Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323153448
label
Dolmabahce Palace - Turkey 7/21/91 [OA 8325] [1]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323153448
contentType
document
title
Dolmabahce Palace - Turkey 7/21/91 [OA 8325] [1]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13765-002
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323153448
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
fc7d136cc6b464c9
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13765
Folder ID Number:
13765-002
Folder Title:
Dolmabahce Palace - Turkey 7/21/91 [OA 8325] [1]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
21
5
4
Tomg
United States Department of State
Washington, D.C. 20520
UNCLASSIFIED
MEMORANDUM FOR BRENT SCOWCROFT
THE WHITE HOUSE
Subject:
Draft Remarks for President's Public Statements
Attached are proposed remarks for the President's meeting
in Turkey with the American community, his arrival statement,
and the major policy speech he will deliver in Istanbul.
Attachment: as stated
UNCLASSIFIED
Drafted: EUR/SE: DMRAnsom/BITurne
her.
SESE 6666, 15 Jun 91, x7-6114
Pres. Remarks to American Community
Cleared: EUR:RRJohnson
S/P:JHughes
C:MFoulon
P:CvanVoorst,
20
EUR/PA:MPearson
UNCLASSIFIED
PROPOSED REMARKS
FOR THE AMERICAN COMMUNITY
WHENEVER I VISIT AN EMBASSY THESE DAYS I AM REMINDED OF MY
OWN DAYS AS AN AMBASSADOR-- I KNOW FROM PERSONAL EXPERIENCE WHAT
IT TAKES TO MAKE A VISITOR FROM WASHINGTON FEEL WELCOME. I
ALSO KNOW HOW MUCH MORE EFFORT IT TAKES WHEN THE VISITOR IS A
PRESIDENT, AND FOR THAT YOU HAVE, WELL, MY SYMPATHY-BUT ALSO
MY THANKS AND MY ADMIRATION.
LET ME BE CLEAR: EVERY MAN AND WOMAN EMPLOYED IN THIS
EMBASSY, BOTH AMERICAN AND TURKISH, CAN TAKE SATISFACTION THAT
THE VISITOR WHO IS TALKING TO YOU RIGHT NOW FEELS VERY WELCOME,
AND FEELS THAT EVERY MINUTE OF HIS VISIT WILL BE USEFUL AND
ENJOYABLE.
I AM ALSO KEENLY AWARE THAT FOR THE LAST YEAR THIS EMBASSY
HAS BEEN WORKING AT FULL TILT--ALL THE COMPLICATED AND
EXTRAORDINARY EFFORTS TO BRING IN A US MILITARY FORCE THAT
CONTRIBUTED so MAGNIFICENTLY TO THE DEFEAT OF SADDAM'S MILITARY
AFTER IT INVADED KUWAIT. I SEE MANY PROUD MEMBERS HERE TODAY
FROM OUR MILITARY, STANDING TALL, AS WELL YOU SHOULD, AND I
KNOW THAT MANY OF YOU ARE FROM THE CRACK FORCE THAT CAME BACK
TO TURKEY, AFTER THE WAR ENDED, WHEN SADDAM USED THE REMNANTS
OF HIS MILITARY TO DRIVE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF CIVILIANS
FROM THEIR HOMES. IT IS A REMARKABLE FACT THAT YOUR EFFORTS--
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
-1-
ALONG WITH THOSE OF THOUSANDS OF TURKISH AIRMEN AND SOLDIERS--
HAVE HELPED GET THESE UNFORTUNATE REFUGEES OUT OF THE MOUNTAINS
AND BACK TO THEIR HOMES. I SALUTE YOU.
IN THESE TWO OPERATIONS, DESERT STORM AND PROVIDE COMFORT,
WE SHOWED THE WORLD WHAT TURKISH-US COOPERATION CAN DO--AND IN
THE PROCESS CREATED SOME IMPORTANT STRATEGIC FACTS FOR THE
FUTURE. THE EMBASSY HERE HAS BEEN IMAGINATIVE AND TIRELESS IN
ORCHESTRATING ALL THIS, AND I HAVE THE HONOR TO CITE YOUR
EXCEPTIONAL SERVICE AND ANNOUNCE THAT THE STATE DEPARTMENT HAS
AWARDED THE SUPERIOR HONOR AWARD TO THE EMBASSY AS A WHOLE--
AND HAS AWARDED TO AMBASSADOR ABRAMOWITZ THE DISTINGUISHED
HONOR AWARD.
MORT, YOU ARE RETIRING IN A FEW DAYS, AFTER REACHING THE
HIGHEST RANK IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE: CAREER AMBASSADOR. YOU
ARE GOING ON TO A POSITION OF GREAT INFLUENCE AND HONOR--THE
HEAD OF THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE. YOU
WILL LEAVE HERE IN TURKEY MANY FRIENDS--FROM THE PRESIDENT ON
DOWN--BUT YOU CAN CONSOLE YOURSELF WITH THE THOUGHT THAT WHEN
YOU GET TO WASHINGTON YOU WILL FIND MANY FRIENDS THERE--FROM
THE PRESIDENT ON DOWN, I MIGHT ADD.
MORT, CONGRATULATIONS TO YOU, AND TO YOUR ABLE AND
HARD-WORKING STAFF.
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
-2-
FINALLY, I WANT TO EXPRESS MY APPRECIATION FOR THE
SACRIFICES EACH AND EVERY ONE OF FOREIGN SERVICE AND
MILITARY PERSONNEL, SPOUSES AND CHILDREN- HAVE MADE TO
REPRESENT THE UNITED STATES OVERSEAS. I REALIZE YOU WOULD NOT
BE HERE TODAY IF YOU DID NOT DERIVE GREAT SATISFACTION FROM
SERVING YOUR COUNTRY AND HELPING GIVE SHAPE TO THE HISTORY OF
OUR TIME. ON THE OTHER HAND, I KNOW IT CAN BE TOUGH AT
TIMES--WHAT WITH THE LONG HOURS, DEPLOYMENTS TO THE MOST REMOTE
CORNERS OF TURKEY, LIVING CONDITIONS SOMETIMES BORDERING ON
HARDSHIP, THE THREAT OF TERRORISM--NOT TO MENTION THE STRAIN OF
BEING FAR-REMOVED FROM FAMILY AND FRIENDS BACK HOME. ALL OF
YOU CAN LOOK WITH PRIDE AT YOUR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OVER THE LAST
YEAR, AND I HOPE YOU WILL CONCLUDE- AND I AM CONFIDENT YOU
WILL--THAT THE SACRIFICES WERE WORTH IT.
I LOOK FORWARD TO MY VISIT HERE IN TURKEY, AND HOPE THAT IT
WILL HAVE A FAVORABLE IMPACT ON THE FUTURE COURSE OF
U.S.-TURKISH RELATIONS. IT IS THE RESULT OF YOUR HARD WORK AND
TIRELESS DEDICATION, AND I WANT YOU TO KNOW HOW MUCH I
APPRECIATE THE EFFORTS OF EACH AND EVERY ONE OF YOU.
UNCLASSIFIED
Drafted:
SESE 6664, 15 Jun 91, x7-6114
President's Arrival Statement - Ankara
Cleared: EUR:RRJohnson
P:CvanVoorst
EUR/PA:MPearson DAV
C:MFoulon
S/P:JHughes
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
CONFIDENTIAL
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
DECL: 6/22/91
By Run NARA, Date 11/01/04
PROPOSED ARRIVAL STATEMENT FOR THE PRESIDENT
MR. PRESIDENT, YOUR EXCELLENCIES, MY FRIENDS:
I AM MOST GRATEFUL FOR THE WARM WELCOME YOU HAVE EXTENDED
TO ME AND MY PARTY, AND AM EXTREMELY PLEASED TO BE ABLE TO
VISIT TURKEY WITH ITS DYNAMIC, RICH HISTORY AND TRADITIONS.
THE LAST US PRESIDENT TO VISIT TURKEY WAS DWIGHT
EISENHOWER. WHEN HE ARRIVED IN ANKARA IN 1959, HE SAID HE
WANTED TO TALK ABOUT A "WORLD OF PLENTY IN WHICH ALL NATIONS
CAN LIVE -- INDEPENDENT AND PROSPEROUS, AT PEACE WITH THEIR
NEIGHBORS." THESE SENTIMENTS ECHOED THE WORDS OF YOUR GREAT
STATESMAN, KEMAL ATATURK-- "PEACE AT HOME, PEACE ABROAD," A GOAL
TOWARD WHICH ALL NATIONS SHOULD STRIVE.
I ARRIVE TODAY TO SAY THAT, THROUGH A STRONG ALLIANCE, HARD
WORK AND FIRM VALUES, ALL OF THE WEST -- -- AND ESPECIALLY THE
PROUD AND ABLE TURKS -- -- HAVE NOT JUST PROSPERED GREATLY BUT
ALSO SUCCEEDED IN MOVING FROM A COLD WAR TO A WARM PEACE.
THESE ARE GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS, AND THE LONDON SUMMIT I HAVE
JUST ATTENDED CONFIRMS MY BELIEF THAT FREE MEN IN BOTH THE EAST
AND THE WEST CAN COOPERATE FOR A STABLE PEACE AND GREATER
PROSPERITY.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-2-
THAT'S WHAT I WANT TO TALK ABOUT WITH YOU, PRESIDENT OZAL:
THE COMING ERA. WHEN I REFLECT ON ALL THE YEARS SINCE MY
ILLUSTRIOUS PREDECESSOR VISITED TURKEY, AND ESPECIALLY ON THE
TUMULTUOUS YEAR JUST PASSED, I SEE THE COMING ERA AS ONE OF
ESPECIALLY CLOSE COOPERATION BETWEEN TURKEY AND THE UNITED
STATES.
THANK YOU FOR THIS WARM RECEPTION. I KNOW, ALREADY, THAT I
AM AMONG FRIENDS AND ALLIES. I LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING MORE OF
THIS IMPORTANT, BEAUTIFUL AND HISTORIC LAND AND PEOPLE.
CONFIDENTIAL
Drafted: EUR/SE: GMStaples
Las.
SESE 6643, June 13, 1991, x7-6114
President's Speech - U.S.-Turkish Relations
Cleared: EUR: JFDobbins
EUR/SE: DMRansom
EUR/SE: PCollins
P: CvanVoorst
C:MFoulon
S/P: JHughes/DWagher
EUR/PA:MPearson
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
CONFIDENTIAL
By Rune NARA, Date 11/09/04
DECL: 6/22/91
PROPOSED REMARKS FOR THE PRESIDENT
U.S.-TURKISH RELATIONS
MR. PRESIDENT, DISTINGUISHED GUESTS:
LET ME EXPRESS AGAIN HERE TONIGHT ON BEHALF OF EVERYONE IN
OUR PARTY OUR SINCERE APPRECIATION FOR THE OUTPOURING OF WARMTH
AND AFFECTION WE HAVE RECEIVED DURING OUR VISIT. I COULD NOT
HELP THINKING DURING MY TOUR TODAY OF THE BLUE MOSQUE, AYA
SOFIA, AND THE TOPKAPI PALACE OF THE HISTORY THAT SURROUNDS
THESE SITES AND INDEED ALL OF TURKEY. HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY
HAVE MADE TURKEY AN INTERNATIONAL CROSSROADS, WITH A GLORIOUS
PAST AND A DAZZLING FUTURE.
WE MEET TONIGHT IN A WORLD CHANGED BY THE EVENT OF THE PAST
TWO YEARS. FOR OVER FORTY YEARS, THE UNITED STATES AND TURKEY
SUCCEEDED IN SAFEGUARDING THE FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE
NATIONS OF THE WESTERN ALLIANCE. IN THE LAST TWO YEARS, WE
REAPED THE REWARD OF OUR VIGILANCE BY WITNESSING THE FALL OF
THE IRON CURTAIN AND THE FREEDOM OF THE NATIONS OF EASTERN
EUROPE. THE WARSAW PACT HAS BEEN DISSOLVED AND NATIONS THAT
WERE ONCE OUR ENEMIES HAVE BECOME OUR FRIENDS. WE HAVE
SUPPORTED THE DRAMATIC CHANGES SWEEPING EASTERN EUROPE
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-2-
AND THE SOVIET UNION. AT THE SAME TIME, WE RECOGNIZE THAT
TENSIONS ARE INEVITABLE WHEN COUNTRIES MUST SUDDENLY RESHAPE
THEIR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS, NOT TO MENTION THE
IDEOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF THEIR ENTIRE WAY OF LIFE. THE
UNITED STATES HAS SOUGHT TO FORGE NEW ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL
TIES IN THIS ENVIRONMENT THAT WILL STRENGTHEN THE BONDS OF
FRIENDSHIP WITH THESE EVOLVING SOCIETIES, MUCH AS TURKEY HAS
DONE.
AS PART OF ITS EFFORT TO IMPROVE RELATIONS WITH THE SOVIET
UNION, TURKEY HAS TAKEN BOLD STEPS SUCH AS ITS BLACK SEA
COOPERATION INITIATIVE. THIS WILL ENCOURAGE THE MUTUALLY
ADVANTAGEOUS EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES AS WELL AS GREATER
ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE AMONG THE PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES
WHICH SURROUND THIS IMPORTANT BODY OF WATER. TURKEY'S EFFORTS
TO INCREASE TRADE WITH THE SOVIET REPUBLICS, PARTICIPATE IN
CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGES, AND, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH
ARMENIA, OPEN ITS BORDERS TO FACILITATE TRADE AND POLITICAL
EXCHANGES ARE EXAMPLES OF A NEW DETERMINATION BY SO MANY
NATIONS TODAY TO ENRICH THEIR TIES WITH THEIR NEIGHBORS TO
AVOID THE MISUNDERSTANDINGS OF THE PAST THAT HAVE LED TO
CONFLICT.
THESE POSITIVE, INNOVATIVE STEPS BY TURKEY IN ITS
RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SOVIET UNION AND ITS BALKAN NEIGHBORS
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-3-
STAND, HOWEVER, IN SHARP CONTRAST TO THE ACTIONS OF TURKEY'S
NEIGHBOR TO THE SOUTH - IRAQ. SADDAM HUSSEIN'S BRUTAL INVASION
OF KUWAIT LAST AUGUST 2 PROMPTED AN UNPRECEDENTED RESPONSE BY
THE WORLD COMMUNITY. TURKEY PLAYED A PIVOTAL ROLE, BY FIRST
SHUTTING DOWN THE IRAQI OIL PIPELINE AND BANNING CROSS BORDER
TRADE. THESE STEPS, AT GREAT ECONOMIC COST, WERE KEY TO THE
SUCCESSFUL ENFORCEMENT OF UN SANCTIONS AGAINST THE IRAQI
REGIME. THE U.S. IN TURN, SOUGHT ASSISTANCE FOR TURKEY FROM
ALLIES WHO PLEDGED AID TO REIMBURSE TURKEY FOR THE LOSSES IT
SUFFERED FROM ENFORCING SANCTIONS.
IN JANUARY WHEN MILITARY ACTION BECAME UNAVOIDABLE,
TURKEY'S COURAGEOUS DECISION TO PERMIT ALLIED MILITARY STRIKES
AGAINST IRAQ TO BE LAUNCHED FROM TURKISH BASES WAS CRITICAL TO
THE SUCCESS OF DESERT STORM. TURKEY'S DECISION TO REDEPLOY
OVER 100,000 TROOPS TO THE IRAQI BORDER TIED DOWN OVER TEN
IRAQI DIVISIONS AND HELPED DETER FURTHER IRAQI ADVENTURISM. I
COULD NOT HELP BUT BE REMINDED AS THE COALITION FORCES SWEPT
INTO KUWAIT TO LIBERATE IT FROM THE INVADER, OF THE BRAVERY AND
HEROISM OF TURKEY'S SOLDIERS IN THE KOREAN CONFLICT WHERE OUR
FORCES AGAIN JOINED TOGETHER TO THWART AGGRESSION. FOR THAT
EFFORT AND SACRIFICE FORTY YEARS AGO, AND FOR HER STEADFASTNESS
AGAIN IN THIS CRISIS, THE WORLD OWES TURKEY A GREAT DEBT OF
GRATITUDE.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-4-
IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE WAR, TURKEY'S IMPORTANCE TO THE
U.S. AND HER STRATEGIC ROLE IN THE REGION BECAME CLEARER TO US
ALL. TURKEY REMAINS THE LINCHPIN OF NATO'S SECURITY
PERIMETER. HOWEVER, BEYOND ITS TRADITIONAL - -AND VITALLY
IMPORTANT-- ROLE IN NATO AND EUROPE, TURKEY'S POSITION AS
NATO'S ONLY MUSLIM MEMBER MAKES IT A BRIDGE BETWEEN THE WESTERN
AND MUSLIM WORLDS AND WE BELIEVE ENABLES IT TO PLAY A
STABILIZING ROLE IN THE VOLATILE MIDDLE EAST.
ASIDE FROM ISRAEL, TURKEY IS THE ONLY STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST
REGION WITH A LONGSTANDING COMMITMENT TO PARLIAMENTARY
DEMOCRACY. TURKEY'S COMMITMENT TO SECULARISM, INSTITUTED BY
THE FAR-SEEING FOUNDER OF MODERN TURKEY, KEMAL ATATURK, IS
EPITOMIZED BY THE CITY OF ISTANBUL WITH ITS MOSQUES AND WESTERN
SHOPS AND INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTING TOGETHER, EACH IN ITS OWN WAY
TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TURKEY. TURKEY THUS OFFERS A
UNIQUE MODEL FOR ISLAM, NOT IN CONFLICT WITH SECULARISM AND
DEMOCRACY, BUT RATHER SUPPORTIVE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN
VALUES CHERISHED BY BOTH OUR COUNTRIES OF FREEDOM AND
INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY.
BEYOND THIS, HOWEVER, TURKEY ALSO SERVES AS A PROVEN MODEL FOR
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. ITS FREE MARKET REFORMS, UNDER THE
STEWARDSHIP OF THEN PRIME MINISTER OZAL, OPENED THE ECONOMY AND
EXPANDED ACCESS BY TURKISH ENTREPRENEURS TO FOREIGN IMPORTS,
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-5-
CREDIT, AND INVESTMENT. AS A RESULT, TURKEY IN THE 1980'S
BOASTED THE STRONGEST GROWTH RATE OF ANY OF THE COUNTRIES THAT
BELONG TO THE ORGANIZATION FOR COOPERATION AND ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT. EXPORTS SURGED, AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT INCREASED
FIVEFOLD. WE HOPE THESE RESULTS WILL ENCOURAGE NEEDED ECONOMIC
REFORMS BY TURKEY'S NEIGHBORS IN THE REGION, WHO STAND TO
BENEFIT GREATLY FROM CLOSER ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL TIES WITH
THE TURKISH REPUBLIC, THE NATIONS OF EUROPE, AND WITH THE
UNITED STATES. WHEN THAT DAY COMES, I COULD EASILY FORESEE
TURKEY TAKING ADVANTAGE OF ITS UNIQUE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION TO
BECOME A REGIONAL ECONOMIC HUB BETWEEN EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST,
THE SOVIET UNION, AND THE BALKANS.
FINALLY, TURKEY HAS A KEY ROLE TO PLAY IN THE EASTERN
MEDITERRANEAN. ONE OF MY SINCEREST HOPES IS THAT IN THE
AFTERMATH OF THE GULF CONFLICT, RELATIONS BETWEEN BOTH GREECE
AND TURKEY CAN BE IMPROVED. FOLLOWING WORLD WAR TWO, SOVIET
MEDDLING IN THE GREEK CIVIL WAR AND TERRITORIAL DEMANDS ON
TURKEY GAVE BOTH A COMMON ENEMY, AND EARNED BOTH A COMMON
FRIEND IN THE U.S. HOWEVER, DISPUTES OVER AEGEAN AIRSPACE,
COASTAL WATERS, THE SEABED AND CYPRUS HAVE SINCE PLAGUED THE
RELATIONSHIP. BOTH GREECE AND TURKEY COOPERATED MAGNIFICENTLY
DURING THE GULF CONFLICT, AS THEY HAVE AS NATO ALLIES FOR so
MANY YEARS. YESTERDAY, I WAS PRIVILEGED TO LAY A WREATH AT THE
ATATURK MAUSOLEUM, AND WHEN I WAS IN CRETE I VISITED THE TOMB
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-6-
OF PRIME MINISTER VENIZELOS. BOTH LEADERS WERE REVERED FIGURES
AND WORKED TOGETHER AS PEACEMAKERS, AGREEING IN 1930 ON A
TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP. LET ME CALL TONIGHT AS I DID IN ATHENS
FOR BOTH COUNTRIES TO RESOLVE THEIR DIFFERENCES AND FIND
SOLUTIONS TO THEIR DISPUTES. AS WE MOVE TOWARD THE MYRIAD
OPPORTUNITIES THAT AWAIT US AS WE ENTER THE NEXT CENTURY,
NEIGHBORS AND ALLIES THAT WE CONSIDER TO BE OUR GOOD FRIENDS
CAN SURELY FIND A WAY TO BETTER COOPERATE WITH EACH OTHER.
LET ME CONCLUDE BY REEMPHASIZING THE IMPORTANCE THAT WE ATTACH
TO OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH TURKEY. AS I SAID EARLIER, THE UNITED
STATES AND TURKEY HAVE BEEN FRIENDS FOR OVER FORTY YEARS.
THROUGH OUR CLOSE SECURITY PARTNERSHIP WITHIN NATO, WE HAVE
WORKED TOGETHER TO MEET THE CHALLENGES TO FREEDOM AND
DEMOCRACY. WE RECOGNIZE THAT TURKEY IS A STEADFAST ALLY THAT
HAS EARNED OUR RESPECT AND ADMIRATION AND DESERVES OUR
SUPPORT. WE WANT TO CONTINUE TO WORK CLOSELY WITH TURKEY TO
ENSURE THAT NATO REMAINS THE BACKBONE OF WESTERN COLLECTIVE
SECURITY, AND THAT TURKEY PARTICIPATES FULLY IN ANY NEW
EUROPEAN SECURITY STRUCTURES THAT ARISE. I SHOULD ALSO
REEMPHASIZE BEFORE CLOSING OUR FIRM SUPPORT FOR TURKEY'S
ADMISSION INTO THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY AND THE WESTERN
EUROPEAN UNION, EVENTS THAT FROM OUR PERSPECTIVE CAN ONLY
STRENGTHEN THE EXISTING BONDS BETWEEN NATO MEMBERS AND ALL OF
EUROPE IN THE POST COLD WAR ERA.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-7-
I WANT YOU ALL TO KNOW THAT WE TAKE SERIOUSLY OUR COMMITMENT
UNDER THE DEFENSE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION AGREEMENT TO MAKE A
"BEST EFFORT" TO SECURE FOR TURKEY THE SECURITY ASSISTANCE
NEEDED TO HELP MODERNIZE HER ARMED FORCES, AND WE WILL CONTINUE
TO CARRY OUT THAT COMMITMENT. FINALLY, WE CONSIDER OURSELVES
FORTUNATE TO HAVE A FRIEND LIKE TURKEY WILLING TO JOIN US, IF
NECESSARY, ON THE FRONT LINES TO DEFEND FREEDOM AND DETER
AGGRESSION AGAINST ITS NEIGHBORS. YOU SEE, I KNEW THAT WHEN
THE UN DECIDED TO IMPOSE SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAQ, TURKEY WOULD
NOT HESITATE. AND I NEVER DOUBTED THAT WHEN, REGRETFULLY, IT
BECAME NECESSARY TO USE FORCE TO FREE KUWAIT, TURKEY WOULD
ASSIST IN EVERY WAY IN A JUST CAUSE.
so MR. PRESIDENT, HONORED GUESTS AND FRIENDS, AGAIN LET ME
EXPRESS TO YOU ALL THE IMMENSE PLEASURE THAT I FEEL TONIGHT ON
THIS OCCASION, IN THIS MAGNIFICENT SETTING SO RICH IN HISTORY.
THERE IS A SPECIAL BOND BETWEEN THE TURKISH AND AMERICAN
PEOPLES WHICH I HOPE HAS GROWN STRONGER AS A RESULT OF MY
VISIT. THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
CONFIDENTIAL
OFFICE OF CIVIL LAW AND LIBRANT DEFENSE MOBILIZATION Turkey
WASHINGTON ARBA
PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE UNITED STATES
Dwight D. Eisenbower
1959
Containing the Public Messages, Speeches, and
Statements of the President
JANUARY I TO DECEMBER 31, 1959
42108
294
Public Papers of the Presidents
NOTE: Prior to making these remarks the
lege for the airport, where he was met by
President attended services at St. Paul's
Premier Antonio Segni, Foreign Minister
Protestant Episcopal Church and visited
Giuseppe Pella, Manlio Brosio, Italian
Pope John XXIII at the Vatican. He
Ambassador to the United States, and
then left by helicopter from the grounds
James D. Zellerbach, U.S. Ambassador to
of the North American Ecclesiastical Col-
Italy.
295
У
Remarks Upon Arrival at Esenboga
Airport, Ankara. December 6, 1959
Mr. President, Citizens of Turkey:
President Bayar, from my heart I thank you and your people for your
welcome for my party and myself.
Almost 8 years have passed since my last visit to Ankara. In those years
the bonds of friendship and partnership between the Turkish and Ameri-
can peoples have grown stronger. So I return to the capital of this sister
republic, hopeful that my visit here will be fruitful for the good of both
nations.
My purpose in returning to Turkey is twofold: first, I have wanted to
take advantage of a long-standing invitation to visit this nation once again
and see all the developments that have taken place since I was here in
the spring of 1952.
Second, in my official capacity as President of the United States, I
return the visit which you, President Bayar, so graciously paid America.
This visit will permit me to discuss with the leaders of your govern-
ment some of the problems that confront free nations today. We shall
take also the opportunity to talk about opportunities that present them-
selves to achieve a world of plenty in which all nations can live-inde-
pendent and prosperous, at peace with their neighbors. I want you to
know that we in America greatly respect and highly regard our staunch
friend and ally, Turkey. We know that you will be strong and per-
sistent and dedicated in all efforts for peace and friendship in freedom.
President Bayar, I am delighted to be here once again among my
Turkish friends, and I know that I speak for all the members of my
party when I respond to your warm words of welcome by saying, some-
what haltingly I fear, but nevertheless sincerely, "Hos bulduk. Cok
tesekkur ederim" [We are happy to be here. I thank you very much].
804
Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1959
296
e he was met by
NOTE: The President spoke at 3:15 p.m.
the diplomatic corps, and by U.S. Am-
Foreign Minister
He was met by President Bayar, Turkish
bassador Fletcher Warren.
Brosio, Italian
civilian and military officials, members of
ted States, and
Ambassador to
296
У
Remarks by the President at a Dinner
Given in His Honor by President Bayar.
ga
December 6, 1959
Mr. President, distinguished guests:
On this visit, as on my first more than 7 years ago, the unmatched
eople for your
hospitality of our Turkish allies and friends has been for the members
of my party and myself a most heartwarming experience. The leaders
In those years
and people of Turkey have extended to us a welcome that makes us feel
sh and Ameri-
more like friends returning to pleasant and well-remembered scenes
al of this sister
rather than like strangers in this land.
good of both
For myself, it is in truth a return to a land I cannot forget. In March
of 1952, I came here to inspect the troops which Turkey had committed
ave wanted to
to the common defense of the Atlantic nations. Here through a 3-day
on once again
visit, along with the encouragement and inspiration I got from your
I was here in
armed forces and your leaders, I absorbed evidence of the beauty, the
progress, the growth of Turkey. I developed a real admiration for both
ited States, I
your military and civil leaders and for the great people they represented.
paid America.
As tenacious defenders of your land and independence, you of Turkey
your govern-
have achieved a worldwide reputation. From two experiences with you,
ay. We shall
I can testify that you deserve an equal prestige as gracious hosts. For
present them-
all of my party, it is indeed a high honor to be welcomed as partners of
an live-inde-
your nation.
I want you to
All Americans who know you have a tremendous respect for your
d our staunch
courage and your vision of a Republic dedicated to the good of its people,
ong and per-
their freedom and their prosperity. You Turks, by your own efforts
ip in freedom.
and by deliberate decision, resolved a generation ago to build a modern
in among my
nation, free from aggressive intent on its neighbors, at peace with all
embers of my
nations of good will, but resolved never to be cowed by any threat.
saying, some-
Under the outstanding and farsighted leadership of the founder of
bulduk. Cok
Modern Turkey, Kemal Ataturk, you of this country have wrought revo-
lutionary changes. In government, customs, and traditions these
u very much].
changes were breathtaking in scope. They were remarkable for the
805
296
Public Papers of the Presidents
swiftness of their achievement. They are an inspiration and a guiding
light to all newly independent nations, determined on progress, prosperity,
and peace.
No nation of today encounters greater obstacles to progress than you
faced when you made your great national decision. You had just
emerged from the ruin and devastation of the first World War. On every
side, you were plagued with problems that seemed beyond solution. But
you were rich in your spirit and in the idealism and vitality of your
leaders. In them you had a wealth and strength beyond money and
machines.
You, the people of Turkey forged steadily ahead on the path to indus-
trial development and social progress. You made your country a modern
proving ground that democracy and stout hearts are a people's best
instruments for the achievement of greatness.
Much, I know, remains to be achieved. But I am impressed-even
amazed-as I return to Turkey to see all around me the results of the
past 7 years' progress and the evidences of determination and of dynamic
growth.
The United States is proud of your achievements-very proud of our
increasingly close friendship and associations. The American people
understand your desire for progress and for higher standards of living.
They are happy that they can provide some measure of assistance to help
you realize the goals you yourselves have established.
I am confident that the United States, with other friends and allies,
will continue to help in your economic development and security. And
no power on earth, no evil, no threat, can frustrate a people of your
spirit.
We of America as you in Turkey are much concerned today with the
economic progress and political stability of the world's newly emerging
nations. We believe that all free nations should cooperate in a great
combined effort to achieve increased levels of free world economic
strength. But alongside this purpose and because both of us are also
concerned with our security and that of our friends we are joined with
others in NATO to insure the safety of all of us. Here, my friends, I
might as well have brought in CENTO, but since Turkey and ourselves
are both full partners of NATO, and we are merely an associate of
CENTO, I confine my remarks to NATO.
NATO is a defensive alliance, solely and simply for our mutual
806
Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1959
297
and a guiding
security. We know that we are building defenses only against the possi-
ress, prosperity,
bility of an emergency, an aggression, a catastrophe which will never be
of our making. Those who say otherwise speak for their own ulterior
gress than you
motives.
You had just
The peoples of Turkey and the United States seek peace. But the
Var. On every
peace we are striving to achieve, as free, God-fearing nations, must be a
solution. But
just and enduring peace based upon individual freedom and human
itality of your
dignity. These values, the Koran and the Bible teach us, are fundamental
nd money and
to man's life on earth. We will not deviate from our goal nor compromise
our principles.
path to indus-
We will continue in our search for peace and in our efforts to reach
intry a modern
mutually enforceable agreements with the leaders of the world Communist
1 people's best
movement.
With steadfast adherence to our principles, and with faith in Almighty
pressed-even
God, we will do our best to achieve the goal we are seeking.
e results of the
To all our Turkish friends, I express again on behalf of the American
and of dynamic
people and the members of my party my deep appreciation and sincere
thanks for your exceptional welcome and hospitality. In closing I should
y proud of our
like to say:
nerican people
Long live Turkish-American friendship.
dards of living.
Long live the Turkish and American Republics.
sistance to help
Long live world peace, justice, and human freedom.
And in this spirit I propose a toast to your distinguished Head of State-
nds and allies,
President Bayar.
security. And
NOTE: The dinner was held at President Bayar's palace.
people of your
today with the
297
У
Joint Statement Following Discussions
ewly emerging
With President Bayar. December 7, 1959
rate in a great
orld economic
PRESIDENT EISENHOWER visited Turkey on December 6 through
of us are also
December 7, 1959. The sincere rejoicing of the Turkish Nation and the
are joined with
outstanding reception extended to President Eisenhower and to his party
; my friends, I
during this brief but meaningful visit reaffirmed in the most impressive
y and ourselves
way the existing strong friendship and close cooperation between the
an associate of
Governments and peoples of Turkey and the United States. The visit
demonstrated anew the desire of both countries to continue this fruitful
or our mutual
807
I
297
Public Papers of the Presidents
cooperation in their mutual interest as well as in that of the community
of free nations to which they both belong.
In the course of this visit talks were held at President Bayar's residence
on Sunday evening between the two Presidents with the participation of
Prime Minister Menderes and Foreign Minister Zorlu, Under Secretary
of State Murphy, Secretary General Esenbel and Ambassador Warren.
During the talks a full and friendly exchange took place on a wide range
of problems of common interest.
The alliance and partnership of Turkey and the United States within
the defense organization of NATO and active association in CENTO,
together with their common participation in the actions of the United
Nations for the preservation of peace, influenced the nature and the scope
of the talks. Turkish cooperation in the United Nations Command,
Korea, was recalled in this connection.
On the vital question of the creation of an atmosphere that would lead
to establishment of a true detente in the whole world, the two Presidents
agreed that such a detente, in order to be effective, should be based on
justice and equality and provided with the essential safeguards. Since
it is not possible to divide the many problems at present separating East
and West into separate compartments, they recognized that detente like
peace had to be considered as an indivisible entity. It was understood that
an efficient, controlled system of disarmament is necessary.
In the course of the discussions particular attention was paid to existing
areas of tension and danger throughout the world. President Bayar and
President Eisenhower jointly expressed strong conviction that at this point
in history the future of humanity depended above all on the degree of
solidarity in thought and action which the free nations can master in
meeting their common problems. They agreed that cooperation and
continuing consultation between the two countries both on a bilateral
basis and within NATO and CENTO were paramount.
President Bayar expressed his sincere appreciation of the admirable
efforts made by President Eisenhower in order to reduce international
tensions and both Presidents voiced the hope that these efforts would bear
fruit for the benefit of the whole world. Particular attention was paid to
the question of subversive activities in the Middle East and the situation
was appraised in the light of an eventual atmosphere of detente.
Economic aspects of the Turkish-American relations, as well as the
808
Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1959
297
the community
broader problem of the assistance to underdeveloped countries, were con-
sidered. President Bayar stressed the importance of securing a sufficient
Bayar's residence
raising of the living standard of the Turkish people in order to enable
participation of
Turkey to assume adequately the responsibilities which her geographic
Under Secretary
position imposes upon her. He outlined the economic progress achieved
ador Warren.
in the last ten years in Turkey and expressed appreciation for the generous
: on a wide range
assistance given by the American people to Turkey.
President Eisenhower expressed his appreciation of the economic and
ed States within
social goals met by the Turkish Nation. He expressed confidence that
on in CENTO,
the United States will continue to support, in concert with other friends
IS of the United
and allies, the economic development and security efforts of Turkey. He
are and the scope
expressed his belief that such efforts would be successful.
ions Command,
The two Presidents recognized that improvement in the standard of
living of the less developed countries is a necessary ingredient to the
that would lead
achievement of peace and security in the world. They expressed the
e two Presidents
view that coordinated action is desirable and that any aid extended
uld be based on
would prove most effective when providing and receiving countries were
feguards. Since
united through a dedication to common goals.
: separating East
The economic collaboration realized after the war constitutes a re-
that detente like
markable example in the field of economic assistance. The hope was
; understood that
expressed as well that European efforts in this field could be directed to
the assistance of the less developed areas of the European continent, like
S paid to existing
Turkey.
sident Bayar and
The initiative of Turkey to be an associate member of the European
that at this point
Common Market was also examined and the hope was expressed that
on the degree of
such association would foster solidarity among these countries.
IS can master in
In concluding their talk the two Presidents reiterated their dedication
cooperation and
to the ideals enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. They ex-
h on a bilateral
pressed their determination to marshal all their efforts to the attainment
of a lasting peace embracing full security and justice for all.
of the admirable
NOTE: This joint statement was released in Ankara.
ice international
fforts would bear
ntion was paid to
and the situation
detente.
s, as well as the
809
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July 11, 1991
MEMORANDUM FOR THE CHIEF OF STAFF
FRED MCCLURE
DEB ANDERSON
LAURA MELILLO
PAUL BATEMAN
JANE MOORE
TONY BENEDI
ROGER PORTER
PHILLIP BRADY
PATTY PRESOCK
ANDREW CARD
ED ROGERS
DAVID CARNEY
SUSAN PORTER ROSE
LINDA CASEY
BRENT SCOWCROFT
BILLY DALE
SICHAN SIV
DAVID DEMAREST
DORRANCE SMITH
BILL FARISH
TONY SNOW
LAURIE FIRESTONE
KATHY SUPER
MARLIN FITZWATER
PEGGY SWIFT
BOYDEN GRAY
RICHARD TREFRY
JOHN HERRICK
CHASE UNTERMEYER
EDE HOLIDAY
DAVID VALDEZ
TOM HUFFORD
ROSE ZAMARIA
RON KAUFMAN
USSS/PPD OPS
BOBBIE KILBERG
WHCA OPERATIONS
WILLIAM KRISTOL
WHTV
MEDICAL UNIT
AIRLIFT OPS
THROUGH:
SIG ROGICH
ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR
PUBLIC EVENTS AND INITIATIVES
FROM:
JAY PARMER
SPECIAL ASSISTANT THE PRESIDENT AND
DIRECTOR OF PRESIDENTIAL ADVANCE
SUBJECT:
TRIP OF THE PRESIDENT AND MRS. BUSH TO
PARIS, FRANCE; LONDON, ENGLAND; ATHENS,
GREECE; SOUDA BAY, CRETE; ANKARA, TURKEY; AND
ISTANBUL, TURKEY; JULY 14 - 22, 1991
For your use and planning purposes, the attached is a preliminary
outline schedule for the Trip of the President and Mrs. Bush to
Paris, France; London, England; Athens, Greece; Souda Bay, Crete;
Ankara, Turkey; and Istanbul, Turkey, July 14 - 22, 1991. Please
keep in mind the following information has not been finally
approved and is subject to change.
Attachments
PRELIMINARY OUTLINE SCHEDULE
Saturday, July 13, 1991
GUEST AND STAFF INSTRUCTIONS:
Washington, D.C. (C-9 passengers)
10:15 pm Baggage Call. Please
place all unlocked
baggage outside Room
89 1/2, O.E.O.B, at
this time.
Kennebunkport, ME
8:25 pm Guests and Staff manifested
on Marine One and Nighthawk II
please board vehicles at
Nonantum for transport to
Walker's Point Landing Zone.
9:00 pm
MARINE ONE departs Walker's Point en route Pease
Air National Guard Base, Portsmouth, New
Hampshire.
(Flying Time: 25 Minutes)
9:25 pm
MARINE ONE arrives Pease Air National Guard Base.
RON Air Force One, Pease Air National Guard Base,
New Hampshire
Sunday, July 14, 1991
GUEST AND STAFF INSTRUCTIONS:
Washington, D.C. (C-9 passengers)
12:10 am Vans depart West Basement
en route Andrews Air Force
Base.
12:10 am Guests and Staff with own
transportation and baggage
should arrive Andrews Air
Force Base, Distinguished
Visitors' Lounge, at this
time for check-in.
12:30 am Guests and Staff with
own transportation and
without baggage should
arrive Andrews Air Force
Base at this time for
check-in.
1:15 am C-9 departs Andrews Air
Force Base en route Pease
Air National Guard Base.
Kennebunkport, ME
12:00 am Baggage Call. Please place
all unlocked baggage outside
your door at this time.
2:00 am Guests and Staff not manifested
on Marine One or Nighthawk II
please board vehicles outside
Nonantum at this time for
transport to Pease Air National
Guard Base.
2:30 am C-9 arrives Pease Air
National Guard Base.
Washington, D.C. (29000 passengers)
7:30 am Baggage Call. Please place
all unlocked baggage outside
Room 89 1/2, O.E.O.B., at
this time.
9:25 am Vans depart West Basement
en route Andrews Air Force
Base.
9:25 am Guests and Staff with own
transportation and baggage
should arrive Andrews Air
Force Base, Distinguished
Visitors Lounge, at this
time for check-in.
9:45 am Guests and Staff with own
transportation and without
baggage should arrive Andrews
Air Force Base at this time
for check-in.
10:30 am 29000 departs Andrews Air
Force Base en route London,
England.
10:00 pm 29000 arrives Heathrow
International Airport, London,
England.
3:30 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Portsmouth, New Hampshire
(E.D.T.)
en route Paris, France.
(Flying Time:
6 Hours 15 Minutes)
(Interchange: No)
(Time Change: Ahead 6 Hours)
3:45 pm
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Orly International Airport,
(Local
Paris, France.
Daylight Time)
3:55 pm
MARINE ONE departs Orly International Airport en
route Rambouillet, France.
(Flying Time: 20 Minutes)
4:15 pm
MARINE ONE arrives Chateau Rambouillet Landing
Zone, Rambouillet, France.
*
ARRIVAL CEREMONY
- Open Press
- Anthems
- Review of Troops
(4:17 pm - 4:23 pm)
*
ONE ON ONE MEETING WITH PRESIDENT MITTERRAND
- Pool Coverage
- Consecutive Interpretation
(4:30 pm - 5:40 pm)
*
JOINT PRESS AVAILABILITY
- Open Press
- Simultaneous Interpretation
(6:00 pm - 6:30 pm)
6:35 pm
MARINE ONE departs Chateau Rambouillet Landing
Zone, Rambouillet, France, en route Orly
International Airport.
(Flying Time: 20 Minutes)
6:55 pm
MARINE ONE arrives Orly International Airport.
7:05 pm
AIR FORCE ONE departs Paris, France en route
(Local
London, England.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 55 Minutes)
(Interchange: No)
(Time Change: Back 1 Hour)
7:00 pm
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Heathrow International
(Local
Airport, London, England.
Daylight Time)
7:10 pm
MARINE ONE departs Heathrow International
Airport en route Winfield House Landing Zone.
(Flying Time: 20 Minutes)
7:30 pm
MARINE ONE arrives Winfield House Landing
Zone.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 40 MINUTES
(7:35 pm - 8:15 pm)
8:15 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
No. 10 Downing Street.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:30 pm
MOTORCADE arrives No. 10 Downing Street.
*
PHOTO OPPORTUNITY
- Pool Coverage
(8:30 pm - 8:35 pm)
*
PRIVATE DINNER WITH PRIME MINISTER AND MRS.
MAJOR
- Official Photographer Only
(8:35 pm - 10:00 pm)
10:05 pm
MOTORCADE departs No. 10 Downing Street en
route Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
10:20 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
RON London, England
Monday, July 15, 1991
NOTE:
Mrs. Bush assumes separate schedule
at this time.
*
BREAKFAST WITH CHANCELLOR KOHL
- Pool Coverage
(8:00 am - 9:00 am)
*
BILATERAL MEETING WITH PRIME MINISTER
ANDREOTTI
- Pool Coverage
(9:30 am - 10:30 am)
*
BILATERAL MEETING WITH PRIME MINISTER LUBBERS
AND EC PRESIDENT DELORS
- Pool Coverage
(11:00 am - 12:00 noon)
*
PRIVATE TIME: 1 HOUR 30 MINUTES
(12:05 pm - 1:30 pm)
1:35 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Lancaster House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
1:50 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Lancaster House.
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations arrive in
Reverse Protocol order.
*
1991 ECONOMIC SUMMIT CLASS PHOTO
- Pool Coverage
(2:05 pm - 2:10 pm)
*
OPENING SESSION OF THE LONDON 1991
ECONOMIC SUMMIT
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
- Simultaneous Interpretation
(2:15 pm - 5:00 pm)
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations depart in
Protocol Order.
5:20 pm
MOTORCADE departs Lancaster House en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
5:35 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 1 HOUR 10 MINUTES
(5:40 pm - 6:50 pm)
6:50 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Her Majesty's Tower of London.
(Drive Time: 25 Minutes)
7:15 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Tower of London, Jewel House.
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations arrive in
Reverse Protocol Order.
*
PRE-DINNER RECEPTION
- Closed Press
- View Crown Jewels
(7:20 pm - 7:55 pm)
*
WORKING DINNER
- Host TV Coverage
(8:00 pm - 9:40 pm)
*
VIEWING OF "CEREMONY OF THE KEYS"
- Closed Press
(9:50 pm - 10:10 pm)
*
AFTER DINNER COCKTAILS/COFFEE
- Closed Press
(10:10 pm - 10:35 pm)
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations depart in
Protocol Order.
10:40 pm
MOTORCADE departs Tower of London en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 25 Minutes)
11:05 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
NOTE:
Mrs. Bush re-joins THE PRESIDENT
at this time.
RON London, England
Tuesday, July 16, 1991
*
AMERICAN EMBASSY COMMUNITY GREETING
- Closed Press
- Brief Remarks
(8:35 am - 8:50 am)
NOTE:
Mrs. Bush assumes separate schedule
at this time.
9:00 am
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Lancaster House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
9:15 am
MOTORCADE arrives Lancaster House.
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations arrive in
Reverse Protocol Order.
*
FIRST PLENARY SESSION
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(9:30 am - 12:30 pm)
12:35 pm
DEPART Lancaster House via foot en route
Bridgewater House.
12:40 pm
ARRIVE Bridgewater House.
*
SENIOR SUMMIT PARTICIPANTS RECEPTION
- Closed Press
(12:45 pm - 12:55 pm)
12:55 pm
DEPART Bridgewater House via Foot en route
Spencer House.
1:00 pm
ARRIVE Spencer House.
*
WORKING LUNCHEON
- Closed Press
(1:00 pm - 2:25 pm)
2:30 pm
DEPART Spencer House via Foot en route Lancaster
House.
2:35 pm
ARRIVE Lancaster House.
*
MAIN PLENARY SESSION
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(2:35 pm - 4:30 pm)
4:40 pm
MOTORCADE departs Lancaster House en route
Winfield House.
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations depart in
Protocol Order.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
4:55 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 2 HOURS 40 MINUTES
(5:00 pm - 7:40 pm)
NOTE:
Mrs. Bush re-joins THE PRESIDENT at
this time.
7:45 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Buckingham Palace.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:00 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Buckingham Palace.
*
STATE DINNER
- Closed Press
- Photo Opportunity
- Reception
- Post-Dinner Entertainment
- Black Tie
(8:00 pm - 11:15 pm)
11:25 pm
MOTORCADE departs Buckingham Palace en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
11:40 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
RON London, England
Wednesday, July 17, 1991
NOTE:
Mrs. Bush assumes separate schedule
at this time.
8:40 am
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Lancaster House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:55 am
MOTORCADE arrives Lancaster House.
NOTE:
Heads of Delegations arrive in
Reverse Protocol Order.
*
FINAL PLENARY SESSION
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(9:00 am - 10:15 am)
*
READING OF FINAL DECLARATION
- Pool Coverage
(10:17 am - 10:30 am)
10:45 am
MOTORCADE departs Lancaster House en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
11:00 am
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
*
BRIEFING TIME: 15 MINUTES
(11:05 am - 11:20 am)
*
PRESS CONFERENCE
- Open Press
(11:25 am - 11:55 am)
NOTE:
President Gorbachev arrives
Winfield House at 12:00 noon.
*
WORKING LUNCHEON WITH PRESIDENT GORBACHEV
- Photo Opportunity (At Beginning Only)
- Whisper Interpretation
(12:05 pm - 1:30 pm)
*
ROPELINE PRESS AVAILABILITY
- Pool Coverage
(1:40 pm - 1:50 pm)
1:55 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
Lancaster House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
2:10 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Lancaster House.
*
WORKING SESSION WITH PRESIDENT GORBACHEV
AND SUMMIT LEADERS
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(2:15 pm - 6:00 pm)
6:15 pm
MOTORCADE departs Lancaster House en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
6:30 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
*
BRIEFING TIME: 15 MINUTES
(6:30 pm - 6:45 pm)
*
ROPELINE PRESS AVAILABILITY
- Pool Coverage
(6:45 pm - 7:00 pm)
*
PRIVATE TIME: 55 MINUTES
(7:05 pm - 8:00 pm)
8:07 pm
MOTORCADE departs Winfield House en route
No. 10 Downing Street.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:22 pm
MOTORCADE arrives No. 10 Downing Street.
*
DINNER WITH PRESIDENT GORBACHEV AND HEADS
OF DELEGATIONS
- Closed Press
- Consecutive Interpretation
(8:30 pm - 10:30 pm)
10:35 pm
MOTORCADE departs No. 10 Downing Street en route
Winfield House.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
10:50 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Winfield House.
RON London, England
Thursday, July 18, 1991
7:30 am
MARINE ONE departs Winfield House Landing
Zone en route Heathrow International Airport.
(Flying Time: 20 Minutes)
7:50 am
MARINE ONE arrives Heathrow International Airport.
8:00 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Heathrow International
(Local
Airport en route Athens, Greece.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 3 Hours 45 Minutes)
(Interchange: Yes - Back-Up plane only)
(Time Change: Ahead 2 Hours)
NOTE:
29000 becomes Back-Up plane.
1:45 pm
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Athinai Airport, VIP
(Local
Terminal, Athens, Greece.
Daylight Time)
*
ARRIVAL CEREMONY
- Open Press
- Full Honors
- Arrival Statement
(1:45 pm - 2:00 pm)
2:05 pm
MOTORCADE departs Athinai Airport en route
Presidential Palace.
(Drive Time: 20 Minutes)
2:25 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Presidential Palace.
*
ONE ON ONE MEETING WITH PRESIDENT
KARAMANLIS
- Expanded Pool (At Beginning Only)
(2:25 pm - 3:25 pm)
3:30 pm
MOTORCADE departs Presidential Palace
en route Parliament.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
3:35 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Parliament.
*
ADDRESS GREEK PARLIAMENT
- Expanded Pool
- Remarks
- Simultaneous Interpretation
(3:45 pm - 4:15 pm)
4:20 pm
MOTORCADE departs Parliament en route Prime
Minister's Office.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
4:25 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Prime Minister's Office.
*
ONE ON ONE MEETING WITH PRIME MINISTER
MITSOTAKIS
- Expanded Pool (At Beginning Only)
(4:30 pm - 5:00 pm)
*
EXPANDED BILATERAL MEETING
- Closed Press
(5:00 pm - 6:00 pm)
*
PRESS AVAILABILITY
- Pool Coverage
- Consecutive Interpretation
(6:15 pm - 6:45 pm)
6:50 pm
MOTORCADE departs Prime Minister's Office en
route Ambassador's Residence.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
7:05 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 1 HOUR 5 MINUTES
(7:10 pm - 8:15 pm)
8:15 pm
MOTORCADE departs Ambassador's Residence
en route Presidential Palace.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:30 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Presidential Palace.
*
STATE DINNER
- Pool Coverage
- Receiving Line
- Toasts
- Business Suit
(8:30 pm - 10:30 pm)
10:35 pm
MOTORCADE departs Presidential Palace en
route Ambassador's Residence.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
10:50 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence.
RON Athens, Greece
Friday, July 19, 1991
7:25 am
MOTORCADE departs Residence en route Acropolis.
(Drive Time: 20 Minutes)
7:45 am
MOTORCADE arrives Acropolis.
*
WALKING TOUR OF ACROPOLIS AND PHOTO
OPPORTUNITY
- Pool Coverage
- Gift Presentation
(7:50 am - 8:30 am)
8:40 am
MOTORCADE departs Acropolis en route
Intercontinental Hotel.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
8:55 am
MOTORCADE arrives Intercontinental Hotel.
*
GREEK/AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BREAKFAST
- Open Press
- Brief Remarks
(8:55 am - 9:10 am)
9:15 am
MOTORCADE departs Intercontinental Hotel en route
Athinai Airport.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
9:45 am
MOTORCADE arrives Athinai Airport.
9:50 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Athens, Greece en route
Souda Bay, Crete.
(Flying Time: 1 Hour 20 Minutes)
(Interchange: Yes - press plane only)
(Time Change: None)
11:10 am
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Souda Bay Airfield,
Souda Bay, Crete.
11:15 am
MOTORCADE departs Souda Bay Airfield en route
Souda Bay Naval Facility.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
11:30 am
MOTORCADE arrives Souda Bay Naval Facility.
*
VISIT TO GREEK AND AMERICAN NAVAL
VESSELS
- Open Press
- Brief Remarks
(11:35 am - 12:15 pm)
12:20 pm
MOTORCADE departs Souda Bay Naval Facility
en route Wreathlaying Site.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
12:35 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Wreathlaying Site.
*
WREATHLAYING CEREMONY
- Pool Coverage
(12:40 pm - 12:50 pm)
12:55 pm
MOTORCADE departs Wreathlaying Site en
route Prime Minister's Residence.
(Drive Time: 10 Minutes)
1:05 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Residence.
*
LUNCHEON HOSTED BY PRIME MINISTER MITSOTAKIS
- Closed Press
(1:15 pm - 2:45 pm)
2:50 pm
MOTORCADE departs Residence en route Souda
Bay Airfield.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
3:05 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Souda Bay Airfield.
3:10 pm
AIR FORCE ONE departs Souda Bay, Crete en route
(Local
Athens, Greece.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 45 Minutes)
(Interchange: No)
(Time Change: None)
3:55 pm
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Athinai Airport, Athens,
(Local
Greece.
Daylight Time)
4:00 pm
MOTORCADE departs Athinai Airport en route
Ambassador's Residence.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
4:30 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES
(4:30 pm - 7:00 pm)
*
RECIPROCAL RECEPTION
- Closed Press
- Receiving Line
- Brief Remarks
(7:00 pm - 8:00 pm)
RON Athens, Greece
Saturday, July 20, 1991
*
AMERICAN EMBASSY COMMUNITY GREETING
- Closed Press
- Brief Remarks
(8:00 am - 8:15 am)
8:20 am
MOTORCADE departs Ambassador's Residence
en route Athinai Airport.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
8:50 am
MOTORCADE arrives Athinai Airport.
9:00 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Athens, Greece en
(Local
route Ankara, Turkey.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 1 Hour 50 Minutes)
(Interchange: Yes - back-up plane only)
(Time Change: None)
10:50 am
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Esenboga Airport, Ankara,
(Local
Turkey.
Daylight Time)
*
ARRIVAL CEREMONY
- Open Press
- Anthems
- Official Delegations
- Troop Review
- Arrival Statement
(10:50 am - 11:10 am)
11:15 am
MOTORCADE departs Esenboga Airport en route
Ataturk Mausoleum.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
11:45 am
MOTORCADE arrives Ataturk Mausoleum.
*
WREATHLAYING CEREMONY
- Pool Coverage
(11:45 am - 12:00 pm)
12:05 pm
MOTORCADE departs Mausoleum en route Ambassador's
Residence.
(Drive Time: 15 Minutes)
12:20 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence.
*
AMERICAN EMBASSY COMMUNITY GREETING
- Closed Press
- Brief Remarks
(12:20 pm - 12:35 pm)
*
PRIVATE TIME: 1 HOUR 15 MINUTES
(12:40 pm - 1:55 pm)
2:00 pm
MOTORCADE departs Ambassador's Residence
en route Prime Minister's Residence.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
2:05 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Prime Minister's Residence.
*
COURTESY CALL ON PRIME MINISTER MESUT YILMAZ
- Pool Coverage
(2:05 pm - 2:20 pm)
2:20 pm
MOTORCADE departs Prime Minister's Residence
en route Presidential Palace.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
2:25 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Presidential Palace.
*
ONE ON ONE MEETING WITH PRESIDENT
OZAL
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(2:30 pm - 3:00 pm)
*
EXPANDED BILATERAL MEETING
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(3:00 pm - 4:00 pm)
*
JOINT PRESS AVAILABILITY
- Pool Coverage
(4:00 pm - 4:40 pm)
4:50 pm
MOTORCADE departs Presidential Palace en route
Ambassador's Residence.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
4:55 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 2 HOURS 50 MINUTES
(5:00 pm - 7:50 pm)
7:55 pm
MOTORCADE departs Ambassador's Residence
en route Presidential Palace.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
8:00 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Presidential Palace.
*
STATE DINNER
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
- Brief Remarks
- Black Tie
(8:00 pm - 10:25 pm)
10:30 pm
MOTORCADE departs Presidential Palace en
route Ambassador's Residence.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
10:35 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ambassador's Residence
for RON.
RON Ankara, Turkey
Sunday, July 21, 1991
8:00 am
MOTORCADE departs Ambassador's Residence
en route Esenboga Airport.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
8:30 am
MOTORCADE arrives Esenboga Airport.
*
VIEW TURKISH F-16 AIRCRAFT
- Pool Coverage
(8:30 am - 8:35 am)
8:40 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Ankara, Turkey en
(Local
route Istanbul, Turkey.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 55 Minutes)
(Interchange: No)
(Time Change: None)
9:35 am
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Ataturk Airport, Istanbul,
(Local
Turkey.
Daylight Time)
9:45 am
MOTORCADE departs Ataturk Airport en route
Blue Mosque.
(Drive Time: 30 Minutes)
10:15 am
MOTORCADE arrives Blue Mosque.
*
TOUR OF BLUE MOSQUE
- Pool Coverage
- Photo Opportunity
(10:15 am - 10:45 am)
10:50 am
MOTORCADE departs Blue Mosque en route St.
Sophia Cathedral.
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
10:55 am
MOTORCADE arrives St. Sophia.
*
TOUR OF ST. SOPHIA CATHEDRAL
- Pool Coverage
(10:55 am - 11:15 am)
11:20 am
MOTORCADE departs St. Sophia en route Topkapi
Palace.
/
(Drive Time: 5 Minutes)
11:25 am
MOTORCADE arrives Topkapi Palace.
*
TOUR TOPKAPI PALACE
- Pool Coverage
- Photo Opportunity
(11:25 am - 12:00 pm)
12:00 pm
MOTORCADE departs Topkapi Palace en route
International Press Center Dock.
(Drive Time: 10 Minutes)
12:10 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Dock.
12:15 pm
LAUNCH departs Dock for Bosphorous River Tour.
*
BOAT TOUR OF BOSPHOROUS RIVER
- Pool Coverage
- Lunch on board
(12:15 pm - 2:15 pm)
2:15 pm
LAUNCH arrives Ciragan Palace Hotel Dock.
*
PRIVATE TIME: 30 MINUTES
(2:20 pm - 2:50 pm)
*
MEETING WITH OPPOSITION LEADER SULEYMAN
DEMIREL
- Pool Coverage
(2:55 pm - 3:25 pm)
*
MEETING WITH OPPOSITION LEADER ENDAL
INONU
- - Pool Coverage
(3:30 pm - 4:00 pm)
*
PRIVATE TIME: 3 HOURS 40 MINUTES
(4:00 pm - 7:40 pm)
7:45 pm
MOTORCADE departs Ciragan Palace en route
Dolmabahce Palace.
(Drive Time: 10 Minutes)
7:55 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Dolmabahce Palace.
*
OFFICIAL DINNER HOSTED BY PRESIDENT OZAL
- Open Press
- Remarks
- Teleprompter
- Black Tie
(8:00 pm - 10:00 pm)
10:05 pm
MOTORCADE departs Dolmabahce Palace en route
Ciragan Palace Hotel.
(Drive Time: 10 Minutes)
10:15 pm
MOTORCADE arrives Ciragan Palace Hotel for RON.
RON Istanbul, Turkey
Monday, July 22, 1991
*
BREAKFAST WITH PRESIDENT OZAL
- Pool Coverage (At Beginning Only)
(8:00 am - 9:00 am)
9:05 am
MOTORCADE departs Ciragan Palace Hotel
en route Ataturk Airport.
(Drive Time: 40 Minutes)
9:45 am
MOTORCADE arrives Ataturk Airport.
*
DEPARTURE CEREMONY
- Open Press
- Full Honors
(9:45 am - 9:55 am)
10:00 am
AIR FORCE ONE departs Istanbul, Turkey
(Local
en route Andrews Air Force Base.
Daylight Time)
(Flying Time: 11 Hours)
(Interchange: No)
(Time Change: Back 7 Hours)
2:00 pm
AIR FORCE ONE arrives Andrews Air Force Base.
(E.D.T.)
2:10 pm
MARINE ONE departs Andrews Air Force Base en
route White House.
(Flying Time: 10 Minutes)
2:20 pm
MARINE ONE arrives White House.
McGroarty/Simon
July 11, 1991
3:30 pm
[dolma]
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: DOLMABAHCE PALACE
ISTANBUL, TURKEY
JULY 21, 1991
8:00 P.M.
president
[Introductory acknowledgements.] Prime Minister Ozal.
Prime Minister Yilmaz
(Turkish Premier. Ministers/Members of the Turkish
Government/Parliament.} // I thank you for this warm welcome -
- and I am deeply honored to be the first American President to
come to this historic city. ///
Among the nations of the world, few claim a past as storied
as yours. / Turkey stands at a crossroads of cultures and
civilizations. Nowhere is this more evident than here -- in
Istanbul: one city spanning two continents. //
This city's ancient history is written for all to see in
marble, stone and gold: in the monumental grandeur of the Hagia
[HAH-ge-uh] Sophia / the serenity of the Blue Mosque / the courts
of Topkapi [TOP-cop-ee]. And here: in the Dolmabahce [Dol-muh-
BAH-chay] Palace -- a treasurehouse of Turkish art and
architecture. / Like Istanbul, Turkey is East and West, Europe
and Asia, ancient and modern. For in Turkey, what might
elsewhere appear as contradictions / are the rich and varied
facets of culture and character. //
In this magnificent palace -- testament to Turkey's past --
in the presence of the men and women entrusted with the future of
2
this nation, it is fitting to speak about new and old: about our
new world of change -- about the enduring partnership that binds
our two nations. //
That partnership is grounded in a shared devotion to the
international ideal: the understanding that like-minded nations
nel
must work together to repel aggression -- to preserve the peace.
was by
clay Blair
From the days of the Korean War -- and the legendary bravery of
p.656
the Turkish Brigade -- through the long years of conflict and
c
Cold War, to our effort to forge a new world order -- Turkey has
never hesitated to put itself in the service of this
international ideal. //
The crisis in the Gulf put that ideal to the test -- and
once more, Turkey rose to the challenge. //
In the aftermath of August 2nd, when we sought sanctions
against Saddam, I knew Turkey would stand with us. Months later,
when Saddam turned his back on the will of the world -- when
Saddam thrust war upon us, I knew Turkey would fight fiercely by
our side. ///
Turkey took its actions in the face of real hardship and
State
Dept.
risk. Your nation cut off Iraq's oil pipeline to the West -- its
draft
economic lifeline to the outside world -- at great cost to your
own economy. During DESERT STORM, Turkey allowed coalition
sent
forces to operate from Turkish soil -- and re deployed 100,000
Turkish troops to the east, to tie down 10 Iraqi Army divisions.
//
3
[[Our work as coalition partners continues today. Our two
nations are part of the newly-formed Rapid Deployment Force,
stationed near Turkey's border with Iraq. / All of us
understand this force will not be a permanent presence. But all
of us are equally committed to sending a strong and unmistakable
signal to Saddam Hussein that he must heed the will of the United
Nations -- and ignore it at his peril. //]]
Mr. Prime Minister, rest assured: my country is well aware
of Turkey's contributions to our coalition victory.
I pledge my personal effort to make certain that no member
of the coalition overlooks Turkey's key role -- and to see that
the Congress grants our full request for security assistance to
Turkey. ///
This strong stand in the Gulf signals a turning point for
the Turkish Republic. / Turkey today is a nation confident of
its place in the world -- a confidence made clear in your
nation's opening to the new democracies of Eastern Europe -- and
your outreach to the USSR. // Your Black Sea initiative, aimed
at expanding cooperation between the Soviets and other nations
state
Dept.
who border that great body of water -- your efforts to increase
diaft
trade with the Soviet Republics -- Turkey's opening to Armenia to
increase exchanges between artists, academics and technical
experts: each builds on the momentum generated by the easing of
East-West conflict -- each creates new prospects for peace. //
4
Together, these initiatives are proof that Turkey continues
to be guided by the maxim of Kemal Ataturk, "peace at home, peace
abroad: a worthy goal for all nations. " //
But Turkey must continue to move forward -- must reach deep
within itself to summon up the courage to move beyond even these
significant steps with the nations of what we once called the
East Bloc. The time has come for a new opening to the West. The
time has come for lasting peace between Turkey and Greece. //
arabhedule
In the past two days, in Ankara and on the island of Crete,
have honored the memory of Kemal Ataturk and Eleutheros
Venizelos: two statesmen whose every thought was for the good of
their nation -- two statesmen who earlier this century set in
motion a generation of peace between Turkey and Greece. //
Greece and Turkey have been allies in NATO -- partners in
the coalition that liberated Kuwait -- free nations devoted to a
common ideal. And yet -- Greece and Turkey's own relations are
beset by mistrust and suspicion, animosity and ill will. //
This sad chapter in the history of two great nations must
end. No two nations who cherish democracy should regard each
other as enemies. Greece and Turkey must bridge the gulf of
mistrust that has separated two great nations for so many
decades. Resolve your differences -- restore the peace that
benefits both nations.
I am convinced the time is right. I am convinced the
leadership exists in both Turkey and Greece to set aside old
5
animosities -- and seize an opportunity for real peace.
[ [POSSIBLE UPDATE HERE. ]] ///
Mr. Prime Minister, members of the Turkish Government:
there should be no doubt that through its own efforts, Turkey has
earned its place in Europe. Turkey deserves entry into the
European Community and the Western European Union -- and Turkey
can count on America's support. //
Well before the fall of the Berlin Wall unleashed free
market forces in Eastern Europe, Turkey was a pioneer in market
Kitty
reform. In the 1980's, Turkey outpaced every nation in the OECD
Fur CEA long
in economic growth. In the '90's -- as new nations discover the
+5062
power of free enterprise, as democracy dispels a long dark era of
GDP UP division and distrust -- Turkey can once regain its historic
53%
89
from
79- place as a trade hub, uniting Europe -- East and West -- to Asia
and the Middle East. //
Turkey stands as a model in its own region. Other nations
can draw from Turkey's example confidence that they can reach out
toward modernity, while holding fast to Moslem traditions.
Regimes that force a false choice between progress and piety --
between technology and tradition -- are refuted by the Turkish
experience. Turkey proves that a nation can build a flourishing
democracy -- embrace freedom and tolerance -- and still sustain
its ancient faith. //
Turkey today is fulfilling the vision of Ataturk: a vision
evident in this city, with its minarets and modern skyscrapers -
6
- a vision that marks out Turkey's destiny in the region, and in
the world beyond. ///
More than thirty years ago, President Dwight Eisenhower came
to your country on a pilgrimage of freedom -- a visit I know many
of you remember to this day. In the generation since then,
dinner
touth
Turkey turned promise into prosperity -- creating a future few
would have thought possible. / But for all that has changed,
12-6-59
one fundamental fact remains the same: in the words of
Eisenhower, "No power on earth, no evil, no threat, can frustrate
a people of your spirit." //
Once again, I thank all of you for warm welcome I have
received in Ankara, and here in Istanbul. / May our two nations
always work to preserve peace, freedom and prosperity -- and may
God bless the people of Turkey.
# # #