Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323153355
label
U.S. Air Force Academy 5/29/91 [OA 8323] [2]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323153355
contentType
document
title
U.S. Air Force Academy 5/29/91 [OA 8323] [2]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13757-013
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323153355
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
d0c92cd808615d36
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13757
Folder ID Number:
13757-013
Folder Title:
U.S. Air Force Academy 5/29/91 [OA 8323] [2]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
21
4
3
(Lange/Simon)
May 20, 1991
6:15 P.M.
[USAF.DOC]
PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS:
UNITED STATES AIR FORCE ACADEMY
COLORADO SPRINGS, CO
WEDNESDAY, MAY 29, 1991
[TIME]
20
a.m.
[[ Secretary of the Air Force Donald Rice, Superintendent
General Hamm, General McPeak, Ladies and Gentlemen: "Our
altitude is 7,250 feet above sea level. 11 Far, far above that
of West Point or Annapolis." 11
my
Sorry I'm a little late. Almost didn't pass "SAMI." " Then I
had to talk my Pilot out of doing an Immelman over the stadium.
200my
It's an honor to join you, here at "wild Blue U" -- the
home of the quick and the brave. For you, and for everyone in
the Air Force, there's never been a better day to be a flyer. ]]
For forty years, my generation struggled in the confines of
a divided world -- frozen in the ice of ideological conflict,
preoccupied with the possibility of yet another war in Europe.
More recently, many wondered whether America was still strong
enough to bear the burden of world leadership. My fellow
Americans, we are -- and we will. 11
In the life of a great and decent nation like ours, there
are moments when the people break the shackles of self-doubt and
reaffirm fundamental values. You graduate at such a moment -- a
time when America's national will is re-defined and re-affirmed.
Of course, it's too early to predict the demise of the
declinists. Even now, as the troops come home from the Gulf and
families are reunited, some call it merely "old fashioned."
2
seed
That's nothing new -- standing here in 1969, President Richard
file
Nixon said "Patriotism is considered by some to be a backward
6-4-69
fetish of the uneducated and unsophisticated."
But Americans rarely mistake cynicism for sophistication.
They know patriotism isn't prone to tarnish like a brass button
-- it's part of the real and lasting fabric of this nation.
Assertive but not arrogant, self-assured, kind, generous -- we
are as committed to our fundamental values as we have ever been.
So today I speak to you, and through you, to every member of
America's armed forces: When others weren't sure we were up to
the task -- you were. When your country asked you to serve, you
did. When others said "No, we're not ready, we can't" -- you
said, "Yes. We're ready. We will." As men and women willing
and worthy to bear arms, you committed heart and mind and sweat
and blood if need be, for the sake of human liberty.
Let other nations decide for themselves their role in the
world, and in history -- you prove that in America's heart, there
is no burden too heavy, no risk too great, when our interests and
principles are at stake. God bless America's military.
Like no other nation in the world, we bear the burden of
leadership: not unilaterally, for we have never dictated another
nation's course -- nor can we isolate ourselves, for the world
counts on our steady hands and staying power. America remains
the one nation others turn to in distress. We cannot right all
wrongs alone -- but neither can any nation lead as we can.
3
The current pace of change only brings greater challenge.
Look to the desperate struggle of the Kurds in Iraq. The
economies of Eastern Europe, ravaged by years of misrule. The
powerful forces now at work in Yugoslavia -- and the uncertainty
and ethnic tension in the Soviet Union itself.
Our experience in the Persian Gulf offered a glimpse of the
power of collective effort to assure world security. A question
I'd like you to consider now, is what kind of role our military
power should play, in the future we want for the world.
The answer will affect the decisions now being made in the
Congress -- and ultimately, the kind of military you will lead in
the future.
A year before you came to Colorado Springs, I told the Class
speech
5-28-86
of '86, "there's no doubt the Soviets remain our major adversary.
Our two systems represent fundamentally different values."
Well, the military arm of the Warsaw pact no longer exists.
All Soviet troops will soon be gone from Czechoslovakia and
Hungary. Withdrawals from Poland continue. But the Soviets
mass
remain a military power. They still retain significant strategic
capability -- and they'll be fully modernized by the mid 1990's.
And even as the political picture shifts away from
*
polarization between two Superpowers, we face the greater
hostile
military volatility of outlaw regimes armed with modern weapons
and ancient ambitions. By the end of this century, 24 Third
World nations will have ballistic missiles -- and over a score of
them will have nuclear weapons.
4
That's why, last year, I announced a shift in our defense
focus: away from many of the threats of the Cold War, toward a
new agility and flexibility for our armed forces, and new
technology in our defense systems -- so that we can respond to
unpredictable regional crises and renegade regimes.
The demands of security in a new age -- the way we design,
field, equip, deploy, and train our military forces in changing
strategic circumstances -- will challenge our creativity like
never before.
That's why the defense program we sent to the Congress
recognizes that not only can we make dramatic spending cuts:
thanks to historic and dramatic changes around the world, we must
make those cuts to meet our own fiscal goals. But if we're going
to spend less, we're going to have to spend smart.
Our cuts run deep: in the years ahead, defense spending
will drop to 3.6 percent of G.N.P. -- the lowest level in over 50
years. Virtually every military unit and every defense program
will be affected.
But we've put forward a defense program that is reasoned,
reasonable, and the minimum essential for our national security.
A sound program, that regards the military neither as a scapegoat
nor as a sacred COW -- but looks to the kind of defense we need
in the future. And yet the House has just passed a defense bill
that doesn't recognize lessons learned in the Persian Gulf.
Gulf Lesson One is the value of air superiority. I remember
meeting early on with General McPeak, up at Camp David. In his
5
laid-back, modest way, he told me exactly what he felt air power
could do. After he left, I turned to my trusted National
Security Advisor, Air Force Lieutenant General Brent Scowcroft,
and said, "Brent, does this guy really know what he's talking
about?" And sure enough, General Scowcroft said, "Yes."
Just before the war started -- just to make doubly sure --
I asked General McPeak if he was still as certain as he'd been up
at Camp David. And he said, "Even more so." The war started a
few days later, and General McPeak was right on target. [[ I was
tempted to ask him how he thought I was performing during the
war, but I figured he'd say "Fast, Neat, Average, Friendly, Good,
Good. " (cadets' traditional rating of their dining hall)
]]
and
stealth.
Then there's Gulf Lesson Two: the value of surprise
learned that stealth works Some of you may have heard about the
found
sand-box model of the theater of operations in the Iraqi command
in Kuwait city
center
When allied forces arrived, the model remained just as
the Iraqis had left it: with all Iraqi units pointed toward the
sea, toward the allied amphibious assault that never came.
Our air superiority had blinded Iraqi intelligence and saved
untold casualties. More than any other single factor, stealth
saved lives. Night after night it allowed us to put continuous
pressure on vital targets, regardless of defenses, anywhere in
theater. The F-117 carried a revolution in warfare on its wings
over Baghdad -- as the rest of the world learned by seeing the
remarkable pictures of bombs dropping into airvents and bunker
doors. [[ You know -- "knock-knock, who's there, ka-boom." ]]
6
Stealth technology has revolutionized warfare, forever --
doing more, doing it better, and doing it for less. Exposing
fewer lives, reducing total sorties, lowering demands on
munitions, manpower, fuel, support, and overall cost.
And the B-2 carries over ten times the load of an F-117 at
over five times the unrefueled range. That means unexcelled
capability per dollar -- getting to the job faster, with more
tons of ordnance, without the force build-up and time we needed
prior to Desert Storm.
Yet earlier this month, the House Armed Services Committee
terminated the B-2 Stealth -- redirecting funds to unnecessary or
obsolete conventional weapons. Anyone who tells you the B-2 is
"too expensive" hasn't seen flak up close lately. America's Air
Force needs the B-2 bomber. \\
Gulf Lesson Three: We learned that missile defense works.
In the Gulf, along with theories of deterrence, we had
technologies of defense -- like the Patriot missile.
Another American President who spoke to this Academy, John
F. Kennedy, told the Class of '63 that "mutual nuclear deterrents
cannot be shrugged off as stalemate, for our national security in
a period of rapid change will depend on constant reappraisal of
our present doctrines, on alertness to new developments, on
imagination and resourcefulness, and new ideas."
That's why we've completely refocused Strategic Defense
toward Global Protection Against Limited Strikes, or "G-PALS."
7
In terms of cost, feasibility, strategic stability, and our
relations with the Soviets, G-PALS is a real advance on SDI --
protecting us and our allies from the smaller-scale strike more
likely from a Third World regime.
Yet Congress is gutting our ability to develop and deploy
strategic defenses to protect Americans from renegade ballistic
missile attacks. We've learned that missile defense works -- now
it's up to the Congress to fund missile defense. for America
Gulf Lesson Four, the final and most fundamental, is the
value of people. No war is won without them -- and ours have
those ing
never been better. In 1980, 68 percent of enlisted had high
school diplomas -- now it's 95 percent and rising. In fact, the
military has become our greatest equal opportunity employer of
excellence -- and our volunteer servicemen and women are the best
educated and most motivated anywhere, any time, ever. 11
Our forces will be 25 percent smaller by mid-decade. But
they will be fully prepared to respond quickly and decisively to
crises. This will not be a hollow force, hamstrung by cuts in
readiness to protect unneeded programs, unneeded bases, or
unneeded units.
So I say to the Congress: Rather than denying vital air and
sealift support for special operations forces; rather than
preventing needed reductions in the Guard and Reserve; rather
than forcing the purchase of expensive and unneeded aircraft and
weapons which we never requested, and the Pentagon doesn't even
want -- let us remember lessons learned, and look to the future.
8
The question is whether we'll have the technology vital to
our security in the next century -- technology and equipment
equal to the quality of graduates that emerge from this Academy
-- or whether we'll waste money on unwise decisions, unwanted
hardward, and unneeded bases.
[[ To pick just one at random, Congress requires the Navy to
keep the same number of people on a base in Memphis, Tennessee -
- the only state in the Union with a legislated minimum number of
naval personnel -- and Tennessee, of course, is land-locked. ]]
No President could deny Congress its right to oversight --
but make no mistake: no Congressional district's interests
outweigh our national security interests -- and I will veto any
bill that doesn't meet this nation's legitimate defense needs. \\
Let us make smart decisions on defense, by making our forces
leaner and more effective -- not by denying our people the tools
they need to do their jobs in the next century.
You graduates, when you take to the skies, will find that no
one who engages you will have your skills, your technology, and
your support. And as you rise, you'll find that in world
leadership we have no challengers -- but no end of challenges.
So to all of America's servicemen and women -- and to the
1991 graduating class of the United States Air Force Academy:
You have earned the right to be saluted.
[SALUTE].
God bless you all -- and good luck.
# # #
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:44 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 1
*
*
*
*
*
United States
*
*
Air Force Academy
*
A10 : 59
*
*
To: Mr. Bob Simon
29 April 91
The White House
Room 111
Washington D.C. 20500
Fax # (202) 456-6218
Bob--
Might take you a few minutes to sift through
all this but I think it's essentially what you
are after.
I'm sure you'll want to discuss after you have
had the chance to examine.
Cheers.
Mike w.
Colonel David M. Wallace
Director of Public Affairs
USAFA, CO 80840 Phone: 472-2990
David chaney
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:44 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218;# 2
INPUTS TO BOB SIMON FOR PRESIDENT'S SPEECH
POSSIBLE JOKE MATERIAL
Crab Races at D'Furry's
0 'Furry's is a favorite hangout of cadets downtown.
Hermit crabs are placed in & pen and pitted against one another in
races. Bets (usually the next round of drinks) are placed.
-Almost every cadet here knows about 0 Furry's.
SAMI (Saturday morning inspection).
This is the dreaded white glove inspection that occurs periodically
on Saturday mornings. Very thorough. Everything is subject to
inspection, from uniforms hanging in the closet to the number of
allowable pieces of memorabilia in the room.
Every graduate everywhere knows about "SAMI's".
Big Bad Basic
During Basic Cadet Training, new cadets compete against each other
with pugil sticks. The cadet who wins the most competitions is
called "Big Bad Basic." That term more or less sticks with the
cadet throughout his entire freshman year.
"Beast"
Another commonly used term referring to Basic Cadet Training.
Bold Gold
This is the motto for the Class of '91 whose class color is gold.
This could be tied into the new gold bar each graduate will wear.
Air Force Power Bar
This is a "candy" bar of sorts served at Mitchell Hall (dining
hall) that is very high in carbohydrates. It contains peanut
butter, chocolate, walnuts and other ingredients. When the freshmen
memorize the day's menu (which they must do daily), they must also
commit to memory this item and its ingredients by name.
Everyone knows about the Air Force Power Bar.
Could be tied to the new gold bar each graduate will receive. eg
from power bars to gold bars.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:45 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218;# 3
3.2 Beer in Arnold Hall
--Arnold Hall is the recreation/social center for cadets and is
heavily used by freshmen since they receive few passes to leave
campus. The rule used to be that freshmen could be served 3.2 beer
(low alcohol). This rule no longer applies. The class of '91 was
the last class allowed to drink 3.2 beer as freshmen.
SERE (pronounced "Seary")
--SERE stands for Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape. During
the program, cadets are taught different ways to survive after being
"shot down" over enemy territory and later captured.
--A phrase used over and over by cadet "trainers" posing as enemy
soldiers is "Stupid American," usually uttered with a thick, East
European accent.
--All cadets go through SERE. Say "Stupid American" with a European
accent to any cadet and he or she will immediately identify with
SERE and consider the person saying it as a fellow-grad or at least
someone in the know.
Mitchell Hall Rating of "Fast, Neat, Average, Friendly, Good, Good"
--During every morning and noon meal, the freshmen fill out Form 0-96
(Meal Acceptability Form) that asks questions about the meal and
service provided by the dining hall civilian staff. One form is
accomplished by all the freshmen at that table. The ratings are
given as: 1. Fast
2. Neat
3. Average
4. Friendly
5. Good
6. Good
--Nothing here at the Academy elicits more animated a form of
conversation than the food and service at Mitchell Hall. Spit out
the words "Fast, Neat, Average, Friendly, Good, Good" in rapid
staccato fashion and the cadet will immediately know you as
fellow-grad or brethren.
--According to initial reports, when one of our grads was shot down in
the Persian Gulf (Capt Scott Thomas) and was being rescued by a
fellow grad in the chopper, the pre-arranged code for identification
was the above rating. As the chopper neared and was within radio
contact, the chopper pilot uttered: "Fast, neat, average." Thomas
came back with "Friendly, Good, Good." NOTE: Suggest you hold up
on using this latter tidbit until WE can confirm. Then, too,
identification techniques used by combat pilots are usually
classified, lest they be picked up by enemy forces and used to lure
rescue forces into range of enemy groundfire.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:45 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218;# 4
Chicken Neck-Wringing Incident
During Air Force Academy-West Point football game in our own stadium
in October 1989, visiting West Point cadets released two live
chickens onto the field during halftime while our Falcons (school
mascot) were flying. The chickens were painted silver and blue (our
school colors).
Fearing that our falcons in the air would conceivably attack the
chickens, several cadets chased the chickens down and captured them.
In the heat of the moment, one cadet (a male cheerleader) tried to
wring the chicken's neck. He was unsuccessful. The chicken lived.
The cadet took some serious administrative hits. The Academy made
national media headlines.
Academy Victory over Ohio State in 1990 Liberty Bowl
Undersized, underskilled USAF Academy drubbed Big 10 football power
Ohio State 23-12 in Memphis' Liberty Bowl.
Saying going around like this: "What do Saddam Hussein and the Ohio
State Buckeyes have in Common? They both got their butts kicked by
the Air Force."
ACADEMY SUPPORT OF AREA YOUTH
Summer Scientific Seminar
For two weeks each summer, cadets conduct math and science workshops
for approximately 500 high school juniors and seniors from the
Pikes Peak region. Cadets stress math and science applications with
emphasis on space and flight technology (eg during workshop
students will build gliders as a way to illustrate different
aspects of astrophysics and aerodynamics).
Chemistry Olympiad
Six Academy chemistry instructors conduct two-week programs during
the summer whereby they teach chemistry to 22 high school students
from around the country. Students attend lectures and participate
in laboratory experiments. Of the 22 students, four are chosen to
attend the International Chemistry Olympiad.
Language Lab for Youth
--Beginning in the summer of 1990, the Academy began offering programs
to youngsters from throughout the U.S. whereby they come to the
Academy to learn a foreign language in our state-of-the-art language
learning center, which uses interactive video discs. Students are
housed and fed here.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:45
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 5
TRADITIONS
NOTE:
As the youngest of service academies, WE are not yet rich in
tradition. Following are a few:
Ring Dance
Annual dance for graduating seniors held during "June Week"
activities. Just held last week. An event in which seniors recieve
their class rings.
Tradition prohibits a senior from placing his/her own ring onto
finger. Ring is placed into & glass of beverage (usually beer, wine
or champagne). Glass is held to lips, beverage is drunk, ring is
caught in teeth by cadet, retrieved by cadet's date and placed on
ringifinger. Why? Who knows. As with most traditions, it just
started and has continued.
June Week
"June" Week is neither in June, nor is it B week. It's more like
two weeks and occurs in May.
In the early days of the Academy, graduation occurred the first week
of June. Now it occurs the last week of May. The many events
leading up to graduation (ring dance, grad parade, parents'
reception, etc.) start about two weeks prior to graduation.
The two weeks of activities are still traditionally referred to as
"June week."
Hat Toss
Upon dismissal by the commandant (the last event of graduation
ceremony, all graduating seniors toss their hats in the air.
Children are released on the field to grab these hats as souveniers.
Many cadets place a $1 dollar bill inside. Others place their names
and addresses with a note: "Return this hat and I'll pay you $xxx.
Tradition started with first class. A sponteneous form of
jubilation and relief.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:46 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 6
Flatiron (Spirit) Hill
A hill just west of the Academy grounds is shaped like a flatiron
and has been used by cadets since the first class as a location
for "spirit missions."
A spirit mission is one in which cadets will break curfew and engage
in some sort of tomfoolery (non-destructive and harmless) to show
spirit. The flatiron hill is visible from everywhere on the Academy
and therefore is perfect for this LISE. Cadets will steal away
during the night to spell out with big white rocks or white sheets
the number of their squadron (eg "38", "40", etc.).
During football season and the week preceding our games with West
Point Annapolis, our exchange cadets from Navy or Army will go
to flatiron and spell out "Army" or "Navy." Our cadets will go up
there and add the word "Beat." Army and Navy cadets return to
remove the word "Beat." And so on. This chicanery continues
throughout the week.
A cadet would refer to it as "going up to flatiron" or "going to
spirit hill."
Prop & Wings
Every freshman cadet receives a hat emblem (a set of wings crossed
by a propeller blade) when he or she first arrives. They are not
allowed to wear this emblem until they are "recognized."
"""Recognition" is = very big event with freshmen. The recognition
event occurs toward the end of the freshman year. This year it was
27 April. It is the event in which freshman are "recognized" as
real people...as official members of the cadet wing...as human
beings. They now have names and can actually call upper classmen by
their first names.
Throughout the year, the "prop and wings" emblem is carried by the
freshmen somewhere on their person. A freshman is never without
his/her "prop and wings." During the recognition ceremony, the
freshmen go through the solemn ceremony of pinning their "prop &
wings" onto their flight caps for the first time. Hand shakes all
around. Great jubilation.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:46 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 7
POTPUIRRI
SCHOLARSHIPS
More than 600 graduate scholarships (Hertz, Rhodes, Guggenheim,
etc.) have been awarded to Academy graduates during 32-year
history.
Class of '91 received 25 such scholarships, including two Rhodes
scholarships to graduating seniors: Christopher B. Howard and
Micul E. Thompson, Jr.
This is an extraordinary achievement for such a small school in
so short a time and exemplifies the strength of the Academy's
academic curriculum.
ALTIMETER CHECK
At any given time an upperclassman can challenge an underclassman
by asking for an "altimeter check."
-"Smith, give me an altimeter check." The response: "Sir, my
altitude is 7,250 feet above sea level--far, far above that of
West Point or Annapolis.'
MISSION OF U.S. AIR FORCE
--"To fly to fight...and to win."
HIGH TECHNOLOGY AT ACADEMY
Computers are integrated into virtually every aspect of a cadet's
intellectual and academic development.
Specialized interactive video disk laboratories provide state-of-the
art instruction in foreign language and other disciplines.
Cadets do much of their work on a computer, from writing a letter
home, working with a professor on a research project, to completing
in-depth library searches in a matter of minutes from the desk in
their dormitory rooms.
The in-house "Falcon Net" here at the Academy allows a cadet to tap
into the library, locate a book, see if it's available, reserve it
for pick-up, or get on a waiting list. The cadet can also tap into
a given professor's schedule and make an appointment. The cadet can
even call up the professor's outlined lesson plan for a class he/she
may have missed due to sickness, etc.
Every cadet has a computer at his/her dormitory desk. It saves
considerable time and footsteps, leaving more time for study.
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:47 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 8
ACADEMIC PROBATION
Commonly referred to as "ac pro." Someone on "ac pro" is someone
who failed to achieve at least a 2.0 grade point average for a
semester. Ac Pro forces a cadet to give up extra-curriculars and
buckle down.
HITS
When - cadet gets caught in a rules infraction, he or she receives
a "hit." The "nit" can result in demerits, tours, and restrictions
usually given out thusly: "I've just been given a 20-20 and 10."
(20 demerits, 20 tours, 10 weekend restrictions).
Demerits go on a ledger. When enough are there, it can result in a
number of things, not the least of which is tours or restrictions.
Tours. A "tour" is one hour of marching in a designated area while
carrying a rifle. This is done under supervision and is as total
waste of time. Since time is a valuable commodity here at the
Academy, a "tour" is a dreaded thing and usually sets a cadet back
in his studies.
--A restriction means a cadet cannot leave the Academy over the
weekend.
The President could say something like: "I wanted to bring John
Sununu with me, but he's received a 20-20 and 10 (for misuse of
Air Force airlift). He hopes to complete his tours by the time I
get back.
THE TERRAZO
This is the large area of marble and mortar in the heart of the
cadet area where daily formations and other activities take place
throughout a cadet's four years.
Freshman walking on the terrazo must never walk diagonally. They
must remain on the marble portions only, which forces them to walk
in straight lines and square every corner.
PERSIAN GULF WAR
USAFA GRADUATES -- KILLED OR CAPTURED
KIA: Maj. Paul J. Weaver
-- Class of '79 -AC-130
Capt. Patrick B. Olson
-- Class of '87 OV-10
Capt. Stephen R. Phillis
-- Class of '82 A-10
Capt. Jeffry Olson
-- Class of '86 B-52
NON-HOSTILE DEATH: Maj. Peter Hook
-- Class of '76
FORMER POW: Maj. Thomas E. Griffin, Jr.
-- Class of '79
-F-ISE
Capt. William F. Andrews
-- Class of '80
-
F-16
Capt. Harry M. Roberts
-- Class of '82
F16
1st Lt. Robert J. Sweet
-- Class of '88 - A-10
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:47 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:# 9
FAMOUS GRADUATES
GENERALS:
- George L. Butler, Commander-in-Chief, Strategic Air Command
- Hansford T. Johnson, Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Transportation
Command and Military Airlift Command
- John M. Loh, Gommander, Tactical Air Command
- Robert C. Oaks, Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Air Forces in Europe
- Ronald W. Yates, Commander, Air Force Systems Command
Lt Gen Bradley Hosmer, currently Air Force Inspector General and
next Superintendent, was top graduate from the first class (1959)
and first Rhodes Scholar from the Academy
ASTRONAUTS: Dozens of graduates have worked as astronauts,
engineers and mission support specialists for NASA, including
Space Shuttle commanders Colonel Dick Covey/'68 and Col Karol
Bobko/'59, the first graduate to enter the space program
VIETNAM HEROES: Countless graduates served heroically in
Vietnam--some of the best known are among the 141 graduates who
lost their lives in that war:
- 1st Lt Karl Richter/'64, the much decorated pilot who was
shot down on his 198th combat mission
- Medal of Honor winner Capt Lance Sijan/'65, a true profile in
courage who died as a prisoner of war in 1968-he suffered a
skull fracture and hand and leg injuries after parachuting from
his aircraft, evaded the enemy for 45 days, was captured,
escaped, recaptured and tortured by his captors, but never lost
his will to succeed
FEMALES: Since first being admitted to the Academy in 1976,
females have achieved the same levels of excellence
academically, militarily and athletically as their male
counterparts--two female graduates have served as cadet wing
commanders, one of them, Capt Michelle Johnson/'81, a Rhodes
Scholar, currently is in the Political Science Department and is
a T-41 instructor here--another Rhodes Scholar, Heather
Wilson/'82 works in the National Security Council
DESERT STORM: Five graduates died in the line of duty in the
Persian Gulf and four were prisoners of war-one of the downed
pilots who was rescued was former All-America football player
Capt Scott Thomas, who was recognized by the President
SENT BY:USAF ACADEMY CO.
; 4-29-91 ; 7:48 ;
MEDIA RELATIONS-
2024566218:#10
ATHLETICS
IMPORTANCE OF ATHLETICS: All cadets participate throughout the
school year in intercollegiate or intramural sports plus
complete physical education classes--the Academy believes
athletic participation is important because of its link to
leadership (cadets learn the significance of leadership,
teamwork, aggressiveness, winning)
SPORTS CELEBRITIES: No Academy graduate has ever played a
regular season game in major league baseball, the National
Football League, the National Basketball Association or the
National Hockey League--our graduates have been prepared to be
the warriors to defend the nation
Some of the Academy's most celebrated athletes include:
- Capt Alonzo Babers, Class of 1983, who won two gold medals in
the 1984 Olympics (400 meters and 4 X 400 relay)
- Four consensus football All-Americans (Brock Strom/'59, Ernie
Jennings/'71, Scott Thomas/'85, Chad Hennings/'88--Hennings also
is the Academy's only unanimous All-American and only Outland
Trophy winner, the only Outland Trophy winner from any service
academy in 40 years)
- 2nd Lt Dee Dowis, Class of 1990--155-pound quarterback who was
a Heisman Trophy contender
Most recent national champions (this academic year):
- Cadet Callie Calhoun, Division II women's cross country
- Cadets Kim Dornburg and Dawn Dishner, Division II women's
diving
COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF'S TROPHY-Named in honor of the President,
who is the Commander-in-Chief, the trophy is awarded to the
service academy with the best won-lost record in interservice
football competition--Air Force has won the trophy
symbolizing service academy football supremacy the past two
years and six of the past nine years--this year's football team
also won the Liberty Bowl, 23-11, against heavily-favored Ohio
State
AVADEMT
4-20-91 7.40
MEDIA RELATIONS-
20245662181#12
APR 26 '91 14:21 FROM PROJECT L.O.V.E.
PAGE. 002
PROJECT
April 26. 1991
ARMY-AIR
LOVE
OPERATION DESENT STORN
FINAL P. A. UPDATE
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
PROJECT L.O.V.E.: Colorado's first Welcome Home Festival
to honor and thank our Desert Storm
Troops and ALL OUR VIETNAM VETS.
PROJECT L.O.V.E., in cooperation with Heritage Square
Merchants, is proud to announce a Colorado tribute to ALL
our troops and their families Sunday, April 28, at Heritage
Square in Golden, Colo. (Rain date-May 5, 1991) Opens at
12 noon FREE ADMISSION Closes at 10 P.m.
There will be a short opening ceremony to Welcome ALL our
veterans home at 1 p.m. A full day of fun, activities for
both young and old alike. Door prizes awarded every hour
from 1 p.m. through 6 p.m. Reffle drawings beginning at 4
P.m. approximately 1 every 15 minutes, plus a super auction
beginning at 3 p.m. Among the items to be auctioned
include, compliments of
Continental
One Airline Can Make A Difference"
2 round-trip tickets to anywhere in the contigous United
States or for closer to home.
Bronco's coach Dan Reeves
ht Gov. and Mrs Mike Callihan
Overnight stay for 2 at the Scanticon Hotel/Resort
and much, much more.
The general public is asked to come out and show their
support. Health permitting, Blinky the Clown will be
available, SO parents, bring your cameras. The Deriver
Harley Owner's, Corvette Club, and the Model A Ford Club
will also participate to show their support.
There will be contests galore for both children and adults.
Kids, brush up on your Rap, 11p sinc, and dance and for
those with de more level head and mature mind, we have -
60's costume contest and twist contest. Orthopedic teams
may be standing by for those of US who thought we could but
found we shouldn't, tried but couldn't.
80219
(303)935-9351
FAX
(303)937-3878
Bob Semon/111/2 111½
For the last several years (including the current one), the
Defense Appropriations Act has included language which requires
the Navy to maintain the same number of people at the Memphis,
Tennessee, naval complex as there were in 1984. This in effect
makes Tennessee the only state in the Union with a legislated
minimum number of naval personnel -- and Tennessee is a land-
locked state!
05/20/91
11:30
2026978299
OASDLA
002
REFLECTIONS ON THE HASC AUTHORIZATION BILL
The defense budget submitted by Secretary Cheney and General Powell this past February is based
on an assessment of the recent dramatic changes in the world and the necessity to balance
military requirements and declining defense budgets.
Spending for Fiscal Year 1991 through 1995 is $131 billion less than estimated in last
year's spending plan.
The forces recommended in the plan are based on the Base Force developed by General
Colin Powell and the Joint Chiefs of Staff - the forces are affordable and will permit
the United States to respond to worldwide crises throughout this century.
The new era of defense austerity means that neither the Administration nor Congress can engage
in "business as usual."
The Department of Defense has instituted fundamental management reforms which will
save about $72 billion through Fiscal Year 1997.
In its review of the budget, it is essential that Congress avoid appeals to narrow
parochial interests national security priorities must remain the focus of debate
on the defense bill.
The spending plan makes cuts that will be painful to some.
Reductions in the size of the Active and Reserve Components of our military must
result in balanced and capable forces -- the HASC bill upsets this balance by cutting only
37,500 from the Reserve Components instead of the 107,500 requested by the
Pentagon. The Army will be deactivating Active divisions, but the National Guard
and Reserve support elements of those divisions will remain in-place.
Unneeded bases must be closed. The Base Realignment and Closure Commission is
currently examining the list of closure candidates recently submitted by the Department
of Defense.
Development and production of unneeded equipment must be terminated. The HASC
bill directs spending on systems which were not requested, such as the V-22 and the
F-14 Strikefighter. The bill also requires continued production of MI tanks, F-16
fighters, Patriot missiles, and AHIP helicopters. These additional tanks, missiles, and
airplanes are far in excess of what the department will need to support 10 fewer
Army divisions and 10 fewer fighter wings in 1997.
At the same time, priority spending must be protected.
The pay and benefits of our magnificent men and women must be protected. Planned
reductions in force must be handled carefully so as not to harm quality of life or
morale. HASC plans to cut four Active men and women for every Reservist will
divert scarce funds from the manpower and operations and maintenance
accounts.
05/20/91
11:31
2026978299
OASDLA
003
Strategic modernization must be continued SO that nuclear deterrence is preserved. The
HASC would halt production of the B-2 stealth bomber, even though two of the
lessons of the Gulf War are the value of strategic bombers and stealthy aircraft.
And, finally, we must continue to develop defenses against ballistic missiles. The HASC
slashes SDI spending from $4.5 to $2.7B and terminates the promising Brilliant Pebbles
program. The Gulf War proved the value of missile defense -- the HASC would
defend tactical targets, but not New York.
Every past attempt to shrink the size of the U.S. military establishment in a responsible manner
has failed. The forces remaining after World Wars I and II, Korea, and Vietnam were "hollow"
forces. Dick Cheney and Colin Powell have proved that they know what they are doing - their
spending plan deserves close attention.
John F. Kennedy, 1963
June 5 [221]
to cooperate in the future, as in the past, in
factory talks have contributed to closer
you will all
the attainment of these common objectives.
understanding between their two countries
: very good
President Kennedy and President Radha-
ng from a
and their two peoples.
krishnan consider that their highly satis-
out it shows
1 how much
220 Statement by the President on Equal Employment Opportunity
in Federal Apprenticeship and Construction Programs.
June 4, 1963
DENIAL of the right to work is unfair,
uniform. Accordingly, I shall shortly issue
regardless of its victim. It is doubly unfair
an Executive order extending the authority
: of the de-
to throw its burden most heavily on some-
of the Committee on Equal Employment
nt and the
one because of his race or color. I am today
Opportunity to include construction of build-
's territorial
directing the Secretary of Labor, in the con-
ings and other facilities undertaken wholly
improve the
duct of his duties under the Federal Appren-
or in part as a result of Federal grant-in-aid
within the
ticeship Act and Executive Order No. 10925,
programs.
nentary de-
to require that the admission of young work-
Unemployment among American Ne-
United States
ers to apprenticeship programs be on a com-
groes-and the resulting economic distress
the Govern-
pletely nondiscriminatory basis. In addition,
and unrest-pose serious problems in every
ted States in
I am asking that all Federal construction
part of the country. These problems can
d President
programs be reviewed to prevent any racial
be met in part by the measures I have recom-
id count on
discrimination in hiring practices, either di-
mended to advance the growth of the econ-
ve assistance
rectly in the rejection of presently available
omy to provide more jobs for all-and in
lopment and
qualified Negro workers or indirectly by the
part by the above and other measures to end
ir two coun-
exclusion of Negro applicants for apprentice-
job discrimination in this country.
concern to
ship training. Finally, although many con-
NOTE: The Committee on Equal Employment Op-
: aggression
struction programs undertaken by States,
portunity was established by Executive Order 10925
h Presidents
local governments, and private agencies par-
of March 6, 1961 (26 F.R. 1977; 3 CFR, 1961 Supp.,
of safeguard-
ticipating in Federal grant-in-aid programs
p. 86). On June 22, 1963, the President issued
e and terri-
contain nondiscrimination requirements,
Executive Order 11114 extending the Committee's
ace and sta-
practices and enforcement have not been
authority to include Federally-assisted construction
contracts (28 F.R. 6485; 3 CFR, 1963 Supp.).
he world.
e admiration
great accom-
and for the
22I Remarks at Colorado Springs to the Graduating Class of
displayed by
the U.S. Air Force Academy.
June 5, 1963
spressed the
General, Secretary Zuckert, General LeMay,
"Dear Sir:
generous as-
Members of the Congress, Mr. Fraser, fellow
"Would you desire to become an honorary
States to the
graduates:
member of the Air Force Cadet Wing for
heir develop-
I want to express my appreciation for
granting one small favor? Your name, Mr.
d the dedica-
becoming an instant graduate of this acad-
Salinger, shall become more hallowed and
emy, and consider it a high honor.
revered than the combined memories of
use of peace
Mr. Salinger, Press Secretary of the White
Generals Mitchell, Arnold, and Doolittle.
They are con-
House, received the following letter several
"My humble desire is that you convey a
will continue
days ago:
request from the Cadet Wing to the Presi-
439
[221] June 5
Public Papers of the Presidents
dent. Sir, there are countless numbers of
and more challenging than the careers of the
our group who are oppressed by Class 3
last 40 years.
punishments, the bane of cadets everywhere.
For some of you will travel where no man
The President is our only hope for salvation.
has ever traveled before. Some of you will
By granting amnesty to our oppressed
fly the fastest planes that have ever been built,
brethren, he and you could end your anguish
reach the highest altitudes that man has ever
and depression.
gone to, and lift the heaviest payloads of any
"Please, sir, help us return to the ranks of
aviator in history. Some of you will hold
the living so that we may work for the New
in your hands the most awesome destructive
Frontier with enthusiasm and vigor."
power which any nation or any man has
It is signed "Sincerely, Cadet Marvin B.
conceived. Some of you will work with the
Hopkins," who's obviously going to be a
leaders of new nations which were not even
future General.
nations a few years ago. Some of you will
As Mr. Salinger wants to be honored with
support guerrilla and counter-guerrilla oper-
Generals Mitchell, Arnold, and Doolittle,
ations that combine the newest techniques of
I therefore take great pleasure in granting
warfare with the oldest techniques of the
amnesty to all those who not only deserve it,
jungle, and some of you will help develop
but need it.
new planes that spread their wings in flight,
It is customary for speakers on these occa-
detect other planes at an unheard of distance,
sions to say in graduating addresses that
deliver new weapons with unprecedented
commencement signifies the beginning in-
accuracy, and survey the ground from in-
stead of an end, yet this thought applies with
credible heights as a testament to our strong
particular force to those of you who are
faith in the future of air power and the
graduating from our Nation's service acad-
manned airplane.
emies today, for today you receive not only
I am announcing today that the United
your degrees, but also your commissions,
States will commit itself to an important
and tomorrow you join with all those in the
new program in civilian aviation. Civilian
military service, in the foreign service, the
aviation, long both the beneficiary and the
civil service, and elsewhere, and one million
benefactor of military aviation, is of neces-
of them serve outside our frontiers who have
sity equally dynamic. Neither the eco-
chosen to serve the Great Republic at a
nomics nor the politics of international air
turning point in our history. You will have
competition permits us to stand still in this
an opportunity to help make that history-
area. Today the challenging new frontier
an opportunity for a service career more
in commercial aviation and in military avia-
varied and demanding than any that has
tion is a frontier already crossed by the mili-
been opened to any officer corps in the history
tary-supersonic flight. Leading members
of any country.
of the administration under the chairman-
There are some who might be skeptical
ship of the Vice President have been consid-
of that assertion. They claim that the future
ering carefully the role to be played by the
of the Air Force is mortgaged to an obsolete
National Government in determining the
weapons system, the manned aircraft, or that
economic and technical feasibility of an
Air Force officers of the future will be noth-
American commercial supersonic aircraft,
ing more than "silent silo sitters," but noth-
and in the development of such an aircraft
ing could be further from the truth. It is
if it be feasible.
this very onrush of technology which de-
Having reviewed their recommendations,
mands an expanding role for the Nation's
it is my judgment that this Government
Air Force and Air Force officers, and which
should immediately commence a new pro-
guarantees that an Air Force career in the
gram in partnership with private industry to
next 40 years will be even more changing
develop at the earliest practical date the proto-
440
John F. Kennedy, 1963
June 5 [221]
type of a commercially successful supersonic
nuclear deterrents cannot be shrugged off
the careers of the
transport superior to that being built in any
as stalemate, for our national security in a
other country of the world. An open, pre-
period of rapid change will depend on con-
el where no man
liminary design competition will be initiated
stant reappraisal of our present doctrines,
Some of you will
immediately among American airframe and
on alertness to new developments, on imag-
e ever been built,
powerplant manufacturers with a more de-
ination and resourcefulness, and new ideas.
S.AI.
hat man has ever
tailed design phase to follow. If these initial
Stalemate is a static term and not one of you
t payloads of any
phases do not produce an aircraft capable of
would be here today if you believed you were
of you will hold
transporting people and goods safely, swiftly,
entering an outmoded service requiring only
:some destructive
and at prices the traveler can afford and the
custodial duties in a period of nuclear stale-
or any man has
airlines find profitable, we shall not go
mate.
ill work with the
further.
I am impressed by the extraordinary scho-
:h were not even
But if we can build the best operational
lastic record, unmatched by any new college
Some of you will
plane of this type-and I believe we can-
or university in this country, which has been
er-guerrilla oper-
then the Congress and the country should
made by the students and graduates of this
est techniques of
be prepared to invest the funds and effort
Academy. Four Rhodes scholarships last
chniques of the
necessary to maintain this Nation's lead in
year, two this year, and other selected
vill help develop
long-range aircraft, a lead we have held
scholarships, and also your record in the
: wings in flight,
since the end of the Second World War, a
graduate record examination makes the peo-
eard of distance,
lead we should make every responsible effort
ple of this country proud of this Academy
1 unprecedented
to maintain. Spurred by competition from
and the Air Force which made it possible.
ground from in-
across the Atlantic and by the productivity
This country is proud of the fact that
ent to our strong
of our own companies, the Federal Govern-
more than one out of five of your all-mili-
power and the
ment must pledge funds to supplement the
tary faculty has a doctor's degree, and all
risk capital to be contributed by private
the rest have master's degrees. This is what
that the United
companies. It must then rely heavily on
we need for leadership in our military serv-
to an important
the flexibility and ingenuity of private en-
ices, for the Air Force officer of today and
iation. Civilian
terprise to make the detailed decisions and
tomorrow requires the broadest kind of
eficiary and the
to introduce successfully this new jet-age
scholarship to understand a most complex
tion, is of neces-
transport into worldwide service, and we
and changing world. He requires under-
either the eco-
are talking about a plane in the end of the
standing and learning unmatched in the days
international air
60's that will move ahead at a speed faster
before World War II. Any graduate of this
tand still in this
than Mach 2 to all corners of the globe.
Academy who serves in our Armed Forces
ng new frontier
This commitment, I believe, is essential to a
will need to know economics and history,
in military avia-
strong and forward-looking Nation, and in-
and international affairs, and languages.
ssed by the mili-
dicates the future of the manned aircraft
You will need an appreciation of other
eading members
as we move into a missile age as well.
societies, and an understanding of our own
T the chairman-
The fact that the greatest value of all of
Nation's purposes and policy.
ave been consid-
the weapons of massive retaliation lies in
General Norstad's leadership in NATO,
e played by the
their ability to deter war does not diminish
General Smart's outstanding tour of duty
determining the
their importance, nor will national security
as the senior military representative in Japan
easibility of an
in the years ahead be achieved simply by
are examples of Air Force officers who use
ersonic aircraft,
piling up bigger bombs or burying our mis-
their broad talents for the benefit of our
such an aircraft
siles under bigger loads of concrete. For in
country. Many of you will have similar op-
an imperfect world where human folly has
portunities to represent this country in nego-
commendations,
been the rule and not the exception, the surest
tiations with our adversaries as well as our
his Government
way to bring on the war that can never hap-
friends, working with international orga-
ence a new pro-
pen is to sit back and assure ourselves it
nizations, working in every way in the hun-
ivate industry to
will not happen. The existence of mutual
dred free countries around the globe to help
al date the proto-
44I
[221] June 5
Public Papers of the Presidents
them maintain their freedom. Your major
all of the decisions which we now face
responsibilties, in the final analysis, will re-
today will come in increased numbers in the
late to military command. Some of you may
months and years ahead.
be members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and
I want to congratulate all of you who have
participate as advisers to the President who
chosen the United States Air Force as a
holds office.
career. As far as any of us can now see
Last October's crisis in the Caribbean
in Washington in the days ahead, you will
amply demonstrated that military policy and
occupy positions of the highest responsibility,
power cannot and must not be separated
and merely because we move into a chang-
from political and diplomatic decisions.
ing period of weapon technology, as well as
Whatever the military motive and implica-
political challenge, because, in fact, we move
tions of the reckless attempt to put missiles
into that period, there is greater need for
on the island of Cuba, the political and psy-
you than ever before. You, here today on
chological implications were equally im-
this field, your colleagues at Omaha, Ne-
portant. We needed in October-and we
braska, or at Eglin in Florida, or who may
had them and we shall need them in the
be stationed in Western Europe, or men who
future, and we shall have them-military
are at sea in ships hundreds of miles from
commanders who are conscious of the enor-
land, or soldiers in camps in Texas, or on
mous stakes in the nuclear age of every
the Island of Okinawa, they maintain the
decision that they take, who are aware of
freedom by being on the ready. They main-
the fact that there are no purely political
tain the freedom, the security, and the peace
decisions or purely military decisions; that
not only of the United States, but of the
every problem is a mixture of both, men who
dozens of countries who are allied to us who
know the difference between vital interests
are close to the Communist power and who
and peripheral interests, who can maneuver
depend upon us and, in a sense, only upon
military forces with judgment and precision,
us for their freedom and security. These
as well as courage and determination, and
distant ships, these distant planes, these
who can foresee the effects of military action
distant men keep the peace in a great half-
on political policy. We need men, in short,
circle stretching all the way from Berlin to
who can cope with the challenges of a new
South Korea. This is the role which history
political struggle, an armed doctrine which
and our own determination has placed upon
uses every weapon in the struggle around the
a country which lived most of its history in
globe.
isolation and neutrality, and yet in the last
We live in a world, in short, where the
18 years has carried the burden for free peo-
principal problems that we face are not sus-
ple everywhere. I think that this is a burden
ceptible to military solutions alone. The role
which we accept willingly, recognizing that
of our military power, in essence, is, there-
if this country does not accept it, no people
fore, to free ourselves and our allies to pursue
will, recognizing that in the most difficult
the goals of freedom without the danger of
time in the whole life of freedom, the United
enemy attack, but we do not have a separate
States is called upon to play its greatest role.
military policy, and a separate diplomatic
This is a role which we are proud to accept,
policy, and a separate disarmament policy,
and I am particularly proud to see the United
and a separate foreign aid policy, all un-
States accept it in the presence of these young
related to each other. They are all bound
men who have committed themselves to the
up together in the policy of the United
service of our country and to the cause of
States. Our goal is a coherent, overall, na-
its freedom. I congratulate you all, and
tional security policy, one that truly serves
most of all, I congratulate your mothers and
the best interests of this country and those
fathers who made it possible.
who depend upon it. It is worth noting that
Thank you.
442
MAY 15 '91 09:19 ASD FM&P 78256
P.1
111 DE
THE OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20301-4000
MAY 15 A10: 50
FORCE MANAGEMENT
DATE: 15 May 91
AND PERSONNEL
TELEFAX COMMUNICATIONS
TELEFAX NUMBER: (202) 456-6218
DELIVER TO: MR. BOB SIMON,
WHITE HOUSE SPEECH OFFICE
NUMBER OF PAGES (INCLUDING COVER): 15
SENT FROM: COL WALT FEREUSON, ODASD (MMPP)
TELEFAX PHONE NUMBER: (703 697-8256
CONFIRMATION NUMBER: (703) 697-1508
AUTOVON: 227-1508
MESSAGE: MR. SIMON, ATTACHED IS A copy OF STATEMENT
PROVIDED By LT6 DON JONES IN TESTIMONY To SAC DEFENSE
Suscomm, TTEE Just YESTERDAY ON THE ALL- VOLUNTEER FORCE.
IT IS BEING RELEASED BOAY. BELIEVE IT HAS ALL THE
DATA + INFO you ARE LOOKING FOR - - MAY JUST WANT TO
CMT THROUGH THE VERDAGE, 5TC. IF IT DOESN'T SATISFY
Your NEEDS PLEASE CALL. PLEASE VERIFY RECEIPT OF THIS
As WELL TO MYSELF OR CAPTAIN JOE RAPONE, (703)697-1877
For Correspondence Control Use Only:
Date Telefaxed
Time Telefaxed
Initials
Confirmation:
MAY 15 '91 09:19 ASD FM&P 78256
P.2
ted to the defense of our country and its basic principles. The
recent, highly successful Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm
exemplified this. Once again, there is a strong sense of pride and
dignity in the military profession.
HEALTH OF THE VOLUNTEER FORCE
Despite over 17 years of success with the volunteer force, the
notion of returning to conscription continues to receive some inter-
est. It was a major topic of discussion during the early stages of
Operation Desert Shield, but interest in a draft waned with the
success of Operation Desert Storm. Typically, criticism of the
volunteer force stems from the mistaken belief that a draft will
produce a higher quality, more representative, and less expensive
force. In the next several pages, I would like to address these
concerns with the Committee, and reinforce the Department's commit-
ment to the voluntary system as the preferred method of raising
military manpower.
Recruit Quality
A common misconception is that we could improve recruit quality
by returning to conscription. There is no evidence to support this
assertion. In fact, we have improved recruit quality under the
volunteer concept and, for the last several years, have far exceeded
recruit quality experienced during the draft era. Table 1 contrasts
volunteer force recruit quality with both quality achieved during
-2-
MAY 15 '91 09:20 ASD FM&P 78256
P.3
conscription and the average of the youth population from which we
recruit.
Table 1
Quality of Non-Prior Service Enlisted Accessions (Percentage)
Fiscal Year
Draft
Volunteer Force
Youth
64-73*
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
Population
DoD
HSDG
71
61
69
77
68
86
93
92
93
95
75
AFQT I-III**
80
90
95
71
65
85
91
96
95
97
69
*
Annual average. The highest high school diploma graduate (HSDG)
percent during this period was 78 percent in FY 1966 and the
highest AFQT I-III proportion was 86 percent in FY 1973.
** Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) Categories I-III average or
above in trainability
Categories
II+V are considered
sub-par
Simply recruiting sufficient numbers is not enough in today's
military environment. For the last several years, the Military
Services have placed a great deal of emphasis on recruiting high-
quality people demanded by modern, high-technology weapons and
support systems. Historically, the Services have used two measures
of recruit quality: educational level and scores on the Armed Forces
Qualification Test (AFQT).
Possession of a high school diploma has been the best single
predictor of successful adjustment to military life. A high school
diploma graduate has almost an 80-percent chance of completing his or
her initial term of service compared with a 60-percent probability
for the nongraduate. Enlisted accessions with high school diplomas
increased from 71 percent during the draft era to 95 percent in FY
-3-
MAY 15 '91 09:20 ASD FM&P 78256
P.4
1990. This improvement in quality is particularly impressive consid-
ering that only 68 percent of our accessions had high school diplomas
as recently as 1980.
The second measure of recruit quality refers to performance on
the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT). For reporting purposes,
scores on the test are grouped into five categories. People in
Categories I and II are above average in trainability and could
qualify for admission to most colleges; those in Category III are of
average trainability; persons in Category IV are below average; and
individuals in Category V are well below average and, by law, are
ineligible to enlist.
During the draft era, the proportion of new recruits scoring
average or above (Categories I-III) was 80 percent. In FY 1990, 97
percent of our new recruits scored at this level. Again, while this
is a large improvement over the quality of the draft era, it is all
the more dramatic since only 65 percent of new accessions scored in
this range in 1980.
Clearly, the quality of recruits has varied substantially over
time. Periods of excellent recruiting (e.g., FY 1975-76 and 1982-90)
produced higher quality personnel than during the draft era. Diffi-
cult recruiting periods, such as FY 1977-80, were caused by erosions
in military pay and benefits and dramatic reductions in recruiting
resources. This period was characterized by manpower shortages and
-4-
MAY 15 '91 09:21 ASD FM&P 78256
P.5
reduced recruit quality. However, our 17-year experience with the
volunteer force offers conclusive evidence that, given fair and
competitive compensation and adequate recruiting resources, we have
attracted higher quality volunteers than those conscripted during the
draft era.
Social Representation
Another common misconception is that a volunteer force is
comprised primarily of individuals from lower socioeconomic levels.
Recent press articles, in fact, have incorrectly characterized the
socioeconomic and minority composition of the military. This section
addresses that issue.
Many assertions about the socioeconomic status (i.e., "class"
composition) of the military are based on impressions and anecdotes
rather than on quantifiable data. However, the facts show that
enlisted military members come from backgrounds that are only
slightly lower in socioeconomic status than the national average.
In a recent study, conducted between April and September 1989,
we surveyed over 10,000 recruits in basic training and asked ques-
tions about their socioeconomic backgrounds. We learned that the
majority of recruits' parents had a high school education or better,
were married, owned their own homes, and were employed. The conten-
tion that the enlisted force is recruited primarily from the lower
socioeconomic strata of society is not supported by the facts.
-5-
MAY 15 '91 09:21 ASD FM&P 78256
P.6
A look at parents' education (Tables 2 and 3) reveals that
parents of military enlistees have educational levels comparable to
parents of civilian youth.
Table 2
Education of Male Parents for FY 1989 NPS Recruits,
with Parents of Civilian Youth (PCY)
(Percent at Each Education Level)
Highest
Level of
Marine
Air
Education
Army
Navy
Corps
Force
DOD
PCY
Less than
HS Grad.
24
24
24
16
23
19
HS Graduate
35
34
36
36
35
36
Some College 1/
23
23
21
27
23
18
College Grad.
18
19
18
21
19
26
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
Columns may not add to totals due to rounding
1/ i.e., no 4-year degree
Table 3
Education of Female Parents for FY 1989 NPS Recruits,
with Parents of Civilian Youth (PCY)
(Percent at Each Education Level)
Highest
Level of
Marine
Air
Education
Army
Navv
Corps
Force
DoD
PCY
Less than
HS Grad.
22
20
20
15
20
19
HS Graduate
40
41
44
44
41
44
Some College
25
26
22
27
25
20
College Grad.
13
14
14
14
14
16
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
Columns may not add to totals due to rounding
-6-
MAY 15 '91 09:21 ASD FM&P 78256
P.7
While recruits' parents included proportionately fewer college
graduates and more individuals with less than a high school diploma
than parents of civilian youth, these differences were not signifi-
cant. Moreover, for parents who graduated from high school but did
not hold a college degree, recruits' parents were more likely to have
had some college than were the parents of civilian youth.
Occupational status of enlisted recruit and civilian parents was
examined across 13 major census categories, and appears in Table 4.
Table 4
Percent of Parents in Each Occupational Category by Gender,
with Parents of Civilian Youth (PCY)
Male Parents
Female Parents
Occupation
DOD
PCY
DoD
PCY
Executive, Admini-
strative, Managerial
12
18
8
11
Professional
8
13
13
15
Technical
3
2
4
3
Sales
8
11
11
10
Clerical, Admini-
strative Support
5
4
29
29
Protective Services
4
3
1
1
Other Services
4
4
21
16
Farming, Forestry,
Fishing
3
4
1
1
Precision Production
26
22
3
3
Machine Operators
9
8
8
8
Transportation
10
8
1
1
Handlers, Helpers,
Laborers
3
4
2
2
Military
3
*
*
*
* Less than one percent
-7-
MAY 15 '91 09:22 ASD FM&P 78256
P.8
In general, occupational distributions for recruit and civilian
parents were similar. Not surprisingly, fathers of recruits were
more likely to be military members than were fathers of civilian
youth.
Most recruits are young men and women who have chosen the
military, rather than college, as their first step after high school.
The majority are probably entering the military as an alternative to
the civilian workforce. Many, attracted by military education
benefits, are interested in attending college later, but cannot
afford it at present. Recruits include sizable numbers of middle and
upper middle class youth who have decided to enlist, deferring their
college plans.
Perfect demographic representation would exist, in theory, if
military manpower were made up of persons who exactly replicated the
national population in terms of race, gender, geographic and social
origin. In the 1960s, the public had begun to question the demo-
graphic composition of the Armed Services, and during Vietnam, the
Selective Service System came under attack for deferment policies
which favored affluent whites. More recently, critics of the volun-
teer force have charged that the white upper middle class and upper
class may not be doing their part for defense.
Another frequent criticism of the volunteer military is that it
is disproportionately composed of minorities who unfairly bear the
-8-
MAY 15 '91 09:22 ASD FM&P 78256
P.9
burden of war. Those who are opposed to Black overrepresentation
assume that service in the military is onerous. Evidently, Black
members disagree. Not only do Blacks voluntarily enlist, their
reenlistment rates are higher than the rates for whites. The Black
representation data are informative. In FY 1990, Blacks comprised
22.9 percent of our enlisted active force (Table 5), compared to 12
percent in the national 18 to 44 year-old population. Our officer
force is composed of approximately 7 percent Blacks.
Table 5
Blacks as a Percentage of Active Duty Enlisted End Strength
by Service and Total DoD, Selected Fiscal Years
Service
Fiscal
Marine
Air
Year
Army
Navy
Corps
Force
DoD
1975
22.2
8.0
18.1
14.6
16.1
1977
25.5
8.5
17.3
14.6
17.4
1980
32.9
11.5
22.4
16.2
21.6
1983
31.4
12.8
20.5
16.8
21.5
1986
29.6
14.2
20.5
17.2
21.2
1989
31.2
16.9
20.7
17.3
22.3
1990
32.1
17.7
20.7
17.6
22.9
In FY 1990, Blacks comprised 20.7 percent of non-prior service
enlisted accessions, compared to 13.9 percent in the 18 to 24 year-
old population. Since the implementation of the volunteer military
in 1973, Black participation has steadily increased, from both a
recruiting and retention perspective. Table 6 shows non-prior
service enlisted accessions for selected fiscal years between 1975
and 1990.
-9-
MAY 15 '91 09:23 ASD FM&P 78256
P.10
Table 6
Blacks as a Percentage of Non-Prior Service Accessions
by Service and Total DOD, Selected Fiscal Years
Service
Fiscal
Marine
Air
Year
Army
Navy
Corps
Force
DoD
1975
20.0
6.6
17.2
11.4
14.8
1977
29.4
10.7
20.5
11.1
20.0
1980
29.9
13.4
23.3
15.0
22.1
1983
22.0
14.2
17.1
14.3
17.9
1986
22.3
17.3
17.2
13.9
19.0
1989
26.3
21.5
17.6
12.2
21.5
1990
25.2
21.0
17.5
12.3
20.7
Other ethnic groups (e.g., Hispanics, Native Americans) are
underrepresented in the military. In FY 1990, Hispanics represented
6.9 percent of non-prior service accessions compared to 11 percent in
the civilian population of enlistment age.
Changing the racial or ethnic mix of the military would require
the use of quotas by race or ethnicity. Under our current system of
voluntary enlistments, the Services make no attempt to regulate the
minority or socioeconomic characteristics of new recruits. They do
not use social or demographic criteria for enlistment. Enlistment
standards are designed to ensure that the best qualified applicants
are accepted.
The military offers challenges, compensation, responsibility,
and opportunities for service which are based on merit, not member-
ship in a specific racial or ethnic group. Regrettably, equal
opportunity is not always a reality in the civilian sector. On the
-10-
MAY 15 '91 09:23 ASD FM&P 78256
P.11
other hand, the Department's equal opportunity success is attested to
by the presence of significant numbers of minority members.
We plan to continue to offer military opportunities to those who
volunteer and qualify--regardless of race or ethnicity. Our mission
is to fill the ranks with those persons whose educational attainment
and aptitude scores predict that they will be successful and produc-
tive Service members.
Costs of the Volunteer Force
Since the inception of the volunteer military, critics have
voiced concern over its cost. Despite the criticism, there is no
evidence that return to a draft would save money. Analysts have been
trying for years to quantify the true costs of the volunteer force.
The fundamental problem is determining how much of the military
manpower cost growth is attributable to the volunteer system versus
normal manpower cost increases over time.
While it is true that manpower costs have increased since the
beginning of the volunteer military, they have only increased
slightly in real growth (1 percent or about $900 million between FYs
1974 and 1990). The growth is from force structure changes,
1
added programs such as the Variable Housing
Allowance (VHA), and enhanced special pay and allowances. In actual-
ity, increases in military pay from 1977 to 1990 are approximately
9-percent less than the increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
-11-
MAY 15 '91 09:24 ASD FM&P 78256
P.12
and 6.5-percent less than the increase in the private sector compo-
nent of the Economic Cost Index (ECI) over the same period. Further-
more, factors leading to increased military pay can be traced to
actions taken prior to the volunteer era:
Introduction of the "comparability" pay principle for Federal
civilian employees in the early 1960s resulted in pay
increases for the decade that were greater than those in the
private sector;
Beginning of annual pay raises for career military personnel in
1963 and for recruits in 1966;
The Rivers Amendment of 1967, requiring that future military
pay increases be equal (in terms of percentages) to those of
Federal civilian employees; and
Large "catch-up" pay raises for career military personnel in
1967-69, resulting from the linkage to Federal civilian
raises.
This is not intended as an all-inclusive list of factors that
affected Defense manpower compensation costs over the years. Rather,
it illustrates that increasing manpower costs are a result of many
policy decisions prior to the beginning of the All-Volunteer Force,
and would have occurred, to some degree, even under a draft system.
These policy decisions recognized the right of military members to
-12-
MAY 15 '91 09:24 ASD FM&P 78256
P.13
fair and competitive compensation, whether volunteer or conscript.
For example, the Gates Commission, in recommending transition to a
volunteer force, argued vigorously that the pay discrimination
against junior military personnel should be eliminated for equity
reasons alone -- whether or not the draft was ended.
Despite the argument for fair and equitable pay for military
personnel, many critics still believe that Defense manpower costs
have grown too much --- more than they would have under a draft
system. This notion, however, fails to consider that personnel costs
in the public and private sectors have also increased over the last
several years. In fact, since 1980 the growth in wages and salaries
in the private sector is about the same as that for the Defense
Department. Compensation in the business sector between 1980 and
1990 increased by 88 percent as represented by the Employment Cost
Index. Average Regular Military Compensation for all DoD, a measure
of military wages per capita, increased by 84 percent. Therefore,
pay and allowances under the volunteer concept are clearly in line
with wage and salary changes in the public and private sectors during
this period. In addition, this period included a military "catch-up"
raise to make up for earlier pay caps in the late 1970s.
In an effort to quantify the relative cost issue, the Department
developed a methodology for analyzing the costs of returning to a
draft versus maintaining the volunteer system. The study assumed
lower recruit quality than we are accessing today and a larger
-13-
MAY 15 '91 09:24 ASD FM&P 78256
P.14
first-term cohort, with associated reductions in the size of the
career force. The study found no apparent cost savings in returning
to conscription; in fact, given the assumptions of the study, a draft
could cost an additional $.5 billion to $2.5 billion yearly.
In 1987, the General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted a review
of returning to a draft in lieu of the All-Volunteer Force. In the
study, the GAO analyzed budgetary impacts of choosing between draft
and volunteer systems for raising U.S. Armed Forces. The GAO con-
cluded that if new enlistee pay was significantly reduced and the
force size remained constant, the draft could result in considerable
savings, but those savings would not be realized for many years.
Moreover, the savings would be achieved at the price of significantly
reduced active duty force effectiveness because of the replacement of
experienced personnel with 2-year conscripts. The GAO believed that
measures to offset the loss of force effectiveness could make the
draft more costly than the current volunteer force.
Under the draft, a larger total force would be needed to produce
the equivalent effectiveness of the volunteer force. This is because
the draft would require a larger number of accessions, since draftees
would have shorter initial enlistment periods than volunteers.
Consequently, a larger portion of the force would be involved in
overhead activities such as participating in or conducting formal and
informal training, traveling to a first assignment, or supervising
less experienced personnel.
-14-
MAY 15 '91 09:25 ASD FM&P 78256
P.15
In addition, conscripts are less likely to reenlist. During the
draft, first-term reenlistment rates for conscripts were about 10
percent compared to approximately 50 percent for today's volunteers.
Therefore, the level of experience in the force would decrease
significantly. The GAO study concluded that under a draft, 237,000
first-term personnel would be substituted for careerists. As a
result, the career force would decrease by 26 percent, and the number
of people in the first 2 years of service would increase by 51
percent.
In evaluating force effectiveness and potential cost, the GAO
assumed the draft would produce a force with as many "effective"
members as the volunteer force as opposed to being equal in number.
The longer the period needed to become fully effective, the larger
the estimate of the additional personnel required under the draft.
When a 24-month criterion is used, the GAO analysis indicates a
conscripted force of about 2.4 million is required to produce the
same number of effective personnel as a volunteer force of 1.85
million. As a consequence, the estimated budgetary cost savings
associated with the draft diminish and eventually disappear. Using
the 24-month criterion, the volunteer force is less expensive than
the draft by about $2.6 billion.
Clearly, returning to an unpopular draft system in order to
achieve uncertain budget savings would be ill-advised.
-15-
PAGE
5
5TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format.
Copyright (c) 1991 Reuters
February 28, 1991, Thursday, AM cycle
LENGTH: 549 words
HEADLINE: IRAQI GUNS POINTED TO SEA FOR ASSAULT THAT NEVER CAME
BYLINE: By Rodney Pinder
DATELINE: KUWAIT CITY
KEYWORD:
GULF-KUWAIT-IRAQIS
BODY:
A detailed Iraqi plan for the defense of Kuwait City, laid out on a
room-sized terrain model left behind by the retreating occupiers, suggested they
were equipped with chemical weapons and mistakenly expected assault from the
sea.
The huge model on the floor of a school assembly hall used as a command
center attests to allied assertions that the Iraqis were fooled into looking the
wrong way.
The model showed all the Iraqi guns pointed to the sea when allied invasion
forces attacked from the land to the rear.
"They were like the British at Singapore in World War II when all their guns
pointed seaward and the Japanese seized the colony from the land," said an
American soldier.
"The Iraqis were expecting an amphibious assault and WE tricked them into
believing that with exercises along the Gulf coast."
The detailed battle plan, showing positions of all Iraqi forces in the Kuwait
City area, indicated the defenders were equipped with chemical weapons.
Tiny flags pinned on several positions carried the inverted crossed spoons
symbol, the standard NATO designation for chemical weapons.
"They clearly had the chemical arms there ready," said the soldier, Cpl.
Matthew Robbins, of the U.S. 2nd Reconnaissance Force, who was one of the first
four U.S. soldiers to enter Kuwait Tuesday.
The elaborate battle model of Kuwait City was meticulously created from
sand - plain for land and blue for water, with terrain molded in- and it
covered an area 26 feet by 40 on the floor of the school, next to the U.S.
embassy in the city center.
A podium alongside had chairs neatly placed for Iraqi officers to sit at and
review their battle plans.
The display was marked out in squares to scale, with red wooden strips to
denote highways, model tanks and artillery pieces, plastic blocks of various
LEXIS® NEXIS® LEXIS® NEXIS® ®
Services of Mead Data Central
PAGE
6
(c) 1991 Reuters, February 28, 1,991
color denoting major buildings and coils of wire strung around the seashore,
whose beaches are still sown with mines.
Every tank and artillery piece, from the desert outskirts of the capital to
the seashore, faced the Persian Gulf. Not a single piece in the display- left. in
immaculate, undisturbed condition by the occupiers as they withdrew- pointed in
the direction from which the allied armies actually came.
Huge red arrows indicating the expected allied onslaught swooped toward shore
from deep in the Gulf.
"They anticipated an amphibious assault that never came," said Robbins,
from Hallowell, Maine. "All the guns faced the sea, where we had made all our
feints.
"We would never have hit this city from the sea, head on," he added. "There
was enough damage caused here already by the Iraqis."
Robbins said the terrain map was impressive, as good as an allied
equivalent but bigger than normally used by Western armies.
He added a retreating Western army would never have left such a thing intact.
"They left nothing disturbed. If it had been us this room would have been
sterile," he said.
Dirty and weary, he said he had the impression ordinary Iraqi soldiers, who
according to many witnesses indulged in widespread looting before retreating
without a fight, appeared to have been sloppy and undisciplined.
Evidence of a hasty retreat was outside the British embassy nearby, where
Iraqi soldiers had lived in tiny guard posts made of stone blocks and flimsy
plywood.
LEXIS
NEXIS®
NEXIS
Don Pilling 6923
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
2n the past few years, the Sove
have been imodemizing their
strategic forces by producing and
hiplogin six
land-based and sea lanched
strategic ballistic misiles and
two strubegic bonders with
souise missiles. w.rl fine (5)
new strategic missils in demlar
the Soriets are well
prepared for a new round
strategic malemizition later
in the 1990, although current
political and economic disruptions
could affect their about to
carry out these programs,
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:42
P.01
TELECOPIER
HEADER
TO: MR BDB Simon
PHONE: 202-456-7750
CASE CONSISTS OF 13 PAGES
REMARKS:
FOR YOUR INFO!
FROM: LTC BOLSMAN
PHONE: 703-695-0640
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:42
P.02
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
LOCATION
416 BMW
10/10 B-52
COL MICHAEL F. LOUGHRAM
GRIFFISS AFB
/14 KC-135
2 BMW
11/11 B-52
COL RONALD C. MARCOTTE
BARKSDALE AFB
15 KC-10
3 KC-135
93 BMW
19/19 B-52
COL EUGENCE J. FAMULARE
CASTLE AFB
134 AREFG(ANG) 4/4 KC-135E COL FREDERICK FORSTER
KNOXVILLE
141 AREFW (ANG) 7/7 KC-135E BGEN DENNIS B. HAGUE
FAIRCHILD, WA
17 SW
3/6 TR-1
COL CHARLES W. HINKLE
RAF ALCONBURY
55 SRW
4/7 RC-135
COL THOMAS F. ATKINSON
OFFUTT
160 AREFG(ANG) 10/10 KC-135E COL RICHARD J. SEIDT
RICKENBACKER, OH
?
366 TFW
17/17EF-111A COL VICTOR C. ANDREWS
MT HOME
RF
17/17
VIA WT PAT
37 TFW
14/42 F-117 COL ALTON C. WHITLEY, JR.
TONAPAH
24/42
VIA LANGLEY
34/42
42/42
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:42
P.03
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
67 TRW
6/12 RF-4C
COL MICHAEL C. SHORT
BERGSTROM
12/12
136 TAW (ANG)
BG DAVID J. RIST
DALLAS, TX
8/8 C-130
913 TAG (AFRES)
8/8 C-130E
LCOL SCOTT R. NICHOLS
WILLOW GROVE, PI
50 TFW
24/24 F-16C/D
COL GEORGE W. NORWOOD
HAHN
375 MAW
COL ROBERT J. BOOTS
SCOTT
4/8 C-21
10 TFW (RF)
COL JAMES C. EVANS
ALCONBURY
7/18 A-10
169 TFG
24/24 F-16
LT COL JERRY H. RISHER
MCENTIRE, S.C.
602 TACW
12/12 OA-10
COL HOWARD B. BARNARD III
DAVIS-MONTHAN
BG MICHAEL S. HALL
SYRACUSE, N.Y.
174 TFW (ANG)
18/18 F-16
374 TAW
8 C-130E
COL GEORGE R. DURHAM, JR.
YOKOTA
463 TAW
COL ROBERT A. MAGUIRE, JR.
DYESS
8 C-130H
OH
907 TAG (AFRES)
8/8 C-130E
COL WALTER T. HATCHER III
RICKENBACKER, (
7 BMW
COL JULIAN B. (J.B) HALL
CARSWELL, TX
3 KC-135
139 TAG (ANG)
COL ROBERT L. BIEHUNKO
ST JOE, MO
8 C-130
97 BMW
6/6 B-52
COL GEORGE I. CONLAN
EAKER AFB
7 KC-135
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:42
P.04
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
LOCATION
305 ARW
12 KC-135
COL RUSSELL A. RINKLIN, JR
GRISSOM
410 BMW
6 KC-135
COL JOHN E. FRISBY
K.I. SAWYER
166 TAG (ANG)
8 C-130
COL JAMES V. DUGAR
WILMINGTON, DE
380 BMW
15 KC-135
COL J. PAUL MALANDRINO, JR
PLATTSBURGH
19 ARW
14 KC-135
COL ROBERT A. PLEBANEK
ROBINS
68 ARW
17 KC-10
COL NORMAN F. RATHJE
SEYMOUR-JOHNSON
926 TFG
18 A-10
COL BOBBY L. EFFERSON
NEW ORLEANS
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
LOCATION
306 SW
EC-135
COL JACK O. FOLEY
RAF MILDENHALL
KC-135
28 BMW
5/10 KC-135
COL CHARLES R. HENDERSON
ELLSWORTH
319 BMW
8 KC-135
COL JOSEPH c. KINEGO
GRAND FORKS
340 ARW
8/8 KC-135
COL JOHN R. CLAPPER
ALTUS
96 BMW
12 KC-135
COL WILLIAM J. EHRIE
DYESS
92 BMW
17 KC-135
COL ARNOLD L. WEINMAN
FAIRCHILD
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:43
P.05
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
LOCATION
22 ARW
3/13 KC-10
COL WILLIAM J. COBB
MARCH
384 BMW
5/5 KC-135
COL JOHN C. MANGELS
MCCONNELL
5 BMW
7 KC-135
COL DAVID L. YOUNG
MINOT
6 SW
RC-135
COL WILLIAM G. MANIRE, JR
EIELSON
376 SW
KC-135
COL GERALD M. BEVERLY
KADENA
302 TAW(AFRES)
C-130B
COL ROBERT J. WINNER
PETERSON
940 AREFG (AFRES) 7/7 KC-135E COL DONALD E. SCHELL
MATHER
916 AREFG(AFRES) KC-10
COL JOHN J. BATBIE, JR.
SEYMOUR-JOHNSON
315 MAW(ASSOC)
C-141
COL ROBERT B. STEPHENS
CHARLESTON
512 MAW(ASSOC)
C-5
COL DAVID J. STANLEY
DOVER
514 MAW(ASSOC)
C-141
COL JAMES D. COPENHAVER
MCGUIRE
445 MAW(ASSOC)
C-141
COL MICHAEL R. LEE
NORTON
446 MAW(ASSOC)
C-141
COL CLAYTON T. GADD
MCCHORD
349 MAW(ASSOC)
C-5
COL KEITH T. REILING
TRAVIS
459 MAW(AFRES)
C-141
COL JAMES E. SEHORN
ANDREWS
433 MAW(AFRES)
C-5
COL MICHAEL J. QUARNACCIO
KELLY
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:43
P.06
TYPE ACFT NAME
LOCATION
MAW(AFRES)
C-5
BG FREDERICK D. WALKER
WESTOVER, MA
AW(AFRES)
C-130H
BG JACK W. BLAIR, JR.
DOBBINS
TAG (AFRES)
C-130H
LCOL THOMAS W. SPENCER
MAXWELL
TAG(AFRES)
C-130H
COL CHRISTOPHER M. JONIEC
GREATER PITTSBURGH
TAW(AFRES)
C-130H
COL TERRY G. WHITNELL
GENERAL MITCHELL IAP, WS
TAG(AFRES)
C-130H
COL JON S. GINGERICH
O'HARE ARFF, IL
AREFG(ANG)
7 KC-135
BG DENNIS B. HAGUE
FAIRCHILD, WA
TAG (ANG)
C-130
COL JAMES V. DUGAR
NEW CASTLE, DE
TAIRCW
TACC
COL THOMAS A. OWENS
SHAW AFB
:CW
ASOC
COL KENNETH R. REYNOLDS
[AG
1 C-20
COL JAMES M. MURPHY
RAMSTEIN
W
C-141B
COL MICHAEL J. MCCARTHY
MCCHORD
W
C-141B
COL ROBERT F. NEAL
NORTON
W
C-141B
COL WILLIAM J. BEGERT
TRAVIS
C-5
AW
C-141B
COL JOHN W. HANDY
CHARLESTON
MAY-21-91 - TUE 12:44
P.07
UNIT
TYPE ACFT
NAME
LOCATION
438 MAW
C-141B
COL KIRBY A. WOEHST
MCGUIRE
443 MAW
C-141B
COL WALTER S. HOGLE, JR.
ALTUS
C-5
436 MAW
C-5A/B
COL MICHAEL A. MOFFITT
DOVER
101 AREFW
4/4 KC-135
BG NICHOLAS EREMITA
BANGOR, ME
128 AREFG
7/7 KC-135
COL EUGENE A. SCHMITZ
MILWAUKEE, WI
151 AREFG
2/2 KC-135
LT COL GORDON J. HILL
SALT LAKE CITY, UT
157 AREFG
1/1 KC-135
COL JOSEPH K. SIMEONE
PEASE AFB, NH
161 AREFG
1/1 KC-135
COL WILLIAM R. SCHERER
PHOENIX, AZ
170 AREFG
1/1 KC-135
COL JAMES MCINTOSH
MCGUIRE AFB, NJ
105 MAG
C-5A
COL PAUL A. WEAVER, JR.
STEWART, NY
172 MAG
C-141B
COL SHELLIE M. BAILEY, JR.
JACKSON, MS
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
LOGISTICS
38 APS (AFRES)
MAJ COMPTON
CHARLESTON, SC
164 MAPS (ANG)
LT COL DAN COKER
MEMPHIS, TN
513 ACCW
COL HOWARD W. GUILES
RAF MILDENHALL, UK
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:44
P.08
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
MEDICAL
USAF MED CTR
COL JOHN. A. ANDERSON
WRIGHT-PATTERSON, OH
11 CONT HOSP
COL JAMES T. TURLINGTON
LACKLAND AFB, TX
12 CONT HOSP
COL RALPH J. LUCIANI
TRAVIS AFB, CA
13 CONT HOSP
COL GERALD N. BART
SCOTT AFB, IL
DAVID GRANT HOSP COL ROBERT W. GILMORE
TRAVIS AFB, CA
MALCOLM GROW MED BG ROBERT W. POEL
ANDREWS AFB, MD
MED CTR SCOTT
COL PAUL K. CARLTON
SCOTT AFB, IL
WILFORD HALL MED MGEN VERNON CHONG
LACKLAND AFB, TX
KEESLER TTC MED COL BARRY H. THOMPSON
KEESLER AFB, MS
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
TAC CONTROL
507 (TAIRCW)
COL THOMAS A. OWENS
SHAW AFB, SC
601 TCW
COL KENNETH R. REYNOLDS
SEMBACH AB, GE
8 ASOG
COL FREDERICK J. ZEHR
KELLY BARRACKS
MOEHRINGEN GE
APO NEW YORK 09107
MAY-21-91 - TUE 12:44
P.09
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
SECURITY POLICE
AFLC
2849 SPS
COL WILLIAM R RAHTER
HILL AFB, UT
2849 ABG/CC
2853 SPS
COL LAWRENCE A. STONE
ROBINS AFB, GA
2853 ABG/CC
2854 SPS
COL JOHN R. CLARK
TINKER AFB, OK
2854 ABG/CC
AFRES
301 SPF
BG WILLIAM LAWSON
CARSWELL AFB, TX
301 TFW/CC
924 SPF
BG WILLIAM LAWSON
BERGSTROM AFB, TX
301 TFW/CC
926 SPF
BG WILLIAM TRACY
NEW ORLEANS, NAS
917 TFW/CC
AFSC
3201 SPS
COL BRUCE E. MARSHALL
EGLIN AFB, FL
3200 SPTW/CC
3245 SPS
COL THOMAS D. MCGURK
HANSCOM AFB, MA
3245 ABG/CC
6500 SPS
COL JOHN D. RHODES
EDWARDS AFB, CA
6500 ABW/CC
6570 SPS
COL TED OWNBY, JR.
BROOKS AFB, TX
6570 ABG/CC
AFSPACECOM
4392 SPG
COL ORLANDO C SEVERO, JR
VANDENBERG AFB, CA
WSMC/CC
ATC
82 SPS
COL KURT B. ANDERSON
WILLIAMS AFB, AZ
82 FTW/CC
47 SPS
COL WILLARD GROSVENOR
LAUGHLIN AFB, TX
47 FTW/CC
14 SPS
COL JAMES L. HIGHAM
COLUMBUS AFB, MS
14 FTW/CC
71 SPS
COL DONALD F. CRAIGIE
VANCE AFB, OK
71 FTW/CC
323 SPS
COL JOHN R. MORRISON
MATHER AFB, CA
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:45
P.10
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
SECURITY POLICE (CON'T)
64 SPS
COL WILLIAM C. HENNY
REESE AFB, TX
64 FTW/CC
3700 SPS
MG DAVID C. REED
LACKLAND AFB, TX
AFMTC/CC
3415 SPS
MG FRED R. NELSON
LOWRY AFB, CO
LOWRY TTC/CC
MAC
1776 SPS
COL JAMES H. WHITE
ANDREWS AFB, MD
1776 ABW/CC
436 SPS
COL MICHAEL A. MOFFITT
DOVER AFB, DE
436 MAW/CC
438 SPS
COL KIRBY A. WOEHST
MCGUIRE AFB, NJ
438 MAW/CC
60 SPS
COL WILLIAM J. BEGERT
TRAVIS AFB, CA
60 MAW/CC
437 SPS
COL JOHN W. HANDY
CHARLESTON AFB, SC
437 MAW/CC
317 SPS
COL MAXWELL c. BAILEY
POPE AFB, NC
317 TAW/CC
1606 SPG
COL EDWARD S. BRANNUM
KIRTLAND AFB, NM
1606 ABW/CC
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:45
P.11
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
SECURITY POLICE (CON'T)
MAC (CON'T)
443 SPS
COL WALTER S. HOGLE, JR.
ALTUS AFB, OK
443 MAW/CC
62 SPS
COL MICHAEL J. MCCARTHY
MCCHORD AFB, WA
62 MAW/CC
834 SPS
COL DONALD A. STREATER
HURLBURT FLD, FL
834 ABW/CC
63 SPS
COL ROBERT F. NEAL
NORTON AFB, CA
63 MAW/CC
NGB
112 SPF
COL JOHN R. PFALZGARF
GREATER PITTSBURGH IAP, PA
112 TFG/CC
121 SPF
BG GORDON M. CAMPBELL
RICKENBACKER ANGB, OH
121 TFW/CC
122 SPF
COL HUBERT J. SPIER, JR
FT. WAYNE MUN APRT, IN
122 TFW/CC
127 SPF
BG DAVID T. ARENDTS
SELFRIDGE ANGB, MI
127 TFW/CC
131 SPF
BG JAMES H. RENSCHEN
BRIDGETON, MO
131 TFW/CC
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:45
P.12
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
SECURITY POLICE (CON'T)
NGB (CON'T)
140 SPF
COL MASON c. WHITNEY
BUCKLEY ANGB, CO
140 TFW/CC
150 SPF
COL THOMAS P. WITTMAN
KIRTLAND AFB, NM
150 TFG/CC
186 SPF
COL FREDERICK D. FEINSTEIN MERIDIAN, MS
186 TRG/CC
PACAF
15 SPS
COL DONALD A. LYON
HICKMAN AFB, HI
15 ABW/CC
475 SPS
COL JAMES D. LATHAM
YOKOTA AB, JA
475 ABW/CC
633 SPS
COL GEORGE DE GOVANNI
ANDERSEN AFB, GUAM
633 ABW/CC
SAC
812 SPG
BG THAD A. WOLFE
ELLSWORTH AFB, SD
HQ SWC/CC
842 SPG
BG PATRICK P CARUANA
GRAND FORKS AFB, ND
42 AD/CC
416 SPS
COL MICHAEL F. LOUGHRAN
GRIFFIS AFB, NY
416 BMW/CC
MAY-21-91 - TUE 12:45
P.13
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
SECURITY POLICE (CON'T)
SAC (CON'T)
351 SPG
COL MICHAEL J. ROGGERO
WHITEMAN AFB, MO
351 SMW/CC
90 SPG
COL RICHARD L. FARKAS
F.E. WARREN AFB, WY
90 SMW/CC
341 SPG
BG TEDDY E. RINEBARGER
MALMSTROM AFB, MT
341 SMW/CC
857 SPG
BG MARK H. LILLARD III
MINOT AFB, ND
57 AD/CC
TAC
836 SPS
BG EUGENE D. SANTARELLI
DAVIS-MONTHAN AFB, AZ
836 AD/CC
833 SPS
BG TRAVIS E. HARRELL
HOLLOMAN AFB, NM
833 AD/CC
832 SPS
BG RALPH J. BROWNING
LUKE AFB, AZ
832 AD/CC
554 SPG
MG BILLY G. MCCOY
NELLIS AFB, NV
USAFTFWC/CC
325 SPS
MG RICHARD M. PASCOE
TYNDALL AFB, FL
USAFADWC/CC
USAFE
40 SPS
COL THOMAS K. SPEELMAN
AVIANO AB, IT
40 TSW/CC
66 SPS
COL JOHN R. FUHRMANN
SEMBACH AB, GE
66 ECW/CC
TMW/GD
487 TMS
COL CLARENCE E.OLSCHNER III COMISO AS, IT
487 TMW/CC
MAY-21-91 TUE 12:46
P.14
UNIT
NAME
LOCATION
COMMUNICATION
1ST CMBT CONT GP COL KEITH F. POCH
LINDSEY AS, GE ARRIVED
162ND CMBT CONT LT COL RICHARD L. TESTAF
3900 ROSEVILLE RD
GP (ANG)
N. HIGHLANDS
ANGS, CA 95660-5794
226TH CMBT CONT COL CECIL W. MARTY
MARTIN ANGS
GP (ANG)
GADSEN, AL
35901-9709
Oval Office 5/20/91
/. can it be 15 mim. - 8 pages
2. don't touch on arms control - save it
especially Mid-East
Bangladesh Heleiopter carrier aren't you missing
"No, we saving lives have"
home ?
need more ancedotes
can criticize congress, on buse closings
need the kind of force that responded in Gulf
"Conguss has a right to oversight, but we
don't want them to int - -pich
on the defense budget
"ain power performed superbly" in the Gulf
6m, Mc Peak - - predicted exactly what would
happen
Outline, U.S. Air Force Academy Address
I.
American Leadership
A.
Action neither unilateral nor isolationist -- instead,
we are called upon for steady hands and staying power.
B.
In E. Europe, Soviet Union, Middle East -- need for
cooperative arrangements (and economic & technical
assistance) to cement alliances and promote regional
stability.
C.
The demise of the declinists and ascendance of
patriotism.
sito right + appropriate
D.
Tribute to the troops [perhaps include humanitarian
role w/Kurds, Bangladesh]
"don't overdue it."
CHopper carrin
but people should feel good on it.
II. The Changing Challenge [Threats]
political
not polamed any more
A.
Move from Superpower polarization to outlaw regimes.
Soviets still arms superpower
B.
Need for agility and responsiveness to unpredictable
regional crises.
Birtish give
C.
May prove to be the greatest impetus in this century credit
for meaningful cooperation (United Nations) -- the
crucial importance of collective will. Gates: NWO
III. Enduring Military Strength, Future Military Structure
A.
Defense Priorities: the Budget ("my program") --
reasoned, reasonable, the minimum essential. Pass it.
B.
Gulf lessons learned:
1)
Patriot; S.D.I. & need for missile defense
2)
Vindication of Air Power; Stealth technology
C.
Most fundamental: people. Today's military the best
educated, most motivated in history. Not simply as
warriors, but world leaders.
D.
In the next American century: U.S.A.F. Academy
graduates' leadership.
Draft Speech Insert
I must tell you that I am very disappointed with the House of
Representatives actions on this year's Defense Authorization
Bill.
My budget, my defense program, recognizes that we can make cuts
because of the historical and dramatic changes in the
international security environment. It recognizes that we must
make cuts to meet our own fiscal goals.
The cuts I've proposed are, quite literally, draconian.
Virtually every military unit and every defense program will be
affected to some degree. Some units will be disbanded, some
bases closed, and some programs cancelled. Virtually every state
and every congressional district will see the effects. But there
is no alternative if we are to fashion a defense program that is
tailored to the new world order.
The defense budget I put forward is a logical, coherent program,
designed for maximum effectiveness and efficiency within the
available resources. The House bill would unravel the logic of
the program; killing the B-2 that is so vital to our new security
objectives, emasculating our ability to develop and deploy
strategic defenses; and preventing needed reductions in the Guard
and Reserve. At the same time, the House bill would force us to
buy expensive and unneeded aircraft and other weapons which I
never requested.
This is not the time for business as usual. This is no time for
pork-barrel politics. Make no mistake -- I will veto a bill that
does not allow us to meet today's defense needs or our future
challenges.
Mark -
The President
will Sign - veto
Letter today on the
HASC bill.
Above a suggested addto
the peach. use as you
See for
John Gordon x 3330