Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323153574
label
Thornburgh Fundraiser 10/2/91 [OA 8329] [3]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323153574
contentType
document
title
Thornburgh Fundraiser 10/2/91 [OA 8329] [3]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13774-011
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323153574
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
154bfb029904b7d4
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S; 2005-0439-F
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13774
Folder ID Number:
13774-011
Folder Title:
Thornburgh Fundraiser 10/2/91 [OA 8329] [3]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
21
6
6
Grant/Nix
SEE P.2, P.4
September 26, 1991
A:PENNGOP
Draft two
BRIEF REMARKS: THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1991
12:10 P.M.
[acknowledgements]
((It's great to be here in the home of the National League
East champions. If you think you're glad that Barry Bonds and
Bobby Bonilla [Bo-NEE-ya] are each a Pittsburgh Pirate, just wait
until you see Dick Thornburgh as a Washington Senator. // ))
It's a pleasure to be here in Pittsburgh, Dick Thornburgh's
hometown. It's also the hometown of a man known to everyone
here: Senator John Heinz. When we lost John Heinz, we lost a man
of integrity and compassion, a public servant whose dedication
was as tireless as his strength of purpose. His family should
know that our thoughts and prayers are with them.
When the time came to do the seemingly impossible and name a
successor to Senator Heinz, the first person this Party turned to
was a man also known for his integrity and compassion, a public
servant with a record of commitment to the people of
Pennsylvania. That man was Dick Thornburgh. / /
( (You know, I've called Dick Thornburgh a lot of names in my
time
"Governor"
"Attorney General"
"hey you"
But
the one I like best is: "United States Senator. "))
I'm not surprised that the Pennsylvania Republican Party
asked Dick to run for the Senate. He's a leader voters already
know -- and a man they trust. I saw the same qualities in him
2
all of you did, and I asked him to join my Cabinet as one of my
first appointments in the new Administration.
Since those first few days in office, we've seen a lot of
change in the world -- the Revolution of '89 swept through
Eastern Europe, across Asia, Africa, even right here in the
Americas. Today in the Soviet Union, people talk about freedom,
and not about the stale dogma of Marxism. This August, when a
coup threatened the forces for democracy in Moscow, the American
people stood firmly on the side of freedom -- against the coup
plotters and with the people of the Soviet Union. //
I know that Dick went over to the Soviet Union several times
recently, in order to help the Soviet people establish the rule
of law while creating free markets and opening new opportunities.
We believe in the power of the individual, and in the magic of
imagination. We also believe in the fundamental right to life,
liberty and property. It is only under the rule of law and not
the law of the jungle -- that people can have the opportunity to
LIVES
build a better life for themselves.
I believe that no matter who you are or where you live, we
all want our children to have it better than we did. That's true
whether you live in Allison Park or on the South Side ( (Whoops
let me say that again the Pittsburgh way -- "Sou-Side"?) )
That's what our domestic agenda is all about: creating
opportunity and hope for a better life. We begin -- not by
giving you government handouts -- but by trusting you. We
11
3
believe that the true power and potential in America must reside
in the hands of the people.
For example, we believe that tenants of public housing
should manage -- and someday, own -- their own homes. People
should have the opportunity to manage their own affairs, and
control their own destiny.
We also think that the first civil right in this country is
freedom from fear -- and under Dick's leadership we proposed the
most comprehensive crime package in American history. We can't
expect people to take advantage of night classes or put in late
hours to earn a promotion if they're afraid to be out of the
house after dark. It's time to get violence and drugs out of our
neighborhoods, our workplaces, and our schools --- because fear of
crime means loss of opportunity.
We want to put power in the hands of the family. We think
parents and students -- not bureaucrats -- should choose the
school their children attend -- they're the ones who know best.
Our America 2000 strategy seeks to create a new generation of
schools, and a nation of students. We deserve an education
system that gives every American the power to make the American
Dream come alive for them.
But even if you have a place to call your own, a safe
neighborhood and a good education, opportunity means nothing
unless you have a job. Dick knows what I'm talking about. When
he was first elected governor, Pennsylvania's unemployment rate
was among the ten highest in the nation. It dropped to among the
4
ten lowest by the time he was finished, and employment reached an
all-time high. Pennsylvanians created over 500,000 new jobs in
his second term, and he led the way as the state's economy became
one of the strongest and most diversified in the nation. At the
same time, he turned the state's budget deficit into surplusses,
and cut personal income and corporate taxes as well.
Governor Thornburgh looked to the future -- laid the
foundation for an economic transition for Pennsylvania. Here in
Pittsburgh, he supported new enterprises that transformed the
Steel City into a home for a diverse mix of industries: high tech
manufacturers, corporate services, health care providers and
educational institutions.
When others despaired of dying industries and hid from
change, Dick Thornburgh saw opportunity for growth -- and a
better life for the next generation.
That's the kind of vision we need in Washington. That's why
we need Dick Thornburgh in the United States Senate. ///
If we had Dick on Capitol Hill, our crime bill wouldn't be
sitting around collecting dust
neither would our
transportation bill
and our energy package
and our
housing reforms
and our education strategy
and our
economic growth package certainly wouldn't be gathering cobwebs
(new paragraph)
up on Capitol Hill.
Our growth agenda creates the right climate
for business to flourish.
We want to bring down the tax on capital gains -- so that
entrepreneurs will invest money in new businesses, new ideas, and
5
new jobs. We want to bring down the deficit -- and hold the line
on Congressional spending.
We must build on our strengths. In the last four years, our
exports have increased 55 percent, more than twice the rate of
import growth. Exports have galvanized our economy. They foster
growth, they create opportunity, they produce prosperity for all
Americans.
That's why we say that G.O.P. stands for Growth, Opportunity
and Prosperity. Whether the issue is energy or education or
economics --- we believe in the power of the individual. But in
order to promote opportunity at home and competitiveness abroad,
we need more Republicans. //
Pennsylvanians deserve integrity and commitment in their
public servants. Pennsylvanians need leaders of courage and
conviction. They need Dick Thornburgh. 111 And I predict that
in just over six weeks, Dick Thornburgh will be the next United
States Senator.
Keep up the good fight
...
get out the vote on election
night
and God bless each and every one of you.
# # #
SEP-24-1991 14:39 FROM CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.01/26
MATT
Chamber Facsimile Number
412-392-4520
Chamber
Greater Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce Three Gateway Center Pittsburgh, PA 15222
* * Facsimile Cover Letter * * *
Please deliver the following pages to:
TO:
Name:
Michelle Nix
Organization: c/o Speech Writing
The white House
FROM:
Name of Document:
FACTS ON PittsBURGH
Date:
Fax Number Called:
202-456-6218
Total Number of Pages (including cover letter):
26
Facsimile Operator Name:
Lisa Berger)
If you do not receive all of the pages, please call the operator listed above at 412-392-4519
Special Comments or Instructions:
CAMPAIGNS '91
10 PA SENATE: WOFFORD STEPS UP BCCI ATTACKS ON THORNBURGH
The race, "expected to be rough and tumble, but so far soft
and tepid, got a little hotter" (Nicole Weisenee, STATES
NEWS/PHILA. DAILY NEWS, 9/12). At a press conference outside the
DOJ, Sen. Harris Wofford (D) took ex-AG Dick Thornburgh (R) "to
task for laxity in investigating" the BCCI scandal. Thornburgh
spokesperson Dan Eramian "dismissed Wofford's allegations as a
publicity stunt": "We would encourage [Wofford] to return to his
office and attempt to fulfill the temporary role" he was
assigned. Wofford's campaign "says the BCCI scandal is a
legitimate issue because Thornburgh has asked to be judged on his
record" (Katharine Seelye, PHILA. INQUIRER, 9/12). Wofford's
campaign stated that until the scandal broke this summer, the DoJ
"had only one assistant U.S. Attorney working part-time on the
case" (Wofford release, 9/11). Wofford manager Paul Begala: "We
won't let up on this until Thornburgh answers what he knew.'
Eramian also said "Wofford made several 'misrepresentations'" in
his allegations, but when "[a]sked for specifics, he referred
reporters to the [DoJ]. DoJ spokesperson Doug Tillett,
referring to secret BCCI tape recordings that the DoJ was said to
have possessed for two years (see HOTLINE 9/11), said "there
would have been no reason for [Thornburgh] to have been
personally involved." Asked when Thornburgh did get involved,
Tillett replied, "I have no idea" (Seelye, PI). Thornburgh: "I
never heard of this tape. The first I heard of it was when I
read about it in the papers. We have thousands of investigations
going on and I can't keep up with the details of every one of
them" (Harry Stoffer, PITTSBURG POST-GAZETTE, 9/12). Wofford:
"Thornburgh boasts that he knows the corridors of power in
Washington. The question is, 'Did he know what was going on in
the hallways of the Justice Department?'" (Blood, AP, 9/12).
WHAT'S TO COME? Pres. Bush's campaigns for Thornburgh in
Phila. today, in a "swing state between the media centers of [NY]
and Washington" (Gary Tuma, POST-GAZETTE). "It would seem to be
the perfect testing ground for 1992, but "anyone looking at this
race through the prism of national politics could be misled.
...
Local issues, more than national topics, more often influence the
outcome. " Also national $-raising is "likely to favor
Thornburgh. Wofford will "face a hurdle in the ailing condition"
of the DSCC, which is allowed to donate $984,000 to Wofford, but
only has $123,000 cash-on-hand and a debt of $285,000 (9/12).
Thornburgh will probably raise $500,000 from the $1,000/plate
event tonight. "Among those planning a 'demonstration of rage'
against Bush policies are thousands from labor unions, welfare-
rights groups, abortion-rights organizations and the highly vocal
Act Up" (Seelye, INQUIRER, 9/12).
THE TENSION IS BUILDING: Sen. Arlen Specter (R), "in an
unusual break from traditional Senate collegiality," accused
Wofford "of unjustifiably taking credit for winning approval of
funds for Allegheny County busways." Wofford issued a statement
"saying he had persuaded" a transportation appropriations subcmte
to earmark $15 million for busway expansions" and quoted subcmte
chair Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ) as saying Wofford "did an
outstanding job of convincing the subcommittee of the merits of
the project' and that he has demonstrated 'impressive ability to
work with his fellow senators on behalf of the people of [PA]."
A Specter spokesperson called it "a very blatant attempt to give
CAMPAIGNS '91
in on Clanton's "one-time bankruptcy and lawsuits and Fordice's
late tax payments.' After Fordice "denied that he had been taken
to court over late [LA] taxes, Johnson produced a copy of a May
judgement that forced Fordice to pay the taxes. " After the
debate, Fordice "called Johnson's campaign 'about sleaze and dirt
and mudslinging": "I can't believe you could say we teamed up
unfairly against that dirt ball." Though both Fordice and
Clanton "said they could not support" Johnson in a general
election, Johnson said he would support "either Clanton or
Fordice if they receive" the nomination (C.R. Harper, Biloxi-
Gulfport SUN HERALD, 9/12).
*10
PENNSYLVANIA SENATE:
BUSH STUMPS FOR THORNBURGH AND HIMSELF
"Before a friendly, overflow crowd at Hotel atop the
Bellevue," President Bush and ex-AG Dick Thornburgh (R) "heaped
so many superlatives on each other last night that it was
sometimes hard to tell which one was the candidate" (Katharine
Seelye, PHILA. INQUIRER). Thornburgh also picked up money, "a
hefty $710, 000, but it was "clear both are running." Both Bush
and Thornburgh, in a "preview" of Bush's re-election "emphasized
what they said was Bush's attention to domestic issues -- the
only problem being the [Dem] Congress" (9/13). Bush: "Their
domestic agenda is to attack my domestic agenda Something's
wrong when we can push foreign forces out of Kuwait but we can't
push our domestic agenda through Congress" (Joe Sewach,
Harrisburg PATRIOT NEWS). Bush also said the 11/92 special
election "could be a preview of things to come" in next year's
Senate races: "Look at the big picture as well as what's best
for Pennsylvania" (9/13). Saying that Barbara was "as strongly
convinced as I am that Dick Thornburgh is the man for the job,'
Bush also promised that Barbara would campaign for Thornburgh.
He then "went on to sound the Thornburgh campaign themes of tough
fiscal management, integrity in [govt], toughness on crime, and,
in a final flourish, added: 'I firmly believe it is because of
Dick that we are winning this war on drugs." Bush did make one
"highly unusual move" last night (Seelye, INQUIRER). Philly GOP
mayoral nominee Joe Egan was "allowed to use the presidential
photo session to leverage contributions for his struggling
campaign." Egan finance co-chair/atty Charles Kopp: "Joe was
allowed to tell people that if they would give $10,000 to his
campaign, they could get a picture" with Bush. Bush: "I'm proud
to be up with Joe Egan and I hope to see him win, and I hope
you'll all support him" (Moran/Davies, PHILA. DAILY NEWS, 9/13).
Before the Thornburgh event, Bush toured the Veterans Affairs
Medical Center where he spoke on drugs and treatment.
VISIT BY BUSH SPARKS MELEE: "A violent confrontation
between police and militant AIDS protestors
overshadowed"
Bush's "carefully programmed visit" to Philly (Moran/Davies,
DAILY NEWS). The "nightstick and fist-swinging melee left" four
policemen and two protestors injured, "including one protestor
bleeding from the head. Just "moments before the melee, Bush
had slipped into the Hotel
by a rear door." As many as 7,500
protestors showed up outside the hotel (9/13) Besides the AIDS
protestors, the crowd included "hundreds of workers from the
[Philly] Naval Shipyard, as well as trade unionists, abortion
rights groups, senior citizens and others" (Clark/Tofani,
PAIGNS '91
*10 PENNSYLVANIA SENATE: WOFFORD TAKES AIM AT SWING VOTERS
"In his television premiere to [PA] voters, Sen. Harris
Wofford [D] began portraying himself" as a man "rolling up his
sleeves for [PA] on two classic [Dem] fronts -- health insurance
and trade" (Katharine Seelye, PHILA. INQUIRER). The two 30-sec.
spots are "aimed at the middle- and working-class [Dems] whom
strategists have identified as the swing voters who could decide"
the race between Wofford and ex-AG Dick Thornburgh (R). Wofford
manager Paul Begala: "We're not here to be a testing ground for
national [Dem] themes. But if George Bush's domestic policy is
to be put on trial, then the place to begin that trial is [PA]."
In the health-care spot, Wofford "stands in a hospital and says
-- seemingly incongruously, for the setting -- that the
Constitution guarantees criminals the right to a lawyer": "If
criminals have the right to a lawyer, I think working Americans
should have the right to a doctor. That's why I'm fighting for
national heath insurance in the Senate." Thornburgh spokesperson
Murray Dickman: "Wofford is proposing something that has no
price tag. This is very dangerous, and it shows he is a tax-and-
spender.' Wofford's second ad shows him in a steel factory
"speaking out against" the free trade agreement with Mexico: "If
that trade agreement passes, American plants and the jobs that go
with them could be lost to Mexico, where workers are paid five
dollars a day. In his "only mention" of Thornburgh in the ads,
he notes Thornburgh "says we ought to put the Mexico free trade
agreement on a fast track. I disagree." Dickman "said Thornburgh
generally supported the trade agreement, noting it had created
10,000 jobs in [PA], but that he 'reserved the right to argue
against any trade agreement that hurts [PA]" (9/10). Begala said
the ads "reflect" the different styles of the candidates: "From
Thornburgh's (ads), you see complacency and self satisfaction.
Wofford is direct and powerful and has an edge of anger. He
thinks we aren't doing enough, that we can do better." He also
said Wofford waited a week after Thornburgh's ads went up "in
part because ad rates are lower now" (INQ., 9/10).
*11 KENTUCKY GOVERNOR: HOPKINS' AND THE RIGHT TO WORK
In a shift of strategy, "pro-business" Rep. Larry Hopkins
(R-06) has begun "making more of an issue that draws some of the
sharpest dividing lines in politics -- the 'right-to-work' law"
(Al Cross, Louisville COURIER-JOURNAL). Last month, Hopkins told
the KY Chamber of Commerce that "if elected he would sign" a
right-to-work law, which bars labor contracts that require
employees to join unions: "I think you ought to be able to
belong to any organization you would like
but I do not
believe you should have to belong to [a union] to keep a job.'
LG Brereton Jones (D) is endorsed by the KY AFL-CIO. Jones
spokesperson Diana Taylor: "If Hopkins will so easily adopt a
divisive approach as a candidate, how can he possibly hope bring
people together as governor?" Right-to-work played "a major
role" in the 1983 Dem. primary, when now-KY Dem chair Grady
Stumbo picked up support after Harvey Sloane "declined to repeat
his 1979 pledge to veto a right-to-work law." Stumbo finished a
close third, allowing Martha Layne Collins to beat Sloane (9/10).
*12 LOUISIANA GOVERNOR: BLANCO DROPS OUT
CAMPAIGNS '91
*10 PENNSYLVANIA SENATE: SEE DICK RUN TV ADS
The "expected rough and tumble" race between Sen. Harris
Wofford (D) and ex-Gov. Dick Thornburgh (R) started on TV like
"the political equivalent of a smiley face" (John Baer, PHILA.
DAILY NEWS). Thornburgh is first on the air "with an ad that
blows the state a kiss.
A folksy shirtsleeved Thornburgh
walks and talks in a knottypine living room, gently reminding
people he was once governor and that things 'back when' were
better." Thornburgh media consultant Greg Stevens on the ad
which "implies that Thornburgh brought jobs to the state" as
gov.: "We felt it was a good idea for Pennsylvanians to see the
Dick Thornburgh they know and respect before Wofford starts
spewing some of his poison." Wofford's camp "won't say when his
commercials will start, although next week is a good bet" (9/5).
PHILA. INQUIRER's Katharine Seelye notes the "out-of-the-box
blitz, running statewide on all network affiliates in prime time,
is strong evidence that Thornburgh's fund-raising apparatus,
which kicked in" 8/15, the day after he resigned as AG, "is
meeting with huge success.
The ad also confirms predictions
by some analysts that Thornburgh's strategy, initially, would be
to recall his record as governor in an attempt to counter his
mixed reviews as [AG] and the swipes" from Team Wofford (9/4).
On 9/5, Gov. Bob Casey (D) "spent much of his news conference
picking apart" Thornburgh's gov. record, saying in two terms,
Thornburgh enacted $5 million in tax increases and turned a "deaf
ear" on the steel industry. Noting the Thornburgh ad's job
creation statements, Casey said unemployment in PA rose to 14%
during that time. Casey: "I didn't ask to get dragged into this
fight. But if that's going to be the approach, I'll oblige"
(Zausner, INQUIRER, 9/6). Wofford was at Tavern on the Green
after the Paul Simon concert in Central Park last month "working
the crowd." Prominent New Yorkers he spoke to "received phone
calls from Wofford's staff, reminding them of the enchanting
minutes they shared" with Wofford. "Then -- wham! -- they're
asked if they'd like to make a contribution" (N.Y. POST, 9/4).
NUMBERS: A Wofford poll of 601 likely voters, conducted by
Donilon and Petts, shows Wofford trailing Thornburgh 65-21%, with
Wofford only showing a 27% name ID. "But one question later
...
Wofford suddenly was winning." After the pollsters "laid out a
summary of Wofford's campaign message: that he favors national
health insurance, wants tax cuts and college loans for the middle
class" and Thornburgh's record as gov. "his tax cuts after two
terms, his leadership on a tough anti-crime bill and his stand
against racial quotas," Wofford led 45-42%. Pollsters' memo:
"this question ... included no negative information on either
candidate." Thornburgh "gave no indication" that he knew of the
poll and again linked Wofford to Casey's tax increases:
"[Wofford] has the nerve to talk about going to Washington to cut
taxes. I think he lacks any credibility as a tax-cutter in this
campaign" (Dennis Roddy, PITTSBURGH PRESS, 9/4). The two make
their first joint appearance, taping the public TV show, "The
Editors" to air tonight (AP, 9/6).
*11 LOUISIANA GOVERNOR: ROEMER FOCUSES ON EDUCATION
Gov. Buddy Roemer (R) vowed to keep pressing for teacher
evaluation, "an issue that has alienated many of [LA's] 41,000
teachers": "My commitment to the teachers is that we'll do it
CAMPAIGNS '91
*14 PENNSYLVANIA SENATE: THORNBURGH OFFICIALLY CROWNED NOMINEE
At the PA GOP meeting 8/30, "Teary eyed [GOPers] honored
their fallen icon," Sen. John Heinz, while portraying ex-Gov Dick
Thornburgh as the "heir" to the Senate seat (Harrisburg PATRIOT,
8/31). Thornburgh's speech was "mostly a message that he'll work
on lowering taxes, fighting crime and creating jobs and a better
economy. Thornburgh: "I will not let you down." PA NOW pres.
Chris Niebrzydowski -- one of 30 NOW protesters who "marred" the
"political love-in" by picketing outside the hotel -- on
Thornburgh "becoming more anti-abortion than when he first ran"
for gov: "He sold his soul. He is a prostitute" (John Baer,
PHILA. DAILY NEWS, 8/31). Bethlehem Steel workers "didn't seem
all that impressed" with Sen. Harris Wofford (D) during his
visit. "Many walked right past the senator and the clump of
reporters." Wofford did have "at least one thing going for him
here" -- The steel workers were "nearly unanimous in their
dislike for Thornburgh" (Stetz, Harrisburg PATRIOT-NEWS, 9/1).
"MICROWAVE" POLITICS: Some analysts say "the only way
Wofford can win is to destroy Thornburgh's reputation for
credibility with a barrage of negative TV ads" (Joseph Serwach,
PATRIOT-NEWS, 9/1). But PHILA. INQUIRER's Katharine Seelye asks,
if the Dems want "to keep a George Bush tidal wave from washing
out [Dems] across the country why didn't Wofford take
advantage of having the race to himself for two months and go on
the air sooner?" (9/1). Wofford manager Paul Begala: "It's a
two-stage enterprise for us -- raise money and raise hell."
Thornburgh's tactic has been "to say good things about himself
and to largely ignore his lesser-known [Dem] opponent. But if
attacks by Wofford start getting enough attention, Thornburgh
backers say, watch for a furious counterattack" (Serwach, 9/1).
Both camps are "using surrogates" to make their points --
Thornburgh is "bashing the Casey administration ... which has
just put in place the single biggest tax increase in state
history. Similarly, Wofford, in a trial heat for the national
[Dems in '92], is bashing what he calls the Bush administration's
failed domestic policies" (Seelye, 9/1).
TV: Thornburgh plans to begin 30-second TV spots today in a
statewide buy. Thornburgh manager Michele Davis: "We'll be
talking about how the state has been a little bit off-track an
how [Thornburgh] wants to set it right" (PITTSBURGH POST-
GAZETTE, 8/31).
*15 LOUISIANA GOVERNOR: POLL SHOWS ROEMER, EDWARDS STILL LEAD
A poll for Franklin Mayor Sam Jones (D), conducted 8/14-18
by McKeon & Assoc., surveyed 600 registered voters; margin of
error +/- 4%. Candidates: Jones, Gov. Buddy Roemer (R), ex-Gov.
Edwin Edwards (D), state Rep. David Duke (R), ex-Banking Commis.
Fred Dent (D), Rep. Clyde Holloway (R-08), Public Services
Commis. Kathleen Blanco (D), Delgado College prof. Ann Thompson
(R).
ALL
DEMS
GOP
IND
BLACK
WHITE
Roemer
20.8%
18.2%
30.9%
17.2%
15.8%
21.5%
Edwards
20.1
27.2
10.9
16.5
36.3
16.2
Duke
16.5
13.1
21.7
18.2
6.4
19.6
Blanco
6.8
5.6
7.9
7.6
4.9
6.6
<ORIG> UPI
Sen. Heinz
<TOR> 910404142903
<TEXT>U A BC-PLANECRASH: 230PES LD-WRITETHRU 4-4 0572
URGENT
(COMBINING TAKES)
SENATOR HEINZ, SIX OTHERS DIE IN PLANE CRASH@
MERION, PA. (UPI) SEN. JOHN HEINZ AND SIX OTHER PEOPLE WERE KILLED
THURSDAY WHEN HIS SMALL PLANE COLLIDED WITH A HELICOPTER OVER SUBURBAN
PHILADELPHIA AND PLUMMETED IN FLAMES INTO A SCHOOL YARD, AUTHORITIES
SAID.
AUTHORITIES SAID THE PENNSYLVANIA REPUBLICAN AND HEIR TO THE H.J.
HEINZ CO. KETCHUP AND PICKLE EMPIRE, WAS ON HIS WAY TO PHILADELPHIA FROM
AN APPEARANCE IN LYCOMING COUNTY WHEN THE CRASH OCCURRED SHORTLY AFTER
NOON.
THE DEAD INCLUDED HEINZ AND TWO OTHER PEOPLE ABOARD THE PLANE, TWO
PEOPLE ABOARD THE HELICOPTER AND TWO CHILDREN ON THE GROUND, THE
AUTHORITIES SAID.
THE CHILDREN WERE KILLED BY FLAMING DEBRIS WHILE THEY PLAYED OUTSIDE
THE MERION MIDDLE SCHOOL IN LOWER MERION TOWNSHIP, MONTGOMERY TOWNSHIP,
THE AUTHORITIES SAID.
''I SAW A FIREMAN YELLING 'THERE'S CHILDREN. THERE'S CHILDREN,
SAID STEVE LIPSHUTZ, WHO LIVES ABOUT THREE BLOCKS FROM THE SCHOOL.
"ALL I COULD SEE WAS SMOLDERING WRECKAGE.
OTHER WITNESSES REPORTED SEEING THREE BODIES COVERED WITH BLANKETS ON
THE SCHOOL PLAYGROUND.
A FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL SAID THE PLANE WAS
APPARENTLY EXPERIENCING PROBLEMS WITH ITS LANDING GEAR ON APPROACH TO
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, AND A SUN OIL HELICOPTER WAS
DISPATCHED TO EXAMINE THE PROBLEM FROM THE AIR.
HEINZ, 52, WAS HEIR TO THE H.J. HEINZ CO. EMPIRE, WHICH WAS BEGUN BY
HIS GRANDFATHER AND RUN BY HIS FATHER.
IN 1976 HEINZ WON ELECTION TO THE SENATE BY DEFEATING DEMOCRATIC REP.
WILLIAM GREEN III, WHO LATER BECAME MAYOR OF PHILADELPHIA. HE SPENT A
TOTAL OF $6 MILLION IN HIS PRIMARY AND GENERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS,
INCLUDING $2.5 MILLION OF HIS OWN MONEY.
AS A SENATOR, HEINZ WAS EXTREMELY POPULAR WITH PENNSYLVANIA VOTERS.
AS A REPUBLICAN, HE MAINTAINED A LIBERAL VOTING RECORD, ESPECIALLY ON
LABOR ISSUES. THE PENNSYLVANIA BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION TRADES UNION
ENDORSED HIM FOR A SECOND TERM A FULL YEAR BEFORE THE ELECTION AND
BEFORE THE DEMOCRATS HAD EVEN SLATED AN OPPONENT.
HEINZ CONCENTRATED ON ISSUES AFFECTING THE WELL-BEING OF HIS STATE
RATHER THAN NATIONAL MATTERS.
HEINZ GRADUATED FROM YALE UNIVERSITY AND WENT TO WORK IN THE FAMILY
BUSINESS. HE LEFT KETCHUP AND PICKLES BEHIND IN 1971 TO RUN SUCCESSFULLY
FOR A VACANCY IN THE HOUSE.
HEINZ'S GREAT-GRANDFATHER FOUNDED THE HEINZ COMPANY IN SHARPSBURG IN
1869, DEVELOPED IT INTO A WORLDWIDE FOOD PROCESSING COMPANY ONE OF THE
LARGEST IN THE INDUSTRY AND COINED THE PHRASE ''57 VARIETIES'' TO
ADVERTISE HEINZ PRODUCTS.
HEINZ'S FATHER, HENRY J. HEINZ II, CHAIRMAN OF THE H.J. HEINZ CO.
EMPIRE SINCE 1959, DIED FEB. 23, 1987, AT AGE 78 FOLLOWING A SHORT
ILLNESS AT HIS FLORIDA HOME.
HEINZ' NET WORTH, LISTED AT BETWEEN $9 MILLION AND $16 MILLION IN
1979, MADE HIM ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST MEN EVER TO SERVE IN THE SENATE.
HEINZ WAS MARRIED TO TERESA SIMOES-FERREIRA. THEY HAD THREE CHILDREN.
HEINZ BECAME A VEHEMENT OPPONENT OF U.S. FREE TRADE AND INTRODUCED
LEGISLATION TO RESTRICT FOREIGN COUNTRIES FROM DUMPING STEEL IN THE
UNITED STATES AT PRICES BELOW THE COST OF PRODUCTION. HE ALSO ADVOCATED
PROTECTION AGAINST PRODUCTS SUBSIDIZED BY FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
(Aboard Air Force One)
For Immediate Release
April 4, 1991
STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT
Barbara and I are deeply saddened by the news of the plane crash
today in Pennsylvania in which U.S. Senator John Heinz and others
have been killed. While all of the facts about this tragic
accident are still unclear, our condolences go out to the
families of all those killed or injured.
The people of Pennsylvania have lost a great leader and the
nation has lost a great Senator. In particular, his steadfast
efforts to protect Social Security and health care benefits for
the elderly, his work to ensure both free and fair trade with our
trading partners, and his commitment to protecting the
environment have touched the lives of all Americans. His
leadership and commitment will be greatly missed.
Adding to this tragedy is the apparent loss of life of at least
two school children killed when the wreckage hit the ground and
those piloting the aircrafts involved in the accident.
John Heinz was a close friend of our family. Barbara and I join
the citizens of Pennsylvania and all Americans in extending
sympathy and prayers to his wife Teresa, and his sons John,
Andre, and Chris. Our hearts go out to the families in Merion,
Pennsylvania who have suffered loss as a result of the accident.
#
#
#
LCON/PENNSYLVANIA
1021
with nearly 60% and ran just ahead of Dukakis;
Election Results
7 votes.
988 general
Denny Smith (R)
seem to have a psychological hold on him; back
111,489
(50%)
Mike Kopetski (D)
($559,616)
he could have chosen to run in the much more
110,782
988 primary
(50%)
Denny Smith (R), unopposed
($351,806)
se the 5th because he lives in Salem, though he
986 general
Denny Smith (R)
125,906
d as a candidate for statewide office, though he
Barbara Ross (D)
(60%)
($312,236)
82,290
(40%)
and won't run against one of the state's two
($87,129)
d retire in 1990 or Bob Packwood in 1992
980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,120, up 41.1% 1970-80
PENNSYLVANIA
63% married couples; 32.4% housing units rented
2,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 375,567; 2% Spanist
years ago Pennsylvania was, as its nickname noted, the Keystone State. It was the nation's
121,553
(50%)
producer of energy at a time when almost all industry was fueled and most homes were
116,348
(48%)
with coal. It was also the nation's most important heavy manufacturing state, with its
steel plants and small foundries, and one of its chief transportation hubs: the home of the
ennsvlvania Railroad (the nation's largest) and the pathway through which passed most of the
). Jan. 19, 1938, Ontario; home. Salem; Willametz
traveling between the interior of the country and the Atlantic. "Today, the mention of
Baptist; divorced.
Pennsylvania probably calls up, first of all," wrote the WPA Guide 50 years ago, "a picture of an
orce. 1958-67; Pilot/Flight Engineer, Pan-Am Air
dustrial commonwealth, with belching blast furnaces, labor problems, and all the spectacular
Chmn., family newspaper chain, 1976-present.
catures of an industrial civilization." The Guide points out that Pennsylvania still had many
farming regions and quaint Pennsylvania Dutch and Quaker remnants, but it concedes
LHOB 20515, 202-225-5711. Also P.O. Box 13089
more typical were regions "where the plow no longer turns the furrow but has been
S.E., Ste. 40, Salem 97309, 503-399-5756.
manently laid aside for the hydraulic drill. Fields no longer tilled have been gutted by quarry
Budget (4th of 14 R). Task Forces: Community
shaft. and mountains have surrendered their wealth of coal and iron."
nd Natural Resources; Defense, Foreign Policy
This was not the future that seemed likely to the men who voted the Declaration of
nic Policy, Projections and Revenues. Interior
(5th of 15 R). Subcommittees: Energy and
tependence and drafted the Constitution in 1776 and 1787 in Philadelphia, a city which, with
Water. Power and Offshore Energy Resource
people. was America's first city, and a state which had a fair claim to being its first state.
Ivania was one of the newer colonies, founded 50 years after the Puritans established New
ber).
and 70 years after the settlement of the first of the Chesapeake tobacco colonies,
I nder the benevolent rule of the Penns and with its Quaker traditions, Pennsylvania
expecame the major settlement in the Middle Colonies: its tolerance attracted Englishmen of
and Germans as well. Its vast and available farmlands west to the first Appalachian
CV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
attracted thousands of yeoman farmers, and poor Scots-Irish farmers were crossing the
25
96
100
92
ridges and settling the mountainous interior where Braddock had been beaten by
93
95
-
100
tench the and Indians not long before and where George Washington would lead troops again
-
-
Whiskey Rebellion flared up a decade later. On the banks of a wide estuary, with its
commerce and rich hinterland, Philadelphia seemed destined to be the London of
the capital and metropolis and academy all rolled into one.
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
-
89%
history took a few unexpected turns. Philadelphia and Pennsylvania have remained
0%
10%
85%
the most important American cities and states, but they have not occupied the central
-
27%
-
73%
the Founding Fathers expected. The nation's capital went to the Potomac, as part of a
deal. rather than to the Delaware. The Appalachian chains stalled the early develop-
transportation arteries west from Philadelphia, while New Yorkers were building the
Test
FOR
9) SDI Researc
and the water-level railroad line which became the New York Central. By 1830,
h Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem
by was eclipsed by Washington in government and New York in commerce, and
Boston in culture.
Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contr
Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Te
The in the 19th century became instead the energy and heavy industry capital of
key was coal: northeast Pennsylvania was the nation's primary source of
1022
PENNSYLVANIA
anthracite, the hard coal used for home heating; western Pennsylvania was the major source
bituminous coal, the soft coal used in producing steel and other industrial products. As a resu
the area around Pittsburgh, where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers join to become t
Ohio, was the center of the nation's steel industry by 1890. Immigrants poured in from Euro
and from the surrounding hills to work in the mines and the factories; and Pittsburgh becan
synonymous with industrial prosperity, the inspiration behind the civic pride that celebrate
chuffing smokestacks. In 1900, Pennsylvania was the nation's second largest state and growir
rapidly.
The boom ended conclusively with the Depression of the 1930s, and in parts of Pennsylvan:
good times have never really returned. The coal industry collapsed after World War II, as bot
home heating and industry switched out of coal; John L. Lewis's United Mine Workers decide
to seek higher pay and benefits for fewer workers, and cooperated in sharply cutting the CO
work force. Even when coal use rose sharply in the 1970s, the emphasis was on capital-intensiv
means of extraction, such as strip mines, and there are still far fewer jobs than in the 1940s; th
anthracite country now lives on the apparel industry, and has had almost constant outmigratio:
over the past 40 years. Most important, Pennsylvania steel has long since ceased to be a growt.
industry. American steel companies dispersed their operations, made bad guesses about nev
technology, and suffered from low-wage competition in a world in which almost every natior
thinks it must have the prestige of having its own steel industry. By 1969, the steel manufactur
ers and the United Steelworkers-after a series of amicable agreements for ever higher wages-
persuaded the federal government to limit steel imports. Predictably, that stimulated rather
than assuaged demands for protection, which in the late 1980s became fiercer than ever. A
century ago the steel producers made Pennsylvania the classic high-tariff state, when they
sought protection for what they called infant industries. Now, in the late 20th century.
Pennsylvania seems to be seeking protection for industries which have grown senile.
These economic developments left Pennsylvania in sorry shape for a long time. People
growing up here were as likely to leave the state as stay, and out-of-staters showed no interest in
moving in. Compared to the growth areas of the Sun Belt, with their garden condominiums and
shopping malls, the cities and small towns of Pennsylvania give the traveler a sense of being 40 or
50 years back in time; you can see, little changed, the suburb where John Updike lived as a boy
and the gritty coal town where John O'Hara grew up. Sometimes the trip is pleasant, as in the
spanking clean 1920s downtown of Lancaster, surrounded by early 19th century row houses.
Sometimes it is grim, as in the coal towns where houses stand unoccupied and the woods and
brush creep up to the edge of neighborhoods built 60 years ago. In 1930, after its last decade of
above-national-average economic growth, Pennsylvania had 9.5 million people. In 1986, the
number stood at 11.9 million-by far the smallest long-term growth among the nation's biggest
states. Pennsylvania, easily the second largest state in 1940, by the late 1980s had been passed
long since not only by California and then the new energy capital of Texas, but more recently by
Florida. This sluggish growth has had political consequences. As recently as 1950, Pennsylvania
had 32 seats in the House of Representatives. Now it has 23, and after the 1990 Census it is
expected to have 21.
As the 1980s end, increasingly there seem to be two Pennsylvanias, separated by the same in
first Appalachian ridge that marked the edge of well-ordered English and German settlement
Franklin's time and the ragged and lawless Scots-Irish settlements in the mountains. Today the is
same ridge separates the state's population into two equal halves. Southeast of the ridge well
Philadelphia and its suburban fringe reaching almost to Reading and Lancaster County, as be
as the Pennsylvania Dutch country and the industrial Lehigh Valley. Here in what might
called Cismontane Pennsylvania the economy is shifting away from heavy manufacturing
toward services, an economic gentrification lagging perhaps a decade behind what you
around New York and New England to the north and around Washington and Baltimore to
Pennsylvania was the major source of
other industrial products. As a result,
PENNSYLVANIA Congressional Districts, Counties, and Selected Places - (23 Districts)
79"
5
,
18*
T
.
IT
9
10'
'6'
:
7
15"
=
14
onongahela rivers join to become the
2
50"
,
4
). Immigrants poured in from Europe
SCALE
the factories; and Pittsburgh became
N
0
20
8
60
80
100
Knowneters
ehind the civic pride that celebrated
8
100 16406
A
A
0
20
&
8
ion's second largest state and growing
Ene
0
NEW YORK
ERIE
42"
e 1930s, and in parts of Pennsylvania
BRADFORD
SUSQUEMANNA
WARREN
MCREAN
POTTER
8
8
TIOGA
collapsed after World War II, as both
CRAWFORD
10
LACKAWANNA
NEW YORK
WAYNE
21
WYOMING
Lewis's United Mine Workers decided
FOREST
ELK
Scrantor
VENANGO
CAMERON
@
cooperated in sharply cutting the coal
23
PIKE
MERCER
SULLIVAN
LYCOMING
C
Wilkee-Barre
=
CLINTON
Williamsport
the emphasis was on capital-intensive
CLARION
LUZERNE
EFFERSON
11
II far fewer jobs than in the 1940s; the
BUTLER
LAWRENCE
UNION
Casse
CENTRE
COLUMBIA
MONROE
Maziston
New
.
has had almost constant outmigration
OMIO
4
CLEARFIELD
State College
17
D
DEAVER
CARBON
15
0
el has long since ceased to be a growth
ALLEGHENY
AND
INDIANA
SNYDER
NORTHUMBERL
Easton
Allentown
ARMSTRONG
SCHUYLKILL
NORTHAMPTON
rations, made bad guesses about new
MIFFLING
6
LEMIGH
DAUPHIN
CAMBRIA
D
NEW JERSEY
9
PERRY
Bethishem
18
AROONS
MONTGOMERY
a world in which almost every nation
BLAIR
EBANON
Reading
14
.
Lebanory
9
BUCKS
E
Johnstown
HUNTINGDON
BERKS
5
8
E
dustry. By 1969, the steel manufactur-
WASHINGTON
Washington
o
20
ble agreements for ever higher wages-
CHESTER
213
22
AND
12
40"
BEDFORD
19
Lancester
SOMERSET
York
LANCASTER
DELAWARE
ADELPHIA
ts. Predictably, that stimulated rather
FAYETTE
FULTON/ FRANKLIN
GREENE
ADAMS
YORK
16
1-3
#
te 1980s became fiercer than ever. A
#
DELAWARE
he classic high-tariff state. when they
WEST VIRGINIA
MARYLAND
LEGEND
KEY
ALLEGHENY COUNTY
BUCKS COUNTY
ries. Now, in the late 20th century,
2
Congressional district number
1 McCanelless Township
1
Congressional district boundary
2 Rom Township
Falls Township
Shaller Township
Bristos Township
Place of 100.000 or more inhalistents
4 Beneatom Township
ies which have grown senile.
Plum
G
G
Form -
PHILADELPHIA COUNTY
.
Place of 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitant
. Monroewise
west -
sorry shape for a long time. People
Place of 25,000 to 50.000 inhabitants
& Mount Lobanon
DELAWARE COUNTY
Largest place . congressional stret
, McKesscort
Radnor Township
39'
and out-of-staters showed no interest in
19"
o
without place of 01 least 25,000 inhaortants
10 Bether Park
2 Reventord Township
MONT GOMERY COUNTY
3 Upoer Darby
State capital undertined
' Upper Moretand Township
4 Sonngheld
2 Nor stown
M
It, with their garden condominiums and
M
3 Abimation Township
, Chester
Upper Menon Township
6 Richey Township
Chemannam Township
BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
a give the traveler a sense of being 40 or
U.S. Department of Commerce
Lower Menon Township
NO*
&
$
6
78'
-
TT
9
:
"5
11
12
'5'
13
"
2
3
&
burb where John Updike lived as a boy
Congressional districts estackshed March 3. 1962: all other boundaries are - of January 1, 1930.
Sometimes the trip is pleasant. as in the
ded by early 19th century row houses.
:S stand unoccupied and the woods and
south. In the land beyond that first ridge, which might be called Transmontane Pennsylvania.
ars ago. In 1930, after its last decade of
the economy has always been more dependent on coal and steel, and the pains of contraction are
a had 9.5 million people. In 1986, the
still apparent. Population continues to decline, wage levels are depressed, traditional cultural
term growth among the nation's biggest
patterns remain unchallenged in places where there is not enough work for men, much less
1940, by the late 1980s had been passed
women. Yet there are signs of a turnaround here. Pittsburgh, the center of Transmontane
by capital of Texas, but more recently by
Pennsylvania, seems to be expanding its high-tech, white-collar economy even as the steel
ences. As recently as 1950. Pennsylvania
furnaces go cold.
has 23, and after the 1990 Census it is
Traditionally Pennsylvania was heavily Republican, the most Republican of all the big states.
It was for Lincoln and the Union, for the steel industry and the high tariff; its malodorous
0 Pennsylvanias. separated by the same
Republican machines built parties which were not, like Tammany or the New York Republi-
dered English and German settlement in
cans, just the representatives of one ethnic segment but rather an organization with a place for
settlements in the mountains. Today the
just about everybody. In 1932, Pennsylvania was the only big state that stuck with Herbert
equal halves. Southeast of the ridge is
Hoover and voted against Franklin Roosevelt. But the New Deal changed the politics of
0 Reading and Lancaster County, as well
Pennsylvania more than any other state. The immediate reactions to Roosevelt's New Deal, the
I Lehigh Valley. Here in what might be
thundering endorsement of Roosevelt by the United Mine Workers' John L. Lewis in 1936, the
ng away from heavy manufacturing and
founding by Lewis of the CIO industrial union movement and the success of the United
perhaps a decade behind what you see
Steelworkers, after a series of bloody strikes, in organizing the big steel companies-all these
around Washington and Baltimore to the
occurrences made most of the industrial parts of Pennsylvania almost as Democratic in the
19JUS and after as they had been Republican in the 1920s going back to the Civil War. Yet at
the same time the parts of the state not heavy with big steel factories and coal mines-the
northern tier of counties along the border with Upstate New York and the central part of the
state, the Welsh railroad workers in Altoona and the Pennsylvania Dutch farmers around
Lancaster-remained the strongest Republican voting bloc in the East. Philadelphia became a
mostly Democratic city, but in the suburban counties the antique Republican machines,
anchored in old courthouse and railroad station towns, stayed in control. On balance Pennsylva-
nia was a marginal state, slightly more Republican than the nation up through 1948, slightly
more Democratic from 1952 on.
Now Pennsylvania seems to be changing again. Cismontane Pennsylvania, with its slowly
gentrifying economy and lacking the culturally liberal elite you find in New England, seems to
be trending Republican. This was the more Democratic half of the state in the early 1960s, when
there was a strong Philadelphia Democratic machine and a Catholic Democratic President; now
the machine is in tatters, Philadelphia casts a smaller proportion of the vote, and the suburban
counties which were closely contested in the 1960 and 1968 presidential races went heavily
Republican in 1980 and 1984. Ronald Reagan carried the Cismontane region by 10% and 11%;
George Bush won it 53%-46%-the national average.
Transmontane Pennsylvania, on the other hand, is trending Democratic. In the 1960s and
1970s it grew lukewarm about the party of the New Deal when cultural issues came to the fore.
But by the early 1980s the collapse of the steel industry completely overshadowed cultural
issues. Transmontane Pennsylvania rejected Jimmy Carter in 1980, 49%-45%, but in 1984 it
moved hardly at all to Ronald Reagan, and he carried it over Walter Mondale by only 51%-48%.
Mondale won metro Pittsburgh with 55%-it was the one major metro area where Reagan's
percentage declined between 1980 and 1984. In 1988 Michael Dukakis carried Transmontane
Pennsylvania 51%-48%, running as well as John Kennedy and Jimmy Carter had when they
carried the state. The difference was that Dukakis lost the prosperous Cismontane side-now, as
it grows, a little more than half of the state.
Governor. Pennsylvania's governor, Robert Casey, is a Democrat from Scranton who finally
won the governorship on his fourth try; he lost Democratic primaries in 1966, 1970 and 1978. He
ran with a 76-page blueprint for developing the state's economy, but his campaigns relied
heavily on precisely targeted negative ads in the hardball accents of Transmontane Pennsylva-
nia. He lanced primary opponent Edward Rendell, the Philadelphia D.A., for accumulating 96
parking tickets. He attacked Republican William Scranton, son of the governor elected in 1962,
for neglecting meetings of boards he belonged to as lieutenant governor: "They gave him the job
because of his father's name. The least he could do is show up to work." In late October Scranton
pulled his negative ads, but Casey declined to do so, running the last week an ad featuring sitar
music, a picture of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, and a picture of Scranton 15 years ago with long
hair and a beard. Scranton, who admitted using marijuana recreationally as "my generation"
did, was cast as the candidate of cultural liberalism, while in the older Casey the Democrats had
for once a convincing representative of traditional values. Scranton got 54% of the vote in
Cismontane Pennsylvania. But Casey got 56% in Transmontane Pennsylvania, enough for a
51%-48% victory.
As governor, Casey is scrapping the approach used by his Republican predecessor and now
U.S. Attorney General Richard Thornburgh, who relied on stimulating small business and
Il
financing their technical innovations, and is setting up a partnership of government, business and
labor, concentrating on the big companies whose numbers of jobs have been declining sharply
for more than a decade. He is also stressing cleaning up the environment, but has disappointed
some of his backers by not increasing welfare programs much after eight years of sharp
contraction under Thornburgh. Under pressure from the Republicans, he backed a tax cut in
1987 but not in 1988; in early 1989, neither side was calling for one.
1920s going back to the Civil War. Yet
Casey looks to be a strong candidate for reelection in 1990, but not one assured of victory. He
h big steel factories and coal mines-the at
had heart bypass surgery in September 1987, but his health afterwards seemed good.
ate New York and the central part of the
Thornburgh has been mentioned as a possible opponent, but he's unlikely to leave his position as
the Pennsylvania Dutch farmers around
Attorney General to make the race. A flock of other people have been suggested: 21st District
g bloc in the East. Philadelphia became
Congressman Thomas Ridge, Pennsylvania GOP chair and state Senator Earl Baker, Senate
nties the antique Republican machines, a
i, stayed in control. On balance Pennsylva-
president Robert Jubelirer and state Senator D. Michael Fisher, and Delaware County lawyer
and former Reagan White House aide Faith Whittlesey. Demography, it should be added,
than the nation up through 1948, slightly
mildly favors the Republicans. In minor statewide contests in 1988, their attorney general
candidate, Ernie Preate, beat former Iowa Congressman and Pennsylvania party chairman
Cismontane Pennsylvania, with its slowly
Edward Mezvinsky 51%-48%, and Republican Barbara Hafer beat incumbent Auditor General
il elite you find in New England, seems to
Don Bailey, another former congressman, 49%-48%.
ic half of the state in the early 1960s, when
Senators. Both of Pennsylvania's Senators are Republicans, both with unusual backgrounds:
and a Catholic Democratic President; now
one is the scion of one of Pittsburgh's great industrial empires, the other a former Democrat
proportion of the vote, and the suburban
scarred in the political battles of Philadelphia. In this state, which has few residents who grew up
and 1968 presidential races went heavily
elsewhere, one of these Senators lived as a boy in San Francisco and the other grew up in Kansas.
i the Cismontane region by 10% and 11%;
Both have shown the political skill that has enabled Republicans to monopolize U.S. Senate
seats in this Democratic state; Democrats have not won one since Joseph Clark squeaked
trending Democratic. In the 1960s and
through to a second term in 1962.
Deal when cultural issues came to the fore.
John Heinz, now past 50, is Pennsylvania's longest surviving top officeholder. Heir to the H. J.
dustry completely overshadowed cultural
Heinz food fortune, he is one of the two richest members of the Senate, with wealth of the same
Carter in 1980, 49%-45%, but in 1984 it
magnitude as Jay Rockefeller. (The Rockefeller family fortune is bigger, but he has many
it over Walter Mondale by only 51%-48%.
cousins; Heinz is the only child of an only child.) He was elected to the House in a special
e one major metro area where Reagan's
election from the Pittsburgh suburbs in 1971 and became very popular in western Pennsylvania.
3 Michael Dukakis carried Transmontane
His 1976 Senate race against William Green, then congressman and later mayor of Philadel-
nnedy and Jimmy Carter had when they
phia, was a kind of Pirates versus Phillies contest, between two young politicians very popular in
the prosperous Cismontane side-now, as
the two major parts of the state. The difference was money: Heinz spent $2.9 million of his own
money, and won. Now he seems to hold one of the few safe seats that either party can count on in
is a Democrat from Scranton who finally
a major state.
atic primaries in 1966, 1970 and 1978. He
For that, credit must go not only to his money, which does tend to intimidate opponents, but
ate's economy, but his campaigns relied
also to his political skill. Even when he was in the House, Heinz had already identified trade as
Iball accents of Transmontane Pennsylva-
an issue that resonated in western Pennsylvania, and he has been one of Congress's most
e Philadelphia D.A., for accumulating 96
assiduous practitioners of what he might call a retaliatory (and others would call a protectionist)
anton, son of the governor elected in 1962,
trade policy ever since. On the Senate Finance Committee, he has pushed for aggressive
utenant governor: "They gave him the job
enforcement of antidumping laws and has worked to deny administrations discretion in granting
now up to work." In late October Scranton
relief from injury due to imports; he is almost always ready with a "Buy America" provision for
unning the last week an ad featuring sitar
government procurement contracts. He was not a major player on the tax bill early on, but
picture of Scranton 15 years ago with long
supported Finance Chairman Bob Packwood's stringent low-rate, preference-cutting approach
ijuana recreationally as "my generation"
at a critical point in late spring 1986, and apparently in return was able to get provisions helping
hile in the older Casey the Democrats had
the steel companies, notably a carryback procedure that let money-losing and even bankrupt
values. Scranton got 54% of the vote in
companies get refunds on taxes they paid on profits as long as 15 years ago. Now, while many
ansmontane Pennsylvania, enough for a
politicians talking about trade focus on East Asia, Heinz is looking at Europe: he wants to make
sure that the 1992 Common Market initiative will not shut American manufacturers out of
I by his Republican predecessor and now
European markets.
relied on stimulating small business and
Heinz has a couple of other important committee niches. He is ranking Republican and
a partnership of government. business and
formerly was chairman of the Special Committee on Aging; he used that platform to help put
ibers of jobs have been declining sharply
together the 1983 social security rescue bill and to prevent medicare cost-cutting reforms from
up the environment, but has disappointed
hurting the quality of medical care for the elderly; he pushed for eliminating mandatory
grams much after eight years of sharp
retirement ages. None of this hurts in Pennsylvania, which has one of the oldest populations of
the Republicans, he backed a tax cut in
the states and hundreds of thousands of voters heavily dependent on social security and
calling for one.
medicare. On the environment, he has teamed with Tim Wirth of Colorado (a prep-school
... which a Kennedy School expert recommended ma:
based strategies in tandem with command-control regulations to handle environmental F
lems.
For all this there is something disappointing in his career. He is not a popular member Of
Senate and is never mentioned in speculation for national office. In the Senate he seems t
intense and aloof; he got less credit for his work as National Republican Senatorial Comm
chairman in the 1979-80 cycle and more blame for his work as chairman in the 1985-86 C
than he deserved; in fact he helped produce the Republican Senate in 1980 and nearly save
despite the weak political instincts of many of the incumbents who were up for reelectic
1986. But in 1980, he lost the chairmanship of the Senate Republican Conference to Ja
McClure of Idaho, and in 1984, he won the campaign chairmanship by only one vote
Malcolm Wallop of Wyoming.
As for national ambitions, it would have been unnatural if this rich, handsome, well-conne
young man did not think about being President at the start of his career. But in 1971, whe:
first won office, it was widely assumed that a Republican could be elected President only
supporting a bigger welfare state and currying credit with organized labor; Barry Goldwater
only recently lost overwhelmingly, Richard Nixon had just barely beaten Hubert Humph
and political insiders scoffed at Kevin Phillips's The Emerging Republican Majority. H
followed the traditional liberal Republican strategy and adapted it, as on the trade issue
Pennsylvania, with fine results: he beat Bill Green for Senator in the Democratic year of 1
and was easily reelected over underfinanced opposition in 1982 and 1988. Heinz conspicuo
avoided spending his own money in those races, but it nevertheless deters competition, as d
his genuine popularity in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area which is otherwise the Democr:
bulwark of the state. But it is apparent that a candidate with Heinz's voting record could
have been nominated Vice President, much less President, by any of the last four Republic
national conventions. In early 1989, it was bruited about that he was considering running
governor, (though Heinz later seemed to quash this speculation) presumably to somehow m:
himself a national candidate. But that motive seldom enchants voters, Heinz has had lit
involvement in state government, Governor Robert Casey led him in early polls, and even if
should win, the national press spends very little time in Harrisburg.
Pennsylvania's other Senator is Arlen Specter. A one-time Democrat and a top staffer for
Warren Commission, Specter was a kind of boy wonder when, as a Republican, he was elec:
district attorney in Philadelphia in 1965. He won again in 1969, but didn't win another elect:
for 11 years. He lost reelection in an increasingly Democratic city in 1973, lost the 1976 Sen:
primary to Heinz and lost the 1978 gubernatorial nomination to Richard Thornburgh. Final
he beat former Republican state chairman Bud Haabestad 36%-33% in the 1980 Sena
primary and then beat former Pittsburgh Mayor Peter Flaherty, who refused to spend mu
money, 50%-48% in the general. Not an awe-inspiring record. Yet in 1986, when the Democr:
were recapturing the Senate, Specter won reelection in Pennsylvania by a 56%-43% margin
His secrets are brains and hard work-and not much else. Specter is respected by oth
Senators (perhaps because he is a Kansas native, he gets on well with Bob Dole), but not We
liked; he is seen as calculating and self-serving. "They can't say I'm dumb or crooked," he on
said, "so what do they say? That I'm calculating or ambitious? I have always thought those we
good qualities, to think about what you want to do and to seek achievement." He managed not
dissent heavily from Reagan economic policies early in his first term, but has compiled a reco
that seems to reflect the views of a state that sees itself in need of federal help. He has taken 1
prosecutorial background to the Judiciary Committee, where he sponsored the 1984 law to gi-
career criminals 15-year-to-life sentences; but he also cast critical votes against Robert Bork at
William Bradford Reynolds. He will continue to be a crucial vote on Judiciary. He supported a
inspector general entirely independent of the CIA director, but he also voted to uphold th
School expert recommended market-
dministration view of the ABM treaty ratification process-both losing causes. He flip-flops on
llations to handle environmental prob-
issues like South Africa sanctions. Active, energetic, sometimes frenetic, Specter leaves no
locally crucial issue unmined for publicity or votes.
eer. He is not a popular member of the
While Washington rests, however, Specter criss-crosses Pennsylvania, from Philadelphia
al office. In the Senate he seems to be
(where his wife Joan is a city councilwoman) to Pittsburgh and in little planes touching down on
onal Republican Senatorial Committee
small airstrips sandwiched in between two mountain ridges. Specter also worked hard, with help
work as chairman in the 1985-86 cycle
from his onetime opponent Heinz, to raise a large campaign treasury. These proved to be
can Senate in 1980 and nearly saved it,
unbeatable assets in 1986. The Democrats had a riproaring primary between two candidates
mbents who were up for reelection in
who represented, in exaggerated form, their party's activists in the two major regions of the
nate Republican Conference to James
state. Auditor general and former Representative Don Bailey, a Vietnam veteran from a county
1 chairmanship by only one vote over
outside Pittsburgh, was pugnacious, traditional on cultural issues like abortion, still bitter
against opponents of the Vietnam war; but he relied on support from Democratic organizations
1 if this rich, handsome, well-connected
that were paper tigers and raised relatively little money. Representative Bob Edgar, a Methodist
art of his career. But in 1971, when he
minister from suburban Philadelphia was a longtime opponent of the war, a congressional critic
an could be elected President only by
of pork barrel politics, an unbending liberal with enough political savvy to put together a large
organized labor; Barry Goldwater had
volunteer organization, win the endorsement of the state AFL-CIO, and raise far more money
just barely beaten Hubert Humphrey,
than Bailey (though far less than Specter). Edgar won 47%-45% in a fascinating regional battle:
merging Republican Majority. Heinz
he rolled up a 68%-25% edge in Cismontane Pennsylvania, while losing to Bailey 58%-33% in
1 adapted it, as on the trade issue, to
Transmontane Pennsylvania.
enator in the Democratic year of 1976
But Edgar, who had won six House elections by narrow margins, did not pull off another
n 1982 and 1988. Heinz conspicuously
miracle in the general election. He tried to argue that Specter was not for social security or
evertheless deters competition, as does
unemployment benefits and was overly political, with ads showing a bust of Specter crumbling
ea which is otherwise the Democratic
as his contradictory votes are ticked off: "Arlen Specter is just not what he is cracked up to be."
: with Heinz's voting record could not
Edgar attracted enthusiastic activists from Citizens Action and other groups determined to show
nt, by any of the last four Republican
that a leftish candidate can win in an industrial state. This is one race where money made a
it that he was considering running for
difference: if Edgar had had as much as Specter, he might have made the race closer and could
ulation) presumably to somehow make
conceivably have won. Yet the results must be disappointing for those who think the American
enchants voters, Heinz has had little
working class is ready to vote for a principled backer of bigger government and liberal cultural
y led him in early polls, and even if he
values. Edgar ran no better than even in the Pittsburgh metro area and won only 44% of the vote
Harrisburg.
in Transmontane Pennsylvania-12% behind Bob Casey. He ran close to even in his old
ime Democrat and a top staffer for the
congressional district, but otherwise in Cismontane Pennsylvania took only about one-third of
when, as a Republican, he was elected
the vote except among Philadelphia blacks. Specter's ultra-adaptable politics and frenetic
1 1969, but didn't win another election
activity seem to be more what the voters want.
ratic city in 1973, lost the 1976 Senate
Presidential politics. One of these days Pennsylvania may vote Democratic for President
ation to Richard Thornburgh. Finally,
again, as it did in 1960, 1968 and 1976; it came the closest of the biggest eight states to doing so
estad 36%-33% in the 1980 Senate
in 1984 and was second to New York, the only one which voted for Dukakis, in 1988. But there is
Flaherty, who refused to spend much
a problem for the Democrats here. They like to campaign as the party of change. But their
cord. Yet in 1986, when the Democrats
support comes from Transmontane Pennsylvania from people who want to keep things as they
Pennsylvania by a 56%-43% margin.
are-or, rather, restore them as they think they used to be. If the state as a whole does succeed in
h else. Specter is respected by other
turning its economy around, as most of Cismontane Pennsylvania has, then credit will go to any
on well with Bob Dole), but not well-
party associated with that effort; but it will not necessarily rub off on national Democrats who
n't say I'm dumb or crooked." he once
argue that they can move things back to what they used to be.
ous? I have always thought those were
Pennsylvania's presidential primary, scheduled for years in late April, has not been crucial
eek achievement." He managed not to
since the 1976 Democratic race, when Jimmy Carter cinched the Democratic nomination by
S first term, but has compiled a record
beating Henry Jackson and Morris Udall here. In 1984, Transmontane Pennsylvania backed the
need of federal help. He has taken his
candidate of big government, Walter Mondale, while Gary Hart carried Cismontane Pennsylva-
here he sponsored the 1984 law to give
nia. In 1988. Michael Dukakis carried everything but Philadelphia where black votes gave a
critical votes against Robert Bork and
narrow edge to Jesse Jackson. The Democratic primary remains heavily blue-collar, with few
ial vote on Judiciary. He supported an
voters in the Philadelphia suburbs where registration remains, anachronistically, overwhelm-
ctor, but he also voted to uphold the
ingly Republican; the Republican primary is fairly representative of the state, except for the big
1028
PENNSYLVANIA
cities and some industrial areas.
Congressional districting. Pennsylvania lost three congressional districts in the 1950 Census
two in 1960, two more in 1970 and two in 1980, reducing its delegation from 32 to, 23; it i
expected to lose two more in 1990. With the legislature divided between the parties, and th
Democrats controlling the House for several years now by the narrowest of margins, it is quit
possible that redistricting will be a compromise, dictated as much by the demographics (
population loss as anything else. Pennsylvania's House delegation, not to put too fine a point C
it, has long been considered a collection of political hacks, with not much talent for sel
advancement. But John Murtha, an youngish old-time politician who likes to operate out of t}
limelight, helped put together the big cities and Black Caucus coalition that elected Philade
phia's William Gray chairman of the House Budget Committee in 1984, and Gray followed th
up by being elected Democratic caucus chairman in 1988 and majority whip in 1989. :
Pennsylvania has emerged as one of the power blocs among House Democrats.
The People: Est. Pop. 1988: 12,027,000; Pop. 1980: 11,863,895, up 1.4% 1980-88 and 0.5% 1970-
5.93% of U.S. total, 4th largest. 11% with 1-3 yrs. col., 14% with 4+ yrs. col.; 10.5% below poverty le-
Single ancestry: 15% German, 6% English, Italian, 5% Irish, 3% Polish, 1% Russian, Dutch, Hungar:
Ukrainian. Households (1980): 74% family, 38% with children, 61% married couples; 30.1% hous
units rented; median monthly rent: $174; median house value: $39,100. Voting age pop. (19:
8,740,599; 8% Black, 1% Spanish origin. Registered voters (1988): 5,875,943; 3,069,234 D (58
2,518,282 R (43%), 288,427 unaffiliated and minor parties (5%).
1988 Share of Federal Tax Burden: $42,896,000,000; 4.85% of U.S: total, 6th largest.
1988 Share of Federal Expenditures
Total
Non-Defense
Defense
Total Expend
$39,569m
(4.48%)
$33,719m
(5.14%)
$7,038m
(3.(
St/Lcl Grants
5,793m
(5.05%)
5,791m
(5.06%)
2m
(1.
Salary/Wages
4,752m
(3.54%)
2,666m
(3.98%)
2,085m
(3.
Pymnts to Indiv
23,469m
(5.73%)
23,055m
(5.90%)
415m
(2.
Procurement
4,526m
(2.40%)
1,188m
(2.55%)
4,526m
(2.
Research/Other
1,029m
(2.75%)
1,019m
(2.75%)
9m
(2.
Political Lineup: Governor, Robert P. Casey (D); Lt. Gov., Mark Singel (D); Secy. of Commonw
James Haggerty (D); Atty. Gen., Ernest Preate, Jr. (R); Treasurer, Catherine Baker Knoll (D).
Senate, 50 (27 R and 23 D); State House of Representatives, 203 (104 D and 99 R). Senators, H
Heinz, III (R) and Arlen Specter (R). Representatives, 23 (12 D and 11 R).
1988 Presidential Vote
1984 Presidential Vote
Bush (R)
2,300,087 (51%)
Reagan (R)
2,584,323
Dukakis (D)
2,194,944 (48%)
Mondale (D)
2,228,131
1988 Democratic Presidential Primary
1988 Republican Presidential Primary
Dukakis
1,002,480
(67%)
Bush
687,323
Jackson
411,260
(27%)
Dole
103,763
Gore
44,542
(3%)
Robertson
79,463
Hart
20,473
(1%)
Simon
9,692
(1%)
Gephardt
7,254
(1%)
gressional districts in the 1950 Census,
cing its delegation from 32 to 23; it is
GOVERNOR
e divided between the parties, and the
Gov. Robert P. Casey (D)
by the narrowest of margins, it is quite
Elected 1986, term expires Jan. 1991; b. Jan. 9, 1932, Jackson
ited as much by the demographics of
Heights, NY; home, Scranton; Holy Cross Col., A.B. 1953 ; Geo.
lelegation, not to put too fine a point on
Wash. U., J.D. 1956; Roman Catholic; married (Ellen).
hacks, with not much talent for self-
olitician who likes to operate out of the
Career: Practicing atty., 1956-86; PA Senate, 1963-67; PA Au-
ditor Gen., 1969-77.
Caucus coalition that elected Philadel-
imittee in 1984, and Gray followed that
Office: 225 Main Capitol Bldg., Harrisburg 17120, 717-787-
2500.
1988 and majority whip in 1989. So
long House Democrats.
Election Results
1986 gen.
Robert Casey (D)
1,717,484 (51%)
William W. Scranton (R)
1,638,268 (48%)
895, up 1.4% 1980-88 and 0.5% 1970-80;
1986 prim.
Robert Casey (D)
549,376 (51%)
ith 4+ yrs. col.; 10.5% below poverty level.
Edward G. Rendell (D)
385,539 (40%)
3% Polish, 1% Russian, Dutch, Hungarian,
Steve Douglas (D)
38,295
(4%)
ren, 61% married couples; 30.1% housing
1982 gen.
Richard L. Thornburgh (R)
1,872,784
(51%)
value: $39,100. Voting age pop. (1980):
Allen E. Ertel (D)
1,772,353 (48%)
$ 5%). (1988): 5,875,943; 3,069,234 D (58%),
SENATORS
% of U.S. total, 6th largest.
Sen. H. John Heinz III (R)
on-Defense
Defense
Elected 1976, seat up 1994; b. Oct. 23, 1938, Pittsburgh; home,
n
(5.14%)
$7,038m
(3.08%)
Pittsburgh; Yale U., B.A. 1960, Harvard U., M.B.A. 1963; Episco-
n
(5.06%)
2m
(1.85%)
palian; married (Teresa).
n
(3.98%)
2,085m
(3.98%)
n
(5.90%)
415m
Career: Special Asst. to U.S. Sen. Hugh Scott, 1964; Fin. and
(2.22%)
n
(2.55%)
4,526m
Mktg. Div., H. J. Heinz Co., 1965-70; U.S. House of Reps., 1971-
(2.40%)
n
(2.75%)
76.
9m
(2.75%)
Offices: 277 RSOB 20510, 202-224-6324. Also 6th and Arch Sts.,
Philadelphia 19106, 215-925-8750; 2031 Fed. Bldg., Pittsburgh
Mark Singel (D); Secy. of Commonwealth,
15222, 412-562-0533; P.O. Box 55, Harrisburg 17108, 717-233-
asurer, Catherine Baker Knoll (D). State
5849; 130 Fed. Sq. Bldg., Erie 16501, 814-454-7114; and Scranton
203 (104 D and 99 R). Senators, H. John
Electric Bldg., 507 Linden St., Scranton 18503, 717-347-2341.
12 D and 11 R).
Committees: Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (2d of 9 R).
Subcommittees: International Finance and Monetary Policy; Se-
curities (Ranking Member). Finance (6th of 9 R). Subcommittees:
esidential Vote
International Trade; Medicare and Long-Term Care; Private Re-
tirement and Oversight of IRS (Ranking Member). Governmental Affairs (5th of 6 R). Subcommittees:
(R)
2,584,323 (53%)
General Services, Federalism, and the District of Columbia (Ranking Member); Government Informa-
: (D)
2,228,131 (46%)
tion and Regulation; Oversight of Government Management. Special Committee on Aging (Ranking
publican Presidential Primary
Member of 9 R).
687,323 (79%)
103,763 (12%)
on
Group Ratings
79,463
(9%)
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
55
60
66
75
50
41
26
60
46
18
1987
70
-
65
67
-
35
-
-
50
28
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
47%
-
48%
55% — 43%
Social
59%
-
40%
49%
-
50%
Foreign
42%
-
57%
61% -
36%
Key Votes
1) Cut Aged Housing $
AGN
5) Bork Nomination
FOR
9) SDI Funding
AGN
2) Override Hwy Veto
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
3) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice
AGN
7) Deny Abortions
FOR
11) Aid To Contras
FOR
4) Min Wage Increase
FOR
8) Japanese Reparations
FOR
12) Reagan Defense $ AGN
Election Results
1988 general
H. John Heinz III (R)
2,901,715
(67%)
($5,151,512)
Joe Vignola (D)
1,416,764
(32%)
($544,137)
1988 primary
H. John Heinz III (R), unopposed
1982 general
H. John Heinz III (R)
2,136,418
(59%)
($2,952,829)
Cyril H. Wecht (D)
1,412,965
(39%)
($424,507)
Sen. Arlen Specter (R)
Elected 1980, seat up 1992; b. Feb. 12, 1930, Wichita, KS; home.
Philadelphia: U. of PA, B.A. 1951, Yale U., LL.B. 1956; Jewish:
married (Joan).
Career: Air Force, 1951-53; Practicing atty.; Asst. Cnsl., Warren
Comm., 1964; PA Asst. Atty. Gen., 1964-65; Philadelphia Dist.
Atty., 1966-74.
Offices: 331 HSOB, 202-224-4254. Also Fed. Bldg., 600 Arch
Street, Ste. 9400, Philadelphia 19106, 215-597-7200; 2017 Fed.
Bldg., Pittsburgh 15222, 412-644-3400; 118 Fed. Bldg., Erie 16501,
814-453-3010; Fed. Bldg, 228 Walnut St., Rm. 1159, Harrisburg
17101, 717-782-3951; P.O. Bldg., 5th and Hamilton Sts., Rm. 201,
Allentown 18101, 215-434-1444; Park Plaza, 225 N. Washington
Ave., Ste. 501, Scranton 18503, 717-346-2006; and 116 S. Main
St., Main Towers, Wilkes-Barre 18701, 717-826-6265.
Committees: Appropriations (9th of 13 R). Subcommittees: Agri-
culture, Rural Development and Related Agencies; Defense: Energy and Water Development; Foreign
Operations: Labor-Health and Human Services-Education (Ranking Member). Judiciary (5th of 6 R).
Subcommittees: Antitrust, Monopolies and Business Rights: Constitution (Ranking Member). Veterans
Affairs (4th of 5 R). Select Committee on Intelligence (4th of 7 R).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
60
67
70
58
30
33
30
30
62
19
1987
80
-
69
83
-
15
-
-
47
27
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
60%
-
39%
55% - 43%
Social
66%
-
33%
61%
-
36%
Foreign
36%
-
61%
65%
-
32%
PENNSYLVANIA
1031
hey
Votes
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
55%
Cut Aged Housing $
AGN
5) Bork Nomination
AGN
9) SDI Funding
AGN
-
43%
Override Hwy Veto
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
49%
50%
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
-
hill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
7) Deny Abortions
AGN
61%
11) Aid To Contras
AGN
-
36%
Min Wage Increase
FOR
8) Japanese Reparations
FOR
12) Reagan Defense $ FOR
lection Results
n
FOR
9) SDI Funding
AGN
general
Arlen Specter (R)
1,906,537
(56%)
($5,993,230)
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
Robert W. Edgar (D)
1,448,219
(43%)
($3.968,994)
FOR
11) Aid To Contras
ations
FOR
12) Reagan Defense $ AGN FOR
primary
Arlen Specter (R)
434,623
(76%)
Richard A. Stokes (R)
135,673
(24%)
general
Arlen Specter (R)
2,230,404
(50%)
($1,488,588)
Peter Flaherty (D).
2,122,391
(48%)
($633,861)
2,901,715
(67%)
1,416,764
(32%)
($5,151,512)
($544,137)
2,136,418
(59%)
FIRST DISTRICT
1,412,965
($2,952,829)
(39%)
($424,507)
illiam Penn, 37 feet high, stands atop the 548-foot tower of City Hall at Market and Broad,
surveying Philadelphia, the city he founded-and looking up at the new One Liberty Place
mer. with its "romantic modernist" spire, the first building to break the tradition that no
building here should be taller than City Hall. The first American colonies were settled by
P 1992; b. Feb. 12, 1930, Wichita, KS; home.
ractical men, out to make money or replicate a farm settlement back home; Penn was a
PA, B.A. 1951, Yale U., LL.B. 1956; Jewish:
Duaker. a member of one of those rationalizing sects of the 17th century, who intended to
mpose a greater regularity on his new environment, and did. Hence Philadelphia was designed
1951-53; Practicing atty.; Asst. Cnsl., Warren
"M with a cowpath street pattern like Boston or Charleston, but with a grid of numbered and
sst. Atty. Gen., 1964-65; Philadelphia Dist.
named streets, with occasional open squares, which was replicated in dozens of American cities
more than 200 years afterwards.
202-224-4254. Also Fed. Bldg., 600 Arch
Penn would never, as the writers of the WPA Guide 50 years ago put it, recognize "in what
hiladelphia 19106, 215-597-7200; 2017 Fed.
pday is a sprawling industrial giant" what had been "his 'greene countrie towne'." But
22, 412-644-3400; 118 Fed. Bldg., Erie 16501.
Philadelphia, unlike New York or Chicago, has grown slowly and deliberately enough that there
Bldg, 228 Walnut St., Rm. 1159, Harrisburg
TO places on which William Penn looks down today in which you can see the distant past: in the
P.O. Bldg., 5th and Hamilton Sts., Rm. 201.
estored townhouses of Society Hill and the tree-shaded public buildings around Independence
5-434-1444; Park Plaza, 225 N. Washington
dall. and, on the way to the ornate City Hall, the Federal and Greek Revival buildings. little
ton 18503, 717-346-2006; and 116 S. Main
emples of commerce, built when Philadelphia was the nation's largest city, and left standing as
Ikes-Barre 18701, 717-826-6265.
ngger buildings-1920s masonry-faced skyscrapers and 1970s glass-and-steel towers-were
oriations (9th of 13 R). Subcommittees: Agri-
unit around City Hall and in Center City farther west.
se; Energy and Water Development: Foreign
Most of Penn's original city and most of Philadelphia's Delaware River waterfront, plus a
n (Ranking Member). Judiciary (5th of 6 R).
wide swath of territory to the north and south, form the 1st Congressional District of
s; Constitution (Ranking Member). Veterans
Pennsylvania. It includes all of South Philadelphia, where Italian families, groceries and
th of 7 R).
estaurants have been pressed tightly into narrow streets with English and Indian names under a
.ngle of overhead wires, as well as the neighborhood around the University of Pennsylvania.
North of Center City, it mostly stays east of Broad Street, taking in some black wards but, as you
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
et closer to the river, you suddenly find that the closely packed 19th century houses are
33
30
30
62
19
15
chabited not by blacks but whites. Here is the old Kensington neighborhood, a place along the
-
-
47
27
Delaware River where people of Irish and Italian descent live in rude frame houses, and income
evels are lower than in most black neighborhoods. As you walk around this neighborhood, you
could easily imagine yourself (if you could blot out the cars) back in the 1930s. Overall, the 1st is
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
55%
:bout one-third black; blacks are just one more minority in the ethnic mix here.
-
43%
61%
-
36%
The 1st District is a heavily Democratic district in national elections, although South Philly
65%
I
32%
and Kensington voted for George Bush. The Democratic congressman from the 1st, Thomas
oglietta, is an Italian-American who represented South Philadelphia on the City Council for 20
years as a Republican; but he now has one of the more liberal records in a Democratic Congress
He is a man with deep roots in his district but who concentrates heavily on national issues. H.
first won the seat in 1980 as an Independent, running against convicted Abscam defendar.
Ozzie Myers (one of former Mayor Frank Rizzo's gifts to Congress), 38%-34%; he held it
1982 against another incumbent, Joseph Smith, when they were thrown together by redistric: i
ing, by 52%-48%. In 1982 and 1984 he was challenged in the Democratic primary by Sout:
Philadelphia politico James Tayoun, who criticized Foglietta for not coming back to the distric
every night and listening to constituents' problems as longtime congressman (1945-47, 1949.
76) William Barrett did; Tayoun held Foglietta to 52%-45% and 62%-38%, respectively.
These close victories don't seem to phase Foglietta. His record on issues remains staunchl
liberal with a few exceptions such as his opposition to abortion. He is a member of the Arme
Services Committee and a staunch supporter of chairman Les Aspin; and the committee doe
help him to channel business to the Philadelphia Navy Yard, which he successfully fought "
protect from closure. He is concerned about commercial jobs on the waterfront too: with Senato.
John Heinz he sprung into action in early 1989 as the Chilean grape scare threatened the
Chilean fruit trade which gives the Philly docks most of their work in the winter.
Having increased his margin in 1986, Foglietta had no serious opposition in 1988. But that'
no guarantee he won't in 1990: Philadelphia politics continues to be as spicy as the peppers on
cheese steak or the mustard on a hot pretzel. Redistricting could conceivably threaten Foglietta
Philadelphia will have almost enough population to sustain the three districts it has now, bu:
William Gray might want some of the black wards now in the 1st District in his 2d Distric:
instead, and there is an outside chance that the 1st could be chosen as the eastern Pennsylvania
district to be sliced up among its neighbors.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 495,400, dn. 3.8% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,145, dn. 16.6% 1970-80
Households (1980): 65% family, 35% with children. 40% married couples; 43.4% housing units rented.
median monthly rent: $148; median house value: $26,000. Voting age pop. (1980): 374,046; 29% Black.
7% Spanish origin, 2% Asian origin.
1988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis (D).
121,095
(66%)
Bush (R)
60,033
(33%)
Rep. Thomas M. Foglietta (D)
Elected 1980; b. Dec. 3, 1928, Philadelphia; home, Philadelphia:
St. Joseph's Col., B.A. 1949, Temple U., J.D. 1952; Roman
Catholic; single.
Career: Practicing atty., 1952-80; Philadelphia City Cncl., 1955-
75; Reg. Dir., U.S. Dept. of Labor, 1976.
Offices: 231 CHOB 20515, 202-225-4731. Also Wm. J. Green
Fed. Bldg., 600 Arch St., Rm. 10402, Philadelphia 19106, 215-925-
6840; 1806 S. Broad St. 19125, 215-463-8702; and 2630 Memphis
St., Philadelphia 19125, 215-426-4616.
Committees: Armed Services (12th of 31 D). Subcommittees:
Military Installations and Facilities; Research and Development:
Seapower and Strategic and Critical Materials. Merchant Marine
and Fisheries (7th of 26 D). Subcommittees: Merchant Marine:
Oversight and Investigations (Chairman). Select Committee on
Hunger (13th of 19 D).
PENNSYLVANIA
1033
entrates heavily on national issues.
eral records in a Democratic Congress
roup Ratings
against convicted Abscam defendant He
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
to Congress), 38%-34%; he held it
90
82
96
73
69
4
3
0
42
11
84
-
96
57
-
0
-
-
ey were thrown together by redistrict in
8
5
in the Democratic primary by South
\Ational Journal Ratings
etta for not coming back to the district
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
agtime congressman (1945-47, 1949.
promic
71%
-
29%
73%
-
0%
45% and 62%-38%, respectively.
81%
-
18%
68%
-
32%
is record on issues remains staunchly
regin
79%
-
16%
74%
-
26%
ortion. He is a member of the Armed
Act Votes
n Les Aspin; and the committee does
Homeless $
AGN
Yard, which he successfully fought to
5) Ban Drug Test
-
9) SDI Research
AGN
Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
bs on the waterfront too: with Senator
10) Ban Chem Weaps
-
Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
Chilean grape scare threatened the
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
their work in the winter.
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
serious opposition in 1988. But that's
Hection Results
nues to be as spicy as the peppers on a
INS general
Thomas M. Foglietta (D)
128,076
(76%)
($234,957)
could conceivably threaten Foglietta.
William J. O'Brien (R)
39,749
(24%)
($1,643)
in the three districts it has now, but
158 primary
Thomas M. Foglietta (D), unopposed
in the 1st District in his 2d District
156 general
Thomas M. Foglietta (D)
88,224
(75%)
($399,872)
e chosen as the eastern Pennsylvania
Anthony J. Mucciolo (R)
29,811
(25%)
($1,991)
op. 1980: 515,145, dn. 16.6% 1970-80.
SECOND DISTRICT
ed couples; 43.4% housing units rented:
From Center City up the oaring-club-lined Schuylkill, up Fairmount Park and Wissahickon
1g age pop. (1980): 374,046; 29% Black.
reek. runs the 2d Congressional District of Pennsylvania, through some of the most pleasant
and some of the most dangerous neighborhoods of Philadelphia. It contains most of the Center
City high-rises and office centers on City Line Avenue, where the Main Line suburbs begin, but
121,095
(66%)
few factories and is primarily residential. The 2d District includes North Philadelphia and
60,033
(33%)
West Philadelphia, where the MOVE rowhouse was firebombed by the city in May 1985; it also
ncludes the 18th century stone houses and 19th century rowhouses of Germantown farther out
from Center City, and beyond that are the post-war Jewish subdivisions just below the city line.
\\\ these are black neighborhoods now, and more than 80% of the 2d District's residents are
928, Philadelphia; home, Philadelphia:
black: this is Philadelphia's black district.
949, Temple U., J.D. 1952; Roman
Pennsylvania never had slavery-part of William Penn's Quaker legacy-and Philadelphia
has a long-established black community, going back well before the Civil War. For years it was
952-80; Philadelphia City Cncl., 1955-
Republican, and many blacks have voted Republican recently, against Mayor Frank Rizzo in
Labor, 1976.
1971 and 1975, for example, for District Attorney and Senator Arlen Specter in 1965, 1969 and
5, 202-225-4731. Also Wm. J. Green
1980. and for Governor Richard Thornburgh in 1978. Blacks are still not quite a majority of the
n. 10402, Philadelphia 19106, 215-925-
city's electorate, but their solid-support made possible the election of a black mayor, Wilson
125, 215-463-8702; and 2630 Memphis
Goode, in 1983 and his reelection in 1987 despite the MOVE bombing. Goode, like many
5-426-4616.
mayors and governors of different backgrounds, campaigned on the theme of local pride, and
ices (12th of 31 D). Subcommittees:
Philadelphia-long an object of derision in sophisticated precincts of New York and Washing-
Facilities; Research and Development;
:on-was justifiably proud of its new buildings, its commercial, rather than industrial driven
I Critical Materials. Merchant Marine
prosperity. But Wilson Goode is barred from seeking a third term in 1991; the most powerful
1). Subcommittees: Merchant Marine;
black politician in Philadelphia, and probably in Washington, is the 2d District's congressman,
ns (Chairman). Select Committee on
William Gray.
Gray has been in Congress just over 10 years, and is now the third highest ranking Democrat,
getting the posts on his own initiative and his own terms. He has a solid base back home in
1034
PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia-he preaches every Sunday at the Bright Hope Baptist Church, at 12th Street
Columbia Avenue, as his father did before him-and he does not have any serious politic ar
challengers at home. He won the House seat from an aged, underperforming incumbent in 11
1978 primary, after nearly winning in 1976, and in 1982 beat state Senator Milton Street-
militant who switched to the Republican Party to give it control of the state Senate, and then
for the House seat as an Independent. Gray won by a convincing 76%-22% margin. He sta Γ.
mostly aloof from city politics-though he endorsed a white candidate for district attorney
1989 and helped him carry black wards-while he has worked in the House to build
constituency that covers all parts of the Democratic party.
Gray has produced steady results. He was named head of the Democrats' 1978 freshm.
class. Two years later he won a seat on the Appropriations Committee. After the 1982 electi
he won a seat on the Budget Committee, and soon was running for chairman. He worked wi
fellow Pennsylvanian John Murtha to round up votes from old-line Democrats, even as he got 1
support of younger members, and with adroit politicking, won the chairmanship. He got 1
O'Neill to oppose any waiver of the three-term limit on Budget membership, which eliminat
outgoing chairman, James Jones and heir apparent Leon Panetta, both of whom O'N
mistrusted. Gray's election was an even more considerable achievement than first appears. T
Pennsylvania delegation hasn't shown such clout in recent years; quite the contrary. And Hou
Democrats were in no mood to elect a black as chairman at a time when most voters associat
blacks with unpopular big-spending programs.
As Budget Chairman, Gray saw his role as creating a consensus of Democrats around bud{
resolutions-a sensible procedure, since ranking Republican Delbert Latta was totally unco
erative-and he succeeded: over four years there were 919 Democratic votes for his resolutic
and 77 against. He has delighted in working with Marvin Leath and Charles Stenholm of Texa
who were Boll Weevils in 1981 but are also cooperation-minded Democrats; in the process
heard some grumbling from northern liberals who felt he was not cutting defense enough a
was not spending enough domestically. Gray's response is that he was not constructing a bud
resolution that would be his own personal first choice, but one that could win 218 Democra
votes in the House. Gray was also assisted by circumstance. The budget process, for all I
criticism of it, does tend to narrow down choices: you can't credibly propose vast new domes
spending unless you're prepared to support some hefty new taxes which Gray, like most ott.
Democrats, was not ready to do. You can get Members from hawkish districts to agree to son
defense cuts, but not huge ones.
None of this means that Gray has entirely abandoned his convictions or shunned issues
special interest to many black voters. He provided some impassioned leadership, together H
tactical surefootedness, on South African sanctions, helping to frame the House's and ultimat-
the nation's position on that difficult issue. He has also shown a self-confidence and, for all
talkativeness, a self-discipline when it comes to other black politicians' ambitions. He defers
Mayor Goode in city politics, though rather gingerly, and did not endorse him for reelection
1987 with much enthusiasm: he did nothing to take the spotlight away from Charles Rang
unsuccessful bid to become majority whip in 1986. He played no particular role in Je
Jackson's campaign. Rather, and characteristically, he chaired the drafting committee for
Democratic platform in Mackinac Island, producing a document that was easily adopted
Atlanta and caused the party's nominees none of the trouble past Democratic platforms ha
Gray was also running for another leadership post, the Democratic Caucus chairmans
being vacated by Richard Gephardt. Again he put together an interesting coalition of suppo
taking care to contribute to many colleagues' campaigns and won easily on the first ballot. WI
Jim Wright got into trouble in early 1989 and Tony Coelho resigned his seat, Gray beca:
House majority whip, winning with 134 votes to 97 for David Bonior of Michigan and 30
Beryl Anthony of Arkansas. The first black to hold a position in the House leadership, Gray
PENNSYLVANIA
1035
Hope Baptist Church, at 12th Street and
line with the old and noble American tradition of the politician with a solid base in his own ethnic
di he does not have any serious political
group who reaches out to make coalitions, sometimes unlikely ones, with others. He is a
aged, underperforming incumbent in the
politician who, without betraying his own views or those of his constituents, is able to fashion a
982 beat state Senator Milton Street-a
consensus in a Congress representing a diverse nation. Articulate and well-informed, inspira-
it control of the state Senate, and then ran
tional when he wants to be yet also conciliatory, armed with formidable political intuition, liked
a convincing 76%-22% margin. He stays
and respected by his colleagues, deeply rooted in his own constituency yet able to understand
a white candidate for district attorney in
and empathize with others, he has the potential to be a national leader, and not just in the House.
e has worked in the House to build a
He has made no move yet to run statewide, and perhaps does not have to: it has occurred to more
party.
than one national strategist that it might be advantageous to have Gray on a national ticket, in
I head of the Democrats' 1978 freshman
either spot.
tions Committee. After the 1982 election
as running for chairman. He worked with
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 495,700, dn. 4.2% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 517,215, dn. 17.5% 1970-80.
from old-line Democrats. even as he got the
Households (1980): 61% family, 35% with children, 32% married couples; 48.4% housing units rented:
cking, won the chairmanship. He got Tip
median monthly rent: $157; median house value: $25,700. Voting age pop. (1980): 378,182; 76% Black,
in Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin.
on Budget membership, which eliminated
it Leon Panetta, both of whom O'Neill
1988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis (D)
187,254
(91%)
erable achievement than first appears. The
Bush (R)
17,151
(8%)
ecent years; quite the contrary. And House
man at a time when most voters associated
Rep. William H. Gray III (D)
Elected 1978; b. Aug. 20, 1941, Baton Rouge, LA; home, Philadel-
g a consensus of Democrats around budget
phia; Franklin and Marshall Col., B.A. 1963. Drew Theological
publican Delbert Latta was totally uncoop-
Seminary, M. Div. 1966, Princeton Theological Sch., Th.M. 1970;
re 919 Democratic votes for his resolutions
Baptist; married (Andrea).
rvin Leath and Charles Stenholm of Texas,
Career: Minister; Prof., Jersey City St. Col., Montclair St. Col.,
ation-minded Democrats; in the process he
Rutgers U., 1968-74.
elt he was not cutting defense enough and
Offices: 2454 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4001. Also 6753 German-
nse is that he was not constructing a budget
town Ave., Philadelphia 19119. 215-951-5388; 2316 W. Columbia
ce, but one that could win 218 Democratic
Ave., Philadelphia 19121, 215-232-2770; and 22 N. 52d St., Phila-
:umstance. The budget process, for all the
delphia 19139, 215-476-8725.
nu can't credibly propose vast new domestic
Committees: Majority Whip. Appropriations (25th of 35 D).
efty new taxes which Gray, like most other
Subcommittees: Foreign Operations. Export Financing and Re-
ers from hawkish districts to agree to some
lated Programs: Transportation. District of Columbia (4th of 8 D).
Subcommittees: Fiscal Affairs and Health; Government Opera-
idoned his convictions or shunned issues of
tions and Metropolitan Affairs.
some impassioned leadership, together with
Group Ratings
helping to frame the House's and ultimately
also shown a self-confidence and. for all his
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
er black politicians' ambitions. He defers to
95
90
97
64
69
0
5
0
31
8
1987
88
-
97
ly, and did not endorse him for reelection in
86
I
0
-
-
0
3
te the spotlight away from Charles Rangel's
National Journal Ratings
86. He played no particular role in Jesse
1988 LIB 1988 CONS
y, he chaired the drafting committee for the
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
I conomic
87%
-
8%
:ing a document that was easily adopted in
73%
-
0%
Social
86%
-
0%
78%
-
0%
the trouble past Democratic platforms have.
Foreign
84%
-
0%
81%
-
0%
post, the Democratic Caucus chairmanship
Key Votes
t together an interesting coalition of support,
aigns and won easily on the first ballot. When
is Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
I
:1 Gephardt Amdt
9) SDI Research
AGN
ony Coelho resigned his seat. Gray became
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
it Deficit Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
97 for David Bonior of Michigan and 30 for
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
a position in the House leadership, Gray isin
in Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Rep. Robert A. Borski (D)
184,322
(94%)
(6%)
($660,456)
Elected 1982: b. Oct. 20, 1948, Philadelphia: home, Philadelphia;
12,365
U. of Baltimore, B.A. 1972; Roman Catholic; divorced.
osed
128,399
(98%)
Career: Stockbroker, Raymond James, Assoc., Inc., 1972-76; PA
($551,836)
House of Reps., 1976-82.
Offices: 314 CHOB 20515, 202-225-8251. Also 7137 Frankford
Ave., Philadelphia 19135, 215-335-3355.
Committees: Merchant Marine and Fisheries (11th of 26 D).
d, you could still see farms and empty fields 50
Subcommittees: Merchant Marine; Oceanography. Public Works
South Philadelphia and the river wards were
and Transportation (11th of 31 D). Subcommittees: Economic
and the Main Line suburbs might already be
Development; Investigations and Oversight: Water Resources. Se-
S and the workers of Philadelphia's docks and
lect Committee on Aging (20st of 39 D). Subcommittee: Health
ved out in any great numbers to the northeast.
and Long-Term Care.
ost one-third of the city's population and its
iver, with its blocks of closely packed brick row
ith mostly Irish and Italian residents and their
Group Ratings
: ward leader (except in Philadelphia it would
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
he doors and distributing coal for the winter.
1988
80
6
98
91
75
12
5
10
23
8
iles from Independence Hall, middle-income
1987
80
-
97
79
-
5
-
-
13
7
: than half the housing units here, in fact, were
of the city).
National Journal Ratings
.'s population is Jewish, in neighborhoods that
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
louses are pleasant, but modest; the politics
Economic
92%
-
0%
73%
-
0%
= part of the hard-pressed lower-middle class.
Social
56%
-
43%
72%
-
27%
some joined him when he reregistered in the
Foreign
64%
-
34%
74%
-
25%
blacks will move into their neighborhoods.
Key Votes
c population, which is still pretty conservative
t out of the 1950s.
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
-
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
t Borski, a young former stockbroker and state
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
ot the 1982 nomination when other Democrats
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
To everyone's surprise, Borski beat Republican
$ when Democrat Joshua Eilberg was indicted
Liection Results
hospital get a federal grant. Borski has won
1988 general
Robert A. Borski (D)
135,590
(63%)
($250,480)
n 1986 when Dougherty, who had become a
Mark Matthews (R)
78,909
(37%)
($23,101)
the day of the filing deadline. But Dougherty
1988 primary
Robert A. Borski (D)
61,440
(91%)
blican who in turn lost to Borski by almost as
John J. Hughes (D)
5,801
(9%)
House, where he generally votes a liberal line
1986 general
Robert A. Borski (D)
107,804
(62%)
($391.980)
iber of the Public Works Committee and is one
Robert A. Rovner (R)
66,693
(38%)
($446,282)
arinè and Fisheries. He is friendly to groups
tays close to local issues and, like most of his
Γ Wilson Goode in the May 1987 mayoral
FOURTH DISTRICT
Fifty years ago, the Jones & Laughlin steel mill, which employed 9,000 men in Aliquippa,
80-86; Pop. 1980: 516,154, dn. 6.6% 1970-80.
Pennsylvania in Beaver County northwest of Pittsburgh. was "surrounded by a high wire fence.
19% married couples: 26.6% housing units rented;
Workers' houses squat on the flats or cling to the grassless slopes. When the mills are running
,700. Voting age pop. (1980): 391,605: 7% Black,
full blast, the town is bustling and houses receive a new coat of paint. The shores of the Ohio are
lined with piles of iron ore, limestone and coal, and with cranes, stocks and furnaces." Aliquippa
115,312
(51%)
wasn't picturesque, but it was one of the sinews of America, where immigrants and their sons
110,228
(48%)
worked their way up by pouring the steel that built the country and won the war. Now the mills
are cold and silent; LTV, the supposedly synergistic conglomerate that bought Jones &
Election Results
1988 general
William H. Gray III (D)
184,322
(94%)
Richard L. Harsh (R)
($660,456)
12,365
(6%)
1988 primary
William H. Gray III (D), unopposed
1986 general
William H. Gray III (D)
128,399
(98%)
($551,836)
THIRD DISTRICT
In northeast Philadelphia, out Roosevelt Boulevard, you could still see farms and empty fields 50
years ago; the alley-wide streets of North and South Philadelphia and the river wards were
already tightly packed with houses and people, and the Main Line suburbs might already be
well-settled near the stations, but the transit lines and the workers of Philadelphia's docks and
factories and Center City offices had not yet moved out in any great numbers to the northeast.
But today, northeast Philadelphia includes almost one-third of the city's population and its
population is still growing. Along the Delaware River, with its blocks of closely packed brick row
houses and neighborhood bars with neon lights, with mostly Irish and Italian residents and their
pungent accents, you expect to see a Democratic ward leader (except in Philadelphia it would
usually have been a Republican) knocking on the doors and distributing coal for the winter.
Away from these old neighborhoods, 10 to 20 miles from Independence Hall, middle-income
tract housing was still going up in the 1960s; more than half the housing units here, in fact, were
built after 1950 (as compared to 20% in the rest of the city).
A sizable percentage of northeast Philadelphia's population is Jewish, in neighborhoods that
are like neither Brooklyn nor Scarsdale. The houses are pleasant, but modest; the politics
Democratic, but not always liberal and many are part of the hard-pressed lower-middle class.
Quite a few voted for Frank Rizzo for mayor, some joined him when he reregistered in the
Republican party and many live in fear that blacks will move into their neighborhoods.
Northeast Philadelphia also has a sizable Catholic population, which is still pretty conservative
on cultural issues. In many ways, this is a district out of the 1950s.
The congressman from the 3d District is Robert Borski, a young former stockbroker and state
legislator from the older part of the district who got the 1982 nomination when other Democrats
failed to see how Democratic a year it would be. To everyone's surprise, Borski beat Republican
Charles Dougherty, who had been elected in 1978 when Democrat Joshua Eilberg was indicted
for accepting $100,000 to help a Philadelphia hospital get a federal grant. Borski has won
reelection easily since; the one highlight came in 1986 when Dougherty, who had become a
Democrat, switched back to run as a Republican the day of the filing deadline. But Dougherty
lost that primary 2 to 1 to a more constant Republican who in turn lost to Borski by almost as
great a margin. Borski makes few waves in the House, where he generally votes a liberal line
except on cultural issues like abortion; he is a member of the Public Works Committee and is one
of two Philadelphia Democrats on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. He is friendly to groups
which support the Irish Republican Army. He stays close to local issues and, like most of his
constituents, backed Ed Rendell against Mayor Wilson Goode in the May 1987 mayorai
primary.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 513,800, dn. 0.5% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516,154, dn. 6.6% 1970-80.
Households (1980): 74% family, 34% with children, 59% married couples; 26.6% housing units rented:
median monthly rent: $201; median house value: $32,700. Voting age pop. (1980): 391,605; 7% Black.
1% Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin.
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
115,312
(51%)
Dukakis (D)
110,228
(48%)
I LVANIA
1039
ning as workers who have long since
Rep. Joe P. Kolter (D)
move somewhere else to find work.
Elected 1982; b. Sept. 3, 1926, McDonald; home, New Brighton:
issional districts today; 35 years ago,
Geneva Col., B.S. 1950, Duquesne U., U. of Pittsburgh; Roman
n that has accompanied it, the same
Catholic; married (Dorothy).
alf of the 4th Congressional District
Career: Army, 1944-47; Accountant, 1950-67; High sch.
orth of Pittsburgh to take in the
teacher, 1950, 1965-67; New Brighton Borough Cncl., 1961-65;
onier. The irregular boundaries were
PA House of Reps., 1969-82.
pt to preserve the seat of one of the
Offices: 212 CHOB 20515, 202-225-2565. Also 1322 7th Ave.,
licans; the attempt failed, but the
Beaver Falls 15010, 412-846-3600; 20 S. Mercer St., New Castle
ave produced football players of the
16101, 412-658-4525; 104 P.O. Bldg., Butler 16001, 412-282-8081;
ed a melancholy string of incompe-
and 21 S. 7th St., Indiana 15701, 412-349-3755.
rrounding area were represented by
he ultra-Democratic Watergate year
Committees: Government Operations (16th of 24 D). Subcommit-
tees: Commerce, Consumer, and Monetary Affairs; Environment,
it after losing he was able to win only
Energy, and Natural Resources. House Administration (10th of 13
His conqueror was Gary Myers. a
D). Subcommittees: Accounts; Office Systems. Public Works and
ost as a foreman in a steel mill. The
Transportation (12th of 31 D). Subcommittees: Aviation; Eco-
st to Myers in 1976, won unimpres-
nomic Development; Water Resources.
primary in which he lost western
it as the steel industry was going into
Group Ratings
le one part of the country trending
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
60
57
93
73
50
22
6
60
17
10
itician like this, and didn't. The new
1987
64
-
92
71
-
5
-
-
36
11
what he knows best, the woes of the
National Journal Ratings
epublican primary!) by a 60%-39%
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1 solid labor support. He now serves
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
92%
-
0%
61%
-
38%
Iministration Committees. He has a
Social
49%
-
50%
59%
-
40%
cy and traditional on cultural issues.
Foreign
55%
-
45%
54%
-
46%
I assistance to individuals unable to
sponsor of a measure to cut contra
Key Votes
e contras were Communist, Daniel
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
FOR
been communist at one time. He is
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
is tenure is the possibility-not an
3) Deficit Reduc
-
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
tricting.
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Joseph P. Kolter (D)
124,041
(70%)
($90,710)
Gordon R. Johnston (R)
52,402
(29%)
1988 primary
Joseph P. Kolter (D), unopposed
1986 general
Joseph P. Kolter (D)
86,133
(60%)
($249,885)
Al Lindsay (R)
55,165
(39%)
($9,029)
p. 1980: 515,572. up 6.1% 1970-80.
1 couples; 24.1% housing units rented;
g age pop. (1980): 375,245: 2% Black.
FIFTH DISTRICT
The countryside outside Philadelphia is studded with separate settlements that have histories
and personalities which date back to the times when Philadelphia was a day or so's horse ride
away. Chester, a small industrial town on the Delaware River, is really an old city which for
years had its own Republican machine; most of its residents are black now. The Chadds Ford
97,784
(54%)
area, where the Wyeth family lives and paints, is peaceful countryside far from the brawling
81,028
(45%)
tone of Philadelphia public life. Kennett Square nearby is the center of the nation's mushroom
industry. Coatesville, at the western edge of the district, is really part of the Pennsylvania Dutch
1040
PENNSYLVANIA
country, although no one is sure just where the boundary is. Not far away is Oxford, home of
Rep. Richard T. Schulze (R)
Lincoln University, one of the nation's oldest black colleges-a symbol of the area's Lincoln
Elec
Republican heritage and a reminder that there are many blacks scattered over this area; on the
Hous
next field, from a country mansion, you may see an A.M.E. church surrounded by what look like
marr
19th century cabins.
Care
These outer edges of the Philadelphia metropolitan area-technically in western Montgomery
man
and Delaware counties, plus most of Chester County farther out-make up the 5th Congres-
and
sional District of Pennsylvania. The 5th is one of the premier Republican congressional districts
Offic
in the nation. Its Main Line commuters at the Paoli station, its Pennsylvania Dutch country.
St.. S
even the area around Chester-are all heavily Republican. This is one of those heartland
Republican districts which for decades has supplied the House Republican Conference with its
Comr.
Over
backbenchers and its most reliable supporters.
The current congressman, Richard Schulze, is a Republican Party loyalist with roots in the
richest part of the district. He has taken jobs of sufficient modesty-Chester County register of
wills, state representative-to suggest that he was seen as the kind of faithful local functionary
who is allowed, by men of great power who commute to offices in the big city, to handle affairs in
Group Ratings
their small local community.
Schulze easily won the Republican primary for this seat in 1974 and has been reelected
ADA
ACLU
1988
COPE
C
without perceptible difficulty since. His record on major issues is solidly Republican. He serves
30
24
the Ways and Means Committee and is now ranking minority member on its Oversight 0:
1987
22
8
-
21
on Subcommittee. Schulze also has a seat on the Trade Subcommittee, and has concentrated
National Journal Ratings
those issues. Here he is true to Pennsylvania's century-old protectionist tradition. introducing
bills calling for reciprocity and fairness and mandating vigorous retaliation against countries
Economic
1988 LIB - 198
I
that do not comply. In 1986, he was an early sponsor of the "15.16"
Social
15%
tions trade bill that passed the House in May. By early 1987, he appeared with 1.1'
Foreign
31%
-
30%
competitiveness" bills giving small businesses tax breaks and reinstating the investment
-
Key Votes
credit for "productive equipment and machinery." In 1988, he insisted that the U.S-Canad. vigilar
Free Trade Agreement be monitored to prevent dumping of steel. He is particularly
1) Homeless $
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
5) Ba
against imports of cheap Chinese mushrooms, and has put through technical amendments
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
6) Dr
protect the religious rights of the apolitical Amish.
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR -
7) Ha
Schulze, who tends so carefully the traditional economic interests of this district. is reelects
8) Ba
Election Results
easily every two years.
1988 general
Richard T. Schulze (I
1988 primary
Donald A. Hadley (D
1986 general
Richard T. Schulze (F
Richard T. Schulze (F
Tim Ringgold (D)
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 549,700, up 6.6% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,528. up 9.8C units !"
Households (1980): 77% family, 42% with children, 64% married couples; 31.1% housing 111 R
median monthly rent: $225; median house value: $57,300. Voting age pop. (1980): 370.556:
SIXTH DISTRICT
1% Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin.
6th Congressional District of Pen
Vania beyond the Philadelphia
and northeas
Reading the
and thriftiness. great at
section is laid out with gridiron
PENNSYLVANIA
1041
Rep. Richard T. Schulze (R)
Elected 1974; b. Aug. 7, 1929, Philadelphia; home, Berwyn; U. of
Houston, 1949. Villanova U., 1952, Temple U., 1968; Presbyterian:
married (Nancy).
Career: Army, 1951-53; Businessman, appliances; Committee-
man, Tredyffrin Township, 1960-67; Chester Cnty. Regis. of Wills
and Clerk of Orphans Crt., 1967-69; PA House of Reps., 1969-74.
Offices: 2369 RHOB 20515, 202-225-5761. Also 10 S. Leopard
St., Ste. 204, Paoli 19301, 215-648-0555.
Committees: Ways and Means (5th of 13 R). Subcommittees:
Oversight (Ranking Member); Trade; Social Security.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
1988
CEI
30
24
22
55
56
76
69
100
92
987
52
8
-
21
29
-
77
-
-
85
62
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB- 1988 CONS
Economic
1987 LIB- 1987 CONS
15%
I
84%
-
social
36%
63%
31%
I
69%
10%
-
Foreign
85%
30%
-
67%
27%
-
72%
Lay Votes
) Homeless $
FOR
7 Gephardt Amdt
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
AGN
n Deficit Reduc
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
-
1 Kill Pint Clsng Notice FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
lection Results
988 general
Richard T. Schulze (R)
153,453
(78%)
($444,205)
988 primary
Donald A. Hadley (D)
42,758
(22%)
386 general
Richard T. Schulze (R), unopposed
Richard T. Schulze (R)
87,593
(66%)
($320,232)
Tim Ringgold (D)
45,648
(34%)
($115,056)
SIXTH DISTRICT
The 6th Congressional District of Pennsylvania is betwixt and between-a of
VPA brtheastern Pennsylvania. and northeast of the Pennsylvania Dutch country. Fifty area the
tensylvania beyond the Philadelphia orbit, south of the center of the anthracite part eastern of
and of orderliness and thriftiness. and these traits are reflected in the city's make The
fetish Guide found in Reading the greatest concentration of Pennsylvania Germans, years who ago
For fow section is laid out with gridiron simplicity; urban residential areas are appearance. made up of row
grime of red brick houses. Despite the encroachment of railroad and industrial
1042
PENNSYLVANIA
Mountain, and you are in anthracite country, where the Guide found little towns
because their streets had sunk, settled because of the mines underneath, boarde
mills, and Pottsville-John O'Hara's "Gibbsville"-whose anthracite industry wa:
decline after strikes in 1922 and 1925 prompted many consumers to switch to C
heating. These were not well-ordered German cities, but hard-bitten towns where the
schemed with bootleggers to get a supply of the best smuggled liquor, where peo
modest background tried and usually failed to imitate upper-class manners, and W
talking miners and factory workers stayed menacingly in the background unless
stumbled into the wrong roadhouse at night or diner at dawn.
In the 1930s, there were more people in Schuylkill County around Pottsville th
County around Reading; now the reverse is true, and about 60% of the 6th District's
south of Blue Mountain. The anthracite country has continued its decline (Schuyl
had a population of 228,000 in 1940 and 160,000 in 1980), while Reading, once :
manufacturing center, has been doing fairly well on lower-wage work and by conve
brick factories to factory outlet stores that attract bargain hunters from all over th
Dutch country is not far away, and the 6th District now includes a small sliver of he:
Lancaster County.
The 6th District, in national elections, is not as Democratic as you might expect.
working-class people who would have been good Democratic voters have long since r.
in search of jobs. And in Berks County the Pennsylvania Dutch (i.e., German) traditi
heavily Republican since the region split in 1858 over the slavery issue, as did twc
local Democrats, James Buchanan of Lancaster and his lieutenant, J. Glancy Jones
then chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee.
Nevertheless, the congressional representation here has been Democratic since
current incumbent, Gus Yatron, was first elected in 1968, and continues to win by ove
margins. His general voting record in the House is liberal on economic issues, cons
cultural matters-which seems in line with his district. His chief focus, however, h
foreign policy, and he is now, starting his third decade in Congress, the third ranking
on the House Foreign Affairs Committee.
After the 1982 election, he took over the chair of the Human Rights and In
Organizations Subcommittee from Don Bonker of Washington, who relinquished it
chair. There he has attended to his duties in a more than perfunctory way. He has
other committee Democrats to oppose aid to the Nicaraguan contras, but he has al
out, as some of them have been reluctant to do, that the Sandinistas in charge in Ma
been some pretty nasty human rights violators themselves. He criticized both Pinocl
and Marcos of the Philippines when they were still in power, and has criticized Chi:
rights record in Tibet. He is working to support the United Nations, was early in
deforestation in Brazil and is increasingly vocal about the threat of global warming.
Greek descent, and remains interested in and sympathetic to Greek interests, but 1
criticized the demagogic Papandreou government for its policies in dealing with ter
So generally Yatron has been in line with his fellow Democrats. It is not likely he W
out of a chairmanship again, (as he was in 1981 on the Inter-American Affairs Subcoi
favor of Michael Barnes of Maryland). Perhaps-he hopes to succeed to the full
chairmanship some day. That's unlikely, but it is possible; Yatron has proved to
enduring Member in the House than many expected a few years ago.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 522,900, up 1.3% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,952, up 3.9'
Households (1980): 75% family, 36% with children, 63% married couples; 25.5% housing L
median monthly rent: $154; median house value: $32,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 384,537
1% Spanish origin.
PENNSYLVANIA
1043
the Guide found little towns abandone
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
112,048
(61%)
he mines underneath, boarded-up textil
Dukakis (D)
70,915
(38%)
whose anthracite industry was already
any consumers to switch to oil for home
Rep. Gus Yatron (D)
it hard-bitten towns where the rich people
Elected 1968; b. Oct. 6, 1927, Reading; home, Reading; Kutztown
: smuggled liquor, where people of more
St. Teachers Col., 1950; Greek Orthodox; married (Millie).
: upper-class manners, and where tough
ly in the background unless a character
Career: Pro heavyweight boxer, 1947-50; Proprietor, Yatron's
Ice Cream, 1950-69; Mbr., Reading Sch. Bd., 1955-60; PA House
it dawn.
of Reps., 1957-60; PA Senate, 1961-68.
County around Pottsville than in Berks
bout 60% of the 6th District's people live
Offices: 2205 RHOB 20515, 202-225-5546. Also 1940 N. 13th
St., Reading 19604, 215-929-9233; and American Bank Bldg.,
continued its decline (Schuylkill County
Pottsville 17901, 717-622-4212.
1980), while Reading, once a high-wage
wer-wage work and by converting its old
Committees: Foreign Affairs (3d of 28 D). Subcommittees: Hu-
gain hunters from all over the East. The
man Rights and International Organizations (Chairman); Interna-
/ includes a small sliver of heavily Dutch
tional Operations. Post Office and Civil Service (6th of 15 D).
Subcommittees: Human Resources; Investigations.
ocratic as you might expect. A lot of the
cratic voters have long since moved away
L Dutch (i.e., German) tradition has been
Group Ratings
the slavery issue, as did two prominent
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
lieutenant, J. Glancy Jones of Reading,
1958
65
57
84
73
50
24
18
33
36
18
itee.
987
84
-
83
79
-
13
-
-
33
10
has been Democratic since 1948. The
3, and continues to win by overwhelming
National Journal Ratings
ral on economic issues, conservative on
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
His chief focus, however. has been on
conomic
67%
-
30%
62%
-
35%
1 Congress, the third ranking Democrat
Social
36%
-
63%
60%
-
39%
Foreign
54%
-
46%
64%
-
36%
the Human Rights and International
Ker Votes
nington, who relinquished it for another
I Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
an perfunctory way. He has risen with
Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
aguan contras, but he has also pointed
if Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
Sandinistas in charge in Managua have
:1 Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
es. He criticized both Pinochet of Chile
I lection Results
ower, and has criticized China's human
nited Nations, was early in criticizing
988 general
Gus Yatron (D)
114.119
(63%)
($121,435)
e threat of global warming. Yatron is of
James R. Erwin (R)
65,278
(36%)
($12,002)
988 primary
Gus Yatron (D), unopposed
tic to Greek interests, but has sharply
986 general
Gus Yatron (D)
98.142
(69%)
($97,114)
; policies in dealing with terrorists.
Norm Bertasavage (R)
43.858
(31%)
($18,211)
mocrats. It is not likely he will be voted
ter-American Affairs Subcommittee, in
pes to succeed to the full committee
ble; Yatron has proved to be a more
SEVENTH DISTRICT
ew years ago.
One of America's distinctive political constituencies is Delaware County, Pennsylvania, just
utside Philadelphia, long the home of the old Delaware War Board, one of the premier
Pop. 1980: 515,952, up 3.9% 1970-80.
Republican political machines in the country. The War Board harks back to the days when
ried couples; 25.5% housing units rented;
ting age pop. (1980): 384,537; 1% Black,
Republicans carried everything in Pennsylvania, and when working-class neighborhoods were
erviced and rallied by Republican ward heelers. For although Delaware County has its rich
teighborhoods. much of it is modest. You might not notice the difference if you drove over
1044
PENNSYLVANIA
Cobbs or Darby Creeks, which separate the county from Philadelphia: the mostly white
working-class neighborhood in Philadelphia looks a lot like the modest, long-settled close-in
suburbs nearby, in Upper Darby Township and a dozen or so small incorporated boroughs.
These are increasingly the homes of older people whose families are grown, who still treasure
traditional cultural values but also felt pinched during the recession and worry about how they
will fare in retirement. Farther along, the houses spread out, and real estate values rise in leafy
suburbs like Swarthmore; these are also old areas, but the people are more secure and less
anxious. (Swarthmore College, alma mater of Michael Dukakis, is liberal; the town is not.) To
the north are some of the suburbs of the Main Line-the highest income and highest status
communities in the Philadelphia area.
Politically, the War Board is one of the last of the Republican machines which dominated so
much of the middle-class American North in the 1920s, when Republicanism was the norm from
which few decent-minded Protestant voters in such neighborhoods deviated, and political
machines were as much a part of the urban landscape as trolley lines or overhead electrical
wires. Philadelphia, after all, kept electing machine Republican mayors until 1951 and the War
Board provided stable and reliable, if undistinguished and dull, local government and represen-
tation in Washington and Harrisburg. And if that era seems long gone, it may have returned: the
entire Philadelphia metropolitan area, its economy reviving, gave majorities to Ronald Reagan
in 1980 and 1984, and Delaware County Republicans have elected a congressman with genuine
roots in a working class community and wide popularity and appeal.
He is Curt Weldon, and he first came to attention as mayor of Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania's
southernmost town on the Delaware River, the home of oil tank farms and a rusty-looking old
steel mill. Weldon was an active and popular mayor. went on the county council, and then ran in
1984 in the 7th Congressional District, which includes most of Delaware County and one ward
of Philadelphia, against incumbent Bob Edgar. Edgar was an archetypical member of the class
of 1974, a Methodist minister from a working-class background and an opponent of the Vietnam
war and Richard Nixon, who entered politics suddenly in 1974, profited from an internal
Republican split and a national trend of opinion, established a liberal and anti-pork-barrel record
and surprised everyone (probably including himself) by winning reelection five times. Against
Weldon, Edgar won by 412 votes out of 248,000 cast. In 1986, Edgar ran for the Senate, won the
Democratic primary narrowly, but lost the general election by a large margin to Arlen Specter.
Weldon was elected to the House fairly easily, with no primary opposition and 61% in the
general.
Weldon made a distinctive record in the House, not just protecting the Philadelphia Navy
Yard on the Armed Services Committee, but also establishing a Congressional Fire Services
Caucus, which has 286 members and sponsored measures calling for new alarm systems in
congressional offices and a new Fire Training Center in Illinois. Weldon personally helped to put
out a fire in Speaker Jim Wright's office. He also came forward with the distinctive proposal to
identify the sponsors, beneficiaries and costs of targeted tax measures-something sure not to
ingratiate him with Ways and Means Chairman Dan Rostenkowski, but obviously justified. He
got the period in which convicted individuals cannot lobby the Defense Department extended
from one to five years. He helped set up an EPA recycling clearinghouse.
With a voting record that made occasional bows to liberals on economic and cultural issues,
Weldon was in fine shape for the 1988 general in which he beat former Gary Hart delegate
counter David Landau 68%-32%.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 519,500, up 0.7% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,766, dn. 8.3% 1970-80.
Households (1980): 75% family, 36% with children, 62% married couples; 26.3% housing units rented:
median monthly rent: $233; median house value: $45,600. Voting age pop. (1980): 387,309; 5% Black,
1% Asian origin, 1% Spanish origin.
PENNSYLVANIA
1045
nty from Philadelphia: the mostly white
1488 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
140,716
(60%)
1 lot like the modest, long-settled close-in
Dukakis (D)
93,286
(39%)
dozen or so small incorporated boroughs.
hose families are grown, who still treasure
Rep. Curt Weldon (R)
ng the recession and worry about how they
Elected 1986; b. July 22, 1947, Marcus Hook; home, Aston; West
ead out, and real estate values rise in leafy
Chester State Col., B.A. 1969; Protestant; married (Mary).
but the people are more secure and less
Career: Teacher, Vice Principal, 1969-76; Dir., Training and
ael Dukakis, is liberal; the town is not.) To
Manpower Devel., INA Corp., 1976-81; Mayor, Marcus Hook,
e-the highest income and highest status
1977-82; Delaware Cnty. Cncl., 1984-86, Chmn. 1985-86.
Offices: 1233 LHOB 20515, 202-225-2011. Also 1554 Garrett
Republican machines which dominated so
Rd., Upper Darby 19082, 215-259-0700; and 2501 S. 71st St.,
)s, when Republicanism was the norm from
Philadelphia 19145, 215-365-7755.
ch neighborhoods deviated, and political
ape as trolley lines or overhead electrical
Committees: Armed Services (15th of 21 R). Subcommittees:
Republican mayors until 1951 and the War
Research and Development; Seapower and Strategic and Critical
Materials. Merchant Marine and Fisheries (12th of 17 R). Sub-
i and dull, local government and represen-
committees: Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment;
seems long gone, it may have returned: the
Oceanography. Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Fam-
eviving, gave majorities to Ronald Reagan
ilies (8th of 12 R).
; have elected a congressman with genuine
rity and appeal.
Group Ratings
as mayor of Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania's
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
of oil tank farms and a rusty-looking old
30
47
57
82
56
59
71
90
71
42
vent on the county council, and then ran in
36
-
40
29
-
55
-
-
73
54
:S most of Delaware County and one ward
National Journal Ratings
r was an archetypical member of the class
ckground and an opponent of the Vietnam
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
conomic
40%
-
lenly in 1974, profited from an internal
58%
39%
-
60%
end
37%
-
62%
lished a liberal and anti-pork-barrel record
40%
-
60%
oreign
16%
-
78%
31%
-
69%
by winning reelection five times. Against
In 1986, Edgar ran for the Senate, won the
hey Votes
ection by a large margin to Arlen Specter.
Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
1 no primary opposition and 61% in the
Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
ot just protecting the Philadelphia Navy
Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
-
stablishing a Congressional Fire Services
I lection Results
asures calling for new alarm systems in
1 Illinois. Weldon personally helped to put
NS general
Curt Weldon (R)
155.387
(68%)
($507,360)
e forward with the distinctive proposal to
David Edward Landau (D)
73.745
(32%)
($203,582)
os primary
Curt Weldon (R), unopposed
ted tax measures-something sure not to
general
Curt Weldon (R)
110,118
(61%)
($617,063)
Rostenkowski, but obviously justified. He
Bill Spingler (D)
69,557
(39%)
($166,612)
lobby the Defense Department extended
cling clearinghouse.
liberals on economic and cultural issues,
ich he beat former Gary Hart delegate
EIGHTH DISTRICT
Inc of the original three counties of William Penn's colony, Bucks County had its dual nature
am the beginning: it was a paradise of bucolic hills and creeks running into the Delaware, and
6; Pop. 1980: 515,766, dn. 8.3% 1970-80.
narried couples: 26.3% housing units rented;
1727 James Logan, Penn's secretary, established the Durham Furnace iron works there. Fifty
Voting age pop. (1980): 387,309; 5% Black.
cars ago, it was still the bucolic Bucks that captured the imagination, the by that time mellow
and well-settled farmland, with old stone houses and covered bridges, easily reached by train
om New York as well as Philadelphia, and long the residence of well-known writers and artists,
1046
PENNSYLVANIA
including the late yippie Abbie Hoffman, who committed suicide in New Hope in 1989. In 1
years after World War II, the location of Lower Bucks County-directly between Philadelph
and industrial Trenton, New Jersey, along the ocean-navigable Delaware River and several r
lines-led to huge new developments here. U.S. Steel built its Fairless Works, one of the few t
postwar steel plants, down by the river. And the Levitt organization created one of its Levittou
in what had been farmland and swamp between U.S. 13 and U.S. 1, which the WPA Gui
described in 1940 as "flat country inappropriately known as Penn Valley. Gasoline station
refreshment stands, and farm produce stands clutter the roadside; billboards also intrude."
Politically, Bucks County, like all of Pennsylvania, was solidly Republican: it was the home
Senator Joseph Grundy, longtime head of the Pennsylvania Manufacturers Association, W
opposed the Smoot-Hawley tariff of 1930 on the grounds that it was not protectionist enoug
But in contrast to the other suburban Philadelphia counties, where most of the blue-coll
immigration took place a long time ago, when Philadelphia itself was solidly Republican and t'
suburban county machines ready to enroll new residents in their party, development came aft
the New Deal in Bucks. So Lower Bucks, around the Fairless Works and Levittown, has be
fairly solidly Democratic, while Upper Bucks is Republican but sometimes liberal on issues li:
the environment and foreign policy. The 8th Congressional District of Pennsylvania includes
of Bucks County plus a small slice of Montgomery County directly north of Philadelphia
Center City. And although it leans Republican, it has elected Democratic Congressman Pet
Kostmayer for all but two years since 1976.
Kostmayer's political formula has been to emphasize his liberal stands on environmental ar
foreign issues, to vote somewhat more conservatively on economic issues, and to work hard
constituency services. He was a product of the Democratic politics of the middle 1970s:
McGovern coordinator and press aide to Governor Milton Shapp who got it into his head to IL
for Congress at age 30 and was shrewd enough to figure out how to win. Vigorous opposition
corruption (he urged early investigations of Koreagate and of his fellow Pennsylvania Democra:
Daniel Flood and Joshua Eilberg) and emphasis on environmental issues (he helped kill th
Tocks Island Dam on the Delaware) enabled Kostmayer to solidify support in Upper Bucks: I
easily won reelection in 1978. But in 1980, the district went Republican, in a year in whic
economic issues were the center of attention, and elected James Coyne. Coyne in turn stumble
when he showed a lack of feel for the political process, attacking Kostmayer for continuing I
help 8th District residents with problems and flip-flopping in public view on the nuclear freeze
Kostmayer regained the seat with a 50%-49% victory in 1982.
In this second stint in Congress. he has gotten along better with his colleagues and slowl
increased his percentages with the voters. He sits on the Interior Committee and now chairs th
Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee and cites as proud achievements a Pennsylvan:
Wilderness Act and making the Delaware & Lehigh Canal a National Heritage Corridor. 0
economic issues, he supports Gramm-Rudman and the line-item veto. Kostmayer has worke
hard to defeat the MX missile, and as a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee has taken
front-row position opposing aid to the Nicaraguan contras. But he has been flexible enough 1
invite House Armed Services Chairman Les Aspin, who took the opposite view on both issue:
into the 8th District to persuade him to save the Naval Air Defense Command in Warminste
the second biggest employer in the district.
In the 8th District, Kostmayer has tried to keep his opponents from launching attacks on hi
record by preemptive strikes at them-and has succeeded. In 1988, Kostmayer launched a
attack on the supposed absenteeism of former state Senator Ed Howard by emphasizing th.
1,234 roll calls he missed; Howard claimed he was present at 92%. Oddly, Howard attacked
Kostmayer as a tool of developers; the Upper County is worried about overdevelopment, but a
Kostmayer said the charge had the credibility of accusing Colonel Sanders of being a friend 0
chickens.
PENNSYLVANIA
1047
suicide in New in
Howard might have aimed more fire at what Kostmayer said while at the Democratic
ounty-directly
\.{tional Convention. "We are not going to blow it this time," he told a liberal gathering. "Just
gable Delaware
cut up. gays, women and environmentalists. Just shut up. You'll get everything you want after
L its Fairless one of the few big
election. But just, for the meantime, shut up so that we can win. There's a real strong feeling
inization created one of its Levittowns
we don't want to start trouble. Nobody wants to take the rap for messing this up." As a
} and U.S. 1, which the WPA Guide
infession of disingenuousness in politics, this can hardly be beaten. But Kostmayer had a huge
/n as Penn Valley. Gasoline stations,
oney advantage-in mid-October he was the number 10 fundraiser in House races, with more
roadside; billboards also intrude."
$1.1 million raised-and pressed it home for his biggest victory since 1978. It's hard to say
solidly Republican: it was the home of
has a safe seat, but hard to say what he could do to make it safer.
nia Manufacturers Association, who
that it was not protectionist enough.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 559,900, up 1.0% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516,902, up 14.1% 1970-80.
nties. where most of the blue-collar
!ouseholds (1980): 80% family, 45% with children, 70% married couples; 25.9% housing units rented;
1 itself was solidly Republican and the
redian monthly rent: $255; median house value: $57,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 364,239; 2% Black,
Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin.
1 their party, development came after
irless Works and Levittown, has been
1988 Presidential Vote: Bush
(R)
138,869
(60%)
in but sometimes liberal on issues like
Dukakis (D)
88,081
(38%)
1 District of Pennsylvania includes all
unty directly north of Philadelphia's
Rep. Peter H. Kostmayer (D)
cted Democratic Congressman Peter
Elected 1982; b. Sept. 27, 1946, New York, NY; home, Solebury;
Columbia U., B.A. 1971; Episcopalian: separated.
S liberal stands on environmental and
Career: Reporter. The Trentonian, 1971-72; Press Secy. to Atty.
economic issues, and to work hard on
Gen. of PA, 1972-73; Dpty. Press Secy. to PA Gov. Milton Shapp,
ratic politics of the middle 1970s: a
1973-76; U.S. House of Reps., 1977-81; Pub. rel. consultant,
Shapp who got it into his head to run
1981-82.
ut how to win. Vigorous opposition to
Offices: 123 CHOB 20515, 202-225-4276. Also 100 S. Main St.,
of his fellow Pennsylvania Democrats
Doylestown 18901. 215-345-8543; 1 Oxford Valley, Ste. 700,
ironmental issues (he helped kill the
Langhorne 19047, 215-757-8181; and 515 S. West End Blvd.,
o solidify support in Upper Bucks; he
Quakertown 18951, 215-538-2222.
went Republican, in a year in which
Committees: Foreign Affairs (11th of 28 D). Subcommittees:
ames Coyne. Coyne in turn stumbled
International Economic Policy and Trade: Western Hemisphere
ttacking Kostmayer for continuing to
Affairs. Interior and Insular Affairs (12th of 26 D). Subcommit-
: in public view on the nuclear freeze.
tees: General Oversight and Investigations (Chairman); National
1982.
Parks and Public Lands; Water. Power and Offshore Energy
better with his colleagues and slowly
Resources. Select Committee on Hunger (5th of 19 D).
iterior Committee and now chairs the
Group Ratings
proud achievements a Pennsylvania
al a National Heritage Corridor. On
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
ne-item veto. Kostmayer has worked
1988
85
91
89
91
88
4
11
10
31
13
breign Affairs Committee has taken a
1987
96
-
88
79
-
0
-
-
7
6
S. But he has been flexible enough to
National Journal Ratings
took the opposite view on both issues.
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
ir Defense Command in Warminster,
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
71%
-
23%
73%
-
0%
Social
82%
I
17%
78%
-
0%
onents from launching attacks on his
Foreign
74%
I
23%
81%
-
0%
ed. In 1988. Kostmayer launched an
ator Ed Howard by emphasizing the
Key Votes
ent at 92%. Oddly, Howard attacked
!) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
orried about overdevelopment, but as
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
; Colonel Sanders of being a friend of
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
11 Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
1048
PENNSYLVANIA
Election Results
1988 general
Peter H. Kostmayer (D)
128,153
(57%)
($1,089,612)
Ed Howard (R)
93,648
(42%)
($507,682)
1988 primary
Peter H. Kostmayer (D)
34,298
(90%)
Edward T. Czyzyk (D)
3,947
(10%)
1986 general
Peter H. Kostmayer (D)
85,731
(55%)
($682,526)
David A. Christian (R)
70,047
(45%)
($353,180)
NINTH DISTRICT
Like a series of vertebrae through central Pennsylvania, the Appalachian mountain chain has
been a formidable barrier through most of Pennsylvania's history. Up close the mountains look
tantalizingly low: you imagine that you could hike over them in an hour or so. But they are much
more formidable than they seem. The colonials and British regulars led by General Braddock to
his defeat near Pittsburgh in 1754 found it hard going, despite their guidance from George
Washington; Scots-Irish settlers and 19th century pioneers in Conestoga wagons found it not
much easier, for there are few gaps in the ridges and unless you can build a tunnel you have to
climb over the top.
During the 18th century, the mountains provided Quaker Pennsylvania with a rampart
against Indian attacks, and allowed the commonwealth to become the richest and most populous
of the colonies. But in the 19th century, when people wanted to open up and trade with the vast
interior, the mountains stopped them, and they went over New York's Erie Canal and New York
Central Railroad instead. It took the aggressive capitalists who built the Pennsylvania Railroad
to get trains over these ridges, and a nation at war in the 1940s to build the first highway, the
Pennsylvania Turnpike, that could dependably get trucks over them. Today, the old towns look
much as they did 60 years ago, and the farmhouses and red barns still sit on rolling hills in the
shadow of one or another of the ridges, isolated and out of touch with the pulsing rhythms of the
America of the 1980s.
The 9th is the only one of Pennsylvania's congressional districts to lie wholly within these
mountains. This part of the Alleghenies (the term is often used interchangeably with Appala-
chians in Pennsylvania) was first settled by poor Scottish and Ulster Irish farmers just after the
Revolutionary War. They were a people of fierce independence and pride, as the Whiskey
Rebellion demonstrated-corn was not an article of commerce out here unless distilled into
easily portable alcohol. The settlers worked their hardscrabble farms and built their little towns.
Sometimes coal was found nearby, and their communities changed. But for the most part the 9th
is not really coal country, and the area was denied-or spared-the boom-bust cycles of
northeastern Pennsylvania and West Virginia. This was an important area for the Pennsylvania
Railroad, however. Near Altoona was the Pennsylvania Railroad's famous Horseshoe Curve.
and in Altoona itself the railroad built the nation's largest car yards. As rail transportation
became less important, and the Pennsylvania Railroad moved from prosperity to merger 1.
bankruptcy, Altoona's population declined from 82,000 at the end of the 1920s to 58,000 it
1989.
This part of Pennsylvania has been solidly Republican since the election of 1860, and it ha
not come close to electing a Democrat to Congress for years. The current incumbent, E. C
(Bud) Shuster, is an entrepreneur who made a fortune building up a computer business. H
decided to settle in the southern Pennsylvania mountains, became interested in local affair
decided to run for Congress, and beat the favorite, a local state senator, in the 1972 Republic
primary. Shuster has won easily since.
He has had essentially two careers in the House. In the 1970s he was a hard-driving partisa
PENNSYLVANIA
1049
128,153
(57%)
me House's most vociferous opponent of the air bag, and chairman of the Republican Policy
($1,089,612)
93,648
committee until the 1980 election. Then he ran for minority whip against Trent Lott and lost.
(42%)
($507,682)
34,298
(90%)
since then he has concentrated his efforts on the Public Works Committee, working with
3,947
(10%)
Democrats, including the late Chairman James Howard, to raise the gasoline tax and build
85,731
(55%)
($682,526)
nghways. One of the most vocal sounders of conservative themes in the late 1970s, by the more late
70,047
(45%)
($353,180)
10. Shuster had a hand in writing the Clean Water Act Amendments and the Surface
980s his main work was getting the water and highway bills passed over President Reagan's
-unsportation Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. The largest single "demonstration
"geet" by far was the $9 million project to close a gap in the U.S. 220 freeway between Altoona
"d the borough of Tyrone "for the purpose of demonstrating state-of-the-art delineation
ia, the Appalachian mountain chain has
schnology." in All of which is ironic in terms of 1980s politics, but makes more sense when
ia's history. Up close the mountains look
ink terms of the 1780s or 1880s: for the conquest of these Appalachian ridges by western you
them in an hour or so. But they are much
vilization. now as then, depends critically on support and subsidy from government, and a
tish regulars led by General Braddock to
nation to forget that.
agressman from these parts, unless perhaps he has a national leadership role, is not in any
ng, despite their guidance from George
neers in Conestoga wagons found it not
inless you can build a tunnel you have to
The useholds People: Est. Pop. 1986: 521,200, up 1.1% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,430, 8.5% 1970-80.
adian (1980): 78% family, 41% with children, 67% married couples; 24.6% housing up units
monthly rent: $137; median house value: $32,600. Voting age pop. (1980): 368,331; 1% rented; Black.
1 Quaker Pennsylvania with a rampart
I to become the richest and most populous
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
106,383
Dukakis (D)
(63%)
vanted to open up and trade with the vast
61,408
(36%)
ver New York's Erie Canal and New York
lists who built the Pennsylvania Railroad
Rep. E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R)
the 1940s to build the first highway, the
icks over them. Today, the old towns look
Elected 1972; b. Jan. 23, 1932, Glassport; home, Everett; U. of
nd red barns still sit on rolling hills in the
Pittsburgh, B.S. 1954, Duquesne U., M.B.A. 1960, American U.,
it of touch with the pulsing rhythms of the
Ph.D. 1967; United Church of Christ: married (Patricia).
Career: Army, 1954-56; Vice Pres., Electronic Computer Div.,
sional districts to lie wholly within these
RCA; Founder and Chmn., computer software companies.
often used interchangeably with Appala-
Offices: 2268 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2431. Also RD 2, Box 711,
tish and Ulster Irish farmers just after the
Altoona 16601. 814-946-1653; and 179 E. Queen St., Chambers-
ndependence and pride. as the Whiskey
burg 17201, 717-264-8308.
f commerce out here unless distilled into
iscrabble farms and built their little town
Committees: Public Works and Transportation (2d of 20 R).
Subcommittees: Aviation; Investigations and Oversight; Surface
ities changed. But for the most part the 9th
Transportation (Ranking Member). Select Committee on Intelli-
ed-or spared-the boom-bust cycles of
gence (3d of 7 R). Subcommittees: Oversight and Evaluation;
vas an important area for the Pennsylvania
Program and Authorization.
ania Railroad's famous Horseshoe Curve.
S largest car yards. As rail transportation
road moved from prosperity to merger to
up Ratings
,000 at the end of the 1920s to 58,000 if
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
5
NTLC
13
NSI
18
27
COC
CEI
19
100
olican since the election of 1860. and it has
20
75
18
100
-
29
100
77
-
70
-
S for years. The current incumbent. E G
-
80
63
tune building up a computer business, He
thonal Journal Ratings
untains, became interested in local affairs.
1988 LIB 1988 CONS
1 local state senator. in the 1972 Republican
me
13%
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
-
85%
32%
-
5%
67%
-
91%
In the 1970s he was a hard-driving partises.
27%
-
16%
72%
I
78%
0%
-
80%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
F
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
A
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
Ft
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
A
Election Results
1988 general
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R), unopposed
($332.6
1988 primary
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R), unopposed
1986 general
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R)
120,890
(100%)
($276,4
TENTH DISTRICT
"Coal is the theme song of this city in the hills," wrote the WPA Guide of Scranton 50 years a
"Coal brought prosperity and also despair. Coal built its mansions, stores, banks, hotels,
hovels; it blackened the beautiful Lackawanna, scarred the mountain sides, made artificial }
of unsightly coal refuse, and undermined the city itself-but it created an anthracite kingd
the importance of which merits a considerable place in American history. It exalted
hardiness of the Pennsylvania miner and brought into existence one of the most powerful la
unions in the country-the United Mine Workers of America. It did more than any other fac
to diversify Pennsylvania's population," bringing 30 nationalities to Scranton, where e:
"clings to a particular area: the Welsh concentrate in Hyde Park on the west; Germans and It
in South Scranton; Poles, Russians, Lithuanians, and Italians in separate outlying sections."
as those words were written, the anthracite kingdom was dying, or dead. Demand for hard C
as a home heating fuel started to decline in the 1920s and plummeted in the 1940s; the th
major anthracite counties fell in population from 991,000 in 1930 to 731,000 in 19
Lackawanna County fell from 310,000 to 227,000, and Scranton from 143,000 to 87,000.
In the process, many of the characteristic features of the anthracite kingdom vanished. (
was coal dust and air pollution: another was the hills of refuse; the ethnic groups became
distinctive as the generations went on and what had been communities of young families beca
communities of old people. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was an influx of textile and appa
mills, bringing low-wage, non-union jobs to what had once been a high-wage, unionized are:
Scranton and Lackawanna County make up almost half of Pennsylvania's 10th Congressio:
District. The rest of it is made up of the kind of territory Scranton was before the anthrac.
boom: Scots-Irish mountain counties in the Poconos (a favorite resort of many middle-class N
Yorkers) and the northern tier of counties just below Upstate New York. The railroads on wh
Scranton was a major switching point and roundhouse stop plow through here, often on h
viaducts, occasionally through tunnels. But they have few reasons to stop in these small to
and quiet hills.
The politics of the 10th District for many years could be easily summarized: Scranton
Democratic, the rest of the district Republican. But by 1988, a combination of cultu
conservatism and skepticism that government would bring back the old days, made Lackawar
County only 51% for Michael Dukakis, while the mountain counties, some of them filling H
New York expatriates, were as Republican as ever. The result is that what had been basicall
Democratic district when Scranton Republican Joseph McDade won it in 1962 has beco
basically a Republican district.
This may prove fortunate for McDade, whose career has taken a couple of not terribly gc
turns in the late 1980s. For years, he had been ranking Republican on the Interior Appropr
tions Subcommittee, where he was able to cooperate with an often like-minded chairman Sidr
tes
Yates on programs that could produce visible good effects-national parks, aid to the arts,
neless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
FOR
historic preservation, energy research-and mostly didn't cost very much. In 1985, after the
hardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
retirement of Jack Edwards, he switched to the Defense Subcommittee where he is ranking
icit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
Republican. There some expected-or feared-that he would oppose Reagan Administration
Plnt Clsng Notice
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
policies, and others felt he simply wasn't as familiar with them as would be desirable. In fact, he
seems to have made a conscientious effort to support them, and certainly did not embarrass
on Results
himself. But at the same time, he does not conceal his lack of enthusiasm for many Pentagon
(eneral
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R), unopposed
($332,647)
spending increases and some weapons systems. In 1985 and early 1986, when New York's
rimary
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R), unopposed
(eneral
(100%)
Joseph Addabbo was chairman, he sometimes worked with hawkish and nuts-and-bolts minded
E. G. (Bud) Shuster (R)
120,890
($276,463)
Bill Chappell of Florida; then Chappell succeeded to the chair after Addabbo's death; now, with
Chappell defeated, the new chairman is another Pennsylvanian, John Murtha. This surely means
that the Pentagon will be forced to keep buying 300,000 tons of anthracite-one-tenth the
TH DISTRICT
national production-it doesn't need.
But in December 1988, The Wall Street Journal charged that McDade had received $45,000
is the theme song of this city in the hills," wrote the WPA Guide of Scranton 50 years ago.
:11 campaign contributions and speaking fees from officials and others involved in a company
brought prosperity and also despair. Coal built its mansions, stores, banks, hotels, and
with a plant in his district for which he arranged a Defense Department minority set-aside
; it blackened the beautiful Lackawanna, scarred the mountain sides, made artificial hills
contract, and that some of the employees were reimbursed by the company for their contribu-
ightly coal refuse, and undermined the city itself-but it created an anthracite kingdom,
tions-which would make them illegal. In January 1989, McDade refused to provide some
hportance of which merits a considerable place in American history. It exalted the
records subpoenaed by a federal grand jury investigating this United Chem-Con case. How this
less of the Pennsylvania miner and brought into existence one of the most powerful labor
case will turn out no one can say. But it threatens to give McDade at least a bit of a black eye. A
in the country-the United Mine Workers of America. It did more than any other factor
week after the Journal story broke, McDade was defeated for secretary of the Republican
ersify Pennsylvania's population," bringing 30 nationalities to Scranton, where each
Conference by Vin Weber. The questions now, pending legal action or an ethics committee
S to a particular area: the Welsh concentrate in Hyde Park on the west; Germans and Irish
investigation, are whether McDade can retain his effectiveness on the Defense Appropriations
th Scranton; Poles, Russians, Lithuanians, and Italians in separate outlying sections." But
Subcommittee and whether he will remain popular in his increasingly Republican district. It's
se words were written, the anthracite kingdom was dying, or dead. Demand for hard coal
quite possible he will survive. But he may be threatened in 1990, either by serious opposition or
ome heating fuel started to decline in the 1920s and plummeted in the 1940s; the three
by unfavorable redistricting (it's unlikely, but the redistricters could put Scranton and nearby
anthracite counties fell in population from 991,000 in 1930 to 731,000 in 1980.
Wilkes-Barre in the same district). Either of those threats could prove politically fatal or could
wanna County fell from 310,000 to 227,000, and Scranton from 143,000 to 87,000.
persuade McDade to retire.
he process, many of the characteristic features of the anthracite kingdom vanished. One
al dust and air pollution; another was the hills of refuse; the ethnic groups became less
:tive as the generations went on and what had been communities of young families became
unities of old people. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was an influx of textile and apparel
bringing low-wage, non-union jobs to what had once been a high-wage, unionized area.
anton and Lackawanna County make up almost half of Pennsylvania's 10th Congressional
ct. The rest of it is made up of the kind of territory Scranton was before the anthracite
Scots-Irish mountain counties in the Poconos (a favorite resort of many middle-class New
rs) and the northern tier of counties just below Upstate New York. The railroads on which
ton was a major switching point and roundhouse stop plow through here, often on high
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 528,700, up 2.6% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,442, up 7.1% 1970-80.
Households (1980): 76% family, 38% with children, 64% married couples; 28.4% housing units rented;
cts. occasionally through tunnels. But they have few reasons to stop in these small towns
median monthly rent: $140; median house value: $34,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 376,348.
niet hills.
politics of the 10th District for many years could be easily summarized: Scranton was
cratic, the rest of the district Republican. But by 1988, a combination of cultural
vatism and skepticism that government would bring back the old days, made Lackawanna
y only 51% for Michael Dukakis, while the mountain counties, some of them filling with
York expatriates, were as Republican as ever. The result is that what had been basically a
cratic district when Scranton Republican Joseph McDade won it in 1962 has become
lly a Republican district.
S may prove fortunate for McDade, whose career has taken a couple of not terribly good
in the late 1980s. For years, he had been ranking Republican on the Interior Appropria-
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
112,038
(58%)
Subcommittee, where he was able to cooperate with an often like-minded chairman Sidney
Dukakis (D)
80,528
(41%)
Catholic; married (Sarah).
U. of. Notre Dame, B.A. 1953, U. of PA, LL.B. 1956; Roman
Career: Clerk to Chf. Fed. Judge John W. Murphy, 1956-57;
Practicing atty., 1957-62; Scranton City Solicitor, 1962.
Offices: 2370 RHOB 20515, 202-225-3731. Also 514 Scranton
Life Bldg., Scranton 18503, 717-346-3834.
Committees: Appropriations (2d of 22 R). Subcommittees: De-
fense (Ranking Member); Interior. Small Business (Ranking
Member of 17 R). Subcommittee: SBA, the General Economy and
Minority Enterprise Development (Ranking Member).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
40
55
69
91
38
54
44
100
50
23
1987
40
-
68
50
-
37
-
-
36
29
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
50%
-
48%
41%
-
58%
Social
38%
-
61%
43%
-
56%
Foreign
24%
-
76%
33%
-
67%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
-
9) SDI Research
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
Joseph M. McDade (R)
140,096
(73%)
($430,322)
Robert C. Cordaro (D)
51,179
(27%)
($66,299)
1988 primary
Joseph M. McDade (R), unopposed
1986 general
Joseph M. McDade (R)
118,603
(75%)
($291,757)
Robert C. Bolus (D)
40,248
(25%)
($10,195)
ELEVENTH DISTRICT
Three miles east of the town square of Wilkes-Barre, the WPA Guide pointed out 50 years ago,
you could see over the mountainside "a pall of steam in rainy weather. Below the surface here
rages a mine fire started in 1917"-the peak year of local anthracite production-"after a
forgetful mule driver had left his lamp hanging on a mine prop. Millions of tons of coal have
already been consumed, and millions more will be destroyed before the fire encounters
underground barriers set up to save adjoining mining properties. But many more millions will
remain, for the coal veins of Luzerne County, of which Wilkes-Barre is the seat, are almost
inexhaustible and produce 40% of the world's hard coal." To this town, named by Revolutionary-
era pioneers after two Englishmen who supported their cause, thousands of immigrants came in
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1053
seph M. McDade (R)
the late 19th and early 20th centuries, attracted by the high wages they were paid to scrape out
Elected 1962; b. Sept. 29, 1931, Scranton: home, Clarks Summit;
the coal needed to heat the houses and smudge the skies of New York and Boston and
U. of Notre Dame, B.A. 1953, U. of PA, LL.B. 1956; Roman
Catholic; married (Sarah).
Philadelphia. But the endless supplies were never to be exhausted, for anthracite was replaced
by oil and gas heat, and by the 1930s, this region was in decline; Luzerne County's population,
Career: Clerk to Chf. Fed. Judge John W. Murphy, 1956-57;
445,000 in 1930, was 343,000 in 1980.
Practicing atty., 1957-62; Scranton City Solicitor, 1962.
This is the land of Pennsylvania's 11th Congressional District, which includes all of Luzerne
Offices: 2370 RHOB 20515, 202-225-3731. Also 514 Scranton
County and similar territory to the east and west. The miners have been a Democratic voting
Life Bldg., Scranton 18503, 717-346-3834.
bloc since the 1930s, but there were also a lot of Republicans here, people in white-collar
Committees: Appropriations (2d of 22 R). Subcommittees: De-
occupations and ancestral Pennsylvania Republicans of all walks of life. For more than 30 years,
fense (Ranking Member); Interior. Small Business (Ranking
the district was represented by Daniel Flood, a mustachioed Democrat who, from his perch on
Member of 17 R). Subcommittee: SBA, the General Economy and
the Appropriations Committee, brought millions in federal dollars to the anthracite country. But
Minority Enterprise Development (Ranking Member).
in 1978, he was charged with wrongly accepting money, was stripped of his subcommittee
chairmanship, and resigned. In the next six years, the 11th District had a series of bizarre
elections and no less than four different congressmen.
The first was Democratic legislator Ray Musto, who won the April 1980 special election to fill
atings
the rest of Flood's term and probably expected to stay in Congress the rest of his life. But he lost
in the November 1980 landslide to Republican James Nelligan. Nelligan, in turn, lost the 1982
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
election to Democrat Frank Harrison. Harrison was subsequently beaten 47%-43% in the 1984
40
55
69
91
38
54
44
100
50
23
primary by Paul Kanjorski after Harrison was caught travelling in Central America while
40
-
68
50
-
37
-
-
36
29
Wilkes-Barre area residents had to boil their tap water because it was contaminated. This
Journal Ratings
succession, curiously, exactly matches the order of finish in the 1980 special election: Musto
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
(with 27%), Nelligan (23%), Harrison (17%), Kanjorski (16%). The jinx finally ended in 1986-
50%
I
48%
41%
-
58%
or fell on the challenger, 25-year-old Marc Holtzman, son of a Wilkes-Barre jewelry manufac-
38%
-
61%
43%
-
56%
turer who flew 1980 presidential candidate Ronald Reagan around in the company plane and let
24%
-
76%
33%
-
67%
Marc tag along. Holtzman raised $1.3 million from Reagan connections, but evidently
S
convinced voters in the 11th District, who had given Reagan only a narrow margin anyway, that
he was nothing more than a kind of mascot. Kanjorski just plodded on, returning to the district,
ess $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
-
9) SDI Research
FOR
serving constituents and, for all of Holtzman's hoopla, raising enough money to spend an entirely
rdt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
respectable $713,000 himself; the Democrat won with 71% of the vote.
Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
nt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
This was the first time an incumbent had won since Flood's last victory in 1978; the 1988
election, when Kanjorski was unopposed, was the second. In 1989, he took a seat on the Post
Results
Office and Civil Service Committee and immediately became chairman of the Human
eral
Joseph M. McDade (R)
140,096
(73%)
($430,322)
Resources Subcommittee. He continues to work on local issues, to change the formula to make
Robert C. Cordaro (D)
51,179
(27%)
($66,299)
sure Luzerne County gets homeless assistance and to keep the Pentagon buying lots of
Joseph M. McDade (R), unopposed
anthracite.
hary
:ral
Joseph M. McDade (R)
118,603
(75%)
($291,757)
Robert C. Bolus (D)
40,248
(25%)
($10,195)
NTH DISTRICT
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 505,300, dn. 2.0% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,729, up 2.7% 1970-80.
es east of the town square of Wilkes-Barre, the WPA Guide pointed out 50 years ago.
Households (1980): 74% family, 34% with children, 61% married couples; 29.0% housing units rented;
see over the mountainside "a pall of steam in rainy weather. Below the surface here
median monthly rent: $136; median house value: $30,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 388,822; 1% Black.
nine fire started in 1917"-the peak year of local anthracite production-"after a
mule driver had left his lamp hanging on a mine prop. Millions of tons of coal have
been consumed, and millions more will be destroyed before the fire encounters
and barriers set up to save adjoining mining properties. But many more millions will
or the coal veins of Luzerne County, of which Wilkes-Barre is the seat. are almost
ible and produce 40% of the world's hard coal." To this town, named by Revolutionary-
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
94,061
(52%)
:rs after two Englishmen who supported their cause, thousands of immigrants came in
Dukakis (D)
84,893
(47%)
Kep. Paul E. Kanjorski (D)
Elected 1984; b. April 2, 1937, Nanticoke; home, Nanticoke
Temple U., Dickinson U.; Roman Catholic; married (Nancy).
Career: Practicing atty., 1966-85; Nanticoke City Solicitor.
1969-81; Admin. Law Judge, 1971-80.
Offices: 424 CHOB 20515, 202-225-6511. Also 10 E. South St.,
Wilkes-Barre 18701, 717-825-2200.
Committees: Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (21st of 31 D).
Subcommittees: Economic Stabilization; Financial Institutions Su-
pervision, Regulation and Insurance; Housing and Community
Development; Policy Research and Insurance. Post Office and
Civil Service (13th of 15 D). Subcommittee: Human Resources
(Chairman).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
70
52
90
82
63
20
13
40
36
18
1987
80
-
87
64
-
4
-
I
13
6
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
79%
-
17%
73%
-
0%
Social
43%
-
55%
54%
-
45%
Foreign
60%
-
37%
60%
-
40%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Paul E. Kanjorski (D), unopposed
($310,305)
1988 primary
Paul E. Kanjorski (D), unopposed
1986 general
Paul E. Kanjorski (D)
112,405
(71%)
($713,740)
Marc Holtzman (R)
46,785
(29%)
($1,353,170)
TWELFTH DISTRICT
The mountains and hills of western Pennsylvania. eastern Ohio and northern West Virginia,
which encircle the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, form the largest industrial section of the
country without a major city. The urban focus here is Pittsburgh, though it may be 100 miles
away; the economy throughout has been based for years on steel and coal. Once upon a time, up
through the 1920s, this was one of the most Republican parts of America, and Republican
policies-the high tariff, discouragement of labor unions-were thought to have contributed
greatly to steel's growth. Now people in these parts seem to see the Democrats-with their
support for unions, for trade restrictions, perhaps for industrial policy-as the only possible
savior of steel; and the steel country has been one of the few parts of America where Republican
policies have grown more unpopular during the 1980s.
154
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1055
). Paul E. Kanjorski (D)
Much of the easternmost part of Pennsylvania's steel country, north of West Virginia and east
Elected 1984; b. April 2, 1937, Nanticoke; home, Nanticoke;
Putsburgh, forms Pennsylvania's 12th Congressional District. It consists of two distinct areas.
Temple U., Dickinson U.; Roman Catholic; married (Nancy).
The largest city in the first is Johnstown, a steel town known best for the disastrous flood which
Career: Practicing atty., 1966-85; Nanticoke City Solicitor,
curred on May 31, 1889, when a dam broke and a 75-foot wall of water half a mile wide swept
1969-81; Admin. Law Judge, 1971-80.
...rough the town killing more than 2200 people. The city had 67,000 people in 1920, 35,000 in
...) This area was first settled by Scots-Irish farmers when it was still the frontier in the 1790s;
Wilkes-Barre 18701, 717-825-2200.
Offices: 424 CHOB 20515, 202-225-6511. Also 10 E. South St.
the 19th century bituminous coal was discovered here, and immigrants from other parts of
Crope were attracted to work the mines and the blast furnaces. The other part of the district,
Committees: Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (21st of 31 D).
maining about half its population, is almost all of Westmoreland County, just east of
Subcommittees: Economic Stabilization; Financial Institutions Su-
pervision, Regulation and Insurance; Housing and Community
extsburgh's Allegheny County. Technically, this is a suburban county, which means that many
Development; Policy Research and Insurance. Post Office and
reaple commute to jobs in Allegheny. Nevertheless, Westmoreland is large-40 miles east to
Civil Service (13th of 15 D). Subcommittee: Human Resources
vest-and full of separate little industrial communities established on their own long before
(Chairman).
Patsburgh's influence reached out this far. Both parts of the district are Democratic in local and
engressional elections, and somewhat less reliably so in presidential contests. In the politics of
the 1980s. both are liberal on economic and conservative on cultural and foreign issues.
This 12th District is represented by John Murtha, the undisputed power broker of the
IP Ratings
Pennsylvania and steel country delegations, the chairman of the Defense Appropriations
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
Subcommittee, and the leading example, in a House full of Members air-expressing videotapes
70
52
90
82
63
20
13
40
36
18
nd faxing press releases to their districts, of a silent, behind-the-scenes power. Murtha is an old-
80
-
87
64
-
4
-
-
13
6
...shioned Democrat, with no prejudice against supporting big-government programs, but no
onal Journal Ratings
ibstract yearning to do so either; his decisions tend to depend on how it will help areas like the
2th District or on whether it is a quid that he can trade for someone else's quo. On foreign
1988 LIB 1988 CONS
1987 LIB 1987 CONS
omic
79%
-
17%
73%
-
0%
policy he is strongly hawkish, a supporter of major defense systems and of U.S. aid to the
il
43%
-
55%
54%
-
45%
Nicaraguan contras. His rare floor speeches are mostly on foreign policy and sometimes fervent:
gn
60%
-
37%
60%
-
40%
was a Marine veteran of the Korean era who reenlisted in his middle thirties to serve in
Victnam. and was the first Vietnam veteran to be elected to the House.
Votes
Murtha shuns publicity as almost no 1980s politician does, to the point of refusing to be
omeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
FOR
sterviewed by reporters writing a story on him; you will not find him at a fashionable gathering
ephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
any kind. He depends on fellow Members, not just national reporters, to transmit his
eficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
messages; his audience is the House Democratic Caucus, nothing wider, though he will work
11 Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
with Administration lobbyists from time to time; evidently he has enough pride in his own work
ion Results
"at to need the praise of others.
general
Paul E. Kanjorski (D), unopposed
In 1989 this anonymity-prizing member ascended to one of the most powerful, and ordinarily
($310,305)
primary
Paul E. Kanjorski (D), unopposed
me of the most obscure, power positions in the House the chair of the Defense Appropriations
general
Paul E. Kanjorski (D)
112.405
(71%)
($713,740)
Subcommittee. Murtha is not as liberal as Joseph Adabbo, Chairman until his death in April
Marc Holtzman (R)
46,785
(29%)
($1,353,170)
986. nor as enamored with high-powered weapons systems as pilot Bill Chappell, Chairman
until his defeat in November 1988. As a combat-minded Marine, Murtha focuses especially on
the condition of the enlisted man, insisting on maintaining benefits and pay for the rank and file
:11 the military. Pennsylvania has few big military installations or prominent defense contractors
ELFTH DISTRICT
for Murtha to protect, as Addabbo looked after aircraft plants in Long Island and Chappell
mountains and hills of western Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio and northern West Virginia,
contractors in Florida and others to whom he was linked; and the subcommittee has just a couple
1 encircle the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, form the largest industrial section of the
1 defense policy doves. So Murtha will have considerable leeway, within the limits of the
ry without a major city. The urban focus here is Pittsburgh, though it may be 100 miles
military budget, to advance the causes he believes in.
the economy throughout has been based for years on steel and coal. Once upon a time, up
He seems confident he can win reelection in the 12th District. He first won the district in a
gh the 1920s, this was one of the most Republican parts of America, and Republican
1974 special election to replace a Republican who had died, and he has not had serious
es-the high tariff, discouragement of labor unions-were thought to have contributed
Republican competition since; this has become a safe district as the steel country has trended
ly to steel's growth. Now people in these parts seem to see the Democrats-with their
Democratic. His one problem came in 1982. when he was placed in the same district with
)rt for unions, for trade restrictions, perhaps for industrial policy-as the only possible
likeminded Democrat Don Bailey, also a Vietnam veteran; Murtha won 52%-38%, mostly
of steel; and the steel country has been one of the few parts of America where Republican
because he had already represented most of the new district. Redistricting could conceivably be
es have grown more unpopular during the 1980s.
problem for the 1990s, except that it seems unlikely the Pennsylvania legislature would want to
jeopardize House. Murtha's seat. His prospects are for continued reelection and continued power in th
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 499,300, dn. 3.2% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515.915, up 4.7% 1970-8(
Households (1980): 78% family, 40% with children, 68% married couples; 24.9% housing units rented
median monthly rent: $153; median house value: $38,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 374,878; 1% Black
1988 Presidential Vote: Dukakis (D)
96,166
(52%)
Bush (R)
86,183
(47%)
Rep. John P. Murtha (D)
Elected Feb. 5, 1974; b. June 17, 1932, New Martinsville, WV;
home, Johnstown; U. of Pittsburgh, B.A. 1962, Indiana U. of PA;
Roman Catholic: married (Joyce).
Career: USMC, Vietnam; Owner, Johnstown Minute Car Wash;
PA House of Reps., 1969-74.
Offices: 2423 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2065. Also Vine and Wal-
nut Sts., 2d Fl., Center Town Mall, Johnstown 15907, 814-535-
2642; P.O. Bldg., 201 N. Center St., Somerset 15501, 814-445-
6041; and 206 N. Main St., Greensburg 15601, 412-832-3088.
Committees: Appropriations (12th of 35 D). Subcommittees:
Defense (Chairman); Interior; Legislative.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
1988
NSI
55
COC
70
CEI
86
64
38
46
2
1987
100
29
60
11
-
85
71
-
26
|
-
13
9
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
79%
I
17%
73%
I
Social
0%
52%
|
47%
60%
-
39%
Foreign
44%
-
56%
44%
-
56%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
John P. Murtha (D), unopposed
1988 primary
($401,945)
John P. Murtha (D), unopposed
1986 general
John P. Murtha (D)
97,135
(67%)
($272,436)
Kathy Holtzman (R)
46,937
(33%)
056
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1057
opardize Murtha's seat. His prospects are for continued reelection and continued power in the
ouse.
THIRTEENTH DISTRICT
most of the 20th century, the Main Line has been a synonym for lush, rich, snobby suburbia.
he People: Est. Pop. 1986: 499,300, dn. 3.2% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,915, up 4.7% 1970-80.
ouseholds (1980): 78% family, 40% with children, 68% married couples; 24.9% housing units rented;
the towns strung out along the Main Line of the old Pennsylvania Railroad today look better
edian monthly rent: $153; median house value: $38,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 374,878; 1% Black
ever. their vast comfortable houses are now coming back into fashion, and their huge
verhanging trees are as verdant as ever. On the Main Line and behind it, in suburbs like
988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis
(D)
96,166
(52%)
Hadwyne back toward the Schuylkill River, live most of greater Philadelphia's richest and most
Bush (R)
86,183
(47%)
"fluential people. The Main Line forms part, but only part, of the 13th Congressional District of
Pennsylvania: in fact, the Main Line past Bryn Mawr is outside the district, in the 7th and 5th,
ad the greatest growth is in outer Montgomery County. This is nonetheless the highest income
ep. John P. Murtha (D)
estriet in Pennsylvania and one of the most affluent in the nation. But it has its patches of
Elected Feb. 5, 1974; b. June 17, 1932, New Martinsville, WV;
nety. reflecting an old and varied history.
home, Johnstown; U. of Pittsburgh, B.A. 1962. Indiana U. of PA;
Out past the Main Line, for example, you come to the old Schuylkill factory towns of
Roman Catholic; married (Joyce).
onshohocken and Norristown and then to the shopping mall and high-rise office center at King
Career: USMC, Vietnam; Owner, Johnstown Minute Car Wash:
1 Prussia. just short of Valley Forge. On the eastern side of the 13th District are some of
PA House of Reps., 1969-74.
Philadelphia's more Jewish suburbs, just north of the city. Farther out in Montgomery County
Offices: 2423 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2065. Also Vine and Wat
10 small towns surrounded now by subdivisions where some of the residents are still members of
nut Sts., 2d Fl., Center Town Mall, Johnstown 15907, 814-535-
the old German sects which settled these rolling hills in the 18th century; among their members
2642; P.O. Bldg., 201- N. Center St., Somerset 15501, 814-445-
10 Richard Schweiker who was the 13th's congressman for eight years before he was elected to
6041; and 206 N. Main St., Greensburg 15601, 412-832-3088.
the Senate in 1968 and then served as Secretary of Health and Human Services in the first
Committees: Appropriations (12th of 35 D). Subcommittees:
Reagan term. The 13th also includes two wards in Philadelphia: the old Chestnut Hill
Defense (Chairman); Interior; Legislative.
neighborhood, a posh area with grass tennis courts, and funkier, more working-class Manayunk,
perched on the hills above the Schuylkill River.
The congressman from this district is Lawrence Coughlin, a Republican first elected in 1968,
Yale contemporary of George Bush and graduate of Harvard Business School who, with his
wer-present bowtie, looks the picture of comfortable Main Line chic. Coughlin is the fifth-
ag Republican on the Appropriations Committee, a supporter of mass transit spending
roup Ratings
generally and particularly in Philadelphia. Coughlin has also been a lead sponsor of amendments
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
988
55
70
86
64
38
46
2
100
29
11
prohibit testing the antisatellite weapons connected with the Reagan Administration's
60
85
71
26
-
-
13
9
Strategic Defense Initiative so long as the Russians don't test theirs. Coughlin is ranking
987
-
-
emerity member of the Select Committee on Narcotics and oversaw the Drug Abuse Act of
986. Overall, Coughlin's voting record can be described as conservative on economic issues and
lational Journal Ratings
caldly liberal on cultural and foreign issues-which probably matches opinion in the district
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
cretty well.
iconomic
79%
17%
73%
-
0%
-
oughlin had a couple of tough challenges in the 1980s from state legislator Joseph Hoeffel.
ocial
52%
47%
60%
-
39%
-
44%
56%
-
56%
In 1984. he caught Coughlin unaware and held him to 56% of the vote; in 1986, he ran again, in a
44%
oreign
-
smewhat less Republican year, but Coughlin was better prepared and won with 59%. Against
seak competition in 1988, Coughlin won 67%-probably more typical of what he can expect in
Key Votes
:.e future.
) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
AGN
) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 526,200, up 2.3% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 514,346, dn. 2.9% 1970-80.
11 ascholds (1980): 74% family, 34% with children, 62% married couples; 30.9% housing units rented:
ledian monthly rent: $269; median house value: $58,000. Voting age pop. (1980): 392,167; 6% Black,
llection Results
988 general
John P. Murtha (D), unopposed
($401,945)
Asian origin, 1% Spanish origin.
988 primary
John P. Murtha (D), unopposed
986 general
John P. Murtha (D)
97.135
(67%)
($272.436)
46.937
(337)
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
135.283
(56%)
Kathy Holtzman (R)
Dukakis (D).
104,266
(43%)
058
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1059
tep. Lawrence Coughlin (R)
arge deposits of coal nearby and ready access to iron ore from across the Great Lakes,
Elected 1968; b. Apr. 11, 1929. Wilkes-Barre: home. Plymouth
Puttsburgh firmly established itself by 1890 as the nation's leading steel producer.
Meeting; Yale U., A.B. 1950, Harvard U., M.B.A. 1954, Temple
Fifty years ago Pittsburgh was known for its steel-and its smoke. "The triangle formed by
U., LL.B. 1958; Episcopalian; married (Susan).
the rivers is packed with smoke-grimed buildings," wrote the WPA Guide. "From the
Career: USMC, Korea; Practicing atty., 1958-69; PA House of
mufacturing establishments come clouds of devastating smoke that unite with the river fog to
Reps., 1965-67; PA Senate, 1967-69.
rm Pittsburgh's traditional nuisance, 'smog.' Except for the Golden Triangle and a few
Offices: 2309 RHOB 20515, 202-225-6111. Also 2 Stony Creek
utlying sections, the city stretches its length and breadth over hills. Dwellings on the South Side
Ofc. Ctr., 151 W. Marshall St., Norristown 19401. 215-277-4040;
nd East End heights look down upon mill stacks and skyscrapers. Streams of traffic pour
and 4390 Main St., Philadelphia 19127, 215-482-3672.
through tunnels, over numerous bridges and along highways skirting cliffs." Today Pittsburgh's
Committees: Appropriations (5th of 22 R). Subcommittees:
:: is clear. long since cleaned up by a city government-business-labor partnership. And
Transportation (Ranking Member); VA, HUD and Independent
nereasingly, it wants to be known not as the steel city, but as a major white-collar center, a city
Agencies. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control
most of whose jobs are in services, government, research and development; a city whose future is
(Ranking Member of 12 R).
begged not to a declining industry, but to rising businesses, and as a center for research on
boties. for health care and for computer programming. It has good air service, now that it has
ecome the main hub for USAir. It is even, people are discovering, a pleasant place to live: in
985. Rand McNally even named it the best place to live in the country.
oup Ratings
The 14th Congressional District of Pennsylvania includes all of the city of Pittsburgh plus a
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
you adjacent suburbs. It takes in most of the Pittsburgh area's landmarks: the Golden Triangle;
18
50
59
37
64
69
48
52
60
79
43
the University of Pittsburgh and its skyscraper campus; Carnegie-Mellon University, a center of
:7
36
-
36
50
-
52
-
-
60
47
artificial intelligence research. Not that many of the Pittsburgh area's steel mills lay in the 14th,
tional Journal Ratings
but some present and former steelworkers do live here, mostly in ethnic neighborhoods nestled in
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
the Pittsburgh hills. But the 14th also includes some of the metropolitan area's higher income
1988 LIB - - 1988 CONS
nomic
30%
-
69%
31%
-
68%
neighborhoods, at a time when they seem to have new vitality: Shadyside, with newly renovated
ial
46%
54%
45%
-
54%
shops near some of Pittsburgh's old mansions, and the predominantly Jewish Squirrel Hill.
-
eign
46%
-
53%
45%
-
55%
About 24% of Pittsburgh's residents are black, a smaller figure than in most industrial cities
because employment opportunities here peaked before the big wave of black migration from the
Votes
South. Before the 1930s, in the heyday of Henry Clay Frick and Andrew Mellon, Pittsburgh was
lomeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
solidly Republican town. Since the New Deal, the 14th District has been solidly Democratic,
iephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
mevery election-and even more strongly in the 1980s.
eficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
The congressman from the 14th District, first elected in 1980, is William Coyne. He was an
ill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
illy of the late Pittsburgh Mayor Richard Caliguiri on the city council, and demonstrated a
tion Results
strong base by beating the son of his predecessor, William Moorhead, in the 1980 Democratic
general
Lawrence Coughlin (R)
152,191
(67%)
($225,412)
primary by a 65%-35% margin. After the 1984 election, in a campaign managed by the 12th
Bernard Tomkin (D)
76,424
(33%)
($60,672)
District's Jack Murtha, he won a seat on the Ways and Means Committee, just in time to look
primary
Lawrence Coughlin (R), unopposed
ilter the needs of the steel industry. Legislatively, Coyne has come up with bills to target
general
Lawrence Coughlin (R)
100,701
(59%)
($702,834)
revenue sharing and low-interest loans for infrastructure to places with high unemployment or
Joseph M. Hoeffel (D)
71,381
(41%)
($455,101)
business failure rates, and he would require a community impact statement for mergers and
would have the FTC deny interest deductibility for those which cost too many jobs in its
udgment. He is reelected without difficulty, beating by wide margins in both 1986 and 1988,
Richard Caligiuri, a distant cousin of the late mayor.
JRTEENTH DISTRICT
burgh. the center of America's steel industry for more than 100 years, was a strategic site
before that: it was toward Fort Duquesne, where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 474,700, dn. 8.1% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516,629. dn. 17.6% 1970-80.
0 form the Ohio, that Braddock's army was headed (with George Washington helping to
Households (1980): 63% family, 28% with children, 45% married couples; 47.7% housing units rented;
he way) when it was ambushed and defeated in 1754. Not so many years later. trees were
median monthly rent: $174; median house value: $32,500. Voting age pop. (1980): 405,532; 19% Black,
and a city was carved out of the wilderness here and named after the English statesman
Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin.
-the first urban center in the American interior. Pittsburgh grew rapidly in those days when
of the nation's commerce moved over water: when traffic switched to railroads. Pittsburgh
lid nicely, since they had to run at riverside rather than scale the mountains. Soon
1988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis (D)
140,594
(72%)
urgh became the leading producer of one commodity the railroads needed. steel. With
Bush (R)
51,387
(26%)
EVANA
Rep. Lawrence Coughlin (R)
Elected 1968; b. Apr. 11, 1929, Wilkes-Barre; home, Plymouth
Meeting; Yale U., A.B. 1950, Harvard U., M.B.A. 1954, Temple
U., LL.B. 1958; Episcopalian; married (Susan).
Career: USMC, Korea; Practicing atty., 1958-69; PA House of
Reps., 1965-67; PA Senate, 1967-69.
Offices: 2309 RHOB 20515, 202-225-6111. Also 2 Stony Creek
Ofc. Ctr., 151 W. Marshall St., Norristown 19401, 215-277-4040;
and 4390 Main St., Philadelphia 19127, 215-482-3672.
Committees: Appropriations (5th of 22 R). Subcommittees:
Transportation (Ranking Member); VA, HUD and Independent
Agencies. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control
(Ranking Member of 12 R).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
50
59
37
64
69
48
52
60
79
43
1987
36
-
36
50
-
52
-
-
60
47
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
30%
I
69%
31%
I
68%
Social
46%
I
54%
45%
-
54%
Foreign
46%
I
53%
45%
-
55%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Lawrence Coughlin (R)
152,191
(67%)
($225,412)
Bernard Tomkin (D)
76,424
(33%)
($60,672)
1988 primary
Lawrence Coughlin (R), unopposed
1986 general
Lawrence Coughlin (R)
100,701
(59%)
($702,834)
Joseph M. Hoeffel (D)
71,381
(41%)
($455,101)
FOURTEENTH DISTRICT
Pittsburgh, the center of America's steel industry for more than 100 years, was a strategic site
long before that: it was toward Fort Duquesne, where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers
join to form the Ohio, that Braddock's army was headed (with George Washington helping to
lead the way) when it was ambushed and defeated in 1754. Not so many years later, trees were
felled and a city was carved out of the wilderness here and named after the English statesman
Pitt-the first urban center in the American interior. Pittsburgh grew rapidly in those days when
most of the nation's commerce moved over water; when traffic switched to railroads, Pittsburgh
also did nicely, since they had to run at riverside rather than scale the mountains. Soon
Pittsburgh became the leading producer of one commodity the railroads needed, steel. With
Rep. William J. Coyne (D)
Elected 1980; b. Aug. 24, 1936, Pittsburgh; home, Pittsbur
Robert Morris Col., B.S. 1965; Roman Catholic; single.
Career: Army, Korea; Corporate accountant; PA House of Re₁
1971-72; Pittsburgh City Cncl., 1974-80.
Offices: 2455 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2301. Also 2009 Fed. Bld
1000 Liberty Ave., Pittsburgh 15222, 412-644-2870.
Committees: Ways and Means (20th of 23 D). Subcommitte
Health; Human Resources.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
1988
COC
95
91
96
73
CEI
88
0
5
0
31
1987
96
-
96
86
9
-
0
-
-
7
8
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
87%
-
8%
73%
-
0%
Social
86%
I
0%
78%
-
0%
Foreign
79%
I
21%
81%
I
0%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
3) Deficit Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
William J. Coyne (D)
135,181
(79%)
($80,730
Richard E. Caligiuri (R)
36,719
(21%)
1988 primary
William J. Coyne (D), unopposed
1986 general
William J. Coyne (D)
104,726
(90%)
($60,903)
Richard E. Caligiuri (LIB)
6,058
(5%)
Mark Weddleton (SW)
3,120
(3%)
FIFTEENTH DISTRICT
Tucked in among the rolling hills of eastern Pennsylvania, little known to the rest of America, is
the Lehigh Valley, long one of America's original heavy industrial areas, now apparently on its
way to becoming something else. Much of the Valley was settled by Pennsylvania Dutch
notably the Moravian sect who founded Bethlehem in 1741 (they are the same people whc
started the Salem of Winston-Salem, North Carolina); a farm area in the early 1800s, its
dependable labor force and its location on a river emptying into the Delaware made it a natural
location for early industries. As recently as the early 1980s, the Lehigh Valley was the source of
some of America's best-known products: Easton produced Crayola crayons and Dixie cups.
Elected 1980; b. Aug. 24, 1936,
number two steelmaker, Bethlehem Steel. By early 1987, the Valley was still producing crayons
Robert Morris Col., B.S. 1965;
of cups. but Mack Truck had moved one plant to Winnsboro, South Carolina. Meanwhile,
Career: Army, Korea: Corporate accountant; PA House of Reps,
Bethlehem's furnaces were mostly cold and the company for several years tottered on the brink
1971-72; Pittsburgh City Cncl., 1974-80.
bankruptcy.
Offices: 2455 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2301. Also 2009 Fed. Bldg,
Yet the Lehigh Valley does not seem to be sinking into permanent decrepitude. It retains
1000 Liberty Ave., Pittsburgh 15222, 412-644-2870.
aportant appliance factories, cement operations and a big AT&T facility in Allentown. The
impletion of Interstate 78 across New Jersey means that the Lehigh Valley is just one and a
Committees: Ways and Means (20th of 23 D). Subcommittees:
Health; Human Resources.
.!II hours straight west from New York City. Its lower cost of living is attracting new residents,
its low wage costs have inspired insurance companies to move some of their office jobs here.
16" office buildings and shopping centers are springing up. Together with a small portion of an
diacent rural county, the Lehigh Valley forms Pennsylvania's 15th Congressional District.
Once solidly Democratic, it has elected a Republican congressman for a decade and voted in
988 for George Bush over Michael Dukakis.
That political change and the evident economic growth here are both vindications of the
political views of the 15th District's unusual congressman, Republican Don Ritter. He is unusual
Group Ratings
'I Congress because he is an engineer, and because he spent a year in the Soviet Union and
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
speaks Russian. He is unusual for Pennsylvania industrial districts because he is a devotee of
1988
95
91
96
73
88
0
5
0
31
9
Free-market economics, with little interest in wooing union leaders or suburban liberals. He is
1987
96
-
96
86
-
0
-
-
7
8
unusual among market-oriented conservative Republicans, because he seems to have a flair for
National Journal Ratings
polities which has translated consistently into winning margins in this district. Ritter does fall
away from the free-market crowd on trade issues. But otherwise he has preached the gospel that
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
free enterprise will provide jobs and economic growth better than government can, and he and
Economic
87%
-
8%
73%
-
0%
Social
86%
his constituents have seen it happen, evidently, in the Lehigh Valley.
-
0%
78%
-
0%
Foreign
79%
-
21%
81%
-
0%
Ritter serves on the Energy and Commerce Committee, perhaps the single most important
committee when it comes to government regulation of business. In general, he supports
Key Votes
deregulation and relaxation of rigid government regulations, as on clean air. He is on the
) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
Science. Space and Technology Committee and is ranking Republican on the Investigations and
!) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
Oversight Subcommittee. His record on cultural and foreign issues, as well as economics, is
) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
solidly conservative. He is an especially strong-and well-informed-critic of Soviet internal
.) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $.
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
repression. He is proud of having gotten the Lehigh & Delaware Canals declared a National
Election Results
Heritage Corridor, and he is co-chair of the High Definition Television Task Force. He is
interested in helping the families of victims who died in the December 1988 bombing of Pan Am
988 general
William J. Coyne (D)
135,181
(79%)
($80,730)
Richard E. Caligiuri (R)
36,719
(21%)
llight 103, and would like to see a joint congressional investigation.
988 primary
William J. Coyne (D), unopposed
Ritter has perhaps been fortunate in his opposition. He won the seat in 1978 by upsetting
986 general
William J. Coyne (D)
104,726
(90%)
($60,903)
Democrat Fred Rooney, who had not been spending much time in the district; Ritter's family
Richard E. Caligiuri (LIB)
6,058
(5%)
still lives there, and he returns every weekend. In 1980 Ritter beat 65-year-old state Senator
Mark Weddleton (SW)
3,120
(3%)
Jeanette Reibman; in 1988 he defeated Reibman's son by the same 57%-43% margin by which
he won in 1986. Some incumbents would regard that as uncomfortably close; Ritter, with his
sense of where the economy is going nationally and in the Lehigh Valley, probably regards it as
satisfactory.
IFTEENTH DISTRICT
ucked in among the rolling hills of eastern Pennsylvania, little known to the rest of America, is
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 537,900. up 4.4% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515.259, up 7.7% 1970-80.
he Lehigh Valley, long one of America's original heavy industrial areas. now apparently on its
Households (1980): 75% family, 37% with children, 64% married couples; 28.8% housing units rented:
ay to becoming something else. Much of the Valley was settled by Pennsylvania Dutch,
median monthly rent: $189; median house value: $44,600. Voting age pop. (1980): 385,814; 2% Spanish
otably the Moravian sect who founded Bethlehem in 1741 (they are the same people who
origin. 1% Black.
arted the Salem of Winston-Salem, North Carolina); a farm area in the early 1800s, its
ependable labor force and its location on a river emptying into the Delaware made it a natural
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
103,803
(55%)
cation for early industries. As recently as the early 1980s, the Lehigh Valley was the source of
Dukakis (D)
84,625
(44%)
ome of America's best-known products: Easton produced Crayola crayons and Dixie cups,
Elected 1978; b. Oct. 21, 1940, New York, NY; home,
Coopersburg; Lehigh U., B.S. 1961, M.I.T., M.S. 1963, Sc.D.
1966; Unitarian; married (Edith).
Career: Scientific Exchange Fellow, Moscow, USSR, 1967-68;
Asst. Prof., CA St. Poly. U., 1968-69; Prof., Asst. to Vice Pres. for
Research, 1976-79. Lehigh U., 1969-76; Mgr., Res. Devel. Prog., Lehigh U.,
Offices: 2447 RHOB 20515, 202-225-6411. Also 2 Bethlehem
Plaza, Ste. 300, Bethlehem 18018, 215-866-0916; 1444 Hamilton
St., Hotel Traylor, Ste. 206, Allentown 18102, 215-439-8861; and
Alpha Bldg., Rm. 705, Easton 18042, 215-258-8383.
Committees: Energy and Commerce (8th of 17 R). Subcommit-
tees: Commerce, Consumer Protection and Competitiveness (Rank-
ing Member); Telecommunications and Finance. Science, Space
Oversight (Ranking Member); Science, Research and Technology.
and Technology (6th of 19 R). Subcommittees: Investigations and
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
1988
10
27
CEI
37
55
31
84
66
100
77
1987
20
54
-
34
29
-
64
-
-
73
62
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
35%
-
64%
31%
-
68%
Social
17%
-
83%
27%
-
72%
Foreign
16%
-
78%
0%
-
80%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R)
106,951
(57%)
($752,332)
Ed Reibman (D)
79,127
(43%)
($355,016)
1988 primary
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R), unopposed
1986 general
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R)
74,829
(57%)
($440,370)
Joe Simonetta (D)
56,972
(43%)
($51,639)
SIXTEENTH DISTRICT
One part of America that has not changed much in half a century is where the Plain People live
in Pennsylvania Dutch country. Tourists-more of them these days-can still see Amish
families clad in black, clattering over the back roads in horse-drawn carriages, scrupulously
tended farms set amid rolling hills, barns decorated with hex signs. The Pennsylvania Dutch are
actually German in origin ("Dutch" comes from Deutsch), descended from members of Amish,
Mennonite and other pietistic sects who left the principalities of 18th-century Germany for the
religious freedom of the Quaker-dominated colony of Pennsylvania. The Quakers were happy to
welcome the Germans, but not so eager to have them in Philadelphia. So they were sent to
Elected 1978; b. Oct. 21, 1940, New York, NY; home,
Germantown, a few miles away, until they could move out to what was then the frontier, where
Coopersburg; Lehigh U., B.S. 1961, M.I.T., M.S. 1963, Sc.D.
1966; Unitarian; married (Edith).
they could protect the pacifist Quakers against the Indians. Thus the Dutch came to the rolling
green hills of the part of Pennsylvania centered on Lancaster County. The land was naturally
Career: Scientific Exchange Fellow, Moscow, USSR, 1967-68;
fertile. and careful cultivation by the Dutch increased its productivity. Today the small farms in
Asst. Prof., CA St. Poly. U., 1968-69; Prof., Asst. to Vice Pres. for
Lancaster County continue to produce some of the highest per-acre yields on earth.
Research, Lehigh U., 1969-76; Mgr., Res. Devel. Prog., Lehigh U.,
There is no sign in the Pennsylvania Dutch country of the farm crises you hear about on the
1976-79.
Great Plains. Farms here are small, equipment simple, chemical fertilizer use very limited,
Offices: 2447 RHOB 20515, 202-225-6411. Also 2 Bethlehem
cultivation intensive, with all the children in the usually large Amish families pitching in. The
Plaza, Ste. 300, Bethlehem 18018, 215-866-0916; 1444 Hamilton
commercial ethos of farming on the prairies and Great Plains has always been tempered here by
St., Hotel Traylor, Ste. 206, Allentown 18102, 215-439-8861; and
communal values and family responsibility. In the Sun Belt and on the Great Plains, Americans
Alpha Bldg., Rm. 705, Easton 18042, 215-258-8383.
seek the reassurance of cultural continuity in the midst of the economic change inevitably
Committees: Energy and Commerce (8th of 17 R). Subcommit-
produced by market capitalism. In the Pennsylvania Dutch country, cultural continuity is a fact
tees: Commerce, Consumer Protection and Competitiveness (Rank-
and helps to sustain what other Americans might regard as an unduly modest standard of living.
ing Member); Telecommunications and Finance. Science, Space
and Technology (6th of 19 R). Subcommittees: Investigations and
Most of the Pennsylvania Dutch, it should be added, are not plain people. But the heritage is
important: most people here are of German descent and have a strong work ethic. Small
ht (Ranking Member); Science, Research and Technology.
industries have settled in the Lancaster area because of the skills and work habits of the labor
latings
force. and agriculture continues to be important economically. The brick townhouses of
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
Mancaster, like the frame farmhouses of the Amish, are sparklingly well kept and seem little
10
27
37
55
31
84
66
100
77
54
different from what they must have looked like 50 years ago.
20
-
34
29
-
64
-
-
73
62
The 16th Congressional District of Pennsylvania includes almost all of Lancaster County,
mostly Dutch Lebanon County to the north and part of Chester County to the east. Of all eastern
Journal Ratings
congressional districts, it consistently casts the highest Republican percentages in presidential
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB 1987 CONS
elections. For years the Pennsylvania Dutch area was represented by Republican congressmen
c
35%
-
64%
31%
-
68%
who were as languid in their demeanor as they were conservative on substantive issues.
17%
-
-
83%
27%
72%
The current incumbent, Robert Walker, is different. He is fully as conservative as any
16%
-
78%
0%
-
80%
Republican-and eager to proclaim himself so. He is one of the leaders of the group of young
Republicans who took advantage of the "special orders" procedure, which allows speechmaking
S
after the legislative business of the day is completed, to present on the C-SPAN cable network-
less $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
rdt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
which broadcasts congressional proceedings-extensive denunciations of all things Demo-
Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
cratic-and he was the one caught at the podium, gesturing and asking rhetorical questions,
nt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
when Speaker Tip O'Neill ordered the C-SPAN cameras to show that the Republicans were
peaking to an empty House. But Walker and his allies have surely had the last laugh. They have
Results
found a forum in which to attract attention for their cases, substantive and procedural, against
eral
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R)
106,951
(57%)
($752,332)
the Democrats, and they have goaded the majority into acting in an overbearing manner that
Ed Reibman (D)
79,127
(43%)
($355,016)
suggests they are abridging the minority's rights. And they have moved their Republican
ary
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R), unopposed
colleagues to challenge the Democratic majority more aggressively, on issues and procedure in
ral
Donald L. (Don) Ritter (R)
74,829
(57%)
($440,370)
the House and in elections back home-as symbolized by the election of Walker's ally Newt
Joe Simonetta (D)
56,972
(43%)
($51,639)
Gingrich as House Republican whip, and his own appointment as chief deputy whip, in March
1989.
Walker has another forum these days: he is ranking Republican on the Science, Space and
Technology Committee. Under Chairman Robert Roe this is not a terribly partisan body, and
NTH DISTRICT
Walker has distinguished himself by pushing for an expanded space program and, with Bill
of America that has not changed much in half a century is where the Plain People live
Nelson who represents Cape Canaveral, he resuscitated the National Space Council over
Ivania Dutch country. Tourists-more of them these days-can still see Amish
Administration opposition headed by the Vice President. Walker also prides himself as the
lad in black, clattering over the back roads in horse-drawn carriages. scrupulously
House Member who has offered the most successful floor amendments in the 99th and 100th
ms set amid rolling hills, barns decorated with hex signs. The Pennsylvania Dutch are
Congress; 38 of the 63 he proposed were adopted. The most famous-or notorious-of these is
erman in origin ("Dutch" comes from Deutsch), descended from members of Amish.
his "Drug-free Workplace" amendment, offered when Members were desperate to be seen doing
and other pietistic sects who left the principalities of 18th-century Germany for the
something to fight drugs. Opponents ridiculed Walker's proposal. arguing that it is impossible
teedom of the Quaker-dominated colony of Pennsylvania. The Quakers were happy to
for the government to police the workplaces of every contractor and that it would be onerous and
amendments precautions and against its wishes, used drugs on the job. This led to employe all
despite often harmful its to the government to cancel the contract of an employer one of whose
cheap shot, they voted for it.
to the amendment. But even if most Members thought Walker's amendment sorts wa:
with intellectual adventurousness of Gingrich or the oratorical virtuosity of Michel. He
Few the people would have predicted such an influential career for Walker, who is gifted neith
than however, reflexive: a hard he worker, a plugger, a believer and one whose views are thought through
Walker's Republican allies represent marginal or iffy districts, or have run for statewide
Walker's in late 1984 and early 1985, organized a letter of protest to its government. Many Sou
Africa was one of those conservatives who, for example, rather than defending rath
gubernatorial ambition in his eye.
seat is safe as safe can be, and no one has noted yet the glint of senatorial offic (
median (1980): 77% family, 41% with children, 67% married couples; 30.4% housing units
The Households People: Est. Pop. 1986: 550,700, up 7.0% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 514,585, up 12.9% 1970-81
2% monthly rent: $179; median house value: $46,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 369,823; 2% rented Black
Spanish origin.
1988 Presidential Vote: Bush (R)
132,402
Dukakis (D)
(69%)
57,214
(30%)
Rep. Robert S. Walker (R)
Elected 1976; b. Dec. 23, 1942, Bradford; home, East Petersburg:
Millersville U., B.S. 1964, U. of DE, M.A. 1968; Presbyterian:
married (Sue).
Career: Teacher, 1964-67; A. A. to U.S. Rep. Edwin D.
Eshleman, 1967-77.
Offices: 2445 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2411. Also Lancaster Cnty.
Crthse., 50 N. Duke St., Lancaster 17603, 717-393-0666; 307
Municipal Bldg., 400 S. 8th St., Lebanon 17402, 717-274-1641;
and P.O. Box 69, Cochranville 19330, 215-593-2155.
Committees: Science, Space and Technology (Ranking Member
of 19 R).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
1988
NSI
5
COC
CEI
13
14
27
50
100
89
1987
100
93
4
86
-
15
7
|
96
-
-
87
88
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
0%
I
93%
0%
|
Social
89%
13%
-
84%
10%
|
85%
Foreign
0%
-
84%
0%
I
80%
1 harmful to the government to cancel the contract of an employer one of whose employees,
her
Votes
ite its precautions and against its wishes, used drugs on the job. This led to all sorts of
Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
idments to the amendment. But even if most Members thought Walker's amendment was a
Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
P shot, they voted for it.
Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
W people would have predicted such an influential career for Walker, who is gifted neither
:1 kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
the intellectual adventurousness of Gingrich or the oratorical virtuosity of Michel. He is,
ver, a hard worker, a plugger, a believer and one whose views are thought through rather
Election Results
reflexive: he was one of those conservatives who, for example. rather than defending South
148 general
Robert S. Walker (R)
136,944
(74%)
($91,950)
a in late 1984 and early 1985, organized a letter of protest to its government. Many of
Ernest E. Guyll (D)
48,169
(26%)
er's Republican allies represent marginal or iffy districts, or have run for statewide office.
AS primary
Robert S. Walker (R), unopposed
er's seat is safe as safe can be, and no one has noted yet the glint of senatorial or
N6 general
Robert S. Walker (R)
100,784
(75%)
($75,730)
natorial ambition in his eye.
James D. Hagelgans (D)
34,399
(25%)
'eople: Est. Pop. 1986: 550,700, up 7.0% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 514,585, up 12.9% 1970-80.
holds (1980): 77% family, 41% with children. 67% married couples; 30.4% housing units rented;
SEVENTEENTH DISTRICT
n monthly rent: $179; median house value: $46,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 369,823; 2% Black.
anish origin.
The Susquehanna is one of America's largest, and yet most obscure rivers-the longest river in
"IC East. if you include the Chesapeake Bay, which is really the flooded lower Susquehanna
Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
132,402
(69%)
alley. The Susquehanna is the one river strong enough to break through the mountain chains
Dukakis (D)
57,214
(30%)
hat run, like rugged corduroy, through central Pennsylvania. But few songs are written to
elebrate the Susquehanna, it occupies nothing like the place of the Hudson or even the
Schuylkill in our art, it has not given a name to a fever (Potomac), a school of painting (Hudson)
Robert S. Walker (R)
r economics (Charles), or to a state (Ohio, Mississippi, Alabama, Missouri, Colorado).
The 17th Congressional District of Pennsylvania is a string of counties along the Susquehanna
Elected 1976; b. Dec. 23, 1942, Bradford; home, East Petersburg:
Millersville U., B.S: 1964, U. of DE, M.A. 1968; Presbyterian:
River. from Harrisburg in the south to Williamsport, up almost to the New York state border in
married (Sue).
the north. Cut diagonally by dozens of mountain ridges, the 17th includes several very different
reas. About half its population is in and around the state capital of Harrisburg, an old city with
Career: Teacher, 1964-67; A. A. to U.S. Rep. Edwin D.
declining population and a large black community, not far upstream from the Three Mile
Eshleman, 1967-77.
Nand nuclear plant. Several hours' drive north is Williamsport, a small manufacturing town
Offices: 2445 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2411. Also Lancaster Cnty.
hat hosts the Little League World Series and has been the home for years of Grit, the world's
Crthse., 50 N. Duke St., Lancaster 17603, 717-393-0666; 307
argest family weekly newspaper. In the middle of the district, on the east shore of the
Municipal Bldg., 400 S. 8th St., Lebanon 17402, 717-274-1641;
Susquehanna, is Northumberland County, a onetime anthracite mining area. On the west shore
and P.O. Box 69, Cochranville 19330, 215-593-2155.
.re three counties reaching inland between the mountain chains, containing small manufactur-
Committees: Science, Space and Technology (Ranking Member
ng tirms and such diverse institutions as Bucknell University and the cushiest of federal
of 19 R).
penitentiaries, Allenwood.
In most elections, this is a solidly Republican district. Harrisburg seems to retain, from the
\(i() 1930 era of Republican dominance in Pennsylvania, a Republican preference that
survives all ethnic and racial change; Williamsport is quintessential Republican country.
Northumberland is sometimes Democratic, but the west shore counties are among the most
tatings
Republican in the nation; two of the three went for Barry Goldwater in 1964. The district did
elect a Democratic congressman, Allan Ertel, in 1976, 1978 and 1980; he went on to close
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
5
13
27
50
100
89
100
93
86
defeats in the 1982 race for governor and 1984 race for attorney general.
14
+
-
15
7
-
96
-
-
87
88
The congressman now is Republican George Gekas, former state senator from Harrisburg
who helped to design the district boundaries and, when Ertel ran for governor, won the primary
with 60% and the general election with 58%. Gekas specialized in crime legislation as a member
Journal Ratings
the Pennsylvania legislature, and is proud of sponsoring the state's mandatory sentencing and
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
child abuse laws. In the House he is ranking Republican on the Judiciary Subcommittee on
0%
-
93%
0%
-
89%
( riminal Justice, where he has led the governments impeachment proceedings against U.S.
13%
-
84%
10%
-
85%
District Judge Alcee L. Hastings. Since his second term, Gekas has been heavily involved in the
0%
-
84%
0%
-
80%
entidrug package, and he called for the death penalty against those who commit murder in the
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 525,700, up 1.9% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,900. up 7.2% 1970-80.
Households (1980): 74% family, 38% with children, 62% married couples; 31.4% housing units rented;
median monthly rent: $164; median house value: $37,800. Voting age pop. (1980): 376,440; 6% Black,
1% Spanish origin.
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush
(R)
112,911
(63%)
Dukakis (D)
64,505
(36%)
Rep. George W. Gekas (R)
Elected 1982; b. April 14, 1930, Harrisburg; home, Harrisburg;
Dickinson Col., B.A. 1952, Dickinson Law Sch., J.D. 1958; Greek
Orthodox; married (Evangeline).
Career: Asst. Dist. Atty., Dauphin Cnty., 1960-66; PA House of
Reps., 1967-75; PA Senate, 1977-83.
Offices: 1519 LHOB 20515, 202-225-4315. Also I Riverside Ofc.
Ctr., Ste. 301, 2101 N. Front St., Harrisburg 17110, 717-232-5123:
Herman Schneebeli Fed. Bldg., P.O. Box 606, Williamsport 17703.
717-327-8161; and R.D. 5, Box 198, Ste. L, Selinsgrove 17870, 717-
743-1575.
Committees: Judiciary (6th of 14 R). Subcommittees: Crime:
Criminal Justice (Ranking Member).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
10
26
20
27
50
92
76
100
93
76
1987
8
-
19
36
I
83
I
-
87
66
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
0%
-
93%
0%
-
89%
Social
13%
-
84%
30%
-
69%
Foreign
16%
I
78%
0%
-
80%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
111
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
George W. Gekas (R)
166,289
(100%)
($97,611)
1988 primary
George W. Gekas (R), unopposed
1986 general
George W. Gekas (R)
101,027
(74%)
($90,963)
Michael S. Ogden (D)
36,157
(26%)
($3,335)
"NI
66
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1067
se of a drug felony. His brand of politics seems very popular along the Susquehanna, and he
been reelected twice by overwhelming margins.
EIGHTEENTH DISTRICT
People: Est. Pop. 1986: 525,700, up 1.9% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 515,900, up 7.2% 1970-80.
Surrounding Pittsburgh like a thick but irregularly shaped doughnut with one bite taken out of it
eholds (1980): 74% family, 38% with children, 62% married couples; 31.4% housing units rented;
the 18th Congressional District of Pennsylvania. The Republican legislature packed into this
an monthly rent: $164; median house value: $37,800. Voting age pop. (1980): 376,440; 6% Black,
agle seat just about all the strong Republican suburbs it could find, and connected them using
panish origin.
few Democratic areas as possible. So within the 18th you will find the residences of most of
112,911
tisburgh's elite, in leafy, secluded suburbs like Fox Chapel and Sewickley. The district also
Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
(63%)
Dukakis (D)
64.505
(36%)
:ciudes solid high income, but not elite, suburbs like Mount Lebanon and Upper St. Clair
wnship. south of the Golden Triangle. But when you go down to the flood plain or over the
hill from these places, you run into much more modest suburban territory, from pleasant
George W. Gekas (R)
450s tract housing to gritty little factory towns built in a hurry 80 or 100 years ago.
Elected 1982: b. April 14, 1930, Harrisburg; home, Harrisburg:
This makes the 18th District a mixed bag politically-the most Republican constituency
Dickinson Col., B.A. 1952, Dickinson Law Sch., J.D. 1958; Greek
nossible in metropolitan Pittsburgh, but still not Republican by any margin in most races. It
Orthodox; married (Evangeline).
ected John Heinz to Congress in 1972 and 1974, but when he ran for the Senate in 1976, the
Career: Asst. Dist. Atty., Dauphin Cnty., 1960-66; PA House of
<:h elected Democrat Doug Walgren and has reelected him ever since. Walgren has had some
Reps., 1967-75; PA Senate, 1977-83.
.ck: he had weak opponents in his first election and in the 1980 and 1984 presidential years.
Offices: 1519 LHOB 20515, 202-225-4315. Also I Riverside Ofc.
Walgren is blessed with committee assignments which did not look interesting when he got
Ctr., Ste. 301, 2101 N. Front St., Harrisburg 17110, 717-232-5123;
them. but do now. He has a seat on the Science, Space and Technology Committee and chairs a
Herman Schneebeli Fed. Bldg., P.O. Box 606, Williamsport 17703,
abcommittee on Science, Research and Technology at just the time when voters want more and
717-327-8161; and R.D. 5, Box 198, Ste. L, Selinsgrove 17870, 717-
better research-and nowhere more so than in the Pittsburgh area, where Walgren can argue
743-1575.
that he has bills to spur steel technology, make Pittsburgh the nation's supercomputer center,
Committees: Judiciary (6th of 14 R). Subcommittees: Crime;
evest in clean coal technology, and promote cogeneration from coal. He has increased funding
Criminal Justice (Ranking Member).
the National Science Foundation and sponsored a Computer Security Act to protect
information in civilian computer databases. He has pushed to give inventors more patent rights
ad to have Japanese technical literature translated. He also sits on the Energy and Commerce
ommittee-the most sought-after committee assignment in the 1980s, because it covers so
Ratings
much federal regulatory law. On this body he has been less active. Walgren is a bit out of place
the Pennsylvania delegation, a bit less liberal on economics and more so on non-economic
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
10
26
20
27
50
92
76
100
93
76
sales than most of his colleagues; he voted for Gramm-Rudman, supported John Glenn for
8
19
36
83
87
66
President in 1984 and was the only Pennsylvanian not to back the measure that allowed William
-
-
-
-
Gray to win the Budget chairmanship.
Walgren's visibility on the technology issues increased greatly in the middle 1980's, just in
al Journal Ratings
came for the 1986 election, in which he faced a well-financed challenge from businessman Ernie
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Buckman. With this new record he could point to, and a voting record well-tailored to the most
nic
0%
93%
0%
---
89%
-
13%
-
84%
30%
-
69%
illuent part of the steel belt, Walgren won reelection with 63% of the vote. He got the same
1
16%
78%
0%
80%
in 1988. as he once again drew weak opposition in the presidential year.
-
-
ites
neless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
hardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 503,100, dn. 2.5% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516,050, dn. 0.8% 1970-80.
cit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Households (1980): 78% family, 38% with children, 68% married couples; 24.2% housing units rented:
redian monthly rent: S237; median house value: $57,300. Voting age pop. (1980): 382,408; 2% Black,
Asian origin.
1 Results
eneral
George W. Gekas (R)
166,289
(100%)
($97,611)
timary
George W. Gekas (R), unopposed
eneral
George W. Gekas (R)
101.027
(74%)
($90.963)
Michael S. Ogden (D)
36,157
(267)
($3.335)
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
123.583
(53%)
Dukakis (D)
106,535
(46%)
Catholic; married (Carmala).
non; Dartmouth Col., B.A. 1963, Stanford U., LL.B. 1966; Roman
Elected 1976; b. Dec. 28, 1940, Rochester, NY; home, Mt. Leba-
Solicitor, Allegheny Cnty., 1967-69; Practicing atty., 1969-72;
Career: Staff atty., Neighborhood Legal Svcs., 1967-68; Asst.
Corp. Cnsl., Behavioral Research Lab., 1973-75.
Offices: 1000 2441 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2135. Also 2117 Fed. Bldg.,
Liberty Ave., Pittsburgh 15222, 412-391-4016.
Committees: Energy and Commerce (8th of 26 D). Subcommit-
and Investigations. Science, Space and Technology (5th of 30 D).
tees: Energy and Power; Health and the Environment; Oversight
Subcommittees: Energy Research and Development; Science, Re-
search and Technology (Chairman).
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
1988
NSI
90
77
COC
85
91
81
CEI
4
15
1987
0
92
25
84
86
17
-
-
0
-
-
13
6
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
79%
-
17%
73%
-
Social
0%
68%
-
31%
72%
-
27%
Foreign
84%
-
0%
81%
-
0%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
2) Gephardt Amdt
9) SDI Research
FOR
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
AGN
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D)
136,924
(63%)
John A. Newman (R)
($321,074)
80,975
1988 primary
(37%)
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D), unopposed
($16,349)
1986 general
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D)
104,164
(63%)
Ernie Buckman (R)
($557,031)
61,164
(37%)
($983,798)
NINETEENTH DISTRICT
The rolling green farmland of southern Pennsylvania, just west of the Pennsylvania Dutch
country and southwest of the state capital of Harrisburg and running up to the base of the first
Appalachian chains, makes up the 19th Congressional District of Pennsylvania. The most
famous part of this district, Gettysburg-the tourist-thronged site of the Civil War's northern-
most battle-is also the most sparsely populated, at least by permanent residents. Outside the
town is the retirement home of President Eisenhower, who was of Pennsylvania Dutch stock
himself; his father migrated in the late 19th century with a group of Mennonite brethren out into
Kansas and Texas.
The largest city here is York, which from September 1777 to June 1778 was the capital of the
ouglas (Doug) Walgren (D)
nation. When the Continental Congress met at York, it passed the Articles of Confedera-
Elected 1976; b. Dec. 28, 1940, Rochester. NY; home, Mt. Leba.
received word from Benjamin Franklin in Paris that the French would help with money and
non; Dartmouth Col., B.A. 1963, Stanford U., LL.B. 1966; Roman
and issued the first proclamation calling for a national day of thanksgiving. The other
Catholic; married (Carmala).
arge population center of the 19th District encompasses the west shore suburbs of Harrisburg,
Career: Staff atty., Neighborhood Legal Svcs., 1967-68; Asst.
pposite the state capital on the other side of the Susquehanna River. During the past two
Solicitor, Allegheny Cnty., 1967-69; Practicing atty., 1969-72;
decades, the west shore has absorbed a considerable white flight away from Harrisburg and has
Corp. Cnsl., Behavioral Research Lab., 1973-75.
seen growing more Republican. Farther west is the town of Carlisle, home of Dickinson College,
Offices: 2441 RHOB 20515, 202-225-2135. Also 2117 Fed. Bldg.,
ne of the nation's oldest, and the Army's Carlisle Barracks.
1000 Liberty Ave., Pittsburgh 15222, 412-391-4016.
York. for some years, was more Democratic than other Pennsylvania Dutch areas, and this
Committees: Energy and Commerce (8th of 26 D). Subcommit-
district was hotly contested by the two major parties; Democrats actually won it in 1954, 1958
tees: Energy and Power; Health and the Environment; Oversight
nd 1964. Except for two years, it has been held by members of the Goodling family since 1961.
and Investigations. Science, Space and Technology (5th of 30 D).
the current congressman, William Goodling, started off as one of the most conservative
Subcommittees: Energy Research and Development: Science, Re-
members of the Pennsylvania delegation after he was first elected in 1974. But in the ensuing
search and Technology (Chairman).
lears. Goodling, who was a teacher and principal, has risen to be ranking Republican on the
ducation and Labor Committee and has supported, sometimes vehemently, education and
Ratings
school lunch programs slated for extinction or cuts by the Reagan Administration. He worked
Cosely with the late Chairman Carl Perkins to save Chapters 1 and 2 of the Education and
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
ensolidation Improvement Act from inclusion in block grants to the states; he worked with
90
77
85
91
81
4
15
0
25
17
current Chairman Augustus Hawkins on a bipartisan reauthorization of the act, with a new Even
92
-
84
86
-
0
-
-
13
6
Start plan to attack illiteracy among adults as well as children. He has gotten through initiatives
I Journal Ratings
11 technical assistance centers for teachers, vocational education and the Talented Teacher Act;
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
with the practical sense of a teacher, he pushed a policy that children be offered different foods
ic
79%
-
17%
73%
-
0%
Fut not served what they won't eat. For the 101st Congress he sponsored the Bush Administra-
68%
-
31%
72%
-
27%
non bill on the minimum wage, and he wants to look at vocational education, child nutrition and
84%
I
0%
81%
I
0%
the Job Training Partnership Act.
es
He serves also on the Budget Committee, where he watches education spending; this is one
Republican who believes in concentrating on his committee agendas and working with
cless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
colleagues of both parties to shape legislation. He rotated off Intelligence after one term,
ardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
it Reduc
FOR
dissatisfied with the CIA's mining of the Nicaraguan harbors. He does have one other cause,
7) Handgun Sales
AGN
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
'Int Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
which now seems lost: he wants the Census Bureau not to count illegal aliens, so that states like
Pennsylvania which have very few will do better when House districts are reapportioned among
Results
the states. Goodling himself is likely to face no problems from redistricting or from the voters.
heral
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D)
136,924
(63%)
($321,074)
John A. Newman (R)
80,975
(37%)
($16,349)
mary
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D), unopposed
eral
Douglas (Doug) Walgren (D)
104,164
(63%)
($557,031)
Ernie Buckman (R)
61,164
(37%)
($983,798)
The People Est. Pop. 1986: 541,800, up 4.9% 1980-86: Pop. 1980: 516,605. up 14.4% 1970-80.
TEENTH DISTRICT
Households (1980): 77% family, 40% with children, 67% married couples: 26.9% housing units rented:
tedian monthly rent: $180; median house value: $46,500. Voting age pop. (1980): 376.801; 2% Black,
ing green farmland of southern Pennsylvania, just west of the Pennsylvania Dutch
Spanish origin.
and southwest of the state capital of Harrisburg and running up to the base of the first
hian chains, makes up the 19th Congressional District of Pennsylvania. The most
part of this district, Gettysburg-the tourist-thronged site of the Civil War's northern-
ttle-is also the most sparsely populated. at least by permanent residents. Outside the
the retirement home of President Eisenhower, who was of Pennsylvania Dutch stock
his father migrated in the late 19th century with a group of Mennonite brethren out into
and Texas.
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
125,523
(65%)
rgest city here is York. which from September 1777 to June 1778 was the capital of the
Dukakis (D).
65,656
(34%)
married (Hilda).
MD, B.S. 1953, Western MD Col., M.Ed. 1957; United Method L
), 1921. Loganville; home. Jacobus;
Career: Army, 1946-48; Pub. sch. teacher and admin., 1952-
Pres., Dallastown Sch. Bd., 1966-67.
Offices: 2263 RHOB 20515, 202-225-5836. Also Fed. Bldg.
S. George St., York 17405, 717-843-8887; 212 N. Hanover
Carlisle 17013, 717-243-5432; 140 Baltimore St., Gettysbu :
17325, 717-334-3430; 2020 Yale Ave., Camp Hill 17011, 717-74
631-1811. 1988; and 44 Frederick St., Hanover 17331, 717-632-7855, 8(
Committees: Budget (3d of 14 R). Task Forces: Communi
Development and Natural Resources: Human Resources (Rankii
Member). Education and Labor (Ranking Member of 13 R
tion (Ranking Member); Health and Safety; Postsecondary Education.
Subcommittees: Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Educ.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
1988
ACU
30
NTLC
35
NSI
27
COC
55
44
CEI
1987
63
24
64
80
26
93
-
43
38
-
48
-
-
80
60
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Economic
27%
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
-
72%
Social
29%
-
35%
69%
-
65%
Foreign
25%
-
30%
73%
-
67%
44%
-
56%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
AGN
9) SDI Research
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R)
145.381
Paul E. Ritchey (D)
(77%)
($57.091)
1988 primary
42,819
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R), unopposed
(23%)
($2,358)
1986 general
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R)
100,055
Richard F. Thornton (D)
(73%)
($49,648)
37,223
(27%)
($19.535)
TWENTIETH DISTRICT
banks a clear indication that they are over. Fifty years ago the WPA Guide noted manufacturing- that "the
and The Mon Valley today is a monument to the headiest days of American heavy
gigantic plants.' The Monongahela-the shortened version is increasingly in formal use-winds
bristle with factories, principally steel and glass. and workers' villages huddle around river the
through steep Pennsylvania hills north from West Virginia, and on the flat lands its
sweeping curves are built the steel mills, coke furnaces. and glass factories almost all the along to
Pittsburgh. The working-class towns or neighborhoods were built on higher land nearby, way where
name houses were crowded into narrow streets and almost piled one on top of another. Then.
Elected 1974; b. Dec. 5. 1927. Loganville: home, Jacobus: U. of
er the next hill, an entirely different, white-collar community might develop, connected to the
MD. B.S. 1953, Western MD Col., M.Ed. 1957: United Methodist:
: by entirely different streets. The working class towns started losing population 50 years ago.
married (Hilda).
sons and daughters in these numerous families were able to move to more pleasant suburbs:
Career: Army, 1946-48; Pub. sch. teacher and admin., 1952-74
Readdock. on the site where the British general fought and died in 1754, had 21,000 people in
Pres., Dallastown Sch. Bd., 1966-67.
20 and 11,000 in 1980. Then, as the steel industry collapsed and mills were shut down, the
Offices: 2263 RHOB 20515, 202-225-5836. Also Fed. Bldg., 200
umber of steel jobs in the Mon Valley dropped by 58,000 from 1979 to 1985. In these tiny
S. George St., York 17405. 717-843-8887; 212 N. Hanover St.
was. where row houses cling to the hillside, places once prosperous due to high steel wages are
Carlisle 17013, 717-243-5432; 140 Baltimore St., Gettysburg
seeing most of their residents on unemployment or moving out. Ministers have barricaded
17325. 717-334-3430; 2020 Yale Ave., Camp Hill 17011, 717-763-
remselves in their churches, preaching against the executives of the big companies-actually
1988; and 44 Frederick St., Hanover 17331, 717-632-7855, 800.
cunst the economies that no longer need the high-price steel produced by the high-wage, high-
631-1811.
workers that used to man these steel mills, that now sit cold and black, brooding and
Committees: Budget (3d of 14 R). Task Forces: Community
vavoidable presences beside the rivers on which all the houses look down.
Development and Natural Resources: Human Resources (Ranking
This is the land of the 20th Congressional District of Pennsylvania, most of whose residents
Member). Education and Labor (Ranking Member of 13 RL
:e strung out in the towns along the Monongahela. There is a similar population concentration
Subcommittees: Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Educa.
the north, on the Allegheny. Connecting them are modest working-class suburbs, interspersed
tion (Ranking Member); Health and Safety: Postsecondary Education.
a few of higher status, just outside of Pittsburgh itself. Almost all of this district is heavily
Group Ratings
temocratic. It is populated by people of almost every ethnic background; the politics of
anklin D. Roosevelt not only gave them hope of economic recovery, but assured them that
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
" were included and valued in America. They turned from their longtime Republican voting
30
35
27
55
44
63
64
80
93
38
1987
cbits to support FDR, and their Democratic allegiance was cemented in the struggle over
24
-
26
43
-
48
-
-
80
60
monization that made the United Steelworkers the major economic force here for years. That
National Journal Ratings
emocratic allegiance is sometimes strained by the party's cultural liberalism; this is a place
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
where the population is old and the old patterns remain very much the rule. But in the 1980s. this
Economic
27%
-
72%
29%
-
69%
been one of the most solidly Democratic parts of the country in presidential as well as House
Social
35%
-
65%
25%
-
73%
ections.
Foreign
30%
-
67%
44%
-
56%
The 20th District's congressman is Joseph Gaydos, a former state senator and attorney for
nited Mine Workers District 5. He had Democratic organization and union backing when he
Key Votes
of won the seat in 1968; in Washington, he has been a reliable vote for organized labor and.
) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
FOR
sually. the Democratic leadership. There is no doubt where his loyalties lie as a member of the
) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
ducation and Labor Committee. He has chaired the Subcommittee on Health and Safety,
) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
each has had jurisdiction over the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, since 1977.
) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
During that time, there have been all manner of controversies over OSHA; the burden of
lection Results
egulations was reduced by Jimmy Carter's commissioner as well as Ronald Reagan's. Gaydos
988 general
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R)
145.381
(77%)
($57,091)
is seen his job as defending the agency from attack and preventing any relaxation of
Paul E. Ritchey (D)
42,819
(23%)
($2,358)
inforcement. Cost-cutting here, as he argues, can cost lives. Gaydos introduced a bill to establish
188 primary
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R), unopposed
Reguards for workers exposed to toxic substances in high-risk jobs. He also wants to resurrect
86 general
William F. (Bill) Goodling (R)
100.055
(73%)
($49.648)
the Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s to provide a workforce for improvement projects
Richard F. Thornton (D)
37,223
(27%)
($19.535)
a public lands.
By all odds Gaydos should have a safe seat. But politics along the Monongahela can be
turbulent: he won primaries in 1982 and 1984 with 67% and 73%-not quite the unanimous
WENTIETH DISTRICT
support some congressmen get. In general elections he is reelected overwhelmingly. The serious
threat to him is the redistricting that will follow the 1990 Census. The steel towns have been
e Mon Valley today is a monument to the headiest days of American heavy manufacturing-
sing population rapidly, and the 20th District, elongated in shape and sandwiched between
i a clear indication that they are over. Fifty years ago the WPA Guide noted that "the river
ther Democratic districts, could easily be sliced up, putting him in a primary battle with
nks bristle with factories. principally steel and glass, and workers' villages huddle around the
mother incumbent.
antic plants." The Monongahela-the shortened version is increasingly in formal use-winds
bugh steep Pennsylvania hills north from West Virginia, and on the flat lands along its
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 490,900, dn. 4.9% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516,028, dn. 8.0% 1970-80.
eping curves are built the steel mills. coke furnaces, and glass factories almost all the way to
Households (1980): 76% family, 35% with children, 62% married couples; 28.9% housing units rented:
sburgh. The working-class towns or neighborhoods were built on higher land nearby. where
median monthly rent: $157; median house value: $37,800. Voting age pop. (1980): 390,171: 5% Black.
1072
PENNSYLVANIA
1988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis (D)
125,909
(65%)
Bush (R)
67,172
(34%)
Rep. Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
Elected 1968; b. July 3, 1926, Braddock; home, McKeesport:
Duquesne U., U. of Notre Dame, LL.B. 1951; Roman Catholic;
married (Alice).
Career: Navy, WWII: Dpty. Atty. Gen. of PA; Asst. Allegheny
Cnty. Solicitor; Gen. Cnsl., United Mine Workers of Amer., Dist. 5:
PA Senate, 1967-68.
Offices: 2186 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4631. Also 318 5th Ave.,
McKeesport 15132, 412-673-7756; and Crown Bldg., 979 4th Ave.,
Rm. 217, New Kensington 15068, 412-339-7070.
Committees: Education and Labor (3d of 22 D). Subcommittees:
Health and Safety (Chairman); Postsecondary Education. House
Administration (2d of 13 D). Subcommittees: Accounts (Chair-
man); Personnel and Police. Standards of Official Conduct (5th of
6 D). Joint Committee on Printing.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
65
57
91
73
44
24
6.
60
25
10
1987
64
-
90
64
-
9
-
-
27
8
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
78%
-
21%
73%
-
0%
Social
46%
-
53%
56%
-
43%
Foreign
54%
-
45%
50%
-
50%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
137,472
(98%)
($137,023)
1988 primary
Joseph M. Gaydos (D), unopposed
1986 general
Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
136,638
(98%)
($119,321)
TWENTY-FIRST DISTRICT
Erie "has the restful quiet of a resort center," wrote the WPA Guide 50 years ago. "but the
waterfront presents a scene of activity when the lake. ice-locked several months of the year, is
open to navigation. Here the 44,000 vessels annually warp into and away from the piers, carrying
heavy cargoes of lumber, coal, petroleum. grain, iron ore and fish; until 1925, more fresh-water
fish were shipped from Erie than from any other port in the world." Erie is the one part of
Pennsylvania that looks to the Great Lakes. not to the Atlantic or to Pittsburgh: it's 428 miles
from here to Center City Philadelphia.
Erie is the largest city in Pennsylvania's 21st Congressional District, about half of which is in
1072
FENNS 1 LVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1073
1988 Presidential Vote: Dukakis (D)
125,909
(65%)
Bush (R)
67,172
(34%)
Frie County. The other half is part of western Pennsylvania's steel country: Sharon, right on the
Ohio border and part of the Youngstown-Warren area, was long a major steel-producing town,
Rep. Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
and so was New Castle, whose suburbs are also part of the district. But there are rural areas, too.
Crawford County, between Sharon and Erie, is mostly farming country. This combination
Elected 1968; b. July 3, 1926. Braddock: home, McKeesport;
produces a pretty even political balance, with the Democratic majorities of Erie and the steel
Duquesne U., U. of Notre Dame, LL.B. 1951; Roman Catholic;
married (Alice).
towns balanced off by the Republican majorities of Crawford County and other rural areas:
Michael Dukakis narrowly carried this district in 1988. In congressional elections, this was for
Career: Navy, WWII; Dpty. Atty. Gen. of PA: Asst. Allegheny
lears one of the classic marginal districts in the nation, but now seems very happy with its
Cnty. Solicitor; Gen. Cnsl., United Mine Workers of Amer., Dist. 5;
Republican congressman, Tom Ridge.
PA Senate, 1967-68.
Ridge has the perfect background for such a seat. He is from a Catholic Slovak-and-Irish
Offices: 2186 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4631. Also 318 5th Ave.,
working-class family in Erie who once lived in a housing project: he went to Harvard and-an
McKeesport 15132, 412-673-7756; and Crown Bldg., 979 4th Ave.,
anusual combination-served in Vietnam. On the Banking Committee he has worked with
Rm. 217, New Kensington 15068. 412-339-7070.
Democrats on some issues and has worked to further local projects. He has paid particular
Committees: Education and Labor (3d of 22 D). Subcommittees:
ittention to local issues and local angles. He spent much effort trying to help constituents after
Health and Safety (Chairman): Postsecondary Education. House
cornados swept the area in May 1985, and he developed what became the Disaster Relief and
Administration (2d of 13 D). Subcommittees: Accounts (Chair-
I mergency Assistance Amendments of 1988, although he is not on the relevant committee. He
man); Personnel and Police. Standards of Official Conduct (5th of
6 D). Joint Committee on Printing.
has worked to let banks into the securities business. He worked on the McKinney Homeless Act
and on protecting veterans programs from budget cuts. He has worked with Bob Mrazek to let
Group Ratings
Amerasian children into the United States. He wants to prevent the Census Bureau from
counting illegal aliens and to have it count servicemen abroad in the 1990 Census. He is inclined
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
65
57
91
73
44
24
6
60
25
toward trade restrictions; he was one of the few Republicans to speak out for the Gephardt
10
mendment.
1987
64
-
90
64
-
9
-
-
27
8
Ridge won the seat in the recession year of 1982 by only 729 votes against an abrasive and
National Journal Ratings
"verconfident Democrat, state Senator Anthony "Buzz" Andrezeski. Ridge, a Bush supporter in
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
980. stressed his independence and his background. In a district where Democrats usually vote
Economic
78%
-
21%
73%
-
0%
11 lockstep with union leaders, and where Republicans are usually lackluster choices of local
Social
46%
-
53%
56%
-
43%
country club denizens or eccentric loners, Ridge seemed earnest, hardworking and thoughtful.
Foreign
54%
-
45%
50%
-
50%
1115 personal touch has helped him to reelection with 65% in 1984, 81% in 1986 and 79% in 1988.
Key Votes
11. has been mentioned as a possible candidate for governor in 1990. If he does run, there will
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
probably be a hotly contested race in this closely divided district.
FOR
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
1988 general
Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
137,472
(98%)
($137,023)
1988 primary
Joseph M. Gaydos (D), unopposed
1986 general
Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
136,638
(98%)
($119,321)
the People: Est. Pop. 1986: 509,500. dn. 1.4% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 516.645, up 5.5% 1970-80.
Il useholds (1980): 76% family, 40% with children, 64% married couples: 27.1% housing units rented:
tedian monthly rent: $156; median house value: $37,600. Voting age pop. (1980): 370,614; 3% Black.
TWENTY-FIRST DISTRICT
Erie "has the restful quiet of a resort center," wrote the WPA Guide 50 years ago,"but the
waterfront presents a scene of activity when the lake. ice-locked several months of the year. is
open to navigation. Here the 44,000 vessels annually warp into and away from the piers, carrying
heavy cargoes of lumber. coal. petroleum. grain. iron ore and fish: until 1925, more fresh-water
fish were shipped from Erie than from any other port in the world." Erie is the one part of
Pennsylvania that looks to the Great Lakes, not to the Atlantic or to Pittsburgh: it's 428 miles
from here to Center City Philadelphia.
1988 Presidential Vote: Dukakis (D)
94,351
(50%)
Erie is the largest city in Pennsylvania's 21st Congressional District. about half of which is in
Bush (R)
91,555
(49%)
Rep. Thomas J. Ridge (R)
Elected 1982; b. Aug. 26, 1945, Munhall; home. Erie; Harvard
Col., B.A. 1967, Dickinson Sch. of Law, J.D. 1972; Roman Catho-
lic; married (Michele).
Career: Army, Vietnam; Practicing atty., 1972-82.
Offices: 1714 LHOB 20515, 202-225-5406. Also 108 Fed. Bldg.,
Erie 16501, 814-456-2038; 305 Chestnut St., Meadville 16335,
814-724-8414; and 91 E. State St., Sharon 16146, 412-981-8440.
Committees: Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (10th of 20 R).
Subcommittees: Consumer Affairs and Coinage; Financial Institu-
tions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance; Housing and Commu-
nity Development. Post Office and Civil Service (7th of 9 R).
Subcommittees: Civil Service; Census and Population (Ranking
Member). Veterans' Affairs (8th of 13 R). Subcommittees: Educa-
tion, Training and Employment: Hospitals and Health Care. Select
Committee on Aging (9th of 27 R). Subcommittees: Health and
Long-Term Care; Housing and Consumer Interests.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
50
61
57
73
75
36
56
50
71
32
1987
44
-
51
50
-
19
-
-
64
43
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
49%
-
50%
38%
-
61%
Social
33%
-
66%
50%
-
49%
Foreign
46%
-
54%
50%
-
48%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
Thomas J. Ridge (R)
141,832
(79%)
($370,619)
George R. H. Elden (D)
38,288
(21%)
1988 primary
Thomas J. Ridge (R), unopposed
1986 general
Thomas J. Ridge (R)
111,148
(81%)
($267,525)
Joylyn Blackwell (D)
26,324
(19%)
TWENTY-SECOND DISTRICT
Fifty years ago, according to the WPA Guide, Uniontown, "in a wild setting at the foot of the
Alleghenies, [was] one of the bituminous coal centers in Pennsylvania. The rambling city of
narrow streets has an appearance of prosperity. Coal, iron, lumber, natural gas, and glass.
radiator, and textile manufacture contribute to its income." Prosperity is not a word most people
would use to describe the southwest corner of Pennsylvania these days-although in fact
incomes, even for unemployed workers, are much higher and living standards much more
comfortable than they were for all but a few 50 years ago. In the small towns and little cities
074
PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA
1075
ep. Thomas J. Ridge (R)
codged in the interstices between bills and rivers, where frame houses were built 70 years ago to
Elected 1982; b. Aug. 26, 1945. Munhall; home, Erie; Harvard
use the immigrants from Italy. Poland, Scotland and later Czechoslovakia, factories have
Col., B.A. 1967, Dickinson Sch. of Law. J.D. 1972; Roman Catho-
kged. old jobs have disappeared. and young people have long since moved away.
lic; married (Michele).
This is the land of the 22d Congressional District of Pennsylvania-a region of rugged hills
Career: Army, Vietnam; Practicing atty., 1972-82.
polluted rivers, lined with steel mills and smaller factories. The 22d is one of Pennsylva-
Offices: 1714 LHOB 20515, 202-225-5406. Also 108 Fed. Bldg.
and the nation's-most blue-collar and most Democratic districts. The long slide of the
Erie 16501, 814-456-2038; 305 Chestnut St.. Meadville 16335,
industry has made this a depressed area for going on two decades now. Its ethnic
814-724-8414: and 91 E. State St., Sharon 16146, 412-981-8440.
imposition. its high union membership, its depressed economy, its appetite for federal help—
Committees: Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (10th of 20 RL
these make this a heavily Democratic district. It voted 57% for Walter Mondale in 1984 and
Subcommittees: Consumer Affairs and Coinage: Financial Institu-
for Michael Dukakis in 1988.
tions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance: Housing and Commu-
The 22d District's congressman. Austin Murphy, is a native of the Mon Valley, a veteran of
nity Development. Post Office and Civil Service (7th of 9 R).
Marine Corps, a supporter of organized labor and a Democrat. Murphy's voting record is
Subcommittees: Civil Service: Census and Population (Ranking
:dly Democratic and pro-labor: on cultural issues and foreign policy, his record is mixed.
Member). Veterans' Affairs (8th of 13 R). Subcommittees: Educa-
Murphy sits on the Interior Committee, where he naturally supports the interests of coal and
tion, Training and Employment; Hospitals and Health Care. Select
mushed for the Southwestern Pennsylvania Industrial Heritage Commission, and on Education
Committee on Aging (9th of .27 R). Subcommittees: Health and
ad Labor. where he spends most of his time. Beginning in 1985, he has chaired the Labor
ng-Term Care; Housing and Consumer Interests.
standards Subcommittee, where he supports a higher minimum wage, a stronger Davis-Bacon
oup Ratings
1.1 requiring high construction wages on government projects), and tougher occupational
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
sease legislation. In March 1989. he was the lead sponsor of the Murphy-Ridge-Robinson
CEI
88
50
61
57
73
75
36
56
50
71
"mmum wage-well above the Bush Administration's-that passed the House. Yet when it
32
87
44
-
51
50
-
19
-
-
64
43
mes to protecting local governments, he may be willing to subordinate the interests of their
prioyees: in the 99th Congress, he moved successfully to allow cities to set retirement ages for
tional Journal Ratings
will and fire officers and to give employees compensatory time rather than overtime pay. He
1988 LIB- 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
tought to protect the black lung compensation program against cuts and to make it more
onomic
49%
-
50%
38%
-
61%
enerous. Like all western Pennsylvanians, he clamors for a tougher trade policy.
cial
33%
-
66%
50%
I
49%
Murphy's record was besmirched in 1987 when he was charged with letting another person
reign
46%
-
54%
50%
-
48%
his vote on the floor, diverting supplies to his former law firm, and paying a staffer for work
y Votes
done. The ethics committee found him in violation of the rules. and in December 1987 the
Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
Hease oted 324-68 to formally reprimand him. This did not cause him much problem back
Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps AGN
in the 22d District. Murphy first won the 22d District seat when he drew 29% of the vote in
Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
candidate primary in 1976 and 55% in the general, after 32-year incumbent Thomas
Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Morgan, chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, retired. In 1988, Murphy beat a
compike equipment manager by a -3%-27% margin in the primary and won the general election
ection Results
38 general
Thomas J. Ridge (R)
141.832
(795)
($370,619)
George R. H. Elden (D)
38,288
(21%)
38 primary
Thomas J. Ridge (R), unopposed
36 general
Thomas J. Ridge (R)
111.148
(817)
($267,525)
Joylyn Blackwell (D)
26,324
(19%)
the People: Est. Pop. 1986: 502.500. dn. 2.5% 1980-86: Pop. 1980: 515.122, up 2.4% 1970-80.
scholds (1980): 78% family, 38% with children, 65% married couples: 26.0% housing units rented:
VENTY-SECOND DISTRICT
alam monthly rent: $136; median house value: $35,500. Voting age pop. (1980): 378,475; 3% Black.
ty years ago. according to the WPA Guide. Uniontown, "in a wild setting at the foot of the
eghenies, [was] one of the bituminous coal centers in Pennsylvania. The rambling city of
row streets has an appearance of prosperity. Coal, iron, lumber. natural gas, and glass,
iator. and textile manufacture contribute to its income." Prosperity is not a word most people
uld use to describe the southwest corner of Pennsylvania these days-although in fact
omes. even for unemployed workers, are much higher and living standards much more
1988 Presidential Vote:
Dukakis
(D)
115,106
(65%)
infortable than they were for all but a few 50 years ago. In the small towns and little cities
Bush (R)
61,947
(35%)
nep. Austin J. Murphy (D)
hela; Duquesne U., B.A. 1949, U. of Pittsburgh, LL.B. 1952;
Elected 1976; b. June 17, 1927, North Charleroi; home, Monongs.
Roman Catholic; married (Ramona).
Career: USMC, WWII; Practicing atty.; Washington Cnty. Asst
Dist. 1971-77. Atty., 1956-57; PA House of Reps., 1959-71; PA Senate
Offices: 2210 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4665. Also 306 Fallowfield
Ave., Charleroi 15022, 412-489-4217; 96 N. Main St., Washington
15301, 412-228-2777; 45-51 E. Penn St., Uniontown 15401, 412.
438-1490; 1801 C. Broadhead Rd., Aliquippa 15001, 412-375-
1199; and 93 High St., Waynesburg 15370, 412-627-7611.
Committees: Education and Labor (6th of 22 D). Subcommittees:
Labor-Management Relations; Labor Standards (Chairman). Inte-
rior and Insular Affairs (5th of 26 D). Subcommittees: Energy and
the Environment; Mining and Natural Resources; National Parks
and Public Lands.
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
1988
60
CEI
60
82
82
31
24
24
50
33
1987
60
23
-
80
57
-
5
-
-
15
11
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
63%
-
36%
51%
-
48%
Social
52%
-
47%
44%
-
55%
Foreign
53%
-
47%
54%
-
46%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
-
9) SDI Research
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
-
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Election Results
1988 general
Austin J. Murphy (D)
123,428
(72%)
($183.335)
William Hodgkiss (R)
47,039
1988 primary
(28%)
Austin J. Murphy (D)
64,187
(73%)
Thomas J. Fullard (D)
23,193
1986 general
(27%)
Austin J. Murphy (D)
131,650
(100%)
($118,557)
TWENTY-THIRD DISTRICT
The 23d Congressional District of Pennsylvania is the rural north central part of the state. The
region is the most sparsely populated area in all the eastern states. The district's terrain is
mountainous, and its valleys have only a few towns here and there; this was a route ignored in the-
great migrations west, and it contains none of the great historical east-west transportation routes.
The only significant concentrations of people are found in the Nittany Valley in the southern
part of the district and around Oil City in the extreme west. The Nittany Valley is the home of
Pennsylvania State University, commonly called Penn State, long known for the powerful
Austin J. Murphy (D)
teams coached by Joe Paterno (who gave the seconding speech for George Bush at the
Elected 1976: b. June 17, 1927. North Charleroi: home, Mononga-
depublican Convention and is mentioned as a possible gubernatorial candidate in 1990). Oil
hela; Duquesne U., B.A. 1949, U. of Pittsburgh, LL.B. 1952;
near the site of the nation's first oil well, sunk in 1859. Today Pennsylvania crude-a
Roman Catholic; married (Ramona).
carryely scarce oil but of higher quality than that found in the Southwest-continues to occupy
Career: USMC, WWII; Practicing atty.; Washington Cnty. Asst
important place in the area's economy.
Dist. 1971-77. Atty., 1956-57; PA House of Reps., 1959-71; PA Senate,
North central Pennsylvania now has easy connections with the rest of the country through
cerstate 80. the shortest main road from New York to Chicago, and through commuter
Offices: 2210 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4665. Also 306 Fallowfield
mes: yet the air of isolation persists. The solidly built courthouses and banks in the center of
Ave., Charleroi 15022, 412-489-4217; 96 N. Main St., Washington
county seat testify to the long prosperity of this part of the country; yet unemployment
15301, 412-228-2777; 45-51 E. Penn St., Uniontown 15401, 412.
have been high in most counties. The 23d remains a rural and small-town district,
438-1490; 1801 C. Broadhead Rd., Aliquippa 15001, 412-375-
rulated mainly by descendants of the English stock farmers who moved here in the early 19th
1199; and 93 High St., Waynesburg 15370, 412-627-7611.
":ury: it is one part of America that no further wave of immigration has reached.
Committees: Education and Labor (6th of 22 D). Subcommittees:
Pennsylvania has a long Republican tradition going back to the years just before the Civil
Labor-Management Relations; Labor Standards (Chairman). Inte-
N.I. and no part of Pennsylvania more so than this. Yet the 23d District's Republican
rior and Insular Affairs (5th of 26 D). Subcommittees: Energy and
ingressman. Bill Clinger, had to fight hard to win the district in 1978 over a one-term
the Environment; Mining and Natural Resources; National Parks
temocratic incumbent, and he had to fight hard to hold it through the 1980s. This is all the
and Public Lands.
striking because Clinger is the kind of moderate Republican who presumably appeals
Ratings
party lines. He chaired the House Wednesday Group, made up mostly of moderate and
ADA
ACLU
COPE
heral Republicans, which, under his leadership, generated some actual legislation. He moved
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
60
60
CEI
82
82
31
repeal the requirement that EPA must indemnify pesticide makers when it bans their
24
24
50
33
60
23
80
57
-oducts: he lost on a procedural vote 209-206, but is likely to return to the issue. He also
-
-
5
-
-
15
II
consored with three Democrats a bill to close loopholes in the regulation of toxic PCBs. He
I Journal Ratings
eished to adjust the 1986 tax reform to allow municipalities to invest funds they received from
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Filing bonds pending completion of the projects they were intended to pay for. He is one of the
ic
63%
-
36%
51%
-
48%
ingressional promoters of a federal capital budget. to set capital spending apart from current
52%
-
47%
44%
-
55%
perations, and presumably to generate more of it. He helped to originate the individual training
53%
I
47%
54%
-
46%
acount idea popularized in the 1984 presidential campaign by Gary Hart.
as
But none of this prevented Democratic legislator Bill Wachob from running strong races in
18.1 and 1986. A liberal from College Station, Wachob caught Clinger by surprise in 1984;
less $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
-
9) SDI Research
ardt Amdt
FOR
Wachob won 48% that year and started running for 1986. But Clinger started running hard too.
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
1 Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
moment in 1986, the race in the remote 23d looked like Star Wars: Ed Asner came in to
-
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
Int Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
impaign for Wachob and his rival in the Screen Actors Guild. Charlton Heston. came in to
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
impaign for Clinger. It's not clear how much either knew about the candidates: Heston took
Results
tshots at Asner for working with Communist-connected supporters of the Sandinista regime.
eral
Austin J. Murphy (D)
123,428
(72%)
the end. with both candidates campaigning hard. the district's native Republicanism asserted
($183,335)
William Hodgkiss (R)
47,039
(28%)
self. and Clinger won with 55%, running slightly ahead of losing gubernatorial candidate
hary
Austin J. Murphy (D)
64,187
(73%)
William Scranton and well behind winning Senator Arlen Specter. In 1988, he had a much
Thomas J. Fullard (D)
23,193
(27%)
veaker opponent and won with 62%. His major problem now seems to be redistricting. It would
ral
Austin J. Murphy (D)
131,650
(100%)
($118,557)
hard but not impossible to carve this geographically large district among its neighbors, and
":.11 might well be done if Clinger signals he wishes to retire in 1992.
[Y-THIRD DISTRICT
Congressional District of Pennsylvania is the rural north central part of the state. The
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 507,800, dn. 1.6% 1980-86: Pop. 1980: 515,976. up 6.1% 1970-80.
the most sparsely populated area in all the eastern states. The district's terrain is
!! useholds (1980): 74% family, 39% with children. 64% married couples: 27.3% housing units rented:
tedian monthly rent: $154; median house value: $34,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 378.256; 1% Black.
us, and its valleys have only a few towns here and there; this was a route ignored in the
ations west, and it contains none of the great historical east-west transportation routes.
significant concentrations of people are found in the Nittany Valley in the southern
district and around Oil City in the extreme west. The Nittany Valley is the home of
1988 Presidential Vote:
Bush (R)
97.551
(56%)
nia State University, commonly called Penn State, long known for the powerful
Dukakis (D)
73,737
(43%)
Rep. William F. (Bill) Clinger, Jr. (R)
Elected 1978; b. Apr. 4, 1929, Warren; home, Warren: J
Hopkins U., B.A. 1951, U. of VA, LL.B. 1965; Presbyte
married (Julia).
Career: Navy, 1951-55; Adv. Dept., New Process Co., 1955
Practicing atty., 1965-75, 1977-78; Chf. Cnsl., Econ. D
Admin., U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1975-77.
Offices: 2160 RHOB 20515, 202-225-5121. Also 315 S. All
Ste. 219, State College 16801, 814-238-1776; and 805 Penn
Bldg., Warren 16365, 814-726-3910.
Committees: Government Operations (3d of 15 R). Subcom
tee: Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources (Ranking N
ber). Public Works and Transportation (4th of 20 R). Subcom
tees: Aviation (Ranking Member): Investigations and Overs
Surface Transportation. Select Committee on Aging (21st of 2'
Subcommittees: Health and Long-Term Care; Human Service
Group Ratings
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CI
1988
25
59
43
64
38
63
53
100
86
1987
24
-
41
36
-
43
-
-
73
National Journal Ratings
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
34%
-
65%
33%
-
66%
Social
39%
-
60%
44%
-
56%
Foreign
34%
-
65%
37%
-
63%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
F
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
A
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
F
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
A
Election Results
1988 general
William F. (Bill) Clinger, Jr. (R)
105,575
(62%)
($336.
Howard Shakespeare (D)
63,476
(37%)
($106.-
1988 primary
William F. (Bill) Clinger, Jr. (R), unopposed
1986 general
William F. (Bill) Clinger, Jr. (R)
79,595
(55%)
($695.)
Bill Wachob (D)
63,875
(45%)
($577.:
7-4566218;# 2/ 2
Presid. : 9-11-91 ; 6:12PM : Nat'l Drug Policy:-
Office of Nat'l Drug Control Policy
o
Overall Drug Use (Household Survey)
Decrease
1985
1988
1990
1985-90
1988-90
Current Use (thousands)
22,980
14,479
12,948
44%
11%
Percent of Population
12.0%
7.3%
6.4%
47%
12%
Cocaine Use (Household Survey)
Decrease
1985
1988
1990
1985-90
1988-90
Current Use (thousands)
5,750
2,923
1,601
72%
45%
Percent of Population
2.9%
1.5%
0.8%
72%
47%
o Drug Use by High School Seniors (Senior Survey)
1985
1988
1990
1985
1988
1990
Current Overall Drug Use (%)
30.7%
37.2%
29.7%
21.3%
19.7%
17.2%
Current Cocaine Use (%)
1.9%
5.2%
6.7%
3.4%
2.8%
1.9%
OPBA 8/21/91
2 yrs.
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
$70.00
mm
#####
H
FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET
DATE September 27,1991
TO Dan Eramian
Thornburgh for Senate
FAX NUMBER (412) 928-5960
OFFICE NUMBER
NUMBER OF PAGES INCLUDING COVER 4
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS
FROM White House Communications- Michele Nix
COMMENTS
OFFICE NUMBER
MAY 08 '91 14:32 REPUBLICAN ST. COMMITTEE OF PH.
HARRIS WOFFORD
Bio
SECRETARY
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRY
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
Harris Wofford was sworn in on March 23, 1987, as
Pennsylvania's 29th Secretary of Labor and Industry.
Wofford is a lawyer who has served as Special Assistant
to President Kennedy, as a founder of the Peace Corps, and
as President of two academic institutions, including Bryn
Mawr College. He is the author of the 1980 book, Of
Kennedys and Kings.
Just prior to joining the Casey Administration, Wofford
was Democratic State Chairman on nomination by Robert Casey.
Previously he was counsel with the Philadelphia law firm of
Schnader, Harrison, Segal & Lewis, and President of Bryn
Mawr College (1970-78) and of the State University of New
York's College at Old Westbury (1966-70).
In 1948, Wofford received a B.A. degree from the
University of Chicago. He later earned J.D. and LL.B.
degrees from the Howard University and Yale University Law
Schools.
Wofford served in the Kennedy White House as Special
Assistant to the President and chairman of the Subcabinet
Group on Civil Rights. While on the White House staff, he
helped Sargent Shriver form the Peace Corps, and later
served as the Corps' Special Representative to Africa and
subsequently as its Associate Director.
During the Eisenhower Administration, Wofford was
counsel to the Rev. Theodore Hesburgh on the U.S. Commission
on Civil Rights.
As Associate Professor of law at the University of
Notre Dame Law School and a lecturer at Howard University
Law School, Wofford taught labor/management relations and
corporation law. In the 1950's, he also was an associate,
(with Robert P. Casey) in the Washington, D.C. law firm of
Covington and Burling.
Wofford has been President of The International League
for Human Rights, a member of the governing council of The
Wilderness Society, and a member of the board of the Public
Interest Law Center of Philadelphia. A trustee of the
Martin Luther King, Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change,
he has served as secretary of the Philadelphia Martin Luther
King, Jr. Association for Nonviolence.
MAY 08 '91 14:33 REPUBLICAN ST. COMMITTEE OF PA.
P.4
He holds honorary degrees from Tufts and Wake Forest
Universities, King's and Albright Colleges, and also has
received the Philadelphia Martin Luther King Association's
Drum Major Award for Social Justice, the Eleanor Roosevelt
Humanities Award, and the Howard University Alumni Award for
Distinguished Postgraduate Achievement.
The author of numerous articles, Wofford has written
four books, including of Kennedys and Kings: Making Sense
of the Sixties. He and his wife, Clare, co-authored India
Afire.
He resides in Montgomery County with Clare, who in 1990
was managing director for the University of Pennsylvania's
250th Anniversary Celebration. They have three children:
Susanne, the Charles Murphy Associate Professor of English
at Yale University; Daniel, Special Assistant to Governor
Casey; and David, press secretary for Peter Hearn for Mayor;
and one grandson, Gabriel Lezra.
9/1/191
POLITICS
Sen. Wofford's Abortion Stance
None of this should be a surprise. When Symms
Wins Points With Neither Side
announced Aug. 7 that he would not run, he made it
clear that he was not going to stay on the sidelines
Sen. Harris Wofford (D-Pa.), in a tough race with
during the campaign to elect his successor. "I will
former attorney general Dick Thornburgh, can't
not sit idly by while a left-leaning Democrat sells
seem to win with either side on the abortion issue
the Idaho electorate a bill of goods," the fiercely
Wofford said he supports the Pennsylvania Abor-
conservative Symms said. He is expected to spend
tion Control Act, but some antiabortion organiza-
some of his $500,000 campaign fund on anti-Stall-
ings commercials next year.
tions are not convinced. "We not so affectionately
call him 'Senator Waffler,' said Denise Neary of
Don't expect responses from the Stallings camp.
the Pennsylvania Pro-Life Federation. "He's trying
"It's easy to recognize partisan baiting," Gary Ca-
tron, Stallings's chief of staff, said last week. "And
to head toward the middle."
Pennsylvania's abortion law requires spousal no-
it's certainly not necessary to respond to yet the
tification and a 24-hour waiting period. It bans abor-
latest installment of the world according to Senator
Symms.'
tions after 24 weeks of pregnancy and prohibits
abortions for sex selection. The law has been chal-
lenged and is expected to be argued before the Su-
Republicans Aiding Graham Campaign
preme Court this fall.
Not only is the Republican Party having trouble
Thornburgh, who officially announced his candi-
finding a challenger to Sen. Bob Graham (D-Fla.),
dacy Thursday, recently met with federation mem-
some of its members are helping the first-term
bers, and the group said it will decide whether to
Democrat in his reelection bid.
support the former two-term governor after he pro-
Sylvester Lukis, a Washington lobbyist and a top
vides it with his views on abortion funding, parental
political adviser to former Florida governor Bob
notification, fetal tissue experimentation and wheth-
Martinez (R), hosted a Washington fund-raiser for
er abortions should be provided at U.S. military
Graham and contributed $1,000 himself.
bases abroad.
"Senator Graham is a good man," Lukis told the
"We were much more encouraged by the meeting
Gainesville (Fla.) Sun. Lukis said he especially ap-
with him than with Harris Wofford," Neary said. "I'd
preciated Graham's support of Martinez during Sen-
say the jury is still out, but we are hopeful."
ate confirmation hearings for Martinez to become
During his tenure as governor from 1979 to
national drug control policy director. "I thought that
1987, Thornburgh vetoed an abortion control bill
was a gentlemanly, honorable and bipartisan thing
and that has caused some concern among antiabor-
to do," Lukis said.
tion activists.
As for complaints from fellow Republicans about
Thornburgh and Wofford meet in a Nov. 5 special
helping a Democrat, Lukis said, "I don't know of any
election to fill the unexpired term of the late Sen.
Republican nominee that has come out against Sen.
John Heinz (R). Gov. Robert P. Casey (D) appointed
Graham."
-
Wofford to fill the seat temporarily.
Lukis is not the only Republican donating money
Kate Michelman of the National Abortion Rights
for Graham's reelection. Graham's most recent
Action League told the Morning Call of Allentown
campaign finance report-which showed that he has
(Pa.): "Thornburgh has been the enemy of a wo-
more than $1 million in his campaign treasury-
man's right to choose for a very long time. But the
"was laced with the names of well-known GOP con-
problem is, we have grave differences with Senator
tributors," the newspaper reported.
Wofford over his support of the Pennsylvania Abor-
tion Control Act of 1989."
State Senate Hopeful: Gays Can Be Cured
A Massachusetts state Senate candidate says he
Symms, Out of Race, Keeps Up Attacks
believes homosexuality can be cured. "It's not an
Just because Sen. Steve Symms (R-Idaho) has
unchangeable condition, like being black or a wo-
decided not to run for reelection does not mean he
man," Douglas Dagarin, a Republican, was quoted as
has decided to stop criticizing Rep. Richard H. Stall-
saying in Friday's Boston Herald.
ings (D-Idaho), who is running for Symms's seat
Dagarin, 40, a lawyer from Northampton in west-
along with several Republicans.
ern Massachusetts, said he has compassion for ho-
In July, before Symms announced that he would
mosexuals, and added, "I believe there's a cure,"
not seek reelection, he ran radio ads blasting Stall-
particularly through prayer.
ings for voting against giving President Bush au-
Dagarin said he supports abolishing Massachu-
thority to use military force in the Persian Gulf.
setts's gay-rights law because state and federal laws
Late last month, Symms issued a press release
provide equal protection for everyone.
attacking Stallings for "displaying his total lack of
"It's time to uphold Judeo-Christian views and say
understanding about the internal workings of the
'no' to those who practice illegitimate lifestyles," he
Soviet Union."
said.
Symms's comments were made after Stallings
Dagarin got 48 percent of the vote to win a three-
was quoted in the Idaho Statesman as saying that
way GOP primary last week. He faces state Rep.
the purpose of the coup was "not so much moving to
Stanley Rosenberg (D) in a special election Sept. 24
restore communism as to restore order."
to fill the Senate seat vacated when John W. Olver
"For a member of Congress to stand up and sug-
(D) was elected to Congress.
gest [this] is an outrage," Symms said.
-Maralee Schwartz
SEP 23 '91 14:25
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE. 002
Boston Herald
DATE: 2/17/91
PAGE:
13
AG Thornburgh recaptures political luster
By JOE BATTENFELD
He has helped shield Bush
and ANDREW MIGA
from the politically volatile
WASHINGTON - U.S. At-
S&L crisis by aggressively
torney General Richard Thorn-
pursuing convictions of key fig-
ures in the scandal.
burgh. one foot casually draped
When he arrived in the AG's
over his desktop, looks and
office at the early stages of the
talks like a man who has sur-
vived the nasty underside of
crisis, he said the agency was
"woefully undercapacitated" to
Washington politics.
handle the case load.
After a series of damaging
setbacks early on, Thornburgh
With the help of lawmakers
has emerged as a key player in
anxious to defuse political
the Bush administration - re-
damage to their own careers.
energizing an office plagued for
Thornburgh has received an in-
months by internal bickering.
fusion of new funds.
The AG's office this year
"These are not easy cases at
has embarked on an ambitious
all They involve very compli-
plan to crush organized crime
cated paper trails," he said.
and is expanding its role in pre-
"It's probably the biggest epi-
venting terrorist attacks as.a
demic of white collar crime the
result of the Gulf war.
RICHARD THORNBURGH
country's ever had to deal with
Thornburgh has also im-
Re-energized AG's office
It's going to take up to five
pressed Congress with his
years of additional prosecu-
track record on putting more
ington with the reputation of &
tions."
than 800 savings-and-loan
rising leader in the Republican
party and a future presidential
The next challenge for
crooks in fall Lawmakers have
contender.
Thornburgh promises to be
responded with increased fund-
His star. however, was
even more difficult - helping
ing for prosecuting S & L cases.
quickly shattered by & series of
prevent terrorists sympathetic
"We have fared very well in
blunders that included a leak to
to Iraq from gaining a foothold
the Department of Justice be-
the media about an alleged FBI
in the United States and other
cause of the high priority we've
put on law enforcement.'
probe of House Democratic
allied countries.
Thornburgh said in a recent in-
Whip Rep. William Gray of
- "It is a source of enormous
terview, his voice brimming
Pennsylvania.
concern to us," he said. "Eter-
with confidence.
The report proved false and
nal vigilance is the watch-
Thornburgh. who took over
two top Justice officials who
word."
led what critics called Thorn-
the AG's office in August 1988
burgh's "Pennsylvania mafia"
during the Reagan administra-
were reassigned. Thornburgh
has since rebounded with a
tion. has not always been so
publicly optimistic.
quiet but determined effort to
crack down on drug abuse and
Since be was reappointed by
white-collar criminals. He has
President Bush last year. the
also shown more of a willing-
former Pennsylvania governor
ness to rely on his staff - in-
has been through'a Washington
cluding two aides from Massa-
firestorm that might have un-
chusetts.
hinged other less stole politi-
Dan Eramian, a former top
clans.
GOP aide on Beacon Hill, now
Thornburgh came to Wash-
heads the Justice Department's
public-affairs office. Robert
Muclier, a highly respected
former prosecutor in the Boa-
ton U.S. Attorney's Office. was
tapped to run the Criminal
Division.
Thornburgh remains one of
President Bush's most trusted
and influential aides.
SEP
3
'91
10:03
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE. . 010
Sunday Patriot-News, Watrisburg, P2, Issuary 18, 1987 C
Pennsylvania
Thornburgh says farewell,
maintain government integrity'
By David Stellfox
Sunday Patriot-News
Two-term Gov. Dick Thornburgh for-
"Working together, we have im-
mally said farewell to the people of Penn-
proved the quality of life for all.our citi-
sylvania last night in a speech delivered
zens, from those constituting the largest
before TV cameras in Harrisburg.
rural population of any state in the nation,
In the 15-minute speech, Thornburgh
to those of our great urban centers of
reviewed the legislative agenda he
Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, each now
brought with him to Harrisburg eight
rated among the top five most livable cit-
years ago and spoke of accomplishments
ies In the country."
achieved by his administration in each
Thornburgh claimed substantial victo-
area.
He said one of the challenges facing
ry "in ridding Pennsylvania of its reputa-
Pennsylvania is to "maintain integrity in
tion for official wrongdoing."
"We still must do more," he said, not-
government."
Noting his 1978 inaugural promise to
ing the conviction of state Treasurer R.
bring integrity, frugality and justice to the
Budd Dwyer last month on II counts in a
state, Thornburgh said he is "content that
bribery-conspiracy scandal. and allega-
tions of wrongdoing in the judiciary and
we left our state in better shape than we
found it."
City Council in Philadelphia.
He said his own code of conduct for
"I would submit, with considerable
administration officials, which calls for
pride and pleasure, that, working togeth-
immediate suspension without pay for an
er. we have made substantial progress in
indictment, and immediate firing upon
many areas," Thornburgh said.
conviction, should be extended to cover
He said the state has emerged from
all elected state officials in the executive,
"the most severe economic recession in
judicial and legislative branches.
the past 50 years with a stronger,
more diverse, and more future-oriented
"EACH ALLEGATION of wrongdoing
economy."
hurts our state's national reputation and
erodés the confidence of our citizens In
"EMPLOYMENT is at an all-time high
government and its leaders." Thornburgh
in Penasylvania, and unemployment is at
said.
a 12-year low," he said.
In the same vein. Thornburgh put In a
Thornburgh said both corporate and
plug for merit selection rather than elec-
individual income tax rates are lower than
tion of state-judges, and other changes in
when he assumed office.
the judiciary. which he said "are neces-
"Coupled with an improved economy,
sary in order to give Pennsylvanians con-
Pennsylvania this year is generating its
fidence in the fairness and equity of our
third sizable state surplus in a row," he
court system."
"As I prepare to depart
I can think
said.
The outgoing governor said education-
of no more important challenge. facing
al programs have been improved for stu-
Pennsylvania than to maintain integrity in
dents from grade school to graduate
government and to improve our judici-
school.
ary," Thornburgh said.
Noticeably absent in Thornburgh's
FROM HUMAN services to transpor-
roll call of accomplishments and unfin-
tation to the fight against crime, Thorn-
ished business were his years of effort to
burgh cited advances or improvements in
dismantle the state's monoply over the
the past eight years in which Pennsylva-
sale of wine and liquor.
nians have demonstrated the ability to
Thornburgh closed by thanking the
"turn worry into hope. problems into
people of Pennsylvania "for the opportu-
progress."
nity to serve a state which I love, and a
people whom I cherish."
SEP 3 '91 10:02
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE. 008
Thornburgh Reflections
Tribune Review 12-22-86-PA6
Most Pennsylvanians will remember Dick Thornburgh as
an excellent governor. He put the Commonwealth house in
order. He cleaned up a considerable amount of corruption
and incompetence. Thornburgh helped the state weather
some very difficult economic storms while keeping the books
balanced. Penn DOT and other agencies were greatly im-
proved.
But Pennsylvanians were unwilling to reward his manage-
rial partner in all of this. Bill Scranton failed to follow in his
footsteps. But Scranton was not looked on as a close, "mana-
gerial partner." The two men simply did not look like a team.
In fact, internal communications within the Thornburgh
crew were not impressive. Somehow, the governor came.
across as an aloof and somewhat isolated manager. He surely
wasn't the consumate politician, using his power to build par-
ty strength. For example, he surely did not master the ap.
pointments process. He was unable to handle the disgraceful
Liquor Control Board and he blew the Three Mile Island deal
way out of proportion.
Athough he wasn't a particularly dynamic governor, he
surely kept the state moving forward through rough times.
He kept building and improving (massive advances in road
conditions, for example). He was also far more compassion-
ate than people gave him credit for - many increases in wel-
fare allotments, big improvements in education, and a solid
development in human services.
One of his most important accomplishments has been
overlooked. Using excellent external communications he
was able to keep public expectations of state government at
reasonable levels. He effectively educated people about
harsh Harrisburg realities. He restored a great deal of faith
in the executive branch.
Despite the illogical nature of his political world, Thorn-
burgh installed "business-like" approaches within govern-
ment. He also found ways to compromise with his Democrat
adversaries during the passage of legislation without com-
promising his principles.
Yes, Dick Thornburgh has made a very positive mark on
Pennsylvania history and deserves recognition for his ac-
complishments and our appreciation.
SEP
3
'91
10:02
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE. 009
Thornburgh leaves, but it's
unlikely he'll be forgotten
1-11-87
By Edwin Guthman
Edller of The Inguirer
For a stalwart Republican, Gov. Dick
Even his severest critics - and he has
governor's terms and earned the h
Thornburgh seems in terribly good spirits
plenty don't quibble about whether he
praise he gets today for PennDOT's overal:
as he prepares to turn Pennsylvania's most
kept his word. Foes and admirers use the
performance.
powerful office over to the Democrats next
same adjectives "decisive," "efficient,"
On the negative side there was an aloof-
week.
"perfectionist," "professional" "fiscally re-
ness about Thornburgh and a rigidness that
That may sound strange, politics being as
sponsible" - to describe how he shoul-
made his dealings with the legislature more
ruggedly partisan as they are in Pennsylva-
dered his duties.
difficult than they might have been. He was
nia, but he says. "I'm actually glad to be
When he took office, the state faced a $70
not unwilling to compromise but he drove a
moving on." and there are several reasons
million budget deficit. He leaves with the
hard bargain. And it took seven years to
to believe he's sincere in saying it.
settle a dispute with the Democrats over
For one thing. he knows the man who is
control of the Pennsylvania Turnpike Com-
replacing him. He and Gov.-elect Robert-P
mission that delayed extensive construc-
Casey fought side by side during the 1967
tion involving work for about 18,000 per-
Constitutional Convention in drafting the
sons.
Judicial Reform Article.
There was his controversial welfare re-
Despite wearing different party labels,
form - dubbed "Thornfare" - that he
Thornburgh and Casey have in common a
asserts saved the taxpayers money while
tough-minded, no-nonsense approach to
increasing payments to some recipients, but
public administration and both are stick-
which critics say was not what it was
ters for honesty and integrity in govern-
cracked up to be and caused an increase in
ment, so Thoraburgh has some respect for
the number of houreless people.
Casey.
And Thornburgh is the first to admit that
And though Thornburgh isn't saying
his inability to overcome entrenched oppo-
what he's going to do if he's decided
sition from the judiciary. the trial lawyers,
beyond spending "a week in the woods"
the labor unions and the Catholic Church
with his wife, Ginny. it's clear at age 54.
to judicial reform. particularly merit selec-
with a background as a practicing lawyer.
tion of judges. is the biggest piece of unfin-
U.S. attorney. deputy U.S. attorney general
ished business that he is leaving behind.
and governor. he's not lacking for attrac-
But nobody bats 1,000. THIS certainly not
tive offers.
anyone who must deal with the enormous
"I haven't pinned down all the specifics."
burdens and problems of high public office.
he says, "but I'm going to continue playing
And Thornburgh always will have my re-
my favorite sport."
spect for his cool, sure response to the
What's that?
nuclear crisis at Three Mile Island.
"Politics."
He was only in office 72 days. He was
He says the word with what seems like
without either detailed knowledge of the
uncharacteristic ebullience. Maybe it's =
state's emergency machinery or any scien-
declaration of sorts that he doesn't intend
Gov. Dick Thornburgh
tifle training. and being the first chief
to slide into oblivion as his predecessor,
executive to look into the nuclear abyss, he
Democrat Milton Shapp. did, and already
state rolling up its third successive surplus
there's backroom talk that Thornburgh will
in excess of $200 million, with 15,000 fewer
had no precedents to guide him.
That was a moment of truth - the kind of
be the Republican candidate for governor
employees on the state payroll and with
crisis that fully tests a leader'sjudgment. To
in 1990.
personal income and corporate taxes re-
his everlasting credit, he made the right
Finally, Thornburgh is leaving office
duced.
decisions and emerged with his credibility
with the knowledge that public opinion
And nothing marked his management
intact - in contrast to the federal govern-
polling in the election campaign last fall
style more than what he did to bring the
ment and the nuclear Industry- and there-
gave him a 70 percent approval rating and
patronage-loaded Pennsylvania Department
after remained a constructive skeptic about
with the inner satisfaction that he gave the
of Transportation out of a pit of corruption
nuclear safety assurances.
job his best shot.
and infirmity. With roads and bridges
Last October, Thornburgh. wearing a T-
Eight tough years have come and gone
across the state in deplorable condition. he
shirt. red beret and a gold earring, sang a
since he first took the oath of office as
hired a transportation expert. Thomas D.
rap song for the audience at the capital
Pennsylvania's 41st governor and in frugal
Larson, to head the department and ended
journalists' annual Gridiron dinner.
Inaugural and in an unusually short insu-
the time-honored practice that allowed
That was Thornbugh, the no-nonsense,
gural address, pledged:
county political chairmen of the party in
steely-eyed guy who constantly demanded
to bring this administration an integ-
power to have a large voice in hiring Penn-
excellence from his staff?
rity that battles all corruption and tolerates
DOT workers.
It seems he's leaving Cosey more than one
no conflict of interest. We promise a frugal-
That angered the pols no end. but Thorn-
hard act to follow
ity that insists on a dollar's worth of service
burgh stuck to his guns. Larson remained
for every tax dollar spent."
transportation secretary through both the
SEP
3
'91
10:04
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE 011
Research group
hails Thornburgh
Morning
11-13-87
economic plan
By SCOTT AIGES
States News Service
WASHINGTON Pennsylvania's
The EPI, a research group found-
Ben Franklin Partnership for eco-
but figures showing improvement
ed in 1986. considers itself a liberal
nomic development places it with
after his tenure are few and far be-
alternative to conservative think
Massachusetts and Michigan as the
tween The Ben Franklin Partner-
tanks such as the Heritage Founda-
industrial states that have made the
ship helped some firms attract $61.4
tion.
greatest strides toward reviving
million in venture capital invest-
their economies. according to a re-
The report applauds the Republi-
ments between 1982 and 1986, the re-
port released here yesterday.
can administration of Thornburgh
port says, "but its role is to acceler-
The report. commissioned by the
for relying on the state's own re-
ate developments already under
Economic Policy Institute. examines
sources rather than federal pro-
way in the marketplace - and even
state economic programs developed
grams. It calls the Ben Franklin
in that role. its impact will only be-
under the administration of former
Partnership "arguably the best sin-
come clear over a 10-20 year peri-
od."
Republican Gov. Richard Thorn-
gle state economic development pro-
burgh in Pennsylvania. and current
gram in the country."
The report praises the Ben
Democratic Govs. Michael Dukakis
Franklin Partnership at length for
The Partnership. developed in
in Massachusetts and James Blan-
matching business entrepreneurs
iyes. uses state money to help new
chard in Michigan.
with universities, especially Lehigh
companies start up. and encourages
University. But a number of prob-
"Economic Competitiveness: The
the state's universities to work with
lems can arise, as one businessman
States Take the Lead," argues that
new and existing companies to de-
is quoted as saying. "You're dealing
governors in the three states de-
velop "advanced technologies" spe-
with very, very bright people who
serve credit for aggressively involv-
cifically designed for commercial
are technically trained but who
ing state government in economic
applications.
don't understand the business side."
restructuring.
It has fostered the creation of
The report credits the business-
"In contrast with the federal gov-
new industries 1 Indeed. new indus-
academic cooperation. saying it
ernment's indifference toward U.S.
trial zones. such as the Route 202
helps faculty members focus on re-
industrial development, the study
corridor in Chester County. the re-
alistic applications of technology
found that states have not hesitated
port says.
rather than abstract theories,
to intervene in the marketplace to
"One of the things Thornburgh
help spur economic growth" accord-
On the other hand. participation
shows IS that not even Republicans
ing to a summary provided by the
of the state's universities has led to
are afraid to intervene when neces-
Economic Policy Institute.
a number of problems. Lehigh Uni-
sity dictates it" said Roger Hickey.
versity, for example. has gained ef-
The report reserves its harshest
EPTs associate director. "Republi-
fective control of the projects it has
criticism for the Reagan administra-
cans at the state level are less ideo-
tion. "Ronald Reagan owed his elec-
logically bound than the people in
worked on. "and participating busi-
tion to the deepening economic cri-
the White House."
nesses are suffocating in [university]
red tape and bureaucracy."
sis, but his solution was to reach
The report does not touch on the
back to the free-market myths of
Another major flaw the report
current administration of Democrat
the pre-industrial era." the report
Robert Casey. who has been in office
mentions is that Partnership funds
says.
are often allocated to the projects
since January 20. Thornburgh pro-
"Attempts by an emerging group
grams the report praised most. like
that promise to create the most jobs
in the short run, although that
of younger economists and politi-
the Ben Franklin Partnership. are
cians to advocate a government role
continuing under the present gover-
short-term approach was contrary
to the program's intent.
in 'industrial policy, it continues,
nor.
"were attacked not only by conser-
The report is slightly critical of
The report is loaded with statis-
vative ideologues. but also by more
the Thornburgh's emphasis on build-
tics on Pennsylvania's economic
traditional liberal economists."
ing up new industries at the expense
woes before Thoruburgh took office,
of more traditional ones like the
steel and coal industries. In the end.
however, the Ben Franklin Partner-
ship-is held up as model for other
states to adopt.
SEP 23 '91 14:34
FROM THORNBURGH FOR SENATE
PAGE 012
Research group
hails Thornburgh
morning
11-13-87
economic plan
By SCOTT AIGES
States News Service
WASHINGTON - Pennsylvania's
The EPL a research group found-
but figures showing improvement
Ben Franklin Partnership for eco-
ed in 1986. considers itself a liberal
after his tenure are few and far be-
nomic development places it with
alternative to conservative think
tween The Ben Franklin Partner-
Massachusetts and Michigan as the
tanks such as the Heritage Founda-
ship helped some firms attract $61.4
industrial states that have made the
tion.
greatest strides toward reviving
million in venture capital invest-
their economies, according to a re-
The report applauds the Republi-
ments between 1982 and 1986, the re-
port released here yesterday.
can administration of Thornburgh
port says, "but its role is to acceler-
The report. commissioned by the
for relying on the state's own re-
ate developments already under
Economic Policy Institute. examines
sources rather than federal pro-
way in the marketplace - and even
state economic programs developed
grams. It calls the Ben Franklin
in that role. its impact will only be-
Partnership "arguably the best sin-
come clear over a 10-20 year peri-
under the administration of former
od."
Republican Gov. Richard Thorn-
gle state economic development pro-
burgh in Pennsylvania. and current
gram in the country."
The report praises the Ben
Democratic Govs. Michael Dukakis
Franklin Partnership at length for
The Partnership. developed in
in Massachusetts and James Blan-
matching business entrepreneurs
iroz, uses state money to help new
chard in Michigan.
with universities, especially Lehigh
companies start up. and encourages
University. But a number of prob-
"Economic Competitiveness: The
the state's universities to work with
lems can arise, as one businessman
States Take the Lead," argues that
new and existing companies to de-
is quoted as saying, "You're dealing
governors in the three states de-
velop "advanced technologies" spe-
with very, very bright people who
serve credit for aggressively involv-
cifically designed for commercial
are technically trained but who
ing state government in economic
applications.
don't understand the business side."
restructuring.
It has fostered the creation of
The report credits the business-
"In contrast with the federal gov-
new industries 1 indeed. new indus-
academic cooperation, saying it
ernment's indifference toward U.S.
trial zones. such as the Route 202
helps faculty members focus on re-
industrial development, the study
corridor in Chester County. the re-
alistic applications of technology
found that states have not hesitated
port says.
rather than abstract theories,
to intervene in the marketplace to
"One of the things Thornburgh
help spur economic growth." accord-
On the other hand, participation
shows 15 that not even Republicans
of the state's universities has led to
ing to a summary provided by the
are afraid to intervene when neces-
Economic Policy Institute.
a number of problems. Lehigh Uni-
sity dictates it." said Roger Rickey.
EPI's associate director. "Republi-
versity, for example, has gained et-
The report reserves its harshest
fective control of the projects it has
criticism for the Reagan administra-
cans at the state level are less ideo-
tion. "Ronald Reagan owed his elec-
logically bound than the people in
worked on. "and participating busi-
tion to the deepening economic cri-
the White House."
nesses are suffocating in [university]
red tape and bureaucracy."
sis. but his solution was to reach
The report does not touch on the
back to the free-market myths of
Another major flaw the report
current administration of Democrat
the'pre-industrial era," the report
Robert Casey. who has been in office
mentions is that Partnership funds
says.
since January 20. Thornburgh pro-
are often allocated to the projects
that promise to create the most jobs
"Attempts by an emerging group
grams the report praised most. like
in the short run. although that
of younger-economists and politi-
the Ben Franklin Partnership. are
short-term approach was contrary
cians to advocate a government role
continuing under the present gover-
to the program's intent.
in "industrial policy, it continues,
nor.
"were attacked not only by conser-
The report is slightly critical of
The report is loaded with statis-
vative ideologues. but also by more
the Thornburgh's emphasis on build-
tics on Pennsylvania's economic
traditional liberal economists."
ing up new industries at the expense
woes before Thornburgh took office.
of more traditional ones like the
steel and coal industries. In the end,
however. the Ben Franklin Partner-
ship is held up as model for other
states to adopt.
Extended Page
2.1
HYEIS
WHICH
Elevation:
the Ohio River in Southwestern Pennsylvania
1,223 feet
Founded:
1758
Incorporated:
1816
City Population:
369,879
Allegheny County Population:
1,336,449
Regional* Population:
2,242,798
City Land Area:
55.0 square miles
Allegheny County Land Area:
730.8 square miles
Regional Land Area:
3,866.7 square miles
Regional Labor Force:
1,051,800
Largest Regional Industry:
Services (323,300 employed)
Largest Regional Employer:
United States Government (20,987 employed)
Largest City Employer:
University of Pittsburgh (10,236 employed)
Pennsylvania Personal Income Tax:
2.1%
Local Wage Tax:
2.875% for City of Pittsburgh residents, 1% for most suburban residents
State Sales Tax:
6%
Retail Sales (1990):
$14.04 billion
Per Capita Income (1989):
$17,455
Crime Index (1989):
3,393.5 offenses per 100,000 population (national average: 5,741.0)
Consumer Price Index (1990):
128.2 (national average: 132.6)
"Throughout the publication, unless otherwise noted, regional denotes Allegheny, Bcaver, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties.
Southwestern Pennsylvania Counties
Land
Total
American
Asian &
Area
Housing
Total
Indian/
Pacific
Other
(sq. mi.)
Units
Population
White
Black
Eskimo/Aleut
Islander
Races
Allegheny
730.8
580,738
1,336,449
1,169,452
149,550
1,452
13,469
2,526
Armstrong
656.5
31,757
73,478
72,727
566
59
81
45
Beaver
441,1
76,336
186,093
174,759
10,475
203
377
279
Butler
789.3
59,061
152,013
150,407
810
109
545
142
Fayette
802.2
61,406
145,351
139,773
5,116
139
219
104
Greene
579.6
15,982
39,550
38,948
377
69
112
44
Lawrence
363.0
38,844
96,246
92,896
2,915
61
274
100
Washington
863.6
84,113
204,584
196,810
6,786
201
543
244
Westmoreland
1,029.0
153,554
370,321
361,103
6,930
262
1,566
460
Source: 1990 Census
1
80210 yrs. - Steel major employer
No longer so
SEP-24-1991
14:41
FROM
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.03/26
Regional Goods-Producing Employment
(thousands)
Durable
Nondurable
Total Manufacturing
Construction & Mining
1980
203.4
45.4
248.8
59.4
1981
199.2
45.3
244.5
54.9
1982
157.6
42.9
200.5
52.1
1983
131.0
41.0
172.1
47.2
1984
125.6
40.5
166.1
48.3
1985
114.0
38.8
152.8
49.0
1986
101.9
37.8
139.9
51.0
1987
95.6
38.1
133.7
50.5
1988
96.2
38.5
134.7
48.5
1989
94.4
37.9
132.3
49.4
1990
90.7
38.0
128.7
50.6
Source: Bureau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
Fastest Growing
Occupations
Estimated
Estimated
1984
1995
Percent
Occupation
Employment
Employment
Increase
1. Computer
Programmers
3,183
5,227
64.2%
2.
Paralegal
Personnel
550
903
64.2%
3. Medical
Assistants
1,041
1,549
48.8%
4. Social Welfare
Largest Regional
Service Aides
1,425
2,037
42.9%
5. Computer Sys-
Employers
tems Analysts
2,871
4,057
41.3%
Employees
Statistics do not include Beaver County.
Source: Bureau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
Locally
1. United States Government
20,987
2. Westinghouse Electric
16,000
3. USAir
12,000
*
4. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 11,325
5. University of Pittsburgh
10,236
*
6. Mellon Bank
8,505
*
7. Allegheny County
8,000
E
conomy
In the 1980's the Pittsburgh region underwent a successful economic
(next Dg)
SEP-24-1991 14:49 FROM CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.01/06
A
dvanced Technology
More than 800 firms and 85,000 people are involved in advanced tech-
nology in the Pittsburgh region. This strong research tradition stems
from the city's corporate, university and health care infrastructure and
focuses on four primary areas: software engineering, industrial automa-
tion, advanced materials and biornedical technology.
Company Employment
Year of Establishment
Primary Business Activities
2%
Manufactu rind Equipment
Photonics
1%
Source: Pittsburgh High Technology Council
Hirtech
Technology Services 40%
industries,
retweighing all else
Comple Software 21%
Industry /Autonation110
10
SEP-24-1991
14:50
FROM
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.02/06
E
conomy
(continued)
Regional Service-Producing Employment
(thousands)
Finance
Transportation
Insurance
Wholesale &
& Public
Year
Real Estate
Service
Retail Trade
Government
Utilities
1980
47.7
220.6
219.3
128.9
60.1
1981
48.4
227.4
221.0
123.4
57.7
1982
48.7
234.1
214.4
116.9
55.1
1983
50.1
236.7
214.7
116.1
53.2
1984
50.9
244.1
218.7
113.6
54.0
1985
51.8
253.7
224.3
114.6
51.0
1986
53.4
263.7
224.4
112.3
49.9
1987
55.3
276.7
227.0
112.4
50.8
1988
53.9
291.1
233.5
113.8
53.0
1989
55.5
306.6
237.6
114.1
54.7
1990
57.0
323.3
237.3
114.3
59.4
Source: Bureau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
Regional Service Sector Employment (thousands)
Miscellaneous Repair
Statistics are from private sector only. September 1990.
Source: Bureau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
6
Extended Page
3.1
transition, shifting from heavy mdustry to corporate services, light man-
MM
ufacturing, advanced technology, education and health care. Today,
unemployment rates are consistently below state and national levels,
and the region is preparing for additional economic growth that will
follow the October 1992 opening of a new $690 million airport facility.
Regional Unemployment Rate
Unemployment Rate (%)
Labor Force
Employment
Year
(thousands)
(thousands)
Unemployment
1980
1,078.2
996.3
7.6%
1981
1,084.5
998.2
7.9%
1982
1,087.1
948.3
12.8%
1983
1,073.9
916.0
14.7%
1984
1,034.9
918.2
11.3%
1985
1,023.2
926.0
9.5%
1986
1,022.6
940.8
8.0%
1987
1,012.1
942.6
6.9%
1988
1,025.6
964.8
5.9%
1989
1,043.0
993.8
4.7%
1990
1,051.8
999.3
5.0%
Source: Burcau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
Regional Employment by Industry
(thousands)
1990
1985
1980
1975
Total Jobs
971.0
898.0
986.1
929.2
Goods-Producing
179.2
201.8
308.2
313.8
Primary and Fabricated Metals
40.1
51.3
108.9
124.2
Other Manufacturing
88.5
101.5
139.9
134.8
Construction and Mining
50.6
49.0
59.4
54.8
Service-Producing
791.8
696.2
677.9
615.4
Services
323.3
253.7
220.6
179.2
Finance, Insurance and Real Estate
57.0
51.8
47.7
42.1
Retail Trade
182.0
171.8
165.1
148.1
Other Service-Producing
229.5
218.9
244.5
246.0
Source: Bureau of Research and Statistics, PA Department of Labor and Industry
5
SEP-24-1991
14:51
FROM
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.03/06
E
conomy
(continued)
Fortune 500 Companies
Fortune
1990 Sales
Rank
Company
(millions)
Forbes 500
19
USX
$19,462.0
Companies
33
Westinghouse Electric
$12,915.0
43
Alcoa
$10,865.
Alcoa
86
PPG Industries
$6,118.4
Allegheny Ludlum
Consolidated Natural Gas
87
H.J. Heinz
$6,112.4
DQE
89
Bayer USA
$5,903.7
Equimark
180
National Steel
$2,507.6
H.J. Heinz
Integra Financial
304
Cyclops Industries
$1,199.2
Mellon Bank
332
Allegheny Ludlum
$1,084.9
National Intergroup
PNC Financial
368
Sunbeam/Oster
$880.0
PPG Industries
479
Robertson-Ceco
$582.6
USX
490
Joy Technologies
$562.6
Westinghouse Electric
Source: Fortune, April 22, 1991
Source: Forbes, April 29, 1991
Largest Privately Held Firms
Fiscal 1989 Sales
(thousands)
Employees
1. Giant Eagle
$1,850,000
11,000
2. Hillman Company
$1,600,000
130
3. Servistar
$1,072,000
1,360
4. 84 Lumber
$788,000
16,000
5. J&L Specialty Products
$773,800
306
Includes Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Washington and Westmoreland counties.
Source: Pittsburgh Business Times 1991 Book of Business Lists
Largest Area Banks and Bank Holding Companies
Total Assets
Number of
Number of
(thousands)
Locations
Employees
1. PNC Financial
$45,700,000
535
18,000
2, Mellon Bank
$29,400,000
384
15,500
3. Integra Financial
$7,641,000
226
4,000
4. Equimark
$3,462,271
85
2,155
5. Dollar Bank
$2,450,254
52
1,090
Source: Pittsburgh Business Times 1991 Book of Business Lists
8
SEP-24-1991
14:52
FROM
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
TO
92024566218
P.04/06
History
Pittsburgh's emergence as an industrial powerhouse
began simply with three rivers and land rich in natu-
Paralleling these physical changes in the region were
ral resources.
major economic shifts. In the early 1980s the coun-
Some of the first inhabitants of the area were the
try's domestic steel industry collapsed, causing major
Shawnee, Seneca, Delaware and Iroquois Indians,
upheavals in Pittsburgh's manufacturing sector,
Unemployment soared in 1983 to 14.7 percent, and
who had left the area by 1754. That year, Pittsburgh's
many residents moved out of the region in search of
first settlement was erected - Virginia's Fort Prince
employment opportunities.
George.
Civic and corporate leaders again banded together
The French, who also recognized the military impor-
to solve these economic problems. By building upon
tance of the area's three rivers, destroyed this first fort
existing strengths in medicine, advanced technology,
four months after its completion and erected Fort
corporate services and education, the region's unem-
Duquesne. In 1758, Creat Britain destroyed Fort Du-
ployment rate declined by almost 10 percent in just
quesne and built the last fort to stand at this point-
seven years. Internationally Pittsburgh is now consid-
Fort Pitt, named after Prime Minister William Pitt.
ered the prototype of an industrial city that success-
A town, incorporated as Pittsburgh in 1816, devel-
fully managed an economic transition while main-
oped around the fort. Many travelers venturing west
taining a high quality of life for its citizens.
via the Ohio River began using Pittsburgh as their
starting point. The town's infant economy was fueled
by these early adventurers.
Renaissance I Highlights
In the mid-1800s, industry began to develop rapidly
Smoke Control Legislation
in Pittsburgh, particularly glassmaking and ironworks.
Flood Control Measures
By the latter part of the century, Pittsburgh factories
Gateway Center
were producing half of the world's glass and iron,
Point State Park
two-thirds of the nation's crucible steel and almost all
Greater Pittsburgh International Airport
of the world's oil.
Penn Lincoln Expressway
Before, during and after the two World Wars,
Civic Arena
Pittsburgh's steelmaking industry exploded with
Three Rivers Stadium
growth and further positioned the region as the
USX Tower
industrial center of the world. City leaders, however,
Allegheny Center
were concerned that the region's deplorable environ-
Mellon Square
mental conditions following this boom would deter
Oliver Plaza
future economic and population growth.
In the late 1940s, Mayor David Lawrence, financier
Richard King Mellon and many of the city's corporate
Renaissance II Highlights
and civic leaders banded together in one of the
David L. Lawrence Convention Center
nation's first urban renewal projects. The major
PPG Place
results of this $500 million Renaissance I included
One Mellon Bank Center
flood control, air pollution control, highway develop-
One Oxford Centre
ment and elimination of the downtown industrial
Chatham Center II
blight.
Liberty Center
A similar urban renewal program, dubbed Renais-
Fifth Avenue Place
sance II, started in the late 1970s under the leader-
CNG Tower
ship of Mayor Richard Caliguiri. This $2.4 billion
Light Rail Transit and Subway System
plus program resulted in the addition of nine
North Shore Development
million square feet of new or rehabilitated office
Pittsburgh Technology Center
space, revitalized inner-city neighborhoods and an
Riverfront Center
upgraded infrastructure.
Station Square
4
Peggn- -
There is same
good stuff KEY POINTS SUMMARY - PENNSYLVANIA REPUBLICAN PARTY SURVEY
in here !!
4am
Methodology
Eight hundred (800) registered voters were interviewed in Pennsylvania by Public Opinion
Strategies on June 16-18, 1991. The survey was stratified by county according to current voter
registration, with each county proportionately represented in the sample. The margin of error
of this survey is + 3.46% in 95 out of 100 cases. This means that if this survey were
replicated, the results would be within three and one-half percentage points 95 times out of 100.
Finally, to assure a non-biased sample, the survey results were weighted to party registration in
the state (51% Democrat - 44% Republican).
This summary will review the six specific objectives of the survey:
1.
Measure the current political environment in the state, including the mood of the
electorate, issues of concern to voters, and perception of which party can better
handle problems facing Pennsylvania.
2.
Determine the name awareness and favorability ratings of numerous political
figures through name identification measures.
3.
Examine voter perceptions regarding Governor Casey.
4.
Assess public opinion regarding the abortion issue.
5.
Test voter intentions in U.S. Senate special election trial heat.
6.
Solicit anonymous advice from voters for the state Republican party.
What is biggest employee in Pittsburgh ?
How bad is economy
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 2
1. CURRENT POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
Mood of the State
The mood of voters in Pennsylvania is extremely negative, with 61% saying the state is seriously
off on the wrong track, and just 23% saying it is headed in the right direction. While these
results evidence strong pessimism in the state, they are probably not unlike other Northeast states
undergoing similar budget woes. For example, in a study just recently completed in
Connecticut, 73% of those polled believed the state was seriously off on the wrong track,
compared to 17% who responded "right direction."
Nevertheless, these results do not bode well for the state Democratic party; when voters are
pessimistic they are most likely to vote for change and to throw out the status quo. This
sentiment for change cuts across all demographic, political, and geographic groups tested on the
survey.
Key findings on this question include:
Older voters (35+) are considerably more pessimistic (20%-66%) about the
direction of the state than are their younger counterparts (33%-48%). This holds
true for both men and women, as well as for both Republican and Democrat
younger voters.
Unlike most other states, there is no statistical difference between the opinions of
registered Republicans (23%-60%) and registered Democrats (24%-63%) on this
question, indicating that disaffection with the direction of the state has reached the
Governor's own political party.
Those voters who believe that the top priorities of the state should be budget and
taxes are most likely to believe the state is headed on the wrong track (68%).
These results help set the tone for the remainder of the survey and begin to describe a political
environment in the state very favorable to the GOP.
Mood of Local Communities
Despite the very pessimistic tenor of voters about the direction of the state, they nevertheless
remain optimistic about the direction of their local communities, with 55% believing their local
areas are headed in the right direction, and 38% believing they have pretty seriously gotten off
on the wrong track.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 3
This finding is not all that unusual, but reinforces the argument that voters are dissatisfied with
what is going on in Harrisburg, not in their local communities.
Those most optimistic include higher income voters (60%), Republicans. (59%), and voters living
in Pittsburgh (60%), Harrisburg/Lancaster (72%), and the Southeast (65%).
Most Important Problem Facing the State
It is no surprise that economic issues dominate voters' agenda in the state, with 50% citing
pocketbook issues as the ones they are most concerned about. The most often mentioned issue
was high taxes (17%), followed by unemployment (13%), budget deficits (12%), and the
economy/recession (5%). Social issues, which comprised 27% of the mentions, were led by
education (6%), drugs (5%), and aid to the elderly (4%). Governor Casey himself was cited
by 3% of the respondents as the state's top problem.
Key findings on this question include:
While men and women tend to cite economic issues at about the same rate,
working women (57%) are more apt to focus on this pocketbook cluster, while
non-working women more frequently mention social issues (36%).
Those voters who believe the state is headed in the right direction are also less
apt to cite economic issues as the state's most pressing problem. Keeping in
mind that younger voters are more optimistic about the state, it makes sense that
these voters (under 35) are more concerned than other voters about social issues
such as drugs, education and the environment.
While there is little difference between Republicans and Democrats in the overall
findings on this question, it is nevertheless interesting to note that the issues of
jobs and budget deficits are not parallel in their relative importance to these
voters. Democrats rate jobs the number one economic issue, and the budget
deficit third, compared to Republicans who rate taxes and deficit tied for first,
with jobs third.
There are tremendous differences in the issue priorities of white and black voters
in the state, with white voters focusing on economic issues (53%), and blacks
overwhelmingly on social issues (62%, with 33% saying drugs).
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 4
With the exception of Philadelphia, which is evenly divided between economic
and social issues, there are no significant regional differences between the other
seven areas of the state.
The results to this question demonstrate that, while there is valid concern about issues such as
drugs, education and the environment, during difficult economic times these issues recede from
voters' priorities, again reinforcing the predominance of pocketbook issues as the most salient
at election time.
Top Priority Facing Governor and State Legislature
When voters are read a list of six issues and asked which should be the top priority of the
Governor and the state legislature, improving the quality of education (24%) edges out balancing
the state's budget (23%). Other priorities included holding the line on taxes (17%), addressing
crime and drug problems (16%), improving the environment (6%), and improving the state's
roads (3%).
These results have to be considered surprising due to the predominance of pocketbook issues in
the previous open-ended issue question, and given the vast coverage of the state's budget
problems in the weeks preceding this survey.
Focusing on education, this issue is more of a concern to younger voters, those with higher
household incomes, union members, pro-choice voters, and those voters living in the
Johnstown/Altoona ADI.
Regionally, voters in the state's central region show more concern about the state budget, while
those in the Philadelphia area are most worried about crime and drugs.
President Bush Job Approval
President Bush enjoys a 69% job approval rating in the state, with an impressive 35% of the
electorate who strongly approve of the job he's doing. Generally, the strong approval figure is
the single best indicator of hard-core committed support for an incumbent, and ratings above
30% are extremely positive.
As one might expect, Bush scores his most intense support among younger voters, and trails off
in strong approval to 26% among seniors. This trend holds true regardless of party and for both
men and women.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 5
His overall approval among Democrats is 59%-34%, with 19% strongly approving. (As an
aside, Bush has a higher approval figure in the state among Democrats than does Casey.)
Other key results include:
Black voters disapprove by a 52-39% score, with 34% strongly disapproving.
By ADI, Bush receives his lowest levels of support in Pittsburgh (66%-29%, with
26% strongly approving) and Philly (68%-25%, 32%).
State Legislature Job Approval
Voters in Pennsylvania are deadlocked over the way the state legislature is handling its job
42% approve and 42% disapprove. More importantly, however, is the fact that just 6% strongly
approve while 20% strongly disapprove. These figures are not at all unlike the national opinion
disapproval. regarding Congress' job handling: a mixed outlook, with soft approval and a hard base of
It is important to note that, although more voters disapprove of the job that Casey is doing, the
state legislative approval score is exactly the same as Casey's. This tends to make one believe
that voters may be willing to blame both Casey and the state legislature for the state's fiscal
state legislative races in the 1992 election.
woes. The more that this happens, the more likely a "throw the bums out" attitude will impact
Key findings on this question include:
There are both gender and generational differences on this question; women
(44%-35%) and younger voters (48%-38%) approve of the job the state
legislature is doing, while men (39%-50%) and seniors (29%-43%) disapprove.
There is not a significant partisan difference on this measure; Republicans
disapprove by 39%-44%), while Democrats approve by (45%-39%).
A plurality of voters who cite budget and taxes as government's top priority
disapprove of the legislature's job handling, while voters mentioning social issues
approve.
The state legislature is viewed most favorably in the Wilkes-Barre and
Philadelphia media markets, and receives less than 40% approval in the Erie,
Johnstown/Altoona and Pittsburgh media markets.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 6
Political Party Better Able to Handle State's Problems
By a 38%-33% margin, voters in the state believe the GOP is better able to handle the state's
problems rather than the state Democratic party. This is very significant due to 51%-44% party
registration margin Democrats have in Pennsylvania. Comparing registration to these results,
Republicans are outperforming the party registration figure by twelve points. Further, the
results demonstrate that, while faith in the GOP does not exceed its registration base in the state,
Democrats fall far below their registration base on this measure.
While both parties drop from their registration percentages on this question, Democrats fall
across the board among the different age groups, while Republicans drop most significantly
among older voters rather than their younger counterparts. In fact, younger voters account for
much of the overall five-point edge the GOP holds over the Democrats on this measure.
By ADI, Republicans hold an edge in Philly (38%-32%), Johnstown/Altoona (41%-19%),
Harrisburg/Lancaster (56%-23%), and Erie (59%-23%*).
Cross-referencing this question with which issue voters cite as the top priority for the Governor
and state legislature, it becomes clear that the GOP is strongest among those voters who cite
budget priorities (47%-25%) rather than taxes (two point edge), education (three point edge),
or crime/drugs (15 point deficit).
Overall, these results are very encouraging for the GOP, and while they do not yet indicate
behavioral changes in the electorate, they do demonstrate a real opportunity to solidify perceived
partisan gains.
Party Handling Series
When voters are asked to rate which party can better handle each of six problems facing the
state, the GOP holds its largest leads over the Democrats on the budget (19 point lead) and taxes
(16 points). Of the six issues tested, the GOP also leads on crime/drugs, while in a virtual dead
heat with the Democrats on education and roads, and loses by 13 points on the environment.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 7
The full results to this series are as follows:
GOP
DEM
Balancing the state's budget
47%
28%
Holding the line on taxes
46%
30%
Addressing the crime and
drug problems in the state
37%
31%
Improving the state's roads
33%
33%
Improving the quality of education
35%
36%
Improving the environment in Pennsylvania
27%
40%
Throughout the crosstabs on this series, it is clear that registered Republicans have more faith
in their party's ability to handle issues than do Democrats. That is especially true among
disaffected Democrats, that is, those Democrats who disapprove of the job that Bob Casey is
doing. While these voters still give their party wide margins of confidence on education,
environment, roads and, to a lesser extent, crime/drugs, they give their party very narrow votes
of confidence on the key issues of budget (four points) and taxes (eight points).
Further, every region of the state except the southwest gives the GOP an edge on the state's
budget, while all but Allegheny and the southwest do so on taxes.
These results once again reinforce the salience of the economic issue cluster in the state and the
opportunity the state GOP has to stake out important ground in an effort to win support from
disaffected Democrats.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 13
3. PERCEPTION OF GOVERNOR CASEY
Name Identification
Governor Bob Casey is perceived favorably by 42% of those polled, and unfavorably by 44%,
for an unusual 0.9-1 name ID ratio. As low as Casey's image is currently, there are just two
demographic groups preventing his ratings from plummeting ever further -- younger voters and
blacks. Younger voters (those under 35), are favorable to Casey by a 53%-31% margin, while
older voters are unfavorable by 38%-49%. Blacks, on the other hand, are favorable to Casey
by a 62%-27% score, while whites rate him at 40%-47%.
These findings indicate both a challenge and an opportunity for the GOP -- the challenge being
to hold onto younger voters, who are both more positive about the direction of the state and
Governor Casey, but who also tend to register as Republicans. The opportunity for the GOP
is among older voters, who are dissatisfied with both the direction of the state and Governor
Casey, but still hold strongly to their Democratic partisanship.
Other key findings on this question show:
Casey is not rated particularly well by voters in either political party; Republicans
are negative toward him by a 36%-51% score, while Democrats are positive by
a narrow 47%-40% margin.
Union members are unusually negative toward Casey, rating him 35%-51%,
compared to non-union members at 44%-43%.
Single-issue pro-choice voters are significantly more negative toward Casey
(34%-54%) than their pro-life counterparts (50%-41%).
By ADI, Casey's unfavorable rating surpasses the 50% level in every area of the
state except Philadelphia, where he enjoys a 54%-31% name ID score.
Job Approval
A majority of voters (52%) in Pennsylvania disapprove of the way Governor Casey is handling
his job, while 42% approve. Moreover, one-third (34%) of the electorate strongly disapproves,
whereas just 13% strongly approve. As mentioned previously, strong job approval is a key
indicator of an incumbent's relative strength; Governor Casey's measurement speaks for itself.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 14
Consistent with the findings on Casey's name ID, younger voters (52%-40%) and blacks (59%-
34%) form the backbone of Casey's strength.
Other key findings regarding his job approval:
A majority of voters in both parties disapprove of the job that Casey is doing as
Governor; 55% of Republicans disapprove, along with 50% of Democrats. In
fact, among Democrats, only younger partisans approve of his job handling.
Pro-choice Republicans are ardent in their opposition to Casey, with 61%
disapproving of the job he's doing and 44% strongly disapproving.
Casey has turned union members against him, receiving a 36%-59% job approval
from this predominantly registered Democrat group (59%-36%).
Among voters who believe the state's top priority is education or crime/drugs,
Casey rates well: 51%-45% and 56%-38%, respectively. However, among
voters most concerned about budget and taxes, Casey rates very poorly: 30%-
62% and 28%-66%, respectively.
Regionally, Casey enjoys a positive net approval in Philly (66%-30%), East
Central (55%-39%), and the Southeast (45%-44%), while voters in the rest of the
state rate him at 32%-62%.
Casey Budget Job Approval
Casey's overall job approval drops nine points when voters are asked about his handling of the
state's budget and fiscal matters, for an approval score of 33%-61%. Importantly, 43% of those
interviewed strongly disapprove of the job he's doing.
Casey's poor handling of this issue area is reflected by the finding that of the 74 demographic
residents. and regional groups tested, just two approved of the job he's doing -- blacks and Philly
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 15
Liarception
Casey Covered Up the Deficit or Telling the Truth?
By a 63%-27% margin, Pennsylvania voters believe that Governor Casey tried to cover up the
extent of the budget deficit in last year's election. This sentiment is held by voters regardless
of party, with 65% of Republicans and 62% of Democrats adhering to that proposition. The
only voters who believe that the Governor was telling the truth are those who believe the state
budget performance.
is headed in the right direction and those who approve of Casey's overall job performance or
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 16
4. PUBLIC OPINION REGARDING ABORTION ISSUE
Abortion Position -- Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice
When six different positions on the issue of abortion are read to voters, 53% choose positions
that can be categorized as pro-life and 40% as pro-choice. However, it is important to
remember that 54% of all voters position themselves in the middle two groups: legal in the cases
of rape, incest or to save the life of the mother (32%), and legal, but only during the first three
months of pregnancy (22%).
This poll finds 23% of the state's electorate on opposite ends of this abortion spectrum, with
11% believing abortion should be prohibited under all circumstances, and 12% saying it should
be allowed at any time during a woman's pregnancy.
These results are not all that different from national findings on this question, which generally
show a majority of Americans siding with pro-life issue positions.
Key findings on this question include:
There are tremendous differences on this question by age -- while younger voters
(both men and women) are fairly evenly divided (46% pro-life/48% pro-choice),
older voters are predominantly pro-life (59%-32%).
Lower income voters are more likely to be pro-life (65%-27%), while those with
higher incomes tend toward pro-choice positions (45%-50%).
A majority of voters in both political parties choose pro-life positions:
Republicans (56%), Democrats (51%), with older Democrats being especially
strong pro-life voters (60%-29%).
A plurality of voters in both Philly (48%-47%) and the Southeast (51%-41%) take
pro-choice positions on this question, while all other regions of the state are pro-
life, with the largest margin being in the Northeast (63%-24%).
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 17
Exactly one-third (33%) of voters in the state say that it is either extremely or very likely that
this issue alone will decide their vote on election day. As we have found nationally, and in
other states, the pro-life forces dominate the single issue voters, with definite single issue pro-
life voters outnumbering definite pro-choice single issue voters by a 12%-6% margin.
Interestingly, 23% of those who take pro-life positions claim to be single issue voters, compared
to just 15% of those who take pro-choice positions. Single issue voters tend to be women, older
voters and GOP women.
Abortion Position: Semantics vs. Circumstances
The difference between abortion issue positions and abortion rhetoric is clearly shown when
voters are asked whether they would describe their position on the issue as pro-life or pro-
choice. When put in these terms, pro-choicers outnumber pro-lifers by a slim 46%-43% margin.
In fact, fully 25% of voters who consider themselves pro-choice take a position that should
probably be considered pro-life (abortions prohibited - 1%, legal to save the life of the mother -
2%, and only in cases of rape, incest, and to save the life of the mother - 22%).
Obviously, voters are confused by the terms used and gravitate toward the choice terminology.
While these results are not unusual, they clearly indicate that pro-life candidates should address
this issue in terms of abortion "specifics," while pro-choice candidates should address this issue
in general rhetorical terms.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 19
6. ANONYMOUS ADVICE FOR THE STATE REPUBLICAN PARTY
Anonymous Advice to Republican Party
When voters are asked to offer some anonymous advice to the Republican party, voters focused
on many of the same issues that emerged earlier, most notably education (13%), lower taxes
(13%), and work on the budget (11%).
Other responses included help the people (9%), work on unemployment (8%), be honest (5%),
work on the drug problem (4%), work on crime (4%), be decisive (4%), work on environment
(4%), and provide welfare (4%).
Sample comments from this question are as follows:
taxes. Lower taxes. When you get to be 77 years old all you care about is lowering the
Quit taxing me.
Balance the budget. Question the taxes. You know, balance the budget to
minimize taxes.
Do something about the budget besides give out promises.
With social security and welfare such big issues, the average family is caught in
the middle.
The taxes that we pay aren't that high, but I can't figure out how we have such
a high deficit. I like Bob Casey, but I can't figure out what happened. Taxes are
going to go up and we are going to have to pay for them. Will that really get rid
of the deficit?
I think I would tell them to open their eyes and wake up. The state is going
down the drain. The budget is being mishandled and mismanaged.
Drive through Southwestern Pennsylvania and look around. What the can't
unemployment. understand is that people really are out of work and may not be drawing
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 20
To make security and safety of the people a top priority so people see benefits of
taxes. To get away from budget deficits so people aren't saddled with debts for
years and generations to come.
Make changes or opinions only after seeing what's going on in the world. Don't
make changes sitting behind a desk.
Don't worry about money as much as the people. Republicans tend to lean
towards the bucks.
I don't feel there are any problems as long as they get Bob Casey out of office.
Get a few more honest people in there and less hot-headed arrogant lawyers.
Tell the truth. Don't hide under the table like Governor Casey.
Cut out the waste. They spend our tax money on stupid things we don't use. We
wouldn't be in this mess if they didn't spend money like drunken sailors.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 21
SUMMARY
1.
Pessimism about the direction of the state and the state's fiscal problems dominate the
results of this survey and colors all of its findings with resulting lower voter confidence
in both Governor Casey and the Democratic party.
Further, voters appear more likely to place blame at the Governor's doorstep, especially
because they believe he lied about the budget deficit during last year's election campaign.
That, alone, makes it significantly more difficult to slough off the blame.
But, while Casey's unpopularity has not rubbed off on either Wofford or Singel, it is still
an open question as to whether it will effect other incumbent Democratic office holders
in the state. Obviously, those serving in the state legislature will be easier to hold
accountable, but those in county positions will be significantly more difficult.
But, perhaps the best approach for the GOP is not on a candidate by candidate basis, but
through a concerted statewide effort to encourage Democrats to either re-register as
Republicans, or simply vote that way, and the economic issue is the best message to use
with these voters.
(As an aside, you might want to consider completing a couple of focus groups with
disaffected Democrats to learn what would compel them to vote Republican and if they
would ever consider changing parties.)
2.
The pessimism in the state may extend to all incumbents, not just incumbent Democrat
officeholders, thereby endangering the tenuous GOP lead in the State Senate. Our
members (House and Senate) must be able to distance themselves from Casey's new taxes
and must be able to demonstrate to voters how they fought tooth and nail against the
bureaucratic bumbling in Harrisburg. Because it is inevitable that Casey and the
Democratic leadership will try to drag down the GOP Senate with it, it is imperative that
our leadership is able to effectively draw the focus away from the GOP.
3.
The worse the state's economic mess becomes, the better it is for the GOP. The higher
the pessimism, the more that voters will revolt against the perceived party in power in
the state -- the Democrats.
Pennsylvania State GOP Summary
July 10, 1991
Page 22
In sum, the state's political environment is extremely volatile, providing the GOP with a
tremendous opportunity to gain ground at Governor Casey's expense. To some extent, the
Governor himself has inflicted this damage on the Democratic party. By covering up the extent
of the deficit during last year's campaign, he has effectively torpedoed his party's chances at the
ballot box in the next statewide election. Further, if the state's economic difficulties continue,
Casey may have made it measurably easier for a Republican to be elected as the state's next
Governor in 1994.
As a result of the Governor's actions, voters have more faith in the Republican party being
better able to handle issues considered most important to the state -- those dealing with
pocketbook matters. If the GOP can (1) keep the pressure and blame on Casey for the state's
economic woes, and (2) aggressively portray the state GOP as a viable alternative to the Casey
Administration, with reasonable approaches to the state's problems, then it will have taken the
first steps necessary to becoming the majority party in the state.