstating use of the death penalty and undertaking the largest prison expansion in the state's history. During his years in office, Pennsylvania's serious crime rate dropped by more than 17 percent and consistently was the lowest of any large state. His programs to assist crime victims, including a Victim's Bill of Rights, and funding of rape crisis and domestic violence centers, earned Mr. Thornburgh the first national award ever given by the National Organization for Victim Assistance. In 1979, Mr. Thornburgh's calm and effective handling of the unprecedented Three Mile Island nuclear crisis was widely credited with having averted panic and injury. During the past twenty years, he has traveled extensively, meeting with leaders in Europe, the Middle East, the Soviet Union, Japan, China, Australia, Central and South America and Africa. A native of Pittsburgh, Mr. Thornburgh, 58, holds an engineering degree from Yale and a law degree from the University of Pittsburgh. He has been awarded honorary degrees by 26 other colleges and universities. Mr. Thornburgh is married to Ginny Judson Thornburgh, a former school teacher from New York, who is currently Director of the Religion and Disability Program, National Organization on Disability, based in Washington. The Thornburghs have four sons and four grandchildren. As parents of a son with mental retardation, Dick and Ginny Thornburgh have taken a special interest in the needs of persons with disabilities and, along with their son, Peter, were named "Family of the Year" by the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens in 1985. # # # # # 9/90 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT STATE UNITED OFFICE a OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503 o THE DIRECTOR FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE FEBRUARY 4, 1991 Attached are excerpts from the President's State of the Union Message and Budget concerning the proposed turn-over of selected programs to the States. SINGLE CONSOLIDATED GRANT FOR THE STATES The President's statement in the State of the Union Address (January 29,1991) : "The federal government too often treats government programs as if they are of Washington, by Washington, and for Washington. Once established, federal programs seem to become immortal. "It's time for a more dynamic program life cycle: Some programs should increase. Some should decrease. Some should be terminated. And some should be consolidated and turned over to the states. "My budget includes a list of programs for potential turnover totalling more than $20 billion. Working with Congress and the governors, I propose we select at least $15 billion in such programs and turn them over to the states in a single consolidated grant -- fully funded -- for flexible management by the states. "The value of this turnover approach is straightforward. It allows the federal government to reduce overhead. It allows states to manage more flexibly and more efficiently. It moves power and decision-making closer to the people. And it reinforces a theme of this administration: appreciation and encouragement of the innovative powers of 'States as Laboratories. The Director's Introduction to the Budget (February 4, 1991) : "Some programs should be consolidated and turned over to the States -- funded in more flexible form. Programs appropriate for such turnover may be selected from two broad categories: those whose purposes are judged by States to be of continuing value, but whose relative funding priority at the Federal level is declining; and those which seem, in any case, to be appropriate for flexible management by the States. "The President has established a target of $15 billion in program turnovers for the States. A list of possible turnover candidates totaling over $20 billion is at Table II-10. The actual selection of programs for turnover would have to be authorized by the Congress -- in consultation with the Administration and the Governors. (After the actual selection is determined, the current distribution of such programs by State would be calculated. The Administration would then propose to replace these programs with a single consolidated block grant to the States. The formula for this new block grant would approximate the same distribution to the individual States as they would receive under the present program structure -- seeking to assure that no State would be harmed by the move to a new, consolidated block grant.) "The American Federal system has within it an enormous power for innovation: the natural variation and experimentation among the States. For too long, this potential has been under-appreciated at the Federal level. Nonetheless, the reality is that some of the most interesting examples of innovation are being set by the States -- in areas ranging from educational choice, to enterprise zones, to health cost control, welfare reform, and transportation finance. "The Administration seeks to reenforce this natural power of the States -- and to help build upon it." Program candidates for potential turn-over (fully funded): See Table II-10 in the President's Budget for a list of programs that seem to be appropriate candidates for turn-over to the States. This list is provided to start the discussion with the Governors and the Congress. It is understood and expected that Governors and members of Congress may propose a different list. The Administration intends to be flexible in trying to develop a mutually agreeable set of programs for turn-over. The President's target of at least $15 billion of such programs seems a reasonable minimum, however. NOTE: The set of programs listed at Table II-10 is currently subject to 1,028 Federal Register pages of federal regulation, requiring an estimated 4.2 million hours of paperwork each year. 2 Part One-22 THE BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1992 Table II-10. POTENTIAL BLOCK GRANT PROGRAMS (In millions of dollars) Enacted Proposed Department/Programs 1991 1992 1993 1994 1996 1996 BA 0 BA o BA o BA O BA 0 BA o Education: Impact aid payments 781 815 620 695 620 651 620 624 620 620 620 620 Supplemental education oppor- tunity grants 520 404 347 498 347 352 347 347 347 347 347 347 Chapter 2 block grant 449 533 449 465 449 445 449 449 449 449 449 449 Public library services programs 143 155 35 115 35 71 35 35 35 35 35 35 Environmental Protection Agency: Construction grants 2,083 2,345 1,900 2,195 1,200 2,082 600 1,883 - 1,482 - 1,025 Health and Human Services: State welfare administrative ex- penses for Medicaid, AFDC, and Food Stamps 5,178 5,167 5,878 5,867 6,453 6,440 7,062 7,048 7,701 7,686 8,366 8,349 Social services block grant 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 Low-income home energy assist. ance program 1,610 1,669 1,025 991 875 796 625 552 475 393 375 287 Housing and Urban Development: Selected public and subsidized housing programs 5,512 3,185 4,789 3,805 4,837 4,484 4,897 4,685 4,961 5,036 5,026 4,968 Community development block grants 3,200 3,073 2,920 3,097 2,920 3,061 2,920 2,906 2,920 2,914 2,920 2,915 Justice: Byrne Memorial State and local law enforcement assistance program 490 342 490 421 490 475 490 481 490 484 490 491 Total 22,766 20,488 21,253 20,949 21,026 21,657 20,845 21,810 20,798 22,246 21,428 22,286 3