Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323153803
label
Asia n.d. [OA 7566] [1]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323153803
contentType
document
title
Asia n.d. [OA 7566] [1]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13792-003
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323153803
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
815334c0bc12e655
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S; 2004-2265-S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13792
Folder ID Number:
13792-003
Folder Title:
Asia n.d. [OA 7566] [1]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
22
2
3
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL:OADR
LUNCH WITH FORMER PM KAIFU
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
You should use this opportunity to thank Kaifu for his
contributions to strengthening relations and resolving
economic/trade problems. Kaifu took difficult stands in
support of US and multilateral efforts in the Gulf War. He
was an advocate of consumer welfare, a break from the
traditional GOJ emphasis on producers, that lent
considerable momentum to the Structural Impediments
Initiative at critical junctures. His public statements
were important to progress in the SII talks.
You may also wish to use this occasion to explain to Kaifu
and other distinguished guests the broad themes of the
visit: shaping the visit to meet the needs of the post-cold
war world; demonstrating our global partnership in both the
political and economic areas; working together to resolve
bilateral economic differences; reaffirming our commitment
to the security relationship. As a former prime minister,
Kaifu has some influence but is far from the center of party
activity and not likely to move closer.
Kaifu and others present will wish to offer their comments
on your visit and bilateral relations in general.
THE SETTING
About 18 guests will attend, including Ambassador and Mrs.
Armacost and seven members of the President's party. In
addition to former PM and Mrs. Kaifu, the GOJ side will
include Vice Foreign Minister Owada, North America Director
General Matsuura, and Chief of Protocol Nakamura.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By
It
NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
POINTS TO BE MADE AT THE LUNCH WITH
FORMER PRIME MINISTER KAIFU
ACHIEVEMENTS UNDER FORMER PM KAIFU
I very much appreciated the close personal
relationship I enjoyed with you. Under your
leadership, Japan has taken unprecedented steps in
strengthening relations with the US.
Japan's support for US and coalition forces in the
Gulf War is greatly appreciated in the U.S. Japan's
contribution is emblematic of our global partnership.
Our January 1991 new Host Nation Support (HNS)
agreement has reduced Congressional criticism of Japan
on burdensharing issues and ensured our ability to
maintain our forward deployed strategy.
Your efforts on the Structural Impediments Initiative
can have far-reaching positive effects on our economic
integration. We hope to continue to build on your
work in SII to achieve results and demonstrate that
SII is constructive for both our countries.
US-JAPAN GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP
The collapse of communism and the Soviet empire
represents an historic victory for the forces of
democracy and market economics.
The alliance between Japan and the United States
played a critical role in achieving this victory.
We are faced with new challenges as economic issues
become the focus of government and public attention.
I am confident that the leadership of the US and Japan
will meet these challenges. No other bilateral
relationship is more important for the future
prosperity and stability of the world.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By H
NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
-2-
BILATERAL TENSIONS
Our global partnership can succeed only if we manage
divisive forces in our relationship. The public mood in
both countries toward the other is deteriorating.
We need to demonstrate that the alliance works, and that our
people benefit from it; and to step up efforts to resolve
trade and investment issues that erode support for the
relationship.
We must also maintain our commitment to fostering
understanding between our peoples.
I am especially grateful for Japan's generous commitment to
help expand Japanese-language teaching in our secondary
schools, and to improve understanding of Japanese business
practices among our business people. These initiatives will
stand us all in good stead in the coming years.
ECONOMICS AND TRADE
I urge Japan to make progress on reducing its global trade
surplus, which is destabilizing politically and economically
and will fuel protectionist pressures.
Under your leadership, we made solid progress in the
Structural Impediments Initiative (SII). SII brought us
closer together on economic issues and can continue to be a
constructive factor in our economic relationship. It is
essential we continue to expand SII by making new
commitments to foster policies that correct imbalances and
address the changes in our dynamic economic relationship.
-- Stronger market opening efforts in public procurement by
your government will set an effective example for the
private sector.
-- The key to dealing with protectionist pressure is to expand
our trade flows and achieve more equitable trade
relationships.
CONFIDENTIAL
Lunch with Former PM Kaifu
Drafted: EAP/J: RLudan
NC
sejec 6672 12/3/91
7/3155
Cleared: EAP/J: RDeming
D: JWarlick
P:MMcMillion
E:WWhyman
EB: RHecklinger
S/P: : LKeene
ly it
it
EAP: DAnderson
C:RWilson
EB/DCT: SWickman
DOC: TEtheridge
Treas: HWalsh
USTR : EEndean
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
GET-TOGETHER WITH TOKYO AMERICAN COMMUNITY
Ambassador's Residence, January 7, at 7:00 p.m.
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
This all-American event provides an opportunity to hear,
informally and directly, the views of prominent Americans who
live and work in Japan.
THE SETTING
Senior US business executives, our top military commanders,
outstanding Americans in the arts and education, and senior
embassy personnel will attend this informal get-together on
the eve of your first substantive meetings with the Japanese.
Ambassador Armacost's reception will provide a good
opportunity to hear the views of these prominent Americans,
who work at the leading edge of our relationship with Japan
and, in many respects, play pivotal roles as decision and
opinion makers.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By H NARA, Date 06/07/23 23
Scenesetter: President's attendance at US community
function, January 7, Ambassador's residence
Draft: EAP/J: RGdeVillafranca
Sejpol 8560 11/25/91
Clearance: EAP/J:RDeming
EAP:DAnderson
EAP/P: EYamauchi
P:MMcMillion
C:RWilson
S/P:LKeene
E:WWhyman
D:JWarlick
EB: SWickman
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
JOINT PRESS EVENT
Akasaka Detached Palace, January 9, 11:00-11:30 a.m.
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
You may wish to use the joint press event with the Prime
Minister to review for the media the results of your
discussions during the visit, and to emphasize the
importance of the global partnership in meeting the
challenges ahead. The event will also provide an
appropriate occasion to announce and distribute the Tokyo
Declaration and provide our unilateral (though
coordinated) press statements.
THE SETTING
This meeting with the press will be the only time
journalists will be able to query you directly, and there
will be great media interest in what transpired in your
two meetings with the Prime Minister and about the meaning
of the Tokyo Declaration.
Owing to the weather, this event will be conducted inside
Akasaka detached palace. You and Prime Minister Miyazawa
will have just finished your second meeting, focusing on
international issues.
We expect the joint press conference to be heavily
attended, with several hundred journalists seeking to
participate.
Interpretation will be consecutive.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By H NARA, Date 06/07/23
SCENESETTER: JOINT PRESS EVENT, JANUARY 9
AKASAKA DETACHED PALACE, 11:00-11:30 a.m.
Draft: EAP/J: RGdeVillafranca
Sejpol 8620 12/5/91 X72813
Clearances:
EAP/J: RDeming
EAP: DAnderson
P:MMcmillion
E:WWhyman
S/P: LKeene
PA: RBoucher
D: JWarlick
EB: SWickman
C:RWilson
EAP/P: EYamauchi
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL OADR
SPEECH TO JAPANESE AND AMERICAN POLITICAL/BUSINESS LEADERS
AT LUNCHEON HOSTED BY OFFICIAL WELCOMING COMMITTEE
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To give a major policy speech setting out your vision of
the U.S. -Japan relationship, emphasizing the importance we
attach to our bilateral relationship, to the need for a
more equitable economic relationship, and to the
opportunities facing the global partnership.
THE SETTING
The official welcoming committee, chaired by former Prime
Minister Kaifu, will be hosting a luncheon for you in the
Crystal Room at the Akasaka Prince Hotel, a large,
relatively new, luxury-class hotel in close proximity to
the Akasaka Detached Palace. There will be between
500-600 guests, including the cream of the political,
business, academic and cultural communities in Tokyo and
approximately 80 Americans from embassy, military and
business circles. While the audience will include
distinguished Japanese men and women, spouses will not be
invited in keeping with customary Japanese practice. This
will be the premier public event of the visit, and there
will be extensive media coverage. The speech will be
widely viewed and read in Japan, and will help set the
tone of the relationship through the 1990's.
DECLASSIFIED
CONFIDENTIAL
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By it NARA, Date 06/07/23
SCENESETTER: SPEECH AT OFFICIAL WELCOMING COMMITTEE LUNCH
FOR JAPANESE AND AMERICAN POLITICAL/BUSINESS
LEADERS -- JANUARY 9 (12:30-14:00)
LOCATION:
CRYSTAL ROOM, AKASAKA PRINCE HOTEL
Draft:
EAP/J:JFScot
SEJPOL 8590 11/26/91
Clearance:
EAP: RHSolomon
EAP: DAnderson
3100pm
EAP/J:RDeming
EAP/P: EYamauchi
P:MMcMillion
C:RWilson
S/P: LKeene
for
E:WWhyman
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
DEPARTURE STATEMENT - JAPAN
(Insert appropriate names)
I have had three very productive and enjoyable days in
Japan. Barbara and I saw some of your beautiful country,
and we had the opportunity to meet a large number of
Japanese from many walks of life. We leave with very fond
feelings for Japan and the Japanese people and look
forward to returning soon.
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I had a series of very
useful discussions on many areas of mutual interest. I
was impressed once again with the wide range of issues on
which Japan and the United States share a common
perspective and cooperate closely. As we move into the
post-Cold War era, the importance of such cooperation - of
our global partnership - will only increase as we prepare
to meet the challenges of the next century.
As my trip to Asia comes to a close, I want to
re-emphasize what I hope for most people is obvious -- the
United States is a Pacific nation, with deep and strong
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By Rue NARA, Date 11/12/04
CONF IDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
- 2 -
ties to Asia and her peoples. We share many values, and
the human, political and economic ties which bind us are
strong and growing. We are determined to meet our
obligations in the region, and to work with our friends
and allies in Japan and elsewhere to strengthen the ties
between us and to build a Pacific community.
Barbara and I want to express our appreciation and
respect to their Imperial Majesties for their gracious
hospitality and to my old friend Prime Minister Miyazawa
and Mrs. Miyazawa for the warmth of the reception they
extended to us. We look forward to seeing them in the
United States soon.
Thank you very much.
CONFIDENTIAL
DEPARTURE STATEMENT, JANUARY 10, 1992
TOKYO (HANEDA AIRPORT)
Draft:
EAP/J:JFScot
so
SEJPOL 8592 11/26/91
Clearance: EAP/J: RDeming
EAP: DAnderson
EAP/P: EYamauch }
PA/PRS: JSnyder
P:MMcMillion
C:RWilson
pope
S/P: LKeene
E:WWhyman
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
ARRIVAL STATEMENT - JAPAN
Prime Minister Kaifu, (insert other appropriate
names), distinguished friends:
Barbara and I are delighted to be here today and
deeply appreciate your coming out to greet us. We left
Washington over a week ago to come to Asia for meetings
and discussions with some of our key friends and allies in
the region. No ally and friend is more important than
Japan.
As you know, I made my first overseas trip as
President to Japan in 1989. We had hoped to be able to
follow up that visit last year, and I'm sorry it took us
SO long to get back. I appreciate your patience and
understanding for the delays.
Over the next few days I will be meeting with Prime
Minister Miyazawa and other Japanese leaders to discuss
the full range of issues on which the US and Japan
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By Pak NARA, Date 11/12/04
CONFIDENTIAL
- 2 -
cooperate and to explore ways to strengthen even further
the sound, vibrant relationship between our two
countries.
The changes that have taken place around the world in
the past two years present us with a tremendous challenge
to build a new international structure to promote
democracy, prosperity, and a stable and peaceful world.
As the world's two strongest economies and industrialized
democracies, Japan and the United States have a special
role to play in meeting these challenges. I firmly
believe that, working together, we will meet them.
Again, Barbara and I are grateful to you all for being
here to meet us and to get our visit to Japan off to a
good start. Thank you very much.
CONFIDENTIAL
ARRIVAL STATEMENT, JANUARY 7, 1992
OSAKA (ITAMI AIRPORT)
Draft:
EAP/J:JFScot
SEJPOL 8591 1/26/91
Clearance: EAP/J:RDeming
EAP: DAnderson
The
EAP/P: EYamauchi
PA/PRS:JSnyder
P:MMcMillion
C:RWilson
js for
S/P: LKeene
E:WWhyman
CONF IDENTIAL
DECL : OADR
AUDIENCE WITH THEIR IMPERIAL MAJESTIES
EMPEROR AKIHITO AND EMPRESS MICHIKO
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To highlight the close bonds between the American and Japanese
people.
THE SETTING
You last met the Emperor and Empress in February 1989 at the
state funeral for the late Emperor Showa (Hirohito). January 7
was the second anniversary of his death. The Emperor will have
completed extensive, and tiring, ceremonies the evening of the
7th to mark that anniversary.
This audience is purely ceremonial. Conversation is
appropriately limited to expressions of mutual respect and
commitment to friendly relations between the two countries.
PARTICIPANTS
US
Japan
President Bush
Emperor Akihito
Mrs. Bush
Empress Michiko
Grand Master of
Ceremonies
TBD
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
CONFIDENTIAL
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By It
NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
POINTS TO BE MADE
AUDIENCE WITH THEIR IMPERIAL MAJESTIES
EMPEROR AKIHITO AND EMPRESS MICHIKO
-- Mrs. Bush and I are delighted to meet again with Your
Imperial Majesties and enjoy your hospitality and that of
your beautiful country.
-- Please allow us to express our deepest condolences to Your
Imperial Majesties and all members of the Imperial Family
on occasion of the second anniversary on January 7 of the
passing away of the late Emperor Showa.
-- It is always a pleasure to visit Japan and renew our
friendships here.
-- We are impressed and gratified as always by the great sense
of warmth and goodwill we feel from the Japanese people.
-- We hope that you will do us the honor of visiting the
United States at a convenient time for you, so that we can
reciprocate your hospitality.
-- Kyoto was the perfect place to begin our stay in Japan. In
our hectic schedule, our brief stop in Kyoto offered a very
relaxing and contemplative break for us.
-- We would like to congratulate you on the birth of your
first grandchild. We understand that both the mother and
the baby girl are doing well.
-- I am looking forward to our tennis match.
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By H NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONF IDENTIAL
AUDIENCE WITH EMPEROR OF JAPAN
Drafted: EAP/J: JPHyland
SEJPOL 8564 7-2914 12/11/91
Cleared: EAP: DAnderson
EAP/J: RMDeming
P:MMcMillion
C:RWilson
D: JWarlick
S/P: LKeene
of
CPR: JFitzgerald
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
INFORMAL LUNCH WITH THE PRIME MINISTER
Akasaka Palace Annex, January 9, 1:15-2:30 p.m.
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
This informal luncheon marks the end of your substantive
work with the Prime Minister. It offers an opportunity to
address any discussion items remaining after your two
official meetings with the Prime Minister, as well as the
chance to establish a solid personal relationship with
him. Prime Minister Miyazawa will probably use English
during the luncheon.
THE SETTING
The luncheon, at a Japanese style annex on the palace
grounds, will follow your joint press event with the Prime
Minister.
We expect 18 persons to attend, including you and Mrs.
Bush, Ambassador and Mrs. Armacost, and five members of
your party. On the Japanese side, Prime Minister and Mrs.
Miyazawa, Foreign Minister and Mrs. Watanabe, Chief
Cabinet Secretary Kato, Vice Foreign Minister Kakizawa,
Ambassador Murata, North American Affairs Director General
Matsuura, and Chief of Protocol Nakamura will attend.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC-3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By It
NARA, Date 06/07/23
REMARKS, PRIME MINISTER'S JANUARY 8 LUNCHEON
Drafted: EAP/J: RGdeVillafranca Non
SEJPOL 8628
12/5/91 x72813
CLEARANCE: EAP/J:RDeming
EAP: DAnderson
EAP/P: EYamauchi
PA/PRS: JSnyder
C: RWilson
S/P: LKeene
E:WWhyman
of
PM/DRSA: TLyng
S/NP: HLevin
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL OADR
IMPERIAL STATE DINNER
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To provide a ceremonial expression of good will and friendship
to you and Mrs. Bush, and the American people, during your
visit to Japan.
THE SETTING
You and Mrs. Bush will be hosted by Emperor Akihito and Empress
Michiko at a formal state dinner at the Imperial Palace on your
last evening in Japan. This black-tie event will be attended
by approximately 140 people. Invitees will include Prime
Minister and Mrs. Miyazawa, other members of the Imperial
family, former prime ministers, foreign ministers and Japanese
ambassadors to the US, in addition to Japanese cultural and
economic leaders.
The Emperor will make five-minute remarks and offer a toast,
stressing the long bonds of friendship that the US and Japan
share.
You will return the toast, highlighting the spirit of
friendship that has made our partnership work, and the
responsibilities that we share in making the new world a
peaceful and prosperous one.
DECLASSIFIED
CONFIDENTIAL
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By
H
NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONF IDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
DRAFT TOAST
IMPERIAL STATE DINNER
Your Imperial Majesties Emperor Akihito and Empress
Michiko, Prime Minister and Mrs. Miyazawa, distinguished guests:
On behalf of Barbara and myself, I would like to extend our
warmest appreciation to Their Imperial Majesties Emperor
Akihito and Empress Michiko for welcoming us to Japan and for
hosting this beautiful evening.
We have been overwhelmed with the warm reception that the
Japanese people have extended to us during our visit. The kind
hospitality shown to us by every person we have met in Japan
has been one of the highlights of our visit, attesting to the
deep bonds of friendship that link our two countries.
Their Imperial Majesties have cultivated this spirit of
friendship that our two nations enjoy, through their education,
their international travel, and the hospitality with which they
receive American guests like ourselves. I sincerely hope that
Their Imperial Majesties will accept our invitation to visit
the United States, so that we can reciprocate with some
old-fashioned American hospitality.
CONF IDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By Rue NARA, Date 11/12/04
CONFIDENTIAL
-2-
As I look out at this distinguished gathering, I see the
faces of friends and colleagues with whom we have worked over
many years to build the close ties between our governments and
peoples that we enjoy today.
Our efforts have succeeded beyond our greatest
expectations. It is a tribute to our fundamental good will and
dedication that two nations so different in culture and
history, that once fought a terrible war against the other,
have been able to forge such enduring bonds. Because of our
differences, we benefit all the more from our close ties --
learning from one another, and contributing our own strengths
in the common pursuit of peace, stability and prosperity.
We, and all our citizens, recognize that the principles of
political and economic freedom, democracy, the rule of law, and
respect for human rights are shared values and form an integral
part of our relationship. We have witnessed great changes in
the world that promise to make the future of our children, and
of our children's children, a better, more peaceful one. The
shadow of potential nuclear annihilation under which our
generation has lived is receding. The rule of law is
increasingly upheld in relations between nations.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
-3-
Yet our joint endeavor -- this historic collaboration --
has only just begun. The United States and Japan share a heavy
responsibility to see the promise of this new era is
fulfilled. Through continued close bilateral cooperation the
United States and Japan can help shape a new world that will
ensure the safety and prosperity of our people, indeed of all
peoples.
Tonight, as we reflect upon the good fortune, dedication
and sacrifice that have brought our two nations together, and
on the challenges we must face, we also rededicate ourselves to
the spirit of friendship so much a part of this global
partnership.
I would like to propose a toast to the good health of their
Imperial Majesties Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko and the
Imperial Family, and to the spirit of friendship that guides us
in our endeavors.
CONF IDENTIAI
PRESIDENT'S JANUARY 1992 STATE VISIT: IMPERIAL STATE DINNER
Drafted: EAP/J: JPHyland
an
SEJPOL 8565 7-2914 12/11/91
Cleared:EAP:DAnderson
EAP/J:RMDeming
C:RWilson
P:MMcMillion
S/P:LKeene
E:WWhyman
EAP/P:EYamauchi
PA/PRS:JSnyder
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL:0ADR
REMARKS: INFORMAL LUNCH WITH THE PRIME MINISTER
Honored by your hospitality.
:
Appreciate the efforts you and members of your staff
have gone to, shortening or even forgoing your new year
holidays to bid us welcome.
0
We are both dedicated to further strengthening US-Japan
relationship and turning it into a true global partnership.
--
We are fortunate to have the benefit of your
leadership, wisdom, great experience, and unsurpassed
international insight at the helm in Japan as we
prepare to meet the challenges of the 1990's.
Last year the world faced down the threat of Saddam Hussein
and his invasion of Kuwait.
--
Japanese financial contributions helped restore peace.
--
Japanese Self-Defense Force minesweepers helped clear
the Persian Gulf.
The world seems more peaceful now. But it is a world in
transition, and it is marked by the emergence of new
challenges that need to be addressed.
:
Maintaining an open global trading regime that will
help enrich all countries.
-- The North Korean nuclear threat.
:
Human rights abuses in China.
-- Making peace work in Cambodia.
--
The disintegration of the Soviet Union.
|
Supporting the development of democracy and free market
economies in Eastern Europe and Central America.
--
Supporting the Middle East peace process.
o
We can face these challenges with the knowledge that the
US-Japan global partnership offers the world a powerful
engine for progress, and with confidence that we are doing
our utmost to make that partnership strong and effective.
o
But to sustain public support for global partnership, we
need to deal effectively with trade and investment issues.
Appreciate your efforts on these problems.
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By
H
NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
REMARKS, PRIME MINISTER'S JANUARY 8 LUNCHEON
Drafted: EAP/J: RGdeVillafranca
SEJPOL 8628
12/5/91 x72813
CLEARANCE : EAP/J: RDeming
EAP: DAnderson
EAP/P: EYamauchi
PA/PRS: JSnyder
C: RWilson
S/P: LKeene
E:WWhyman
PM: SMartel
S/NP: HLevin
D: JWarlick
P: MMcMillion
of
EB/DCT: SWickman
CPR: JFitzgerald
VISIT TO US HIGH TECH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
During your visit to Kodak's research and development center in
Kohoku, you can:
call attention to a premier success of a US company in
Japan's competitive market, emphasizing US firms' ability
to meet price, quality, and customer needs;
showcase that Japan's market-opening measures -- undertaken
at the insistence of the US Government -- provide
opportunities for competitive US exporters.
emphasize the importance of US companies actively working
to understand and gain access to Japan's research and
development infrastructure.
note that Kodak's investment in Japan benefits the US and
Japan, but that foreign direct investment in Japan is small
compared to other industrialized countries. Ask Japan to
open itself more broadly to foreign direct investment.
You could link Kodak's success to its commitment to:
design products specifically for the Japanese market;
strict quality control standards;
integrating Japanese ideas and technology for product
development, while retaining substantial American content;
doing business as a genuinely global company, understanding
that in order to lead in information technologies it must
maintain a strong competitive effort in Japan.
THE SETTING
The R&D center symbolizes Kodak's recommitment to Japan after
high tariffs, erected in the 1960's and 1970's to protect
Japanese infant industries, virtually forced it out of the
marketplace.
Kodak built the $70 million-plus center in 1988. It is staffed
by scientists and engineers from the US and Japan. Products
now under development at the center include HDTV-related
systems and digital photo equipment.
The Board of Governors of the American Chamber of Commerce in
Japan will meet you at the Kodak facility.
POINTS TO BE MADE
US HIGH TECH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITY
Japan's market is liberalizing and world competitive US
companies like Kodak are in Japan to take advantage of new
opportunities.
Kodak was a market leader in Japan until the 1960's, when
high tariffs aimed at protecting Japanese competitors
forced Kodak out.
Japan has cut these tariffs steeply, so that its tariffs on
manufactured products are now among the lowest among all
industrialized countries.
Savvy American companies like Kodak have a broad
international perspective and act on market information, on
realities, not on generalizations.
With the Japanese tariff cuts, Kodak could again compete
here.
To be sure, Kodak has had an uphill battle. In the twenty
years that Kodak was away from the market, its Japanese
competitors developed similar products and cemented tight
relationships with Kodak's old customers that Kodak -- now
as a newcomer -- has found difficult to penetrate.
Why did Kodak come back?
Japan is the world's second largest market for
processing equipment. As a global company with a
worldwide view, Kodak believes it must aggressively
develop its business here, just as its Japanese
competitors are doing in the United States. I agree.
Kodak has been actively trying to understand and adapt
research and development here in Japan. Kodak
recognized that Japanese labs are now doing leading
edge work in developing new products, applications,
and technologies. In this state of the art research
and development center, Kodak has had great success in
teaming its Japanese scientists and engineers with its
American scientists and engineers.
The result: products that can win markets worldwide.
And because manufacturing costs in the US are now
actually less than in Japan, Kodak maintains a high
degree of American content, generating technology
transfer to its US operations, and creating jobs.
-2-
-- We need companies such as Kodak which are willing to take
the initiative and seek out and understand Japanese R&D
efforts to truly make our relationship a two-way street.
-- Through persistence, hard work, and innovativeness, by
solving the problems it faced in coming back to Japan --
calling on US Government assistance, when this was needed
-- Kodak's Japanese business has grown to a billion dollars
a year.
-- Kodak's investment here benefits Japan and the US through
job creation and technology development that draws from the
best of both countries. However, the level of foreign
direct investment in Japan is considerably less than in
other industrialized nations.
-- In fact, on a per-capita basis, foreign direct investment
in Japan reached only 80 dollars per person through 1989.
Compare this with $1,626 for the US, and $2,047 in the UK.
-- While foreign investment is limited in Japan, Japan itself
has been very active in investing overseas. Japanese
outstanding investment abroad in 1990 was 20.5 times larger
than foreign direct investment in Japan. This compares to
a ratio of 1.17 for the US and 1.7 for the UK in 1989.
-- Through SII, Japan has taken measures to open itself to
foreign investment. Investment follows trade. We would
welcome additional measures, so that Japan becomes a
leading importing nation, and a home to foreign investors
worldwide.
Scenesetter: President's Visit in Japan to US R&D Center
sejec 6669
12-6-91
drafted: eap/j:jbaron
cleared: eap/j:rludan
eap/j : rdeming
eb/dct:swickman
d:jwarlick
i) } (
p:mmcmillion
e:wwhyman
c:rwilson
s/p:lkeene
eap:danderson
eap:rmoore
doc: tetheridge
ustr:eendean JJ R-
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
BREAKFAST WITH U.S. AND JAPANESE BUSINESS LEADERS
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
You should use your breakfast meeting with U.S. and Japanese
executives to: 1) emphasize the mutual benefits of U.S.-Japan
business ties; 2) stress the central role of business in U.S.-
Japan relations; 3) urge greater receptiveness of Japanese firms
to U.S. goods and services; and 4) remind that Japanese firms
benefit greatly from an open trading system and should give
strongest support for GOJ liberalization measures in the Round.
THE SETTING
You will give opening remarks to an audience of top executives
from U.S. and Japanese companies doing business in Japan.
Your opening remarks will provide the opportunity to highlight
the benefits to U.S. firms that make the effort to establish a
presence in the high-cost Japanese market. Although start-up
costs seem prohibitive, long-term benefits to U.S. investors in
Japan include access to Japan's cutting-edge research and
development and the ability to service Japan's very demanding
customers. Japan's market gives U.S. business one of the
highest returns on foreign investment in the world.
You should also point out that Japan's business environment can
be difficult for foreign newcomers. Inefficient
transportation, agricultural, construction and distribution
sectors hamper U.S. exports and investment and keep Japanese
costs high for domestic firms as well. This is compounded by
long-term relationships among Japanese firms which may inhibit
their willingness to purchase foreign products that are
competitive in price and quality. These complaints have been
echoed by Japan's Asian trading partners.
Trade into and out of Japan is highly concentrated among a few
firms. In 1987, Japan's nine leading trading companies handled
74% of Japan's imports and 42% of its exports. In the early
1980's, Japanese trading companies handled as much as 10% of
all of all U.S. exports. The business leaders in your audience
have it in their power to significantly affect U.S.-Japan trade.
You may wish to ask their views on what is needed to increase
the presence of U.S. firms in the Japanese market.
Finally, you want to underscore the importance to Japan of open
global markets--which requires Japan to protect its global
interests and exercise the leadership necessary to bring the
Uruguay Round to a successful conclusion, including on
tariffication.
DECLASSIFIED
PARTICIPANTS - TBD
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By It NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
POINTS TO BE MADE AT THE MEETING
WITH U.S. AND JAPANESE BUSINESS LEADERS
U.S.-JAPAN BUSINESS COOPERATION
-- As I look out at this distinguished audience, I find it
encouraging to see so many American and Japanese business
leaders sitting side-by-side, partners in our shared goal
of ensuring the continued economic prosperity enjoyed by
both of our countries.
-- I want to to commend you for the valuable contributions you
and your firms make every day to the welfare of Americans
and Japanese alike.
-- I would especially like to recognize the American firms
represented here today, for their success in developing a
strong presence in Japan, one of the world's most important
commercial markets.
-- The strong and growing presence of U.S. firms in the
Japanese market shows that your hard work and perseverance
can make many American firms household names in Japan.
-- It is often said the Japanese market is one of the toughest
in the world to crack. Labor and land costs are high, and
certain structural impediments work against foreign entry
into the market.
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
CONF IDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
PER DOS WAIVER, November 6, 2015
By
It
NARA, Date 06/07/23
By It NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
- 2 -
0
In particular, overregulation and inefficiency in the
transportation, agricultural, construction and
distribution sectors hamper U.S. exports and investment
and keep costs high for domestic firms as well.
-- I call upon you business leaders of Japan, American and
Japanese alike, to make the case to your elected officials
that free trade and open markets are the best hope for our
continued prosperity.
-- I applaud recent efforts by the Japanese Government to
deregulate certain sectors of the economy and promote
healthy competition through better enforcement of its
anti-monopoly laws.
O
I also welcome MITI's proposal for a Global Business
Partnership, which would expand its import promotion
program to include efforts to promote local sourcing
for overseas transplants. The success of that effort
will depend on the cooperation of our private sectors.
-- However, more work needs to be done on eliminating
structural impediments to the Japanese market. While
efforts by U.S. companies have resulted in strong trade
surpluses with the European Community and other important
markets, the U.S. trade balance with Japan is worsening.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONF IDENTIAL
- 3 -
O
I will continue to request that Japanese leaders take
steps to facilitate entry of U.S. firms into Japan.
-- I strongly urge the Japanese companies represented here
today to purchase American products that are competitive in
price and quality, and I ask that Japanese firms do their
part in our global business partnership by opening up their
supplier networks to U.S. firms.
o
You will be the determining factor in making MITI's
import promotion program successful, which will bring
Japan into more constructive relations with the United
States.
-- Of course, my focus is not limited to the Japanese market
alone. Successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round trade
negotiations will lead to more open markets around the
world, offering new opportunities for U.S. and Japanese
firms alike.
o
The U.S. and Japanese business communities have the
greatest stake in the Round's success.
O
American and Japanese leadership is essential to
achieve this goal, and I urge you to give your
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
- 4 -
strongest support for the Uruguay Round to elected
officials both in Tokyo and Washington.
-- I hope the Japanese Government will act now to protect its
interests in maintaining an open global economy by
exercising leadership in the Round.
-- I want to thank you for this opportunity to meet with you
today, and I would be interested in hearing your thoughts
on what is needed to promote the presence of U.S. firms in
the Japanese market.
CONFIDENTIAL
BREAKFAST WITH U.S. AND JAPANESE BUSINESS LEADERS
12-2-91
Sejec 6663
Drafted: EAP/J: HKenwo CITY 7-4459
Cleared: EAP/J: RLudan, RDeming
EAP: JAndre, Acting
EAP: DAnderson
EB/DCT: SWickman
E: WWhyman
P: MMcMillion
C: RWilson
HK
for
S/P:MO'Neal
D: JWarlick
USTR: EEndean
Commerce: TEthridge
Treasury: HWalsh
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
VISIT TO JAPANESE HIGH SCHOOL
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
Your visit to the Japanese High School is an excellent occasion
to reaffirm your commitment to superior, universal education,
which has been the basis for U.S. strength and competitiveness.
THE SETTING
You will visit Mita High School and be greeted by Education
Minister Hatoyama and other officials. You will tour
classrooms for 15-20 minutes, including a science laboratory
and an English or math class. There will be media coverage of
your conversations with students in these classes. You will
proceed to a small auditorium to meet with about 200-300
students, parents and teachers and will make brief remarks and
take questions from the audience with simultaneous
interpretation. There will be live television coverage.
The economic achievements of the U.S. and Japan are rooted in
the universality and competence of their respective educational
systems. As we enter an era in which cooperation between the
two countries becomes increasingly crucial to world stability,
our need to learn about each other and from each other takes on
major new significance.
Our respective strengths can assist each other as we reform and
improve our educational systems. The strong community sense
and high level of achievement that are features of elementary
and secondary level Japanese education are balanced by the
extraordinary creativity and scholarship of post-secondary
American education.
The high school visit and town meeting with parents, teachers
and children offers a unique framework within which to focus on
the positive benefits our close bilateral relationship can
provide to both nations.
PARTICIPANTS
US
Japan
President Bush
Minister of Education Hatoyama
Mrs. Bush
Other MOFA and Education
Ambassador Armacost
officials
Japanese students, teachers,
parents
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By It NARA, Date 06/07/23
CONFIDENTIAL
DECL: OADR
POINTS TO BE MADE AT THE VISIT
TO THE JAPANESE HIGH SCHOOL
U.S.-JAPAN EDUCATIONAL EXCELLENCE
The economic achievements of the U.S. and Japan are rooted
in the universality and competence of their respective
educational systems.
Our commitment to major national investment in superior,
universal education must be renewed.
As we enter an era in which cooperation between the two
countries becomes increasingly crucial to world stability,
our need to learn about each other and from each other
takes on new significance.
As we reform our educational systems to meet the needs of
the twenty-first century, we should learn from each other's
educational successes.
o
Japan's disciplined, achievement-oriented primary and
secondary education system is virtually unmatched the
world over; I believe the creativity and scholarship
of American university system is equally unparalleled.
We need to expand our knowledge of each other through
increased educational exchanges and language study.
Fulbright, Japan Exchange Teachers (JET), and the Center
for Global Partnership are examples of programs that
encourage this.
The number of Japanese students studying in the U.S. is
nearly forty times larger than the number of Americans
studying in Japan. This imbalance should be corrected.
We need to coordinate policies and support each other in
our joint efforts to ensure a peaceful and prosperous
world. Since this process relies on mutual respect and
understanding, we must begin this effort in the education
of our children.
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
Department of State Guidelines
E.O. 12958, SEC 3.4 (B), July 21, 1997
By
It NARA, Date 06/08/23
VISIT TO JAPANESE HIGH SCHOOL
12-5-91
SEJEC 6684
Drafted: EAP/J: HKenworthy 7-4459
Cleared: EAP/J: RLudan, RDeming
EAP: JAndre, Acting
EAP: DAnderson
EB/DCT: SWickman
E:WWhyman
P: MMcMillion
S/P: MO Neal
D: JWarlick
Just
HKL
C:RWilson
USTR: EEndean
Commerce: TEthridge
Treasury: HWalsh
THEMES FOR ASIA TRIP
Overall
America is an Asia-Pacific partner for the long haul
(America will not retreat into isolationism/protectionism)
--
Economically
--
Politically
-- Security
--
As outlined in the President's Asia Society speech, there
are six keys to America's long-term vision for the Asia
Pacific. The trip will highlight each of these:
I.
PROGRESSIVE TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Aggressively pursue Uruguay Round Settlement (if still
pending) (Japan, Korea, Australia)
--
Promote APEC (All countries)
Push access for American products and services (Japan,
Korea)
Encourage American investment in the region (Singapore,
Japan, Korea)
II. SECURITY COOPERATION
Maintain pressure on DPRK nuclear program. Stress need for
united action against DPRK nuclear program (all countries;
encourage Singapore to get ASEAN action during upcoming
ASEAN Summit)
U.S. will restructure, but remain engaged
--
Continued air and naval presence at current levels in
Japan for the foreseeable future
--
Korea presence dependent on progress for lasting peace
on the peninsula; however, envision long-term air
presence for regional deterrence into the future
--
Singapore agreement as model for access arrangements of
the future in other parts of the region
III. A SHARED COMMITMENT TO DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS
Continue pressure on ROK (last visit by Pres. Bush made a
difference)
Lay out position on Vietnam (Singapore)
Highlight China if necessary
2
IV EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION
--
Show link between domestic agenda and foreign policy
--
Highlight S&T progress (all countries)
-- Examine educational differences that we can learn from
(Japan, Korea)
V
RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
--
Note progress made and areas for improvement (Japan, Korea)
:
Announce SE Asia initiative (if ready)
VI
APPRECIATION OF DISTINCT CULTURAL HERITAGES
--
Announce various cultural exchange initiatives (all
countries)
ECONOMIC THEMES FOR THE PRESIDENT'S TRIP TO ASIA
Both the U.S. and Asia benefit from free trade and open markets:
Our economic relationship is not a zero-sum game for either
partner.
The American economy and American jobs increasingly depend
on free trade and open markets.
-
In the United States, nearly half (49%) of our GNP
growth between 1985 and 1990 was attributable to
exports.
-
In 1991, U.S. will export close to $700 billion worth
of merchandise and services.
-
Record 7.2 million jobs were supported directly and
indirectly by U.S. merchandise exports alone in 1990.
-
More than 19,000 jobs are supported per billion
dollars of U.S. exports.
Asia's stake in the trading system is greater than ours.
The export strength and economic growth of Asian economies
will continue to be dependent upon open international
markets for goods, services, and investment.
-
Asian economies are relatively more dependent than the
U.S. economy on exports and imports.
-
In 1990, exports amounted to 32% of GNP in Korea and
15% of GNP in Japan; by comparison, U.S. figure is 10%.
If the open trading system cannot be preserved and expanded
in the Uruguay Round, Asia's prosperity could be jeopardized
by stagnant world trade.
Asia is increasingly important to the U.S. economy:
The United States is a Pacific power, with vital economic,
as well as political, interests in the region.
Asia is an important and growing market for U.S. exports and
a source of U.S. job creation.
-
Japan (#2), Korea (#6), and Taiwan (#9) were among top
10 markets for U.S. exports in 1990.
-
In 1990, U.S. manufacturers sold $115 billion of goods
in the Asia-Pacific region (29% of total U.S. exports) ;
by comparison, $113 billion in goods were sold in
Western Europe.
- 2 -
-
Exports to Japan and the four Asian NIE's alone support
an estimated 1.7 million U.S. jobs.
Trade with Asia accounts for large and growing proportion of
total U.S. trade.
-
In 1980, U.S.-Asia trade accounted for 24% of total
U.S. trade (imports and exports). By 1990, Asia
accounted for 34% of total trade.
Asia is also a large consumer of U.S. services, including
financial services, an area in which the United States has
special expertise.
-
In 1990, U.S. sold $22.9 billion in services to Japan
and Australia alone.
The westward shift of U.S. population, immigration patterns,
and increased cultural diversity in the United States point
to ever closer economic relations with Asia and the Pacific.
-
The U.S. population is increasingly concentrated in the
Western states (21.2% of total U.S. population in
1990).
-
A large and increasing share of U.S. GNP is produced in
the Western states.
-
Asians represent growing share of U.S. population (6.9
million in 1990 or 2.8% of total VS. 1.6% in 1980) and
growing share of U.S. immigration.
Asia needs our exports:
Asia's demand for imports -- our exports -- will increase as
Asian economies grow wealthier.
Asian consumers need access to foreign goods and services if
they are to raise their standard of living and enjoy the
fruits of their labors.
-
Japanese Prime Minister Miyazawa, for example, recently
stated that Japan should become a "lifestyle
superpower". This will benefit our economy by
increasing opportunities for U.S. exporters.
Asian countries have cooperated with the U.S.:
The U.S.-Asia relationship helps reinforce global
cooperation for the benefit of citizens of all nations.
Several Asian nations helped shoulder the economic burden of
- 3 -
the international effort to counter Iraq's aggression.
-
$10.4 billion was committed by Japan ($10.0 billion)
and Korea ($355 million) to offset U.S. military costs
of Operation Desert Storm.
-
$2.8 billion in economic assistance was committed by
Australia ($14 million), Japan ($2.7 billion), and
Korea ($115 million) to ease impact of Gulf Crisis on
the frontline states in the Middle East (Egupt, Turkey,
and Jordan).
In the G-7 and Economic Summit fora, Japan has helped foster
sustainable world growth with low inflation.
Japan has also supported U.S. initiatives to resolve the
international debt problems of the developing nations. For
example:
-
It pledged $500 million for the Multilateral Investment
Fund (MIF) for Latin America, one third of total MIF
funding.
-
Japan contributed almost $500 million to international
efforts to clear the arrears owed by Panama, Nicaragua,
and Panama to the international financial institutions.
Asian countries have helped the U.S. in efforts to
strengthen market forces in Eastern Europe and in developing
countries. This will help open up these economies for U.S.
trade and investment.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
KOREA
FINANCIAL SERVICES
The Korean financial system is antiquated, over-regulated,
and ill-suited to the needs of Korea's dynamic economy.
U.S. banks and securities firms face numerous barriers to
entering and operating in the Korean market.
In addition, elimination of Korea's pervasive controls over
interest rates, credit allocation, and capital flows is
essential if U.S. financial institutions are to enjoy long-
term competitiveness in Korea, and U.S. businesses are to
find adequate funding sources.
The Treasury Department and Korean Ministry of Finance have
made some progress in bilateral talks in addressing both
specific national treatment issues and broader financial
liberalization. However, much work remains to be done.
The USG has also sought Korean cooperation in bringing about
a strong financial services agreement in the Uruguay Round;
Korea's support thus far has been very disappointing.
Our specific objectives for the President's trip include:
-
A public statement by the ROKG of its commitment to
financial liberalization, including support for a
strong Uruguay Round financial services agreement.
-
Issuance of a comprehensive blueprint for financial
market liberalization, with a clear timetable for
implementation.
-
Implementation of a commitment last spring to ease
restrictions on deferred payment terms for imports by
the end of 1991.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
JAPAN
ECONOMIC THEMES
The U.S. and Japan have the single most important
bilateral economic relationship in the world.
-
With the world's two largest economies, their
actions impact many other nations, as well.
Despite disputes over trade issues, Japan has
cooperated closely with the U.S. (e.g. in the Economic
Summit and G-7 framework) to foster sustainable world
growth with low inflation, and has been very supportive
of a number of U.S. initiatives, including resolving
the debt crisis in developing countries.
However, a number of contentious economic issues in the
area of trade, financial services, and investment
plague the bilateral relationship, despite continuous
bilateral consultations.
Uruguay Round:
Agriculture is the key to compromise; Japanese need to
show leadership and contribute to a successful
conclusion.
Also need liberalization in financial services area.
Japan's External Surpluses:
We are concerned about Japan's rising current account
surplus
-
Surplus is expected to rise from $36 billion in 1990 to
$68 billion in 1991, according to the IMF). This
imbalance can disturb financial markets and feed
protectionism.
Although the U.S. trade deficit with Japan fell from a
peak of $57 billion in 1987 to about $42 billion last
year, it is beginning to increase again and still
accounted for two-thirds of the overall U.S. trade
deficit through September, 1991.
This highlights need for Japanese to maintain economic
growth and open markets.
Export Dependency and Bilateral Trade:
Although both the U.S. and Japan have major stakes in
preserving the open trading system, Japan is somewhat
more dependent on exports than the U.S.
- 2 -
-
Japan's exports of goods and services accounted
for 15 percent of GNP in 1990. For the U.S., the
figure was 10 percent.
-
The U.S. is Japan's most important market,
accounting for almost 32% of Japan's exports and
almost 22% of Japan's imports in 1990.
-
Japan is the U.S.' second most important market,
accounting for 12% of U.S. exports and 18% of U.S.
imports in 1990.
-
In finance-related service transactions (royalties
and license fees, financial services and
insurance) the U.S. has a surplus with Japan.
U.S. receipts amounted to $4.0 billion in 1990,
compared to payments of $1.4 billion.
Foreign Investment:
The U.S. market is far more open to foreign direct
investment than Japan's. This has fed Congressional
and popular concern in the U.S.
Cumulative direct investment inflows into the U.S. during
the period 1981-90 amounted to $355 billion ($80 billion
from Japan alone), compared with only $6 billion in the same
ten year period into Japan from all sources.
-
During the period 1981-90, cumulative foreign
direct investment in the U.S. represented about
5.7% of total U.S. fixed investment. In Japan,
the equivalent number was 0.1%, a difference of
more than 50:1.
Exchange Rate:
Yen/dollar rate has been quite stable since October
1991 G-7 Ministers meeting.
o
U.S. believes rates in G-7 countries are consistent
with balance of payments adjustment needs and
underlying economic fundamentals.
Japanese Financial Markets:
Despite U.S. efforts to open up Japan's financial
markets, Japanese banks are far more important in the
U.S. than U.S. banks in Japan. Japanese banks in the
U.S. hold 11% of U.S. banking assets; U.S. banks in
Japan hold less than 1% of Japanese bank assets.
- 3 -
We have been negotiating with the Japanese since 1984
to liberalize financial markets. Significant progess
has been achieved, but more needs to be done.
O
Recent financial scandals are symptomatic of the continued
lack of transparency and competition in the Japanese market.
Japan needs to take steps to reform its system and restore
international confidence.
Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) :
SII represents an important initiative to reduce
impediments to competition and adjustment of external
imbalances. SII success can help to head off
protectionism.
-
For example, U.S. has urged Japan to: increase
public infrastructure investment to improve
economic well being; reduce monopolistic effects
of keiretsu business practices; and open up
distribution system to imports,
Some progress has been achieved, but it is essential
that we re-energize the SII process by introducing new
commitments on both sides.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
AUSTRALIA
ECONOMIC THEMES
Australia has been an invaluable negotiating partner in the
Uruguay Round, especially on agricultural issues like the
CAP.
Facing its fourth year of declining agricultural income,
Australia has pressed the U.S. on farm issues:
-
It has complained about U.S. subsidized wheat sales, is
unhappy with having to negotiate with the U.S. a
voluntary restraint agreement on beef, and is concerned
about a 34% cut in its sugar import quota due to
increased U.S. production.
Australia's financial markets have been relatively closed to
foreign entry. However, under reforms recommended to
Parliament in November, foreign banks would be allowed
easier entry and operation.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
SINGAPORE
FINANCIAL SERVICES
Singapore is an important offshore financial center, and
maintains a relatively open market for foreign firms.
However, U.S. firms face discrimination in the significantly
smaller domestic market.
The U.S. seeks Singapore's support for a strong financial
services agreement in the Uruguay Round. At a minimum, the
U.S. would like to see Singapore stop blocking progress and
play a more constructive leadership role.
-
The lack of support from Singapore and the other ASEAN
countries for a strong financial services agreement in
the Uruguay Round has been very disappointing.
In the bilateral financial services negotiations, the U.S.
seeks a commitment from Singapore for a level local playing
field in both the banking and securities sectors.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
SII - U.S. Commitments
Issue:
GOJ officials have criticized the USG for not following
through on as many of its commitments as the GOJ has done. By
their count, Japan has completed 80 percent of its commitments,
while the USG has completed 20 percent, at best.
Suggested Talking Points:
--
What matters most in SII is the significance of the
undertakings, not the quantity.
:
The U.S. deserves credit for making substantial progress on
its commitments, which, in many respects, have been more
difficult politically than those that Japan has undertaken.
---
There is an asymmetry to U.S. and Japanese undertakings. In
many cases, Japan is being asked to open up its economy and
improve the lifestyle of its people, while the U.S. is
trying to cut public expenditures to reduce its budget
deficit and stave off protectionist pressure to close the
U.S. market.
--
The GOJ may have passed a larger number of pieces of SII
legislation than in the U.S., but the U.S. has resisted a
larger number of protectionist and budget-busting bills than
Japan.
--
In both countries, we are trying to deal with ingrained
structural problems in a way which will have a lasting
effect, even if it takes some time for their effects to be
felt.
-- The two most important efforts by the United States include:
o
undertaking major budget reforms, which are holding the
line on deficit spending, even in a difficult recession
year;
-
This package included tax increases that were
undertaken at great political cost, and an even
tighter rein on discretionary spending.
-
We haven't seen a sustained reduction in the
deficit numbers yet; nor has Japan in its trade
numbers. The U.S. budget deficit will come down,
though, and the reduction will be lasting.
-
In comparison, the parallel Japanese commitment to
increase public infrastructure spending benefits
numerous Japanese constituencies and is
politically popular.
2
vigorously defending open investment policy;
-
Administration has maintained its open investment
policy in the face of numerous protectionist
proposals and growing mood of isolationism.
-
In contrast, Japan's commitments are aimed at
opening its markets, with benefits for the
consumer.
[May wish to note Presidential Statement
strongly reaffirming open investment policy,
if released.]
In addition, U.S. has taken a number of other measures:
intensified export promotion efforts, with a particular
focus on Japan;
embarked on an ambitious program to improve workforce
education and training;
-
In April 1991, President Bush outlined strategy to
achieve national education goals, called "America
2000," which involves major reforms to primary and
secondary education system.
increased Federal support for research and development
efforts;
--
The FY 1992 budget proposed to allocate about $76
billion for R&D in 1992, an increase of over $8
billion, or 13 percent over 1991 levels. This is
the highest level ever.
and
continued to work toward strengthening incentives for
private saving and long-term investment (e.g.,
reduction of capital gains tax; enhanced IRAs; Family
Savings Accounts), despite strong political resistance.
--
U.S. intends to intensify these efforts.
12/9/91
Treasury
THEMES AND TOPICS FOR PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(November 26, 1991)
There will be two opportunities for the President to make
major speeches while in Australia. The first will be in
Canberra on Thursday, January 2, when he addresses a joint
session of parliament. The general focus of this address
should be on the bilateral relationship, although global
regional themes should also be included. A second speaking
engagement will be on Friday, January 3, in Melbourne, where he
is invited to speak on regional/global themes at a luncheon for
business executives and others hosted by Victoria State Premier
Joan Kierner.
Parliament Address on U.S.-Australia Bilateral Relations
Themes to Include: Though largely focused on bilateral issues,
global themes should be included. The address should recognize
the close strategic relationship that has existed bilaterally,
the success of this relationship, and the need to maintain our
partnership in the face of post-Cold War era challenges.
Bilateral, regional and global economic issues should also be
touched upon. Finally, there should be reference to expanding
cooperation in other areas of particular relevance to younger
(post-WW II) Australians such as culture and education, the
environment, economics and narcotics.
Continuing Importance of the Alliance:
Our long-standing strategic alliance has served us well.
Next year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Battle
of the Coral Sea. It will be a special commemoration of
the close and special defense partnership that had origins
in the Second World War. (The President's personal
involvement in the Pacific theater during that war can lend
special significance to this testimonial.)
However, looking ahead over the next fifty years, the
post-Cold War Era presents new challenges for our
alliance. While East-West tensions have diminished, other
problems such as ethnic rivalries, nationalist aspirations
and territorial or political disputes -- suppressed during
the Cold War period -- are now arising.
THEMES
Page 2
o
In these endeavors, Australia has and continues to play an
important role:
:
Note contributions to the Gulf War, refugee assistance
and the ongoing naval interdiction effort in the
region. Express appreciation for Australian public
support during the Gulf War for the Coalition and its
policies.
:
Note Australia's active role in developing a framework
for the current peace process which is taking place in
Cambodia, as well as Australia's contribution to the
peace keeping force.
:
Note strong efforts on proliferation issues,
particularly regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
proliferation.
Our partnership on these and other issues has become
increasingly important, especially in the wake of the
tremendous changes that have occurred in the world over the
last two years.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
o
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
:
Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
-- Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
THEMES
Page 3
Reassure on U.S. Engagement in the Region:
Our reasons for remaining engaged and active in Asia and
the Pacific are obvious. The Asia-Pacific region is now
America's largest trading partner, with trans-Pacific
commerce totalling more than $300 billion in annual two-way
trade. This is nearly one-third larger than that across
the Atlantic.
We will remain committed to our allies and to fulfilling
our security obligations. The U.S. will remain engaged in
Asia and the Pacific.
Our bilateral and multilateral arrangements in this region
have worked well. These arrangements will continue to be
key to our mutual security in the decades ahead.
The regional partnerships which the U.S. enjoys with
Australia and other countries have provided the foundation
for economic and political stability in the region.
Future Relations Between Australia and the U.S.
We have points of differences, but overall our relations
are excellent. We share common histories and similar
values. And we see this relationship strengthening further
in the years ahead. Some trends to point to:
In culture and education:
Australian culture increasingly influences American
music, cinema and sports.
--
There is also a solid basis of bilateral academic
interchange, including the 40-year-old Fulbright
program in Australia and numerous private exchanges
involving younger Australians at the secondary level.
The U.S. 4-H organization, Future Farmers of America,
and Rotary are among the groups with active exchange
programs with Australian counterparts.
THEMES
Page 4
In bilateral economic relations:
--
The importance of bilateral trade: after Japan, the
U.S. is Australia's largest trade partner. Annual
bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion.
--
U.S. firms have over US$ 15 billion invested in
Australia, the second highest in Asia after Japan,
much of it in leading edge technology in
telecommunications, aviation, and informatics, as well
as manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and energy.
--
Tourism remains very big business for both countries.
Nearly one-half million people travel each way each
year. United Airlines and Northwest both inaugurated
new routes to Australia in 1991.
|
We are broadening economic dialogue, this year
initiating bilateral consultations on agricultural
issues and continuing our consultations and joint
efforts in important international economic fora such
as APEC and the GATT.
In environmental and resource management:
--
Cooperation in conservation and environmental
protection is expanding; we have many shared interests
and similarities in resource endowments (i.e., coal,
oil, gas, hard rock minerals) and topography. There
are many recent examples of cooperation:
-- Our two governments have established a High Level
Group on Energy to exchange information on energy
policy, programs, demand; to review ongoing research
and development; and to engage in joint research
efforts.
-- US Interior Department (DOI) Minerals Management
Service has recently signed a bilateral MOU with
Australia's Department of Primary Industries and
Energy (DPIE) for sharing data on offshore minerals
development, including environmental protection
aspects.
THEMES
Page 5
--
DOI Bureau of Land Management has initiated a dialogue
with DPIE that is focused on the need to balance the
extraction of minerals, oil, gas, and timber with the
growing demands for recreation, and management of
cultural resources, and wildlife and fisheries
habitats. Plans include an exchange of technical
personnel between our countries.
-- USDOC/NOAA officials have recently met with their
Australian counterparts to discuss ways in which our
two nations can strengthen efforts regarding the
important environmental problems of driftnet fishing,
endangered species, and the monitoring/assessment of
the global warming threat.
--
In APEC, where Australia leads the Energy Working
Group, our two governments are cooperating closely to
establish a regional clean coal technology utilization
center.
-- The U.S. and Australia recently co-sponsored the
creation of an International Forestry Research
Institute to focus on issues related to the
conservation of tropical forests and the arrest of
deforestation and environmental degradation.
In fighting illicit narcotics:
-- Australia has done much to assist regional countries
in their counternarcotics efforts and is an active
member of the "Dublin Group" of donor nations that
coordinates counternarcotics aid to producer nations.
-- Our countries are united in the worldwide fight
against drug abuse and trafficking, which is becoming
a security threat of the 1990s.
THEMES
PAGE 6
Other issues:
o
There are some issues on which we do not meet eye-to-eye
but which should also be mentioned.
--
Encourage continued Australian support for an
ambitious Uruguay Round package including disciplines
on Trade Related Investment Measures (which Australia
continues to oppose) and services, where Australia has
been more forthcoming recently.
--
Australia remains on the Special 301 Priority Watch
list for local content requirements on television
broadcasting. This is barrier to cultural
interchange. We hope to see a phase-out, not a
phase-in, of local content requirements.
-- IPR: On parallel import of books, there have been
slight improvements in this area, but we urge the GOA
to adopt provisions that would completely exempt
foreign textbooks from parallel imports.
--
IPR: We also are concerned by the Australian
Attorney-General's rejection of a proposed amendment
to the copyright law to provide an exclusive rental
right for sound recordings. While Australia works for
stronger standards for IPR in the Round, its actions
at home are not consistent with this.
o
One particularly difficult issue is Australian continuing
concern over the impact on Australian farmers of the U.S.
Export Enhancement Program for agriculture. This issue
should be confronted sympathetically but directly:
-- Note the plight of American as well as Australian
farmers, our legitimate stake in world grain markets,
our intention to continue EEP as leverage on the EC,
and our hope that export subsidies will be sharply
reduced in the Uruguay Round.
THEMES
PAGE 7
Recognize and regret that EEP is a factor affecting
Australian farmers, but note other factors --
especially EC dumping, higher global production,
Australia's transport/port inefficiencies affecting
competitiveness, the drought, the high cost of
agricultural inputs, and the simultaneous collapse of
the wool market.
Stress that we take Australian interests into account
in implementing EEP, including setting up a bilateral
consultative mechanism that met in August for the
first time, and will continue.
Melbourne Luncheon Speech on Global/Regional Issues
Alsomphone
busin
Overall themes: Begin with the changes in Europe and move on
to the latest initiatives in the Middle East and Southeast
Asia. While addressing the changing political winds in the
world, the President should also assure continued U.S.
commitment to regional stability in Asia and the Pacific.
Finally, focus should be placed upon international economic
issues of mutual concern.
Recognize Australia's Growing International Role:
Express appreciation for the leadership role Australia has
assumed in the world.
--
Australia's contribution to the Gulf War
-- Active role in working toward a settlement in Cambodia
-- Leadership in forming APEC
-- Strong efforts on proliferation issues, particularly
regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
Our partnership has become increasingly important,
especially in the wake of the tremendous changes that have
occurred in the world over the last two years.
THEMES
PAGE 8
U.S. Regional Role to Remain Strong:
o
The regional partnership which the U.S. has enjoyed with
Australia and other countries has been the foundation for
economic and political stability in the region.
o
Despite the changes elsewhere in the world, the U.S. will
remain engaged, concerned and active in Asia and the
Pacific, both in strategic and economic terms.
Facing Challenges Ahead:
o
This is not to say that there are no challenges ahead:
--
The proliferation of chemical, nuclear and biological
weapons of mass destruction remains a problem;
Australia's role in achieving international safeguards
to reverse the proliferation trend has been critical
to this effort.
--
We share a common view that the formation of
protective trading blocs must be avoided, and support
for cooperative frameworks such as APEC must be
vigorously continued.
--
We should do all we can to open markets and foster
free trade in order to strengthen international
economic cooperation, confidence and recovery.
SEANZ 1668
POSSIBLE LANGUAGE FOR THE PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(NOVEMBER 26, 1991)
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
-- This is only my second visit to Australia, but my
impressions of your vast and beautiful country will always be
very special ones.
-- (Insert complimentary remarks on Canberra, Sydney and
Melbourne -- depending on itinerary. Could also make reference
to Australia's size by noting that several states the size of
Texas would fit in Western Australia.)
THE ALLIANCE
-- It isn't just Australia's natural beauty that draws
Americans "down under." We share a long-standing friendship
established by the special alliance that has served our two
countries so well.
-- I was deeply moved by my visit to the Australian War
Memorial. It evoked memories of the sacrifices that both our
countries have made, often side by side.
-- Yanks and Aussies fought together in World War I, helping to
liberate France. The first U.S.-Australian military
cooperation took place when elements of the U.S. 33rd Division
joined Australian troops in the capture of Le Hamel, France.
-- And in World War II, our troops again fought side by side,
and half a million U.S. military men and women served in
Australia through that war.
-- Together, U.S. and Australian forces fought throughout the
Pacific, in tough land, sea, and air combat. Our alliance and
partnership has been solid ever since -- in Korea, Vietnam, and
most recently in the Persian Gulf.
RECOGNIZING AUSTRALIA'S INDEPENDENT INTERNATIONAL ROLE
-- While our close and important strategic relationship will
continue to be of great mutual benefit, Australia has matured
to become a positive force of its own in world affairs. We
welcome this; your views are valued and while we may not see
eye-to-eye on every issue, the direction of your policies are
complementary to our own. Let me cite some examples:
-- In the post-Cold War era, we are witnessing a reinvigorated
role for the United Nations. Much credit goes to Australia for
facilitating this.
2/2/2
-- Your initiative and persistance was key to shaping the
framework for the Cambodia peace settlement finally agreed to
by all warring factions last October. And Australia continues
to ensure that the process toward democracy and lasting peace
in Cambodia does not falter.
-- You were among the first to dispatch aid and technical
support under the United Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC), to which an Australian was appointed by the
UN Secretary General to command.
-- Australians also serve under the UN banner in the Western
Sahara and are a vital part of the Multinational Interdiction
Force, ensuring that UN sanctions against Iraq are enforced
under international law. In the Middle East, as in Cambodia,
you have been quick to provide humanitarian relief. Last May
your defence force provided medical teams and water
purification equipment and services to Kurds and Iraqis fleeing
Saddam's oppression.
-- But even long before the Gulf War, Australia had the
foresight to focus world attention on the problems which are
now emerging as key concerns for the world community. Thanks
to your efforts, the "Australia Group" was established in 1984,
and is currently comprised of 22 nations dedicated to
preventing the use and spread of chemical and biological
weapons throughout the world.
-- Australia also plays a lead role in international
economics. It was Prime Minister Hawke who pushed the idea of
a regional effort to promote freer trade by eliminating trade
barriers and establishing common policies. Through his vision
and efforts was born the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, a
key economic forum we know as APEC. And since its first
ministerial in Canberra two years ago, APEC has succeeded in
mobilizing the support of all fifteen participants to push for
substantive progress in this key GATT Uruguay Round.
-- Clearly, Australia has established itself as a strong
promoter of multilateral solutions to important international
problems, be they military, social, political or social in
nature. And in large measure, your goals are shared by the
United States.
ASSURING CONTINUED U.S. ENGAGEMENT IN THE REGION
-- Let me take this opportunity to assure you that we, too, are
committed to remaining engaged throughout the world. There are
some naysayers who wrongly predict that recent events in Europe
and Asia will lead to a more isolationist America. This could
not be farther from the truth.
3/3/3
-- America tried to politically isolate itself from the world
in the past, and we ended up fighting two bloody world wars.
We also tried economic isolation that only helped to set off a
devastating world depression.
-- Current trends point to our strengthened engagement in Asia
and the Pacific in the decades ahead. This region has become
our largest and fastest growing trade partner. Two-way trade
between the region and the U.S. now amounts to more than $300
billion, nearly one-third larger than that across the
Atlantic.
-- American firms have invested more than $61 billion in the
region, and that will certainly grow. On the other hand,
investors from the Asia-Pacific have invested more than $95
billion in the U.S.
-- Our bilateral trade relationship with Australia is strong
and growing. Total bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion,
having grown over 20 percent in the last five years. After
Japan, the U.S. is Australia's most important trading partner,
taking 12 percent of her exports, and providing 23 percent of
her imports. At US$ 14 billion, Australia is the largest
recipient of total U.S. direct investment in the Asia-Pacific
region, again next to Japan.
-- In everything from automobiles to microchips, from baseball
to Australian rules football, we grow closer -- not isolated --
with each day.
-- Cooperation and dialogue on economic issues can only benefit
our respective economies. We must continue this openness in
our relationship, and indeed work for greater openess in our
trade relations, particularly as we both continue to face
economic difficulties on the domestic front.
REMARKS ON THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
-- But while we generally agree on the goals, we sometimes
differ on the means. Our use of the Export Enhancement Program
to counter the agricultural subsidies of the European Community
is one point of difference.
-- Let me be clear in stating that I don't favor subsidy
programs. They are a burden to the taxpayer. They weaken the
mechanism and reduce the benefits of a free trading system.
And subsidies take the competitive edge out of industry.
-- But let me be equally clear in pointing out that we did not
start the wheat war. Talks with the EC on this issue had
previously led nowhere. And it is our farmers in the U.S. and
Australia who have been badly hurt by continued EC subsidies of
wheat.
4/4/4
-- We must both remember that the root cause of depressed
international agricultural prices, which have been hurting both
our farm sectors, lies with the European Community.
-- We are now seeing glimmers of hope. And I believe it is
because we have countered EC subsidies with the EEP.
-- The U.S. will be unwavering in its efforts to counter EC
subsidies with our EEP. I believe it is in the long-term
interest of all non-subsidizing nations that this pressure on
the EC be maintained.
-- At the same time, I have promised to do my utmost to limit
the harm that our EEP does to non-subsidizers like Australia.
I have also agreed to greater bilateral dialogue on this and
other economic issues of bilateral concern. On both points, I
have kept my word and will continue to do SO.
-- Any mature relationship, even between close allies, cannot
be without differences. We must continue to seek understanding
and work to iron out our differences.
THE NEXT FIFTY YEARS
The Environment
-- We can be proud as we look back over the accomplishments of
the last five decades. But we can and must do more to expand
our bilateral relationship in ways which will be beneficial to
future generations of Australians and Americans. A key area is
the environment.
-- We share common energy interests which are derived from our
large domestic energy resource bases. Together, we are the the
world's largest coal exporters. Ministerial meetings were held
here last year to discuss upgrading our cooperative research
and development efforts in the area of energy.
-- At the ensuing high level group meeting held in Washington
last April, Australia and the U.S. agreed on the importance of
pursuing energy policies that will help promote our energy
exports while addressing environmental issues.
-- Together, U.S. Energy Department officials are working with
their Australian counterparts to develop clean coal technology,
energy efficient technologies, and other programs of importance
to the environment.
5/5/5
-- Our governments also have agreed to share information on
offshore minerals development, which include environmental
protection aspects. And there is an increase in our sharing of
experiences in balancing the extraction of minerals, oil, gas,
and timber with the growing demands for recreation, better
management of cultural resources, and environmental
preservation.
-- Our scientists also are working alongside your scientists to
better understand the global climate system. The U.S. National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, collaborates with
Flinders University of South Australia in tidal research. NOAA
and the University of Tasmania also have a cooperative
arrangement for climate and global change research.
-- We are collaborating on providing regional governments much
needed information and training in preserving endangered
forests. Toward this end, the Australian and U.S. Governments
are co-sponsoring an International Forestry Research Institute
to address conservation, deforestation, and environmental
degradation.
-- And in managing the delicate balance of our ocean fisheries,
Australia and the United States have shared concerns over
driftnet fisheries for albacore and other tuna in the South
Pacific. We have joined other nations in remedying this
serious conservation threat to tuna stocks in the Pacific.
Cultural and Educational Interchange
-- I began my remarks today noting that Australia is a country
graced with much natural beauty. But it is really the spirit
of your people which has made it a country so admired by
Americans and others throughout the world.
-- We see this in the arts, with the creative works of
Australians in all media, including painting, sculpture, dance
and, of course, film making. And we hear it in your music,
where Australian artists remain extremely popular in the United
States.
-- We must continue to facilitate this rich interchange between
our people. Let me give you one recent example. Our Consul
General in Perth last November invited American musical artist
Paul Simon, who was in Australia then on tour, to meet with a
number of West Australian Aboriginal musicians in his
residence. After the guests had arrived, it was the
Australians who made the first move, setting up their
6/6/6
traditional instruments on the coffee table. Soon, Mr. Simon
and his fellow American musicians were receiving didgeridoo
lessons. And by the end of the evening, he was sharing a few
of his own skills with the guitar, completing an evening of
musical fellowship.
-- In Sydney, at a more institutional level, we have recently
initiated a Fulbright-supported American studies lecture series
at the University of Sydney American Studies Center. The
lecture series is a program which developed from Prime Minister
Hawke's initiative to begin a similar program at the Edward A.
Clark Center for Australian Studies at the University of Texas,
Austin, in 1989.
-- While we may have our differences over the EEP program, our
young people look beyond the present. In preparing for this
trip I was very pleased to learn that our 4-H program and our
Future Farmers of America have active exchange programs with
young people in your farm communities.
Easing Travel Access
-- Nearly one-half million Australians visit the U.S. each
year, and an equal number of Americans come here.
-- To facilitate freer travel between our countries, which
should be of help to both our tourism industries, my government
has offered to extend the privilege of waiving the issuance of
visitor visas to Australian nationals if the Australian
government agrees to allow reciprocal treatment for U.S.
nationals. Our offer stands, and I hope we will be able to
provide this benefit to our respective publics in the near
future.
-- And to help Australian investors who seek to do business in
the U.S., we are prepared to extend "E" visa privileges to your
citizens provided U.S. nationals are accorded reciprocal
nonimmigrant treatment.
-- These examples are real indications of the cooperative
spirit that exists between our two nations as we seek to
strengthen our economic, cultural and educational ties. They
are positive signs of the shape which our bilateral
relationship will take over the next five decades.
-- Let us continue to work closely together to ensure that the
future of our relationship will be as productive a partnership
as it has been over the last fifty years.
POSSIBLE THEMES FOR SPEECH IN SINGAPORE
Security/New World Order
-- My generation fought a world war -- in Asia and the Pacific,
in Europe, in North Africa. Those of us who experienced that
war vowed that it would be the last world war, that the forces
of totalitarianism must be resisted and their aggressive
designs frustrated. As visionaries, we founded the United
Nations; as prudent men and women, we also established a
structure of alliances to contain totalitarianism.
-- In the largest sense, we have achieved our goals. Despite
-- and perhaps in some ways because of -- the advent of weapons
of mass destruction, the threat of global war today is smaller
than at any time since 1945; indeed, it has almost vanished.
The specter of world communism has disappeared; state-
controlled economies are discredited; the democractic tide is
higher than it has ever been, with elected governments in many
nations on all continents; the advantages of the free-market
system are evident worldwide.
-- For many years the United States, by its military presence
and its influence, has fostered stability in several parts of
the world. Nowhere have the benefits of that stability been
greater than here in East Asia, where many nations have
prospered to a degree beyond anything that might have been
imagined 20 years ago: first Japan; then the Dynamic Asian
Economies of Singapore, Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea and
Taiwan; and now Malaysia and Thailand. Others such as
Indonesia are following rapidly. Economic growth in East Asia
today far outstrips growth anywhere else in the world.
-- The alliance structure succeeded in containing
totalitarianism and preventing global conflict, but it did not
preclude smaller wars or other kinds of regional or local
conflict. We are still dealing with some of those situations,
but the end of superpower rivalry has made the search for
solutionsd more productive. We have reached a stage at which
we can realistically discuss what I have called the New World
Order, under which nations will resolve their disputes without
resort to the use of force.
-- We have already seen the United Nations take on new vitality
and begin to exercise the role its founders intended for it,
most notably in rolling back the invasion of a small state,
Kuwait, by a much larger one, Iraq. We have enjoyed good
cooperation from the Soviet Union in convening a historic
Middle East peace conference.
-- Here in Southeast Asia multilateral diplomacy has achieved
what we trust will be a notable and lasting success: the case
of Cambodia. I will not try to trace here the history of that
-2-
unhappy country -- a history in which the United States itself
is of course involved. But I want to record my appreciation
for the solidarity of Singapore and four other ASEAN members
with Thailand, the nation immediately threatened in the 1970s
and 1980s by the potential spillover of combat. More recently,
another ASEAN member, Indonesia, together with France, has led
the search for a settlement, in which the four other Permanent
Members of the Security Council have joined, together with the
United Nations, Australia, Japan and other governments. That
long search reached a milestone six weeks ago in Paris with the
signing of the settlement documents.
-- A settlement in Cambodia truly means the start of a new
era. For virtually the first time since World War II,
Southeast Asia is without serious conflict. For the United
States, that settlement makes possible a process of healing in
our relations with the states of Indochina: representation in
Cambodia for the first time since 1975, accredited to the
Supreme National Council headed by Prince Norodom Sihanouk; a
restoration of our diplomatic relations with Laos -- never
broken -- to the pre-1975 level; and the start of the process
of normalization with Vietnam. Just how far and how fast we
move in that process with Vietnam will depend on progress in
resolving the cases of our military personnel missing in action
-- but the trend in recent months has been decidedly positive.
-- For the people and the governments of Indochina, the
settlement in Cambodia holds great promise. The embargos on
trade and investment which many governments imposed can now be
lifted; travel and communications can be opened up; the
international financial institutions will be able to lend
freely for worthwhile projects. Most important, perhaps,
Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia will be able to emerge from their
isolation and, if they chose, free themselves of the policy
constraints that have hindered their development. In fact,
Laos and Vietnam in recent times have both shown a
receptiveness to foreign private investment. The United States
looks forward to this new era, as, I am sure, do the peoples
of Singapore and the other five ASEAN nations.
-- Clearly, then, the situation in East Asia has improved in
recent months, as has the world situation generally. But we
remain in a transitional phase; we cannot wish away continuing
threats to peace and stability in such areas as the Korean
peninsula, and we cannot rule out sudden threats to world peace
and the rule of law such as the one that arose in the Persian
Gulf only sixteen months ago.
-- For those reasons, the United States will remain engaged
militarily in East Asia and the Pacific for the foreseeable
future. Here, as in Europe, we will take advantage of reduced
-3-
levels of threat and of increases in the speed, range and lift
capability of our ships and aircraft to slim down our
forward-deployed forces and the number of our bases. The
character of our presence will change; we will place more
reliance on access to a larger number of facilities owned and
controlled by others. Our total numbers may be reduced, but
our presence in the region could be more widespread and more
frequent.
-- The agreement signed in Tokyo a year ago by then-Prime
Minister Lee Kwan Yew and Vice President Dan Quayle exemplifies
this new type of arrangment. Under its terms, our ships and
aircraft -- based elsewhere -- are making increased use of
Singaporean military facilities. They exercise jointly with
Singapore's forces as well as on their own. They are gaining
familiarity with the geography and the operating conditions of
this part of Asia. We are open to the possibility of similar
arrangements with other nations of the region.
-- The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in June
settled the fate of Clark Air Base there. If we are able to
remain at Subic Bay, we shall do so, but if not we shall
continue to honor our treaty commitments. We have already
relocated headquarters, troops and equipment to Guam.
Meanwhile, United States forces will remain in Japan and
Korea. Our treaty relationship with Australia, the country I
shall visit next, is stronger than it has ever been. We hope
the day will come when New Zealand allows us to resume defense
cooperation under the historic ANZUS alliance.
-- In short, we will stay on the scene in East Asia. The test
of our security policy, or of any nation's, is not the size or
location of our forces; rather, it is the ability to deal with
any and all likely threats to the peace, and to deal quickly
and decisively with unpredictable crises, and that is precisely
how the United States and its partners in the multinational
coalition -- acting through the United Nations -- dealt with
the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.
Economic Cooperation
-- Interdependence and cooperation are equally important in the
world economy. That lesson is fully understood here in
Singapore, where total trade is three (??) times the value of
your gross domestic product. If the prosperity that so much of
East Asia already enjoys is to continue and spread, we must
have an open global trading system. To reach that goal, we
need a framework for economic integration, and we must avoid
regional fragmentation.
-4-
-- Trade across the Pacific has expanded dramatically in recent
years, in step with dramatic economic growth in many East Asian
countries. Some ten years ago America's trade with the Pacific
surpassed our trade across the Atlantic; today, it is nearly
one-third larger. The ASEAN countries, taken together,
constitute America's fifth-largest trading partner. Singapore
alone is a bigger export market for U.S. goods than Italy,
Spain or the USSR. Nations on the eastern rim of the Pacific,
from Mexico to Chile, are eager to join in this booming
trans-Pacific commerce. I urge U.S. firms take advantage of
these dynamic markets and to redouble their efforts to export
to and invest in the ASEAN countries.
-- The Pacific Basin is a natural trading region, and it is
logical that the governments of the region concert to promote
that trade by eliminating barriers and establishing common
policies. An excellent forum for doing so already exists: the
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, or APEC, grouping. The
concept had occurred to a number of people in several
countries, but it was Prime Minister Bob Hawke of Australia who
developed the idea and convoked the first APEC ministerial
meeting in Canberra two years ago.
-- APEC has since met twice more, here in Singapore last year
and again last month in Seoul. Its original group of twelve
participants has grown substantially with the simultaneous
addition of China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and APEC can look
forward to further growth in the years ahead.
-- APEC is performing many useful functions, but none is more
important than mobilizing the support of all fifteen
participants for a successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round
of multilateral trade negotiations to update and extend the
system known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.
The nations of APEC are convinced that the GATT system must
cover world trade in agricultural products, as it has long
covered manufactured goods, and that it must be extended to new
realms such as intellectual property rights, services, and
investment.
-- The alternative is a likely failure of the global trading
system, a reversion to exclusionary trading blocs, and,
eventually, the constriction of world trade. It is incumbent
on all of us -- in North America, in Asia, in Europe -- to
overcome parochial interests, abandon protectinist rules and
tactics, and expose our economies to the rigors of competition.
-- Even while we pursue reform of the global system in the
Uruguay Round, we can reduce and eliminate barriers to trade
with our immediate neighbors. That is what the United States
and Canada are doing right now, and what we and Canada propose
-5-
to do with Mexico, thereby creating a North American Free Trade
Area, or NAFTA, which will have few internal barriers and will
be more accessible than at present to other world traders such
as Singapore.
-- Thailand has proposed that ASEAN establish a free-trade area
of its own over the next fifteen years, and the other five
governments have agreed. Such action is the direct parallel of
what we in North America are doing in NAFTA, and the United
States applauds this decision by the ASEAN nations.
The Spread of Democracy
-- The most inspiring single event of the last few years was
the tearing down of the Berlin Wall. The Wall symbolized the
worst of totalitarianism, and its destruction stands for the
desire of people everywhere to control their destinies and to
be governed only by their own consent.
-- To a gratifying degree, that is happening. The democratic
impulse is alive, whether fed by relative proposerity, as
seemed to be the case in China, or by economic failure, as in
the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. And in many places the
impulse is flourishing. In recent years elected governments
have come to office everywhere from the Philippines to Poland
and from Nicaragua to Mongolia.
-- There are basic human rights, universally recognized though
not universally observed, but there is no copyright on
democracy and no one form of government or set of practices to
which every nation must adhere. The United States recognizes
the legitimacy of diversity.
What the United States cannot condone, however, is the
suppression of the popular will -- and that is what has
occurred in Burma, where the military leadership permitted
elections last year but, when the results proved not to the
military's liking, refused to allow the winners to take their
rightful seats and organize a government. So long as this
situation continues, the people of Burma will remain victims,
subject to torture and intimidation and deprived of the chance
to share in the general properity and well-being which so many
of their neighbors already enjoy.
(NEEDS CONCLUSION)
MORE
SOUTHEAST ASIA SPEECH IDEAS
:
31 years ago this month, on a cold, snowy day in
Washington, newly elected American President John Kennedy
articulated Americas commitment to our friends and allies
throughout the world. That we would stand with them in
their efforts to resist Communism, embrace freedom and
support efforts to develop economically and thus improve
the lives of their people.
-- It was a commitment that was to bear a heavy price,
over 58,000 dead in Indochina and billions of dollars
spent on assistance and maintaining a military presence in
the region.
-- But it was a commitment that has been shared by
Republican and Democratic presidents alike.
-- It is appropriate that standing here now in a country
which represents one of the most remarkable economic
success stories in the world, we can look back and see
that the outcome we all worked and sacrificed for has
indeed become a reality.
-- It is with great pride that I say that history will
record that America did indeed keep its commitment to its
friends in SE Asia and that together we have built a
region which is at once free, at peace, and experiencing
unprecedented prosperity, part of the new world order
which offers the promise of enduring global stability.
-- To judge just how far we have come and to see what we
have accomplished, it is instructive to look back 25 years
and recall the situation in SE Asia at the time Singapore
was first charting its independent course.
-- In January 1967, the concern was about the rapid spread
of Communist ideology. Almost every country in SE Asia
had or was about to have an active Communist insurgency.
-- As the war in Vietnam raged, from Jakarta to Rangoon
and from Bangkok to Manila, the worry was about falling
dominoes. The nightmare vision was of a radical ideology
being imposed throughout the region.
-- It is important to keep in mind that while there was a
large U.S. military presence in the region in the mid
60's, U.S. economic interaction with Southeast Asia was
still rather small.
-- On the eve of the Tet offensive, the U.S. had a higher
trade turnover with Latin America than with East Asia.
-- Today, the situation is dramatically reversed. The
steadfastness of our military commitments and the
stability which they promoted, gave the countries of the
region time to grow economically and deal effectively with
the political challenge. Having collapsed in Europe and
the Soviet Union, Communist is no longer a viable threat,
and is acknowledged as a failed and bankrupt economic and
political philosophy.
-- Democracy, personal freedom and free market economies
are demonstrably the keys to real improvement in the
quality of people's lives.
-- And this has been accompanied by an explosion in trade
between the U.S. and Southeast Asia, particularly the six
ASEAN countries.
U.S. two way trade with Singapore grew from 2
billion dollars to 20 billion dollars since the
end of the Vietnam War.
In the same period, Thailand went from 700
million dollars to 9 billion dollars.
-- This has made the U.S. ASEAN's number one customer. We
take one fifth of all of ASEAN's exports, while ASEAN
imports from the U.S. have increased 1600 percent since
1975.
-- As a result, today U.S. two way trade with ASEAN stands
at over 46 billion dollars - just about equal to our
commerce with Germany - and exceeded by only three other
U.S. trading partners.
-- To put it in better perspective, in 1990 the U.S.
exported:
More to Singapore than to Italy or Spain
More to Thailand than to India
More to Malaysia than the Soviet Union
More to Indonesia than all the rest of Eastern Europe
put together.
-- But it is not just trade that has brought us closer
together.
-- Satellites and the expansion of telecommunication
technology mean that more messages and images are going
back and forth between our people than ever before.
In 1975 there were about 300,000 T.V. sets in
Indonesia, today there are 7 million (and it seems at
least that many more for sale in all of Singapore
shopping malls.)
Direct dial long distance phones and FAX machines
means someone in Manila, the Philippines can place an
order in Manila, Iowa in less than a minute.
-- We understand each other because of the flow of people
between us.
In 1975 there was only slightly more than a million
Americans of Southeast Asian origin.
Today that figure has quadrupled to over 4 million,
including one senior member of my White House staff
Sicwan Siv who survived the horrors of the Khmer Rouge
run Cambodia.
Based on this population of SE Asian origin, the U.S.
would rank as the fifth largest ASEAN country.
There are more Lao in the U.S. than in Vientiane
There are more Filipinos in California than in Cebu.
-- All of these developments - people telecommunications,
jet aircraft, trade, investment, security commitments, and
common belief in economics and freedom have created a web
of interaction, knitting us together as never before.
-- Our challenge is to use this structure to promote
continued peace, stability and increased economic
progress. And common efforts to deal with the challenges
we face in terms of the environment, narcotics, human
rights and other scientific and technical areas such as
public health.
-- There are two mechanisms which promote and enhance this
new reality:
The ASEAN-Post Ministerial Dialogue in which our
foreign ministers and those of ASEAN's other
dialogue partners meet to discuss issues and
coordinate approaches to dealing with problems;
and
APEC, which offers the increasingly real promise
of cooperation on the full range of economic
issues across the entire Asian-Pacific region.
-- Having invested so much in this region in terms of
American lives and national treasure and having attained,
together with you, so many of our policy goals, the U.S.
is not now going to turn its back on South East Asia.
-- The U.S. is committed to meeting its obligations in SE
Asia and will continue to play the positive role by
maintaining our military presence, even with our three
year phase out from Subic Bay.
Our new Access Agreement with Singapore contributes
importantly to this goal.
-- The U.S. is committed to a successful transition to a
freely elected government in Cambodia. In that regard, I
am today announcing that the U.S. has lifted its trade
embargo and all other economic restrictions against
Cambodia. This should permit increased economic activity
which will help solidify and maintain the process.
The U.S. is prepared to move forward in our
relationship with Vietnam, provided that progress
continues to be made in Cambodia and on our POW/MIA issue.
The countries of Indochina have real promise for
economic growth if there can finally be an end to violence
and they join the rest of the region in emphasizing
development.
The U.S. is committed to working productively with our
friends in addressing global problems and so therefore I
am today announcing a new environmental initiative aimed
at enhancing our work together in preserving our planet
and natural resources.
-- We are truly embarking on a new era - one in which the
last remnants of the Cold War are being put behind us
-- For America, our Vietnam syndrome is a thing of the
past.
Konos
National Assembly-Speech themes (DRAFT)
Thank you for providing me with this opportunity to speak
to you again. Since I last spoke here in February 1989 the
world has changed immensely. We have in fact entered a new
era in world history.
We are very pleased with the triumph of freedom and free
enterprise economics throughout most of the world, and with
the continued progress, economically and politically, of
the Republic of Korea. However, we remain saddened by the
persistent conflicts in many parts of the world, and by the
continued division of the Korean peninsula, a situation
that is anachronistic in the post-Cold War world.
o
As we have stated on numerous occasions, the United States
supports the peaceful unification of Korea on terms
agreeable to all Koreans. We believe that North/South
dialogue offers the best path toward eventual discussion O
unification and related issues. Consequently, we support
strongly the Prime Ministerial dialogue that has been in
progress for more than a year, and stand ready to
facilitate in any apppropriate way.
Our support for the process of peace does not, however,
blind us to reality and to the threat from the North that
still remains. Therefore, our commitment to the security
of South Korea remains as strong as ever, and we will
continue to consult on matters that affect our mutual
interest. To further strengthen security in the region,
both of us should also consult and cooperate with our
friends the Japanese, who have the economic power to play a
vital role in promoting regional stability.
We continue to regard the unsafeguarded nuclear program of
North Korea as the greatest threat to security in region,
and call upon the leaders of that country to meet the
international obligations it accepted when it acceded to
the Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1985.
North Korea should know that neither the United States nor
the Republic of Korea poses a threat to its society or way
of government. However, we cannot ignore the situation as
North Korea builds nuclear weapons, and will use all
diplomatic means to assure that it meets its international
obligations under the International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA)
As we begin this new era in international relations,
U.S.-Republic of Korea relations are growing in many
areas. With the Cold War behind us, we are transforming
our relations from a security relationship to a
broader-based security, economic, and political partnership.
Of crucial importance in this transformation is your own
progress toward democracy, well illustrated by the enhanced
prestige and power of this body. The ROK's movement to a
democratic government, with the military clearly
subordinate to civilian government, has been crucial in
winning for you the respect of the international community
and the stability and credibility necessary for an
influential world role.
The challenge now is to continue down the road toward full
democratization. You have won the political contest with
the North and should consider amending your National
Security Law, which provides a propaganda advantage to the
North, to take account of your strength and confidence.
Further steps in democratic development might include
greater accountability for public officials and greater
transparency in both your political and economic systems.
Initiatives in these areas would be consistent with your
overall economic and political modernization, and would
further strengthen your position vis-a-vis the North.
The ROK's democratization is but one of the features that
distinguishes it from North Korea, but it is one of the
most important, and it is an achievement which should make
all Koreans proud.
Another of the ROK's greatest accomplishments has been
membership in the United Nations. Your entry in the United
Nations was long overdue, and your ultimately success is
due in large part to wise leadership and persistent
effort. However, South Korea's emergence as a full member
of international political and economic institutions,
carries with it added responsibilities.
Over the years, the Korean people have gained tremendously
from the open international trading system. Indeed open
markets for exports have been a major contributor to your
new prosperity. Korea has now become an economic power in
the region and the world.
Now it is time for the ROK to lend its support to the open
international trading system from which it has prospered by
actively supporting the Uruguay Round of negotiations,
opening its own domestic market to foreign products, and
liberalizing its financial system. Your support is vital
to assure that the international trade system remains open
and that countries like Korea can continue to prosper.
The U.S.-ROK friendship has now endured more than four
decades of dramatic world events. Yet in the beginning,
our close relationship was not one that either of us
sought, but rather one into which we were both thrust as a
result of World War II.
In those years the U.S. entered into its relations with
Korea with a keen sense of responsibility, and with
determination to preserve the benefits of freedom for the
Korean people. It demonstrated its commitment during the
Korean War, when more than 33,000 American soldiers and
thousands more Koreans, both military and civilian, died to
keep freedom alive.
Clearly, over the past forty years the American role in
Korea has not always been a easy one, and the political
environment in East Asia has frequently been one of
crisis. Consequently, in carrying out what we perceived to
be our responsibilities we have made mistakes.
Yet we entered the relationship with the Republic of Korea
with the highest ideals, and we have, I believe, pursued
the correct path in the long run. Therefore, we too are
enourmously proud when we see the great nation you have
built from the ruins of war.
Today, we again approach the future in the aftermath of a
war--a Cold War, and together we have the opportunity to
shape and influence a new era as much as we did nearly 50
years ago. We can also define for the next generation a
new relationship, a partnership that encompasses much more
than merely security cooperation.
Our new partnership should be political, economic, nad
cultural, as well as security. I urge the people of both
countries to look toward the future rather than the past,
and to seize the moment to build on our excellent.
relations, to expand cooperation so we all benefit, and to
march into the future as friends and neighbors working
together to build a safer and more prosperous world
community.
Sensitive issues which the Embassy thinks should be addressed
explicitly:
1. Make clear our willingness to continue consulting with the
ROK on security issues.
2. Describe how we see the Japanese role in the region
complementing ours and that of the ROK.
3. Make it clear that transparency and accountability are
important to Korea's economic relations with the rest of
the world.
4. State clearly what the DPRK must do for improved relations
with the U.S.
5. Make it clear that the National Security Law plays into
Pyongyang's hands and can be counterproductive to the ROK's
North-South goals.
Remarks to American Chamber of Commerce
Themes could include:
-- Strong support for the work of the U.S Chamber of
Commerce, which has been vital to U.S. business
interests in the ROK.
-- Korean economic maturity and U.S. /Korean
economic/trade interdependence have brought the two
nations to a new era of partnership.
-- Mutual interest in further development of open,
liberal international trade and financial regimes, in
particular, successful conclusion of UR.
-- Responsibility on both countries to ensure that their
domestic trade and financial markets are open and
liberal for the other; that domestic markets are
fully integrated into international trade and
financial regimes; and that their producers and
consumers understand the benefits of two-way open,
liberal markets.
At a science/education/technology event themes could include:
-- The long history of U.S. support for Korean science
and technology; nuclear energy is a good example.
-- Our admiration for the great strides Korea has made
in developing its technological base;
-- Recognition that scientific and technological
development can only flourish where the economic
value of the intellectual property associated with
discovery is protected for the benefit of the
discoverer.
-- Our willingness to continue and enhance cooperation
with Korea, symbolized by the U.S. -ROK Science and
Technology Agreement;
-- Our confidence that Korea will be able to make
significant contributions to world scientific
research and technological development.
-- Recognition that Korea can now assume rights and
responsibilities shared by other industrialized
countries in world scientific research and
technological development through;
a. Greater contributions to the world scientific
knowledge by increased basic research funding and
b. Cooperation with U.S. and other countries through
participation in basic megaprojects such as the
Superconducting Super Collider (SSC)
Themes/Phrases for Presidential Speeches
Camp Casey
Thirty years ago, in 1961, President John F. Kennedy spoke
within sight of the Berlin Wall and lamented the divisions
between people there at the front line of the Cold War.
As he spoke, the barrier a few miles from here, the DMZ, stood
as a parallel tragic division between peoples.
As we celebrate the end of the Cold War and the overcoming of
barriers between peoples throughout the world, it is tragic
that that barrier remains, the last remnant of the Cold War.
It also stands as a visible reminder of the ideological battles
which once divided the world, and now continue sadly to divide
the Korean people from one another.
For over forty years the United States has been proud to have
played a role in assuring that that barrier against renewed
aggression was strong and steadfast.
All Korean war veterans and the men and women who have
participated in this important and vigilant effort to protect
freedom should be proud of their contribution to Korea's
security.
Throughout that effort, the United States has consistently
looked forward to the day when that barrier would no longer be
necessary, when the very real threat of North Korean aggression
would be no more.
As I stand here today within sight of the Berlin Wall of Asia,
I renew that hope and that appeal, that someday soon there will
no longer be barriers between peoples striving for unification
and reconciliation.
The atmosphere for leaving behind the fears and hatreds of the
Cold War has never been better. The support of the
international community for a peaceful unification of the
Korean peninsula has never been stronger.
I can look forward to the day when it is no longer necessary
for U.S. troops to be stationed in Korea to defend against the
threat of North Korea, when that threat is relegated to the
history books, when North Korea becomes fully committed to
resolving its differences with our good friend and ally in the
South.
Until that time, I assure the North that our commitment to the
security of the South remains rock-solid and unwavering.
Nothing will ever change that commitment or the equal
commitment to have available the means to protect our ally, the
Republic of Korea against aggression.
But there remains a parallel commitment to move toward improved
relations with North Korea, as long as it remains an
independent state, and to cooperate in ways which can enhance
the security of this region and the welfare of its people. The
North knows what it will take to achieve that objective, and I
hope to see significatn movement in that direction in the near
future.
I know that the people of South Korea and North Korea both are
committed to unification, and I assure them that the people of
the United States are in full and complete support of that
objective.
Earlier today I endorsed President Roh's call for a
multilateral approach to resolving the security problems of
this region. The United States will do all in its power to
make this endeavor a success. We can do no less to enhance the
security of our Korean brothers, both South and North.
Thus I call on North Korea to come out from behind those
barriers, from the bastions of military strength, to present to
your countrymen the hand of peace and reconciliation.
I for my part offer my hand to North Korea across the divide.
Come, work with us for peace and security on the Korean
peninsula, in the Northeast Asia Region, and in the world.
Key Elements for the Presidential Speech in Japan
Historical Setting
-- Friendship between the two nations has deep roots.
Even before Commodore Perry sailed into Shimoda with his
black ships in 1853, a young man from Kyushu named John
Monjiro had found his way to Boston and begun the process
of cross-cultural communication. It is important to
remember that except for the dark period of the 1930s and
early forties, productive relations between the two
countries have been the norm.
-- It is in this context that the American people
approached the commemoration in Hawaii of the fiftieth
anniversary of Pearl Harbor. We see this event and the
war that followed as an aberration in the long positive
history of our relationship. As we pay tribute to those
who died in the conflict, we will take pride in the strong
US-Japan alliance relationship that both countries have
built since the end of the war which has made a major
contribution to the prosperity of both countries and is
the foundation of peace and stability in Asia today.
The enduring importance of cooperation
-- Rarely in history have two nations with such different
geographic and cultural roots formed such an enduring
relationship. This relationship is based on shared
interests and values and an appreciation of the mutual
strategic, economic, and political benefits both countries
derive from close cooperation.
-- The basis for cooperation is stronger today than it has
ever been.
- The US-Japan Security Treaty remains the cornerstone
of stability in East Asia, a region that still has a
range of unresolved conflicts. This treaty allows the
US to maintain forward deployed forces in East Asia
which serve American, regional, and we believe,
Japanese interests. Close cooperation between our
military forces and the two-way flow of defense
technology makes the most efficient use of our defense
resources and helps maintain a strong political link
between the two countries.
-- Our economies are increasingly interdependent;
Japan will sell about $90 billion worth of goods and
services to the US this year and the US will sell more
than $40 billion to Japan, making each country the
others' largest overseas trading partner; Japanese
investment in the US creates more than
jobs
and is an important source of technology and
management innovation for the American economy.
-- The US and Japan are the world's two largest donors
of foreign economic assistance and are destined to
play key roles in addressing regional and global
issues by virtue of their economic strength and
political interests. These roles can best be
performed by working together rather than
independently.
-- The human connections between us are growing.
There are more Americans working and studying in Japan
than ever before and there are more Japanese residing
in the US.
America as a Pacific player
-- The US has been a major player in the Pacific
throughout the twentieth century but it is only recently
that Americans have become aware that their country's
future orientation will be as much toward the Asia-Pacific
region as toward Europe. America's trade with Asia
exceeds our trade with Europe. Asian-Americans are the
most rapidly increasing ethnic group in America and are
becoming political active. And American security
continues to be vitally linked to the security and
stability of the Asia-pacific region.
America's View of Japan
-- For America, Japan is the center of Asia, and US
relations with Japan are the heart of our policy toward
the Asia-Pacific region.
-- As seen from Japan, there may be the impression that
most Americans see Japan in negative terms. Polls show
the "Japan challenge" ranking ahead of the "Soviet
challenge"; and various books and articles predict a
crisis in US-Japan relations.
-- These opinions are present in the US, but the vast
majority of Americans admire Japan's economic performance,
have warm feelings toward the Japanese people, and regard
Japan as an indispensable partner for the post-Cold War
era.
-- Let me say a word about the impact of the Gulf crisis
on American views of Japan. There was considerable
criticism in the US press and in the Congress of what was
seen by some as Japan's slow and reluctant support of the
coalition effort, but this negative impression has all but
disappeared. In fact there is now widespread appreciation
of Japan's extremely generous $13 billion contribution to
the effort, $10 billion of which went to the United
States, and to the strong political support of your
government. We know the Gulf crisis raised many
fundamental questions in Japan about your country's
appropriate role in such coalition efforts and that
reaching a consensus takes time. This is an issue for the
Japanese people and the Japanese political process to
decide, but we welcome efforts Japan has made to
participate more directly in peace keeping operations.
Managing US-Japan Relations for the Future
Global Partnership
-- We see a "global partnership" between Japan and the
United States in which the two countries will work in
close collaboration to bring their political,
technical, and economic resources to bear to address
regional and global issues.
-- Global Partnership will be an "equal partnership"
-- we will work together to define common objectives
and our respective approaches to these objectives.
-- Global Partnership will not be exclusive, nor will
it represent a US-Japan condominium. We will welcome
the participation of other like-minded countries and
international organizations.
Addressing Economic Issues
-- Global partnership can only succeed if we manage
the competitive aspects of our relationship, notably
in the economic area.
-- We have made great progress in the last few years
in addressing various sectoral problems and the
Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) talks have
broken new ground in addressing the sources of tension
in our trading relationship, but more needs to be
done. We welcome the agreement of your government to
reinvigorate efforts in these areas.
-- Nothing is more important to sustaining the free
trade system that the success of the Uruguay Round.
Japan and the United States benefit greatly from free
trade and we bear a special responsibility for the
successful conclusion of the round. We look to Japan
-- Fifty years ago we fought a tragic war. Today we are
each others' indispensable partners in trade, investment,
defense, and regional and global affairs.
-- The Cold War helped create this partnership, but
cooperation between the US and Japan does not depend on
the external pressure of the communist challenge. Rather
our alliance is based on fundamental shared interests in
virtually all fields, and the reasons for cooperation are
stronger today than ever before.
-- It is up to the leadership in both countries to ensure
that the competitive aspects in our relationship are
managed effectively so that this cooperation can go
forward. If we fail, we will have missed an historic
opportunity; if we succeed, our citizens, and the citizens
of the world can look forward to a more prosperous and
stable future. I welcome the commitment of Prime Minister
Miyazawa to this joint enterprise and I make the same
commitment.
to play a leadership role as we tackle the last
remaining, and the most difficult, issues, including
agricultural liberalization.
The US Domestic Agenda
-- We recognize that our bilateral trade imbalance
reflects far more than the impact of remaining market
barriers in Japan. Japan's products are competitive
around the world because Japan has saved and invested
at a rate double that of the US, focused on applied
research and development and new manufacturing
technologies, established the world's best quality
control systems, developed a highly educated labor and
managerial force, and taken a long term view to
developing markets abroad. There is much that America
should emulate in Japan's example. We are taking
steps to improve our competitiveness -- reducing our
budget deficit, improving education, and enhancing our
productivity.
-- The United States is going through a difficult
economic period, but we have tremendous fundamental
strengths to draw on. American basic research is
still the best in the world; our best universities are
the world's best; American technology in such advanced
fields as computers and biotechnology is at the
leading edge; and we have a diverse, energetic,
creative, and talented population.
-- But we need make more productive uses of these
basic strengths to prepare our economy and society for
the competitive challenge of the 21st century.
The Human Connection
-- For all of our interaction and interdependence, the
US and Japan need to know a great deal more about each
other. Much is already being done in this area.
There are more than 1000 young Americans teaching in
Japanese schools under the JET program, and thousands
of Japanese are studying in the US. We welcome the
Abe fund to support greater exchanges between the US
and Japan and we are committed to supporting this and
other initiatives. Thanks to these programs, by the
end of this century both Japan and the United States
will have a much larger group of people who have lived
in each other's country, speak each other's language,
and understand more fully the great importance of our
bilateral relationship.
Concluding Flourish
RECEPTION FOR KANSAI LEADERS AND AMERICAN BUSINESSMEN
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
Your visit can bring the message to Japan's traditional
commercial center that more needs to be done to make the
bilateral trade relationship mutually advantageous.
Stress the key role that the private sector must play to
achieve a more equitable trade relationship.
Note the commitment of the US to a strengthened world trade
system and to enhancing American competitiveness.
Urge Japan to do more to open markets, with a focus on taking
the action necessary to bring the Uruguay Round to a successful
conclusion.
THE SETTING
Kansai is Japan's second most important industrial and
commercial center, accounting for about one-fifth of Japan's
economic output and population. The region is home to some of
Japan's major auto makers, consumer goods manufacturers, and
advanced industries such as aerospace and biotechnology.
You will meet 100-200 Japanese government and business leaders
and key members of the American community. Kyoto Governor
Aramaki will welcome you; you will offer brief remarks.
POINTS TO BE MADE AT THE MEETING WITH KANSAI
LEADERS AND US BUSINESS PEOPLE IN KANSAI
Just as Kyoto is famous in America for its triumph of art
and architecture, the Kansai has become famous as well in
the United States for product innovation and quality --
Panasonic, Sumitomo, Kyocera, to name a few.
The traditions of hard work and persistence, which we think
of as American attributes, are clearly Kansai attributes as
well.
The Kansai and the United States have enjoyed a very close
relationship. The products of Kansai companies have become
fixtures in American life, and a large number of American
firms are located here.
In the United States, interest in Japan has never been
stronger. As more American students study Japanese and
about Japan, as Americans come to Kansai to work -- as
academics, company employees, engineers, researchers -- and
to study, real understanding grows and our friendship
deepens.
Our economic systems are based on healthy competition, and
our trade and investment relationship is rooted in the free
trade system.
Free trade and investment benefit consumers, make our firms
more competitive, quicken the pace of technology
development and in doing so extend the frontiers of
knowledge.
The strains in our commercial relationship over trade and
investment have become evident. All Americans and all
Japanese have a stake in solving these problems. Solutions
lie in private sector actions as well as in government
policies.
-- The United States is committed to doing its part to
strengthen the world trade system:
We are making a maximum effort to reach a Uruguay
Round agreement.
We continue market access talks with Japan and our
other major trading partners. Serious problems
remain, but I believe that our export performance
indicates we have made progress.
-2-
O
We are determined to create a business environment
that makes our companies more competitive, by cutting
capital costs and expanding planning horizons.
0
We are working to raise education standards so that
our young people can meet the demands of the modern
workplace.
O
We are working with Japanese officials on the
Structural Impediments Initiative. Through SII,
Americans have learned much about Japan's economic
structure and about how national economic policies
affect trade flows. Japanese consumers, I believe,
have also learned much through SII about rigidities in
Japan's economy that raise prices of many goods and
services here. We believe it would be useful to
reinvigorate and expand the SII process.
-- We appreciate the hard work of Japan to resolve many trade
issues over the last few years, but more needs to be done.
The most immediate and critical problem is the Uruguay
Round. It is essential that Japan take the steps necessary
to bring the Uruguay Round to a successful conclusion. We
all must overcome very difficult domestic issues to reach
agreement, but our prosperity depends on the success of
this effort. Please join me in supporting efforts to make
the Round succeed.
-- I will close by emphasizing that Americans greatly value
our strong relationship with Japan and we are committed to
maintaining and strengthening the bonds of friendship and
cooperation that ties us together. I know that you in the
Kansai share this commitment.
Scenesetter: President's Reception with Kansai Group
sejec 6664
12-6-91
drafted: eap/j:jbaron
x73154
cleared: eap/j:rludan
eap/j : rdeming
eb/dct:swickman
d:jwarlick
p:mmcmillion
is L
e:wwhyman
c:rwilson
s/p:lkeene
eap:danderson
eap:rmoore
doc:tetheridge
ustr:eendean "I (
REMARKS: AMERICAN COMMUNITY GET-TOGETHER
We are especially pleased to be here with you this
evening. You live and work at the heart of our daily
interaction with Japan where the "rubber meets the road".
Your presence here in Tokyo reflects the size and variety
of American-Japanese contact in so many different
undertakings. The dimensions of this relationship -- and
its potential -- make it absolutely vital to both sides.
So I'm delighted to be here with you and to spend some
time in this great country meeting with people who want to
make the U.S.-Japan relationship as mutually beneficial
and productive as possible.
Some at home think the end of the Cold War means
America can retreat into isolationism and that time spent
abroad is not relevant to America's current concerns. If
there is one lesson we've learned over the last 50 years,
it is that American interests can only be protected by
active American involvement abroad. Nowhere is this more
true than the Asia/Pacific region, where the U.S. is the
key stabilizing force in an area still beset by tensions
and where American economic interests continue to grow.
-2-
And there is no relationship more important to U.S.
interests than the U.S.-Japan relationship. Our growing
economic interdependence, our critical security
relationship, and our shared foreign policy interests and
objectives make it essential that we work together even
more closely.
This is not always easy. Competitive elements in our
economic relationship, while basically healthy, at times
cause great strain to our relationship, especially when
there is a lack of reciprocal access to each other's
markets.
We need to make our global partnership work to address
continuing problems in the economic relationship. We have
much to do at home, and my State of the Union message will
set out a broad active agenda to restore American
competitiveness. At the same time, we need greater access
to Japan's markets, and many of you here can testify that,
though this is not an easy task, it can be done.
-3-
These are objectives that can and will be achieved,
not by turning our backs on strong and cooperative
relationships, but by applying the strengths of those
relationships to find solutions.
I want to thank each and every one of you here tonight
for the daily contribution you make toward building
stronger U.S. -Japan relations. And I urge you to keep up
the good work.
Thank you.
President's remarks at US community function
Ambassador's residence, January 7, 1992
Draft:EAP/J:RGdeVillafranca
Sejpol 8561 11/25/91
Clearance: EAP/J:RDeming
EAP:DAnderson
EAP/P:EYamauchi
PA:RBoucher
C:RWilson
S/P:LKeene
E:WWhyman
TOAST: PRIME MINISTER'S DINNER
Prime Minister Miyazawa, Deputy Prime Minister
Watanabe, distinguished Ministers, ladies and gentlemen:
Barbara and I are delighted to be here. As you know,
I had hoped to be here earlier, but felt a strong need to
remain in the U.S. while the Congress was still in
session. I apologize for the inconvenience caused by the
postponement, and I appreciate both your public and
personal expressions of understanding for the delay.
Mr. Prime Minister, let me offer my very warmest
congratulations to you on your election. I consider the
relationship between the President of the United States
and the Prime Minister of Japan to be one of the most
important relationships in the world. I enjoyed very
close ties with Prime Minister Kaifu, and on the basis of
our conversation this morning I feel we have begun to
establish an excellent working and personal relationship.
I look forward to working with you in the months and years
ahead on all the challenges we face.
-2-
Mr. Prime Minister, the Cold War has ended. But as
old challenges are overcome, new challenges take their
place. We must move forward.
It is my conviction that America and Japan must move
forward together. We share a common vision about the
post-Cold War world: a world dedicated to the pursuit of
democratic principles and international law, and
strengthened by the development of prosperity, by peace,
and by free and equitable trade between nations.
No two nations can do more to realize this vision than
the U.S. and Japan, working together. We have the
economic resources, we have the poltical will, and we have
the leadership capability.
-3-
We stand at an important point in history, when the
opportunities to realize the long-term vision we share are
unequaled.
And so, for the sake of our children, and their
children, we must not let these opportunities slip away.
The U.S. -Japan partnership, with its tradition of
successful cooperation, needs to be transformed into a
global partnership to lead the way into the 21st century.
Mr. Prime Minister, I raise my glass to U.S.-Japan
relations and to our global partnership -- a joint
enterprise dedicated to a better future not just for
America and Japan, but for the entire world.
PRESIDENT'S REMARKS: PRIME MINISTER'S DINNER
January 8, 1992
Drafted:EAP/J:RGdeVillafrano
the
Sejpol 8562 x72813
Clearance:EAP/J:RDeming
EAP:DAnderson
C:RWilson
E:WWhyman
EAP/P: EYamauchi )
P:MMcMillion
S/P:LKeene
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
3
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
4
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
U.S. EMBASSY COMMUNITY EVENT
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To express appreciation to US and Japanese members of the
Embassy staff and their families for their work on behalf
of the US-Japan relationship and in making your visit to
Japan a success.
THE SETTING
This event will be held in the Embassy's first floor
auditorium; about 500 American staff, family members and
Japanese foreign service nationals are expected to
attend. Following your remarks at a similar event during
your February 1989 visit to Japan, you and Mrs. Bush
invited children of the Embassy community to pose with you
for a group photograph, and greeted members of the
audience. No outside visitors or members of the media
will attend.
DRAFT REMARKS FOR EMBASSY COMMUNITY EVENT
Barbara and I want to thank so many of you for sharing
your time with us today as we complete a very successful
visit to Japan and our other key friends and allies in
Asia.
As all of you know better than anyone else, the
US-Japan relationship is one of the most important in the
world. Our discussions with Prime Minister Miyazawa and
other Japanese business and political leaders have further
strengthened our relationship and laid the basis for a
global partnership well equipped to deal with the
challenges we will face in the coming decade.
Much of what we have accomplished during the past
three days would not have been possible without your hard
work and long hours, and I'd like to offer my sincere
gratitude to you all for supporting the visit and helping
to make it a success.
When I was chief of our interests section in Beijing
some years ago, I learned first hand the hard work and
dedication that goes into representing our country
overseas. I left there convinced that there is no more
dedicated a group of public servants than the men and
- 2 -
women who represent the United States' interests abroad,
and the able and professional staff of foreign service
national employees who support them in their efforts.
This is one President who appreciates from personal
experience the efforts you put in to support our goals
here; keep up the good work.
I also want to say a special word of thanks to the
unsung heros of Embassy Tokyo --- the spouses and children
of the Embassy staff for putting up with the long hours of
separation from your husbands, wives and parents. Without
your support and understanding, their work would be far
more difficult. I know your spouses and parents
appreciate it and so do Barbara and I.
A lot has happened since Barbara and I last visited
with many of you in this same room three years ago. None
of us could have predicted the changes which have taken
place during those three years. I suspect that the coming
years will be equally unpredictable and challenging. I am
confident, however, that under the excellent leadership of
Mike Armacost and with your continued hard work, we will
meet those challenges.
Thank you all very much.
SCENESETTER: EMBASSY COMMUNITY EVENT AND DRAFT REMARKS --
January 10, 1992
U.S. Embassy Auditorium
Draft:
EAP/J: DFCowhig x7-4428
12/11/91 SEJPOL 8616
Cleared: EAP: DAnderson
EAP/J: RDeming
EAP/P: EYamauchi
D: JWarlick
C: RWilson
P:MMcMillion
S/P: LKeene
E:WWhyman
PA: RBoucher
M: SSpoede
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
5
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
I
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
DINNER HOSTED BY THE PRIME MINISTER
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To outline for key Japanese decision makers and opinion
leaders your views on the importance of the global
partnership in meeting the challenges of a changing world.
THE SETTING
This dinner, a social occasion hosted by the Prime
Minister in honor of you and Mrs. Bush, will be held at
the Prime Minister's official residence. Dress will be
business attire.
You will enter the residence, descend a shallow staircase,
and enter a foyer where the Prime Minister and Mrs.
Miyazawa will greet you. You and Mrs. Bush will join a
receiving line with the Prime Minister and Mrs. Miyazawa.
When the guests have passed through the line, you will
proceed directly to the head table, which will face the
other tables in the room. You will be seated with the
Prime Minister on your left and Mrs. Miyazawa on your
right. Mrs. Bush will be seated on the Prime Minister's
left.
120 guests, including 90 Japanese and 30 Americans, from
your party and from the American community in Tokyo, will
be present. You will be expected to present a dinner
toast.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
7
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
8
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
UNCLASSIFIED
MEETING WITH AMERICAN STUDENTS IN KYOTO
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
To highlight the importance of educational and research
exchanges in increasing mutual understanding and forging a
strong partnership between our two nations.
THE SETTING
You will have an informal exchange with a group of American
(and Japanese?) students at the Imperial Palace (or Stanford
Japan Center) in Kyoto.
The American students participating in this event attend
several different universities in the Kyoto area. The majority
of the students are from the Stanford Japan Center and Doshisha
University. The Stanford Center, established two years ago in
Kyoto, features an undergraduate program with courses in
Japanese language, culture, history and politics and is
co-sponsored by nine US universities. There is also a graduate
program for engineers focusing on technological exchange and a
graduate research program. Doshisha University has
longstanding ties to Amherst College. Approximately fifty
students from various US universities are currently enrolled in
the exchange program which features intensive language training
and area studies.
The setting of the event in the Imperial Palace provides an
excellent opportunity to showcase to both US and Japanese
publics our appreciation for the history and traditions of the
Japanese people and the strong efforts Americans are making to
gain firsthand knowledge of Japanese language and culture. It
also underscores the importance we place on the next generation
to maintain and strengthen the US-Japan relationship.
The setting of the event at the Stanford Japan Center will
underscore for both the US and Japanese publics the commitment
on the part of American universities and students to improve
our understanding of Japan, its culture, economy, history,
technology and, most importantly, people.
PARTICIPANTS
US
Japan
President Bush
TBD
Mrs. Bush
Ambassador Armacost
POINTS TO BE MADE
MEETING WITH AMERICAN STUDENTS IN KYOTO
I am pleased to see so many of you here today.
Your efforts to learn firsthand about this fascinating and
important country and its people are truly commendable. I
look around me at the beautiful and historic city of Kyoto
and fully understand what drew you to study here.
I applaud your efforts to forge strong personal ties with
the Japanese people. I hope each of you will take every
opportunity to learn about Japan's culture and society and
share your own personal, family and regional experiences
with your colleagues and friends here.
It is these personal ties and the increased understanding
that flows from them that form the foundation of the
partnership that has grown between our two nations.
Too often we hear complaints that Americans are too
ethnocentric, unwilling to invest the time and effort
needed to understand other cultures, languages, and
business and scientific practices. Your presence here
tells a different story.
But these programs are more than an exercise in cross
cultural communication. To compete in today's world we
need academics, professionals, scientists and engineers
who are able and committed, linguistically and personally,
to operate in key countries such as Japan. To this end, I
recently signed a bill establishing a $180 million trust
fund for language, area, and international studies.
We now have about 2,000 American students studying at the
post-secondary level in Japan. These figures suggest what
you already know: the US is committed to a strong,
personal, and lasting US-Japan relationship; from these
students and their successors will come the next
generation's leaders in a wide variety of fields, and
their familiarity with Japan will form a strong bond
between our two countries.
I note with special pleasure the growing number of US
science and engineering students and researchers working
in Japan. To promote this exchange, we and the Japanese
government sponsor a Summer Institute to provide US
science and engineering graduate students with experience
working in a Japanese laboratory and in language study.
As evidence of how deeply I value US-Japan cooperation in
this area, the Prime Minister and I will endorse a package
of joint S&T and environmental projects during my visit.
I am proud of your efforts and I urge you all to make the
most out of your stay in Japan. And please bring back
what you have learned and share it with your fellow
Americans. The benefits of mutual understanding are
amplified when they are spread as widely as possible.
MEETING WITH AMERICAN STUDENTS IN KYOTO
Drafted: EAP/J : PHanigan Scroggs
Cleared: EAP: LDAnderson
11/5/91 SEJEC 6600 7-3152
EAP/J: RDeming
EAP/J: RLudan
D: JWarlick
P: MMcMillion
E: WWhyman
S/P: LKeene
USIA: DHitchcock
PA/PRS:JSnyder
EAP/P:KBailes :
OES/S : JBoright
OSTP: : SBowden
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
9
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
10
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER 11
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
12
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
13
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER
14
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.
GEORGE BUSH LIBRARY
THIS FORM MARKS THE FILE LOCATION OF ITEM NUMBER 15
LISTED IN THE WITHDRAWAL SHEET AT THE FRONT OF THIS FOLDER.