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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Backup Files Subseries: Chron Files, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13751 Folder ID Number: 13751-010 Folder Title: Air War College 4/13/91 [OA 6897] [2] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 26 21 3 4 Buse Ops 2:00 to right 300 yards Maxwell In the spring of 1910, Orville and Wilbur Wright turned the eyes of the world on the Kohn planta- tion just outside Montgomery. Orville Wright's first flight from a plantation just HISTORY outside Montgomery Aug. 27, 1910, marked the be- ginning of flying training, Maxwell Air Force Base and Air University. Described in a local paper as a great mechani- cal bird," the Wright biplane was housed in a han- which? gar located near the present-day base operations building. Since that time, the 192-foot runways used to launch the Wrights' pusher type biplane have grown to 7,000 feet and can accommodate almost any aircraft being used today. The single hangar used by the Wrights, five stu- dents and a mechanic, has grown into an impres- sive array of academic buildings, technical, residential, recreation and administrative facilities, making Maxwell one of the most modern Air Force bases in the world. One of the first major peacetime missions of the base was the mosaic mapping of most of the southeastern section of the United States. This was done by the 4th Photo Section, which also com- pleted the mosaic mapping of the "Tennessee Val- ley Project" - later named the Tennessee Valley Authority or TVA. During the TVA mapping project, this unit took the first aerial photos ever made at night. Construction of the first permanent buildings on the base was completed in May 1928. In June 1931, the first troops began moving the Air Corps Tactical School from Langley Field, Va., to Maxwell. By the end of August, 29, staff and faculty officers and 325 enlisted men had arrived to con- duct the first classes and start Maxwell on its career as an educational institution. The Air Corps Tactical School was temporarily dis- continued in 1940 because of events in Europe and the Far East. The facilities here were used by the Southeast Air Corps Training Center to train officers and pilots needed for expanding military re- quirements. During this period, an airport was acquired from the city and Gunter Air Force Base was established there have been important tenants occupying the for basic flying training. installation. In the 1950s, the Medical Service School Air University was established in 1946 and Max- was housed there. In 1957 the Montgomery Air well became the home of the Air Force's center for Defense Sector was activated at Gunter and then professional military education. Unique among the during the 1960s, Headquarters 14th Air Force was nation's major educational institutions, AU provides located at the base, along with the 32nd Air Divi- instruction for more than one-half million resident sion. These organizations have since been relocat- and nonresident students per year. ed or deactivated. With the outbreak of the Korean conflict in June Extension Course Institute was established at 1950, the Air Force decided to consolidate all its Gunter in May 1950 as one of Air University's special- educational activities at Maxwell and Gunter. As a ized schools. At first, enrollment in its nonresident result, the base became SO saturated with organi- classes was voluntary. But after the Air Force adopt- zations that in 1954, the construction of addition- ed a dual-channel on-the-job training program for al academic facilities on what is now Chennault its enlisted members, they were required to com- Circle was necessary, constituting the base's third plete at least one job-related ECI course along with major construction program. training they'd receive from their supervisors in order to fully qualify in their career fields. Gunter Standard Systems Center began as a supply and Gunter Air Force Base was activated as a basic fly- data automation team in Washington, D.C., in 1963. ing school Aug. 27, 1940. More than 12,000 Ameri- After designing what is now the standard base sup- can, British, French and Chinese pilots were trained ply system, it was expanded and consolidated with here during World War II. other design agencies and became the Air Force Since that time, in addition to some AU units, Data Systems Design Center. Its new charter encom- 6 Air force war College (205) 953-1110 Maxwell AFB april 13 Saturday (205) 953-2119,2426 (205) 953.2119, 2H2C Time: war college 953-2016 Attender Base PAO 2018 Event: Command commandant's Xo May. Wiley 205-953-7735 7288 Col. Stricklard Air war college -mostly AF but also all services * Gen,Horner 703 760 9012 Air war Svecesses graduates in gule returnes @ Colkge? \ # from 31 town goings. on for Desert Storm 7 returnces # of babics born wrap in helicopters Allied sontie Alliedair lost - 42 US-33 US 33 Allied KIA 58 US33 Australia (2) Brazil Canada Colombia Egypt France Germany Greece India Indonesia Israel (2) Italy Ivory Coast Japan Jordan Kenya ? Korea (2) Malaysia Mexico Morocco New Zealand Nigeria Pakistan Philippines Saudi Arabia (2) Singapore Spain Thailand Turkey (2) U.A.E. United Kingdom (2) Uruguay Venezuela Timm, Barbara and David MacDill AFB Florida, Clark AB in the turned to the Washington 000 Philippines, and Ramstein AB in West David:worked (the technolo Germany They enjoyed the European arena'and together heandBart travelopportunities and the close friend- involved with the-Attache Che ships madecoverseas In 1984 they re- International Affairs.communti Class of 1981 Bandar Bin Faisal Lieutenant Colonel Royal Saudi Air Force Lt Colonel Bandar Bin Faisal, Royal Saudi Air Force, is the son of Deputy Squadron Commander, 6th Squadron Khamis Mushait. the late King Faisal. He is 37 years old, single, engaged to be He had his Staff College Training in Bracknell, England and was married later this year. Bandar had his early schooling in Saudi posted after to OPS, HQ R.S.A.F., Riyadh. In 1978 he became Arabia until the age of fourteen. In 1957 he came to the USA for high school, the Hun School, Princeton, New Jersey, and then on to R.S.A.F. OPS Officer, Joint OPS Office of the Chief of Staff, three years of Pomona College, California. From there he went to Royal Saudi Military Forces. The Lt. Colonel enjoys varied types Britain to H.R.M. Air Force College, Cranwell, and later the of sports. He show and water skis, scuba dives, fences, plays tennis, rides horses, and he rides dune cycles. He is here for the AWC and Advanced Training Establishments in Britain. Bandar was an Air Defense Pilot for some time serving as OPS Officer and later as then going to courses of Base Commander, Defense Management, and Joint Strategic Intelligence. 3 can work with the community of nations to work for an end to the butchery -- but we cannot put our young men and women in the middle of Iraq's civil war. /// In the months and years ahead, Air University will help us determine and debate the lessons learned in the Gulf War. Yet, even now, there are several lessons that are clear. The Gulf War confirms one of the oldest military maxims. In the words of Napoleon: "the moral is to the material as ten is to one." // The history of war has always been a history of the new displacing the old -- from the sword to the gun, from the cavalry to the tank, from the Trojan horse of ancient myth to the stealth aircraft of today. But while the tools and technology change, the nature of war remains in many ways the same. Whether it's the horseman in the saddle or the pilot in the cockpit -- what the warrior brings to the battle is the will to fight. If his cause is just, his will can turn the war -- but if his will is weakened by a cause that is questionable, no technology is strong enough to save him. // In the Gulf War, America and its allies had more than superior weapons ---- we had the will to win. // The second lesson learned concerns doctrine and strategy. Just one week into the war, the allied air campaign had plunged Iraq's Armed Forces into a strategic death spiral. In DESERT STORM, we demonstrated the true strength of joint operations. Not the notion that each service must paricipate in equal part in McGroarty/Dooley April 9, 1991 2:00 pm [AIR] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AIR UNIVERSITY, MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA APRIL 13, 1990 9:00 AM General Boyd, distinguished guests. Friends -- and fellow airmen: // It is my great pleasure to look out across this sea of blue -- to meet this morning with the men and women of Air University. // The history of aviation has been shaped here since the early days of this century -- when the Wright brothers brought their strange new "mechanical bird" to Montgomery, housed in a hangar not far from where we now stand. From the first days of the Air Corps Tactical School, the strategy, tactics and operational concepts employed over the fields of Europe and the seas of the Pacific -- and most recently in the thousand hours of DESERT STORM -- have been shaped right here at Maxwell. // There's an old adage that we are forever condemned to "fight the last war." Here at Air University, nothing could be further from the truth. Here, history matters: Not the dry-as-dust study of what is old and antiquated -- this is applied history, inquiry guided by a special sense of urgency. The emphasis is on lessons learned -- and the ultimate test of learning these lessons is literally life and death. What you learn here, you put on the line. America's highest ranking POW in DESERT STORM - - Lt. Col. David Eberly -- is an alumnus of the War College{?} Resident class of '89. // Program 2 Here, history is informed by the human factor -- and it's personified by the man who leads you. General Boyd is a veteran of Vietnam -- 105 combat missions, before he was shot down on a 2515 mission over Hanoi. He spent almost seven years 2000{?} cruel days -- in captivity. Yet he emerged, brave and unbroken. He kept the faith -- to himself, and to his nation -- in a war in which this nation too often broke faith with its fighting men. / General Boyd knows first-hand what it means when we make the solemn pledge -- there will be "No more Vietnams. " /// Whenever American troops are engaged, we must go in with a clear objective -- one we can meet militarily. Whenever American troops are engaged, we must make certain the cause is right -- one the American public can support. Finally, whenever American troops are engaged, we must make the decision to achieve our objectives swiftly -- and with as little cost in lives as possible. The force we employ must be decisive -- and yet discriminate. // America and its allies enjoyed each of these crucial advantages in the Gulf War. Our forces -- our cause -- prevailed. Today, Kuwait is free. // But in Iraq, even now, the agony continues. As much as each fresh proof of the savagery of Saddam sickens us -- as much as we agonize over the miseries of the Kurds in the North and the Shiites in the South -- we cannot commit American troops to combat with no clear military aim. I think the American people understand implicitly that we can render humanitarian aid -- we 3 can work with the community of nations to work for an end to the butchery -- but we cannot put our young men and women in the middle of Iraq's civil war. /// In the months and years ahead, Air University will help us determine and debate the lessons learned in the Gulf War. Yet, even now, there are several lessons that are clear. The Gulf War confirms one of the oldest military maxims. In the words of Napoleon: "the moral is to the material as ten is to one. " // The history of war has always been a history of the new displacing the old -- from the sword to the gun, from the cavalry to the tank, from the Trojan horse of ancient myth to the stealth aircraft of today. But while the tools and technology change, the nature of war remains in many ways the same. Whether it's the horseman in the saddle or the pilot in the cockpit -- what the warrior brings to the battle is the will to fight. If his cause is just, his will can turn the war -- but if his will is weakened by a cause that is questionable, no technology is strong enough to save him. // In the Gulf War, America and its allies had more than superior weapons -- we had the will to win. // The second lesson learned concerns doctrine and strategy. Just one week into the war, the allied air campaign had plunged Iraq's Armed Forces into a strategic death spiral. In DESERT STORM, we demonstrated the true strength of joint operations. Not the notion that each service must paricipate in equal part in 4 every operation of every war -- but that we use the proper tool at the proper time. In DESERT STORM, the proper tool -- the decisive tool -- was airpower. // Consider the lightning speed of the ground war -- beyond blitzkrieg. All of us marvel that the ground war was won in only 100 hours. But we can't forget what made this possible. As a result of a comprehensive air campaign, allied ground forces had free range of movement -- and near-complete tactical surprise. I'm sure you've all heard about the sand-box model of the theater of operations found when allied forces took the Iraqi command center in Kuwait City. It remained just as the Iraqis had left it: with all Iraqi units pointed toward the sea, red arrows set up to show the allies' amphibious assault -- the assault that never came. Six weeks and 100,000 sorties had blinded the Iraqi command -- isolated its army in the field -- and cut it off from the intelligence it needed to survive. /// Here at Air University, it's your business to read the lessons of the past with an eye on the far horizon. That's why I've chosen to speak today about the new world taking shape around us -- about the prospects for a new world order now within our reach. // In one respect, the new world we seek is hardly new at all. It is at least as old as the hopes and dreams of 1919 and 1945 - - hopes and dreams dashed twice this century -- visions of a world in which order would form the backdrop for a widening circle of democracy -- for a growing commonwealth of freedom. 5 Today, for the third time this Century, the prospect of this new world draws us forward. // And yet, as I've said before, we have not entered an era of perpetual peace. As old threats recede, new threats emerge. Conflict and danger will be a constant. The quest for the new world order is in part a challenge to keep the dangers of disorder at bay. Those dangers are real. With the end of the Cold War, many enmities and ethnic rivalries frozen in time threaten to revive themselves and reignite. From the Baltics in the north to Yugoslavia in the south and across each of the Soviet Union's republics -- nations within nations struggle to achieve self- determination. // And quite apart from the easing of East-West enmities, renegade regimes pose new threats to peace. Saddam Hussein, unfortunately, is not the world's only international outlaw. By the year 2000, as many as 15 nations may have both weapons of mass destruction and the ballistic missiles to deliver them. Many of these regimes will be ruled by leaders more rash than rational -- less likely to be dissuaded from outlaw acts by theories of deterrence than by the clear and indisputable ability to frustrate their aggressive aims. // Finally, we must guard against healthy economic competition boiling over into open economic conflict. Many of our key security partners are our toughest economic competitors. We must 6 work with our allies to ensure that in working together to end the Cold War we have not made the world safe for trade wars. /// All of these challenges concern us. Each stands between us and the new world we seek. But none of these challenges is so grave that it cancels out this fundamental fact: Never before in history have the ideals of democracy and freedom -- America's ideals -- been more ascendant. Never before has the world looked more to the American example. Never before have so many millions drawn hope from the American idea. // The reason is simple: America is unlike any other nation in the world. Every American loves this land. Every one of us feels deeply our connections to community, to families, to our faiths. But what defines this nation -- what makes us American - - is not our ties to a piece of territory, or bonds of blood. What makes us American is our allegiance to an idea: that all people -- everywhere -- must be free. // That is why, in the deepest sense, the new world we seek is as old as this nation itself -- as deeply rooted in what we are as the promise implicit to all the world in the words of our Declaration of Independence. // We have not yet reached this new world. We do not know when we will. But we know that only in striving to reach this new world can America be true to all that is best in us. // May God bless this great nation -- the United States of America. # # # AIR UNIVERSITY, MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA APRIL 13, 1990 9:00 AM GENERAL BOYD. GENERAL McPEAK. SENATORS HEFLIN AND SHELBY. REPRESENTATIVE DICKINSON. MAYOR FOLMAR. BILL CABANISS. FRIENDS. IT IS MY GREAT PLEASURE TO LOOK OUT ACROSS THIS SEA OF BLUE -- TO MEET THIS MORNING WITH THE MEN AND WOMEN OF AIR UNIVERSITY. // THE HISTORY OF AVIATION HAS BEEN SHAPED HERE SINCE THE WRIGHT BROTHERS BROUGHT THEIR STRANGE NEW "MECHANICAL BIRD" TO MONTGOMERY, AND HOUSED IT IN A HANGAR NOT FAR FROM WHERE WE NOW STAND. THIS INSTITUTION, FROM ITS EARLY DAYS AS THE AIR CORPS TACTICAL SCHOOL, HAS DEFINED THE NATION'S AIR STRATEGY AND TACTICS THAT HAVE GUIDED OUR OPERATIONS OVER THE FIELDS OF EUROPE AND THE SEAS OF THE PACIFIC -- FROM THE FIRST WORLD WAR TO THE THOUSAND HOURS OF DESERT STORM. // - 2 - IT FALLS TO ALL OF YOU TO DERIVE THE LESSONS LEARNED FROM THIS WAR. DESERT STORM DEMONSTRATED THE TRUE STRENGTH OF JOINT OPERATIONS: NOT THE NOTION THAT EACH SERVICE MUST PARTICIPATE IN EQUAL PARTS IN EVERY OPERATION IN EVERY WAR -- BUT THAT WE USE THE PROPER TOOLS AT THE PROPER TIME. IN DESERT STORM, A CRITICAL TOOL WAS CERTAINLY AIRPOWER. / AND EVERY ONE OF YOU CAN TAKE GREAT PRIDE IN THAT FACT. // OUR TECHNOLOGY AND TRAINING ENSURED MINIMAL LOSSES -- AND OUR PRECISION SPARED THE LIVES OF INNOCENT CIVILIANS. BUT OUR VICTORY IN THE GULF ALSO SHOWED THAT TECHNOLOGY ALONE IS INSUFFICIENT. A WARRIOR'S HEART MUST BURN WITH THE WILL TO FIGHT. IF HE FIGHTS BUT DOES NOT BELIEVE -- NO TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD CAN SAVE HIM. // WE AND OUR ALLIES HAD MORE THAN SUPERIOR WEAPONS -- WE HAD THE WILL TO WIN. // - 3 - THIS WILL IS PERSONIFIED BY THE MAN WHO LEADS YOU. I KNOW THAT GENERAL BOYD OFTEN SPEAKS ABOUT WHAT HE CALLS THE "UNLIMITED LIABILITY" OF THE MILITARY PROFESSION. HE KNOWS, BECAUSE HE'S PUT IT ALL ON THE LINE. AS A VETERAN OF VIETNAM, HE FLEW 105 COMBAT MISSIONS -- BEFORE BEING SHOT DOWN OVER HANOI. HE SPENT ALMOST SEVEN YEARS -- 2500 CRUEL DAYS -- IN CAPTIVITY. YET HE EMERGED -- BRAVE, UNBROKEN. HE KEPT HIS FAITH -- TO HIMSELF, AND TO HIS NATION. // - 4 - AND JUST A WORD ABOUT GENERAL McPEAK. I REMEMBER EARLY ON A MEETING AT CAMP DAVID WITH GENERAL McPEAK, SECRETARY CHENEY, GENERAL POWELL, AND THE OTHER CHIEFS. IN A VERY LAID BACK WAY, BUT WITH TOTAL CONFIDENCE, HE TOLD ME EXACTLY WHAT HE FELT AIR POWER COULD DO. AFTER HE LEFT, I TURNED TO MY TRUSTED NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR, GENERAL SCOWCROFT, AND I SAID "BRENT, DOES THIS GUY REALLY NOW WHAT HE'S TALKING ABOUT?" BRENT SAID, "YES": // AND GENERAL McPEAK DID. TO BE DOUBLY SURE, I INVITED GENERAL McPEAK, SECRETARY CHENEY, AND GENERAL SCOWCROFT TO A QUIET LUNCH AT THE WHITE HOUSE. I ASKED TONY "ARE YOU AS CERTAIN NOW AS YOU WERE UP AT CAMP DAVID?" HE SAID "EVEN MORE SO." THE WAR STARTED JUST A FEW DAYS LATER. HISTORY WILL RECORD GENERAL McPEAK WAS 100% RIGHT. HERE AT AIR UNIVERSITY, IT'S YOUR BUSINESS TO READ THE LESSONS OF THE PAST WITH AN EYE ON THE FAR HORIZON. THAT'S WHY I'LL SPEAK TODAY ABOUT THE NEW WORLD TAKING SHAPE AROUND US -- ABOUT THE PROSPECTS FOR A NEW WORLD ORDER NOW WITHIN OUR REACH. - 5 - FOR MORE THAN FOUR DECADES, WE HAVE LIVED IN A WORLD DIVIDED -- EAST FROM WEST. A WORLD LOCKED IN A CONFLICT OF ARMS AND IDEAS CALLED THE COLD WAR. TWO SYSTEMS -- TWO SUPERPOWERS -- SEPARATED BY MISTRUST AND UNREMITTING HOSTILITY. FOR MORE THAN FOUR DECADES, AMERICA'S ENERGIES WERE FOCUSED ON CONTAINING THE THREAT TO THE FREE WORLD FROM THE FORCES OF COMMUNISM. THAT WAR IS OVER. EAST GERMANY HAS VANISHED FROM THE MAP. TODAY IN BERLIN, THE WALL THAT ONCE DIVIDED A CONTINENT AND A WORLD IN TWO HAS BEEN PULVERIZED, TURNED INTO SOUVENIRS. THE SECTIONS THAT REMAIN STANDING ARE BUT MUSEUM PIECES. THE WARSAW PACT PASSED INTO THE PAGES OF HISTORY LAST WEEK, NOT WITH A BANG BUT WITH A WHIMPER -- ITS DEMISE REPORTED IN A STORY ON PAGE A16 OF THE WASHINGTON POST. // - 6 - IN THE COMING WEEKS, I WILL BE TALKING IN SOME DETAIL ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF A NEW WORLD ORDER EMERGING AFTER THE COLD WAR. IN RECENT WEEKS, I HAVE BEEN FOCUSING NOT ONLY ON THE GULF, BUT ON FREER TRADE -- ON THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, THE URUGUAY ROUND OF TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, AND THE ESSENTIALITY OF MY OBTAINING FROM CONGRESS A RENEWAL OF FAST TRACK AUTHORITY TO ACHIEVE OUR GOALS. BUT TODAY, I WOULD LIKE TO DISCUSS ANOTHER ASPECT OF THAT ORDER, OUR RELATIONS WITH EUROPE AND THE SOVIET UNION. TWICE THIS CENTURY, A DREAM BORN ON THE BATTLEFIELDS OF EUROPE DIED AFTER THE SHOOTING STOPPED -- THE DREAM OF A WORLD IN WHICH MAJOR POWERS WORK TOGETHER TO ENSURE PEACE, AND SETTLE THEIR DISPUTES THROUGH COOPERATION, NOT CONFRONTATION. TODAY, A TRANSFORMED EUROPE STANDS CLOSER THAN EVER BEFORE TO ITS FREE AND DEMOCRATIC DESTINY. AT LONG LAST, EUROPE IS MOVING FORWARD AGAIN -- MOVING TOWARD A NEW WORLD OF HOPE. // - 7 - AT THE SAME TIME WE AND OUR EUROPEAN ALLIES HAVE MOVED BEYOND CONTAINMENT -- TO A POLICY OF ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT IN A WORLD NO LONGER DRIVEN BY COLD WAR TENSIONS AND ANIMOSITIES. // AS THE COLD WAR DREW TO AN END, WE SAW THE POSSIBILITIES OF A NEW ORDER IN WHICH NATIONS WORK TOGETHER TO PROMOTE PEACE AND PROSPERITY. I'M NOT TALKING HERE OF A BLUEPRINT THAT WILL GOVERN THE CONDUCT OF NATIONS -- OR SOME SUPRANATIONAL STRUCTURE OR INSTITUTION. THE NEW WORLD ORDER DOES NOT MEAN SURRENDERING OUR NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY OR FORFEITING OUR INTERESTS. - 8 - IT REALLY DESCRIBES A RESPONSIBILITY IMPOSED BY OUR SUCCESSES. IT REFERS TO NEW WAYS OF WORKING WITH OTHER NATIONS TO DETER AGGRESSION -- AND TO ACHIEVE STABILITY, PROSPERITY AND PEACE. IT SPRINGS FROM HOPES FOR A WORLD BASED ON A SHARED COMMITMENT, AMONG NATIONS LARGE AND SMALL, TO A SET OF PRINCIPLES THAT UNDERGIRD OUR RELATIONS: PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES, SOLIDARITY AGAINST AGGRESSION, REDUCED AND CONTROLLED ARSENALS, AND JUST TREATMENT OF ALL PEOPLES. /// THIS ORDER, THIS ABILITY TO WORK TOGETHER, GOT ITS FIRST REAL TEST IN THE GULF WAR. FOR THE FIRST TIME, A REGIONAL CONFLICT DID NOT SERVE AS A PROXY FOR A SUPERPOWER CONFRONTATION. FOR THE FIRST TIME, THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL -- FREE FROM THE CLASH OF COLD WAR IDEOLOGIES -- FUNCTIONED AS ITS DESIGNERS INTENDED -- A FORCE FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND COLLECTIVE SECURITY. - 9 - IN THE GULF, NATIONS FROM EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA, ASIA AND AFRICA AND THE ARAB WORLD JOINED TOGETHER TO STOP AGGRESSION AND SENT A SIGNAL TO WOULD-BE TYRANTS EVERYWHERE IN WORLD. BY JOINING FORCES TO DEFEND ONE SMALL NATION -- WE SHOWED THAT WE CAN WORK TOGETHER AGAINST AGGRESSORS, IN DEFENSE OF PRINCIPLE. WE ALSO RECOGNIZED THAT THE COLD WAR'S END DIDN'T DELIVER US INTO AN ERA OF PERPETUAL PEACE. AS OLD THREATS RECEDE, NEW THREATS EMERGE. THE QUEST FOR THE NEW WORLD ORDER IS IN PART A CHALLENGE TO KEEP THE DANGERS OF DISORDER AT BAY. TODAY, KUWAIT IS FREE. BUT TURMOIL IN THAT TORMENTED REGION OF THE WORLD CONTINUES. SADDAM'S CONTINUED SAVAGERY HAS PLACED HIS REGIME OUTSIDE THE INTERNATIONAL ORDER. WE WILL NOT INTERFERE IN IRAQ'S CIVIL WAR. THE IRAQI PEOPLE MUST DECIDE THEIR OWN POLITICAL FUTURE. // - 10 - -- (PAUSE) -- LOOKING OUT HERE AT YOU AND THINKING OF YOUR FAMILIES, LET ME COMMENT FURTHER -- WE SET OUT OUR OBJECTIVES. THESE OBJECTIVES, SANTIONED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW, HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED. I MADE VERY CLEAR THAT WHEN OUR OBJECTIVES WERE OBTAINED THAT OUT TROOPS WOULD BE COMING HOME. YES, WE WANT THE SUFFERING OF THE REFUGEES TO STOP AND IN KEEPING WITH OUR NATION'S COMPASSION AND CONCERN WE ARE MASSIVELY HELPING. BUT, YES I WANT OUR TROOPS OUT OF IRAQ AND BACK HOME AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. INTERNAL CONFLICTS HAVE BEEN RAGING IN IRAQ FOR MANY YEARS. WE ARE HELPING OUT AND WILL CONTINUE TO HELP THE REFUGEES. BUT, I DO NOT WANT ONE SINGLE SOLDIER OR AIRMAN SHOVED INTO A CIVIL WAR IN IRAQ. - 11 - THE COALITION'S HISTORIC EFFORT DESTROYED SADDAM'S ABILITY TO UNDERTAKE AGGRESSION AGAINST ANY NEIGHBOR. BUT NOW, THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WILL FURTHER GUARANTEE THAT SADDAM'S ABILITY TO THREATEN HIS NEIGHBORS IS COMPLETELY ELIMINATED BY DESTROYING IRAQ'S WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. AS I JUST MENTIONED, WE WILL CONTINUE TO HELP THE IRAQI REFUGEES -- THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF VICTIMS OF SADDAM'S BRUTALITY -- RECEIVE FOOD, SHELTER AND SAFETY, AND THE OPPORTUNITY TO RETURN UNHARMED TO THEIR HOMES. WE WILL NOT TOLERATE ANY INTERFERENCE IN THIS MASSIVE INTERNATIONAL RELIEF EFFORT. IRAQ CAN RETURN TO THE COMMUNITY OF NATIONS ONLY WHEN ITS LEADERS ABANDON THE BRUTALITY AND REPRESSION THAT IS DESTROYING THEIR COUNTRY. WITH SADDAM IN POWER, IRAQ WILL REMAIN A "PARIAH" NATION. ITS PEOPLE DENIED MORAL CONTACTS WITH MOST OF THE OUTSIDE WORLD. // - 12 - WE MUST BUILD ON THE SUCCESSES OF DESERT STORM TO GIVE NEW SHAPE AND MOMENTUM TO THIS NEW WORLD ORDER, TO USE FORCE WISELY AND EXTEND THE HAND OF COMPASSION WHEREVER WE CAN. TODAY, WE WELCOME EUROPE'S WILLINGNESS TO SHOULDER A LARGE SHARE OF THIS RESPONSIBILITY. THIS NEW SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY ON THE PART OF OUR EUROPEAN ALLIES IS MOST EVIDENT -- AND MOST CRITICAL -- IN EUROPE'S EASTERN HALF. THE NATIONS OF EASTERN EUROPE -- FOR SO LONG THE "OTHER EUROPE" -- MUST TAKE THEIR PLACE ALONGSIDE THEIR NEIGHBORS TO THE WEST. JUST AS WE HAVE OVERCOME EUROPE'S POLITICAL DIVISION -- WE MUST HELP THE EAST CROSS OVER FROM POVERTY INTO PROSPERITY. - 13 - THE UNITED STATES WILL DO ITS PART -- AS WE HAVE IN REDUCING POLAND'S OFFICIAL DEBT BURDEN TO THE U.S. BY 70%, AND INCREASING OUR ASSISTANCE THIS YEAR TO EASTERN EUROPE BY 50%. BUT THE KEY TO HELPING THESE NEW DEMOCRACIES DEVELOP IS TRADE AND INVESTMENT. THE NEW ENTREPRENEURS OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA, POLAND AND HUNGARY AREN'T LOOKING TO GOVERNMENT -- THEIR OWN OR OTHERS -- TO SHOWER THEM WITH RICHES. THEY'RE LOOKING FOR NEW OPPORTUNITIES -- NEW FREEDOM FOR THE PRODUCTIVE GENIUS STRANGLED BY FORTY YEARS OF STATE CONTROL. YESTERDAY MY ESTEEMED FRIEND, PRESIDENT HAVEL OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA, CALLED TO REQUEST ADVISE AND HELP FROM THE WEST. CZECHOSLOVAKIA WANTS TO BE DEMOCRATIC AND WILL BE. ITS ECONOMY MOVING FROM A FAILED SOCIALIST MODEL TO A MARKET ECONOMY. WE, ALL, MUST HELP. ITS NOT EASY TO CONVERT STATE OWNED AND OPERATED WEAPONS PLANTS INTO MARKET DRIVEN PLANTS TO PRODUCE CONSUMER GOODS; BUT THESE NEW DEMOCRACIES CAN DO JUST THAT WITH THE PROPER ADVICE AND HELP FROM THE WEST. IT IS IN OUR OWN INTEREST THAT CZECHOSLOVAKIA, POLAND, HUNGARY STRENGTHEN THEIR FLEDGLING DEMOCRACIES AND THEIR MARKET ECONOMIES. - 14 - WE RECOGNIZE THAT NEW ROLES AND EVEN NEW INSTITUTIONS ARE NATURAL OUTGROWTHS OF THE NEW EUROPE. WHETHER IT IS THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY OR A BROADENED MANDATE FOR THE C.S.C.E., THE U.S. SUPPORTS ALL EFFORTS TO FORGE A EUROPEAN APPROACH TO COMMON CHALLENGES, ON THE CONTINENT AND IN THE WORLD BEYOND: WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT EUROPE'S LONG-TERM SECURITY IS INTERTWINED WITH AMERICA'S -- AND THAT NATO REMAINS THE BEST MEANS TO ASSURE IT. AND WE LOOK TO EUROPE TO ACT AS A FORCE FOR STABILITY OUTSIDE ITS OWN BORDERS. IN A WORLD AS INTERDEPENDENT AS OURS, NO INDUSTRIALIZED NATION CAN MAINTAIN MEMBERSHIP IN GOOD STANDING IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY WITHOUT ASSUMING ITS FAIR SHARE OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR PEACE AND SECURITY. - 15 - BUT EVEN IN THE FACE OF SUCH WELCOME CHANGE, AMERICANS WILL REMAIN IN EUROPE IN SUPPORT OF HISTORY'S MOST SUCCESSFUL ALLIANCE -- NATO. AMERICA'S COMMITMENT IS THE BEST GUARANTEE OF A SECURE EUROPE, AND A SECURE EUROPE IS VITAL TO AMERICAN INTERESTS AND WORLD PEACE. THIS IS THE ESSENTIAL LOGIC OF THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE, WHICH ANCHORS AMERICA IN EUROPE. THIS CENTURY'S HISTORY SHOWS THAT AMERICA'S DESTINY AND INTERESTS CANNOT BE SEPARATE FROM EUROPE'S. THROUGH THE LONG YEARS OF COLD WAR AND CONFLICT, THE UNITED STATES STOOD FAST FOR FREEDOM IN EUROPE. NOW, AS EASTERN EUROPE OPENS TO DEMOCRATIC IDEALS, TRUE PROGRESS BECOMES POSSIBLE. // - 16 - THE SOVIET UNION IS ENGAGED IN ITS OWN DRAMATIC TRANSFORMATION. THE POLICIES OF CONFRONTATION ABROAD -- LIKE THE DISCREDITED DOGMA OF COMMUNISM FROM WHICH THOSE POLICIES SPRANG -- LIES DORMANT IF NOT MORTALLY WOUNDED. MUCH HAS CHANGED. THE PATH OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION FOSTERED BY PRESIDENT GORBACHEV -- AND MANIFESTED MOST CLEARLY IN THE PERSIAN GULF -- MARKS A RADICAL CHANGE IN SOVIET BEHAVIOR. YET, THE COURSE OF CHANGE WITHIN THE SOVIET UNION IS FAR LESS CLEAR. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL REFORM IS UNDER SEVERE CHALLENGE. SOVIET CITIZENS -- FACING THE COLLAPSE OF THE OLD ORDER WHILE THE NEW STILL STRUGGLES TO BE BORN -- CONFRONT DESPERATE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS -- THEIR HARD-WON FREEDOMS IN PERIL. ANCIENT ETHNIC ENMITIES, CONFLICT BETWEEN REPUBLICS -- AND BETWEEN REPUBLICS AND THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT -- ADD TO THESE MONUMENTAL CHALLENGES. - 17 - AMERICA'S POLICY TOWARD THE SOVIET UNION IN THIS TROUBLED TIME IS -- FIRST AND FOREMOST -- TO CONTINUE OUR EFFORTS TO BUILD THE COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIP THAT HAS ALLOWED OUR NATIONS AND SO MANY OTHERS TO STRENGTHEN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND STABILITY. AT THE SAME TIME, WE WILL CONTINUE TO SUPPORT A REFORM PROCESS WITHIN THE U.S.S.R. AIMED AT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM: A PROCESS WE BELIEVE MUST BE BUILT ON PEACEFUL DIALOGUE AND NEGOTIATION. THIS IS A POLICY WE WILL ADVOCATE STEADFASTLY -- BOTH IN OUR DISCUSSIONS WITH THE CENTRAL SOVIET GOVERNMENT AND WITH ALL ELEMENTS ACTIVE IN SOVIET POLITICAL LIFE. LET THERE BE NO MISUNDERSTANDING: THE PATH AHEAD FOR THE SOVIET UNION WILL BE DIFFICULT -- AND AT TIMES PAINFUL. HISTORY WEIGHS HEAVILY ON ALL THE PEOPLES OF THE U.S.S.R. LIBERATION FROM 70 YEARS OF COMMUNISM -- FROM 1000 YEARS OF AUTOCRACY -- WILL BE SLOW. THERE WILL BE SETBACKS. BUT THIS PROCESS OF REFORM -- THIS TRANSFORMATION FROM WITHIN -- MUST PROCEED, IF EXTERNAL COOPERATION, AND OUR PROGRESS TOWARD TRUE INTERNATIONAL PEACE, IS TO ENDURE. - 18 - ONLY WHEN THIS TRANSFORMATION IS COMPLETE WILL WE BE ABLE TO TAKE FULL MEASURE OF THE OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED BY THIS NEW, AND EVOLVING, WORLD ORDER. // THE NEW WORLD ORDER REALLY IS A TOOL FOR ADDRESSING A NEW WORLD OF POSSIBILITIES. THIS ORDER GAINS ITS MISSION AND SHAPE NOT JUST FROM SHARED INTERESTS, BUT FROM SHARED IDEALS. AND THE IDEALS THAT HAVE SPAWNED NEW FREEDOMS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD HAVE RECEIVED THEIR BOLDEST AND CLEAREST EXPRESSION IN THE UNITED STATES. NEVER BEFORE HAS THE WORLD LOOKED MORE TO THE AMERICAN EXAMPLE. NEVER BEFORE HAVE SO MANY MILLIONS DRAWN HOPE FROM THE AMERICAN IDEA. // - 19 - THE REASON IS SIMPLE: AMERICA IS UNLIKE ANY OTHER NATION IN THE WORLD. AS AMERICANS, WE ENJOY PROFOUND AND MYSTERIOUS BONDS OF AFFECTION AND IDEALISM. WE FEEL OUR DEEP CONNECTIONS TO COMMUNITY, TO FAMILIES, TO OUR FAITHS. BUT WHAT DEFINES THIS NATION -- WHAT MAKES US AMERICAN -- IS NOT OUR TIES TO A PIECE OF TERRITORY, OR BONDS OF BLOOD. WHAT MAKES US AMERICAN IS OUR ALLEGIANCE TO AN IDEA: THAT ALL PEOPLE -- EVERYWHERE -- MUST BE FREE. 11 THIS IDEA IS AS OLD AND ENDURING AS THIS NATION ITSELF -- AS DEEPLY ROOTED IN WHAT WE ARE AS THE PROMISE IMPLICIT TO ALL THE WORLD IN THE WORDS OF OUR DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. // THE NEW WORLD FACING US IS A WORLD OF DISCOVERY, A WORLD DEVOTED TO UNLOCKING THE PROMISE OF FREEDOM. IT IS NO MORE STRUCTURED THAN A DREAM, NO MORE REGIMENTED THAN AN INNOVATOR'S BURST OF INSPIRATION. - 20 - - IF WE TRUST OURSELVES AND OUR VALUES, IF WE RETAIN THE PIONEER'S ENTHUSIASM FOR EXPLORING THE WORLD BEYOND OUR SHORES -- IF WE STRIVE TO ENGAGE IN THE WORLD THAT BECKONS US -- THEN AND ONLY THEN WILL AMERICA BE TRUE TO ALL THAT IS BEST IN US. 11 MAY GOD BLESS THIS GREAT NATION -- THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. # # # ATIONS PART ONE: GENERALITIES 69 Jean Paul RICHTER, 1763-1825 IS soldiers consists in skill in the use of ises from the practice of firing at birds and A battlefield is at once the playroom of all the gods and the dancehall of all the oods, of an extensive continent. furies. : and Economy of Armies, 1845 Titan, 1803 William COBBETT, 1763-1835 I like soldiers, as a class in life, better than any other description of men. Their ought; for that very reason it is the most conversation is more pleasing to me; they have generally seen more than other men; they have less of vulgar prejudices about them. Amongst soldiers less than amongst any other description of men, have I observed the vices of lying and hypocrisy. RAND-Périgord, 1754-1838 The Progress of a Ploughboy to a Seat in Parliament, 1834 John Quincy ADAMS, 1767-1848 e left to military men. Wherever the standard of freedom and independence has been or shall be unfurled, there will be America's heart, her benedictions, and her prayers. But she goes not abroad in search of monsters to destroy. Speech in Washington DC, 4th July 1821 1804 NAPOLEON BONAPARTE (Napoleon I), 1769-1821 regular and disciplined army can only be same kind. First I engage, then I see what can be done. Remark made during the Italian war of 1796 In war, moral considerations account for three-quarters, the balance of actual forces only for the other quarter. Letter, 27th August 1808 Plans of campaign may be modified, ad infinitum, according to circumstances, the genius of the general, the character of the troops, and the features of the country. Military Maxims, selected and translated by Colonel D'Aguilar, 1831: ii 805 When the conquest of a country is undertaken by two or three armies, which have each their separate line of operation, until they arrive at a point fixed upon for their concentration, it should be laid down as a principle, that the junction should never take place near the enemy, because the enemy in uniting his forces, may not only prevent it, but beat the armies in detail. Military Maxims, selected and translated by Colonel D'Aguilar, 1831 iv All wars should be governed by certain principles, for every war should have a definite object, and be conducted according to the rules of art. War should only be undertaken with forces proportioned to the obstacles to be overcome. Military Maxims, selected and translated by Colonel D'Aguilar, 1831: At the commencement of a campaign, to advance or not to advance, is a matter for ory', 1794 grave consideration, but when once the offensive has been assumed, it must be sustained to the last extremity. However skilful the manoeuvres, a retreat will Ppacf Mil Educ # am sorties /# am planes lost overall allied Lt Col David Elrerly - ranking POW qui ment to air Univ. foreign students - CC 33 countries, 39 students total 250 som MC, Nav. DOD. GG, inti S, UAE, Jardan 150 AF, 20 Army small # AWC- Lt Col & Col small # air lammand & staff Coll Majaro all Squad Offers School - Capto Y to In NCO academy - master Sgato + go - coulition sorties 120,000 am= 101,000 coal lost 37 arrisaft am = 28 U.S. coal 44 KIA am = 39 U.S. Bruce Boevers - Exec. Sec. OSD 703/695-0028 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Gen. Boyd intro Gen. Merrill McPeak COS USAF 2300 Gov, Guy Hunt Mayor Emony Folmer (R) Sen. Heflin Rep. Dickinson AFI Bill Cabaniss Col. Strickland 205/263 7668 (h) Montgomery Signal Craig Ray McGroarty/Dooley April 11, 1991 4:30 pm [AIR] PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AIR UNIVERSITY, MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA APRIL 13, 1990 9:00 AM students General Boyd, friends -- and fellow airmen: It is my great faculty officers pleasure to look out across this sea of blue -- to meet this morning with the men and women of Air University. // The history of aviation has been shaped here since the Wright brothers brought their strange new "mechanical bird" to Montgomery and housed it in a hangar not far from where we now stand. This institution, from its early days as the Air Corps Tactical School, has defined the nation's air strategy and tactics. It has guided our operations over the fields of Europe and the seas of the Pacific -- from the First World War to the thousand hours of DESERT STORM. // Here at Air University, it's your business to read the lessons of the past with an eye on the far horizon. That's why I've chosen to speak today about the new world taking shape around us -- about the prospects for a new world order now within our reach. // For more than four decades, we have lived in a world divided -- East from West. A world locked in a conflict of arms and ideas called the Cold War. Two systems -- two superpowers -- separated by mistrust and unremitting hostility. // That war is over. Think of the transformations taking place in the last six months alone. East Germany has vanished from the Bernauer nument strasse 2 map. Today in free Berlin, the wall that once divided a continent and a world has been pulverized, turned into souvenirs. The section that remains standing is but a museum piece. The triumph of freedom swept communism away. Yet the world hardly seemed to notice: The Warsaw Pact passed into the pages of history, not with a bang but with a whimper -- its demise reported in a story on page A16 of the Washington Post. // What a change: For more than four decades, America's energies were focused on containing the threat to the free world from the forces of communism. Now we must move beyond containment -- to a policy of active engagement in our new world. Let me focus for a moment on what we mean by this phrase, "the new world order." In one respect, the new world we seek is hardly new at all. It is at least as old as the hopes and dreams of 1919 and 1945 -- hopes for a world blessed with widening democracy -- a growing commonwealth of freedom. // Yet when we speak of a new order, we're not talking about a blueprint that will govern the conduct of nations. We're not talking about some supranational structure or institution. We're not talking about surrendering our national sovereignty or forfeiting our interests. We're really describing a responsibility imposed by our successes. We're talking about new ways of working with our allies to achieve stability, prosperity and peace. /// I would like to talk about three dimensions -- military, political and economic -- of this order. // 3 Begin with military strength. The crisis in the Gulf served as the crucible of this new order. Thirty nations -- from Europe and North America, Asia and Africa and the Arab world -- joined forces, stopped aggression and sent a signal to would-be tyrants everwhere in world. We showed that we can work together in defense of principle. // At the same time, we learned that the Cold War's end didn't deliver us into an era of perpetual peace. As old threats recede, new threats emerge. The quest for the new world order is in part a challenge to keep the dangers of disorder at bay. Enmities and ethnic rivalries frozen during the Cold War have re-emerged -- have flared into feuds that could engulf nations, destabilize continents. From the Baltics in the north to Yugoslavia in the south -- across each of the Soviet Union's republics -- nations within nations struggle to assert themselves. // At the same time, renegade regimes pose new threats to peace. Saddam Hussein, unfortunately, is not the world's only international outlaw. By the year 2000, as many as 15 nations may have both weapons of mass destruction and the ballistic missiles to deliver them. Many of these regimes will take orders from leaders who are more rash than rational -- who are less likely to be dissuaded from outlaw acts by theories of deterrence than by our real determination to prevent aggression. // 4 Our Gulf success demands that we think carefully about how best to use our might. Already, we can identify several lessons on the use of military force. The first concerns doctrine and strategy. In DESERT STORM, we demonstrated the true strength of joint operations: Not the notion that each service must participate in equal part in every operation of every war -- but that we use the proper tools at the proper time. In DESERT STORM, the proper tool -- the decisive tool -- was airpower. // Just one week into the war, the allied air campaign had plunged Iraq's Armed Forces into a strategic death spiral. As a result, our ground war lasted only 100 hours. To a remarkable degree, our technology, training and tactics ensured miminal losses to allied forces. Our precise air strikes spared the lives of innocent civilians. // The second lesson learned in the Gulf War confirms one of the oldest military maxims. In the words of Napoleon: "the moral is to the material as three is to one." // The tools and technology of war may change, but the nature of war remains the same. Whether it's the horseman in the saddle or the pilot in the cockpit -- a warrior's heart must burn with the will to fight. If his cause is just, his will can turn the war. If he fights, but does not believe -- no technology can save him. // In the Gulf War, America and its allies had more than superior weapons -- we had the will to win. // 5 You demonstrated that will in Desert Storm. America's highest ranking POW in DESERT STORM -- Lt. Col. David Eberly -- is an alumnus of the Air College, class of '89. This human factor at the center of your studies is personified by the man who leads you. General Boyd served in Vietnam -- 105 combat missions, before he was shot down on a mission over Hanoi. He spent almost seven years -- 2500 cruel days -- in captivity. Yet he emerged, brave and unbroken. He kept the faith -- to himself, and to his nation --in a war in which this nation too often broke faith with its fighting men. General Boyd knows first-hand what it means when we make the solemn pledge -- there will be "No more Vietnams. " // Thus, the third lesson learned in the Gulf concerns the use of American military power: Whenever American troops go into combat, we must go armed with a clear objective -- one we can meet militarily. Whenever American troops go into combat, we must be sure the cause is right -- one the public can support. Finally, whenever American troops go into combat, we must make the decision to achieve our objectives swiftly, with as little cost in lives as possible. The force we employ must be decisive -- and yet discriminate. // America and its allies enjoyed each of these crucial advantages in the Gulf War. Our forces -- our cause -- prevailed. Today, Kuwait is free. // In Iraq, even now, the agony continues. As much as each fresh proof of the savagery of Saddam Hussein sickens us -- as 6 much as we agonize over the miseries of the Kurds in the North and the Shiites in the South -- we cannot commit American troops to combat with no clear military aim. We've been urged to do just that -- by people who seem to expect the U.S. to act as some sort of "beat cop" policing every nation's internal conflicts. I ask them to take a look at the realities. To look at the mountainous terrain of northern Iraq -- at the mass migration of millions of refugees -- at the inability to separate civilians from combatants -- and to see the use of American force in these circumstances as an invitation to disaster. We would risk sending our men and women to death, while placing many innocent people at risk. // I think the American people understand that we can render humanitarian aid. We can work in concert with other nations to to ensure a safe haven for the refugees from Saddam's regime -- and to seek an end to this savagery. But we cannot put our young men and women in the middle of Iraq's civil war. /// Let me turn from these "lessons learned" in the Gulf, to the second dimension I want to consider today -- to the political landscape of our new world. // No continent has experienced more rapid change than Europe. For forty years, Europe stood on the fault line of East-West conflict. Today, a tranformed Europe stands closer than ever before to its free and democratic destiny. We've struggled for 45 years to fulfill that destiny. Today, we look to an increasingly united Europe -- whole and free 7 -- to shoulder a larger share of the security burden on its own continent. And we look to Europe to follow its positive precedent in the Gulf, to act as a force for stability outside its own borders. In a world as interdependent as ours, no industrialized nation can afford to indulge the fantasy that it can maintain membership in good standing in the global economy without contributing its fair share to global security. We recognize that new roles and even new institutions are a natural outgrowth of the new Europe. Whether it is the European Community, or a broadened mandate for the CSCE or other forms of closer European integration -- the U.S. supports all efforts to forge a unified European approach to common challenges, on the continent and in the world beyond. But even in the face of such welcome change -- the American commitment to Europe remains. Through the long years of Cold War and confict, the United States stood fast for freedom in Europe. Now, as Eastern Europe opens to Western ideals, true partnership becomes possible. If the new world order we speak about has real meaning, America must remain engaged in Europe - and Europe must share the burden of defending our common interests. // Let me turn now to the third dimension -- the economic dimension of this new world now taking shape. From South America to southern Africa to the Far East, free market reform now sweeps away the dead refuse of state socialism. Capitalism generates prosperity and social progress by taking advantage of people's natural abilities and dreams -- rather than 8 by trying to force human nature to fit some planner's mold. Nations are reorganizing themselves to unleash the limitless potential of the individual. // For years, Marxists predicted that have-not nations would rally around a scheme called the new international economic order, to redistribute the world's wealth. They considered envy a more powerful impulse than creation. They were wrong. Today we see a world increasingly committed to the free market -- toward a New World Economy based on creating wealth by allowing enterprising individuals to reap the fruits of their labors. // In the global economy, the U.S. must remain a forceful advocate for free trade: Here in our own hemisphere, as we work toward a tri-lateral trade agreement linking the U.S., Canada, and Mexico -- in South America, through the Enterprise for the Americas initiative -- and in the global economy, through GATT and the Uruguay Round. I have asked Congress to extend my fast- track trade authority so that we can take advantage of the opportunities presented by these trade talks. // Trade holds forth the promise of prosperity and cooperation for all, but only if we guard against the impulse to let healthy economic competition degenerate into open economic conflict. Many of our key security partners are our toughest economic competitors. We should welcome this challenge, since it will inspire all of us to produce more and better goods, to invent products and processes that help us all. 9 Human dreams, fueled by the success of capitalism, pulled down the Berlin Wall. It certainly would be strange for Americans, us, who set that market revolution in motion, to erect our own Wall of Protectionism. We must work with our allies to ensure that in striving together to end the Cold War we have not made the world safe for trade wars. // As you can see, the new world order really is a world of possibilities. In the midst of this new world stands America, the only nation that combines economic and military might -- with a moral force borne of its founding ideals. // Never before has the world looked more to the American example. Never before have so many millions drawn hope from the American idea. // The reason is simple: America is unlike any other nation in the world. As Americans, we enjoy profound and mysterious bonds of affection and idealism. We feel our deep connections to community, to families, to our faiths. But what defines this nation -- what makes us American -- is not our ties to a piece of territory, or bonds of blood. What makes us American is our allegiance to an idea: that all people -- everywhere -- must be free. // The new world beyond our borders is a world that suddenly has discovered the principles that have shaped our nation for more than 200 years. People see our land, and say: We want to be like them. We want to enjoy their prosperity. We want to share their joy. We want to emulate their goodness. 10 The new world is a world of discovery, a world devoted to unlocking the promise of freedom. It is no more structured than a dream, no more regimented than an innovator's burst of inspiration. This world is rooted in ideals as old and enduring as this nation itself -- as deeply rooted in what we are as the promise implicit to all the world in the words of our Declaration of Independence. // We already have begun the work of reaching out and embracing our opportunities. We have built a strong and flexible military. We are promoting free markets and free trade around the world. We are working with our allies -- throughout the world -- to promote peace and stability. Ready to put America's power in service of principle: The promise of this new world animates American policy. // If we trust ourselves and our values, if we retain the pioneer's enthusiasm for exploring the world beyond our shores - - if we strive to engage in the thrilling world that beckons us - - then and only then will America be true to all that is best in us. // May God bless this great nation -- the United States of America. # # # APR 09 '91 14:54 P.1/4 91 APR 8 P5: 06 Air War College MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE 8 MEMO TO Ms Carolyn DATE X April 1991 Cawley FROM Vice Commandant TRANSMITTAL SHEET Pegay Dooley TO: Ms Carolyn-Cawley Research Assistant Office of Presidential Speechwriting The White House FROM: Col Bryan Strickland Vice Commandant Air War College Maxwell AFB AL 36116 205-953-5935 (Comm) 493-5935 (DSN) This FAX contains 4 pages, counting the transmittal sheet. TRANSMITTIAC 1550/ ost 4/1/91 4/8/91 APR 09 '91 14:54 P.2/4 12 Sep 90 INTERNATIONAL OFFICER INFORMATION COUNTRY NAME WIFE ADDRESS PHONE BOX SEM AUSTRALIA WG CDR JEFFREY T. DAY BRENDA C. 7749 HALCYON FOREST TRAIL 36117 272-2945 15 5 AUSTRALIA WG CDR GARRY F. BATES CAROLYN 6230 OLIVER DR. 36117 277-0332 6 14 BRAZIL LT COL VALTER CARROCINO ANGELA MARIA 3852 GOVERNOR'S DRIVE 0-454 36116 281-7926 8 6 CANADA LT COL RICHARD J. YOUNG FRANCES 1830 RAJON CT 36116 270-9879 39 16 COLOMBIA LT COL EDGAR A. LESMEZ NORHA AZUERO 5728-F VILLAS LANE 36116 279-0475 30 4 EGYPT COL AHMED N. EL-WAKEIL NADIA EL-SAID (ARR AUG) BLDG 1428, RM 7020 36112 281-4957 18 15 FRANCE LT COL ALAIN ROCHE DANIELLE (DANY) 3420 FOUNTAIN CIRCLE 36116 277-1201 33 1 GERMANY LT COL HANS-PETER KOCH BARBARA HELSA 5801 E. SHIRLEY LANE # 411 260-9513 28 17 GREECE LT COL ZAHARIAS DAMIANAKIS CATHRIN 3449 FOUNTAIN CIRCLE 36116 244-1702 14 3 INDIA GP CAPT C. K. 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MILNE-SMITH SUSAN 306 ARROWHEAD DR 36117 279-7754 31 8 URUGUAY COL EGO CORREA LUNA NORA 3808 GOVERNOR'S DR # C-219 36111 286-0426 13 18 VENEZUELA LT COL HECTOR CENTENO LIGIA (ARR 1 AUG 901 BLDG 1428, RM 7021 36112 240-7021 9 15 INTERNATIONAL OFFICERS Australia (2) India Korea (2) Saudi Arabia (2) Brazil Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Canada Israel (2) Mexico Spain Columbia Italy Monocco Thailand Egypt Ivory Coast* New Zealand Turkey (2) France Japan Nigeria UAE Germany Jordan Pakistan UK (2) Greece Kenya Philippines Uruguay* Venezuela Total number of students: 39 AERO RATING Total number of countries:33 36 Pilots * First time represented 1 Navigator 2 Non-rated APR 09 '91 14:56 P.4/4 OF DEPTNSE DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR WAR COLLEGE (AU) MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE, AL 36112-5522 STATES S AMERICA 1 Apr 91 TO: Ms Cawley FROM: Col Strickland Reference Mr Simon's questions from the Advanced Team visit. 1. 1910 - Wright Brothers established the first Civil Flying School at Maxwell AFB AL. 2. Maxwell Air Force Base named for 2nd Lieutenant William C. Maxwell, killed in an air accident 12 August 1920, in the Philippines. MAXWELL AFB 4/13/91 9:00 am 100'x X 200' 60' high STEEL 0 $ Do AF1 audience of 1500 faculty + students The from Air U. (AF capt. majors + cols, HANGAR OPEN DOOR int ro of Pres. by LTGEN. Boyd RUNWAT Col. ar. Lord - Air U. Cdr. Capt. Flading- PAO Col. Strickland Gen Boyden - intro Pres. audience : col lt.col. Majort 1000 Dec. Police 28 aiman + (woman protected King Fahd Base got back on Freday 13 due back on 15th Giant US flag backdrop 132' X 80' 40' students from30 other courtries Sandi t UAE B52 FY K86 F105 F100 Wright flyer B2S Glenn Miller got his start here depth with large Langer w/gient blay 8 100 X 200 1500 students + faculty big echo City/State: Montgomery AL Event: Manwell APPS Date: 325 OFFICE OF PRESIDENTIAL ADVANCE CONTACT SHEET Name Office Phone Number Presidential Advance Office 202/456-7565 Presidential Advance Fax Number 202/456-2820 Patincia Conrad WH Advance 202 456 2565 MARK BARNETTE WH Comm AGENCY 202-395-4048 Mayr Sean Bym army Aidtth Purild (202) 395-1747 # Capt Lorie Flading 3800 ABW/Public Aftairs 205-953-2016 MAJ Tom RITZ 3800 ABW / civil ENgrg 3-7921 Joni Grant Air War College 205 - 953 - 2492 WARREN TEED 3800 SVS 3-5333 Brabby STAN ford 3800 SUS 3-7390 BETTY BALLARD 3800 L5/LGT 3-5787 GRADY HANNAH, Capt 1973 CO/LG 453-7071 S.ONLY F. COMBS n /LGP 453-2704 PAUL PORTER LtCoL 3800 ABW/Security 953-6933 TynoNE JohNsoN, msgt 3800 LS/LGM 953-6897 Jones Lew W. 3800 25/LGMQT 953-5045 W.ll.E ( REECE 3800 LS/LGM9T 953-5045 CPT REX JORDAN AIR FORCE ADVANCE (703) 695-7105 Bob Simon WH Speechwriting 202-456-7750 ANDY FOSTER WH POLITICAL AFFAIRS 202 456 6510 Capt Fred Anderson Marine One Advance (703) 640-2364 Tim HALFMAN Usss - BHM (205) 731-1144 BiLL Copeland usss Montgomery 205-223-7601 A COL BRYAN STRICKLAND Awc/cv 205 953 -5935 & Coc Lance w LORY 50s/cc 205 953-2231 pacf V City/State: Montgomery AL Event: Date: OFFICE OF PRESIDENTIAL ADVANCE CONTACT SHEET Name Office Phone Number Presidential Advance Office 202/456-7565 Presidential Advance Fax Number 202/456-2820 COL PAUL N. DRIGGES ABW/CV 205-953-7753 Col Jerry L SAILORS Au/csp(Protocol) ACSC/CV -2288 LT Col Ricman J. FIY (205) 953 - 2095 LEW MERCETTi, SECRET SERVICE (202) 395.4011 Bill Carter 3800ABW/OTM (205)953-7878 Spencer Geissinger WH Advance 202-456-7565 60 Tomeu " 4 4 lucy muckerman 11